Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
pneumocystis primary infection in non-immunosuppressed infants

Conditions: Pulmonary Diseases; Fever

Summary: to determine the prevalence of p. jirovecii in nasopharyngeal aspirations of neonates and infants hospitalized for symptomatic respiratory infection.

it is recognized that primary infection with pneumocystis, an opportunistic and transmissible fungus, occurs early in childhood. early investigations of primary infection considering the detection of p. jirovecii in respiratory specimens suggests that primary infection in infants without immunodeficiency could be either asymptomatic or symptomatic. the infection may be identified as an apparently benign respiratory infection evolving on its own, but may also be contemporaneous with another viral or bacterial respiratory infection. in addition, there are little data available on the genotypic characteristics of p. jirovecii in infants developing primary infection. in this context, the project will focus on the detection of p. jirovecii in hospitalized infants, presented with symptoms, and without overt immunodeficiency. the prospective collection of biological, clinical and epidemiological data in these infants will make it possible to identify risk factors for the acquisition of the fungus and to address its role in symptoms and clinical presentation. a second focus will be on the identification and comparison of genotypes in infants developing primary infection and in immunocompromised adults developing ppc or colonized by the fungus. these two approaches are the necessary steps to address the putative role of these patient populations (infants and adults) in the human reservoir of the fungus. a third focus will be the detection and genotypic identification of p. jirovecii in infants and the exhaled air of infants in their environment. the potential role of infants as potential infectious sources may be determined.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * symptomatic newborns and infants who underwent npas for microbiological diagnoses exclusion criteria: * asymptomatic newborns and infants, newborns and infants who did not undergo npas, infants \> 12 months or children \> 2 years; newborns and infants whose parents did not accept to participate

Keywords: bronchiolitis nasopharyngeal aspirates
high dose atorvastatin for preventing contrast-induced nephropathy

Conditions: Contrast-Induced Nephropathy

Summary: the aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of atorvastatin in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing computed tomography coronary angiography. investigators assume that atorvastatin is effective in this regard. investigators include patients referring for elective computed tomography coronary angiography and allocate them to atorvastatin or placebo from 24 hours before to 48 hours after administration of contrast material. investigators then measure serum creatinine and see if it is raised by ≥ 0.5 mg/dl or ≥ 25% of the baseline value.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients * candidate of elective computed tomography angiogram * willingness to participate exclusion criteria: * unstable angina or myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmia, seizures, acute renal failure, end-stage renal disease * unstable serum creatinine * unstable hemodynamic * intravascular administration of contrast material in the past month * using high dose atorvastatin in the past month, * known hypersensitivity to atorvastatin

Keywords: computed tomography angiogram side effects contrast-induced nephropathy prevention
safety and efficacy of topical cantharidin for the treatment of molluscum contagiosum, phase 2

Conditions: Molluscum Contagiosum

Summary: cantharidin is cited in the dermatology and pediatric literature as a valuable treatment option. treatment is often available in private practice offices, where a prescribing physician may offer a non-fda approved treatment on an individualized basis. the situation is different in many hospital and academic settings, such as our own for example, where the formulary is defined through a fda-approved indication. the absence of an indication precludes its addition to many hospital formularies, thus limiting the options available to a prescribing physician and denying patient access to a treatment offered in the private practice setting. an indication and formulary status require controlled clinical trials on the safety and efficacy of cantharidin in mc. the objective of this trial is to see if this commercially-viable cantharidin formulation has a comparable safety and efficacy profile as formulations previously studied under conditions which most closely match the what has been historically done in the clinic.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: diagnosis of mc by the principal investigator. maximum of 50 lesions on locations including the face, trunk, back, left or right arm, left or right leg, hands, feet, buttocks, and groin. execution of informed consent and or assent forms exclusion criteria: patients with immunosuppression, including organ transplantation, hiv infection. patients utilizing immunosuppressive agents (including oral corticosteroids) will be excluded except for patients using inhaled corticosteroids, such as those utilized for asthma or allergic rhinitis. females who have reached menarche and are sexually active as well as pregnant patients will be excluded as the effects of this drug have not been evaluated in pregnancy. patients who have greater than 50 mc lesions will also be excluded from the study.
contained hepatic vascular injuries following liver trauma

Conditions: Hepatic Injury; Liver Injury; Pseudoaneurysm

Summary: background: for thirty years, a major shift in the management of liver trauma has been seen. contained hepatic vascular injuries (chvi), including pseudo aneurysms and arteriovenous fistula, are often feared due to their risk of secondary bleeding. nonetheless, knowledge of chvi is scarce and no guidelines on their management have been set. the investigators aimed to validate the risk factors of chvi, identify associated morbidities, and establish a management protocol. study design: a retrospective study on 318 liver trauma from a level 1 trauma center over the last 15 years, comparing the presence or not of chvi. univarious and multivarious analyses were performed. a comparison of the management of chvi was also performed.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * presence of liver trauma * age above 15 years old * a full contrast abdominal ct exclusion criteria: none
birmingham access to care study

Conditions: HIV Infection; HIV Care Loss to Followup

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether a modified form of the artas (antiretroviral treatment and access to services) intervention, adapted for hiv patients who have fallen out of care, can be successful in re-engaging patients in care and reducing hiv-1 viral load.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hiv patient with at least one primary care appointment since 1/1/10 but currently lost to follow-up defined as 1) currently out of care for greater than 7 months or 2) does not have two or more completed clinic visits separated by three or more months in time during a 12-month observation period (hrsa-hab measure of retention in care) or 3) has 2 or more "no shows" - scheduled visits for which the patient has not arrived or canceled - in the past 12 months. * 19 years or older * be able and willing to provide informed consent * be willing to provide locator information * be willing to sign a hipaa authorization form/medical record release form to facilitate medical record abstraction * report living in the vicinity * be able to communicate in english. exclusion criteria: * not meeting one of the above inclusion criteria * have significant cognitive or developmental impairment to the extent that they are unable to provide informed consent * incarcerated at the time of potential enrollment * are terminated via site pi decision

Keywords: hiv reengagement in hiv care artas
pd-l2 targeting nanobody radiotracer for pet imaging of solid tumor

Conditions: Lung Cancer; Colorectal Cancer

Summary: the objective of this study is to construct a noninvasive approach using 68ga- mirc415 pet/ct to detect the pd-l2 expression of tumor lesion in patients with colorectal cancer, lung cancer and other solid tumor to identify patients benefiting from anti-pd-(l)1 treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. aged 18-75, male and female, with ecog score of 0 or 1; 2. subjects with head and neck tumors, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, melanoma, bone or soft tissue sarcoma, solid tumors or suspected tumor subjects who intend to undergo pathological tissue biopsy or receive tumor surgical treatment in the near future (within 2 months); 3. the expected survival was more than 26 weeks; 4. blood routine test, liver and kidney function meet the following standards: blood routine: wbc \>= 4.0 x 10\^9/l or neutrophil \>= 1.5 x 10\^9/:, plt \>= 100 x 10\^9 / l, hb \>= 90g / l; pt or aptt \<= 1.5 upper limit of normal value; liver and kidney function: total bilirubin \<= 1.5 x ult (upper limit of normal value), alt / ast \<= 2.5 upper limit of normal value or \<= 5 x ult (subject with liver metastasis), alp \<= 2.5 upper limit of normal value (if bone metastasis or liver metastasis exists, alp \<= 4.5 upper limit of normal value); bun \<= 1.5 x ult, scr \<= 1.5 x ult; 5. according to recist1.1, there was at least one measurable target lesion; 6. women must take effective contraceptive measures during the study period and within 6 months after the end of the study; men should agree to use contraceptive measures during the study period and within 6 months after the end of the study period; 7. understand and sign informed consent voluntarily with good compliance. exclusion criteria: 1. the function of liver and kidney was seriously abnormal; 2. preparation for pregnant, pregnant and lactating women; 3. inability to lie flat for half an hour; 4. suffering from claustrophobia or other mental disorders; 5) other researchers considered it unsuitable to participate in the trial. -
hydrocortisone in the treatment of intrusions in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder

Conditions: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Summary: to test overall efficacy of hydrocortisone on reexperience of traumatic memories (intrusions) and overall symptomatology in patients meeting criteria of complex chronic ptsd.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * written informed consent * female patients with ptsd according to dsm-iv criteria (see appendix 2). * 18-45 years * intrusions (according to ies-r subscale intrusions: value: \> 7 * ability of subject to understand character and individual consequences of the clinical trial * no participation in another clinical trial (up from 30 days before this trial) exclusion criteria: * lifetime diagnosis schizophrenia according to dsm-iv * mental retardation * body mass index \< 16.5 * current drug and alcohol abuse and addiction * life-threatening self-injurious behavior in the last 4 months * suicide attempt with the strong intention to die in the last 4 months. * following diseases in anamnesis: stomach ulcera or intestinal ulcera, pancreatitis, corticoid-induced psychosis, severe osteoporosis, severe hyper-tension, heart failure, myasthenia gravis, asthma bronchiale, glaucoma, cataract, diabetes mellitus, herpes simples, herpes zoster (viremic phase), renal transplantation. * any pretreatment with hydrocortisone in the last 4 weeks prior to the first administration of investiga-tional medicinal product. * following current medication: cardiac glycosides, saluretics, antidiabetics, cumarin-derivatives, rifampicine, phenytoine, barbiturates, primidone, nsaid, salicylate and indometacine, atropine, praziquantel, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, mefloquine, somatropine, protireline, cyclosporine, non-depolarising muscle relaxants. * pregnancy or lactation period * inadequate birth control (adequate birth control: implants, injectables, combined oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices (iuds), sexual abstinence or vasectomised partner) * shift working * intercontinental travel within 2 weeks prior to enrollment (to avoid jet-lag) * history of hypersensitivity to investigational medicinal product or to any drug with similar chemical structure or to any excipient present in the pharmaceutical form of the investigational medicinal product. * no subject will be allowed to enrol in this trial more than once.
heartmatters challenge - first responders

Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases

Summary: the purpose of this protocol is to observe whether providing the first responder population with a multi-tiered therapeutic lifestyle modification program, including regular blood testing, diet and telephonic lifestyle coaching, daily food journaling using web-based tools and smartphone apps can lead to positive changes in behavior, resulting in improvements in blood based markers of risk of cardiovascular disease (cvd) as well as improvements in weight and waist circumference.

a cluster randomization of first responder communities in the metro boston and metro phoenix areas was performed. first responders attended a one hour lecture on the specific risks of cvd in that population and then qualified intervention candidates were enrolled into a lifestyle program, consisting of telephone-based coaching sessions with a registered dietitian and an online/app based food journaling program. both groups had blood test draws at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months. the intervention group met with the team practitioner to review results and progress after each blood draw. the test panel comprised blood-based markers of cvd risk associated with lipid metabolism, metabolics, inflammation and basic liver and kidney function.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. low apolipoprotein a-1 (apoa-1) levels in the very large alpha-1 hdl particle (\<20 mg/dl for men, \<30 mg/dl for women) or increased waist size (at least 40 inches for men or 35 inches for women). 2. internet access 3. 14 day food log completed prior to initiating the study intervention (or 3-day food log for the control group). - exclusion criteria: 1. no insulin-requiring diabetes 2. no pregnancy or plans to get pregnant in next 12 months 3. unable or unwilling to follow protocol 4. unavailable for duration of study 5. planning to change jobs during study term

Keywords: therapeutic lifestyle change cardiovascular disease first responders firefighters cvd
plasma rich in growth factors in corneal endothelial transplantation

Conditions: Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy; Corneal Edema

Summary: the purpose of the study is to determine the safety and efficacy of brief intraoperative corneal endothelial graft incubation in plasma rich in growth factors (prgf) for reducing postoperative endothelial cell loss.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * undergoing endothelial keratoplasty (dsek or dmek) at the bascom palmer eye institute or price vision group, using corneal graft tissue within 14 days of preservation exclusion criteria: * history of corneal transplantation in the study eye, best corrected visual acuity (bcva) worse than 20/40 in the contralateral eye, systemic immunosuppression, previous intraocular surgical procedures (other than cataract surgery) such as glaucoma tubes or silicone oil. the following special populations will be excluded. * adults unable to consent * pregnant women * prisoners
metformin and longevity genes in prediabetes

Conditions: Insulin Resistance; Prediabetes; Aging; Inflammation

Summary: pre-diabetes, a condition characterized by hyperglycaemia, is associated with increased cardiovascular risk and reduced life expectancy, as compared to the general population. amp-activated protein kinase (ampk) is an enzyme that plays a key role in cellular energy homeostasis and metabolism, and recently it has been demonstrated that ampk regulates aging pathways, as well. ampk is susceptible to modulation through pharmacologic (e.g. metformin) and non-pharmacologic (e.g. physical exercise) interventions. this clinical trial aims to describe the effects of the ampk pathway on longevity genes and inflammation in the setting of pre-diabetes in vivo and in vitro. to this end, the investigators will compare treatment with metformin (500 mg t.i.d) for 2 months, versus placebo in pre-diabetic subjects. the investigators will assess expression of longevity genes sirt1, p66shc, p53 and mtor in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) ex vivo. the investigators will evaluate monocyte polarization by flow cytometry, according to the expression of surface antigens (cd68, ccr2, cd163, cd206, cx3cr1) to determine the prevalence of pro- or anti-inflammatory cells. inflammatory cytokines (tnf-alpha, mcp-1, il-1, il-6, il-10, ccl12) will also be determined. in the in vitro study the investigators will evaluate the effects of ampk activation or inhibition on longevity gene and protein expression.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pre-diabetes, defined as ifg (fasting glucose between 100 and 125 mg/dl) or igt (2h post-oral glucose load (75g) between 140 and 199 mg/dl); * age 40-75 years; * both genders. exclusion criteria: * type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus; * pregnancy, lactation; * acute, chronic or inflammatory diseases; * neoplasms; * immunological diseases, organ transplantation, steroid therapy; * uncontrolled arterial hypertension (systolic pressure \> 180 mmhg or diastolic \> 120 mmhg); * recent(within 3 months) surgical intervention or cardiovascular accidents; * known allergy to metformin.

Keywords: insulin resistance prediabetes longevity genes inflammation metformin
ultrasound assessment during exercise

Conditions: Low Back Pain

Summary: this study evaluates the ability of the transverse abdominis (tra) to contract during and after two different types of exercise - either sling based exercise or traditional core stability exercise. the tra is measured by real time ultrasound imaging. the investigators hypothesized that the sling based exercise would activate the tra to a greater degree and that there would be a greater activation after the exercise.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * low back pain with stabilization classification exclusion criteria: * fractures, neurological condition

Keywords: core redcord rusi low back
navigating the clinical research process for lymphoma

Conditions: Lymphoma

Summary: participation in medical research usually favors a particular demographic group. but there is limited research available to explain what trial attributes affect the completion of these specific demographic groups. this trial will admit a wide range of data on the clinical trial experience of lymphoma patients to determine which factors prevail in limiting a patient's ability to join or finish a trial. it will also try to analyze data from the perspective of different demographic groups to check for recurring trends which might yield insights for the sake of future lymphoma patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed diagnosis of lymphoma * participant must be 18 years of age or older * participant must be willing and able to comply with scheduled visits, treatment schedule, laboratory tests, and other requirements of the study. exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating woman * participant is actively receiving study therapy in another * inability to provide written informed consent

Keywords: lymphoma
improving hepatocellular carcinoma screening

Conditions: Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Screening; Contrast-enhanced US

Summary: this is a monocentric, single blind, interventional, single arm study. it is designed to compare the rates of detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) by ultrasound (us) used in clinical routine vs. abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging (amri). the hypothesis is that dynamic amri with extracellular contrast agent injection has a higher patient-level detection rate of hcc than screening us and non-contrast amri. interested and eligible patients will be enrolled and undergo hcc screening rounds including us +/- contrast-enhanced us (clinical routine) and screening mri within the same week bi-annually.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all adult patients with chronic liver disease and indication for hcc screening according to the european association for the study of the liver recommendations. * informed consent signed by the subject exclusion criteria: * history of hcc * history of other malignancy * prior liver nodule categorized as li-rad 4, 5 or m * history of liver transplantation * pregnancy * mri or mri contrast agent precaution * any other condition making the patient unsuitable for the study * patient's refusal of transmission of relevant medical conditions found on the medical examinations performed during the study
effect of hiit vs moderate intensity aerobic exercise on insulin resistance in type 2 dm

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus; Insulin Resistance

Summary: comparing between the efficacy of high intensity interval training and moderate intensity aerobic exercises on insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

the study aims at differentiating between high intensity interval training and moderate intensity continuous aerobic exercise in terms of their effect of insulin resistance in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. all participants will have lab analysis for serum homa-ir prior to intervention and after 1 month of treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. * diagnosed for more than 1 years at the time of the study. * patients with fair control of blood glucose using hypoglycemic drugs exclusion criteria: * type 1 (insulin dependant) diabetes mellitus patients. * patients with disability that can't perform exercises. * patient with known cardiovascular diseases. * patients with kidney/liver diseases