Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
loteprednol vs. prednisolone and fluorometholone

Conditions: Intraocular Pressure; Corneal Opacity

Summary: corneal haze, in which the cornea becomes cloudy, is a well-known and a potentially vision-threatening postoperative complication of photorefractive keratectomy (prk). topical ophthalmic corticosteroids are routinely prescribed by most surgeons postoperatively to help prevent this complication. goals of topical steroids use after prk include effective modulation of the healing response to prevent corneal haze while at the same time minimizing side effects, such as intraocular pressure elevation or cataract formation. loteprednol etabonate is a corticosteroid that exerts its therapeutic effects and is then quickly changed into inactive metabolites. this relatively fast metabolism of loteprednol gives it a lower side effect profile than other steroids, including a smaller effect on intraocular pressure. in the ophthalmic literature, there is currently no consensus on a standard regimen or which type of corticosteroid should be used after prk. investigators are conducting a prospective, randomized trial to compare the incidence of intraocular pressure rise and visually significant postoperative corneal haze after prk with the use of loteprednol 0.5% gel compared to the use of earlier generation steroids, prednisolone acetate 1% suspension and fluorometholone 0.1% suspension.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all subjects who are deemed suitable candidates for prk after routine refractive surgery screening will be considered eligible for participation in this study. * subjects must be at least 21 years of age and not pregnant or nursing (due to fluctuations in visual parameters during pregnancy). exclusion criteria: * selection will be consistent with the current standard of care for prk. any patient that is not a suitable candidate for prk will not be included.

Keywords: photorefractive keratectomy
lower maintenance dose ticagrelor in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Conditions: Antiplatelet Therapy; Coronary Artery Disease; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Summary: the hypothesis in this study was that ticagrelor switched to 60 mg after 1 month of standard dose, with antiplatelet activity that is not inferior to the standard dose and better than 75 mg clopidogrel for patients with acs after pci.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * agree to sign the informed consent; * male or female, ≥ 18 years of age, and ≤ 70 years of age * patient presents with acute coronary syndrome (acs) * planned to undergo pci * planned to dapt for 1 year after pci exclusion criteria: * treatment with other investigational agents (including placebo) or devices within 30 days prior to randomization or planned use of investigational agents or devices prior to the day 30 visit. * patients cannot use ticagrelor or clopidogrel due to contraindications or other reasons. * patients with active pathological hemorrhage or a history of intracranial hemorrhage * patient unable to receive 12 months of dual anti-platelet therapy * patient developing procedure-related complications such as stent thrombosis, coronary dissection, coronary perforation, cardiac tamponade or no-reflow during pci * patient or physician refusal to enroll in the study * history of intracranial hemorrhage * patient has a history of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy * patient has an active pathological bleeding, such as active gastrointestinal (gi) bleeding * patient is pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant within 12 months * patient is receiving chronic oral anticoagulation therapy (i.e., vitamin k antagonist, direct thrombin inhibitor, factor xa inhibitor) * patient with cardiogenic shock or mechanical circulatory assist devices placed * patient with active liver diseases * patient with severe renal insufficiency (egfr \<30ml/min/1.73m2 based on simplified mdrd equation or crcl \<30ml/min based on cockcroft-gault equation) * patient has a malignancy or a life expectancy of less than one year * platelet count \ 52%, or white blood cell count \<3000/μl * any other condition deemed by the investigator to place the patient at excessive risk of bleeding with ticagrelor

Keywords: ticagrelor clopidogrel percutaneous coronary intervention coronary artery disease adenosine
the effect of exercises on physiological changes and clinical symptoms in allergic rhinitis patients

Conditions: Allergic Rhinitis

Summary: 1. moderate exercise training decrease cytokine response and rhinitis symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis 2. moderate exercise training combined with vitamin c supplementation decrease cytokine response and rhinitis symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis 3. moderate exercise training combined with vitamin c supplementation has more beneficial effects than moderate exercise training alone for decreasing cytokine response and rhinitis symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: the inclusion criteria included patients with allergic rhinitis who had a clinical history of persistent rhinitis, and had positive skin prick test (wheal diameter ≥ 3 mm) to house dust mite (d. pteronyssinus). exclusion criteria: subjects with known asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis, hypertension or cardiovascular diseases were excluded.

Keywords: exercise training allergic rhinitis vitamin c cytokine rhinitis symptoms
an observational study of epoetin beta (neorecormon) in participants with cancer receiving chemotherapy

Conditions: Anemia

Summary: this observational study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of epoetin beta (neorecormon) in participants with symptomatic anemia and cancer receiving chemotherapy. participants receiving neorecormon once weekly in accordance with the summary of product characteristics will be followed for 4 months.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults greater than or equal to (≥) 18 years of age * participants with solid tumors or lymphoproliferative disease * participants receiving chemotherapy * participants for whom erythropoietin is indicated for pre-study hb level and observed anemic symptoms: hb less than (\<) 11 g/dl or 6.83 millimoles per liter (mmol/l) * ecog performance status of 0, 1, or 2 exclusion criteria: * resistant hypertension * acute chronic bleeding within 3 months prior to study * iron deficiency that is unmanageable prior to study * hypersensitivity to the active substance or any of the excipients of the product * pregnant or breastfeeding women * epoetin treatment within 6 months prior to study
the role of gabapentin in postoperative pain and epithelialization after photorefractive keratectomy

Conditions: Pain After Photorefractive Keratectomy

Summary: the primary aims of this study are to determine if treatment with gabapentin taken systemically (oral tablets) in patients who have photorefractive keratectomy (prk) surgical treatments reduces post surgical neuropathic pain and discomfort. the investigators main hypothesis is that gabapentin given prior to and after refractive surgery prevents central sensitization and local allodynia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subjects must be at least 18 years of age 2. subjects must not have any corneal disease or degeneration 3. subjects must be candidates for lasik or prk refractive surgery exclusion criteria: 1. history of topical ocular medications within 4 weeks prior to enrollment 2. history of conjunctivitis or ocular inflammation within 4 weeks prior to enrollment 3. history of a previous refractive surgery 4. history of previous diagnosis of corneal disease, degeneration, or glaucoma 5. history of autoimmune disease 6. history of oral anti-histamines currently or within 1 week of study enrollment 7. history of systemic anti-inflammatory or pain medication currently or within 4 weeks of study enrollment 8. use of oral diuretics or betablocker currently or within 1 week of study enrollment 9. current diagnosis of dry eye 10. patients whose best corrected vision is less than 20/20 11. patients whose target post operative refraction is not plano 12. pregnant and lactating

Keywords: refractive surgery prk pain gabapentin
cell phone messaging to improve communication of critical laboratory results to patients in rural uganda

Conditions: HIV; Tuberculosis

Summary: the investigators will study the efficacy of a novel cellular phone messaging system to communicate health information and facilitate early return to clinic after abnormal laboratory results in rural uganda.

among the challenges that complicate optimal health care delivery in rural settings is lack of communication between care providers and patients. communication of abnormal laboratory results represents a particular challenge. laboratory and other test results are often not reported until repeat visits weeks to months later. in the case of treatment failure, severe treatment complications, or evidence of opportunistic infection, such reporting delays likely result in adverse outcomes and potentially compromise future treatment options. the investigators propose to evaluate a novel strategy of communication using sms text messaging to facilitate patient return to an hiv clinic in uganda after critical laboratory results. the investigators will consent and enroll participants at the time of laboratory testing for cluster of differentiation 4 (cd4) count, viral loads, acid fast bacteria smears of sputum, among others. those with abnormal results will be randomized to various messaging formats and receive text messages requesting a prompt return to clinic. for outcomes, the investigators will measure successful receipt and comprehension of messages, as well as proportion returning within 14 days of the abnormal laboratory test.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hiv positive * active in care at mbarara regional referral hospital hiv clinic * undergoing laboratory testing * self-reported cell phone access * agrees to participation and gives informed consent exclusion criteria: * age \< 18 * resides outside great mbarara area (mbarara, isingiro, kyruhuura, ibanda, or ntungamo districts)

Keywords: hiv africa south of the sahara knowledge of results communication barriers cellular phones
functional and morphological characteristics of neck muscles in acrobatic skydivers

Conditions: Neck Muscle Issue; Sternocleidomastoid; Contracture; Deltoid Muscle Strain

Summary: an observational cohort study, following the strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology(strobe) guidelines. two groups will be examined, a group composed by spanish acrobatic skydivers and a control group composed by general physically active population(gpap).

two groups will be examined for veryfing the morfology and the function of neck muscles. the profesional group composed by spanish acrobatic skydivers and a general group composed by general physically active population(gpap). both groups are matched at known confounder outcomes such as: physical activity level, age, sex, body weight and history of neck pain. frequency matching will be carried out, subjects will be matched on known confounders.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pain-free in the neck area in the last three months * didn't actually take any drugs that can interfere with muscle strength exclusion criteria: * participants that not mached with the skydivers caracteristics
the use of shengmai san to prevent anthracycline sequential trastuzumab therapy related cardiac toxicity

Conditions: Cardiotoxicity Induced by Drug Therapy for Breast Cancer

Summary: to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of shengmai san in preventing anthracycline sequential trastuzumab therapy related cardiac toxicity through a prospective randomized controlled study.

this study is a randomized, controlled, open-label prospective clinical study. this study adopts an optimal design, with the main evaluation indicator being the incidence of cardiac toxicity. patients who passed the inclusion and exclusion criteria through clinical research were randomly assigned to the experimental group and control group. experimental(treatment)group: received preventive treatment with shengmai powder，and may also receive additional chinese medicines based on the doctor's judgment and the patient's condition.control group: during chemotherapy and trastuzumab administration, no chinese medicine with ginseng, ophiopogon japonicus and schisandra chinensis as ingredients or western medicine with heart strengthening or heart protection function were used. during the treatment process, cardiac function related indicators such as symptomatic congestive heart failure or asymptomatic but decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (lvef) are evaluated to determine the occurrence of cardiac toxicity.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. non metastatic primary invasive her2 positive breast cancer stage i-iii invasive her2 positive breast cancer is defined as the tumor invasive component her2 immunohistochemical ihc+++or ihc++confirmed to be her2 positive by fluorescence in situ hybridization 2. plan to use ac sequential th (p) adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy with anthracycline containing chemotherapy regimens (a is doxorubicin or epirubicin, c is cyclophosphamide, t is paclitaxel, liposome paclitaxel, albumin bound paclitaxel or docetaxel, h is trastuzumab, which can be combined with pertuzumab (p))，and before using anthracycline drugs, the left ventricular ejection fraction (lvef) should be ≥ 50% 3. plan to use trastuzumab or trastuzumab combined with pertuzumab for one year of treatment； 4. ecog ps: 0-1 points； 5. the patient has good compliance with the planned treatment and follow-up, can understand the research process of this study, and sign a written informed consent form. exclusion criteria: 1. the new york heart association (nyha) classifies patients with heart disease at or above level ii (including level ii) 2. severe heart disease or discomfort, including high-risk uncontrolled arrhythmia, etc 3. there are contraindications or intolerance to treatment with trastuzumab, including allergies to trastuzumab, and the presence of underlying heart diseases that cannot be treated with trastuzumab as determined by a specialist 4. previously allergic to ginseng, ophiopogon japonicus, and schisandra chinensis 5. unable to cooperate with treatment and follow-up.

Keywords: prevent cardiotoxicity trastuzumab chemotherapy anthracycline
antihelminthic therapy combined with antimony in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis

Conditions: Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous; Helminthiasis

Summary: the purpose of this project is to investigate the efficacy of early, empiric anti-helminthic therapy combined with standard pentavalent antimony in the treatment of subjects co-infected with helminths and cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by l. brasiliensis. the study hypothesis is that early intervention with antihelminthic therapy will improve response rates to antimony in subjects with cutaneous leishmaniasis.

leishmaniases are a group of diseases caused by a parasite and transmitted by the sand fly. there are a number of diseases associated with infection ranging from simple skin lesions to a severe, fatal form. the standard treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is a 20 day course of antimony which, although fairly effective, has multiple side effects and is difficult to administer. the populations that are affected by leishmaniasis are usually also affected by intestinal helminths (worms). it is unknown what effect these two diseases have on each other and the immune system. as pathology in cl is mediated by an inflammatory reaction and helminths down regulate inflammation, helminthic infection may be beneficial for leishmaniasis. however, a recent study by our research group suggested that subjects infected with both leishmania and helminths have longer healing times and are less likely to respond to antimony. since failure of initial therapy often results in repeat courses of the drug or development of more severe disease, we propose a study to investigate the role of early treatment for co-existing helminth infections in improving response rates to antimony in subjects with cl.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects with a diagnosis of cl based on the presence of typical skin lesions and a positive montenegro skin test * evidence of helminthic infection by parasitological examination of first stool sample * males or females between 13 and 50 years of age * maximum of 3 ulcers with no more than 2 body regions involved * period of 15 to 60 days from the onset of the first ulcer * subject agreement to follow-up visits and therapy * ability to give informed consent exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * breastfeeding mothers * presence of mucosal disease * history of prior treatment with antimonial drugs. * history of prior treatment with anthelminthic drugs within the last 6 months. * history of allergy to pentavalent antimony or antihelminthic * presence of underlying disease which affects the immune response, such as hiv and diabetes mellitus
obesity and brain: genes and environment

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of genetic and environmental risk factors on central nervous system (cns) reward and satiety circuits in the etiology of obesity. the investigators will also investigate to what extent the alterations in cns reward and satiety circuits are a cause or a consequence of the development of obesity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18-75 years * male or female * stable bodyweight (\<5% reported weight change during previous 3 months) * women: regular menstruation cycle (to exclude possible menstruation cycle effects) * normal fasting blood glucose exclusion criteria: * left handedness * known diabetes or abnormal fasting blood glucose * serious heart, pulmonary, hepatic or renal disease, malignant or hematological disease * metabolic disorders (uncontrolled adrenal/thyroid disease) * women: irregular menstruation cycle * neurological or psychiatric illness * pregnancy or breast feeding * alcohol abuse * nicotine abuse * claustrophobia or metal implants * visual disability * participation in another study * inability to understand the protocol or to give informed consent * current/chronic use of following medication: antihyperglycemic agents, glucocorticoids, centrally acting drugs, cytostatics, immune suppressants, potentially addictive medications.

Keywords: brain genes environment etiology reward satiety response central nervous system magnetic resonance imaging twins, monozygotic overweight obesity
group-mediated cognitive behavioral resistance exercise intervention in head and neck cancer patients undergoing chemoradiation treatment

Conditions: Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Summary: this clinical trial examines a group-mediated cognitive behavioral resistance exercise intervention in head and neck cancer patients who are undergoing chemoradiation treatment. chemoradiation is the established standard of care for locally advanced head and neck cancer patients. however, many head and neck cancer patients experience clinically meaningful declines in muscle mass, physical function, and quality of life during and following treatment. resistance exercise has been shown to improve muscle mass, body composition, and physical function when integrated with appropriate standard of care nutritional counseling/supplementation. this trial may help researchers determine the important of integrating exercise interventions with routine cancer care.

primary objectives: i. to determine the feasibility of implementing a group-mediated cognitive behavioral (gmcb) personalized resistance exercise (re) intervention in head and neck cancer (hnca) patients undergoing chemoradiation (crt). ii. to examine the effects of gmcb re intervention upon functional limitations, body composition, and quality of life (qol) in hnca patients undergoing crt. outline: patients undergo personalized resistance exercises over 1 hour daily. patients receive dietary counseling over 60 minutes at week 1 and then over 15-30 minutes weekly for up to 6 weeks. patients also receive group-based behavioral counseling twice weekly (biw) in weeks 1-8, once a week (qw) in weeks 9-12, and then twice a month in weeks 13-24.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with locally advanced human papillomavirus (hpv)+ stage iii-iv head and neck (hn) squamous cell carcinomas undergoing concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy. patients with prior cancers or post-surgical patients needing adjuvant therapy will not be allowed to participate in this study * undergoing planned course of standard of care crt for a total of 33 to 35 rt fractions (six and a half or seven weeks of treatment) * adults 18 years old (yo) or older who have clearance from their primary care provider (pcp) or medical oncologist to participate in resistance exercises during treatment. these patients will be monitored very closely on a weekly basis during the trial * all participants must be free of severe heart or systemic disease or medical contraindications that would make supervised re participation unsafe * receive medical clearance to participate from treating primary care physician or medical oncologists * ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent * willing and physically able to participate in re exclusion criteria: * severe heart or systemic disease or medical contraindications to exercise * diagnosis of cancer other than hnca * musculoskeletal/neurological disorder inhibiting them from safe exercise * pregnant or nursing women * unable to give informed consent
the effects of low-dose epinephrine plus tranexamic acid on perioperative haemostasis and inflammatory reaction in major surgery

Conditions: Blood Loss

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the blood loss of intravenous and topical administration of low dose epinephrine plus combined administration of intravenous and topical tranexamic acid for primary total hip arthroplasty.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients between the ages of 20 and 75 who were diagnosed with as having osteoarthritis or osteonecrosis of the femoral head * scheduled for an elective primary total hip arthroplasty * those who were willing and able to return for follow-up over at least a 6-month postoperative period exclusion criteria: * acute coronary syndrome \< 6 months * glaucoma,pheochromocytoma, thyrotoxicosis, digoxin intoxication, serum potassium \< 3.0 mmol, alcohol abuse, premenopausal women * current treatment with adenosine diphosphate (adp) receptor antagonists, factor xa or thrombin inhibitors,heparin (excluding low molecular weight heparin (lmwh) for perioperative thromboprophylaxis), tricyclic antidepressants, or monoamine oxidase（mao) or catechol-o-methyltransferase (comt) inhibitors * patients with history of thromboembolic disease, bleeding disorder * patients with history of renal impairment, cardiovascular diseases (previous myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation ) or cerebrovascular conditions (previous stroke or peripheral vascular surgery) * allergy to txa

Keywords: arthroplasty, replacement, hip epinephrine tranexamic acid