Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
dexmedetomidine and subarachnoid haemorrhage

Conditions: Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Aneurysm

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate how dexmedetomidine affects static and dynamic autoregulation, intracranial pressure (icp) and cerebral oxygenation in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (sah) patients.

dexmedetomidine is a selective α2-agonist which induces sedation, anxiolysis and analgesia without respiratory depression. these effects, as well as neuroprotective properties in experimental studies would be ideal in neuroanaesthesia and in neurocritical care. poor grade sah patients are treated in intensive care units (icu). these patients are sedated often with propofol. however, to assess the patient's neurology, the propofol sedation must be stopped and the wakening of the patient may take time. dexmedetomidine would be more advantageous, allowing wakening during the infusion. however, the effects of dexmedetomidine on cerebral autoregulation are unknown in sah patients. 15 sah patients requiring sedation, mechanical ventilation and icp monitoring will be rolled in to the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aneurysmal sah * aneurysm treated with coil(s) or clip(s) * age 18-80 years * written informed consent from the next of kin exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * nursing woman * sick sinus syndrome * carotid stenosis * heart rate less than 50 beats / minute * mean arterial pressure less than 50 mmhg

Keywords: subarachnoid hemorrhage dexmedetomidine autoregulation intracranial pressure cerebral oxygenation
the effects of oral facial facilitation and oral motor therapy in dysphagia

Conditions: Dysphagia; Spastic Cerebral Palsy (sCP)

Summary: the objective of this research is to investigate the impact of oral facial facilitation and oral motor therapy dysphagia in individuals with spastic cerebral palsy. specifically, the study aims to: * evaluate changes in dysphagia and severity following a regimen of oral motor therapy and oral facial facilitation. * assess improvements in swallowing function, including ease of swallowing and reduction in dysphagia symptoms, after implementing oral motor therapy and oral facial facilitation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 1. confirmed diagnosis of spastic cerebral palsy (cp) by a qualified medical professional. 2. participants aged 3 to 7 years, as this is a common demographic affected by spastic cp. 3. clinical diagnosis of dysphagia, confirmed by a speech-language pathologist or related healthcare provider. 4. no recent significant changes in neurological status or medical condition within the last six months. 5. sufficient cognitive ability to follow simple instructions during therapy sessions, as assessed by a qualified professional. 6. parental or guardian consent obtained for participants under 18, along with assent from participants when appropriate. 7. no recent (within the last three months) oral motor therapy interventions that could confound results. 8. willingness and ability of the participant to engage in therapy sessions consistently. 9. clearance from a physician to participate in oral motor therapy and related interventions. exclusion criteria: * 1. diagnosis of other neurological disorders or conditions that may affect swallowing or motor skills. 2. serious medical conditions or comorbidities that could interfere with therapy (e.g., severe respiratory issues). 3. any surgical interventions affecting the oral or pharyngeal region within the last year. 4. concurrent participation in other clinical trials or interventions that could affect swallowing outcomes.
self-management and quality of life in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Conditions: Pre-Existing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: the study was conducted in order to study the effect of the training given according to social-cognitive learning theory (sclt) upon diabetes self-management and quality of life among type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals.

the study was done as a randomized-controlled experimental study at internal diseases polyclinics of afyonkarahisar public hospital between november 2021 and august 2022. the study was completed with 60 patients -experimental group (30 patients) and control group (30 patients)- who met inclusion criteria. the data were gathered using information request form and metabolic variables form, diabetes self-management scale (dsms) for type 2 diabetic patients, multidimensional scale of perceived social support (mspss), type 2 diabetes mellitus self-management questionnaire (smq), whoqol-bref (who- quality of life scale- short form). a theoretical and practical training based on sclt was provided to the experimental group for the first five weeks -one module for each week- through power point presentations and afterwards, sms reminders were sent every fifteen days for seven weeks and at the end of the twelfth week the training was completed. the control group received a standard training from diabetes nurse. the data were assessed using statistical methods.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years and over * being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, * being on insulin therapy, * being open to verbal communication, * being literate * not to have an obstacle to continue the implementation phase of the research (for example, pregnancy plan, changing province, etc.) * not having hearing-vision problems and diabetes-related serious neuropathy (amputation, etc.), * patients who agreed to participate in the study. exclusion criteria:the patient has a perception disorder and psychiatric disorder that prevents communication, * being pregnant, * individuals with serious complications such as retinopathy and neuropathy at the level of blindness were excluded from the study. research termination criteria * not performing the specified applications properly during the study, * unreachable in follow-ups, * those who want to quit working, * serious complications related to comorbid diseases and diabetes that occur during the working process, * the study was terminated with patients who were moved out of the province during the study.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes social cognitive learning diabetes self-management quality of life
complex and simple appendicitis: restrictive or liberal post-operative antibiotic exposure (casa relax) - atrium health

Conditions: Appendicitis Surgery

Summary: to demonstrate the safety, efficacy, and feasibility of short-course post-operative antibiotic treatment for simple and complicated appendicitis

this is a single center, randomized controlled trial to determine if decreasing the amount of antibiotics after appendicitis surgery can decrease the risk of adverse effects associated with antibiotics while at the same time ensuring participant safety.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 years * planned appendectomy (laparoscopic or open) * willing and able to provide informed consent * working telephone number or reliable method to contact patient after hospital discharge exclusion criteria: * unable to consent * pregnant women * prisoners * immunocompromised as determined by clinical team, or patients actively receiving steroids, chemotherapy, or immunosuppressing medications (for example tacrolimus), or patients with active hematologic malignancy affecting the immune system, leukopenia, or end-stage acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) * heart failure * allergy to bupivacaine * unlikely to comply with treatment or follow-up * inpatient consultation for appendicitis * clinically suspected sepsis based on sepsis-3 definition * current use of antibiotics for other indications * type 1 diabetes or uncontrolled hyperglycemia

Keywords: post-operative antibiotics acute appendicitis complicated appendicitis
pharmacogenetics of antifolate disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis in taiwan

Conditions: Rheumatoid Arthritis

Summary: polymorphisms occur in several genes encoding key enzymes in the folate pathway may affect drug metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. whether these genetic variations contribute to differential responses to antifolate drug in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) remains to be investigated in the taiwanese population. objective. the goal of the present study is to investigate the interactions between genetic variations in folate genes and the efficacy/side effects of anti-folate disease-modifying antirheumatic drug in taiwan. design. a cross-sectional study involving 100 patients with ra were enrolled from tcvgh. genotypes in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (mthfr677c\>t), tandem repeat polymorphism in thymidylate synthase enhancer region (tser) and folylpoly-gamma-glutamate synthetase (fpgs1901t\>c) were determined by rflp or pyrosequencing.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male/female age \>18 * clinical diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis exclusion criteria: * must not be pregnant/breastfeeding * other conditions may lead to exclusion from the trial (e.g. diabetes mellitis, malignant melanoma, cardiac conduction disorders, hepatic/renal insufficiency.
ivermectin in the treatment of head lice

Conditions: Lice Infestations

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare 2 single doses of ivermectin as tablets with 2 single applications of malathion 0.5% lotion (days 1 and 8) in clearing head lice, in patients who have recently used standard head lice treatments without success.

head lice infestation occurs frequently, primarily in children 3 to 11 years of age. in recent years an increasing prevalence of lice infestation in schools, day care centres, and summer day camps is believed to be partly due to increasing lice resistance to currently available standard treatments for pediculosis (infestation with lice). there is a need for new effective backup treatments for this common condition of head lice infestation. this is a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, study in several clinical centres comparing ivermectin as tablets to malathion 0.5% lotion in the treatment of head lice. all enrolled patients participate in the primary phase of the study up to the day 15 evaluation. patients who are still infested with lice at day 15 (treatment failures) will enter an extension phase and be treated in a double-blind, fashion with the opposite treatment (ie ivermectin or malathion). the study hypothesis is that ivermectin will be more effective than malathion in clearing head lice infestation , as measured by the proportion of patients who are lice-free at study day 15.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * head lice infestation confirmed by detection combing by study staff * previous (within 6 weeks) use of a topical insecticide product * minimum 15kg weight * providing informed consent exclusion criteria: * pregnant or nursing patients * households with 7 or more infested patients * households where there are other known infested household members not participating * head lice treatment within 2 weeks of entry * active scalp infection * any difficulty with combing assessment * patient from region endemic for certain parasitic worm diseases

Keywords: pediculosis capitis pediculus
qishenyiqi dripping pill for coronary microvascular disease

Conditions: Coronary Microvascular Disease

Summary: to investigate the efficacy and safety of qishenyiqi in patients with microvascular angina pectoris. long-term follow-up of 1 year will be performed to evaluate the effect of qishenyiqi on coronary flow reserve and adverse cardiovascular events in patients with coronary microvascular disease.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * repeated chest pain attacks with typical exertional angina pectoris or resting angina pectoris attacks; * coronary normal or stenosis \< 20%; * ischemic depression in st segment during resting or exercise; * blood flow reserve (cfr) of the anterior descending coronary artery \< 2.0; * subjects or their guardians agreed to participate in this study. exclusion criteria: * previous myocardial infarction or pci or cabg treatment; * a history of heart failure; * severe arrhythmia; * refractory hypertension or hypertension accompanied by left ventricular wall thickness \> 12 mm; * familial hypercholesterolemia; * takayasu arteritis, kawasaki disease or coronary artery malformation; * pregnant or nursing, or having the intention to give birth within one year; * hepatic or renal dysfunction; * allergic to contrast agents or traditional chinese medicines; * patients who participated in clinical research of other drugs within 3 months before being selected.
disease progression in women with x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy

Conditions: X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy

Summary: observational, single-site prospective and minimally interventional study in women with x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ald), conducted in france.

patients accepting participation (after signing icf) will be followed up to at least 2 years or until they started treatment for x-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ald) or withdraw consent, whichever occurs first. follow-up will be extended beyond 2 years if deemed appropriate after an interim report. tests and questionnaires will be assessed at baseline and yearly. if the study is extended, beyond 2 years, patients will be assessed at 1-year intervals. at baseline visit and follow-up visits, patients will undergo an mri of the brain and the spinal cord and assessments of body sway, edss, adl, pain vas and sf-36 questionnaire. plasma biomarkers will be assessed from samples obtained through routine blood draw and a monthly falls diary will be provided each visit to be completed once a month. this study will not assess any specific medicinal product or intervention, and the study will not interfere with that prescribed in clinical practice.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. women aged 18 years old or older. 2. diagnosis of x-linked ald based on genetic testing, altered vlcfa levels, or family history. 3. willing to undergo annual follow-up visits, including brain and spinal cord mri scans. 4. provision of written informed consent. 5. affiliation or beneficiary of a french social security system or of such a regime. exclusion criteria: 1. any condition that in the opinion of the investigator are likely to adversely affect the study participation, interfere with study compliance, or confound the study results. 2. under treatment or previous treatment with leriglitazone. 3. pregnant or lactating women. 4. subjects benefiting from laws aimed at protecting vulnerable adults: subjects being deprived of liberty by judicial or administrative decision, subjects under guardianship. 5. participation in an interventional clinical trial.
first time in human study with gsk1018921

Conditions: Schizophrenia

Summary: gsk1018921 is a new drug under development for the treatment of schizophrenia. gsk1018921 differs from other available drugs in its mode of action and it is assumed that it may have an effect in the treatment of so-called positive symptoms such as hallucinations and negative symptoms such as lack of drive. no clinical studies have been conducted with gsk1018921 in humans until now. this is the first study where this compound is administered to humans; the study has 2 parts: part a is a dose escalation study, part b is a pharmacodynamic portion in a separate group of healthy smoker volunteers.

single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled first time in human study to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of single oral escalating doses of gsk1018921 in healthy volunteers and to assess the effect of a single dose of gsk1018921 on quantitative eeg and mismatch negativity in a separate cohort of healthy smoker volunteers

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy volunteers as determined by a responsible physician, based on a medical evaluation including history, physical examination, laboratory tests, cardiac monitoring. * for part b, smokers. exclusion criteria: * part a: smokers, any subject who takes any prescribed or non-prescribed medication/vitamins specified as prohibited in the protocol, substance abuse, clinically significant disease as determined by a responsible physician. * part b: non-smokers

Keywords: qeeg, glyt-1 inhibitor, erp gsk1018921, ftih, schizophrenia, single-dose, healthy volunteers, mmn,
a study of rofecoxib in the treatment of post-operative pain after total knee joint replacement (0966-259)

Conditions: Pain

Summary: a study to compare pre-operative administration of rofecoxib versus post-operative administration of diclofenac or rofecoxib, respectively, in the treatment of post-operative pain after total knee joint replacement in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males or females at least 18 years of age who have osteoarthritis of the knee and have undergone total knee joint replacement.
combined sapb in mics

Conditions: Serratus Anterior Plane Block; Acute Pain; Postoperative Analgesia; Minimal Invasive Cardiac Surgery

Summary: minimally invasive cardiac surgery (mics) has begun to be performed frequently in recent years. compared to sternotomy, misc reduces the risk of mediastinitis, leaves a more aesthetic scar, facilitates postoperative rehabilitation, and shortens the hospital stay. mics requires a thoracic incision in the right 4th or 5th intercostal space. this incision causes intense and long-lasting pain in the postoperative period. pain is exacerbated by breathing movements, coughing, and respiratory physiotherapy. postoperative analgesia is a critical risk factor for the development of pulmonary and cardiovascular complications in any type of cardiothoracic surgery. if patients with high pain levels cannot breathe effectively, it may lead to atelectasis, cardiac ischemia, and arrhythmias. this prolongs the time it takes for patients to be discharged and increases the frequency of postoperative pulmonary complications and postoperative morbidity. in addition to intravenous medications, various neuraxial and peripheral nerve blocks can be used in cardiac surgery. in recent years, thoracic epidural analgesia has been avoided due to the use of intraoperative high-dose heparin. as an alternative, peripheral nerve blocks have recently gained popularity. sapb is one of them. sapb can be applied in three ways. while deep sapb (dsapb) is applied under the serratus anterior muscle, superficial sapb (ssapb) is applied above the serratus anterior muscle. combined sapb (csapb) is applied both below and above the serratus anterior muscle. these blocks can be performed with a single injection anywhere between the second and seventh ribs on the lateral chest wall. in this study, the analgesic effects of ultrasound-guided csapb application in patients undergoing mics will be evaluated.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 to 80 years old * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status i-ii-iii * bmi 18 to 40 kg/m2 * elective minimally invasive cardiac surgery (mics) exclusion criteria: * patient refusing the procedure * emergency surgery * history of chronic opioid or analgesic used
picosecond laser for ttreatment of benign pigmented lesions

Conditions: Benign Pigmented Lesions

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether pico laser is effective and safe in the treatment of benign pigmented lesions.

the investigational device is a dual wavelength laser system developed for treatment of pigmented lesions and for tattoo removal. the base unit is a gentlemax system modified to emit light at wavelengths of 532 and 1064 nm and deliver pulse energy up to 400mj, and pulse duration of 700 ps.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. has fitzpatrick skin type i-vi 2. has unwanted benign pigmented lesions including but not limited to solar lentigines, freckles, café au lait, melasma, new of ota, nevus of ito, and hyperpigmentation, and wishes to undergo laser treatments to remove them 3. is willing to sign an informed consent form to participate in the study 4. is willing to comply with all requirements of the study including being photographed, following post treatment care and attending all treatment and follow up visits exclusion criteria: 1. is hypersensitive to light exposure 2. has an active sun tan 3. has active localized or systemic infection 4. is taking medication(s) for which sunlight is a contraindication 5. has a history of squamous cell carcinoma or melanoma 6. has a history of keloid scarring 7. has used oral isotretinoin (accutane®) within 12 months of initial treatment or plans on using during the course of the study. note: skin must regain its normal degree of moisture prior to treatment, e.g., lack of noticeable skin flaking, skin peeling and skin surface roughness. 8. has had a laser procedure, a peel or has used lightening creams in the area to be treated with in the past six months 9. has a history of immunosuppression/immune deficiency disorders (including hiv infection or aids) or use of immunosuppressive medications 10. is female and pregnant is currently breast feeding or planning a pregnancy during the study period 11. is allergic to lidocaine, tetracaine or xylocaine with epinephrine 12. subjects with pigmented lesions that are considered not acceptable by the study doctor or any condition that, in the study doctor's opinion, would make it unsafe to treat.

Keywords: pigmented lesions, skin pigment, picosecond laser, syneron
evaluation of nicotinamide riboside in prevention of small fiber axon degeneration and promotion of nerve regeneration

Conditions: Small Fiber Neuropathy

Summary: this study will evaluate the effects of a nutritional supplement called nicotinamide riboside in preventing small fiber nerve degeneration that is experimentally induced by applying capsaicin to skin in otherwise healthy study participants. furthermore, the effects on nerve regeneration will also be evaluated. the results will be compared to a placebo control drug.

small fiber neuropathy (sfn) is a type of peripheral neuropathy that affects the small unmyelinated fibers, including both somatic innervation of the skin and autonomic nerves. although diabetes and prediabetes are the two most common causes, up to 50% of all sfn remain idiopathic. currently there is no effective treatment that prevents it or reverses it through regeneration of nerve fibers. recent advances in understanding the molecular machinery that mediates wallerian degeneration (i.e. degeneration of nerve fibers after physical transection) showed that key molecular players in this pathway and nicotinamide (nad+) metabolites play a similar role in degeneration of axons in a distal-to-proximal manner seen in many peripheral neuropathies including sfn. pre-clinical studies have shown that rapid depletion of nad initiates a cascade of molecular events that leads to axon degeneration and that supplementation of a nad precursor, nicotinamide riboside (nr) can prevent this degeneration. in this study investigators plan to evaluate the ability of nr to prevent degeneration of small somatic sensory axons innervating the epidermis as well as its ability to promote regeneration of these same fibers in a human experimental model of nerve degeneration and regeneration. this experimental human model has been used previously to evaluate the rate of nerve degeneration and regeneration in several peripheral neuropathies and in healthy subjects. since nr is available as a nutritional supplement, if successful, this research can lead to development of a therapy for a variety of peripheral neuropathies very rapidly.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: 18-65 * bmi\<32 * normal neurological examination defined as neuropathy impairment score \<2 exclusion criteria: * history of peripheral neuropathy * any peripheral neuropathy risk factor including diabetes, vitamin b12 deficiency, hiv-infection, chronic kidney or hepatic disease, hypothyroidism, chemotherapy or other know neurotoxic exposure.