Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the effects of imt on physical activity and quality of life in ltx candidates

Conditions: Lung Transplantation; Inspiratory Muscle Training

Summary: inspiratory muscle training (imt), which is used to strengthen the respiratory muscles, is one of the techniques used in pr. it is mostly used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and has been shown to be beneficial for functionality and also for relieving dyspnea perception. it is reported in the guidelines that imt has additional benefit for endurance in copd patients. however, there are no studies related to its use and effectiveness in lung transplantation. in this study, investigators hoped to increase these known benefits by adding imt to the standard pulmonary rehabilitation. there are two main objectives of this study: * to examine the effect of inspiratory muscle training on physical activity status and quality of life in lung transplantation candidates, * to compare physical activity and quality of life changes between the imt+pr group and the pr group

the patients in the lung transplantation waiting list were included the study. these patients were with severe lung disease requiring transplantation, and that the intervention was undertaken before any lung transplantation. the patients were eligible for inclusion if participitants have: a diagnosis of terminally severe lung disease, being listed for lung transplantation, medically stable, had no orthopedic or cardiac problems that would prevent them from exercising and had no transfer problem to the pr centre. participants who meet the study inclusion criteria and complete the baseline assessments were randomly allocated into one of the two groups: namely pulmonary rehabilitation plus inspiratory muscle training group (imt+pr) or pulmonary rehabilitation group (pr) using a numbered series of 34 prefilled envelops specifying group assignment generated by a computer-based program. all patients underwent supervised pr program on 2 days per week for 3 months. apart from that, participitant were asked to perform the home exercise program which was scheduled as 3 days per week and fill out the exercise follow-up form. the study group was provided with imt in addition to the standard program.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a diagnosis of terminally severe lung disease, * being listed for lung transplantation, * medically stable, * had no orthopedic or cardiac problems that would prevent them from exercising * had no transfer problem to the pr centre. exclusion criteria: * malignancy in the last 2 years, * other advanced major organ / system dysfunction that can not be treated outside the lung, * untreated non-pulmonary infection, * disputed medical treatment discontinuity, * untreatable psychiatric illness or psychosocial condition that interferes with treatment compliance, * no appropriate, reliable social support,

Keywords: lung transplantation inspiratory muscle training pulmonary rehabilitation quality of life physical activity
effects of different nasal irrigation methods on pain level, crying and procedure times in nasal congestion in infants

Conditions: Nasal Congestion; Nursing

Summary: this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different nasal irrigation (ni) methods for relieving nasal obstruction on pain, crying and procedure times, and physiologic parameters in infants with acute upper respiratory tract infection.

acute upper respiratory tract infections (urtis) are the leading cause of acute disease incidence worldwide. nasal saline irrigation (nsi) is a recommended approach to relieve nasal symptoms and maintain upper airway patency in children, offering a safe, inexpensive, and well-tolerated symptomatic treatment for children with urtis. nasal irrigation (ni) relieves urti symptoms by clearing mucus, reducing congestion, and improving breathing. ni techniques and irrigation solutions used to relieve nasal obstruction in infants are effective in providing procedural comfort. considering the effectiveness of ni in relieving nasal congestion, which negatively influences the quality of life of children, filling the gap in the literature on nsi is crucial. this study was conducted to determine the effects of various ni methods (ni/ni + nontraumatic nasopharyngeal aspiration) using different irrigation solutions on pain, crying and procedure times, and physiologic parameters in infants with urtis aged 6 months to 2 years.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infants aged between 6 months and 24 months, born at term, and recommended nsi for nasal cleansing by the physician due to a diagnosis of urti. exclusion criteria: * infants with chronic diseases, nasal congestion due to reasons other than urti, congenital anomalies related to the respiratory system, allergic rhinitis, unconsciousness, use of analgesics, antibiotics, and corticosteroids before admission to the hospital, and developmental retardation.

Keywords: infant nasal congestion nasal irrigation nasopharyngeal aspiration nursing
phase iia venous thromboembolism (vte) prevention study in total knee replacement (tkr)

Conditions: Venous Thromboembolism

Summary: this study was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of gw813893 in the prophylaxis of vte following tkr and to provide evidence to enable the selection of the appropriate dose(s) and dose regimen of gw813893 for future investigation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who are scheduled for primary elective unilateral total knee arthroplasty. exclusion criteria: * women who are not surgically sterile or post-menopausal * have a contra-indication to contract venography * have a known disorder associated with increased risk of bleeding or have been immobile up to 12 weeks before surgery.

Keywords: anti-thrombolytic direct factor xa inhibitor
safety and effectiveness of the calhoun vision light adjustable intraocular lens (lal)

Conditions: Cataracts

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to evaluate, for the visual correction of aphakia, the safety and effectiveness of the calhoun vision light adjustable intraocular lens (lal) and light delivery device (ldd) in treating postoperative residual refractive error by providing a stable, targeted refractive adjustment of the lal power and lock-in treatments with the ldd.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pre-operative regular corneal astigmatism less than or equal to 1.00 diopters by keratometry. * adults between the ages of 40 and 80 inclusive. * cataract causing reduction in best spectacle-corrected visual acuity to a level of 20/32 or worse. * best corrected visual acuity projected (by clinical estimate based upon past ocular history and retinal exam) to be 20/25 or better after cataract removal and iol implantation. * clear intraocular media other than cataract. * potentially good vision in the fellow eye with bcva 20/40 or better. * willing and able to comply with the schedule for power adjustment/lock-in treatments and the schedule for follow-up visits. * fully dilated pupil diameter of more than or equal to 7.0 mm. exclusion criteria: * zonular laxity or dehiscence. * pseudoexfoliation. * age related macular degeneration involving the presence of geographic atrophy or soft drusen. * retinal degenerative disorder that is expected to cause future vision loss. * diabetes with any evidence of retinopathy. * evidence of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. * history of uveitis. * significant anterior segment pathology, such as rubeosis iridis, aniridia, or iris coloboma. * corneal pathology that is either progressive or sufficient to reduce bcva to 20/25 or worse. * keratoconus or suspected of having keratoconus. * corneal dystrophy including basement membrane dystrophy. * previous corneal or intraocular surgery * systemic medication that may increase sensitivity to uv light such as tetracycline, doxycycline, psoralens, amiodarone, and phenothiazines. * complications during cataract surgery including posterior capsule rupture, zonular rupture, radial capsulorhexis tear, vitreous loss, iris trauma, corneal complications or any intraoperative abnormality that may affect the postoperative pupillary dilation, or the centration or tilt of the intraocular lens.
minnesota medicaid incentives to prevent chronic disease

Conditions: Prediabetic State

Summary: the objective of this study is to test whether two different participant financial incentive structures are more effective and cost effective than minimal financial incentives in increasing weight loss among minnesota medicaid beneficiaries at high risk of developing diabetes. the incentives are tied to participation and weight loss in the evidence-based group-delivered ymca diabetes prevention program (y-dpp). the investigators will conduct a group randomized trial that includes up to 150 y-dpp classes of 10-15 participants per class for up to 1500 medicaid beneficiaries participating in the y-dpp classes. this approach, if successful, will (a) improve weight loss. diabetes risk, and improve cardiovascular risk among medicaid beneficiaries at risk for developing diabetes and other chronic conditions, (b) demonstrate that prevention of chronic disease risk factors using patient incentives is cost-effective, and (c) provide a patient incentive model that can be widely used among medicaid beneficiaries at risk for developing diabetes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * currently enrolled in medical assistance, pmap, or minnesotacare (collectively referred to as medicaid) * 18-75 years of age * body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 (≥ 22 kg/m2 for those of asian descent) * have prediabetes or a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) exclusion criteria: * diagnosis of diabetes * pregnant at the time of enrollment * planning gastric bypass surgery within the next 12 months * diagnosed with alzheimer's disease (icd-9 331.0) or dementia (icd-9 290.0 - 294.9) * provider judgment regarding suitability for the study based on substance abuse, uncontrolled mental illness, or other conditions that may affect the participants health or ability to participate in the study.

Keywords: diabetes prevention financial incentives medicaid motivation
comparison of tramadol, pethidine and morphine in the treatment of pain after thoracic surgery

Conditions: Thoracic Diseases; Analgesia

Summary: comparison of analgesic effects of tramadol, aldolan and morphine under thoracic surgery

thoracotomy is one of the most painful surgical procedures known, and severe pain is encountered in 21-67% of patients after thoracotomy. the most important causes of this pain arise from the bone structures of the thoracic wall, damage to the costal joint junctions, stretching of the ligaments, rib fractures, and damage to the intercostal nerve and major muscles. another factor that causes pain after thoracotomy is the chest tubes placed in the thorax to provide drainage (1). as a result of this pain caused by loss of tissue and pulmonary reserve, effective coughing and decreased chest expansion can lead to serious complications such as atelectasis, ventilation/perfusion mismatch, hypoxemia, immobilization, thromboembolism and infection. these complications are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in thoracic surgery (2). ensuring pain management in patients undergoing thoracotomy is important in terms of reducing postoperative complications, ensuring early mobilization and increasing patient comfort. since there is no single source that causes pain after thoracotomy, pain must be controlled at all levels. for this reason, a multimodal approach using pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques is preferred in analgesia after thoracotomy. this approach reduces drug side effects along with the consumption of analgesics. opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used in pharmacological analgesia. in our study, the investigators aim to compare the effects of tramadol, pethidine and morphine using intravenous patient-controlled analgesia in the treatment of postoperative pain in elective thoracic surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * having non-urgent thoracic surgery * over 18 years old * being in group i-iii according to the american society of anesthesiologists (asa) classification * not have allergies to the drugs to be used (volunteers with diseases that prevent the use of drugs will not be included in the study * regardless of gender exclusion criteria: . have allergies to the drugs to be used

Keywords: thoracic surgery patient controlled analgesia postoperative care unit intensive care
shoulder profile among swimmers and badminton players

Conditions: Sport Injury; Shoulder Injuries

Summary: background: to compare the pre-season clinical measures with shoulder rotator strength and range of motion between bilateral (swimmers) and unilateral (badminton players) overhead athletes. design: prospective cohort study participants: 42 athletes were enrolled including 24 elite badminton players and 18 elite swimmers independent variables: a pre-season visit consisted in clinical and isokinetic shoulder strength testing. clinical testing consisted in the shoulder range of motion (rom) measurements aisokinetic internal and external rotator shoulder muscles strength was tested at 60. conventional and functional (eccentric-to-concentric) ratios (fr) were calculated.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all the elite badminton players from a high-level club and the national institute of sport, expertise, and performance * all the elite swimmers a high-level club exclusion criteria: * players who had ssi in the 3 months prior to the isokinetic test or had shoulder surgery
congenital biliary dilatation diagnosis based on 3d morphological characteristics

Conditions: Congenital Biliary Dilatation

Summary: congenital biliary dilatation necessitates timely intervention owing to potential complications. this study endeavors to enhance diagnostic precision using quantitative three-dimensional morphological characteristics. objectives involve developing models to differentiate congenital from secondary biliary dilatation and identify intrahepatic involvement. employing machine learning, robust diagnostic models aim to elevate clinical detection rates and improve accuracy.

congenital biliary dilatation is a primary anomaly affecting the biliary tract. it can involve the extrahepatic bile ducts, intrahepatic bile ducts, or the entire biliary system, including the common bile duct. patients with congenital biliary dilatation exhibit abnormal expansion of the bile duct system, which can lead to complications such as bile duct stones, pancreatic inflammation, and even bile duct cancer. timely and accurate diagnosis, followed by surgical intervention to remove the dilated bile duct lesion, is crucial for the treatment of choledochal dilation. however, the differentiation of congenital biliary dilatation in clinical practice poses challenges, primarily due to the limitations of subjective physician experience and macroscopic imaging features, making it difficult to achieve high sensitivity in discerning congenital biliary dilatation. particularly, in distinguishing between congenital biliary dilatation and secondary biliary dilatation, the similarities of the bile ducts limit the precision of clinical decisions. therefore, this study aims to address the current challenges in the differential diagnosis of congenital biliary dilatation and secondary biliary dilatation by quantitatively describing the morphology of dilated bile ducts. moreover, this study plans to build a predictive model of intrahepatic bile duct dilatation to provide more comprehensive clinical support. specifically, the research objectives are outlined as follows: 1. establish a diagnostic model for congenital biliary dilatation utilizing three-dimensional morphological characteristics, especially quantitative shape- and diameter-based characteristics, to enhance the accurate discrimination between congenital biliary dilatation and secondary biliary dilatation. 2. develop a model for identifying intrahepatic involvement of congenital biliary dilatation, aiming to provide more precise information for surgical planning and supportive treatment. 3. construct robust diagnostic models using machine learning with quantitative three-dimensional morphological characteristics, aiming to increase clinical detection rates and accuracy, thereby achieving risk stratification for patients with biliary dilatation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patients with biliary dilation who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography (cect) at beijing tsinghua chang gung hospital from 2014 to 2022. exclusion criteria: * patients without pre-operative cect scans or developing cholangiocarcinoma due to congenital biliary dilatation.
use of intravitreal bevacizumab in eyes with choroidal neovascularization secondary to angioid streaks

Conditions: Angioid Streaks; Choroidal Neovascularization

Summary: intravitreal bevacizumab is an effective treatment for choroidal neovascularization secondary to angioid streaks

a consecutive case series of patients with angioid streaks that developed subfoveal choroidal neovascularization were treated with a primary 2.5 mg injection of bevacizumab (avastin) intravitreally. all patients were evaluated with bcva at 1, 2 , 4 and 12 weeks and oct and fluoresceine angiography at month 1 and 3. (patients will be follow 6 months)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of angioid streaks * choroidal neovascularization associated * untreated patients or patients treated once with pdt exclusion criteria: * ocular surgery excepting uncomplicated phacoemulsification * glaucoma or any other ocular pathology

Keywords: angioid streaks choroidal neovascularization bevacizumab
cerebral microdialysis in patients with fulminant hepatic failure

Conditions: Fulminant Hepatic Failure

Summary: patients with fulminant hepatic failure (fhf) often develop cerebral edema, high intracranial pressure (icp)that may result in fatal brain damage. the aim in this protocol is to determine if a rise in the brain concentration of glutamate, lactate and pyruvate are involved in development of surges of high icp in patients with fhf. the study is observatory in nature and also record the influence of any intervention that may e instituted during the course of the critical illness.

fulminant hepatic failure (fhf) is often complicated by cerebral edema, high intracranial pressure (icp) and brain death. accordingly the intracranial pressure is often monitored in such patients in order to be able to institute treatment before high icp evolves. as routinely done in patients with severe head injury a microdialysis monitoring catheter is also placed under this procedure to measure metabolic changes that are responsible for surges of high icp. the aim in this descriptive protocol is to determine if a rise in glutamate, lactate and pyruvate concentration in the brain cortex are involved in development of surges of high icp in patients with fhf. the study is observatory in nature and also record the influence of any intervention during the course of the critical illness.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients with fulminant hepatic failure exclusion criteria: * age below 18 years * pregnancy * not obtained informed consent * suspicion of cancer disease * no pupil reaction to light

Keywords: ammonia acute liver failure brain edema oxidative metabolism intracranial pressure
prediction using connected technologies for diabetes

Conditions: Pre-Diabetes

Summary: in this study, adults with pre-diabetes will be prospectively enrolled for data collection to design prediction models that integrate electronic health record data and patient-generated activity data. patients will be randomized to receive either a waist-worn or wrist-worn wearable device for 6 months to capture patient-generated activity data.

patients with suboptimal glycemic control could be better managed if these higher risk patients could be identified and effective interventions were then targeted towards them. however, most practice settings perform infrequent laboratory testing every 3 to 6 months, if not at longer intervals. current models to predict change in glycemic control perform poorly and do not take into account the behaviors that occur between these intervals. in this study, we will compare different methods to use data on daily health behaviors collected by wearable devices to enhance risk prediction models. adults with pre-diabetes will complete a series of surveys and baseline assessments and then will be randomly assigned to use a waist-worn or wrist-worn wearable device for 6 months. measures of hba1c and ldl will be obtained at baseline and at 6 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. be 18 years or older 2. be able to provide informed consent 3. have a smartphone or tablet compatible with the wearable device smartphone application and be willing to use the wearable device for 6 months 4. baseline hemoglobin a1c of 5.7 to 6.4 exclusion criteria: participants will no be eligible if they have any medical condition or other reason that will likely prohibit them from completing the 6-month study

Keywords: pre-diabetes diabetes wearable devices mobile health