Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
ultralow dose computed tomography in high-risk drug-resistant tuberculosis contacts

Conditions: Latent Tuberculosis

Summary: to evaluate ct abnormalities in the lung parenchyma in close contacts at high risk for developing multidrug- or extensively drug-resistant tb by using a follow-up ultralow dose ct scan.

multidrug- or extensively resistant tuberculosis tuberculosis is a major public health threat worldwide and the global burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis is increasing. drug-resistant tuberculosis is associated with long period and high costs for treatment, high rates of default, treatment failure and death. drug-resistant tuberculosis should be diagnosed rapidly so as to reduce potential transmission. in the united states, at least one-fifths cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis can be linked to transmission. close contacts to drug-resistant tuberculosis are at high risk for being transmitted and developing drug-resistant tuberculosis. there are two options suggested for close contacts to drug-resistant tuberculosis: preventive therapy and close observation. but both strategies are lack of sufficient evidence. ultralow chest ct scan may be an alternative for early identification and risk stratification of developing active tuberculosis in close contacts to drug-resistant tuberculosis with minimal radiation exposure similar to that of chest x-ray.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * individuals who had household contact with or who had worked in the same rooms as patients with smear-positive, culture-proven multidrug-or extensively drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis for longer than 8 hours per day * older than 20 years exclusion criteria: * pregnant women * individuals with abnormality on chest x-ray suspected of active tuberculosis

Keywords: pulmonary tuberculosis chest ultralow dose computed tomography
study of safety and efficacy of pf-04991532 in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Conditions: Diabetes, Type 2

Summary: b2611002 is designed to study how safe and effective an investigational medication (pf-04991532) is in people with type 2 diabetes. subjects in the study will receive 1 of 5 treatments for 3 months. one of the treatments will be sitagliptin which is an approved drug, and another treatment will be placebo, which does not contain active ingredient.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: subjects with type 2 diabetes on stable doses of background medicines for management of diabetes; aged 18-70 years; body mass index between 22.5 and 45.5 kg/m2 exclusion criteria: subjects with type 1 diabetes, heart attack or stroke in the past 6 months, uncontrolled blood pressure, significant kidney disease.

Keywords: phase 2 safety and efficacy study with pf-04991532 type 2 diabetes
68ga-dotatate pet scan imaging in patients with neuroendocrine tumors

Conditions: Neuroendocrine; Neuroendocrine Tumor; Neuroendocrine Cancer; Neuroendocrine Carcinoma; Carcinoid; Carcinoid Tumor; Islet Cell Tumor; Apudoma

Summary: neuroendocrine cancer is an unusual disease and often goes undetected by routine imaging. the 68ga-dotatate pet scan is a novel scanning method that may have improved sensitivity and resolution specifically for neuroendocrine tumors. patients with neuroendocrine tumors will be imaged with this agent and it will be compared to conventional imaging methods to determine the safety and efficacy of this radiopharmaceutical.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * known diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor or suspected sstr positive tumors by 111in-octreotide scan, 18fdg-pet, or mri of the abdomen where clinically indicated * at least 18 years of age * able to provide informed consent * karnofsky performance score greater than 50 * females of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test at screening/baseline exclusion criteria: * serum creatinine \> 2.0 mg/dl * hepatic enzyme levels more than 3 times upper limit of normal * known severe allergy or hypersensitivity to iv radiographic contrast * use of any other investigational product or device within 30 days prior to dosing, or known requirement for any other investigational agent prior to completion of all scheduled study assessments * patients with a body weight of 400 pounds or more or not able to enter the bore of the pet/ct scanner due to bmi, because of the compromise in image quality with ct, pet/ct, and mri that will result * inability to lie still for the entire imaging time (e.g. cough, severe arthritis, etc.) * inability to complete the needed investigational standard-of-care imaging examinations due to other reasons (severe claustrophobia, radiation phobia, etc.) * recognized concurrent active infection * previous systemic or radiation treatment for another cancer of any type within the last 2 years * any additional medical condition, serious intercurrent illness, or other extenuating circumstance that, in the opinion of the investigator, may significantly interfere with study compliance

Keywords: gallium ga pet scan
a double-blind placebo controlled trial of sentra pm, a medical food

Conditions: Sleep Disorder

Summary: this is a double blind placebo controlled study of one hundred and four subjects which will be randomized for treatment with sentra pm alone, sentra pm with trazadone, trazadone alone and placebo alone. twenty -six subjects will be randomly placed in one of the four groups. each of the one hundred and four subjects will undergo baseline examination to include a sleep study questionnaires and 24- hour electrocardiographic recording. the one hundred and four subjects will then be randomly placed in one of the four groups.

sentra pm can induce restorative sleep compared to placebo, and as good as a sleep drug (trazadone) in subjects experiencing non-restorative sleep. sentra pm taken with trazadone works better than either product alone. twenty-six subjects will be randomized to a two week ingestion of sentra pm at bedtime, twenty-six subjects will be randomized to a two week ingestion of trazadone at bedtime, twenty-six subjects will be randomized to a two week ingestion of sentra pm with trazadone at bedtime and twenty -six subjects will be randomized to a two week ingestion of placebo at bedtime. each morning after ingestion of either active product or placebo, the subject will fill out sleep questionnaires. on the fourteenth day of ingestion, a repeat 24-hour ecg examination will be performed on all one hundred and four subjects and each subject will give a second blood sample for analysis. on the morning of the 14th day of ingestion the final sleep questionnaires will be completed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males and females over the age of 18 and below age 65. * patients with a history of a sleep disturbance with non-restorative sleep defined by perceived increase in sleep latency or morning/daytime grogginess. exclusion criteria: * subjects who have previously taken gabadone, sentrapm or trazadone. * subjects who are currently taking tricyclic anti-depressants. * any blood chemistry anomalies the investigator finds that may put the patient at risk or invalidate study results. * pregnant or lactating females. * subjects with implanted pacemakers or other implanted electrical devices
association of cystatin c and bone mineral density in diabetic patients.

Conditions: Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: type 1 diabetes is associated with low bone mineral density(bmd) and type 2 diabetes with normal or high bmd. cystatin c is a small molecule that is used to measure kidney function but it's not a troponin of the kidney. it has been associated with many other diseases like atrial fibrillation, depressive symptoms, melanoma, etc. this crossectional clinical study was done to evaluate the association between cystatin c and bone mineral density in both types of diabetic patients.

this is a cross-sectional study of adults with diabetes to determine the association of cystatin c with bone mineral density(bmd). all the inpatient in the department of endocrinology and metabolism in the fifth affiliated hospital of sun yat-sen university will be screened for 5 to 6 months. those satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be included in the study after signing the informed consent. the patient's blood will be withdrawn in the morning after 8 hours of fasting and sent to the laboratory of the hospital for blood lipids, hba1c, urinary albumin creatinine ratio, uric acid, ggt, vitamin d, calcium, cystatin c, βserum collagen type 1 cross-linked c-telopeptide(βctx),procollagen type i n-terminal propeptide( p1np), phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase. smoking habits, duration of diabetes, diabetes medications, and fracture history will be asked. the history of smoking is classified as 1. non-smokers: subjects who have never smoked any products (cigarettes, pipes or cigars) during their lifetime; 2. smoking cessation: a person who smokes one or more products but stops smoking at least one month prior to the baseline survey; 3. current smokers: a subject or any other product that smokes at least one cigarette per day. the pelvic bmd, vertebral body bmd will be measured in the physical examination department of the hospital and divided into normal, osteopenia, osteoporosis. all covariates will be extracted to spss v.23 for statistical analysis to evaluate the association of cystatin c and bmd.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 1 or type 2 diabetes male / female, older than 50 years old. exclusion criteria: * use of any drug that affects bone metabolism (bisphosphonate, denosumab, teriparatide, steroids, anticancer drugs, thyroid hormones, antidepressants, antiretrovirals, calcium, vitamins a/d) * any disease affecting bone minerals (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, parathyroid disease, cushing's disease, rickets/osteomalacia, collagen disorders, rheumatoid arthritis) * kidney disease, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio greater than 30 mg / g or gfr \<60ml / min / 1.73m2.
evaluation of video laryngoscopy in patients with head and neck pathology

Conditions: Difficult Intubation

Summary: patients who undergo general anesthesia for surgical procedures frequently need to have a breathing tube placed ("tracheal intubation") for the duration of the procedure. most often airway management is routine for an experienced anesthesiologist. less often, airway management can be difficult and can result in patient harm. in order to reduce risk, anesthesiologists routinely evaluate patients' airways by obtaining a relevant history and doing a physical exam, which can aid in predicting which airways may be difficult to manage. the "gold standard" for management of the anticipated difficult airway is to perform an awake flexible bronchoscopic intubation after anesthetizing the airway with local anesthesia. this affords added safety because the airway remains patent and the patient breaths spontaneously until a tracheal tube is secured, at which point general anesthesia can be induced. recently, authors have advocated for alternative methods of management of the predicted difficult airway, most commonly by using a video laryngoscope to perform the awake intubation. a video laryngoscope provides an indirect view of the larynx using a camera at the tip of a rigid laryngoscope. it takes less training to gain and maintain proficiency compared to flexible bronchoscopy. previous studies that have shown successful awake intubation with video laryngoscopy in the predicted difficult airway have not included patients with head and neck pathology, including malignancies or a history of head and neck surgery or radiation. in this study, the study team will perform video laryngoscopy in patients with head and neck pathology who require awake bronchoscopic intubation for surgery after placement of the tracheal tube and induction of anesthesia. the study team hypothesize that it will be difficult to obtain a good view of the larynx with video laryngoscopy in some patients with head and neck pathology. if there is a significant incidence of difficult video laryngoscopy in this patient population, it will reinforce that anesthesiologists need to continue to learn and maintain skills in bronchoscopic intubation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age\> 18 years old * presence of oral, pharyngeal or laryngeal mass or history of surgery or radiation for head and neck cancer * requiring awake flexible bronchoscopic intubation for surgery * willing and able to provide informed consent exclusion criteria: * emergency procedure * presence of one or more loose teeth

Keywords: head and neck cancer cancer of oral cavity ear, nose and throat indirect laryngoscopy awake intubation expected difficult intubation
sv2a in older adults

Conditions: Cannabis Use

Summary: the aim of the study is to examine the effect of cannabis use on brain synaptic density among older adults using \[11c\]ucb-j pet imaging.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * able to provide informed consent * male or female, aged ≥50 years * no history of significant medical or neurological disease * bmi ≤ 50 * if woman of childbearing potential, must agree to use an acceptable method of birth control, as determined by the principal investigator, for the duration of the study and up to one month after completion of pet scans exclusion criteria: * women with a positive pregnancy test or women who are lactating * have had exposure to ionizing radiation that in combination with the study tracer would result in a cumulative exposure that exceeds recommended exposure limits; * history of a bleeding disorder or are currently taking anticoagulants * subjects who have donated blood within 8 weeks of the present study
the national colorectal cancer cohort (ncrcc) study: national colorectal cancer research consortium

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer

Summary: ncrcc study is a national prospective cohort study including colorectal cancer screening population and stage ⅰ-ⅳ colorectal cancer patients.

ncrcc study is a large-scale multicenter study which includes 16 hospitals and research centers, establishing a national cohort which consists of two subcohorts (crc screening cohort and colorectal cancer patient cohort). 1. to assess risk factors for colorectal cancer and evaluate risk prediction model of colorectal cancer to identify the high-risk population. 2. to discover, test and validate new biological markers (e.g. genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, metabolomics, proteomic and metagenomics biomarkers) for early diagnosis, prediction of clinical outcomes (e.g. therapeutic response, toxicity, surgical complications) and survivorship endpoints (e.g. recurrence, survival, quality of life, second primary cancer). 3. to estimate associations of epidemiological determinants (e.g. medication and supplement use, diet, lifestyle pattern) with clinical outcomes and survivorship endpoints among crc patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men and women * mentally/physically able to consent and participate * subjects aged ≥18 years old (colorectal cancer patient cohort, crcpc), age 40-74 years (crc screening cohort, crcsc) * newly-diagnosed colon and rectal cancer for stages ⅰ-ⅳ (crcpc) exclusion criteria: * a history of colorectal cancer or bowel resection * non-chinese speaking

Keywords: colorectal cancer cohort study crc screening
safety, tolerability and efficacy of avp-786 for the treatment of disinhibition

Conditions: Disinhibition Syndrome

Summary: treatment of disinhibition syndrome in participants with neurodegenerative disorder.

eligible participants for this study must have a diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorder and must exhibit disinhibition syndrome of sufficient severity to warrant treatment. this is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study consisting of two 6-week treatment periods. approximately 12 participants will be enrolled at approximately 2 centers in the united states. following screening procedures for assessment of inclusion and exclusion criteria, eligible participants will be randomized into the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * documented diagnosis of a neurodegenerative disorder including frontotemporal dementia, alzheimer's disease (ad), progressive supranuclear palsy (psp), corticobasal degeneration (cbd), dementia with lewy bodies (dbl), vascular cognitive disorders, or huntington's disease, at least 3 months prior to baseline * the participant has behavior from 2 of the 3 categories of disinhibited behavior from the definition of the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia * the behavioral changes are not due to a pre-existing major psychiatric disorder (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disease, etc.) and are not due to the direct effect of systemic illness, drug action, or substance use * disinhibition scale score of ≥4 on the 3 core disinhibition items of the frontal behavioral inventory (fbi) at screening and baseline exclusion criteria: * participants with symptoms of disinhibition that is not secondary to neurodegenerative disorders * participants with myasthenia gravis * participants with co-existent clinically significant or unstable systemic diseases that could confound the interpretation of the safety results of the study (e.g., malignancy \[except skin basal-cell carcinoma or untreated prostate cancer\], poorly controlled diabetes, poorly controlled hypertension, unstable pulmonary, renal or hepatic disease, unstable ischemic cardiac disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, or unstable valvular heart disease)

Keywords: disinhibition
nutritional supplements in patients with anorexia nervosa

Conditions: Anorexia Nervosa

Summary: anorexia nervosa causes gastroparesis, constipation, and can lead to elevated liver enzymes. it is often necessary to supplement the diet of patients with nutritional formulas. the ingestion of a peptide formula, with partially hydrolyzed protein and rich in medium chain triglycerides, could favor its digestion and absorption, improving its tolerance and acceptance by the patient, compared to a polymeric formula.

main objective: • to compare the digestive tolerance of an oligomeric nutritional supplement with respect to a polymeric nutritional supplement in a group of patients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa under follow-up by the nutrition unit. secondary objectives: * assess the gastrointestinal tolerance of the oral nutritional supplement on a single occasion with respect to a continuous intake over a period of 4 weeks. * evaluate the impact of oral nutritional supplementation on nutritional status over a four-week period. * evaluate the impact of oral nutritional supplementation on the functional capacity of the patient in a period of four weeks. * evaluate the impact of oral nutritional supplementation on the patient's body composition over a four-week period. * evaluate the impact of oral nutritional supplementation on the quality of life of the patient in a period of four weeks. * evaluate the impact of oral nutritional supplementation on the depressive and anxious symptoms of the patient in a period of four weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female participants, ≥ 12 y ≤ 40 years of age at screening * diagnosed of anorexy nervous according to dsm-5 * appropiate cultural level \& understanding of the clinical study * to be in agreement in participate voluntarily in the study and written informed consent must be obtained from the participants. * females who are non-pregnant and non-lactating women or women who have given birth at least six weeks before to the screening visit. exclusion criteria: * allergy or intolerance to any component of the products under study. * participation in a concomitant trial that conflicts with this study * doesn't sign the informed consent

Keywords: anorexia nervosa malnutrition oligomeric formula polymeric formula digestive tolerance body composition functional capacity quality of life anxiety depression
adherence support intervention for persons living with hiv/aids (plwha) on antiretroviral therapy (art) in estonia

Conditions: HIV; AIDS; Medication Adherence

Summary: the specific aim of the study is to assess antiretroviral therapy adherence and evaluate the impact of a situated treatment adherence intervention program among persons living with hiv/aids on antiretroviral therapy in estonia.

specific antiretroviral therapy (art) can suppress hiv replication and consequently preserve the functioning of immune system. art is a lifelong treatment with several different concomitantly administered oral medications. according to studies, low adherence to treatment is directly related to knowledge and beliefs about art. studies have shown the success of different interventions increasing adherence to art, but additional studies need to be carried out in order to determine the most effective components of the interventions and the methods most suitable considering the local context, that could be easily incorporated into the working routine of an medical institution (clinic) with limited extra resources. primary locations to implement activities directed at improving treatment adherence are medical institutions, i.e. the departments of infectious diseases where persons living with hiv/aids receive their art. the aim of the study is to conduct a small-scale intervention (randomised controlled) study implementing a brief adherence counseling targeting persons receiving art.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hiv infected * aware of the hiv-positive status for at least 3 months * ≥ 18 years of age * speak and read either estonian or russian * receive or start (on recruitment date) antiretroviral therapy exclusion criteria: * pregnant * under the influence of alcohol or (illicit)drugs

Keywords: antiretroviral therapy adherence intervention
rehabilitating muscle after intensive care

Conditions: Recovery From Critical Illness

Summary: the study will examine the effect of amino acid supplements and enhanced physiotherapy on physical recovery following critical illness in intensive care.

critically ill patients aged 45 years and over will be recruited during recovery after intensive care. using a randomised controlled, blind at follow-up design the study will examine whether the combination of an amino acid supplement and an enhanced physiotherapy programme improve the rehabilitation of muscle following intensive care better than a self-guided rehabilitation programme alone or with either an amino acid supplement or the enhanced physiotherapy programme. the primary efficacy outcome will be the improvement in six minute walking test measured at 3 months post intensive care discharge. secondary efficacy parameters will be insulin resistance, health related quality of life and muscle mass using dexa scanning at 3 months and 1 year post intensive care discharge.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 45 years of age and over with an intensive care stay of five days or more exclusion criteria: * physically not capable of engaging with the practical requirements of the study

Keywords: rehabilitation intensive care critical illness physiotherapy nutritional supplementation
a study of bms-562086 in patients with irritable bowel syndrome

Conditions: Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Summary: the primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of bms-562086 on small bowel and colonic transits in female subjects with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (d-ibs)


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female subjects with d-ibs symptoms based on rome ii criteria and the subject's responses to the bowel disease questionnaire exclusion criteria: * clinically significant prolonged diarrhea with dehydration requiring iv fluid within 60 days prior to baseline visit

Keywords: diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome