Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
application of dwi in diagnosis of prostate cancer

Conditions: Prostate Cancer; Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Summary: this study compared the performance of different models of multiple b-value dwi in diagnosing prostate cancer.

diffusion weighted imaging (dwi) plays an important role in the diagnosis and stratification of prostate cancer. traditional dwi apply the apparent diffusion coefficient (adc) to reflect the diffusion of tissue water, which is a parameter calculated by a monoexponential model with 2b values. in recent years, the development of multiple b-value dwi facilitates the appearance of many new mathematical models. different models have different features, but their value of applications in prostate cancer still need to be confirmed. this study was aiming to: (1) compare the parameters derived from monoexponential model, intravoxel incoherent motion (ivim) model and stretched exponential model between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia; (2) compare the difference of these parameters between low-grade (gleason score ≤ 3+4) and high-grade (gleason score ≥ 4+3) cancer; (3) find whether these parameters derived from new models are superior to adc derived from traditional monoexponetial model.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. the exam including t1wi、t2wi and multiple b-value dwi. 2. comfired by pathology as prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia in one month after the mri exam. exclusion criteria: * 1.no gleason score data. 2.awful quality of imagings or artifacts affectting diagnosis. 3.no lesion larger than 0.5cm. 4.any surgery or treatment before mri exam. 5.biopsy in 4 weeks before mri exam.

Keywords: benign prostatic hyperplasia diffusion weighted imaging
"peri-operative antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria of enterobacteriacae esbl+ origin"

Conditions: Antimicrobial Prophylaxis; Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

Summary: the aim of the study is to determine optimal safe duration of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing endourological procedures and eswl, presenting with asymptomatic bacteriuria caused by multi-drug resistant bacterial strains. in this study we compare safety and efficacy of a one-day vs. three-day amp (antimicrobial prophylaxis) in the above mentioned group of patients.

patients with positive urine culture with enterobacteriacae esbl + resistance mechanism upon admission for endourological procedure or eswl were subjected to body temperature measurement and laboratory tests: smear from the anus towards the presence of alarm pathogens, urinalysis, control urine culture, blood count, crp (c-reactive protein), procalcitonin (pct). after confirming the occurrence of asymptomatic bacteriuria, the patients were randomized to two groups - a one-day and three-day period lasting perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. in both groups on the following day after the procedure (24 hours after the procedure) and after 7 days after the procedure, laboratory tests and body temperature measurements were performed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * esbl+ asymptomatic bacteriuria * assigned for endourological procedure * normal crp, pct and wbc * patient's consent exclusion criteria: * urinary tract infection * raised levels of crp, pct, wbc * fever * non esbl+ bacteriuria * inability to consent

Keywords: esbl+ antimicrobial prophylaxis
measurement of adherence and health-related quality of life, and health-care resource utilization

Conditions: Cancer-related Venous Thromboembolism

Summary: the goal of this research study is to learn about the quality of life, experiences with treatment, and healthcare costs of patients who are receiving long-term treatment for venous thromboembolism (vte) that is related to cancer. this is an investigational study. up to 260 participants will be enrolled in this multicenter study. up to 170 will take part in md anderson.

if you agree to take part in this study, you will complete 2 questionnaires either at an already-scheduled clinic visit or over the phone at the time you join this study and then about 30 days, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after that. these questionnaires will be about your quality of life and experiences with treatment for vte. it should take less than 10 minutes to complete the questionnaires each time. information from your medical record may also be collected at these time points. your participation will be over after the last questionnaires are completed at about 12 months after you enroll in the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adult (≥ 18 years) female or male subjects. 2. confirmed symptomatic proximal or distal lower extremity deep venous thrombosis with or without pulmonary embolism or other venous thromboses. for a symptomatic lower extremity deep venous thrombosis confirmed by compression ultrasonography, venography, or specific computerized tomography (ct) venography, or a thrombus detected in the iliac veins on an abdominal or pelvic ct. for symptomatic pulmonary embolism confirmed by computerized tomographic pulmonary angiography, ventilation perfusion scan, or catheter pulmonary angiography. 3. cancer (other than basal-cell or squamous-cell carcinoma of the skin), either active or diagnosed within 2 years prior to vte. the diagnosis of cancer must be objectively documented by histopathologic diagnosis. 4. intention for long-term treatment (at least 3 months) with anticoagulation. 5. participants will be enrolled in the study within the first 5 days from initiation of anticoagulation. 6. able to provide informed consent and complete study survey tools 7. able to read and speak english. exclusion criteria: 1. indication for anticoagulation other than cancer-related vte. 2. an eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status of 4 at the time of study enrollment. 3. life expectancy \< 3 months. 4. isolated pulmonary embolism, or isolated upper extremity deep venous thrombosis, or isolated splanchnic venous thrombosis, or isolated cerebral venous thrombosis confirmed by compression ultrasonography, venography, or ct.

Keywords: questionnaires surveys cancer-related venous thromboembolism vte
asha hiv health promotion intervention in india

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: the purpose of this randomized pilot study was to conduct an intervention with 68 rural women living with aids to compare the effectiveness of two different programs on compliance with hiv/aids treatment regimens, improvement in knowledge about hiv/aids and tb, improvement in psychological distress, reduction in stigma; satisfaction with care provided to family members, reduction in number of opportunistic infections, increase in cd4 levels and completion of the designed asha-life (al) program. the trial was designed to assess the impact of the asha-life (al) intervention engaging with an hiv-trained village woman, asha (accredited social health activist), to participate in the care of women living with aids (wla), along with other health care providers compared to a usual care group. two high prevalence hiv/aids villages in rural andhra pradesh, which were demographically alike and served by distinct public health centers, were selected randomly from a total of 16 villages.

this community health study was conducted in two phases: phase i was initiated with the establishment of a community advisory board (cab) composed of 10 persons including wla, ashas, and health care providers consisting of nurse midwives, hiv and tb experts selected from a primary care clinic in nellore, andhra pradesh. the cab considered issues related to stigma, disclosure, and psycho-socio-cultural factors affecting the health-seeking behaviors of wla. they also analyzed the strategies that asha could employ to support wla in optimizing their health and well-being and that of their families. this was followed by focus groups conducted separately with the same type of participants. eligibility criteria included wla who were currently on art, were 16-45 years of age, and were able to provide informed consent. phase ii: a randomized control trial-pilot study was completed in year 3. we assessed the outcomes of 34 wla who participated in the al program at six-month follow-up, as compared with 34 wla in the usual care (uc) program; in terms of: a) compliance with hiv/aids and/or tb treatment regimens (hiv/aids/tb), b) improvement in knowledge about hiv/aids/tb, c) improvement in psychological distress, d) reduction in stigma, e) reduction in number of opportunistic infections (ois), f) increase in cd4 levels, and g) completion of the program. the intervention incorporated a comprehensive education and skills program to which we added high protein supplements (1 kg of black gram and 1 kg of toor dal/month for the al group vs. a basic program including 1 kg of channa dal/month for the uc group.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women living with hiv * ages 18-45 * interfacing with an accredited social health activist (asha) * receiving art or eligible for receiving art * hiv positive status * cd4 cells ≥ 100 * not a participant of phase 1 exclusion criteria: * cognitively impaired, not a participant of phase 1
cardiac uptake of metformin, visualized by positron emission tomography

Conditions: Heart Failure, Systolic

Summary: the purpose of the study is to evaluate if metformin is taken up into the failing myocardium. recent experimental and epidemiological studies have shown beneficial effects of metformin on heart failure. it is unknown whether this effect is direct or indirect. the aim of the study is to investigate if metformin is taken up in heart failure using a novel 11c-metformin tracer and positron emission tomography (pet).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with chronic heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction \<45% * new york heart association (nyha) class i, ii, iii * relatively preserved renal function (egfr \> 30 ml/min) * ability to understand the written patient information and to give informed consent * negative p-hcg for women of childbearing potential exclusion criteria: * known allergy to metformin * age \< 18 years * current abuse of alcohol or drugs

Keywords: metformin heart failure organic cation transporter pharmacogenetics pharmacokinetics positron emission tomography
utilization patterns of pulmicort in real life practice

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to identify the potential issues during short and mid term utilization of pulmicort hydro fluoroaklane (hfa) pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pmdi)and describe associated factors.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asthmatic patients with a diagnose of at least 12 months of duration before study inclusion * patients previously treated with pulmicort cfc who have changed their treatment to pulmicort hfa exclusion criteria: * disability that, from investigator point of view, prevent from complying the follow up schedule * to have participated in any clinical study in the past 6 months

Keywords: asthma treatment utilization real life practice
impact of diet on capsule endoscopy

Conditions: Small Bowel Disease

Summary: capsule endoscopy studies are used for the diagnosis of small bowel mucosal lesions. since capsule endoscopy depends on the small intestinal peristaltism, the food intake - especially the amount of fat ingested - after the ingestion of the capsule may have an impact on the capsule endoscopy transit time and thus its diagnostic yield. as a consequence, an open-label randomized pilot study was designed to determine wether increased dietary intake of fat after the ingestion of the capsule endoscopy may influence small intestinal transit time and thus the diagnosis of small bowel lesions.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients undergoing capsule endoscopy study exclusion criteria: * not being able to follow a diet with increased amount of fat
vicente ferrer hiv cohort study

Conditions: HIV; Tuberculosis; Cryptococcosis; Opportunistic Infections; Noncommunicable Diseases

Summary: the vfhcs is a long-term prospective cohort study of hiv infected patients from a resource-poor rural setting in india. the aim of the study is to use data collected from routine clinical care in order to describe the epidemiology of hiv and its related conditions in the investigators area, and to study the effectiveness of health interventions in a "real-world" setting (implementation and operational research).

andhra pradesh is the state with highest burden of hiv in india. anantapur is a district situated in the south border of andhra pradesh with 72% rural population and adult literacy rate of 74.1% in men and 54.3% in women. in anantapur, the hiv epidemic is largely driven by heterosexual transmission and it is characterized by poor socioeconomic conditions and high levels of illiteracy. rural development trust (rdt) is a nongovernmental organization, which provides medical care to people living with hiv free of charge, including medicines, consultation and admission charges. in bathalapalli hospital, outpatient clinics and 71 beds are allocated exclusively for hiv or tuberculosis infected patients. the vicente ferrer hiv cohort study (vfhcs) is a prospective open cohort study of all hiv infected patients who have attended bathalapalli rdt hospital. routine clinical data from patients are collected prospectively since september 2009 and entered in a sql-server database using c# as front end. details of route of transmission, hiv associated risk factors and socio-demographic data are collected at enrolment. data collected include medical treatment (antiretroviral treatment and other medications), laboratory investigations (haemogram, renal function tests, liver function tests, cd4 lymphocyte count, bacterial infections), and standardized diagnoses. the objective of the vfhcs is to describe social and medical aspects related to hiv in the investigators setting, including: 1. epidemiology: trends in hiv incidence, transmission mechanisms, socioeconomic risk factors associated with hiv. 2. incidence and prevalence of opportunistic infections, especially tuberculosis and cryptococcosis. 3. life expectancy and factors associated with mortality 4. describe the retention across the continuum of care and investigate factors associated with loss to follow-up. 5. toxicity and effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy. 6. effectiveness of programmes to prevent mother to child transmission. 7. incidence and prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as cancer or cardiovascular diseases.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * positive serology for hiv exclusion criteria: * refuse to consent
comparison of the clinical performance of high strength hybrid ceramic indirect restorations cemented on endodontically treated teeth using bioactive versus conventional self adhesive resin cements.

Conditions: Endodontically Treated Molar

Summary: cementation of indirect restoration is a determinant of the success or failure of the fabricated restoration and consequentially the entire tooth. while there are numerous commercially available resin cements in the dental market, not all have been sufficiently assessed with significant follow up periods to clinically determine their success or failure. as such, this research will be conducted to elucidate if there is a viability to the cementation of indirect hybrid ceramic blocks over endodontically treated teeth using bioactive self-adhesive resin cement and determining whether it provides a clinical advantage and improved restoration serviceability in the oral cavity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient related criteria: * adult patients (age: 21-50 years) of both genders. * able to tolerate necessary restorative procedures. * willing to sign the informed consent. * accepts the follow-up period. tooth related criteria: * endodontically treated first and second permanent molars. * access cavities with one missing proximal wall i.e. occluso-mesial/distal cavities * patients with proper oral hygiene exclusion criteria: * endodontically treated anterior, premolar and third molar teeth * badly broken-down teeth * hopelessly carious/destructed teeth necessitating extraction * mobile teeth, indicating periodontal disease or trauma. * external or internal resorption. * cervical carious lesions * medically compromised patients * patients with known allergies to latex and/or resinous material

Keywords: resin cement shofu bioactive resin cement sprg s-prg endodontically treated teeth beautilink sa
interleukin-6 antagonists in critically-ill covid-19 patients

Conditions: COVID-19; Critical Illness

Summary: the emerging sars-cov2 virus has shed a new light on the cross-talks between the immune and the hemostatic system. in this study we aim to evaluate the dynamic change in coagulation caused by the modulation of the inflammatory response by interleukin-6 antagonist as assessed by viscoelastic methods in critically ill covid-19 patients. furthermore we try to draw attention to possible associations between the endothelial cell injury, inflammation and coagulation.

the emerging sars-cov2 virus has shed new light on the cross-talk between the immune and the hemostatic system. pathophysiologically in covid-19 infection the thrombo-inflammatory process is initiated by the host's exaggerated systemic inflammatory response, also called "dysregulated immune response" that activates both the inflammatory and the coagulation cascade directly by inflammatory mediators and indirectly by causing endothelial cell injury. these mechanisms altogether contribute to the imbalance of the hemostasis that is characterized by a procoagulant state. in this multicenter prospective observational study, we aim to evaluate the dynamic change in coagulation as a result of immunomodulation by interleukin-6 antagonists in critically ill covid-19 patients. we will assess the hemostatic system by a viscoelastic hemostasis assay (clotpro, haemonetics corporation, boston). furthermore, we try to draw attention to possible associations between endothelial cell injury, inflammation, and coagulation. to compare these parameters we will draw blood for analysis before administration of il-6 antagonist then 24h after, 48h after, and 7 days after.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults (\>18 years old) * clinical diagnosis of sars-cov2 infection with rtpcr confirmation * disease severity with the indication of immunomodulation therapy with interleukin-6 antagonist: acute respiratory failure that requires invasive, noninvasive ventilation , or high flow nasal oxygen therapy with the following parameters: fio2 \> 0,4, flow \> 30l/min and c reactive protein \> 75 mg/l exclusion criteria: * the patient had previously been administered one of the following immunomodulating drug: anakinra, tocilizumab, sarilumab * presence of any condition or drug in the medical history that can lead to immunosuppression * suspicion of infection (active tuberculosis, bacterial, viral, fungal) or level of procalcitonine higher than 0,5 ng/ml at the enrollment of the patient * number of thrombocyte lower than 50 x 109 / l * more than \>120 hours passed between the admission to the icu and the administration of interleukin-6 antagonist * administration of any of the following drugs the week before or during the study: fibrinolytic therapy, factor products (pcc, atiii, fviia, fxiii), fibrinogen, desmopressin, tranexamic acid, blood products (ffp, thrombocyte concentrate) * pregnancy * the patient or his legal guardian does not sign the consent

Keywords: severe covid-19 interleukin-6 antagonist clotpro viscoelastic hemostasis assay
a randomized controlled single-blind study of the effects of instrument-applied spinal manipulative therapy on postural control

Conditions: Disequilibrium

Summary: to determine the effects of instrument-applied chiropractic manipulative therapy (cmt) on postural control.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * students, staff or faculty exclusion criteria: * no previous lower extremity injury, surgery, visual or vestibular condition that would affect balance * systemic illness that could have an adverse effect on balance * local infection, injury or other malignancy affecting the lower extremity * any unstable joints of the lower extremity * any spinal manipulation within 48 hours * prescription or herbal muscle stimulants, relaxants, etc. that could affect balance * pregnancy

Keywords: disequilibrium spinal manipulation postural control
addressing tobacco, e-cigarette, and cannabis waste

Conditions: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice

Summary: this study tests of effect of brief education and support about tobacco, e-cigarette, and cannabis waste (tecw) on knowledge, beliefs, behavior, and tecw on two college campuses.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * student at university of california, davis or california state university san marcs * between the ages of 18 and 25 * taking at least one class on the main campus * at least six months until graduation * have a smart phone with location services enabled for apps * regular access to a device with sufficient wifi * private space for three remote visits on over the next six weeks and one visit in six months * willing to have camera on during remote visits exclusion criteria: * none
delto-tricipital compression syndrome: treated with injection of dextrose

Conditions: Superficial Radial Nerve Lesion

Summary: the posterior antebrachial cutaneous nerve (pacn) can be compressed between the deltoid and triceps, with resultant pain and dysfunction. the active treatment for this study will be injection of the point of compression and along the painful course of the sensory nerve with 5% dextrose. the control treatment will be physical therapy.

the pacn is a purely sensory nerve that originates in the midforearm, courses anterior to the lateral epicondyle, and travels proximally until it dives between the posterior portion of the v shaped insertion of the deltoid and the external? insertion of the triceps, whereupon it joins with the radial nerve. a proposed pathological explanation is that repetitive co-contraction produces irritation and compression of the nerve at the delto-tricipital (d-t) fascial penetration point. clinically the patient experiences pain localized to that compression point, and traveling distally along the course of some or all of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve. perineural injection of dextrose has been previously reported for therapeutic use in chronic pain associated with achilles tendinopathy. empirically,injection of d5w with a small needle along the course of the pacn and at the d-t penetrator has been found to resolve both pain and dysfunction (describe dysfunction). participants will be randomly assigned to either 1 month of physical therapy or to 0,1,2 and 3 week injection of d5w. the use of standardized measurement tools for pain (0-10 numerical rating scale) and function (quick dash) will be utilized to determine baseline status and status at 1 month. at 1 month, subjects receiving therapy will be allowed to cross over to injection treatment and all participants will receive as needed treatment until the 1 year period of follow-up. thus only 1 month data is randomized but long term data will be gathered.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. pain in the deltotricipital groove,extending down the lateral septum. 2. pain rating 6 or more on a 0-10 numerical rating scale (nrs) 3. reproduction of pain with provocative maneuvers. lifting a 6 pound weight to 60 degrees with the below at 40 degrees of elbow extension and the clinician creating a flexion force on the elbow which the participant resists. (need a picture) 4. pain more than 3 months? exclusion criteria: 1. pain in other arm or shoulder locations on either side more than 2/10 2. pain in other part of the body more than 4/10. 3. taking narcotics for pain. 4. pain with testing of shoulder laxity. 5. massive rupture of rotator cuff (complete width tear) evidenced by examination or mri scan. 6. level iii-iv or more shoulder arthritis on plain film of shoulder. 7. other peripheral neuropathy. 8. unstable psychiatric status

Keywords: radial neuropathy