Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
cerebral, meningeal biopsy by flexible endoscopy in patients without neurological diagnosis

Conditions: Neurological Disease

Summary: the investigators will take cerebral and subarachnoid biopsy by flexible endoscopy in patients without neurological findings. the investigators will use retrospective and prospective patients.

test the useful of the flexible endoscopy in patients without neurological diagnosis. developed a diagnosis method for idiopathic neurological findings. compare the cerebral and subarachnoid biopsy each other

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with neurological disease and with out diagnosis exclusion criteria: * death of the patient * patients with neurological diagnosis

Keywords: cerebral and subarachnoid biopsy flexible endoscopy patients with neurological findings without diagnosis.
rank-ligand inhibition to combat sarcopenia with underlying osteoporosis

Conditions: Sarcopenia in Elderly

Summary: the objective of this study was to conduct a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy active controlled trial to determine the efficacy of denosumab in treating sarcopenia with underlying osteoporosis.

aims: 1. to assess whether receptor activator of nuclear factor-kb ligand (rankl)-inhibition can treat sarcopenia in osteosarcopenic patients, in terms of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (asm), handgrip strength, and physical performance. 2. to assess whether rankl-inhibition improves quality of life, and decreases falls, fractures, hospital admissions and mortality in osteosarcopenic patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elderly males or females aged 65 years or older * diagnosed with osteosarcopenia (sarcopenia diagnosis based on awgs 2019 guidelines - low appendicular skeletal muscle mass (asm) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (dxa) (m:\&lt;7.0kg/m2, f:\&lt;5.4kg/m2) and low handgrip strength (m:\&lt;28kg, f:\&lt;18kg) or low physical performance (6-metre walk: \&lt;1.0m/s or 5-time chair stand test ≥ 12 s); osteoporosis diagnosed based on world health organization (who) criteria with dxa scan t-score ≤ -2.5) * willing and able to comply with study protocol including follow-up evaluations. exclusion criteria: * history of recent fracture i.e., within 3 months * history of prior anti-osteoporotic drug * disease or medication affecting bone or muscle metabolism * chairbound or bedbound * unable to agree for consent * contraindication to drug i.e., denosumab or zoledronic acid * underlying malignancy or disease known to cause cachexia * severe renal impairment e.g., creatinine clearance (crcl) \&lt; 35ml/min * moderate to severe liver failure (child-pugh class b or c).
spices for cultivating a healthy gut microbiome and cardiometabolic profile

Conditions: Cardiometabolic Syndrome

Summary: among food products receiving attention for prebiotic functionality, spices represent a flavorful vehicle for cultivating a healthy gut microbiota. as the required doses of spice-derived polyphenols to elicit prebiotic and systemic metabolic effects are not well-characterized, additional research is warranted. thus, the investigators propose to use a food-first synbiotic (prebiotic + probiotic) approach to examine alterations in the gut microbiota pre- and post-intervention/placebo and their relationship with systemic cardiometabolic effects mediated by short chain fatty acids (scfa) and gut-derived metabolites.

study will be conducted as a single blind, randomized crossover design with a 4-week arm (placebo or control) followed by a 2-week washout period and another 4-week arm (placebo or control).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * post-menopausal women ages 50-69y with a bmi of 18.5 - 34.9 kg/m2 exclusion criteria: * dx - diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, type 1 or 2 diabetes, liver disease, cancer, endocrine disorders, or inflammatory condition such as rheumatoid arthritis. * gi - history of gastrointestinal surgery, irritable bowel syndrome, intestinal bowel disease, or other gastrointestinal distress such as chronic diarrhea, bulimia, anorexia, or frequent laxative use * rx or supplements - actively taking steroids or antibiotics in the previous two to three months, or currently using tobacco products, \> 10% weight loss or gain in the last 6 months, unwilling to stop taking prebiotic/probiotic or fiber supplements * dietary - adherence to a high fiber/polyphenol rich diet, have an allergy, aversion, or intolerance to food and spices provided in this study
saving life and limb: fes for the elderly with pad

Conditions: Peripheral Arterial Disease

Summary: this study will take the first step to improve public health for millions of americans with peripheral arterial disease who have extreme difficulty walking due to leg pain. the investigators will assess a proof of concept, home administered, functional electrical stimulation (fes) system to resolve pain, improve walking, and enhance quality of life.

this study will evaluate an innovative approach to reduce the debilitating symptoms of peripheral arterial disease (pad) and ischemic pain during walking (intermittent claudication) by using a new functional electrical stimulation (fes) system. the investigators hypothesize that combining the fes and walking one hour/day (fes+walk) will significantly reduce pain during walking, improve locomotion, and enhance quality of life when compared to walking one hour/day (walk) alone after 8 weeks of intervention.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients who: 1. are ambulatory, community dwelling adults with evidence of pad including ankle/brachial index abi=0.4-0.9 2. have symptom severity of fontaine stage ii-iii 3. have a score of 24 or higher on the folstein mini mental test 4. have visible muscle contraction of the plantar flexor (pf) and dorsiflexor (df) muscles using fes exclusion criteria: patients who: 1. have an electronic implanted stimulator such as pacemaker, defibrillator, deep brain stimulator, spinal cord stimulator 2. are pregnant 3. cannot walk without a walker or require human assistance to walk, 4. present with arthritis or neurological damage resulting in paresis or paralysis of the lower extremity 5. have skin lesion(s) on the legs where the fes is placed

Keywords: intermittent claudication functional electrical stimulation
the efficacy of a ragt & bwstt on children with cp

Conditions: Cerebral Palsy

Summary: this study compared the effects of robotic-assisted gait training (ragt) and body weight support treadmill training (bwstt) on spatio-temporal gait parameters and walking capacity among ambulatory children with bilateral cerebral palsy (cp)

demographic data were collected from patient medical records in the physiotherapy clinic at king abdullah specialist children's hospital and by completing the screening sheet . there were two intervention groups in this study. the first group received robotic-assisted gait training (ragt), while the second group received body weight support treadmill training (bwstt). all participants from both intervention groups performed the home exercise program. all participants received 24 sessions three times per week over 8 weeks. some participants were absent from some treatment sessions, either because they were suffering from flu, for reasons related to school, or other reasons. these participants were compensated with other sessions. outcome measurements were assessed by a physiotherapist blinded to the group allocations. a physiotherapist assessed the participants at baseline and after treatment (at the end of 8 weeks)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children aged from 5 to 14 years with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (cp) diagnosed by a pediatrician. * gross motor function classifications (gmfcs); levels i (walks without limitation), ii (walks with limitation), and iii (walks using assistive devices). * able to follow instructions and accurately signal pain and discomfort. * hip and knee passive range of motion (rom) within the minimum range requirement for robotic-assisted gait training (ragt) (≤ 10⁰ for hip and knee flexion contracture and ≤ 40⁰ for knee valgus). exclusion criteria: * botox injection for lower limb within the past 4 to 6 months. * surgical intervention for lower limbs within an 8-month period before the examination date, including tendon release and muscle lengthening in a 1-year period prior to bone surgery. * children using an active drug for resisting epilepsy. * anatomical leg length difference greater than 2 centimeters (due to the limitations of the ragt system). * bone-articular instability (joint dislocation). * fixed joint contractures (bone and joint deformity). * baclofen therapy with the use of an implanted infusion pump. * inhibited cast for a lower limb within 6 months of the study. * significant amblyopia and hearing loss. * skin inflammation and open skin lesion around the limb or trunk. * significant impairments in endurance due to a limitation in the cardiovascular system based on the patient's history. * maximum child weight is 135 kilograms and maximum height is 2.0 meters.

Keywords: children cerebral palsy robotic-assisted gait training body weight-supported treadmill training spatio-temporal gait parameters
fast spectral imaging device for tumor margin mapping

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: the objective of the proposed research is to develop a clinical-trial-ready device and to evaluate its practical utility as a routinely used intra-operative tool. our multidisciplinary group has previously shown that optical techniques can effectively discriminate between malignant and non-malignant breast tissues. the proposed technology will be a multi-channel optical assay device for intra-operative imaging of margins in specimens excised from patients undergoing breast conserving surgery (partial mastectomy) or mastectomy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing a partial mastectomy or mastectomy for the treatment of an invasive or non-invasive breast malignancy * age \> 18 * clinically detectable disease either by physical examination or radiographic studies * patients of all ethnic and gender groups will be included. protocol accrual will be reviewed annually to include a determination of minority and gender representation. if accrual demonstrates under representation of any group with comparison to disease incidence in that group, appropriate measures will be undertaken to increase participation of patients of that minority or gender group. * ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document exclusion criteria: * patients considered in "vulnerable" populations

Keywords: breast cancer breast carcinoma in situ ductal breast carcinoma in situ invasive carcinoma invasive ductal carcinoma invasive lobular carcinoma
compassion meditation and relieflink app for suicidal, low-income, african americans

Conditions: Suicidal Ideation

Summary: the purpose of this study is to conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial (rct) with low-income, suicidal african american women and men that compares the relative effectiveness of compassion meditation (cm) versus a support group (sg) .

the purpose of this study is to conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial (rct) with low-income, suicidal african american women and men that compares the relative effectiveness of compassion meditation (cm) versus a support group (sg) for (1) reducing psychological distress (suicidal ideation, depressive symptoms, and shame); (2) bolstering interpersonal connectedness; and (3) enhancing self-compassion and mindfulness. it is hypothesized that at post-intervention and follow-up, compared to individuals in the sg, those in the cm intervention will endorse less psychological distress (suicidal ideation, depressive symptoms, and shame), more interpersonal connectedness, and greater levels of self-compassion and mindfulness.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * self-identify as african american or black * speak english * present to medical and psychiatric emergency rooms at grady health system following a suicide attempt * moderate level of intent associated with the attempt (ssi \>= 8 required) * mini mental state exam (mmse) score \> 22 exclusion criteria: * significant cognitive impairments (mmse \< 22) * active psychosis (diagnosed based on psychotic screen (ps)) * imminently life-threatening medical condition

Keywords: meditation african american randomized controlled trial
a 30 day study to evaluate efficacy and safety of pre-hospital vs. in-hospital initiation of ticagrelor therapy in stemi patients planned for percutaneous coronary intervention (pci)

Conditions: Myocardial Infarction; Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)

Summary: the aim of this study is to determine whether initiation of ticagrelor as early as in the ambulance setting leads to a rapid reperfusion of the infarct-related artery therefore facilitating the percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) and optimizing the outcome for the patient. the study will assess the efficacy and safety of pre-hospital compared to in-hospital administration of ticagrelor in co-administration with aspirin, on restoring the blood flow in the occluded heart artery and improving the myocardial perfusion in patients suffering from myocardial infarction and planned to have a pci. patients can be randomised in either one of the 2 arms: re-hospital ticagrelor arm: patients will receive a loading dose of 180 mg ticagrelor for the pre-hospital administration and placebo for in-hospital administration. or in-hospital ticagrelor arm: patients will receive a placebo for pre-hospital administration and 180 mg ticagrelor loading dose for in-hospital administration. patients are initially managed by ambulance physician/personnel in pre hospital settings. they are then transferred into a catheterization room to undergo a pci. after the administration of the loading dose of ticagrelor (double blind), patients will continue on ticagrelor 90 mg bid and be followed in study for 30 days post randomisation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women must not be of child-bearing potential (1 year post-menopausal or surgically sterile). * symptoms of acute mi of more than 30 min but less than 6 hours * new persistent st-segment elevation ≥ 1 mm in two or more contiguous electrocardiogram (ecg) leads. exclusion criteria: * expected time to 1st pci balloon inflation in the hospital, from the qualifying ecg is more than 120 minutes * contraindication to ticagrelor (refer to smpc) * concomitant medication that may increase the risk of bleeding \[e.g non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids), oral anticoagulant and / or fibrinolytics, planned or administered 24 hours before randomization\] * any of the following conditions in the absence of a functioning implanted pacemaker: known sss, second or third degree avb, or documented syncope of suspected bradycardic origin.

Keywords: heart attack heart disease cardiovascular disease stroke reperfusion pre hospital settings ticagrelor percutaneous coronary intervention
diabetic patients,self-efficacy,self-care behaviors,artificial intelligence-based

Conditions: Diabetic Patients,Self-Care,Artificial Intelligence-Based,Self-Efficacy; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

Summary: this study employed an experimental research design using a randomized controlled trial methodology. group allocation was performed randomly by generating serial numbers through a computer. participants were then randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group by placing the serial numbers into opaque envelopes and selecting envelopes in random order as patients arrived for appointments. the experimental group received conventional face-to-face education in addition to participating in the "diabetes smart assistant" line@ diabetes education robot program. education was delivered individually in a one-on-one manner. researchers spent 15 minutes instructing participants on the operation and usage of the line@ diabetes education robot program, followed by educational content delivery. educational sessions lasted for 30 minutes on the day of enrollment, and 15 minutes each at the 3rd and 6th months of enrollment, totaling three one-on-one educational sessions. additionally, participants received telephone consultations for follow-up during the enrollment period. telephone education sessions were conducted in the first week of enrollment, the second month, and the fourth month, each lasting 10 minutes, totaling three sessions. the control group received routine education and had follow-up visits every three months for one-on-one education. data collection for both groups occurred at the time of enrollment, and at the 3rd and 6th months of enrollment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. diagnosed with type 2 diabetes by a physician and enrolled as a patient in the diabetes collaborative care network. 2. aged 18 years or older. 3. owns a smartphone and agrees to join the "diabetes smart helper" line@ diabetes health education chatbot application. 4. hba1c level greater than 7.0% (as referenced in changsieng et al., 2023; selçuk-tosun \& zincir, 2019). exclusion criteria: 1. patients undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. 2. patients diagnosed with mental illness. 3. illiterate patients.
ultrasound guided bilateral erector spinae plane block versus tumescent anesthesia

Conditions: Breast Hypertrophy; Pain, Postoperative

Summary: in breast reduction surgery, pain control is usually performed with tumescent anesthesia, thoracic epidural anesthesia, intercostal nerve blocks and paravertebral block applications. tumescent anesthesia is also preferred by plastic surgeons because of the varying risk of thoracic epidural anesthesia and paravertebral block applications. after the erector spinae block was first described by forero in 2016, it was reported to have been applied in many cases, including breast surgery. it is considered to be a safer block because of the presence of paravertebral block-like activity and the location where the needle is guided away from the pleura. the investigators aimed to compare postoperative analgesia consumption, pain scores and patient satisfaction of erector spine block with tumescent anesthesia in patients who underwent reduction mammoplasty operation under general anesthesia in this double-blind prospective randomized study.

patients aged 18-65 years undergoing bilateral reduction mammoplasty. patients were randomly divided into two groups with closed envelope to perform tumescent anesthesia and erector spinae block. all patients were premedicated with oral midazolam 0.5 mg/ kg preoperatively. all patients received standard general anesthesia protocol as induction with 2-3 mg/kg iv propofol and 1-1.5 mcg/kg fentanyl and 0.6 mg/kg iv rocuronium. endotracheal intubations were performed 7.0 or 7.5 endotracheal tubes with the patient in a supine position. anesthesia maintenance was with sevoflurane 0.5/kg/mg remifentanil infusion and in a 50% o2 -50% air mixture. standard monitoring of the patients included of heart rate, invasive systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure and peripheral oxygen saturation and the operating times were recorded. at approximately 30 minutes before the end of surgery, 8mg dexketoprofen iv was administered to all patients. at the end of the operation, all the patients were performed with iv pca(patient controlled analgesia). demographic data such as age, weight, and height of the patients were recorded. after patients informed about pain score nrs (numeric pain rating scale) and patient satisfaction score ( one to ten) recorded by the nurse of pacu and ward.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: the american society of anesthesiologists physical status classification i-iii undergoing reduction mammoplasty exclusion criteria: history of allergic reactions to local anesthetics rash or infection at the injection site anatomical abnormality bleeding diatheses coagulopathy liver diseases
the safety and effectiveness of two forms of saquinavir combined with other anti-hiv drugs in hiv-infected infants and children

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: to determine the pharmacokinetic properties, tolerance and safety of 2 formulations of saquinavir, given in combination with 2 nucleoside antiretroviral drugs (part 1) or in combination with nelfinavir and nucleoside antiretroviral drugs (part 2), in hiv-infected infants and children.

this phase i/ii study will be conducted in 2 parts each lasting at least 24 weeks. pharmacokinetics and safety data for part 1, a treatment regimen containing saquinavir and nucleoside antiretrovirals, will be collected for 8 weeks before proceeding to part 2. during the first 8 weeks, pharmacokinetic data will be analyzed to allow dose adjustments for individual patients and to confirm the starting dose estimates for part 2. in addition, safety data will be reviewed to ensure that saquinavir is well tolerated with nucleoside antiretrovirals before it is combined with a second protease inhibitor. in part 2, saquinavir will be combined with nelfinavir, a protease inhibitor recently approved for use in children. the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of these drugs in combination will be determined.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria patients must have: * hiv infection according to standard definitions employed by the pediatric aids clinical trials group. * laboratory evidence of immunosuppression (centers for disease control and prevention \[cdc\] categories 2 and 3), or symptomatic hiv disease (cdc categories a, b, and c). * at least 4 patients (2 in each parts 1 and 2) will be enrolled in each of three age strata: * 6 months to 2 years; greater than 2 years to 6 years; and greater than 6 years to 13 years. note: * for the purposes of analysis only, patients will be stratified by age. 1. patients must be protease inhibitor therapy naive. * antiretroviral agents other than those prescribed by the investigator. * biologic response modifiers (other than erythropoietin, g-csf, short course \[\<14 days\] corticosteroids, or intravenous immune globulin). * other investigational drugs. * drugs known to significantly interact with saquinavir and/or nelfinavir. patients must be protease inhibitor therapy naive.

Keywords: drug therapy, combination hiv protease inhibitors dosage forms saquinavir nelfinavir anti-hiv agents
orthosis to improve trunk control in infants age 6-18 months

Conditions: Cerebral Palsy

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the spio® core-max® expedition orthosis on an infant's head, trunk and upper limb function.

this study will observe the difference in outcomes between two courses of standard clinical care: therapy or therapy with the spio® core-max® expedition orthosis. families will self-select that standard care option that works best for their family, and outcomes will be observed at baseline, 3 months and 6 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * study subjects aged 6 months to 18 months age corrected with abnormal muscle tone * no previous use of spio® or similar lycra/compression garments * assessed by provider as likely to benefit from use of compression garment exclusion criteria: * non-english speaking * inability for family to bring study subject to assessments * orthosis or casting that contraindicate spio® core-max® during the study period * botulinum toxin injections within 3 months, or during study participation * having prior orthopedic or neurosurgery surgeries within one year

Keywords: abnormal muscle tone cerebral palsy hypotonia muscle tone spasticity