Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
brain gym® exercises for institutionalized elderly people with cognitive impairment

Conditions: Cognition Disorders in Old Age; Physical Activity

Summary: scientific evidence regarding the effects of brain gym®, on people with cognitive impairment is scarce. this study aimed at comparing the effects of a program based on brain gym® exercises against a fitness exercise program on the cognitive function, functional independence, physical fitness and quality of life in institutionalized older adults with cognitive impairment.

cognitive training and physical exercise have been regarded as useful strategies in order to improve the cognitive function in older people with cognitive impairment. in this regard, it has been argued that while physical exercise improves the metabolic activity of the brain, the performance of cognitively demanding tasks increases the amount of dendritic branches and the level of synaptic plasticity, implying that the combination of both therapies may result in synergistic effects that positively influence various cognitive domains in different ways. one of the best known therapies which combines mental and physical training is brain gym® (bg), a movement-based program originally designed to improve learning capabilities through the performance of mind-body exercises. brain gym® can be considered as an interesting field of research due to the need of identifying novel therapies which might be more pleasant for older adults who tend not to be prone to participating in conventional exercise programs and might have a positive effect on their cognitive function. in spite of this, scientific evidence regarding the effects of bg on people with cognitive impairment is scarce and none of the studies compared the potential benefits of bg versus traditional exercise programs for this population. moreover, to the authors' knowledge no study of this kind has been published so far. under these circumstances, the present study aims at identifying the potential benefits of performing bg exercises on the cognitive function, functional independence, physical fitness, and quality of life of institutionalized older people with cognitive impairment, as well as at finding out whether the effects are more significant than those produced by a traditional exercise program.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * older than 65 years old. * mean score ≤ 24 in the spanish adapted version of the mini-mental state examination. * cognitive and co-operative ability to follow simple instructions. exclusion criteria: • individuals whose medical condition hindered or prevented their full and complete participation in the evaluation tests.

Keywords: cognition disorders frail elderly human physical conditioning institutionalization physical activity
ceftazidime pharmacokinetic in cerebrospinal fluid between continuous and intermittent administration

Conditions: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Meningitis

Summary: meningitis is an infection where morbidity and mortality depend on the delay of the initial treatment for a good prognostic. the antibiotherapy rapidity allows to decrease the mortality. intermittent administration of ceftazidime is a reference treatment of pseudomonas aeruginosa meningitis. in the case of pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumopathy, ceftazidime can be administered by intermittent injections or by continuous perfusion. the continuous administration of ceftazidime is not validated in pseudomonas aeruginosa meningitis. however, ceftazidime is a time dependant antibiotic and continuous treatment would provide a more efficient therapeutic. the aim of this study is to determine if the continuous administration of ceftazidime could permit a better therapeutic practice of pseudomonas aeruginosa meningitis compared with intermittent administrations.

this study will compare the administration of ceftazidime by intermittent intravenous injections (29 mg/kg 30min ×3/day) and by continuous infusion (86 mg/kg/24 h, preceded by 29 mg/kg/30 min). the main evaluation criterion of the study is the measure of the time during which ceftazidime concentration is above minimal inhibitive concentration of pseudomonas aeruginosa in cerebrospinal fluid. this study will be developed in a neurological intensive care department. inclusion criteria will be essentially, patients aged over 18 years old, hospitalised for a cerebrolesion associated to a hydrocephalus drained by an external ventricular derivation, an acquired pneumopathy under mechanic ventilation since more 7 days in the department of neurological intensive care. this study is a prospective randomised, simple blind and divided in two parts. the first part of the study is a study with parallel group comparing the treatment initiation between a continuous and an intermittent treatment of ceftazidime. the second part of the study is a cross-over study. one patient group will receive a continuous treatment of ceftazidime and the other patient group will receive an intermittent treatment of ceftazidime.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged over 18 years old, * patients hospitalised for a cerebrolesion associated to a hydrocephalus drained by an external ventricular derivation, an acquired pneumopathy under mechanic ventilation since more 7 days in the department of neurological intensive care exclusion criteria: * patients treated by ceftazidime 15 days before the beginning of this study

Keywords: ceftazidime pharmacokinetics pseudomonas aeruginosa meningitis patients hospitalised cerebrolesion acquired pneumopathy mechanic ventilation
the effect of decreasing the inspired oxygen concentration on post-operative oxygenation after primary lobectomy

Conditions: Hyperoxia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that decreasing the inspired oxygen concentration during thoracic surgery requiring one lung ventilation will improve post-operative oxygenation.

one lung ventilation is frequently required during thoracic surgery and results in decreased lung function post-operatively. supra-physiologic oxygen levels during surgery may contribute to this decrease in lung function by worsening lung injury intra-operatively. this study will include patients undergoing surgery to remove a lung lobe requiring one lung ventilation. the patients will be divided into two groups with the experimental group receiving a 60% oxygen in air mixture and the control group receiving 100% oxygen. the two groups will be compared by using a measure of lung function (the ratio of the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood to the inspired oxygen concentration) and blood levels of a protein correlated with lung injury (receptor of advanced glycation end products rage).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adults, 18 years of age and older, male or female. 2. american society of anesthesiology (asa) physical status i, ii, iii or iv 3. subjects who are scheduled for elective primary pulmonary lobectomy. 4. subjects who have an arterial line placed as part of routine anesthetic management 5. subjects who can understand and communicate in english. exclusion criteria: 1. subjects with a history of difficult intubation 2. subjects with a high risk of aspiration during induction of anesthesia 3. subjects with morbid obesity (bmi greater than or equal to 40) 4. subjects with unable to provide consent 5. subjects who are minors 6. subjects who are not english speaking

Keywords: hyperoxia one-lung ventilation thoracic surgery anesthesiology
exercise effects on cardiovascular risk factors, quality of life, muscle function in type 2 diabetes and healthy persons

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes; Impaired Glucose Tolerance

Summary: a sedentary lifestyle is known to be a risk factor to developing type 2 diabetes. the aim of this study was to determine the effects of adding regular nordic walking to daily physical activity. effects on quality of life, cardiovascular risk factors and functions in muscle cells will be determined.

regular physical activity is known to have a beneficial effect on several factors affecting the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. implementing and maintaining changes of lifestyle is, however, known to be difficult. in this study we wished to investigate the effects of an exercise intervention that is feasible to most people with type 2 diabetes or at risk of developing that disease. the intervention was nordic walking (with walking poles) for five hour per week, during four months. we chose to determine effects on health related quality of life, clinical parameters related to body weight/body composition, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, blood lipids, oxygen uptake and physiological effects in skeletal muscle cells related to glucose metabolism. on inclusion and after four months the participants were therefore subject to clinical measurements, blood samples, maximal oxygen uptake tests on an ergometer cycle and muscle biopsies at inclusion and after four months of participation. they also answered an extensive questionnaire focusing on health related quality of life.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi\>25 exclusion criteria: * physical impairment * symptomatic angina pectoris * insulin treatment

Keywords: exercise risk factors primary health care
assessment of the relationship between affective temperament and the severity of nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy

Conditions: Hyperemesis Gravidarum; Temperament; Morning Sickness

Summary: in this study, the investigators aimed to research the relationship between affective temperament with the severity of the symptoms of nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. the investigators aimed to assess temperament differences between healthy pregnant women and pregnant women suffering from mild, moderate, and severe hyperemesis gravidarum.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * to be 16 years or older * to be at the level of education to understand and answer the survey questions * to have singleton live pregnancy within the first six weeks of pregnancy according to ultrasound measurement or the level of human chorionic gonadotropine in the blood * agreed to participate the study by signing a voluntary informed consent form exclusion criteria: * history of any medical problems (eg. endocrine, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, pulmonary system diseases, vertigo) * presence of a history of psychiatric disorder (eg. depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, delirium, eating disorders and other psychotic disorders) * multiple pregnancy * pregnancy complicating situation (eg. imminent abortion, trophoblastic disease, ectopic pregnancy) * presence of a history of regular medication use (including drug use within the last six months for psychiatric illness) * to be not at the risk for anxiety disorder or depression according to the result of hospital anxiety and depression scale
maximum oxygen uptake in acl-injured professional soccer players

Conditions: Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Summary: our purpose is to evaluate maximum oxygen uptake (vo2max) in acl-injured professional soccer players and after a six-month period of post-operative rehabilitation, compared to a control group of healthy professional soccer players.

the anterior cruciate ligament (acl) rupture is considered a major injury and may affect the career of professional soccer players. surgical acl reconstruction is often required to treat the resulting knee instability. although acl reconstruction is considered a successful procedure in restoring knee stability, literature shows that only 55% of the participants return to competitive sports participation after surgery. soccer players need technical, tactical and physical skills to succeed, such as good knee function and aerobic capacity. our purpose is to evaluate maximum oxygen uptake (vo2max) in acl-injured professional soccer players and after a six-month period of post-operative rehabilitation, compared to a control group of healthy professional soccer players.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * acl injury * professional soccer player * adult * male exclusion criteria: * multiple ligament injury * knee effusion * unable to perform the examination on the treadmill * acl reconstruction failure * reoperation due to any cause during the follow-up period * goalkeeper

Keywords: anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction anterior cruciate ligament sports medicine soccer maximum oxygen uptake return to play
effects of delayed school start times on sleep, mental health, and academic performance among norwegian adolescents

Conditions: Sleep; Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm; Psychiatric Disorder; Sleepiness, Daytime

Summary: the aim is to investigate whether later school start times have positive effects on high school students' sleep patterns, mental health and daytime functioning.

the current study is a randomized controlled study investigating whether later school start times on mondays and tuesdays have positive impact on high school students' sleep patterns, mental health, and daytime functioning. 1st year high school students are randomly assigned to classes starting either two hours later on mondays and one hour later on tuesday and ordinary school start times (8:15 ± 15 min) for the rest of the week, or to classes starting at regularly school start times (8:15 ± 15 min.) all weekdays. the students will be invited to respond to a web-based survey assessing sleep, mental health, and daytime functioning by the beginning and end of the school year. official school grades and school absence data will be collected through the county administration for consenting students. cognitive tests and objective sleep record through somnofy are planned for a subgroup by the end of the 2024-25 school year. the study will last for two school years and involve two different cohorts of 1st year high school students.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 1st year high school students at study preparatory program of participating schools exclusion criteria: * parent consent not obtained/documented for participants under 16 years
colombian screening mammography project

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: a cluster randomized controlled trial was performed in bogotá, colombia between 2007-2008 to evaluate the effects of an opportunistic (hospital-based) screening program (intervention) vs. usual care (control) in which 26 clinics were randomized to an intervention (n=13) or control arm (n=13). at intervention clinics general practitioners were instructed to perform clinical breast examination (cbe) on all women aged 50-69 years attending clinics for non-breast health related issues, and to refer them for mammographic screening. physicians from control clinics were not specifically instructed to perform breast-screening or refer women for mammography, but could do so if they thought it appropriate ('usual care'). women were followed for 2 years post-randomization.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: female aged 50-69 resident in bogotá, colombia or surrounding cities; had not had a mammogram in the previous two years; no history of breast cancer attending health-centers for reasons unrelated to breast health exclusion criteria: * see above
a trial of ins068 in patients with type 2 diabetes not adequately controlled with one or two oral antidiabetics

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: the study is being conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ind068 once daily (qd) in subjects with type 2 diabetes not adequately controlled with one or two oral antidiabetics compared to insulin degludec qd for 16 weeks.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * informed consent obtained before any trial-related activities. (trial-related activities are any procedure that will not have been performed during normal management of the subject.) * age is 18-75 years * diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (according to the diagnosis criteria applicable locally) for at least 3 months * treatment with one or two oral anti-diabetic drug (oads): metformin at astable daily dose of ≥ 1500 mg or maximum tolerated dose (at least 1000mg daily), with or without insulin secretagogue (su or glinides) or dpp-4 inhibitors or sglt-2 inhibitors or alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for at least 8 weeks at a stable dose. the dose(s) of oad other than metformin should be minimum half of the daily maximal dose according to local labelling or maximum tolerated dose. * insulin naïve. short-term insulin treatment (consecutive or cumulative treatment of ≤14 days) and insulin treatment for gestational diabetes are allowed. * hba1c 7.0-10.0 % (53-85 mmol/mol) (both inclusive) * bmi 19-40 kg/m2 (both inclusive) exclusion criteria: * known or suspected allergy or intolerance to the active substance or to any of the excipients of the investigational medical products * severe hypoglycemia during the previous 6 months. * hospitalization for diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome during the previous 6 months. * cardiovascular disease within the last 12 months, defined as: stroke, decompensated heart failure (new york heart association \[nyha\] class iii or iv), myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina pectoris or transient ischemic attack. * diagnosis of malignant neoplasms (except basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, polyps and in-situ carcinomas) within the last 5 years or increased risk of cancer or relapse of cancer. * any antidiabetic medication other than permitted in the inclusion criteria or any weight-loss drug within the last 8 weeks.. * systemic or intra-articular corticosteroids treatment within the last 3 months.
the relevance of the blood-brain barrier to cognitive dysfunction and alzheimer's disease

Conditions: Blood Brain Barrier; Alzheimer Disease; Cognitive Dysfunction; Dementia

Summary: this study attempts to replicate the findings published in nature medicine by nation and colleagues (2019). by using a large observational cohort (dzne - longitudinal cognitive impairment and dementia study; delcode) consisting of cognitively healthy individuals, individuals with subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia due to alzheimer's disease, an association between the blood-brain barrier and cognitive dysfunction is investigated. the integrity of the blood-brain barrier is investigated by using a novel mri protocol as well as a novel biomarker in the cerebrospinal fluid.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - ≥ 50 years with neuropsychologically confirmed no cognitive dysfunction, mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia exclusion cirteria: * no current or prior history of any neurological or psychiatric condition, which might affect cognitive function * no neurodegenerative disease other than ad * specifically no extensive vascular white matter dementia or vascular dementia
effectivness of topical tacrolimus monotherapy in patients with vitiligo

Conditions: Vitiligo; Tacrolimus

Summary: the study will evaluate the effectiveness of tacrolimus 0.03% ointment monotherapy in patients with vitiligo. patients will be treated for 6 months and followed for 3 months after treatment. all types of vitiligo will be included.

study approval: the study was submitted for approval by scientific and ethical committee at faculty of medicine, sohag university. an informed written consent will be obtained from all participants. study design: randomized controlled trial. study population: the study will include patients who attend the outpatient clinic of dermatology \& venereology and andrology, faculty of medicine, sohag university in corporation with farshot general hospital. women who are pregnant or lactating, children aged 2 years or less and patients with acute or chronic disease that might affect skin barrier function will be excluded. patients and methods: study participants will be randomly divided into two treatment groups: group a will receive 0.03% tacrolimus ointment and group b will receive hydrocortisone acetate 1% ointment twice daily for 6 months. patients will be evaluated at baseline and monthly intervals for 6 months and at 3 months after stopping treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients with clinical diagnosis of vitiligo exclusion criteria: * children =or \<2 years old, women who are pregnant or lactating, patients with acute or chronic disease that might affect skin barrier function.
early feasibility study: application of oct imaging in dermatology

Conditions: Skin Diseases

Summary: optical coherence tomography (oct) is an established medical imaging technique that uses light to capture biological images from within optical scattering media (e.g., biological tissue). a high-resolution oct has the characteristics of non-invasive, label-free, real-time, cellular resolution with high tissue penetration depth that are highly valuable for clinical use. amo has developed an in-vivo oct scanning system prototype based on the clinical needs and potential applications. this study is designed as an early feasibility study aiming for validation of amo's in-vivo oct scanning system in dermatology through collaboration with mackay memorial hospital. the oct can provide cellular-resolution (\<1μm in lateral and axial directions) images which can be utilized to identify organelles. a high-resolution oct has the characteristics of non-invasive, label-free, real-time, cellular resolution with high tissue penetration depth that are highly valuable for clinical use. the proposed scenario in this study is to collecting oct images of skins with suspicious lesion including tumor, inflammatory diseases or pigment alteration as well as normal skin by using amo's in vivo oct imaging system. by using traditional pathological biopsy images or dermoscopic images as gold standard references, investigators will try to identify different characteristics in oct images of skin with suspicious lesion including tumor, inflammatory diseases, or pigment alteration as well as normal skins.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a patient who is fully aware of the trial and can sign the inform consent form himself/herself * patients with suspected skin tumors or skin inflammations * patients diagnosed for biopsy * patients with no open wounds in the tumor or inflamed position exclusion criteria: * patients with a transcutaneous infectious disease * patients under the age of 20 * vulnerable populations, including: pregnant women, handicapped, and homelessness * patient cannot cooperate in examination * patients with skin tumors that are in the subcutaneous tissue

Keywords: optical coherence tomography (oct) dermatology skin diseases pathology h&e stain