Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
tnths for identification myocardial infarction

Conditions: Acute Coronary Syndrome

Summary: objectives/background: we sought to determine the early diagnostic value of the new high sensitive cardiac troponin t assay (tnths) in suspected acute coronary syndrome (acs) and to compare it with the 4th generation ctnt assay from the same manufacturer, myoglobin and heart-type fatty acid binding protein (h-fabp). methods: the study consisted of 94 patients with chest pain admitted to the chest pain unit with the diagnosis of suspected acs without st-elevation. patients were divided according to time from onset of symptoms to presentation into an early presenter group (\<4 hours) and a late presenter group (≥4 hours). a median of 6 samples (range 2-8) were available per patient. the diagnostic performance of tnths was assessed using roc analysis and areas under the curve (auc) of baseline and follow-up results of tnths, ctnt, myoglobin, and h-fabp were compared using c-statistics. results: the tnths assay allows an excellent prediction of non-st-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (non-stemi) at presentation.a follow-up sample improves diagnostic performance in a time dependent manner. the auc of the tnths was superior to ctnt at all time points. conclusions: a baseline sample of tnths allows an earlier prediction of non-stemi than the less sensitive and precise 4th generation ctnt assay. the excellent performance of tnths at baseline and follow-up might obviate the need for other early necrosis markers.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * consecutive patients with acs exclusion criteria: * patients with st-segment elevation at presentation were excluded as were patients with muscular trauma, or severe kidney dysfunction defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate below 60 ml/min/1.73m2. * in addition patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention during follow-up sampling were also excluded

Keywords: high sensitive troponin t; cardiac necrosis; early detection; myoglobin; h-fabp early identification and risk stratification of patients with suspicious acute coronary syndrome
clinical explorative optical breast investigations

Conditions: Benign Breast Tumors; Malignant Breast Tumours; Healthy

Summary: this study evaluates diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoacoustic imaging for differentiating healthy, benign, and malignant breast tissue by identifying their optical profiles.

breast cancer is the most prevalent cancers among women worldwide. current diagnostic modalities have notable limitations. mammography exposes patients to harmful ionising radiation whilst mri often requires intravenous contrast agents. additionally, diagnosing breast cancer frequently relies on invasive biopsies, which can cause patient discomfort. this study investigates the potential use of two optical modalities, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (drs) and photoacoustic imaging (pai), as non-invasive diagnostic tools for breast tissue analysis. advantages include use of non-ionising radiation, contrast-free imaging, and the ability to assess tissue properties in detail. drs is a non-image based hand-held modality that utilises white light to generate optical signals. pai is a hybrid biomedical imaging modality that combines traditional ultrasound with optical imaging. the latter generates a functional image that can potentially assess oxygenation levels which is known to be different in healthy vs cancerous tissue. the study will focus on analysing three types of human breast tissues: healthy tissue, benign lesions (such as fibroadenomas), and malignant lesions (invasive breast carcinomas). by identifying the unique optical signatures of each tissue type, the research aims to evaluate the feasibility of these optical techniques as complementary tool to traditional imaging methods for diagnosing or monitoring breast cancer in the future.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * solitary malignant or benign biopsy verified tumour \> 1 cm * understands written and oral swedish exclusion criteria: * previous breast surgery * has received neoadjuvant chemotherapy * skin burns in on the chest

Keywords: breast optical imaging photoacoustic spectroscopy
evaluation of adherence to topical agents: applying communication technology to improve sunscreen use

Conditions: Skin Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if using an electronic reminder improves adherence to sunscreen use. the specific study aims are as follows: 1. to determine whether the use of electronic reminder system increases adherence to topical agents. 2. to assess technological feasibility of measuring adherence to topical agents using electronic monitors specially designed for tubes. 3. to assess technological feasibility of providing electronic reminders using cellular phone text-messaging system. 4. to obtain subjects' feedback on the adherence monitoring and reminder system.

we propose to use communication technology to develop a novel means of monitoring and improving adherence to topical agents. we will conduct a randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial to assess the impact of automated reminder system on adherence rates to sunscreens. this study will involve designing an electronic monitoring device specifically for topical agents and creating a platform for an automated reminder system. the electronic monitoring devices will be adaptable to tubes of varying shapes and sizes, and they will send sms messages to a central server in real-time each time the tube is opened. we will create a text-message reminder system to send reminders to users' cellular phones over a secured network. our hypothesis is that the electronic monitoring and reminder system will increase patients' adherence to topical agents. we will measure the impact of the intervention on adherence rates and assess patients' views on the reminder system. this project will allow us to engineer a novel device to electronically monitor adherence to topical agents and to use communication technology to change patients' behavior.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age or older at time of consent, may be men or women. * capable of giving informed consent * have a cellular phone capable of receiving text messages. * able to adhere to the study visit schedule and other protocol requirements. exclusion criteria: * non-english speaking individuals

Keywords: topical medication adherence adherence compliance medication compliance sunscreen reminder
test-retest variability of quick contrast sensitivity function testing

Conditions: Healthy

Summary: the contrast sensitivity function (csf) provides a comprehensive characterization of spatial vision and predicts functional vision better than visual acuity, but long testing times prevent its psychophysical assessment in clinical applications. dr. luis lesmes et al. (2010) developed the qcsf method to obtain precise csf measurements in only 30-50 trials using a computerized software program that presents letters on a large monitor that are identified by a patient similar to typical visual acuity testing with an eye chart. the quick csf method is a bayesian adaptive method that estimates the full shape of the csf, and the test duration is only about 3-6 minutes. some preliminary testing has been performed at other sites with this test in patients with vision loss due to amblyopia and glaucoma, but data from individuals without eye disease who have normal visual acuity has not been systematically collected with the latest version of this test procedure across a wide range of ages. in addition, we aim to gain a better understanding of the typical test-retest variability that is obtained between-sessions that are about a week apart from individuals with good ocular health and visual acuity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ages 20-89 * normal distance visual acuity in each of both eyes (20/20) * absence of ocular disease * able and willing to complete contrast sensitivity testing * provide informed consent exclusion criteria: * any ocular disease * refractive errors \>6d * inability to understand study or communicate responses (cognitive impairment) * unable to understand, read and speak english fluently

Keywords: normal, healthy individuals without ocular disease ages 20-89 english speaking visual acuity better than 20/25
melatonin supplementation to improve sleep in patients with heart failure

Conditions: Heart Failure; Sleep Disorders

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether melatonin can improve sleep, quality of life and markers of heart failure in patients with heart failure.

heart failure affects nearly 5 million individuals in the united states and constitutes a prime risk factor for morbidity and mortality. beta-blockers are a class of drugs that form a critical part of the best treatment of heart failure, and thereby decrease the risk for these serious problems. beta-blockers also lower the levels of melatonin, a hormone that has a sleep-promoting effect. most patients with heart failure take beta-blockers and have poor sleep, which may be related to the beta-blockers' effect on melatonin levels. this study will evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with melatonin supplements in improving sleep in individuals with heart failure who are taking beta-blockers. in addition, the study will examine whether the melatonin supplements aid in improving quality of life and measures of heart failure. participants in this double-blind study will be randomly assigned to receive either melatonin supplements or placebo for the duration of the study. the study will mainly take place at home, where participants will complete sleep diaries, measure blood pressure and wear a wrist watch that measures movement for 5-6 weeks. during that time there will be three visits to the hospital where plasma and urine samples will be collected and questionnaires will be completed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed with heart failure nyha class 2 or 3 * currently being treated with beta-blocker exclusion criteria: * diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea * using fluvoxamine, warfarin, nifedipine, or calcium channel blockers

Keywords: heart failure sleep disorders melatonin antioxidants molecular mechanisms of pharmacological action nervous system diseases physiological effects of drugs vascular diseases central nervous system depressants protective agents pharmacologic actions signs and symptoms mental disorders therapeutic uses neurologic manifestations cardiovascular diseases central nervous system agents
the relationship of relative corneal refractive power shift and axial length in adolescents with orthokeratology lens

Conditions: Myopia; Orthokeratology

Summary: orthokeratology lens is an effective method for myopia control. this study analyzed the relationship between the relative corneal refractive power shift and change of axial length in adolescents with orthokeratology lens.

orthokeratology lens is an effective method for myopia control. this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the relative corneal refractive power shift and changes of axial length in adolescents with orthokeratology lens in 1 year. other factors that may affect axial growth were also analyzed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age from 8 to 15years * spherical equivalent(se) was range from -1.00d to -5.00d * conform to the standard of wearing orthokeratology lens exclusion criteria: * ocular diseases and systemic diseases * visual acuity was less than 20/20 * unable to follow visitors on time

Keywords: myopia orthokeratology axial length
awareness and attitude of cancer patients about participation in clinical research (cr) in saudi arabia

Conditions: Oncology [See Also, Affected System]

Summary: enrollment of patients in cr may be impacted by their levels of awareness and attitude toward participation. our study aims at assessing the awareness and willingness to participate in cr and identifying the barriers and influencing factors for participation. a cross-sectional study was performed using an interview-based questionnaire composed of close-ended questions conducted by trained research coordinators. descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analyses were applied.

clinical trials are essential for the identification of effective therapies in modern medicine. as the biomedical understanding of diseases increases, a growing number of new opportunities will require increasing numbers of patients agreeing to participate in a clinical trial public awareness about the need for clinical research and the benefit beyond participation is important. although the main objective of clinical trials is to provide a high standard of care and help in advancement of medical knowledge, only a small portion of patients receive treatment as part of a formal clinical trial misconceptions about clinical trials are frequent, primarily due to lack of adequate information from the treating physician; the complexity of the study procedure; preferences of patients regarding a particular treatment or no treatment; uncertainty and the experimental nature of a clinical trial (additional side effects, less known about the treatment) and concern about confidential information are some of the significant barriers to participation. healthy individuals and patients do not have the same perception, since patients have stressed and vulnerable feelings after diagnosis of their illness having a negative impact on patient's attitude towards a trial. the ability to recruit patients for future clinical trials will depend, in part, on understanding the barriers of participation in clinical trials. unfortunately, there is no data about the public awareness and attitudes toward participation in clinical trials in kingdom of saudi arabia. it is the purpose of this study to address this issue to create some baseline data to increase the accrual rate of clinical trials.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: adult patient (18 years and above) with cancer diagnosis. adult patients who are treated services at king abdulaziz medical city (kamc), national guard health affairs(ngha) riyadh willing to complete the survey questionnaire exclusion criteria: patients who refuse to complete the survey questionnaire

Keywords: awareness, clinical research, saudi arabia
adjuvant therapy with cytosorb in refractory septic shock

Conditions: Septic Shock

Summary: this prospective randomized single center study investigates to what extent the removal of elevated cytokine levels by hemoadsorption has a positive effect on the treatment of patients in septic shock by stabilizing the circulatory situation.

the term "sepsis" refers to a clinical syndrome in which a dysregulation of the host's inflammatory reaction to infection leads to a life-threatening of organ dysfunctions. sepsis and septic shock are major causes of death in intensive care units worldwide. the clinical picture of septic shock, the most severe form of sepsis, leads to uncontrolled production and release of a large number of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators, the "cytokine storm". septic shock is accompanied by a massive increase in mortality of up to 60%. this high mortality rate is due to a lack of current treatment options. the early recognition of the disease and its immediate treatment are decisive for successful therapy and the survival of those affected. the most important therapeutic steps, apart from focus control by antibiotics and surgical intervention, are the stabilization of the affected organ systems, in particular the circulatory system and the respiratory system. as an extracorporeal and non-specific procedure for the interruption of the cytokine storm, hemoadsorption by means of cytosorb adsorbers may be an intervention, which has already demonstrated its basic effectiveness in the treatment of septic and cardiosurgical patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * refractory septic shock * need for norepinephrine ≥ 0.25 µg/kg/min * il6 ≥ 1000 ng/l * indication for crrt exclusion criteria: * sepsis due to pulmonary or urogenital causes * onset of septic shock longer than 36 hours * liver cirrhosis child pugh c * "do not resuscitate"-order * expected survival \< 14 days * participation in another interventional trial * pregnancy or breastfeeding * lack of consent

Keywords: sepsis critically ill intensive care medicine cytosorb hemoadsorption pharmacokinetic
safety and efficacy of triptolide wilfordii in new onset hiv-1 infection

Conditions: HIV-infection/AIDS

Summary: the traditional chinese herbal medicine triptolide wilfordii has displayed remarkable effect on the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. now that immunosuppression therapy has recently become a new strategy for hiv infection, it's reasonable to expect the anti-inflammatory effect of triptolide wilfordii in hiv infected patients. so we designed a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to explore the efficacy and safety of triptolide wilfordii in new-onset hiv infection.

acquired immune deficiency syndrome(aids) is a severe fatal disease caused by hiv infection. despite viral suppression achieved, antiretroviral therapy(art) cannot ameliorate hiv-induced immune activation and the consequent non-aids complications including cardiovascular, renal, hepatic diseases. recently, immunosuppression therapy has become the focus since it can suppress exorbitant immune activation and inflammation so as to reduce the risk of non-aids cardiovascular and central neural system complications. triptolide wilfordii is a traditional chinese herbal remedy and has long been used in the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. moreover, a recent study has shown that triptolide wilfordii combined with art is associated with increased cd4 t cell counts and reduced immune activation in immunological non-responders, who were defined as patients with cd4 cell counts\<350 cells/μl despite over 2 years of art. hence we expect triptolide wilfordii to bring up similar improvement in treatment naïve hiv infection. this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study is designed to investigate the safety and efficacy of triptolide wilfordii and hopefully provide evidence for a new treatment strategy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18\~65 years old; * male or female; * good adherence and promise to follow-up; * inform consent signed; * positive for hiv antibody test or serum hiv-rna positive for 2 times or more; exclusion criteria: * present opportunity infection defined according to national aids treatment guideline or active opportunistic infection(not stable within 14 days ) within 3 months before recruitment or aids-related carcinoma; * hemoglobin (hgb) \ 1.5x upper limit of normal (uln), alt or ast or alkaline phosphatase (alp) \>3x uln, total bilirubin (tbil) \>2x uln; * pregnancy or breastfeeding; * woman with pregnancy plan; * severe organ dysfunction; * administration of immunosuppressor, immunomodulator(including thymocin) or systemic cytotoxic drugs within 6 months before recruitment.

Keywords: cd4 cell recovery immune activation anti-inflammation
the effect of different types of resin cements on the color stability of two different types of ceramic veneers

Conditions: Color; Change Teeth, Posteruptive

Summary: aim of the study was to evaluate the color stability of lithium disilicate ceramic veneers and zirconia reinforced lithium silicate ceramic veneers by using two different types of resin cements including light cured and dual cured cements.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * good oral hygiene with compliance to perform strict oral hygiene measures (periodontal screening index 0-1). * slight malposition. * teeth with spacing. * teeth with discoloration exclusion criteria: * advanced periodontitis, gingivitis, or recession. * abutments with subgingival restorations or root caries. * parafunctional habits. * undergoing orthodontic treatment. * presence of orthodontic appliance. * obvious dentition malalignment. * mandibular prognathism. * maxillary retrognathism. * smokers.
virtual reality analgesia in labor: the vrail pilot study

Conditions: Labor Pain

Summary: the purpose of the proposed study is to evaluate the feasibility of using immersive virtual reality (vr) during labor. we will also explore whether vr distraction is helpful for reducing subjective pain during labor, even if this pain is severe or excruciating. we predict that vr is feasible in this setting and that vr distraction will reduce acute pain and anxiety during labor.

this study used an over the counter consumer product to create a virtual reality experience so that we could assess whether there was a decrease in perception of pain.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * any woman giving birth for the first time at or after 32 weeks * low risk pregnancy without obstetric complications * in first stage of labor for vaginal delivery * desires non-pharmacologic alternative for pain control exclusion criteria: * younger than 18 or older than 45 years of age * presence of fetal or placental anomaly * high risk pregnancy or anesthetic concerns (bmi\>40, difficult airway, hemorrhage, nonreassuring fhr, malpresentation) * current use of pharmacologic analgesia including neuraxial anesthesia * not capable of answering study measures using numeric rating scale * any face/head/neck injuries that interfere with the use of virtual reality equipment * any form of contact precautions * severe hearing or vision deficits * susceptibility to motion sickness * seizure history * history of psychiatric disorder, chronic pain, migraines, or addiction * delirium, psychosis, any form of developmental delay, or organic brain disorder * requiring an interpreter for communication

Keywords: virtual reality analgesia immersive virtual reality vr labor pain