Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
ceftaroline in the treatment of bone and joint infections

Conditions: Osteomyelitis; Joint Infections

Summary: this is a study to evaluate the efficacy of ceftaroline in the treatment of bone and joint infections.

study evaluates the efficacy of ceftaroline 600mg iv every 8 hours for the treatment of acute osteomyelitis and/or infected joints.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults \> 18 years of age with the following osteoarticular infections: 1. infected prosthetic knee or hip (first or second episode) with 2 stage procedure planned. criteria for infected joint: 1. sinus tract which communicates with the joint 2. preoperative diagnosis by diagnostic, culture positive arthrocentesis 3. intraoperative diagnosis-evidence of purulence/inflammation is seen by the surgeon and/or the pathologist, and at least 2 intraoperative samples grow the same organism (only 1 needed if s. aureus) or 2. acute osteomyelitis of an extremity criteria for acute osteomyelitis (all 4 needed) 1. onset less than 4 weeks prior to evaluation 2. radiographic (plain, mri, tc) evidence of osteomyelitis 3. positive culture from bone or blood culture with organism known to cause osteomyelitis 4. orthopedic consultant must concur with diagnosis. plus: positive bone/joint or blood culture for an organism known to cause osteomyelitis which is ceftaroline susceptible exclusion criteria: 1. immunocompromised hosts: 1. aids/hiv patients 2. cancer requiring ongoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy steroid on an ongoing basis. 3. any condition requiring \> 20 mg prednisone or equivalent 4. tnf (tumor necrosing factor) inhibitor use (ongoing) 5. organ transplant list 2. diabetic foot infections 3. osteomyelitis in association with decubitus ulcers 4. vertebral osteomyelitis/spinal epidural abscess 5. septic bursitis 6. gonococcal arthritis 7. ceftaroline nonsusceptible organisms isolated from bone, joint or blood. 8. infected external fixation devices 9. calculated creatinine clearance \< 50 ml/min at baseline 10. history of severe penicillin/b lactam allergy (id to evaluate) 11. intravenous drug use - lifetime exclusion 12. patients with a nail puncture wound to foot 13. patients at high risk for mdr (multidrug resistant) gram negative organisms please note the use of antibiotic containing cement is not exclusion, as it represents standard of care in some of the infections to be studied

Keywords: osteoarticular infections osteomyelitis joint infections mrsa (methicillin- resistant staphylococcus aureus) mssa (methicillin- susceptible staphylococcus aureus)
the effect of resistance training on sarcopenia in older heart failure patients

Conditions: Sarcopenia in Elderly; Chronic Heart Failure

Summary: the goal of study is to evaluate the effects of an eight-week machine-based resistance training program on managing sarcopenia in older outpatients with chronic heart failure (hf) at military hospital 175.

the participants will be randomly assigned to two groups: one group received machine-based resistance training (mrt) at the hospital, while the other group received usual care (us). the outcomes will be measured in the participants after 8 weeks including handgrip strength, gait speed, performance on the five-times sit-to-stand test.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged ≥ 60 years old * meet the diagnostic criteria of 2019 awgs2 sarcopenia, can be diagnosed once meeting (1) + (2) or (1) + (3) or (1) + (2) + (3): (1) appendicular skeletal muscle mass (asm): dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (dxa) (male \<7.0 kg/m², female \<5.7 kg/m²). (2) muscle strength: handgrip strength (male \<28.0 kg, female \<18.0 kg). (3) physical performance: 6-meter walking speed \<1.0 m/s. * meet the diagnostic criteria of heart failure following esc 2021. * clearly understand the content and purpose of the study and sign the informed consent form. exclusion criteria: there are contraindications for exercise testing in patients with stable heart failure according to acsm 2022: * early stage after acute coronary syndrome (within the first 2 days) * unstable coronary artery disease * decompensated heart failure * acute venous thrombosis or recent arterial embolism (pulmonary or systemic) * acute myocarditis, pericarditis, endocarditis * aortic dissection of the valve * severe symptomatic aortic stenosis * acute systemic disease or fever * uncontrolled or life-threatening atrial or ventricular arrhythmias (including new-onset atrial fibrillation or flutter) * uncontrolled tachycardia (resting heart rate \> 120 beats per minute) * third-degree av block * uncontrolled diabetes * symptomatic orthostatic hypotension (\> 20 mmhg) * gradually increasing fatigue during exercise or dyspnea at rest or with exertion within the past 3-5 days * significant myocardial ischemia at low workloads \< 2 mets or 50w * relative contraindications according to acsm 2022: * weight gain ≥ 1.8 kg in the past 1-3 days * simultaneous use of continuous or intermittent dobutamine * decrease in blood pressure with exercise * nyha iv heart failure * complex ventricular arrhythmias at rest or with exertion * resting heart rate ≥ 100 bpm when lying down * comorbidities that limit exercise * severe obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy * have participated in a cardiovascular rehabilitation program within the last 6 months * do not agree to participate in the study

Keywords: sarcopenia chronic heart failure machine-based resistance training age over 60 outpatient
tobacco use in opioid agonist treated pregnant women

Conditions: Nicotine Dependence

Summary: the primary objective of the proposed study is to evaluate the efficacy of tobacco abstinence-contingent voucher incentives versus non-tobacco abstinence-contingent incentives for reducing or eliminating tobacco use during pregnancy in methadone treated women. in addition, the impact that this intervention has in reducing the incidence and severity of methadone associated neonatal abstinence syndrome will also be examined.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed pregnancy * treatment entry at or before 31 weeks ega * expected to enter drug-free outpatient modality at cap * placed on methadone pharmacotherapy * nicotine dependent * sufficient literacy and understanding for assessment procedures * expected availability for study duration (e.g., complete inpatient stay) * able and willing to provide informed consent * at least 18 years of age * confirmed smoker of 10 or more cigarettes exclusion criteria: * not pregnant * ega of 32 weeks or greater * 17 years of age or younger * undergoing detoxification (non-methadone treatment) * unable to provide informed consent * currently receiving nicotine replacement products (nrt) * current diagnosis of alcohol or benzodiazepine dependence * severe medical or psychiatric concomitant conditions that would interfere with treatment or require extended hospitalization.

Keywords: smoking pregnancy neonatal abstinence syndrome
improvement of language disturbances after stroke by intensive training and electrical brain stimulation

Conditions: Aphasia; Stroke

Summary: the study aims to identify if intensive language training, consisting mainly of computer-based object naming, together with electrical brain stimulation, will lead to an improvement of language functions in patients that suffer from language disturbances after a stroke.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * chronic stroke (\> 1 year after event) * aphasia due to stroke with naming impairment * german as first language * first-ever stroke exclusion criteria: * more than 1 stroke * progressive stroke * history of severe alcohol or drug abuse, psychiatric illnessess like severe depression, poor motivational capacity * dementia * contraindications for magnetic resonance imaging

Keywords: stroke aphasia rehabilitation transcranial direct current stimulation intensive training chronic aphasia after stroke
efficacy and safety of vitamin a treatment for children with sepsis

Conditions: Vitamin A Deficiency; Pediatric; Sepsis

Summary: the prevalence of vitamin a deficiency was found high in children with sepsis. whether those patients will benefit from the vitamin a supplementation is unknown.

it was reported that the prevalence of vitamin a deficiency was highly as 58% in critically ill children with sepsis. however, whether those patients will benefit from the vitamin a supplementation is unknown. we design an randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center trial to investigate the effect of vitamin a supplementation on the outcome of critically ill children with sepsis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age \< 18 years, 2. expected to stay in the icu for 48 hours or more, 3. vitamin a deficiency (va \< 0.2 mg/l) exclusion criteria: 1. severely impaired gastrointestinal function 2. premature infants and low birth weight (lbw) infants 3. condition of underlying organ dysfunction 4. having received chemotherapy or radiotherapy 5. hematological malignancies 6. primary or acquired immunodeficiency
effectiveness of physiotherapy for osteoporotic spinal fracture

Conditions: Osteoporosis; Vertebral Fracture

Summary: the aim of this pilot study was to determine the effect of physiotherapy on impairments and health-related quality of life in people with a painful osteoporotic spinal fracture. it is hypothesised that physiotherapy will reduce impairments and improve quality of life in this patient group.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * if female, at least five years post-menopause * aged \> 50 years * primary osteoporosis defined as dxa t score \< -2.5 at either the spine or proximal femur with at least one morphometric vertebral crush fracture sustained between 3 months to 2 years previously * back pain/discomfort in thoracic or lumbar region felt at least weekly within the last 6 months * stable dose of medication for treatment of osteoporosis (eg. hormone replacement therapy, bisphosphonates) * community dwelling and able to attend for treatment * english speaking exclusion criteria: * secondary causes of bone loss such as osteomalacia, glucocorticoid medication etc. * co-morbidities that would interfere with participation in exercise such as severe heart or pulmonary disease, inflammatory joint disease, severe osteoarthritis, psychiatric condition * acute vertebral fracture in past 3 months * signs and symptoms arising from nerve root compression * back pain radiating into the lower limb * previous participation in a formal pain management program for back pain * physiotherapy for back pain in the past 6 months * allergic reaction to adhesive tape or poor skin condition that would prevent use of tape

Keywords: physical therapy rehabilitation pain osteoporosis vertebral fracture
feasibility of a colorectal cancer screening web app in primary care patients

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer Screening

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to test the feasibility of a web app about colorectal cancer screening in patients with an upcoming primary care appointment. the main questions it aims to answer are: * among patients who use the web app, what proportion will request a colorectal cancer screening test via the program? * how many patients will respond to a text message intervention to use the web app? participants will receive a text message informing them of the value of colorectal cancer screening, and inviting them to click a hyperlink to learn more. the hyperlink will take participants to the web app. the web app: 1) asks questions and use algorithms to determine if routine colorectal cancer screening is needed, and 2) if screening is indicated, shows a brief educational video about colorectal cancer screening and allows participants to request a screening test via the program. researchers will compare four different versions of the text message invitation to see if some messages result in higher program completion rates than others.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have a phone number listed in the electronic health record * language preference of english in the electronic health record * have a scheduled primary care appointment within the next 15 days exclusion criteria: * prior diagnosis of colorectal cancer * prior diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease * have a record in the electronic health record of completing a colonoscopy within the last 10 years, a fit-dna test within the last 3 years, or a fecal immunochemical test (fit) within the last 1 year * have an electronic charlson comorbidity index \> 2

Keywords: colorectal cancer screening pragmatic clinical trial randomized clinical trial digital health feasibility study
therasphere® for treatment of unresectable primary liver cancer and metastatic liver cancer

Conditions: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Neoplasm Metastasis

Summary: the purpose of this protocol is to provide supervised and limited access to therasphere® treatment for patients with primary liver cancer and chemotherapy refractory liver metastasis who cannot be treated by surgical removal of the affected part of the liver. patient response to treatment and any side effects of therasphere® treatment will be examined.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed diagnosis of primary or metastatic intrahepatic carcinoma * the cancer must be unresectable with limited established treatment options * ecog performance status score 0-2 * age 19 years or older * able to comprehend and provide written informed consent exclusion criteria: * any pre-treatment laboratory findings within 15 days of treatment demonstrating: * absolute granulocyte count ≤ 1,500/ul * platelet count ≤ 75,000/ul * serum creatinine \> 2.0 mg/dl * serum bilirubin ≥ 2.0 mg/dl * any of the following contraindications to angiography and selective visceral catheterization: * history of severe allergy or intolerance to any contrast media, narcotics, sedatives, or atropine * bleeding, diathesis, not correctable by usual forms of therapy * severe peripheral vascular disease that would preclude catheterization * substantial venous shunt away from the liver * evidence of potential delivery of greater than 11 mci (20 gy absorbed dose) of radiation to the lungs on either 1) first therasphere® administration; or 2) cumulative delivery of radiation to the lungs over multiple treatments * evidence of any detectable tc-99 maa flow to the stomach or duodenum, application of established angiographic techniques to stop such flow * significant extrahepatic disease representing an imminent life- threatening situation outcome * severe liver dysfunction or pulmonary insufficiency * active uncontrolled infection * significant underlying medical or psychiatric illness * pregnant women may not participate
software interventions for improving hand washing and sanitation in rural tanzania: an impact evaluation

Conditions: Diarrhea

Summary: background. diarrhea is ubiquitous, particularly among people in low- and middle-income countries. unsafe drinking water, poor sanitation, and insufficient hygiene are responsible for nearly 90% of diarrhea-related mortalities. despite extensive knowledge that has been obtained in recent years, there is no consensus as to the most efficacious approach to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene behavior and health. with this study, we want to determine whether multi-faceted contextualized and non-contextualized wash interventions have a differential impact. objectives. the primary objective is to determine the effectiveness of a contextualized and non-contextualized add-on intervention for improving hand washing (hw) behavior. secondary objectives include the impact on latrine use, health, coverage of hw and latrine infrastructure, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all people above 18 years of age. exclusion criteria: -

Keywords: hand washing wash ranas behavior change
follow-up strategies for improved postoperative recovery after benign hysterectomy

Conditions: Hysterectomy; Genital Diseases, Female; Pain

Summary: the purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of four different follow-up strategies on postoperative recovery following vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy for benign conditions. furthermore the investigators aim to examine associations between preoperative thresholds for pain (thermal and pressure) and postoperative pain and development of chronic pelvic pain after benign hysterectomy.

contact sponsor if detailed information is requested.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women between 18 and 60 years of age. * women who are scheduled for vaginal or abdominal total or subtotal hysterectomy for benign gynecological diseases (including cervical dysplasia). * women who understand and speak swedish fluently. * women who gives signed informed consent to participate in the study. * women who have access to a telephone and/or internet. exclusion criteria: * women where the hysterectomy is carried out in association with surgery for genital prolapse * women with genital malignancies (does not include cervical dysplasia). * women where the operation is planned or expected to comprise more than the hysterectomy with or without unilateral salpingooophorectomy and appendectomy en passant. * women with previous bilateral salpingooophorectomy. * women who are physically disabled to a degree so that mobilization postoperatively cannot be expected as for a normal individual. * women who are mentally disabled to a degree so she cannot complete the forms in the study or understand the tenor of the participation or it is considered doubtful from an ethical point of view to participate. * women with psychiatric disease or is on medication for severe psychiatric disease so that the physician consider participation in the study unsuitable. * women with current drug or alcohol abuse.

Keywords: benign gynecological disease surgery postoperative follow-up strategy pain threshold chronic pelvic pain [e04.950.300.399] [c13.351.500] [f02.463.593.710.560] [n02.421.585.722.700] postoperative care
safety of ticagrelor monotherapy after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for st-elevation myocardial infarction and the effect on intramyocardial haemorrhage

Conditions: ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Summary: the main goal of this clinical trial is to assess whether direct omission of aspirin after percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) with the continuation of ticagrelor monotherapy for 12 months versus 12 months ticagrelor plus aspirin is equally safe regarding the incidence of ischemic events in patients with st elevation myocardial infarction (stemi). furthermore, the two treatment strategies will be compared regarding the incidence and extent of intramyocardial haemorrhage (imh) and infarct size in the first week after pci as determined with cardiac magnetic resonance (cmr). the secondary efficacy endpoint consists of clinical bleeding events and all-cause mortality. the main analyses will comprise of clinical outcomes in the first three months after primary pci and of cmr results. in addition, we will report on clinical outcomes at thirteen months.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical and electrocardiographical diagnosis of stemi * successful pci (according to the treating physician) of the infarct-related vessel with a modern drug-eluting stent (des) exclusion criteria: * known allergy or contraindication for aspirin, ticagrelor or prasugrel. * previous pci or mi less than 12 months ago * previous cardiac surgery * participation in another clinical cardiology study or study concerning platelet aggregation/ thrombosis. (unless the antithrombotic therapy prescribed in this other study will end due to clinical reasons (e.g. the stemi)) * pregnancy and breast feeding * concurrent use of oral anticoagulants (oac) * the periprocedural use of gpiib/iiia inhibitors * planned surgical intervention within 12 months of pci * creatinine clearance \<30ml/min or dialysis * pci of stent thrombosis * suboptimal stent result as judged by the interventional cardiologist. * life expectancy shorter than 13 months. * contra-indications for mri or unable to undergo mri (only applicable for the cmr subgroup population).
adenosine and a2a receptors in human brown adipose tissue

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: this study investigates the significance of adenosine and a2a receptors in human brown adipose tissue (bat) in vivo. using positron emission tomography (pet), perfusion and the density of a2a receptors will be measured in supraclavicular bat and other tissues in healthy men. the investigators hypothesize, that adenosine can activate bat, and that adenosine a2a receptor density changes when bat is activated by cold exposure. understanding the mechanisms of bat activation and the role of endocannabinoids in humans is important and beneficial in fighting against the epidemic of obesity and diabetes.

adenosine is a purine nucleoside released locally in bat when noradrenaline and atp are released from sympathetic nerves. recently it was found that adenosine activates murine and human brown adipocytes, and recruits beiging of white fat via adenosine a2a receptors (a2ar). furthermore, studies with mice have shown improvements in glucose homeostasis after administration of a2ar agonists. in this study the investigators use the pet radiotracer \[15o\]-h2o to quantify perfusion of bat, white adipose tissue (wat) and muscle in three conditions: room temperature, cold exposure and intravenous infusion of adenosine. another pet radiotracer \[11c\]tmsx is used to quantify adenosine a2a receptor density of bat, wat and muscle in room temperature and during cold exposure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male sex 2. bmi 20 - 28 kg/m2 3. age: 18- 40 years 4. normal ogtt 5. healthy, no regular medication exclusion criteria: 1. bmi \ 28 kg/m2 2. low or high blood pressure 3. asthma or other obstructive lung disease 4. sick sinus syndrome, prolonged qt-interval, or any heart disease 5. any chronic disease that could affect the study outcome, including diabetes 6. mental disorder or poor compliance 7. eating disorder or excessive use of alcohol, tobacco smoking or drug use 8. past dose of radiation 9. any other condition that in the opinion of the investigator could create a hazard to the subject safety, endanger the study procedures or interfere with the interpretation of study results

Keywords: adipose tissue, brown
emotion & cognition in myoclonus dystonia (agent10-ecodyst)

Conditions: Myoclonus-Dystonia; DYT11

Summary: background: myoclonus dystonia (dyt-sgce) is characterized by myoclonus and dystonia. such condition is associated with a high prevalence of psychiatric symptoms which are part of the phenotype. the mechanisms underlying these non-motor symptoms are still poorly understood. objective: to investigate the neural correlates of cognition and emotion in dyt-sgce. design: participants will have 1 - 2 visits at the clinical center. the total participation time is less than 24 hours. participants will have a medical interview and a neurological exam. they may give a urine sample before mri. participants will have a short neuropsychologic and psychiatric interviews. participants will have mri scans. they will do small tasks or be asked to imagine things during the scanning.

eligibility: dyt-sgce patients and healthy volunteers (hv) between 15 and 60 years old.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: for all participants: * age between 15-60 years * able to give informed consent. for patients: * an established diagnostic of dyt-sgce * no change in medication (related to dyt-sgce) for a month for controls: * no neurological symptoms * no medication except oral contraception exclusion criteria: * no deprivation of liberty * inability to give a consent * established cognitive alteration * contraindication to mri (per mri safety checklist) * severe chronic psychiatric illness