Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
trace element repletion following severe burn injury

Conditions: Critical Illness; Nutritional Deficiency; Trace Element Deficiency; Burn Injury

Summary: major burn patients are characterized by large exudative losses of cu, se and zn. trace element (te) repletion has been shown to improve clinical outcome. the study aimed to check if our repletion protocols were achieving normalization of te plasma concentrations of major burn patients and if the necessity for continuous renal replacement therapy (crrt) might increase the needs.

retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data in burn patients requiring intensive care (icu) between 1999 and 2015. the cohort was divided into 4 groups according to the protocol changes. period 1 (p1): 1999-2000, p2: 2001-2005, p3: 2006-2010, p4: 2011-2015. changes consisted mainly in increasing te repletion doses and duration. demographic data, daily te intakes and weekly plasma concentrations were retrieved for the first 21 icu-days.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * burn injury involving ≥20% body surface (tbsa) (i.e. the threshold for intravenous te repletion prescription) * at least one te plasma concentration during the icu stay exclusion criteria: * comfort care * admission \>24h after burn injury

Keywords: copper selenium zinc continuous renal replacement therapy
multifactorial evaluation of covid-19 respiratory reliquates

Conditions: COVID-19 Respiratory Infection

Summary: the present study aims to evaluate how commonly diagnostic tools employed in the preoperative evaluation of respiratory function in thoracic surgery can identify pathological alteration due to a previous sars-cov-2 infection. in particular, the investigators will gather information concerning imaging (lung ct and lung ultrasound), arterial blood gas analysis, and pulmonary function tests.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * previous sars-cov2 infection * awaiting lung resection surgery exclusion criteria: * less than 18 years of age * unable to consent to enroll * refuse to enroll
a study of survival and outcome after stroke

Conditions: Ischemic Stroke

Summary: the objective of this study is to determine the natural history of acute ischemic stroke from large vessel thromboembolism in the brain. the target population is a stroke cohort with a known infarct volume who presents within 8 hours from symptom onset with a nih stroke scale (nihss) score \>10 who are eligible for mechanical thrombectomy but without receiving the treatment. functional outcome as defined by the modified rankin scale (mrs) of all enrolled patients will be followed for 90 days after the index event.

the objective of this observational study is to determine the natural history of acute ischemic stroke from large vessel thromboembolism in the brain. the target population is a stroke cohort with a known infarct volume who presents within 8 hours from symptom onset with a nih stroke scale (nihss) score \>10. functional outcome as defined by the modified rankin scale (mrs) of all enrolled patients will be followed for 90 days after the index event. this is a prospective, single arm, multi-center trial. up to 200 patients at up to 30 centers will be enrolled in the study. it is anticipated that up to 150 evaluable patients will be needed for analysis. the sample size estimate is based on the primary study functional outcome at 90 days as defined by a mrs of 0-2. assuming that this observational study will have as outcome of 25% (37/150) mrs 0-2 at day 90, the expected two-sided exact binomial confidence interval is (18%, 32%). this sample size is adequate to estimate the mrs outcome of 0-2 at day 90 for the natural history of acute ischemic stroke.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * from 18 to 85 years of age * evidence of proximal anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (timi 0-1/tici 0-1)from ct angiography. target vessel occlusion may include the supra-clinoid segment of the ica through the m1 segment of the mca. * presented with symptoms consistent with acute ischemic stroke within 8 hours of symptom onset. patients who presented within 3 hours must be ineligible or refractory to iv rtpa therapy. * at time of enrollment, neurological deficit resulting in an nih stroke scale (nihss) score \> 10 * known core infarct volume assessed by ctp, cta or dwi scans exclusion criteria: * history of stroke in the past 3 months. * pre-existing neurological or psychiatric disease that could confound the study results such as a pre-stroke mrs score \>1 * known severe allergy to contrast media * uncontrolled hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure \>185 mmhg or diastolic blood pressure \>110 mmhg) * ct evidence of the following conditions before enrollment: * significant mass effect with midline shift * evidence of intracranial hemorrhage * treated with endovascular therapy for acute stroke * life expectancy was thought to be less than 90 days prior to stroke due to non-stroke illness * participation in another clinical investigation that could confound the evaluation of the study
stroke-induced immunodepression in neurorehabilitation

Conditions: Stroke; Lymphopenia; Immunosuppression

Summary: the close interconnection between nervous system and the immune system is well known. brain injuries lead to homeostasis disruption. on the one hand they result in increased brain inflammation contributing to tissue repair, at the expense of a possible extension of tissue damage. on the other hand, they lead to systemic down-regulation of innate and adaptive immunity, determining higher vulnerability to infections, responsible of death and comorbidities in the acute and subacute setting. aim of the study was to evaluate the role of immunosuppression in the neurorehabilitation pathway in patients with stroke.

the perfect balance between nervous and immune system could be severely impaired after brain injuries, such as strokes. in the acute phase, inflammatory mediators are responsible of central nervous system inflammation, associated to tissue repair at the expense of possible secondary brain injury or damage expansions. in the mean time, activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the autonomic nervous system determine downregulation of innate and adaptive immunity, with decreased circulating t cell count and reduced lymphocytic response. the degree of these changes is linked to the severity of brain damage and inevitably lead to higher vulnerability to infections, representing a negative prognostic factor in the acute phase. association between immunosuppression and functional outcome in the neurorehabilitation setting are missing. aim of this study was to evaluate the role of immunosuppression in the neurorehabilitation journey in patients with stroke. we analyzed the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, a useful tool to investigate alterations in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. we correlated it to clinical and neurorehabilitation scales, investigating disability, functional status, as well as gait analysis and occurrence of infectious complications. all outcomes were measured on admission in neurorehabilitation setting and at hospital discharge.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of first episode of ischemic stroke or primary spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (both confirmed by proper neuroimaging) * admission to the neurorehabilitation ward within 30 days from the index event exclusion criteria: * medical history of immunodeficiency or immunoproliferative disease * immunosuppressive or immunomodulating therapy in the year before the index event * systemic steroids in the six months before the index event * glasgow coma scale \< 8 at hospital admission * other diagnosis of neurological diseases * missing clinical/demographic data

Keywords: ischemic stroke intracerebral hemorrage neurological rehabilitation neurorehabilitation cerebrovascular disorders immunodepression
the use of anabolic steroids to improve function after spinal cord injury

Conditions: Spinal Cord Injury

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of oxandrolone on the function and quality of life of patients with chronic spinal cord injury.

spinal cord injury results in significant loss of muscle mass. oxandrolone, a derivative of testosterone, is an anabolic steroid shown to promote gain in body weight and muscle mass after trauma, severe illness, surgery, burns, and stress. to date there are no studies that have evaluated the effect of oxandrolone in persons with chronic spinal cord injury. this study will assess the effect of oxandrolone on strength, metabolic rate, lean body mass, pulmonary function, and ambulation in persons with chronic sci. this study has the potential to yield valuable information concerning the use of oxandrolone after sci.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: part-a * diagnosed with a traumatic injury to spinal cord * motor complete injury at level of c5 to t12 * date of injury at least one year prior to enrollment * sufficient upper body strength to participate in a 12-week resistance training program with accommodation for disability in hand strength and/or grasping * lean body mass in lower extremities less than 90% of normal as determined by dexa scan * willingness to take study medication for 12 weeks twice a day by mouth part-b: * diagnosed with a traumatic injury to the spinal cord * motor incomplete injury at any level * date of injury at least one year prior to enrollment * lean body mass in lower extremities less than 90% of normal as determined by dexa scan * ability to stand independently with or without the aid of assistive device(s) * willingness to take study medication for 12 weeks twice a day by mouth exclusion criteria: active medical problems including: * uncontrolled diabetes * cardiovascular disease * cancer * liver disease * hypocalcaemia * nephritic syndrome * hiv/aids * pressure ulcers of grade 3 or 4 * shoulder pathology * pregnancy

Keywords: oxandrolone oxandrin lean body mass functional recovery resistance training
a study of chemo +/- low-dose radiation as induction therapy in scchn

Conditions: Head and Neck Cancer; Larynx

Summary: the primary hypothesis of this study is that hyper-radiosensitivity (hrs) seen at extremely low doses of radiation can be exploited to enhance the effect of chemotherapy, and that this effect differs from the cellular effect of higher, standard fractions of radiation used in traditional radiation treatment paradigms.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically or cytologically confirmed locally advanced head and neck cancer of squamous type stage iii, iva and iv b and select stage ii tumors of the bot who are appropriate for potentially curative therapy with chemoradiotherapy. * measurable disease. * ecog performance status of 0, 1 or 2 * no prior chemotherapy for the current locally advanced scchn. * age ≥18 years. * life expectancy of greater than 3 months * normal organ and marrow function measured within 14 days of registration as defined below: * absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,000/mcl * platelets ≥ 100,000/mcl * total bilirubin \< institutional upper limit of normal * ast(sgot ≤ 2.5 × institutional upper limit of normal * alkaline phosphatase ≤ 2.5 × institutional upper limit of normal * creatinine within normal institutional limits * or o creatinine clearance ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 for patients with creatinine levels above institutional normal. * women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry, throughout the duration of active treatment and for 4 months after completion of chemotherapy and radiation. men treated or enrolled on this protocol must also agree to use adequate contraception prior to the study, for the duration of active study treatment, and for 4 months after completion of chemotherapy and radiation (both induction and definitive) administration. * ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document. exclusion criteria: * prior chemotherapy for scchn * patients who are receiving any other investigational agents. * patients with known brain metastases * history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to carboplatin or docetaxel. * uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements. * pregnant women * hiv-positive patients on combination antiretroviral therapy * other prior malignancy except adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in situ cervical cancer, adequately treated previous stage i or ii cancer from which the patient is currently in complete remission or other cancer from which the patient has been disease-free for 3 years. * patients with nasopharynx or salivary gland primary site * patients with distant metastatic disease (m1c) * patients with grade ii or greater peripheral neuropathy

Keywords: cancer low dose radiation
botulinum toxin injection into epicardial fat pads to prevent atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: the aim of this prospective randomized double-blind study was to compare the efficacy of botulinum toxin injection in epicardial fat pads for preventing recurrences (in early postoperative period) of atrial tachyarrhythmia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * indication for cardiac surgery (e.g. coronary artery bypass grafting, valve repair/replacement) according to the american college of cardiology/american heart association (acc/aha) guidelines for cardiac surgery key exclusion criteria: * planned maze procedure or pulmonary vein isolation

Keywords: atrial fibrillation botulinum toxin
individualized antithrombotic therapy for patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease

Conditions: Cerebrovascular Disease

Summary: to investigate the therapeutic effect of individualized treatment of antiplatelet in secondary prevention of ischemic stroke.

ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. antiplatelet treatment is one of treatment strategies in secondary stroke prevention for patients with non-cardioemoblism etiology. however, a concerning issue is that wide interindividual variability in p2y12 antagonist, especially clopidogrel. the rate on-treatment high platelet reactivity (hpr) can be as high as in one-third of patients with standard dose of clopidogrel( i.e. 75mg), and hpr has been noted in those who received other p2y12 antagonists, such as ticagrelor and prasugrel. in the present study, we aimed to investigate the safety and potential therapeutic effect of individualized treatment of antiplatelet in secondary prevention in a cohort of patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic strokes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 14 years of age or older * no gender aspirin or clopidogrel for ischemic cerebrovascular disease primary or secondary prevention of ischemic stroke patients * the researcher (or principal) signs the informed consent form exclusion criteria: * significant head trauma or stroke in the last 3 months * 3 months to accept intracranial, spinal surgery or other parts of large surgery * in the last week there is an incurable part of the artery puncture * acute bleeding constitution, including platelet count \<100 × 109 / l or other conditions * within the last 48h heparin treatment, aptt higher than the upper limit of normal range * oral anticoagulant: inr\> 1.7 or pt\> 15s * the presence of intracranial tumors, aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations * patients with any of the following cardioembolic-related illnesses are identified: rheumatic mitral or aortic stenosis, prosthetic heart valves, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, sick sinus syndrome, left atrial myxoma, open foramen ovale, left ventricular mural thrombus or valvular vegetation, congestive heart failure, bacterial endocarditis, or any other cardiovascular disease not suitable for enrollment; (as determined by the investigator) * severe liver and kidney dysfunction * life expectancy is less than 1 year * pregnant or lactating women * participating in other clinical studies, or have participated in other clinical studies within the 3 months before enrolling, or have already participated in this research * allergic or intolerant to aspirin or clopidogrel * there are stomach lesions, such as gastritis, gastric ulcer and so on * do not want to follow-up or poor treatment compliance

Keywords: antithrombotic therapy
effects of n-acetylcysteine on muscle fatigue in hemodialysis

Conditions: End-Stage Renal Disease; Dialysis; Hemodialysis

Summary: the purposes of the study are to determine whether oxidative stress causes the muscle of dialysis patients to tire more quickly than muscle of people without kidney disease and to determine whether treatment with n-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant, can improve muscle endurance.

muscle dysfunction is a major problem for patients with end-stage renal disease (esrd). specifically, these patients experience approximately three-fold greater muscle fatigue of the lower extremities during intermittent submaximal contractions than healthy control subjects. thus, a treatment that could ameliorate muscle fatigue in this population has the potential to increase endurance during activities of daily living and improve quality of life. dialysis patients have been shown to have high levels of various markers of oxidative stress, and oxidative stress has been associated with excessive muscle fatigue in other patient populations, but this link has not been established in the esrd population. comparisons: the amount of muscle fatigue during intermittent submaximal quadriceps exercise between dialysis patients and controls will be compared. in addition, the degree of exercise-induced increase in markers of oxidative stress in muscle and in plasma will be compared between dialysis patients and controls and between dialysis patients who have received n-acetylcysteine for 6 days and those who have received placebo capsules.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age greater than 18 years * undergoing hemodialysis for 3 months or more or healthy control without kidney disease exclusion criteria: * inability to give informed consent * diagnosis of diabetes mellitus * musculoskeletal contraindication to exercise * infection requiring intravenous antibiotics within 2 months * hospitalization within 2 months * ingestion of antioxidant supplements within one month * requirement for systemic anticoagulation * estimated gfr \<60 ml/min/1.73 m2 for healthy controls

Keywords: n-acetylcysteine oxidative stress muscle fatigue end-stage renal disease hemodialysis
regression of liver fibrosis after daclatasvir and asunaprevir treatment

Conditions: Chronic Hepatitis C

Summary: a study on regression of liver fibrosis assessed by transient elastography after daclatasvir and asunaprevir combined treatment in advanced fibrotic/cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis c genotype 1b infection

the measurement of liver stiffness by transient elastography (te) has been shown to correlate with the hepatic fibrosis stage and to have considerable accuracy for the diagnosis of cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis c. previous studied reported that liver stiffness is significantly reduced in svr patients with pegylated interferon (ifn) and ribavirin treatment. once a patient achieve sustained virological response (svr), and resultingly lower liver stiffness score than baseline value, it is believed that he will have a better long-term outcome due to the improvement of liver fibrosis. daclatasvir(dcv) and asunaprevir(asv) combined treatment showed a greater svr rate in chc compared to ifn based therapy. the investigators hypothesize that dcv and asv combined treatment may achieve the improvement of liver stiffness measured by te and a more favorable clinical outcomes in patients with advanced liver fibrosis. the investigators will also compare the change of fibrosis stage assessed by te between this study subjects and those treated with other daa agents during same observational period.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * chronically infected with hepatitis c virus genotype 1b * hcv rna ≥ 10\^4 iu/ml (10,000 iu/ml) * chronic hepatitis c with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis (defined as ≥f3, ≥8 kilopascals) * treatment-naïve or those who previously failed to treatment with peg-interferon alfa and ribavirin * women of childbearing potential (wocbp) and men, who use effective methods of birth control exclusion criteria: * patients with baseline key ns5a ravs (y93 and/or l31) * estimated gfr \< 30ml/min without hemodialysis * alanine aminotransferase (alt) \> 100 iu/l * coinfection with other hepatitis virus or human immunodeficiency virus * a daily alcohol intake \>30 g * decompensated liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma, liver or any other organ transplantation

Keywords: chronic hepatitis c daclatasvir asunaprevir fibrosis transient elastography
inspiratory muscle training in amateur athletes

Conditions: Amateur Athletes

Summary: the main objective of the study is to study the changes in fev1 with the introduction of the specific inspiratory muscle training programme in the training programme of the popular athletes included. in addition, the secondary aims are to observe the differences in the respiratory capacities of the patients, in the vital signs, vo2 max, respiratory frequency and cardiac variability, as well as to assess the running performance of the participants. participants will be assigned to one of 2 study groups: imt group (n=20) or not-imt group (n=20) the imt group will perform inspiratory muscle training in conjunction with the conventional marathon training plan. the not-imt group will follow only the conventional marathon training plan. the study will be conducted over a 12 week period.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * individuals willing to follow the 16-week running training plan * possibility of combining aerobic training with inspiratory muscle training * previous half marathon runner exclusion criteria: * - exclusive or professional dedication to athletics * previous or current use of respiratory muscle training. * inadequate or health risk physical condition * significant chronic cardiorespiratory diagnoses (e.g. moderate-severe copd). * neurological, muscular or neuromuscular problems that interfere with the ability to participate in tests and training protocols. * discontinuity in the performance of training. * a terminal illness or any other major medical contraindication * lack of informed consent

Keywords: inspiratory muscle training respiratory function performance exercise
genetic epidemiology of adult onset glioma

Conditions: Adult-Onset Glioma

Summary: to establish a clinic based case control study for examination of potential risk factors for primary adult brain tumors.

genetic epidemiology of adult glioma to establish potential risk factors for primary adult brain tumors.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * primary glioma of any stage * diagnosed within 4 months

Keywords: glioma