Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
representations of oral nutritional supplementation (ons) in hospitals : gender differences_observational study

Conditions: Malnutrition; Oral Nutritional Supplementation

Summary: over 30% of hospitalized patients are malnourished. these figures range from 20% to 60% in geriatric units. undernutrition results either from a decrease in energy intake, an increase in needs, an increase in losses or a combination of these three causes. as a factor in mortality, morbidity and lengthening the time of hospital stays, undernutrition induces health costs 45 to 102% higher than a person who is not undernourished. the nutritional management of patients initially includes hygieno-dietary advice, then the implementation of an oral nutritional supplementation (ons). a recent study conducted by our teams highlighted the low ons consumption among women compared to men (39.48% vs 73.41%). interviews with patients showed that 13 out of 17 had a negative opinion of ons. the aim of this study is to show, on a larger scale, whether ons consumption differs according to sex and if so, to highlight the obstacles to this consumption through the implementation of semi-directive interviews with patients. ultimately, this research will lead to the implementation of alternative strategies to improve ons consumption and to a better understanding of the obstacles to ons consumption.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient who has given oral consent * over 18 years * orally fed * with a prescription for ons * speaks and understands french * hospital stay longer than 4 days exclusion criteria: * adult under tutelage * pregnant or breastfeeding women * cognitive disorders * patient does not speak or understand french
phacoemulsification in patients with corneal opacities

Conditions: Senile Cataract

Summary: in this retrospective case series, the feasibility of performing phacoemulsification using slit illumination in eyes with corneal opacity was assessed.

corneal opacity is often encountered in patients seeking senile cataract surgery in developing countries. corneal opacity impairs the intraoperative visualization during cataract surgery which increases the risk of copmlications. several techniques were described to enhance the intraoperative visualization such as the use of anterior endoscopy, chandeiler retroillumination, and anterior chamber endoillumination. all these techniques require costly instrumentation. the aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of performing phacoemulsification using slit illumination of the surgical microscope without the need of additional instruments, and report the visual outcome.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the presence of visually significant senile cataract. * a recent history of progressive diminution of vision within few months. * stable density and size of a preexisting trachomatous corneal opacity that does not impair the pupil or lens visualization after pupillary dilatation. exclusion criteria: * history of trauma, infectious corneal ulcers, or intraocular surgery. * coexisting ocular diseases e.g. glaucoma, retinal detachment, and vitreous hemorrhage.

Keywords: senile cataract corneal opacity phacoemulsification
hyperekplexia in patients with ctnnb1 mutation

Conditions: Hyperekplexia; CTNNB1 Gene Mutation

Summary: a few years ago, a new genetic disorder (omim # 615075) has been associated with loss-of-function variations in the ctnnb1 gene. the clinical features include a delayed psychomotor development usually leading to severe intellectual disability with or without autistic spectrum disorders, progressive spastic diplegia, and various visual defects. among over 30 cases described worldwide, 2 were reported with an exaggerated startle response to sudden stimulus corresponding to a very rare neurological phenomenon called hyperekplexia. the investigators also have a 3rd patient carrying a ctnnb1 syndrome associated with hyperekplexia.

hyperekplexia can impair daily life because the affected person will fall unexpectedly and stiffly, causing repeated head- or body- wounds. it may be treated empirically by various drugs. hyperekplexia has so far not been associated with ctnnb1 variations. in this study, we aim to describe the prevalence and clinical characteristics of hyperekplexia in ctnnb1 syndrome carriers, in order to improve diagnosis and thus treatment. the investigators will recruit ctnnb1 subjects through health care providers and also by contacting the families through dedicated social media and databases. the families and health care providers will be invited to fill in a questionnaire related to hyperekplexia (clinical, pharmacological, and genetic data).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient carrying a ctnnb1 syndrome showing an exaggerated startle response * child whose parents have signed a consent form to participate in the study exclusion criteria: * absence of molecular diagnosis * refusal to participate

Keywords: hyperekplexia ctnnb1 genetic disorder psychomotor development intellectual disability neurological phenomenon various visual defects progressive spastic diplegia
oxygen consumption-based assessments of hemodynamics in neonates following congenital heart surgery (oxy-cahn study)

Conditions: Transposition of the Great Vessels; Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome; Oxygen Consumption Based Assessment of Hemodynamics

Summary: the purpose of the oxy-cahn study is to improve the monitoring capabilities of newborn infants recovering from congenital heart surgery. currently, we utilize important but unsophisticated measures, such as vital signs and lactate measurements, to monitor these patients. although they are useful in categorizing patients as well or unwell, these signs currently lack the power quantify a patient's risk for cardiac arrest. more to the point, they are mostly indirect measures of what we really are assessing, which is tissue oxygen delivery. our group has signiﬁcant expertise with devices which quantify the amount of oxygen that a baby consumes every minute. historically, these values are more commonly used in combination with other measures to assess nutritional and metabolism status. in critically ill patients, however, the volume of oxygen consumed by a patient may be limited by the amount of oxygen their circulation delivers. this may represent a critical relationship, which has been previously described, but not exploited for the purpose of identifying patients with critically low oxygen delivery. the aims of this study are therefore (1) to demonstrate that oxygen consumption can be safely and precisely measured continuously in newborns undergoing one of two common congenital heart surgeries, (2) to determine whether postoperative circulatory failure is associated with a precedent change in oxygen consumption, and (3) to determine whether the addition of the oxygen-based measurements (including oxygen consumption and venous oxygen saturations) to standardly measured parameters will add power in predicting which patients will experience postoperative circulatory failure. if successful, this study may improve our capacity to non-invasively and continuously monitor patients following the highest risk congenital heart surgeries, and in the future,to create an algorithm which quantiﬁes a patients risk for having a cardiac arrest. this may permit providers to intervene on these patients earlier, improving the morbidity and mortality associated with congenital heart disease.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients from birth to 6 months of age 2. hlhs and no prior operations and planned s1p or hpor d-tga/ivs and planned aso 3. written parental informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. weight \< 2 kg 2. disease speciﬁc a. hlhs patients: infants whose surgical plan includes a neonatal biventricularrepair will be excluded. b. d-tga/ivs patients: newborns with any additional cardiac defect other than an atrial septal defect will be excluded. 3. patients on ecmo preoperatively 4. clinically signiﬁcant tracheo-esophageal ﬁstula or known preoperative air leak

Keywords: hemodynamics neonatal cardiac disease congenital heart disease volumetric oxygen consumption
investigation of rate+extent of excretion of radioactivity in urine+faeces after oral administration of [14c]azd1386

Conditions: Pain

Summary: the aim of this study is to get information about absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion as well as the tolerability and safety of azd1386 in healthy male volunteers.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * body mass index of 18 - 30 and weight of 50 to 100 kilos. * healthy volunteer must have regular bowel movements (at least once daily) exclusion criteria: * history of psychiatric or somatic disease/condition, which may interfere with the objectives of the study as judged by the investigator. * a family history of short qt syndrome or sudden cardiac death amongst first degree relatives. * any clinically important abnormalities in heart rhythm, conduction or morphology of resting ecg that may interfere with the interpretation of qtc interval changes.

Keywords: pain
effects of vitamin k on redness associated with injection site reactions in participants treated with plegridy

Conditions: Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Summary: the primary objective of the study is to investigate whether topical vitamin k application reduces the grade of erythema in comparison with a vehicle cream (placebo) through physicians' assessment and participant self-assessment. the secondary objectives of this study are to evaluate in this study population: effects of vitamin k in reducing the burning sensation and local pain; effects of vitamin k in reducing the erythema diameter; and the evaluation of participants' satisfaction related to the injection treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (rrms) participants for which plegridy is deemed necessary by the neurologist. participants switching from other disease modifying treatments (dmts) will be eligible provided that plegridy is administered at an injection site different from the previous one. key exclusion criteria: * participants with other skin disorders * pregnancy or current breast-feeding * depression and other psychiatric disorders * unwillingness or inability to comply with the requirements of the protocol. note: other protocol defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply
which is more effective in management of bruxism: botox or occlusal splints

Conditions: Bruxism

Summary: the aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of botulinum toxin (botox) and traditional occlusal splints for the management of bruxism in edentulous patients rehabilitated with miod

42 edentulous patients having implant retained mandibular overdenture suffering from bruxism with clinical manifestation, will be randomly divided into three groups, group 1 control group (traditional approach of removing denture at night) ,group 2 will be managed by occlusal splints whereas group 3 will be managed with botulinum toxin injection (botox). new maxillary dentures and mandibular over dentures will be constructed for both groups. muscle activity will be measured at time of denture insertion (t0), 3(t3) 6(t6), 9(t9) and 12(t12) month of treatment. patients satisfaction will be evaluated at the time of denture insertion (t0), 6(t6), and 12(t12) month of treatment using tmd/ ns numeric scales 10 cm questionnaire which include: headache, face pain, face tension, limitation of mouth opening and complaints during mastication.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients diagnosed with bruxism * patients had mandibular implant retained overdentures within the previous 3 years * cooperative patients * physically and psychologically able patients to tolerate the procedure exclusion criteria: * patients taking muscle relaxants * patients without neuromuscular control * poor oral hygiene
the effect of probiotic lozenges on white spot lesion development in orthodontic patients

Conditions: White Spot Lesion

Summary: the goal of this randomized clinical trial was to investigate the effect of probiotic lozenges on the development of white spot lesions (wsls) compared to a positive control, and no treatment.

background: recently, the use of probiotics has emerged as a treatment for prevention of oral cavity diseases including periodontal problems, and initial caries. the objectives of this prospective randomized clinical trial was to investigate the effect of probiotic lozenges on the development of white spot lesions (wsls) compared to a positive control, and no treatment. methods: quantitative light induced fluorescence (qlf) images were taken for three randomly allocated groups (intervention group, n=23; positive control, n=23; negative control, n=24) of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment in three separate occasions (t0: before the start of study; t1: at 6 weeks later; t2: at 3 months after the commencement of the study). subjects in the intervention group were instructed to take one probiotic lozenge containing two strains of lactobacillus reuteri twice daily. sugar-free lozenges were used in the positive control group and no lozenges for the negative control group. the qlf images were analyzed using a dedicated software in order to quantitatively analyze each tooth. the primary outcomes measured were the number of newly developed lesions in each group, lesion area and amount of mineral loss (δf). means and standard deviations were calculated using the statistical package for the social science (spss version 28, chicago, il, usa). split plot anova (spanova) test for repeated measures was used to check differences within and between the three groups regarding lesion area and δf. to check which group is different from the others, tukey's test was used.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy patients from both sexes * having full fixed orthodontic appliances with expected remaining treatment duration of at least 6 months * optimum oral hygiene * maximum of 3 restored teeth * absence of defective enamel formation in the form of hypocalcification or hypoplasia exclusion criteria: * patients with poor oral hygiene * defective enamel * extensive restorations * gingival hyperplasia * salivary glands diseases * smoking, alcohol consumption, mouth wash use, antibiotic or probiotic intake in the last 3 months.

Keywords: white spot lesions, probiotic lozenges, qlf
olfactory function following endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery

Conditions: Skull Base Pathology

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare a subject's sense of smell before and after endoscopic endonasal surgery to remove a skull base abnormality (i.e. tumor, inflammatory process, fracture, defect, etc.) and use the information collected to validate approaches to surgery that will minimize side effects to the sense of smell function. data will be collected using a smell identification test along with two questionnaires. in addition, demographic, medical history, treatment, outcome, and follow-up information will be collected.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients presenting with skull base pathologies requiring endonasal surgery at the ohio state university wexner medical center * 18 years or older * able to consent for self * negative serum pregnancy test for women of childbearing potential exclusion criteria: * patient unable to return to clinic at specific follow-up times * pregnant or nursing * prisoners

Keywords: tumor inflammatory process fracture defect
regional erector spinae analgesic block vs standard of care undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Conditions: Kidney Stone; Surgery

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if adding a spinal block (medicine that will numb parts of the body to block pain) along with standard pain control at the incision site will decrease the need for narcotics for pain management and decrease the percentage of patients requiring hospital admission for pain control during postoperative , in-hospital, care after a percutaneous nephrolithotomy (pcnl) (surgery to remove kidney stones), commonly called perc.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: age ≥ 18 years undergoing unilateral or bilateral pcnl for treatment of kidney stones estimated glomerular filtration rate \> 30 ml/min. pcnl is planned as an outpatient procedure with no overnight hospital stay exclusion criteria: inability to provide informed consent pregnancy patients having any additional simultaneous procedures other than a contralateral pcnl,(including contralateral treatment of kidney stones with a non-pcnl operation such as ureteroscopy) patients with a documented neurologic injury that reduces pain sensation to the back patients with an existing pain disorder patients with an existing narcotics agreement due to current or prior narcotic abuse patients with a documented allergy to a narcotic or nsaid analgesic bmi \> 35 patients who require more than 1 site of percutaneous access into the kidney to adequately complete the pcnl (this is a judgment made preoperatively at the initial clinic patient encounter)
far infrared treatment for alzheimer's disease

Conditions: Alzheimer Disease

Summary: alzheimer's disease is a progressive and fatal brain disease. this study will investigate the use of far infrared radiation treatment for the disease.

alzheimer's destroys brain cells, causing problems with memory, thinking and behaviour severe enough to affect work, lifelong hobbies or social life. alzheimer's gets worse over time and it is fatal. alzheimer's, which has no current cure, is the most common form of dementia. it is hereby postulated that far infrared radiation of the central nervous and endocrine systems will help with the management of the disease and possibly cure the disease.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * people with alzheimer's disease exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: acute confusional senile dementia alzheimer type senile dementia senile plaques neurofibrillary tangles neuropil threads
skin barrier dysfunction and the role of skin barrier restoration

Conditions: Cutaneous Inflammation

Summary: the objective of this exploratory study is to gain an understanding of cutaneous and systemic inflammation and how restoration of the skin barrier through the use of moisturizer may restore the skin barrier function and reduce systemic inflammation in elderly humans compared to the young. the exploratory study will consist of three visits per subject. subjects will be instructed to apply a moisturizer (vanicream moisturizing skin cream) over the entire skin surface from the neck down twice daily for up to 30 days.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: aged group (\>70 years old) * in good general health * body mass index (bmi) preferably in the healthy range (approximately 25 kg/m2) and no greater than 30 kg/m2 * fitzpatrick skin types i-v * disrupted skin barrier defined as transepidermal water loss (tewl) \>5 g/m2/h on the upper arms or \>3 g/m2/h on the buttocks * clinical signs of skin dryness as determined by the investigator. * no disease states or physical conditions that would impair evaluation of the biopsy sites * signed, written and witnessed informed consent form * willing to comply with study procedures young group (18-30 years old) * good general health * bmi preferably in the healthy range (approximately 25 kg/m2) and no greater than 30 kg/m2 * fitzpatrick skin types i-v * disrupted skin barrier defined as transepidermal water loss (tewl) \>5 g/m2/h on the upper arms or \>3 g/m2/h on the buttocks * clinical signs of skin dryness as determined by the investigator * no disease states or physical conditions that would impair evaluation of the biopsy sites * signed, written and witnessed informed consent form * willing to comply with study procedures exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating women or women contemplating pregnancy for the duration of the protocol (determined by self-report; if subjects are unsure of their pregnancy status, they will be excluded). * frailty as determined by research study nurse * history of inflammatory skin conditions such as psoriasis or atopic dermatitis. * history of uncontrolled inflammatory or autoimmune disease. * history of keloids or any other condition that would complicate wound healing * history of allergic reactions to local lidocaine * frequent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (nsaid) use (not including low dose aspirin) and unwilling/unable to discontinue nsaids for 2 weeks prior to enrollment to the end of the study. * systemic steroids (excluding inhaled steroids for asthma) and unwilling/unable to discontinue systemic steroids for 3 weeks prior to enrollment to the end of the study. * topical corticosteroid use within 2 weeks of enrollment. * topical immunomodulation use such as calcineurin inhibitors within 2 weeks of enrollment * other anti-inflammatory or immunodulatory medications (immunosuppression) * received an experimental drug or used an experimental device 30 days prior to admission to the study.
the clinical and economic impacts of e-heath on diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: this project addresses the following null hypotheses: 1. there will be no difference will be found in the use of the search engine and the information accessed among the three education modes. 2. there will be no difference in education mode's effect on metabolic control, self-care management practices, and medical resource utilization. 3. there will be no difference in the economic impact on the health care system based on differing education modes.

in addition to the face-to-face education process currently used at the chr, this project will develop two modes of ehealth education. education mode 1 (control) is comprised of participants educated using chr's current traditional face-to-face delivery method, with printed materials and written log journals. these participants will be trained to use the university's web portal if they elect to access internet-based diabetes information. this allows for the tracking of the type and amounts of diabetes information accessed by participants. education mode 2 (static interface) participants will be educated using digitized forms of the traditional materials provided by chr as well as an electronic log journal (e-journal) where participants will record their diabetes-related outcomes and behavioural information. education mode 2 will be assessed and approved by chr. education mode 3 (dynamic interface) participants will be educated using the digitized traditional materials from education mode 2 as well as an enhanced dynamic e-journal (visualization of blood glucose and alerts). in addition, this mode will provide informative disease-related internet sites and diabetes news and articles vetted by the medical team. participants and health professionals will then be able to electronically discuss the content and quality of this information (discussion board). new sites and articles will be added on an ongoing basis. participants will also have access to a chat room that will encourage information sharing with other education mode 3 participants and health professionals at chr. education mode 3 will be assessed and approved by chr.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 or older * literate * not participating in other clinical trials * diabetes diagnosed within the last three months * type 2 diabetes * no medical conditions that could compromise metabolic control * no linguistic, cognitive or psychosocial barriers that would hinder study completion * computer and internet literate * access to high-speed internet exclusion criteria: * under the age of 18 * not literate * participating in other clinical trials * diabetes diagnosed greater than three months ago * type 1 diabetes * gestational diabetes * additional medical conditions that could compromise metabolic control * linguistic, cognitive or psychosocial barriers that would hinder study completion * not computer and internet literate * no access to high-speed internet

Keywords: diabetes ehealth type 2 diabetes education calgary health region