Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
rational approach to a unilateral pleural effusion2

Conditions: Lung Neoplasms

Summary: recurrent unilateral, non-infectious pleural exudate is suspicious for primary or secondary pleural malignancy. both conditions are associated with 5-year survival of 10%. work-up is difficult, as the pleural surface is large and \<33% of pleural malignancies shed malignant cells to the pleural fluid. even so, additional tissue biopsies are needed for establishing mutation status for targeted therapies. optimal imaging to guide tissue sampling is pivotal. pet-ct has higher sensitivity than conventional ct for detecting malignant lesions \>10mm. however, no randomised trial has investigated differences in diagnostic accuracy, time-to-diagnosis, or economics. falsely pet-positive lesions in e.g. colon however, lead to more derived tests than do ct alone. gold standard for pleural tissue sampling is the surgical (vats) thoracoscopy, allowing direct visual guiding of tissue sampling from all pleural surfaces. yet, globally the medical (pleuroscopy) thoracoscopy is more widely used: cheaper, outpatient procedure, but allows only sampling from the parietal pleura. to date, no randomised studies have compared medical and surgical thoracoscopy concerning diagnostic hit rates, adverse events, or economics. the investigators will perform two randomized studies to investigate whether 1. pet/ct is comparable to ct alone 2. vats is comparable to pleuroscopy concerning hit rate, total investigations performed, time-to-diagnosis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients with recurrent pleural effusion of unknown origin after a first pleural tap according to bts guidelines. 2. indication for thoracoscopy according to bts guidelines. 3. patients accept further investigation according to danish and bts guidelines. 4. have received oral and written consent and agreed. 5. at the time of inclusion, above 18 years of age. exclusion criteria: 1. female patients: pregnancy or breastfeeding. 2. lack of language comprehension. 3. legally incompetent patients. 4. life expectancy less than 3 month. 5. contraindications to pleural tissue sampling.

Keywords: thoracoscopy
blind fascia iliaca compartment block compared to ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block in patients with hip fractures

Conditions: Hip Fractures

Summary: the goal of this study is to compare the analgesic effect of a blind fascia iliaca compartment block to an ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block in patients that present to the emergency department with hip fractures.

hip fractures often present to the emergency department and elderly, already fragile, patients are overrepresented. the pain associated with a hip fracture can be severe and have deleterious effects on the patient. many studies, and a cochrane review, have shown that a peripheral nerve block provides good pain relief and has many benefits compared to traditional pain relief, such as intravenous morphine. there is less consensus regarding which kind of nerve block, and which technique, is best to use. many studies compared different kinds of nerve blocks to traditional methods, or more recently compared different kinds of ultrasound-guided techniques to each other. this study proposes to compare the widely used technique of a blind fascia iliaca compartment block (ficb) to an ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block (fnb) that is currently being rolled out locally as an alternative. during the implementation period of this new clinical routine, it will be possible to compare the efficacy of ficb and fnb in reducing participant-reported pain.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult emergency department patient over 18 years of age with a radiologically verified fracture classified as hip fracture that are eligible for a peripheral nerve block according to local guidelines exclusion criteria: * multi-system trauma * isolated pelvic or diaphyseal femur fracture * patients unable to communicate regardless of reason * patients with contraindications to receiving a peripheral nerve block with an amide local anaesthetic according to local guidelines
computer-aided detection of colorectal polyps

Conditions: Adenoma Colon; Polyp of Colon

Summary: in this observational pilot study, we assess the diagnostic performance of an artificial intelligence sytem for automated detection of colorectal polyps.

during standard colonoscopy, a substantial number of colorectal polyps can be missend. as shown in a recent meta-analysis, miss rates for adenomas can reach up to 26%. in this study, it is tested whether an artificial intelligence system that highlights colorectal polyps during screening or surveillance colonoscopy in real time can lead to an increased detection of colorectal polyps during the examination.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * screening or surveillance colonoscopy exclusion criteria: * known or suspected inflammatory bowel disease * uncontrolled coagulopathy * known polyps or referral for polypectomy

Keywords: colonoscopy endoscopy adenoma detection polyp detection artificial intelligence
a pilot study examining a reinforcement approach to improve diabetes management

Conditions: Type 1 Diabetes

Summary: glucose control is necessary to avoid the immediate and long-term adverse effects associated with type 1 diabetes, and frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose is the first important step to achieving glucose control. data suggest that large proportions of adolescents and young adults fail to adhere to standard guidelines of self-monitored of blood glucose testing and have hemoglobin a1c levels \>7.5%. a finite period of poor metabolic control can lead to increased risk of medical complications over an individual's lifespan, necessitating novel interventions to improve self-monitored blood glucose testing and metabolic control in emerging adults with type 1 diabetes. the investigators treatment approach, which provides direct tangible reinforcement for objective evidence of behavior change, is efficacious in decreasing substance use, reducing weight, and improving medication adherence. the purpose of this project is to develop and pilot test an intervention based on behavioral economic principles for improving self-monitored blood glucose testing in young persons with type 1 diabetes. in this pilot study, patients will text in, via cell phones, each time they test, and a return text will inform them of reinforcer vouchers earned. the investigators will collect data on self-monitored blood glucose testing frequency and a1c levels preceding treatment initiation and throughout a 6 month treatment period. if promising, a randomized trial will lead to larger scale evaluations of reinforcement interventions alone, or in combination with multimodal treatment approaches, and it may be applied to other clinical issues such as adherence to continuous glucose monitoring. importantly, this intervention can be administered remotely and in an automated fashion, allowing for widespread adoption if efficacious.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 15-21 years old * diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (t1d) \>12 months via ada guidelines (silverstein et al., 2005) * average a1c \>7.5% and \ 7.5% but \<11% * smbg user with clinical recommendations to test \>4 times/day * past month smbg \<4 times/ day on average * english speaking and able to read at \>5th grade level exclusion criteria: * have a major psychiatric or neurocognitive disorder that would inhibit participation * have a major visual impairment * meet dsm-iv criteria for pathological gambling * have a significant other medical condition that impacts diabetes management * plan to switch insulin delivery mode (injection to pump or vice versa) in the next 12 months, or have recently switched * are pregnant or trying to become pregnant * are participating in another clinical trial
clinical equivalence of budesonide hfa mdi versus budesonide turbuhaler in mild to moderate chinese asthma patients

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of budesonide hfa mdi 200 mcg 2 puffs bid versus budesonide dpi (turbuhaler) 100 mcg 4 puffs bid in chinese mild to moderate asthma patients.

a total of 270 chinese mild to moderate asthma patients will be enrolled and 230 will be completed in this multi-center, randomized, single blind, parallel efficacy and safety comparison study of budesonide hfa mdi 200 mcg 2 puffs bid versus budesonide dpi (turbuhaler) 100 mcg 4 puffs bid.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 to 70 years old and diagnosed as asthma in clinics * diagnosed as asthma according to the 2016 asthma guidance of chinese thoracic society, and without administer corticosteroids within three months, either new or old patients * fev1 predicted ≧ 60% * patients is willing to participate the study and signed the informed consent form exclusion criteria: * allergy to budesonide or salbutamol * infections of respiratory tract, nasal-sinus and ear within 4 weeks before enrollment * severe nasal allergy and need the treatment of corticostreoids and histamines. * severe cardiovascular disease history * has used leukotriene receptor antagonist (montelukast, pranlukast, zafirlukast etc.) within 2 weeks before enrollment * severe cognition or mental disorder and can not cooperation with the treatment * significant liver dysfunction, ast, alt \> 3 x normal upper limits, cr \> 1.5 x normal upper limits * patients with uncontrolled diabetes or fasting blood glucose \> 10 mmol/l * patients currently receiving beta-antagonists or beta-agonists treatment (including eye drops) * patients who has contraindications to beta2-agonists * patients who has participated others drug's clinical study within three months * female patients who are pregnant or lactation or prepare to pregnant * any conditions which the investigators considered not suitable to enrolled

Keywords: budesonide mdi dpi china asthma
efficacy and safety of a generic rosuvastatin in a real-world setting

Conditions: Primary Hypercholesterolemia

Summary: this study assessed the safety and efficacy of generic rosuvastatin in reducing plasma low density lipoprotein (ldl) cholesterol in lebanese adult patients (18 years or older) with dyslipidemia for both primary and secondary prevention based on their total cardiovascular risk. no visits or interventions, additional to the routine clinical practice, were requested or performed.

an observational, multicenter, prospective study of lebanese adult (18 years or older) hypercholesterolemic patients administered generic rosuvastatin (superstat®). eligible newly diagnosed hypercholesterolemic patients took generic rosuvastatin as prescribed by their treating physician. assigning patients to generic rosuvastatin was decided within the current practice and medical indication and was independent from the recruitment into the study. patients were followed-up at the clinic as per the standard practice of care. each patient was followed-up for a period of 2 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males and females ≥ 18 years of age * patients with dyslipidemia requiring statin therapy according to cv risk factors as per the esc/eas 2011 guidelines for primary or secondary prevention * patients provided written informed consent exclusion criteria: * age \<18 years * statin use in the past 3 months * any contraindication to hmg-coa reductase inhibitors * co-administration of non-statin lipid lowering agent (ezitimibe, fibrates, niacin, omega 3) * conditions which may cause secondary dyslipidemia * any of the following abnormal laboratory tests: tg level of \> 400 mg/dl, abnormal liver enzymes (ast or alt) ≥ 3 uln, abnormal serum creatine kinase (ck) \> 5 uln

Keywords: superstat rosuvastatin statins ldl-c cholesterol hypercholesterolemia dyslipidemia coronary artery disease cardiovascular disease
treatment of multiple gingival recessions

Conditions: Gingival Recession

Summary: gingival recession (gr) is frequently associated with deterioration in dental esthetics and dental hypersensitivity. outcomes from recent systematic reviews have demonstrated that when the root is covered and the gain in the width of keratinized tissue (kt) is expected, the use of subepithelial connective tissue grafts (sctgs) associated with coronally advanced flaps (caf) appears to be more predictable, and may be considered the gold standard procedure. however, the sctgs may increase patients' morbidity (e.g., pain). this occurs because of the need for a donor surgical area, which may increase the risk of surgical complications like bleeding, as well as increases post-operative discomfort and the period of the surgical procedure. another biomaterial, a new collagen matrix (cm) has been used as a substitute for the sctg. the use of cm was associated with a significant reduction in post-operative morbidity, less post-operative pain and discomfort in the patient, and more esthetic satisfaction.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patients will be included in the study if they fulfill the following inclusion criteria: 1. a clinical diagnosis of multiple-recession type defects at maxillary canines and premolars with at least one gr ≥ 3mm in depth; 2. areas of miller's class i or ii gr; 3. teeth without root abrasions or caries. exclusion criteria: - the exclusion criteria used will be as follows: * patients allergic to collagen * a history of smoking (within the previous 6 months) * pregnancy or lactation * a history of destructive periodontal disease or the formation of recurrent abscesses * root caries at the site of recession * previous surgical root coverage procedures * systemic healing disorders (for example, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome \[aids\], diabetes mellitus or risk factors evaluated by a medical doctor) * periodontal disease, or poor plaque control (full mouth plaque index \> 20%). the exclusion criteria for teeth will be: 1. noncarious cervical lesions (erosion, abfraction etc.) 2. any type of previous cervical restoration 3. extrusion 4. giroversion 5. mobility 6. a prominent root surface.

Keywords: root coverage gingival recession plastic surgery connective tissue graft mucograft
evaluation of efficacy of photodynamic therapy in basal cell carcinoma with 6 months follow-up

Conditions: Basal Cell Carcinoma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (pdt)in treatment of basal cell carcinoma (bcc) and recurrence rate after 6 months.

background and aim: basal cell carcinoma (bcc) is the most common skin cancer .photodynamic therapy _as a novel , non-invasive therapeutic approach _may be considered a valuable strategy. this study was designed with the aim of the evaluation of efficacy of pdt in treatment of bcc and recurrence rate after 6 months . materials and methods: this was a clinical trial which was done on 28 bccs. patients were treated with ala-pdt monthly for 1-6 sessions and evaluated for clinical response,cosmetic results,recurrence rate and probable side effects.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically proven bccs exclusion criteria: * rodent ulcer * morphea type * ana + * history of photosensitivity or photodermatosis or ingestion of phototoxic drugs during last month * pregnancy * breast feeding * age\< 18 * history of another therapeutic intervention for bcc during last 6 months

Keywords: basal cell carcinoma photodynamic therapy photo chemotherapy basal cell epithelioma
cast sores with waterproof vs. standard cast padding

Conditions: Pressure Ulcer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare waterproof cast padding material to standard cotton/poly-cotton cast padding material to the presence or absence of cast sores of the heel.

cast sores result in pain, scarring and sometimes disfigurement. no study has specifically evaluated the efficacy of waterproof cast padding with respect to preventing lower extremity cast sores. comparison: non-blinded randomization to waterproof or cotton/cotton-poly cast padding material in a pediatric population who have lower extremity casts that include the foot and are applied in the operating room. comparison of cast sore incidence will be made in the two randomized groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient at shriners hospital for children - honolulu * ages 0-18 * short leg, long leg, spica or petrie cast that includes the foot * cast applied in the operating room exclusion criteria: * ponsetti casts (club foot casts with no more surgery than achilles tenotomy, age \< 1 year) * splints * cylinder casts or spicas which don't include the foot

Keywords: pressure ulcer waterproof gortex cast padding pediatric heel
neurobiology of eating disorders treatments

Conditions: Anorexia Nervosa; Bulimia Nervosa

Summary: background. treatments of eating disorders result too often in partial psychological and physical remission, chronic course, dropout, relapse and death, with no fully known explanations for this failure. in order to clarify this problem, we conducted a three branches study to identify the biochemical background of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy (cbt), individual psychology brief psychotherapy (ibpp), and psychotherapy-pharmacotherapy with cbt+olanzapine in anorexics (an) and bulimics (bn) by measuring the levels of plasma homovanillic acid (hva) for dopamine secretion, plasma 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol (mhpg) for noradrenalin secretion, and platelet \[3 hydrogen\]-paroxetine-binding bmax and kd for serotonin transporter function. the data were then compared with psychopathological and physical alterations. methods. branch 1 investigated the effects of 4 months of cbt on plasma hva, mhpg and \[3 hydrogen\]-par-binding in 14 an-restricted, 14 an-bingeing/purging, and 22 bn inpatients. branch 2 investigated the effects of 4 months of ibpp on plasma hva in 15 an and 17 bn outpatients. branch 3 investigated the effect of 3 months of cbt+olanzapine (5 mg/day) in 30 an outpatients. the data are analyzed using one-way anova for repeated measures for the changes between basal and post-treatment biological and psychological parameters, two-way anova for repeated measures for the differences in the psychobiological data in the 3 groups, spearman's test for the correlations between basal and final changes in the psychological and biological scores.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * eating disorders full diagnosis according to diagnostic and statistical manual (dsm-iv) * age between 15 and 35 * female gender exclusion criteria: * associated major psychiatric problems * mental retardation
real-world effectiveness of palbociclib in combination with an aromatase inhibitor

Conditions: Metastatic Breast Cancer

Summary: a retrospective study of de-identified (to preserve patient privacy) patient information from the flatiron health analytic database to compare effectiveness (i.e., overall survival) of first line palbociclib + aromatase inhibitor (ai) versus ai alone treatment in postmenopausal women or men with hormone receptor positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (hr+/her2-) metastatic breast cancer (mbc) in the united states clinical practices.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed hr+/her2- status after mbc diagnosis. * received palbociclib + ai or ai as first-line therapy exclusion criteria: * evidence of prior treatment with other cdk4/6i, ai, tamoxifen, raloxifene, toremifene, or fulvestrant for mbc * first structured activity greater than 90 days after mbc diagnostic date * treatment with a cdk4/6 inhibitor as part of a clinical trial

Keywords: cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6i (cdk4/6i)
metformin in non small cell lung cancer (nsclc)

Conditions: Lung Cancer

Summary: the goal of this clinical research study is to learn if giving metformin in combination with radiation therapy is more effective than radiation therapy alone. in this study, participants will receive either metformin or a placebo. a placebo is not a drug. it looks like the study drug but is not designed to treat any disease or illness. it is designed to be compared with a study drug to learn if the study drug has any real effect. this is an investigational study. metformin is fda approved for the treatment of diabetes. its use in this study to be given with radiation therapy to treat lung cancer is investigational. the study doctor can explain how the study drug is designed to work. up to 70 participants will be enrolled in this study. all will take part at md anderson.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients with pathologic diagnosis of lung nsclc or squamous cell carcinoma. 2. patients are to be treated with hypofractionated rt. 3. patient is not a surgical candidate due to medical comorbidities determined by a thoracic surgeon or patient refusal 4. patient plans to receive treatment at md anderson 5. patients must sign informed consent 6. patient must have adequate renal function within 30 days prior to registration, defined as serum creatinine within normal institutional limits or creatinine clearance at least 60 ml/min exclusion criteria: 1. patient has: random glucose \>200 mg/dl or is taking an oral hypoglycemic agent or insulin at the time of study entry 2. patient has a history of lactic acidosis, chronic kidney disease or a creatinine \>/= 1.2 mg/dl 3. women who are pregnant or breast feeding, as treatment involves unforeseeable risks to the participant, embryo, fetus, or nursing infant 4. patients with history of allergic reaction to metformin

Keywords: lung cancer non small cell lung cancer stereotactic body radiotherapy sbrt xrt radiation therapy metformin metformin er placebo sugar pill lung adenocarcinoma genotypes genetic mutations