Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
combine effects of brunnstorm movement therapy and lllt in chronic stroke patient

Conditions: Chronic Stroke

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to determine the combined effects of brunnstorm movement therapy and low level laser therapy on upper limb function in chronic stroke patient.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age range between 40 \& 60 years (16) * both males and females. * combined effects of brunnstorm movement therapy and lllt on upper limb function hand dexterity in stroke * patient with maximum grade 1 and 1+ spasticity according to modified * ashworth scale and minimum muscle strength of 1 in the biceps brachii muscle. * onset of injury : (1 to 2 years) exclusion criteria: * any comorbidity such as malignancy, inflammatory rheumatologic disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, lupus erythematosus, etc. * have a pacemaker or a history of serious cardiac events or of cardiorespiratory dysfunction. * visual impairment * any other musculoskeletal disorders of extremity * severe cognitive impairment or aphasia leading to difficulty in communication, participants unwilling to comply with the protocol.

Keywords: brunnstorm movement therapy hand dexterity low-level laser therapy stroke
a study comparing the dulaglutide pen and the semaglutide pen

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: in this study participants will try out two different types of drug injection pens (dulaglutide and semaglutide) on a practice pad and decide which device they prefer. no study drug will be administered.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed with type 2 diabetes * self-injection naïve to all injectable treatment (for example, diabetes therapies and other medical conditions) * injection naïve to performing all injectable treatment (for example, diabetes therapies and other medical conditions) to others exclusion criteria: * currently diagnosed with gestational diabetes and/or type 1 diabetes * cognitive or physical difficulties that could interfere with ability to understand the training, perform the injection tasks, or complete the study questionnaires as judged by the investigator * is a health care practitioner who is trained in giving injections
treatment of cerebral toxoplasmosis in hiv/aids

Conditions: Toxoplasmic Encephalitis; AIDS

Summary: neurological manifestations of cerebral toxoplasmosis or toxoplasmic encephalitis (te) in most advance stage hiv infected patients composed of fever, headache, alteration of consciousness with focal neurological signs/symptoms such as include hemiparesis, cranial nerve palsies, and ataxia. generalised convulsions, in ¾ of patients. moreover meningeal irritation sign or herniation sign may be presented as life threatening condition

background: toxoplasmic encephalitis (te), caused by toxoplasma gondii, is common in aids patients. te can result in tissue destruction via massive inflammation and brain abscess formation. methods: randomized controlled trials were performed in aids patients to assess which drug regimen was optimally effective for the treatment of te. aids patients with te were randomly divided into 3 groups that received a 6-week course of either pyrimethamine (50 mg/ day or 100 mg/day) plus sulfadiazine (4 g/day) and folinic acid (25 mg/day) or trimethoprim (10 mg/kg/day) plus sulfamethoxazole (50 mg/kg/day) (tmp-smx), and results were evaluated with respect to clinical response, mortality, morbidity, and serious adverse events. the primary outcome was defined as death in the first 6-week period. the secondary outcome was successful treatment within 6 weeks without severe adverse events, bone marrow suppression, drug-induced rash, or any other event that caused a change in the treatment regimen. results: the results from this study showed that in aids patients, te was most successfully treated with the combination of pyrimethamine (50 mg/day) plus sulfadiazidine (4 g/day) and folinic acid (25 mg/day); failure rates were not significantly different among the 3 treatment groups. conclusions: available data suggest that of the currently available options, treatment of te with pyrimethamine at 50 mg/day plus sulfadiazidine at 4 g/day provides the best primary outcome for aids patients with te; however, because this study was terminated prematurely, we suggest that treatment with intravenous tmp-smx be further evaluated to determine its efficacy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aids * age \> 16 years * clinical diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis, toxoplasmic encephalitis * positive serum titer for toxoplasma gondii or positive csf titer for toxoplasma gondii after treatment within 2 weeks * ct scan suspected toxoplasmosis, ring enhancing lesion * cd4\<200 exclusion criteria: * sulfa drugs allergy * positive lymphoma cell cytology in csf * no informed consent by patients or first degreee relatives * cd4 \>200

Keywords: toxoplasmic encephalitis aids
local bisphosphonate effect on recurrence rate in extremity giant cell tumor of bone

Conditions: Giant Cell Tumor of Bone

Summary: the purpose of the clinical study is to investigate whether the local delivery of bisphosphonate as a surgical adjuvant can decrease the chance of a giant cell tumor of bone coming back to the same location. the hypothesis is that the local administration of bisphosphonate will decrease the rate of the tumor returning compared to traditional aggressive surgical removal of the tumor.

the purpose of the clinical study is to investigate whether the local delivery of bisphosphonate (bp-loaded pmma bone cement) as a surgical adjuvant can decrease the local recurrence rate of giant cell tumor (gct) of bone. the investigators will evaluate whether bisphosphonate as a surgical adjuvant improves secondary outcomes, such as pain, function, fever, or wound complications. the hypothesis is that the local administration of bisphosphonate will decrease the recurrence rate of gct compared to traditional aggressive intralesional curettage.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * primary benign gct of bone * lesion located in an extremity * lesion amenable to reconstruction (intralesional curettage) defined as having at least one intact column of bone after removal * no previous systemic bisphosphonate or denosumab therapy exclusion criteria: * recurrent gct of bone * non-extremity location * lesion too extensive for intralesional treatment, either due to bone loss, joint invasion, or large soft tissue component * children and pregnancy * previous systemic bisphosphonate or denosumab therapy
supervised group based exercise for men with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy

Conditions: Prostatic Neoplasms; Exercise Therapy; Androgen Deprivation Therapy

Summary: exercise intervention for men with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy.

the aim of the project is to investigate the effects of patient education and exercise intervention implemented in daily clinical practice for men with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy * functional capacity * quality of life * body composition * blood pressure and to assess safety of progressive resistance training for participants with bone metastases.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with a prostate cancer diagnosis on androgen deprivation therapy exclusion criteria: * opioid demanding treatment for skeletal pain * eastern cooperative oncology group performance status \> 2 * inability to perform floor and machine exercises independently
preoperative level of hemoglobin a1c and acute kindey injury after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery

Conditions: Acute Kidney Injury

Summary: background: the development of acute kidney injury (aki) is an important indicator of clinical outcomes after cardiac surgery. elevated preoperative hemoglobin a1c level may be associated with acute kidney injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. this study will investigate the association of preoperative hba1c levels with aki after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (cabg).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asa physical status ii-iii * scheduled to undergo isolated coronary artery bypass grafting exclusion criteria: * patients with history of renal failure * patients with history of hepatic failure * patients with history of heart failure * previous cardiac surgery * cerebrovascular event in the last 30 days * percutaneous coronary intervention in the last 30 days prior to operation * peripheral arterial disease * malignancy * infectious diseases * patients who required surgical revision * patients who required postoperative intra-aortic balloon pump * patients with cbp time \> 120 min or aortic cross clamp time \> 90 min
fracture risk after pancreas transplantation (frapat)

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Fractures, Bone

Summary: individuals with type 1 diabetes (t1d) are at greater risk of fracture than non-diabetic subjects. although the mechanisms underlying bone fragility in t1d are not completely understood, insulin deficiency seems to play a key role. to date, no information is available on the effect of diabetes remission after pancreatic transplantation alone (pta) on the risk of fractures in t1d individuals with preserved kidney function. the overall objective of this retrospective cohort study is to evaluate the effect of t1d remission after pta on fracture risk. the primary endpoint will be the difference in fracture incidence (any fracture) between the pta group and the control group. for the pta group, the incidence of fractures after transplantation will be considered. data from patients who underwent pta at irccs san raffaele hospital from january 2, 2005 to december 31, 2017 will be compared with age-, gender- and disease duration-matched controls from the pool of outpatients with t1d attending the endocrinology unit at the same institution. anthropometric, anamnestic, laboratory data and data on the history of fractures and past/current therapies will be collected. with this study, for the first time we will be able to obtain information on the effects of diabetes remission on the risk of fracture. we expect that the remission of diabetes will result in a beneficial effect on the fracture risk.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria (pta group) * t1d patients who received their first pta, or second pta only if their first graft was explanted within a week, between 2 january 2005 and 31 december 2017 * age ≥18 and \< 65 years * willingness to participate in this observational study inclusion criteria (control group) * type 1 diabetes * age ≥18 years and \< 65 years * willingness to participate in this observational study * minimum disease duration of 5 years * brittle diabetes, as defined by the occurrence of frequent acute complications (ketoacidosis or severe hypoglycaemic episodes requiring third-part assistance or unawareness despite well-conducted intensive insulin therapy) * presence of at least one diabetes-related complication (either neuropathy, retinopathy, subclinical nephropathy). exclusion criteria (both groups) * conditions other than t1d known to affect bone health (i.e., non-compensated hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, inflammatory bowel disease, malignancy, rheumatoid arthritis, hypogonadism, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hepatic insufficiency, alcohol intake ≥ 3 units/day ), * use of drugs that can affect bone metabolism (e.g., bisphosphonates, anticonvulsants, hormone replacement therapy) other than glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants * recipients of simultaneous pancreas kidney transplantation, pancreatic islet transplantation, multiple ptas, other transplants * bmi \<18.5 or ≥ 30 kg/m2
the obstacle hypoglycemia study (mk-0000-158)

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: this study will assess the correlation between glycemic control and the hypoglycemia symptom score in patients with type 2 diabetes, 12 weeks after addition of a sulfonylurea to an ongoing regime of oral hypoglycemic agents.

patients will be evaluated for participation in the study during their usual visit to participating diabetes care clinics. addition of sulfonylurea will be an unbiased decision of the participating physicians based on the clinical needs of the participating patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with type 2 diabetes, of either gender and aged between 18-75 years * patients being considered for addition of sulfonylurea on background of at least one other oral hypoglycemic agent, on a usual visit (screening cum enrolment visit), as per the clinical situation judged by participating physician * willing to comply with study requirements exclusion criteria: * patients with type 1 diabetes or gestational diabetes * patients currently on insulin therapy or have received insulin in last 6 months * patients currently on sulfonylurea therapy or have received sulfonylureas in last 6 months * patients currently on meglitinides therapy or have received meglitinides in last 6 months * patients initiated on sulfonylurea monotherapy * patient on dpp-4 inhibitors, either as monotherapy or as combination therapy * patient is, at the time of signing informed consent, a user of recreational or illicit drugs or has had a recent history (within the last year) of drug or alcohol abuse or dependence. * patients for whom it would be impossible to complete the questionnaire for whatever reason, in any feasible form * patients who are already participating in a clinical trial or other clinical study
comparison between the right lateral decubitus and the left lateral decubitus as starting position in colonoscopy

Conditions: Colonoscopy

Summary: randomized clinical trial between two positions to initiate colonoscopy, right sided vs left sided

objective to assess whether in the colonoscopy, the initial position of the patient in the right lateral decubitus (dld) translates into advantages such as: shorter examination time or greater range of detection of polyps, compared to the left lateral decubitus (dli), a position traditionally used. methodology this is a randomized and controlled clinical trial to be carried out in the city of bogotá, in the gastroenterology and digestive endoscopy unit of the colombia university clinic, a fourth-level private clinic, a unit in which 7746 colonoscopies were performed in 2017. the study will be carried out over a period of 2 months until the sample is completed. patients will be randomized to start their colonoscopy in the right lateral decubitus or left lateral decubitus and it would be assessed, the time to reach transverse colon, cecum and comfort perceived by the gastroenterologist and the patient.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients scheduled for diagnostic colonoscopies in the digestive endoscopy unit. exclusion criteria: * therapeutic colonoscopies. * patients with a history of colonic resection. * patients who cannot give their informed consent. * under 18 years old. * pregnant women. * patients with significant cardiopulmonary, renal or psychiatric disease.

Keywords: colonoscopy
ccef in the treatment of acute vffs: randomized controlled trial

Conditions: Vertebral Fracture; Osteoporotic Fractures

Summary: in recent years the search for therapeutic protocols that could enhance the vffs healing, thus reducing bed rest-related complications and improving the quality of life of osteoporotic patients. in this context, biophysical stimulation with capacitively coupling electric fields (ccef) together, antiresorptive therapy, vitamin d supplementation, and analgesic drugs could play a central role. ccef is a non-invasive type of biophysical stimulation used to enhance fracture repair and spinal fusion. positive effects of ccef have been reported in osteoporotic vertebral fractures to resolve chronic pain and in postoperative pain, disability, and quality of life after spinal fusion in a preliminary observational study, piazzolla et al. showed a significantly faster vbme resolution and back pain improvement in patients suffering from vffs.

between january 2015 and december 2020, patients referring to the spine centres participating in this multicentre randomized controlled trial with acute vffs type of1 or of2 were included in the present study. ethical clearance was obtained from our centre's clinical research ethics, as per the 1964 declaration of helsinki, and all patients gave informed consent before enrolment in the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female; * years≥ 60 years old; * bmi ≤ 35 kg/cm2; * fracture site between t10 and l3; * pain at the vcf level; * low back pain onset within twenty days; * vbme\>60% in mri at baseline; * vbme in a maximum of two vertebral bodies. exclusion criteria: * posterior wall /pedicle injury; * previous vertebroplasty/ kyphoplasty; * history of spine infection or tuberculosis; * history of malignant tumours that could spread to the spine; * concomitant rheumatoid arthritis or spondylarthritis; * scoliosis ≥ 40° according to cobb; * thoracolumbar kyphosis\>20° or thoracic kyphosis\>70°; * any contraindication to mri; * use of biomedical devices.

Keywords: acute vertebral fracture vertebral fragility fracture vertebral bone marrow edema; osteoporosis osteopenia fragility fractures biophysical stimulation capacitive coupled electric fields (ccef) mri spine back pain aging
effects of dietary omega-3 fatty acids on reproductive hormones in obese women

Conditions: Obesity; Fertility

Summary: the united states has the highest prevalence of obesity among all countries surveyed in 2012 by the organization for economic cooperation and development. maternal obesity is linked with anovulation, menstrual cycle abnormalities, subfertility, fetal loss, obstetrical complications and congenital anomalies. changes in reproductive hormones and diminished oocyte quality have also been demonstrated. a gap of knowledge exists as the mechanisms underlying these harmful effects are poorly understood and no specific treatments exist. this proposal will test the hypothesis that dietary omega-3 fatty acids (fa) will improve the output of hypothalamicpituitary- ovarian axis in obese women. the investigators will perform paired assessments before and after supplementation in 10 obese and 10 normal weight women. to test the pituitary and hypothalamic output, the investigators will examine the luteinizing hormone (lh) and follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) responsiveness during frequent blood sampling. to test the corpus luteum function, the investigators will examine urinary reproductive hormones (e1c, estrone conjugates, and pregnanediol glucuronide (pdg)) over an entire menstrual cycle. the investigators ultimate goal is to collect preliminary data for an adequately powered randomized control trial.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age 18-42 at study entry 2. regular menstrual cycles every 25-40 days 3. bmi at least 30 kg/m2 (obese) or between 18.5 and 25 kg/m2 (normal) 4. good general health 5. prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) within normal laboratory ranges at screening, baseline hemoglobin \>11 gm/dl. exclusion criteria: 1. diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (by ultrasound or hyperandrogenic symptoms) 2. fish or seafood allergy or hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylactic reaction) to omega-3-acid ethyl esters or any component of the formulation 3. coagulopathy or receiving therapeutic anticoagulation (due to potential for interaction with omega-3 fa) 4. history of chronic disease affecting hormone production, metabolism or clearance (including diabetes mellitus) 5. abnormal renal or liver function at screening 6. current use of thiazolidinediones or metformin (known to interact with reproductive hormones) 7. use of hormones affecting hypothalamic output (hpo) axis (such as hormonal contraceptives) within three months of entry 8. strenuous exercise (\>4 hours of intense physical activity per week) 9. pregnancy 10. breast-feeding 11. current active attempts to conceive 12. history of significant recent weight loss or gain
correlation analysis between brain lesions and sensorimotor impairments in individuals with stroke (preliminary study)

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: the objective of the preliminary study is: 1. to identify correlations between brain lesions and sensorimotor impairments in stroke. 2. to identify possible patterns between brain lesions and sensorimotor impairments that might increase our understanding in stroke recovery and guide further tailor-based neuro-rehabilitation

the purpose of this study is to investigate arm and hand function after stroke and how the location of the brain lesion affects arm and hand function. we are hoping to collect data in the form of assessments what you feel and how your arm moves, surveys about activities in daily life and well-being, and we will perform 1 magnetic resonance imaging (mri) scan. mri scans are loud but painless; nothing is injected. with mri, we collect images from the brain.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * inclusion criteria for healthy subjects are: * medically stable; * 18 - 99 years of age; * able to hear the instructions given during the study inclusion criteria for stroke patients are: * at least 6 months post-stroke; * medically stable; * 18 - 99 years of age; * subcortical or cortical infarct confirmed with mri; * mini-mental state exam \> 24/30 (folstein et al., 1975); * able to hear the instructions given during the study; * able to comprehend the instructions given during the study; * able to commit time to participate in a 6-12-weeks rehabilitation program exclusion criteria: exclusion criteria for healthy subjects are: * having ever experienced a stroke or another brain injury or illness related to the brain that has lasting effects or effects experienced at the moment of recruitment; * severe sensory impairments such that different movements of the finger, hand or wrist are not reliably felt; * contractures in tested arm that hinder persons from keeping the outstretched arm in a relaxed position; * interfering comorbidities (e.g. fracture, cancer, peripheral neuropathy); * exhibit contra-indications to enter the magnetic field of the 3t (pacemakers, metal parts in the body etc); * pregnant or nursing mother; * adults lacking capacity to consent exclusion criteria for stroke patients are: * insular or cerebellar infarcts/brain lesions; * unilateral spatial neglect, identified by a standard neuropsychological assessment (bell's test (score/35, gauthier et al., 1989); * aphasia; * apraxia (tulia, vanbellingen et al., 2011); * severe sensory impairments such that different movements of the finger, hand or wrist are not reliably felt; * contractures in the hemiplegic arm that hinder patients from keeping the outstretched arm in a relaxed position; * interfering comorbidities (e.g. fracture, cancer, peripheral neuropathy); * patients currently receiving therapy for their hemiplegic arm, the latter in order to avoid confounding treatment effects; * exhibit contra-indications to enter the magnetic field of the 3t (pacemakers, metal parts in the body etc); * pregnant or nursing mother; * adults lacking capacity to consent