Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
transcranial direct current stimulation and functional electrical stimulation for upper-limb rehabilitation after stroke

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: the aim of this study is to verify the effectiveness of tdcs combined with fes on upper limb rehabilitation of post-stroke subjects with moderate and severe compromise.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke diagnosis and moderate or severe hemiparesis (chronic stroke - at least 6 months of disease) * ability to reach 60 degrees in the shoulder flexion * minimal cognitive ability to understand commands * no current use of antiepileptic drugs for seizures exclusion criteria: * painful shoulder, adhesive capsulitis or glenohumeral subluxation * contraindication for electrical stimulation (presence of metallic implants) or risks for the tdcs, as evaluated by means of a standard questionnaire

Keywords: cerebrovascular accident cerebrovascular stroke cerebral stroke
postoperative analgesic effect of hydromorphone on partial pulmonary resection under video-assisted thoracoscopy

Conditions: Pain, Postoperative; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted

Summary: postoperative pain remains relatively high within 48h for chinese patients who receive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. multimodal analgesia combines several agents and/or techniques to function on diverse nociceptive mechanisms to enhance pain relief and lessen side effect. hydromorphone is a hydrogenated ketone of morphine and approximately 5-10 times more potent. there lacks about efficacy and efficiency of hydromorphone in electrical pump for patient controlled intravenous analgesic (pcia).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 70≥ age ≥18 * selective operation lung section with video-assisted thoracic surgery (vats) * iii ≥ american society of anesthesiologists classification (asa classification) ≥i * patients informed and agreed to join the study exclusion criteria: * abnormal function of liver and kidney * allergic- dependence history of alcohol, opioids and local anesthetics * no noncompliance * mental disease history，language communication disorder，cicatricial diathesis * underweight or overweight（bmi\ 30) * patients not suitable for clinical subjects for other reasons * sedatives, analgesics, antiemetic drugs and anti pruritus drugs were used within 24 hours before the operation. * history of previous abnormal anaesthesia * women during pregnancy or lactation
effect of dietary sodium restriction in the management of patients with heart failure and diastolic dysfunction

Conditions: Diastolic Dysfunction

Summary: although half of the patients with hf has normal ejection fraction or slightly altered (hf-pef) and the prognosis differs little from those with reduced ejection fraction, the pathophysiology of hf-pef is still poorly understood. sodium restriction is the most common measure of self-care oriented to hf patients for management of congestive episodes. the role of this orientation in the treatment of patients with preserved ejection fraction, however, is still unclear. the evaluation of the effects of sodium restriction on neurohormonal activation and episodes of decompensation in hf-pef can promote a better understanding of the pathophysiological progression of this complex syndrome.

this is a randomized, parallel trial with blinded outcome assessment. the sample will include adult patients (aged ≥18 years) with a diagnosis of hf-pef admitted for hf decompensation. the patients will be randomized to receive a diet with sodium and fluid intake restricted to 0.8 g/day and 800 ml/day respectively (intervention group) or an unrestricted diet, with 4 g/day sodium and unlimited fluid intake (control group), and followed for 7 days or until hospital discharge. the primary outcome shall consist of weight loss at 7 days or discharge. the secondary outcome includes assessment of clinical stability, neurohormonal activation, daily perception of thirst and readmission rate at 30 days.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients of both sexes * age equal to or above 18 years * diagnosis of heart failure whit preserved ejection fraction (lvef\> 50%) * patients hospitalized for heart failure decompensation whit hospital admission within 36 hours, who agree to participate in the study by signing the informed consent. exclusion criteria: * patients who present values of endogenous creatinine clearance less than or equal to 30 ml / min; * cardiogenic shock, * those with survival compromised by another disease in evolution and / or difficulty adhering to treatment (dementia, cognitive impairment)

Keywords: diastolic dysfunction sodium restriction randomized clinical trial
light-scattering spectroscopy for detection of breast cancer

Conditions: Healthy, no Evidence of Disease; Stage II Breast Cancer; Stage IIIA Breast Cancer; Stage IIIB Breast Cancer; Stage IIIC Breast Cancer

Summary: this pilot clinical trial studies light-scattering spectroscopy in finding disease in patients with stage ii-iii breast cancer. diagnostic procedures, such as light-scattering spectroscopy, may help find and diagnose breast cancer

primary objectives: i. to evaluate whether light-scattering spectroscopy can reliably distinguish between two subject groups: those with clinical stage ii or stage iii breast cancer and those without breast cancer. outline: patients undergo light-scattering spectroscopy of the breast in addition to standard of care as it relates to screening for breast cancer or treatment of breast cancer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants who are breast cancer free (mammogram "negative" within 1 month of testing) with the absence of clinical suspicion of breast cancer on physical exam or with clinical stage ii or stage iii breast cancer. please note: recruitment for this study is only limited to patients who are scheduled for a mammogram at usc. there is no compensation to participants. * provision of informed consent prior to any study-related procedures exclusion criteria: * females with tattoos on either or both breasts * females with nipple piercings on either or both breasts * females with skin piercings (aka microdermal anchor surface or microdermal piercings) in either or both breasts * females unable to provide informed consent * females s/p treatment for breast cancer
effect of educational program on parental stress of parents of children with chd

Conditions: Congenital Heart Defect

Summary: congenital heart disease accounts for about one third of the all congenital anomalies. in last decades' huge advancements occurred in treatment and diagnosis. more and more surgeries are being done which causes stress in parents and affects their mental health. some studies have reported that about one third of the parents of children with chd remain in stress even after surgery is being done. the goal of this trial is to evaluate effect of educational intervention on mental health of parents of children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery compared to the parents who get usual care and pamphlets of the same information. the investigators are including parents of children with chd who are already diagnosed with chd and are undergoing cardiac surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. parents of children with congenital heart disease 2. patient is scheduled for elective cardiac surgery and not had any surgery before. 3. willing to participate in the study exclusion criteria: 1. parents of chd who have other critical conditions along with chd 2. parents able to understand local languages (urdu and pashto)

Keywords: congenital heart disease, parental stress
media effects study on health-related content

Conditions: Processing Health Information

Summary: a media lab study will be conducted to determine the mechanism by which podcasting may exert an effect. this study will examine both physiological (heart rate, skin conductance, etc.) and psychosocial (knowledge, perceived control, elaboration, etc.) measures in participants listening to a podcast on health versus reading health content on the web. we hypothesize that podcasting will create a greater physiological response than the web. there will also be more elaboration in the podcasting group. podcasting will produce greater feelings of control. changes in knowledge will be greater in the web group.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years or older * be willing to be randomized to either the podcast or web condition * able to attend the intervention session exclusion criteria: * not living in the chapel hill area

Keywords: weight loss, health information, e-health
opioid prescribing practices in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery

Conditions: Opioid Use; Postoperative Pain

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare opioid prescribing practices by either routine provider prescribing practices, or with the use of a calculator, i.e., the opioid calculator, published by the university of michigan (www.opioidcalculator.org), with the intent of decreasing the number of pills.

the intent of this study is to validate the use of the opioid calculator, published at university of michigan (www.opioidcalculator.org), which takes several variables into account, including age, risk factors (history of depression, alcohol abuse, others) to determine in a more scientific way the number of pills sufficient to prescribe. the sample size was determined by the number of routine post-op laparoscopic patients seen in our practice. the estimated necessary sample size is 6 participants per group (12 total). patients will be randomized using 3 block groups of size 4 each. patients will be approached at in clinic at the time they are consenting to laparoscopic hysterectomy and will be counseled about postoperative pain medication management. randomization to either standard practice or calculator will be performed using computer-generated, permuted blocks of 4 participants. sealed randomization envelopes will be opened for each subject on the day of surgery, after anesthesia is initiated. the study will be singled-blinded to the participant. patients will be contacted on day 2 and day 7 to inquire where they are on the visual analog scale (vas) and how many pills they have taken. two weeks after surgery patients will be seen in office for vas and requested to bring unused pills for accounting purposes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women aged 18 to 80 * undergoing planned laparoscopic hysterectomy as a day surgery procedure exclusion criteria: * women aged 18 to 80 * undergoing a non-laparoscopic unplanned surgical procedure * patients with a history of opioid use disorder or current opioid use disorder
clif correction vs. conventional correction strategy for asd

Conditions: Spinal Deformity

Summary: the present study intends to: 1）establish a multi-center large-sample randomized controlled trial to explore the technical advantages and surgical indications of the novel surgical technique of clif correction for asd compared with the conventional correction strategy; 2）analyze the postoperative clinical and imaging results, and to explore the related complications and preventive measures; 3） establish 2-year follow-up to further quantify the clinical and radiographical outcomes of clif correction.

adult spinal deformity (asd) is the most common spinal deformity in the elder, which often causes the low back pain and/or physical deformity. severe cases need surgical treatment. because the conventional posterior approach had the disadvantages of big trauma and slow recovery, and the elder were always complicated with complicated medical diseases, the perioperative risk was high. at present, the novel surgical technique of clif correction was a popular way for asd treatment. preliminary results showed that it had less trauma, shorter operation time, faster recovery, fewer complications and remarkable clinical and adiographical outcomes. therefore, the present study intends to: 1) establish a multi-center large-sample randomized controlled trial to explore the technical advantages and surgical indications of the novel clif correction for asd treatment compared with the conventional correction strategy; 2) establish 2-year follow-up to further quantify the clinical and radiographical outcomes, and to explore the related complications and preventive measures;. therefore, the present project aims to explore the best surgical plan for treating asd by studying the safety and effectiveness of the novel clif correction, and provide new surgical strategies for minimally invasive and individualized treatment for asd.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult spinal deformtiy; * 40yrs≤age≤80yrs; * lenke-silva classification ii-v grade; * ineffective with conservative treatment; exclusion criteria: * severe osteoprosis with t value \<-2.5; * with preliminary spinal surgery; * asa score≥iii grade; * more than ii degree spondylisthesis; * with mental disease;

Keywords: adult spinal deformity clif crenal lumbar interbody fusion minimal invasive correction surgical strategy
study of the ido pathway inhibitor, indoximod, and temozolomide for pediatric patients with progressive primary malignant brain tumors

Conditions: Glioblastoma Multiforme; Glioma; Gliosarcoma; Malignant Brain Tumor; Ependymoma; Medulloblastoma; Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma; Primary CNS Tumor

Summary: this is a first-in-children phase 1 trial using indoximod, an inhibitor of the immune "checkpoint" pathway indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido), in combination with temozolomide-based therapy to treat pediatric brain tumors. using a preclinical glioblastoma model, it was recently shown that adding ido-blocking drugs to temozolomide plus radiation significantly enhanced survival by driving a vigorous, tumordirected inflammatory response. this data provided the rationale for the companion adult phase 1 trial using indoximod (ind#120813) plus temozolomide to treat adults with glioblastoma, which is currently open (nct02052648). the goal of this pediatric study is to bring ido-based immunotherapy into the clinic for children with brain tumors. this study will provide a foundation for future pediatric trials testing indoximod combined with radiation and temozolomide in the up-front setting for patients with newly diagnosed central nervous system tumors.


Eligibility criteria:
eligibility criteria * age: 3-21 years. * group 1 or group 3: histologically proven initial diagnosis of primary malignant brain tumor, with no known curative treatment options. * group 2: histologically proven initial diagnosis of high-grade glioma (who grade iii and iv), ependymoma, medulloblastoma, or other primary central nervous system tumor. * group 3b: patients with a radiographic diagnosis or histologically proven diagnosis of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (dipg). * mri confirmation of tumor progression or regrowth. * patients must be able to swallow whole capsules. * patients with metastatic disease are eligible for enrollment. * lansky or karnofsky performance status score must be \> 50%. * seizure disorders must be well controlled on antiepileptic medication. * dipg patients enrolled to group 3b must not have been previously treated with radiation or any medical therapy. * patients previously treated with temozolomide, cyclophosphamide, and/or etoposide are eligible for enrollment. exclusion criteria * prior invasive malignancy, other than the primary central nervous system tumor, unless the patient has been disease free and off therapy for that disease for a minimum of 3 years * patients with baseline qtc interval of more than 470 msec at study entry, and patients with congenital long qtc syndrome. * active autoimmune disease

Keywords: glioblastoma multiforme glioma gliosarcoma malignant brain tumor ependymoma medulloblastoma
covid-19 pandemic and general surgery emergencies

Conditions: Emergencies

Summary: a retrospective analysis of emergency general surgical admissions during the first six months of the pandemic (from march 11 to september 11, 2020) and the same period in 2019, will be conducted.

the volume and disease severity of emergency general surgery admissions between the first six-month period of the pandemic and the similar time period in the prepandemic period in 2019 will be compared. patients admitted during the first six months of the covid-19 pandemic, from march 11 to september 11, 2020, will be included. as a comparison group, similar data will be collected on patients admitted to the general surgery department during the same period in 2019. patient and disease characteristics, including demographics, initial leukocyte and c-reactive protein levels, diagnosis, treatment strategies, complications, duration of hospital stay, 30-day rehospitalization rate, and 30-day reoperation rate will be reviewed. complications will be classified according to clavien-dindo classification. tokyo guidelines 2018/2013 will be used to assess the severity of the acute cholecystitis. after the patients are divided into two groups: (1) prepandemic period and (2) pandemic period, descriptive statistics will be presented as the medians and ranges, and frequencies (%). associations between variables will be evaluated using the mann-whitney u test (for continuous variables) or pearson's chi-square and fisher exact tests (for categorical variables), where appropriate.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 18 years and older * patients admitted during the first six months of the pandemic, from march 11 to september 11, 2020, and patients admitted during the same period in 2019 exclusion criteria: * patients younger than 18 years * patients positive for covid-19 * patients required elective surgery * patients re-operated because of a postoperative complication of an elective surgical procedure

Keywords: covid-19 emergency treatment general surgery pandemic
development of an epigenetic biomarker for prediction of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Conditions: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders

Summary: the objective of the study is to validate epigenetic changes as biomarkers in a prospective sampling of newborn blood samples collected at birth (umbilical cord blood) and during routine screening (heel stick blood) in newborns concurrently tested for alcohol exposure levels by peth blood spot testing.

fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (fasd) are a group of conditions that can occur in a person whose birth mother consumed alcohol during pregnancy. the effects can include physical problems and/or difficulties with behavior and learning. when clinicians identify fasd early, intervention approaches can minimize the potential impact and lessen or even prevent disabilities. thus, objective markers for prenatal alcohol exposure are desired. using dried blood spots from the umbilical cord and a heel stick of newborns, this study will use phosphatidylethanol (peth), a novel biomarker for alcohol exposure, to identify and characterize infants' exposure to alcohol before birth. additionally, the dried blood spots will used to validate the use of screening assays using epigenetic changes as markers for prenatal alcohol exposure. epigenetic changes are heritable changes in dna that affect dna function but do not change dna sequence. the use of peth testing will allow for the correlation of prenatal alcohol exposure levels with epigenetic changes. women will be consented prior to delivery for participation in this prospective study. the study will be conducted in collaboration with united states drug testing laboratories, inc. (usdtl).

Eligibility criteria:
women: inclusion criteria * women aged ≥ 18 years and currently pregnant at time of enrollment * women who plan to and then deliver their infants at camc women and children's hospital exclusion criteria * women aged \< 18 years * women not pregnant * women who do not plan to deliver or did not end up delivering their infants at camc women and children's hospital infants: inclusion criteria * birth mother was consented prior to delivery * live birth at camc women and children's hospital exclusion criteria * birth mother was not consented prior to delivery * stillborn

Keywords: prenatal alcohol exposure
a clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of "ag1904" in acute bronchitis

Conditions: Acute Bronchitis

Summary: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel, active-controlled, phase iii clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ags compared to agu for acute bronchitis


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * both gender, 19 years ≤ age ≤ 75 years * bss(bronchitis severity score) ≥ 5point at visit 2 (randomized visit) * patients without fever based on visit 2(randomized visit) * those who can comply with the requirements of clinical trials * written consent voluntarily to participate in this clinical trial exclusion criteria: * patients with respiratory and systemic infections requiring systemic antibiotic therapy * patients with bleeding tendency or coagulation disorder * patients who investigators determines to severe respiratory disease that would interfere with study assessment * those who have participated in other clinical trials within 4 weeks before participating in clinical trials * in case the investigator judges that it is not suitable for the subject of this clinical trial for other reasons
dalpiciclib in hr+/her2- abc

Conditions: Advanced Breast Cancer

Summary: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dalpiciclib in patients with hr-positive/her2-positive advanced breast cancer.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically confirmed advanced breast cancer * hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative * ecog 0-1 exclusion criteria: * pregnant or breastfeeding * history of immunodeficiency
brain mechanisms supporting meditation-based analgesia

Conditions: Pain

Summary: mindfulness meditation has been shown to reduce pain in experimental and clinical settings, and the neural mechanisms underlying this analgesia are distinct from that of placebo related beliefs in the utility of the meditation. although previous studies have identified potential cortical and sub-cortical targets responsible for mediating these effects, the connectional relationships between them remains largely unexplored. the present study will use blood-oxygen-level dependent (bold) neuroimaging to assess functional connections supporting mindfulness meditation.

mindfulness meditation, significantly reduces pain in experimental and clinical settings. although findings from this laboratory provide novel insights into some of the brain mechanisms supporting the modulation of pain by meditation , the specific analgesic mechanisms engaged during mindfulness meditation remain poorly characterized. to date, there are no studies that have identified the neurofunctional connections supporting mindfulness meditation-based pain relief. employing fmri, the objective of this study will be to determine the neural systems of action supporting mindfulness-based pain relief. the study will determine if higher order brain regions are involved in mindfulness-based analgesia. the results from this aim will identify a neural marker(s) for meditation-related pain relief, a critical step in defining how meditation reduces pain.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * normal volunteers between ages 18 and 65. * men and women of all races will be included exclusion criteria: * subjects with a history of psychiatric or neurological disorders. * subjects will be excluded if they report being claustrophobic. * subjects with a prior history of meditation training will be excluded. * subjects with ferrous metal or electronic devices (e g., pacemakers) implanted in there body will be excluded. * pregnant subjects will be excluded. * subjects that demonstrate no pain to noxious temperatures (\>49°c) or excessive responses to temperatures at or below 43°c will be excluded.

Keywords: pain mindfulness meditation fmri