Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
magnetic resonance study of liver in chemotherapy

Conditions: Colon Cancer; Rectal Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to see whether magnetic resonance (mr) techniques can detect changes caused by chemotherapy in the livers of patients who have been treated for colorectal cancer. some patients who undergo chemotherapy for colorectal cancer may experience side-effects in their livers. these side effects may influence further treatment options. if this study finds that mr techniques detect changes in the liver due to chemotherapy, then mr methods may eventually be used to help patients and physicians plan further treatment.

each patient will have 4 mr exams: prior to or within one week of the start of the chemotherapy regimen, one after 6 weeks of chemotherapy, a third after completion of chemotherapy (between 12 and 24 weeks post-initiation of chemotherapy) and a long term followup study at least 4 months after the completion of chemotherapy. normal volunteers will be recruited and studied by mr for comparison to patient data.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * provide written informed consent. * 21 years of age or older. * histologically confirmed diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma (patients only). * resected primary colorectal cancer and no metastatic disease or primary colorectal cancer with no metastatic disease and planned resection after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy or metastatic colorectal carcinoma considered by the attending physician to have resectable or potentially resectable hepatic metastases (patients only). each patient will be staged by his/her attending physician in the department of medicine or surgery. hepatic metastases are considered resectable if they are expected to be completely removable with negative margins by a procedure that leaves behind sufficient liver parenchyma with arterial/portal blood supply, venous drainage and biliary drainage for subsequent regeneration and survival. potentially resectable indicates that a reduction in tumor size due to chemotherapy could render the tumors resectable. exclusion criteria: * inability to cooperate for an mr exam. * contraindication to mr: * pacemaker * aneurysmal clips * any ferrous metallic implants which could be deflected by the magnet * metal implants in field of view which could distort the images and spectroscopy data * pregnant women * age and mental status wherein he/she is unable to cooperate for mr study * patients who are considered to have unresectable hepatic metastases will be excluded. hepatic metastases are considered unresectable if their removal would leave behind insufficient liver parenchyma for subsequent regeneration and survival. in addition, hepatic metastases are considered unresectable if their removal would be expected to leave behind residual disease (positive margins). also, patients are considered unresectable if they have any comorbid conditions which would jeopardize successful recovery from hepatic resection.
imaging characteristics of breast cancer in women under 40 years of age

Conditions: Breast Cancer; Breast Neoplasms

Summary: to evaluate if there is any imaging characteristic of breast cancers in women younger than 40 years of age.

in western countries, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and breast cancer screening using mammography has reduced breast cancer mortality by 18-29%. in taiwan, breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women and the bureau of health promotion, department of health has started breast cancer screening using mammography in women between 50 and 69 years old since 2002, between 40 and 49 years old since early 2004. however, young women at 20 to 39 years of age have never been enrolled in the mass screening mammography program because of their relatively young age and mammographic findings of breast cancer in young women were seldom reported.some authors found out that breast cancer in young women is more advanced and more often presents with a mass, has higher grade, more extensively proliferating and vessel invading disease when compared with those in older age groups. most intraductal carcinomas (\>80%) present as clustered microcalcifications on mammograms, and the sensitivity of mammography can be reduced in younger, denser breasts. given these, mammography seems not to be a proper diagnostic tool for breast cancer women at a younger age. however, this presumption needs to be clarified since there are neither definite documented facts regarding breast cancer manifestation of young women on mammograms, nor documented sensitivity and false-negative rate of mammography in detecting of breast cancer among young women, at whom mammography is seldom used to be a diagnostic imaging tool. our study is conducted to analyze the mammographic findings of breast cancers in young women between 20 and 39 years of age, regarding tumor size, location, major finding type, pathology type and grade. we will compare all of the above issues between younger age group and older age groups (40 to 49 and 50 to 69 years old).the breast ultrasound findings of the breast cancer among young women will be also compared with their corresponding mammographic findings, regarding the sensitivity, specificity, false-negative rate and accuracy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 20-39 years women with breast cancers exclusion criteria: * pregnant women

Keywords: breast neoplasms breast radiography young women.
stavanger uncomplicated elective pci same day discharge study (speedy study)

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to provide information on safety of same day discharge after uncomplicated percutaneous intervention (pci) for stable angina pectoris in norwegian clinical practice. the investigators also think that is in patients interest to stay as short time as possible in hospital and this will be measured using standardised quality of life questionnaires.

the international literature has already provided documentation on the safety of same day discharge in various clinical scenario. in this particular study, the investigators focus on challenging the contemporary norwegian practice where every body stays over night. only patients with stable angina pectoris will be included in the study. after informed consent and successful procedure, the patients will be randomised to same day discharge or standard care. same day discharge patients will be contacted by telephone the day after the procedure for follow-up conversation with particular emphasis on access site complications. both groups will receive quality of life questionnaire within a month for assessment of difference between the two strategies.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elective procedures monday through thursday * patient consenting for same day discharge * operator has assessed the patient and is in agreement * adequate observational facility * uncomplicated procedure * acceptable social network at home * uneventful post pci ecg * adequate hemostasis of puncture site exclusion criteria: * angiographic * no-reflow/slow flow post pci * sub-optimal pci result * dissection type c-e * rest dissection after stent deployment * angiographic thrombus * guidewire perforation * clinical * advanced age * severe renal failure (gfr \< 30ml/min) * excessive bleeding risk * symptomatic heart failure * severe visual or hearing impairment * multi-vessel pci (2 main vessels or left main) * use of gp iib/iiia inhibitors * social * living alone or has no telephone * long driving distance (\> 30-45 min) * patient/next to keen can´t communicate with health personnel without a translator
comparison of palonosetron versus combination of palonosetron and dexamethasone for preventing postoperative vomiting in patients receiving fentanyl by patient-controlled analgesia after minor orthopedic surgery

Conditions: Orthopedic Surgery

Summary: postoperative nausea and vomiting (ponv) is related with extended hospital day and risk factor of aspiration pneumonia. postoperative patient controlled intravenous analgesia is related with postoperative nausea and vomiting. selective 5-ht3 antagonist, palonosetron, is the most recent medication for prevention of ponv. purpose of our study is comparison of ponv preventive effect of palonosetron and combination of palonosetron and dexamethasone.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who are undergoing minor orthopedic surgery. * iv patient controlled analgesia exclusion criteria: * 1. minority (0\~19 year) * patients who are belongs to asa class 3 or more, and have underlying complicated cardiovascular or psychological disease. * steroid medication * diabetes mellitus medication

Keywords: palonosetron, dexamethasone, ponv (postoperative nausea and vomiting)
neutrophil extracellular traps and sickle cell disease

Conditions: Sickle Cell Anemia

Summary: nets formation in vaso-occlusive events in sickle cell disease and the role of hydroxyurea treatment.the study hypothesis is that nets formation by neutrophils has a role in the induction of vaso occlusive disease in blood vessels. it is possible that high leukocyte count in children with sickle cell anemia is a bad prognostic sign due to nets formation supporting occlusion of peripheral and central blood vessels.hydroxyurea treatment might prevent vaso occlusive syndrome not only by increasing hbf but also by decreasing neutrophil count and inhibiting nets formation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children who suffer from sickle cell disease and/or children with sickle cell disease treated with hydroxyurea exclusion criteria: * none
prevention and treatment with calcifediol of covid-19 induced acute respiratory syndrome

Conditions: SARS-CoV 2; COVID19; SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome); Cytokine Release Syndrome; Cytokine Storm

Summary: the administration of calcifediol in patients with covid-19, will reduce the development of sars and the worsening of the various phases of the syndrome. reducing at least 25% in icu admission and death from the process, reducing days of hospitalization, facilitating the recovery of the same, acting significantly and positively, in any of its phases throughout the natural history of illness. as a treatment with extensive experience of clinical use, safe, inexpensive, and potentially very effective, it will have a highly efficient cost-benefit impact on the prevention of sars.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 and \< 90 years * pcr confirmed diagnosis of covid-19. as an alternative to pcr, a determination of antigens or any other test that in the future is considered equivalent to these in its diagnostic value may be accepted as evidence * radiological image compatible with inflammatory pleuropulmonary exudate or patients with onset of symptoms in the last 7 days and with an uncomplicated respiratory infection for outpatient follow-up. * signature of direct or delegated informed consent exclusion criteria: * being treated with calcifediol or cholecalciferol in any of its presentations and dosages * intolerance or allergy to calcifediol or its components * pregnancy
amantadine sulphate usage in spine deformities corrective surgeries patients

Conditions: Spinal Curvatures

Summary: during the surgical procedure of scoliosis correction, large surgery extent and long-lasting strong nociceptive stimulation lead to postoperative pain formation of greater intensity compared with other orthopedic interventions. in these patients, duration of postoperative symptoms is longer, and may lead to persistent pain formation due to developing neuroplastic changes in the central nervous system.

instrumentation in correction operations for spinal deformities as vertebral fusion, congenital and traumatic scoliosis, carries a 0.5-5% risk of injuring the spinal cord during spinal surgery. these complications are generally results of complex factors such as direct effects of compression on the spinal cord, distraction, the effects of spinal ischemia or arterial hypotension. the purpose of the wake-up test is to monitor voluntary motor function of the lower limbs once the vertebrae have been instrumented and distracted. the depth of anesthesia is gradually lightened up to the point where patients are able to respond to verbal commands. as the voluntary movement of lower extremities is demonstrated, the depth of anesthesia is increased to complete the surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. being candidate for spine deformity correction surgery(scoliosis and kyphosis ) 2. willing to participate in the study exclusion criteria: 1. patient refusal 2. patients with chronic kidney, lungs,gastrointestinal tract, liver, or cardiovascular diseases. 3. pregnant or breastfeeding women. 4. allergy to any of the study medications and taking medications that could significantly interact with amantadine (tramadol, atropine,antipsychotic medications)
the new transition factors to surgery of duodenal perforation

Conditions: Duodenum Ulcer Perforation

Summary: in this study,investigators sought to identify new transition factors in the initial evaluation of cases requiring conversion to surgery for duodenal ulcer perforation. this was a retrospective study performed at investigators' hospital between january 2012 and july 2023 with upper gastrointestinal perforation. 27 patients, who underwent conservative management for the duodenal ulcer perforation, were extracted. investigators researched the transition rate to surgery and the following factors: 1. patient background, 2. time from onset to hospital visit, 3. vital signs and inflammatory findings on arrival, 4. ct findings of duodenal ulcer perforation and degree / shape of liver coverage for the perforation, and the extent of ascites.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients of upper gastrointestinal perforation exclusion criteria: * dnr patients

Keywords: conversion to surgery conservative management,
criticality analysis of diabetic gait within a primary care pediatric clinic for obese children (paidos)

Conditions: Childhood Obesity

Summary: one of the difficulties with diabetes care is the problem of predicting progression to more severe stages using current measures (for example blood glucose, hba1c). this feasibility study aims to use criticality analysis (ca) of gait to monitor the progression of the condition as well as identifying individuals at risk of developing diabetes among children in mexico.the study will investigate whether gait analysis can be used as a fast, reliable and cost effective way to detect individuals at risk of developing type 2 diabetes (t2dm) as early treatment could reduce the number of cases that develop into full t2dm.

this feasibility study aims to the do the following: 1. to evaluate the use of criticality analysis of gait as means of diabetes assessment. 2. to design and set up a clinical feasibility study in a hospital (hospital infantil de mexico) with adolescent patients on different clinical stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus (dm). 3. to analyse the collected data and validate gait data analysis as mechanism for identifying and monitoring pre-diabetic teenagers. 4. to use the feasibility study conducted in mexico to develop a robust method using gait analysis for diabetes prevention and management. participants will be selected from the primary care pediatric clinic for obese children (paidos) in the hospital infantil de méxico federico gómez, mexico city, mexico. sixty participants will be selected and divided into three groups: 40 obese non-diabetic subjects, 10 with type 2 diabetes and 10 healthy subjects as controls. obese participants within the paidos clinic will undergo standard clinical care that includes dietary prescription of caloric intake according to height, 150 min weekly physical activity, group cognitive-behavioural intervention, 6 session of obesity awareness and educational program. gait will be recorded in all groups using a sensor on the 4th vertebrae of the lumbar spine, once a week across 6 weeks during the routine paidos clinic. critical changes in walking control, stride frequency and length will be observed as individuals change speed; effectively stressing their mobility. the study will be repeated after 3-6 months as a follow up. data analysis will be performed in a semi-blind manner in order to test the efficacy of the criticality analysis rate control of chaos (rcc) model. in order to provide an objective measure of analysis, the anonymised data will be presented to the nonlinear rcc models, where results can be extracted and compared afterwards to known states.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi over 95 th percentile for age * living in major mexico city area exclusion criteria: * diabetic patients * major physical disability
study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of elafibranor in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (pbc) and inadequate response to ursodeoxycholic acid

Conditions: Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC)

Summary: the primary objective of the study is to compare the effect of daily oral administration of elafibranor 80mg and 120 mg on change in serum alkaline phosphatase (alp) to that of placebo in patients with pbc and inadequate response to ursodeoxycholic acid (udca).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. must have provided written informed consent 2. definite or probable pbc diagnosis as demonstrated by the presence of at least 2 of the following 3 diagnostic factors: * history of elevated alp levels for at least 6 months prior to day 0 (randomization visit) * positive anti-mitochondrial antibodies (ama) titers (\> 1/40 on immunofluorescence or m2 positive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) or positive pbc-specific antinuclear antibodies * liver biopsy consistent with pbc 3. alp \>= 1.67x upper limit of normal (uln) 4. taking udca for at least 12 months (stable dose for ≥ 6 months) prior to screening visit 5. contraception: females participating in this study must be of non-childbearing potential or must be using highly efficient contraception for the full duration of the study and for 1 month after the end of treatment. exclusion criteria: 1. history or presence of other concomitant liver diseases 2. screening creatine phosphokinase (cpk) \> upper limits of normal (uln) 3. screening alanine transaminase (alt) or aspartate aminotransferase (ast) \> 5 uln 4. screening total bilirubin \> 2 uln 5. screening serum creatinine \> 1.5 mg/dl 6. significant renal disease, including nephritic syndrome, chronic kidney disease (defined as patients with markers of kidney damage or estimated glomerular filtration rate \[egfr\] of less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m\^2). 7. patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment (defined as child-pugh b/c) 8. platelet count \<150 x 10\^3/microliter 9. albumin \<3.5 g/dl 10. presence of clinical complications of pbc or clinically significant hepatic decompensation 11. if female: known pregnancy, or has a positive urine pregnancy test (confirmed by a positive serum pregnancy test), or lactating 12. known history of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection 13. medical conditions that may cause non-hepatic increases in alp (e.g., paget's disease)

Keywords: elafibranor primary biliary cholangitis alkaline phosphatase
comparison of colesevelam hydrogen chloride (hcl) powder for oral suspension versus generic cholestyramine through use of the bile acid sequestrant acceptability (basa) scale

Conditions: Healthy

Summary: the objective of this study is to compare the acceptability of colesevelam hcl powder for oral suspension versus generic cholestyramine via the basa scale, based upon an anticipated equivalent cholesterol lowering doses of each comparator drug.

in 2009, colesevelam hcl was approved as a powder formulation. little objective evidence exists comparing the acceptability of colesevelam hcl powder for oral suspension formulation versus other bile acid sequestrant powder formulations. a bile acid sequestrant acceptability (basa) scale was developed and validated as an instrument to compare the acceptability of different bile acid sequestrant preparations

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men or women 18-70 years of age * in general good health (defined as study participants who are medically stable, meet protocol criteria, but who may also have non-exclusionary ongoing medical conditions). * subjects are capable of giving informed consent, or if appropriate, have an acceptable surrogate capable of giving consent on the subject's behalf. * subjects are willing and readily able to be contacted for post-study safety phone call assessments one to seven days after the single study visit. exclusion criteria: * prior intolerance to bile acid sequestrants * known phenylketonuria. colesevelam (welchol) for oral suspension contains 48 mg phenylalanine per 3.75 gram dose. * women who are either pregnant, or who are not practicing any form of birth control. * prior gastrointestinal surgery * history of ongoing gastrointestinal symptoms (indigestion, constipation, or diarrhea) * history of bowel obstruction, malabsorption, or irritable bowel syndrome * history of esophageal disease * current or past history of gallbladder disease * history of pancreatitis * subjects enrolled in another experimental (interventional) protocol within the past 30 days prior to visit 1. * diagnosis of diabetes mellitus * known history of triglyceride levels \> 300 mg/dl. * history of alcohol or drug abuse within 1 year of study entry * alcohol intake that exceeds more than 2 units of alcohol drinks per day * exposure to bile acid sequestrants (colesevelam hcl, cholestyramine, colestipol within 30 days of visit 1). * any other situation in which the investigator makes the judgment that participation in the study would not be in the best interest of the study participant, or in the best interest of providing reliable study data.

Keywords: bile acid sequestrant resin lipids glucose cholesterol diabetes mellitus bile acid sequestrant acceptability scale