Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effects of low concentrations of nitrous oxide

Conditions: Nitrous Oxide Poisoning

Summary: the aim of the study is to test the effects of low concentrations of nitrous oxide on cognitive functions and reaction time in human.

nitrous oxide is a widely used gas in medicine, in standard concentrations above 50%. its favourable physical properties and easy detectability by anaesthetic gas analysors predispose nitrous oxide to become a possible "tracing gas" for leak detection in experiments in which modified breathing system are in use. in these breathing experiments, the inspired concentrations of nitrous oxide would be well below the anaesthetic/analgesic concentrations. the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of these low concentrations of nitrous oxide (5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 20 %), compared to placebo (air, 0% nitrous oxide). the cognitive functions are tested using digit symbol substitution test, reaction time and visual analogue scale.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy volunteers from the czech technical university exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * allergy to nitrous oxide * severe asthma or other severe respiratory conditions * severe cardiovascular conditions

Keywords: nitrous oxide tracing gas breathing experiments cognitive tests
corpectomy with pyramesh titanium cage reconstruction in dorsolumber metastatic lesions

Conditions: Spinal Metastases

Summary: the vertebral column represents the most common bony site for metastasis with an incidence ranged from 30% to 70% in patients with metastatic neoplasms. the dorsal spine carries the highest frequent site for metastasis all over the vertebral column followed by the lumber spine. these metastatic lesions are clinical entities that often necessitate a complex spinal decompression and anterior reconstruction. posterolateral approaches alone allow for excellent decompression with transpedicular fixation and safe visualization of the neural elements for corpectomy and reconstruction so the investigators can avoid the complications that can be happened with the staged surgery. purpose: investigators' aim in the study is to report cases and evaluate investigators' approach for fixation and assess the postoperative period regarding pain improvement and neurological deficit.

at neurosurgery department in sohag faculty of medicine, between august 2014 and august 2017, 26 patients with single dorsolumbar metastatic spinal lesions with vertebral body collapse underwent a single-stage, circumferential corpectomy and anterior spinal reconstruction with a pyramesh titanium cage via a midline, posterior and lateral approach. investigators included in the study patients with retropulsed fragment inside the canal that causes spinal cord compression with neurological manifestation. metastatic work up was done for cases. exclusion criteria include patients with more than one spinal metastases or extra-spinal metastasis, patients with other comorbidities as cardiac ill patients, patients with chronic renal failure and patients who received radiotherapy or chemotherapy within one year before surgery. a preoperative neurological assessment, full laboratory investigations were done. investigators used the quebec scale to assess the patients' improvement regarding pain, and muscle power scale to evaluate the motor.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with retropulsed fragment inside the canal that causes spinal cord compression with neurological manifestation. exclusion criteria: * patients with more than one spinal metastases or extra-spinal metastasis. * patients with other comorbidities as cardiac ill patients, patients with chronic renal failure. * patients who received radiotherapy or chemotherapy within one year before surgery.

Keywords: corpectomy pyramesh posterolateral pediculectomy facetectomies
the effect of praziquantel treatment on schistosoma mansoni morbidity and re-infection along lake victoria, uganda

Conditions: Schistosomiasis; Malaria

Summary: the overall objective of the project is to contribute to an increased knowledge about the effect of praziquantel on schistosomiasis related morbidity and re-infection level among communities living along lake victoria in mayuge district, uganda with the overall aim of improving the strategies for morbidity control. the study will be carried out in a high transmission area along lake victoria, in mayuge district. it will be a randomised intervention study, comparing a single praziquantel treatment (40mg/kg) with two standard doses administered two weeks apart.

in uganda, schistosomiasis affects approximately 10% of the population and transmission takes place along all large water bodies (rivers and lakes). morbidity control should aim at increasing the length of time before morbidity reappears and decrease the time during which morbidity regresses in a situation with continued transmission and re-infection. it is proposed to test this by comparing the standard treatment with a double treatment (2 x 40 mg/kg) two weeks apart. the overall objective of the project is to contribute to an increased knowledge about the effect of praziquantel on schistosomiasis related morbidity and re-infection level among communities living along lake victoria in mayuge district, uganda with the overall aim of improving the strategies for morbidity control. the study will be carried out in a high transmission area along lake victoria, in mayuge district. it will be a randomised intervention study, comparing a single praziquantel treatment (40mg/kg) with two standard doses administered two weeks apart. two groups of participants, with 270 people in each, will be randomly selected and randomly assigned to the two treatment regimens. three consecutive stool samples will be from the cohort and blood samples for malaria will be examined. clinical and ultrasonographic examinations will be performed. after all the examinations, the whole cohort will be treated with a single standard dose of praziquantel and albendazole. two weeks later all members of one of the groups will receive another standard dose of praziquantel. follow-up examinations will be performed 8 weeks, 6 months and two years later.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 7 years residence in project village exclusion criteria: * persons treated with praziquantel within 2 weeks before recruitment

Keywords: schistosoma mansoni hepatosplenomegaly malaria uganda
exercise-induced gut permeability in normal-weight obesity

Conditions: Normal-weight Obesity; Obesity

Summary: exercise acutely increases gut permeability and inflammation, even in healthy populations. however, whether this response differs in groups at-risk for cvd that present with low-grade inflammation (e.g., normal-weight obesity) has yet to be examined. the investigators aim to measure serum indicators of gut permeability in those with normal-weight obesity pre- and post-short, intense exercise and sustained, moderate exercise

the investigator's overall goal is to examine how indicators of gut permeability change in response to exercise in individuals with normal-weight obesity (i.e., normal body mass index \[bmi\] and high body fat percent) relative to those with a normal bmi and low body fat percent and those with a bmi in the obesity range and high body fat percent. the investigators will examine indicators of gut permeability (specified in primary outcomes) in response to a short, intense bout of exercise (i.e., vo2 max test on a cycle ergometer) and sustained, moderate bout of exercise (i.e., 45 minutes at 65% measured vo2 max on a cycle ergometer). additionally, the investigators will measure basic anthropometrics, blood lipids and glucose, and body composition with dxa.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: control group: normal bmi, body fat percentage \< 25% (male) or \< 35% (female) normal-weight obesity: normal bmi, body fat percentage \> 25% (male) or \> 35% (female) overt obesity: bmi in obesity range, body fat percentage \> 25% (male) or \> 35% (female) exclusion criteria: * presence of pacemaker * pregnant * postmenopausal status * history of chronically using of tobacco products, illicit drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., nsaids), lipid lowering drugs * recent use of antibiotics (\< 6 weeks) and nsaids (\< 3 days) * established cardiometabolic disease (e.g., cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes) diseases inflammatory in nature (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease), and/or diagnosed irritable bowel syndrome.
effect of parp inhibitors on glomerular filtration rate

Conditions: Solid Tumor; Ovarian Cancer; Breast Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to observe whether parp inhibitors have an effect on serum creatinine level, and whether this reflects a change in creatinine secretion or a true change in kidney function.

parpi medications interact with transporters along the renal tubules involved in the secretion of creatinine and an increase in serum creatinine is often observed in patients treated with these agents; however, it is not known whether parp inhibitors are associated with an actual change in the glomerular filtration rate, or if the observed elevations of serum creatinine are a result of a drug effect on creatinine secretion unrelated to changes in kidney function. the investigators therefore propose a prospective observational study to examine the incidence of elevation in serum creatinine from baseline levels in patients initiated on parp inhibitors and compare the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on creatinine to that from alternative tests. the primary purposes of this study are to: * assess the incidence of increase in serum creatinine in patients with a solid-organ cancer on treatment with a parp inhibitor. * to compare the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on serum creatinine with that of alternative biomarkers to assess whether changes in serum creatinine reflect changes in kidney function or creatinine secretion. * to examine the persistence or resolution of creatinine increase and/or gfr decrease noted after discontinuation of parpi

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients age 18 years or older * diagnosed with any solid organ cancer * planned to receive a parp inhibitor (olaparib, niraparib, rucaparib, veliparib, or talazoparib) * able to consent to study related procedures * if unable to give informed consent, must have healthcare proxy or legally authorized representative * fluent in conversational english (informed consent form currently in english language) exclusion criteria: * patients who will not receive ongoing cancer care at penn medicine * major psychiatric illness or cognitive impairment that in the judgment of the study investigators or study staff would preclude study participation * any patients who are unable to comply with the study procedures as determined by the study investigators or study staff * patients on dialysis

Keywords: parpi kidney function cystatin-c
adipose cellular kinetics of lipedema

Conditions: Lipedema

Summary: lipedema is characterized by an abnormal deposition of adipose tissue, resulting in fluid accumulation, limb enlargement, and pain. lipedema is often misdiagnosed as simply obesity. a major challenge with diagnosis is the poorly understood biology underlying the disease. limited studies suggest that the development of lipedema may involve adipocyte hypertrophy, increased commitment of adipose progenitor cells, hypoxia, adipocyte necrosis and macrophage recruitment. there remains an urgent need to investigate novel characteristics of adipose remodeling that may contribute to the pathogenesis of lipedema. the study investigators have reported quantitative measures of in vivo adipose kinetics using an 8-week incorporation of deuterium (administered as 2h2o) into the adipose tissue of women with obesity. the objective of this proposal is to utilize the metabolic 2h-labeling approach to measure, for the first time, in vivo adipocyte formation and triglyceride synthesis in the adipose tissue of participants with lipedema. imaging approaches will provide a range of measurements to characterize the lipedema depots. the investigators hypothesize that lipedema adipose depots will have higher rates of adipocyte formation and triglyceride synthesis than both non-lipedema depots and those of women with traditional obesity. lipedema may involve adipose tissue remodeling, characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy and increased commitment of preadipocytes and differentiation of adipocytes (adipogenesis), yielding an abundance of adipocytes with limited capacity to expand and accommodate lipid, resulting in hypoxia, macrophage recruitment, and local/systemic inflammation. findings from this proposal will contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of lipedema and may provide insight for the future development of therapeutic targets.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi ≤50 kg/m2 * waist/hip ratio \<0.86 (standing position) * clinical diagnosis of lipedema (mostly stage 3 but stage 2 will not be excluded) * willing to drink deuterated water (2h2o) exclusion criteria: * have major organ disease (heart, kidney, lung, thyroid, liver) or abnormal liver enzymes that represent a problem for study inclusion * chronic use of systemic glucocorticoids, atypical anti-psychotic medications, or medications that cause clinically significant changes in weight * pregnancy or breastfeeding in the next 3 months * partial and/or full hysterectomy (due to estrogen effects on adipogenesis) * pcos * self-reported positive test for hiv, hepatitis b and hepatitis c * smoking or use of tobacco products in the last 6 months * any medical, psychiatric or behavioral factors that may interfere with study participation

Keywords: adipose tissue lipedema subcutaneous abdominal subcutaneous femoral adipocyte adipose turnover adipose kinetics adipogenesis deuterium obesity
two strategies for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infection prevention in surgical patients

Conditions: MRSA Infection

Summary: the study is a two-arm controlled multi-centre trial of two strategies to reduce nosocomial mrsa transmission and infection among surgical patients. enrolment and primary analyses will be performed at the hospital level. a total of ten adult surgical departments with at least 3 surgical subspecialties each will participate in the study. sites of the study are located in 9 countries (uk, france, spain, germany, switzerland, italy, serbia, greece and israel). the primary objective is to determine the effect of an early mrsa detection \& decolonization \& isolation strategy compared to an enhanced standard control strategy on healthcare-associated mrsa isolation rates among surgical patients at risk of mrsa carriage, who are hospitalized for at least 24 hours.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * surgical patients with los\>24h exclusion criteria: * surgical patients with los\<24h

Keywords: staphylococcus aureus resistance prevention
a randomised controlled trial (rct) to evaluate use of an individual auditory cueing device's (iacd's) on freezing and gait in people with parkinson's disease (pd)

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease

Summary: the primary aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of an iacd i.e. apple ipod-shuffle, on freezing and gait speed in people with a diagnosis of pd through the implementation of a randomised controlled trial. a secondary aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of such a device on the quality of life of people with stroke through the administration of a self-report questionnaire. the iacd will be pre-loaded with an individualised auditory cueing frequency (metronome sound) matched to the walking speed of the individual with pd.

the investigators calculated and pre-loaded 100 baseline frequencies (less 10%) in the sound of a metronome beat in an mp3 format (30 - 130 bpm) \[38\] onto a dvd-rom. a user manual was created with a set of instructions that gives each physiotherapist a step-by-step guide on how to calculate the correct beat for their participants and how to successfully upload this beat onto the ipod. in addition physiotherapists in participating centres attended a training session on how to complete the tasks. a pack including the dvd-rom, user manual, information leaflet and consent was sent to participating centres. recruitment is due to commence in september 2008.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pd * medically stable * willing to give informed consent * freeze at least once per week (minimum score of 2 on item 3 of the fogq) for at least 2 seconds(minimum score of 1 on item 4 of fogq) * mmse score greater than 24 exclusion criteria: * attending physiotherapy at time of recruitment * unwilling to give informed consent * not medically stable * cognitive impairment (mmse score less than 24) * acure co-morbidity that prevents mobility

Keywords: auditory cueing device parkinson's disease freezing gait mobility
a study to evaluate effectiveness of sublobar dissection in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Conditions: Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Summary: a study to evaluate effectiveness of sublobar dissection in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

this is a multi-centre real-world non-interventional observational study. the study data on patient demographic/tumor biological characteristics and clinical treatments were retrospectively collected to evaluate effectiveness of sublobar dissection in the chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer who received sublobar dissection.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients \>= 18 years old; * patients who received sublobar dissection from 2014 to 2017 (segment dissection/wedge dissection/segment and wedge dissections); * patients who received selective or systematic lymphadenectomy; * pathologically diagnosed patients with non-small cell lung cancer; * pathological staging: i, ii exclusion criteria: * patients who received cancer treatments before surgeries (adjuvant therapies including chemotherapies, radiotherapies, target therapies); * patients who received late-phase or intolerant palliative lobectomy or compromise sublobar dissection;

Keywords: chinese real-world evidences nsclc sublobar dissection
evaluation of using vibrotactile coordinated reset for management of parkinson's disease

Conditions: Parkinson Disease

Summary: this is a study to evaluate peripheral vibrotactile coordinated reset stimulation for parkinson's disease seeks to explore the safety and efficacy of an experimental non-invasive method to aid in the symptoms of parkinson's disease. the purpose of the study is to verify the safety and tolerability of non-painful sensory (tactile) vibratory stimulation delivered to the fingertips of patients with parkinson's disease.

this study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a non-invasive, experimental method to aid in the symptoms of parkinson's disease. a glove device produces non-painful sensory (tactile) vibratory stimulation to the fingertips of parkinson's patients. vibrotactile coordinated reset (vcr) will help investigators compare durability and efficacy of the tactile stimulation to current medical therapy. participants will receive vcr for a minimum of 3 months and a maximum of 13 and motor ability will be recorded. if the results of this study suggest that vibrotactile cr stimulation is safe and effective for the treatment of parkinson's disease, this non-invasive treatment approach would have a substantial impact on parkinson's disease.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age 18 and older 2. diagnosis of idiopathic parkinson's disease. 3. levodopa responsiveness as defined by at least a 30% reduction in movement disorders society unified parkinson's disease rating scale (mds-updrs) motor subscale (excluding tremor scores) in the on vs off medication state. 4. willing to participate in the vibrotactile stimulation sessions for 2 consecutive days initially and willing to return for follow-up visits 5. able to provide informed consent. 6. appropriate social support exclusion criteria: 1. hoehn and yahr stage greater than 3 in the on medication state 2. presence of other forms of non-idiopathic parkinsonism, including but not limited to atypical parkinsonism, medication induced parkinsonism, vascular parkinsonism 3. any illness that in the investigator's opinion precludes participation in the study 4. subjects unable to communicate with the investigator and staff
glucose regulation in acute stroke patients (grasp) study

Conditions: Stroke; Hyperglycemia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility, safety and preliminary efficacy of the use of insulin infusions as treatment for hyperglycemic acute ischemic stroke patients.

ischemic stroke is a common, devastating and costly disease. half of acute stroke patients have elevated glucose levels upon admission to the hospital, and hyperglycemia is associated with poor outcome for post-stroke patients. it is unclear if treatment of hyperglycemia or glucose lowering improves outcome, however, in animal stroke models and other human conditions, aggressive glucose lowering is beneficial. the goal of this multicenter trial is to determine if tight control of blood glucose is beneficial in hyperglycemic patients with acute ischemic stroke. in the trial, researchers will compare intravenous (iv) glucose insulin and potassium (gik) therapy plus meal insulin to control therapy in 72 stroke patients. participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups-(1) the control group with a target glucose level of \<300mg/dl; (2) the tight control gik plus meal insulin group with a target of \<110mg/dl; or (3) the loose control gik plus meal insulin group with a target of \<200mg/dl-with all groups avoiding glucose levels of \<70mg/dl. the specific aims of this study are to collect preliminary data on the safety and feasibility of gik for treatment of hyperglycemia in acute stroke patients, and to collect preliminary data comparing tight gik therapy with loose gik therapy and control therapy. information learned in this study will compliment ongoing work and allow for maximum efficiency in the design of future treatment trials.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age or older. * clinical diagnosis of ischemic stroke defined as acute neurological deficit occurring in one or more major vessels. * must arrive at hospital and be able to begin treatment within 2 hours of established eligibility and this must be within 24 hours of symptom onset. - - patients unable to report symptom onset time or those awakening with symptoms must use the time last known to be well as the onset time. * admission plasma glucose of \> 110 mg/dl. exclusion criteria: * renal dysfunction as defined by a serum creatinine of \>/=2.5 mg/dl at enrollment. * substantial pre-existing neurological or psychiatric illness that would confound neurological assessment. * patients who have received experimental therapy for the enrollment stroke. * pregnant females. * patients with other severe life threatening conditions that makes them unlikely to survive 90 days. * patients who are unable to follow the protocol or come back for 90-day followup. * patient has condition for which insulin infusion is the usual practice or the treating physician feels that there is an indication for insulin infusion.

Keywords: stroke acute ischemic stroke hyperglycemia glucose insulin insulin and potassium therapy gik