Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
magnetic resonance imaging to detect signs of viral pneumonia in patients with coronavirus infection.

Conditions: Coronavirus Infections; Pneumonia

Summary: since the onset of the covid-19 pandemic, the importance of chest computed tomography (ct) in detecting signs of viral pneumonia has become clear from the literature. however, the increased patient flow creates an additional pressure on ct centers. we believe, the use of chest magnetic resonance imaging (mri) can help to test patients for cоvid-19 when ct scan is not available. lung mri may be useful in routing a patient in a difficult epidemiological situation.

currently, with increased load of ct studies, alternative methods of viral pneumonia signs' visualization are required. investigators hypothesize that chest mri could be a test for detecting pulmonary features of covid-19. they consider using mri to assess covid-19 viral pneumonia. absence of radiation exposure to patients is a clear advantage of mri. this is a prospective, observational cohort study assessing patients with suspected covid-19. it's primary goal is to determine the ability of multiparametric mri to detect lung abnormalities - ground-glass opacity (ggo), consolidation, "crazy paving" pattern, pleuritis - in comparison to ct scan. in this study each patient with suspected pneumonia will sequentially undergo both chest ct and mri during his/her visit. scan protocols will be identical for each patient. each participants completed an online questionnaire.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a referral from the attending physician for a chest ct scan * suspected pneumonia * signed informed consent * over 18 years old exclusion criteria: * pregnant or nursing women * presence of foreign implanted objects in the body at the scan level (including cardiac pacemakers, spine metalware)

Keywords: computed tomography magnetic resonance imaging lung mri
study evaluating the bioavailability of naproxen 375 mg in two formulations

Conditions: Arthritis

Summary: we will evaluate the bioavailability of naproxen 375 mg in two formulations


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy male or non-pregnant female subjects between 18-55 years as well as other standard inclusion criteria for a study of this nature exclusion criteria: * standard exclusion criteria for a study of this nature
diagnosis of lung lesions by endobronchial ultrasound with an alternative guide sheath

Conditions: Pulmonary Neoplasms; Solitary Pulmonary Nodules

Summary: the purpose of this study is to examine the usefulness of a balloon covered sheath as a guide sheath in endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial biopsy and bronchial brushing cytology for diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions

flexible bronchoscopy has been applied in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions (ppls) for decades. without accurate localization, the diagnostic yield for peripheral lung cancers by these procedures is limited and variable. localization of peripheral lung cancers can be aided by the use of computed tomography or fluoroscopy during fiberoptic bronchoscopy. however, radiation exposure to staffs and patients is always a concern in these procedures. the clinical application of endobronchial ultrasound (ebus) included determination of the depth of tumor invasion in tracheobronchial wall, evaluation of tracheobronchial structure before therapeutic bronchoscopy, localization of site of biopsy, ebus-guided transbronchial needle aspiration, and analysis of peripheral tumor. under ebus guidance, the diagnostic yield of transbronchial lung biopsy in patients with peripheral lung cancer by bronchoscopic examination was significantly improved without an increase in the complication rate. more recently, with the aid of a guide sheath (ebus-gs), ebus has been shown to increase the diagnostic yield of ppls, even in patients with fluoroscopy-invisible lung nodules, and avert the need for surgical procedures. most recently used gs for ebus are specified for the ebus probe with an external diameter of 1.9 mm. such a thin caliber gs is designed to reach the ppls, sometimes with an aid of curette, to provide an exact site for repeated obtainment of adequate specimens. we wonder whether a larger caliber sheath transformed from a balloon covered with an external diameter of 2.6 mm without reaching the ppls, can offer similar effectiveness in diagnosis of the ppls. the results may provide an alternative way for ebus-gs especially in those countries where the commonly used gs of ebus is not available.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with peripheral pulmonary lesions who are going to receive bronchoscopy exclusion criteria: * endobronchial abnormalities * associated lung parenchyma changes, ex. lung collapse or atelectasis

Keywords: endobronchial ultrasound guide sheath peripheral pulmonary lesions
effect of intrauterine injection of hcg on pregnancy outcome in repeated implantation failure patients

Conditions: Infertility

Summary: repeated implantation failure（rif） is a insurmountable bottleneck in assisted reproductive technology, many studies have considered that the cause of two-thirds of implant failure is the decreased endometrial receptivity. human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) is an early pre-plant signal molecule secreted by the embryo, it can promote endometrial proliferation, increase blood flow and promote embryonic adhesion and inhibit self-regulate apoptosis of trophoblast cells. previous studies showed that: intrauterine injection of hcg before embryo transfer can improve clinical outcomes in ivf/intracytoplasmic sperm injection(icsi). but some studies found that the intrauterine injection of hcg can not significantly improve the success rate of blastocyst transfer, and the reason may be the intrauterine injection of hcg time is too late to significantly increase the implantation rate. would ahead of intrauterine injection of hcg be more effective? thus, the patients of repeated implantation frozen embryo cycle according to the random principle accepted two kinds of transplants ways: ①intrauterine injection of hcg before blastocyst transfer; ②blastocyst transfer. try to understand whether intrauterine injection of hcg can significantly improve the clinical pregnancy rate of blastocyst transfer in repeated implantation failure patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women with unexplained rif(two to four previous embryo transfers without achieving pregnancy); * age\<36 years; * frozen embryo transfer cycles exclusion criteria: * polycystic ovary syndrome * uterine abnormalities (double uterus, bicornuate uterus, unicornuate uterus and uterine mediastinum) * intrauterine adhesions * endometriosis * adenomyosis * hydrosalpinx * uterine fibroids (submucosal fibroids, non-mucosal fibroids \> 4 cm and / or endometrial pressure) * thydroid dysfunction and hyperprolactinemia
perioperative database of chinese elderly patients for postoperative acute kidney injury

Conditions: Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury

Summary: to develop and externally validate a risk prediction model for postoperative acute kidney injury (po-aki) in elderly patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery, addressing the current gap in predictive tools for this vulnerable population. the endpoint was the occurrence of po-aki within seven days following surgery. diagnoses were based on the kidney disease: improving global outcomes (kdigo) criterion. potential po-aki-related perioperative data were retrieved and extracted from electronic medical record for model derivation and validation. clinicians may consider implementing this externally validated risk prediction model to stratify elderly patients' po-aki risks in the early postoperative phases of noncardiac surgery in elderly patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elderly patients (aged ≥ 65 years) undergoing non-cardiac surgeries exclusion criteria: * (1) patients who underwent endoscopic or transplant procedures; * (2) patients who underwent surgeries lasting longer than 10 hours; * (3) patients who had severe preoperative kidney dysfunction, defined as preoperative scr levels ≥ 353.6 μmol/l, or a baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) \< 15 ml/min per 1.73 m2; * (4) patients without scr values at baseline or during follow-up to detect po-aki occurrences.
predicting and monitoring spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients using the mansoura scoring system

Conditions: Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

Summary: the aim of this prospective study was to examine predictors of sbp in order to develop a noninvasive method to identify or exclude an episode of sbp, for starting early treatment with antibiotics, so decrease morbidity and mortality in these patients.

spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp) is a bacterial infection of ascitic fluid without any intra-abdominal, surgically treatable cause. sbp is the most common bacterial infection in patients with cirrhosis, with a mortality rate exceeding 90% in untreated cases. however, inpatient mortality has been reduced to about 20% with early diagnosis and effective treatment. delayed diagnosis increases in-hospital mortality; with each hour of delay in performing paracentesis for sbp diagnosis, mortality increases by approximately 3.3%. a study conducted in the united states reported that paracentesis was performed within the first 24 hours of admission in only 66% of cirrhotic patients with ascites. another study noted that routine paracentesis cannot be performed in all patients with liver cirrhosis. therefore, delaying diagnosis increases mortality, and it is necessary to find a non-invasive and accurate method for predicting sbp. important risk factors for the development of sbp in cirrhotic patients include a history of sbp, variceal hemorrhage, and the use of proton pump inhibitors several laboratory parameters have been evaluated as early predictors of sbp, including c-reactive protein (crp), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (nlr), mean platelet volume (mpv), platelet count, and serum creatinine level. however, the data remain inconsistent. recently, the mansoura scoring system was developed at mansoura university and retrospectively applied to cirrhotic patients with ascites for early sbp diagnosis without waiting for peritoneal fluid analysis. the mansoura score includes four components: age, mpv, and nlr (1 point each), and crp (2 points), yielding a total score of 0 to 5. sbp is diagnosed when the score is equal to or greater than 4.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients with cirrhosis presence of ascites age \> 18 years provided informed consent exclusion criteria: use of antibiotics within the previous two weeks prophylactic treatment for sbp before admission ascites not related to portal hypertension (e.g., peritoneal tuberculosis, peritoneal carcinomatosis, congestive heart failure, renal disease, pancreatitis, or hemorrhagic ascites) secondary peritonitis infections other than sbp (e.g., pneumonia, urinary tract infection, skin infection) presence of malignancy hematologic diseases use of antiplatelet drugs or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) receipt of platelet or blood transfusion prior to admission diseases associated with elevated mpv (e.g., diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, hyperthyroidism, immune thrombocytopenia, myeloproliferative disease)
prevention of coronary microvascular dysfunction post-pci by intracoronary nicardipine

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: this is a single-center double blind, placebo controlled study of patients undergoing a cardiac catheterization where the need for a percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) is anticipated or will be determined during the early diagnostic phase. the study will assess the use of intracoronary nicardipine vs. sterile saline injection in reducing the index measurement of microcirculatory resistance (imr). fifty consecutive patients presenting to the thomas jefferson university (tjuh) cardiac catheterization lab will be randomized in a 1:1 fashion to receive either intracoronary nicardipine or sterile saline injection prior to pci. imr values will be assessed pre and post procedure. data on clinical outcomes and adverse events will be collected by phone at 30 days and 1 year following the procedure.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * consenting adults age \> 18 years * patients with stable coronary disease, stable angina, and/or objective evidence of myocardial ischemia or * target vessel lesion with \> 50% stenosis treated by pci exclusion criteria: * patients presenting with st elevation myocardial infarction * complete total occlusion of the vessel * unprotected left main disease * presentation with acute coronary syndrome and actively rising troponin * contraindication to adenosine (advanced heart blocks, bronchospasm, hsn to the drug) * known hypersensitivity to nicardipine * severe aortic stenosis * left ventricular dysfunction with ejection fraction less than 30% * hemodynamically unstable defined as systolic blood pressure \< 90 mmhg and not responding to iv fluids * significant chronic renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate \[gfr\] \<30) * unwilling or unable to provide informed consent

Keywords: nicardipine percutaneous coronary intervention coronary artery disease
a novel method to improve acne outcomes

Conditions: Acne Vulgaris

Summary: this is an investigator-blinded, prospective study of 20 subjects aged 13 through 18 with mild to moderate acne. study subjects will be randomized to an internet survey group, in which an email link for a survey ascertaining the status of the subject's acne is sent weekly, or to a control group. all study subjects will use benzoyl peroxide 5% gel, and adherence and clinical improvement will be monitored over 12 weeks. the investigators hypothesis is that subjects in the internet survey group will have improved adherence to the study medication and clinical outcomes, because the weekly survey will remind subjects to use their medication.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female 13 to 18 years of age with a diagnosis of mild to moderate acne vulgaris by a dermatologist. * written consent of participation must be given by parent or guardian and child. exclusion criteria: * age less than 13 or greater than 18 years of age. * known allergy or sensitivity to topical benzoyl peroxide gel in the subject. * inability to complete all study-related visits. * introduction of any other prescription medication, topical or systemic, for acne vulgaris while participating in the study. * subjects may not use topical retinoids or other benzoyl peroxide products, including proactiv® or topical prescription medications while enrolled in the study. * women that are actively trying to become pregnant or wish to become pregnant during the time frame the study is to take place will be excluded. * subjects will be carefully selected for this study and only those deemed appropriate for treatment with benzoyl peroxide will be placed on this medication.

Keywords: acne acne vulgaris adherence compliance mems benzoyl peroxide
prospective & retrospective data collection of breast cancer cases from 2000 to present

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: prospective \& retrospective data collection of breast cancer cases from 2000 to present


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with breast cancer
evaluation of the stability of osseointegrated implant in amputees

Conditions: Prosthesis Migration; Amputation

Summary: the study concerns the technique of osseointegration that consists of inserting a titanium pin into the bone of the amputated limb. a removable external prosthesis will then be connected to the implant section that protrudes from the soft parts. the benefits of using an osseointegrated prosthesis are the improved sensory feedback (osseoperception) and absence of the socket. this leads to better anchoring of the prosthesis to the abutment, greater control of the prosthesis and the absence of heat, pain, and pressure sores. the osseointegrated prosthesis does not reduce the mobility of the limb and promotes good growth of bone and muscle mass. the aim of this study is to evaluate the stability of the osseointegrated implant in trans-femoral and trans-humeral amputees. the main outcome: quantitative evaluation (rotations, translation and mtpm) of the stability of the implant bone interface by roentgen stereo-photogrammetric analysis (rsa) and follow-up. the secondary outcome: evaluation of the quality of life improvement in patients through clinical score and satisfaction survey.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi\<35 kg/m2 * problem in using socket exclusion criteria: * diabetes; * peripheral vascular diseases; * psychiatric problems; * pregnancy; * rheumatoid arthritis; * neurovascular diseases; * neurological deficits; * amputation of the contralateral limb; * infections in progress; * immunosuppression;

Keywords: osseointegration implant migration amputee
brain volumes of very low birth weight infants measured by cranial ultrasonography

Conditions: Infant, Premature

Summary: neonatal cranial ultrasound (us) remains the method of choice to detect brain injury in high risk preterm infants on neonatal intensive care units (nicu). it is a non-invasive, inexpensive bedside tool and examinations can be repeated as often as necessary without major disturbance of vulnerable infants. the anterior and posterior fontanelles from excellent acoustic windows to examine the deep midline and periventricular regions of the brain.some data demonstrated that cerebral palsy can be accurately predicted with us. however, cranial us is not very suitable for investigating cortical regions or structures in the posterior fossa. there is limited data for very preterm infants.the investigators aimed to measure ventricular index, cranial height, biparietal diameter and calculate brain volume in a huge number of infants.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * both gender * \<1500 gr \<32 week- * 1-28 days neonates exclusion criteria: * anomalies and no viability
single-use versus reusable gastroscopes in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Conditions: Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Summary: controlled-randomized trial evaluating single-use versus reusable gastroscopes in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common medical emergency. according to guidelines, endoscopic evaluation should be performed within 24 hours. with an overall high incidence and an overall high number of diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic procedures, the introduction of new endoscopic concepts may have a profound impact on outcomes as well as cost-effectiveness in upper gastrointestinal bleeding. for this purpose, the use of single-use gastroscopes represents an interesting possibility. hygiene issues in the emergency situation are also relevant. the previous feasibility study one-scope i demonstrated that the diagnosis as well as the therapy of upper gastrointestinal bleeding is possible with single-use gastroscopes. in this follow-up study, the investigators compare the use of single-use versus reusable gastroscopes in participants with suspected upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a randomized controlled trial.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * glasgow-blatchford score (gbs) \>2 * clinical signs of upper bleeding exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * unable to provide consent

Keywords: endoscopy emergency
ginger and gut microbiome (ginger)

Conditions: Colorectal Adenoma

Summary: estimate the impact of a 6-week daily intake of 2000 mg of ginger extract on the composition of the gut microbiome using a randomized placebo-controlled double-blinded design, i.e. examine the change of microbiome over time within and between the subjects..

this is a pilot trial to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a large randomized trial and estimate the effects of ginger extract on the gut microbiome. the pilot study will recruit from multiple sites 95-100 subjects aged 50-75 years old who were diagnosed with colorectal adenoma within the last five years. there will be 47-50 subjects in the treatment group and 47-50 in the placebo group. the subjects will be randomized to receive either 2000 mg of ginger extract per day (1000 mg twice a day) or matching placebo. subjects will provide three stool specimens for analysis of the intestinal microbiome over a 12-week period at the following intervals: week 0 (day 1), week 6, and week 12. although the gut microbiome is stable within a period of 1-2 months, a control arm will be included to account for potential dietary and other changes that may affect the gut microbiome. gut microbiome composition - the presence, abundance, and diversity of bacterial taxa - will be derived by sequencing microbial 16s ribosomal rna genes. primary aims: aim 1 is to estimate the impact of a 6-week daily intake of 2000 mg of ginger extract on the composition of the gut microbiome using a randomized placebo-controlled double-blinded design, i.e. examine the change of microbiome over time within and between the subjects. aim 2 will examine the correlation between the ginger-related changes in microbiome profile with the levels of circulating biomarkers: urinary prostaglandin e (pge) metabolites. hypothesis: in the ginger versus placebo arm, gut microbiome will shift towards a lower proportion of pro-inflammatory, bacteria associated with colorectal cancer (crc) and higher proportion of anti-inflammatory, crc-protective bacteria. secondary aim: 1. at the end of the study, we expect to show that ginger decreases the relative abundance of pro-inflammatory, crc-predisposing taxa and increases the abundance of anti-inflammatory, crc-protective taxa, i.e., demonstrate that ginger boosts changes in gut microbiome that are protective against crc, as well as assess ginger-induced changes in immune response. 2. the similarities of bacterial profiles will be compared between three time points baseline and 6 weeks and 12 weeks to estimate whether 6-week is a sufficient time for washout.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * colorectal adenoma diagnosis exclusion criteria: * allergy or sensitivity to ginger * active cancer * unstable medical condition * unstable diet or weight

Keywords: gingerol microbiome gut ginger
metformin and folate supplementation in polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) patients

Conditions: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Anovulation

Summary: context: metformin administration in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) improves hormonal and metabolic patterns with beneficial effects in terms of reproductive outcomes and intermediate cardiovascular disease risk factors. furthermore, reduced folate and vitamin b12, and increased homocysteine (hcy) levels have been found in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients treated with metformin. objective: to evaluate if metformin administration exerts any effects on hcy levels, and if folate supplementation may improve endothelial structure and function in pcos patients.

fifty patients affected by pcos without additional metabolic or cardiovascular diseases grouped in two age- and body mass index-matched treatment arms. interventions: a six-month course of metformin (1700 mg daily) plus folic acid (400 microgram daily) (experimental group, n=25) or placebo (control group, n=25) supplementation. in each patient were evaluated: complete hormonal and metabolic patterns, serum hcy, folate, vitamin b12, and endothelin-1 (et-1) concentrations, brachial artery diameter at baseline (bad-b) and after reactive hyperemia (bad-rh), flow-mediated dilation (fmd), and intima-media thickness (imt) on both common carotid arteries.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pcos exclusion criteria: * age \ 35 years * bmi \>35 kg/m2 * neoplastic, metabolic, hepatic, renal, and cardiovascular disorders * current or previous use of oral contraceptives, glucocorticoids, antiandrogens, ovulation induction agents, antidiabetic and anti-obesity drugs or other hormonal drugs.