Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
incidence and predictors of delirium after cardiac surgery

Conditions: Delirium; Depression; Cognitive Impairment

Summary: the objective of the present research is to evaluate the incidence and independent predictors of delirium observed among patients after cardiac surgery. moreover, to asses the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition criteria (dsm-iv) and international statistical classification of diseases and health related problems - tenth revision criteria (icd-10), and the cut-off values of the memorial delirium assessment scale (mdas) and delirium index (di) in diagnosing postoperative delirium.

since 1954, the issue of delirium as a complication following cardiac surgery has been extensively investigated. despite this, postoperative delirium is still a serious event that results in higher morbidity and mortality rates, and prolongs hospitalisation. moreover, there is a considerable discrepancy between studies on the incidence and risk factors of delirium among cardiac surgery patients.the first potential reason for this observation is retrospective design of some studies, secondly, the modest number of participants in numerous prospective studies which does not provide strong statistical power to select patients with delirium and detect risk factors of this complication. unfortunately, reports with a more considerable number of patients often have methodological limitations. additionally, in previous studies authors usually analyzed pre- and intraoperative variables ignoring potential postoperative risk factors of delirium. finally, some variables which seem to have a crucial role in aetiology of delirium after cardiac surgery, particularly perioperative hypoxia, anaemia, and preoperative psychiatric disorders like depression and cognitive impairment, have not been properly investigated to date. therefore, we made an effort to design a prospective study on the incidence and predictors of delirium after different types of cardiac surgery, conducted by experienced investigators, and with the use of valid diagnostic tools.to our knowledge this is the first research pointing out the association between preoperative psychiatric comorbidity, anaemia and postoperative hypoxia, and delirium after cardiac surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients 18 years old and older * patients who signed an informed consent * patients scheduled for cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation (coronary-artery bypass grafting (cabg), cardiac valve replacement (cvr), combined cabg + cvr, excision of cardiac myxoma) exclusion criteria: * patients who refuse to participate before or after operation * patients who undergo urgent surgery * patients in poor general condition * patients with preoperative dementia, delirium or illiterate

Keywords: delirium cardiac surgery depression cognitive impairment diagnostic criteria for delirium memorial delirium assessment scale delirium index
comparison of daily single dose triple and conventional triple therapies for helicobacter pylori infection

Conditions: Helicobacter Infection

Summary: this study is conducted to investigate whether the efficacy of single-dose triple therapy (esomeprazole 40 mg, tinidazole 1 g, and levofluxacine 500 mg) for 14 days is superior to double-dose lansoprazole 30 mg, amoxicillin 1 g and clarithromycin 500 mg for 14 days in the treatment of h pylori infection.

multiple regimens have been evaluated for h. pylori therapy in randomized controlled trials the treatment regimen that is selected must be effective, but considerations such as cost, side effects, and ease of administration should also be taken into account. despite the number of studies, the optimal therapeutic regimen has not yet been defined. the regimen most commonly recommended for first line treatment of h. pylori is triple therapy with a ppi, amoxicillin and clarithromycin for 14 days. however, the multi-drug application is associated with remarkable side effects and it is not uncommon not to be able to complete a treatment course. thus, treatment failure is associated with h. pylori strains that are resistant to the commonly used antibiotics. this study is conducted to investigate whether the efficacy of single-dose triple therapy (esomeprazole 40 mg, tinidazole 1 g, and levofluxacine 500 mg) for 14 days is superior to double-dose lansoprazole 30 mg, amoxicillin 1 g and clarithromycin 500 mg for 14 days in the treatment of h pylori infection.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patients who proved h. pylori infection following three methods * positive rapid urease test * histologic evidence of h. pylori by modified giemsa staining * positive stool antigen test exclusion criteria: * patients who received eradication therapy for h. pylori infection, previously * h. pylori eradication failure because of poor compliance * the administration of antibiotics or the consumption of bismuth salts within 4 weeks or the administration of a proton pump inhibitor (ppi) within 2 weeks * advanced gastric cancer or other malignancy * abnormal liver function or liver cirrhosis * abnormal renal function or chronic kidney disease * other severe concurrent diseases * previous allergic reactions to the study drugs * pregnant or lactating women
use of cell therapy to enhance arthroscopic knee cartilage surgery

Conditions: Articular Cartilage Defect Grade III or IV of the Knee

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the potential benefit of enhancing knee surgery for cartilage injury using some of the patient's own cells, taken from fat tissue, that may be able to help cartilage to regenerate.

participation in this study will allow the surgical team to remove a small amount of fat (20 to 30 ml, or between 1 and 2 tablespoons) from just below the skin in the belly region that will be processed to remove regenerative cells, which will then inserted into the knee to the damaged cartilage. these cells may encourage healing at the surgical site, although whether or how much they encourage healing is unknown. determining whether such improved healing occurs is the purpose of this study. some patients will have the fat removed and cells inserted in their knee, and other patients will not have the fat removed or cells inserted. to which group patients are assigned is determined by a random process, similar to flipping a coin. the surgery is the same in all other ways for all patients. participation will require attending regularly scheduled postoperative visits, having 3 mri tests, and answering a short survey. no additional visits other beyond those normally scheduled for postsurgical care are required.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects undergoing microfracture surgery for the repair of articular cartilage * osteochondral defect grade iii or iv * age 18 to 68 years * sufficient subcutaneous adipose tissue to yield 20-30 cc of lipoaspirate * written informed consent * ability to speak, read and write english or spanish exclusion criteria: * inability to speak, read and write english or spanish * evidence of malignant disorder/neoplasm in past 24 months * history of basal cell carcinoma * history of smoking and not committed to give up * chronic skin conditions * connective, metabolic or skin disease * evidence of active infection * pregnancy or lactating for female subjects * diabetes type i or ii * current steroid use * immunosuppressive medication * renal failure (creatine \> 1.8 mg/dl) * hepatic failure (ast, alt \>2 times normal values; bilirubin \>2.0 mg/dl) * inflammatory joint diseases of the knee that indicate additional, conflating therapies * joint infection within the past 6 months * meniscal resection of greater than 50% prior to, or at time of procedure * uncorrected joint instability * joint malalignment \> 5 degrees

Keywords: knee cartilage microfracture cell therapy
treatment of residual amblyopia with donepezil

Conditions: Amblyopia

Summary: amblyopia is the leading cause of monocular visual impairment in children and adults. despite conventional treatment with patching or eye drops, many older children and adults do not achieve normal vision in the amblyopic eye. donepezil is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that increases levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain. use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors has been demonstrated by the hensch lab (department of neurology, fm kirby neurobiology center) at boston children's hospital to improve vision and reverse amblyopia in animal models. the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of oral donepezil as treatment for residual amblyopia (20/50 - 20/400) in patients 8 years of age and older.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥8 years 2. amblyopia associated with strabismus and/or anisometropia 3. amblyopic eye visual acuity of 20/50 - 20/400 4. sound eye visual acuity of ≥20/25 5. for 8 to 17 year olds, current amblyopia treatment of at least 2 hours of daily patching for at least 4 weeks during the pre-enrollment period with no improvement in best-corrected amblyopic eye visual acuity (\<5 letters or 1 logmar line between 2 consecutive visual acuity measurements at least 4 weeks apart while on current treatment) 6. for ≥18 year olds, history of prior amblyopia treatment with patching 7. wearing optimal optical correction with stable amblyopic eye visual acuity (\<5 letters or 1 logmar line of improvement during 2 consecutive visual acuity measurements at least 4 weeks apart) 8. complete eye examination within 6 months prior to enrollment 9. available for at least 6 months of follow-up, have access to a phone, and willing to be contacted by clinical staff 10. likely to comply with prescribed treatment and unlikely, if applicable, to continue to improve with 2 hours of daily patching alone exclusion criteria: 1. myopia more than -6.00 d spherical equivalent 2. presence of associated findings that could cause reduced visual acuity 3. previous intraocular or refractive surgery 4. strabismus surgery planned within 22 weeks 5. current vision therapy or orthoptics 6. treatment with topical atropine within the past 4 weeks 7. presence of cardiac condition, asthma, obstructive pulmonary disease, seizure disorder, urinary incontinence, and/or peptic ulcer disease receiving concurrent nsaids 8. history of gastrointestinal bleeding from peptic ulcer disease 9. known psychological problems 10. known skin reaction to patch or bandage adhesives for 8 to 17 year olds 11. known allergies or contraindications to the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors 12. prior acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment 13. current use of medication for the treatment of adhd or psychological disorders 14. inability to swallow pills equivalent in size to the 5 mg donepezil tablet 15. females who are pregnant, lactating, or intending to become pregnant within the next 6 months

Keywords: amblyopia donepezil
an extension study of kct-0809 in dry eye patients with sjögren's syndrome

Conditions: Dry Eye With Sjögren's Syndrome

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate of the long-term safety and efficacy of kct-0809 in dry eye patients with sjögren's syndrome.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * dry eye patients with sjögren's syndrome finished kct1301 study exclusion criteria: * patients with poor adherence to medication of study drug in kct1301 study

Keywords: dry eye syndromes corneal diseases conjunctival diseases
lamotrigine in the treatment of bipolar disorder in women of reproductive age

Conditions: Bipolar Disorder

Summary: this project will expand current knowledge of reproductive biology in women with bipolar disorder as well as assessing the impact of lamotrigine use for the treatment of bipolar disorder on reproductive function. specifically, this study examines mood over the menstrual cycle and ovulation for three consecutive menstrual cycles in women treated for bipolar i, ii, or nos (not otherwise specified) with lamotrigine. in addition, testosterone and lipid concentrations will be measured before the participant starts receiving lamotrigine, as well as six months after receiving lamotrigine.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria:: * female * ages 18 through 45 * diagnosis of bipolar disorder (i, ii, or nos) * willing to sign the human subject protection consent form prior to enrollment into the study * willing to use lamotrigine * never used lamotrigine prior to study entry exclusion criteria:- unwilling or unable to comply with study requirements, e.g. complete forms, or attend scheduled evaluations * significant alcohol and/or substance abuse or dependence within the prior 6 months * used lamotrigine prior to study entry, or currently using lamotrigine at study entry
risk factors for mechanical failure after spinal fusion : an observational study

Conditions: Spinal Fusion; Surgery--Complications; Spine Disease

Summary: the aim of this of study is to identify the incidence of mechanical failures after spinal fusion within one year of surgery and to assess the related risk factors.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients undergoing spine fusion and followed up for clinical checks in the year following the surgery . exclusion criteria: * patients undergoing spine surgery without the application of instrumentation
candidemia in a pediatric center and importance of central venous catheter removal

Conditions: Candidemia

Summary: candidemia has emerged as an important cause of hospital-associated blood-stream infection in children. the purpose of this study was to identify differences in distribution of candida species, risk factors, treatment, and clinical outcome of candidemia in children. this study in children ≤18 years with blood culture proven candidemia identified between 2004 and 2012. analyses included the determination of causative candida species, resistance to antifungals and clinical outcome, as well as the identification of potential risk factors associated with candidemia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * presence of growth of any candida species in at least one blood culture exclusion criteria: * febrile neutropenic patients who were using empirical antifungal agents

Keywords: candidemia children mortality risk factors
self-sampling among long-term non-attenders to cervical cancer screening

Conditions: Cervical Cancer

Summary: the trial will evaluate whether human papillomavirus (hpv) self-sampling may increase cervical cancer screening attendance among under-screened women in norway, how different ways of offering self-sampling and follow-up may affect attendance, and whether self-sampling may reduce inequities in attendance.

a randomized control trial will be performed on the effect of vaginal hpv self-sampling on screening attendance, targeting women age 35-69 who have not attended screening for at least 10 years. the women will be randomly allocated to one of three interventions: (i) receive a reminder to be screened by a physician; (ii) receive a self-sampling kit; (iii) receive an offer to order a self-sampling kit. comparisons of the screening attendance among the interventions will be made. to also address potential effects on inequities, the analyses will include comparisons by sociodemographic characteristics. the rates of cervical cancer/precancer among the interventions will also be compared. further, to assess the feasibility of and the compliance to follow-up after a positive hpv test in this population, half of the hpv-positive women from each self-sampling arm will be referred to initial follow-up by their regular general practitioner (gp), while the other half will be referred to initial follow-up by a gynecologist. the project will be embedded in the national cervical cancer screening program, and will utilize the extensive nationwide registers describing performance and outcomes of screening collected by the cancer registry of norway.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women living in the regions hordaland, vest-agder, rogaland or sør-trøndelag, who have been eligible for screening in norway, but who have not attended screening for at least 10 years (2009-2018) exclusion criteria: * women who have not been eligible for cervical cancer screening during the entire 10 year period (2009-2018)

Keywords: mass screening non-attendance self-sampling hpv
efficacy and neural mediators of response to trauma management therapy for ptsd

Conditions: PTSD

Summary: social difficulties are serious and frequent complicating factors in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd). to better understand how treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder impacts neural mechanisms of social cognition, the investigators are examining behavior and brain processes associated with response to trauma management therapy. understanding the behavioral and neural impact of psychotherapy may contribute to development of more effective treatments for ptsd.

ptsd is associated with significant interpersonal difficulties that interfere with functioning. as such, this work is intended to evaluate the empirical support for a novel treatment that fills a significant gap in the treatment options available to veterans with ptsd who suffer with interpersonal difficulties. in this study the investigators will (i) evaluate the efficacy of trauma management therapy (tmt) for treating ptsd-related interpersonal dysfunction, as well as ptsd-related fear and anxiety, and (ii) evaluate neural mediators of clinical improvements associated with tmt. this work will provide insights into the mechanisms by which treatments may lead to improvements in social functioning, informing both the biological basis of psychotherapy and the development and refinement of alternative therapeutic interventions targeting social impairments. treatment seeking veterans with ptsd will be randomized to one of two treatments: (i) trauma management therapy, consisting of 12 sessions of individualized exposure therapy followed by 24 sessions of group-based social and emotional rehabilitation, or (ii) exposure + comparison treatment group consisting of 12 sessions of individualized exposure therapy followed by 24 sessions of group-based psychotherapy. veterans enrolled in both the tmt and exp+grp arms will undergo functional neuroimaging as they engage in an emotional image viewing task, as well as two social interaction tasks. neurobehavioral assessments will be made prior to and following completion of treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female veterans of all ethnicities * meet diagnostic criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (assessed by study staff) * fluent in english * able to see computer display clearly * able to provide informed consent * able to follow written or verbal instructions exclusion criteria: * history of seizures * history of stroke * cushing's syndrome * history of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury * electroconvulsive therapy within 5 years * history of chemotherapy for cancer * contraindications to fmri * pregnancy * diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder and/or organic psychosis

Keywords: ptsd neuroimaging fmri veterans exposure therapy treatment
telematic dance intervention on quality of life of older

Conditions: Aging Well

Summary: the aim of this study is to analyse the effectiveness of a telematic dance intervention on the quality of life of older people. this project is a controlled, randomized clinical trial. 54 people (intervention group, n=27; control group, n=27) between the ages of 60-80 will participate in the study. intervention group participants will perform a 3-month telematic dance program based on choreographic work. the participants shall be measured 3 times, at baseline, post-intervention, and at 6-month post-intervention follow-up. aside from the quality of life, variables of balance, risk of falling, number of falls, level of physical activity, mood, functionality, comorbidity, and quadriceps strength will also be measured.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 60-80. * owning a device that can connect to internet to visualize videos and do videocalls, in case a session to resolve doubts is necessary. exclusion criteria: * subjects with degenerative or cognitive pathologies * subjects with severe visual deficiencies. * subjects with any acute pain. * subjects with inability to stand. * subjects with any medical contraindication to exercise (cardiovascular risk factors). * subjects incapable of managing telematic devices to follow the sessions. * subjects who refuse to sign the informed consent.

Keywords: older; dance; muscle strenght; quality of life
inspection of the colon using a retrograde viewing device for detection of colorectal polyps

Conditions: Adenoma; Polyps

Summary: during standard colonoscopy a substantial number of colorectal polyps may be missed. previous studies have found a 12-28% of miss rate for all polyps, a 31% for hyperplastic polyps and 6-27% for adenomas. in this study it is tested whether a retro viewing endoscope can detect more colorectal polyps in comparisson to standard forward viewing endoscopy. further, ppolyps detected, mean adenomas per patient and withdrawal time are recorded.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * screening colonoscopy * 18 years of age exclusion criteria: * inflammatory bowel disease * inadequate bowel preparation

Keywords: retroviewing endoscopy adenoma detection polyp detection
spectral optical coherence tomography findings in patients with ocular toxoplasmosis

Conditions: Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Summary: ocular toxoplasmosis is the most common cause of infectious uveitis worldwide. the diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis is primarily clinical when it is a typical presentation .with an atypical presentation in the fundus, parasitological diagnosis is a decisive contribution, as well as multimodal imaging. we investigate on vitreal, retinal, and choroidal morphologic changes in active and scarred toxoplasmosis lesions using swept source optical coherence tomography.

a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with ocular toxoplasmosis was conducted. the patients were examined at ophthalmology service of farhat hached hospital in sousse tunisia between january 2002 and december 2017. complete ophthalmologic examination and oct were done at the initial visit and during follow-up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients hospitalized for ocular toxoplasmosis. exclusion criteria: * patients with non active ocular toxoplasmosis

Keywords: spectral optical coherence tomography ocular toxoplasmosis uveitis