Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
locally applied antibiotics for infection prophylaxis in treatment of open fractures

Conditions: Fractures, Open

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of local antibiotic versus placebo in the prevention of infections in open fractures. the study will assess whether local treatment of open fractures with the antibiotic tobramycin (in addition to standard systemic antibiotics) will decrease the risk and rate of infection, and rate of re-operation. this will be studied using a randomized controlled clinical trial design in adult population of age 18-70 years who present with open fractures. about 133 subjects will be recruited in this study at uva.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ages 18 - 70 years * gustilo type i,ii,iiia open fracture (s) * ability to provide informed consent (or proxy consent in cases where subject is temporarily impaired when intubated and sedated) * subject should be able to follow up at the scheduled times following surgery * subjects who may have compartment syndrome, renal insufficiency, and those who are immunosuppressed regardless of antibiotic administration will also be included in the study exclusion criteria: * closed fracture * severe injury requiring flap coverage or vascular reconstruction (gustilo-anderson type iiib and c respectively) * aminoglycoside allergy * presentation greater than 48 hours after injury * pathologic fracture * preexisting infection in bone with an open fracture * patients with multiple trauma involving liver, kidney, or brain * pregnancy (self-reported) * current status as prisoner
three-dimensional kinematic motion analysis of finger and wrist during daily activities

Conditions: Hand Injuries

Summary: development of reliable and objective evaluation methods is required for natural upper-extremity tasks. three-dimensional imaging measurement techniques are a powerful tool for quantitative assessment of multijoint movements.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * volunteers of 20 healthy, right dominant hands * 10 patients with tendon pathologies * 10 patients with dupuytren disease * 10 patients with osteoarthritis of the wrist * patients older than 18 years * patient willing and able to give written informed consent to participate in the study exclusion criteria: * inflammatory disease (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis) * pregnant women * german language barrier to complete the questionnaires * any disease process that would preclude accurate evaluation (e.g. neuromuscular, psychiatric or metabolic disorder) * legal incompetence * participation in any other medical device or medicinal product study within the previous months that could influence the results of the present study

Keywords: kinematics activity of daily living 3d motion analysis
evaluating the effect of fumaria parviflora l. in uremic pruritus

Conditions: End-Stage Renal Disease; Pruritus

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether fumaria parviflora l. can minimize severity of pruritus in patients with end-stage renal disease.

uremic pruritus is still a common complication in end-stage renal disease patients. the pathogenesis of uremic pruritus is unknown, therefore treatments are ineffective. according to several studies uremic pruritus is not an isolated skin disease. it seems to be a systemic inflammatory disease with a deranged balance of t helper cell differentiation. in this study investigators considered to evaluate effect of fumaria parviflora l. in uremic pruritus by a double blind placebo control clinical trial. it is hypothesized that oral fumaria parviflora l. may minimize uremic pruritus by decreasing serum interferon gamma (ifn-γ) and high-sensitive c reactive protein (hs-crp).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hemodialysis patients * suffering from pruritus for at least 6 weeks * have not responded to other drugs * visual analogue scale (vas) equal or more than 4 exclusion criteria: * liver disease * respiratory disease * dermatological disease * hemoglobin less than 10 * cholestasis * malignancies

Keywords: pruritus end-stage renal disease
a study to evaluate the use of an indwelling catheter to obtain cerebrospinal fluid (csf) by low-rate continuous sampling (mk-0000-211)

Conditions: Alzheimer's Disease

Summary: this is a study to evaluate the feasibility and tolerability of low-rate continuous cerebrospinal fluid (csf) sampling and to estimate the number of participants who exhibit severe baseline instability of csf amyloid beta isoform aß40 concentrations in healthy participants.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * must be in good health * must have a body mass index greater than or equal to 18 kg/m\^2 and less than or equal to 30 kg/m\^2 exclusion criteria: * is pregnant, nursing, or plans to become pregnant * has clinically significant cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, gastrointestinal (gi), neurological, endocrine, hematological, dermatological or metabolic disease, or clinically significant abnormalities, as determined by medical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram, vital signs, or laboratory tests * has a history of migraine headaches * has a history of recent lumbar csf sampling within 3 weeks prior to screening, history of lumbar spine surgery, or chronic low back pain or injury * has an infection or inflammation of the skin in or in close proximity to the area of the lumbar puncture site * has a history of a seizure disorder * is noted to have papilledema or clinically significant focal neurological deficits at the screening physical examination, as well as abnormalities of csf pressure on initial testing once access to the lumbar space is achieved * has absolute or relative anatomic abnormalities that would be a contraindication to lumbar puncture * is a heavy consumer of alcohol * has used nicotine in the past 6 months * has a history of a significant psychiatric disorder
contrastive study for minimally invasive cholecystolithotomy with gallbladder reservation and laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Conditions: Gallstones

Summary: to explore the therapeutic effects for treatment of cholecystolithiasis by minimally invasive cholecystolithotomy with gallbladder reservation and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. method： patients with cholecystolithiasis who received minimally invasive cholecystolithotomy with gallbladder reservation and patients with cholecystolithiasis who received laparoscopic cholecystectomy(lc) in the affiliated hospital of guiyang medical college from may 2011 to december 2013. patients who received minimally invasive cholecystolithotomy with gallbladder reservation as trial group, patients who received lc as control group.the overall follow-up period is 1 year. then the investigators statistically analyze improvement of cholecystolithiasis symptoms in every group, thickness of gall bladder wall, the gallbladder function and the rate of the recurrence of cholesterol gallstone in trial group.

the investigators prospect： minimally invasive cholecystolithotomy with gallbladder reservation is meaningful for recovering the function of gallbladder.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of calculous cholecystitis. exclusion criteria: * gallbladder's wall \>3mm, atrophied gallbladder,gallstone obstruct the hartmann's pouch. * abdominal ultrasound display the contractibility of gallbladder is poor. * the aged patients with bad heart and lung function. * patients who has acute cholecystitis,pancreatitis,pancreaticobiliary diseases, especially choledocholithiasis. * pregnant or lactational women.

Keywords: cholecystolithotomy with gallbladder reservation cholecystolithiasis
impact of bismuth subsalicylate on antimicrobial use among adult diarrhea outpatients--pakistan

Conditions: Diarrhea

Summary: the purpose of this study is to learn whether bismuth subsalicylate can reduce use of antibiotics among adults with diarrhea in pakistan.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * persons aged 15 - 65 years old * presenting with mild to moderate, non-bloody, acute diarrhea (≥3 loose stools/day for \<3 days) to participating health care settings * for whom the study physicians recommend antimicrobial treatment exclusion criteria: * is pregnant * requires hospitalization * has signs or symptoms of septicemia * has a primary complaint of another acute illness * has a serious chronic illness * has an allergy to aspirin * has been exposed to antimicrobial or antidiarrheal medications within 72 hours of enrollment * previously enrolled in study

Keywords: diarrhea gastroenteritis antimicrobial drug resistance antimicrobial agents pakistan ambulatory care bismuth
patient characteristics, treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with severe asthma treated with tezepelumab in the real world; a retrospective, observational medical chart review conducted in uk severe asthma centres

Conditions: Severe Asthma

Summary: this is a retrospective, observational chart review that will include patients with severe asthma (sa) who have participated in the tezepelumab patient access programme (tpap). electronic case report forms (ecrfs) will be used for data abstraction of clinical information from the health records of patients enrolled in the tpap from up to eleven nhs trusts. approximately 350 patients with an index date (defined as the date of administration of the first dose of tezepelumab) between 1st january 2023 and 19th july 2023 (patients enrolled in the patient access programme), and between 20th july 2023 and 31st march 2024 (patients receiving tezepelumab in routine care), and meet the study eligibility criteria will be included in the study. participation in the study does not affect the patients' treatment decisions since all data will be collected retrospectively from medical records. key study definitions include: * index date - the date of tezepelumab initiation (i.e., the date of first dose). * pre-index period - defined as any time prior to tezepelumab initiation * baseline period - defined as the 52 weeks prior to the index date * outcomes period - defined as the 52 weeks post-index date. patients will be followed up from their index date until the first of the following events (whichever is first): reach 52 weeks post-index, they switch to a different biologic treatment, die, or are otherwise lost to follow-up.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who received their first dose of tezepelumab between 1st january 2023 and 19th july 2023 (tpap cohort) or between 20th july 2023 and 31st march 2024 (post-tpap cohort) * patients aged ≥18 years at index exclusion criteria: * patients who received any biologic drug for the treatment of asthma in a clinical trial at any time during the 52 weeks prior to the index date.
nitric oxide during cpb to reduce aki in neonates

Conditions: Congenital Heart Disease; Acute Kidney Injury

Summary: this is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study to investigate whether supplemental nitric oxide (no) gas delivered during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (cpb) reduces the incidence and impact of acute kidney injury (aki) in neonates undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease (chd), when compared to placebo gas

screening: all patients undergoing either elective or emergency cardiac surgery will be screened against the eligibility criteria. research sample collection: blood and urine will be collected for the first 48 hours admission and analyzed. the specific time points for these parameters will be: 2 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours 24 hours, and 48 hours post admission. blood and urine parameters will also be collected as a baseline pre-operative. patient outcomes will be captured for 30 days post operatively. research data collection: baseline information will be collected. other research related variables collected during the surgical intervention and bypass. additional information will be collected 2 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours after admission as well as outcomes 30 days after the procedure. participants will be randomly allocated to the no or control group in a 1:1 ratio. this study is investigating a possible protective role for no gas administration during bypass on the subsequent development of aki. no is typically delivered via large, stand-alone cylinders that are placed at the bedside (or adjacent to the patient) and is set up by respiratory therapists. in this research study, the study gas (no or placebo) will be delivered directly into the bypass circuit at a constant gas flow. the placebo gas in this study will be 21% (or atmospheric) oxygen, and will appear to all members of the clinical and research teams (with the exception of the respiratory therapist responsible for setting it up) indistinguishable from no, rendering this a double-blind study for the patient (or caregiver) and the investigators. this minimizes any possibility of bias in the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: \</= 30 days * gestational age: 38 weeks * diagnosis: congenital heart disease (chd) * planned surgery to include cardiopulmonary bypass (cpb )for underlying chd * consent of parent/guardian exclusion criteria: * currently receiving or has received inhaled nitric oxide (no) or other nitrogen donors such as sildenafil or nitroprusside * pre-existing acute kidney injury (aki) as per the akin criteria; * cardiac arrest within one week prior consent; * prior cardiac surgery with cpb procedure; * prior history of extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) * use of another investigational drug.

Keywords: congenital heart disease chd acute kidney injury aki cardiopulmonary bypass cpb cardiac surgery neonate infant nitric oxide no gestational age
the effect of odors on asthma symptoms

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: an extended replication of jaen \& dalton (2014), the investigators aim to investigate the role of odors and associated trigger beliefs on symptom perception and airway inflammation in individuals with asthma

participants with asthma are randomly assigned to a 15-min (phenylethyl alcohol) odor inhalation, accompanied by either an asthmogenic suggestion (nocebo), or a therapeutic suggestion (placebo). airway inflammation, lung function, and asthma symptoms are measured in response to the odor/suggestion, up to 24 hours after odor inhalation. the investigators are also measuring worry and heart rate variability as potential mediators of the response.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a physician diagnosis of asthma exclusion criteria: * fev1 lower than 60% predicted * clinical condition other than asthma

Keywords: odor trigger inflammation nocebo
modified huang-lian-jie-du decoction (mhljdd) for atopic dermatitis in children

Conditions: Atopic Dermatitis

Summary: the study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of chinese medicine (cm) for the treatment of subacute and chronic atopic dermatitis (ad) patients when compared to the placebo control by examining the clinical symptoms.

this is a parallel, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind pilot study. the subjects will come for a screening visit at week 0 (baseline), then at week 6±3 days, week 12±3 days and week 16±4 days for chinese medicine practitioner (cmp) investigators' assessments (fig 1). eczema area and severity index (easi), children's dermatology life quality index (cdlqi), and patient-oriented eczema measure (poem) will be assessed and filled up at different time points. eligible subjects will be randomly allocated to the treatment group receiving oral cm granules or the placebo control group receiving oral placebo granules for 12 weeks, and then be followed up 4 weeks after the treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age of 4 to 17 (chinese only); * with easi ≥ 10; * subacute and chronic atopic dermatitis presenting with dry, scaly, erythematous papules and plaques; and * provide a written informed consent form (signed by one of their parents) exclusion criteria: * history of allergy to chinese medicines; * ad with yang deficiency in syndrome differentiation, such as pale looking, always feeling cold, fatigue, chronic diarrhea with loose stool, urinary disorders such as urinary difficulty, excessive urination or incontinence * known overt bacterial infections in the skin; * known pregnancy; * known severe medical conditions, such as cardiovascular, liver or renal dysfunction or diabetes mellitus; * having used oral corticosteroids, oral antibiotics, other immunosuppressive or any preparation of oral herbal medicines for the treatment of ad in the past month; * having been diagnosed with scabies, allergic contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis; * has taken anti-coagulant or anti-platelet drugs in the past month; * has taken any probiotics, prebiotics in the last month; and * known history of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) deficiency.
patient functioning and well-being, economic, and clinical impact of hemophilia a and its treatment

Conditions: Hemophilia A

Summary: the purpose of the study is to improve the understanding of key patient reported outcomes such as quality of life as well as clinical outcomes in hemophilia a, in a global real world setting.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 16 or over. * have documentation of physician-confirmed diagnosis of moderate or severe hemophilia a (severity defined as moderate = fviii activity 1% to 5% and severe = fviii activity ≤1%). * signed written informed consent provided by the patient or the patient's parents for patients under the age of 18 (dependent of local regulations). * signed written assent is also required for patients under the age 18 years (dependent on local regulations). * plan to receive at least half of their hemophilia care at the registry site. * willing and able to enter data as per the data collection schedule. * currently receiving prophylactic or on demand treatment (including within last 6months for on demand). * expected life expectancy of at least 2 years. exclusion criteria: * patients with hemophilia b * patients with von willebrand disease (vwd) * patients with other rare bleeding disorders * unable to comply with the study protocol
community first responders' role in the current and future rural health and care workforce

Conditions: Emergency Medical Services

Summary: community first responders (cfrs) are trained members of the public, lay people or off-duty healthcare staff who volunteer to provide first aid. cfrs help ambulance services to provide care for people having health emergencies, from falls to road accidents to heart attacks, at home or in public places. cfrs are particularly important in rural areas where it is more difficult to provide or access emergency care, and where they are an important part of the care workforce. cfrs are broadly perceived to be positive, however evidence is needed about how they contribute to rural health services, which patients/conditions they attend, what care they provide, how effective they are and at what cost, how they are perceived by patients and other health workers, and how they could be developed to improve care for rural communities. the investigators aim to develop recommendations for rural cfrs, by exploring their contribution to rural care, evaluating their value for money, understanding experiences and views of patients, cfrs and other healthcare staff, and exploring the potential for cfrs to provide new services.

the project will involve the following steps: 1. analyse records from six ambulance services to see: how many people cfrs attended; the proportion of ambulance calls attended; age, sex and conditions of people attended; how quickly cfrs attended and what happened to the patient(s) when the ambulance arrived. 2. evaluate benefits and costs of cfrs attending rural emergencies. 3. interview patients/relatives, ambulance staff, gps, funders, cfrs and cfr leads to obtain views on rural cfr current and potential future roles. interviews will also explore with cfrs and cfr leads, challenges and solutions to recruiting, training, retaining rural cfrs and ensuring safe, high quality care. 4. combine this knowledge (gained in steps1-3 above) to develop recommendations for change; who will be involved and how services should change to solve the most pressing problems for the rural communities served. 5. present recommendations to a workshop of experts and public to agree priorities for future development.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults capable of giving informed consent. the investigators will recruit a maximum variation sample of patients (according to age, sex, condition, and ethnicity), ambulance staff (sex, experience, ethnicity and role), cfr (sex, ethnicity, length of experience, skill level) and cfr scheme leads (independent charity and ambulance trust overseen schemes). exclusion criteria: * the investigators will exclude children and adults who are unable to give informed consent from this study. london ambulance service nhs trust is not included as it is mainly urban; east of england ambulance service and north east ambulance service are not included because of lack of electronic data.

Keywords: community first responder rural health ambulance service
vancomycin de-escalation therapy in patients with pneumonia

Conditions: Pneumonia

Summary: this is a non-inferiority study evaluating clinical improvement rate when using mrsa nasal swabs to guide discontinuation of vancomycin for empiric coverage for mrsa pneumonia.

current clinical guidelines recommend including vancomycin in initial empiric therapy if risk factors for mrsa infection are present, or there is a high incidence of mrsa locally. prolonged exposure to vancomycin, however, has been linked with the risk of vancomycin-associated kidney failure. studies have reported that a mrsa nasal swab may be used to predict the presence of mrsa pneumonia. specifically, pneumonia patients with negative mrsa nasal swabs are 95-99% likely to not have pneumonia due to mrsa. there is limited data, however, evaluating the use of a mrsa nasal swab to guide vancomycin therapy. accordingly, in this study, pneumonia patients in the intervention arm will have empiric vancomycin discontinued following a negative mrsa nasal swab. in the control arm, patients vancomycin will not be discontinued based on the mrsa nasal swab result. the rate of clinical resolution will be compared between these two study arms.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \>= 18 years old * patients admitted to charleston area medical center (camc) through the emergency department who meet the cdc criteria for pneumonia. * nasal surveillance culture for mrsa obtained in the emergency department * patients receiving vancomycin and additional antibiotic therapy for gram-negative coverage exclusion criteria: * persistent vasopressor requirements when mrsa nasal swab results are available * patients not meeting the cdc criteria for pneumonia * patients presenting to the ed with leukopenia (≤4000) without previous documentation of normal or elevated wbc * patients receiving empiric mrsa antibiotic therapy other than vancomycin for pneumonia * patients with the diagnosis of lung abscess * patients not receiving vancomycin therapy before mrsa nasal swab results are reported * immunocompromised individuals. i.e. patients with aids/hiv, vasculitis on immune suppressor therapy, steroid therapy for more than one week prior admission or who received chemotherapy in the last 3 months * patients who do not have a mrsa nasal swab obtained in the ed * nares swab obtained after the completion of the first administered dose of an antibiotic with activity against mrsa * patients with mrsa bacteremia * patients with chronic tracheostomy

Keywords: vancomycin mrsa nasal swab pneumonia