Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
phase-dependent evaluation of motor cortex excitability with tms in stroke

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) on motor cortex excitability in individuals who have suffered stroke and to study the influence of the phase of the oscillatory rhythm (mu frequency) on motor excitability in stroke individuals.

neurological disorders, including stroke, are associated with impaired movement leading to significant negative effects on quality of life. transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) is increasingly being explored as a rehabilitation strategy to enhance plasticity in motor regions. however, it is not yet fully understood how tms acts on motor circuits and what optimal stimulation parameters are. tms is a noninvasive neuromodulation method which enables in vivo perturbation of neural activity in humans through the application of electromagnetic fields to the brain. tms has an established safety profile and has been explored extensively in clinical trials for a range of neurological and psychiatric disorders. particularly, in potential positive effects of tms have been identified for stroke rehabilitation. however, significant variability in treatment outcomes across patients has been found, making it necessary to improve current stimulation protocols and to investigate basic mechanism of action . the investigators plan to study the effects of tms to the motor cortex in individuals who suffered stroke for movement rehabilitation. the investigators plan to measure motor evoked potentials (meps) at different phases of the motor mu-rhythm measured with eeg. mu rhythms are related to healthy movement execution. by this, the investigators characterize phase-dependent cortical excitability differences in stroke.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * suffering from chronic stroke, resulting in self-reported motor deficits (stroke occurring more than 6 months before study enrollment) * confident level of english language exclusion criteria: * metal or electric implant in the head, neck, or chest area * upper extremity botulinum toxin treatment in the last 6 months * pregnancy or breastfeeding * prior occurrence of unprovoked seizure
effect of ghrelin on decision-making

Conditions: Healthy Volunteers; Obesity

Summary: this study evaluates the effect of the "hunger hormone" ghrelin on human decision-making. participants will be given an injection of ghrelin or saline on different study days and will then be asked to make a series of computer-based decisions. the investigators hypothesize that ghrelin will increase participant's preference for energy-dense foods and will also increase impulsiveness in decision making.

ghrelin is a hormone made by the stomach that stimulates hunger and feeding behavior. how ghrelin affects human decision-making is poorly understood. this study will investigate the effect of ghrelin on nutrition-related and time-based decisions in humans. participants eye movements will be tracked by a computer during the decision-making process.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ability to speak and understand english * bmi of 18.0 - 24.9 kg/m2 or 30.0 - 50.0 kg/m2 exclusion criteria: * diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (including gestational diabetes) * active infections * history of malignant or inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease * history of myocardial infarction or congestive heart failure * active liver or kidney disease * uncontrolled hypertension * pituitary or adrenal disorders or neuroendocrine tumors * history of anorexia nervosa, bulimia, or eating disorders not otherwise specified (nos); score of "at risk" on the eat-26 eating disorder screening tool * diagnosis of attention-deficient/hyperactivity disorder (adhd) * malabsorptive gastrointestinal disease, gastroparesis, or history of gastrointestinal surgery * pregnancy or lactation * requirement of daily medications that alter gastrointestinal function (including, but not limited to, glucocorticoids, psychotropics, narcotics, and metoclopramide). * requirement of glasses for impaired vision (including reading glasses). subjects who wear contact lenses for vision correction will not be excluded. * insufficient visual acuity to read and interpret the decision stimuli * insufficient motor capabilities to press a button, move the joystick, or move their eyes to indicate a response

Keywords: decision-making ghrelin healthy volunteers obese
first-line icotinib with concurrent radiotherapy for nsclc with egfr mutation

Conditions: Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Summary: eligible patients are administered with oral icotinib 125mg three times daily for two months, in which responsive patients (partial response and stable disease) are randomized (1: 1: 1) and receive icotinib plus concurrent radiotherapy, or chemotherapy plus concurrent radiotherapy, or icotinib monotherapy.

eligible patients are administered with oral icotinib 125mg three times daily for two months, in which responsive patients (partial response and stable disease) are randomized (1: 1: 1) and receive icotinib plus concurrent radiotherapy, or chemotherapy plus concurrent radiotherapy, or icotinib monotherapy. the primary endpoint is progression-free survival, and the incidence of radiation-induced lung injury.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 to 75 years * pathologically documented nsclc * unresectable stage iii or oligometastasis (less than three metastasis lesions, brain metastasis is not permitted) stage iv confirmed by ct and/or mri * positive egfr mutation confirmed by arms * at least 3-month life expectancy * kps ≥ 70 * adequate hematological values: hemoglobin ≥ 100 g/l, absolute neutrophils count ≥ 1.5 x 109/l, platelets count ≥ 100 x 109/l * adequate hepatic function: bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x uln, ast/alt ≤ 1.5 x uln * written informed consent before patient registration and any protocol-related procedures exclusion criteria: * previous radiotherapy * received other investigational systemic drugs within 4 weeks prior to study entry * severe or uncontrolled systemic disease * active autoimmune disease, or a documented history of autoimmune/acquired immune disease, or a history of organ transplant * pregnant or lactating, women of childbearing potential, unless using effective contraception as determined by the investigator * any other serious underlying medical (e.g. active uncontrolled infection, active gastric ulcer, uncontrolled seizures), psychological and other condition that, in the judgment of the investigator, may interfere with the planned staging, treatment and follow-up, affect patient compliance or place the patient at high risk from treatment-related complications.
behavioral economics for oral health innovation pilot trial

Conditions: Toothbrushing; Dental Plaque; Parent-Child Relations; Oral Hygiene; Dental Caries

Summary: this phase i randomized pilot trial will assess the efficacy of a fixed incentive payment program and drawing incentive payment program versus a control program to promote early childhood caries (ecc) preventive health behaviors (i.e., toothbrushing performance and dental visit attendance) for young children of predominantly latino parents/caregivers enrolled in/waitlisted for early head start (ehs) home visit programs.

if both groups are acceptable and feasible, the reward group with toothbrushing outcomes at least 20% better than the other one (and the control) will be chosen for a future phase ii/iii trial; if they are similar, the fixed monetary reward will be used because it is simpler to explain, monitor, and implement.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for parent/caregiver: * provide signed and dated informed consent form in english or spanish. * agree to comply with all study procedures and be available for the duration of the study visit. * male or female, aged 18 and older. * speak, read, and write either english or spanish. * be a parent or caregiver of a child at least 6 months old but less than 3.5 years (42 months), with at least 2 fully erupted teeth and enrolled in, or waitlisted for, one of the three participating los angeles county ehs home visit programs. * not be planning to move residence for the next 6 months outside the greater los angeles area. * own a smartphone with the google play or itunes store and be willing to download the smart powered tb app * be willing to be contacted via text-messaging (sms) for study related notifications, such as incentives earned or reminders to sync the tb exclusion criteria: * known allergic reaction to components of the study product(s). * uncooperative or behaviorally unsuited (assessed during a tb prophylaxis at the initial baseline study visit). * a sibling of a child already enrolled in the study (the family's oldest child in the eligible age range will be the study child). * enrolled in foster care. * anything else that would place him/her at increased health risk or preclude the individual's full compliance with or completion of the study.

Keywords: preventive dentistry health disparities health behavior behavioral economics monetary incentives
pharmacokinetics/safety of miltefosine allometric dose for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in children in eastern africa

Conditions: Visceral Leishmaniasis

Summary: this is a multicenter, non-comparative, open-label clinical trial to assess the pharmacokinetics (pk) and safety of miltefosine using an allometric dose algorithm in the treatment of children with primary visceral leishmaniasis (vl) in eastern africa. efficacy and pharmacodynamics (pd) will be assessed as secondary outcomes. the proposed study aims to assess whether drug exposure in children can be increased to equivalent adult drug exposure by using the miltefosine allometric dose given bid for 28 days in paediatric vl patients aged 4-12y and whether this dose is tolerable. the present study is also expected to provide the basis for minimum time to reach sufficient drug exposure for miltefosine activity to guide optimal treatment duration to be used in combination therapy for visceral leishmaniasis. the pk data will be assessed in this trial using a compartmental population pk approach.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with clinical signs and symptoms of vl and confirmatory parasitological microscopic diagnosis * patients aged \> 4 to \< 12 years who are able to comply with the study protocol. * patients for whom written informed consent has been signed by parents(s) or legal guardian * weight \< 30 kg exclusion criteria: * patients who are relapse cases * patients who have received any anti-leishmanial drugs in the last 6 months * patients with severe malnutrition (for children aged \<5 years, weight-for-height who reference curves by gender, z score \<-3; for children 5-12 years, bmi-for-age who reference curves for gender, z score \< -3) * patients with positive hiv diagnosis * patients with previous history of hypersensitivity reaction to miltefosine * patients suffering from a concomitant severe infection such as tuberculosis (tb) or any other serious underlying disease (cardiac, renal, hepatic) which would preclude evaluation of the patient's response to study medication * patients suffering from other conditions associated with splenomegaly such as schistosomiasis * pregnant or lactating women or female patient in childbearing age (reached menarche) * patients with haemoglobin \< 5g/dl * patients with white blood cells (wbc) \< 1 x 10³/mm³ * patients with platelets \< 40,000/mm³ * patients with abnormal liver function (alt and ast) tests of more than three times the normal range. * patients with bilirubin more than 1.5 times the upper normal range * patients with serum creatinine above the upper limit of normal (uln) for age and gender. * patients with clinical signs of severe vl disease such as jaundice and bleeding * patients who cannot comply with the planned scheduled visits and procedures of the study protocol
hypofractionated whole-breast irradiation with simultaneously integrated boost for early-stage breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: the study was designed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of hypofractionated whole-breast irradiation with simultaneously integrated boost for early-stage breast cancer after breast conserving surgery in chinese population.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female * 18-60 years old * treated with breast conversing surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy or axillary lymph node dissection * pathologically confirmed invasive breast cancer * a pathological t1-2n0m0 tumor * tumor bed is labeled with titanium clips * negative surgical margins * written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * kps\<70 * treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy * sentinel lymph nodes only containing isolated tumour cells (\<0.2 mm) * with severe comorbidity * previous breast cancer or other malignant tumor history * previous radiotherapy for breast or thorax * medical contraindication for radiotherapy * pregnant or nursing

Keywords: breast cancer hypofractionated whole breast irradiation
outcome of kasai portoenterostomy in biliary atresia in upper egypt

Conditions: Biliary Atresia

Summary: kasai portoenterostomy is the key standard operation for biliary atresia. the aim of the study is to evaluate the short-term outcome of kasai portoenterostomy for biliary atresia infants in upper egypt.

it is a cross-sectional retrospective multicenter study from upper egypt. the data will collected from the medical records of three university hospitals in upper egypt from january 2019 to december 2019. inclusion and exclusion criteria inclusion criteria included all neonates diagnosed with biliary atresia in the previous period and managed by kasai portoenterostomy. exclusion criteria were neonates without a confirmed diagnosis of biliary atresia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all neonates diagnosed with biliary atresia in the previous period and managed by kasai portoenterostomy. exclusion criteria: * exclusion criteria were neonates without a confirmed diagnosis of biliary atresia.

Keywords: cholestasis neonate jaundice cholangitis short-term outcome survival with the native liver
molecular and clinical effects of green tea and fermented papaya preparation on diabetes and cardiovascular diseases

Conditions: Assess the Effect of Green Tea on Diabetes; Assess the Effect of Fermented Papaya Pretration on Diabetes; Effects of Green Tea and FPP on C-reactive Proteins; Effects of Green Tea and FPP of Lipid Profiles in Diabetes; Effect of Green Tea and FPP on Atheroma Formation

Summary: type 2 diabetes is common in ethnic and, minority groups in developing and developed countries such as africans, african americans, asians, native americans, hispano-latinos and alaskan indians. a randomized controlled study to assess the efficacy of fermented papaya preparation and green tea infusates in latent diabetes (individuals newly diagnosed as diabetics) is proposed. glycation products from excess glucose autooxidation can chemically modify dna causing mutations and cause complex dna rearrangements. advanced glycation end-products which play a role as proinflammatory mediators in gestational diabetes can accelerate vascular occlusion by quenching the vasodilating agent nitric oxide. interaction with high-affinity receptors located on monocytes and macrophages can enhance the production of free radicals and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1 and insulin-like growth factor i which can proliferate endothelial, mesangial and smooth muscle cells and hence contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications. the clinical markers include c-reactive proteins (inflammation indicators), protein c (markers of reno vascular injury), uric acid, natriuretic peptides, and the integrity of isolated adipocytes, glucose levels, lipid indices (triglycerides, total cholesterol, vldl, hdl and ldl). given that decreased functional activity of activated protein c affects the permeability of the glomerular capillary wall and enhances apoptosis of glomerular endothelial cells and adipodocytes, this has relevance to the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy. a second phase of the study is expected to commence after the first 16 weeks in order to assess the ability of the dietary factors to modulate atheroma formation and the integrity of drug therapy (upon commencement of treatment)on the prognosis of diabetes. this will be expected to last up to 3 years.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: individuals at risk of diabetes 35-65 years of age male or female exclusion criteria: * smokers or those who have stopped smoking 6 months before the study * daily alcoholic intake exceeding 4 standard drinks * post menopausal women currently under hormone replacement treatment * hypertension (\>140/90 mm hg) * individuals outside the age range 35-60

Keywords: green tea fermented papaya preparation diabetes cardiovascular diseases atherosclerotic plaques glucose dietary supplements and functional foods
methadone and medication abortion

Conditions: Pain; Medical Abortion

Summary: pain has been recognized to be the most common and predictable side effect of medication abortion, causing significant distress associated with the process. yet there is little known about the appropriate management of pain during this process, with no current evidence based recommendations for optimal analgesic regimens during the first trimester. the goal of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of oral methadone for pain control during medication abortion. the current medication regimen used to perform medication abortion is a dose of mifepristone (antiprogesterone) orally, followed by a dose of misoprostol (prostaglandin analogue) 24 to 72 hours later. patients are prescribed a standard dose of ibuprofen 600-800mg tabs for pain control during the process. the investigators will conduct a non-randomized, pilot study with 25 patients evaluated at the boston medical center family planning clinic at 10 weeks of gestation or less for medication abortion.

the primary objective of this research study is to determine the feasibility of enrolling patients in a study that requires the consumption of methadone for acute pain management for medication abortion. secondary objectives include the assessment of pain using: pain scores at 0, 4, 8, and 24 hours following misoprostol, use of supplementary analgesia, reported side effects, and patient satisfaction all participants will be instructed to take methadone 5 mg orally (1 tablet) simultaneously with the consumption of misoprostol. the participants will be evaluated using an 11 point numeric rating pain scale with 0 (no pain) and 10 (most severe pain). patients will be given a telephone number to which they will be asked to text study staff indicating that misoprostol and methadone have been consumed. study staff will phone the participants at 0, 4, 8 and 24 hours post misoprostol consumption to conduct a survey posing questions about maximum pain scores, compliance with study medication and any adverse effects experienced. participants will also be contacted at 48 hours for further evaluation of any reported adverse events and 1 week post misoprostol to assess ease of study design and instructions, pain experience, perisomal view on consumption of methadone and patient satisfaction.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women requesting medication abortion up to 10 weeks gestation * fluent english speaking * able and willing to receive and send text messages and receive phone calls * opioid naive * healthy patients with no significant comorbidities exclusion criteria: * any history of drug or alcohol use, opioid use in last 30 days, chronic use of pain medications, or use of benzodiazepines. * any chronic disease including renal, liver, respiratory or cardiac disease * any known allergies to mifepristone, misoprostol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) and methadone. * known history of qt prolongation

Keywords: oral methadone pain control
deep brain stimulation for voice tremor: left, right, or both hemispheres?

Conditions: Essential Voice Tremor; Deep Brain Stimulation; Essential Tremor; Laryngeal Diseases; Action Tremor; Tremor, Nerve

Summary: deep brain stimulation (dbs) is the gold standard treatment for essential tremor (et). et is a movement disorder which causes the arms, feet, fingers, head or voice to involuntarily shake. the dbs surgical procedure involves implanting an electrode deep within the brain which blocks damaging signals that cause the tremor. essential voice tremor (evt) is the vocal manifestation of et and a number of individuals have both et and evt, and when these patients are implanted for their et, their evt symptoms are often also mitigated. this study aims to quantify the effects of dbs on evt by testing on these et+evt patients. in addition to this, we hope to determine which hemisphere of the brain is responsible for larynx control: left or right.

essential tremor (et) is the most common movement disorder in adults, affecting approximately 5% of individuals over the age of 65. of this 5%, roughly 20% of these patients suffer from essential voice tremor (evt): the phonatory manifestation of et. patients with evt lose their ability to speak due to a tremor in the muscles of the larynx, pharynx, palate, and tongue. because of this, an individual's quality of life is limited because they can no longer communicate effectively. the purpose of this study is to quantify to what degree deep brain stimulation improves essential voice tremor. in addition to this, we hope to examine which brain hemisphere is responsible for these positive results: right, left, or both, in a prospective, randomized, double-blinded manner. by finding out more about the subcortical control underpinning speech, we will be able to improve our treatments and understanding of evt and other neurological speech disorders.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participant has been implanted with the dbs for et * participant has significant voice tremor as determined by our laryngology/speech-language pathology team exclusion criteria: * participant does not have history of aphasia or other speech/language deficits * participant does not have history of stroke or multiple sclerosis

Keywords: deep brain stimulation laryngeal motor cortex essential voice tremor essential tremor
a prospective trial of ayurveda for coronary artery disease

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: can ayurvedic therapy improve markers of cardiovascular health and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease.

patients with established coronary artery disease will be treated with 90 days of ayurvedic therapy to include yoga, meditation, breathing exercises,and herbs. arterial stiffness, weight, bmi, bp, medications, cholesterol, ldl, hdl, triglyceride, hs-crp will be measured at baseline and after 90 days of therapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * stable coronary artery disease (prior mi, coronary angioplasty or stent, coronary bypass surgery) exclusion criteria: * age \< 18 years * life expectancy \< 6 months * pregnancy or breast feeding * unwilling or unable to complete 90 days of therapy * already receiving/taking ayurvedic therapy * unable to converse in or understand english language