Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the pathogenesis of chronic diarrhoea after treatment for cancer in cecum and the ascending colon

Conditions: Colon Adenocarcinoma; Diarrhea

Summary: many patients suffer from chronic diarrhoea after surgical treatment for cancer in the right side of the colon. the investigators' main hypothesis is that colon cancer patients with chronic diarrhoea have a higher risk of bile acid malabsorption compared with colon cancer patients without diarrhoea. the investigators also expect that a part of the cases of bile acid malabsorption is caused by underlying bacterial overgrowth in the small bowel. the investigators assume that patients with severe bile acid malabsorption have a lower value of fgf19 in the blood compared to patients with moderate or none bile acid malabsorption. furthermore, it is assumed that patients with chronic diarrhoea and documented bile acid malabsorption after surgical treatment for right-sided colon cancer will get improved bowel function when treated with a bile acid binder, or antibiotics in case of bacterial overgrowth.

patients with chronic diarrhoea after surgical treatment of right-sided colon cancer will be compared to patients without diarrhoea after right-sided colon cancer treatment. all patients will be asked to answer a short questionnaire regarding bowel function, and they will all have standard blood tests taken to exclude non-cancer related causes of diarrhoea. besides these standard tests, the value of fgf19 will be measured in a blood sample from the fasting participants. all participants will undergo sehcat scan to determine the presence of bile acid malabsorption among right-sided colon cancer patients with and without diarrhoea. in addition, a glucose breath test will be performed to examine, if the patients have small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. patients with a positive glucose breath test, and thus bacterial overgrowth, will be treated with antibiotics, followed by another sehcat scan, glucose breath test, and measurement of gastrointestinal transit time. in addition, they will be asked to complete the questionnaire regarding bowel function again. all cases with an abnormal sehcat scan will be treated with a bile acid binder, and the patients will be asked to complete the questionnaire one more time, and the gitt measurement will be repeated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * primary adenocarcinoma in cecum or the ascending colon * right-sided hemicolectomy * understanding, speaking and reading danish exclusion criteria: * previous major gastrointestinal, urological or gynaecological surgery or oncological treatment * radiation therapy * recurrence of colon cancer * metastasis * permanent stoma * pregnancy * reduced cognitive level that makes it plausible that the patient do not understand the study or is not capable of participation

Keywords: bile acid malabsorption small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
heart rate and respiratory rate measurements by a novel, radar-based device

Conditions: Healthy Subjects; Chronic Conditions, Multiple

Summary: a single center, single blinded, prospective validation (including extension0 study for the accuracy and safety evaluation of neteera 130h, a novel, radar-based contact-free device for heart and respiratory rate measurements.

this is a single-blinded, prospective validation study for the accuracy and safety evaluation of neteera 130h, a novel, radar-based contact-free device for heart and respiratory rate measurements compared to reference devices. each subject will have a single study visit in which the subjects will be screened and upon eligibility confirmation, will undergo hr and rr measurements using the investigational device as well as the reference devices. in a previous clinical trial (net-med-002) 100 subjects were measured in the sitting position. in the extension study part (net-med-002-ext), 70 eligible subjects, 18 years old and above, suffering from chronic medical conditions, will be enrolled. in this extension part, 70 of the subjects will be measured while randomly assigned into one of two groups - 35 subjects in group a (sitting position) and 35 subjects in sleep posture//group b (lying in bed/sleeping posture position) in a ratio of 1:1. data from the previous study and the extension study will be pooled for final analysis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria (net-med-002): * age ≥ 18 years inclusion criteria (net-med-002-ext): * age ≥ 18 years * one (or more) chronic medical condition/s exclusion criteria (net-med-002): * children under the age of 18 years * pregnant or lactating women - as confirmed by a home pregnancy test kit * current irregular heart rate (e.g. atrial fibrillation) - as assessed by a targeted physical examination during screening * current shortness of breath, respiratory distress, or other clinical signs of hemodynamic instability - as assessed by a targeted physical examination during screening * prior major surgical and/or orthopedical and/or trauma in the thorax * participation in an investigational trial within 30 days of the screening visit * subjects that will not be able to complete the trial, according to the pi or si evaluation exclusion criteria (net-med-002-ext) * children under the age of 18 years * prior major trauma in the thorax * participation in an investigational trial within 30 days of the screening visit * subjects that will not be able to complete the trial, according to the pi or si evaluation
prevalence of sleep apnea in women

Conditions: Lung Diseases; Sleep Apnea Syndromes

Summary: to identify the prevalence of sleep apnea (sa) in women and its relationship to age; to predict those women at risk for sleep apnea; and to define the natural history of those with sleep apnea.

background: often sleep apnea is accompanied by considerable morbidity; the associated excessive daytime sleepiness, cardiovascular abnormalities and cognitive impairment impact greatly on daytime functioning. the obese, hypertensives, elderly and postmenopausal women are reported to be at increased risk for sleep apnea. the investigators published on the prevalence of sleep apnea in several special populations: elderly subjects without sleep complaints and insomniac, narcoleptic, hypertensive and obese patients. they established the prevalence of sleep apnea in men based on the sleep laboratory evaluation of approximately 1,000 men randomly selected from a randomly generated telephone sample of 4,364 men from the general population. their preliminary estimate of prevalence was that about 2.2 percent of the adult male population have clinically diagnosable sleep apnea. further, in the male sample, the age distribution was not linearly related to age. rather, it peaked at approximately age 55. finally, the major risk factors appeared to be obesity and snoring. the differences in the male/female ratio in clinical and selected populations ranged from 10.0:1 to 1.9:1. one recent study suggested that the prevalence of sleep apnea in women was about two-fold less than in men. however, this study did not sample the general population and used only a restricted age range (30 to 60 years) which did not allow the assessment of the influence of menopause. thus, the prevalence of sleep apnea in women in the general population remained largely undetermined. design narrative: in order to establish the prevalence in women with reasonable precision, the prevalence study employed a two-stage sample modified from the prevalence study in men in the following two ways: an expanded telephone sample (n=12,219 women) selected randomly from the general population was evaluated, for clinically relevant risk factors for sleep apnea; and 2) a second sample (n=1,000) selected randomly from the first sample based on higher risk for sleep apnea (including the additional risk factor of menopause) was evaluated in the sleep laboratory to determine the presence of sleep apnea. this strategy yielded an adequate power in order to establish the prevalence of sleep apnea requiring treatment and sleep disordered breathing in women in the general population as well as result in a large enough sample to establish the association between risk factors and sleep apnea in women. in order to perform gender analyses, the study compared previously published data from a total of 4,364 men interviewed in an expanded telephone sample and 741men evaluated in the sleep laboratory.

Eligibility criteria:
stratified random sample based on risk severity obtained during phone interview
meda chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for stage iv natural killer/t-cell lymphoma

Conditions: Extranodal NK-T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of methotrexate, etoposide, pegaspargase and dexamethasone (meda) chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-hsct) in patients with stage iv extranodal natural killer/t-cell lymphoma, nasal type.

extranodal natural killer/t-cell lymphoma (enktcl), nasal type, is a rare subtype of non-hodgkin lymphoma (nhl) with relatively high incidence in china. l-asparaginase based chemotherapy improved overall response and prolonged the long-term survival for patients with stage iv. but the optimal treatment schedule has not been established. this study is designed with four cycles meda chemotherapy, followed by auto-hsct for stage iv patients with newly onset, relapsed or refractory diseases. the efficacy and safety of this protocol in the treatment of will be measured.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: pathological diagnosis of extranodal natural killer/t-cell lymphoma, nasal type based on who 2008 classification of tumors of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissue. eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog ) performance status 0\~3. stage iv disease with at least one measurable lesion. preserved organ functions for: platelet\>50×10\*9/l, hemoglobin\>80g/l, total bilirubin (tbil)\<3×uln, alanine transaminase (alt)\<5×uln, serum creatinine (cr)\<1.5×uln, fibrinogen≥0.5g/l, lvef≥50%. signed informed consented. exclusion criteria: relapsed or progressive disease to prior l-asparaginase-based chemotherapy. concurrent cancers need surgery or chemotherapy within 6 months. history of chemotherapy or radiotherapy for other solid cancers within 3 years. recent history of radiotherapy of upper-aero-digestive tract within last 3 months. significant complications: lvef≤50%, coagulopathy, autoimmune disease, severe infection, or liver cirrhosis, severe hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. mental disorders. pregnant or lactation. hiv, hepatitis virus c (hcv), or active hepatitis virus b (hbv) infection with hbv dna≥10\*5 copies/ml. history of pancreatitis. known history for grade 3/4 allergy to the drugs in chemotherapy regimen. enrolled in other trial treatment.
comparison of preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy and capecitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer

Conditions: Rectal Cancer

Summary: based on the potential advantaged of preoperative chemoradiotherapy and oral fluoropyrimidine, the investigators planned a prospective randomized phase iii trial which compares preoperative chemoradiotherapy and postoperative chemoradiotherapy with conventional radiation schedule and oral fluoropyrimidine to establish new standard neo-adjuvant therapy regimen in locally advanced rectal cancer.

although there have been no confirmative data which favored preoperative chemoradiotherapy, preoperative chemoradiation have many theoretical advantage compared with postoperative one. preoperative radiotherapy with intensive short course regimen showed significant improvement in local control even with tme, but there has been no large prospective randomized trial which proved the efficacy of preoperative chemoradiotherapy compared with the standard postoperative chemoradiotherapy. although the final result of the german trial may give the answer for this question, there has been no randomized controlled trial which investigated the efficacy of preoperative chemoradiotherapy using oral fluoropyrimidine which have many theoretical and clinical advantages mentioned above; the german trial used 5-day continuous infusion of 5-fu. the investigators think that preoperative chemoradiotherapy with oral capecitabine could be new standard regimen in locally advanced rectal cancer, but this regimen must be compared with the standard postoperative chemoradiotherapy through well designed prospective randomized trial. based on the potential advantaged of preoperative chemoradiotherapy and oral fluoropyrimidine, the investigators planned prospective randomized phase iii trial which compares preoperative chemoradiotherapy and postoperative chemoradiotherapy with conventional radiation schedule and oral fluoropyrimidine to establish new standard neo-adjuvant therapy regimen in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma * tumor located below 10 cm from the anal verge * clinical stage t3 or potentially resectable t4, or n+ on endorectal ultrasonography (eus) and computed tomography (ct) * patients must be \> 18 years and \< 76 years * eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status 0-2 * adequate bone marrow reserve * adequate renal function * adequate liver function * signed informed consent prior to randomization exclusion criteria: * evidence of distant metastasis * previous history of chemotherapy or radiotherapy * history of malignancy during recent 5 years other than skin cancer * pregnant or lactating woman * familial history of colorectal cancer

Keywords: rectal cancer preoperative ccrt postoperative ccrt capecitabine
j-target,japanese telmisartan study for antihypertensive good effect in long term observation

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: the primary objective of this post marketing survey is to prospectively investigate patients with hypertension treated with micardis tablets (hereinafter "this drug") in routine clinical settings for 3 years in order to determine the following: 1. adverse events and adverse drug reactions under long-term use 2. blood pressure measurements during the survey period 3. determination of the incidence of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events under use of this drug in routine clinical settings 4. patient's lifestyle and background factors that are considered to affect the occurrence of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: hypertension patients unadministered micardis. exclusion criteria: 1. patients with a history of hypersensitivity to any ingredient of this product. 2. pregnant woman or possibly pregnant woman 3. patients with extremely poor bile secretion or patients with serious hepatic disorder
effect of indomethacin on the progression of alzheimer's disease

Conditions: Alzheimer Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is determine whether indomethacin is able to retard disease progression in patients with mild to moderate alzheimer's disease.

previous research indicates that inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of alzheimer's disease (ad), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) may retard the progression of the disease. comparison(s): cognitive decline of patients with mild to moderate ad receiving the nsaid indomethacin, compared to cognitive decline of patients with mild to moderate ad receiving placebo, during a one-year period.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patient will satisfy the dsm-iv criteria for dementia of the alzheimer's type. * the patient will satisfy the nincds/adrda criteria for the clinical diagnosis of probable alzheimer's disease (appendix i). * the severity of dementia for each patient will be quantified by a mini-mental state examination (mmse) score between 10 and 26 (both inclusive). * the patient is living at home or in a home for the elderly. * the patient has a responsible caregiver who is able to provide information about the patient's functional status. * written informed consent is obtained from the patient or the legally accepted representative. exclusion criteria: * the patient satisfies the ninds-airen criteria for probable vascular dementia. * a known exaggerated pharmacological sensitivity or allergy to nsaid's. * history of peptic ulceration, gastric surgery or gastrointestinal bleeding. * current diagnosis of active peptic ulceration. * current diagnosis of severe and unstable cardiovascular disease. * current diagnosis of renal failure. * advanced, severe and unstable disease of any type, other than alzheimer's disease, that may interfere with primary and secondary variable evaluations, including a medical condition which should be expected to progress, recur, or change to such an extent that it may bias the assessment of the clinical or mental status of the patient to a significant degree or put the patient at special risk. * intake of any of the following concomitant medications: salicylates, coumarin derivatives, ace-inhibitors, loop diuretics. * intake of any of the following concomitant medications more than two months immediately prior or during the study: nsaid's, systemic corticosteroids. * intake of any of the following concomitant medications with a possible effect on cognition: estrogen, deprenyl, vitamin e, neuroleptics, anticholinergics. patients using stable doses of cholinesterase inhibitors were eligible, with the provision that the dose should not be changed during the study. cholinesterase inhibitors could not be initiated during the study. * excessive use of alcohol (more than 5 units per day) * the patient is, either alone or with the aid of a caregiver, not able to reliably take the medication.

Keywords: dementia inflammation anti-inflammatory agents anti-inflammatory agents, non-steroidal drug therapy
metformin in breast cancer, visualized with positron emission tomography

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: the general purpose of the trial is to investigate whether metformin is taken up into the breast tumor. studies in the last few years have shown an effect of metformin on cell proliferation on breast cancer. it is though unclear whether the effect on tumor is direct, indirect or a combination of the two. the investigators plan to: * investigate if metformin is taken up in breast cancer using our novel 11c-metformin tracer and positron emission tomography (pet) * investigate whether the uptake is correlated to the amounts of organic cation transporters (oct1-3, mate 1 \&2 and pmat) using quantitive polymerase chain reaction (qpcr).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * over 50 years * c. mammae * tumor size: \> 10 mm in diameter * unilateral cancer * who performance status 0-1 exclusion criteria: * severe heart- or kidney failure * pregnant or breast feeding * if the patient is found not eligible for participation in the study på principal investigator

Keywords: metformin pharmacokinetics organic cation transporter multidrug and toxin extrusion pharmacogenetics positron emission tomography
assessment of adc values and radiomics characteristics with a mri of the prostate to identify tumor lesions

Conditions: Prostate Cancer (Adenocarcinoma)

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to assess the chance to predict prostate cancer with the analysis of specific values found in images obtained from rmmp (multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging) of patients who went through the procedure at irccs azienda ospedaliero-universitaria hospital in the city of bologna from september 2015 to march 2021. the main question it aims to answer is: - does the analysis of adc values and radiomics values found in the rmmp images help with the detection of prostate cancer?

the radiologist involved in this observational study will enroll the participants, collect their informed consent and radiological data. the urologist will collect the clinical data while the anatomo-pathologist will take care of the hystological data. the adc values of the suspected lesions and healthy parenchyma will be extracted from the mr exams. for the evaluation of radiometric characteristics, images will first be de-identified, the downloaded and processed by the hospital's medical physicists. the engineers at the university of bologna, led by medical investigators, will extract the radiomic characteristics all data will be anonymised and collected in a database shared between the collaborating operational units.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * presence of one or more lesions classified as pi-radsv2.1 ≥ 3 at a prostate rmmp at the irccs azienda ospedaliero-universitaria in bologna * indication for eco-guided targeted biopsy by fusion technique integrated with systematic biopsy * indication for radical prostatectomy * participants aged 18 at the time of examination * obtaining informed consent. exclusion criteria: * impossibility of performing mri (claustrophobic or obese participants etc.) or contraindications to the execution of mri * technically sub-optimal investigations for the presence of artifacts (hip prosthesis, movement of the endorectal probe, etc.)

Keywords: radiomics mpmri
age-dependency of cornea biomechanics using oct vibrography

Conditions: Cornea

Summary: the aim of this pilot study is to assess the ability of a new optical coherence tomography system to obtain information on biomechanics of the cornea.

the cornea, the clear front window of the eye, consists of finely intertwined collagen fibers, which give the cornea a microstructure that provides mechanical integrity necessary to maintain its typical dome-shape against the intraocular pressure (iop). changes in the biomechanical properties can lead to an abnormal corneal shape and refractive errors. as a result, light is not perfectly focused onto the retina and the vision is affected. a typical example of alterations in the cornea's biomechanical properties is found in patients with an eye disorder called keratoconus, which leads to progressive thinning of the cornea. numerous studies have shown that promising interventions like collagen crosslinking (cxl) can slow down an arrest progression of ectatic eye diseases. keratoconus, as a typical example, although it cannot be cured, could be at least halted by cxl. therefore, early diagnosis of ectasia is crucial for the patient. current diagnostic methods of ectasia are based on morphological rather than biomechanical analysis. the irregular patterns of the cornea can be detected by pachymetry and topography before clinical signs occur, but these tests cannot reliably differentiate truly weak or keratoconic corneas from atypical normal ones. these are compelling needs for improved diagnostic methods. more recently, and triggered by those unmet needs, an interest in the mechanical properties of the cornea has emerged. typical examples of mechanical properties are elastic modulus and corneal stiffness. in this pilot study the investigators will test the ability of a new oct vibrography system to determine cornea material parameters. more precisely, the investigators will study the oscillation response in human corneas in-vivo using a stimulus mechanism used to induce vibrations by touching the surface of the cornea. a localized vibration source paired together with phase-sensitive oct to measure the frequency response function of the human cornea and to analyze the dependency of the frequency response function on age. additionally the investigators will use brillouin microscopy data for computer simulations to validate oct vibrography results.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female subjects between the ages of 18 to 79 years * healthy normal subjects with no significant eye disease and no significant refractive errors exclusion criteria: * volunteers with implanted intraocular lenses * volunteers with lasik or any other eye surgery, and monocular volunteers * volunteers with restricted mobility, who cannot stand up, walk or sit still on a chair without a back * subjects who do not or cannot understand the instructions for imaging * subjects with diabetes, glaucoma family history * subjects who are pregnant and/or breastfeeding.

Keywords: biomechanics cornea optical coherence tomography vibrography brillouin microscopy