Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
molecular breast imaging as a screening tool for women with dense breasts

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: we aim to compare the sensitivity of mammography to the sensitivity of molecular breast imaging (a new gamma-camera based breast imaging technology) in women with dense breast tissue who are at increased risk for breast cancer.

the sensitivity of conventional mammography (mmo) is poor in women with mammographically dense breast parenchyma. we have developed molecular breast imaging (mbi) - a new technique which utilizes a cadmium-zinc-telluride (czt) gamma camera for scintimammography that has a high sensitivity (\~90%) for the detection of breast cancers independent of breast density. the aim of this study is to demonstrate the utility of mbi as an adjunct screening modality for the detection of occult breast cancers in women with mammographically dense breast tissue. initial recruitment will be from the pool of patients awaiting a screening mammogram in the department of radiology at mayo clinic rochester. all patients will have a screening mmo and an mbi study. patients with positive studies (mbi or mmo) will undergo additional diagnostic studies. at 15 months post-recruitment, all patients will be contacted by phone or mail to determine whether subsequent to their study, there has been any change in their breast status.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. past prior screening mammography (sm) interpreted as negative or benign (this screening must have been performed at mayo clinic rochester, minnesota). 2. past prior sm interpreted as heterogeneously dense or extremely dense (this screening must have been performed at mayo clinic rochester, minnesota). 3. women younger than 50 years who had not undergone prior mammography, as most of these women have dense breasts. 4. subjects had to have at least one of the following risk factors: 1. known mutation in breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (brca1) or breast cancer susceptibility gene 2 (brca2) 2. history of chest, mediastinal, or axillary irradiation 3. personal history of breast cancer 4. history of prior biopsy showing atypical ductal hyperplasia, atypical lobular hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ, or atypical papilloma 5. gail or claus model lifetime risk greater than or equal to 20% 6. gail model 5 year risk greater or equal to 2.5% 7. gail model 5 year risk greater or equal to 1.6% 8. one first-degree relative with history of breast cancer 9. two second-degree relatives with history of breast cancer exclusion criteria: 1. they are unable to understand and sign the consent form 2. they are pregnant or lactating 3. they are physically unable to sit upright and still for 40 minutes. 4. they have self-reported signs or symptoms of breast cancer (palpable mass, bloody nipple discharge, axillary mass etc.). 5. they have had needle biopsy within 3 months, or breast surgery within 1 year prior to the study. 6. they are currently taking tamoxifen, evista (raloxifene), or an aromatase inhibitor for adjuvant therapy or chemoprevention.

Keywords: dense breast tissue breast cancer screening molecular breast imaging breast cancer breast
a case management algorithm for women victims of violence

Conditions: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder; Violence-Related Symptom

Summary: a considerable body of research has demonstrated that women who are victims of interpersonal violence are at substantially elevated risk for the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (ptsd). in france, victims can request a medico-legal examination in a clinical forensic medicine unit. although these units are also a place for initial psychological examination, women often don't attend future scheduled appointments. decision-making algorithm using phone contact are effective in suicide prevention. our aim is to assess the effectiveness of case management algorithm using early phone contact compared to a control group treated as usual on clinical outcome after consultation requested in a clinical forensic medicine unit by female victims of violence. method: prospective, multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial, for women victims of violence. victims randomized in vigitrauma group will be contacted by phone at 3 weeks after the consultation in a clinical forensic medicine unit, and a second phone call can be done. if the subject is not contacted after the second phone call, he will receive a postcard. control group will benefit from usual follow-up. all the subjects included will be then evaluated at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year during a phone call.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women * 18 years and older * consultation requested in a clinical forensic medicine unit after being victim of violence * the person was exposed to: death, threatened death, actual or threatened serious injury, or actual or threatened sexual violence (ptsd criterion a - dsm -5) * with social insurance * consent to participate to the study exclusion criteria: * do no consent to participate to the study * intrafamilial or intimate partner violence * do not speak french

Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder women health physical abuse forensic medicine case-management algorithm
efficacy of ifabondtm synthetic glue for fixation of implanted material in laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy: a prospective multicenter study

Conditions: Medial and/or Anterior Genital Prolapse

Summary: laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy is the consensual attitude of choice in genital prolapse but incurs problems of tolerance of implanted material. as an alternative to stapling and suturing, which cause vaginal erosion, we present a fixation technique using a sterile synthetic liquid tissue glue: ifabond™. a non-randomised prospective multicenter study will assess efficacy in terms of 12-month failure of prolapse correction.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * woman aged 18 years or more * stage iii or iv medial and/or anterior genital prolapse on the pelvic organ prolapse quantification (pop-q) classification (hysterocele and/or cystocele), requiring surgical correction * patient requesting surgery for the trouble caused by the prolapse exclusion criteria: * prolapse of pop-q stage \<iii or without functional impact * unacceptable postoperative risk disclosed on interview: coagulation disorder, immune disorder, evolutive disease, etc. * impaired lower-limb range of motion preventing positioning for surgery * pregnancy or intended pregnancy during study period * evolutive or latent infection or signs of tissue necrosis on clinical examination * non-controlled diabetes (glycated haemoglobin \>8%) * treatment impacting immune response (immunomodulators), ongoing or within previous month * history of pelvic region radiation therapy, at any time * history of pelvic cancer * non-controlled evolutive spinal pathology * known hypersensitivity to one of the implant components (polypropylene) * cyanoacrylate hypersensitivity * formaldehyde hypersensitivity * inability to understand information provided * no national health insurance cover; prisoner, or ward of court

Keywords: prolapse, laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy, ifabondtm glue
the visualization of uncertainty in clinical diagnostic reasoning for pulmonary embolism

Conditions: Pulmonary Embolism; Diagnostic Uncertainty; Clinical Reasoning; Evidence Based Medicine; Visualization of Uncertainty

Summary: medical reasoning is a form of inquiry that examines the thought processes involved in making medical decisions. when physicians are faced with patients' symptoms or signs, their thought processes follow either direct shortcuts to suspect a diagnosis or go into a deeper and more analytic process to reach a diagnosis. the second pathway is less prone to biases and errors. this study explores whether the use of an interactive visual display of probabilities of pulmonary embolism generated from positive or negative test results will increase the adherence to evidence based guidelines in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * medical students, university of calgary, in clerkship who finished at least 4 weeks of a block of medicine rotation at any hospital site. * first year subspecialty or internal medicine residents. * practicing physicians in the subspecialties of internal medicine or emergency medicine. exclusion criteria: * physicians in the subspecialty of haematology or respiratory

Keywords: randomized controlled study
analysis of biomarkers for acute graft-versus-host disease (gvhd)

Conditions: Blood Stem Cell Transplant Failure

Summary: samples of blood and urine will be analyzed for biomarkers to check their predictivity of graft-versus-host disease (gvhd) outcomes.

to determine if serum biomarkers of inflammation correlate with onset and severity of acute gvhd, particularly gvhd of the gut.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years old or older patients * undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplant exclusion criteria: none

Keywords: allogeneic stem cell transplant graft versus host disease gvhd
is masseteric nerve block effective in myofascial pain

Conditions: Myofascial Pain - Dysfunction Syndrome of TMJ; Myofascial Trigger Point Pain; Local Anesthesia

Summary: the aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of three different treatment methods in the management of myofascial pain: masseteric nerve block (mn), trigger point injection(trp) with local anesthetic (la) and dry needling (dn).study design: 45 subjects aged 18-54 years were randomly assigned to the mn group (n= 15), la group (n=15) and dn group (n=15).

the study sample consisted 45 patients with masseter muscle originated myofascial pain, were selected in accordance with the following criteria: patients were grouped according to the treatment they received: dry-needling (dn), trp injections with local anesthetic (la) and masseteric nerve block (mnb). localization of the masseteric trigger points (mtps) was based on clinician's sense and patients' expressions of pain. local twitch response was not observable in all case. this procedure was completed by using digital palpation (1.5 kg), and the clinical examiner's palpation was calibrated using a pressure algometer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of myofascial pain. * presence of at least one trigger point in masseter muscle. exclusion criteria: * generalized muscle disorders. * hypersensitivity to local anesthetics.

Keywords: pain injections anesthetics
weight loss study for patients with obesity due to craniopharyngioma or other brain tumor

Conditions: Obesity; Overweight; Craniopharyngioma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether exenatide can cause weight loss in patients with a history of craniopharyngioma or other brain lesion.

hypothalamic obesity occurs in up to 60% of patients with tumors in the hypothalamic region, most commonly craniopharyngiomas. hypothalamic dysfunction can be due to tumor infiltration and as a consequence of surgery or radiation therapy. survivors who develop obesity have greater morbidity and mortality than normal weight survivors. prevention and treatment of obesity in this population is vital in order to decrease the morbidity and mortality from diabetes, stroke and myocardial infarction. exenatide (byetta®) is a glp-1 homologue that was fda approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes in 2005. it also decreases the rate of gastric emptying and increases satiety and has been shown to cause weight loss in some people. exenatide may improve insulin sensitivity and satiety in patients with hypothalamic obesity but without the risks of bariatric surgery. the investigators hypothesize that treatment with exenatide will lead to weight loss in patients with hypothalamic obesity.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18 to 40 years old * history of craniopharyngioma or other lesion in the hypothalamic region * greater than 6 months post-treatment, including chemotherapy, surgery or radiation * bmi \>30 mg/m2 * females must be post-menopausal, surgically sterile or using effective birth control for at least 12 weeks exclusion criteria: * hgba1c \>7% * use of diabetes medications other than metformin in the past 12 weeks, including exenatide * use of weight loss drugs or initiation of a weight loss program in past 3 months * impaired renal function or history of kidney transplant * history of gall stones (unless s/p cholecystectomy), pancreatitis or alcoholism * personal or family history of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid or men type 2 * history of gastroparesis or other gastric motility problems as exenatide decreases gastric motility * history of allergic reaction to exenatide or other medication components * other significant comorbidities other than pituitary deficiencies * currently prescribed warfarin (exenatide may alter warfarin metabolism) * pregnant or lactating females * history of severe hypoglycemia (bg \<60 and requiring assistance from another person)

Keywords: exenatide byetta hypothalamic obesity obesity craniopharyngioma
upper extremity force-velocity profile in swimmers

Conditions: Upper Extremity Injury

Summary: the aim of this study was to measure the changes in the upper extremity force-velocity profile of young swimmers at different training periods during a training season

tested at each experimental test time point (baseline: e1, post-general preparation: e2, post-specific e3 and post-competition season: e4). to measure the upper extremity force-velocity parameters, the countermovement push-up test was performed using the force plate

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 15-18 age * go to training regularly exclusion criteria: * upper extremity surgery in the last 1 year * pain during the tests

Keywords: swimming performance strength plyometric
characterizing emmer seeds and flours, and determining the glycemic effects of emmer breads

Conditions: Potential Abnormality of Glucose Tolerance; Appetitive Behavior

Summary: this study characterized emmer seeds, flours, and breads, and investigated the effects of emmer breads on the glycemic response

this study aimed to 1. describe the technological characteristics of emmer seeds, flours, and breads, 2. determine the glycemic index and glycemic load of two emmer breads, and 3. to investigate the effects of these breads on postprandial glycemic response in healthy subjects

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy * non-smoking * non-diabetic men and women * body mass index (bmi) between 18 and 27 kg/m2 exclusion criteria: * severe chronic disease (e.g. coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus,kidney or liver conditions, endocrine conditions) * gastrointestinal disorders * pregnancy * lactation * competitive sports * alcohol * drug dependency

Keywords: blood glucose emmer bread glycemic index glycemic load blood pressure
combined hormone therapy, c-reactive protein(crp) levels and life quality in natural menopause women

Conditions: CRP; Menopause

Summary: this study aims to assess the effect of low dose combined estradiol and norethindrone acetate hormone therapy on serum crp levels and life quality in natural menopause women. 45 natural menopause women who admitted to karadeniz technical university, faculty of medicine, department of obstetrics and gynaecology for 1 year and diagnosed as menopause and planned to have hormone therapy for menopausal symptoms involved in this study. the serum crp levels and vasomotor symptoms scores graded according to blatt-kupperman index and life quality scores according to menopause-specific quality of life questionnaire (menqol) in turkish were recorded before and after (3 months later) low dose hormone treatment (1 mg estradiol and 0.5 mg norethindrone acetate).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * accepting consent to participate in the research and signing the form; * postmenopausal women 45-55 years old * not having had menstruation for the past 6 months; * hormone results compatible with menopause (fsh\> 20 milli-international unit(miu) / ml, e2 \<20 miu / ml) and presence of vasomotor and/or menopausal symptoms (moderate to severe); * no systemic disease (diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, ischemic heart disease), or no infectious disease in the past 2 weeks; * not taking any hormone therapy or medication for at least 2 months; * no contraindications for hormone therapy in routine menopause evaluation; * willingness to take hormone therapy * no smoking. exclusion criteria: * any systemic disease (dm, ht, hyperlipidemia, ischemic heart disease) presence * smoking * contraindications for hormone therapy * failure to follow-up * inability to complete three months of hormone therapy * stopping hormone therapy due to vaginal bleeding during hormone therapy

Keywords: crp estradiol menopause-specific quality of life questionnaire norethindrone acetate.
discomfort score identifies painfulness during unsedated colonoscopy

Conditions: Risk Factors Associated With Painful Colonoscopy

Summary: some patients felt no pain or only mild discomfort with the unsedated colonoscopy. however, unsedated colonoscopy was thought to be an option for some but not for all. if we could able to identify which patients at high risk for painful colonoscopy in preoperational stage, targeted administration of sedatives or special techniques to these patients would be an attractive option.

here we prospectively collected the data during colonoscopy and investigated the possible risk factors associated with painful colonoscopy by using a step-wise multivariate regression model. furthermore we developed a novel point score to predict whether the patients at high risk for painful colonoscopy and targeted offer an appropriate method of colonoscopy or with the aid of special techniques to help the completion of procedure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who underwent unsedated colonoscopy exclusion criteria: * (1) no bowel preparation or colon cleansing by enema only; (2) no need to reach cecum; (3) prior finding of severe colon stenosis or obstructing tumor; (4) history of colectomy; (5) unstable hemodynamics; (6) pregnant; (7) unable to give informed consent.
older emergency department users and hospitalization after an index visit: results of er2 database

Conditions: Chronic Conditions, Multiple; Medical Emergencies

Summary: this study evaluates the recommendations of a screening tool called: er2 (emergency room evaluation and recommendations form).this stool is used in emergency department by nurses, and it supposes to measure patient risk score.

crowding and delay became chronic conditions in emergency departments (eds) in high income countries. emergency medicine has the mandate to provide care to any patient requesting treatment 24 hours a day. as there is a lack of primary care physicians who are able to provide the necessary care to patients, they are forced to seek care in ed. among these ed users, more and more patients are aged over 65 and account for up to a quarter of all ed users. older ed users comparted to their younger counterparts are more at risk for long length of stay in ed and hospital, and hospital admission during an index ed visit. the occurrence of these short-terms adverse events may be reduced if older ed users risk is assessed upon their ed arrival. few studies have examined risk for short-terms adverse events. they suggested that clinical tools based on a brief geriatric assessment with timely appropriate interventions could reduce the occurrence of short-terms ed adverse events.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * being 75 years and over * brought at emergency on medical stretcher exclusion criteria: * being less than 75 years old * never come at emergency
pet study of non-motor symptoms of parkinson disease

Conditions: Parkinson Disease

Summary: this research plan is focused on neurochemical positron emission tomography (pet) studies of parkinson disease (pd). pd is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, and considerable progress has been made in understanding and treating the "typical" movement abnormalities of resting tremor, bradykinesia and rigidity. these cardinal pd features are all initially responsive to dopamine replacement therapy, and have been investigated intensively with respect to their relationships to degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopamine projection. more recently, increased attention has focused on the "non-motor" clinical aspects of pd, including cognitive, mood, chronobiological and peripheral autonomic defects. these clinical features are less reliably affected by dopaminergic therapy, and are likely to be associated with other, non-dopaminergic neural degenerations. indeed, detailed postmortem assessments of pd brain reveal substantial neuronal losses in a variety of chemically-defined neurons, including brainstem serotonin and norepinephrine neurons and basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. projects in the proposal will focus on dementia, depression, sleep-apnea and dysautonomia in pd patients, employing pet measures of presynaptic dopaminergic, serotoninergic and cholinergic cns neurons and of peripheral sympathetic neurons. results of the investigations may identify associations of non-motor pd signs and symptoms with the non-dopaminergic neuronal losses. these findings will establish additional therapeutic targets for symptomatic, but also for potential neuroprotective pd therapies. in addition, a majority of patients will be characterized with all 3 cns pet measures. the availability of multiple markers of distinct neuronal populations involved in pd neurodegeneration will permit exploratory analyses to assess whether the degenerations are correlated (possibly manifestations of a common pathophysiology) or apparently independent (possibly a manifestation of multiple pd subtypes or pathophysiologies). ultimately, better understanding of these non-motor features will be essential to developing future treatments that address the entire pd patient.

participating subjects may be eligible for one or more of the sub-projects that may have a focus on cognition, mood, sleep or autonomic symptoms.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 50 and above (40 for normal control population) * diagnosed with pd * hoehn \& yahr 1-4, exclusion criteria: * other disorders which may resemble pd * unstable medical conditions * significant neurological or psychiatric disorders * taking certain medications such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, neuroleptics, psychostimulants, tricyclic antidepressants, * contraindication to mri (pacemakers, metal in eye, etc) * recent exposure to significant amount of ionizing radiation * pregnancy

Keywords: non-motor symptoms
comparison of explicit, implicit and no values clarification decision aids for men considering prostate cancer screening

Conditions: Healthy Volunteers

Summary: the investigators aim at comparing the perceived clarity of personal values in men considering psa screening using decision aids with no vcm versus an implicit vcm versus an explicit vcm. this study will add to the body of evidence on the role of decision aids to support health preference-sensitive choices and provide further insight on the impact of different methods for eliciting people's values embedded within a decision aid.

psa test to screen for prostate cancer is considered a preference sensitive decision, meaning it does not only depend on what is best from a medical point of view, but also on patient values. decision aids are evidence-based tools which showed to help people feel clearer about their values, therefore it has been advocated that decision aids should contain a specific values clarification method (vcm). vcm may be either implicit or explicit but the evidence concerning the best method is scarce. we aim at comparing the perceived clarity of personal values in men considering psa screening using decision aids with no vcm versus an implicit vcm versus an explicit vcm.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult men (50 - 69 years); * men with average risk for prostate cancer; * willing and able to provide written informed consent. exclusion criteria: * unable to understand written portuguese.