Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
cocaine abuse and attention deficit disorder - 3

Conditions: Cocaine-Related Disorders

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate cocaine abuse and attention deficit disorder

to evaluate the safety and efficacy of methylphenidate and bupropion in treating individuals with adult attention deficit disorder.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: current adult adhd current cocaine dependence exclusion criteria: no current major depression

Keywords: cocaine dependence
prevention of drug induced ototoxicity in peritoneal dialysis patients by n-acetylcysteine

Conditions: Drug-induced Ototoxicity in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether n-acetylcysteine is effective in the prevention of hearing loss in both ears due to aminoglycoside and/or vancomycine induced ototoxicity in peritoneal dialysis patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * end-stage renal disease * undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis as a renal replacement therapy * clinical diagnosis of a peritonitis episode in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient * developing the first continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis episode exclusion criteria: * being treated with aminoglycoside antibiotics and vancomycine within the previous 3 months * detection of mechanical occlusion of external ear * having signs of disturbed integrity of tympanic membrane on otoscopy or tympanometry * history of a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis

Keywords: ototoxicity aminoglycoside vancomycine peritoneal dialysis peritonitis
protective effect of nicotinamide riboside against acetaminophen toxicity

Conditions: Drug Toxicity

Summary: over-the-counter drugs like acetaminophen (e.g., tylenol®) can be detrimental. in space, astronauts who have pain and constant discomfort use acetaminophen extensively. investigators are studying the effects of acetaminophen under space-like conditions since acetaminophen might affect astronauts' health. investigators also wish to see whether a dietary supplement can reduce some negative effects of acetaminophen. it is believed that acetaminophen promotes the productions of chemicals in the body that could be toxic. in this study, measurements of these chemicals in urine after ingestion of 1 tablet of acetaminophen and compare these measurements to when acetaminophen is taken at the same time as a dietary supplement. this study will also explore whether these products are more abundant when blood is placed under conditions that mimic space. therefore, this study will collect blood from a few volunteers who took acetaminophen, and acetaminophen with the dietary supplement.

in space, astronauts are constantly exposed to conditions the body is not used to. to relieve pain and discomfort, astronauts often use acetaminophen. this study investigates a possible negative synergistic effect between using acetaminophen and space-like stressors as they both generate oxidative stress and produce toxins that distribute around the body and disrupt cellular function in other tissues. the study seeks to examine whether a dietary supplement, nicotinamide riboside (nr), can reduce some adverse effects of these toxins by reducing their production when taking acetaminophen. the study will measure these materials in urine after ingestion of 1 gram of acetaminophen and compare these measurements to when the same amount of acetaminophen is taken at the same time as nr. it will also evaluate whether these toxins are more abundant when blood is placed under conditions resembling space. therefore, blood collection from a few volunteers who take acetaminophen, and acetaminophen with nr. ultimately, this work will establish whether nr could reduce the generation of specific endotoxins. for this study, male and female volunteers are needed to donate urine for testing the effect of 1000mg dose of tylenol® and one 1000mg dose of tylenol® with one 250mg dose of nicotinamide riboside on the abundance of uremic toxins in urine and in blood. volunteers are also needed to donate blood.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * n/a exclusion criteria: * individual allergic to acetaminophen or nicotinamide riboside
randomized trial of ropivacaine & bupivacaine for inflatable penile prosthesis

Conditions: Erectile Dysfunction

Summary: the purpose of this research is to determine the effects of penile ring block for local anesthesia with liposomal bupivacaine vs ropivacaine mixture in subjects undergoing surgery for penile prosthesis placement.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men undergoing 3-piece penile prosthesis placement under general anesthesia at mayo clinic - rochester. * ≥ 18 years old. exclusion criteria: * history of opioid exposure within the preceding 90 days prior to surgery (based on patient-report, review of the electronic medical record, and nmp prescribing database review) * current or prior history of alcohol or drug abuse (illicit or prescription) * history of chronic pain conditions (chronic musculoskeletal pain, fibromyalgia, central sensitization, chronic pelvic pain syndrome, etc.) * history of cardiac arrhythmia or untreated severe cardiovascular disease * uncontrolled hypertension * hepatic insufficiency * renal insufficiency (ckd stage iiia or greater) * current anti-platelet or anti-coagulation therapy with plans to continue at the time of prosthesis placement * poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (defined as hgba1c \> 8.5 within 30 days of surgery) * concurrent adjunctive operative procedures planned at the time of penile prosthesis placement (examples: male urethral sling, peyronie's disease straightening with penile plication or incision/grafting) * concurrent non-prosthetic surgery planned at the time of penile prosthesis placement (examples: circumcision, hernia repair, hydrocelectomy, etc.) * planned infrapubic or subcoronal incision at the time of penile prosthesis placement * patients who will be undergoing prosthesis placement using local, monitored, or spinal anesthesia (i.e. non-general anesthesia) * allergy or history of intolerance to any local anesthetic agents included in the protocol * history of prior penile prosthesis or artificial urinary sphincter surgery * revision penile prosthesis surgery
sniff 120: study of nasal insulin to fight forgetfulness (120 days)

Conditions: Mild Cognitive Impairment; Alzheimer's Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to find out if insulin, when administered as a "nasal spray" into the nasal passages, improves memory in adults with mild cognitive impairment (mci) or alzheimer's disease.

a growing body of evidence suggests that insulin plays a role in normal memory processes and that insulin abnormalities may contribute to cognitive and brain changes associated with alzheimer's disease (ad). interestingly, insulin administered to the nasal cavity is transported within a few minutes into the brain, but does not affect blood sugar or insulin levels. this study will consist of a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel group trial in which 90 participants with ad or mci receive daily intranasal administrations of either insulin (10 or 20 iu twice a day for a total dose of 20 or 40 iu per day) or placebo (saline twice a day) for 4 months. the study will examine the effects of intranasal insulin administration on cognition, cerebral glucose metabolism, and β-amyloid (aβ) in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and plasma, testing the hypothesis that daily intranasal insulin administration for 4 months will facilitate memory for adults with ad, and adults with mild cognitive impairment (mci). a subset of participants will have the option to participate in 2 sub-studies: pet scans (prior to and at the end of treatment) to determine whether intranasal insulin increases cerebral glucose metabolism; lumbar punctures (lps) before and at the end of treatment to determine effects of intranasal insulin administration on csf aβ levels.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 55 or greater * good physical health * memory impairment with a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (mci) or alzheimer's disease (ad) * participants on stable doses of memantine (namenda) or cholinesterase inhibitors will be eligible exclusion criteria: * chronic sinus problems/allergies with chronic use of nasal decongestants or antihistamines * significant neurologic disease that might affect cognition (other than ad), such as stroke, parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, severe head injury with loss of consciousness for more than 30 minutes or with permanent neurologic symptoms * significant medical illness or organ failure, such as uncontrolled hypertension or cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, liver disease, or kidney disease * preexisting diabetes or current or previous use of hypoglycemic agents or insulin; participants will be excluded if they have a fasting blood sugar greater than 165 on baseline ogtt * clinically significant elevations in liver function tests, cholesterol, or triglycerides * major psychiatric disorders (e.g., untreated major depression and schizophrenia) * chronic use of the following types of medications: anti-psychotic, anxiolytic, and opiates

Keywords: amyloid protein brain metabolism glucose metabolism insulin sensitivity /resistance cognition disorders
survival and pn dependence in sbs patients

Conditions: Short Bowel Syndrome

Summary: short bowel syndrome (sbs) is a rare condition resulting from the loss of portions of the small intestine, and can cause a spectrum of metabolic and physiologic disturbances.the objective of this study was to determine the longterm survival and parenteral nutrition dependence of adult patients with sbs.

short bowel syndrome (sbs), the most common form of intestinal failure, is a rare condition resulting from the loss of portions of the intestine, typically because of extensive surgical resection or loss of intestinal function. patients with sbs often stuffer from intestinal insufficiency or intestinal failure because they are unable to maintain fluid and nutrient balances on a normal diet. sbs can cause various metabolic and physiologic disturbances. although parenteral nutrition is a life-saving measure for many patients with sbs, patients with sbs is associated with decreased survival and parenteral nutrition (pn) dependence. few studies have reported the survival and pn dependence in adult sbs patients in china.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients diagnosed with sbs. exclusion criteria: * age \<18 years; patients with active malignant tumors.
lidocaine as an adjuvant for ketamine in induction of anesthesia in septic shock patients

Conditions: Septic Shock; Anesthesia

Summary: the aim of the work is to investigate the effect of using lidocaine in combination with low dose ketamine in induction of anesthesia for septic shock patients compared to normal dose of ketamine.

most of the drugs used for induction of anesthesia negatively impact patient hemodynamics. thus, induction of anesthesia in shocked patients might result in deleterious hypotension. patients with severe sepsis and septic shock frequently need surgical interventions. the best protocol for induction of anesthesia in septic shock patients is lacking. ketamine is an agent used for induction of anesthesia with known positive cardiovascular effects. however, these positive effects were reported in individuals with intact sympathetic nervous system. invitro studies showed that ketamine direct action on the cardiac muscles is negative. thus, it had been recommended that ketamine should be used with caution in hemodynamically vulnerable patients till further randomized controlled trials are present. lidocaine is a drug with multiple local and systemic uses. having local anesthetic properties, lidocaine was proposed to have an anesthetic sparing effect. lidocaine was previously reported to enhance the hypnotic effect of thiopentone, propofol, and midazolam during induction of anesthesia. lidocaine showed a sparing effect for volatile as well as intravenous requirements for maintenance of anesthesia; thus, we hypothesize that its use as an adjuvant during induction of anesthesia in septic shock patient could provide a sparing effect for ketamine and minimize its negative circulatory sequelae.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients aged above 18 years * with septic shock * scheduled for general anesthesia exclusion criteria: * patients under 18 years * burn patients
the ma'anshan birth cohort (mabc)

Conditions: Environmental Exposure; Pregnancy Outcome; Birth Defects; Child Development; Maternal and Child Health; Health Problems in Pregnancy

Summary: the ma'anshan birth cohort (mabc) is a population-based prospective pregnancy and birth cohort study that aims to explore the early environmental and genetic determinants of maternal and child health, with a focus on health outcomes including maternal health, children's cognitive and behavioral development, growth and physical development, video-screen behaviors, and asthma and allergic diseases. mabc was officially launched in may 2013 at the ma'anshan maternal and child health hospital in anhui province, and a total of 3,474 families were recruited as of september 2014 to continuously track the health status of mother-child pairs during pregnancy, delivery, and childhood, including basic family demographics, maternal pregnancy and birth history and past history, history of exposure to hazardous factors during pregnancy, children's diets and lifestyles, and children's physical and cognitive-behavioral development, mabc quantifies the attributional relationship between environmental chemicals, diet and nutrition, drug safety, psychological stress, lifestyle, biorhythm, endocrine metabolism and adverse birth outcomes, birth defects, neurodevelopmental disorders, developmental disabilities, etc., and identifies environmental, behavioral and genetic causative factors for birth defects and common developmental disorders, and identifies early warning signs and symptoms for early detection of birth defects. genetic causative factors, identify clinical biomarkers with early predictive effects, integrate and form a precise risk evaluation and early warning model, carry out regional comprehensive prevention and treatment applications, and promote the improvement of the quality of the birth population. currently, mabc is conducting its 20th school-age follow-up visit.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria 1. permanent residents of ma'anshan city; 2. obstetric examination and delivery at ma'anshan maternal and child health hospital; 3. mother's age ≥ 18 years old and gestational week ≤ 14 weeks; 4. no serious neuropsychiatric disorders, with sufficient understanding and expression to complete the survey. exclusion criteria: 1. intellectual disability or other serious mental disorders; 2. suffering from serious underlying diseases and may have a significant impact on pregnancy outcome; 3. those with poor compliance and difficulty in follow-up.

Keywords: birth cohort study environmental exposures birth defects pregnant outcomes children development maternal and child health
quantification of the airflow into sinuses before and after archsinus implantation

Conditions: Chronic Sinusitis, Ethmoidal

Summary: this is a single-center, single-arm, interventional case study designed to compare the sinonasal airflow and symptomatic status of four (4) chronic sinusitis patients, before and after the archsinus stent implantation.

this is a single-center, single-arm, interventional case study. this case study is designed to compare the sinonasal airflow and symptomatic status of four (4) chronic sinusitis patients who after undergoing primary fess were seen to have symptomatic lateralization of the middle turbinate and underwent medialization of the middle turbinate accompanied by archsinus stent implantation. patient eligibility will be confirmed based on the endoscopic examination and snot-22 score. patient history will be taken, specifically which if any nasal spacer was used after the primary fess. 4 chronic sinusitis patients that suffer from middle turbinate lateralization and symptomatic deterioration, 3-6 months after primary fess, that met the inclusion / exclusion criteria, will undergo unilateral or bilateral in-office middle turbinate medialization and subsequent archsinus implantation. the stents will be removed 2-3 weeks after procedure. ct scan will be performed at baseline and 12 weeks after the archsinus stent removal, and 3d sinonasal airways reconstruction of the maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid \& frontal sinuses will be performed. subsequently, airflow and particle deposition will be simulated in each reconstruction, and airflow rate and particle deposition will be quantified for different sinuses. symptomatic status will be analyzed at baseline and 1, 6 and 12 weeks after the archsinus stent removal using snot-22 and nose questioners. debridement is disallowed during the archsinus implantation time period. nasal decongestions are disallowed prior to ct scan examination.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male/female, 18 year or older * diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis defined as symptomatic inflammation of the sinuses of at least 12 consecutive weeks duration despite medical management * ≥ 3 months post primary fess * symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis defined as ≥ 10 score on snot-22 * middle turbinate lateralization defined as ˃ 2 score on mt lateralization scale exclusion criteria: * polyp grade ˃ 4 bilaterally on lildholdt's scale (1-3) * sinonasal tumors * known allergy to nickel * known polyurethane induced dermatitis * history of immune deficiency * cystic fibrosis * pregnant or lactating female * acute sinus inflammation * coagulation disorders
itbs to enhance social cognition in people with psychosis

Conditions: Schizophrenia; Schizo Affective Disorder; Schizophreniform Disorders; Psychosis Nos/Other

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to examine if itbs applied to the dmpfc improves social cognitive performance compared to sham stimulation in people diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, or psychotic disorder not otherwise specified. the main objectives of this trial are: * compare changes in social cognitive performance between the active vs. sham treatment groups * compare changes in social cognitive network functional connectivity between the active vs. sham treatment groups each participant will receive itbs (active or sham) five days per week for four consecutive weeks. functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) scans, clinical assessments, and cognitive tests will be performed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 6 months after the completion of treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age 18-39 years. 2. dsm-5 diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, or psychotic disorder not otherwise specified (documented by scid-5). 3. prescription of antipsychotic medication for at least 60 days and constant dose for 30 days prior to study entry (either first- or second-generation antipsychotics permitted). 4. able to participate in the informed consent process and provide voluntary informed consent. exclusion criteria: 1. a history of a dsm-5 substance use disorder (other than cannabis, caffeine, or tobacco) within the past six months; or a positive baseline urine drug screen. only participants meeting for moderate to severe cannabis use disorder will be excluded. 2. type 1 diabetes mellitus (i.e., insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with onset \< 35 years of age and/or diabetes mellitus that has been complicated by a prior documented episode of ketoacidosis) 3. acute or unstable medical illness (e.g., delirium, cancer, uncontrolled diabetes, decompensated cardiac, hepatic, renal or pulmonary disease, stroke, or myocardial infarction), whose pathology or treatment could alter the presentation or treatment of schizophrenia or significantly increase the risk associated with the proposed treatment protocol 4. neurological disease associated with extrapyramidal signs and symptoms (e.g., parkinson's disease); epilepsy, if the person has had one or more grand mal seizures in the past 18 months; history or physical signs of stroke; any diagnosis of a central nervous system (cns) disorder 5. requires a benzodiazepine with a dose equivalent to lorazepam 2 mg/day or higher due to the potential of these medications to limit the efficacy of itbs 6. suspected dsm-5 intellectual disability based upon clinical interview and psychosocial history 7. prior psychosurgery 8. presence of mri contraindications (e.g., pacemakers) 9. pregnancy 10. tms treatment in the past three months

Keywords: tms itbs
picu up!: a pilot stepped-wedge trial of a multicomponent early mobility intervention for critically ill children

Conditions: Critical Illness

Summary: recent decreases in pediatric intensive care unit (picu) mortality rates have been offset by increased morbidity and length of stay for vulnerable young patients. heavy sedation, bedrest, and delirium contribute to a picu culture of immobility. while studies in adult icu patients demonstrate the clinical benefits of early mobilization, fewer than 25% of critically ill children mobilize early in the children's picu stay. the investigators have demonstrated the safety and feasibility of the 'picu up!' mobility program, which integrates sleep promotion, delirium prevention, sedation optimization as a bundle to increase mobilization. however, the generalizability and broader impact on patient- and family-centered outcomes is unknown. therefore, there is an urgent need for trials that blend both clinical effectiveness and implementation research to create a picu culture of mobility and improve the value of picu care. the overall objective of the proposed research is to determine the impact of a transdisciplinary and multifaceted early mobility program on clinical outcomes and icu-acquired morbidities in critically ill children. additionally, the investigators will identify barriers and facilitators to high-performance bundle adoption.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for participating units: * participating picus must be a separate physical space dedicated to the care of critically ill infants and children, with the ability to provide mechanical ventilation. * not implemented a picu mobility protocol and would commit to not implementing a mobility protocol until the randomized time of unit implementation. inclusion criteria for patients: all patients admitted to the picus regardless of length of stay will receive the unit-based picu up! intervention, which includes criteria for no mobilization based on specific clinical factors (i.e. open chest, surgeon request).10 for inclusion in data analysis, patients will be eligible if * admitted to the participating picu ≥ 3 days. exclusion criteria for patients: * patients with an active do-not-resuscitate (dnr) order will be excluded.

Keywords: sleep sedation early mobilization acute rehabilitation delirium