Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
antibiotic prophylaxis in transurethral prostate resection (turp) and transurethral bladder tumour resection (turb)

Conditions: Urosepsis; Bladder Cancer; Prostate Hyperplasia; Antibiotic Resistant Strain; Antibiotic Resistant Infection; Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea; Antibiotic Toxicity

Summary: to investigate the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing turp and turb. the investigators set up a prospective, randomized controlled trial in which (after exclusion of risk factors) patients will be randomized in receiving levofloxacin (tavanic) orally or no antibiotics. the exclusion criteria for turp are a pre-operative transurethral catheter or \> 100 urinary white blood cells in the pre-operative urine sample. the exclusion criteria for turb are a pre-op catheter or clinical signs of infection.

main objective: to investigate the safety of omitting antibiotic prophylaxis in turp (transurethral resection of the prostate) and turb (transurethral bladder tumour resection) in patients without a pre-operative catheter or \> 100 wbc in the pre-operative urinary sample (turp) or clinical signs of urinary infection (turb). secondary objective: to investigate post-operative bacteriuria after turb and turp in our population. principal inclusion criterium: patients undergoing turp or turb. primary exclusion criterium: turp: pre-operative catheter or \> 100 white blood cells in the pre- operative urinary sample. turb: pre-operative catheter or clinical signs of infection (fever, nyctalgia). primary endpoint: post-operative infection. secondary endpoint: post-operative bacteriuria.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * turp or turb. exclusion criteria: * turp: pre-operative catheter/dj/nephrostomy or \> 100 white blood cells in the pre- operative urinary sample. turb: pre-operative catheter/dj/nephrostomy or clinical signs of infection (fever, myctalgia).

Keywords: turp turb
effectiveness of nasal endoscope sterilization using a novel rig-s™ device

Conditions: Sterility

Summary: this study compares the sterility of rigid nasoendoscopies after being sterilized with a conventional autoclave machine and a novel rig-s device that uses standard high level disinfectant

there is a standard operating procedure in rigid endoscopy cleaning, and it is performed after each clinical examination. the conventional autoclave is no longer used in the setting of an otorhinolaryngology (orl) clinic as it is cumbersome and takes a lot of time, and also only cleans one endoscope at a time. there is no standardisation or device that has been reported, and cross contamination has been reported previously. the overturn of patients in the orl clinic is high, and most practitioners chooses high level disinfectant as a method of sterilising the endoscopes. however, there is no proper device to place these disinfectants in, and results in many cases of broken scopes and cross contamination. this study compares the sterility of the rigid endoscopes after being sterilised by the high level disinfectant that is placed in a novel rig-s device with the gold standard conventional autoclave. the investigators selected all the rigid endoscopes performed in our orl clinic and randomised them before subjecting them for a swab test for bacterial and fungal, and also used a test kit to test the presence of hepatitis b.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all rigid endoscopes performed in orl clinic exclusion criteria: flexible endoscopes performed in orl clinic
early versus delayed surgery for infantile esotropia

Conditions: Esotropia

Summary: the goal of this study is to determine whether corrective surgery done earlier than the current standard can better improve the visual and eye movement deficits in children with infantile esotropia (crossed eyes in infancy).

while there is a uniform agreement among pediatric ophthalmologists that most infantile esotropia requires surgical correction, the proper timing of surgery is controversial. in north america, the typical age at surgery ranges from 11-18 months. unfortunately, despite successful surgical realignment of the eyes, the sensory and eye movement deficits often persist. recently, some pediatric ophthalmologists have advocated earlier surgery. the rationale for early surgery stems from animal and human research showing that early realignment of the eyes within an early critical period allows normal development of the sensory and eye movement systems.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. onset of esotropia after 10 weeks of age; 2. constant esotropia ≥ 20° (40 prism diopter or pd) at near (1/3 m) on two examinations, separated by 2-4 weeks; and 3. refractive error ≤ +3.00 diopters (far-sightedness). exclusion criteria: 1. gestational age \< 34 weeks; 2. birth weight ≤ 1500 g; 3. ventilator treatment in the newborn period; 4. history of meningitis or other major medical event; 5. developmental delay; 6. incomitant or paralytic strabismus; 7. manifest nystagmus or head bobbing; 8. prior eye muscle surgery; 9. prior treatment of amblyopia or spectacle correction for refractive errors; 10. presence of structural ocular anomalies.

Keywords: pediatrics esotropia surgery
transfer of technological innovations to nursing practice: a contribution to the prevention of infections

Conditions: Catheterization, Peripheral

Summary: the insertion of peripheral vascular catheters (pvcs) is the most often invasive procedure performed in hospital settings. during hospitalization, the majority of patients need to have a pvc inserted. these devices are not risk-free, affecting patients' safety and well-being. in clinical settings, health professionals must deal with difficult venous accesses due to the patient's age, physical characteristics, clinical status, and medication, which hinder the pvc insertion. when veins are not visible or palpable, this may lead to successive puncture attempts, causing pain to the patient and discomfort to the nurse, which results in increased costs. guidelines state that puncture should be attempted only twice per professional, to a maximum of four attempts; against this recommendation and due to the patient's therapeutic needs and clinical situation, health professionals attempt to puncture multiple times in a single scenario. in this regard, health professionals should consider using specific technologies that help to select the vein and reduce the number of puncture attempts and catheter-related mechanical complications. taking into account the multiplicity of existing technologies in the international market that assist health professionals in peripheral venous catheterization, ultrasound and infrared devices emerge in the literature as two of the most commonly used during this procedure. these technologies were developed with the purpose of improving peripheral intravenous catheterization success rate and thus reducing the number and extent of the negative effects of multiple or unsuccessful attempts, with the additional purpose of avoiding the frustrations of health professionals in these scenarios. however, such technologies are still underused in clinical practice, since health professionals are not familiar with the use of these devices. moreover, the costs associated with their purchase and maintenance may be considered as excessive in relation to the traditional method. the project investigators aim to determine whether the use of either ultrasound or near-infrared vascular imaging will significantly improve the success rate of peripheral intravenous catheterization in adults on first attempt by nurses compared with the standard approach, reduce immediate related complications and improve patient and provider satisfaction.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants who require peripheral intravenous catheterization as part of routine care; * participants whose primary nurse agrees to participate in the study; * participants who are able to give written assent or oral assent. exclusion criteria: * confused and/or disoriented participants; * participants who are unable to communicate orally and/or in writing.

Keywords: catheterization, peripheral ultrasound near infrared light
early palliative care for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.

Conditions: Pancreatic Cancer

Summary: pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the deadliest cancers. patients with pancreatic cancer experience marked physical suffering, psychological distress and resource-demanding care at the end-of-life. therefore, an urgent need exists to evaluate the early specialized palliative care model in a comparative study and across multiple care settings to define quality of life and survival benefits in patients with pancreatic cancer.

pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the deadliest cancers. approximately half of the patients diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer die within 2 months from the diagnosis. patients eligible for systemic treatment have a median survival of less than one year and often receive limited benefit from chemotherapy, usually with progression of disease after only a few months of treatment. patients with pancreatic cancer experience marked physical suffering, psychological distress and resource-demanding care at the end-of-life. complications such as pain, fatigue, malnutrition, cachexia, exocrine insufficiency and diagnosis itself lead to a poor quality of life and are associated with high rates of depression and anxiety. these invalidating symptoms are best alleviated by attachment to specialized palliative care and by starting this support early in the course of the disease and not just in the terminal phase. early implementation of specialized palliative care is not a standard of care in denmark. thus, an urgent need exists to evaluate the early, integrated palliative care model in a comparative study and across multiple care settings to define quality of life and survival benefits for patients with pancreatic cancer in denmark.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult males and females (aged 18 and over) * confirmed by cytology or histology incurable pdac who are planned to receive medical care for cancer in the first-line setting at the enrolling institution within ≤ 2 weeks * written informed consent before any study procedures * performance status: ecog 0-2 * ability to read and respond to questions or able to complete questions with minimal assistance required from an interpreter or family member * planning to receive all medical care for cancer at the enrolling institution. exclusion criteria: * patients who are already receiving care from the palliative care service are not eligible for participation in the study * exhibiting signs of overt psychopathology or cognitive dysfunction * any medical condition that the investigator considers significant to compromise the safety of the patient or that impairs the interpretation of study assessments * patient participating in another interventional study during the surveillance period. this is only relevant for studies that might interfere with the intervention. participation in protocols related only to treatment will not preclude participation in the present study. cases of doubt will be settled by the protocol responsible.

Keywords: pancreatic cancer early palliative care specialized palliative care
expansion to interdisciplinary hiv prevention in women

Conditions: HIV; AIDS; Fetal Alcohol Syndrome; Alcohol Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder

Summary: this trial will pilot test intervention strategies to increase utilization of hiv testing and gain knowledge for designing a clinical trial to evaluate prevention strategies to reduce hiv sexual transmission in the general population in russia. the study will assess whether external (cost, convenience) or internal factors (low perception of own risk, reluctance to identify a partner as at-risk, fear of stigma) drive russian women's reluctance to be tested and if peer support impacts their decision. a randomized experimental manipulation, comparing opt-in vs. bundled opt-out testing approaches, followed by focus group discussions, followed by a second-chance testing offer will be used to inform these questions. the answers will enable the international research team to engineer and then test an hiv testing promotion strategy in russia. the project will collect preliminary data for a larger study to develop an evidence-based program to reduce the hiv transmission in this high risk population.

a mixed methods research design combining qualitative and quantitative data collection methods will be used to increase the understanding of barriers to hiv testing, identify promising strategies to increase testing, generate research hypotheses, and design a future randomized clinical trial to evaluate hiv prevention targeted to at-risk women in the general population in russia. the qualitative methods include structured interviews and a focus group participation to assess women's reasons for being the tested and possible prevention strategies. the quantitative methods include observation/recording of women's testing behaviors.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a parent study participants who completed hiv risk survey and * reported two or more partners in the last 12 months and no or inconsistent condom use in the last 3 months and no hiv testing in the last 12 months * or reported any sexually-transmitted disease and no hiv testing in the last 12 months exclusion criteria: * a parent study participants who declined to be contacted for participating in future research studies

Keywords: prevention hiv aids fetal alcohol syndrome (fas) alcohol related neurodevelopmental disorder (arnd)
hypertensive crisis and atmospheric pressure relationship

Conditions: Hypertensive Urgency; Weather

Summary: relationship between the onset times of symptoms and the regions of patients presenting to the emergency department with hypertensive crisis (systolic ≥180 and/or diastolic ≥110 mmhg) and the fluctuations in atmospheric pressure

hypertensive emergency is defined as grade 3 hypertension (systolic ≥180 and/or diastolic ≥110 mmhg) that causes end-organ damage, requiring urgent intervention and intensive care admission . hypertensive crisis is described as severe hypertension not associated with end-organ damage. some sources define hypertensive crisis as hypertension of grade 3 or higher, while others refer to it as severe hypertension without specifying a threshold . literature reviews, published guidelines, and studies indicate that the definitions and treatment approaches for hypertensive crisis differ between europe and america, with variations in management from one physician to another . seasonal blood pressure fluctuations are influenced by external temperature, indoor temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and wind . notably, during periods of low atmospheric pressure, blood pressure measurements show statistically significant increases compared to other days . consequently, the frequency of life-threatening conditions associated with hypertension, such as intracranial hemorrhage and abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture, has been observed to increase on days when atmospheric pressure changes . in our study, we aim to investigate the relationship between the onset times of symptoms and the regions of patients presenting to the emergency department with hypertensive crisis (systolic ≥180 and/or diastolic ≥110 mmhg) and the fluctuations in atmospheric pressure

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age 18 and above 2. hypertensive crisis (systolic ≥180 and/or diastolic ≥110 mmhg) exclusion criteria: 1. patients presenting with hypertensive emergency (those with end-organ damage) 2. patients who have traveled to another city or district within the last 4 days 3. pregnant patients

Keywords: atmospheric pressure hypertension hypertensive urgency
fracture and fall prevention in elderly with osteoporosis

Conditions: Osteoporosis

Summary: osteoporosis is a prevalent health concern among older adults and is associated with an increased risk of falls that can cause fracture, injury or mortality. identifying the factors related to falls occurring within this population is essential for the development of effective regimes for fall prevention. studies have shown that muscle quality and good posture alignments are critical for balance control in older adults. people are diagnosed with osteoporosis often combining with muscles weakness, and increased spine kyphosis leading vertebral, fractures and poor balance control, even falls. therefore, improving muscle quality, strengthening weak muscles and correcting postural alignment are essential elements for fracture and fall prevention in older adults with osteoporosis. the long-term objectives of this work are to prevent fracture and fall in older adults with osteoporosis by improving the function of degenerative muscles using exercise training.


Eligibility criteria:
the inclusion criteria for osteopenia or osteoporosis group: 1. able to stand and walk for 5 minutes independently; 2. having normal or corrected to normal vision; 3. having age between \> 50 years 4. with osteopenia (-2.5 \< t-score \< -1.0) or osteoporosis (t-score \<-2.5). the exclusion criteria for osteopenia or osteoporosis group: 1. being pregnant; 2. sensory-motor deficits; 3. inability of communication 4. lack of access to a telephone. the inclusion criteria for control age-matched group: 1. able to stand and walk for 5 minutes independently; 2. having normal or corrected to normal vision; 3. having age between \> 50 years 4. without osteopenia or osteoporosis (t-score \> -1.0). the exclusion criteria for control age-matched group: 1. being pregnant; 2. sensory-motor deficits; 3. inability of communication 4. lack of access to a telephone.
reducing acute coronary syndrome patient delay

Conditions: Acute Coronary Syndrome

Summary: 1. to test the effectiveness of the theory-based interventions (text+visual and text-only bct-based interventions) against usual care in changing patients' intentions to phone ambulance immediately with symptoms of acs ≥ 15 minutes duration. 2. to determine the most effective mode of delivery by comparing the text+visual bct-based intervention with text-only bct-based intervention. 3. to investigate any unintended consequences of the intervention on intentions to phone an ambulance for non-life-threatening symptoms.

patient delay means many people do not achieve optimal benefit of time-dependent treatments for acute coronary syndrome (acs). reducing delay would reduce mortality and morbidity but to date, interventions to change behaviour have had mixed results. systematic inclusion of behaviour-change techniques (bcts) or a visual mode of delivery might improve the efficacy of interventions. aim to evaluate the efficacy of a bct-based intervention and to compare two possible modes of delivery (text+visual and text-only). design a 3-arm web-based, parallel randomised, controlled trial of a theory-based intervention. methods and analysis the intervention comprises 12 bcts systematically identified following systematic review and a consensus exercise undertaken with behaviour change experts. we aim to recruit n=177 participants who have experienced acs in the previous 6 months from a local national health service (nhs) teaching hospital. participants will be identified by cardiac rehabilitation staff and invited by letter to take part in the study. those who wish to take part will be asked to access the experiment at a secure web-address and consent re-checked. consenting participants will be randomly allocated in equal numbers to one of three study groups: i) usual care ii) usual care plus text-only bct-based intervention or iii) usual care plus text+visual bct-based intervention. the outcome variable will be the change in intention to phone an ambulance immediately with symptoms of acs ≥15 minutes duration assessed using two randomised series of 8 scenarios representing varied symptoms before and after delivery of the interventions or control condition (usual care).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults, aged \> 18 years * experience of acute coronary syndrome within the previous six months exclusion criteria: * anyone still hospitalised * people who have experienced acs within the previous two weeks.

Keywords: patient delay behaviour change intervention modelling experiment
study with ag-013736 combined with chemotherapy and bevacizumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer

Conditions: Colorectal Neoplasms

Summary: to determine the safety and efficacy of ag-013736 in combination with other standard of care medication in patients with first line metastatic colorectal cancer.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * (phase 1) patients with any solid/gi tumor who have had no more than 1 previous chemotherapy for greater than 3 months prior to enrollment * (phase 2) patients with locally advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer (crc) previously untreated with any systemic therapy. * patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (with radiation) will be eligible if last treatment was \> 12 months prior to enrollment, * patients must have measurable disease by recist and if any history of hypertension, it must be controlled with medication. exclusion criteria: * prior system therapy for advanced crc (ph 2 portion only) * prior treatment with anti-angiogenesis agent such as bevacizumab or vegf inhibitors. * prior irradiation of greater than 25% of bone marrow (whole pelvis = 25%) * prior radiation, major surgery, or investigational agent within 4 weeks of study entry except palliative radiotherapy to non-target, metastatic lesions. minor surgeries should be completed \> 2 weeks of enrollment and be fully recovered from any procedure.

Keywords: gi neoplasms (phase 1)
a study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ts-091 in patients with narcolepsy

Conditions: Narcolepsy

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety after administration of ts-091 compared with placebo in patients with narcolepsy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients diagnosed with narcolepsy type 1 or type 2 based on the international classification of sleep disorders, third edition (icsd-3) criteria 2. patients aged ≥16 to \<65 years at the time of obtaining informed consent 3. outpatients exclusion criteria: 1. patients with sleep disorders other than narcolepsy (e.g., sleep apnea syndrome, periodic limb movement disorder) 2. patients with organic brain diseases (including neurodegenerative diseases or cerebrovascular disorders) or epilepsy 3. patients with obstructive respiratory diseases (bronchial asthma, emphysema) 4. patients with psychiatric disorders (e.g., major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia)

Keywords: narcolepsy
efficacy of palmitoylethanolamide-polydatin combination on chronic pelvic pain in patients with endometriosis

Conditions: Endometriosis; Chronic Pelvic Pain

Summary: one of the main symptoms of endometriosis is pain, but his pathogenesis is not fully understood. the detection of mast cells in the endometriosis lesions supports the hypothesis that mast cell degranulation may contribute to development of pain and hyperalgesia. n-acylethanolamines (naes) are a class of endogenous compounds that regulate inflammation and pain, controlling mast-cell activation. the aim of the study is to investigate the efficacy of palmitoylethanolamide-polydatin combination on pain relief in symptomatic patients with endometriosis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 18 and 50 years; * pain visual analog scale (vas) score\>4 * laparoscopic diagnosis of endometriosis (performed in the last three years), * no assumption of any drugs (in particularly estro-progestinic, progestinic, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) agonists and antagonists) * persistence of symptoms by at least one month exclusion criteria: * presence of other associated diseases * assumption of drugs * menopause * pregnancy * unable or unwilling to give written consent patients * adverse reaction or hypersensitivity to active substance or excipients