Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
procoagulant effects of hyperglycemia after acute stroke: a pilot study

Conditions: Ischemic Stroke; Hyperglycemia

Summary: between twenty and fifty percent of people who have acute stroke have hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) with it. the purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia,whole blood tissue factor procoagulant activity (tf-pca) and plasma factorviia (fviia) in ten patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 11 non-diabetic patients at baseline and 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours (h) after presentation for acute stroke.

the purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia,whole blood tissue factor procoagulant activity (tf-pca) and plasma factorviia (fviia) in ten patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 11 non-diabetic patients at baseline and 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours (h) after presentation for acute stroke. patients presenting to the emergency department with ongoing stroke symptoms and neurologic deficit less than 24 hours (h) duration were screened for inclusion into the study. stroke patients were grouped in terms of diabetes status as determined by past medical history. stroke diagnosis was confirmed with brain magnetic resonance imaging (mri). clinical care, including the acute management ofstroke and hyperglycemia, was done at the discretion of the neurology service not involved in the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged \> 18 years presenting to the emergency department with symptoms of acute ischemic stroke will be included for study. * acute stroke patients with normal blood glucose levels and patients with fingerstick blood glucose level of greater than or equal to 150 mg/dl will be eligible for study. * acute stroke will be defined as an acute disturbance of cerebral function of presumed vascular origin causing a neurological deficit of less than 24 hours duration. * patients must have an nih stroke scale score of 4 to 23. patients awakening with symptoms of stroke will be considered to have had their stroke at the time when last awake without symptoms. exclusion criteria: * patients presenting after 24 hours of symptom onset. when the actual time of onset is unknown, the time when last observed to be symptom-free will be used. * patients with nih scale of less than 4 or greater than 23. * complete or substantial resolution of symptoms before randomization. * patients with a previously disabling stroke (modified rankin score \> 3) * patients with other systemic disease such as infection (eg pneumonia, etc) * patients with hemorrhage visualized on ct. * patients who are unwilling or unable to give informed consent, or for whom a legally authorized representative is not able to consent. * pregnant patients.

Keywords: acute ischemic stroke stroke hyperglycemia procoagulation diabetes blood coagulation
interest of contact precautions for preventing micro-organisms acquisition in patients hospitalized in infectious disease unit of university-affiliated hospital in rennes

Conditions: Patients Hospitalized in Infectious Disease

Summary: application of isolation (=contact precautions) in hospitalized patients is recommended when patient is colonized (or infected) by micro-organism known for its outbreak capacity or high pathogenicity. it allows the reinforcement of universal precautions (=standard precautions) in order to control patient-to-patient micro-organisms transmission. recently, the efficacy of this measure is questioned and its impact on patient care seems deleterious. in a particular context of infectious disease unit, where standard precautions are handled (favorable architecture and appropriate practice for hand hygiene), assessment of contact precautions to reduce the incidence of acquired bacteria during hospitalization would be of interest. the investigators design a non-inferiority comparative study to measure the colonization pressure in patients hospitalized in two different parts of the department: one unit only with standard precautions applied (intervention) and one unit with contact precautions (control) as current routine care.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient hospitalized in infectious diseases unit during the study period in one of the selected part of the unit participating to the study * patient informed about the study protocol and approved to participate. exclusion criteria: * patient requiring isolation prescription type "air" or "droplet" * patient hospitalized in the central sector of the building (including 4 bedrooms in depression negative service) * patient colonized with bacteria producing carbapenemase, multi-resistant acinetobacter baumanii or vancomycin-resistant enterococcus. * patients under legal protection (juridical protection, legal guardianship) or persons on juridical detention.
irish omega-3 study

Conditions: Psychotic Disorders

Summary: the irish omega-3 study is a clinical trial designed to investigate the potential of omega-3 fatty acids in the reduction of risk of psychosis. the study is being coordinated by the hrb clinical research facility at university college cork. the principal investigator is dr maeve rooney, consultant psychiatrist in the mercy university hospital, cork. the study will be carried out in collaboration with the hrb clinical research facility in dublin in prior to rolling out to other centres around ireland. the study is funded by stanley medical research institute, a non-profit organization supporting research on the causes of, and treatments for, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. it is the largest provider of funding for research in serious mental illness outside of the u.s. government.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects will be aged between 13 and 50 years. * written informed consent will be obtained from subjects, or, in the case of those under - eighteen, from their parent or guardian, with the assent of the participant. * subjects meet the criteria of uhr, according to the structured interview for prodromal syndromes (sips) (cannon et al., 2008, woods et al., 2009). exclusion criteria: * previous psychotic episode of at least one week's duration. * previous manic episode of at least one week's duration. * acute suicidal or aggressive behaviour. * substance dependence. * lactose intolerance/milk allergy * intellectual disability, which in the opinion of the investigator would affect the person's ability to participate in the trial. * previous treatment with an antipsychotic or mood stabiliser for a psychiatric indication longer than 2 weeks in the previous three months. * consumption of over the counter or prescribed omega-3 fatty acids supplements within 12 weeks of entering the trial. * pregnancy/breast-feeding. * severe inter-current illness that may affect the ability of the participant to take part in the trial.
training secondary school students as anti-smoke ambassadors using the service-learning model

Conditions: Smoking Cessation

Summary: building the community's capacity by training youngsters to refer smokers to professional smoking cessation services offers a good strategy to support smoking cessation. peer pressure is considered the most common reason for smoking in young people. smoking cessation interventions that target peers are likely to have substantial effects. this health promotion project based on the service-learning model will provide opportunity for young people to learn and practice the award model with hands-on experience under the supervision of nursing students who are considered experienced peer counselors.

a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation design will be adopted. a randomized sample of 368 students will be recruited from 14 secondary schools (forms 2-4). the outcome measures will include demographic characteristics, the level of knowledge in smoking cessation and the award model, the practice and attitude towards smoking cessation and the award model, and the self-efficacy in using the award model.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * secondary school students (forms 2-4) exclusion criteria: -

Keywords: adolescents training activities knowledge, attitudes, practice self efficacy
interleukin-2 in treating patients with metastatic or recurrent kidney cancer

Conditions: Kidney Cancer

Summary: rationale: interleukin-2 may stimulate a person's white blood cells to kill kidney cancer cells. purpose: phase ii trial to study the effectiveness of low-dose interleukin-2 in treating patients with metastatic or recurrent kidney cancer.

objectives: * assess the response rate and survival of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with low-dose intravenous interleukin-2. * assess the toxicity associated with this treatment. outline: patients receive low-dose intravenous interleukin-2 every 8 hours for a maximum of 15 doses in week 1 and again in week 3. stable and responding patients receive a second course beginning approximately 2 months after initiation of the first course. responding patients may continue therapy every 2 months provided toxicity is limited. patients whose diseased kidney comprises the bulk of the tumor burden at entry undergo nephrectomy. patients are followed for survival. projected accrual: a total of 14 patients will be accrued for this study.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: * histologically confirmed renal cell carcinoma (rcc) that is metastatic or recurrent * no central nervous system or major nerve involvement * no more than 25% estimated hepatic replacement by tumor on ct or mri * measurable disease required patient characteristics: age: * 18 and over performance status: * karnofsky 80%-100% life expectancy: * greater than 3 months hematopoietic: * platelet count at least 80,000/mm3 hepatic: * bilirubin normal * ast and alt no greater than 3 times normal renal: * creatinine normal cardiovascular: * stress cardiac exam normal (exam performed in patients aged 50 and older and in those with potential cardiac disease suggested by history, physical exam, or ekg) pulmonary: * fev1 and vc greater than 65% of predicted (tests performed in patients with significant smoking history and in those with potential pulmonary disease suggested by history, physical exam, or x-ray) other: * no sites of ongoing bleeding * no hiv antibody or aids * no hepatitis b antigen * no systemic infection * no requirement for steroids * no psychiatric disease that precludes informed consent or safe administration of immunotherapy * no second malignancy except: * basal cell carcinoma * in situ cervical cancer * other cancer provided all evaluable lesions are documented rcc * no pregnant or nursing women * effective contraception required of fertile women prior concurrent therapy: biologic therapy * no prior interleukin-2 therapy chemotherapy * not specified endocrine therapy * not specified radiotherapy * not specified surgery * not specified other * at least 28 days since therapy for rcc

Keywords: stage iv renal cell cancer recurrent renal cell cancer
tacrolimus exposure in kidney transplantation

Conditions: Kidney Transplant Rejection

Summary: using cdw data from 5 tertiary hospitals in korea, this study identify the optimal range of trough level that can prevent adverse outcome in the early periods after transplantation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * renal transplant recipients between january 1, 2005 through december 31, 2014 in one of the five participating centers * patients receiving oral tacrolimus as one of the main immunosuppressant at the start of the defined cohort time (i.e. at post-transplant 2 months for the analysis of 1-year outcomes and at post-transplant 12 months for the analysis of 6-year outcomes) exclusion criteria: * graft failure occurring within the first 2 month of transplantation * mortality of any cause occurring within the first 2 month of transplantation * patients moving centers during the study period * patients who have received other organ transplantation(s) besides renal transplantation in the defined period

Keywords: kidney transplantation tacrolimus acute rejection graft survival adverse event
comparative study between delorme operation with or without postanal repair in treatment of complete rectal prolapse

Conditions: Rectal Prolapse

Summary: the aim of the study is to compare delorme operation alone or with post anal repair and levatorplasty for treating complete rectal prolapse.consecutive patients who were treated for complete rectal prolapse at the colorectal surgery unit were eligible for the study.the patients were randomized into two groups: group i: consisted of patients were subjected to delorme operation only. group ii: consisted of patients were subjected to delorme operation with post anal repair and levatorplasty.

rectal procidentia frequently occurs in older women. patients usually present with obstructed defecation or fecal incontinence. this study is to compare delorme operation alone or with post anal repair and levatorplasty for treating complete rectal prolapse. consecutive patients who were treated for complete rectal prolapse at our colorectal surgery unit were eligible for the study. exclusion criteria include pregnant female, any patients with previous anal surgery, pudendal nerve neuropathy, anal fistula and sepsis or coagulopathy. all patients underwent clinical evaluation, proctoscopic examination, and sigmoidoscopy. anorectal physiology studies consisted of anal manometry and measurement of pudendal nerve terminal motor latency (pntml) to exclude pudendal nerve entrapment syndrome. patients enrolled in the study were randomized into three groups using the closed envelope method. the envelopes were drawn and opened by a nurse not otherwise engaged in the study in the operating room. the patients were randomized into two groups: group i: consisted of patients were subjected to delorme operation only. group ii: consisted of patients were subjected to delorme operation with post anal repair and levatorplasty.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * complete rectal prolapse exclusion criteria: * pregnant female * any patients with previous anal surgery * pudendal nerve neuropathy * anal fistula and sepsis or coagulopathy

Keywords: delorme operation,incontinence
psycho-social well being following stroke

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: multicenter randomized controlled trial (rct) testing the effect of a dialogue-based psychosocial intervention for stroke acute survivors in primary care one to six months poststroke. primary outcome is psycho-social health and wellbeing, measured by ghq28 (primary outcome) and saqol (secondary outcome). 400 stroke survivors are randomized into intervention group or control group. patients are followed up for 12 months.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * being adults (over 18 years old), * suffered an acute stroke within the last month, * medically stable, * sufficient cognitive functioning to participate (assessed by their physician/stroke team and acceptable raven's score (see below), * interested in participating, * able to understand and speak norwegian, and * able to give informed consent. exclusion criteria: * moderate to severe dementia or other serious disease. persons with aphasia will be examined by a speech therapist and excluded if they have significant impressive aphasia or severe expressive aphasia inconsistent with participating in the dialogues.
efficiency of different intraoral scanning techniques in orthodontic patients before and after brackets positioning: a cross sectional study

Conditions: Digital Orthodontics

Summary: a cross-sectional study, in which we compare the efficiency of different scanning techniques in orthodontic patients before and after brackets positioning. scanning of the maxillary and mandibular dental arch will be performed for the same group of patients twice. the first time is before bracket positioning using two different scanners and the three different techniques. the second time is after brackets positioning using the same two different scanners and the same three different scanning techniques. then these scans will be compared to by superimposition techniques and linear measurement techniques.

in this study two scanners will be utilized medit i500 and trios 3. for each scanner three techniques will be used at two different interventions. one before brackets positioning and the other after bracket positioning. american orthodontics roth prescription, 0.022 slot metal brackets will be positioned using direct bonding technique. three different scanning techniques will be used: buccopalatal technique, s-shaped technique and palatobuccal technique. the buccopalatal technique (a) involves scanning the arch top side starting from the left second molar then run longitudinally to the contra-lateral one. then go to the buccal side scan from this right side to the contra-lateral side and then palatal scan. palatal scan done in two steps first was with counterclockwise movement along the palatal vault and then longitudinal movement in postro-anterior direction. the s-shaped technique (b) involves scanning the arch starting from the palatal side of the left second molar then moving the scanner tip in alternating palatobuccal and buccopalatal s-shaped movement along the arch to the contra-lateral side. then scanning the mid area of the palate by longitudinal movement in postro-anterior direction. the palatobuccal technique (c) done by scanning the arch top side first starting from the left second molar runs longitudinally to the contralateral side. then start palatal scanning by moving the scanner tip with circular movement in a clockwise direction across the palatal vault from the right-side second molar then along the palate to the contralateral second molar. then the same circular scanning but in the counterclockwise direction to record the remaining part of the palate staring from the left second molar to the contralateral one. the buccal scan will follow starting from the right second molar then run longitudinally to the contralateral side.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: adolescent patients. fully erupted permanent dentition from second molar to the contra lateral second molar in both jaws. exclusion criteria: severe degree of malocclusion that prevent full arch bracket positioning dento-facial deformity such as cleft lip/ palate or cranio-facial syndrome. severe skeletal discrepancy in any of the three planes of space. tmd problem limited mouth opening presence of crowns or bridges.
influence of non-invasive neurostimulation (transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation) on 1. the noradrenergic release in the brain and 2. a neuropsychological memory task

Conditions: Epilepsy; Cognitive Decline

Summary: the goal of this study is to investigate the influence of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation 1. on the noradrenergic system in the brain and 2. on memory, in healthy volunteers. preclinical and clinical studies indicate that noradrenaline plays a role in the working mechanism of vagus nerve stimulation. this study will investigate if the effects of invasive vagus nerve stimulation can be replicated with transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation. the release of noradrenaline in the brain will be measured non-invasively by the p300 component of event-related potentials in the electro-encephalogram (eeg) via an auditory oddball paradigm. research to elucidate the working mechanism of non-invasive neurostimulation can help to identify subpopulations who will respond well to a treatment and can provide insights that could contribute to the optimalisation of the stimulation parameters, with as possible consequence a better clinical outcome. some studies indicate that stimulation of the vagus nerve can optimally influence memory, possibly via the noradrenergic system. this study will investigate if the effects of invasive vagus nerve stimulation on memory can be replicated with transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation. the influence of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on memory will be measured via a neuropsychological memory task that investigates the ability to focus attention. the correlation between the performance on the memory task and the signal analysis of the auditory oddball task could give an indication about the underlying working mechanism of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation on memory. this will be the first step to investigate whether transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation can be used as innovative intervention for cognitive decline.

first a sympathetic skin response (ssr) will be measured to investigate whether the ssr could be used as a method to measure the activity of the locus coeruleus non-invasively. there are 3 conditions: 1. transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation 2. sham stimulation 3. no stimulation the conditions will be randomized. in each condition the participant will do the oddball task and then the memory task. between the conditions there is a wash-out period of 30 minutes. after completion of all 3 conditions and after a wash-out period of 30 minutes, the participant will do a final recognition task (part of the memory task in total). during the oddball task eeg will be measured. an electro-cardiogram (ecg), electro-oculogram (eog) and larynx electromyogram (emg) will also be recorded for easy filtering of artefacts.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy volunteers between 18 and 30 years * bachelor, master or phd students exclusion criteria: * neurological or psychiatric disease

Keywords: transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation p300 memory task
well-mama community doula navigator study

Conditions: Pregnancy Related

Summary: this study will develop and test an intervention, called the well-mama intervention, which includes the use of a checklist by community doula navigators to support pregnant women. participants will be randomized to either receive standard perinatal care or standard perinatal care plus the well-mama intervention.

black, indigenous, and people of color (bipoc) women experience profound maternal health disparities in the us, including rising rates of maternal mortality and severe maternal morbidity. this study will develop a well-mama intervention for pregnant and postpartum bipoc women, centered around community doula navigators conducting in-person and telehealth check-ins on 5 priority areas (mental health, cardiovascular symptoms, safety, opioid/substance abuse, and social support), supplemented with virtual support groups and labor support. the investigators will conduct a randomized trial to test whether the well-mama intervention increases bipoc women's receipt of prenatal and postpartum care.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1) pregnant individuals that are age 15-49 years; (2) uninsured or have public insurance (i.e., medicaid); (3) singleton pregnancy \<32 weeks gestation; and (4) not cognitively impaired exclusion criteria: already receiving/enrolled in another perinatal care program beyond standard care, such as group prenatal care, maternity home, or employing their own doula