Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effects of cognitive-motor training on cognition, depression and daily functioning in patients with mild cognitive impairment (mci)

Conditions: Mild Cognitive Impairment

Summary: this randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of an immersive virtual reality (ivr) application (focused on a daily activity) to train cognitive functions and its impact on depression and the ability to perform activities of daily living (adl) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (mci). with a dose of two sessions per week during six weeks, the study showed significant improvements in cognitive functions and reduction in depression, with notable effects in the experimental group. this underscores the potential of ivr as a valuable tool in the management of mci.

background: the increase in cases of mci underlines the urgency of finding effective methods to slow its progression. given the limited effectiveness of current pharmacological options to prevent or treat the early stages of this deterioration, non-pharmacological alternatives are especially relevant. aim: the study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an immersive virtual reality (ivr) application, focused on an activity of daily living (adl), to train cognitive functions and its impact on depression and the ability to perform adl in patients with mci. ivr is presented as an innovative tool with the potential to offer a promising non-pharmacological approach. methods:the researchers implemented a 40-minute-long intervention, twice a week for six weeks (totaling 12 sessions), using the cupboard task (based on ivr). the study included the participation of individuals with mci, randomly distributed into control (n=12) and experimental (n=14) groups. the majority in the control group were women (75%), with a mean age of 77.67 years, and in the experimental group, women represented 57.14%, with a mean age of 74.86 years. cognitive functions, depression, and the ability to perform adls were assessed. the scales used were: the spanish version of the montreal cognitive assessment (moca-s), the short geriatric depression scale (sgds-s) and the instrumental activities of daily living scale. (iadl-s), respectively.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 65 or older * community-dwelling, not in nursing homes * physically functional * understanding and voluntary consent * mild cognitive impairment (mci) * moca score of 19-25 exclusion criteria: * clinical dementia diagnosis * moca ≤ 18 indicating probable dementia * neurological disorders including stroke or tbi in the last year * history of mental/psychiatric disorders * substance abuse * difficulty using vr headset and controllers * medical conditions affecting trial participation * visual/hearing impairments * communication difficulties

Keywords: mild cognitive impairment immersive virtual reality instrumental activities of daily living motor-cognitive training geriatric depression
iota versus pattern recognition method in diagnosis of ovarian masses

Conditions: Gynecology

Summary: to compare between the efficacy of iota simple rules and pattern recognition method in the differentiating between benign and malignant adnexal masses


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ovarian mass more than 5 cm in size (confirmed by transvaginal or transabdominal ultrasonography in gynecology clinic) * the patient is candidate for abdominal exploration for ovarian cystectomy or oophorectomy. exclusion criteria: * complicated ovarian masses. * unfit for surgery.
a study to learn about the use of paxlovid in patients with covid-19 in the kingdom of bahrain.

Conditions: COVID-19

Summary: the purpose of this study is to collect information on the: * general information of a group of people such as their age, sex * clinical information of the patients such as any other illness before having covid 19. * the number of covid-19 patients who meet and follow the most up to date world health organization (who) recommendations for medication to treat covid-19 (such as version 14, published 10nov2023) compared to kingdom of bahrain national recommendations * adult covid-19 patients' health care resource use and outcomes within the 28-day period in adult patients with covid-19 who have been prescribed nirmatrelvir and ritonavir treatment. this study will be conducted in the kingdom of bahrain. the study will capture information of the adult covid-19 outpatients and inpatients who have been prescribed nirmatrelvir, ritonavir treatment and those not treated with nirmatrelvir, ritonavir. this study will have about 3000 patients treated with paxlovid™ therapy and 1000 were not. the study will involve collection of patient information from medical records. the information collected can be either from papers or from computers. the study will include patient information of those who: * had covid-19 infection during the study period from 16 february 2022 to 30 november 2022. * are 18 years of age or older. this study will help to inform decision-making on use of paxlovid at the national level.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients must meet all of the following inclusion criteria to be eligible for inclusion in the study:age 18 years and older patients with a diagnosis of covid-19 whose information can be extracted from the i-seha database exclusion criteria: there are no exclusion criteria for this study.

Keywords: covid-19 patients paxlovid use bahrain
a study of pgn-edo51 or placebo in people with duchenne muscular dystrophy amenable to exon 51-skipping treatment

Conditions: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)

Summary: the study consists of 3 periods: a screening period (up to 45 days), a double-blind, placebo-controlled multiple ascending dose (mad) period (28 weeks), and a long-term extension (lte) period (108 weeks). the primary purpose of the mad period is to evaluate the safety and tolerability and levels of dystrophin after multiple ascending intravenous (iv) doses of pgn-edo51 administered to participants with duchenne muscular dystrophy (dmd). during the mad period, participants will be randomized to either receive pgn-edo51 or placebo in a 3:1 fashion, meaning that participants have a 75% chance of receiving pgn-edo51 and a 25% chance of receiving placebo during this period. the primary purpose of the open-label lte period is to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of pgn-edo51 in participants who have completed the mad period. all participants who roll-over into the lte will receive pgn-edo51 (no placebo in the lte).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed diagnosis of dmd with a genetic alteration that can be treated by skipping exon 51 * body weight at least 25kg (55lbs) * performance of upper limb (pul) 2.0 entry score of at least 4 exclusion criteria: * known history or presence of any clinically significant conditions that may interfere with study safety assessments * treatment with any gene replacement therapy for the treatment of dmd at any time * current or recent systemic infection within 2 weeks prior to screening or infection requiring iv antibiotics within 4 weeks prior to screening * recent surgery requiring anesthesia within 3 months prior to screening or expected surgery requiring general anesthesia during the study

Keywords: enhanced delivery oligonucleotide peptide-conjugated phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer oligonucleotide exon 51 next-generation oligonucleotide cell-penetrating peptide muscular dystrophies neuromuscular disease dystrophin production splice correcting oligonucleotide endosomal escape delivery to the cell nucleus antisense oligonucleotide phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (ppmo)
screening study for cervical pre-cancer and cancer prevention in south african women.

Conditions: Cervical Cancer; High Grade Sil; CIN2

Summary: nearly 8 000 new cervical cancer cases are diagnosed in south africa per year; many are still undiagnosed and about 50% of diagnosed cases succumb per year. although the current prevalence of pre-cancer cervical disease is largely unknown, data from local studies suggest regional differences and an increase in the prevalence of cytological abnormalities when compared with historical data. low frequency in cytology screening is the primary factor attributable to development of invasive cervical cancer and almost one-third of all cervical cancer patients had previous negative cytology. due to the low sensitivity of cytology it can be assumed that the true prevalence of pre-cancer disease is underestimated by all available data. one round of optimal cervical cytology will detect around 50% of existing pre-cancer cervical disease as identified and proven using colposcopy and directed biopsy. it is now widely accepted that primary screening with a human papilloma virus (hpv) test can improve the sensitivity of screening and that even a single round of hpv screening can rapidly reduce the incidence of invasive cervical cancer and related mortality within a few years. south africa has a high prevalence of hiv infection and a delay in or failure to initiate antiretroviral therapy (art). these facts, together with the largely unscreened status of the female population and the high incidence of cervical cancer all suggest that hpv infection and precursors to cervical cancer are both unusually common among south african women. accurate current knowledge of the performance of newer generation hpv based screening tests in hiv-infected and general female population are essential for cost-analysis and planning for national prevention and screening programs. this study will aim to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of new generation hpv deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) based screening assays in a south african setting. the investigators hypothesize that hpv testing followed by normal and special cytology tests will be a successful screening model for a south african population.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * informed consent accepted and signed * health seeking behaviour or request for a cervical cancer screening test * willing and able to receive test result by automated text message or clinic visit exclusion criteria: * current pregnancy * hysterectomy * current or previous treatment for gynaecological cancer * hesitant or unable to undergo screening and treatment if indicated

Keywords: cancer prevention cervical screening cervical cancer cervical disease cervical neoplasm hpv testing immunocytochemistry triage techniques
the influence of overfeeding different macronutrients on whole-body insulin sensitivity

Conditions: Insulin Resistance; Type 2 Diabetes; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Disease

Summary: this study will investigate the effect of high-carbohydrate vs. high-fat overfeeding (130% of energy requirements) on whole body insulin sensitivity. following habitual diet, participants will be randomly allocated to either a high-carbohydrate or a high-fat diet intervention for 14-days. on days 0, 7 and 14 participants will undergo anthropometric and metabolic testing (primarily an oral glucose tolerance test \[ogtt\]).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-40 years * bmi = 18.5-29.9 kg/m2 * male or female * physically active (\> 3 x 30 min moderate exercise per week) * non-smoker (including the use of vaporisers and e-cigarettes) * healthy (determined by the school's standard health questionnaire) * no cardiometabolic or inflammatory illness exclusion criteria: * outside of age-range * outside bmi range * inactive (\< 3 x 30 min moderate exercise per week) * smoker * taking medication * history of cardiometabolic or inflammatory illness * vegetarian/ vegan (as the high-fat diet is based on animal fats) * other dietary restrictions which prevent consumption of the experimental diet * consumption of probiotics within last 3 months (these influence the gut microbiota) * participation in another clinical trial * those with known or suspected food intolerances, allergies or hypersensitivity * women who are known to be pregnant or who are intending to become pregnant over the course of the study

Keywords: high-fat diets high-carbohydrate diets glycaemic control
mucociliary clearance techniques for acute bronchiolitis

Conditions: Acute Bronchiolitis Due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus; Bronchiolitis Acute; Bronchiolitis Acute Viral

Summary: to assess the efficacy of mucociliary clearance techniques in non-hospitalised infants with a first episode of mild to moderate acute bronchiolitis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * medical diagnosis of first episode of acute bronchiolitis. * acute bronchiolitis with mild (esba score = 1-4) or moderate (esba score =5-9) severity according to the esba. * informed consent signed by parents or legal guardians. exclusion criteria: * infants previously diagnosed with chronic respiratory disease. * previous episodes of wheezing. * presence of any type of contraindication to receive respiratory physiotherapy treatment.

Keywords: mucociliary clearance respiratory physiotherapy
anxiety & depression in thyroid cancer patients

Conditions: Thyroid Cancer

Summary: 1. to identify the prevalence of both anxiety and depression in thyroid cancer patients 2. to assess quality of life in thyroid cancer patients

in recent years, increasing attention has been paid to mental health among cancer patients. thyroid cancer is one of the most frequent endocrine neoplasia. it consists of 4 subtypes of papillary thyroid cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, medullary thyroid cancer, and anaplastic thyroid cancer. which is usually asymptomatic in the early stages, but symptoms such as neck pain, hoarseness, and dysphagia may occur as the disease progresses. tc is diagnosed by physical examination, analysis of thyroid hormone levels, imaging, and biopsy. anxiety and depression are the most common psychological problems in the treatment of cancer patients and are related to the majority of medical diseases and physical symptoms. studies have suggested that anxiety and depression are common in patients with thyroid cancer. therefore, quality of life which includes psychological, social, and spiritual well-being, has become an important consideration . these findings highlight the importance of identifying thyroid cancer patients needs to allow better and more adequate care and support.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age at or more than 18 years old 2. none of the patients had history of other psychiatric illness 3. both sex 4. accept to participate in the study exclusion criteria: 1. age less than 18 years old 2. previous history of other psychiatric illness 3. substance abuser or dependence 4. refuse to participate in the study

Keywords: depression anxiety
burden and medical care of sarcoma in germany

Conditions: Sarcoma

Summary: the main objective of the study is to assess the treatment situation of sarcoma patients in germany and to investigate their potential influence on quality of life (and other patient reported outcomes) of the affected persons. impaired quality of life domains and factors associated with it are to be identified. to this end, a national network of sarcoma treatment specialists and a structure for patient recruitment will be established. this care network is intended to reflect the current situation of the treatment of sarcoma patients in germany.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with sarcoma diagnosis according to international classification of diseases for oncology (icd-o) and world health organisation (who) classification exclusion criteria: * not mentally able to fill out questionaires * not able to till out questionaires in german

Keywords: quality of life sarcoma patient reported outcomes
impact of mulstidisciplinary medication assessment review in surgery departments

Conditions: Chronic Disease

Summary: the presence of a clinical pharmacist (for their pharmacological expertise) and a general practitioner (for their somatic expertise) in surgery departments would contribute to improve the management of medications in elderly patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patient (or their representative) has given his consent and signed the consent form. * the patient is affiliated to a health insurance programme. * the patient is at least 65 years old (≥) treated by at least (≥) five medications for at least (≥) 6 months * the patient is available for a follow-up of 3 months. * the patient is hospitalized in the surgery department. * patient with a trivalle score greater than or equal to 2 (≥). * patient living in a nursing home or going back home after hospitalization. exclusion criteria: * the subject is participating in another category i interventional study. * the subject is in an exclusion period determined by another study. * the subject is under safeguard of justice. * it is not possible to give the patient (or his/her trusted-person) informed information. * palliative care

Keywords: drug safety clinical pharmacy general practice surgery geriatrics medication review
compression device versus 4-layer compression system

Conditions: Leg Ulcers

Summary: a prospective, phase ii, stratified, randomized study to compare the safety, ulcer healing, patient compliance (concordance) and resource utilisation of a compression device with ipc mode to a class 3(c) uk standard graduated compression regime (4- layer system) on subjects with venous leg ulcers.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects over 18 years, willing and able to provide written informed consent * subjects able to wear the compression device and the comparative regime and follow the requirements of the clinical investigation plan * subjects who had an ankle to brachial pressure index (abpi) of 0.8 or greater * subjects who had a chronic venous leg ulcer (i.e. ceap classification of c6 1) 2 cm2 in size or greater, who required graduated compression * subjects who were outpatients exclusion criteria: * subjects with a history of skin sensitivity to any of the components of the study product, comparator product or standard dressings * \*subjects with more than one ulcer on the test leg * subjects who had previously been entered into the study or a previous amadeus study (u327, u332 or u337) or had participated in a previous clinical study within the past 3 months * subjects with any condition that prevented application and removal of the device without external assistance * subjects who had an active deep vein thrombosis (dvt) or a recent dvt within the last 3 months * subjects who exhibited any other medical condition which, according to the investigator, justified the subject's exclusion from the study * subjects who had leg sizes outside the following range: * ankle - 12cm to 44cm * calf - 22cm to 60cm * below knee - 22cm to 68cm * subjects who had an index venous leg ulcer greater in size than 10cm in any one dimension * diabetic subjects with advanced small vessel disease * denotes the exclusion criterion was amended and approved by the ethics committees as follows: * amendment #1 dated 27th march 2007: \*diabetic subjects who, in the opinion of the investigator, were not in reasonable metabolic control or had a history of hospitalisation within the last six months for the management of blood sugar and/or diabetic subjects with advanced small vessel disease * amendment #2 dated 2nd august 2007: \*subjects who had an index venous leg ulcer greater in size than 15cm in any one dimension * amendment #3 dated 5th october 2007: * deletion of exclusion criterion 'subjects with more than one ulcer on the test leg' to permit inclusion of subjects with multiple ulcers on the test leg
drug /cue interactions in alcohol-tobacco comorbidity

Conditions: Nicotine Dependence

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine how people react to different combinations of alcohol and nicotine.

the present project will improve and expand upon previously published work in several ways. first, study 1 will assess reactivity to alcohol and smoking cues in the same session. second, both studies will include within-subjects design factors to manipulate alcohol and nicotine intake, as well as cue types. third, craving indices will represent three important response domains: subjective, physiological, and behavioral (e.g., niaura et al., 1991). fourth, each study will evaluate a range of drinkers and smokers, which will provide maximal information concerning influences on alcohol and smoking cue reactivity across various subject populations. the proposed studies are not only important from a theory development perspective, but they will provide an excellent foundation for future laboratory-based and clinical research.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * english speaking persons who exhibit a range of alcohol consumption and smoking patterns. * signed written consent form. exclusion criteria: * females who are pregnant, nursing, or not using effective methods of birth control will be excluded from participating.

Keywords: prevention intervention alcohol tobacco nicotine craving cue reactivity cross cue reactions
a study of relative bioavailability and food effect study of cobimetinib in healthy participants

Conditions: Healthy Volunteers

Summary: this study will be an open-label, randomized, 3-way, 6-sequence crossover study in healthy participants for determining the relative bioavailability of the tablet formulation to the capsule formulation and the effect of food on the relative bioavailability of the tablet formulation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria * within body mass index range 18.5 to 29.9 kilograms per meter square (kg/m\^2) * in good health, determined by no clinically significant findings from medical history, 12-lead electrocardiogram (ecg) and vital signs * clinical laboratory evaluations within the reference range for the test laboratory * negative test for selected drugs of abuse at screening and at each check-in * negative hepatitis panel and anti-hepatitis c virus and negative human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibody screens * healthy males and females of non-child-bearing potential or who agree to use effective contraception exclusion criteria * significant history or clinical manifestation of any significant metabolic, allergic, dermatological, hepatic, renal, hematological, pulmonary, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurological, or psychiatric disorder * history of significant hypersensitivity, intolerance, or allergy to any drug compound, food, or other substance * history of stomach or intestinal surgery or resection that would potentially alter absorption and/or excretion of orally administered drugs except that appendectomy, hernia repair, and cholecystectomy will be allowed * history or presence of an abnormal ecg * history of alcoholism or drug addiction prior to study start * use of any tobacco-containing or nicotine-containing products prior to study start * participation in any other investigational study drug trial in which receipt of an investigational study drug occurred within 28 days or 5 half-lives, whichever is longer, prior to study start * use of any prescription medications/products, including proton pump inhibitors, within 14 days prior to study start * poor peripheral venous access * any acute or chronic condition that would limit the participant's ability to complete and/or participate in this clinical study * female participant is pregnant, lactating, or breastfeeding * predisposing factors to retinal vein occlusion (rvo)