Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures: percutaneously placed pedicle screws versus open treatment

Conditions: Thoracolumbar Spine Trauma

Summary: in patients presenting with type a and type b1, b2 thoracolumbar fractures, there is a lack of evidence demonstrating similar outcomes between patients treated with percutaneous pedicle screws and those treated openly. it has been demonstrated that percutaneous pedicle screw fixation has fared well for patients in the short term; however, it is unclear whether the outcomes are equivalent or inferior/superior compared to open treatment. the authors seek to establish a high-level evidence base to determine clinical patient outcomes, radiographic outcomes, as well as cost-effectiveness data in comparing thoracolumbar burst fracture patients treated with percutaneous pedicle screws, open treatment, and brace treatment. additionally, the authors seek to establish data relating to patient occupational data, complications, and need for further surgery (revision/removal of hardware), as well as short-term variables relating to hospital visit (length of stay, estimated blood loss, time under fluoroscopy).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients from ages 18 and older who present to allegheny general hospital with an acute thoracolumbar fracture will be considered eligible for the study (i.e. \<3 weeks from trauma date). * minor fractures around the fracture site or compression fractures will be permitted if they do not require treatment * for the purposes of the study, patients must be english-speaking and live within the 100 mile radius from the greater pittsburgh area for consent and follow-up purposes * patients who cannot safely undergo brace treatment due to comorbidities such as obesity, pulmonary injury, elderly status, reliability, and multitrauma * patients must have type a or type b1,b2 thoracolumbar fracture (must be able to correct deformity through percutaneous instrumentation) exclusion criteria: * patients presenting with a neurologic deficit * patients who receive a laminectomy for decompression of the neural elements * patients who have a significant head injury * oncologic patients * women who were found to be pregnant or breast feeding at any point during their admission, hospital stay, treatment, or clinical follow-up. * individuals who are currently incarcerated. * adolescents under 18 years of age. * patients who have a relative contraindication to operative treatment will be excluded - infection, skin disease, bleeding disorder, etc.

Keywords: randomized thoracolumbar fractures spine trauma percutaneous pedicle screw fixation functional outcome
prevalence and factors associated with atrial fibrillation in patients with type 2 diabetes

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation; Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: this case-control study was conducted at burapha university hospital. the 12-lead electrocardiography recordings of type 2 diabetes patients were reviewed by a cardiologist to confirm the presence of atrial fibrillation. the clinical parameters, including age, sex, body-mass index, underlying medical conditions, blood pressure, heart rate, type 2 diabetes duration, laboratory values, and medications were analyzed and compared between atrial fibrillation and non-atrial fibrillation patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * outpatients with type 2 diabetes who visited the medical clinic between june 2022 and june 2023 exclusion criteria: * patients with missing information on the urinary albumin value and electrocardiograms at the latest date
using serum parathyroid hormones and calcium to improve prostate cancer diagnosis

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: this is a cross sectional study to examine the relationship between serum calcium and pthrp and serum psa in men referred for prostate biopsy at wake forest university.

this is a cross sectional study to examine the relationship between serum calcium and pthrp and serum psa in men referred for prostate biopsy at wake forest university. men scheduled for biopsy will be approached by the study nurse who will explain the study and invite the men to participate. after the patients provide written consent, she/he will obtain the following information from the patient chart: age, race (self-report, white, black, other), height, weight (for determination of body mass index, a variable reported to influence psa). blood draw for study analytes will be coordinated with routine blood draw for psa testing to minimize the need for an additional needle stick. a copy of the informed consent is given to the patient and the original is placed in a file for the p.i. the biopsy status of men at the time they are invited to participate is unknown. men are "sorted" into cancer and non-cancer groups only after their biopsies are read. serum samples are sent to the department of laboratory medicine at wake forest. all assays are performed "in house". based on consultation with our urologists, we anticipate that approximately 30% of the biopsies will be positive (i.e., prostate cancer). the majority (approximately 70%) will be negative (benign). approximately 1-2% of the biopsies may be classified as "indeterminate". because there will not be a sufficient number of "indeterminate" pathologies to be treated as a separate category, this group will not be analyzed further. however, men with "indeterminate" biopsies are eligible for the study if they are re-biopsied.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men age \> 40 years * men referred for biopsy because of an abnormal or suspicious psa digital rectal exam, or both. * ability and willingness to sign a written, irb-approved informed consent document exclusion criteria: * men using drugs known to interfere with serum psa or with serum pthrp and calcium. drugs known to interfere with psa include 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors (proscar). drugs known to interfere with calcium and/or pth include lithium and thiazide diuretics. * patients with prior transurethral resection of the prostate (turp) or equivalent procedure (laser incision). in these men the reduction in prostatic volume may give a biased estimate of the relationship between psa, calcium and pthrp. * patients on dialysis. these are excluded because dialysis increases the percentage of free psa in serum.
safety and efficacy of peg-rhg-csf in preventing neutropenia in children with tumor after chemotherapy

Conditions: Pediatric Cancer

Summary: the purpose is to evaluate the safety of peg-rhg-csf in the prevention of neutropenia in children with tumor after chemotherapy, and then evaluate the effectiveness of peg-rhg-csf in preventing neutropenia in children with tumor after chemotherapy.

the dosage was determined according to the patient's weight, 100 ug / kg each time; the method of administration: subcutaneous injection; the time of administration: 24-48 hours after the end of chemotherapy, once in each chemotherapy cycle.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - 1)6 years \< age \< 18 years old, regardless of gender; 2)tumor patients diagnosed by histopathology or bone marrow cytology; 3)patients who have not been treated for the first time; 4)ecog score ≤ 2; 5)the expected survival time is more than 8 months; 6)the hematopoietic function of bone marrow was normal (anc ≥ 1.5 × 109 / l, plt ≥ 80 × 109 / l, hb ≥ 75 g / l, wbc ≥ 3.0 × 109 / l); 7)receive high-intensity chemotherapy, such as scccg lymphoma, cav / ie, vip regimen, etc., and expect bone marrow suppression of grade iii or above after chemotherapy. 8)patient's parent or guardian signs informed consent. exclusion criteria: * patients with any of the following items will not be enrolled in this study: 1. local or systemic infection without adequate control; 2. severe visceral dysfunction; 3. liver function test: total bilirubin (tbil), alanine aminotransferase (alt), aspartate aminotransferase (ast) were all higher than 2.5 times of the upper limit of normal value; if due to liver metastasis, the above indicators were more than 5 times of the upper limit of normal value; renal function test: serum creatinine (cr) \> 2 times of the upper limit of normal value; 4. those who took the same kind of other tested drugs or accepted clinical trials of other drugs within 4 weeks before enrollment; 5. allergic to peg-rhg-csf, rhg-csf and other preparations or proteins expressed by escherichia coli; 6. serious mental illness, affecting informed consent and / or expression or observation of adverse reactions; 7. the researcher judged the patients who were not suitable to participate.
study to compare the effectiveness and safety of golcadomide plus r-chop vs placebo plus r-chop in participants with previously untreated high-risk large b-cell lymphoma

Conditions: Large B-cell Lymphoma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of golcadomide in combination with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (r-chop) chemotherapy vs placebo in combination with r-chop chemotherapy in participants with previously untreated high-risk large b-cell lymphoma (lbcl).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - histologically confirmed (per local evaluation) diagnosis of de novo, previously untreated large b-cell lymphoma (lbcl) according to 2022 world health organization (who) classification including: i) diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (dlbcl), not otherwise specified \[including germinal center b-cell (gcb) and activated b-cell (abc) types\] ii) high-grade b-cell lymphoma, with myc and bcl2 rearrangements (hgbl-myc/bcl2 double-hit lymphomas) iii) high-grade b-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified iv) t-cell/histiocyte/rich large b-cell lymphoma (thrlbcl) v) epstein-barr virus + dlbcl * international prognostic index (ipi) score 1 or 2 with lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) \> 1.3 x upper limit of normal (uln) and/or bulky disease defined as single lesion of ≥ 7 cm or ipi ≥ 3. * measurable disease defined by at least 1 fluorodeoxyglucose (fdg)-avid lesion for fdg-avid subtype and 1 bi-dimensionally measurable (\> 1.5 cm in longest diameter) disease by computed tomography (ct) or magnetic resonance imaging (mri), as defined by the lugano classification. * must have ann arbor stage ii-iv disease. exclusion criteria: * any significant medical condition, active infection, laboratory abnormality, or psychiatric illness that would prevent the participant from participating in the study. * any other subtype of lymphoma. cases of primary mediastinal (thymic) large b-cell lymphoma (pmbcl), primary cutaneous dlbcl-leg type, grade 3b fl, indolent lymphoma transformed to large b-cell lymphoma (lbcl), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (alk) positive large b-cell lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and burkitt lymphoma. * documented or suspected central nervous system (cns) involvement by lymphoma. * other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria apply.

Keywords: lymphoma, large b-cell lymphoma bms-986369 cc-99282 dlbcl
helical tomotherapy as a radiotherapy technique for treating bone metastases

Conditions: Bone Neoplasms

Summary: to assess the safety and efficacy of a single fraction of radiotherapy using helical tomotherapy to treat bone metastases.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * painful metastatic bone disease from any malignancy exclusion criteria: * previous rt to same area * contraindications to rt

Keywords: tomotherapy bone metastases radiotherapy intensity modulated
a net ultrafiltration challenge to predict preload-dependence (uf challenge)

Conditions: Acute Kidney Injury

Summary: hemodynamic instability episodes are a frequent complication of renal replacement therapies in critically ill patients, and their incidence is associated with worse survival. hypovolemia, identified by the existence of biventricular preload dependence, is responsible for one episode out of two, and may justify a decrease in or cessation of fluid removal by net ultrafiltration (uf). to date, preload dependence is most frequently identified by evaluating the effects on cardiac output of postural changes (passive leg raising), impact of cardio-pulmonary interactions in ventilated patients, or fluid challenge. however, none of these tests may help identify a patient whose cardiac output is at risk of becoming preload dependent, that is situated at the inflexion point of the frank starling curve. our study aims to evaluate the effects on cardiac output (measured by a transpulmonary thermodilution technique) of 2 net ultrafiltration challenges, consisting fast removal of 250 ml of ultrafiltrate over 15 and 30 minutes respectively, and compare their diagnostic performance to the reference technique of preload dependence assessed by postural changes (passive leg raising) performed after the uf challenge. enrolled participants will undergo both uf challenges, following a randomized crossover design, in which the order of uf challenge duration (15 or 30 minutes) is randomized, separated by a washout period of 24 hours.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patient, aged 18 year or older * under mechanical ventilation and continuous general anesthesia, with a positive end-expiratory pressure of 5 cmh2o or more * with stage 3 kdigo acute kidney injury * treated with continuous renal replacement therapy for less than 14 days * ongoing continuous cardiac output monitoring * with a predicted intensive care length of stay of 24 hours or more at time of screening exclusion criteria: * high arterial lactate concentration, \> 4.0 mmol/l at time of screening * calibrated cardiac index \ 4.0 l/min/m2 at time of screening * positive postural change maneuver in the last 2 hours preceding screening * patient under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation * patient with active bleeding requiring emergent transfusion * patient under chronic maintenance dialysis or renal transplant recipient * acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke complicated with coma and requiring mechanical ventilation * fulminant hepatitis (acute liver injury, hepatic encephalopathy, icterus and a drop in prothrombin \< 50% in less that 15 days * impossible postural change maneuver * pregnant or lactating patient * imminent death * patient under legal protection measures as by french regulation * patient already enrolled in the present study * patient already participates in a study with protocolized net ultrafiltration, ongoing at time of screening

Keywords: acute kidney injury renal replacement therapy hemodynamics preload dependence net ultrafiltration
interpersonal psychotherapy for maternal depression

Conditions: Maternal Depression

Summary: depression related to pregnancy frequently presents postpartum depression, which has deteriorating and lasting negative effects, not only on infant and child well being but also on mother's and father's mental health (nancy k et al 2009). it is therefore important to introduce interventions aiming to improve mental health of mothers that could minimize the risk of diseases, and have positive effect child's on physical and psychological developmental wellbeing. therefore, this project has been designed to assess the effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy for postnatal depression in pakistan.

prevalence of depression in the postnatal period is 10% to 17 % in western world ( o 'hara and swain 1996; josseffson et al 2001; yoshida et al 2001) and 23% to 36% in the developing world (rahman et al 2003; patel et al 2002; husain et al 2006). in developed countries, studies indicate that maternal depression is associated with long-term emotional, cognitive and behavioral problem in children. there is evidence of link between maternal psychopathology to physical health of child. research evidence also indicates that long-term negative impact of postnatal depression is on the mother's mental health, on infant's development and on the marital relationship (reay, fisher, robertson, adams and owen 2005). because of high prevalence of maternal depression in low income countries like pakistan, the present study is designed to test the effectiveness of interpersonal psychotherapy for women with maternal depression. the participants will be recruited from civil hospital karachi and also from three different communities. total 50 participants will be recruited and randomized to 2 groups: either intervention or tau group. assessment will be done on baseline, after completion of intervention and 3 months after completion of intervention. assessment will include edinburg postnatal depression scale, patient health questionnaire-9, generalized anxiety disorder-7 and rosenberg self esteem scale. participants in intervention group will receive 12 sessions of interpersonal psychotherapy (ipt)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * mothers age 18 years and above older with child below 3 years of age * meet the criteria for mild to moderate depressive symptoms on (epds (cut off score above 10) and * were resident of trial catchment area were included in the study. exclusion criteria: * mothers who were suffering from severe depression, with diagnosed learning or physical disability or * any major psychiatric illness other than maternal depression, with alcohol and substance dependent or * actively suicidal were excluded from the study.

Keywords: maternal depression interpersonal psycotherapy
patients navigators in facilitating weight management in obese participants

Conditions: Health Status Unknown; Obesity

Summary: this trial studies the effectiveness of patient navigators in facilitating weight management in obese participants. health coaches or patient navigators may help more participants take part in weight management programs.

primary objectives: i. to evaluate the effectiveness of patient navigators to increase enrollment in evidence-based weight management programs. secondary objectives: i. to evaluate the effectiveness of patient navigators to increase overall attendance or use of evidence-based weight management programs. ii. to evaluate the effectiveness of patient navigators to promoting and facilitating positive health behavior change: increased physical activity; improved diet; and weight loss. outline: participants are randomized to 1 of 2 groups. group i: participants receive information about commercially-available weight management programs and encouragement to participate in one of the programs for 6 months. group ii: participants receive information about commercially-available weight management programs encouragement to participate in one of the programs for 6 months. participants also receive 6 phone calls over 20-30 minutes each from an assigned patient navigator for 6 months. after completion of the study, participants are followed up at 2 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * are referred by a university of texas (ut) health care provider * have a body mass index (bmi) greater than or equal to 30 and less than or equal to 45 kg/m\^2 * are able to read and speak english * have a working telephone number and address where materials can be mailed * able to engage in moderate intensity physical activity as determined by the physical activity readiness questionnaire (par-q) * internet access at home or other location (e.g., work, church, library, community center, etc.) exclusion criteria: * another person in the same household already enrolled in the proposed intervention * pregnant or thinking about becoming pregnant during the study period * are already involved in another weight loss program * participated in a weight loss, exercise, or dietary modification program in the previous 6 months * involuntary or voluntary weight loss of greater than or equal to 5% body weight in the previous 6 months * are currently using weight loss medications
moderate alcohol consumption and heart function in patients with a recent myocardial infarction

Conditions: Myocardial Infarction

Summary: a total of 220 patients (110 per arm) who report moderate alcohol consumption between 4 and 28 standard units (1 standard unit = \~10 grams) per week in the 12 months prior to hospital admission will be planned for randomization, using a 1:1 ratio to pursue moderate alcohol consumption (1 standard unit per day for women and 2 standard units per day for men for 12 months) or abstinence (except for one drink on predefined/agreed special occasions) for a total duration of 3 months. an echocardiography will be performed at baseline and 3 months to assess changes in systolic cardiac function (lvef) for the primary endpoint. a core laboratory team blinded to assignment will perform data interpretation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hospitalization for acute st-elevation mi (stemi) or non st-elevation mi (nstemi) within 365 days prior to screening * men and women aged ≥18 years who are capable and willing to provide consent * ecg ischemic changes, such as persistent or dynamic st-segment deviation * evidence of positive high-sensitive troponin * confirmation of coronary heart disease aetiology by angiography * capacity to complete study visits with strict adherence to the protocol assignment * self-reported average alcohol consumption of between 4 and 28 standard units per week in the 12 months prior to the index hospitalization. exclusion criteria: * high alcohol consumption, defined as an average of \>28 alcoholic standard units/week in the 12 months prior to the index hospitalization * alcohol use disorder (audit score \>20 at screening) * history of alcohol or substance abuse * naïve to alcohol consumption * light alcohol consumption (\<4 standard units by week) * prior severe heart failure (nyha iii-iv) * severe lv dysfunction at screening (\<30%) * history of gastric ulcer or gastro-intestinal bleeding * serious chronic liver disease or liver test elevation (\> 3 times upper limit normal range) * personal history of any colon or liver cancer * any active malignancy (less than 5 years or ongoing treatment) * estimated glomerular filtration rate 15 ml/min/1.73m² or end-stage renal disease * any medication (investigator's discretion) making study participation impractical or precluding required follow-up * history of organ transplant * participation in another trial testing intervention on similar cv outcomes (investigator's discretion) * any medical, geographic, or social factor making study participation impractical or precluding required follow-up. * pregnant, breastfeeding or planning to become pregnant within 12 months.