Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
proton magnetic spectroscopy in children and adolescents with adhd before and after treatment with oros methylphenidate

Conditions: ADHD

Summary: this will be an open label study using daily does of up to 126mg/day of concerta in the treatment of children and adolescents, ages 12-17, who meet dsm-iv criteria for adhd. specific hypotheses are as follows: hypothesis 1: children and adolescents with adhd will have significantly higher acc and dlpfc glutamate/myo-inositol containing compounds (glu/ino) and glutamate/creatine + phosphocreatine (glu/cr) than matched hcs. hypothesis 2: after six weeks of treatment, oros methylphenidate will lower acc and dlpfc glu/ino and glu/cr levels in children with adhd who are methylphenidate responders.

the primary objective of this study is to use 1h mrs to assess glutamate (glu), myo-inositol (ino), and creatine + phosphocreatine (cr) levels in brain regions of interest in 20 children with adhd between the ages of 12-17 years old, before and after a six-week open treatment trial with oros methylphenidate. for comparison, 1h mrs will also be obtained from 20 controls matched by age and gender. we also will scan 20 children with adhd between the ages of 12-17 years old that are currently enrolled in the protocol entitled "prevention of cigarette smoking in adhd youth with concerta" (2003-p-001313) and on a stable dose of concerta. these 20 children will be scanned once while on medication and once while off medication

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male or female subjects, 12-17 years of age. 2. adhd subjects must meet study criteria for the "prevention of cigarette smoking in adhd youth with concerta protocol"; #2003-p-001313. 3. control subjects must not meet full dsm-iv criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or any other current major psychiatric disorder. 4. each subject and his/her authorized legal representative must understand the nature of this proposed study, and must sign informed consent and informed assent documents. 5. subject and parent must have a level of understanding sufficient to communicate intelligently with the investigator and study coordinator, and to cooperate with study procedures. exclusion criteria: 1. clinically significant chronic medical condition including hepatic, renal, gastroenterologic, respiratory, cardiovascular (including ischemic heart disease), endocrinologic, neurologic, immunologic, or hematologic disease. 2. organic brain disorders or mental retardation (i.q. \<75). 3. contraindication to mri including presence of metal or surgical devices (plates, implants, braces or other items). 4. pregnancy; women of child bearing potential must be using a medically approved method of birth control. women of child bearing potential will receive a urinary pregnancy test prior to each mr scanning session. 5. severe phobia of being in small, enclosed spaces. 6. investigator and his/her immediate family; defined as the investigator's spouse, parent, child, grandparent, or grandchild will not be eligible to participate in the treatment arm of the study.

Keywords: hmrs scanning adhd child adolescent hmrs scans
caffeine as respiratory stimulant in preterm infants

Conditions: Apnea of Prematurity

Summary: comparison between rate of occurance of apnea of prematurity aop when using high and low dose caffeine

caffeine is one of the widely used medications in the neonatal care units and in spite of its widespread use in preterm infants, there has been little information about the optimal efficient dose in those patients caffeine therapy for treatment of apnea of prematurity (aop) is well established over the past few years, yet the optimal loading and maintenance dose of caffeine in preterm infants is not well-studied aop is a common complication of preterm birth, which affects more than 80 % of neonates with a birth weight less than 1,000 g. methylxanthine (mgs), including caffeine and theophylline, are a mainstay in the treatment and prevention of aop the efficiency of caffeine, as a preferred methylxanthine, to stimulate respiration has been well proven as it has a significant favorable impact on neonatal morbidity as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) and patent ductus arteriosus (pda) ligation. also, the results of previous studies revealed that caffeine enhances respiratory muscle strength and lung function followed by easier weaning of mechanical ventilation in premature infants. besides, a rapid and sustained increase in diaphragmatic activity and tidal volume was reported in preterm infants followed by caffeine administration previous studies have shown that caffeine citrate was generally well tolerated by premature neonates in clinical trials and declined the incidence of apnea in this population compared with placebo. also, caffeine is related to superior outcomes due to its lower toxicity and it is a preferred drug for apnea in preterm infants with respiratory problems. it has also a significant function as a noninvasive respiratory support. it facilitates the transition from invasive to noninvasive support, reduces the duration of positive airway pressure support and decreases the risk of bpd in preterm infants the optimum caffeine dose in preterm infants with aop has not been well studied as well as heterogeneous reports on the optimal loading and maintenance dose of caffeine in several studies in terms of benefits and risks. many investigations have been conducted about various dosing regimens in the improvement or prevention of respiratory disorders of premature infants. these dosage regimens, although, have been associated with varying degrees of success the aim of this study is to determine if the use of caffeine in doses higher than the currently standard dose can decrease the frequency of apnea in preterm infants without causing significant side effects

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * • preterm infants with a gestational age \<32 weeks in room air or cpap (prophylactic). * preterm infants with gestational age 32-34 weeks who exhibited apnea of prematurity within the first 10 days of life in room air or cpap exclusion criteria: * • major congenital malformations. * chromosomal anomalies. * preterm infants on mechanical ventilation. * preterm infants on nippv.
fluorouracil with or without mitomycin in treating patients with peritoneal cancer

Conditions: Carcinoma of the Appendix; Colorectal Cancer; Primary Peritoneal Cavity Cancer

Summary: rationale: drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. combining more than one drug may kill more tumor cells. purpose: randomized phase ii trial to compare the effectiveness of fluorouracil with or without mitomycin in treating patients who have peritoneal cancer.

objectives: i. compare the efficacy of adjuvant systemic fluorouracil with intraperitoneal mitomycin vs systemic fluorouracil alone in terms of survival in patients with peritoneal cancer originating from the colorectum. outline: this is a randomized, multicenter study. patients are stratified according to center and mode of surgery. patients are randomized to one of two treatment arms. arm i: patients undergo complete resection of tumor on day 0. patients then receive mitomycin intraperitoneally (ip) over 23 hours on day 1 and fluorouracil ip over 24 hours on days 2-5. patients then receive one of three systemic chemotherapy regimens for 6 months: regimen i: patients receive leucovorin calcium iv over 2 hours and fluorouracil iv over 22 hours on days 1 and 2. treatment repeats every 2 weeks. regimen ii: patients receive fluorouracil iv continuously for 7 weeks. treatment repeats every 8 weeks. regimen iii: leucovorin calcium and fluorouracil are administered as per standard procedure. arm ii: patients receive treatment as in arm i but without early intraperitoneal chemotherapy. patients are followed every 3 months for 2 years. projected accrual: at least 90 patients (45 per arm) will be accrued for this study.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: histologically proven peritoneal cancer that is amenable to total resection originated as colorectal adenocarcinoma or cancer of the appendix no diffuse (unresectable) tumors no microscopic cancer only no hepatic, lymph node, or extraabdominal metastases on the preoperative work-up no primitive peritoneal mesothelioma no peritoneal pseudomyxomas or ascites no cancer that originates as ovarian or neuroendocrine cancer, especially sarcomas (intra- or retroperitoneal) complete resection of tumor deposit no originating cancer of unknown origin patient characteristics: age: not specified performance status: not specified life expectancy: not specified hematopoietic: wbc greater than 1,500/mm3 platelet count greater than 100,000/mm3 no chronic hematologic disorder no coagulation disorder hepatic: not specified renal: creatinine less than 1.36 mg/dl other: no significant medical condition that would preclude study prior concurrent therapy: see disease characteristics

Keywords: stage iv colon cancer stage iv rectal cancer adenocarcinoma of the colon adenocarcinoma of the rectum carcinoma of the appendix primary peritoneal cavity cancer
a clinical pathway for nursing home acquired pneumonia

Conditions: Pneumonia; Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

Summary: nursing home residents are frequently transferred to hospital for management of pneumonia. this often leads to hospital related complications and is a burden on the acute care health system. the purpose of this study is to assess whether managing residents with pneumonia and lower respiratory tract infection on site in the nursing home can reduce hospital admissions and can reduce complications and improve quality of life for residents. we have randomized residents with nursing home acquired pneumonia to on-site management, using a clinical pathway, versus usual care.

we conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial where nursing homes were randomized to either use of a clinical pathway or usual care for management of nursing home acquired pneumonia. the clinical pathway included chest radiographs performed on-site in the nursing home by a mobile x-ray unit, use of hypodermocylysis (subcutaneous infusion) for re-hydration, administration of an oral antimicrobials, and use of pulse oximetry to assess oxygenation. the main outcomes were hospital admission rate and length of stay. secondary outcomes included health related quality of life, rates of both infectious and non-infectious complications within four weeks of onset of symptoms; mortality rate of residents with pneumonia (death from all causes within 30 days of onset of symptoms. time to stabilization of vital signs, as well as functional status at four weeks, were assessed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * symptoms or signs of lower respiratory tract infection as defined by standardized criteria. exclusion criteria: * residents were excluded if they were not expected to live longer than 30 days from the date of enrollment, had a previous anaphylactic or serious allergic reaction to quinolones, had advanced directives that they are not be transferred to hospital for treatment.

Keywords: pneumonia lower respiratory tract infection clinical pathway nursing home long-term care randomized control trial
study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of slv306 in subjects with hypertension

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of increasing doses of slv306 with amlodipine.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * sitting office diastolic blood pressure between 90 and 109 mmhg * office systolic blood pressure between 140 and 179 mmhg * mean day-time diastolic 24-h abpm blood pressure \>= 85 mmhg inclusive at baseline exclusion criteria: * known secondary hypertension * decompensated congestive heart failure

Keywords: blood pressure
a comparative analysis of preoperative liver volumetry in living donor liver transplantation

Conditions: Living Donor Liver Transplantation; Liver Failure

Summary: accurate preoperative graft volume assessment is crucial for successful living donor liver transplantation (ldlt). although manual and automated computed tomography (ct) volume measurement methods using various volumetric tools are widely used, their accuracy remains uncertain. this study aimed to determine the optimal dry weight correction factor for each method to enhance the prediction of actual graft weight (agw) and compare the accuracy of different methods.

this study is a retrospective diagnostic accuracy study comparing three liver volumetry methods using preoperative donor ct scans in ldlt.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who underwent hepatectomy for living donor liver transplantation performed by the department of surgery at chungnam national university hospital under the supervision of the principal investigator. exclusion criteria: * patients deemed unsuitable for participation in this clinical study by the investigator.
training in hypoxia to prevent acute mountain sickness

Conditions: Acute Mountain Sickness; Healthy

Summary: some studies suggest that high-altitude related illnesses - like acute mountain sickness - could be prevented by acclimatisation, reached at low altitude using training in simulated altitude. the purpose of this study is to determine whether training in hypoxia is suitable to prevent acute mountain sickness.

in a three week-period, healthy probands undergo 3 times a week a bicycle ergometer training in simulated altitude followed by 1 week passive exposure at simulated low altitude. 5 days after last exposure, a field study starts performing a rapid ascent to the capanna regina margherita (4559m). acute mountain sickness is assessed by established scoring systems.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy * non-smoker * endurance training min. 2x/week exclusion criteria: * any diseases * previous exposure to altitudes higher than 2000m (last 6 weeks)

Keywords: mountain sickness
decision impact study to measure the influence of decipher on treatment recommendations for radiation oncologists

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: this clinical utility study is based on a review of real but de-identified and randomized patient cases and aims to evaluate radiation oncologist's treatment recommendations before and after reviewing the results provided by the decipher test. the primary intent is to help guide development and design of future clinical utility studies for decipher.

patient cases were selected using existing data generated from patient specimens collected in a separate irb approved protocol, in which pathological specimens were tested to generate a test result for comparison to outcomes. those test results are presented in this study, but not the individual patient outcomes. physicians participating in this current study did not provide care for any of the subjects in the previous study. cases are presented to physicians in a randomized order and in a form that prevents the patients from being identified, directly or indirectly. high risk patient cases were selected to reflect a range of clinicopathological variables and were further stratified based on the decipher predicted probability of developing metastasis 5 years after rp and 3 years after bcr (as shown in the table below). high (low) decipher (gc) risk was defined as a 5- or 3-year predicted probability of metastasis greater (less) than 6% for the adjuvant setting and greater (less) than 18% for the salvage setting.

Eligibility criteria:
case inclusion criteria: patient cases eligible for this study were treated with radical prostatectomy and have one or more adverse pathological features present defined as: pathological gleason score ≥ 8 or gleason score 7 with primary pattern 4; pathological stage t3a (= extracapsular extension) or t3b (=seminal vesicle invasion); positive surgical margins gleason grade upgrade from biopsy to surgery detectable psa, defined as failure of psa to fall to undetectable, or psa detectable and rising on 2 or more subsequent determinations case exclusion criteria: metastatic disease (m+) prior to surgery received any neo-adjuvant prostate cancer treatment prior to radical prostatectomy (radiation, hormone, chemotherapy)
training with whole body vibration device in patients with pah

Conditions: Pulmonary Artery Hypertension

Summary: title of study / project: influence of training with whole body vibration device on quality of life (qol), exercise capacity, as well as on the effects of muscle power and muscle function in patients with pulmonal arterial hypertension (pah). background and rationale for the proposal:capacity and the ability to exercise, in patients with pah is limited. there is a few investigations evaluating the effects of the training with whole body vibration (wbv) in adults. it was shown that wbv-training could improve muscle power, qol, body balance and had positive effects on the neuromuscular system. primary scientific question addressed:changes in muscle power, changes in 6-minute walk distance (6mwd) and changes in qol are to be evaluated.

study design: open monocentric prospective randomized observational trial study arms: treatment group (4-weeks wbv training) planned 20 patients control group: planned 20 patients endpoint (-s): changes in muscle power, changes in 6-minute walk distance (6mwd), changes in qol changes in peak vo2 (bike exercise test) major study procedures: blood samples, vital parameters, questionnaires, echocardiography, lung function test, blood gas analysis, bike exercise test, 6-minute walk test, ecg, chair rising test, power plate measurement, walk across test

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men and women age 18-90 years * signed informed consent * symptomatic pah (idiopathic, hereditary or associated with systemic scleroderma) * invasively confirmed pah * 6mwt ≥ 50 m * stable specific therapy for at least 2 months * ability to perform bike test * ability to perform wbv training * nyha/who-fc ii-iii exclusion criteria: * any other pah/ph than idiopathic, hereditary or associated with systemic scleroderma * rehabilitation or other training concept performed within 2 months before inclusion * pregnancy * acute thrombosis * newly implanted hip or knee * recent bone fracture * disability to confirm consent * nyha/who-fc iv

Keywords: influence of training with whole body vibration device
the effect of nature-based music concert on intensive care patients

Conditions: Patient Care; Patient Care in ICU

Summary: purpose: this study was planned to determine the effect of nature-based music recital on pain and physiological parameters in intensive care patients. design: this research will be conducted as a pre-test post-test randomized controlled intervention study. patient information form, numerical pain scale and physiological parameters tracking form will be used as data collection forms. h1: nature-based music recital has an effect on pain level h2: nature-based music recital has an effect on physiological parameters


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * being 18 years or older * having orientation to place and time * no communication (visual, auditory) barriers * no neuromuscular blockade with medication * not applying nerve block, * not having peripheral neuropathy or quadriplegia * sedation level 1, 2, 3 and 4 according to the ramsey sedation scale (rss) exclusion criteria: * glasgow coma scale score below 13 points * being diagnosed with a psychiatric disease * having dementia/brain dysfunction * having a hearing-related anomaly or health problem * the patient has not undergone any painful procedure within the last hour. * sedation level should be 5 and 6 according to rsq

Keywords: music pain nature based music physiological parameter
the application value of spectral ct in the accurate staging of breast cancer

Conditions: Breast Adenocarcinoma

Summary: spectral ct was used to prospectively collect medical images and clinical data related to breast cancer, evaluate the effect of image quality in the diagnosis of breast cancer, and evaluate the application value in the accurate staging of breast cancer, so as to provide a more accurate clinical basis for diagnosis, promote the development of individualized treatment, and ultimately improve the prognosis of patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * (a) chest quark energy spectrum ct examination was performed within 1 week before treatment * (b) age ≥ 18 * (c) suspected breast cancer patients * (d) patients who signed informed consent exclusion criteria: * (a) severe cardiac, pulmonary and renal insufficiency * (b) allergic to iodine contrast media * (c) unable to cooperate to complete ct examination * (d) quark spectrum ct image is poor and cannot be used * (e) male, pregnant and lactating female * (f) combined with other tumor history * (g) incomplete clinical and pathological data * (h) pathologically confirmed non breast cancer
: pharmacokinetics of enoxaparin after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Conditions: Venous Thromboembolism; Pulmonary Embolism; Thromboprophylaxis

Summary: to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of thromboprophylactic doses of lmwh enoxaparin in postoperative cabg patients, drug is administered either as a continuous intravenous infusion (civ) or subcutaneous bolus (scb) once per 72h. plasma anti-xa values are measured 12-14 times during study period and concentration maximums calculated to enable comparison of anti-xa values between administration routes.

this is a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. after informed consent, 80 elective on pump cabg patients with a clinical indication for post-operative thromboprophylaxis will be studied in the tampere university heart hospital. study has two independent parts with 40 patients in both. results are reported separately from these two parts of the study. firts part of the study: after written consent, 20+20 patients are randomized to receive enoxaparin either as continuous intravenous infusion (treatment group) or subcutaneous bolus injection (control group). enoxaparin dose is 40mg/24h either civ of scb. anti-xa values are measured 12-14 times from blood samples to evaluate the anticoagulation effect of enoxaparin. second part of the study: after written consent, 20+20 patients are randomized to receive enoxaparin either as continuous intravenous infusion (treatment group) or subcutaneous bolus injection (control group). enoxaparin dose is 1mg/kg/24h in civ group and 0,5mg/kg twice a day in scb group. in this second part of the study with eleveted enoxaparin dosage, 4 additional blood samples will be taken and analysed by rotem to investigate the overall coagulation status of the patients before and after the initiation of enoxaparin. the study will consist of two independent parts.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi between 18-33 kg/m2 * elective on-pump cabg operation * indication for post-operative pharmacological thromboprophylaxis * written informed consent obtained from the patient or his/her legal representative. exclusion criteria: * other indications for anticoagulant therapy than thromboprophylaxis * known heparin induced thrombocytopenia (hit), or hypersensitivity to enoxaparin or heparin * any long-term anticoagulant medication, expect low-dose aspirin * major bleeding within the last week unless definitively treated * blood platelet count \ 1.7 * gfr less than 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 estimated from serum creatinine by applying cockcroft-gault equation 13 or chronic dialysis * known hiv, hbv, or hcv infection * pregnancy

Keywords: venous thromboembolism pulmonary embolism thromboprophylaxis anticoagulant anti-fxa low-molecular weight heparin enoxaparin