Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
preputial graft versus preputial flap in treatment of proximal hypospadias with marked ventral curvature (a comparative study)

Conditions: Hypospadias, Penoscrotal

Summary: hypospadias is a male congenital anomaly characterized by the abnormally located urethral meatus being displaced along the ventral side of the penis along a line from the tip of glans penis to the perineum. hypospadias is one of the most common congenital malformations of the male genitourinary system, with a reported global incidence of 0.6-34.2 per 10,000 live births. there is more than one classification for hypospadias. most commonly, hypospadias is classified into proximal \& distal hypospadias which mainly affects the decision for the corrective procedure. correction of proximal hypospadias remains a surgical challenge, which is mainly due to the pathological features of proximal hypospadias including a more proximal meatus, severe ventral chordee, and the need to transect the urethral plate during the operation. the use of a 2-stage repair was found to achieve more satisfactory functional and cosmetic outcomes for proximal hypospadias with severe ventral chordee . bracka repair, first described in 1995 by bracka, is a 2-stage repair which uses grafts. this procedure has been improved over time, and recently it has been associated with satisfactory outcomes in proximal hypospadias with severe ventral curvature. staged transverse preputial island flap urethroplasty (stpif), first reported by chen et al., is another 2-stage repair using flaps based on the traditional transverse preputial island flap (tpif). stpif has been shown to reduce the difficulty of surgery and the complication rate in management of proximal hypospadias. thus, both bracka repair and stpif are valuable 2-stage methods, and both have achieved promising results. however, there are no available clear comparative data for determination which method has a better outcome and less complications in treating proximal hypospadias. this study compares bracka's procedure using preputial grafts and stpif (staged preutial island flap) procedure using preputial flaps in surgical correction of proximal hypospadias with marked ventral curvtaure.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients with proximal hypospadias with marked ventral curvature (\>30 degrees) who presented to the outpatient clinic of department of pediatric surgery in sohag university hospital. exclusion criteria: * patients with insufficient follow up data or those who are non-compliant on follow up. * previously circumcised patients. * patients with complex urogenital malformations or dsd. * patients with ventral curvature less than 30 degrees. * patients with crippled hypospadias.
temperature changes during induction of general anesthesia in pediatric patients

Conditions: Hypothermia

Summary: we aim that uncovering patients during induction of general anesthesia does not decrease core body temperature in pediatric patients.

some anesthesiologists cover the pediatric patient with a blanket during the induction of general anesthesia, while others do not. complaints have been raised by pediatric surgeons that if a pediatric patient is not covered during induction of general anesthesia, the child's core body temperature will be lower than normal following surgery and in the recovery room. children are at risk of significant heat loss in the operating room due to multiple factors, such as, exposure to cold temperatures, decrease in metabolism following induction of general anesthesia, increased surface-area-to-volume ratio, and through considerable respiratory heat loss.1 a decrease in temperature of 0.5ºc to 1.5ºc can occur during induction of general anesthesia in pediatric patients2. the use of heating blankets and warmers may increase temperature or result in a constant temperature on pediatric patients intra-operatively3. we want to investigate the differences in temperature between the two approaches, covering and not covering pediatric patients, during induction of general anesthesia of a urologic procedure with a caudal block and the difference in temperature post-operatively. we hypothesize that the core temperatures of: 1. the covered and warmed group during induction of general anesthesia will be greater by 0.5ºc than the uncovered group during induction of general anesthesia. 2. both groups, covered and uncovered, will be equal during surgery and post-operatively. in other words, due to the active warming procedures during surgery and post-operatively in the picu, core temperatures of the uncovered group will catch up to the covered group.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the ages of the subjects ranging from 6 months to 3 years undergoing surgery for circumcision or hernia repair with caudal block. exclusion criteria: * asa physical status classification greater than 2, unsigned or unattainable written informed consent form, induction of general anesthesia time of greater than 45 minutes, fever, or temperature regulation inability.

Keywords: children core temperature, pediatric surgery, anesthesia induction
clinical pharmacogenomics of antidepressant response

Conditions: Depression

Summary: the purpose of this study is to understand how genetic polymorphisms influence the efficacy and side effect profiles of paroxetine and escitalopram for major depression treatment.

despite remarkable progress in recent decades in modern psychopharmacotherapy, patients vary substantially in their response to antidepressants, ranging from total remission to complete treatment failure. adverse effects, often bothersome and occasionally life-threatening, continue to represent significant challenges to patients and clinicians. mechanisms responsible for such variability remain poorly understood. in addition, although less appreciated, substantial cross-ethnic variations in psychotropic responses often exist. recent developments in the field of pharmacogenetics indicate that genetic factors may account for a large part of these differences in response. specific genetic polymorphisms affecting the function of the serotonin (sert) system has been postulated to predict the effect of antidepressants. similarly, genetic mutations have been shown to exert a predominant influence on the expression of a number of drug-metabolizing enzymes, including most of the cytochrome p-450 enzymes that are responsible for the biotransformation of most antidepressants. polymorphisms of genes controlling these enzymes have been found to be strongly associated with the propensity for various kinds of side effects. capitalizing on these new developments, the proposed study will examine the predictive value of some of these genetic polymorphisms in 400 patients with dsm-iv major depression prospectively treated with escitalopram (ecit) or paroxetine (par). it is postulated that mutations affecting the function of sert will predict responses to ecit, polymorphism of cyp2c19 will be associated with the side effect profiles and pharmacokinetics of ecit.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * self-identified as of taiwanese/chinese ethnic background, and report that both of their parents and all four or three of their grandparents are members of the same ethnic group; * hamd-21 \> 17 plus mde (i.e., current major depressive episode) based on scid; * male or female, who, if of child-bearing potential, agrees to use effective contraception including the regular use of contraceptive pills, intra-uterine devises or abstinence; * age \>= 18; * capable of giving informed consent; exclusion criteria: * diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, schizotypal disorder, psychotic depression, bipolar disorders; * current drug or alcohol abuse or dependence or history of drug or alcohol abuse or dependence within the past 6 months; * unstable medical or neurological conditions that are likely to interfere with the treatment of depression; * history of allergy to antidepressants; * history of seizure disorder; * pregnancy; * active suicidal ideation or other safety issues determined by the clinician to not be suitable for inclusion in the study;

Keywords: major depression disorder antidepressant pharmacogenomics cytochrome p450 serotonin transporter
genome-wide association study to predict treatment response for molecular targeted therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma

Conditions: Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Renal Cell Carcinoma

Summary: all hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma patients who receive molecular targeted therapy will be candidates for the study. no additional treatment or intervention will be conducted except for blood sampling that will be limited to one time only. blood samples (10 cc in volume) will be collected from all study participants once they provided written informed consent form. dna will be extracted from peripheral blood samples using dna isolation kit.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma patients who receive molecular targeted therapy will be candidates for the study
wearable devices system diagnoses mood disorder in children and adolescents

Conditions: Mood Disorders; Diagnosis, Psychiatric

Summary: as a diagnostic test, this study aims to explore the effectiveness of systems based on wearable devices in identifying mood disorders in children and adolescents.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects in the mdd group met the dsm-5 diagnostic criteria for mdd and those in the bd group met the dsm-5 criteria for bd * able to cooperate to complete the study * had signed the informed consent prior to the study exclusion criteria: * with severe physical illness * demonstrated symptoms comorbid with other psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, conduct disorder, personality disorder) and developmental disorders (e.g., autism spectrum disorder, intellectual impairment) * other conditions deemed inappropriate for inclusion in the group
an open-label study of diazoxide choline in patients with genetic obesities

Conditions: SH2B1 Deficiency Obesity; Obesity Associated With PCSK1 Mutation (rs6232 Variant); SIM1 Deficiency Obesity

Summary: this is a phase 2 open-label, one-arm, clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dccr (diazoxide choline) extended-release tablets over 1 year of treatment, in patients with genetic obesities.

patients aged 5 years and older with obesity due to sh2b1 deficiency obesity, obesity associated with pcsk1 mutation (rs6232 variant), or sim1 deficiency obesity will be enrolled into this phase 2 open-label clinical trial at a single clinical center in north america. all eligible participants will receive dccr (diazoxide choline) extended-release tablets for 1 year.

Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * provide voluntary, written informed consent (parent(s) / legal guardian(s) of patient); provide voluntary, written assent (patients, as appropriate) * genetically-confirmed diagnosis of sh2b1 deficiency obesity, obesity associated with pcsk1 mutation (rs6232 variant), or sim1 deficiency obesity key exclusion criteria: * have participated in an interventional clinical study (i.e., investigational drug or device, approved drugs or device evaluated for unapproved use) within 60 days prior to screening * any known disease and/or condition, which would prevent, in the opinion of the investigator, the patient from completing all study visits and assessments required by the protocol * positive urine pregnancy test (in females of child-bearing potential) or females who are pregnant or breastfeeding, and/or plan to become pregnant or to breast-feed during or within 30 days after study participation

Keywords: sh2b1 deficiency obesity obesity associated with pcsk1 mutation (rs6232 variant) sim1 deficiency obesity genetic obesity
the safety and effectiveness of (+)-calanolide a in hiv-infected patients who have never taken anti-hiv drugs

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: the purpose of this study is to see if it is safe and effective to give calanolide a to hiv-infected adults who have not used anti-hiv drugs in the past.

patients are randomized to receive (+)-calanolide a or placebo for 21 days. all patients may elect to receive an open-label, 3-month course of approved retroviral therapy (up to triple-drug therapy) to be selected by, and administered under the care of, the patients' physicians. if the patient has no insurance coverage or does not wish to utilize his/her insurance for anti-hiv medications, sarawak medichem pharmaceuticals will provide these medications at no charge for up to 3 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria patients may be eligible for this study if they: * are at least 18 years old. * agree to use effective methods of birth control during the study. * have a cd4 cell count of 200 cells/mm3 or more. * have hiv levels of 5000 copies/ml or more. exclusion criteria patients will not be eligible for this study if they: * have abnormal blood tests. * have had a reaction to study medication. * have a history of opportunistic (aids-related) infection or cancer. * are being treated for active pulmonary tuberculosis. * have a fever of 39 degrees c or more within 14 days of beginning study treatment. * are unable to take medications by mouth. * have an abnormal chest x-ray or ecg within 30 days of beginning study treatment. * have hepatitis, hemophilia, or other blood disorder. * have significant heart, stomach, intestinal, liver, nerve, or kidney problems. * have a condition which may affect ability to participate in this study, such as drug or alcohol abuse or a serious mental disorder. * have taken anti-hiv drugs in the past. * are taking certain medications. * have had a blood transfusion within the 3 months prior to entering the study. * have had radiation or chemotherapy within 16 days before the screening visit or plan to receive such treatment during the study. * are pregnant or breast-feeding.

Keywords: cd4 lymphocyte count biological markers anti-hiv agents viral load pharmacokinetics calanolide a
collection of plasma samples for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck patients

Conditions: Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Summary: the investigators will collect plasma samples at baseline, during treatment, and at progression.

in this study, the investigators will collect plasma samples at baseline, during treatment, and at progression. this plasma bank will be used to study the potential value of some biomarkers to predict treatment activity or resistance to cetuximab or other targeted agents

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients treated with radiation therapy and cetuximab according to bonner et al * patients treated with cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy according to vermorken et al. * patients treated with a molecular targeted agent as a part of a clinical study exclusion criteria: * patients with another type of head and neck cancer * patients non treated with targeted therapies

Keywords: targeted therapies plasma samples
a health economic trial in adult patients undergoing open colectomy ma402s23b301

Conditions: Bowel Obstruction

Summary: this study is designed to compare the standard of care against exparel (bupivacaine liposome extended-release injectable suspension) to determine if total opioid consumption is reduced when using exparel therefore possibly reducing total hospitalization costs.

this is a phase 4, prospective, sequential, open-label study designed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and health economic benefits of intraoperative local wound infiltration with exparel (bupivacaine liposome extended-release injectable suspension) compared with postsurgical administration of standardized intravenous (iv) morphine sulfate for postsurgical analgesia in adult patients undergoing open colectomy with general anesthesia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female, 18 years of age and older. * patients scheduled to undergo open segmental colectomy with planned primary anastamosis, as defined by cecectomy, right hemicolectomy, resection of transverse colon, left hemicolectomy, or sigmoidectomy. * ability to provide informed consent, adhere to study visit schedule, and complete all study assessments. exclusion criteria: * patients with a history of hypersensitivity or idiosyncratic reactions or intolerance to any local anesthetic, opioid, or propofol. * patients who abuse alcohol or other drug substance. * patients with severe hepatic impairment. * patients currently pregnant or who may become pregnant during the course of the study. * patients with any psychiatric psychological, or other condition that the investigator feels may make the patient an inappropriate candidate for this clinical study. * patients who have participated in a exparel study within the last 30 days. * patients who have received any investigational drug within 30 days prior to study drug administration, or planned administration of another investigational product or procedure during the patient's participation in this study. in addition, the patient will be ineligible if he or she meets the following criteria during surgery: * patients with unplanned multiple segmental resections of large intestine. * patients who have unplanned, temporary or permanent colostomies, ileostomies, or the like placed. * patients who receive intraoperative administration of opioids (other than fentanyl or analogs) or any other analgesic, local anesthetics, or anti-inflammatory agents. * patients who receive entereg(r). * patients who undergo any concurrent surgical procedure during the ileostomy reversal surgery.

Keywords: open colectomy
comparison of a spectral oct/slo with the stratus oct for imaging various retinal pathologies

Conditions: Macular Hole; RPE Detachment; Epiretinal Membrane; Posterior Vitreous Detachment

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the newly released spectral oct/slo (oti, toronto, canada) with the zeiss stratus oct (carl-zeiss meditec, dublin, ca) with regards to the quality of the images obtained as well as the ease of use.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * n/a exclusion criteria: * n/a

Keywords: spectral oct slo retinal imagining
electrical brain stimulation and pharmacological treatments in autism spectrum disorder

Conditions: Autism Spectrum Disorder

Summary: this project aims to comparing the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation with common pharmacological treatments on behavioral problems and cognitive deficits of children with autism spectrum disorder

45 children with autism spectrum disorder are recruited in fatemi hospital at ardabil university of medical sciences. the patients will be randomized into 3 intervention groups of 15 with tdcs stimulation, risperidone, and placebo medication as the interventions. the study will be a randomized double-blind controlled design. the experimenter and the patient are blinded and are not aware of the study. intervention group 1: tdcs intervention protocol consists of 10 sessions of 20 minutes of 1.5 ma electrical stimulation on consecutive days. anodal electrode will be placed over the f3 and cathodal electrode will be placed over the fp2. they will also receive a placebo tablet (galenus pharmaceutical company) in each stimulation session. intervention group 2: participants in this group will receive two daily risperidone 1 mg tablets (sobhan pharmaceutical company) for 10 consecutive days. intervention group 3: participants in this group undergo 10 daily sessions of sham tdcs concurrent with a placebo tablet (galenus pharmaceutical company) for 10 consecutive days.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder by a psychiatrist and behavioral checklist * being 6-16 years old * providing written informed consent signed by parents exclusion criteria: * comorbidity with other neurodevelopmental disorders * comorbidity with other neurological disorders * previous history of neurosurgery * presence of any ferromagnetic metal in the head * implanted medical devices in the head or neck region * history of noncontrolled epilepsy with seizures in the last year
task practice and spinal cord stimulation

Conditions: Spinal Cord Injury Cervical; Spastic

Summary: the goal of this study is to understand the effects of combined task practice with transcutaneous cervical spinal cord stimulation. the study will explore the effect of higher stimulation frequencies on spasticity. transcutaneous stimulation has been shown to improve motor function in some individuals with chronic spinal cord injury. the study intends to explore scientifically the association between higher stimulation frequencies and spasticity/hypertonicity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 22-70 years of age * non-progressive cervical spinal cord injury * minimum 12 months year post-injury. * american spinal injury association (asia) impairment scale (ais) classification b, c, or d. * able to take part in upper extremity therapy procedures. * grassp-prehension score ≥10. * mas score ≥3 but \<6 in at least one arm. * can commit to the time required for the study. * stable medication profile for at least 4 weeks prior to enrollment. * able to reduce baclofen dose to 30 mg or less daily. * capable of providing informed consent. exclusion criteria: * has any unstable or significant medical condition that is likely to interfere with study procedures like severe neuropathic pain, depression, mood disorders, or other cognitive disorders. * has uncontrolled cardiopulmonary disease or cardiac symptoms. * requires ventilator support. * has been diagnosed with autonomic dysreflexia that is severe, unstable, and uncontrolled. * has an autoimmune etiology of spinal cord dysfunction/injury * previously diagnosed as having transverse myelitis * history of additional neurologic diseases such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy or history of seizures. * peripheral neuropathy (diabetic polyneuropathy, entrapment neuropathy, etc.) * uncontrolled spasms, which have been unstable over the past three months prior to enrollment and are not expected to change. * received botulinum toxin injections in their upper extremity, neck, or hand within six months prior to enrollment. * has painful musculoskeletal dysfunction, unhealed fracture, contracture, pressure sore, or urinary tract infection at the time of enrollment. * breakdown in skin area that will come into contact with electrodes. * presence of syringomyelia as determined by an mri. * currently undergoing treatment for cancer or has been in remission for less than 2 years. * received stem cell treatment within the past two years prior to enrollment. * has any active implanted medical device. * concurrent participation in another drug or device trial that may interfere with this study. * in the opinion of the investigators, the study is not safe or appropriate for the participant. * persons who are unable to consent, pregnant women, and prisoners.

Keywords: transcutaneous transcutaneous cervical spinal cord stimulation