Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
comparison of metformin and insulin for management of gestational diabetes mellitus

Conditions: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy

Summary: gestational diabetic mellitus (gdm) patients randomised to metformin or insulin group.aim was to achieve blood sugar levels of blood sugar fasting (bsf) \<5.3 mmol/l and 1 hour post meal\<7.8mmol/l. both groups were followed till delivery and outcome studied.

75 gm oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt) was done in pregnant patients. blood sugar fasting(bsf) \> 5.5 mmol/l \& 2 hours postprandial \>7.8 mmol/l was labelled as gdm. they were randomised to metformin or insulin group. those assigned to metformin group were started metformin 500mg twice daily \& increased until 2500mg depending on the blood sugar levels. aim was to achieve blood sugar levels of bsf \<5.3 mmol/l and 1 hour post meal\<7.8mmol/l. if blood sugar levels were not controlled, insulin was added. the insulin group was given 3 injections of regular insulin \& one intermediate acting insulin injection at night subcutaneously. both groups were followed till delivery and outcome studied

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria:• * all pregnant diagnosed gdm in pregnancy by ogtt from 22 week to 34 week with singleton pregnancy exclusion criteria: * patients with known diabetes mellitus * patients with multiple pregnancy * with essential hypertension or pre eclampsia * patients having fetal malformation incompatible with life * patients with intrauterine death of fetus

Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus, metformin, insulin
acute fatty acid intervention study (afast)

Conditions: Cardiovascular Disease; The Metabolic Syndrome

Summary: the main objective of this study is to elucidate whether different dietary fatty acids (sfa, pufa, butter fat and margarine fat) in a high fat load will have different effects on pbmc gene expression profiles. secondary objectives are to elucidate the effects of these fat loads on individual plasma free fatty acid profiles, triglycerides and cholesterol levels.

nutrition plays a key role in the development of metabolic disorders like cardiovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome. nutrients that can contribute to the risk of developing such diseases are fatty acids (fas). it is known that fatty acids mediate their metabolic effects via changes in gene expression, through binding and subsequent activation of the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (ppar). in addition, it is known that unsaturated fatty acids are better ligands for ppar than saturated fatty acids. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) express pparalpha and are relatively easy to isolate from whole blood. we previously showed that the gene expression profiles of these cells can reflect free fatty acid increases during fasting. the question still remains whether dietary fa can influence gene expression in a similar way and, if so, whether different dietary fa result in different gene expression changes and subsequent activation of other pathways.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy caucasian men * age between 18 and 30 years exclusion criteria: * allergic to fish oil * allergic to margarine * allergic to cow milk or dairy products * current or recent (\<4 weeks) use of fish oil supplements or more then four times fish/week; 24.35 g of epa-dha of fish per month (800 mg/day) as judged by the questionnaire. * body mass index (bmi) \ 25 kg/m2 * urine glucose concentrations outside normal ranges (low to non-detectable) * fasting blood glucose outside the normal range (3 - 5.5 mmol/l) * tobacco smoking * taking medication that may influence the study results * received inoculations within 2 months of starting the study or planned to during the study * donated or intended to donate blood from 2 months before the study till two months after the study * diagnosed with any long-term medical condition (eg., diabetes, hemophilia, cardiovascular disease, anemia, gastrointestinal disease) * vegetarian

Keywords: postprandial gene expression profiles microarray
safety & efficacy study of htu-520 in the treatment of distal subungual onychomycosis of the toenail

Conditions: Onychomycosis

Summary: this is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study of htu-520 in subjects with clinically diagnosed onychomycosis of the great toenail.

a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter, placebo-controlled study of the safety \& efficacy of htu-520 in the treatment of mild to moderate distal subungual onychomycosis of the toenail

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. clinical diagnosis of dso for at least one great toenail 2. direct microscopy of subungual debris positive for hyphal elements (koh test) 3. culture confirmation of the growth of a dermatophyte 4. good general health 5. willing to refrain from using any lotions, creams, liquids, or polish on treated toenails 6. willing to refrain from receiving pedicures for the duration of the study 7. if female, using an acceptable form of birth control exclusion criteria: 1. unable to apply test product onto toenails by him/herself 2. use of topical antifungal agents on the nail within 1 month 3. uncontrolled diabetes 4. onychomycosis of the fingernails 5. confirmed non-dermatophyte infection of the target toenail 6. structural deformities of the target toenail, open wounds, lesions, sores, surgery on the feet or toenails 7. history of severe or chronic immunosuppression, an immunocompromised condition 8. any systemic or dermatologic disorder, such as severe eczema, or severe atopic dermatitis 9. psoriasis of the toenails 10. hypersensitivity or allergy to topical preparations (including terbinafine) or adhesive dressings

Keywords: onychomycosis
use of adhear, a non-implantable bone conduction hearing system, in children with single sided deafness and/or conductive hearing loss

Conditions: Conductive Hearing Loss; Single Sided Deafness

Summary: a hearing loss affects the quality of life and the natural development of children. the new generation of hearing devices provides a huge number of options to them. these new hearing aids are often aesthetically acceptable, less invasive and user-friendly. the adhear non-implantable bone conduction hearing system is connected directly to the skin with a special adhesive adapter. the device transmits the sound to the mastoid by vibrating on the skull and stimulates the inner ear without any previous surgery. the objective of this study is to evaluate of the audiological benefit and subjective satisfaction of adhear audio processor with adhesive attachment in a group of children suffering from conductive hearing loss and/or single sided deafness.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * unilateral and/or bilateral chl (e. g. bc-thresholds \<25db hl) * ability to perform all tests required for the study * signed, and dated informed consent by parents and children where applicable exclusion criteria: * intolerant of the materials * patient with a skin or scalp condition that may preclude the attachment of the adhesive plaster * fluctuation of hearing loss over a two year period of 15db in either direction * retrocochlear, or central auditory disorders * any physical, psychological, or emotional disorder that would interfere with the ability to perform on test and rehabilitation procedures
in vivo igf-1r molecular imaging using [68ga]- labelling anti-igf-1r affibody molecule

Conditions: Molecular Imaging

Summary: the investigators developed \[68ga\]-labelling anti-igf-1r affibody molecule as a targeted molecular imaging agent for noninvasive and repeatable detecting igf-1r expression status.

the goals of investigators are to evaluate the use of \[68ga\]-labelling anti-igf-1r affibody molecule as a novel pet/ct radiotracer to monitor igf-1r expression status. the investigators want to evaluate the use of \[68ga\]-labelling anti-igf-1r affibody molecule in igf-1r expression cancer imaging in adult cancer patients （colon cancer 、nsclc、gliomas cancer patients）with different igf-1r expression status.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. colon cancer, nsclc and gliomas patients with pathological and gene detection results and did not receive any treatment 2. more than 18 years old 3. a life expectancy of at least 12 weeks 4. presence of a malignant lesion within the chest of at least 0.5 cm diameter as measured by computed tomography (ct) 5. written informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. could not get pathological and gene detection results 2. pregnancy 3. do not want to write informed consent。
mri screening in men at high risk of developing prostate cancer

Conditions: Prostate Cancer Screening

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether or not magnetic resonance images (mri) will identify high-grade cancers earlier and more frequently in men at high risk of developing prostate cancer.

in this study the study team hypothesizes mr images will identify high-grade cancers earlier and more frequently in men at high risk of developing prostate cancer. subjects will receive gadolinium (intravenous contrast agent) as part of their research mri exam. while the deposition of gadolinium (gd) has been demonstrated in numerous studies, the clinical consequences of gd deposition are unknown. gd enhanced mri scans provide crucial medical information regarding prostate and prostate cancer imaging and contrast-enhanced images are a component of all guidelines and the pirads scoring system. the study team will compare baseline prostate mr images of men at high risk of developing prostate cancer to those without an identifiable predisposition and evaluate the role of a grs in screening men with at elevated risk of being diagnosed with prostate cancer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male age 18 and older * no known history of prostate cancer * no previous prostate resection or ablation (e.g. turp, photovaporization) exclusion criteria: * unable to tolerate mri due to metal fragments or claustrophobia * lack of a rectum * hip arthroplasty
how similar are changes to the surface of the eye when two different glaucoma eye drops are used?

Conditions: Glaucoma

Summary: to determine whether one glaucoma eye drop is less likely to cause changes to the surface of the eye (conjunctiva) than another. the two different prostaglandins are xalatan and travatan z.

two groups will be entered into this study: group 1 will be naive to treatment and group 2 will be using xalatan for at least one month before enrollment. both groups will be using one drop at bedtime of xalatan in the right eye and one drop at bedtime of travatan z in the left eye. both of these drops are presently on the market and approved by the fda for treatment of lowering eye pressure. because this study will be masked, the examining clinician will not know what study drop each patient has been using.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 21 or older * able to understand protocol and agree to 3 visits * any type of glaucoma * selective laser trabeculoplasty, argon laser trabeculoplasty, peripheral iridotomy accepted * naïve: no prior glaucoma treatment (medical or surgical) * if patient non-compliant, must be off meds 3 months * xalatan: at least one month use exclusion criteria: * both groups: any history of ocular surface disease * dry eye syndrome or prior restasis use * prior ocular surgery other than cataract extractions * uveitis or other inflammatory disease of the eye or adnexa * systemic medications that might influence ocular inflammation * any active inflammation or infection * pregnancy or intention to become pregnant * naïve: prior use of topical glaucoma medication unless off for 3 months. * use of preserved artificial tear preparations in last 30 days and more than one year history of chronic use * xalatan: prior use of travatan or travatan z

Keywords: glaucoma impression cytology ocular surface changes prostaglandins
effect of propofol on postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Conditions: Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Summary: as ponv is an unpleasant experience that badly affects the patients' quality of life after surgery and the anti-emetic effects of propofol have been seldomly studied in pakistan, this study aims at investigation of the beneficial effects of propofol in reducing the occurrence of ponv.

cesarean section is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in the obstetric patients. adequate intra and postoperative analgesia is very important in providing comfort to the mother, early breastfeeding, ambulation and discharge as well as enhancing patient satisfaction.spinal anesthesia is widely accepted as the anesthesia of choice for cesarean section owing to its safety and speed. ponv is an unpleasant condition, often underestimated side effect of anesthesia and surgery, quite common in women undergoing spinal anesthesia for cesarean.it is one of the significant problems in post anaesthesia care units. the etiology of ponv is multifactorial with patient factors (gender, history of motion sickness, age), intra op factors (type of anesthesia, surgery and opioid use) and post op factors (pain, post op opioid use) which are found to be associated with the ponv. apfel simplified scoring is based on four independent factors including female gender, non-smoker, history of ponv or motion sickness and use of opioids. each predictor is given a score of 1. a score of 0,1,2,3 or 4 predicts the chance of developing ponv as approximately 10%, 20%, 40% or 80%. the intense efforts accompanying emesis increase the risk of complications such as wound dehiscence, bleeding, aspiration pneumonitis, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and interference with nutrition. while it is difficult to completely avoid the occurrence of ponv, it can be markedly reduced using a multimodal non-opioid analgesia, total intravenous anesthesia and adequate prophylactic antiemetic premedication. propofol has been reported to have anti-emetic effects at sub hypnotic dose as a bolus or a continuous infusion in susceptible individuals undergoing surgeries, though the exact mechanism of this effect is yet to be discovered. in a research published in bmc anesthesiology, the data indicates a significant difference in the incidence of ponv in control group (93.9%) and the study group (8.7%) with a single sub hypnotic dose of propofol administered 10-15 min before the end of surgery in parturients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anaesthesia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * parturient aged between 18 - 50 years * elective cesarean under spinal anesthesia * patients at increased risk of ponv based on apfel score 2 or more * asa class ii * ability to give informed consent exclusion criteria: * allergy to propofol * asa class iii and above * anti emetic drug administered 24 hrs prior to surgery

Keywords: postoperative nausea and vomiting, propofol
stem cell factor, a potential biological marker of skin involvement in systemic sclerosis?

Conditions: Systemic Sclerosis

Summary: this project aims to study systemic sclerosis and find a serum marker of its cutaneous involvement. systemic sclerosis (ssc) is a rare immune disease that is part of connectivitis and is characterized by fibrosis and vasculopathy. multiple visceral lesions involving these two processes make up the severity of this disease. its dermatological involvement is a fundamental clinical element. systemic sclerosis is mainly divided into two subtypes, depending on the extent of dermatological involvement: limited and diffuse systemic sclerosis. these also differ in certain autoantibody profiles and clinical features. nevertheless, it is still necessary to determine certain criteria, markers, making it possible to distinguish at an early stage the presence of limited or diffuse systemic sclerosis. the latter being characterized by more severe organic and cutaneous involvement and excess mortality. this would allow for more aggressive management from the outset at an early onset of the disease. in general, it is known that this pathology is characterized by dysfunction of endothelial cells (ec) and fibroblasts as well as autoimmunity. many mediators contribute to the fibroblast activation observed in ssc. however, transforming growth factor beta (tgfβ) is considered to be the central regulatory factor of fibrosis processes. it is also known that endothelial cells interact with mast cells through the production of stem cell factor (scf) to induce their proliferation and differentiation. the damaged skin tissues in systemic sclerosis are infiltrated in particular by mast cell cells which produce tgfβ. the team of kihira et al (1998) demonstrated the presence of a high level of scf in the serum of patients with systemic sclerosis. few studies explore this possible production pathway of tgfβ in systemic sclerosis via scf assay. this study will allow the investigators to: * study this possible route of fibrosis through the dosage of scf in the serum of patients suffering from systemic sclerosis * describe scf as a possible biomarker of skin involvement by hypothesizing that the dosage of scf will be higher in patients with diffuse scleroderma compared to those with limited scleroderma


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients followed regularly at chu brugmann in rheumatology/dermatology for limited or diffuse systemic sclerosis in accordance with the acr/eular 2013 criteria. * control patients recruited among patients followed for mechanical pathology in rheumatology exclusion criteria: * patients with comorbidities of hematological diseases, asthma or severe chronic renal failure (gfr \< 30)
cardiac dysfunction in patients with fatty liver disease

Conditions: NAFLD; Cardiac Disease; Fatty Liver; MASLD - Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease

Summary: cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is seen as a blunted contractile responsiveness to stress, and/or altered diastolic relaxation with electrophysiological abnormalities, in absence of known cardiac disease. left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (lvdd) is associated with risk of hepatorenal syndrome (hrs) , septic shock. , heart failure in the perioperative period following liver transplantation, and after trans-jugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (tips) insertion . the echocardiographic e/e' ratio is a predictor of survival in lvdd, with multiple studies, including prospective data from our centre. the inability of the heart to cope with stress or sepsis induced circulatory failure is a key concept of the increased mortality risk due to lvdd. in view of the metabolic syndrome and diabetes epidemic and an increasing number of patients being diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, there is increased risk of developing cardiac dysfunction due to multiple comorbidities including coronary artery disease, hypertensive heart disease, cirrhotic cardiomyopathy, which are contributors to overall cardiovascular risk of mortality.

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) and heart failure (hf) are obesity-related conditions with high cardiovascular mortality. many new studies have linked nafld to changes in myocardial energy metabolism, and to echocardiographic measurements of cardiac dysfunction especially heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. cardiac dysfunction in nafld is related to the release of inflammatory cytokines among those with steatohepatitis (nash). however composite models looking at coronary artery disease, systolic and diastolic heart failure and outcomes in patients with nafld are limited, and the few preliminary analyses of this relationship using histologically-defined nash or lean nafld remain unclear. in this project the investigators will screen patients with a diagnosis of 'non-alcoholic fatty liver disease' for presence of coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, cirrhotic cardiomyopathy and develop a model for cardiac dysfunction in such patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age range of 18-65 years * metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease as diagnosed either by histology or clinical, laboratory, non invasive tests, usg findings and vibration controlled transient elastography (vcte). exclusion criteria: * age \>65 years * chronic renal disease * pregnancy and peripartum cardiomyopathy * hypertension * valvular heart disease * sick sinus syndrome/ pacemaker * cardiac rhythm disorder * hypothyroidism * hyperthyroidism * portal vein thrombosis * transjugular intrahepatic porto systemic shunt (tips) insertion * hepatocellular carcinoma * anemia hb \< 8gm/dl in females, and \< 9 gm/dl in males at the time of assessment

Keywords: masld cirrhotic cardiomyopathy heart failure in cirrhosis coronary artery disease
ventilo prospective study

Conditions: Mechanical Ventilation Complication; Respiratory Acidosis

Summary: this is a randomized, open-label study comparing intial settings made by clinicians with settings recommandation made by the ventilo application immediately after intensive care unit admission.the study will allow direct comparison of the frequency of acidosis when patients are ventilated using the parameters of the ventilo application versus parameters chosen by the clinician. the variables determined by the clinician or ventilo will be respiratory rate, tidal volume and resulting minute ventilation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults (\> 18 years old) * intubated patients admitted to intensive care immediately post-operatively after cardiac surgery (all cardiac surgery combined) * ventilation in controlled mode (assist control or simv) exclusion criteria: * absence of anthropometric data (height and weight) of patients available in the patient file * respiratory cycles mainly spontaneous on arrival * patient extubated on arrival in intensive care
concomitant evaluation of epicor left atrial therapy for af

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: the purpose of this study is to test the safety and efficacy of the epicor lp cardiac ablation system for treating permanent atrial fibrillation during concomitant open chest and/or open heart surgery for one of more of the following procedures: mitral valve repair or replacement, aortic valve repair or replacement, tricuspid valve repair or replacement, coronary artery bypass surgery or patent foramen ovale (pfo closure).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-80 years old * permanent af defined as continuous af lasting \> one year or non self-terminating af lasting \> seven days but no more than one year with at least one failed dc cardioversion * have a concomitant indication for open chest and/or open heart surgery for one or more of the following: mitral valve repair or replacement, aortic valve repair or replacement, tricuspid valve repair or replacement, patent foramen ovale (pfo) closure or coronary artery bypass surgery * be able to take anticoagulation therapy * be able to fulfill study requirements * be able to sign study-specific informed consent exclusion criteria: * presence of a previously implanted device in or adjacent to the treatment target area that may alter the delivery of therapy * prior cardiac surgery * presence of active endocarditis, local or system infection * presence of advanced heart failure (nyha class \> ii, \& lvef \< 20%) * intraaortic balloon pump, iv inotropes or vasoactive agents within 30 days * emergent cardiac surgery due to acute mi or acute mitral regurgitation * life expectancy \< 1 year * major or progressive non-cardiac disease * presence of left atrial thrombi * left atrial diameter \> 6.0 cm * any condition that prevents investigator from safely performing procedure * positive urine or serum pregnancy test * prior left atrial ablation * currently participating in another clinical research study

Keywords: arrhythmia atrial fibrillation