Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
aim 2 - conversations can save lives: talking about buprenorphine & methadone for opioid use treatment initiation

Conditions: Opioid Use Disorder

Summary: the increasing morbidity and mortality of the opioid epidemic has necessitated a reevaluation of current addiction treatment paradigms: medications for opioid use disorder, such as buprenorphine and methadone, are effective in decreasing one's risk of death and disability from opioid use, but are underutilized and often difficult to access. the 5000 emergency departments (eds) in the us are potential additional locales for medication initiation, but currently only a small minority of ed patients with opioid use disorder are started on medications. this study will refine and pilot an intervention called talk about it which aims to foster patient-centered care, 'meet patients where they are' for addiction treatment, and increase treatment initiation and adherence via facilitating shared decision-making in the ed around these potentially life-saving options.

participants (ed patients with untreated opioid use disorder) will be enrolled and followed prospectively before and after an ed-wide intervention training clinicians to use "talk about it," a paper-based conversation aid designed to foster shared decision-making about the decision to start methadone and buprenorphine. outcomes will include the initiation of medications, treatment adherence, and patient-reported outcomes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 16 and older * presenting with indications for medications for opioid use disorder (moud) initiation (opioid overdose, opioid withdrawal, complications of injection opioid use, untreated oud) * not currently on buprenorphine or methadone (in the past 7 days). (buprenorphine is fda approved for patients aged 16 and older, so 16- and 17-year-olds may be included with parental consent.) exclusion criteria: * no opioid use disorder (oud) * already on moud

Keywords: shared decision-making decision aid conversation aid patient-centered care addiction emergency medicine
open-label study of inhaled rvt-1601 in preterm infants

Conditions: Respiratory Morbidities of Prematurity (RMP)

Summary: preterm birth predisposes infants to greater risk for respiratory morbidities and the need for pulmonary care compared to term infants both in the short-term and long-term. in the short-term, preterm birth is a high risk factor for development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd), the second most common chronic pediatric respiratory disease after asthma. in the long-term, following discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) and the hospital, preterm birth carries a high risk for respiratory morbidities (e.g., wheezing, cough, doctor visits, and hospitalizations for respiratory infections) and resource use, which in turn predisposes infants to the development of lung diseases in childhood and adulthood, including airway hyperresponsiveness, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). there is a significant unmet need for safe and efficacious approaches in the prevention and treatment of respiratory morbidities of prematurity. the study will be conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) in preterm infants to determine safety, tolerability and lung delivery performance of rvt-1601, a new inhalation formulation of cromolyn sodium delivered via the eflow® closed system (cs) nebulizer/face mask.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * preterm infants between 32 weeks 0 days and 34 weeks 6 days of pma * born between 24 weeks 0 days and 29 weeks 6 days of estimated ga * requiring minimal or no respiratory support (i.e., supplemental oxygen with \<2 liters per minute of nasal cannula flow acceptable) * body weight appropriate for gestational age * written informed consent obtained from at least one of the parents or legal guardians exclusion criteria: * requiring invasive or noninvasive respiratory support (e.g., mechanical ventilation, cpap) * clinically unstable (i.e. unable to maintain spo2 between 90-95 % , escalating respiratory support in the past 24 hours) * major congenital anomaly (chromosomal, renal, cardiac, hepatic, neurologic or pulmonary malformations) * significant cardiac disorder (i.e., pulmonary hypertension) * history of major surgical procedure * any condition that would preclude receiving study drug or performing any study-related procedures * participation in any other investigational drug study * history of hypersensitivity or intolerance to cromolyn sodium
aerobic training on cardio-respiratory fitness and health related quality of life

Conditions: Hemiplegia, Spastic

Summary: stroke is a major health problem among egyptian population; an obvious raise in stroke prevalence in all egyptian governorates. most stroke survivors commonly develop disabilities those were correlated with restricted physical activity levels. stroke survivors' cardio-respiratory fitness has several negative impacts such as elevated risk of being affected by other cardiovascular diseases. so, the current study will be conducted to cover the lack in literature concerning the effect of aerobic training on cardiovascular endurance in stroke survivors aiming to faster recovery and reduce the risk of cardiac dysfunction and recurrent strokes.

stroke as a cerebrovascular accident has a significant prevalence, as well it was addressed a one of major etiologies for other comorbidities, even mortality. where, cardiac rehabilitation is a structured exercise program that almost designed to offer an opportunity to break the inactivity cycle, reduce associated cardiovascular risks, also improve perceived confidence and quality of life in stroke survivors . therefore, aerobic training could be defined as a core component that focuses on cardio-respiratory fitness, walking speed and endurance for stroke survivors. up on that, this clinical trial will be conducted to investigate the effect of aerobic training on cardiorespiratory fitness and health related quality of life in stroke survivors. it will be conducted on eighty post stroke patient (hemiplegic; 55-65 years old with functional ambulatory category more than 3) from outpatient clinic of neurological department of el-kasr el-aini hospital. they will be allocated into 2 groups; group a will involves 40 patients will receive aerobic training program, plus traditional physical therapy program. while, group b will involves 40 patients will receive traditional physical therapy program only. 6-menutes walk test, stroke impact scale are the outcome measures.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * both genders, * age range is 55-65 years old, * within one year post ischemic stroke, * right or left sided stroke, * hemiplegic and hemiparetic patients, * medications include anti-spastics, beta blockers, ace inhibitors, and diuretics. * functional ambulatory category of three or more, * hemodynamic stable, * did not participate in any other research study within at least 3 months. exclusion criteria: * sever anemia, * uncontrolled hypertension, or diabetes mellitus, * recent cardiothoracic surgeries, * cognitive disorders 'mini mental state exam less than 24' * auditory and visual problems, * dementia, * modified rankin score 3 or more, * seizure, * musculoskeletal disorders, * stroke or serious head trauma within last 3 months, * vertrobrobasilar stroke,
fremanezumab for the prevention of menstrually-related migraine attacks

Conditions: Menstrual Migraine

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to compare, in real-world clinical practice, the effect of fremanezumab on menstrual migraine to the effect of fremanezumab on non-perimenstrual attacks. the main question it aims to answer is, if menstrually-related migraine attacks respond equally well to anti-cgrp mab treatment with fremanezumab as non-menstrually-related attacks. participants diagnosed with episodic or chronic migraine with menstrually-related migraine with or without aura and treated with fremanzumab according to the smpc will be required to maintain a headache diary over at least 3 months prior to and 6 months after fremanezumab initiation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * premenopausal women of 18 years of age or older. * women with a regular cycle 21-32 days. * the patient has a diagnosis of chronic or episodic migraine. * women suffering from migraine with or without aura according to international headache society (ihs) classification (ichd-3 code a1.1.2 or a1.2.0.2) for at least one year. * women suffering of at least 2 days of menstrually-related migraine per period on average in the last three periods (baseline measurements and inclusion criteria). * the patient has been maintaining a daily headache diary as part of her routine disease management per her treating physician and has 3 months headache diary data prior to baseline/ treatment initiation. notes: the patient's headache diary captures information on each headache day, headache duration, headache severity, medication intake, each day of menstrual bleeding, pain intensity of symptoms associated with the menstrual bleeding and symptoms of endometriosis (if present): dysmenorrhoea, dyschezia, dyspareunia, dysuria. * the patient understands and is willing to keep records in their headache diary for the course of the study. * initiation of anti-cgrp mab (fremanezumab) treatment according to the summary of product characteristics (smpc) during clinical routine as a treatment of their physician (no study-specific intervention). this means that patients have to fulfil criteria for treatment with anti-cgrp mabs in switzerland, i.e. they have at least 8 days of migraine per month in the last three months. * the patient has signed the informed consent. exclusion criteria: * patients with pure menstrual migraine. * the patient is treated with another anti-cgrp mab. * the patient is not treated with fremanezumab according to the smpc. * the patient is being treated with another anti-cgrp-based preventive migraine medication within 6 months of enrolment. * the patient is participating in an interventional clinical trial in em or cm. * change of hormone therapy during study treatment. * progestin-only contraception.
faslodex 500mg multiple dose tolerability study in bc patients

Conditions: Advanced Breast Cancer

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to assess the tolerability of 500mg fulvestrant in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive, advanced or recurrent breast cancer


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * provision of written informed consent * postmenopausal woman who fulfils any one of the following criteria: * histological or cytological confirmation of breast cancer * estrogen receptor positive (er+) or progesterone receptor positive (pgr+). exclusion criteria: * having received any one of the following therapy for advanced or recurrent breast cancer * 2 or more regimens of hormonal therapy or immunotherapy or 2 or more regimens of chemotherapy, etc

Keywords: advanced breast cancer faslodex
amphotericin b suspension in refractory chronic sinusitis

Conditions: Chronic Sinusitis

Summary: the primary objective of the study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of amphotericin b suspension versus placebo in the complete resolution of key chronic sinusitis symptoms during 16 weeks of treatment in patients with refractory, postsurgical cs.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * has a diagnosis of refractory, postsurgical chronic sinusitis * has a documented history of chronic sinusitis symptoms for more than 12 weeks * a ct scan showing a certain level of mucosal thickening in at least 1 maxillary sinus * an endoscopy documenting the presence of inflammation and absence of stage 4 polyps * ability to comply with the study requirements including the ability to administer a nasal lavage twice daily for 4 months * females of childbearing potential must use adequate birth control methods and not plan to get pregnant during the course of the study. * ability to read or speak english exclusion criteria: * has a hypersensitivity to amphotericin b or the compounds of any study medications * is an immunosuppressed patient or is receiving disease modifying agents * has an acute upper or lower respiratory illness * has an acute exacerbation of chronic sinusitis within 1 month prior to randomization * has used systemic antibiotic therapy for reasons other than acute sinusitis within 3 weeks prior to randomization * has used any antibiotic therapy for acute complication of chronic sinusitis within 1 month prior to randomization * has orbital or central nervous system complications * has acute asthma at study initiation * began using nasal corticosteroids or had a dosage change within 3 months prior to randomization * has taken a dose of oral or intravenous steroids to treat any condition other than asthma within 1 month prior to randomization * has used any systemic antifungal therapy within 3 months prior to randomization * has used intranasal antifungal therapy for chronic sinusitis within 3 months prior to randomization * currently has a clinically significant deviated nasal septum that has not been remedied by surgery * has an anatomical abnormality which would significantly obstruct the nasal passages * has cystic fibrosis * is pregnant * has stage 4 polyposis * has any significant medical condition that in a doctor's opinion could affect the patient's participation in the trial * has used any investigational product within 1 month of study initiation * has a history of cancer other than treated squamous cell or basal cell carcinoma of the skin that has not been in full remission for at least 5 years prior to study initiation

Keywords: chronic sinusitis chronic rhinosinusitis
an intervention to improve communication between physicians and minority patients with hypertension

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: the objective of the project is a test-of-concept of an intervention to reduce the effects of the perception of discrimination on the care of patients with chronic illness. perception of discrimination manifests itself as stereotype threat. we hypothesize that stereotype threat impairs communication between minority patients and their physicians because of increased stress and diminished trust, resulting in interactions that are less successful at enhancing patient self-efficacy, in turn resulting in lower rates of adherence with anti-hypertensive medication. the intervention is a self-affirmation exercise performed prior to a patient-physician visit. a similar intervention has been shown to reduce the racial gap in academic performance in middle school classrooms. we will explore the mechanistic effects of the intervention by analysis of audiotapes of patient-provider visits following the intervention. we will measure the effect of the intervention on minority hypertensive patients' adherence with antihypertensive medication and blood pressure. we will enroll 200 african american and latino patients with hypertension and randomize 100 patients to perform the exercise and 100 patients to perform a null control exercise before the visit. we will assess change in patient's adherence with antihypertensive medications and in blood pressure over the six months following the index visit. in order to better understand the effects of the intervention we will measure subject's mood following the exercise, and self-reported stress levels, trust in the physician, and medication self-efficacy following the visit. we will also assess the quality of the patient-provider interaction from detailed analysis of audiotapes and from patient questionnaires. following a subsequent patient-physician visit, we will conduct telephone interviews with patients to assess for persistence of any effects of the intervention.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of hypertension * age \> 21 years * use of denver health as their usual source of care and pharmacy services * self-described race/ethnicity of african american or latino * ability to provide informed consent exclusion criteria: * pregnancy-related hypertension * end-stage renal disease * unable to speak or write english at at least a 6th grade level.
the effect of spice consumption on postprandial vascular function

Conditions: Cardiovascular Risk Factor

Summary: a 3-period randomized cross-over, controlled feeding study will be conducted to determine the effect of chronic spice consumption on postprandial vascular function. participants will consume three test diets containing different amounts of spice. each treatment period will last for 4 weeks. after each diet period a meal test will be conducted. participants will consume a meal with a spice content corresponding to the diet period they have just completed. endothelial function will be measured at 2 and 4 hours after meal consumption. blood samples will also be taken during the 4 hours after meal consumption for measurement of lipids, immune and inflammatory markers.

a 3-period randomized cross-over, controlled feeding study will be conducted to determine the effect of chronic spice consumption on postprandial vascular function, lipid levels, immune and inflammatory markers. participants will consume three test diets containing different amounts of spice. each treatment period will last for 4 weeks. at baseline and after each diet period a postprandial test will be conducted. flow mediated dilation (fmd) will conducted in the fasting state and a catheter will be inserted for blood sampling. participants will consume a control test meal containing low spice at baseline and after each diet period the test meal will contain a level of spice that corresponds to the amount of spice consumed during the diet period. blood samples will be taken at 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 minutes after meal consumption, and fmd will be performed at 120 and 240 minutes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: men and postmenopausal women overweight or obese (25-35kg/m2) non-smoking waist circumference \>= 94cm for men and \>=80cm for women at least one other of the following: * ldl- cholesterol \>130mg/dl * crp \>1mg/l * triglycerides \>=150mg/dl * hdl \<40mg/dl for men or \<50mg/dl for women * systolic blood pressure \>= 130mmhg or diastolic \>= 85mmhg * fasting glucose \>=100mg/dl exclusion criteria: * diabetes (fasting glucose \>126mg/dl) * hypertension (systolic blood pressure \>160mmhg or diastolic blood pressure \>100mmhg) * prescribed anti-hypertensive or glucose lowering drugs * established cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, liver, kidney or autoimmune disease * use of cholesterol/lipid lowering medication or supplementation (psyllium, fish oil, soy lecithin, phytoestrogens) and botanicals * pregnancy or lactation * weight loss of \>=10% of body weight within the 6 months prior to enrolling in the study * vegetarianism
pilot study of open label homocysteine management therapy in levodopa-treated parkinson's disease

Conditions: Parkinson&Amp;#39;s Disease

Summary: this is a research study investigating elevated homocysteine in the blood of patients with parkinson's disease who are currently receiving treatment with levodopa. we are evaluating if elevated homocysteine can be corrected using open label b vitamin therapy, as well as the impact of homocysteine levels on cognitive function.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. diagnosis of probable parkinson's disease according to movement disorders society criteria. 2. currently treated with levodopa at a minimum dose of 300 mg/day 3. montreal cognitive assessment (moca) ≥15 4. demonstrated capacity to provide informed consent. 5. 40-90 years of age 6. estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60 7. absence of uncontrolled hypertension in medical history 8. absence of insulin use exclusion criteria: -

Keywords: parkinson&amp;#39;s disease parkinson disease homocysteine
dental and periodontal changes following the acceleration of alignment of crowded lower anterior teeth using a surgical technique

Conditions: Crowding, Tooth

Summary: patients at the orthodontic department of the university of damascus dental school will be examined and subjects who meet the inclusion criteria will be included. then, initial diagnostic records (diagnostic gypsum models, internal and external oral photographs, and radiographic images) will be studied to ensure that the selection criteria are accurately matched. this study aims to compare two groups of patients with moderate crowding of the lower anterior teeth. experimental group: the patients in this group will be treated with periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics control group: the patients in this group will be treated using fixed appliances without any acceleration method.

correction of irregular teeth can take a long time, and this depends on various factors such as the good compliance of the patient, the amount of dental crowding, and the need for extraction in the course of orthodontic treatment. many methods have been used to accelerate tooth movement, and recently the paoo technique has emerged as an effective therapeutic intervention. paoo is a promising procedure but only a few cases were reported in the literature. controlled clinical and histological studies are needed to understand the biology of tooth movement with this procedure, the effect on teeth and bone, post-retention stability, measuring the volume of mature bone formation, and determining the status of the periodontium and roots after treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * skeletal class i malocclusion (anb=2-4) * normal vertical growth pattern. * moderate crowding of lower anterior teeth (i.e., 4-6 millimeters of a tooth size-arch length discrepancy) * 1 to 3 mm of overjet and 1 to 4 mm of the overbite * good oral health exclusion criteria: * medical, social, and psycho contraindications to oral surgery * presence of periodontal diseases * poor oral hygiene * previous orthodontic treatment

Keywords: paoo moderate crowding gingival index plaque index papillary bleeding index