Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging in patients

Conditions: Colon Cancer; Head and Neck Cancer; Lung Cancer; Lymphoma; Malignant Neoplasm; Melanoma; Unspecified Adult Solid Tumor, Protocol Specific; Unspecified Childhood Solid Tumor, Protocol Specific

Summary: this clinical trial studies positron emission tomography (pet)/magnetic resonance imaging (mri) in patients undergoing pet/computed tomography (ct). diagnostic procedures, such as pet/mri, may help doctors diagnose cancer or help doctors predict a patient's response to treatment

primary objectives: i. to acquire pet/mri scans of 100 patients which will be compared with pet/ct scans of the same subjects. the pet/ct scans will be used to provide the gold standard for evaluating the image quality and quantitative performance of the pet/mri scans. after comparison and evaluation of the imaging capabilities and performance of the sequential pet/mri imaging system for these 100 subjects, a second cohort of hundred consecutive subjects may be necessary and again comparisons made to the current standard of pet imaging, pet/ct. this validation of the attenuation correction methods and quantitative accuracy of the pet/mri device compared to pet/ct will be a continuous iterative process that will result in optimized performance of the pet/mri and will be a key step in its becoming available to other clinical research projects both within the seidman cancer center as well as in other institutions. outline: after undergoing standard pet/ct, patients undergo pet/mri.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * only patients who are referred by their physician to have a clinical pet/ct will be eligible to participate in the study * we propose to obtain a second pet/mri on 100 patients after their clinical pet/ct imaging that spans several disease categories and includes the following cancers: lung, colon, melanoma, head/neck and lymphoma * in addition to oncology patients, we anticipate imaging a subset of non-cancer patients who will also be imaged subsequent to their clinical pet/ct who will be referrals from neurology and cardiology * all subjects will be at least 18 years old, or if under 18, parents or guardians must give consent * subjects must be stable and have experienced no adverse events from previous clinical pet/ct examination exclusion criteria: * subjects who do not meet the above inclusion criteria * subjects unwilling or unable to sign the informed consent form * subjects who are cognitively impaired and thus unable to give informed consent * subjects unable to undergo mri scanning due to exclusion via university hospital case medical center (uhcmc) mri restrictions (e.g. implanted metallic or electronic devices, hip or other joint replacements, history of kidney disease, unacceptable creatinine or glomerular filtration rate \[gfr\], etc) * patients who are pregnant
home-delivered meals for persons with dementia: which model delays nursing home placement?

Conditions: Dementia

Summary: this project is the pilot phase of a pragmatic randomized clinical trial comparing outcomes among older adults with alzheimer's disease and related dementias (adrd) receiving home-delivered meals. this pilot will test and validate vital elements and procedures including: 1) enrolling persons with adrd on meals on wheels (mow) programs' waiting lists to receive one of the two types of meals; 2) recruiting a subsample of participants and caregivers to participate in telephone interviews; 3) extracting and transferring program data to brown university; 4) linking participant data with medicare and nursing home assessment data. persons with adrd receiving meals and their caregivers will be recruited to pilot interview guides. the interviews will provide important process and mechanistic information about the experiences receiving meals and participants' outcomes.

236 individuals on the waiting list at three mow programs (neighborly senior services in clearwater, florida; visiting nurse association of texas in dallas, texas; meals on wheels - san antonio in san antonio, texas) will be randomized to one of the following modes of delivery: 1) meals that are delivered multiple times per week by a mow program volunteer or paid driver and includes socialization and a wellness check or 2) frozen meals that are mailed to participants' homes every two weeks. persons with adrd receiving meals and their caregivers will be recruited to pilot interview guides. the primary aim is to test and validate procedures to recruit participants with adrd and evaluate their outcomes in partnership with mow programs. the study also aims to characterize differences in the processes and potential mechanisms contributing to outcomes between the two modes of meal delivery among older adults with adrd. the qualitative interviews with participants and their caregivers will provide important process and mechanistic information about the experiences receiving meals and participants' outcomes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * on mow program waiting list * 66 years of age or older (to allow for medicare enrollment and a one-year baseline look-back) * self-reporting a diagnosis of memory loss, dementia, cognitive impairment, or alzheimer's disease exclusion criteria: * residing in a service area where it is not possible to receive the daily-delivered meals.

Keywords: nutrition homebound food insecurity
efficacy and safety study to compare formoterol fumerate in the pressair dpi to the foradil aerolizer in patient with mild to moderate asthma

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: the purpose of this phase ii study is to evaluate efficacy and safety of inhaled formoterol fumarate in the pressair dpi compared to the foradil aerolizer in patients with mild to moderate asthma. this study will include a screening visit followed by a 4 month treatment period.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusions: * patients with mild-to-moderate asthma for at least 6 months prior to visit 1 (as defined in the gina guidelines) which is unlikely to exacerbate during the study (e.g., due to seasonal allergen exposure). * patients must be on a stable dose of inhaled corticosteroids (ics) for at least 30 days prior to visit 1. patients on a combination of ics/laba must discontinue the use of laba and must be on a stable dose of ics for 30 days prior to visit 1. * qualifying spirometry at visit 1 demonstrates highest fev1 is ≤ 85% and ≥ 60% of predicted for age, height, and gender using nhanes iii (nhanes 2010) when bronchodilator medications have been withheld the appropriate length of time per the list of concomitant medications (appendix iii) * patient demonstrates reversibility with an increase in fev1 of 12% and 200 ml after the administration of 360 µg of albuterol. * highest pre-dose fev1 at visits 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 must be within 25% of the qualifying fev1 at visit 1 exclusions: * patients with any clinically significant respiratory conditions other than mild to moderate asthma, such as copd, active tuberculosis, or history of interstitial lung disease * patients with a severe asthma exacerbation requiring hospitalization in the previous 12 months * patient is not able to withhold use of inhaled short-acting beta-agonist (saba) for at least 6 hours prior to visit
does nipple stimulation shorten time to vaginal birth in women with term prom?

Conditions: Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes

Summary: premature rupture of membranes (prom) is defined as the rupture of membranes before the onset of regular uterine contractions. prom occurs in approximately 10% of all pregnancies (ranging from 2.7% to 17%), with 60% to 80% of cases occurring at term. approximately 90% of patients' experience prom enter spontaneous labor within 24 hours, but disagreement exists among health care providers on the optimal management of women with prom, particularly the need for and timing of inductions. nipple stimulation is a non-medical natural method for induction of labor. previous studies demonstrated its effectiveness for initiating labor within 72 hours in women with favorable cervices. the actual mechanism by which such a technique results in cervical ripening is not well understood. in this study, we aim to assess the effectiveness of nipple stimulation in gravid women with term prom choosing expectant management.

the participants in the study will be randomized into two groups of expectant management (patients desire an active approach will be excluded). all eligible participants will be randomly allocated to either intervention or control group. they will be followed from the time of presentation with rupture of membranes at the er and until the time of delivery. prophylactic antibiotics will be administered after 18 hours from rupture of membranes as per departmental policy. on admission, and after validating inclusion criteria, women will be offered to join the study. for the intervention group women will be instructed to gently massage alternate breasts, especially around the nipples for 15 minutes every 6 hours until the appearance of regular contractions but not more than 24 hours. moist cloth or lubricating or moisturizing cream will be offered to facilitate the procedure according to individual preferences. in the control group all participants will be asked to avoid any breast stimulation during the study period. for both groups maternal surveillance will include obstetrician assessment every 6 hours or per maternal request if painful contractions. every assessment will include documenting maternal vital signs, sense of contraction, fetal cardiotocographic assessment and vaginal examination if painful contractions. after delivery,all participants will be requested to fill a satisfaction questionnaire.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * primagravidas at term (\>37) weeks having prom * singleton pregnancies * cephalic presentation * unfavorable cervix (bishop score \<7) * desire an expectant management exclusion criteria: * prior cesarean section/ uterine rupture / transmural uterine incision * non reassuring fetal heart rate monitoring (category iii) * signs of fetal or maternal infection * time elapsed since prom \> 6 hours * meconium or blood-stained amniotic fluid * any contraindication for vaginal birth
analysis of melanocytes (pigment cells) in sun-exposed skin

Conditions: Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell

Summary: the purpose of this study is to estimate and define the mean number, degree of confluence, and depth of penetration of melanocytes in chronically sun exposed skin of the head and neck using mart-1 immunostains on frozen sections. the study was conducted to confirm whether similar results were found using permanent sections. the present study used hematoxaline and eosin (h\&e) staining as well as mart-1 staining, and included patients from both mayo clinic jacksonville and rochester.

for each study participant we recorded their age, sex, state they lived in, tumor type, tumor location, recent sun exposure (during the two weeks prior to the surgery), whether or not a follicle was present on the slide, and if so the follicular extension (mm) from the granular layer, presence of atypia, nesting, pagetoid spread. two slides were obtained; one stained with mart-1; the other with h\&e. for both, melanocyte counts per high power field (400 x hpf magnification) were obtained in three locations of the slide. the mean of the 3 counts was used for analysis, though the individual counts were considered in some data summaries (see below). classification of photo-aging according to the glogau scale was noted by the surgeon as type1: "no wrinkles"; type ii "wrinkles in motion"; type iii "wrinkles at rest" and type iv "only wrinkles." confluence was categorized by the number of adjacent melanocytes as none, mild (2 side-by-side), moderate (3-6), or severe (7 or more).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants undergoing mohs and reconstructive surgery for basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma of the face and neck exclusion criteria: * participants with a history of radiation to the head and neck were excluded.

Keywords: melanocytes
comparing two different emotion therapies for autistic youth and young adults

Conditions: Autism Spectrum Disorder

Summary: too few clinicians are able and willing to help autistic patients. a recent review identified challenges to mental health service delivery in autism, including a lack of interventions designed for community implementation and limited workforce capacity. it has been argued that improving impairment in emotion regulation has the potential to improve a range of mental health difficulties in autistic people. in this clinical trial, the investigators are comparing two evidence-based interventions for emotion regulation, to determine if one created specifically for autistic people is clinically superior. the interventions will be implemented in the community, through partnering agencies.

this study will compare the effectiveness of two transdiagnostic interventions for autistic adolescents and young adults - an intervention in widespread use among non-autistic populations (the unified protocol; up) versus an autism-specific intervention (the emotion awareness and skills enhancement program; ease). the up and ease are ideal comparators because they are structurally equivalent and transdiagnostic - both shown to improve mental health outcomes that stakeholders identify as important, such as depression, irritability, and anxiety. the investigators will partner with 10 different community clinics in pennsylvania and alabama to recruit participants and facilitate the interventions. each clinic will be randomized to use either up or ease. the investigators will look at effectiveness of the treatments, as well as the feasibility, benefits and harms.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * professional diagnosis of asd * a score in the clinical range on the edi-reactivity or edi-dysphoria scale based on caregiver report or self-report * the study is open to people with a range of communication abilities. participants must be able to consent to the study themselves and answer questions about themselves. * participants need to have a support person that could answer questions about them too. this could be a parent, caregiver, family member, partner or friend. * participants must live in alabama or pennsylvania. exclusion criteria: - higher level of care is needed (imminent suicide / homicide threat, acute psychosis, mania)
effects of dietary ingredients on vascular function

Conditions: Vascular Diseases; Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Summary: the main aim of the study is to investigate the effects of dietary ingredients (polyphenols and carotenoids) on vascular function during acute glucose load. each subject will receive 4 weeks of intervention with test product or placebo product after a dietary restriction run-in period of 14 days. subjects will be challenged with an oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt) immediately after the run-in phase and at the end of the intervention phase. during the ogtt, blood samples will be taken at regular intervals. the study will be conducted in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males or females confirmed with igt; * age ≥ 35 and ≤ 65 year at screening; * body mass index (bmi) \> 25 and \<40 kg/m2; * reported intense sporting activities ≤ 10h/w; * reported alcohol consumption ≤ 14 units/week (female volunteers) or ≤ 21 units/week (male volunteers) * currently not smoking and being a non-smoker for at least six months exclusion criteria: * any medical condition or use of over-the-counter and prescribed medication which might affect study measurement (judged by the study physician); * no reported participation in another nutritional or biomedical trial 3 months before screening; * reported weight loss or gain of 10% or more during a period of 6 months prior to screening; * anti-hyperglycemic drug or other medication which interferes with study measurements; * no blood donation 1 month prior to screening; * reported allergy or intolerance to test products or other food products provided during the study;

Keywords: vascular function dietary ingredients acute glucose load oxidative stress
gathering records to evaluate antiretroviral treatment-malawi ( great )

Conditions: HIV

Summary: to achieve global goals for the treatment of hiv, most high-prevalence countries are experimenting with and scaling up differentiated service delivery models (dsd). a handful of efforts have been formally described and evaluated in the literature; many others are being implemented formally or informally under routine care, without a research or evaluation goal. for most countries, however, we have little evidence on the big picture-the proportion of clinics offering alternative models, eligibility criteria and the proportion of patients considered eligible, the number of patients actually participating, health outcomes such as viral suppression, empirical resource utilization compared to traditional care, variations among the models, duration of patient participation, fidelity to model guidelines, effects on clinic efficiency, and sustainability without external donor support. ambit is a set of data synthesis, data collection, and data analysis activities aimed at generating information for near- and long-term decision making and creating an approach and platform for ongoing evaluation of differentiated models of hiv treatment delivery in the future. the project will collect and analyze a wide range of existing data sets pertinent to dsd. this protocol is for an analysis of existing medical record data collected by the ministry of health, implementing partners, and other completed, ongoing, or new evaluations, trials, and observational studies. outcomes to be reported include coverage/uptake of dsd, patients' outcomes, and distribution of each model. there will be no study interaction with individual patients, providers, caregivers, or others for this analysis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ≥ 15 years old * patients accessing care for hiv within the data collection period * in any hiv transmission risk group exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: hiv malawi differentiated service delivery antiretroviral therapy
a comparison of the rps adeno detector iv to viral cell culture at detecting adenoviral conjunctivitis

Conditions: Conjunctivitis

Summary: to engage in a multi-center, prospective, masked clinical trial to investigate a non-invasive, rapid diagnostic test, the rps adeno detector iv's ability to detect the presence of the adenovirus (adv) antigen in cases of acute conjunctivitis by comparing it to cell culture with confirmatory immunofluorescence (cc-ifa). the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) will be used as a referee for discrepant cases.

the rps adeno detector iv will show substantial equivalence to cell culture for diagnosing adenoviral conjunctivitis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a total of 150 patients will be enrolled and who present prospectively to either a private practice or academic center with a presumed diagnosis of acute viral conjunctivitis while an internal review board (irb) approved ophthalmologist is available and determined by the ophthalmologist to have met the following criteria for the clinical diagnosis of acute viral conjunctivitis will be included in the study. * criteria for clinical diagnosis of viral conjunctivitis. requires that patients are at least 1 month old and present within 7 days of developing a red eye with at least 1 criteria from each of the 3 categories below: i history: 1) spread from 1 eye to the other several days later, 2) a recent history of an upper respiratory infection (uri) ii signs: 1) presence of follicles, 2) presence of a preauricular node iii symptoms: 1) watery - purulent discharge, 2) eyelash matting, 3) itching, or 4) foreign body sensation exclusion criteria: * patients with allergy to corn starch, talcum powder, or dacron will be excluded. * patients with a corneal ulcer or history of recent trauma will also be excluded. * any patients who are using any topical ointment (including otc artificial tear ointments) in the last 72 hours should be excluded. * patients using other topical ophthalmic medications (i.e. antibiotics) must allow 60 minutes prior to device application following any topical ophthalmic drops.

Keywords: pink eye, viral conjunctivitis adenoviral conjunctivitis keratoconjunctivitis
app-based mindfulness intervention for the improvement of quality of life in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer

Conditions: Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma; Stage IV Renal Cell Cancer AJCC v8

Summary: this trial tests the feasibility of an application (app)-based mindfulness intervention and its effect on improving quality of life in patients with renal cell cancer that has spread to other places in the body (metastatic). this trial aims to see whether an app-based mindfulness intervention may help patients cope with their disease.

primary objectives: i. to assess feasibility of the am mindfulness app in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mrcc) patients, with respect to accrual, adherence and engagement in program. ii. to assess preliminary effects of app-based mindfulness intervention in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mrcc) (the am mindfulness-based cancer survivorship \[mbcs\] journey), on psychosocial outcomes (e.g., anxiety, distress, fear of cancer recurrence), as well as overall quality of life (qol) and fatigue, among patients with mrcc. outline: patients participate in a mindfulness-based program by using the am app for 20-30 minutes every day, a minimum of 4 days each week over 4 weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * sufficiently fluent in english * cytologically or pathologically verified diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (rcc) * evidence of metastatic disease (including at a minimum computed tomography \[ct\] of the chest, abdomen and pelvis for staging) * undergoing immunotherapy * a "moderate" or greater fear of cancer progression, as demonstrated by an fear of cancer recurrence-7 (fcr-7) score of \>= 17 * a fear of cancer progression, as demonstrated by a patient reported outcomes measurement information system (promis)-anxiety score \>= 13 * have smart phone with internet access * not suffering from current major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder or other psychiatric disorder * not currently engaging in meditation one or more times per week within the previous year * has not participated in an mindfulness-based cancer recovery (mbcr) or mindfulness-based stress reduction (mbsr) program in the past 5 years