Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
comparison of the effects of different peep values with usg on optic nerve sheath diameter

Conditions: Cholecystitis

Summary: laparoscopic surgeries are now more popular because of the advantages such as shorter hospital stay, minimal scar. in order to perform laparoscopic surgery, pneumoperitoneum should be initiated. the optic nerve sheath is an extension of the dura mater and the subarachnoid space is continuous with the intracranial subarachnoid space. therefore, non-invasive monitoring of the increase in intracranial pressure (icp) can be achieved by measuring the optic nerve and sheath diameter with ultrasound. since onsd measurement with ultrasound is an easily applicable technique, it is useful in monitoring intracranial pressure changes based on the optic nerve diameter during intraoperative changes

laparoscopic surgeries are now becoming increasingly common compared to traditional laparotomies, as they have advantages such as more minimal scarring, shorter hospital stay, fewer complications, and early mobilization. in these surgeries, pneumoperitoneum provided with carbon dioxide (co2) has many effects on the cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, metabolic and cerebral systems. pulmonary compliance and functional residual capacity decrease due to pnemoperitoneum, ventilation/perfusion mismatch occurs, and as a result, hypoxemia may occur. a minimum of 4-6 cm h20 positive end-expiratory pressure (peep) should be applied to all intubated patients under general anesthesia to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications (especially atelectasis) and prevent ventilation/perfusion mismatch and hypoxemia. the optic nerve sheath is an extension of the dura mater and the subarachnoid space is continuous with the intracranial subarachnoid space. therefore, non-invasive monitoring of the increase in intracranial pressure (icp) can be achieved by measuring the optic nerve and sheath diameter with ultrasound. when icp is \> 20 mm hg, measuring the optic nerve sheath diameter (onsd) between 5.2 and 5.9 mm has a sensitivity of 74-95% and a specificity of 74-100%. since onsd measurement with ultrasound is an easily applicable technique, it is useful in monitoring intracranial pressure changes based on the optic nerve diameter during intraoperative changes (trendelenburg/reverse trendelenburg position, pneumoperitoneum , peep in mechanical ventilation).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18- 65 aged all female and male volunteers exclusion criteria: * acute or chronic eye diseases, * uncontrolled hypertension, * asthma * known lung disease, * body mass index (bmi) over 35 kg/m2, * devices using bulbs with known intracranial charging, * who refuse to participate in care

Keywords: laparoscopic surgery pneumoperitoneum optic nerve sheath diameter
the effect of omega 3 supplements comparison with warm compression in patients with dry eye disease

Conditions: Dry Eye

Summary: dry eye disease is a common condition characterized by tear film instability and ocular surface inflammation. omega 3 fatty acid and hot compression are two common tratement for dry eye diseases

to investigate the cost effective and efficient treatment for dry eye diseases, during regular visit of patient assessment will be carried out to diagnose disease ,ocular findings and cause of visit .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * young adults (20-39) years diagnosed with dry eyes and willingness to participate with no ocular surgery and infection from last 2 weeks children exclusion criteria: * people having supplements * patients having diet with omega 3 for 1 month * patients who has undergone glaucoma treatment * already receiving treatment of dry eyes * patients with any ocular surgery
prevention and reduction of alcohol and drug problems in a clinical psychiatric youth population

Conditions: Alcohol Abuse; Drug Abuse; Mood Disorder; Anxiety Disorder; Conduct Disorder

Summary: in adolescents, mental health problems are frequently associated with substance misuse, even considered a risk factor for alcohol abuse and dependence. this dual diagnosis tends to complicate the patient's treatment and prognosis by increasing, among others, substance use problems, reckless behaviours, relationships and school problems and suicidal thoughts. it is therefore critical to invest time and effort into developing an efficient approach to prevent and reduce substance use problems and offer these children a more global and optimal treatment. a brief personality-targeted intervention was developed with students of canadian and english high schools based on four personality factors known to be implicated in the vulnerability to adolescent alcohol misuse (impulsivity, anxiety sensitivity, negative thinking and sensation seeking) (conrod et al., 2006,2008, o'leary-barrett 2010). by helping the adolescents to develop better adaptive behaviours, this cognitive-behavioural intervention proved to reduce binge drinking, quantity and frequency of use and substance use problems (conrod et al., 2006,2011). the purpose of this study is to assess the impact of this intervention if combined to a regular treatment in a youth psychiatric population. 60 patients aged 14-17 years of a child and adolescent psychiatric department will be screened for personality risk with self-report assessments including the substance use risk profile scale. participants will be randomly assigned to a personality matched cognitive-behavioural intervention or a no-intervention control. the main outcome measures of this study are alcohol and illicit drug outcomes. secondary measures include mental health symptoms.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * motive for psychiatric consultation * able to provide consent from parent/guardian for participation in the study

Keywords: adolescents dual diagnosis mental disorders substance use problems prevention
sarcopenia in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumours

Conditions: Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours

Summary: the treatment of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours (gist) has shifted since the arrival of targeted therapies. imatinib is an active multikinase inhibitor that mainly targets c-kit tyrosine-kinase receptors and the platelet-derived growth factor receptor. imatinib use has been validated for adjuvant and palliative therapy settings. imatinib is generally well-tolerated and known to improve performance status but up to 16% grades 3-4 toxicities, leading to at least 40% withdrawals, have been reported. recently, in oncology, sarcopenia was shown to be a predictor of severe toxicity patients included in phase 1 trials, suggesting that it should be considered an inclusion criterion for such studies. sarcopenic patients had low performance status, shorter survival, more chemotherapy toxicities and post-operative infections, and longer post-operative hospitalization times. in addition, exposure to tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (e.g. sorafenib or sunitinib) has been associated with dose-limiting toxicity (dlt) in patients with renal cell or hepatocellular carcinomas. computed tomography (ct) scans acquired during routine care have been validated as an accurate and robust imaging technique to evaluate sarcopenia in cancer patients.

aims of the study were: * to assess the influence of imatinib on sarcopenia patients with advanced or high-risk resected gastrointestinal stromal tumours (gist) * to compare imatinib-induced toxicities between patients with advanced or high-risk resected gastrointestinal stromal tumours (gist) with pre-treatment sarcopenia and patients with advanced or high-risk resected gastrointestinal stromal tumours (gist) without pre-treatment sarcopenia

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with advanced or high-risk resected gastrointestinal stromal tumours (gist) * patients treated with imatinib prescribed at a fixed dose of 400 mg/day from 1 january 2005 to 31 december 2013 * aged \> 18 years exclusion criteria: * patients who did not have ct imaging within the 30 days preceding treatment onset
pain perception at laser treatment

Conditions: Laser Therapy, Low-Level

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the pain perception at laser treatment of peripheral retinal degenerations with green and infrared wavelengths.

purpose: to compare the pain perception at laser treatment of peripheral retinal degenerations with green and infrared wavelengths. methods: thirty patients (60 eyes) were enrolled in the study. each patient had one eye treated with infrared laser (diode, 810nm) and the other eye treated with green laser (frequency-doubled solid state laser, diode-pumped, with 532-nm). the laser treatment was performed following a standardized protocol. immediately after photocoagulation, the patient was asked to grading pain perception according an 11-point (i.e. 0-10) numerical rating scale (nrs) 2,3, accompanied by the instructions "please rate your pain by indicating the number that best describes it". this nrs is represented as a straight line (10 cm in length). the numbers between 0 and 10 are spaced at regular intervals along the line, at either end of the line are two poles that are defined as the extreme limits of the response to be measure, with '0' meaning 'no pain' and '10' meaning 'pain as bad as you can imagine'.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * horseshoe tears and dialyses, besides operculated holes and lattice degeneration in symptomatic patients (photopsias) or with history of retinal disease exclusion criteria: * severe liver disease, pregnancy, patients on regular analgesics, previous laser photocoagulation, and age less than 18 years old.

Keywords: lasers pain measurement photocoagulation retina
patient receptiveness to using virtual reality

Conditions: Pain; Anxiety

Summary: this study will evaluate the acceptability, use, and general effect that exposure to virtual reality has on hospitalized patients reporting at least one discomfort including recent or current moderate-severe pain.

patients with moderate-severe pain will be approached with approval of nursing staff and front line nurse manager who determine their appropriateness for a trial of virtual reality (vr) exposure for up to 30 minutes. the trial and use of vr will be explained after meeting the inclusion criteria and they will be asked about their level of interest in trying the vr headset. if interested, the subject will indicate their verbal consent to proceed with the vr trial. they will be asked about any baseline discomforts of pain, anxiety/stress or other discomfort; which will be rated on a 0-10 numeric (visual analog) scale. a baseline heart rate will be recorded in beats per minute. the headset will be applied and adjusted for comfort, then the app will be started along with a timer to track the duration of their use up to a maximum of 30 minutes. when the headset is removed, the duration of use will be noted. the change in post-exposure heart rate (in beats per minute) and discomforts of pain, anxiety/stress or other discomforts (subtracting baseline from 5 minute post-exposure data) will be recorded. subjects will be asked about the ease of use, whether or not they would use vr again, and for any other comments they would like to express. the headset will be disinfected between patient use.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * english-speaking * inpatients on a general care unit * current or recorded moderate to severe pain in past 24 hours exclusion criteria: * receiving palliative/end of life care; * admitted for treatment of psychiatric or mental health disorder * history of seizure or stroke * legally blind or deaf * moderate or severe cognitive impairment * head wounds or bandages * on isolation precautions.
recombinant thyrotropin pet-ct fusion scanning in thyroid cancer

Conditions: Thyroid Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine \[for patients with previously treated well-differentiated thyroid cancer and evidence of residual disease based on serum thyroglobulin (tg) level\] whether positron emission tomography-computed tomography (pet-ct) fusion scanning performed after recombinant thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) (rtsh, thyrotropin alfa for injection) will be more sensitive for the detection of disease sites than pet-ct scanning without rtsh. the study will also determine if this information will significantly alter the therapeutic approach in some patients.

pet/ct was performed before (basal pet) and 24 - 48 h after rhtsh administration (rhtsh-pet) in 63 patients (52 papillary and 11 follicular thyroid cancers). images were blindly analyzed by two readers. the proposed treatment plan was prospectively assessed before basal pet, after basal pet, and again after rhtsh-pet.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults (aged ≥ 18 years) with history of treated well-differentiated epithelial thyroid carcinoma (papillary, follicular or hurthle cell), for which total or near total thyroidectomy plus postoperative radioiodine remnant ablation with 131-i has either been performed or found to be unnecessary by radioiodine imaging after tsh stimulation. * serum thyroglobulin (tg) concentration ≥ 10 ng/ml (in the absence of interfering tg autoantibodies). * no findings of a "qualifying" radioiodine whole body scan that are sufficient to localize the disease suspected on the basis of the serum tg. * inconclusive disease localization despite clinical assessment, cervical sonography, ct or magnetic resonance (mr) of the chest, and when appropriate other imaging and biopsy procedures. patients must have no more than three foci of known or suspected extra-cervical metastasis. * must be in stable medical condition. * must be able to fully understand the protocol and be compliant with instructions. exclusion criteria: * diabetes mellitus, due to interference with fluorodeoxyglucose (fdg) pet scanning. * claustrophobia, inability to lay supine, or other factors preventing cooperation with scanning procedures. * withdrawal of thyroid hormone or rtsh administration within the preceding month. * presence of circulating tg autoantibodies interfering with serum tg measurement. * women who are pregnant or breastfeeding

Keywords: thyroid cancer pet scan recombinant thyrotropin thyroglobulin thyroid cancer, differentiated epithelial
a multicenter, randomized clinical trail evaluate effectiveness and security of capecitabine or endocrinotherapy as a maintenance therapy regimen after the 1st-line chemotherapy with capecitabine combine regimen in hormone receptor positive and her2 negative metastatic breast cancer(overstep)

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: a multi-sites study about the efficacy of sequential monotherapy: capecitabine vs. endocrine therapy, in metastatic breast cancer patients with hr-positive \& her2-negative after capecitabine-base chemotherapy.

capecitabine-base chemotherapy must be first-line chemotherapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * signed informed consent * the age is above 18 years of age, \<70 years old * hr-positive \& her2-negative * metastatic breast cancer,incurable. * no prior chemotherapy for metastatic recurrence, if there is disease progression within 6 months after the end of the adjuvant chemotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy as first-line treatment for metastatic lesions * eastern cooperative oncology group performance status (ecog ps)=0\~1 * the basic function of normal bone marrow * functions of liver and kidney is normal * expectation of life is more than 3 months * agreed to take contraceptive measures during treatment exclusion criteria: * previous toxicity was not recovered to 0-1 degrees * central nervous system metastasis * pregnancy or lactation * there are uncontrolled infection, myocardial infarction, thrombosis, etc. * there are uncontrolled chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, peptic ulcer, chronic hepatitis, mental disease; * researchers believe that is not suitable for the study * patients with other malignant tumor history, except the healed skin basal cell carcinoma and carcinoma of uterine cervix; * bilateral breast cancer

Keywords: therapy capecitabine breast cancer
second-line oxaliplatin and irinotecan versus irinotecan alone for gemcitabine and s-1 refractory pancreatic cancer

Conditions: Pancreatic Neoplasms

Summary: this study is a randomized, open-label, controlled study that will compare the efficacy of oxaliplatin in combination with irinotecan to irinotecan alone as second-line treatment for patients with gemcitabine and s-1 refractory pancreatic cancer.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with histologically confirmed advanced pancreatic cancer who had experienced progression during first-line gemcitabine and s-1 were eligible for enrollment on this open-label, randomized study. * additional inclusion criteria were age 18 years or older * measurable reference cancer site(s) confirmed with computed tomography (ct) or magnetic resonance imaging (mri) * karnofsky performance status (kps) of at least 70% * -adequate renal function, adequate hepatic function, adequate bone marrow function exclusion criteria: * the presence of any severe concomitant disease that could interrupt the planned treatment; intractable pain * hypersensitivity to study drugs * serious cardiovascular disease (eg, unstable coronary artery disease or myocardial infarction within 4 weeks of study start) * national cancer institute commontoxicity criteria grade 3 or 4 sensory or motor neuropathy * prior or concurrent malignancy (other than pancreatic cancer) * female, pregnancy or breastfeeding.
cephalic femoral heads follow up

Conditions: Hip Arthroplasty Replacement; Femoral Fractures

Summary: study design: monocentric, retrospective, observational and post-market clinical study. purpose: to demonstrate the safety and performance of cephalic femoral heads. the eligible study population is represented by the entire population that underwent a hip replacement with cephalic femoral heads from 1st january 2023 onwards at the site in accordance with the indication for use of the product.

the study is aiming to demoranstrate safety and performance of cephalic femoral heads and will do it by considering the rate of revision of any prosthesis component and dislocation, by x-ray evaluation, by patient reported outcomes and walking/residential status. patients are followed for 2 years after hemiarthroplasty and data are collected at 6 timepoints (pre-operative, intra-operative, at discharge, 4-months follow up, 12 months follow up and 24 months follow up).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * displaced intracapsular hip fracture (garden iii-iv). * subjects underwent a unipolar hemiarthroplasty with a cephalic femoral head as per their indication for use from january 1st, 2023, onwards. * no concurrent joint disease at the time of the surgery. * absence of severe cognitive dysfunction demonstrated by 3 or more correct answers on the pfeiffer test. * ability to ambulate independently with or without walking aids before surgery. * subject willingness to participate. exclusion criteria: * undisplaced or minimally displaced intracapsular hip fracture (garden i-ii). * any cephalic femoral head contraindication for use as reported in the current instruction for use. * pathological fracture secondary to malignant disease. * subjects with rheumatoid arthritis or symptomatic osteoarthritis. * previous treatment to the same hip for a fracture at the time of the surgery. * subjects who were deemed unsuitable for the surgical procedures by the anesthesiologist. * severe cognitive dysfunction or cognitive impairment demonstrated by 2 or less correct answers on the pfeiffer test. * unable to walk before surgery (e.g., wheelchair or bed-ridden subjects).

Keywords: femoral head partial hip arthroplasty
sep-seq trial - determining the etiology of sepsis using an infectious disease diagnostic sequencing assay

Conditions: Sepsis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of the karius infectious diseases plasma sequencing assay in patients who present to the emergency room with sepsis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. 18 years or older 2. meet 2 of 4 sepsis criteria 1. temperature \> 38c or \< 36c 2. heart rate \> 90 bpm 3. respiratory rate \>20 or paco2 \<32mmhg 4. wbc \>12000/µl or \ 10% bands exclusion criteria: 1. inability to understand instructions and comply with study-related procedures 2. any condition that in the opinion of the treating physician will prevent the subject from completing the study.
subsymptom threshold exercise protocol following mild tbi

Conditions: Traumatic Brain Injury

Summary: the study will monitor outcomes of two interventions to develop a best practice in the treatment of mild traumatic brain injury (mtbi).

the proposed pilot randomized controlled clinical trial (rcct) will provide preliminary data to examine the effect of a novel intervention to promote brain health after mild traumatic brain injury (mtbi). the study will implement a randomized controlled clinical trial of a 6 week exercise intervention (step) for participants with persistent mtbi symptoms, comparing step to standard of care practice in the controls. we will demonstrate the feasibility and acceptability of the step intervention. we hypothesize that step will lead to meaningful improvement on objective measures of self-reported mtbi symptoms, formal neuropsychological performance, and postural stability.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. participants who have sustained a concussion and have not experienced symptom resolution by 4 weeks, as indicated by a post-concussive scale - revised (pcs-r) score of 20 or higher at 4 weeks post-injury or beyond; 2. participants are high school and college age (14-22 years old); 3. english speaking. - exclusion criteria: 1. outside of age range for the study (high school or college age) 2. have physical injuries or comorbidities that restrict the athlete from engaging in the exercise intervention 3. not fluent in english -

Keywords: concussion sports concussion exercise therapy
a study to learn about metachromatic leukodystrophy (mld) in children in spain

Conditions: Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (MLD)

Summary: the main aim of this study is to learn about metachromatic leukodystrophy (mld) in children and teenagers in spain. this includes checking the number of new mld cases and the frequency of children with mld in 2022 in spain. there is no treatment involved in this study. participants' data will be taken from their medical records (charts), which were already collected as a part of their routine care between 01 january 2000 and 31 december 2022.

this is a non-interventional, retrospective study of participants diagnosed with late infantile or juvenile mld whose data will be retrieved from existing health records. data from all participants, diagnosed with mld from 01 january 2000 to 31 december 2022 will be collected from health records, including demographic and clinical data from the pre-diagnosis until the date of data collection or death, whatever occurs first. the study will be conducted in spain. the overall duration for data extraction is up to approximately 23 years.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: • diagnosed with late infantile or juvenile mld at any time between 01 january 2000 and 31 december 2022 (genetically and/or biochemically confirmed). exclusion criteria: • this study has no exclusion criteria.

Keywords: drug therapy