Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
a comparison of desflurane vs. sevoflurane and the time to awakening and the incidence and severity of cough

Conditions: Surgery; Anesthesia

Summary: goals for ambulatory surgery include providing optimal surgical conditions while ensuring a rapid early recovery without side effect. dexter et al1 concluded in a meta-analysis that desflurane can reduce the extubation time when compared to sevoflurane. this potential benefit of desflurane can be especially attractive in short ambulatory cases performed with general anesthesia with a laryngeal mask airway. although some studies have not shown a difference on perioperative cough and laryngospasm between desflurane and sevoflurane at clinically relevant doses.it has been reported in the literature that desflurane causes cough4 and many providers avoid using desflurane with a lma (laryngeal mask airway) in the ambulatory setting. in this study we will also evaluate, as a secondary outcome, the presence and severity of perioperative cough and laryngospasm. previous investigators have demonstrated a more rapid resumption of normal daily activities after ambulatory surgery in patients anesthetized with desflurane when compared with sevoflurane.these investigators suggested a better quality of recovery when desflurane is used probably due to a lower lipid solubility of desflurane. we will also evaluate quality of recovery as a secondary outcome using a validated instrument. significance: 1. a more rapid awakening, especially, in a fast and high turnover cases that are performed with lma can lead to a more cost effective utilization of operating room time 2. it has been reported that desflurane causes more cough than sevoflurane and anesthesiologists avoid using desflurane with lma cases, this study will reinforce that there is no difference.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18-65 * female patients undergoing outpatient gynecologic and breast surgery * under general anesthesia using an lma * asa i,ii, exclusion criteria: * patients on cns depressants * chronic opioid use * corticosteroid * pregnant patients * full stomach * morbidly obese (bmi \>35kg/m2) * hepatitis b * hepatitis c * coronary artery disease * liver disease * renal disease * seizure disorder dropout criteria: * need for endotracheal tube * surgeon or patient request * hospital admission

Keywords: induction coughing anesthesia
safety & tolerability of the iray system in subjects with exudative choroidal neovascularization (cnv) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (amd)

Conditions: Age-Related Macular Degeneration; Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration; Macular Degeneration; Eye Diseases; Retinal Diseases

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and clinical feasibility of the iray system for the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration (amd).

the primary objective is to evaluate the safety and clinical feasibility of stereotactic radiotherapy with the oraya iray system for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (cnv) associated with age-related macular degeneration (amd), as measured by incidence and severity of ocular radiation related serious adverse events (sae) and adverse events (ae) in subjects treated with an 11, 16 or 24 gray (gy) macular dose through the 60-month follow-up visit.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects must be age 50 or older * women must be post-menopausal ≥1 year or surgically sterilized * subjects must have choroidal neovascularization lesion size of ≤11 total disc areas (28.26mm), and a greatest linear dimension of ≤6 mm * subjects must have early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (etdrs) best corrected visual acuity of 69 to 24 letters (20/40 to 20/320 snellen equivalent) in the study eye * subretinal hemorrhage (if any) must not comprise more than 50% of total lesion size, and may not involve the subfoveal space exclusion criteria: * subjects with prior or concurrent therapies including submacular surgery, thermal laser photocoagulation (with or without photographic evidence), photodynamic therapy and transpupillary thermotherapy (ttt) * subjects with concomitant disease in the study eye, including uveitis, diabetic retinopathy,presence of rpe tears or rips, acute ocular or periocular infection * subjects with advanced glaucoma (\>0.8 cup to disk ratio) or intraocular pressure ≥30 mmhg in the study eye * previous glaucoma filtering surgery in the study eye * refractive error in the study eye demonstrating more than -8 diopters of myopia (or globe axial length ≥26 mm). for subjects who have undergone prior refractive or cataract surgery in the study eye, the preoperative refractive error cannot exceed -8 diopters of myopia * subjects with any retinal vasculopathies, including diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusions, etc. in the study eye

Keywords: oraya oraya therapeutics, inc. low voltage stereotactic radiosurgery radiosurgery radiotherapy iray amd macular degeneration wet amd xray radiation x ray external beam radiation ranibizumab lucentis
does tranexamic acid administration reduce blood loss during head and neck surgery?

Conditions: Head and Neck Neoplasms

Summary: to study whether infusion of tranexamic acid (a synthetic antifibrinolytic agent) reduces blood loss during head and neck surgery.

blood and blood products are precious resources. administration of blood and blood product carries with it the risk of postoperative bacterial infection1 and increased recurrence rates in certain types of cancers. lower transfusion trigger, preoperative autologous blood donation with or without erythropoietin, intraoperative red blood cell salvage, regional anesthesia, controlled hypotension, and antifibrinolytic agents are all useful means to decrease the need for allogenic transfusions. tranexamic acid, a synthetic antifibrinolytic agent that binds to the lysine binding site of plasminogen and blocks the binding of plasminogen to the fibrin surface. thus plasminogen activation is prevented and fibrinolysis is delayed. it has been used to reduce blood loss during coronary revascularization, orthotopic liver transplantation4, scoliosis correction surgery and other orthopedic procedures. the use of tranexamic acid intraoperatively has been shown to reduce blood loss by 25 - 40% in various studies. the primary concern when administering an antifibrinolytic drug is the potential increased incidence of thromboembolic events. a common misconception is that synthetic antifibrinolytic drugs increase blood clotting. the drugs do not alter blood clotting, but rather slow dissolution of blood clots. there is no data on the utility of tranexamic acid to reduce blood loss in head \& neck cancer surgery. we wanted to compare tranexamic acid infusion to saline (placebo)infusion to see whether tranexamic acid administration will reduce blood loss. reduction in transfusion requirements will lead to reduced costs and possible reduction in complications of blood transfusion.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all eligible previously untreated patients with resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity * undergoing composite resection of the mandible along with neck dissection and requiring reconstructive procedures in the form of pedicled flaps. * patients who agree to participate by giving informed consent. exclusion criteria: * coagulopathy form any cause (abnormal coagulogram - prothrombin time (pt) \> 18 seconds or partial prothrombin time (ptt) \> 50 seconds, recent (\<5 days) acetylsalicylic acid ingestion, anticoagulant therapy (heparin, 4 hours preoperative or warfarin, 3 days preoperatively). * pre-existing renal dysfunction (serum creatinine 200 mmol/l), * known allergy to tranexamic acid, * peripheral vascular disease.

Keywords: tranexamic acid antifibrinolytic agents head and neck neoplasms thromboelastography
colchicine in moderate symptomatic covid-19 patients

Conditions: Covid19

Summary: this is a prospective, double blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial. the participants will be randomized into two groups (group a and group b). patients of group-a are the treatment group. they will be treated with optimal treatment based on the algorithm proposed in national guidelines on clinical management of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) version 7.0, 28 may 2020, along with colchicine for 14 days. the patients in group-b will be controlled group. they will be treated with optimal treatment based on the algorithm proposed in national guideline along with a placebo.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males and females of least 18 years of age and can swallow tablets * competent and willing to provide informed consent * patient must have received a diagnosis of covid-19 infection with positive rt-pcr for sars cov-2 within the last 3 days * patients with moderate symptoms (according to national guidelines on clinical management of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid- 19).version 7.0 .2020, dghs, mohfw, government of the people's republic of bangladesh). following features of moderate covid-19 must be present- 1. fever or history of fever 2. cough and /or shortness of breath 3. oxygen saturation 94% or more 4. pneumonia -pulmonary consolidations on chest imaging (chest x ray or ct scan of chest) involving less than 50%of lungs 5. crb 65 score 0 exclusion criteria: * pregnancy and breast-feeding * known hypersensitivity to colchicine * known chronic illness e.g hepatic failure, chronic kidney disease (egfr\ 450 msec.) * patient with inflammatory bowel disease (crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis), chronic diarrhea or malabsorption * patient currently taking colchicine for other indications (mainly chronic indications represented by familial mediterranean fever or gout) * patient undergoing chemotherapy for cancer * patient is considered by the investigator, for any reason, to be an unsuitable candidate for the study.

Keywords: covid 19 colchicine
desvenlafaxine succinate (dvs) for major depressive disorder (mdd) in midlife men and women

Conditions: Major Depressive Disorder; Menopausal Staging and Vasomotor Symptoms (for Females)

Summary: the main objective of this study is to characterize a range of brain activation symptoms associated with depression and response to treatment in midlife men and women with mdd, using mri and functional mri. moreover, in the female sub-group, the investigators will examine whether these brain activation symptoms are related to menopausal symptoms (i.e., hot flashes and night sweats). also, assessing brain activation before and after the treatment might help to uncover some mechanisms associated with the pathophysiology of depression and menopause.

major depressive disorder (mdd) has been associated with morphological changes in the brain and changes in key brain areas. studies have shown that antidepressant use may promote the normalization of these areas. moreover, midlife men and women appear to be at greater risk for developing major depressive episodes. in women, this period of life has been associated with significant functional impairment due to the presence/severity of vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes, night sweats), cognitive complaints, and poorer quality of life. desvenlafaxine succinate (dvs) has been developed for the treatment of mdd. to date, the effects of dvs on brain structure and functioning in midlife men and women with mdd, as well as on depression related to menopause, has not been explored. the present study aims to investigate the effects of dvs on brain structure and functioning when used for the treatment of a major depressive episode in midlife men and women, using mri and functional mri. in addition, the investigators will examine whether the impact of treatment with dvs on vasomotor symptoms, cognition, and quality of life modulate the putative changes in brain structure and functioning.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men and women, aged 40-60 years * diagnosis of mdd * for women, perimenopausal or postmenopausal exclusion criteria: * other dsm-iv axis i diagnosis other than mdd * using psychotropic medications * suicidal ideation, homicidal ideation, or psychotic symptoms * presence of laboratory abnormalities at baseline visit * presence of heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease, pulmonary disease, blood or bleeding disease, thyroid disease, gi disease, seizure or epilepsy, head injury, cancer, uterine fibroids or endometriosis, gynecologic surgeries (except caesarian sections), electroconvulsive therapies in the past 3 months, hiv+/aids * in addition (for women): use of hormone replacement therapies, menstrual dysfunction, pregnancy or breastfeeding

Keywords: depression desvenlafaxine menopause imaging fmri
effects of the individual and family self-management of fall prevention program on balance ability and fall efficacy among chinese with post-stroke

Conditions: Post-stroke People

Summary: this study is about exploring the effectiveness of individual and family self-management (ifsm) fall prevention programs on balance ability and fall efficacy in post-stroke people. the main intervention measures were developed based on the risk and protective factors of fall prevention in post-stroke people, including exercise, environment safety, assistant technology, medication review, and safety in daily activities. the intervention will be implemented in 10 weeks for both patients and their family members. by mastering these skills, post-stroke people may reduce the number of falls after discharge to home.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * for patients (a) aged 18 years or above; (b) first-ever diagnosed with ischemic stroke; (c) level of impairment assessed by the national institutes of health stroke scale (nihss) scores between 5 to 15 (moderate severity) before entering the experiment; (d) mental state assessed by mini-mental state exam score\&gt; 24; (e) mobility tested by timed up and go ≥12.6 second (walkers or another kinds of gait aid are allowed to be used in the test); (f) motor power of all limbs examined by muscle power assessment grade ≥3; (g) ability to understand chinese; (h) living with family members; (i) having phones that can use the internet; (j) willing to join the study. for caregivers: (a) mental state assessed by a short portable mental status questionnaire score≥8; (b) the primary caregiver who lives in the same house and takes care of the patients; (c) having phones that can use the internet; (d) willing to participate; and (e) can speak, understand, and write in chinese exclusion criteria: * having problems with sensory and/or global aphasia
negative pressure ventilator in long-term pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Conditions: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

Summary: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is characterized by irreversible airflow obstruction with chronic airway inflammation and emphysematous changes in the lung parenchyma, thus leading to air-trapping, as well as extional dyspnea. the investigators have previously observed that npv used as an adjuvant to pulmonary rehabilitation improves lung function, exercise capacity, and reduces exacerbations. the investigators now sought to determine whether long-term maintenance npv improves long-term clinical outcomes and reduces mortality in copd.

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is characterized by irreversible airflow obstruction with chronic airway inflammation and emphysematous changes in the lung parenchyma, thus leading to air-trapping, as well as extional dyspnea. the mechanism underlying desaturation during 6mwt in patients with copd is multifactorial involving dynamic hyperinflation and impaired gas exchange that worsens ventilation-perfusion mismatch. previous studies have shown that oxygen desaturation during the 6mwt predicts mortality and increases the risk of adverse outcomes in copd patients. however, there is a paucity of studies that have looked at effective treatments to counter the consequences of hypoxemia during exertion. the investigators have established a hospital-based maintenance pulmonary rehabilitation program together with npv for copd, and the investigators have shown that the benefits of npv improves lung function and exercise capacity, and reduces acute exacerbation and medical costs. the investigators now sought to determine whether long-term maintenance npv improves long-term clinical outcomes and reduces mortality in copd.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * main diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease * stable status at enrollment * able to come to pulmonary rehab center exclusion criteria: * infection or acute excerbation condition at enrollment * severe neuromuscular, cardiac disease or dementia * unable to perform six minute walk test

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease maintenance negative pressure ventilation- assisted pulmonary rehabilitation six minute walk test overall survival
dorsal and volar surgeries preferred in scaphoid pseudorthrosis comparison of effects on kinematics

Conditions: Scaphoid Fracture

Summary: our aim is to objectively analyze the effects of the non-vascularized autograft taken from the radius and the dorsal and volar surgical approach on the preop and postop wrist kinematics and the movements we use frequently in daily life, and to present the results.

at least 23 working male patients between the ages of 20-50 who do not have active additional diseases will be included in the study, and those who have not previously had trauma or surgical intervention on the same extremity, and who do not have vascular and neurological fields, these patients will be followed-up at the itf orthopedic clinic and the medical faculty orthopedics clinic. their patients will be after the preop and postop union is provided to the patients who will be divided into 2 groups of at least 10 people (in the 12th month postop), the wrist motion analysis will be performed with the xsens mtw awinda 17 sensor full body motion capture system in the bahçeşehir university biomechanics laboratory (separate on the healthy side). in addition to the rum, 5 movements such as personal wc cleaning, drinking coffee from the cup will be stimulated by looking at the healthy side.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion * healty male * without any chronic systemic dissease * must not have drug addiction * must not have surgical prosedure on affected upper extremity before * patient shouldnt have visi disi defomi̇ty and radiocarpal arthrosis on affected wrist * there must be minimum 1 year maximum 10 year between trauma and surgery exclusion criteria: * criteria:having vascular and neurological spaces in the same extremity without previous trauma or surgical intervention
arthroscopic treatment of bursal-side rotator cuff tears in shoulder joint

Conditions: Rotator Cuff Tears

Summary: a retrospective analysis was performed on patients with bursal-side partial-thickness rotator cuff tears who underwent arthroscopic surgery from january 2009 to december 2011. to investigate the diagnosis and arthroscopic treatment of partial rotator cuff bursa lateral tear, and to evaluate the postoperative functional outcome and tendon healing.

to study the surgical method and clinical effect of arthroscopic treatment for partial tear of rotator cuff bursa. a retrospective analysis was performed on patients bursal-side partial-thickness rotator cuff tears who underwent arthroscopic surgery from january 2009 to december 2011. preoperative x-ray and mri were performed. rotator cuff repair was performed during the operation. ucla shoulder scoring scale was used to evaluate the joint at preoperative and final follow-up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * from january 2009 to december 2011, patients with bursal-side partial-thickness rotator cuff tears who underwent arthroscopic surgery at peking university third hospital and were followed up. exclude: exclusion criteria: * patients with frozen shoulder and unstable shoulder joints.
persistence of effect and safety of valbenazine for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia

Conditions: Tardive Dyskinesia (TD)

Summary: this is a phase 4, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the persistence of effect of valbenazine 40 mg and 80 mg.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subjects of childbearing potential must agree to use hormonal or two forms of nonhormonal contraception (dual contraception) consistently during the screening, treatment, and follow-up periods of the study. 2. have one of the following clinical diagnoses for at least 3 months before screening: schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or mood disorder 3. have a clinical diagnosis of neuroleptic-induced td for at least 3 months before screening. 4. be on stable doses if using maintenance medication(s) for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, or mood disorder. subjects with bipolar disorder must be on stable doses of a mood stabilizer. 5. be in general good health. 6. have adequate hearing, vision, and language skills to perform the procedures specified in the protocol. exclusion criteria: 1. have an active, clinically significant unstable medical condition within 1 month before screening. 2. have a known history of substance (drug) dependence, or substance or alcohol abuse. 3. have a significant risk of suicidal or violent behavior. 4. have been hospitalized for psychiatric disorder within 6 months before day 1. 5. have a known history of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. 6. have a known history of long qt syndrome or cardiac arrhythmia. 7. have a cancer diagnosis within 3 years prior to screening (some exceptions allowed). 8. are currently taking tetrabenazine or deutetrabenazine, or have used valbenazine (ingreza) within 30 days of screening. 9. have received an investigational drug within 30 days before day 1 or plan to use an investigational drug (other than nbi-98854) during the study. 10. have a blood loss ≥550 ml or donated blood within 30 days prior to baseline. 11. have an allergy, hypersensitivity, or intolerance to vmat2 inhibitors (eg, tetrabenazine, deutetrabenazine). 12. are currently pregnant or breastfeeding. 13. have hiv or hepatitis b.