Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effect of elevated intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients during femtolaser cataract surgery

Conditions: Glaucoma; Cataract

Summary: the use of the femtosecond laser causes an increase in the intraocular pressure (iop) between 100 mm hg and 200 mm hg for a period of about 80 seconds (suction phase). if it is known that elevated iop accelerates the degradation of retinal ganglion cells, whose axons form the optic nerve. no data has been published to date on potential adverse effects of femtolaser cataract surgery performed in patients with glaucomatous optic neuropathy. since some time, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (sd -oct) provides a detailed analysis of ganglion cell complex (gcc) for which the loss is a marker of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. the resolution of this device, about a few microns, can detect even a tiny loss of this layer. the investigators propose to evaluate the effects of elevated intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients undergoing femtolaser cataract surgery, studying the gcc through sd-oct.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * scheduled bilateral cataract surgery * bilateral known glaucoma confirmed at the preoperative consultation (glaucoma group) or absence of glaucoma in both eyes at confirmed the preoperative consultation (control group). exclusion criteria: * ophthalmologic pathology known other than glaucoma * diabetes * untreated hypertension * multiple sclerosis * graves' disease * sarcoidosis * patient taking toxic drug for the optic nerve and the retina * neurodegenerative disease * all general diseases that can affect the ocular structures * eye surgery history * patient's opposition to participation in the study, according to the law on research into routine care * absence of affiliation to social security or to universal medical coverage * legally protected patient * pregnancy or breastfeeding
study of imiquimod 5% cream in addition to cryotherapy in the management of actinic keratoses

Conditions: Keratosis; Actinic Keratosis

Summary: study aims: * to compare the long-term efficacy and safety of imiquimod versus vehicle used as an adjunct to cryotherapy. * to assess and compare the recurrence rate and time to recurrence of the 2 different treatment groups. hypothesis: the imiquimod arm will produce a more prolonged clearing of actinic keratoses (ak) compared to the vehicle arm.

evaluation of: (i) topical imiquimod 5% cream or (ii) vehicle cream used two times weekly for eight weeks starting two weeks post cryotherapy. study aims: * to assess and compare the recurrence rate and time to recurrence of the 2 different treatment groups. * to assess and compare the efficacy of the 2 different treatment groups. * to assess and compare the safety of the 2 different treatment groups. study design: 6 visits over 62 weeks

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of actinic keratosis with 4 or more discreet lesions on the face or balding scalp. lesions must be within a treatment area not exceeding 50 cm2 (combined total must not exceed 50 cm2) * women of childbearing potential using appropriate contraceptive methods exclusion criteria: * previous treatments with imiquimod for ak in the prescribed area within the past 5 months or cryosurgery in the same area within the past 4 weeks. * patients unwilling to stay out of the sun or wear protective clothing or to use sunscreen with a minimum of spf 15 during the study. * basal or squamous cell carcinomas in the prescribed treatment area in the past 2 years.

Keywords: actinic keratosis cryotherapy imiquimod
dietary interventions in type 2 obese diabetic patients in the community

Conditions: Diabetes Type 2

Summary: obese patients with type 2 diabetes often fail to loose weight and thus do not succeed in improving their sugar and lipid profiles and remain at high risk for diabetes complications the study enrolled 259 obese diabetic patients attending hmo clinics in central israel. over a 6 month period the participants met with a dietitian every fortnight and attended group lectures every 2 months. the objective of this intervention was to compare three dietary intervention along with close monitoring of the patients by dietitians, regarding blood lipid and sugar balance as well as weight loss. the three diets are the american diabetes association (ada) diet from 2003; a diet containing low glycemic index carbohydrate otherwise similar to the ada diet; and a low glycemic index diet with more fat than the other 2 diets with high proportion of mono-unsaturated fatty acids. patients were individually randomized to receive one of the three diets. among the measures obtained every 3 months for the first year and every 6 months thereafter are weight, fasting insulin and glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood and urine chemistry profiles and lipid profile.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age 30-65years 2. dm2 diagnosed within 1-10 years 3. body mass index (bmi) 27-34 kg/m² 4. last hba1c measurement 7%-10% 5. last plasma triglyceride (tg) levels 160-400 mg/dl 6. last serum creatinine less than 1.4 mg/dl 7. no change in diabetes medication for at least three months before entering the study exclusion criteria: 1. proliferative diabetic retinopathy 2. current insulin treatment 3. active oncologic or psychiatric disease 4. uncontrolled hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism
the effect of reflexology on radiation-related fatigue in breast cancer patients

Conditions: Fatigue

Summary: oncologic patients often report increased fatigue during and after radiation therapy. reflexology treatment has been demonstrated to alleviate symptoms of fatigue, nausea, and anxiety in oncologic patients treated with chemotherapy. the aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of reflexology on fatigue, quality of life, and quality of sleep of breast cancer patients during and after radiation therapy.

reflexology (foot massage) is a complementary medicine technique which is performed by manual pressure on specific areas of the feet. reflexology is based on a system of zones and reflex areas that are believed to reflect an image of the body on the feet with a premise that such work effects a physical change to the body. the effect of reflexology on fatigue, quality of life, and quality of sleep of 20 breast cancer patients during and after radiation therapy will be compared to age-matched control group of 20 breast cancer patients treated by radiation therapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * breast cancer adult patients scheduled to receive adjuvant radiation therapy exclusion criteria: * open wounds or evidence of metastases on the lower limbs * touch therapy or other complementary therapy other than intervention procedure

Keywords: breast cancer radiation therapy reflexology fatigue quality of life sleep disturbance
finnish tennis elbow trial pilot study

Conditions: Tennis Elbow

Summary: the study aims to investigate the natural course and the results of operative treatment of chronic tennis elbow (te). chronic is defined as symptoms having lasted for more than a year. the investigators will also study the effect of pain catastrophising on the subjective outcome, the patient acceptable symptomatic state and the response shift phenomenon in te. the study will also ascertain the feasibility of a multi-center randomised, controlled trial (rct), and test and refine the co-operation and interaction of the planned rct centers.

objectives: 1. to study the natural course of tennis elbow/spontaneous recovery of chronic (lasting for over 12 months) tennis elbow and the results of surgery in a pragmatic setting. 2. to investigate the patients' expectations of the treatment, and define the patient acceptable symptomatic state, or pass, in tennis elbow. 3. to investigate the effect of pain behaviour on treatment results and pass. 4. to delineate the existence of a potential "response shift" -phenomenon in patients with a tennis elbow. 5. to determine the feasibility of a prospective, placebo-controlled, randomised trial by finding out the actual number of patients in each center and those that may be suitable for the finite-rct. the investigators will also test the functioning and response of the planned outcome measures in this environment and for this purpose. study setting the study is carried out as a prospective open-label multi-center cohort study. the study was originally planned with a follow-up up to 10 years, but the cost-benefit of the long term follow-up was evaluated after the completion of one year data collection, and the decision was made to shorten the follow-up to include two year data, but no further follow-ups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. clinically diagnosed tennis elbow defined as: pain on the lateral side of the elbow, made worse by pressure applied on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and during resisted extension of the wrist or when making a fist with the elbow joint straight. 2. duration of symptoms over 10 months 3. age between 35 and 60 years 4. ability to fill in finnish questionnaires 5. written informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. earlier fracture or dislocation in the elbow joint area 2. earlier surgical treatment of the same elbow joint 3. congenital deformity in the elbow 4. systemic muscle, tendon, nerve or joint disease 5. other problems causing pain the elbow joint: 1. pain in the medial epicondyle of the elbow 2. pain in the biceps muscle tendon 3. painful snapping or crepitus of elbow joint 4. instability of elbow joint (table top, posterolateral drawer test) 6. a passive movement limitation of more than 10 degrees in the elbow joint 7. abnormal finding in an elbow joint x-ray. an elbow joint x-ray is a routine examination of elbow symptoms.

Keywords: tennis elbow lateral elbow pain latera epicondylitis
nutritional risk and use of health care services

Conditions: Nutritional Risk; Malnutrition

Summary: this longitudinal observation study investigates associations between nutritional risk in adults aged 65+ and use of health services, morbidity and mortality. the first hypothesis is that older service users at nutritional risk will use a higher number of services/consultations and have a higher morbidity and mortality, compared to older patients not at nutritional risk. further, the study evaluates the usefulness of the tool 'nutrition plan'. the second hypothesis is that older service users at nutritional risk who have a nutrition plan have lower subsequent morbidity and mortality, compared to older service users at nutritional risk without a nutrition plan.

the study is divided into two main parts, based on two different populations. study a: article 1 is based on 'the undernutrition registry' in helse bergen local health authority, norway. the undernutrition registry is a cohort of patients (n=20 000) screened for nutritional risk at haukeland university hospital (hus) during point prevalence surveys between 2008 and 2018. the point prevalence surveys included all adult patients in somatic departments, and were performed 2-4 times per year. detailed descriptions of the data collection can be found in tangvik et al. (2012). previous analysis showed that 43% of the patients in the sample were above 70 years, thus we expect the sample in the study to constitute approx. 9000 patients ≥ 65 years. nutritional risk was determined by 'nutritional risk screening 2002' (nrs2002). information on nutritional risk will be linked to data on health care use and outcomes from the hospital's patient administrative electronic database (length of stay, number of hospital stays, morbidity in terms of number and severity of diagnoses and death). study b: articles 2 and 3 are based on a cohort of older service users (≥65 years) with information on nutritional variables from the 'kommunalt pasientregister' (kpr)-registry in the period 2016-2018 (n=270,560). municipalities report data on nutritional risk screening and nutritional plan for individual service users in kpr. these nutritional data will be linked to data from 'the norwegian patient registry' (npr). npr includes information about diagnosis and use of specialist services for all patients who have received or are waiting for treatment/consultations in specialist health care services (hospitals and outpatient clinics). nutritional status and use of 'nutritional plan' will be entered as independent variables in regression and survival analysis models with health service use (type, extent) or mortality as outcome variables.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * study a. patients in hospital aged 65+ * study b. all service users in municipalities aged 65+ exclusion criteria: * age \<65 years

Keywords: older population health services
lifestyle modification intervention in pre-diabetic subjects

Conditions: PreDiabetes

Summary: the lifestyle intervention program focusing on healthy dietary habit and exercise effectively prevents progression to diabetes. thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of lifestyle intervention program on pre-diabetics subjects in taiwan.

the study is a 2-parallel groups' randomized controlled trial. participants with elevated fasting plasma glucose concentrations (fpg 100-125 mg/dl) or glycated hemoglobin (hba1c 5.7-6.3%) are enrolled. all study subjects are randomized to receive a lifestyle intervention (intervention group) or regular prevention education (control group). the parameters are obtained from physical examination and biochemical assessments by well-trained case manager at baseline and each follow visit (3th months, 6th months and 12th months). all participants complete a structured questionnaire, including basic information, disease history, physical activity, food-frequency, stage of change, and social support situation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 40 years old or over * elevated fasting plasma glucose concentrations (fpg: 100-125 mg/dl) or glycated hemoglobin(hba1c: 5.7-6.3%) exclusion criteria: * having received a diagnosis of diabetes or receiving treatment for diabetes in 3 years * having a history of cardiovascular disease, stroke, liver disease, kidney disease, cardiopulmonary disease, malignancy or cancer and musculoskeletal impairment * receiving corticosteroids, androgens, estrogen containing compounds * who had dietary problem * pregnant women * who joined other health intervention study in one year.

Keywords: lifestyle intervention prediabetes
physical activity program implementation in hospitalized positive covid-19 older adults

Conditions: COVID-19 Infection

Summary: our hypothesis was that physical activity program will be acceptable and may counteract physical and mental decline among older adults hospitalized in covid-19 unit

the 30 second chair test, balance with joint-feet and semi-tandem stance, and 4 meters comfortable walking test were evaluated. depending on their score, a specific physical activity (pa) program was selected and explained. the program was printed, explained and left in the room. this intervention included 5 different pa programs. final evaluation (one day before leaving the unit) recording physical performance (same physical tests used for inclusion evaluation), hospital anxiety and depression (had) score, activities daily living (adl) and self-satisfaction of the program.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 75 years and over * hospitalized in a french covid-19 geriatric unit * positive covid-19 infection made by real-time polymerase chain reaction covid-19 or suspected on thoracic lesions on computerized tomography. exclusion criteria: * exclusion of patients of palliative care, * severe dementia or mini mental state examination (mmse) \[14\] below 18/30 * acute covid-19 complication. * activities of daily living \< 2/6

Keywords: older adults hospital physical activity program
effect of exercise training in patients with pulmonary hypertension

Conditions: Hypertension, Pulmonary

Summary: pulmonary hypertension (ph) is a serious disease with a dismal prognosis when left untreated. advances in medical therapy have improved survival according to recent registries and systematic reviews, but are associated with high healthcare costs. earlier studies in heidelberg, germany showed good evidence for the effect of exercise training on improving exercise performance, quality of life and pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with pulmonary hypertension. the main objectives of the present project are: 1. to investigate the quality of the implementation of a standardized 3 week in-hospital exercise training program on markers of outcome and disease severity in ph-patients in switzerland immediately after training and after 3 and 12 month. 2. to look whether training with hyperoxia vs. standard care might be more effective. this is a multicentre, randomized parallel-group trial where the intervention rehabilitation is delayed in one group so that they can serve as standard care controls for the others. in a nested single-centre randomized-controlled trial patent will additionally be randomized to receive either usual rehabilitation (ur) or rehabilitation with standardized supplemental oxygen therapy (ssot) during nights and ergometer training. patients will receive a ph specific rehabilitation program during 3 weeks followed by an instructed home-based training program for 12 weeks. patients who are not already under long-term oxygen therapy (ltot) due to daytime hypoxemia will additionally be randomized to receive standardized supplemental oxygen therapy (ssot) during training and nights upon written informed consent.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * who functional class ii-iv * ph diagnosed by right heart catheter showing: * baseline mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mpap) ≥ 25 mmhg * baseline pulmonary vascular resistance (pvr) \> 240 dyn x s x cm-5 * baseline pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (pcwp) ≤ 15 mm hg * patients receiving maximal ph therapy including intensified treatment with diuretics and who have been stable for 2 months before entering the study * ph target therapy should not be expected to change during the entire 15-week study period * negative pregnancy test (β-hcg) at the start of the trial * able to understand and willing to sign the informed consent form exclusion criteria: * ph due to significant left heart disease (wedge ≥ 15mmhg) or lung disease (fev1 ≤ 60% predicted) * pregnancy at study onset * walking disability * any change in disease-targeted therapy within the last 2 months * any subject who is scheduled to receive another investigational drug during the course of this study * any other relevant concomitant disease * systolic blood pressure \< 85 mmhg * history or suspicion of inability to cooperate adequately

Keywords: pulmonary arterial hypertension chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension rehabilitation oxygen
effect of oral neuromuscular training on swallowing

Conditions: Dysphagia

Summary: in this randomized controlled trial the investigators wish to investigate the effect of an oral neuromuscular training device (called iqoro) on swallowing function and time until decannulation from a tracheostomy tube, in patients admitted for neurorehabilitation due to a severe acquired brain injury.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cuff tracheostomy tube exclusion criteria: * not able to comply with iqoro exercises * 3 weeks evaluation stay at the hospital

Keywords: dysphagia
loss of a healthy weight advantage among mexican-american children

Conditions: Overweight and Obesity

Summary: although research indicates foreign-born mexican-americans possess a healthy weight advantage relative to u.s.-born mexican-americans, patterns are less clear for children and may be changing over time. the objective of this study was to examine whether the relationship between nativity and overweight/obesity has changed over time among mexican-american children and to investigate the implications of this pattern on overweight/obesity disparities relative to non-hispanic whites. using cross-sectional data from mexican-americans and non-hispanic white children ages 4-17 years participating in the national health and nutrition examination surveys (1988-1994 (n=4,718) and 2005-2014 (n=7,269), the investigators used log-binomial regression to calculate prevalence ratios (pr) of overweight/obesity by nativity status adjusting for age, sex, householder marital status, householder education, survey period and a nativity by survey period interaction. the investigators also tested another covariate-adjusted model with a 3-level ethnicity-nativity variable that included whites and an ethnicity-nativity by survey period interaction.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * mexican-americans and white children who attended the clinical examination in nhanes iii and the continuous nhanes exclusion criteria: * reported being pregnant
frequency of hyperparathyroidism in postmenopausal osteoporosis and its treatment

Conditions: Postmenopausal Osteoporosis; Postmenopause; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary; Hypovitaminosis D; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary

Summary: recently, an increase in the prevalence of hyperparathyroidism and hypovitaminosis d in postmenopause women has been occurring in mexico and the world. chronic exposure to the parathyroid hormone (pth) is catabolic for the bone, worsening the state of osteoporosis. however, it is unclear whether these conditions could significantly improve bone mineral density (bmd). in the present work, it was shown that the resolution of hyperparathyroidism in postmenopausal women improves osteoporosis.

this study was an open clinical trial conducted in mexican women diagnosed with postmenopausal osteoporosis and hyperparathyroidism associated or not with hypovitaminosis d from the climacteric clinic of the regional hospital "1o de octubre" of the institute of security and social services for state workers (issste). an integral clinical evaluation with pth and vitamin d measurement was first done to determine the frequency of primary hyperparathyroidism and hypovitaminosis d. likewise, a thyroid ultrasound was done. then, 8000 iu of vitamin d were orally administrated for four weeks. statical analysis was performed using past 3.0 and graphpad prism 8.4.3. software. the arithmetic median (µ) and standard deviation (s.d.) were calculated using excel-word. graphics were constructed with graphpad prism 8.4.3 and tables with excel-word. categorical variables were analysed with chi-squared or fisher exact test depending on the number of participants in each cell. normality was determined using the shapiro-wilk test. to compare two paired samples, the wilcoxon signed-rank test was utilized. to perform correlations, the spearman correlation coefficient was used. the assigned α value for this study was \<0.05. in all cases, if a montecarlo permutation was available, the exact p-value was taken instead of the raw p-value.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * acceptance to participate in the study with informed consent. * postmenopausal osteoporosis or osteopenia. * primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism. * insufficiency or deficiency of vitamin d. * multi-treated postmenopausal osteoporosis. * postmenopausal osteoporosis without treatment. exclusion criteria: * different osteoporosis aetiology not related to oestrogenic deficiency. * thyroid pathology. * previous treatment with vitamin d, thiazide diuretics, lithium, teriparatide or glucocorticoids. * known allergies to vitamin d. * addison's disease, pheochromocytoma, and depressive disorders.

Keywords: vitamin d postmenopause osteopenia osteoporosis bone mineral density hyperparathyroidism