Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
cxcr4-pet/ct for diagnosing giant cell arteritis

Conditions: Vasculitis; Diagnoses Disease

Summary: giant cell arteritis (gca) is the most common vasculitis in the elderly. accurate diagnosis is of utmost importance in order to then initiate the necessary immunosuppressive therapy. for large-vessel gca (lv-gca) involving the aorta and its branches, fdg-pet/ct is the standard in imaging for diagnosis and is recommended by the guidelines. however, this only indirectly visualizes inflammation through vessel wall uptake of glucose. a new pet tracer, 68ga-pentixafor, is used to visualize the chemokine receptor cxcr4. this receptor is expressed by cells of the immune system. in the context of inflammatory processes, upregulation of cxcl12, the ligand of cxcr4, occurs in affected tissues. the chemotactic effect of this ligand leads to the immigration of cxcr4-positive inflammatory cells into the inflamed area, which can be visualized by pet using the cxcr4-specific tracer 68ga-pentixafor. the value of cxcr4-pet should therefore be tested in the context of lv-gca. this study tests the benefit of cxcr4 in therapy-naïve patients with suspected lv-gca. for this purpose, patients will receive a fdg-pet and a cxcr4-pet for direct comparison. this is an imaging-only study. therapy will not be affected by the study. the study is single-arm and not blinded.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * new diagnosis of gca within 5 days of diagnosis or initiation or intensification of therapy. * evidence of inflammatory activity based on clinical parameters, elevated serologic markers of inflammation (crp \> 1.0 mg/dl), or a positive imaging finding on vasculitis mri, ccds, or fdg-pet/ct * ability of the patient to provide information * exclusion of contraindications for the performance of a pet/ct examination (see below) exclusion criteria: * contraindications for the performance of a pet ct examination * pregnancy * allergies * lack of capacity of the patient to give informed consent

Keywords: vasculitis lv-gca giant cell arteritis fdg-pet imaging cxcr4
quadratus lumborum block : effect on acute pain and quality of recovery after laparoscopic renal surgery

Conditions: Laparoscopic Renal Surgery; Pain Management; Nerve Block

Summary: this prospective, randomized study,control study aims to compare the analgesic effect,opioids consumption,quality of recovery,length of hospital stay and incidence of chronic pain,et al. between single-injection qlb(quadratus lumborum block)+ intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (ipca) and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (ipca) alone in patients undergoing laparoscopic renal surgeries.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18-70 yrs * american society of anesthesiologists physical statusⅰ-ⅲ * undergo laparoscopic nephrectomy * informed consent exclusion criteria: * a known allergy to the drugs being used * coagulopathy, on anticoagulants * analgesics intake, history of substance abuse * participating in the investigation of another experimental agent * inability to properly describe postoperative pain to investigators (eg, language barrier, neuropsychiatric disorder)
cycling in parkinson's disease

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a forced exercise aerobic exercise program, utilizing a cycling activity, on specific gait parameters and balance in individuals with parkinson's disease (pd). design: pilot, feasibility, randomized control, evaluator blinded. subjects: twenty four patients with idiopathic pd hoehn and yahr (h\&y) stage ii or iii. intervention: participants randomly assigned to one of two exercise groups, forced exercise or self selected exercise, on cycling machine three times a week for 8 weeks. both groups to exercise at same aerobic intensity level to keep heart rate at 60-80% heart rate max. outcomes: gait parameters of step length, width, and variability as measured by the gaitrite; 6 minute walk test; mini-bestest (balance testing); exercise tolerance via patient reported outcomes measurement information system (promis) scale.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * idiopathic parkinson's disease * hoehn and yahr stages ii - iii. * ages 30-80 years * medical clearance * ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * moca: (montreal cognition scale) : rating of less than 24, indicative of cognitive dysfunction * changes in parkinson's medications within the two weeks prior to starting the study * anticipated change in parkinson disease medications during the course of the study * uncontrolled orthostasis * symptomatic coronary artery disease * fracture of lower limb within 6 months prior to study onset or significant lower limb orthopedic diagnosis that would limit cycling * other significant neurologic diagnoses including multiple sclerosis or vestibular disease * acute illness * physical therapy within the month prior to study entry * subjects already participating in a forced exercise or high intensity exercise program * any medical condition that the physician investigator determined would compromise safety.

Keywords: parkinson disease exercise rehabilitation physical therapy cycling
neuroinflammation and modulating factors in depression and hiv

Conditions: Depression; HIV

Summary: determine if depression, which persists after depression treatment at 26 weeks, is associated with increased innate inflammation in a prospective cohort of hiv-infected ugandans receiving ssris in which group psychotherapy is initiated.

depression in hiv is a complex co-morbidity with both social factors such as stigma as well as biologic components. disruptions in neurotransmitters such as serotonin and catecholamines are known to cause depression. inflammation caused by diseases such as stroke, diabetes, and hiv is associated with higher rates of depression. hiv causes inflammation throughout the body, but since the virus can cross the blood-brain-barrier, hiv can replicate in and target the brain causing neuroinflammation which predisposes depression. however the pathophysiology of the role of inflammation in comorbid depression and hiv is poorly understood. 1. among depressed hiv-infected ugandans, determine if the resolution of depression at 26 weeks of hiv therapy is improved with group psychotherapy. 2. in the same population determine if persistent depression is associated with higher levels of innate inflammation. also, compare baseline and follow up inflammation among depressed compared to non-depressed control group. 3. evaluate if viral suppression levels at 26 weeks are improved by group psychotherapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: for the depressed patient arm, * newly-presenting clinic patients (\<3 months) * mild to moderately-severe depressive symptoms with phq-9 score \>5 but \<20 * not suicidal (phq-9 question 9 score \>2) * not receiving antiretroviral therapy (art) at screening * outpatient, not requiring hospitalization for the non-depressed patient arm, * newly-presenting clinic patients (\<3 months) * not suicidal (phq-9 question 9 score \>2) * not receiving antiretroviral therapy (art) at screening * outpatient, not requiring hospitalization exclusion criteria: - no additional exclusion criteria
the impact of snacks which vary nutritionally in their satiating potential on measures of appetite control

Conditions: Lack of Satiety; Hyperphagia

Summary: the current study will examine the effect of almond consumption (0.9g/kg dose) compared to an energy and weight matched comparator food or no food on measures of appetite control including appetite sensations, energy intake and food hedonics.

some individuals exhibit a weak satiety response to food and may be susceptible to overconsumption. snack foods can be substantial contributors to daily energy intake, with different types of snacks exerting potentially different effects on satiety per calorie consumed. the current study will compare the effect of consuming different snack foods on measures of appetite control including appetite sensations, energy intake and food hedonics in women with a weak satiety response. in a crossover design, female participants will consume three different mid-morning snacks: raw almonds, savoury crackers or water. appetite sensations, energy intake, food reward and craving will be assessed under controlled laboratory conditions. satiety responsiveness will be determined using the satiety quotient (sq).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants who have provided written informed consent. * healthy female participants aged 18-55 years. * bmi of 18.5 - 30.0 kg/m2. * regular breakfast eaters. * not currently dieting to lose, gain or maintain weight. * non-smokers. * liking/acceptance of the study foods (≥4 on 7-point likert scale). exclusion criteria: * taking medication known to affect appetite within past month and/or during the study. * any known food allergies or food intolerances. * participants who do not regularly eat breakfast. * participants with low liking or acceptance of the study foods. * participants currently dieting to lose, gain or maintain weight. * reported history of or present eating disorder. * bmi \ 30 kg/m2. * vegetarians.
human milk fortifiers and acid-base status

Conditions: Premature Birth

Summary: double-blind randomized controlled trial to investigate the impact of two human milk fortifiers on acid-base status and longitudinal growth and weight gain in preterm infants. two different compositions are tested, main difference is in electrolyte composiiton.

two groups each consisting of 15 infants with a birth weight below 2000g are studied.randomization is startified by three birth weigth classes (\<1000g, 1000-1500g,1500 - 2000g) human milk fortifier is introduced in two steps after oral feeding is achieved. two acid-base status and electrolyte concentrations are measured. when metabolic acidosis, defined as be \< -6 mmol/l, occurs fortifier feeding is stopped, and after a wash-out period of three days the alternative product is used.again, occurence of metabolic acidosis, need for oral bicarbonate and effect on longitudinal growth an weight gain are registered.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: growing premature infants with a birth weight \< 2000g exclusion criteria: congenital malformation chromosomal disorders sepsis metabolic disorders need for mechanical ventilation

Keywords: growth oral feeding nutrition
outcomes of patients treated with mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair for primary mitral regurgitation registry

Conditions: Mitral Regurgitation

Summary: this multinational, non-interventional, investigator-initiated, retrospective study aims to investigate outcomes of patients, who underwent mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (m-teer) for primary mitral regurgitation (pmr).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinically significant primary mitral regurgitation * patient underwent m-teer * echocardiography data at baseline, procedure and follow-up * follow-up of at least 12 months exclusion criteria * age under 18 years
a clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of biologics in spa

Conditions: Spondyloarthritis (SpA)

Summary: spondyloarthritis (spa) is one of the potentially debilitating inflammatory diseases that affect the whole body, primarily burdening the sacroiliac joints and the spine. it mostly affects young and middle aged adults. spa can be classified to non-radiographic axial spa (nr-axspa) and radiographic axspa (r-axspa). the latter is ankylosing spondylitis (as). the key to its early treatment is the radiological detection and management of sacroiliitis. to date, biologics is the most powerful anti-inflammatory drug. recent research has shown that diffusion-weighted imaging (dwi) outperforms the sequence recommended by the guidelines in diagnosing inflammation and assessing disease activity. preliminary research conducted by our team has also demonstrated that apparent diffusion coefficient (adc) is a valuable imaging biomarker. however, to date, no serum maker of comparable effectiveness has been identified. damage-associated molecular pattern (damp), including s100a8 and s100a9, high mobility group protein b1 (hmgb1) and tenascin-c (tnc), may play a role in inflammation by regulating the tlr4/myd88/nf-κb signaling pathways. the present study will enroll 20 patients with nr-axspa and 20 patients with as. it will utilize serum damp and adc to assess disease activity before and after treatment as well as the change in and correlations of treatment outcomes, in order to identify objective and quantifiable serum and imaging markers that are beneficial in clinical applications. adc is the primary outcome. the main hypothesis is that disease activity as measured by adc will be reduced after 1 year of treatment from baseline as compared to before treatment at baseline. study findings will indicate the utility of adc as an objective indicator of disease activity for guiding therapeutic approaches and improving dosage adjustment in clinical applications.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - diagnosed with non-radiographic or radiographic axial spa exclusion criteria: * unable to provide written consent * unable to undergo mri examination * pregnancy * unable to read and/or write chinese

Keywords: mri apparent diffusion coefficient biomarker damage-associated molecular pattern chinese
the impact of vitamin on the clinical course in cases infected by novel h1n1 influenza virus a

Conditions: H1N1 Influenza

Summary: influenza continues to inflict an important burden on health-care systems. the 2009 h1n1 influenza virus first appeared in mexico and the united states in march and april 2009 and has swept the globe with unprecedented speed. the aim of this study is to evaluate effect of supplement vitamin on the clinical course of patients with acute respiratory illness suspected novel h1n1 infection.

patients with acute respiratory illness randomized to control or vitamin groups. the patients completed questionnaire about their initial symptom scores. after 5 days of vitamin trial, patients were asked about their symptom by telephone survey.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 20 years * acute respiratory illness suspected h1n1 infection * acute febrile respiratory illness(bt \> 37.8) and throat pain or cough or nasal congestion exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * hypersensitivity to vitamin a * history of liver disease or renal disease * urinary stone disease

Keywords: influenza vitamin improvement of symptom
elimination of cd4+cd25+ regulatory t cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Conditions: Advanced HCC

Summary: it has been shown that patients with advanced hcc have an increased frequency of cd4+cd25+ regulatory t cells. these cells might suppress tumor-specific immune responses. cyclophosphamide has been shown to reduce the frequency of cd4+cd25+ regulatory t cells. the aim of this study is to test if the treatment with cyclophosphamide leads to a decrease in the frequency of cd4+cd25+ regulatory t cells and to increase tumor specific immune responses in patients with advanced hcc.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adequate wbc * adequate liver and kidney function * no immunodeficiency * ecog \< 2 exclusion criteria: * advanced liver cirrhosis * severe cardiopulmonary diseases

Keywords: hcc t cell
guanfacine to reduce relapse risk in women with alcohol use disorder (aud)

Conditions: Alcohol Abstinence

Summary: guanfacine may preferentially reduce craving and improve cognitive control in women with alcohol use disorder (aud), compared to men. as these behaviors are related to relapse, the objectives of this study are to conduct a 10-week out-patient clinical trial to examine the effects of guanfacine extended release (xr; 3mgs) versus placebo on drinking measures in women with aud.

gender-specific variation in sympathetic sensitivity (fox et al., 2014; fox and sinha, 2009; cahill, 2003; heinsbroek et al., 1991) may mean that guanfacine is particularly efficacious in attenuating drinking in women, rather than men with alcohol use disorder (aud). thus, the investigators propose a double blind, placebo-controlled, 10-week randomized clinical trial to examine the effects of guanfacine xr (3mgs/daily) versus placebo in 60 women with aud. this will include twice weekly appointments comprising medical management and contingency management protocols, collection of urine, breathalyzer screens, and vitals. measures of craving and mood will also be assessed. parallel laboratory challenge studies will also be conducted both on admission to out-patient treatment and again following 4 weeks of treatment, in order to better elucidate the potentially therapeutic mechanisms of guanfacine. participants will be exposed to a personal stress versus relaxing imagery condition, 1 condition per day, in a randomized order. craving, anxiety, mood, cognitive control, heart rate and blood pressure (hrbp), and biological stress system markers will be assessed at baseline, following imagery and at various recovery timepoints.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * must meet diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-v (dsm- v) criteria for moderate to severe alcohol use disorder (aud), * must produce positive urine toxicology screens on admission to study * must demonstrate good health as verified by screening examination * must be able to read english and complete study evaluations * must be able to provide informed written and verbal consent exclusion criteria: * meeting current use disorder for any other psychoactive substance, excluding nicotine. * having any other current axis i psychiatric disorders or medical conditions requiring treatment or medication * ekg evidence at baseline screening of any clinically significant conduction abnormalities including a bazlett's qtc (corrected qt interval) of \>470 msec. * must not be on monophasic contraceptives, nursing or pregnant.

Keywords: alcohol use disorder guanfacine stress craving gender relapse
the contributions of age related changes in the sound localization pathway to central hearing loss

Conditions: Healthy Individuals; Hearing Loss, Central

Summary: age-related hearing loss, presbycusis, affects up to 50% of american adults. there are two main causes for presbycusis: 1) progressive death of hair cells in the inner ear, and 2) central hearing loss, or the reduced ability to decipher the sound source of interest from other competing sounds in a multi-source complex environment. the first cause is better understood and treatment options, such as hearing aids and cochlear implants, are available. however, central hearing loss is not as well understood and there is not a treatment available at this time. this study aims to advance our understanding of central hearing loss by evaluating the abilities of younger and older listeners in two primary outcome measures: to 1) neurologically process sound stimuli and 2) focus on conversational speech in the presence of spatially-separated competing background noise. a test using auditory brainstem responses (abr) will be used to evaluate the brain's response to clicking sounds. this study will assess all waveform data, but will focus particularly on wave iii. sentence in noise tests will be used to assess each subject's ability to process speech in noisy situations. both the abr and sentence in noise tests are non-invasive and are commonly used in audiology practices to diagnosis and treat a variety of audiological pathologies.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subjects age ranges a. 21 years (inclusive) and 89years (inclusive) 2. subjects exhibiting no poorer than a mild hearing loss, defined as hearing thresholds no worse than 40dbhl at any test frequency 250-4000 hz based on pure tone audiometry 3. subjects scoring 26 or higher on a screening measure of cognitive status (montreal cognitive screening assessment; moca) exclusion criteria: 1. patients outside the age range of 21-89 2. patients with an air-bone gap greater than 10dbhl at any frequency 3. patients who are decisionally challenged and/or unable to complete speech perception testing. these patients are excluded based on the study requiring behavioral responses to some tests 4. patients with little command of the english language who are unable to understand and repeat back simple everyday english sentences. 5. illiterate patients 6. patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
a retrospective chart review of deceased patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type iiib

Conditions: MPS IIIB (Sanfilippo Syndrome)

Summary: the objective is to perform a retrospective chart review to generate data to evaluate the clinical characteristics and course of disease progression of mps iiib.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. the deceased patient was diagnosed with mps iiib as determined by either of the following: 1. documented deficiency of naglu enzyme activity. 2. documented functionally-relevant mutations in both alleles of the naglu gene. 2. patient's parent or legal guardian provides informed consent (unless the requirement for informed consent is waived by local regulations). 3. the availability of pre-defined information in the patient's clinical chart: exclusion criteria: there are no exclusion criteria for this study.

Keywords: mps iiib mucopolysaccharodosis iii mucopolysaccharidosis type iiib sanfilippo syndrome
relationship of smartphone use addiction with musculoskeletal system and cognitive flexibility

Conditions: Smartphone; Musculoskeletal; Cognitive Flexiblity

Summary: smartphones have become a part of everyday life, but with some problems. researches have pointed out that smartphone addiction can cause both physical and mental problems.

smartphones have become a part of everyday life, but with some problems. developments in communication technologies have also improved the capacities and limits of smartphones. this has led to the increased availability of smartphones in daily life. smartphones have become a part of everyday life, but with some problems. smartphone addiction has been an important topic of research and discussion as a type of addiction that develops depending on the frequency of smartphone use. researches have pointed out that smartphone addiction can cause both physical and mental problems. as a result of a study conducted in the literature, continuous use of smartphones has been found to cause sleep disturbances, stress, anxiety, decrease in physical activities and many diseases. in this study, the relationship between the concept of smartphone addiction and musculoskeletal problems and cognitive flexibility in young people will be investigated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * university students * without any known physical and/or psychological disorders * using a smartphone * volunteer exclusion criteria: have any physical and/or psychological disorders