Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
a new method for estimating dynamic intrinsic peep

Conditions: PEEP, Intrinsic; PEEP, Occult; Respiratory Insufficiency

Summary: dinamic intrinsic peep is

dynamic intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (peepi dyn) play an important pathophysiology role in many acute respiratory pathologies. the most accurate method to quantify peepi dyn is to measure the rise in transdiaphragmatic pressure (pdi) at end expiration at the point of the contraction of the inspiratory muscles until inspiratory flow starts. such method, however, is invasive, poor comfortable and require patient active collaboration. the purpose of this study is describe a new non-invasive method for estimate peepi dyn and validate this method with gold-standard-one.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * acute or chronic respiratory failure * age \>=18 y exclusion criteria: * lack of informed consent * controindication to the placement of oesophageal and gastric catheter: esophageal varices, gastric or oesophageal bleeding in the previous 30 days, gastric or oesophageal surgery in the preceding year. * cardiac arrest * severe emodinamic instability (\> 1 vasoacttive drug) * acute coronary syndrome (ami/ua) * inability to protect airway * respiratory arrest * pregnancy suspected or confirmed * diaphragm palsy * curarization in the preceding five hours * mechanical ventilation in controlled mode.

Keywords: dynamic intrinsic peep diaphragm echography respiratory mechanics
innovative approaches to assessment of pain control and sedation in the nicu

Conditions: Pain, Postoperative

Summary: it is difficult to assess pain and agitation in the nicu population because for a multitude of reasons including the pre-verbal nature of the patient population, the atypical pain response of premature infants, and the use of muscle relaxing medications that exclude motor response in pain assessments. current assessment tools are based on physical exam and vital signs. the investigators propose to study the role of eeg and palmar conductance (pd) as additional tools in the assessment of pain and agitation

this is a prospective, non-interventional study designed to assess noxious-specific neurophysiologic responses and clinical signs following procedural pain in infants requiring hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) following elective surgery. the main goal of the study is to develop a method that reliably quantifies the level of pain induced from clinically-required noxious procedures to infants hospitalized in the nicu. this method will use measures of neurophysiological, autonomic, and behavioral responses to non-noxious and clinically-required noxious stimuli in order to guide the pharmacological treatment of nicu patients with analgesic agents, sedatives and/or muscle relaxants. the investigators hypothesize that resting state activity and physiological responses to noxious and non-noxious stimuli provide a more reliable assessment of the level of pain of infants hospitalized in the nicu compared to behavioral-based pain scores.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients will be admitted to the nicu, and having a post-menstrual age of \>28 weeks. participants will be divided into four groups according to the following criteria: group a * plan for major surgery anticipated to cause pain and agitation (i.e. esophageal atresia treatment); * patients who are anticipated to receive prolonged post-surgical neuromuscular blockade group b * plan for major surgery anticipated to cause pain and agitation (i.e. bowel surgery); * patients who are not anticipated to receive acute post-surgical neuromuscular blockade group c plan for minor surgery anticipated to cause pain and agitation (i.e. hernia repair); group d no plan for surgery exclusion criteria: * confirmed or suspected clinical seizures * metabolic abnormalities or inborn error of metabolism * skin abrasions or wounds located at the site of research sensor placement i.e. scalp, which interfere with the application of electrodes

Keywords: pain sedation surgery
covid-19 and vaccination attitudes

Conditions: COVID-19

Summary: the investigators want to study how the exposure to the covid-19 pandemic affects attitudes towards science and vaccination, and how other general attitudes and values are affected.

the investigators will carry out a survey in the uk, asking the same 3 questions on vaccination as in a past survey in late 2019 to the same previous respondents, supplementing this with further questions on covid-19 exposure and attitudes towards, among others, individualism-collectivism, health policy as well as trust in science and institutions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all volunteers who participated in the november 2019 survey on vaccination will be contacted. exclusion criteria: * people who have not participated in the november 2019 survey * people unwilling to participate again
breast study to determine the ability of non-invasive optical transillumination spectroscopy to predict breast density.

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to learn more about the application of transillumination measurements in the determination of breast cancer risk. the goal is to demonstrate a correlation between non-invasive optical transillumination spectroscopy and parenchymal density pattern.

x-ray generated images, such as mammograms, rely on the density of tissue within the breast. tissue density are believed to be associated with proliferation of stroma and/or epithelium, which result in an increase in water associated light absorption and a decrease in lipid associated light absorption. the amount of density of the breast tissue has been shown to be an indicator of cancer risk. thus, assessing this breast tissue density is also an important tool in determining breast cancer risk. optical transillumination has been shown to give information about tissue composition and tissue density. unlike x-ray mammography which uses ionizing radiation, optical transillumination uses normal white light and is deemed safe to be used frequently for women of all ages and therefore can be used for those situations where mammography is not an option. normal white light is shone into the tissue and the light that leaves the breast on the other side from the source is detected and analyzed. since the same physiological conditions that contribute to dense breast tissue, as seen in mammography, also will have unique optical signatures. we will compare the amount of this dense tissue from the mammogram, taken with 12 months, to the density measurements found through the optical procedure. the goal is to be able to duplicate the information from the mammogram using the transillumination technique. all measurements are non-invasive and no blood samples or biopsies are required.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * be in good health and able to provide consent * be between 35 and 75 years of age * have no personal history of breast cancer * have had a mammogram at the marvelle koffler breast centre at mount sinai hospital within the last 12 months exclusion criteria: * have had breast biopsy * have had breast augmentation or reduction

Keywords: optical transillumination spectroscopy transillumination breast spectroscopy breast cancer risk
zebinix® retention rate in epilepsy in elderly patients

Conditions: Epilepsy; Aging Disorder; Aging; Epilepsy; Seizure

Summary: the incidence of provoked and unprovoked seizures is known to increase with advancing age. eslicarbazepine acetate (esl) is one of the third generation of antiepileptic drugs (aeds) that have been developed in the last ten years with a favorable safety profile. esl is approved in europe and the usa as adjunctive or monotherapy in adults with partial-onset seizures. nevertheless, retrospective data in monotherapy condition in the elderly epileptic population are sparse. the aim of the zebre study is to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of esl in elderly epileptic patients (\> 65 years). the completion of this study will provide crucial information on the most appropriate esl treatment for elderly patients suffering from partial seizures.

the zebre (zebinix® retention rate in epilepsy in elderly patients) study is a prospective, multicenter, descriptive study. esl will be prescribed according to the usual care. posology and method of administration of esl are defined by the summary of product characteristics.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥ 65 years 2. ability of patient/legal representative to understand the study and to give his/her non-opposition (at the investigator's discretion) 3. epilepsy with refractory partial-onset seizures with or without secondary generalization confirmed or with primary generalized tonic-clonic (pgtc) seizures 4. at least one seizure in the last three months 5. treatment for partial-onset seizures with esl as a first line monotherapy or with an adjunctive therapy exclusion criteria: 1. history of esl treatment 2. history of status epilepticus, seizures occurring in cluster, pseudo-seizures 3. history of severe hepatic impairment (aspartate aminotransferase (ast) and alanine aminotransferase (alt) \> 2 times uln, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (ggt) \> 5 times uln) 4. history of severe renal impairment (clearance clcr \<30ml/min) 5. history of hypersensitivity to other carboxamide derivatives (e.g. carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine) 6. history of severe hyponatremia (\< 120 mmol/l) 7. second or third degree atrioventricular block 8. more than one other antiepileptic drug

Keywords: epilepsy elderly aging zebinix eslicarbazepine acetate tolerance antiepileptic drug
dietary patterns, metabolomics and colorectal cancer risk

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer; Mortality

Summary: colorectal cancer (crc) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in american men and women with ≥130,000 new cases each year. several dietary patterns have been associated with crc risk but underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. researchers thus propose to integrate dietary patterns and metabolomics data to comprehensively investigate biological pathways linking dietary patterns and crc risk.

several dietary patterns have been associated with colorectal cancer (crc) risk but underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. also, evidence is lacking on the consistency of dietary guidelines for overall health and crc prevention given that it is not feasible to have an optimal diet for every disease. furthermore, metabolomic profiling has not been widely assessed with respect to crc risk. metabolomics is uniquely suited to assess metabolic responses to dietary stimuli, given that it is situated downstream to all the other "omics". building on prior work in hypothesis-driven dietary patterns and crc prevention, the researchers seek to fill these knowledge gaps by proposing to: 1) use a standardized methodology to compare the best diet for overall health with the best diet for crc prevention, and further determine if any associations of dietary patterns with crc prevention are mediated by mechanisms involving inflammation and insulin; 2) determine metabolites that may mediate the association of dietary intake with crc risk. the researchers will utilize two large prospective cohort studies, the nurses' health study (nhs) and the health professionals follow-up study (hpfs), in which dietary and nondietary data have been collected every 2 to 4 years among 173,230 women and men over the last ≥30 years, with ≥3,400 crc cases and ≥43,800 all-cause deaths. this integrated interrogation of dietary patterns and metabolomics data will inform the design of guidelines for healthful lifestyles that are optimized for crc prevention.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: -adult health professionals exclusion criteria: * any cancer except nonmelanoma skin cancer * did not complete a food frequency questionnaire during follow-up * had implausible values for total energy intake (\ 3500 kcal/d for women and \ 4,200 kcal/d for men) at study entry

Keywords: dietary patterns metabolomics mortaltiy colorectal cancer
feasibility of stress management education delivered via virtual classroom in nursing homes: a pilot study of a rct

Conditions: Occupational Stress

Summary: the aim of this cluster-randomised pilot study is to assess the feasibility of a remote stress management programme to reduce occupational stress in healthcare workers in specialised care units of nursing homes. secondary aims are to assess the effectiveness of the programme in reducing stress in care workers and reducing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in residents. participants randomised to the experimental cluster will follow the stress management programme delivered in a virtual classroom. participants randomised to the control cluster will be placed on a waiting list. the primary outcome measure will be the participation rate in the study. other secondary outcomes will include measures of heart rate variability (as a marker of physiological stress) and scores on specific questionnaires for stress, anxiety and risk of burnout in nursing staff in the specialised care units, and behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia and quality of life in residents in the specialised care units. both clusters will complete the same assessments. participants in the experimental cluster will follow a three-course programme with a psychologist via videoconferencing over a period of 2 months. after the study's final evaluation visit, which will take place one month after the programme, participants in the control cluster will be offered the opportunity to follow the same programme.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * having a caring relationship with residents (e.g. nurses, nursing assistants) * working in the specialised care unit of the nursing home * working in the nursing home for at least 3 months on the date of inclusion and whose employment contract does not end within 3 months of the date of inclusion. * obtaining express written informed consent, after a period of reflection exclusion criteria: * person in a period of relative exclusion in relation to another protocol * person who is not affiliated to or does not benefit from a social security scheme. * pregnant or lactating woman * participant unable to give consent * person deprived of liberty by judicial or administrative decision * person unable to understand, speak, read and write french

Keywords: stress management virtual classroom risk of burnout behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia
early complications after axillary and inguinal lymph node dissection in stage iii melanoma patients

Conditions: Melanoma; Complication

Summary: this prospective randomized non-inferiority study is designed to compare the rate and severity of complications after axillary and inguinal lymph node dissection in stage iii melanoma patients in a study group where the drain is left in place for three weeks and a control group consisting of patients managed according to the standard institutional protocol. furthermore, variables associated with complications will be examined.

consecutive stage iii melanoma patients 18 years or older referred to our institution for axillary or inguinal lymph node dissection is eligible for inclusion of the study. a bipolar vessel sealing device (ligasure, covidien) will be used for dissection in all procedures. all patients will be scheduled for an outpatient visit with an experienced nurse three weeks after the surgery. any deviation from the normal postoperative course will be recorded in the electronic patient journal. complications are graded according to the clavien-dindo classification. patients with complications or with suspected complications at the three-week follow up will be scheduled for new an outpatient visit. patient demographics, clinicopathological characteristics of the primary melanoma, indication for the procedure, length of postoperative stay and early complications and treatment for complications will be collected for analysis

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * stage iii melanoma patients with confirmed metastases to lymph nodes in axilla or groin exclusion criteria: * unable to follow instructions or provide an informed written consent

Keywords: melanoma complication drain non-inferior study randomized study seroma
a phase iiclinical trial of carboplatin and paclitaxel or carboplatin and gemcitabine in platinum-sensitive, recurrent ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer

Conditions: Fallopian Tube Cancer; Ovarian Cancer; Primary Peritoneal Cancer

Summary: purpose primary endpoint * to evaluate the 24 month disease free survival second endpoints * to evaluate the 24 month overall survival to analyze the toxicity and the quality of life

approximately 48 month from the date of irb approval patients enrolled in this study targets approximately 314 people. completion of patient enrollment is expected to take approximately 24 month, approximately 24 month follow-up period is expected to be needed

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube cancer bokmakam or pathological diagnosis of recurrent states there must be must be present. * pathologically serous adenocarcinoma, endometrioid adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, clear cell adenocarcinoma, mixed epithelial carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, malignant brenner's tumor, or adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (nos) have been diagnosed with possible participation. * patients with ca-125 (biochemical recurrence), as described below elevation or clinically measurable lesions or the measurement is not possible, as there should be evidence of recurrence. * if at least one (record as the longest diameter) can be accurately measured in at least one lesion that is defined. for each lesion, such as mri or ct, when measured by traditional methods should be at least 20mm spiral ct (spiral ct) have been measured to be less than 10mm when. * neutrophil (anc) by 1500 / ㎣ more platelet count 100,000 / ㎣ more serum creatinine concentration 1.5mg/dl (133mol / l) or creatinine clearance less than 60ml/min should be at least two. exclusion criteria: * patients must be at least 18 years of age. * patients with epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube cancer bokmakam or pathological diagnosis of recurrent states there must be must be present.

Keywords: recurrent ovarian ecg gog performance hematologic g blood chemistry and urinalysis h
a study looking at women's experiences after a miscarriage

Conditions: Miscarriage

Summary: studies have shown that a majority of pregnancies that end in miscarriage are due to a chromosome abnormality usually involving a duplicated or missing chromosome. often this happens by chance and is not likely to occur in future pregnancies. for many women, a miscarriage can be a traumatic experience and can cause feelings of loss and grief. the option of genetic testing, such as karyotyping, may offer an explanation for the miscarriage and may help some women find closure in their loss. however, no literature exists on a women's experience with genetic testing following a miscarriage. this assumption that the knowledge that can be gained from karyotyping may be a positive experience for a woman following a miscarriage should be studied and the results published. this study will address whether routine karyotyping should be offered following a miscarriage for the purpose of benefiting the patient's experience.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the inclusion criteria for this project will be females, 18 years or older, of any ethnicity that have had a 1st trimester miscarriage within the last one year, who currently reside in the us and have done so for the past one year. exclusion criteria: * exclusion criteria will be males, females younger than 18 years of age, females with a miscarriage over one year, non-us residents and us residents where the miscarriage occurred outside of the us.

Keywords: miscarriage karyotyping genetic testing
impact of cholesterol level on long-term coronary bypass graft patency

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease; Bypass Graft Stenosis; Dyslipidemias; Bypass Graft Occlusion; Coronary Bypass Graft Stenosis; Coronary Artery Stenosis; Hyperlipidemia; Hypercholesterolemia

Summary: this single-centre cross-sectional study aims to ascertain the impact of dyslipidemia on long-term graft patency after coronary artery bypass grafting (cabg).

all consecutive patients who underwent cabg from 1st january 2007 to 31st december 2008 at the prince of wales hospital were eligible for entry. graft patency will be determined by computed tomography coronary angiogram. the severity of stenosis will be classified by the fitzgibbon classification system. the levels of individual lipid profile subcomponents, namely ldl-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c), total cholesterol and triglycerides (tg) will be obtained. a plot of lipid profile subcomponent measurements against time will be compiled and the area under the curve is calculated to estimate gross exposure after cabg. average lipid exposure is calculated by dividing the gross exposure by the number of days lapsed between the first and last lipid profile measurements. the association between average cholesterol target attainment and graft patency will then be determined.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - all consecutive patients on record who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery in 2007 and 2008 exclusion criteria: * death * single vessel lima-lad anastomosis only * concomitant valve and aortic procedures * concomitant repair of post-infarct ventricular septal rupture * defaulted follow-up * informed consent cannot be obtained * intermediate to high risk for contrast nephropathy, defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 45 ml/min/1.73m2 or serum creatinine level \<1.5 mg/dl (based on american college of radiology criteria for diagnostic computed tomography risk) * pregnancy

Keywords: bypass graft failure dyslipidemia
bilevel positive airway pressure in cardiac surgery

Conditions: Cardiopathy; Surgery

Summary: the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of bilevel positive airway pressure (bipap) on variables clinics, cardiorespiratory and physical functional in patients undergoing cardiac surgery at the university hospital of santa maria.

this randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effects of bilevel positive airway pressure (bipap) in patients undergoing heart surgery of valve replacement and coronary artery bypass graft on the variables clinics, cardiorespiratory and physical functional.these individuals were randomized to compose the control group (gc) and the bipap group (gbipap). the routine physical therapy was performed in both groups and in the bipapg two daily sessions of 20 minutes were applied with positive expiratory pressure of 10cmh2o and inspiratory of 15cmh2o. to verify the effect of this intervention, before and after the protocol patients underwent the following evaluations: the 6-minute walk test (6mwt), the heart rate variability, the manovacuometry, and cirtometry in the axillary line, umbilical line and the xiphoid appendix.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hospitalized patients in preoperative for coronary artery bypass or valve replacement. exclusion criteria: * inability to understand or sign a free and informed consent form * chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) * cerebrovascular disease * musculoskeletal disease * chronic infectious disease * unstable angina * treatment with steroids, hormones or chemotherapy for cancer * prolonged mechanical ventilation * unable of maintaining airway patency * severe hemodynamic instability * abdominal distension or vomiting.

Keywords: thoracic surgery non-invasive ventilation physiotherapy