Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
inhalation of low concentration of co2 in preterm infants not responding to caffeine for the treatment of apnea

Conditions: Apnea of Prematurity

Summary: in premature infants, apnea of prematurity is one of their major clinical problems. caffeine is currently a worldwide therapy to reduce the number and severity of these apneas. this practice has shown to be safe on cognitive and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 21 months of age. however, caffeine is not 100% effective, and may have little effect on hypoxemia and bradycardia. infants with intractable apneas unresponsive to caffeine treatment may require endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. this procedure is invasive and has been associated with complications and increased risk for chronic lung disease and adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. therefore, an alternative treatment modality would be preferable if it would prevent the infants from requiring endotracheal intubation. the investigators have been testing the overall hypothesis that small concentrations of inhaled co2 (\~1%) are effective in treating apnea of prematurity. the investigators have completed three studies in preterm infants showing that inhalation of low concentration of co2, in infants not on caffeine, regularize breathing and decrease apneas significantly. the effects of inhalation of co2 in infants already on caffeine, are unknown. the hypothesis to be tested is that inhalation of low concentration co2 (1%) will significantly reduce apnea in infants treated with caffeine. the investigators have three specific aims in this proposal. 1) the investigators want to know if the apnea rate (number of apneas of ≥5 seconds/hour) is decreased with co2 inhalation in preterm infants already on caffeine for the treatment of apnea of prematurity; 2) the investigators want to know whether inhalation of co2 can make breathing more regular with less apneic time and whether it decreases prolonged apneas (\>20 seconds) in infants already on caffeine for the treatment of apnea of prematurity; 3) the investigators want to assess the effect of inhalation of low concentration of co2 on the regional oxygen saturation of the brain measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (nirs) during apneas. this is to see whether co2, by protecting cerebral blood flow, minimizes the decrease in cerebral oxygenation during apneas. this study entails a new and possibly more physiological method of treating apneas of prematurity that can be added to the present treatment of caffeine. these two treatments together, could minimize the number and severity of apneas and possibly decrease the need for mechanical ventilation in preterm infants.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * gestational age at birth \< 33 weeks * on caffeine treatment for apnea of prematurity at a maintenance dose of 5 mg/kg/day * having apnea of prematurity (at least 5 self-resolved apneas or 2 apneas requiring intervention/12 hours) exclusion criteria: * on mechanical ventilation * presence of congenital anomalies, sepsis or other known causes of apnea * failure to obtain parental consent

Keywords: apnea of prematurity control of breathing newborn co2 inhalation
a study of obizur in adults with acquired hemophilia a (aha) in south korea

Conditions: Acquired Hemophilia A

Summary: acquired hemophilia a (aha) is a rare bleeding condition which prevents blood clotting. acquired means that people are not born with this condition or have a family history of blood clotting conditions. people living with aha can have sudden and severe bleeding. they also have longer bleeding compared to people without aha. the main aim of the study is to learn how safe obizur is in adults with aha. other aims are to see how effective obizur is to control bleeding and how treatment is used in a routine clinical practice setting. the treatment of the participants will be determined by the treating physicians. during the study, data already existing in the participants' medical record and new data will be collected.

this is a prospective, and retrospective, multicenter, single-arm non-interventional post-marketing surveillance study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants with aha. * participants who are determined to have the clinical need to receive obizur treatment. * participants aged 18 years or older at time of initiation of obizur treatment. * participants agreed to participate in the study and voluntarily signed the informed consent. exclusion criteria: * participants with hypersensitivity to any of the components of this drug. * participants with congenital hemophilia a with inhibitors (chawi). * participants for whom obizur treatment is contraindicated as per product label. * participants who has participated in another clinical study involving a medicinal product or device within 30 days prior to enrollment or is scheduled to participate in another clinical study involving a medicinal product or device during the course of the study.

Keywords: drug therapy
myocardial screening in fetuses with congenital cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection

Conditions: Disorder of Cardiac Function

Summary: background myocarditis and pericarditis are inflammatory conditions of the heart commonly due to viral or autoimmune etiologies. human cmv represents one of the leading causes of congenital infections worldwide. there is limited data regarding the cardiac function of fetuses and infants with cmv. objective to provide insight regarding the presence of myocardial involvement in fetuses and infants with cmv infection. patients \& methods up to 100 fetuses with suspected cmv infection will be enrolled during a 3 years period. patients will undergo detailed us examinations including dedicated neurosonography and echocardiography starting at the time of the first referral and every 3-4 weeks until delivery and at the 2-7th day birth. cardiac scans of fifty pregnant women and the healthy women from the group will serve as controls

background myocarditis and pericarditis are inflammatory conditions of the heart commonly due to viral or autoimmune etiologies. human cmv represents one of the leading causes of congenital infections worldwide. there is limited data regarding the cardiac function of fetuses and infants with cmv. objective to provide insight regarding the presence of myocardial involvement in fetuses and infants with cmv infection. patients \& methods up to 100 fetuses with suspected cmv infection will be enrolled during a 3 years period. patients will undergo detailed us examinations including dedicated neurosonography and echocardiography starting at the time of the first referral and every 3-4 weeks until delivery and at the 2-7th day birth. cardiac scans of fifty pregnant women and the healthy women from the group will serve as controls expected results subtle myocardial deformation abnormalities are expected to be commonly found in fetuses and infants with cmv infection. conclusions the findings of this present study will underscore the need for cardiac screening of fetuses and infants with congenital cmv infection, with long-term follow-up to document the natural history and disease burden of cmv in this population.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients referred because of suspected cmv iui as demonstrated by seroconversion during pregnancy or during the 3 months that precede lmp or 2. patients referred because of suspected cmv iui based on the presence borderline cmv serology 3. us signs indicative of intrauterine cmv infection (cns and non cns involvement). exclusion criteria: 1. multifetal pregnancy. 2. pregnant women planning to deliver elsewhere who are offered yet refuse to participate in the postnatal investigation following discharge from the hospital. 3. patients will be excluded if they had clinical heart failure, as defined by the new york heart association classification (nyha, class ii-iv) (criteria committee of nyha 1994), a history of cardiovascular disease or chronic renal insufficiency.

Keywords: cytomegalovirus torch prenatal diagnosis congenital infections fetal abnormalities echocardiography myocardial deformation
immunoadsorption versus immunoglobulins for treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (cidp)

Conditions: CIDP

Summary: this is a randomized controlled study evaluating safety and efficacy of repeated immunoadsorption versus immunoglobulins in steroid-refractory chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (cidp).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of possible, probable, or definite cidp (typical or atypical) according to european federation of neurological societies (efns) guidelines * disease duration of 3 years or less * age 18 years or above * previous treatment with methyl-prednisolone and insufficient therapeutic response as judged by the treating physician, or contraindications against methyl-prednisolone, or clinically significant side effects under methyl-prednisolone therapy as judged by the treating physician exclusion criteria: * clinical or laboratory evidence of manifest systemic infection, i.e., c-reactive protein (crp) above 20 mg/l, or evidence of nitrite-positive urinary tract infection * intake of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor within 1 week before first treatment * immunoglobulin a deficiency * other contraindications against immunoadsorption or intravenous immunoglobulins
current status of islet alpha cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: by detecting the fasting and postprandial 120-minute glucose, insulin (insulin, ins), c-peptide (c-peptide, cp), glucagon (gcg) levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients, or the 0-minute, 30-minute, 120-minute glucose, ins, cp, gcg levels during the oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt), and examining the glucose, ins, cp, gcg levels during hypoglycemia, the current status of islet alpha cell function in diabetic patients is observed. type 2 diabetes patients willing to participate are treated with glp-1ra for 3 months, and then retested for fasting and postprandial 120-minute glucose, ins, cp, gcg, or the 0-minute, 30-minute, 120-minute glucose, ins, cp, gcg during ogtt, as well as the counter-regulatory hormone levels during hypoglycemia, to assess the improvement of islet alpha cell function by glp-1ra.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * willing to participate voluntarily and able to sign the informed consent form before the trial; * newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 18 years or older, meeting the who 1999 diagnostic criteria; * subjects who are capable and willing to maintain a regular diet and exercise regimen. exclusion criteria: * patients who are allergic to glp-1ra or have a bmi less than 24 kg/m\^2; * history of using blood sugar-lowering medications; * estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) less than 30 ml/(min\*1.73 m\^2); * history of drug abuse or alcohol dependence within the past 5 years; * patients with poor compliance and irregular diet and exercise; * history of diagnosed pancreatitis, pancreatic tumor, medullary thyroid carcinoma, or diabetic retinopathy stage iv or higher; * patients who have used systemic glucocorticoid therapy within the past 3 months; * presence of infection or stress within the past four weeks; * any other significant condition or comorbidity judged by the researcher, such as severe cardiopulmonary disease, endocrine disorders, neurological disorders, tumors, other pancreatic diseases, mental illness, history of alcohol or drug abuse.

Keywords: islet alpha cell function glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (glp1-ra)
inspiratory muscle and peripheral muscle training in chronic heart failure

Conditions: Chronic Heart Failure

Summary: heart failure is a clinical syndrome that is the common end of several cardiac diseases with symptoms such as muscle fatigue, dyspnea and reduction of quality of life. to improve respiratory and general functional capacity of these patients, there are strategies that can be used such as inspiratory muscle training and peripheral muscle training (dynamic resistance training).

after agreement with the written informed consent, 35 subjects with severe heart failure were included in this study. they were randomized in three groups: controls, low-intensity and moderate-intensity group. all volunteers were assessed at baseline and 8-weeks intervention. cardiac events were registered following two years from baseline. the present study aimed to assess the effects of a combined program of inspiratory and peripheral muscle training on respiratory and general functional capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * chronic heart failure (functional class from nyha ii and iii), * left ventricle ejection fraction bellow or equal 40%. exclusion criteria: * uncontrolled arrhythmia * pulmonary edema or pulmonary congestion in the last 30 days * peripheral oxygen saturation bellow 92% in resting condition * respiratory infection in the previous 30 days to the enrollment into the study * cognitive, neurological or orthopedic limitations

Keywords: muscle training walking test chronic heart failure functional capacity
the mycophenolate pregnancy registry

Conditions: Heart Transplantation, Kidney Transplantation, Liver Transplantation, Autoimmune Diseases

Summary: the mycophenolate pregnancy registry is designed as a prospective, observational registry collecting data regarding mycophenolate exposure during pregnancy, and pregnancy outcomes, fetal and infant outcomes after exposure. early and later term pregnancy outcomes will be solicited at selected gestational time points. structural and functional birth defects identified in the perinatal period through one year of life will be collected and classified. this is a non-proprietary registry and is a component of a comprehensive pregnancy risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (rems) plan required by the fda for all mycophenolate-formulations, including cellcept, myfortic and any generic formulations.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnancy and reported maternal exposure to mycophenolate during pregnancy or within 6 weeks of discontinuing treatment exclusion criteria: * pregnancies for which there is paternal exposure only * pregnancies occurring outside the u.s.
virtual support, real impact: effectiveness of tele-nursing in alleviating chemotherapy symptoms among cancer patients

Conditions: Cancer; Chemotherapy Effect; Quality of Life (QOL)

Summary: this quasi-experimental study evaluated a tele-nursing educational program's impact on improving the quality of life and managing chemotherapy-related symptoms in 74 adult cancer patients at mansoura university hospital in egypt. delivered via telegram, the program involved weekly educational sessions, aiming to enhance symptom management and quality of life.

the study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a tele-nursing educational program in managing chemotherapy-related and cancer-related symptoms and improving the quality of life among adult cancer patients. conducted at the oncology center at mansoura university hospital in egypt, the study recruited 74 participants who completed structured interviews detailing their demographics, medical history, symptom severity (using the mdasi-a tool), and quality of life (using the qol-acd tool). the intervention, delivered via a telegram group, included weekly educational sessions focused on managing chemotherapy symptoms. the sessions featured educational content and feedback, with outcomes measured through changes in symptom severity and quality of life scores before and after the intervention. this approach highlighted the program's potential to enhance patients' overall well-being and symptom management.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * • diagnosed with cancer and receiving treatment at an outpatient chemotherapy center * age from 20 less than 60 years. * accept to participate in the study. * had smart phones linked with internet * educated and able to use zoom and telegram applications exclusion criteria: * • having active, serious physical disease * patients with mental disease.

Keywords: chemotherpay tele-nursing quality of life
pulse diagnoses in patients while dysmenorrhea is attacking

Conditions: Dysmenorrhea

Summary: the mechanism led to the dysmenorrhea can be understood more clearly and one may have a better idea to treat the disease in the future.

background: pulse diagnosis of the dysmenorrhea patients before and after acupuncture treatment on the acupoint san yin jiao (sp6) were performed so that the mechanism led to the pain can be understood more clearly and one may have a better idea to treat the disease in the future. methods: fifteen women participated in the study voluntarily. they have first to fill in the form of visual analogue scale (vas) for pain. then the pulse of the subjects were measured by answatch before and after acupuncture. all meridians can be assessed by analyzing the pulse spectra through fast fourier transform (fft) of the original pulse data. the significant change of amplitude in certain harmonics which corresponds to a specific meridian after acupuncture treatment can be selected out.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the inclusion criteria of the subjects were the presence of pain during menstruation or three days before it. it needed to recheck if the menstrual cycle appeared within three days after recruiting if dysmenorrhea attacked before menstruation. exclusion criteria: * the exclusion criterion was that subjects did not take pain killers in the 12 hours before measurement.
diagnosing respiratory disease in children using cough sounds

Conditions: Pneumonia; Bronchiolitis; Asthma; Croup; Upper Respiratory Tract Infection; Lower Respiratory Tract Infection; Reactive Airway Disease

Summary: the purpose of this prospective study is to evaluate the efficacy of the resappdx software application in diagnosis of pneumonia and other respiratory conditions (bronchiolitis, asthma/reactive airway disease, croup, upper or lower respiratory tract infections) in infants and children. patient's cough sounds will be recorded using a smartphone and analysed using the resappdx software. the resappdx diagnosis will be compared to radiologic diagnosis and/or clinical diagnosis. the resappdx diagnosis will not be provided to the clinician or patient.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infant or child aged 29 days - 12 years * presenting to the study site with signs or symptoms of respiratory disease including cough, wheezing, stridor, chest in-drawing/retractions, difficulty breathing, fast breathing, abnormal lung sounds on exam, cyanosis/hypoxemia. * coughing spontaneously or able to cough voluntarily exclusion criteria: * lack of a signed consent form from parent or legal guardian * lack of signed assent form for children aged 7 years or older who, in the opinion of the investigator, is able to provide assent based on their age, maturity or psychological state. * need for mechanical ventilatory support (including invasive, continuous positive airway pressure, or bilevel positive airway pressure) or high flow nasal cannula * any medical contraindication to voluntary cough, including (only enrolled if coughing spontaneously): severe respiratory distress, history of pneumothorax, eye/chest/abdominal surgery in past 3 months, hemoptysis in the past month, or too medically unstable to participate in study per treating clinician. * subject previously enrolled * tracheostomy present or tube placed
effects of dry needling in patients with sleep bruxism and temporomandibular disorders: a prospective case series

Conditions: Myofascial Pain

Summary: the objective of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of deep dry needling in the masseter and temporalis mtrps on pain, pressure pain threshold (ppt), range of motion and disability in patients with sleep bruxism and myofascial temporomandibular disorders.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of myofascial temporomandibular disorders * diagnosis of myofascial trigger point * diagnosis of sleep bruxism exclusion criteria: * insurmountable fear of needles * any systematic joint or muscle disease * bleeding disorders or * prior physical therapy treatment
methotrexate combined with immunotherapy during radiotherapy for solid tumors

Conditions: Solid Tumors

Summary: immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as programmed death 1 (pd-1) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (pd-l1), offer new approaches for systemic treatment of tumors, but clinical efficacy remains limited. previous studies by our team have found that methotrexate can activate anti-tumor immunity. the discovery of a new effect of this drug will improve tumor response to immunotherapy and prognosis of patients.

malignant tumor is a systemic and complex disease that seriously endangers human health, surgery is the preferred treatment for solid tumors. due to the extensive invasion and metastasis of advanced tumors, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the main treatment options. however, the tolerance of tumor to chemoradiotherapy often leads to treatment failure and poor prognosis. immunotherapy provides a new approach for the systemic treatment of tumors, but the clinical efficacy is still limited. therefore, it is important to find effective drugs to improve the tumor response to radiotherapy and immunotherapy. previous studies by our team have found that methotrexate can activate anti-tumor immunity. the discovery of a new effect of this drug will improve tumor response to immunotherapy and prognosis of patients. the objective of this clinical trial is to explore the efficacy and safety of methotrexate combined with immunotherapy and radiotherapy in patients with unresectable/recurrence solid tumors.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subjects have unresectable/ metastatic solid tumors; 2. ≥ 18 years old; 3. life expectancy of at least 3 months; 4. eastern cooperative oncology group performance status 0-2; 5. have at least one measurable lesion ≥ 1 cm as defined by response criteria; 6. adequate organ function. exclusion criteria: 1. subjects with a history of autoimmune diseases or syndromes; 2. serious uncontrolled medical disorders or active infections; 3. women who are pregnant or breastfeeding; 4. subjects have other factors that may cause them to terminate the study, such as other serious medical conditions (including mental illness) that require combined treatment.

Keywords: anti-pd-1 monoclonal antibody, radiotherapy, methotrexate