Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
impact of photobiomodulation on pain associated with orthodontic treatment

Conditions: Orthodontic; Pain

Summary: orthodontic treatment can cause pain. research studies have shown that light therapy can help reduce pain that is caused by orthodontic treatment. in this study, data was collected from the medical charts of patients who had orthodontic treatment and recorded their pain levels for 1 week at the beginning of orthodontic treatment while they used a light therapy device or did not use at device. this collected information was used to see if the light therapy device could lessen orthodontic pain.

orthodontic treatment can cause pain. this type of pain is the most common reason why patients stop orthodontic treatment or don't follow the instructions from the orthodontist. a company called pbm healing has made a dental device called pbm ortho that is used inside the mouth like a mouthguard. this device uses light therapy called photobiomodulation (pbm) to help with healing, move teeth faster, and lessen inflammation and pain. other research studies have shown that light therapy can help reduce pain that is caused by orthodontic treatment. in this research study, information from patients' medical charts was collected from 7 dental clinics located in japan. some patients at these clinics were asked to use the pbm ortho device every day for 1 week and to record how much pain they were having. other patients that did not use this device were simply asked to record their pain level every day for 1 week. this collected information was used to see if the light therapy device could lessen this pain from orthodontic treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * systemically healthy male and female patients (age 18 - 65), i.e., did not suffer from systemic illness nor require medication during the study period. * permanent dentition, with little's irregularity index (lii) of 2 mm or greater for the upper and lower arch. * orthodontic treatment using clear aligners or fixed appliances via non-extraction therapy. * non-smoker with no use of chewing tobacco. * good oral hygiene. * caries free. * no sign of periodontal disease. exclusion criteria: * systemic diseases * medication use for the past 6 months; especially use of anti-inflammatory (e.g., nsaids) * smoking. * active dental caries. * any periodontal problem including bleeding, tooth mobility, bone loss, attachment loss, deep pockets. * sleep apnea and other airway pathologies * photosensitivity or use of drugs that may cause photosensitivity * use of osteoporosis drugs * epilepsy * patients who had an implanted cardiac device unless the device is known to not be affected by magnetic fields
pounds off digitally study: a podcasting weight loss intervention

Conditions: Weight Loss

Summary: participants in both the existing and enhanced podcast groups will lose weight. the enhanced podcasting group will have a greater increase in weight loss, elaboration, self-efficacy, and perceived control than the existing podcast group.

we will conduct a weight loss intervention study among adults. using the weight loss podcast that receives the highest rating from a previous content analysis, we will conduct an intervention comparing the best existing weight loss podcast to an enhanced podcast. the enhanced podcast will be based on theoretical constructs that have been shown to be effective in producing weight loss in other research studies. we will then evaluate the effectiveness of podcasting to promote weight loss in adults. weight change from baseline to 12-weeks and changes in psychosocial measures will be used to assess differences between the existing podcast, enhanced podcast, and control conditions. in conclusion, this research study aims to find innovative and inexpensive ways to help people lose weight. podcasting has the possibility of reaching a wide range of age and ethnic groups and will allow people to receive weight loss information when and where it is convenient for them.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: be 18-50 years old be overweight or obese (bmi between 25-35) but not severely or morbidly obese live in the chapel hill area be able to attend an introduction meeting and weigh-in before the study and a weigh-in after the study have access to the internet and a computer with a sound card have a working mp3 player that can connect to a computer have access to a scale be willing to be randomized to any group exclusion criteria: smoker current major health or psychiatric diseases, drug or alcohol dependency, uncontrolled thyroid conditions, eating disorder, or pregnancy participation in a weight loss program or taking weight loss medications

Keywords: weight loss elaboration self efficacy
tobacco zero: interactive tobacco education for teens

Conditions: Tobacco Use Disorder

Summary: there have been a number of tobacco prevention programs developed and tested in the past few years, and some of the comprehensive programs have been promoted by the office on smoking and health at the centers for disease control (cdc). however, the use of these programs and integration into school-based curriculum has been lacking due to a number of factors. we are proposing to develop an interactive computer-based program for tobacco prevention aimed at middle school students. the cd-rom is designed to be an adjunct to the existing health education curriculum provided for 6th through 8th grade students.

the cd-rom is based upon our phase i prototype program entitled tobacco world in which students are presented with a video arcade interface that offers them random access to several game-like activities in which they learn about tobacco and the negative health effects associated with tobacco use. we will expand the menu of options to include more complex activities and entertaining games. the phase ii program will deliver engaging media to educate students about the risks of tobacco and peer and industry influences on their decisions regarding tobacco. games and activities will be designed to act on mechanisms shown to be effective in decreasing intentions to use tobacco through changing attitudes, social images, beliefs about short and long term physical consequences, perceptions of peers' social images, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. we will test individual components of the program with middle school students for effectiveness in changing mediating variables related to initiation and use of tobacco. the final program will be evaluated in a randomized trial where middle schools in oregon and new york will be assigned to either an established tobacco prevention curriculum, or to the usual tobacco curriculum plus the tobacco world program. students will be assessed at pre-, post- and 6-month follow-up to evaluate the impact of program use on intentions, and actual tobacco use.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * middle school students in 6th or 7th or 8th grade in oregon and new york city whose parents have consented to have their child participate; * middle school health education teachers in oregon and new york city exclusion criteria: * students unable to understand english.

Keywords: tobacco use among middle and junior high school students remains a concern among health educators. the use of tobacco prevention programs and their integration into school-based curricula has been lacking due to a number of factors.
substrate metabolism, growth hormone signaling, and insulin sensitivity during fasting

Conditions: Healthy

Summary: background: calorie restriction increases longevity in many species and attenuate the development of chronic disorders including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. in mice reduced activity of insulin-like growth factor i (igf-i) and/or insulin is associated with extended longevity. growth hormone (gh) is the main regulator of igf-i production, but the molecular mechanism whereby gh switches from igf-i stimulation (protein anabolism) to fatty acid oxidation (fatty acid catabolism) as well as induction of insulin resistance during fasting remains enigmatic. hypotheses: the changes of the global set of metabolites, induction of insulin resistance, and the shift in metabolism from protein anabolism to lipolysis together with the potentially favorable effect of calorie restriction during fasting depend on preserved fasting-induced gh secretion. aim: the investigators wish to provide knowledge on changes in metabolites and shift in signaling pathways that take place at the transition to the fasting state among healthy overweight and obese subjects. furthermore the investigators wish to determine the effect of gh on the adaption of the metabolism to a fasting state.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy men * written consent * body mass index (bmi) 25-40 * age 20-60 years exclusion criteria: * any kind of disease * regular medication
study of bms-986012 in subjects with small cell lung caner

Conditions: Small Cell Lung Cancer

Summary: a study to evaluate safety and tolerability of bms-986012 in patients with small cell lung cancer


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: for more information regarding bristol-myers squibb clinical trial participation, please visit www.bmsstudyconnect.com * histological or cytological confirmed small cell lung cancer (sclc) * eastern cooperative oncology group performance status 0-1 * at least one measurable lesion that is not amenable to resection. * adequate organ function exclusion criteria: * symptomatic central nervous system (cns) metastases * grade ≥ 2 peripheral neuropathy * uncontrolled or significant cardiac disease * active or chronic infection with human immunodeficiency virus(hiv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), or hepatitis c virus (hcv) other protocol defined inclusion/exclusion criteria could apply
coronary atherosclerosis evaluation by arterial wall magnetic resonance imaging (mri)

Conditions: Coronary Arteriosclerosis; Arteriosclerosis, Coronary; Atherosclerosis, Coronary; Coronary Artery Disease; Coronary Atherosclerosis

Summary: the overall goal of this study is to use mri to: * examine the relationship between known risk factors for cardiovascular disease and coronary artery wall thickness; * examine the relationship between coronary artery wall thickness and other markers of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis, such as carotid wall thickness and coronary calcium scores; and, * examine the feasibility of measuring the progression of coronary artery wall thickness over time in a subset of participants.

each enrolled participant will undergo mr imaging of the coronary arteries in conjunction with their routine mesa follow-up visit. the mri will last approximately 45-60 minutes

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * prior enrollment in the mesa study at the hopkins mesa field center or the northwestern university mesa field center * male or female adult equal to or older than 45 years of age * willing/able to provide informed consent exclusion criteria: * any known contraindications to mri (i.e. severe claustrophobia, pacemaker, etc.) * metal in the eyes

Keywords: mesa mri cardiovascular cardiac coronary atherosclerosis
methadone vs magnesium in spinal fusion

Conditions: Idiopathic Scoliosis

Summary: significant pain may occur following posterior spinal fusion despite the use of conventionally accepted techniques including patient controlled analgesia. if detected, a significant reduction in opioid requirements may lead to improved patient satisfaction and decreased opiate side effects. the current study would use a prospective, randomized trial investigating the efficacy of one of 2 regimens as adjuncts to intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative analgesia, along with a third control group. the patients would be randomized to receive remifentanil plus a single intraoperative dose of methadone; remifentanil plus a bolus followed by an infusion of magnesium; or remifentanil alone. in addition, the two medications being studied might make it easier to determine the efficacy of neurophysiologic monitoring including somatosensory evoked potential (ssep) (amplitude and latency) and motor evoked potential (mep) (ma) required to elicit the response. the purpose of this study would be to explore the effects of intraoperative methadone vs magnesium on intraoperative anesthetic requirements, postoperative opioid requirements, the efficacy of neurophysiologic monitoring including ssep and mep, inspired concentration of desflurane, remifentanil, and the need for intraoperative supplemental agents to control blood pressure.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients older than 12, and younger than 19 years of age undergoing posterior spinal fusion for idiopathic scoliosis * american society of anesthesiologist (asa) physical status i or ii * parents/guardian willing and able to authorize informed consent * patients willing and able to authorize assent exclusion criteria: * patients presenting with neuromuscular scoliosis * patients deemed at increased risk of adverse reactions due to the presence of pre-existing severe organ system dysfunction, including debilitating lung disease, severe obstructive sleep apnea, severe congenital or acquired heart disease, and/or severe renal impairment * patients who are both being currently treated for a psychological disorder and have a history of hospitalization for said disorder

Keywords: spinal fusion scoliosis methadone magnesium adolescents back surgery
study comparing 3 dosage levels of sam-531 in outpatients with mild to moderate alzheimer disease

Conditions: Alzheimer Disease

Summary: the study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of an investigational drug called sam-531 at three dosage levels. subjects will receive either one of the 3 dosage levels of sam-531, donepezil or placebo for the first 24 weeks of the study (period i). subjects who receive placebo for period i will be assigned to receive the highest dose of sam-531 sam-531 for the remaining 28 weeks of the study, while subjects who received one of the three sam-531 dosage levels or donepezil in period i will continue with the same study drug (period ii).

the study was stopped (date of termination was 13april2011) due to a 6 month interim analysis: all of the 3 sam-531 dosage levels were declared futile. there were no safety concerns.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of probable alzheimer disease according to the national institute of neurological and communicative disorders and stroke-alzheimer's diseases and related disorders association (nincds-adrda) criteria. * mini-mental state examination (mmse) score of 12 to 24 at screening * rosen modified hachinski ischemic score \< or equal to 4 at screening. exclusion criteria: * relevant neurologic disease other than alzheimer disease that may affect cognition or ability to complete the study. * current major depressive disorder or other current major psychiatric disorder. * history of clinically evident stroke or clinically important carotid or vertebrobasilar stenosis or plaque. * use of prescription or nonprescription medications for cognitive enhancement (including memantine, ginkgo biloba, huperzine a, and cholinesterase inhibitors) within 3 months before the baseline visit.
a four-week study comparing acetaminophen extended release and rofecoxib in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee

Conditions: Osteoarthritis of the Knee

Summary: to compare acetaminophen (tylenol) with rofecoxib (viox) for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee

an initial screening visit was performed in order to assess subject medical history and the potential eligibility of subjects. following the initial screening visit, all potential subjects underwent a washout period from their usual arthritis medication and returned to the study center for a baseline visit to verify their eligibility. at the completion of the baseline visit, all eligible subjects were randomly assigned to a treatment group and instructed on the dosing regimen for their assigned study medication. subjects returned to the study center for follow-up visits after week 1 and week 2 of treatment and a final visit after week 4 of treatment or upon discontinuation from the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * symptomatic idiopathic osteoarthritis of the knee for a minimum of six months duration requiring treatment with either an analgesic or anti-inflammatory agent on a regular basis (greater than or equal to three days/week) for at least three months. * a history of osteoarthritis of the knee characterized by pain of at least a moderate intensity. * demonstrated radiographic evidence of mild to moderate osteoarthritis based on the kellgren and lawrence radiographic entry criteria of grade 2 or 3 osteoarthritis. * subjects' physical ability was to be either american college of rheumatology (acr) function class i or ii * at the baseline visit, subjects must have reported a maximum pain intensity experienced over the previous 24 hours of at least moderate on a five-point scale of none(0), mild(1), moderate(2), moderately severe(3), or severe(4) in order to be enrolled in the study. exclusion criteria: * medical history, physical examinations, or radiographs suggestive of other types of arthritis, pseudogout, collagen vascular disease or fibromyalgia. * medical or psychiatric conditions that may influence absorption, metabolism, or excretion of the study medications or interfere with interpretation of adverse reactions to the study drug. * history of allergy, sensitivity, contraindication or non-response to acetaminophen, rofecoxib, or drugs classified as nsaids including aspirin. * use of concomitant medications that might interfere with study drug assessments, including intra-articular corticosteroids. * signs of active knee inflammation, morning stiffness of greater than 30 minutes duration. * rheumatoid factor quantitative value greater than or equal to 40 iu/ml or a westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rate greater than or equal to 40 mm/hour. * acr functional class iii or iv, or unable to walk without assistive devices. * pregnancy, lactation, or expect to become pregnant within one month of study completion.
vitamin d supplementation and respiratory index of severity in children (risc) in pneumonia

Conditions: Pneumonia

Summary: childhood deaths from pneumonia is almost 2000 times higher in developing countries than in developed countries. in 1970, pneumonia was responsible for 9% of all deaths in children under 5 years. this rate was 2% in 2007. some studies have shown that supplementing with vitamin d reduces disease of the respiratory tract infection. some other studies have shown anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin d in cell lines. studies about the role of vitamin d supplementation in pneumonia in children are inadequate to conclude about its role. the aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of vitamin d supplementation in respiratory index of severity in children (risc) hospitalized clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria * aged between 2 months to 6 years * definite diagnosis of pneumonia exclusion criteria * immunocompromised patients * airway hypersensitivity or asthma * allergies * nasal polyps * using inhaled medications to one month prior to the study * receiving high doses of vitamin d * avoiding to complete informed consent form
testosterone for treating cachexia in patients with squamous cell carcinoma

Conditions: Cachexia; Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Summary: rationale: testosterone may lessen weight loss and improve muscle size and strength in patients with cachexia caused by cancer. purpose: this randomized phase i trial is studying whether testosterone administered during standard of care chemotherapy and/or radiation works by helping patients with squamous cell carcinoma to maintain their body weight and muscle size and strength during treatment.

objectives: * to determine the effect of testosterone therapy on lean body mass and muscle strength in patients with advanced or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma. * to determine the testosterone therapy on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with advanced or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma. outline: patients are stratified according to age and disease stage. patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. * arm i: patients receive standard of care chemotherapy and/or radiation and placebo testosterone intramuscularly (im) weekly for 7 weeks. * arm ii: patients receive standard of care chemotherapy and/or radiation and testosterone im weekly for 7 weeks. patients undergo dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, muscle strength tests, stable isotope metabolic studies, indirect calorimetry studies, and assessment of their physical activity level, and nutritional counseling. patients also complete mood, fatigue, and quality-of-life questionnaires. blood, muscle tissue, and urine samples are collected periodically for laboratory studies. samples are analyzed for serum inflammatory biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines by immunoassay. after completion of study treatment, patients are followed periodically for 1 year.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of advanced (stage iib, iiia, or iiib) or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma * eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status 0-1 * mini mental state examination score \> 23 exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * evidence of hepatitis as indicated by a 3-fold increase in 2 out of 3 liver enzymes * significant liver, renal, or heart disease * diabetes mellitus or other untreated endocrine disease * polycystic ovary syndrome and/or hyperthecosis * androgen secreting tumors of the ovary and adrenal or any ovarian tumors (e.g., sertoli- leydig cell tumor) * non-classical adrenal hyperplasia * cushing's syndrome * glucocorticoid resistance * hyperprolactinoma or hypothyroidism * lactose intolerance * alcohol or drug abuse * recent treatment (within 3 months) with anabolic steroids * ongoing anticoagulant therapy * any other circumstance that would preclude study participation, in the opinion of the principal investigator or study physician

Keywords: stage iib cervical cancer stage iii cervical cancer recurrent cervical cancer cachexia advanced head/neck carcinoma recurrent head/neck carcinoma
study assessing safety and efficacy of b-cure laser treating diabetic chronic wounds

Conditions: Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Summary: for centuries, light has been a well-known and effective healing method. in the beginning of the 20th century there was a first attempt to condense light energy and distribute it in higher levels, a use that was successfully applied on many soldiers wounded in the second world war. the laser, which is based on the quantum phenomenon of stimulated emission, was first demonstrated in the beginning of the 1960s and immediately received many applications in all areas of medicine.many different studies were carried out in the past decade trying to assess the effect of laser therapy on properties of healing wounds. this study aim to assess the efficacy and safety of low-level laser therapy (lllt) in the treatment of non-healing diabetic foot ulcers.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. known diabetes mellitus 2. with an active chronic wound in the foot, that has been treated conventionally for over 3 months. 3. no known osteomyelitis. 4. size of wound: 1-8 cm2. 5. ages: 21 - 75 6. gender: male and female exclusion criteria: 1. signs of osteomyelitis. 2. the ability to probe to bone with the presence of local or systemic infection and suggestive radiological features provided a clinical diagnosis of osteomyelitis. 3. there is active osteomyelitis in the bone underlying the ulcer. 4. pregnant women. 5. children under 21. 6. presence of or known cancerous comorbidity.