Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
anterior lens capsule as a spacer in the deep sclerectomy _ phacoemulsification

Conditions: Glaucoma; Cataract

Summary: in this randomized clinical trial, patients with concomitant glaucoma and cataract candidate for non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (npds) and phacoemulsification (pe) and subtenon mitomycin injection will be enrolled. patients will randomly be allocated to two groups \["npds and pe and autotransplantation of human anterior lens capsule (alc)" and "npds and pe" alone\]. exclusion criteria will be the patients with prior ocular surgery, neovascular glaucoma, uveitis, or compromised ocular surface. the intervention group will be undergoing npds and pe with the use of an alc as the spacer in the intrascleral lake. the control group will be undergoing npds and pe without any spacer. the primary outcome will be intraocular pressure measured on days 1, 3, 7, months 1, 3, 6, and 12. the secondary outcomes will be surgical success rate (complete and qualified), the number of glaucoma medications, best-corrected visual acuity, surgical complications, and the need for needling and laser goniopuncture measured at the same intervals. the complete success rate will be defined as intraocular pressure less than 18 mmhg with a 20 percent reduction without anti-glaucoma medication. the qualified success rate will be defined as intraocular pressure less than 18 mmhg with a 20 percent reduction with anti-glaucoma medication.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria * patients with concomitant uncontrolled glaucoma and significant cataract * progression in glaucoma despite medical treatment * age more than 18 years old exclusion criteria * prior ocular surgery * neovascular glaucoma or uveitic glaucoma * compromised ocular surface or insufficient conjunctiva
development of method of fructose identification in urine to detect the viral infection

Conditions: Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Summary: the goal of this research is the attempt to implement a new research method based on modern electrochemistry successes, in particular the development of the polarographic method of fructose and fructose diphosphate identification and its implementation to detect the viral infection in early stage. there will be 20 samples from the hiv-infected patients and 30 samples from the heath controls. the study will collect 10ml urine and examined fructose and fructose-diphosphate using the polarographic method.

the goal of this research is the attempt to implement a new research method based on modern electrochemistry successes, in particular the development of the polarographic method of fructose and fructose diphosphate identification and its implementation to detect the viral infection in early stage.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hiv infection exclusion criteria: * who are in highly active antiretroviral therapy(harrt) therapy

Keywords: hiv, fructose
developing enhanced prediction models

Conditions: Acute Myocardial Infraction or Chest Pain; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD); Congestive Heart Failure (CHF); Diabetes; Pneumonia

Summary: in this study, patients will be prospectively enrolled for data collection to design prediction models that integrate claims data (inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy), electronic health record data (on clinical, social, and behavioral indicators), and patient-generated activity data. patients will be randomized to use either a smartphone or a wearable activity tracking device to capture patient-generated health data.

many hospital readmissions could be prevented if higher risk patients were identified and effective interventions then targeted towards these individuals. however, most existing claims-based predictive models perform poorly and do not provide timely and actionable information. in this study, researchers will prospectively enroll patients for data collection to design prediction models that integrate claims data (inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy), electronic health record data (on clinical, social, and behavioral indicators), and use wearable devices or smartphones to collect patient-generated data (physical activity and sleep patterns). patients will be randomized to use either a smartphone or a wearable activity tracking device to capture patient-generated health data.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. be 18 years or older 2. be able to provide informed consent 3. be admitted to the hospital of the university of pennsylvania or penn presbyterian medical center 4. have a smartphone or tablet compatible with activity tracking devices 5. plan to be discharged to home exclusion criteria: have no medical condition which prohibits them from ambulating or plan for any medical procedure over the next 6 months that would prohibit them from ambulating.
buspirone for functional dysphagia

Conditions: Functional Dysphagia; Ineffective Esophageal Motility

Summary: this study evaluates the utility of buspirone in patients who have a diagnosis of functional dysphagia. all participants will be randomized to receive either a placebo pill or buspirone. subsequently, we will evaluate whether their swallowing is improved. participants who were randomized to receive placebo will then receive buspirone and those who were receiving buspirone will receive placebo. we will again evaluate whether their swallowing improved.

buspirone helps to modulate molecules which can affect the activity of the muscles in the esophagus. studies in the past have shown that in healthy people, buspirone can improve the vigor with which the esophagus squeezes to propel food into the stomach. in patients with functional dysphagia, the esophagus muscles may be weak (as defined by manometry). our two phase study will evaluate both symptoms of difficulty swallowing and the vigor with which the esophagus propels a bolus in patients after they 1) receive placebo pills and 2) receive buspirone pills. we hypothesize that the placebo pills will not affect the vigor of the muscles or the symptoms of difficulty swallowing, but that buspirone will improve both outcomes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of iem per chicago classification, v3.0 criteria - as noted above * esophagogastroduodenoscopy (egd) negative for mechanical obstruction * esophageal biopsies negative for eosinophilic esophagitis exclusion criteria: * pregnant women * prisoners * currently on other serotonin modulating medications
covid-19 immunologic antiviral therapy with omalizumab

Conditions: Covid19

Summary: to evaluate if omalizumab is effective in decreasing mortality in severe hospitalized covid-19 cases.

coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) has affected over 88 million people, resulting in the death of at least 1.9 million individuals and numbers continue to climb exponentially. despite these staggering numbers, there are currently very few effective treatments for covid-19. the immune response to covid-19 virus appears to follow 2 phases. during the incubation and early disease, interferon (ex. inf-α) signaling and adaptive immunity preclude the disease from progressing. if, and when, this immune response is impaired, the virus may cause pathologic inflammation leading to massive organ dysfunction leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards). omalizumab is a humanized anti-ige antibody approved by health canada for the treatment of moderate-severe asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria. omalizumab has been shown to exhibit antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects in virally exacerbated asthma cases that may be relevant to the treatment of covid-19. this is a double blind randomized placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of a single dose of omalizumab in reducing all cause mortality at day 29 in severe hospitalized covid-19 cases. moreover, time to improvement/hospital discharge, incidence and duration of mechanical ventilation and safety will be assessed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. positive rt-pcr assay for sars-cov-2; 2. covid-19 disease requiring hospitalization 3. dyspnea at rest or during minimal activity (sitting, talking, coughing, swallowing), or * respiratory rate \> 22/min, or * pao2 \< 65mmhg or o2sat \< 90%, or * infiltrate on chest radiography (cxr) (worsening cxr if baseline abnormal) 4. age ≥18 years; 5. ability to provide consent or to provide consent via a substitute decision maker patients who are pregnant may also be eligible if consent is provided. patients who have received one of the sars-cov2 vaccines and/or bamlanivimab are eligible to participate in the study exclusion criteria: 1. known hypersensitivity to omalizumab or its excipients 2. inability to give consent themselves or via proxy 3. patients who received omalizumab or another anti-ige molecule in the last 12 months 4. patients receiving another monoclonal antibody to treat sars-cov-2/other indication prior to starting ciao trial. however, once the study is initiated, if it is judged by the treating team/patient's doctor that patient's health/clinical status may benefit from a monoclonal antibody (e.g. tocilizumab), this will be allowed. 5. patients who are below the age of 18

Keywords: omalizumab interferon-alpha covid-19 sars-cov-2 coronavirus corona virus
risk factors for post-operative nonunion of tibial shaft fractures based on a path analysis model

Conditions: Nonunion of Fracture of Tibia (Diagnosis)

Summary: tibial shaft fractures is common long tubular fracture that account for about 13.7% of all fractures. and the incidence of nonunion of tibial shaft fracture varied from 1% to 80%. this study aimed to confirm the risk factors of nonunion of tibial shaft fracture. moreover, the investigators hope to establish the clinical pathway of various risk factors for fracture nonunion and affirm the importance of different risk factors.

tibial shaft fractures is common long tubular fracture that account for about 13.7% of all fractures. and the incidence of nonunion of tibial shaft fracture varied from 1% to 80%. the investigators retrospectively analyzed the demographics of these participants in our hospital that occur long tubular fracture. one group is participants that existed fracture nonunion. and the other group is the participants that did not exist fracture nonunion. the investigators recorded twelve variables and confirm the risk factors by uni-variate logistic regression analysis. moreover, the investigators hope to establish the clinical pathway of various risk factors for fracture nonunion and affirm the importance of different risk factors.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the tibial shaft fracture was caused by trauma. exclusion criteria: * the tibial shaft fracture was caused by tumor, infection and other reasons.

Keywords: nonunion tibial shaft fracture path analysis model
efficacy of misoprostol in prevention of neonatal respiratory morbidity in parturient at early term elective caesarian section

Conditions: Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn; Neonatal Respiratory Distress

Summary: neonatal respiratory morbidities represent a common group of post natal complications including respiratory distress syndrome, transient tachypnea of newborn, and persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn. it is thought that preoperative vaginal misoprostol administration may decrease the incidence of neonatal respiratory morbidity especially transient tachypnea of newborn. and therefore, it may decrease the incidence of admission to neonatal intensive care units for respiratory causes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: 18 years or more. * early term singleton pregnancy. * elective caesarian section at (37 - 38+6) weeks of gestation. * any indication for lower uterine segment caesarian section other than labor (as malpresentations, severe preeclampsia, placenta previa with no previous bleeding attacks, diabetes mellitus, macrosomic fetus, non reassuring cardiotocogram (ctg), and fetal growth restriction). * informed written consent signed by the participating pregnant woman. exclusion criteria: * women having any contraindication to prostaglandin e1 as hypersensitivity, respiratory disease (especially bronchial asthma), or glaucoma. * any mental problems that block understanding of the nature and all the possible consequences of the procedure and the study. * pregnancies of known fetal diseases or chromosomal abnormalities. * non-singleton pregnancies. * emergency caesarian section as in ruptured membrane and women in labor pain.
alpha-1 antitrypsin disease cohort: longitudinal biomarker study of disease

Conditions: Alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency; Genetic Disease

Summary: alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency (aatd) is a genetic disease with lung and liver disease presentations. the purpose of this study is to examine the density of the lung as measured by chest computed tomography (ct) and determine if existing emphysema predicts changes in the rate of subsequent emphysema or changes in ct, serum or plasma biomarkers of interest. the overarching goal is to develop biomarkers that can be used in interventional trials since lung function changes do not typically inform disease progression in aatd.

progression of lung disease in patients with alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency is variable and while some patients may have stable lung function over many years, some progress and deteriorate rapidly. currently there are no predictors that would help identify patient at risk of rapid deterioration. the aim of this study is to identify markers and features in ct imaging that may allow identification of these patients early before deterioration. to achieve this, the study will follow a cohort of patients with confirmed alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency and lung disease and measure a number of biomarkers in blood and sputum and obtain high resolution ct scans at baseline and again three years later. if the study is able to determine markers that allow the identification of patients at risk early, the investigator may be able to study early interventions in later studies and possibly find ways to avoid serious complications. patients will be followed longitudinally to assess deterioration of lung function. study procedures include: review of medical history and medication history, blood draw, complete pulmonary function test (pft), induced sputum (at some sites), completion of questionnaires and ct chest scan. all of the mentioned procedures above will be performed on enrollment and repeated at 18 months and 36 months, with the exception of monthly alpha- net exacerbation questionnaires.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. males and females aged 18 years and older 2. patients with known alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency (pizz) 3. be an existing member of the alpha-1 foundation clinical cohort (alpha-1 foundation research registry) 4. willingness to perform study procedures of chest ct, blood biomarker determination, questionnaire completion, and lung function testing. exclusion criteria: 1. aatd non-pizz status, including carriers 2. pregnancy at the time of the screening visit 3. copd exacerbation or other pulmonary infection within 6 weeks of baseline visit 4. previous lung or liver transplantation or currently on the transplant list

Keywords: alpha-1 biomarker pizz
a safety and efficacy study of lymphostat-b™ (monoclonal anti-blys antibody) in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (ra)

Conditions: Arthritis, Rheumatoid

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 3 different doses of belimumab, administered in addition to standard therapy, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra).

the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of three different doses of belimumab (1 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg), administered in addition to standard therapy, compared to placebo plus standard therapy in patients with ra. all patients were to be dosed on days 0, 14, and 28, then every 28 days for the remainder of 24 weeks. patients completing the 24-week period could enter a 24-week open-label extension; belimumab patients received the same dose or were switched to 10 mg/kg at the investigator's discretion and former placebo patients received belimumab 10 mg/kg.

Eligibility criteria:
primary inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of ra for at least 1 year * failed at least 1 disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (dmard) due to toxicity or lack of efficacy. these drugs must include 1 or more of the following: methotrexate, parenteral gold, sulfasalazine, leflunomide, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnfα) inhibitors (infliximab, etanercept or adalimumab) * active ra disease of at least moderate disease activity * be on a stable ra treatment regimen for at least the past 60 days (for dmards); if on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) or steroids these must be at a stable dose for the last 30 days primary exclusion criteria: * received a non-fda approved investigational agent within the last 28 days * currently receiving or received within the last 60 days the following: tnfα-inhibitors (infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab) or interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra) * currently receiving or received within the last 6 months the following: anti-cd20 antibody (rituximab) or cyclophosphamide * steroid injection into any joint within the last 30 days * history of hypogammaglobulinemia or immunoglobulin a (iga) deficiency * history of chronic infection that has been active within last 6 months, or herpes zoster within last 90 days, or any infection requiring hospitalization or intravenous medication within last 60 days * human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis-b, hepatitis-c

Keywords: ra
tiotropium in exercise

Conditions: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Exercise

Summary: the objective of this study is to evaluate the effects on exercise duration of 96 weeks treatment with 18 mcg tiotropium (spiriva handihaler) daily as compared to placebo, in patients with copd.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria 1. all patients must sign an informed consent 2. diagnosis of copd with specific spirometric criteria (determined at study visits) 3. age \>= 40 years 4. medical research council dyspnoea score \>= 2 5. current or ex-smoker with a \>= 10 pack-year smoking history 6. ability to exercise on treadmill exclusion criteria 1. significant diseases other than copd such as history of life-threatening pulmonary obstruction, thoracotomy with pulmonary resection, interstitial lung disease, cf, pulmonary thromboembolic disease, clinically evident bronchiectasis, active tuberculosis, or known moderate to severe renal impairment 2. clinical history of asthma 3. use of supplemental oxygen therapy 4. respiratory tract infection or copd exacerbation in the 6 weeks prior to visit 1 or during the washout period prior to visit 3 (may randomize 6 weeks after recovery) 5. recent history (\<= 12 months) of myocardial infarction 6. unstable or life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia 7. malignancy treated with radiation therapy or chemotherapy in the last 5 years 8. pregnant or nursing women 9. known hypersensitivity to anticholinergic drugs or any component of the study medications 10. participation in pulmonary or cardiac rehab program within 13 weeks of visit 1 11. estimated life expectancy \< 2 years 12. symptomatic prostatic hyperplasia or bladder neck obstruction 13. known narrow-angle glaucoma 14. any condition that is contraindicated for exercise 15. orthopaedic, muscular, neurological or cardiac disease that would interfere with regular participation in aerobic exercise or with exercise testing 16. body mass index \ 35 kg/m2 list truncated for space
efficacy of electromagnetic stimulation therapy for chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome

Conditions: Chronic Prostatitis; Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome

Summary: in 1995 the national institutes of health-national institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney diseases (niddk) workshop reached a consensus on the definition and classification of prostatitis syndromes.the commonest and yet most poorly understood of these prostatitis syndromes is category iii or chronic pelvic pain syndrome (cpps). it has been shown that, while men with cpps have significantly higher leukocyte counts in urine and expressed prostatic secretions compared with age matched controls, inflammation and infection do not necessarily correlate with symptom severity. the lack of a direct relationship between inflammation and symptoms is supported through studies of prostate histopathology, in which moderate or severe inflammation was identified in only 5% of men with cpps.conventional treatment has focused on long, empirical courses of expensive broad-spectrum antibiotics, mostly of the quinolone class, with or without the concomitant use of an α-blocker and anti-inflammatory agents. at the turn of the 19th century stimulation with electrical current and changing magnetic fields was used to treat surface conditions associated with intractable pain, such as painful malignant ulcers. the analgesic benefits of pulsed electromagnetic fields for relieving pelvic pain has been investigated in women with tissue trauma and chronic refractory pelvic pain.despite its uncertain etiology there is some evidence that the symptom complex found in cpps may be founded at least in part in pelvic floor muscular dysfunction and/or neurogenic hypersensitivity/inflammation. we hypothesized that the application of a electromagnetic stimulation to the perineum of the subject may result in neural excitation and pelvic floor muscle stimulation to a degree that breaks the cycle of tonic muscular spasm and neural hypersensitivity/inflammation, thereby, restoring more normal pelvic floor muscular activity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: male patients with * age ≥ 18 * niddk category iii chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome * symptom duration ≥ 3 months * the sum of 1 or 2 domain of nih-cpsi ≥ 1 point * the sum nih-cpsi ≥ 15 points exclusion criteria: patients with * history of prostate cancer * history of pelvic irradiation * history of transurethral surgery * urinary tract infection within 6 months to screening * postvoid urine volume ≥ 150ml * interstitial cystitis

Keywords: electromagnetic stimulation therapy chronic prostatitis chronic pelvic pain syndrome
is breast massage necessary to find sentinel lymph node?

Conditions: Sentinel Lymph Node; Breast Cancer

Summary: sentinel lymph node biopsy is important for staging in patients with breast cancer and changes the way of surgery. one of the most commonly used methods to find the sentinel lymph node during surgery is to apply blue dye around the areola and then search for the sentinel lymph node. breast massage is recommended following administration of the blue dye. however, the necessity of this massage is controversial. in this study, investigators will try to find out whether massage of the breast after blue dye injection has any positive effect on finding the sentinel lymph node.

this research is a prospective randomized study. patients will be randomized by number-drawing method. patients with bmi\>30 and age\>65 will be equally distributed to the experimental and active comparator arms. under general anesthesia patients will be injected with 5 ml of isosulfan blue into the subareolar region. in one group, breast massage will be applied for 5 minutes. in the other group no massage will be applied. surgical team will wait for a duration of 5 minutes for the self distribution of the blue dye.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the diagnosis of breast cancer by biopsy * participants voluntarily participated in the clinical trial and signed informed consent exclusion criteria: * had previous sentinel lymph node biopsy or axillary surgery * had neoadjuvant chemotherapy * had clinical hints of axillary lymph node metastasis

Keywords: breast cancer isosulfan blue massage sentinel lymph node sentinel lymph node biopsy