Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization among children treated with asthmatic drugs early in their lives

Conditions: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization; Asthma in Children

Summary: the aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of molar incisor hypo mineralization among children who have been treated with asthmatic drugs during the first three years of life.

the term molar incisor hypo mineralization (mih) was first introduced in 2001 as a developmental disorder of enamel characterized by hypo mineralization -of systemic origin - affecting the enamel of first permanent molars (pfm) ,frequently associated with affected permanent incisors. the prevalence of mih varies widely, ranging from 2.4 % to 40.2% in different populations. this wide variation may be due to differences in diagnostic criteria and methodologies used by the authors. concerning the etiology of mih it is mostly related to pre natal, perinatal, and post natal illness. asthma and asthmatic drugs have been proposed to be one of the etiological factors of mih,internationally, the mean prevalence of pediatric asthma is 10%.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. children from 8 to 12 years old with fully erupted first permanent molars and permanent incisors. 2. children who were patients of the pediatric pulmonary clinic and had used asthma drugs (oral and inhaled bronchodilators or corticosteroids) during their first three years of life. exclusion criteria: 1. children with any chronic disease 2. children with unerupted or partially erupted first permanent molars. 3. children using a fixed orthodontic appliance 4. children having extensive carious lesions that might mask dental enamel defects.

Keywords: mih asthmatic drugs
effect of a psychological intervention on stigma: a randomized controlled study

Conditions: Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Stigma; Psychological Intervention

Summary: the purpose of this study was to construct a stigma intervention program for college students with irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) based on the acceptance and commitment therapy (act) theory and to investigate the effectiveness in reducing stigma in ibs patients with the aim of enhancing their mental health and improving their quality of life.

using purposive sampling method, 84 college students with irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) accompanied by a sense of shame who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from june 2023 to january 2024 in a comprehensive university in yangzhou city were selected for the study. using the method of random grouping, the patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were numbered and randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group by computer random number procedure. because individual patients fell out during the study, the final sample size for inclusion in the study was 80 cases, with 40 cases in each group. the control group was given conventional health education on irritable bowel syndrome, and the intervention group was given a 6-week acceptance and commitment therapy-based intervention programme for college students with irritable bowel syndrome based on stigma, with a 6-week intervention period and a 3-month follow-up period. the anova of repeated measures data was used to analyse the trends in the stigma, psychological flexibility (pf), self-acceptance (sa) and quality of life (qol) score trends over time to assess the effects of the intervention. a single-blind method was used in this study, and only the outcomes assessor was blinded.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with ibs who meet the rome iv diagnostic criteria; * duration of ibs disease≥0.5 years; * the perceived stigma scale in ibs (pss-ibs) total score≥80; * patients can proficiently use wechat and participate in remote follow-ups; * understand the research content, participate voluntarily and sign the informed consent. exclusion criteria: * patients with other intestinal diseases or serious primary diseases; * patients with comorbid psychiatric diseases; * patients who engaged in psychological workers or received psychological counseling within 3 months; * patients who have recently participated in or are currently participating in other similar studies.

Keywords: irritable bowel syndrome stigma acceptance commitment therapy
introduction of the surgical safety checklist

Conditions: Postoperative Complications

Summary: in january of 2007, the world health organization's (who) world alliance for patient safety initiated a project called "safe surgery saves lives" to identify minimum standards of surgical care that can be universally applied across countries and settings. through a two year process involving international input from surgeons, anesthesiologists, nurses, infectious disease specialists, epidemiologists and others, the who created a surgical safety checklist that encompasses a simple set of surgical safety standards that can be used in any surgical setting. each safety step on the checklist is simple, widely applicable, and measurable. the surgical safety checklist was piloted in 8 hospitals around the world and results demonstrated a significant decrease in death rate and postoperative complications. this study proposes to introduce an adaptation of the surgical safety checklist for an ambulatory care surgical program and to assess the efficacy of its adaptation and implementation on staff safety attitudes and patient outcomes. specific ambulatory-based items will be included in the checklist and patient outcomes will be assessed using the institute for health improvement's perioperative surgical outcomes tool which will also be adapted for use for the ambulatory setting as well as routine follow up phone calls with patients on the 1st postoperative day.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ambulatory surgical patient exclusion criteria: * in-patient or any patient who is planning to be admitted to hospital postoperatively

Keywords: patient safety team work communication ambulatory surgical patients
extension study to assess long term safety in children and adolescents with crohn's disease receiving certolizumab pegol

Conditions: Crohn's Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of certolizumab pegol (czp) treatment in children and adolescents with moderately to severely active crohn's disease. secondarily, to assess the long-term efficacy, pharmacokinetics (pk), and immunogenicity of czp treatment in children and adolescents with moderately to severely active crohn's disease.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject who completed the c87035 study (nct00899678) through week 62 or assessments when their participation in c87035 was terminated when the study was stopped by ubc * subject completed all assessments required for week 62/visit 23 at the time of termination * subjects maintain stable regimen of concomitant medications for crohn's disease (cd) throughout study exclusion criteria: * subject who did not complete the c87035 study (week 62 visit), was terminated or did not complete all of the week 62 assessments when their participation from c87035 was terminated when the study was stopped by ucb but did not complete all assessments required for week 62/visit 23 at the time of termination

Keywords: certolizumab pegol cimzia® crohn's disease children and adolescents with crohn's disease
type 2 diabetes and the brain in adolescents

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Pediatric Obesity; Insulin Resistance; Dysglycemia; Hyperglycemia

Summary: this study evaluates differences in brain function and cognitive performance in adolescents with type 2 diabetes (t2d) compared to non diabetic controls (both obese and lean) and correlates these changes with obesity, insulin resistance, and glycemic control in youth with t2d.

this is a cross-sectional study examining neurocognitive function and brain activity in resting state and during working memory and executive function tasks using blood oxygen level dependent (bold) functional mri (fmri) during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic and hyperglycemic clamps in obese adolescents with t2d compared to non-diabetic obese and lean controls. the investigators will measure glycemic control (acute hyperglycemia during clamps and glycemic variability) and insulin resistance to examine their association with neurocognitive metrics and brain functional activity. there will be one screening visit and three study visits for subjects with t2d. one visit will consist of neurocognitive testing and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (dexa) of the whole body to assess body composition including fat mass. in the other two visits, subjects with t2d will undergo normal and high glucose clamps during fmri. obese and lean control subjects will have one screening visit and two study visits, one for neurocognitive testing and dexa and another for fmri without glucose clamps. all subjects will have a blood sample obtained at the screening visit. only adolescents with type 2 diabetes will wear a continuous glucose monitor (cgm) for 6 days prior to neuroimaging to determine glycemic variability. a1c will be assessed at baseline. parents of subjects will also have abbreviated iq testing.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: type 2 diabetes: * bmi ≥85th percentile * a1c ≥ 8% * pubertal healthy controls: * bmi ≥85th percentile for obese controls * bmi \< 85th percentile for lean controls * pubertal * normal a1c \& fasting glucose exclusion criteria: * significant developmental delay or learning disability * significant visual or auditory deficits * born \<34 weeks gestation * neurologic disease * psychiatric disease requiring inpatient treatment * significant head trauma * malignancy * pregnancy * weight \> 350lb (mri weight limit) * metal in the body (including dental braces)

Keywords: cognition mri functional mri pediatric obesity type 2 diabetes mellitus adolescents continuous glucose monitoring insulin clamp
tuberous sclerosis complex and lymphangioleiomyomatosis pregnancy registry (tsc-lam registry)

Conditions: Tuberous Sclerosis Complex; Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

Summary: this study is an observational registry designed to gather information about tuberous sclerosis complex (tsc) and lymphangioleiomyomatosis (lam) in pregnant women and their child.

tuberous sclerosis complex (tsc) is caused by mutations in tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (tsc 1) and tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (tsc 2) leading to overactivation of the mammilian target of rapamycin (mtor) pathway resulting in multiorgan disease. specifically, patients are at risk for autism, epilepsy, intellectual disability, renal cysts, tuberous sclerosis associated neuropsychiatric disorder (tand), lymphangioleiomyomatosis (lam), and benign tumors throughout the body including subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (segas), renal and liver angiomyolipomas (amls), and cardiac rhabdomyomas (rhabdomyomas). sporadic lam occurs mostly in women and many patients with lam have tsc gene mutations. the purpose of this study is to gather information to help clinicians develop evidence-based guidance for the care of tsc and lam patients during pregnancy and to provide screening recommendations for fetal tsc. participants will be asked to complete monthly online surveys screening for changes in the pregnancy, maternal health/medication changes, and other care. for infants enrolled after birth, clinical data will be collected and reviewed for up to 5 years of age.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a pregnant woman with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of tsc as determined by the 2021 consensus guidelines (1) * a pregnant woman with a diagnosis of lam * a pregnant woman with a variant of uncertain significance in tsc 1 or tsc 2 * a pregnant woman who is pregnant and the fetus has a 50% chance of tsc as deemed by the pi or sub-is * a pregnant woman whose fetus is found to have concern for tsc secondary to rhabdomyomas, tubers, or congenital subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. * an infant born to an enrolled individual. exclusion criteria: * a pregnant woman without tsc who has used preimplantation genetic testing for tsc unless qualifies under inclusion criteria #4. * infants diagnosed with tsc whose birth mother was not enrolled.

Keywords: tuberous sclerosis complex tsc lymphangioleiomyomatosis lam
reward and punishment sensitivity in bipolar disorders

Conditions: Bipolar Disorder

Summary: bipolar disorder (bd) represents a chronic mood disorder and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. complexity of its clinical presentations leads to delayed diagnosis and difficult management in routine clinical settings. whereas distinguishing bd-i and bd-ii main subtypes has a significant relevance for treatment strategy and for outcome, there are currently no clinical determinants of the bd subtype which could be used as early diagnostic predictors. * while neurobiological specificity of each bd subtype is still controversial, available evidence suggest different dopaminergic abnormalities in each subtype. dopaminergic function is involved in decision making and reward processing which may represent useful bd subtype markers. * this study aims at assessing decision making during appetitive and punitive reinforcement learning in patients with bd i and bd ii subtypes compared to healthy controls


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bipolar disorder (bd) type i or ii, according to dsm (diagnostic and statistical manual)-5 criteria * montgomery and asberg depression rating scale (madrs) score \< 15 * young mania rating scale (ymrs) score \< 12 exclusion criteria: * other main diagnosis than bipolar disorder * other medical condition leading to cognitive deterioration

Keywords: reinforcement learning
proadrenomedullin assessment of multi-organ failure in covid-19 sepsis

Conditions: Covid19

Summary: covid-19 is a worldwide pandemic. around 5% of infected patients are admitted in icu, mainly for respiratory failure. outcome of these patients is linked to other organ failures. optimal therapies are not defined so far. the sponsor want to assess the role of mr-proadm as prognostic biomarker, and the impact of treatments (including supportive treatments) on mof occurrence and outcome.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * any adult patient admitted in the icu with covid-19 pneumonia exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * legal reasons (patients under guardianship, curatorship) * patient's refusal
effect of thoracic paravertebral block on heart rate variability (hrv)

Conditions: Breast Surgery; Thoracic Paravertebral Block; HRV; Autonomic Nervous System

Summary: the left thoracic paravertebral block have a different effect on heart's autonomic nervous system, as measured with heart rate variability, compared to right interscalene block


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elective breast surgery * age 20 - 65 years * asa i - ii exclusion criteria: * coagulopathy disorders * infection at the puncture site for the thoracic paravertebral block * severe kyphoscoliosis * allergy to local anesthetics * bmi \> 35 * psychiatric disorders * patient's refusal * problems with patient communication * arrythmia * ischaemic heart disease * diabetes mellitus * thyroid function disorders * patients with conduction disorders on the ecg * electrolyte disorders (k+, na+, ca++) * patients on medication that affect the ecg

Keywords: breast surgery thoracic paravertebral block hrv autonomic nervous system
studying t cells in blood and bone marrow samples from patients with multiple myeloma

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Neoplasm

Summary: rationale: studying samples of blood and bone marrow from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about t cells and plan better treatment for multiple myeloma. purpose: this research study is looking at t cells in blood and bone marrow samples from patients with multiple myeloma.

objectives: primary * to evaluate the feasibility of expanding myeloma-specific t cells using autologous ex vivo expanded b cells loaded with myeloma antigens as antigen-presenting cells (b-apcs) in peripheral blood and bone marrow samples from patients with multiple myeloma. secondary * to examine the feasibility of selecting and expanding myeloma-specific t cells ex vivo using interferon γ release and cd3/cd28 stimulation. outline: peripheral blood and bone marrow samples are collected periodically for laboratory studies. samples are analyzed to assess the feasibility of expanding autologous b cells ex vivo using cd40l and il-4; the antigen-presenting phenotype of autologous b-cell antigen-presenting cells (b-apcs) using flow cytometry; and the antigen-presenting function of b-apcs using elispot and chromium-release assay. myeloma-specific interferon γ secreting t cells are isolated and selected using miltenyi beads. the selected myeloma-specific t cells are expanded ex vivo using anti cd3/cd28 beads.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: * diagnosis of multiple myeloma patient characteristics: * not specified prior concurrent therapy: * not specified

Keywords: stage i multiple myeloma stage ii multiple myeloma stage iii multiple myeloma refractory multiple myeloma
a study on pathogenic surveillance and nasopharyngeal carriage of children and adolescents based on hospitals and communities in hainan province

Conditions: Pneumonia

Summary: this study intends to screen children under the age of 10 for respiratory pathogens, streptococcus pneumoniae, and serotyping in three representative cities in hainan province: haikou, wanning, and baisha, in order to provide a foundation for the subsequent promotion of streptococcus pneumoniae vaccines.

the purpose of this multi-center epidemiological study was to determine the carrier status of clinically diagnosed pneumonia, pathogen spectrum of clinically diagnosed pneumonia, serotype distribution, and drug resistance profile of streptococcus pneumoniae in sick children from hospitals and healthy children from the community.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 1. case group: patients from fever clinics and pediatric wards patients with at least one of the following will be clinically diagnosed with pneumonia and recommended for np/op, blood cultures, or induced sputum as clinically indicated (tb only or if performed routinely by the clinician), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf , according to clinical requirements), pleural effusion (according to clinical requirements), and chest x-ray examination: 1. shortness of breath ( children \ 24 breaths/minute ) 2. rales on lung auscultation 3. respiratory symptoms and fever ( axillary temperature ≥ 37.5 ℃ or rectal temperature ≥ 38 ℃ ) * 2. control group the control group will be randomly selected from the community and frequency-matched 1:1 with the case group according to age group, sex and city. exclusion criteria: * 1. hospitalized within the first 14 days, or discharged as a case group within the first 30 days, and lived outside the research center area ; * 2. people who affect the research results: patients cannot keep samples or the amount of samples is not enough for testing; * 3. can't cooperate well; * 4. the researcher judges that it is not suitable to be included in this study .
safety and efficacy of (pn-152,243)/pn-196,444 in the prevention of thrombocytopenia

Conditions: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Hodgkin Disease; Thrombocytopenia

Summary: intensive chemotherapy is associated with significant thrombocytopenia, often requiring platelet transfusion to maintain platelet counts. this investigational drug has been demonstrated to increase platelet counts. this study will test the safety and efficacy of the investigational drug in the prevention of thrombocytopenia in patients with recurrent or refractory intermediate-grade or high-grade non-burkitt's, non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl), or hodgkin's disease receiving dhap (dexamethasone, high-dose cytarabine, and cisplatin) chemotherapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients must have recurrent or refractory intermediate-grade or high-grade non-burkitt's, non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl) or hodgkin's disease and be scheduled for a minimum of 2 cycles of dhap (dexamethasone, high-dose cytarabine and cisplatin) chemotherapy exclusion criteria: * patients must not have active bleeding (exclusions do apply) or history of platelet disorder
optimizing drug-therapy in patients 80 years and older

Conditions: Drug-Related Problems

Summary: the purpose of this study is to measure the effects of an enhanced service where a pharmacists is part of the healthcare team on the ward (focusing on drug-related problems and transferring information between primary and secondary care). primary outcome measure is visits to hospital during a 12-month follow-up period, and the population is patients 80 years and older.

optimising drug-therapy for patients, 80 years and older, to reduce hospital visits background and objective: results from a pilot-study performed in 2004 at the academic hospital, uppsala, including 214 consecutive patients (80 years old or older) showed that 9.4%-13.6% of the patients were acutely admitted to hospital due to a drug related problem1. other similar international studies show that the frequency of drug-related hospital admissions stands for at least 14% of the acute admissions (14%-30.4%). of these admissions it was estimated that 32%-69% were preventable 2,3,4. a study from antrim hospital, northern ireland, showed that pharmacists´ involvement in the health care team can reduce the number of acute hospital admissions and improve quality of drug use5. in view of these findings this study was initiated in 2005 with fundings from the drug and therapeutics committee, the county council of uppsala, the division of acute-medicine and the pharmacy department at the academic hospital in uppsala aim and objectives: the study aim was to optimize drug-prescribing and drug use for patients 80 years and older. the main objective was to reduce the number of hospital visits for patients 80-years old or older. design: a randomized, controlled trial including 400 patients (200+200). patients in the intervention group (i) received a patient interview on admission, drug counseling on discharge and a drug review - all performed by a clinical pharmacist. patients in the control group (c) received standard care, without pharmacists´ involvement. patients were included between oct 2005 and june 2006. setting: two wards at the division of acute-medicine at uppsala university hospital, sweden main outcome measures: 1) frequency of hospital visits 12 months after (last included patient) discharge from hospital for (i) and (c).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 80 years and older * acute admission to study ward exclusion criteria: * \<80 years * scheduled admission * previously admitted to studyward during study period

Keywords: re-admissions medicines management patients 80 years and older acute admissions hospital