Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
comparing perceptual motor training and repetitive facilitation exercises on ue in stroke

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: the aim of the study is to determine the comparative effects of perceptual motor training and repetitive facilitation exercises on upper limb quality of movement and motor function in stroke patients.

perceptual-motor training enhances proprioception, spatial awareness, and coordination through object manipulation. on the other hand, repetitive facilitation exercises aim to improve motor control and reduce spasticity by stimulating muscles repetitively. decreased dexterity, coordination, muscle tone abnormalities, and diminished sensation are frequently observed in stroke patients. effective rehabilitation in daily tasks depends on coordinated efforts among muscles, joints, and body segments, influenced by environmental factors and personal constraints. visual input, perception, and cognitive processing play crucial roles in action planning during rehabilitation. this is a randomized clinical trial. the data will be collected from dhq hospital, sargodha. 50 stroke patients will be included using convenience sampling. the participants who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomly allocated into two groups. twenty-five participants will be included in both groups a and b. group a (perceptual motor training with routine physical therapy) and group b (repetitive facilitation exercises with routine physical therapy) will receive 60 minutes treatment session that consists of 40 minutes of intervention and 20 minutes of routine physical therapy four sessions per week for 8 weeks. quality of movement will be assessed using motor evaluation scale for upper extremity in stroke patients (mesupes) and motor function by fugl-meyer assessment (fma-ue) assessments will occur at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. data analysis will utilize spss version 27 for windows, with statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria; * both male and female patients. * age 40-65 years * 1st ever stroke confirmed by mri * mild-to-moderate upper-limb motor paralysis * sub-acute and chronic stroke patients * ability to understand tasks such as evaluations in the intervention * modified ashworth scale score \< 3 * mini mental state examination score should be\>24 out of 30 exclusion criteria: * participants who have a history of significant neurological or psychiatric disorders, other than stroke, that could interfere with upper limb motor recovery * patients with pain, contracture and profound atrophy in arm and fingers. * participants with severe cognitive dysfunction that would interfere with understanding instructions from the physician or therapist. * presence of any other musculoskeletal condition. e.g. (frozen shoulder, any recent fractures of upper limb. * any accompanying diseases or disorders, other than stroke, that could interfere with upper extremity training. * uncontrolled health conditions for which exercise was contraindicated.

Keywords: exercise motor skills rehabilitation stroke upper extremity
a study to assess the safety and efficacy of elezanumab when added to standard of care in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis

Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of elezanumab in participants with progressive multiple sclerosis (pms).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of primary-progressive multiple sclerosis (ppms) or non-relapsing secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis (spms) and no relapses for at least 24 months. * evidence of physical disability according to expanded disability status scale (edss) or timed 25-foot walk (t25fw) or 9-hole peg test. exclusion criteria: * treatment with any of the following within the 6 months prior to screening: natalizumab; cyclosporine; azathioprine; methotrexate; mycophenolate mofetil; intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig); any interferon product; and intravenous (iv), oral, or intrathecal corticosteroids for the purposes of disease modification. * treatment with the following within 1 year prior to screening: cyclophosphamide or alemtuzumab.

Keywords: progressive multiple sclerosis elezanumab abt-555
clinical assessment of caries and dental plaque based on auto-fluorescence imaging system

Conditions: Dental Caries (Diagnosis); Dental Plaque; Optical Imaging

Summary: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of auto-fluorescence imaging system to detect and quantify caries and dental plaque. participants were advised to rinse their mouth with distilled water to exclude any chance of fluorescence from food debris. a well trained physicist majored in optical spectroscopy captured auto-fluorescence images of buccal aspects of two maxillary central incisors and occlusal aspects of four first molars from each patient in a dark room. then they chewed a disclosing agent to assess the quigley hein plaque index modified by turesky of each tooth. furthermore, participants were also required to brush their teeth for 3min, then international caries detection and assessment system（icdas）codes of relevant teeth to evaluate degrees of caries were recorded by an experienced dentist using a mouth mirror and explorer. the spearman rank correlation coefficient between colorimetric parameters of fluorescence image and the plaque index and icdas code were calculated to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of auto-fluorescence imaging system.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: subjects were required to: * 1. have two maxillary central incisors and four first molars in mouth; * 2. have caries in their mouth or have a high risk to get caries and need to be treated by dentists ; * 3. sign informed consent form. exclusion criteria: * 1.two incisors and four first molars of participants ever received endodontics treatment; * 2. history of antibiotics, mouthwashes, or any periodontal treatment during the last 3 months; * 3.with calculus and cementum exposed in tooth cervical; * 4. active systemic disease; * 5. physical or mental disability; * 6. pregnant or lactating.
epinephrine sprayed on the papilla versus sterile water sprayed on the papilla for preventing pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Conditions: Pancreatitis, Acute

Summary: this multicentre randomised controlled trial included patients aged \>18 years with an indication for ercp and naive major papilla. all patients received 100 mg of rectal indomethacin and 10 ml of either sterile water or a 1:10,000 epinephrine dilution. patients were asked about pep symptoms via telephone 24 hours and 7 days after the procedure.

this multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial was conducted in two hospitals in mexico: the national institute of medical sciences and nutrition "salvador zubirán" (incmnsz) in mexico city, and bernardette hospital in jalisco. the study was approved by both institutional review boards. all patients provided written informed consent. all patients were given a dose of rectal indomethacin (100 mg) at the beginning of the ercp. depending on the experimental group, either 10 ml of sterile water or 10 ml of a 1:10,000 epinephrine dilution (0.1 mg/ml) was sprayed on the ampulla through a biliary balloon or a sphincterotome, avoiding any direct contact with the papilla during irrigation at the end of the procedure. after the procedure, patients were monitored in the recovery room for 2 hours and then discharged. symptoms of acute pancreatitis or any other complication were interrogated at baseline while in the recovery room, and then by telephone 24 hours and 7 days after the procedure. serum levels of pancreatic enzymes were determined only if the patient developed abdominal pain after ercp.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18 years or older * patient with an indication for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography * patient without prior endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography * patient who accept contact by telephone exclusion criteria: * previous sphincterotomy * allergy to epinephrine or indomethacin * nsaids use in the prior week * pancreatic cancer located in the head * chronic pancreatitis * renal failure (cr \>1.4 mg / dl) * indication for endotracheal intubation independent of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography * biliodigestive derivation * pregnant patients

Keywords: pancreatitis after ercp epinephrine papilla rectal indomethacin
obs in adolescent and adults with eoe: a phase ii, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, study with an open label extension

Conditions: Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE)

Summary: this is a clinical trial to test an experimental drug for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis (eoe)

eosinophilic esophagitis (eoe) is an inflammatory disorder of the esophagus and is a recognized clinical entity. symptoms include feeding problems, heartburn, regurgitation, vomiting, abdominal pain and food impaction. the symptoms of eoe may be similar to gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd) but do not resolve with gastric acid suppression. eoe is defined histologically as the presence of \> 15 intraepithelial eosinophils per high power fields on one or more esophageal biopsy specimens. this phase ii study is comparing oral budesonide (obs) to placebo to demonstrate that obs induces a histologic response and a symptom response using a dysphagia symptom questionnaire over a 16 week course of therapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males and females, age 11-40 * histologic evidence of eoe * history of clinical symptoms of eoe including dysphagia * willing to continue with dietary, environmental or medical therapy * ability to read and understand english * written consent exclusion criteria: * any medical condition that may compromise the safety of the subjects or interfere with the signs and symptoms of eoe * use of immunomodulatory therapy * current use of swallowed corticosteroids * esophageal strictures,varices or upper gi bleed * other current diseases of the gi tract * current viral infection or immunodeficiency condition * pregnancy * hypersensitivity to budesonide * history of non compliance

Keywords: eoe
hirschsprung disease genetic study

Conditions: Hirschsprung Disease

Summary: hirschsprung disease is a genetic condition caused by lack of nerve cells in varying lengths of the intestines. this study will investigate the complex genetic basis of the disease, which involves multiple interacting genetic factors.

hirschsprung disease (hscr) is a birth defect resulting from the absence of nerve (ganglion) cells in the gastrointestinal tract. hirschsprung disease has a population incidence of 1/5000 live births and most often occurs as an isolated condition. however, approximately 30% of hscr cases are associated with other birth defects such as down syndrome, deafness, hypopigmentation, and congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. hirschsprung disease is a genetic condition with autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and multigenic patterns of inheritance described. dr. aravinda chakravarti's laboratory has been investigating the genetics of hirschsprung disease (hscr) for more than twenty five years. the goal of this research study is to identify genes harboring causative hscr mutations and to better understand the complex inheritance of hscr in families by whole genome mapping and sequencing studies. specifically, the study aims to determine the frequency with which mutations in any human gene lead to familial and isolated forms of hscr. further, the study will collect clinical information and investigate possible genotype - phenotype correlations. molecular analysis using markers and sequencing, and statistical analysis of these data will be used to identify regions of human chromosomes where putative hscr disease genes may be located. in addition, the dna sequence of known and/or suspected hscr genes will be assessed in individual patients and their family members, in search of causative hscr susceptibility variants and variants that may affect presentation of the disease and treatment outcomes. phenotypic information will include pathology, surgical, and other clinical outcomes related to hirschsprung disease. this study will hopefully lead to a better understanding of the genetics of hscr and, further down the road, improved diagnosis, treatment, and genetic counseling. this study asks volunteers to: 1. complete a medical/family history questionnaire 2. provide access to some medical records 3. submit blood samples from the individual(s) affected with hirschsprung disease and his/her parents (if available)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - individuals with hirschsprung disease and their first degree relatives (any segment length of disease, with or without other congenital anomalies or health problems, single or multiple affected individuals in family) exclusion criteria: * unable or unwilling to provide sample for genetic studies * individual, parent, or guardian unable to comprehend and provide informed consent

Keywords: hirschsprung
intravesical lactobacillus to reduce urinary symptoms after spinal cord injury

Conditions: Spinal Cord Injuries; Neurogenic Bladder

Summary: the objectives of the proposed research among this population are: 1) to define clinically meaningful change (i.e. differentiating states of health and illness) with respect to urinary symptoms, urine inflammation, cultivable bacteria, and the urine ecosystem; and 2) to determine the optimal intravesical lactobacillus rhamnosusgg (lgg®) dose to be used to reduce urinary symptoms in a future clinical trial.

urinary tract infection (uti) is the most common outpatient infection world-wide, and for people with spinal cord injury (sci) and neurogenic bladder (nb), it is the most common infection, secondary condition, cause for emergency room visits, and infectious cause of hospitalization. despite its prevalence, attempts to ameliorate uti among people with sci are stymied by long-standing diagnostic challenges which arise from evidence gaps around "gold standard" diagnostic tests (urinalysis and urine culture) that have lower sensitivity and specificity for uti in this population. a high prevalence of chronic inflammation leading to persistence of white blood cells (wbc) in the urine confounds the utility of wbc count, pyuria, and leukocyte esterase as biomarkers for uti; nitrites in urine indicate the presence of only specific (but not all) organisms, many of which are present to a greater extent in the urine of people with sci; and people with sci have a high prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria. these physiologic changes render the gold standard diagnostic tests less useful for identifying uti in persons with sci. specific aim 1 2 urine samples (sampling at least 2 weeks apart) for urinalysis, urine culture, ungal, and ngs (16s rrna and shotgun) under the same conditions. in addition to completing the usqnb-ic prior to urine collection, participants will complete the usqnb-ic 3 days after urine collection specific aim 2 intravesical lgg dose (group: high or low) will be obtained, usqnb-ic, urine collection for urinalysis, culture, ngal and next generation sequencing as described above. and patient satisfaction questions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * sci at least 1-year duration; * neurogenic bladder; * utilizing intermittent catheterization for bladder management; * women must be premenopausal and not currently menstruating; * community dwelling exclusion criteria: * use of prophylactic antibiotics; * instillation of intravesical antimicrobials to prevent uti; * psychologic or psychiatric conditions influencing the ability to follow instructions; * use of oral or iv antibiotics within the past 2 weeks; * sexual activity within the previous 72 hours; * participation in another study with which results could be confounded.

Keywords: intermittent catheter
efficacy of epidural analgesia in lower extremity osteosarcoma

Conditions: Osteosarcoma; Analgesia

Summary: in this study, the investigators aim to reduce complications in orthopedic malignancy surgeries and to increase the quality of life of patients who will be operated on.

in the preoperative period, the participants will be taken to the block room. the participants will be monitored, standard sedation will be applied. patients in the first group will be provided with preoperative and peroperative analgesia with an epidural catheter. the second group patient will be get no block. afterwards, both groups will be operated under similar general anesthesia conditions. a patient-controlled analgesia device will be attached to each group of participants and their postoperative follow-up will be made.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * accepting the study protocol, * age older than 18 years and younger than 80 years, * undergoing lower extremity osteosarcoma surgery * the american society of anesthesiologist (asa) physical status of i-ii-iii exclusion criteria: * infection at the injection site * coagulation disorder * patients with central nervous system related disease * septic patients

Keywords: epidural analgesia lower extremity osteosarcoma
sleep intervention for youth with type 1 diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes

Summary: sleep intervention for youth with diabetes

it is known that sleep disturbances in healthy youth have negative effects on neurobehavioral functioning. further, data support that individuals with diabetes have more sleep disturbances and compromised neurobehavioral functioning than individuals without diabetes. however, the joint impact of sleep and glucose on neurobehavioral functioning in youth with type 1 diabetes (t1dm) is not yet known. therefore, our primary study aims are to: (1) determine the relative contributions of various sleep disturbances on glucose control in youth with t1dm; (2) examine the joint impact of glucose control and sleep disturbances on neurobehavioral outcomes in youth with t1dm; and (3) determine if increasing sleep duration relative to youth's typical schedules contributes to changes in glycemic control and neurobehavioral performance. these aims will be achieved by following 120 youth with t1dm ages 10 through 16 for six days of naturalistic sleep using polysomnography, actigraphy, and questionnaires to assess sleep; continuous glucose monitors and hemoglobin a1c values to assess glucose control; and standardized cognitive tasks and behavior rating scales to assess neurobehavioral functioning. further, the proposed study is innovative in that it will extend existing research by moving from correlational findings to an experimental paradigm by randomizing youth with t1dm to either a sleep extension or fixed sleep duration condition for an additional six days. once our aims are achieved and a causal link is established, the proposed sleep extension intervention will advance knowledge about the role of sleep in diabetes management and provide a beneficial intervention to help youth with t1dm.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of type 1 diabetes * enrolled in school exclusion criteria: * not hospitalized within past month * neurological, developmental, or psychiatric condition that in the opinion of the pi would significantly interfere with sleep or participation

Keywords: diabetes sleep problems school neurobehavioral
the effect of selecting treatment with desmopressin or alarm to children with enuresis based on home recordings.

Conditions: Enuresis, Nocturnal

Summary: the aim of this study is to investigate the importance of clinical characterization of children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (mne) in order to improve treatment efficacy. the hypothesis is that clinical characterization by measurement of nocturnal urine production and maximal voided volumes in children with mne and subsequent treatment tailoring improves the response to first-line treatment approach.

this is a randomized, controlled study. this study will be performed at aarhus university hospital (denmark), ghent university hospital (belgium) and hospital of zhengzhou university (china) following the same protocol. according to the initial randomization, children will be allocated to treatment without (group a) or with (group b) prior clinical characterization based on home recordings. group a: the children will be randomized to either an enuresis alarm or desmopressin without evaluating the home recordings. group b: the home recordings will be evaluated and treatment will be based on the recordings. desmopressin will be administered to the children with nocturnal polyuria and the conditional alarm to the children with reduced bladder capacity. children with nocturnal polyuria and reduced bladder capacity will be treated with both desmopressin and conditional alarm. children with neither nocturnal polyuria nor reduced bladder capacity will again be randomized to either desmopressin or alarm treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 6-14 years. * three or more wet nights per week regarding the home registrations. exclusion criteria: * ongoing constipation and/or faecal incontinence. * daytime symptoms such as urgency, frequency or incontinence. * recurrent urinary tract infections. * anamnestic, clinical or laboratory findings that can be related to diseases or conditions that might affect the parameters investigated. * neurological and/or known clinically significant anatomical abnormalities of the urinary tract. * former operations in the urinary tract. * prior or ongoing treatment with alarm, desmopressin or anticholinergics. * ongoing medication that may interfere with the parameters tested. * pregnant or lactating girl. * contra-indications for the use of desmopressin: habitual or psychogenic polydipsia, use of diuretics, renal insufficiency, hyponatremia or siadh. * hypersensitivity / allergy to substances in the tablets.