Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effect of ketamine, amitriptyline and their combination on itch

Conditions: Itch

Summary: chronic itch affects approximately a fifth of the global population and is associated with substantial negative consequences for the affected individuals. furthermore, there is a lack of efficient treat-ment options for chronic itch. topical ketamine cream has been used successfully to relieve various forms of pain, and we hypothesize that topical ketamine relieves itch through a mechanism of action comparable to that in pain relief. the aim of this project is to evaluate the effects of ketamine both alone and in combination with amitriptyline on histaminergic and non-histaminergic itch induced by histamine and cowhage, respectively.

the main action of ketamine, 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-cyclohexanone, is to antagonize the glutamate n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptors. in the clinical setting, topical ketamine cream has been used successfully to relieve various pathogenic forms of pain. in addition to its pain-relieving effects, the cream was also reported to have itch-relieving properties in a very limited study. however, its efficacy on itch has not been established, and the mechanism of action remains uncertain. ketamine cream is used not only by itself, but also in conjunction with other analgesics. one of these is amitriptyline, which may enhance the analgesic effects of ketamine. the aim of this human experimental study is to use the well-characterized anesthetic ketamine, both alone and in combination with amitriptyline, as a tool to modulate different histaminergic and non-histaminergic itch modalities evoked by histamine and cowhage.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy men and women * 18-60 years * speak and understand english exclusion criteria: * pregnancy or lactation * drug addiction defined as any use of cannabis, opioids, or other drugs * previous or current history of neurological, dermatological, immunological, musculoskeletal, cardiac disorder or mental illnesses (psychiatric diagnosis) that may affect the results (e.g., neuropathy, muscular pain in the upper extremities, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia etc.) * moles, wounds, scars, or tattoos in the area to be treated or tested * current use of medications that may affect the trial such as antihistamines and pain killers. * participants had known allergy/discomfort to ketamine or amitriptyline * skin diseases * consumption of alcohol or painkillers 24 hours before the study days and between these * acute or chronic pain and itch * participation in other trials within 1 week of study entry (4 weeks in the case of pharmaceutical studies) * lack of ability to cooperate
effects of dha-nat on postprandial lipidaemia in healthy male subjects

Conditions: Hypertriglyceridemia

Summary: this study is an investigator-initiated, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over human trial investigating the effect of dha-nat (c22:6 n-acyl taurine, an endogenous metabolite derived from the omega-3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid) on postprandial plasma triglyceride levels following a high-fat meal.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male * healthy * age between 18 and 30 years * body mass index between 18.5-25 kg/m2 * informed consent * moderate level of physical activity assessed with ipaq (short version) exclusion criteria: * use of fish-oil/omega-3 fa supplements within the last 3 months * regular tobacco smoking or use of other nicotine-containing products * allergy or intolerance to ingredients included in the standardised meals * weekly intake of fish \>350 g (23) * first-degree relatives with diabetes and/or glycated haemoglobin (hba1c) \>48 mmol/mol, familial hypercholesterolemia/hyperlipidemia * anaemia (haemoglobin below 8.3 mmol/l) * alanine aminotransferase (alat) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (asat) \>2 times upper normal values (normal values: alat \< 70 u/l, asat \<45 u/l) * nephropathy (serum creatinine \>105 μmol/l) and/or albuminuria (\>30 mg/g albumin in urine)) * history of hepatobiliary or gastrointestinal disorder(s) * any physical or psychological condition, or ongoing medication, that the investigator evaluates would interfere with trial participation, including any acute or chronic illnesses

Keywords: n-acyl taurine
study of contrast - induced nephropathy after intravenous contrast procedures at sohag university hospitals

Conditions: Contract Induced Nephropathy

Summary: contrast-induced nephropathy (cin) is a serious complication of angiographic procedures and results from administration of iodinated contrast media (cm). cin is the third most common cause of hospital acquired acute renal injury representing about 12% of the cases. the reported incidence of cin varies widely across the literature, depending on the patient population studied and the baseline risk factors . an overall incidence of cin following intraarterial contrast injection in the general population was reported to be 0.6-2.3%. although the incidence of cin is low in patients with normal renal function, its prevalence can be much higher in several patient subsets e.g. diabetics, patients with existing renal insufficiency. contrast-induced nephropathy is defined as a rise in serum creatinine of at least 0.5 mg/dl or a 25% increase from baseline within 48 to 72 hours after contrast exposure. the kidney disease improving global outcome (kdigo) definition is different, with stage 1 being a rapid rise of creatinine to greater than 0.3 mg/dl within 48 hours or the relative rise of 50% or more from baseline in 7 days or less or a reduction in urine output to less than 0.5 ml/kg/hr for 6 to 12 hours. this severity is further staged based on creatinine levels, urine output, or the need for renal replacement therapy. in most cases of cin there is an asymptomatic, non-oliguric rise of serum creatinine within 24hours; however, in more severe cases, the creatinine concentration may not peak until 5-10 days and the increase may be associated with oliguria, it may occasionally progress to end-stage renal failure. the incidence of cin varies widely among the publications in the literature and studies. in this study, we will evaluate the incidence of cin amongst patients receiving intravenous contrast in sohag university hospital, to study the variations in serum creatinine levels with contrast administration.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1- inpatients and outpatients aged 18years and above who underwent single intravenous contrast procedures. exclusion criteria: 1. patients below 18 years, failure to obtain consent. 2. patients with esrd/ on maintenance hemodialysis. 3. new-york heart association class iv congestive cardiac failure (ccf) or patients with cardiogenic shock . 4. history of hypersensitivity to contrast in the past or exposure to contrast in the last 24-48 hours, 5-nursing/pregnant subjects. 5. patients with malignancy or other organ failure like decompensated liver cirrhosis
exercise as a primer for brain stimulation in vascular cognitive impairment no dementia (vcind)

Conditions: Vascular Cognitive Impairment; Mild Cognitive Impairment

Summary: people with vascular conditions are at risk of having memory problems, and these memory problems increase the risk for further cognitive decline. brain stimulation has been used to improve mood and memory. transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) is believed to work best on brain cells that are active or "primed" before stimulation. the purpose of this study is to compare the effects of exercise and tdcs on memory performance in patients who have completed cardiac rehabilitation and are at risk of cognitive decline.

vascular disease is a major risk factor and contributor to dementia. current interventions to manage vascular risk factors have mixed results. presently, there are no consistently effective treatments targeting vascular cognitive impairment no dementia. study aim: to evaluate the effect of exercise-primed tdcs on global cognition. study design: eligible participants will be randomized to one of four interventions: exercise primer with tdcs, treatment as usual (tau/exercise education) with tdcs, or exercise primer with sham tdcs, treatment as usual with sham tdcs. participants randomized to an exercise group will undergo exercise, followed by either sham or active tdcs. participants randomized to tau will receive written information in accordance with the canadian physical activity guidelines for older adults and tdcs or sham. cognition, behaviour, neuroimaging and blood biomarkers will be measured.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ≥50 years of age; females must be post-menopausal * presence of cerebrovascular and/or cardiovascular risk factors or coronary artery disease * montreal cognitive assessment (moca) \<27 * sufficiently proficient in english * must be able to exercise at a moderate intensity level * presence of modest deficits (1 standard deviation below population norm) in one of the following domains: executive function, verbal memory, working memory, or visuospatial memory exclusion criteria: * history of stroke * change in psychotropics within the last 4 weeks * current benzodiazepine use due * metal implants that would preclude safe use of tdcs or neuroimaging * significant neurological or psychiatric conditions (current major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia) * moca \<18 and/or clinical diagnosis of dementia * any medical contraindications to exercise

Keywords: transcranial direct current stimulation tdcs exercise cognition vascular cognitive impairment no dementia vascular mild cognitive impairment
phase i study of safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of viracept in hiv-1 infected children and exposed infants

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: to evaluate the single dose pharmacokinetic profile of viracept pediatric powder formulation administered to hiv infected or exposed children and infants (0 to 13 years of age). an evaluation of the relative bioavailability of the pediatric powder formulation vs. a standard tablet formulation in older children (7 to 13 years of age) will also be conducted.

this is a study of the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of a viracept pediatric powder formulation with milk or formula. first a single dose will be administered. after the patient population is divided into 4 groups by age, an optimal dose will be determined for each group. this optimal dose will be given 3 times a day for a 6 week primary observation period, plus an optional 6 month extension. note: during the single dose portion of this study, patients may be untreated or may continue treatment with their current nucleoside antiretroviral therapy. during multiple dose administration of viracept, antiretroviral therapy will be intensified by either adding or modifying therapy. antiretroviral therapies will be limited to those currently licensed including zidovudine, lamivudine, stavudine, didanosine or zalcitabine.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria concurrent medication: allowed: administration of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis according to cdc guidelines will be permitted. patients must have: * for children \>= 3 months to 13 years of age: * hiv infection. for children \<3 months of age: * hiv infection or exposure. * newborns must have birth weight \>= 2500 gm. * absence at screen of any serious or unstable medical conditions. * parent or guardian able to give written informed consent and willing to comply with study requirements. exclusion criteria co-existing condition: patients with any of the following symptoms or conditions are excluded: * children with hiv associated malignancy requiring chemotherapy. * children with clinical or laboratory assessments greater than grade 1 in the toxicity table at the time of the screening. concurrent medication: excluded: chemotherapy. prior medication: excluded: * protease inhibitors. note: * patients who have taken investigational agents, immunomodulators, hiv-1 vaccines, glucocorticoids or unconventional therapies within one month prior to the day 0 of the study must be evaluated to determine the impact of these treatments on the study. patients may be included or excluded on a case to case basis.

Keywords: biological availability hiv protease inhibitors dosage forms nelfinavir
confocal laser endomicroscopy in digestive diseases

Conditions: Digestive System Diseases

Summary: confocal laser endomicroscopy (cle) is a newly endoscopic device that enables microscopic view of the digestive tract. the purpose of this study is to determine if confocal laser endomicroscopy can improve detection of digestive disease include inflammation, dysplasia, and early cancer, and if confocal laser endomicroscopy has competitive advantage, compared with other device such as narrow band imaging and autofluoresecence imaging.

advances in endoscopy have led to imagining of the details of digestive mucosa. novel techniques such as narrow band imaging (nbi) assisted magnification endoscopy, auto fluorescence imaging (afi) or confocal laser endomicroscopy could, however, improve the endoscopic detection.in this research we describe the combined use of these three techniques in patients with digestive disease.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects over 18 years of age * subjects undergoing endoscopic procedures such as gastroscopy, colonoscopy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound will all be included exclusion criteria: * under 18 years of age. * pregnancy or breast feeding * allergy to the fluorescent contrast agent fluorescein sodium * coagulopathy or bleeding disorder * in emergency or life-threatening situations(eg. acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and gastrointestinal obstruction or perforation) * impaired renal function, allergic asthma, * cognitively impaired. * residing in institutions (eg. prison, extended care facility) * have language barriers (eg. illiterate, dysphasic)

Keywords: endoscopy confocal laser endomicroscopy digestive diseases
modulation of reinforcement learning

Conditions: Impact of Oxytocin on Social Learning

Summary: this study aims to examine the modulation of neuronal and behavioural parameters of social reinforcement learning.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 18 and 26 years * male * iq\>80 * written informed consent * proband understands character, extent and individual consequences of the study * competent persons who are able to follow the instructions of the study personnel * for asd patients: assured asd diagnosis, comply of the asd criteria adi-r/ados-g exclusion criteria: * prosopagnosia * anaphylaxis of oxytocin or other chemical substances * metal inside the body or other contraindications of mri scan * physical illness which can affect the examinations or endanger the proband * actual or assumed drug or alcohol abuse * persons who are accommodated in an institution because of court or administrative order * persons with a relationship of dependence to the sponsor or investigator * healthy probands: psychiatric disorder according to icd-10-who f at the moment and in history, continuous drug-intake at time of measurements * patients with asd: psychiatric disorder according to icd-10-who f (except asd disorder in patient group) during the last 12 month being not treated, continuous drug-intake at time of measurements (psychotropic medication), exception: stimulants used for treatment of attention disorders, if they can come off for the measurements
efficacy and safety of apixaban in reducing restenosis and limb loss in pad patients.

Conditions: Critical Limb Ischemia

Summary: this study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of apixaban 2.5 mg twice daily plus aspirin compared to the standard treatment (clopidogrel plus aspirin) in patients with critical limb ischemia undergoing infrapopliteal arterial endovascular intervention.

this study is a multicentre, parallel-group, prospective, randomized open-label, blinded-endpoint adjudication, proof-of-concept, and exploratory trial. two hundred patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio, 72 hours after successful infrapopliteal angioplasty for critical limb ischemia. in the study group, patients will receive oral apixaban 2.5mg twice daily plus aspirin 100 mg once-daily for 12 months. in the control group, aspirin 100 mg once-daily will be taken for 1 year on a background of clopidogrel (75mg daily) for the first three months. the primary endpoint is the composite of target lesion revascularization (tlr), major amputation or restenosis/occlusion (ras) plus mace (myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death) at 12 months. the primary safety endpoint is the composite of major bleeding and clinically relevant non-major bleeding at 12 months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * written informed consent. * age\>18 years old. * negative serum pregnancy test (in women of childbearing only). * patients submitted to endovascular procedures below-the-knee by not exclusively. * patient understands and is willing and able to comply with the study instructions and follow-up visit. * more than 70% stenosis or occlusion of the three distal arteries including or not the tibiofibular trunk (tft). * tissue loss (rutherford 5). * one or more patent vessel of pedal arch. exclusion criteria: * tasc ii d femoral and/or popliteal occlusion. * life expectancy less than 1 year. * allergy or contraindication to apixaban treatment. * allergy or contraindication to dual antiplatelet treatment. * creatinine clearance less than 30ml/min. * planned major amputation before procedure. * hybrid procedure (open and endovascular). * use of fibrinolytic in the past 10 days. * known hiv infection. * liver disease (acute or chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis). * drug addiction or alcohol abuse 12 months before the randomization. * concomitant medications thatinhibit the cyp 3a4 cytochrome and p glycoprotein (ketoconazole, iitraconazole, ritonavir). * platelets count inferior to 100x109/l. * inr more than 1.5. * history or condition with high risk of bleeding: eg. trauma within 30 days before randomization, gastrointestinal bleeding 6 month before the randomization, intra-ocular, spinal, intra-articular bleeding (any time before), av malformation, cerebral aneurysm and hypertension without control.

Keywords: post-infrapopliteal angioplasty
study on vcd/ie in the patients with ewing's sarcoma family of tumors (esft)

Conditions: Ewing's Sarcoma

Summary: the purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the sequential therapy of vcd/ie in the patients with esft.

80-90% patients of esft will develope disease progression during the period of local treatment (surgery or radiation). the survival has been improved in these 30 years due to chemotherapy. vcd/ie is widely used in the world for the patients with esft, but it is rarely used in china due to its high dosage.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age range 10-65 years old * histological confirmed esft * no previous therapy * ecog performance status less than 2 * life expectancy of more than 12 weeks * normal laboratory values: hemoglobin\>8.0g/dl, neutrophil\>2×109/l, platelet \> 80×109/l, hb \> 80×1012/l, serum creatine \< 1×upper limitation of normal(uln), serum bilirubin \< 1.5×uln, alt and ast \< 2.5×uln exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating women * received treatment for the disease previously * serious uncontrolled diseases and intercurrent infection * the evidence of cns metastasis and bone marrow involvement * history of other malignancies except cured basal cell carcinoma of skin and carcinoma in-situ of uterine cervix * history of allergy to the drugs in this trial * abnormal lvef level

Keywords: esft (ewing's sarcoma family of tumors) response rate ttp os toxicity
an evaluation of the fixed combination brimonidine tartrate 0.2%/ timolol maleate 0.5% to latanoprost 0.005% in glaucoma or ocular hypertension subjects

Conditions: Glaucoma; Ocular Hypertension

Summary: a three-month evaluation comparing the safety and efficacy of a fixed combination of 0.2% brimonidine tartrate/0.5% timolol maleate with that of latanoprost 0.005%, a prostaglandin analogue in glaucoma or ocular hypertension subjects


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. be at least 18 years of age; 2. give written informed consent; 3. be in good general health as determined by your doctor; 4. have a diagnosis of unilateral or bilateral glaucoma or ocular hypertension; 5. if you are a female of child bearing potential, you must be willing to practice effective contraception for the duration of the study (i.e., abstinence, spermicide, condoms, or birth control pills); 6. understand the study instructions, and be able to follow the study instructions; and 7. be likely to complete the entire study period (12 weeks), including all regularly scheduled study visits. exclusion criteria: 1. have any active ocular disease other than glaucoma or ocular hypertension that would interfere with study interpretation; 2. any systemic disease or clinical evidence of any condition which would make the subject, in the opinion of the investigator, unsuitable for the study or could potentially confound the study results; and 3. concurrent participation or prior participation in any investigational drug or device study within the last 30 days prior to the screening visit
examining the genetic factors that may cause chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd)

Conditions: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Emphysema; Bronchitis, Chronic

Summary: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a long-term lung disease that is often caused by cigarette smoking. the purpose of this study is to evaluate whether certain genetic factors predispose some smokers to develop copd more than others.

copd is a disease in which the lung airways are damaged and partly obstructed, making it difficult to breathe. millions of people in the united states have copd, and it is the third leading cause of death in the united states. symptoms include coughing, excess mucus production, shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest tightness. emphysema and long-term bronchitis are the two most common manifestations of the disease. the most common risk factor for developing copd is cigarette smoking; however, only 15% to 20% of smokers develop copd in their lifetimes. it is not known why some smokers develop copd and some do not, but certain genetic factors, combined with exposure to cigarette smoke, may increase the likelihood of developing copd. this study will analyze dna from current and former cigarette smokers to identify genetic factors and markers that may indicate a predisposition to developing copd. this study will enroll african-american and white cigarette smokers and former cigarette smokers both with and without copd. participants will attend one study visit during which they will complete questionnaires about lung symptoms, breathing difficulties, medical and family history, and quality of life. they will also undergo blood collection, a physical exam, lung function testing, and a walking test to measure endurance. participants will undergo a high resolution computed tomography (ct) chest scan and a medical record review. study researchers will contact participants up to four times a year for 15 years to collect follow-up medical information. five-year, ten-year, and fifteen-year follow-up visits including a similar study protocol as the baseline visit will be performed on all available subjects.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * at least 10 pack-years of cigarette smoking (although a of nonsmoking controls is also being enrolled) * self-designation of non-hispanic white or african-american exclusion criteria: * other lung diseases (except for asthma in participants with copd) * pregnant * cancer (other than skin cancer) in the 5 years prior to study entry * received antibiotics for a copd exacerbation in the 1 month prior to study entry * first- or second-degree relative of a previously enrolled study participant

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd emphysema chronic bronchitis genetics association studies computed tomography