Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
exploring the feasibility of a peer-driven intervention to improve hiv prevention among prisoners who inject drugs

Conditions: HIV

Summary: the purpose of this study is to develop, conduct, and assess the feasibility of a) a pilot peer-driven intervention (pdi) to reduce hiv risk and increase the uptake of primary hiv prevention services (i.e. prison addiction treatment programs), and b) explore the pdi's usefulness from the perspective of both prisoners and prison staff to make recommendations for the pdi future improvement and adaptation.

the investigators will develop and pilot a 12-week in-prison peer-driven intervention to increase the uptake of primary hiv prevention strategies (readiness to initiate addiction treatment (mmt or atlantis), initiation of mmt/atlantis, retention in mmt/atlantis; or the use of ssp), and reduce the use of opioids and hiv risk behaviors, in hiv-negative pwid in prison. aim 1: to develop, conduct, and assess the feasibility and the immediate and durable effects of a 12-week within-prison pdi to reduce hiv risk and increase uptake of primary hiv prevention among prisoners who abuse drugs and are ≥1 year prior to release at baseline. the quasi-experimental design where two prisons will be assigned to experiment and two comparable prisons will be assigned to control, will strive to account for the potential threats to internal validity (e.g. history and maturation), and to external validity (e.g. various interaction effects between characteristics of selected participants and their engagement in hiv prevention). the focus of this registration is aim 1. aim 2: using the data from structured ethnographic observation of pdi sessions, and qualitative interviews immediately after the pdi with prisoner participants, staff of prison addiction treatment programs, and researchers who implemented the pdi, to explore why the pdi is successful (or not), and optimize the pdi manual.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hiv negative by self-report before the study confirmed by hiv rapid test * has ever injected drugs * ≥1 year before prison release (release dates are fixed and accurate) * currently not enrolled in mmt/atlantis * capable of providing informed consent. exclusion criteria:
skeletal muscle and platelet mitochondrial dysfunction during sepsis

Conditions: Severe Sepsis; Septic Shock

Summary: the primary aim of the study is to demonstrate that mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in both skeletal muscle and circulating platelets of severely septic and septic shock icu-admitted patients. secondary aims are to clarify the pathogenesis and the clinical relevance of mitochondrial damage during sepsis.

the primary aim of the study is to demonstrate that mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in both skeletal muscle and circulating platelets of severely septic and septic shock icu-admitted patients, as compared to otherwise healthy surgical ones. in order to better clarify the pathogenesis of mitochondrial dysfunction during sepsis, cardiogenic shock patients (suffering from systemic hypoperfusion) will act as additional controls. markers of oxidative stress will be measured in tissue samples from septic patients. the clinical relevance of mitochondrial dysfunction during sepsis will be assessed in terms of both skeletal muscle and platelet function.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * consecutive icu-admitted severely septic or septic shock patients. exclusion criteria: * severe thrombocytopenia. * severe coagulopathy. * pre-existing mitochondrial disease

Keywords: sepsis. shock, septic. mitochondria.
evaluation of effects of rosuvastatin 40mg on myocardial ischemia in subjects with coronary artery disease

Conditions: Myocardial Ischaemia; Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether treatment with 40mg of rosuvastatin for 8 weeks will reduce the number of episodes of myocardial ischaemia suffered in subjects with coronary artery disease.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * evidence of coronary arterial disease * suffering ischaemic episodes/exercise induced ischaemia * not taking any cholesterol lowering medication exclusion criteria: * unstable angina or heart attack less than one month before trial entry * coronary arterial surgery as defined by protocol * uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes, hypothyroidism or laboratory values as defined by the protocol.

Keywords: crestor rosuvastatin cholesterol coronary artery disease myocardial ischaemia.
the effect of intervention with potassium and/ or magnesium-enriched salt on neurological performance of stroke patients

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: cerebrovascular disease is the second leading cause of death in taiwan. although stroke incidence and mortality decline steadily in taiwan, its impact on medical cost, quality of life and neurological deficits remains extraordinary. stroke incidence and mortality are also rising in the developed countries presumably due to a world-wide increase in prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. negative associations have been observed between high blood pressure, hyperglycemia and two major dietary cations in vegetables and dairy products: potassium and magnesium. mean levels of dietary potassium and magnesium intake in taiwan are much lower than those of dietary reference intake. short term supplementation studies have demonstrated their effects in reducing blood pressure and degree of insulin resistance. however, long-term studies on cardiovascular events are lacking. our previous long-term intervention trial in elderly veteran home showed a 41% reduction in cardiovascular mortality by simply switching regular cooking salt to potassium-enriched salt in kitchens. the investigators have previously observed an annual reduction of medical cost around $ 15,000 nt in the aforementioned veteran home trial. a multi-centered randomized controlled trial was carried out with three arms: (1) regular salt (na salt), (2) potassium-enriched salt (k salt), and (3) potassium and magnesium-enriched salt (k/mg salt). the objectives of this study was to investigate whether potassium and magnesium-enriched salt would improve the neurological performance of the stroke patients.the investigators anticipate to observe beneficial effect from consuming potassium and magnesium enriched salt for neurological improvement in stroke patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. hospitalization within 1 month due to cerebral infarction or hemorrhage; 2. a modified rankin score of 4 or less at the time of discharge; 3. an age of 45 or older; and 4. an agreement to prepare foods with salt provided by the project. exclusion criteria: 1. patients with poor kidney function (glomerular filtration rate\<60 ml/min), secondary hypertension, cancer, or liver diseases; 2. patients with eating disorders; 3. patients taking k-sparing medicines; 4. or patients using salt substitutes.

Keywords: stroke potassium and magnesium-enriched salt neurological performance
self-management program in chronic pelvic pain

Conditions: Chronic Pelvic Pain

Summary: chronic pelvic pain is a serious health condition with an estimated prevalence of 15% women worldwide.treatment is a challenge given the different pain generators described. it is important to develop self-management interventions to reduce the frustration associated with its management.

chronic pelvic pain is defined as non-cyclic pain lasting for 6 or more months, that localizes to the anatomic pelvis, anterior abdominal wall at or below the umbilicus, the lumbosacral back, or the buttocks and is of sufficient severity to cause functional disability or lead to medical care. it can occur continuously or intermittently, with intensity severe enough to limit activities of daily living. it is frequent in women. the primary aim of this study isto evaluate the efficacy of a self-management intervention, as compared with an educational booklet in improving health-related quality of life and coping strategies, occupational performance, activity level and psycho-emotional symptoms in women with chronic pelvic pain.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain with at least 6 months of evolution exclusion criteria: * active urogenital infection * pregnancy * cancer * dementia * a surgical intervention involving lumbo-pelvic region over the past year

Keywords: chronic pain women self-management
ema baseline screening system for therapists who treat youths with depressive symptoms

Conditions: Depressive Symptoms

Summary: youth depression is a matter of concern worldwide. it affects an important part of the young population around the world and its consequences both physically and mentally make this issue an important research field for psychologists and other health related professionals (zuckerbrot, cheung, jensen, stein \& laraque, 2018). two of the biggest challenges that clinicians and researchers face when dealing with youth depression are adherence and the establishment of a therapeutic alliance (ta; nock \& ferriter, 2005). while several treatments are available to relief depressive symptomatology in youths, a significant number do not access them for a variety of reasons (dimatteo, lepper \& corgan, 2000). in the last decades, substantial research has been conducted on how youths and the general population perceive therapy, and different methods have been developed to assess clients and therapists in order to improve outcomes and other aspects of the psychotherapy process, such as feedback tools and real-time measurements like ecological momentary assessment (ema) (shiffman, et al., 2008). with the aid of information communication technologies (icts) and emental health strategies, feedback and assessment tools can be presented in a friendly manner, providing a novel way to possibly improving adherence rates and ta scores. this study aims to develop and test the effectiveness of an ecological momentary assessment mobile application to improve initial adherence and ta in psychotherapy for youths with depression. the hypotheses for this trial are: 1. applying an ema baseline screening application one week before the beginning of treatment for youth depression will significantly improve the ta. 2. applying an ema baseline screening application one week before the beginning of treatment for youth depression will significantly improve initial adherence.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for patients: * owning a mobile phone with permanent access to the internet, * scoring from eleven to nineteen points in the phq-9 questionnaire. * having completed the eighth grade of basic education. exclusion criteria for patients: * being diagnosed with depression with psychotic symptoms, * having a depressive episode as part of a bipolar disorder diagnosis * having suicidal thoughts and/or behaviour as measured by the phq-9 and evaluated by the physician. * alcohol and/or substance abuse. inclusion criteria for therapists: - having 1 or more years of clinical experience. exclusion criteria for therapists: * having less than 1 year of clinical experience. * having participated in the design of pdf reports.

Keywords: depression therapeutic alliance youth ecological momentary assessment e-mental health e-health adherence
evaluation of tear osmolarity over time with sustained use of thera tears lubricating drops

Conditions: Dry Eye Syndrome

Summary: the objective of the study is to demonstrate a change in osmolarity over time when moderate to severe dry eye subjects are treated with theratears lubricating drops.

symptomatic dry eye subjects exhibited a significantly higher tear osmolarity than observed in normal subjects, this is thought to relate to the inherent tear film instability of dry eye disease. lubricating eye drops are frequently prescribed to relieve the symptoms of dry eye.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. is at least 21 years of age and has full legal capacity to volunteer; 2. has read and signed the information consent letter; 3. is willing and able to follow instructions and maintain the appointment schedule; 4. is diagnosed with dry eye syndrome (in at least one eye), indicated by current ocular examination, prior history (self-reported history of dry eye is acceptable) and current use of treatments for dry eye; 5. has a minimum osmolarity reading of 316 mosm/kg at the baseline visit in at least one eye or a osmolarity reading of at least 308 (in worse eye) and at least an 8 point difference between the two eyes. exclusion criteria: 1. has taken part in another research study within the last 30 days; 2. planned contact lens wear during the course of the study; 3. staff at the investigational site or family member of site staff or family member of currently enrolled participant; 4. any subject that violates the washout period by using eye drops during the 72hrs washout period; 5. has any known ocular disease\* including active ocular infection, inflammation or allergy, especially salzmann's nodular degeneration, symptomatic conjunctivochalasis, and fixation disparity syndrome; 6. restasis use can be included if they have been on it for at least 3 months and are stable.used restasis (or similar topical medication) within the last 6 months; 7. has a systemic condition that in the opinion of the investigator may affect the dry eye status of the subject, especially those newly diagnosed, newly prescribed and/or unstable; 8. is pregnant, lactating or planning a pregnancy at the time of enrolment (verbal confirmation necessary); 9. use of systemic anti-histamines, as long as they have been on them continuously for at least 1 month. use of medications such as: systemic antihistamine (e.g., allegra®, benadryl®, claritin®, dimetapp®, unisom®, zyrtec®, etc.), isotretinoin (e.g., accutane®, roaccutane®, amnesteem®, claravis®, isotroin®, sotret®) or similar medications; 10. has known sensitivity to the diagnostic pharmaceuticals to be used in the study; 11. has undergone ocular surgery(lasik, cataract, etc)within the last year; * for purposes of this study, ocular conditions that are typically associated with dry eye status, such as meibomian gland dysfunction, mild (i.e. not considered clinically relevant) blepharitis, corneal and conjunctival staining are not considered an exclusion.

Keywords: tear osmolarity keratitis sicca ocular surface disease theratears
utility of the superior vena cava collapsibility index (svc-ci) to predict fluid responsiveness in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing surgical revascularization

Conditions: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery (CABG)

Summary: to investigate the superior vena cava collapsibility index (svc-ci), measured via transesophageal echocardiography (tee), as a marker of fluid responsiveness. two groups will be compared in this study. groups will be identified by obtaining cardiac output (co) by standard means using the tee or pulmonary arterial catheter (pac). both of these monitors are considered standard for patient's undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (cabg) and recording initial co readings. based on co, the patient's will be placed in study groups one or two. participants with normal and mildly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (lvef \&gt;40%) for group one and those with moderately to severely reduced lvef (\&lt;40%) in the second group. following group separation, we will measure the svc-ci and co metric in both groups. the intervention will be an operating room table tilt test (head up and then head down) to artificially simulate giving the patient additional fluid. before and after table tilt, the svc-ci and co will be obtained and measured. the svc-ci is a mathematical equation determined by distance measurements taken via tee to identify how much the superior vena cava has collapsed following table tilt. participants will be considered responders if the co increases by 12% following intervention. non responders less than 12% change in co following intervention. our hypothesis is that the svc-ci can differentiate responders vs non-responders with regards to fluid responsiveness with adequate sensitivity and specificity in participants with cad undergoing isolated cabg. the svc-ci numerical values for the two groups, responders and non-responders, will calculate a threshold of sensitivity and specificity percentages for future patients undergoing cabg.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥ 18 2. participants with cad undergoing cabg utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass 3. participants who are able to consent for themselves 4. primary language is english exclusion criteria: 1. age less than 18 years of age 2. participants with cad undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass (op-cab) 3. severe cardiac valvular pathologies or active congestive heart failure 4. participants in active arrhythmia such as atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter at the time of data collection. 5. participants who are unable to consent for themselves 6. primary language is something other than english
fluid responsiveness using tfu (transfontanel ultrasound) in children with congenital heart disease

Conditions: Fluid Responsiveness

Summary: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of tfu (transfontanel ultrasound)for the prediction of fluid responsiveness in children undergoing congenital heart surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery exclusion criteria: * preterm closure of anterior fontanelle * anatomical abnormalities on aortic arch (ex, patent ductus arteriosus) * presence of intracardiac and extracardiac shunt
life beyond trauma: 1-on-1 e-health program for parents of neurodiverse children

Conditions: Post Traumatic Stress Injury; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Summary: parents of neurodiverse children are more likely to experience traumatic events related to the care of their child/children. this increases the probability to experience posttraumatic stress injury (ptsi). however, interventions addressing ptsi symptoms in parents are rare. in this research project the study investigators will test the feasibility and efficacy of e-net, a distance-delivered, exposure-based intervention for ptsi adapted to the needs of parents of neurodiverse children. e-net is an adapted version of the narrative exposure therapy (net), an evidence-based intervention approach for individuals with ptsi who have experienced repeated or continuous trauma. the intervention will be conducted via videoconferencing with trained paraprofessionals. during the intervention a narrative of both positive and negative (traumatic) experiences in the parents' life will be created. the intervention contains approx. 12 one-on-one sessions with a trained paraprofessional via videoconferencing. the study design is a waitlist control group design. approx. 20 participants will receive e-net directly after the baseline survey and 20 participants will receive e-net approx. 3 months after the baseline survey. to test the efficacy of the intervention, participants will fill out surveys about ptsi and other mental health symptoms before, directly after, and 2 and 6 months after the intervention. adverse events and distress will be assessed in every session. as part of the baseline, participants will complete the survey "surviving and thriving in parenting neurodiverse children" to determine their eligibility for the intervention. main eligibility criterion is the presence of ptsi symptoms.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: parent/caregivers must meet the following criteria to be eligible to move on to consent 1. be a parent/caregiver of a neurodiverse child 2. be at least 18 years of age 3. be able to understand spoken and written english at a grade 8 level 4. fulfill the criteria of full or subclinical ptsi according to dsm-5, measured with the life events checklist for dsm-5, the parent trauma checklist and the ptsd checklist for dsm-5. for this they have to report at least one traumatic event in the lec-5 or the stressful life experiences of parents checklist. to fulfill all ptsi criteria, the participant additionally needs to respond with "moderately" or higher in at least one item for the criteria b and c and two items for criteria d and e. subclinical ptsi is fulfilled if the participant meets all but one criterion of b, c, d, or e is not met. 5. have access to a computer with high speed internet 6. live in canada 7. commit to the requirements of taking part in the study (12 weekly coaching calls) exclusion criteria: 1. acute suicidal behavior or other extreme forms of self-destructive behavior 2. moderate to severe symptoms of dissociation 3. acute psychotic symptoms 4. previously participated in exposure intervention for ptsi/ptsd
study evalutating the pharmacokinetics (pk) and safety of a single dose of desvenlafaxine sustained release (dvs sr)

Conditions: Depressive Disorder, Major

Summary: to assess the initial pharmacokinetic profile of single doses of 25mg and 50 mg of dvs sr to healthy subjects.


Eligibility criteria:
* men or non-pregnant, non-lactating women * body mass index 18 - 30 kg/m2 * body weight greater than or equal to 60kg

Keywords: major depressive disorder mdd
the effectiveness of kinesio taping in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Conditions: Knee Osteoarthritis

Summary: knee osteoarthritis is the most common kind of arthritis that occurs due to degeneration of the joint articular cartilage, producing pain, stiffness, and impaired movement. kinesio taping is a simple and inexpensive therapeutic procedure that can help with knee osteoarthritis symptoms. kinesio taping is a high-stretch elastic adhesive material that allows the treated area to have free mobility. this technique was preferred by physical therapists for knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation because of its positive effects, such as decreased pain and increased mobility and muscular performance.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * complaining of knee pain but no serious knee injuries * no physical therapy treatment taken for the past 3 months * painful range of motion (rom) * significant decrease in active and passive rom. exclusion criteria: * knee surgery within the last three months * neural, articular, or muscular conditions affecting lower limb function * systemic arthritic diseases

Keywords: knee osteoarthritis kinesio taping tens stretching strengthening exercise