Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
prevention of retained items in childbirth environment and surgical sites

Conditions: Retained Surgical Items

Summary: to evaluate the user confidence in the confirmation of correct counts using a novel device and to assess clinical usability of the device during surgery.

accidentally retained surgical items or swabs are well-recognised errors that result in adverse consequences for patients. this error is one of the commonest "never events" - patient safety incidents that are considered preventable. although uncommon, these incidents can have devastating consequences. retained surgical items have 70% re-interventions, reaching 80% morbidity and 35% mortality. (birolini et al, 2016) 1 swabs or sponges are like small towels that soak up blood and body fluids so that the surgeon can visualise the operating area effectively. swabs are used in all areas of surgery which include operations on the tummy, chest, limbs. they are also used in the vagina during childbirth, to assess for tears and to minimise blood oozing from the vagina. the common risk factors for this error are out of hours surgical or childbirth procedures, multiple handovers in the care of the patient, raised bmi (body mass index) and unplanned change to the operative intervention. (gawande et al, 2003)2 as the name suggests, a 'never event' should never happen. unfortunately, incidents involving surgical swabs being left behind, particularly during a caesarean section or a perineal repair following a vaginal birth, are still happening despite over 100 years of institutional awareness of the problem and tentative solutions being implemented in clinical practice. never-events involving retained surgical swabs are a widespread problem affecting healthcare systems worldwide. it is therefore reasonable to ask the question: why are surgical swabs being left behind and what can be done to prevent this from happening? patient safety is a well-known priority for the european commission, who and the nhs. some of the national/international reports highlighting this problem: * cqc-opening the door to change (2018) * us joint commission report: preventing unintended retained foreign objects (2019) * the australian commission on safety and quality in health care and the new zealand health quality and safety commission (2015) * healthcare safety investigation branch (hsib,uk) investigation i2018/025 (2019)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients due to undergo surgery at the chosen nhs trust. 2. patients 18 years or older and consented to participation after an informed choice. exclusion criteria: 1. under 18 years of age 2. emergency surgery
131i-rituximab for relapsed or refractory marginal zone b-cell lymphoma

Conditions: Relapsed or Refractory Marginal Zone B-cell Lymphoma

Summary: marginal zone b-cell lymphoma (mzl) is a lymphoma originated from b-cell in lymph node with variable differentiation status, which is distributed to a variety of organs. a high response rate and long term survival is possible through surgery or radiation therapy alone in the case of limited disease. however frequent relapse and progression is observed despite of long term survival. the treatment after relapse has not been established yet. so we investigate the efficacy of radioimmunotherapy using 131i-rituximab in refractory or relapsed patients with mzl.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically confirmed marginal zone b-cell lymphoma * relapsed or refractory patients after treatment including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery * eastern cooperative oncology group performance status ≤ 2 * age≥ 20 years * more than one measurable lesion (more than 2cm sized lesion in conventional ct scan, more than 1cm sized lesion in spiral ct or contrast-enhanced pet/ct ) * adequate renal function (serum creatinine ≤ 2.0 mg/dl or ccr ≥ 60 ml/min) * adequate hepatic function (serum bilirubin ≤ 2.0 mg/dl , ast/alt ≤ 3 upper normal limit) * adequate bone marrow reservoir (anc ≥1,500/㎕, platelet count≥ 75,000/㎕) * patient who agree the purpose and intention of this clinical trial exclusion criteria: * recent (\<5 years) history of other malignancy or unrecovered from the disease (appropriately treated skin cancer and uterine cervix carcinoma in situ are excluded) * hemodynamically unstable due to the recent (\<12 months) history of severe heart disease such as myocardial infarction * acute complications of severe lung or metabolic disease * combined severe neurological or psychiatric disease * unrecovered from infection or other medical disease * recent (\<30 days) history of enrollment of other clinical trial * pregnant or breast-feeding woman * women of childbearing potential and men not employing adequate contraception at least for 1 year * previous history drug allergy to the content of 131i-rituximab * infection(sepsis, pneumonia, viral infection, etc) (inactivated hepatitis b carrier can be enrolled)
flexible urétéroscopy versus extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in renal calculi

Conditions: Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy, Flexible Ureteroscopy

Summary: flexible ureteroscopy is a recent procedure to treat renal stone. extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy was the gold standard treatment for calculi between 5 and 20 mm. in literature, the two procedures are available to treat these stones with a good stone free rate. there is no prospective randomized study comparing these two treatments. our study will define with a good level of evidence which technique is the best with regard to the stone free rate, secondary procedure rate and adverse effect.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient with 5 to 20 mm renal stone * age ≥ 18 years old * patient agreement signed * bmi \< 35 * contraception exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * severe musculoskeletal deformities * renal artery or aorta aneurysm * pacemaker * anesthesia contra indication * psychiatric trouble or law protection

Keywords: stone calculi kidney renal treatment flexible ureteroscopy extracoporeal shockwave lithotripsy retrograde intra renal surgery
time-effect of fest+tst in the upper-extremity rehabilitation of individuals with traumatic sci

Conditions: Spinal Cord Injuries

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate whether the timing of delivery of functional electrical stimulation therapy in combination with task-specific training (fest+tst) following spinal cord injury (sci) influences functional and neurological recovery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: • subacute stage (\<3 months) after traumatic, motor incomplete (ais c or d), cervical sci exclusion criteria: * contraindications for neurophysiological tests * contraindications for fest * medical conditions that can limit treatment protocols * other neurological diseases (i.e. peripheral neuropathies) * significant persisting mental illness; * learning disabilities; * substance abuse over 6 months prior to recruitment; * hearing and visual deficits sufficient to affect test performance; * contraindication to mri scanning

Keywords: functional electrical stimulation task-specific training upper limb rehabilitation
the effect of induced hyperammonaemia on sleep and melanopsin-mediated pupillary light response in patients with liver cirrhosis

Conditions: Hepatic Encephalopathy; Liver Cirrhosis; Sleep Disturbance

Summary: sleep disturbances are common among patients with liver cirrhosis, but the reasons are not well understood. in this project the investigators evaluated whether an increase in blood ammonia in patients with cirrhosis had an impact on sleep quality and the function of retinal ganglion cells measured by pupillary response to blue light.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with a clinical diagnosis of child pugh class a or b cirrhosis * written informed consent * \>20 and \<80 years of age exclusion criteria: * misuse of alcohol in the preceding 6 months, * episodes of hepatic decompensation leading to in-patient admissions during the previous month * history or clinical signs of overt he or severe sleep-wake disturbances * on anti-he treatment (lactulose, rifaximin, hepa-merz, generaid, bramino) * history of significant head injury * neurological/psychiatric comorbidity needing medical treatment * taking neuroactive medication/medication known to affect sleep * travel across more than two time zones in the preceding 3 months * shift work in the preceding 5 years * contraindications for arterial puncture (negative collateral circulation test, wrist infection or vascular abnormalities).
anti-mold azole in the prophylaxis for invasive fusariosis

Conditions: Fusariosis; Onychomycosis

Summary: patients admitted for autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, induction-remission chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplasia or acute lymphoid leukemia, or to receive immunosuppressive therapy for aplastic anemia will be screened with dermatologic examination. in the presence of any skin lesion in the extremities, direct exam and fungal culture will be performed. if these exams indicate the presence of fusarium species, patients will receive anti-mold azole prophylaxis

patients admitted for autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, induction-remission chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplasia or acute lymphoid leukemia, or to receive immunosuppressive therapy for aplastic anemia will be screened on admission. patients may be included more than once, provided that a new treatment is administered and \>30 days elapses from one to other admission (episode). screening will consist of a thorough physical examination in the extremities. in case of a skin lesion, direct exam and fungal culture will be performed. nail samples will be obtained by scrapping the nails with a curette, and samples from interdigital areas will be obtained using swabs. in a first phase no intervention will be performed. in a second phase, if direct exam and /or culture indicate the presence of fusarium spp., primary antifungal therapy with an anti-mold azole (voriconazole (200 mg bid) or posaconazole (200 mg tid) will be started. patients will be followed until discharge. the primary endpoint is invasive fusariosis, comparing the observational period with the intervention period.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * admission for autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, induction-remission chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplasia or acute lymphoid leukemia, or to receive immunosuppressive therapy for aplastic anemia exclusion criteria: * prior documentation of invasive fusariosis or allergy to azoles

Keywords: prophylaxis
evaluation of physical functions in lower limb burn injury

Conditions: Burns; Burn Scar; Lower Limb Injury; Lower Limb Wound

Summary: this study evaluates scar tissue, normal range of motion of lowr extremity joints, lower extremity functions, functional capacity, functional mobility, kinesiophobia and quality of life in lower limb burn injury.

patients with lower extremity burns experience problems with range of motion, muscle strength, balance and gait. these problems contribute to prolonged physical disability, return to work or deterioration of work capacity and thus lead to a negative impact on quality of life. in addition to studies showing that quality of life and functions may be affected adversely after burn, there are studies showing that burn percentage, health-related quality of life and functional outcomes are affected. the aim of this study is to determine the effects of burn area (with or without joint), percentage of burns and hypertrophic scar on the patient's function in patients with lower extremity burns.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * having a lower limb burns * to be a volunteer to participate exclusion criteria: * orthopedic problems affecting gait and stance * having a neurological disorders * walking with assist device

Keywords: burn injury balance lower extremity function burn scar
aerobic exercise to improve memory in tbi

Conditions: Traumatic Brain Injury

Summary: aerobic exercise holds a multitude of health benefits. studies in mice have shown that aerobic exercise improves memory, and increases the volume of the hippocampus, the brain's primary memory center. only two studies have been conducted in humans, one in healthy elders, and the other in a schizophrenia population. so far, there has never been an aerobic exercise trial in traumatic brain injury (tbi) to look at hippocampal volume and memory as outcomes of interest. the proposed project is a randomized controlled trial of aerobic exercise in persons with tbi. we will conduct a 12-week (36 sessions) program of aerobic exercise (stationary cycling), versus a control condition of non-aerobic exercise (stretching), in memory-impaired tbi patients to a) increase hippocampal volume and b) improve memory. importantly, we also expect benefits of aerobic exercise on the level of brain function. specifically, we will look at 'functional connectivity,' which refers to how efficiently remote regions of the brain 'talk' to each other. tbi is an ideal population to benefit from aerobic exercise, given the young age at which many individuals sustain tbi, which allows for benefits of aerobic exercise to be maximally realized in a population with sufficient neurofunctional reserve. the expected benefits of aerobic exercise (increased hippocampal volume, improved memory) from this intervention stand to have a meaningful impact on people with tbi, including improved health, productivity, independence, and quality of life. and, unlike current treatments for memory impairment (e.g., pharmacological agents, cognitive rehabilitation), aerobic exercise is a cost-effective, all natural, readily-available treatment for memory problems.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * tbi greater than or equal to 1 year * mri compatibility * right handed exclusion criteria: * reported lower body weakness or use of an assistive device for walking * history of pulmonary disease, heart disease, vascular disease of the legs, high blood pressure * history of stroke, other neurological disease/disorder, serious psychiatric illness * engaging in more than 30 minutes of aerobic exercise per week * current use of steroids, benzodiazepines, and/or neuroleptics * history of substance abuse
prospective evaluation of therapeutic combination in treating vertebral compression fractures

Conditions: Vertebral Compression Fractures; Pathological Fracture; Facet Joint Arthropathy

Summary: the purpose of this study is to collect clinical and radiographic outcomes in patients undergoing vertebroplasty procedures for the treatment of osteoporotic or pathological fractures of the vertebral body to understand the role of sagittal balance in patient outcomes. to support this objective, the sagittal balance measurement of sagittal vertical axis (sva), nrs back pain, quebec back pain disability scale (quebec) score, and complications will be collected. the secondary purpose of the study is to review the role of sagittal balance and adjacent facet joint arthropathy treatment in patients with vertebral body fractures due to osteoporosis or tumor.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients \>18 years. * patients requiring vertebroplasty for the fixation of symptomatic pathological fractures of the thoracic or lumbar vertebral body resulting from osteoporosis or tumor. * symptomatic vertebral compression fracture(s) confirmed by mri with bone marrow oedema on t2/stir sequences. * diagnosis of osteoporosis (clinically and confirmed on dxa with quantifiable bmd) or pathological fracture due to tumor * patients with 1 or more vertebral compression fractures of the thoracic or lumbar spine note: patients with a current vertebral compression fracture who also have a previous history of vertebral compression fractures of the thoracic or lumbar spine may be included. study specific inclusion criterion • signed informed consent exclusion criteria: * infection * vertebral body collapse to less than 1/3 (33%) of original height * vertebral plana (\>90% vertebral body collapse) * spinal stenosis (retro pulsed fragments). * unstable spine warranting surgical stabilization * prophylactic treatment of any vertebrae with vertebroplasty * irreversible life threating bleeding disorders * end stage kidney disease * drug dependence (ivdu) * pregnancy study specific exclusion criterion: • unable or unwilling to follow the standard of care prescribed follow-up visits

Keywords: vertebroplasty confidence high viscosity spinal cement observational post-market study
vibration for muscle spasms after spinal cord injury

Conditions: Spinal Cord Injuries

Summary: this study uses closed-loop control of tendon vibration to implement clinically meaningful management of muscle spasms after spinal cord injury (sci), and to understand the mechanisms responsible for spasm generation change in response to vibration.

the specific aims of this study are listed below: 1a) evaluate the ergonomics of the wearable device that will be used to record and detect spasms, then to deliver vibration to tendons to dampen spasms. 1. b) determine the vibration parameters that best reduce spasms in leg muscles paralyzed by spinal cord injury (sci) in the laboratory using the wearable device. 2. a) examine the efficacy of tendon vibration in altering muscle spasms by treating spasms as they occur in real world environments using 24-hour electromyographic (emg) recordings. hypothesis 2a: achilles tendon vibration will dampen spasms acutely, and may alter their distribution assess excitatory and/or inhibitory mechanisms that underlie spasms, and changes induced with vibration, by recording physiological, clinical, functional and self-reported measures of different aspects of spasticity, and health-related quality of life, before and after conditioning spasms with vibration. these data will provide insight into the site(s), magnitude, and time-course of changes with vibration; and user perspective on the effects of the therapy. achilles tendon vibration will dampen spasms by reconfiguring circuits generating 6-13 hz shared drive to motoneurons.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and females between ages 18-85 years of age * sci ( ≥1 month of injury) * asia a, b,c and d * sci above l5 * able to perform a visible contraction with dorsiflexor and hip flexor muscles (allowing testing of largely impaired patients) * able to ambulate a few steps with or without an assistive device. inclusion criteria for healthy controls: * male and females between ages 18-85 years * able to complete precision grips with both hands * able to complete full elbow flexion-extension with both arms. * able to walk and complete lower-limb tests with both legs. exclusion criteria: * uncontrolled medical problems including pulmonary, cardiovascular or orthopedic disease, * any debilitating disease prior to the sci that caused exercise intolerance * premorbid, ongoing major depression or psychosis, altered cognitive status * history of head injury or stroke, * metal plate in skull * history of seizures * receiving drugs acting primarily on the central nervous system, which lower the seizure threshold such as antipsychotic drugs (chlorpromazine, clozapine) or tricyclic antidepressants. * pregnant females, and * ongoing cord compression or a syrinx in the spinal cord or who suffer from a spinal cord disease such as spinal stenosis, spina bifida or herniated cervical disk. this information will be obtained by self-report.

Keywords: sci spasms vibration
a study of teriparatide in japanese osteoporosis patients

Conditions: Osteoporosis

Summary: the purpose of this trial is to assess the effects on serum calcium when teriparatide is used with active vitamin d in osteoporosis patients. this study consists of a screening period, a 14-day lead-in period, a 28-day treatment period, and a 7-day follow-up period. patients will take vitamin d and calcium supplementation from the lead-in period throughout the study. during the treatment period, daily administration of teriparatide will be added.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ambulatory japanese males or postmenopausal females with osteoporosis, as determined by the japanese society for bone and mineral research (jsbmr) diagnostic criteria exclusion criteria: * prior treatment with parathyroid hormone (pth) or any pth analog * history of metabolic bone disorders other than primary osteoporosis * fractures caused by diseases other than osteoporosis * abnormal thyroid function * hyperparathyroidism or hypoparathyroidism * severe or chronically disabling conditions other than osteoporosis * currently has or has a history of spruce, inflammatory bowel disease, or malabsorption syndrome * currently has, or a has a history of, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis in the 2 years prior to screening * clinically significant abnormal laboratory values or electrocardiogram * treatment with oral bisphosphonates at any time in the 3 months prior to enrollment, treatment with any bisphosphonate for more than 60 days in the 6 months prior to enrollment, or with intravenous bisphosphonates at any time in the 24 months prior to enrollment; or in case of oral bisphosphonates administered once a week, the equivalent as the above * treatment with injectable calcitonin in the 3 months prior to enrollment * treatment with raloxifene hydrochloride for more than 3 months in the 6 months prior to enrollment * treatment with systemic corticosteroids, except for orally inhaled or nasally inhaled corticosteroids, in doses \<= 800 micrograms per day (µg/day) beclomethasone dipropionate or equivalent in the 3 months prior to screening, or for more than 30 days in the 12 months prior to enrollment * treatment with anticonvulsants, except for benzodiazepines, in the 6 months prior to enrollment * prior treatment with strontiumranate or denosumab (anti-rankl antibody) * prior external beam radiation therapy involving the skeleton * current or a history of malignant neoplasm in the 5 years prior to screening, with the exception of superficial basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin that had been definitively treated
uniportal vats versus chest tube for early empyema

Conditions: Empyema, Pleural

Summary: this randomized controlled study compared uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (u-vats) versus chest tube drainage for initial (first-line) treatment of stage i (exudative) and stage ii (fibrinopurulent) empyema in adult patients (\>18 years old). the primary end-point of outcome was the overall success of treatment (no need for re-intervention or death). the main results demonstrated the safety of minimally invasive u-vats procedure in the initial treatment of early stages of pleural empyema in comparison to traditional chest tube drainage. initial use of u-vats was safe and feasible due to postoperative freedom from complex or marked effusion, in addition to significant reduction in the need for additional intervention, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, and total cost.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients diagnosed to have empyema and indicated for surgery. * age above 18 years old exclusion criteria: * inability to tolerate single lung ventilation. * contraindication for general anesthesia/ medically unfit

Keywords: video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery pleura empyema