Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
human papillomavirus in young people epidemiological research 4

Conditions: Human Papillomavirus Infection; HPV; HPV Infection; Anal Cancer; Cancer; Men; HPV 16 Infection

Summary: anal cancer is overrepresented among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (msm), particularly those living with hiv. australia was the first country to introduce a publicly funded national hpv vaccination program in 2007. this program was expanded to include schoolboys aged 12-13 years in 2013; with a 2-year catch-up for boys aged up to 15 years. the goal of the hyper4 study is to determine the prevalence of anal, genital and oral hpv among 500 young gay and bisexual men aged 21-25 years who were eligible for the school-based gender-neutral quadrivalent vaccination program. participants will be required to complete a questionnaire and provide samples for hpv testing. no follow-up visits will be required.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men aged 21 to 25 years old in 2023-2024 * same-sex attracted * residing in australia since 2013 exclusion criteria: * unable to complete all study requirements in english

Keywords: vaccination vaccine public health prevention men who have sex with men gay and bisexual men immunisation
pharmacokinetics of implanon in obese women

Conditions: Contraception; Obesity

Summary: prior studies examining the pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of the new etonogestrel-containing single rod implantable contraceptive device, implanon, did not include women who exceeded 130% of ideal body weight. yet, as these women comprise a significant portion of the u.s. population, studies of implanon in obese women are essential. the proposed study represents an important first step in addressing the lack of data on implanon in obese women. we aim to examine the pharmacokinetics of implanon in obese women during the first 6 months of use and to provide data on the acceptability, side effect profile, and ease of insertion, palpation, and removal in these women. we also aim to collect samples for future validation studies of the use of the blood spot (finger-stick blood sample on filter paper) as a method of determining plasma etonogestrel.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * premenopausal with a uterus and at least one ovary * willing and able to sign the informed consent * willing to comply with the study protocol and visit schedule * have a body mass index of less than 25, or greater than or equal to 30 * weight stable exclusion criteria: * known or suspected pregnancy * delivery (vaginal or cesarean) within 4 months of device insertion * abortion (first or second trimester) within 4 months of device insertion * contraindications to implanon use * hemophilia * undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding * hypersensitivity or allergy to any components of implanon * personal or family history of thrombosis or thromboembolic disorders * hepatic tumors or active liver disease * known or suspected carcinoma of the breast or history of breast cancer * more that one cardiovascular risk factor such as hypertension or diabetes * known history of pcos, diabetes, or glucose abnormality * present use or use within 2 months of device insertion of a cyp3a4 inducer * breastfeeding women * use of an investigational drug within 2 months of device insertion * use of injectable contraception within 6 months of device insertion * planning a pregnancy in the next 12 months * known hiv infection * smoking over the age of 35

Keywords: contraception implanon obesity blood spots implant pharmacokinetics
effects of conbercept in refractory uveitic macular edema and vegf

Conditions: Uveitis; Macular Edema; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; Effect of Drugs

Summary: as a primary exploratory study, this study aims to evaluate the short-term effectiveness of intravitreal conbercept injection in ume, and to explore the correlation between inflammatory factors like vegf and the responsiveness to treatment.

uveitic macular edema (ume) is one of the commonest and severest complications of chronic uveitis, and is also one of the important causes of permanent vision loss in uveitis. the pathophysiological mechanism of ume remains unclear, but was thought to be caused by damages of internal/external blood-retinal barrier mediated by inflammatory factors, including interleukin-2, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor α, prostaglandins and vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf). current treatments of ume include local or systemic glucocorticosteroids (gcs), immunosuppressants and biological agents. although large dose of systemic gcs combined with immunosuppressants lead to quick resolution of me in most of the cases, ume often relapse with tapering of gcs, and the side effects can be significant. periocular or intraocular injection of gcs is effective in short term, but repetitive injections often lead to high intraocular pressure and cataract. intravitreal injection of anti-vegf agents is a huge advance of medical treatment in ophthalmology in recent years. since 2007 till now, there have been a number of reports on the effectiveness of intraocular bevacizumab and ranibizumab injection in ume, but none about conbercept. besides, as the target of anti-vegf agents, intraocular concentration of vegf and its changes might be correlated to the sensitivity and responsiveness of ume to anti-vegf agents, but has not been monitored. as a primary exploratory study, this study aims to evaluate the short-term effectiveness of intravitreal conbercept injection in ume, and to explore the correlation between inflammatory factors like vegf and the responsiveness to treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \>= 18 years old * competent in signing the informed consent * no severe systemic diseases unrelated to uveitis * fulfill the criteria of refractory ume exclusion criteria: * pregnant or preparing pregnancy * already in other clinical trials * blood pressure \>= 180/110mmhg * bcva of the contralateral eye \<= 20/200 * cardiovascular events within 3 months

Keywords: uveitis macular edema vascular endothelial growth factor aqueous humor effect of drugs
nurse-led mobile app effect on symptom management for breast cancer patients after surgery

Conditions: Symptom Management; Breast Care Nurse; Mobile App; Mobile Health

Summary: background: the use of the nurse-led mobile app (nl-mapp) is a current and important option for educating patients about the symptoms that may arise from breast cancer surgery. introduction: given the precise information and counseling services offered to breast cancer patients, nl-mapp is considered an appropriate choice to support postoperative self-care. methods: this quasi-experimental study aimed to determine the impact of nl-mapp on breast cancer patients after surgery. the study included 45 patients in the intervention group and 45 patients in the control group. first, nl-mapp was developed by the research team. patients were then taught how to use the app to manage their symptoms after breast cancer surgery, and online counseling was provided for patients' questions. the intervention started before surgery, and follow-up visits were made before discharge and in the first month.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * speaking the national language, * the presence of primary breast cancer, * the utilization of a smartphone for a minimum of one year, * an age of 20 years exclusion criteria: * an uncontrollable medical problem, * having speech problems, * having hearing problems, * vision impairment, * a psychiatric diagnosis/ongoing treatment * previous treatment due to a different type of cancer * rheumatological diseases, * fractures, * health problems leading to joint limitation, * amputation
3d-conformal radiation vs helical tomotherapy in prostate cancer

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: in this study we are comparing two forms of radiotherapy. this study is being done because it is not clear at present time whether intensity modulated radiotherapy (imrt) can reduce side effects of radiotherapy compared to standard radiotherapy (called 3d-conformal radiotherapy).

radical radiation therapy plays an important role in the management of prostate cancer, yielding comparable long-term outcomes to surgery. unfortunately, long term disease free survival data using psa criteria have shown that less than 50% of high-risk patients are free of disease at 10 years. to improve on the results of conventional dose radiotherapy dose escalation with three-dimensional conformal radiation has been employed. due to the irregular shape of the prostate and the variable motion of this organ there is substantial radiation of adjacent normal surrounding tissue during treatment which results in radiation-induced toxicity. intensity-modulated radiation therapy (imrt) is a new form of radiation therapy. preliminary evidence suggests that imrt improves the dose distribution during radiation therapy of the prostate. the hypothesis of this study is that imrt delivered using helical tomotherapy can reduce late toxicity of radical radiotherapy as compared to three-dimensional conformal radiation (3dcrt) in high-risk prostate cancer patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. a pathologic diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate 2. age greater than 18 years 3. ecog performance status of 2 or less. 4. presence of any of the following high risk features: * clinical stage ct3-4 or * gleason score 8-10 or * pre-treatment psa \&gt; 20ng/ml or * clinical n1/n2 or pathologic n1/n2 exclusion criteria: 1. patients with contraindication to radical radiation therapy including inflammatory bowel disease 2. prior or active malignancy except non-melanoma skin carcinoma within 5 years of the diagnosis of prostate cancer 3. prior pelvic radiotherapy for other malignancies 4. prior cytotoxic chemotherapy 5. prior orchiectomy, radical prostatectomy, cryotherapy or thermal ablation therapy for prostate cancer

Keywords: prostate, imrt, tomotherapy, radiation, cancer
pulmonary vein antrum isolation (pvai) plus scar homogenization and non-pv triggers ensure long-term recurrence-free survival in non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Conditions: Persistent Atrial Fibrillation; Long-standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: this study aims to examine the long-term success rate of catheter ablation in non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation patients using different ablation strategies such as : (i) pulmonary vein antrum isolation (pvai) + isolation of left atrial posterior wall, (ii) pvai plus scar homogenization, (iii) pvai plus isolation of posterior wall plus ablation of non-pv triggers \[ pvai: pulmonary vein antrum isolation non-pv triggers: triggers arising from sites other than pulmonary veins\]

back ground: pulmonary vein antrum isolation (pvai) as a lone procedure, is known to have limited success rate in terms of long-term recurrence-free survival in non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (npaf) and additional ablations isolating extra-pv triggers seem to improve the outcome (1). the extra-pv triggers include triggers from other sites such as left atrial posterior wall, superior vena cava, interatrial septum, crista terminalis, left atrial appendage and coronary sinus (1, 2). these are known to be independent predictors of late af recurrence following catheter ablation (3, 4, and 5). earlier studies have demonstrated better ablation outcome in npaf when non-pv triggers sites were isolated along with pvai (5, 6). moreover, verma et al had reported high (57%) recurrence rate post-index procedure in af patients with pre-existent scar (7). however, published data are conflicting regarding the benefits of additional substrate guided ablation (scar homogenization) compared to conventional pvai alone strategy (8). also, limited data is available showing a comparison of the lasting efficacy of the above three procedures when used in different combinations. hypothesis: the combined ablation strategy including pvai, scar homogenization and ablation of extra-pv triggers has the highest likelihood of maintaining long-term sinus rhythm in patients with npaf.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥ 18 years 2. patients undergoing first catheter ablation for drug-refractory persistent (peraf) or long-standing persistent af (lspaf) 3. ability to understand and provide signed informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. previous catheter ablation or maze procedure in left atrium 2. reversible causes of atrial arrhythmia such as hyperthyroidism, sarcoidosis, pulmonary embolism etc

Keywords: pvai npaf non-pv triggers
aspirin on ctcs of advanced breast and colorectal cancer

Conditions: Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; Circulating Tumor Cells

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether aspirin could affect the number and subtype of circulating tumor cells of metastatic breast cancer and colorectal cancer.

background: * invasion and metastasis are the main reason of death in metastatic cancer, and abundant evidence find circulating tumor cells(ctcs) take the core position in breast and colorectal cancer metastasis. * platelets play multiple role to facilitate the epithelial to mesenchymal transition of tumor cells and protect ctcs to survival in the circulation, which enrolled in the whole process of metastasis. * several clinical trials and observational study have validate the primary and secondary prevention effect of aspirin to both breast and colorectal cancer. objectives: * determine the effect of aspirin on ctc number of metastatic breast and colorectal cancer; * determine the effect of aspirin on ctc subtype (epithelial/mesenchymal/mixed type) of metastatic breast and colorectal cancer. eligibility: * adults age from 18-75 years old. * patients were diagnosed for metastatic breast or colorectal cancer by pathology. * patients who were not currently receiving intravenous chemotherapy , oral administrated with capecitabine was permitted. concurrent endocrine therapy ( for at least 2 months before enrollment), bisphosphonate therapy, and/or monoclonal targeted therapy were permitted. * no disease of hemorrhagic tendency or history of non-steroid drug allergy. * ctcs≥5 / 7.5ml blood study design: * aspirin will be administered orally once a day in 28-day cycles. * the ctc was evaluated every 28 days for 2 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults age from 18-75 years old. * patients were diagnosed for metastatic breast or colorectal cancer by pathology. * patients who were not currently receiving intravenous chemotherapy , oral administrated with capecitabine was permitted. * concurrent endocrine therapy ( for at least 2 months before enrollment), bisphosphonate therapy, and/or monoclonal targeted therapy were permitted. * ps score ≤ 3 * anticipated survival time ≥ 3 months * ctcs≥5 / 7.5ml blood exclusion criteria: * allergic to aspirin or other types of non-steroid * history of hemorrhage of digestive tract or other hemorrhagic disease * plan to receive surgery within the time frame of the trial * medication history of aspirin or other types of anti-platelets drug within one months before the trial * women in pregnant or lactation period * any psychological or objective problem may influence the compliance of the patients

Keywords: aspirin circulating tumor cells metastatic breast cancer metastatic colorectal cancer
shear wave elastography in native kidney disease

Conditions: Acute Kidney Disease; Chronic Kidney Disease

Summary: in this proposal, the aim is to examine shear wave elastography (swe) measurements in diseased native kidneys and correlate them with grades of fibrosis using histological samples. the overall goals of the proposed study are addressed by the following specific aim. specific aim: to determine whether differences exist in elasticity measurements between native kidneys with and without fibrosis. hypothesis: kidneys with higher grades of fibrosis will demonstrate higher measures of tissue elasticity and stiffness compared to kidneys with zero fibrosis.

the proposed project is a prospective cross-sectional study correlating native kidney shear wave elastography (swe) measurements with histology. briefly, patients referred for a native kidney biopsy will undergo swe and the shear wave velocity (swv) will be correlated with degree of fibrosis determined by a pathologist. a list of patients who recently underwent a native kidney biopsy will be obtained from the pathology department on a weekly basis. patients will then be contacted about participating in the study and consented during a follow up visit with their nephrologist. after their biopsies, patients will be scheduled to come for a renal ultrasound and swe. swe examination will be conducted using an ultrasound machine equipped with a philips epiq arfi shear wave elastpq c1-5 mhz transducer. shear wave velocity will be obtained and an estimate of tissue elasticity (young's modulus) will be calculated. all measurements will be performed by one of two qualified radiology physicians who will be blinded to the clinical and pathological data. we will allow a period of 90 days to obtain the images after the biopsy; otherwise the patient is no longer eligible to participate. the primary outcome measure of this study is to determine whether tissue elasticity determined by swe can assess kidney fibrosis. linear regression analysis will be performed to describe the relation of the extent of fibrosis and parenchymal stiffness.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients over 18 years of age who are referred for a native kidney biopsy. exclusion criteria: * bmi \> 35 * patients with polycystic kidney disease, renal cell carcinoma, hydronephrosis or renal stones. * patients who develop severe post biopsy complications (infection, significant bleeding requiring transfusion or intervention) * pregnant patients.

Keywords: kidney disease fibrosis ultrasound elastography
assessing a height artificial intelligence algorithm to estimate height of children

Conditions: Growth; Stunting, Nutritional

Summary: an exploratory study to explore the possibility of using computer vision algorithms to estimate a child's height using images taken by a healthcare professional or parents.

this is an exploratory, observation, data-collection study that aims to evaluate the performance of a height artificial intelligence (hai) algorithm in a real world setting. images will be collected by parents or healthcare professionals, together with physical height measurements. this data will be used to evaluate the accuracy of the algorithm and to explore potential improvements. data on the acceptance and experience of using the algorithm will be collected for improvements.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children aged above 24 months old and below 6 years old. * parent(s) should have access to the internet and a smartphone or table to complete study questionnaires, take images and upload images. * parent(s) should be able to comprehend the content of the study and complete the study questionnaires in english. * written consent from parents and/or legally acceptable representative exclusion criteria: * children who are unable to stand upright against a wall * children who are unable to cooperate with standing height measurement

Keywords: growth height artificial intelligence algorithm
surgery in treating patients with prostate cancer

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: rationale: prostatectomy may be an effective treatment for prostate cancer that has not responded to radiation therapy. purpose: this phase ii trial is studying how well prostatectomy works in treating patients with recurrent or persistent prostate cancer that has not responded to radiation therapy.

objectives: * determine the characteristics of failure-free survival, disease-free survival, overall survival, surgical morbidity and mortality, and quality of life of patients treated with salvage prostatectomy for the recurrence of persistent disease after treatment with prior radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. * develop expertise in the use of salvage prostatectomy prior to a possible phase iii trial of salvage prostatectomy in this population versus a control arm such as hormonal therapy or cryotherapy. * determine the quality of life measures in these patients. * determine the preliminary data on the quality of life of patients undergoing salvage radical prostatectomy and use the data to design a phase iii study. * determine the histologic and morphometric characterization of the carcinoma. outline: patients undergo modified bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection. patients with negative nodes undergo salvage prostatectomy via either retropubic or perineal approach. patients with positive nodes may undergo radical prostatectomy at the discretion of the investigator. postoperative hormonal therapy may be given at time of symptomatic disease progression or a newly positive bone scan, or for a consistently rising prostate-specific antigen. adjuvant hormonal therapy is also allowed. quality of life is assessed prior to surgery and at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery. patients are followed at least every 3 months for 2 years, every 6 months for 2 years, and then annually thereafter. projected accrual: a total of 40 patients will be accrued for this study within 2 years.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: * histologically proven recurrent or persistent prostate cancer * prostate-specific antigen (psa) no greater than 20 ng/ml * must have been previously treated with at least 60 cgy of external beam radiotherapy or brachytherapy for clinical stages t1-2nxm0 with psa no greater than 30 ng/ml * no metastatic disease at time of biopsy patient characteristics: age: * 75 and under performance status: * calgb (zubrod) 0-1 life expectancy: * at least 5-10 years other: * no other "currently temporarily closed" malignancy except nonmelanoma skin cancer * patients are not considered to have a "currently temporarily closed" malignancy if they have completed therapy and are considered to be at less than 30% risk of relapse prior concurrent therapy: endocrine therapy: * at least 3 months since prior adjuvant hormonal therapy radiotherapy: * see disease characteristics * at least 18 months since prior external beam or interstitial radiotherapy

Keywords: recurrent prostate cancer
effects of a compliant arm support on post-stroke upper extremity range of motion

Conditions: Arm Weakness as a Consequence of Stroke

Summary: the aim of this study is to show that a wearable compliant arm support consisting of inflatable bladders with adjustable straps to connect them to the waist and arm can meaningfully increase the reachable workspace of persons with post-stroke arm weakness.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * greater than 6 months post-stroke * passive abduction to 90 degrees at shoulder * reduced active (retro)flexion/extension at shoulder when abducted to 90 degrees * reduced active flexion/extension at elbow exclusion criteria: * unable to give informed consent * unable to comprehend and follow instructions * have a condition (other than stroke) affecting sensorimotor function * show evidence of unilateral spatial neglect * unable to sit in a chair without armrests for 2 hours