Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effectiveness of computerized cognitive training in the elderly with cognitive impairment

Conditions: Mild Cognitive Impairment

Summary: this study is to investigate the effectiveness of computerized cognitive training, and corresponding neural substrates through multimodal neuroimaging assessment, in the elderly with normal cognition, subjective cognitive impairment, and mild cognitive impairment.

computerized cognitive training has the advantage of easy accessibility for community-dwelling elderly. it can be much cheaper than traditional neuropsychological training methods, which require trained neuropsychologists. furthermore, it may be more fun and easier to be optimized to an individual patients' cognitive status than other traditional methods. clinical efficacy of these kinds of cognitive training applications has been validated through several studies. a recent systematic review reported that the domains of working memory, executive function, and processing speed benefited the most by classic computerized cognitive training tasks, and that these benefits were comparable with traditional cognitive training methods. apart from neuropsychological data, neuroimaging studies focusing on the effectiveness of computerized cognitive training are scant. there have been no previous studies investigating the possible neural substrates of computerized cognitive training using multimodal neuroimaging modalities simultaneously. thus, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of computerized cognitive training and corresponding neural substrates in subjects with mild cognitive impairment, subjective memory impairment, and normal controls through a multimodal approach.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ages \>50 to ≤70 * years of education ≥ 6 years * no physical barrier preventing the dominant hand from using the computer mouse exclusion criteria: * subjects who had any structural lesions or psychiatric disorders that explained the memory deficits * subjects had to be able to undergo pre- and post-training evaluations such as electroencephalography (eeg), fdg-pet, and magnetic resonance imaging (mri) * subjects who had scalp lesions, severe back pain, or claustrophobia that precluded pre- and post-training evaluations.

Keywords: subjective cognitive impairment
tele-rehabilitation in individuals with covid-19

Conditions: COVID-19

Summary: coronavirus disease (covid-19) is a respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). this study was planned as a single-blind randomized controlled pilot study to compare the effectiveness of telerehabilitation-based exercise training applied to individuals with covid-19. individuals will be divided into two groups, the control group and the study group. all assessments will be made online twice, before and after treatment. socio-demographic data of individuals who agreed to participate in the study, disease information about covid-19, mrc dyspnea scale, covid-19 fear scale, international physical activity questionnaire-short form, st. george respiratory questionnaire, fatigue severity scale, nottingham health profile will be questioned and recorded. the obtained data will be analyzed with statistical methods.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a score in the range of 0-3 on the mrc dyspnea scale. * not have any vestibular, orthopedic or neurological disease that will affect muscle strength, balance and coordination. * not having undergone surgery in the last 6 months. * not having undergone any surgical procedure that may affect the musculoskeletal system of the spinal column, lower extremities or upper extremities. * it was being cooperative and volunteering. exclusion criteria: * severe liver and kidney disease or new and progressive damage to liver and kidney function, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, suspected aortic stenosis, having a disease/condition for which exercise is contraindicated.

Keywords: covid-19 breathing quality of life physical activity fatigue
pain and convalescence after laparoscopic groin hernia repair

Conditions: Inguinal Hernia; Convalescence

Summary: the investigators want to identify limiting factors for short convalescence after laparoscopic groin hernia repair. before the operation patients are given intensive structured information about one day´s convalescence. patients fill out questionnaire before operation about several clinically relevant parameters. this is also done first 3 days after operation and after 1 month and 6 months. the patients are seen for clinical control at 1 and 6 months.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * planned laparoscopic inguinal or femoral herniorrhaphy * asa class i-ii * speak and read danish exclusion criteria: * converting to open operation * low compliance (dementia, psychiatric disorder) * use of morphine or similar drugs daily in the last month * complications to the operation

Keywords: convalescence pain nausea vomiting sexual dysfunction
effects of hypoglycemic drugs on testosterone levels in type 2 diabetes patients

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: the study will assess the total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin levels in men with type 2 diabetes before and after continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and hypoglycemic drugs treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * volunteer to participate and be able to sign informed consent prior to the trial. * patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 18-60 years old, meeting who1999 diagnostic criteria, have not used any hypoglycemic drugs. * hba1c \> 9%. * subjects are able and willing to eat and exercise regularly. exclusion criteria: * patients with insulin allergy. * impaired liver and kidney function with alt 2.5 times higher than the upper limit of normal value;serum creatinine was 1.3 times higher than the upper limit of normal.● drug abuse and alcohol dependence in the past 5 years. * systemic hormone therapy was used in the last three months. * patients with poor compliance and irregular diet and exercise. * patients with infection and stress within 4 weeks. * any other obvious conditions or associated diseases determined by the researcher: such as severe cardiopulmonary diseases, endocrine diseases, neurological diseases, tumors and other diseases, other pancreatic diseases, history of mental diseases.
formula identification (fid) 114657 in contact lens wearers

Conditions: Refractive Error

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the thickness of the pre-lens tear lipid layer after 2 hours of lens wear with use of fid 114657 compared to saline control.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * must sign the informed consent form. * stable, tear lipid layer thickness ≤ 75 nm without contact lenses. * successfully wearing bi-weekly or monthly replacement soft contact lenses in both eyes for a minimum of 5 days/week during the past 2 months prior to visit 1. * vision correctable to 20/25 snellen (feet) or better at distance with habitual contact lenses at visit 1. * willing to wear lenses 5 days a week, 8 hours a day for at least 2 days during the study. * demonstrate symptoms of contact lens discomfort. * other protocol-defined inclusion criteria may apply. exclusion criteria: * routinely sleeping in lenses. * any active eye inflammation or condition that contraindicates contact lens wear. * any systemic diseases that could prevent successful contact lens wear. * use of systemic or ocular medications that contraindicate lens wear. * fit with only 1 contact lens. * unwilling to discontinue the use of cosmetics (such as eyeliner, mascara, or eye shadow) or facial creams on or around the eyelids on day 1 and day 14 of the study. * women of childbearing potential who are currently pregnant, test positive for pregnancy at screening visit, breast feeding, or unwilling to use adequate birth control throughout the study. * other protocol-defined exclusion criteria may apply.

Keywords: symptoms of contact lens related discomfort
the addition of inhaled furosemide to standard treatment of copd exacerbation

Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation; COPD Exacerbation

Summary: the goal of this randomized controlled trial is to determine the effect of adding inhaled furosemide to the known treatment of patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) exacerbation. it primarily aims at studying its effect on: 1. relief of dyspnea sensation 2. length of hospital stay participants will be receiving the standard therapy of copd exacerbation plus either inhaled furosemide or inhaled saline over 3 days. they will be asked to: * perform spirometry * fill in dyspnea score * do arterial blood gases (abgs)


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 years * diagnosed with copd * presenting with copd exacerbation * requiring hospitalization exclusion criteria: * hemodynamically instability (systolic blood pressure ≤ 90mmhg, heart rate ≥ 120 or ≤ 50 bpm) * decreased level of consciousness * non-invasive mechanical ventilation or intubation at the time of recruitment * \>5 liters of oxygen at the time of recruitment * pregnant patients * other primary pulmonary disease or heart failure exacerbation

Keywords: copd furosemide dyspnea inhaled furosemide
spinal cord stimulation in patients with disorders of consciousness

Conditions: Disorder of Consciousness; Minimally Conscious State; Vegetative State

Summary: disorders of consciousness(doc) is the most serious complications and has been widely paid attention to by the government. doc patients cause large social and economic burden to our society for there has no effective cure so far. spinal cord stimulation(scs) for wake-promoting therapy has aroused scholars' attention and become a hot area recently. there was much debate about the effectiveness of scs therapy, but because of the limitation of our understanding of consciousness and the uncertainty of parameters of the stimulation, so, to figure out the indications and effectiveness of neuromodulation therapy should be the first step, and finding individual treatment and parameter may have important implications for doc patients.

the spinal cord stimulation therapy is explorative at best at the moment. attempts to improve the level of consciousness of patients in the different stages of doc have shown some promise. spinal cord stimulation(scs) seem promising in some studies, suggesting that further research is needed. current publications of doc spinal cord stimulation therapy was not convincing because of the small number of patients and no randomized controlled trial. therefore, there was much debate about the effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation therapy because of the limitation of our understanding of consciousness and the uncertainty of parameters of neuromodulation. the better understanding of brain function and large randomized trials are necessary. future research should also focus on identifying specific neuro-biomarkers (i.e. neural network). so, to figure out the indications and effectiveness of neuromodulation therapy should be the first step, and finding individual treatment and parameter may have important implications for doc patients. scientific issues targeted:1) to figure out the effectiveness of spinal cord stimulation therapy using random controlled trial. 2) to explore individual parameters of scs techniques.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients ages 14 to 65 years old; 2. doc patients, including vegetative state and minimally consciousness state. 3. with normal body temperature, stable vital signs, spontaneous breathing without an extra oxygen supply, no tracheotomy using metal trachea cannula, and feasible for magnetic resonance inspectors; 4. written informed consent from patient families exclusion criteria: 1. history of nervous or spirit disorders, or some other serious diseases such as cardiac or pulmonary problems; 2. with contraindications of spinal cord operations. 3. body temperature is abnormal, vital signs are not stable, still need a ventilator to support breathing; plentiful sputum needed suction during mri scans.

Keywords: disorders of consciousness spinal cord stimulation doc scs
does a low-fat vegetarian diet improve insulin resistance in individuals with type 2 diabetes?

Conditions: Insulin Resistance

Summary: the aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of experimental (vegetarian) diet compared to conventional diet with similar caloric restriction on insulin resistance, body weight and body composition in type 2 diabetic patients after 3 month diet program and additional 3 month diet program combined with intensive exercise. hypothesis: greater improvement in insulin resistance, greater weight loss without compromising the body composition (subjects will lose fat preferentially to lean body mass) and differences in the fatty tissue metabolism will be found in the experimental (vegetarian) group compared to the control (conventional diet) group despite the similar advise on caloric restriction in both diets. the differences between the two groups will increase after an intensive physical exercise program.

open randomized study. individuals with type 2 diabetes (n=60) will be recruited through newspaper advertisements and through advertisements in the hospital. they will be randomly assigned to a low-fat vegetarian diet or a diet following the guidelines of the study group on diabetes and nutrition of the european association for the study of diabetes (dnsg) (21) with similar caloric restriction (-500 kcal/d). the participants will be followed for 12 weeks and then for another 12 weeks with the addition of intensive physical exercise. all meals during the 6 months will be provided.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. individuals with type 2 diabetes as defined by the criteria of the american diabetes association and recognized by who, expert committee on the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus (19,20) 2. concurrent t2 dm therapy: the use of oral hypoglycemic medication stable for the last 3 months 3. hba1c ≥ 4 and ≤ 9.0 % (ifcc) \~ ≥ 6.0 and ≤ 11 % (dcct) 4. men and women who are 30 to 70 years of age 5. body mass index (kg/m2) between 25 and 53 6. informed consent: a signed and dated written consent obtained from the subject before any procedures are performed 7. willing to change dietary habits and to follow the prescribed diet and exercise program exclusion criteria: 1. current alcohol or drug abuse 2. pregnancy, lactating 3. unstable medical status 4. diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus 5. significant weight gain or loss (defined as ≥ 10% of total body weight) within the past 3 months prior to screening. 6. pacemaker or metal in the body.

Keywords: insulin resistance vegetarian diet
warming contrast media for hysterosalpingography

Conditions: Infertility

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the use of warm-media with cold-media in performing hysterosalpingography (hsg).

as an essential step of the infertile work-up, hysterosalpingography remains widely used in many country since it was first reported at 1914. although hsg is a non-invasive and safety procedure, it still has some adverse. lower abdominal pain and vasovagal episodes are mainly acute reactions to the contrast media of hsg, the later include nausea, vomit, sweating, weakness and even bradycardia, occur in 16-54% of patients undergoing hsg. many techniques were developed to reduce adverse reactions or alleviate the pain in using of contrast media, include previous analgesia, pretreatment with corticosteroids and using non-ionic contrast media for hsg. however, in a recently cochrane's review, reported it lack of benefit for using any pain relief medication in hsg. pre-warming the hands and instruments makes physical examination more comfortable for the patients. local active warming can valid lessen the acute pelvic pain. experiences from the peritoneal dialysis and the laparoscopy surgical reveal that warm dialysis solution or air insufflation can decrease the pain of operation. a randomize study on sonohysterography (shg), another technique for exam tubal and uterine cavity diseases, cue that warming of echovist contrast media to body temperature is a simple and effective intervention in reducing discomfort at the time exam.because the less volume of medium injected during the hsg and the iodine medias may have different properties to the echovist media, whether this intervention is also valid in hsg remains unknown.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infertile women who seeking for hsg testing exclusion criteria: * suspect of pregnancy * acute low reproductive duct infection * a known hypersensitivity to iodine * genital bleeding * genital malignancy
effects of bobath exercises combined with gasotransmitter on spastic diplegic cp

Conditions: Cerebral Palsy

Summary: this study examines the effects of combining bo bath neurodevelopmental exercises with gasotransmitter in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy, a condition marked by muscle stiffness and coordination challenges in the legs.

the primary objective is to enhance motor learning by reinforcing weak movement patterns while reducing excessive muscle activity. additionally, this combination aims to improve postural control, movement coordination, and overall functional abilities.the randomized controlled trial includes 47 children aged 6-18, divided into three groups: one receiving only bo bath exercises, another receiving gasotransmitter alone, and a third receiving both interventions. baseline assessments were conducted, and ethical approval along with informed consent was obtained. the interventions target spasticity reduction and gross motor improvement, with outcomes measured using the gross motor function classification system (gmfcs) for motor skills and the modified ashworth scale for spasticity. findings suggest that combining bo bath therapy with gasotransmitters effectively reduces spasticity, enhances motor control, and supports activities of daily living, highlighting its potential as an effective therapeutic approach.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a confirmed diagnosis of spastic diplegic cerebral palsy * participants aged 6 to 18 years. * moderate to severe spasticity in the lower limbs, as measured by the modified ashworth scale. * ability to follow simple instructions and participate in the stretching exercises. * written informed consent obtained from the participant's legal guardian or the participant if of legal consenting age. * no significant changes in medication or therapy for cerebral palsy in the three months prior to the study. exclusion criteria: * presence of other neurological conditions apart from spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. * history of major orthopaedic surgery in the past year or planned surgery during the study period. * receipt of botulinum toxin injections in the lower limbs within the last six months. * severe joint contractures that limit the range of motion necessary for the stretching exercises. * any medical condition that contraindicates participation in the study, such as uncontrolled epilepsy, severe cardiovascular disorders, or acute infections. * inability or unwillingness to comply with the study protocol and scheduled visits.
mitochondrial effects of c18:0 supplementation in humans

Conditions: Alteration of Mitochondrial Membrane; Type2 Diabetes; Fatty Acid Deficiency

Summary: the purpose of this crossover study is to determine whether nutritional supplementation of c18:0 in humans has mitochondrial effects as shown in drosophila and human cell culture. we will compare a study cohort of patients with diagnosed type 2 diabetes with non-diabetics. participants will undergo a 2-day low-fat vegan diet and will then be supplemented with a bolus of c18:0. changes in the mitochondrial morphology and function of white blood cells will be scored by immunofluorescence and facs analysis.

the purpose of this study is to determine whether nutritional supplementation of c18:0 in humans has mitochondrial effects as shown in drosophila and human cell culture. we will compare a study cohort of patients with diagnosed type 2 diabetes with non-diabetics. participants will undergo a 2-day low-fat vegan diet to reach baseline levels of c18:0 and will then be fed a milkshake supplemented with 24g of c18:0, which corresponds roughly to the c18:0 content of a fast-food meal. blood samples will be taken at baseline and several hours after intake. we will look at changes in mitochondrial morphology of neutrophils by immunofluorescence, and score mitochondrial function via facs analysis. since this study is designed as a crossover study, participants will also receive a mock milk shake after another 2 days of low-fat vegan diet.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 diabetes, either dietary treatment or oral medication * must be able to give consent exclusion criteria: * insulin treated diabetes mellitus * severe diseases inducing wasting (e.g. cancer, liver cirrhosis, renal failure) * conditions of malnourishment * severe anemia * pregnancy * alcohol abuse

Keywords: transferrin receptor type 2 diabetes stearic acid (c18:0) mitochondrial morphology crossover study
cardiac amyloidosis registry study

Conditions: Amyloidosis, Immunoglobulin Light-chain

Summary: this registry is a observational, multi-center study designed to collect data and analyze it retrospectively on patients with cardiac amyloidosis who have been evaluated and treated at major amyloid centers across the us and internationally between 1997 and 2025.

amyloidosis is a rare, multisystem disorder in which an insoluble protein is deposited in tissues, leading to organ dysfunction. several proteins have been identified to potentially lead to amyloid cardiomyopathy (ac). given the rare nature of these diseases, a large, multi-center effort to describe the characteristics of these patients and their outcomes with novel treatment modalities has not been established. (tbd) academic medical centers from the us and internationally will compile demographic, hemodynamic and organ-involvement data, as well as treatment strategies for al and ttr amyloidosis. this registry is an observational, multi-center study designed to collect data and analyze it retrospectively on patients with cardiac amyloidosis who have been evaluated and treated at major amyloid centers across the us and internationally between 1997 and 2025. it is expected that the total patient population will be approximately 5000 patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * established diagnosis of al or ttr cardiomyopathy identified or treated within the timeframe * specific to csmc: if the individual provided consent while they were alive, and if sufficient information exists in their chart, their data will be included. * information on deceased individuals may be included, but only with the appropriate approval from the external site irb and/or according to the federal regulations for the protection of human subjects. exclusion criteria: * at cedars-sinai, records that specifically state not to be used in research will not be accessed. patients who have enacted a no research flag or are noted as "break the glass" will not be included. for external sites, records that indicate no research flag or are noted as "break the glass" may be included based on institutional policies and appropriate approvals, as applicable.