Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
analysis of photoplethysmographic signal in lumbar sympathetic block

Conditions: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

Summary: this study aims to compare the alternative current and the direct current signal changes of photoplethysmography between both feet during one side lumbar sympathetic block. the hypothesis is that signal changes occur earlier than other indices to decide whether it is successful following lumbar sympathetic block on only one-side.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * physically examined for complex regional pain syndrome on lower extremity, * scheduled for diagnostic lumbar sympathetic blockade. exclusion criteria: * graded as asa 3 or higher, * below 18 or above 70 years of age, or * had any other contraindication for regional anesthesia.

Keywords: complex regional pain syndrome lumbar sympathetic blockade photoplethysmography diagnostic lumbar sympathetic blockade
a personalised approach utilising the frailty index to empower consumers

Conditions: Gastrointestinal Diseases

Summary: frailty is a common clinical syndrome in older adults that may carry an increased risk for poor health outcomes including falls, hospitalisation, and mortality. having a colonoscopy can be associated with potential adverse outcomes in frail patients. at present, however, frailty is not routinely assessed in gastroenterological clinical practice. in a prospective randomised controlled study consenting patients over 65 years at the princess alexandra hospital will receive either a) personalised (tailored) approach that includes assessment of frailty and structured information provided to the consumer or b) current standard practice in regards to having a surveillance colonoscopy to determine the effects on patient satisfaction and percentage of colonoscopies avoided.

frailty is a common clinical syndrome in older adults that may carry an increased risk for poor health outcomes including falls, hospitalisation, and mortality. having a colonoscopy can be associated with potential adverse outcomes in frail patients. at present, however, frailty is not routinely assessed in gastroenterological clinical practice. in a prospective randomised controlled study consenting patients over 65 years at the princess alexandra hospital will receive either a) personalised (tailored) approach that includes assessment of frailty and structured information provided to the consumer or b) current standard practice in regards to having a surveillance colonoscopy to determine the effects on patient satisfaction and percentage of colonoscopies avoided. it is expected that engagement with patients and clinicians in regards to frailty will address expectations and subsequently support the ability of patients/consumers and clinicians to make informed decisions that minimise risks and maximise benefits in regards to surveillance colonoscopies.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged over 65 years of age * ability to understand the study instructions and answering questionnaires exclusion criteria: * inability to consent or participate in the assessments (e.g. frailty assessment) that are required as part of this project. * lack of informed consent

Keywords: colonoscopy surveillance
long-term study to evaluate safety and tolerability of valbenazine in participants with chorea associated with huntington disease in canada

Conditions: Chorea, Huntington

Summary: this study will evaluate long-term safety and tolerability of valbenazine in participants with chorea associated with huntington disease (hd) who participated in study nbi-98854-hd3006 (nct04400331) in canada.


Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * participated in study nbi-98854-hd3006 and completing dosing through the week 156 visit; or were actively participating, receiving study treatment, and completed an early termination visit study nbi-98854-hd3006 at the time of the study closure at sites in canada. * participants of childbearing potential must agree to use contraception consistently while participating in the study until 30 days after last dose of the study treatment. key exclusion criteria: * have difficulty swallowing * are currently pregnant or breastfeeding * have a medically significant abnormality, physical examination finding, clinically significant laboratory abnormality
pilot and feasibility study of a mirrors intervention for reducing delirium in older cardiac surgical patients

Conditions: Postoperative Delirium

Summary: this pilot cluster-randomised controlled trial aims to determine whether the use of bedside mirrors, as a clearly defined part of patients' postsurgical icu care, can reduce delirium and improve outcomes in the older cardiac surgical patient.

the risk of delirium, an acute disturbance in mental status and cognition that occurs commonly after cardiac surgery, increases sharply from the age of about 65 years. its occurrence, even for one day, is associated with longer icu and hospital stays, increased costs, and negative physical and cognitive outcomes at one year. in spite of previous prevention and intervention research, delirium incidence in the older cardiac surgical patient remains high (up to 72%). icu clinicians at papworth hospital have made observations suggesting that delirium could be reduced using a novel and unconventional strategy of bedside mirrors. mirrors of any type are uncommon in icu environments\[1\], but their occasional use by patients on our icu has been reported by bedside clinicians and physiotherapists to result in: * a normalisation of mental status and attention (core delirium diagnostic criteria), and * earlier physical mobilisation (associated with reduced delirium risk), particularly in older-aged patients evidence from other sources supports mirrors' beneficial effect in these areas \[2-10\], but mirror use has never to our knowledge been explored for the reduction of delirium. this pilot study seeks to determine whether the use of bedside mirrors, as a clearly defined part of patients' postsurgical icu care, can reduce delirium and improve outcomes in the older cardiac surgical patient.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * scheduled for elective or urgent cardiac surgery at papworth hospital * aged 70+ years exclusion criteria: * inability to obtain informed consent * care pathway anticipating admission elsewhere than to icu following surgery * severe visual impairment impeding ability to recognise self in mirror * physical or communication barriers likely to impede effective administration of study procedures * severe mental disability likely to impede effective administration of study procedures or assessment of delirium * history of psychiatric illness previously requiring hospitalisation

Keywords: delirium delirium, dementia, amnestic, cognitive disorders confusion neurobehavioral manifestations neurologic manifestations nervous system diseases signs and symptoms mental disorders cardiac surgery mirrors
alcohol and immune response

Conditions: Alcohol Drinking; Alcohol; Harmful Use

Summary: this study investigates how alcohol affects the immune system and behavior in healthy adults. the study also will examine how an individual's typical drinking habits may affect the immune system's response to alcohol.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ages 21-55 years * able to speak and read english * regular use of alcohol * weight \> or = to 110 lbs and body mass index (bmi) in the 18.5-30 kg/m2 range * no self-reported use of drugs exclusion criteria: * currently seeking treatment for alcohol or drug use * chronic disease * use of certain medications * gi disorders * daily/near-daily use of nsaids * positive urine test for certain drugs * history of withdrawal symptoms precipitated by alcohol abstinence * clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol score greater than or equal to 10 * history of seizures * current major psychiatric disorder * history of adverse reaction to standard blood draw * inability to abstain from tobacco for 8 hours * inability to abstain from cannabis for 48 hours * pregnant, breastfeeding, or may become pregnant
safety of switching from donepezil to rivastigmine patch in patients with probable alzheimer's disease

Conditions: Alzheimer's Disease

Summary: this study was designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of switching from donepezil to an initial dose of 5cm\^2 rivastigmine patch formulation in patients with probable alzheimer's disease (mmse 10-24). the study included a 5-week, open-label, randomized period followed by a 20-week open-label extension period. patients were randomized to either an immediate switch from donepezil to rivastigmine patch formulation or to a switch to rivastigmine patch formulation following a 7-day withdrawal period.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * be at least 50 years of age; * have a diagnosis of probable alzheimer's disease; * have an mmse score of \> or = 10 and \< or = 24; * must have a caregiver who is able to attend all study visits; * have received continuous treatment with donepezil for at least 6 months prior to screening, and received a stable dose of 5 mg/day or 10 mg/day for at least the last 3 of these 6 months. exclusion criteria: * have an advanced, severe, progressive, or unstable disease of any type that may interfere with efficacy and safety assessments or put the patient at special risk; * have a history of malignancy of any organ system, treated or untreated, within the past 5 years; * have a history within the past year or current diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease; * have a current diagnosis of severe or unstable cardiovascular disease; have a history of myocardial infarction (mi) in the last six months; * severe or unstable respiratory conditions (e.g., severe asthma , severe pulmonary (lung) disease); * digestive problems related to peptic ulcer; * urinary obstruction or current severe urinary tract infection; * abnormal thyroid function tests; * low folate or vitamin b12; * have a disability that may prevent the patient from completing all study requirements; * have a current diagnosis of an active skin lesion/disorder that would prevent adhesion of a patch; other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply

Keywords: dementia, alzheimer's, rivastigmine, donepezil
comparative study between using who labour care guide & modified who partograph

Conditions: Labor Onset and Length Abnormalities; 37 or More Completed Weeks of Gestation; First Birth

Summary: this randomized clinical trial is based on comparing the efficiency of modified who partographs vs. the new who labour care guide in monitoring and assessing the outcome of labour.

a group of primiparous women in first stage of labour will be randomized into two groups then monitored during first stage of labour. first group will be monitored by modified who partograph. the rest of participants will be monitored by who labour care guide. the labour will be monitored regarding progress rate, mode of delivery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * primiparous women. * term gestation between 37 and 40 weeks. * maternal age from 18 -35 years * body mass index bmi of 18.5 to 29.9 kg/m2 * cephalic presentation. 6. active first stage of labour exclusion criteria: * women with any medical comorbidities, such as (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, or pulmonary disease). * women with presence of any obstetrical complications, such as preterm birth, multiple gestation, breech presentation, postdated pregnancy, or bad obstetrical history. * women who were given intrapartum epidural analgesia.

Keywords: labour monitoring primiparous
the clinical efficacy of hip protection orthosis for the protection of hip dislocation

Conditions: Cerebral Palsy

Summary: single blinded, randomized-control tiral, multicenter clinical trial


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * gmfce level iv or v in the cerebral palsy * age from 1 to 10 exclusion criteria: * history of hip joint surgery * botulinum toxin injection to hip muscle past 3 months or expected in our study duration
the role of igra in screening and monitoring for tb during anti tnf therapy in patients with imid

Conditions: Inflammatory Bowel Disease; Crohn Disease; Ulcerative Colitis; Tuberculosis; Immune-mediated Inflammatory Disease

Summary: hong kong is a region of intermediate tb burden, and the reactivation of latent tb in imid patients treated with anti-tnf can be a serious problem. this study aims to investigate the role of igra in screening for latent tb in ibd patients and control subjects. in part ii of the study, patients of other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (imid) will also be included to investigate the role of serial interferon-gamma release assays (igra) for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb) infection in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (imid) treated with biologics

the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease is rising in hong kong. anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-tnf)-α is effective and increasingly being used for the treatment of patients with refractory disease and complicated disease behaviour. the reactivation of latent tuberculosis (tb) is a well-recognised complication associated with the use of anti-tnf therapy, and most cases occurred in endemic regions. hong kong is a region of intermediate tb burden, and the reactivation of latent tb in imid patients treated with anti-tnf can be a serious problem. screening has been shown to reduce the incidence of tb, but it remains unclear whether monitoring during anti-tnf therapy is effective. despite reported efficacy with the current screening strategy, active tb developed in up to 11.4% of patients receiving anti-tnf therapy. there is therefore an urgent need for better disease monitoring and prevention, particularly in regions where tb is endemic. part i of this study aims to investigate the role of igra in screening for latent tb in ibd patients and control subjects. part ii of this study is a prospective study of serial interferon-gamma release assays (igra) for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (tb) infection in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (imid) treated with biologics

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 18 years or older * patients with a diagnosis of crohn's disease (cd) or ulcerative colitis (uc) for at least 3 months defined by histology or radiology exclusion criteria: * patients with a previous history of tb * patients with a positive igra or cxr suggesting latent tuberculosis prior to commencement of therapy
evaluation of paclitaxel coated balloon in the treatment of dialysis access dysfunction

Conditions: Dialysis Access Malfunction; Kidney Failure

Summary: recent studies of paclitaxel dcb in the treatment of stenosis at dialysis vascular access have shown promising results. paclitaxel, an anti-proliferation drug, is released during balloon inflation and potentially improve primary patency by slowing down nih effect. however, meta-analysis have suggested that the use of paclitaxel in lower limbs have increased risk of death in patients. the effect of paclitaxel dcb on dialysis access however remains unknown. hence, we aim to set up a database to track long-term treatment outcomes of patients treated with paclitaxel dcb at sgh for their stenosed dialysis access


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients above 21 that is undergoing avf/avg fistuloplasty with paclitaxel dcb at sgh is included exclusion criteria: * all patients below 21
the effect of massage therapy to control night shift related stress

Conditions: Stress

Summary: background: the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches (sns and pns) of the autonomic nervous system (ans), keep our body in a state of balance, which can be disturbed in situations of uncontrolled stress. sleep deprivation and specifically night shift is a source of stress with adverse consequences on sleep, wakefulness, eating patterns and cardio-vascular function. furthermore, imbalanced autonomic profile is also associated with increased inflammation, a known risk factor for cardiac problems, diabetes, and cancer. parasympathetic stimulation can control the inflammatory reaction, leading research toward interventions which can stimulate the cholinergic pathway. among these interventions, massage therapy has shown to stimulate the pns and bring back the balance within the body's organs. objectives: 1. to assess the physiological effects of night shifts on the ans profile and bio-markers of inflammation and stress in blood 2. to assess whether one session of massage therapy can revert the adverse effects of night shift via re-balancing these components. methods: a pilot prospective randomized crossover trial with 10 healthy hospital staff is in progress: each participants will be their own control. all participants will be measured for their baseline characteristics and outcomes of interest on a regular working day as well as at the end of 2 nights of shift work. at the end of one shift they will be randomly assigned to receive a 30-minute-long "upper body massage", while at the end of the other shift they will receive a "reading intervention" which would serve as a control intervention. randomization is done using a computer system that also verifies inclusion-exclusion criteria before allocating the intervention. the autonomic profile is measured by spectral analysis of heart rate variability (hrv) captured by a state-of-the-art machine which non-invasively records electrical signals from the body. the inflammatory markers in the blood are also measured using top-notch laboratory technology. the results of the study will be reported by comparing the outcomes of each subject with their own baseline as well as comparing the two interventions for the effect of massage. data will be pooled for all subjects in order to show the overall effect. the final results of this study will be used to plan stress management intervention trials.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * otherwise healthy hospital staff between the ages of 20 to 60 taking rotating night shifts on a regular basis. exclusion criteria: * participants who are on anti-depressants or drugs that affect the cardiovascular system or the ans. * any conditions or disorders that would affect the cardiovascular system or the activity of the ans. * participants who smoke more than 10 cigarettes/day. * inability to provide consent. * inability to speak and/or understand english.

Keywords: night shift work stress autonomic nervous system (ans) heart rate variability (hrv) pre-ejection period (pep) inflammation pro-inflammatory cytokines massage therapy
aminophylline and contrast induced nephropathy in acute myocardial infarction

Conditions: Acute Kidney Injury

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether additional therapy with aminophylline to hydration with sodium bicarbonate and administration of n-acetylcysteine is more effective to prevent contrast induced acute kidney injury in patients undergoing primary coronary intervention for acute st elevation myocardial infarction.

due to the clinical relevance of contrast acute kidney injury a large number of prophylactic procedures have been investigated. n-acetylcysteine and hydration with sodium bicarbonate are proved to be protective against contrast acute kidney injury. the adenosine-mediated afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction is a possible pathomechanism of renal impairment by contrast agent. it has been observed that aminophylline/theophylline, competitive adenosine antagonists, improves oxygen delivery to ischemic tissue, diminishes oxidative damage to renal tissue and may also scavenge free radicals. the purpose of this study was to investigated whether the additional therapy with adenosine antagonist aminophylline reduces the incidence of contrast renal damage in high risk patients who have acute myocardial infarction.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * consecutive patients with ami candidates for primary pci presenting within 12 h of symptom onset with st-segment elevation of more than 1 mm in at least two contiguous leads of the electrocardiogram exclusion criteria: * contrast medium administration within the previous 10 days, * end-stage renal failure requiring dialysis, * refusal to give informed consent
role of overjet and trauma in libyan children

Conditions: Trauma; Overjet

Summary: traumatic dental injuries are one of the commonly encountered dental emergencies. missing anterior tooth in children due to any injury can be a source of considerable physical and psychological discomfort for the child. these consequences also have significant impact on parents, who are generally concerned with esthetic and economic aspects of this problem. it varies from small crack in the enamel to complete loss of the tooth. injury to children teeth can be both painful and traumatic to the children

traumatic injuries to anterior teeth have reported by several investigators. in asia and africa, the prevalence of tdi to anterior teeth among adolescents ranges from 4% to 35% and 15% to 21%, respectively and in america and europe, the prevalence varied from 15% to 23% and 23% to 35%, respectively . 50% of school children have sustained traumatic injuries prior to graduation . a contributing factors make children susceptible to injuries have been widely investigated. these factors included class-ii, div.1 malocclusion, increased overjet . 71% to 92% of all injuries sustained in a lifetime occur before the age of 19 years, which occur at home, followed by school and public places.the aim of this study is to assess the mean overjet value in libyan children and to examine the relationship between increased overjet and trauma to permanent incisor teeth

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * libyan children. * the permanent incisors are present \& sufficiently erupted. exclusion criteria: * non libyan children. * the permanent incisors are absent, or un-sufficiently erupted.

Keywords: trauma overjet libya schoolchildren
measurement of the effect of positional changes on cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants

Conditions: pOSitional Changes of Premature Infants

Summary: near infrared spectroscopy offers the possibility of noninvasive and continuous bedside investigation of cerebral oxygenation in newborn infants. using this technique we investigated the effect of positional changes on cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants.

the changes in cerebral perfusion have an important role on the development of intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leucomalacia. near infrared spectroscopy offers the possibility of noninvasive and continuous bedside investigation of cerebral oxygenation in newborn infants. using this technique we investigated the effect of positional changes on cerebral oxygenation in preterm infants.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. \<32 gestational age and/or \<1500gr. 2. \>30th day preterm infants exclusion criteria: 1. sepsis 2. shock 3. severe intracranial hemorrhage 4. nec 5. abdominal and cranial surgery

Keywords: nirs