Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the effect of food taste, temperature, and viscosity on swallowing efficiency

Conditions: Dysphagia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of taste on swallowing efficiency, to evaluate the effect of temperature on swallowing efficiency, and to evaluate the effect of viscosity on swallowing efficiency.

swallowing problems (dysphagia) are encountered frequently in primary practice and in the hospital setting. the list of possible causes is large, ranging from strokes and neurological disease to complications of cancer treatment, acid reflux, and surgery. many patients have a reduced ability to feel food and fluid (reduced sensation) within the throat (pharynx) and this leads to an inability to manipulate food and fluids in the correct manner. this can produce a variety of swallowing problems such as choking on foods and fluids, regurgitation, aspiration, weight loss, malnutrition and poor quality of life. treatment of dysphagia is largely directed at rehabilitation of muscle power and education about safe swallowing techniques or positioning that limits food and fluid from entering the airway. one of the most widely accepted treatments of dysphagia is to alter the texture of food. most patients with dysphagia will have more difficulty swallowing thin liquids. by adding a thickener to the liquid, a food bolus becomes more cohesive, and is less likely to become aspirated. various types of thickening products are available over-the-counter without a prescription. these thickening products are bland and currently have no flavor. we hypothesize that alterations in food taste (sweet, salty, etc...), viscosity, and temperature, will improve swallowing efficiency. the purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the effects of food taste, texture, and temperature on swallowing efficiency. the goal is to develop safer, better tasting food products and improve the quality of life in patients with disabling swallowing disorders.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * normal volunteers: * older than 55 years of age * no history of voice, swallowing, reflux, or progressive neurologic disease affecting the swallowing mechanism. * a normal self-administered dysphagia questionnaire (eat-10 score of less than three) * patients with dysphagia * older than 55 years of age * patients with the following condition: dysphagia, globus, gastroesophageal reflux, or any other condition requiring referral for a dynamic swallowing study. * patients willing to provide written informed consent for their participation in the study. exclusion criteria: 1. patients unable to complete the administration of the full taste and viscosity protocol. 2. patients with profound dysphagia unable to safely consume the test solutions. 3. patients with known sensitivities or allergies to any of the test solutions. 4. patients who are prisoners. 5. patients have a history of diabetes. 6. patients who are unable to follow the simple instructions to swallow the test solutions on instruction and answer the questionnaire.

Keywords: dysphagia swallowing problems dynamic fluoroscopic swallow study aspiration regurgitation acid reflux
plaque burden pre- myocardial revascularisation

Conditions: Atherosclerosis

Summary: the study is a prospective-observational, explorative single-centre cohort study aimed to examine the influence of the peripheral atherosclerotic plaque volume on short and long term morbidity and mortality in patient after coronary artery bypass grafting (cabg). atherosclerotic disease (imt, plaque volume) will be measured with a ultrasound system (imt measurements and 3d quantitative plaque volumetric). hemodynamic and flow profiles of the internal thoracic arteries will be evaluated additionally with us. these parameters will be measured pre-cabg. morbidity will be evaluated using quality of life questionnaires (eq-5d-3l, ipaq). major adverse cardiovascular events (mace) will be the primary endpoint. the atherosclerotic burden will be compared with established risk scores (euroscore, sts-score, syntax score, forecast.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pre cabg exclusion criteria: * no consent, prior carotid intervention
effects of avenanthramide-enriched oats on inflammation

Conditions: Inflammation

Summary: the objective of this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel trial is to determine whether consuming avenanthramide-enriched oats daily for 8 weeks on can improve biomarkers of inflammation in older, obese adults.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men \& postmenopausal women, age 50 years and over * bmi 30-36 kg/m2 * waist:hip ratio \> 0.8 for women, \> 0.9 for men exclusion criteria: * cigarette smoking and/or nicotine replacement use * individuals taking estrogen * use of cholesterol-lowering medications * use of blood pressure-lowering medications * regular use of any stomach acid-lowering medications, laxatives (including fiber supplements) or anti-diarrheal medications(prescription or over-the-counter \[otc\]) * cardiovascular (heart) disease * gastrointestinal disease * kidney disease * endocrine disease: including diabetes, untreated thyroid disease * rheumatoid arthritis * active treatment for any type of cancer, except basal cell carcinoma, within 1 year prior to study admission * systolic blood pressure \> 150 mmhg and/or diastolic blood pressure \> 95 mmhg * regular use of oral steroids * regular daily intake of ≥ 2 alcoholic drinks * strict vegetarians * no dietary supplements, including those containing any vitamins, minerals, herbs, plant concentrates (including garlic, gingko, st. john's wort) homeopathic remedies, probiotics, or fish oil (including cod liver oil), for one month prior to study admission
evaluation of left ventricular function and therapeutic effect of cpap in patients with osas by 3d ste

Conditions: OSA; Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Summary: the changes of left ventricular function in patients with sleep apnea were studied by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography to evaluate the changes of left ventricular function after cpap treatment

research purposes: (1) use 3d speckle tracking echocardiography to measure the diastolic and systolic strains of the left atrium and left ventricle of osas patients, in order to evaluate the impact and degree of osa on left ventricular function. (2) by comparing the changes in the three-dimensional ultrasound strain index of the left ventricle of patients before and after cpap treatment, and in patients receiving and not receiving cpap treatment, to evaluate whether cpap treatment contributes to the improvement of cardiac function in patients with osas, and to infer the best suitable intervention population and using time, providing reference basis for clinical treatment. (3) discovery of serological indicators that predict the severity of the disease and predict the impairment of heart function study design: this study is a prospective, observational controlled study. it is planned to include 30 cases of newly diagnosed osas patients in the peking university third hospital and a control group selected according to age and gender matching. the three-dimensional strain of the left atrium and left ventricle of the crowd is measured by the 3d speckle tracking technology, and the serological indicators are detected. the osas group and the control group were followed up during the course of receiving or not receiving cpap.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. osa met the diagnostic criteria of obstructive sleep apnea in the united states classification of sleep diseases in 2014 2. between the ages of 18 and 80, regardless of gender 3. sign informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. previously diagnosed patients with heart failure, 2. coronary artery disease, 3. valvular disease, 4. cardiomyopathy, 5. arrhythmia, 6. chronic obstructive/ restrictive pulmonary disease, 7. thyroid dysfunction (including hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism), 8. already treated with cpap, 9. poor image quality of echocardiography.

Keywords: osa cpap left ventricular dysfunction
endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty versus glp-1 analogue for class 1 and 2 obesity study

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: the aim of this study is to compare the 1-year total body weight loss outcomes for class 1 and class 2 obesity patients who have undergone endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (esg) in contrast to medical treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) analogues.

endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (esg) was developed with the aim of emulating the successful outcomes observed with sleeve gastrectomy, while obviating the need to permanently remove a large portion of the stomach. the recent merit trial reported that the estimated total body weight loss after esg at 1-year was 13.6%, demonstrating superiority over lifestyle modifications alone. glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) analogues such as liraglutide or semaglutide are currently approved for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. evidence supports the use of these medications in weight loss. the total body weight loss from glp-1 analogues reportedly range between 7.8-13.8%. as such, for patients with type 1 or 2 obesity who may not be candidates for bariatric surgery, the reported total body weight loss attainable by esg and glp-1 analogues appear comparable. in this study, patients eligible and consented for esg will be retrospectively matched against a group of patients who were previously placed on glp-1 analogue treatment for class 1 and 2 obesity. the primary outcome of the study will be total body weight loss at 1-year. we will also examine the short-term weight loss outcomes, metabolic outcomes, as well as healthcare costs between the 2 groups. our hypothesis is that esg will be non-inferior to glp-1 analogues in weight loss and metabolic outcomes, with reduced healthcare costs, given the avoidance of repeated dosing.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with classes 1 (bmi 27.5 to 34.9) and 2 (bmi 35 to 39.9) obesity in accordance with the world health organisation recommendations but modified to the interventional thresholds recommended for asian populations exclusion criteria: * patients with class 3 obesity and above (bmi \> 40.0) * patients with contraindications to glp-1 analogues * patients with contraindications to endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty * patients with previous bariatric or upper gastrointestinal surgery
factors that impact the relationship between pulmonary status and actual electronic cigarette use

Conditions: Electronic Cigarette Use; Pulmonary Disease

Summary: secondary data analysis will be performed as our approach to complete the study. a nationally representative dataset (brfss, 2017) will be used to answer the above hypotheses.

secondary data analysis will be performed as our approach to complete the study. a nationally representative dataset (brfss, 2017) will be used to answer our research questions. our rationale is that there is insufficient research assessing the relationship between pulmonary status and e-cigarette use and that some factors, such as behavioral variables or psychosocial variables, might influence this relationship. our expectation is that this study will deepen the understanding of the relationship between pulmonary status and e-cigarette use among u.s. adults. this study will cast light on different factors that influence the relationship between pulmonary status and e-cigarette use. also, the following secondary outcomes will be tested: severity of copd symptoms (copd group) moderate the relationship between pulmonary status (copd status) and e-cigarette use, and severity of asthma symptoms (asthma group) moderate the relationship between pulmonary status (asthma status) and e-cigarette use.

Eligibility criteria:
this is secondary data analysis, so there is no control over the data (inclusion criteria, and exclusion criteria). inclusion criteria: group 1: pulmonary * are 18 years of age or older. * reported any of the pulmonary disease (asthma, copd). group 2: control group * are 18 years of age or older. * free from any pulmonary disease (asthma, copd). exclusion criteria group 1: pulmonary * are younger than 18 years of age. * did not report any of the pulmonary disease (asthma, copd). group 2: control group * are younger than 18 years of age. * reported any pulmonary disease (asthma, copd the behavioral risk factor surveillance system (brfss) is health-related telephone surveys that collect state data about united states residents regarding their health-related risk behaviors, chronic health conditions, and use of preventive services. this database contains data to help determine e-cigarette use in individuals with pulmonary disease in the us which little is known. note: the behavioral risk factor surveillance system (brfss) is a public dataset, and the data is publicly available online at (https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/annual_data/annual_2017.html)
lidocaine-prilocaine cream in conjunction with paracervical block for pain with abortion

Conditions: Pain

Summary: the investigators theorize that the application of a lidocaine-prilocaine cream 5-10 minutes prior to the administration of a paracervical block could decrease pain associated with its administration and pain with abortion overall.

this is a superiority, double-blind randomized controlled trail of women ages 18 and older presenting for first-trimester surgical abortion. the lidocaine-prilocaine cream will be used in the experimental group in conjunction with a paracervical block, whereas plain lubricating gel will be used in conjunction with a paracervical block for the placebo, control group.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * surgical abortion patient at 5 0/7 to 11 6/7 weeks gestational age; * english or spanish speaking; * ability to give informed consent exclusion criteria: * pre-operative use of misoprostol; * allergy to study medications (lidocaine, prilocaine, versed, fentanyl); * known uterine anomaly; * prior cervical surgery

Keywords: surgical abortion cervical anesthesia pain control
fat distribution and glucose metabolism in williams syndrome

Conditions: Williams Syndrome

Summary: williams syndrome (ws) is a genetic syndrome with features that may include vascular stenoses, neuro-developmental changes, and a variety of endocrine and metabolic abnormalities, including impaired glucose metabolism and abnormal body composition. approximately 75% of adults with ws have impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes on oral glucose tolerance testing (ogtt). in addition, clinical observations and preliminary data suggest increased overall body fat in these individuals, as well as a relative increase in fat deposition in the lower extremities. however, glucose and lipid metabolism in ws remain incompletely characterized. the purpose of the current study is to carefully describe glucose metabolism and lipid parameters in people with ws.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria 1. m or f age 14-70yo 2. diagnosis of ws confirmed by fish or chromosomal microarray (ws only) 3. availability of a parent or guardian to participate in the consent process (all ws, and controls \<18yo) exclusion criteria 1. history of weight loss surgery or liposuction 2. use of weight-lowering drugs 3. positive urine pregnancy test (females only) 4. obesity or abnormal fat distribution due to a known secondary cause (except ws) such as cushing syndrome, hiv-infection, etc. 5. known diabetes will preclude administration of the ogtt but not participation in other aspects of the study.

Keywords: williams syndrome
evaluation of the repeated usage of systane ultra eyedrop

Conditions: Dry Eye

Summary: comparison of two contact lens solutions.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18 years or more. * non contact lens wearer. * symptomatology as defined below for the ocular surface disease index (osdi) questionnaire: * score ≥13 for osdi questionnaire total score; and * scores of at least 2 for 2 out of the 6 vision related questions of the osdi questionnaire * best visual acuity of 6/9 or better in each eye. * willingness to adhere to the instructions set in the clinical protocol. * signature of the subject informed consent form. exclusion criteria: * use of systemic medication which might produce dry eye side effects. * systemic disease which might produce dry eye side effects. * active ocular infection. * use of ocular medication. * significant ocular anomaly. * previous ocular surgery * previous use of restasis * any medical condition that might be prejudicial to the study. * the subject, based on their knowledge, must not be pregnant or lactating at the time of enrolment. * the subject, based on his/her knowledge, must not have an infectious disease (e.g. hepatitis, tuberculosis) or an immunosuppressive disease (e.g. human immunodeficiency virus). * the subject, based on their knowledge, must not have diabetes.

Keywords: dry eye visual performance
a meta-analysis comparing toothbrushes on plaque removal and gingival health

Conditions: Gingivitis; Dental Plaque

Summary: the aim of this analysis was to compare gingivitis- and plaque-reduction efficacy from randomized controlled trials (rcts) up to six months long evaluating oscillating-rotating, sonic, and manual toothbrushes


Eligibility criteria:
subjects were excluded from this study for the following reasons; * pregnancy, * rampant caries, * severe periodontitis, * at discretionary of the principal investigator.
cuidatxt: a text message dementia-caregiver intervention for latinos

Conditions: Caregiver Burnout

Summary: latino families with dementia experience substantial disparities in access to caregiver support compared to their non-latino white peers, putting them at an increased risk for negative emotional, physical and financial outcomes. this r21 will address this research gap by 1) developing a culturally and linguistically appropriate text message intervention for caregiver support among latino family caregivers of individuals with dementia and 2) testing the feasibility and acceptability of cuidatxt, a multicomponent text message caregiver support intervention culturally and linguistically tailored for the latino community.

latino relatives of individuals with dementia are less likely than non-latino whites to have access to caregiver support. text messaging can dramatically enhance the reach of effective culturally and linguistically tailored caregiver support interventions. however, to our knowledge, no text message interventions exist to provide caregiver support among caregivers of individuals with dementia. text message interventions can capitalize on the fact that latinos own cellphones and use them to text at a higher rate than non-latino whites. the overall aim of this proposal is to develop and test the first text message intervention for caregiver support of individuals with dementia among latinos. this intervention, cuidatxt \[spanish for self-care and texting\], will be available in english and spanish, incorporate two-way messaging and will tailor text messages to the preferences of latino caregivers. cuidatxt will be multicomponent and based on the stress process framework as supported by evidence. the intervention will incorporate social support and coping components including dementia education, problem-solving skills training, social network support, care management and referral to community resources. this research corresponds with stage 1 of the nih stage model for behavioral intervention development. in aim 1, researchers will develop a culturally and linguistically appropriate text message intervention for caregiver support among latino family caregivers of individuals with dementia using user-centered design methods. in aim 2, researchers will test the feasibility and acceptability of cuidatxt during six months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * spanish and english-speaking individuals * over the age of 18 * identify as latino * report providing hands-on care for a relative who has been given a clinical or research dementia diagnosis * care recipient has an ad-8 screening score greater than or equal to 2, indicating cognitive impairment * self-report being able to read and write * self-report owning a cell phone with a flat fee and use it at least weekly for texting exclusion criteria: -

Keywords: dementia caregiver mhealth stress latino disparities
evaluate the change in iron, vitamin d, and c-reactive protein level (crp) in a 12 to 24 week period

Conditions: Anemia; Vitamin D Deficiency

Summary: the purpose of this study is to observe changes in iron status and vitamin d status during a 12-24 week supervised training program, specifically males and females between the ages of 30 and 50 years old.

study subjects will be participants in a triathlon training program through the avera sports institute in sioux falls, sd. this clinical study will examine changes in iron and vitamin d levels. blood specimens will be collected at baseline and again after 3 and 6 months of participating in the training program.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males and premenopausal females between the ages of 30 and 50 years old * training through the avera sports institute triathlon training program * agree to keep diet, exercise and all current health habits stable during participation in the study exclusion criteria: * women who are pregnant, breastfeeding or planning to become pregnant * has a chronic disease that affects calcium or bone metabolism * has a chronic disease that affects iron metabolism or iron storage * has kidney disease * has any laboratory or biometric value that would indicate an issue for the safety of the study subject * is currently participating in another clinical research study

Keywords: iron deficiency vitamin d deficiency anemia athletes triathletes triathlon
a phase i study of tas-102 in patients with advanced solid tumors with hepatic impairment

Conditions: Advanced Solid Tumors

Summary: study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of tas-102 in patients with advanced solid tumors and varying degrees of hepatic impairment.

this is a phase 1, open-label study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of tas-102 in patients with advanced solid tumors with varying degrees of hepatic impairment. the study is conducted in 2 parts: the pharmacokinetic part (cycle 1) and the extension part (cycles 2 and beyond). patients may continue to receive treatment with tas-102 during the study extension part only after completion of the pharmacokinetic part.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion 1. has provided written informed consent 2. has advanced solid tumors (excluding breast cancer) 3. has normal hepatic function, mild, moderate, or severe hepatic impairment 4. ecog performance status of ≤2 5. is able to take medications orally 6. has adequate organ function 7. women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test and must agree to adequate birth control if conception is possible. males must agree to adequate birth control. exclusion 1. certain serious illnesses or medical condition(s) 2. has had certain other recent treatment e.g. major surgery, anticancer therapy, extended field radiation, received investigational agent, shunt in the liver within the specified time frames prior to study drug administration 3. has received tas-102 4. has unresolved toxicity of greater than or equal to ctcae grade 2 attributed to any prior therapies 5. is a pregnant or lactating female

Keywords: liver neoplasms hepatic tas-102 mcrc liver impairment pharmacologic actions liver diseases liver lft advanced solid tumor pharmacokinetics