Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
ai-driven prediction of hospital-acquired infections with ehr

Conditions: Hospital-acquired Infections

Summary: this is a multi-center, clinical study designed to evaluate the application and effectiveness of an ai-assisted predictive model for identifying and diagnosing infection, leveraging multimodal health data.

hospital-acquired infections (hais) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in healthcare settings. early identification and prevention of hais are crucial for improving patient outcomes, reducing healthcare costs, and preventing the spread of infections. in clinical practice, healthcare providers often need to integrate a wide range of patient data, including medical history, laboratory test results, medication usage, surgical procedures, and clinical observations, to assess infection risks and prevent hais. as infection control and precision medicine become increasingly important, the challenge remains to predict and prevent infections, especially in patients with subtle or asymptomatic risk factors. recent advancements in artificial intelligence and data analysis techniques have shown great promise in improving the accuracy and efficiency of infection prediction and prevention. this study aims to develop an ai-assisted decision-making system by integrating multimodal data from electronic health records, lab results, clinical observations, and patient demographics. the objective is to enhance the early identification of patients at risk for hais, streamline clinical workflows, and optimize infection control measures. ultimately, this system seeks to reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired infections, improve patient safety, and enhance overall healthcare quality.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients with complete and accessible ehr data, including medical history, laboratory test results, treatment regimens, clinical observations, and infection history. 2. patients who have been admitted to the participating hospital or healthcare facility during the study period. 3. all participants must provide informed consent to use their health data for research purposes. exclusion criteria: 1. patients with incomplete or missing critical ehr data, such as lab results, medical history, or treatment details, which are necessary for infection prediction. 2. patients who have severe cognitive disorders, dementia, or conditions that prevent them from providing informed consent or participating in the study. 3. patients who have not been admitted to the hospital during the study period or who are receiving outpatient care only. 4. patients with terminal conditions where infection prediction may not be applicable to the clinical goals of the study.
sildenafil and uteroplacental perfusion

Conditions: Fetal Growth Retardation

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether sildenafil is effective and safe in the treatment of fetal growth restriction.

fetal growth retardation affects up to 8% of all pregnancies and has massive short term (increased fetal morbidity and mortality) and long-term (increased incidence of cardiovascular disorders in adulthood) health implications. doppler waveform analysis of these pregnancies suggests compromised uteroplacental circulation and placental hypoperfusion. our aim is to assess if sildenafil citrate could improve vasodilatation in fgr pregnancies. sildenafil citrate may offer a potential therapeutic strategy to improve uteroplacental perfusion in fgr. animal studies suggest that phosphodiesterase-5 (pde5) inhibitors, such as sildenafil citrate, may improve uterine blood flow .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * fgr pregnancies in 24-37 weeks of ga exclusion criteria: * vasodilator agents usage * history of cardiovascular morbidity specially of right heart side * drug or alcohol abusers * systolic bp more than 210 mm hg or diastolic bp more than 120 mm hg

Keywords: sildenafil fgr
assessment of an intervention to prevent obesity and diabetes in latino farm workers

Conditions: Overweight and Obesity

Summary: this is a study to assess the effectiveness of a culturally appropriate behavioral intervention to reduce obesity levels and ultimately the risk of developing diabetes type ii in immigrant latino farm workers. workers enrolled in a 2:1 ratio by random allocation into an intervention or control arm of the study. the intervention participants received weekly classes for 10 weeks with education on diabetes, diet and physical activity and practical exercises. both control and intervention were measured for weight, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose and interviewed before and after the study intervention. the main hypothesis was that intervention, but not control participants, would experience reduction in body measurements after the intervention.

a more detailed description is not desired as noted above.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 -60 * bmi between 20 -38 * willing to attend 10 weekly education sessions * able to speak and understand spanish * have medical insurance exclusion criteria: * fasting blood glucose about 126mg/dl unless physician attests fit to participate * pregnancy or trying to conceive, or breastfeeding * diabetic * on therapeutic diets * on medications that affect weight * if spouse / cohabitant already in the study * not a farm worker working for the reiter affiliated companies

Keywords: diabetes type ii, overweight, obesity, behavioral intervention, latino, farm worker randomized controlled intervention
a study of the safety and efficacy of ono-4641 in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis

Summary: the objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ono-4641 in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis over a 26-week treatment period.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult male or female aged 18-55 years inclusive at screening * patients who have a definite diagnosis of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis exclusion criteria: * multiple sclerosis course other than relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis * history of malignancy * history of clinically significant chronic disease of the immune system (other than multiple sclerosis) * inability to undergo gd-enhanced mri scans * diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (type i or type ii)

Keywords: multiple sclerosis ono-4641
non-invasive measurements of elastance and resistance

Conditions: Respiratory Insufficiency

Summary: the study aims to assess the agreement between respiratory mechanics parameters measured noninvasively by means of brief airways occlusions at the beginning of inspiration and the reference parameters obtained with standard techniques of esophageal and gastric pressure under static and dynamic conditions in a mixed population of icu patients mechanically ventilated in pressure support ventilation mode.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * intact respiratory drive; * pao2/fio2 ratio \> 150 with a positive end-expiratory pressure (peep) ≤ 8 cmh2o; * ph between 7.35 and 7.45; * patient alert, conscious, and cooperative with a glasgow coma scale ≥ 10. exclusion criteria: * infection, sepsis or septic shock; (with fever no) * hemodynamic instability; * respiratory centres depression; * esophageal deformity, or gastric/esophageal illnesses; * previous recent gastric/esophageal surgery.

Keywords: respiratory insufficiency [c08.618.846]
metabolomics characterization of biomarkers of ascvd and prediction model

Conditions: Atherosclerosis; Prediction Model

Summary: 1. describe the risk factors and metabonomics characteristics of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in chinese patients. 2. establish accurate prediction model of atherosclerotic heart disease.

according to the chinese cardiovascular disease report released in 2017, cardiovascular disease death is the leading cause of death of urban and rural residents, so cardiovascular disease risk assessment is particularly important. the development of cardiovascular risk assessment model was dated from framingham heart study which first proposed the concept of risk factors, and then adjusted the model several times. in 2016, the china-par evaluated the cardiovascular disease risk of chinese population. however, the application of metabolomics in coronary heart disease is a rapidly developing field and also a new field . therefore, the aim of this study was to 1.describe the risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and the characteristics of metabolomics in chinese population. 2. establish an accurate prediction model of atherosclerotic heart disease. research plan： 1. 1869 risk-stratified people were recruited. 2. plasma samples were collected incluing disease status and other potential influencing factors. 3. through the high-throughput detection of body metabolites, combined with multivariate statistical analysis, the metabolic markers with significant difference in different risk levels were screened for risk prediction. 4. all recruited people underwent coronary angiography. 5. the distribution of age and gender in each group should be matched and balanced as far as possible.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. the age of the population is 18 or more than 18 years old. 2. according to china par equations, chinese guidelines and consensus on cardiovascular risk assessment and management，it is considered as healthy, low, medium, high and extremely high risk group. 3. the subjects read and fully understood the patient's instructions and signed the informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. refused to sign informed consent. 2. acs is caused by surgery, trauma, or other diseases. 3. age less than 18 years old. 4. pregnant women. 5. in the past 3 months, the patients were treated with trauma surgery. 6. there are aortic dissection, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, pericarditis, myocarditis, stress cardiomyopathy. 7. severe heart failure. 8. liver and kidney failure. 9. blood borne infectious diseases: including hiv / aids, hepatitis b, hepatitis c, etc. 10. patients with a history of malignancies, autoimmune diseases, severe infectious diseases and trauma. 11. any condition (such as travel, speech disorder, mental disorder) that the researcher believes can significantly limit the completion of the patient's follow-up.

Keywords: metabolomics atherosclerosis biomarkers prediction model
evaluation of venous thromboembolism prevention in high-risk trauma patients

Conditions: Traumatic Injury; Venous Thromboembolism

Summary: this is a pilot study to determine if anti-thrombin iii (at-iii) serum concentrations differ between patients with normal versus subtherapeutic anti-xa trough concentrations when placed on enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily for vte prophylaxis. secondarily, this study will compare two enoxaparin dosing strategies.

this is a pilot study to determine if at-iii serum concentrations differ between patients with normal (\>= 0.1 iu/ml) versus subtherapeutic (\<0.1 iu/ml) anti-xa trough concentrations when placed on enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily for venous thromboembolism (vte) prophylaxis. secondarily, this study will compare two enoxaparin dosing strategies: standard 30 mg twice daily and a dosing strategy based on trough anti-xa values in high-risk trauma patients. specific aims include: 1) to compare the extent of reduced at-iii activity between patients with trough anti-xa \>= 0.1 iu/ml and \< 0.1 iu/ml upon initial assay; 2) to determine the proportion of patients who reach goal anti-xa and the time to goal anti-xa achievement between two interventional dosing strategies: enoxaparin 40 mg every 12 hours (with consideration to increase to 50 mg every 12 hours if recheck anti-xa is not at goal) and enoxaparin 30 mg every eight hours; 3) to compare anti-xa enoxaparin dosing strategies based on vte, bleeding rates, transfusion requirements, drug discontinuation rate and bioaccumulation, and 4) to determine patient-specific factors that correlate to subtherapeutic anti-xa such as serial at-iii activity, weight, body mass index, age, cumulative fluid administration, and thromboelastography (teg).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * multi-system trauma * anticipated length of stay of at least 72 hours * at high risk (risk adjustment profile \[rap\] \>= 5) and initiated on enoxaparin 30 mg every 12 hours per vte prophylaxis protocol * no counterindication to trauma team vte prophylaxis protocol (e.g., intracranial bleeding, incomplete spinal cord injury with hematoma within 24 hours post injury, ongoing hemorrhage, uncorrected coagulopathy, \>= grade iv liver or spleen injury, intraocular injury) exclusion criteria: * renal dysfunction (creatinine clearance \< 30 ml/min or on continuous renal replacement therapy) * weight \ 150 kg * platelet count \< 50,000 * allergy to heparin or low molecular weight heparin * on therapeutic anticoagulation on admission or requiring it within 24 hours of admission * isolated intracranial hemorrhage * known hyperbilirubinemia (serum bilirubin \> 6.6 mg/dl) * pregnancy * incarceration
hiv and genital herpes among high-risk men who have sex with men (msm) in lima, peru

Conditions: HIV Infections; Herpes Genitalis; HIV Seronegativity; Syphilis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to provide biomedical and behavioral information that is necessary for planning and starting hiv prevention trials in lima, peru. the occurrence of hiv is high among men who have sex with men (msm) in lima, peru, and bacterial sexually transmitted diseases (stds) and hsv-2 (genital herpes) are very prevalent in hiv-positive and -negative msm there. methods to reduce both hiv and stds are urgently needed among msm in peru. the information gained from this study is very important for future hiv prevention and vaccine trials that will take place in peru.

hiv incidence is high among msm in lima, peru, and bacterial sexually transmitted diseases (stds) and hsv-2 are prevalent in both recently and chronically hiv-infected msm as well as hiv-uninfected msm. bisexual hiv-infected msm could be an important "bridge" transmitting hiv and other stds to women. interventions to reduce both hiv and stds are urgently needed among msm in peru. given these associations and the high prevalence of stds among msm in lima, prevention of hiv infections is dependent partially on innovative methods to control bacterial and viral stds among high-risk hiv-uninfected msm. the data from this prevention preparedness study is critical for future hiv prevention and vaccine trials that will be conducted in peru. all msm are counseled and tested for hiv, hsv-2, and syphilis at the screening visit. \[as per amendment 07/23/02: the syphilis test results are provided at screening, whereas the hiv and hsv-2 test results are provided at the enrollment visit.\] high-risk hiv-uninfected msm in lima, peru, are enrolled. men are interviewed about risk behaviors in the past 6 months. trained counselors provide risk-reduction counseling according to locally accepted standards. men are followed at 3-month intervals for 1 year to determine the incidence of and risk factors for prevalent and incident hiv and hsv-2, and to evaluate the effectiveness of retention strategies. in the baseline questionnaire, 2 additional modules address sexual networks and willingness to participate in hiv vaccine or prevention trials, including an acyclovir trial. study data are collected and entered into a local database.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria volunteers may be eligible for the initial screening visit if they are: * men aged 18 years and older who have had sex with another man in the past 12 months. volunteers may be eligible for enrollment if they: * are able to stay on the study for 12 months; * are willing and able to provide information on how they can be located; * have had high-risk sexual behavior and have tested negative for hiv. exclusion criteria volunteers will not be eligible if they: * have obvious mental problems that would prevent them from fully understanding and participating in the study.

Keywords: syphilis herpes genitalis risk factors incidence prevalence homosexuality, male informed consent peru hiv seronegativity
d-0120 safety and pk/pd, food effect study in healthy volunteers

Conditions: Gout

Summary: this initial clinical study in the us will be a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose, dose-escalation, and sequential cohort study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pk and pd of d-0120-na in fasting, healthy volunteers (hvs). in food effect cohort, subjects will each receive 2 doses of d-0120-na in an open-label manner; once in the fasted state and once in the fed state.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects must be medically documented as healthy and acceptable at physical examination. * subjects serum uric acid level at screening ≥ 4.5 mg/dl. * subjects must have a bmi between 18.0 and 30.0 kg/m2 and a body weight of 50 kg or higher * subjects must have all laboratory parameters within the normal range or considered not clinically significant by the principal investigator. * subjects must have a normal urinalysis, egfr, ecg or results considered not clinically significant by the principal investigator. * subjects are able to understand the study procedures and risks involved and must provide signed informed consent to participate in the study. exclusion criteria: * any history or clinical manifestations of significant metabolic, hematological, pulmonary, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurologic, hepatic, renal, urological, or psychiatric disorders. * any history or suspicion of kidney stones. * positive for hiv, hepatitis b, and/or hepatitis c. * subjects who have used prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, or herbal remedies within 14 days before day 1 of study medication dosing. * undergone major surgery within 3 months prior to day 1. * women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. * subjects who received any investigational test article within 5 half-lives or 30 days prior to day 1 study medication dosing. * subjects who consumed seville oranges- or grapefruit-containing foods or beverages within 7 days before day 1 and during the entire study duration. * subjects with any condition that, in the judgment of the investigator, would place him/her at undue risk, or potentially compromise the results or interpretation of the study.
maternal lifestyle and neonatal hypoglycemia

Conditions: Hyperinsulinemia; Miscarriages; Pregnancy; Sedentary Lifestyle; Hypoglycemia

Summary: tpa has a pivotal role in placentation, mediationg activation of growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, degradation of extracellular matrix and basement membrane (directly or through activation of matrix metalloproteinases) and formation of hemidesmosomes. a high-carbohydrate intake combined with lack of physical activity provides a strong stimulus for maternal insulin production. in this scenario, either β-cells are dysfunctional and diabetes supervenes, or excessive amounts of insulin are produced, providing pathological stimulation of pai-1 synthesis. given that pai-1 is a major tpa inhibitor, pai-1 excess may affect placentation, increasing the risk of first trimester losses, preterm deliveries and intrauterine growth restriction. our hypothesis was that prematurity was not the cause of neonatal hypoglycemia, but a parallel occurrence of a strong stimulus for maternal, fetal and neonatal production of insulin.

in an observational study, we sought to determine whether markers of hyperinsulinemia or situations that increase maternal insulin requirements would increase the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia. mothers were selected if they had grade iii obesity, acanthosis nigricans (surrogates of chronic maternal hyperinsulinemia), any invasive bacterial infection or if they had used corticosteroid within seven days before delivery (surrogates of subacute insulin resistance), if they reported to have consumed a high-glycemic index diet within 24 hours before delivery or if they were physically inactive within 24 hours before delivery (conditions that could increase maternal insulin requirements close to delivery). based on the finding that that the risk of neonatal hypoglycemia increased fivefold with inactivity (95% ci: 2-11, p \<0.001), 11-fold with high-carbohydrate intake (95% ci: 4-24, p \<0.001) and 329-fold with both risk factors (95% ci: 32-3362, p \<0.001), next we have evaluated how a protocol combining exercises and a balanced diet throughout pregnancy influences maternal and neonatal outcomes. one of the outcomes analyzed was neonatal hypoglycemia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: recurrent early unexplained miscarriages exclusion criteria: (i) antiphospholipid antibodies, (ii) second- or third-trimester losses, (iii) multiple pregnancy, (iv) anatomical abnormalities that could increase the risk of early miscarriages, (iv) any condition requiring a priori anticoagulation, (v) protocol violation.

Keywords: neonatal hypoglycemia pregnancy physical activity sedentary lifestyle high-glycemic index diet take-home baby recurrent miscarriages preterm delivery
the enzen trial: comparison of evar endoprosthesis: endurant versus zenith

Conditions: Aortic Aneurysm; Aortoiliac Atherosclerosis

Summary: a prospective, non-randomized trial of patients submitted to evar for aortoiliac aneursym using endurant ii (medtronic) or zenith (cook).

a prospective, non-randomized trial of patients submitted to evar for aortoiliac aneursym using endurant ii (medtronic) or zenith (cook). the patients will be evaluated in a follow-up, regarding overall mortality rate, perioperative mortality rate and outcomes, such as endoleaks and reinterventions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: aortoiliac infra-renal aneurysms. - exclusion criteria: thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms, pararenal and supra-renal aortic aneurysms * patients not suitable for evar.

Keywords: aneurysm aortic aortic disease
proportional assisted ventilation and pressure support ventilation in adult patients with prolonged ventilation

Conditions: Respiratory Failure; Respiration, Artificial

Summary: a prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted to collect patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation. patients were randomly assigned to receive pav+ or psv as weaning mode. weaning outcomes were compared between 2 groups.

pressure support ventilation (psv) the most frequently used mode of ventilator support in intensive care units, but has several demerits. proportional assist ventilation with load-adjustable gain factors (pav+) is a promising mode with better patient synchrony and weaning advantages. however, weaning outcome of pav+ in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation has not been evaluated before. we conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial in a tertiary medical center. this study aimed to compare the effectiveness between pav+ and psv for weaning adult patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation and transfer to respiratory care center, age of 20 years or older, at least 1 time of extubation failure or spontaneous breathing trial failure in icu, stable hemodynamics, no vasopressor use, fio2 = 0.40 or less, external positive end-expiratory pressure = 5 cmh2o or less, pao2 \> 60 mmhg, and body temperature \< 38ºc (within 24 hours). exclusion criteria: * patients with bronchopleural fistulas, central neurological disorders, hemodialysis, and those with pressure support level already \< 15 cmh2o.

Keywords: proportional assist ventilation pressure support ventilation weaning prolonged mechanical ventilation