effects of multi sensory integration on visual impaired children

Conditions: Visual Impairment

Summary: visual impairment is use to describe any kind of vision loss, whether it's someone who cannot see at all or someone who has partial vision loss. visual impairment is classified on the bases of visual acuity like mild, moderate, severe, profound, near total visual impairment, no light perception (nlp). multisensory integration refers to a broad class of computations involving multiple sensory modalities in which information is integrated to produce an enhanced (or degraded) response.a randomized control trail will be conducted at rising sun institute for disable children. total sample size will be of 40 participants. after meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria participants will be divided into two groups .group a control group will receive conventional therapy program. place toys/objects inside and encourage the student to reach in and pull them out as well as put them back in. give the student objects that can be put together and pulled apart. group b will be treated with standard activity based therapy in which place different( nuts, screws, bullets, coins, paper clips, coloring ,scissor cutting with different shapes, simulated feeding (by collecting beans with a spoon and transferring them into a container),transfer light and heavy weight objects into empty box. nine whole peg tests are used to measure fine dexterity in visual impaired children. jebsen taylor hand function test for quantify motor hand function test. total time for treatment per session will 45 minutes and duration of treatment will be 12 weeks, four days a week.box and block test used to improve manual hand dexterity. assessment will be taken pre treatment, mid treatment at 4th week and 8th week and post treatment after 12th week. data will be analyzed by spss

group(a)will be treated with traditional therapy in which place toys/objects inside and encourage the student to reach in and pull them out as well as put them back in. give the student objects that can be put together and pulled apart. encourage the students to use two hands in an organized manner to manipulate objects (e.g., grasp/release, twist/turn, rotate and examine, open/close, stack, nest).5 days a week for an hour/daily .group(b)will be treated with activity based training by place different( nuts, screws, bullets, coins, paper clips, coloring ,scissor cutting with different shapes , simulated feeding (by collecting beans with a spoon and transferring them into a container),transfer light and heavy weight objects into empty box. 5 days in a week.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female age from( 05 -12year) * children from a special education school * visual acuity is 20/200 and check by hytos visual function test(9). * all participants are label with legally blind by an ophthalmologist. * experienced physician screened the all participants and gave the good remark for the participation in training program. exclusion criteria: * other history of neurological or developmental disorders * medical conditions that may affect motor development * inability to follow instructions or participate in study tasks * incomplete data or missing information * factors that could affect the validity or generalizability of the study findings illness or infection.

Keywords: visual impairment multi sensory integration