Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
measurement of revascularization effect using nirs in btk arteries

Conditions: Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty; Wound Heal; Ischemic Feet

Summary: patient with occluded below the knee arteries and chronic limb ischemia rutherford class v-vi are enrolled. during endovascular recanalisation procedure changes in tissue oxygen amount is recorded using near infrared spectroscopy (nirs). primary hypothesis - nirs can be used to determine sufficient amount of blood reaching the ulcered ishemic area. secondary hypothesis - nirs can be useful in detecting early recoil after btk recanalisation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * critical limb ischemia rutherford v-vi * at least one artery below the knee is planned to revascularize exclusion criteria: * blood oxygen saturation below 85% because of any comorbidities * life expectancy less than 12 months * unavoidable amputation above ankle * skin diseases preventing the use of nirs
comparison of intraocular pressure measurements between reichert tono-vera tonometer and goldmann tonometry

Conditions: Intraocular Pressure; Glaucoma

Summary: determine if the tono-vera tonometer accurately measures intraocular pressure (iop). the hypothesis of this test is to confirm the tono-vera tonometer is equivalent to the goldmann applanation tonometer (within +/- 5.0 mmhg).

the tono-vera tonometer (reichert, inc.) is a portable rebound tonometer intended to measure iop. subjects will undergo a standard ophthalmologic examination. subjects will then be measured with four tonometers: goldmann applanation tonometer (c.s.o. srl), ocular response analyzer g3 (reichert, inc.), icare ic100 tonometer (icare finland oy), and tono-vera tonometer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects must be male or female, between the ages of 18 and 90 years old; * be able and willing to provide signed informed consent * be able to follow study instructions exclusion criteria: * subjects with only one functional eye; * subjects with one eye having poor or eccentric fixation; * subjects with central corneal thickness greater than 600 µm or less than 500 µm (about 2 standard deviations the human mean); * subjects with corneal scarring or who have had corneal surgery, including corneal laser surgery; * subjects with concomitant ocular diseases such as: microphthalmos, buphthalmos, nystagmus, keratoconus, severe dry eye syndrome, blepharospasm, any other corneal or conjunctival pathology or infection; * contact lens wearers; * known allergy to proparacaine or fluorescein as these are used to anesthetize the eye and allow iop measurement, respectively, when used with the gat.

Keywords: tonometry, ocular
treatment of diacapitular condylar fractures

Conditions: Mandibular Fractures

Summary: a new surgical approach, denoted as the supratemporalis approach, was designed to treat diacapitular condylar fractures of the mandibular condyle.this approach prevented facial nerve injury and did not increase the frequency of other complications. therefore, the investigators suggest this surgical procedure as a routine and safe approach to diacapitular condylar fractures, which can also be applied to temporomandibular joint（tmj）and to the zygomatic arch.

eighty-four patients (112 sides) with diacapitular condylar fractures were treated surgically. forty-four patients (64 sides) were treated with the supratemporalis approach, and forty patients (48 sides) were treated with traditional preauricular approach. data on the surgical procedures and complications were recorded. the follow-up periods were 12 -24months. the evaluated parameters include facial nerve injury，the maximum mouth opening, mandibular movements, occlusion, scar formation，hemorrhage and infection.seven patients sustained facial nerve paresis in the group treated with the traditional preauricular approach. no case of facial nerve injury was observed in the supratemporalis approach group. no other significant differences were detected between the two groups in the functional and esthetic aspects.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical and radiographical diagnosis of dfs; exclusion criteria: 1. condylar fractures with undisplaced fractures; 2. fractures without the reduction of the condylar height; 3. a obvious scar at the temporal region, affecting the placement of the original incision.

Keywords: facial nerve injuries
mbsr programs to reduce compassion fatigue in nurses

Conditions: Compassion Fatigue

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (mbsr) program in reducing compassion fatigue among nurses. the main question it aims to answer is: does participation in an mbsr program decrease levels of compassion fatigue among nurses? the primary hypothesis is that nurses who participate in the mbsr program will experience a significant reduction in compassion fatigue after implementing the interventions. participants will include psychiatric nurse practitioners working in high-stress environments. participants will: attend a series of mbsr sessions over a specified period. engage in mindfulness practices such as body scans, and deep breathing. complete self-report measures to assess levels of compassion fatigue before and after the intervention.

this observational study aims to assess the impact of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (mbsr) program on reducing compassion fatigue among psychiatric nurse practitioners working in high-stress environments. the primary question it seeks to address is whether participation in the mbsr program leads to decreased levels of compassion fatigue among nurses. the primary hypothesis posits that nurses who engage in the mbsr program will experience a significant reduction in compassion fatigue following the intervention. participants in this study will be psychiatric nurse practitioners who work in demanding healthcare settings. these individuals will be invited to participate voluntarily in the mbsr program. the intervention will involve participants attending a series of mbsr sessions conducted over a specified period, typically lasting around 4 weeks. during these sessions, participants will be guided through various mindfulness practices, including body scans and deep breathing exercises. these techniques are designed to enhance participants' awareness of their thoughts, emotions, and bodily sensations, promoting a nonjudgmental acceptance of their experiences. to assess the effectiveness of the intervention, participants will complete self-report measures to evaluate their levels of compassion fatigue. these assessments will be administered both before the start of the mbsr program (baseline/pretest) and after its completion (follow-up/posttest). by comparing pre- and post-intervention scores, researchers will evaluate any changes in compassion fatigue levels among participants. overall, this study aims to contribute to our understanding of the potential benefits of mindfulness-based interventions in mitigating compassion fatigue among psychiatric nurse practitioners, with implications for improving the well-being and resilience of healthcare professionals in high-stress environments.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * psychiatric nurse practitioner * at least one year of nursing experience * participants would need to be able to read and understand english. exclusion criteria: * is not a psychiatric nurse practitioner * reservations against the program * have \<1 yr. nursing experience
a study of participants with moderate or severe major depressive disorder (mdd) requiring urgent symptom control in a psychiatric emergency

Conditions: Depressive Disorder, Major

Summary: the purpose of the study is to describe the clinical outcomes (severity of depression, severity of suicidality \& frequency of suicidal thinking, suicide events) and quality of life (qol) of participants with symptoms of major depressive disorder (mdd) that have current suicidal ideation with intent.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: for participant and carer * capacity to provide consent * must sign an informed consent form (icf) allowing data collection and source data verification in accordance with local requirements * sufficient command of english language to understand the study information and requirements for participant * participant must be deemed to have current suicidal ideation with intent at the point of study enrollment and be within four days of presenting with suicidal ideation with intent in relation to the current episode for carer * participant and/ or carer report that the carer has a personal relationship with the patient and provides unpaid support or care exclusion criteria: * capacity to provide consent * participant is known to be diagnosed with any of the following conditions: mania, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorder, depression with psychotic features, autism, dementia, intellectual disability * participant is known to be diagnosed with any of the following conditions: mania, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorder, depression with psychotic features, autism, dementia, intellectual disability
the effects of self-moxibustion therapy on subjective physical symptoms and health-related quality of life of the elderly. the effects of self-moxibustion therapy

Conditions: Health Improvement of the Elderly

Summary: there will be significant differences between control and experimental group after the moxibustion intervention as to, subjective physical symptoms and quality of life.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female older adults age between 65-85 * agree to participate and sign for the trail after understanding of study purpose, and method. * able to answer for questions by verbally or literally * able to participate in 2weeks after follow-up exclusion criteria: * having physical disorder such as thyroids, severe heart disease, dietetic mellitus, severe liver disease, allergy * subjects who can not attend more than 3 times of intervention session * subjects who are eligible by the decision of investigator
an analysis of burnout among surgery residents at a tertiary care hospital in pakistan: a prospective cohort study

Conditions: Burnout, Psychological

Summary: to determine the scores of exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievement according to maslach burnout inventory (mbi) in surgical residents.

a prospective cohort study was conducted at pakistan institute of medical sciences islamabad with a 6-month duration from june 1, 2023 to november 30, 2023 after approval from the institutional review board, 95 surgical residents working in departments of surgery \& allied of age less than 35 years (any gender) with duty of at least 60 hours per week were enrolled in study by using non-probability convenience sampling technique. residents were informed about the study procedure and consent for inclusion was taken from them. data analysis was done through spss v.26.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * residents working in departments of surgery and allied * both genders * less than 35 years old * performing duty of at least 60 hours per week exclusion criteria: * those who did not wish to participate
preventing caries with silver diamine fluoride

Conditions: Dental Caries

Summary: background: early childhood caries (tooth decay, ecc) affected 55% 5-year-old hong kong children, and 70% of these children had gross destruction of the upper anterior teeth with negative long-term impacts on health and quality of life. the existing standard of care for prevention of ecc, topical application of 5% sodium fluoride (naf) varnish, is inadequate. in hong kong and other parts of the world, 38% silver diamine fluoride (sdf) solution, applied topically to cavities, is used to arrest ecc. work published by our research group suggests it likely also has a preventive effect of ecc. moreover, sdf has been shown to be preventive in tooth decay in permanent teeth. nevertheless, no pivotal clinical trial has been performed to support a change in usual practice. aim: this is a phase ii single-centre randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, parallel-group pragmatic trial with two arms to assess the effectiveness of 38% sdf and 5% naf in preventing new caries lesions in primary anterior teeth. methods: 688 three-year-old kindergarten children who are healthy will be recruited, stratified by school, and block randomized to receive either 38% sdf (treatment group) or 5% naf (standard treatment group) therapy on primary upper anterior teeth. this sample size is sufficient for a superiority trial with power at 90%, allowing for a 15% dropout rate. the primary outcome is the number of sound tooth surfaces that become cavitated caries per child at 12-month follow-up. the secondary outcome is the number of carious tooth surfaces developed after baseline that become arrested at 12-month for each child. dental examinations for the status of caries (active or arrested) will be conducted by the same calibrated examiner. the examiner, children and children's parents will be blind to treatment allocation. parents will be surveyed to study the children's oral health-related behaviours and socioeconomic backgrounds, which will allow the adjustment for effect modification. possible results and implications: if the results are as anticipated, it will help change the standard of care for caries prevention. if adopted in hong kong, sdf therapy will prevent 20,800 (13% of the 160,000) kindergarten children from having caries developed in their anterior teeth, thus reduce significantly the burden of ecc of the children and related stress of their family. moreover, the results will be widely available and increase adoption of sdf in other countries to reduce the global burden of ecc among children.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * generally healthy, with parental consents exclusion criteria: * uncooperative and difficult to manage, have major systemic diseases such as porphyria, or are on long-term medication such as anti-epileptic drugs.
efficacy, pharmacokinetics and safety of testosterone

Conditions: Testicular Hypogonadism

Summary: this is an open-label study of a single and repeated application of three dose levels of topical testosterone in hypogonadal males with morning serum testosterone concentrations \< 297 ng/dl.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ages 18-65 * history of hypogonadism * in good health based on medical history, physical examination and clinical laboratory tests * screening morning serum testosterone ≤ 297 ng/dl * one or more symptoms of testosterone deficiency (i.e. fatigue, reduced libido or reduced sexual functioning of non-vasculogenic or neurogenic nature) * body mass index (bmi) between 18 and 31 exclusion criteria: * prostate cancer * palpable prostatic mass(es) * generalized skin irritation or significant skin disease * use of any medications that could be considered anabolic (e.g. dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea)) or could interfere with androgen metabolism (e.g. spironolactone, finasteride, ketoconazole) * clinically significant anemia or renal dysfunction * hyperparathyroidism or uncontrolled diabetes * serum psa levels; ≥ 4ng/ml * history of cardiovascular disease * use of estrogens, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) agonists/antagonist, human growth hormone (hgh), (within previous 12 months) * use of testosterone products (within eight months for parenteral products, or six weeks for other preparations)
efficacy and safety of the alena app as a treatment for social anxiety disorder

Conditions: Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia); Social Anxiety; Social Anxiety Disorder

Summary: the present study is a randomised controlled trial that seeks to investigate the efficacy and safety of the alena app as a treatment for social anxiety disorder.

this will be a 10-week web-based parallel-group unblinded randomised controlled trial with an 8-week intervention period and a 2-week follow-up post-intervention. participants will be randomly allocated to receive access to the alena app or to a wait list control group, in a 1:1 ratio. the alena app primarily comprises cbt-based therapy for social anxiety based on the clark and wells model, as well as cognitive assessments, calming exercises and a community forum.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * scored over 30 on the spin (indicating at least moderate social anxiety) * aged 18 or over * fluent in english * has access to a smartphone (ios or android) and the internet * uk resident exclusion criteria: * currently receiving therapy for their mental health * mental health medication has changed (dosage or presence) in the last 8 weeks * scores over 7 on the audit-c and/or yes on either drug dependence question taken from the dudit (indicating drug or alcohol abuse) * previous experience with the alena app through prior studies or user testing

Keywords: rct mobile applications social anxiety mental health social anxiety disorder
ketamine in chronic kid's (kick) pain

Conditions: Chronic Pain

Summary: this study is designed to select the most tolerable dose of oral ketamine for children with chronic pain. children will be given either placebo or one of three dosages of oral ketamine for 2 weeks. the dosage that is most tolerable will be selected for further study.

children with chronic pain are randomized to one of four arms (three study drug arms, one placebo arm) in a randomized, double-blinded fashion. children are treated for 2 weeks and then monitored for an additional 12 weeks. study participation is a total of 14 weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject, parent, or guardian willing and able to give informed consent * nrs for pain over the past 24 hours \>4 at baseline * chronic pain, which has been present for \>3 months, or persisting longer than is normal for the underlying diagnosis * chronic pain related to physiologic diagnoses including but not limited to: cancer, rheumatologic disease, sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis, and neuromuscular disease (e.g. duchenne muscular dystrophy) * able to tolerate and cooperate with neurocognitive assessment * age 8-20 years old exclusion criteria: * if they are known or suspected to have drug addiction * uncontrolled psychiatric disorder such as depression, schizophrenia, or bipolar disorder * uncontrolled hypertension * known liver disease or elevation of ast or alt greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal. * previous intolerance or allergic reaction to ketamine * pregnancy * use of cyp3a4 inhibitors or inducers within the 2-week period prior the study drug administration or within 5 half-lives of the respective medication, whichever is longer, until study conclusion. * consumption of grapefruit or grapefruit products from at least 2 weeks prior to study drug administration until study conclusion.

Keywords: chronic pain child pediatric ketamine
evidence of haloperidol absorption after topical administration

Conditions: Nausea; Vomiting

Summary: this will be a blinded study to compare the absorption of topical haloperidol with placebo


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria * age: patient must be 18 years or older and less than 70 years of age. * provision of informed consent * no previous adverse reaction to haloperidol * no current use of haloperidol * good health * no alcohol within 24 hours of the study * no significant cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, hematologic, neurologic, renal, hepatic or pulmonary disease. * normal neurologic exam exclusionary criteria * evidence of any other significant clinical disorder or laboratory finding that makes it undesirable for the patient to participate in the study * recent cerebral trauma * study will exclude women who are pregnant and/or nursing * women who are of child bearing potential must have a negative urine pregnancy test. * history of seizures * taking medications that can interact with haloperidol * subjects with significant cardiovascular (cardiac conduction deficits), gastrointestinal, hematologic, neurologic, renal, hepatic or pulmonary disease.

Keywords: nausea vomiting gastrointestinal symptoms palliative care
subcutaneous adipose tissue in cases with polycystic ovarian syndrome

Conditions: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Summary: this study aimed to search whether whole body and subcutaneous adipose tissues increase in pcos patients and whether these tissues are related to homa-ir and plasma adiponectin levels.

fifty-two patients with pcos and fifty-tree healthy controls who were matched for body mass index (bmi) and age (p=0.430, p=0.112, respectively) were enrolled in the study. biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac skinfold thicknesses (sft) of all cases were measured via caliper device; mid-upper arm circumference (muac) via a tape; and body fat distributions via a bioelectrical impedance device. insulin resistance was calculated via homa-ir while elisa was used to measure plasma adiponectin.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all of the women with pcos had normal thyroid-stimulating hormone and prolactin (prl) levels. exclusion criteria: * subjects with possible ovarian tumors, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, bmi greater than 35 kg/m2, any chronic renal or liver disease, were excluded from the study.

Keywords: pcos, skinfold thickness, homa-ir
effects of pa-1 transcriptional regulation on monocyte function

Conditions: Atherosclerosis

Summary: researching genetic differences in people with no prior medical conditions for better understanding of cardiac diseases through genetic research.

the discovery and subsequent application of small interfering rna (sirna) methods to achieve individual gene silencing in mammalian cells is a robust method that is well-described and validated in mammalian cell culture systems. we will apply this technique to achieve post-transcriptional "silencing" of pai-1 in monocytes obtained from otherwise healthy volunteers, and study the subsequent loss of this gene's function on the migratory capacity of these cells in the proposed in vitro experimental system. this concept has not yet been demonstrated in the literature, and if validated, would be a novel and fundamental description of the role of pai-1 in human monocyte biology as related to the development of atherosclerosis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ages 18 -50 * no current or past medical problems exclusion criteria: * patients taking prescription drugs (hormonal birth control or herbal supplements may be taken.

Keywords: metabolic pathways atherosclerosis monocyte function
impact of dural puncture epidural versus traditional lumbar epidural on onset of labor analgesia

Conditions: Labor Pain; Labor Analgesia

Summary: this study is to examine the onset of pain relief with two different methods of labor epidural. the traditional labor epidural involves the placement of numbing and anti-pain medicine in the epidural space which surrounds the spinal cord. in order to take effect, the medication has to cross a layer of tissue called the dura. in the current study, the same medications are placed in the epidural space after the dura is punctured with a fine needle. this research, will help evaluate whether this technique will result in earlier onset of pain relief.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnant patients in active painful labor * asa i and ii parturients * women ages 18+ to 40 * patients who have labor epidural as part of their labor plan will be recruited exclusion criteria: * patients admitted to the labor and delivery suite who are committed to have a delivery with the current admission but who do not want a labor epidural * patients with the following: bleeding disorders, infection at the site of epidural placement, generalized sepsis, stenotic heart valve lesions, increased intracranial pressure, patients with hypovolemia, and patient refusal * parturients with chronic pain syndromes * patients on mao inhibitors * patients with allergies to bupivacaine and fentanyl (and other amide local anesthetics) patients with substance abuse history will be excluded * non english-speaking patients will be excluded