Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
a comparison of two pain control techniques on deliruim in hip fracture patients

Conditions: Hip Fracture

Summary: the purpose of this study is compare the rates of post-operative delirium between a group of people receiving intravenous (iv) pain control after hip fracture surgery and a group of people receiving a femoral nerve catheter for pain control. post-operative delirium is confusion that can happen after the deep sleep of anesthesia. athe hypothesis is that the group receiving the femoral nerve catheter for pain may have a lower incidence of delirium than the group receiveing iv pain medication.

subjects will have their hearing and vision tested. they will have their ability to think and analyze information tested using 4 questionnaires/ surveys: the confusion assesment method (cam), the mini-mental status examination (mmse), modified blessed dementia scale (mbds), and barthel's activities of daily living (adl). they will have pain medication prior to surgery based on the doctor's orders. on the day of surgery, subjects will be randomized (like a flip of a coin) into one of two groups. one group will receive iv medication to control for pain after surgery. the other group will receive a femoral nerve catheter to control for pain after surgery. a femoral nerve catheter is the small tubing that delivers numbing medicine to the nerves around the hips that control pain. this will be placed either before, during or soon after your surgery to help with pain after the surgery. this catheter is placed using an ultrasound machine. subjects will still have pain medication through the iv before surgery if the catheter is put into their leg. after surgery, you will be given the pain medication either through the iv or through the catheter in your leg. the catheter will be left in after surgery for 2-3 days delivering numbing medicine to the nerves. if subjects have the catheter in their leg and need more pain medication, the medication will be given to them through the iv. subjects will be visited by a member of the study staff on the second and third day after surgery. the study staff member will ask questions about the subject's ability to think and analyze information.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 50 and older * presenting to ochsner main campus with a hip fracture exclusion criteria: * head trauma as reported in the medical record and/or patient response * high impact fractures as reported in the medical record * aphasia as reported in the medical record and/or patient response * deafness, blindness as reported in the medical record and/or patient response * true allergy (not sensitivity or side effects) to local anesthetics or opiates * pregnant * inability to complete study activities pre-operatively

Keywords: hip fracture elderly delirium broken hip hip surgery orthopedic orthopedic surgery pain anesthesia ochsner clinic ochsner hospital leslie thomas md new orleans louisiana
magnesium oxide monohydrate for nocturnal leg cramps

Conditions: Nocturnal Leg Cramps; Quality of Life

Summary: nocturnal leg cramps (nlc) are painful, involuntary contractions of muscles occurring at rest, mostly at night. a cochrane review on leg cramps in pregnancy showed some potential benefits in trials of magnesium. this is a single center, prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial that aims to investigate the effect of treatment with magnox 520® (un-organic granular magnesium complex, composed of magnesium oxide \& magnesium oxide monohydrate 865mg, provides 520 mg of free elemental mg++) on frequency and severity of nlc, quality of sleep and quality of life. hypothesis: magnox 520® may reduce the number and severity of nlc; an improvement in the quality of life and quality of sleep may ensue.

ads in the local media and pharmacies will invite individuals afflicted by nlc to participate in the study. each participating individual will undergo two weeks of eligibility screening followed by 4-week double-blind treatment. the number, severity and duration of nlc will be measured daily as documented in a designated, structured sleep dairy. quality of life and quality of sleep will be assessed by sf-36 and psqi questionnaires, respectively, to be completed twice - at enrollment and within one week of the end of the treatment period.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: signed informed consent before any procedure or assessment is done. age over 21 years old. over 4 episodes of documented nlc during 2 weeks of eligibility screening (for the treatment phase). insured by clalit health services (chs). hebrew speaking exclusion criteria: pregnancy currently taking quinidine or magnesium additive renal failure - serum creatinine more than 2 mg/dl or estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) less than 60 ml/min (the worst, ascertained by the participant electronic records in the last 6 months). if the result is near these limits (i.e. serum creatinin 1.5-2) a second analysis will be done near the study enrollment. major neurological disease- als, ms, paraplegia or quadriplegia.

Keywords: nocturnal leg cramps quality of life quality of sleep
an efficacy and safety study of bg00012 (dimethyl fumarate) in asian subjects with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (rrms)

Conditions: Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis; Multiple Sclerosis

Summary: this is a multicenter study conducted in 2 parts: the primary objective in part i of this study is to determine the efficacy of bg00012 (dimethyl fumarate, dmf) on inflammatory brain magnetic resonance imaging (mri) lesion activity (gadolinium-enhancing lesions) when compared with placebo from 4 scans performed at weeks 12, 16, 20, and 24 in participants with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (rrms) including participants from the asia-pacific region. the secondary objectives in part i of this study in this study population are to determine whether bg00012, when compared with placebo over 24 weeks, is effective in reducing the cumulative number of new gadolinium-enhancing lesions from baseline to week 24; reducing the number of new or newly enlarging t2 hyperintense lesions on brain mri scans at week 24 compared with baseline. the primary objective in part ii (open label) of this study is to evaluate the long-term safety profile of bg00012 in eligible participants from part i.


Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * inclusion criteria for part i: * must have a diagnosis of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (rrms). * must have a baseline expanded disability status scale (edss) score between 0.0 and 5.0, inclusive. key inclusion criteria for part ii: • subjects who participated in and completed part i per protocol. key exclusion criteria: * other chronic disease of the immune system, malignancies, acute urologic, pulmonary, gastrointestinal disease. * pregnant or nursing women. note: other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.
stepping up aerobic exercise to improve health outcomes after stroke

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: stroke is a leading cause of chronic disability here in nova scotia and globally. aerobic exercise is known to improve health by increasing energy levels, physical mobility, balance, bone health, cardiovascular risk reduction, mental well-being, cognition, sleep, and quality of life. nonetheless, people remain woefully inactive after stroke, regardless if they are in hospital or at home. the current investigative team and others have shown that even during physiotherapy, exercise intensity is not adequate to increase physical fitness. consequently, patients are often deprived of a treatment that could improve their recovery. why does this gap between evidence and clinical practice persist? through a national survey the current team found that an important contributing factor is lack of appropriate screening (especially stress tests) to ensure that patients are safe to engage in aerobic exercise. this project is designed to close this evidence-practice gap by establishing a state-of-the-art aerobic exercise screening and prescription clinic at the nova scotia rehabilitation centre (nsrc). the intent is to compare outcomes of stroke rehabilitation participants before and after the clinic is underway and determine if the clinic has a positive effect on the confidence of nsrc physiotherapists to use aerobic exercise safely and effectively in stroke rehabilitation.

research question: to what extent does an on-site aerobic exercise screening and prescription clinic effect uptake of aerobic exercise and patient outcomes in in-patient stroke rehabilitation? design: pre-post cohort design to explore real-world application and feasibility aim 1. establish an aerobic exercise screening and prescription clinic (herein 'aerobics clinic') at the nsrc. aim 2. assess the potential impact of the aerobics clinic on the self-efficacy of physiotherapists at nsrc regarding clinical utilization of aerobic exercise in in-patient stroke rehabilitation. method: an assessment of the physiotherapy participants' self-efficacy regarding the clinical utilization of aerobic exercise post-stroke will be conducted prior to, and after, implementation of the clinic. aim 3: assess the potential impact of the aerobics clinic on prescription and treatment practices regarding aerobic exercise among patients in stroke rehabilitation at the nsrc. method: prior to, and after, implementation of the clinic the actual utilization of aerobic exercise in the practices of the physiotherapy participants will be assessed using heart rate monitoring, activity monitoring, and health record review.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female adults * diagnosed with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke * referred to nsrc for stroke rehabilitation exclusion criteria: * have contraindications to exercise testing using american college of sports medicine guidelines

Keywords: stroke aerobic exercise screening prescription
oral corticosteroids' role in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea

Conditions: Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Summary: this prospective interventional clinical trial (non-randomized) aims to evaluate oral corticosteroids' role as an alternative to surgery (gold-standard) in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children. it also evaluates the evolution of symptoms' severity as well as any side effects linked to treatment. this prospective study included children aged between 18 months and 8 years who consulted the same pediatric ent physician's clinic for osa secondary to adenotonsillar hypertrophy with no other comorbidities. they were divided into 2 groups. children undergoing intracapsular adenotonsillectomy by coblation™ (group 1) were compared to those receiving oral prednisolone at a dose of 1mg/kg for 5 days and 1 month of intranasal corticosteroids (group 2). the follow-up tools were the pediatric sleep questionnaire (psq) score and the size of the tonsils (brodsky classification) evaluated at 1, 3 and 6 months.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all children aged between 18 months and 8 years diagnosed with osas secondary to adenotonsillar hypertrophy exclusion criteria: * children under 18 months or over 8 years old * history of acute or chronic cardiorespiratory neuromuscular, or metabolic diseases * congenital craniofacial anomalies * chromosomal disorders * epilepsy

Keywords: corticosteroids tonsillar hypertrophy pediatric osa surgery coblation
identification of the blood microbiota in patient suffering from myocardial infraction

Conditions: Coronary Disease; Myocardial Infarction

Summary: the investigators want to compare blood microbiota profile between patients with documented coronary lesions and patients free of coronary disease.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cases : patients who have had a myocardial infarction within one month to one year before the inclusion * controls : patients without history of myocardial infarction, free of coronary disease in the view of one of the following tests performed within one year before the inclusion : effort test echocardiographic stress test myocardial perfusion scintigraphy coronarography with \>= 2 major cardiovascular risk factors: 1. treated hypertension, 2. treated dyslipidemia 3. current smoking 4. diabetes mellitus exclusion criteria: * infectious disease within one week before the inclusion * immunocompromised patients * antibiotic treatment within one month before the inclusion * chronic viral infection * chronic inflammatory intestinal bowel disease * renal failure (estimated glomerular filtration rate\< 50 ml/min//1.73 m2) * pregnancy

Keywords: blood microbiota coronary disease myocardial infarction
continuous glucose monitors to regulate glucose levels in type 2 diabetics - (protocol 3)

Conditions: Type2 Diabetes

Summary: this study allows type 2 diabetics to receive feedback from a continuous glucose monitor (cgm) as part of an educational program designed to help them better manage their glucose levels. subjects will also wear an activity tracker to monitor their activity and observe its effect on their glucose levels. the educational program will involve calls from coaches to check subjects' progress and answer questions.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes * be able to read and understand english * have access to a telephone * have a medicare advantage health plan through senior dimensions exclusion criteria: * pregnant * blind * deaf * receiving chemotherapy or radiation to treat cancer (now or in past 6 months) * misusing any drugs (including alcohol, painkillers, hallucinogens, or others) * critically ill * diagnosed with or experiencing: * kidney disease stages 4 and 5 * end stage renal disease * severe liver disease * dementia * schizophrenia * bipolar disorder * autism * an intellectual or learning disability * arrhythmias other than atrial fibrillation * congestive heart failure * has had a: * myocardial infarction within the last 6 months * stroke within the last 6 months * stroke that resulted in significant disability (e.g., unable to write clearly or walk)
comparative analysis of biomarkers in response to acute moderate-intensity activity

Conditions: Acute Exercise; Aerobic Exercise; Biomarkers

Summary: the purpose of this study is to understand how college students' biomarkers change with a relatively short bout of moderate-intensity physical activity. the investigators are comparing biomarkers in between self-reported physically active and sedentary students in terms of their percent difference and change. the investigators are also studying physically active versus sedentary college students' mental health. this is a mentored student research project in the investigator's lab (not part of a thesis, dissertation, or other coursework requirements), where multiple students have developed research questions using the same study design.

this study will use a two-group (sedentary versus active) pre-test, post-test study design. following the informed consent process, participants will complete the pre-test data collection protocol including the first venipuncture blood draw for ammonia, insulin, cortisol, and c-reactive protein, first finger stick blood sample for glucose measurement, reporting of food eaten for the day as well as transportation methods to the study site. resting heart rate will be measured. following a 15-minute waiting period to minimize potential effects from the blood draw, participants will walk with a study team member to a reserved elliptical machine. for the exercise component, the lab member will emphasize to the participant about maintaining the desired heart rate for moderate intensity exercise. the participant will use the elliptical for 12 minutes, without music, conversation, or general entertainment. appropriate warm-up and cool-down is added in to the exercise time (the first two minutes and last two minutes) with preference of moderate intensity exercise lasting 8 minutes. participants will then walk with the study team member back to the lab for post-test data collection. post-test data collection follows the same procedures as pre-test data collection. participants also will take a mental health questionnaire.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * this study will enroll full-time students at the investigator's university who are aged 18-34 years. * participants will be generally healthy participants, assessed using the 2020 physical activity readiness questionnaire (first 7 questions) as a screening tool. individuals who answer "no" to all of the 7 questions will be deemed healthy enough to take part. * two balanced groups will be created based on self-reported current activity level, either sedentary (\ =150min/week of exercise). * potential participants should be willing to complete the blood draws and the 12 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise on an elliptical machine. * potential participants should be able to speak and read the english language. this is so they will be able to understand the study protocols clearly. exclusion criteria: * are allergic to nuts because the snacks provided following the blood draw may contain nut products. * do not have transportation and parking (if needed) to lab.
an rct evaluating the efficacy of a skincare routine and acne supplement on improving acne and other symptoms of pms

Conditions: Acne; Premenstrual Syndrome

Summary: this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the mindbodyskin hormonal acne supplement and a prescribed skincare routine of 6 products on facial acne and on symptoms of pms, compared to a skincare routine of 6 products alone. this study will last for 24 weeks. the study will be conducted as a randomized, controlled trial in which participants will be split into two groups. both will use the skincare routine, but one group will also take the mindbodyskin supplement in combination with the skincare routine.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: female 18 years of age or older have regular acne have any noticeable pms symptoms like stress, bloating, mood swings, acne be generally healthy (i.e. don't live with any uncontrolled chronic disease besides acne). have a body weight of \>120 lbs. exclusion criteria: have any pre-existing conditions that would prevent participants from adhering to the protocol, including oncological and psychiatric disorders. be currently using any prescribed medications for their face anyone with any known severe allergic reactions women who are pregnant, breastfeeding or attempting to become pregnant anyone unwilling to follow the study protocol
heparin requirements in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation on coumadin vs noacs

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: to observe, using a prospectively designed study, the effect of type of oral anticoagulant on intra-procedural heparin requirements in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablation and to assess whether act assay accurately reflects heparin anti coagulation effect.

atrial fibrillation (af) is the most common arrhythmia affecting the us population and accounts for 15% of strokes worldwide. radiofrequency ablation has become a frequently used therapy for treatment of afib after failure of at least one anti-arrhythmic drug. pulmonary vein isolation (pvi) remains the cornerstone of af ablation and requires transseptal puncture and placement of catheters in the left atrium which can be thrombogenic and cause stroke. this is avoided by intra-procedural infusion of heparin and the anti-coagulation effect is monitored using activated clotting time (act). with the approval of novel oral anti-coagulants (noac), increasing number of patients are undergoing af ablation on these medications. it has been observed that patients on noacs require much larger doses of heparin and take longer time to reach therapeutic act. consequently, patients are at higher risk for thromboembolism and stroke. on the other hand, higher doses of heparin can expose patients to excessive bleeding complications. the investigators seek to explain the mechanism of "heparin resistance" in such a patient population and to develop a protocol that can achieve therapeutic anticoagulation quicker.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all adults, male and female, aged 18 and above. * patients with paroxysmal, persistent or chronic af * all patients must be on therapeutic doses of coumadin or one of the noacs for at least 1 month prior to the procedure. exclusion criteria: * patients with known primary or secondary coagulopathy (such as hemophilia, vwf deficiency, active malignancy, atiii deficiency, factor v leiden deficiency, hx of recurrent dvt/pe) * patients with hypoalbuminemia, cirrhosis * chronic lmwh therapy, * esrd on hd, and severely impaired kidney function with ckd stage iv * bmi \>35 * prosthetic heart valves and * advanced liver disease * previous procedural complications such as tamponade
efficacy of atorvastatin in chronic subdural haematoma

Conditions: Chronic Subdural Hematoma

Summary: this prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of atorvastatin in patients with chronic subdural haematoma. the degree of disability or dependence in daily activities, as well as surgical intervention or recurrence, of the treatment and control groups will be compared.

objectives: chronic subdural haematoma (csdh) is a common neurosurgical condition in the elderly population associated with mild head injury. surgical drainage has been regarded as safe and effective. however, surgical complications including recurrences can result in poor functional outcome and fatality, particularly in the elderly patients. atorvastatin, an hmgcoa reductase inhibitor and a widely prescribed lipid lowering medication has properties of inflammation modulation and neovasculature promotion. hypothesis: atorvastatin can improve functional outcome in patients with csdh for both initially non-operatively treated group (estimated to be 10%) and the operative group (90%) by reducing the rate of surgical intervention and recurrence rate. design: a prospective multicentre study of 690 consented patients with symptomatic csdh will be randomised on the day of admission to receive atorvastatin 20 mg or a placebo daily for 8 weeks. all seven regional neurosurgical units in hong kong and two units outside hong kong, each treating 80-200 patients per annum, have been invited to participate. main outcome measures: primary outcome: modified rankin scale (mrs). secondary outcome: surgical recurrence. sample size: assuming an absolute 10% improvement in favourable outcome in the modified rankin scale score (mrs 0-3) at 6 months from the control group of 70% to the treatment group 80%, allowing a 10% loss to follow up, a sample size of 690 is required. expected results: a successful study for improving clinical outcome of csdh, an important illness of the elderly with an annual incidence of 58/100,000 will change clinical practice.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age greater than or equal to 18 years old; 2. evidence of supratentorial chronic subdural haematoma (unilateral or bilateral) by computed tomography (ct); 3. patients are joining the trial voluntarily with consent form signed. exclusion criteria: 1. allergy to atorvastatin or other statins; 2. deranged liver function; 3. patients who are already on long term steroid for other condition(s); 4. patients who are already on statin for other condition(s); 5. presence of cerebrospinal fluid diversion device (e.g. ventriculo-peritoneal shunt); 6. pregnant or on breast feeding; 7. hematoma is secondary to tumour or haematological disorders; 8. patients taking angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitor.

Keywords: chronic subdural haematoma medical treatment atorvastatin clinical outcome surgical recurrence