Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
long-term result of placing intracorneal rings in keratoconus using laser

Conditions: Intracorneal Ring; Keratoconus; Laser

Summary: intracorneal rings are indicated in patients whose central cornea does not present opacity and whose visual acuity is not satisfied despite correction with lenses or linked to an intolerance to lenses. surgeries such as crosslinking and intracorneal rings placement are alternatives to corneal transplantation with the expected effects: stabilization of the disease for corneal collagen crosslinking and visual rehabilitation by the placement of intracorneal rings. the main objective of this study is to evaluate visual benefit1 year after placement of intracorneal rings using laser in keratoconus


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient having received the information notice/non-objection * adult man or woman (over 18) * failure of a lens fitting adaptation * patient with a diagnosis of keratoconus * patient operated at somain institute with the placement of intra-corneal rings exclusion criteria: * minor * post-lasik ectasia * iatrogenic keratoconus * protected patient: adult under guardianship, curatorship or other legal protection, deprived of liberty by judicial or administrative decision
calcifidol therapy in men with cancer

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: prostate cancer is a common occurrence in the aging population, with one in ten men destined to develop the disease. 40% of patients with prostate cancer experience a recurrence after definitive treatment. this study addresses the as-yet unresolved problem of the optimal management of early recurrence as manifested by increase in the accepted marker for this disease, psa. vitamin d, an agent with cell-differentiating properties, has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis and cause differentiation of prostate cancer cells in the laboratory and to affect psa favorably in clinical studies of patients with advanced prostate cancer. this study will assess the effects of vitamin d in patients with sub-clinical biochemical relapses of prostate cancer as indicated by rising psa but low tumor burdens, with the potential for developing an approach to this problem that will delay or prevent progression.


Eligibility criteria:
patients will be males with three successive rises in psa after achieving a nadir post-definitive therapy. the following criteria must be met: pathologically confirmed prostate cancer, completion of definitive treatment in the form of local external beam radiation or definitive surgery and three successive rises in psa with no clinical evidence of disease.

Keywords: vitamin d prostatic neoplasms neoplasm recurrence
changes in the use of opioids, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with biologic agents

Conditions: Rheumatoid Arthritis

Summary: to compare the proportion of rheumatoid arthritis (ra) patients prescribed opioids, benzodiazepines, and antidepressants before versus after starting each of the following biologics: abatacept, infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, utilizing an administrative claims database.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * icd 9 diagnosis ra 714.0 * documented first biologic prescription ("index" prescription) for abatacept, infliximab, etanercept, or adalimumab * continuous therapy (gap between scripts no greater than 150% days supply) for minimum 6 months from index * prescription claims data available for 6 months before and 12 months after index biologic prescription * continuous eligibility for 6 months before and 12 months after index biologic prescription exclusion criteria: * prescription claims for another biologic during the observation period (including rituximab and anakinra) * prescriptions not continuous for at least 6 months
safety and efficacy study of enzalutamide in patients with advanced, androgen receptor-positive, triple negative breast cancer

Conditions: Advanced, Androgen Receptor Positive Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if enzalutamide is safe and effective in the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer that express the androgen receptor but do not express the estrogen or progesterone receptor and are not her2 amplified.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women at least 18 years of age; * advanced ar+ tnbc; * availability of a representative tumor specimen: * either measurable disease or bone only nonmeasurable disease; * eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status of 0 or 1. exclusion criteria: * any severe concurrent disease, infection, or comorbid condition; * any condition or reason that interferes with the patient's ability to participate in the trial, that may cause undue risk, or complicates the interpretation of safety data; * current or previously treated brain metastasis or active leptomeningeal disease; * current hormone replacement therapy; * local palliative radiation therapy within 7 days before day 1; * history of another invasive cancer within 5 years of day 1; * absolute neutrophil count \< 1500/µl, platelet count \< 75,000/µl, or hemoglobin \< 9 g/dl (5.6 mmol/l) at the screening visit; * creatinine \> 1.5 times upper limit of normal (uln) at the screening visit; * history of seizure or any condition that may predispose to seizure; * clinically significant cardiovascular disease; * active gastrointestinal disorder affecting absorption; * major surgery within 4 weeks before day 1; * treatment with any commercially available anticancer agent within 14 days before day 1; * treatment with any investigational agent within 2 weeks before day 1; * treatment with any of the following medications within 2 weeks before day 1: estrogens, including hormone replacement therapy; androgens (testosterone, dihydroepiandrosterone, etc);systemic radionuclides (eg, samarium or strontium);vaccine therapy; * hypoglycemic episode requiring medical intervention while on insulin treatment within 12 months before day 1; * hypersensitivity reaction to the active pharmaceutical ingredient or any of the capsule components, including labrasol, butylated hydroxyanisole, and butylated hydroxytoluene.

Keywords: breast cancer triple negative androgen receptor positive
opioid receptors influence ischemia-reperfusion injury

Conditions: Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Summary: the most powerful protective mechanism against ischemia-reperfusion injury other than rapid reperfusion is ischemic preconditioning. ischemic preconditioning is defined as the development of tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury by a previous short bout of ischemia resulting in a marked reduction in infarct size. this mechanism can be mimicked by several pharmacological substances such as adenosine and morphine. we, the researchers at radboud university nijmegen medical centre, have recently developed a method in which we can detect ischemia-reperfusion injury in the human forearm by using annexin a5 scintigraphy (rongen et al). with this method we will determine whether opioid receptors are involved in ischemic preconditioning. we expect to find that morphine can mimic ischemic preconditioning and that acute ischemic preconditioning can be blocked with the opioid receptor antagonist naloxon. this study will increase our knowledge about the mechanism of ischemic preconditioning and may also provide leads to exploit this endogenous protective mechanism in a clinical setting.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy male volunteers exclusion criteria: * exposition to radiation due to imaging techniques in the previous five years

Keywords: opioids ischemic preconditioning morphine
speech perception for children with cochlear implants

Conditions: Hearing Loss

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether speech recognition in noise can be improved by the addition of a special listening program to the sound processor. thus we propose to assess speech perception in noise for pediatric cochlear implant patients using both their everyday listening program as well an asc program.

the purpose of this study is to determine whether speech recognition in noise can be improved by the addition of a special listening program to the sound processor. thus we propose to assess speech perception in noise for pediatric cochlear implant patients using both their everyday listening program as well an asc program. you will be asked to listen to sentences in quiet and in noise and repeat the sentences. you will be seated in a comfortable chair inside the sound booth with 8 loudspeakers placed in a circular pattern around your head. we will test your sentence recognition abilities in your listening program as well as in the new listening program. the sentences and noise will be presented through loudspeakers at levels typically encountered in everyday communication environments. your participation would involve approximately 20 minutes of testing plus 10 minutes to add the new listening program to their processor.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: children with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss who have 1) one or two nucleus 24 series cochlear implants, 2) at least 1 year experience with their cochlear implant, and, 3) the ability to score \> 50% correct for hint sentences in quiet. exclusion criteria: 1) patients under 4 years of age or over 17 years of age, 2) patients who have had at least 1 year experience with their cochlear implant and, 3) patients who score \> 50% for hint sentence recognition in quiet

Keywords: pediatrics cochlear implant
effect of probiotics among overweight and obese saudi adults

Conditions: Obesity; Adult

Summary: obesity is classified as a low-grade chronic and systemic inflammatory disease and results from complicated interactions between genes and environmental factors, which leads to many diseases and affects the quality of life. there are growing interests in the effectiveness of probiotics as a supplementation to treat obesity through regulating microbiota host metabolism. probiotics may influence the interplays among gut, brain, adipose, and liver in a way leading to weight. since limited studies have been conducted on human subjects, more investigation is needed in this field. therefore, this study sheds light on the investigation of the anti-obesity effect of probiotic supplementation.

this study expects that the multi-strain probiotic product will induce beneficial changes in gut microbiota including reduction in weight, especially the visceral fat, which leads to reduction in systemic inflammatory state associated with fat accumulation. in order to evaluate the changes, ninety adult saudi overweight or obese adult will be enrolled in this clinical trial and randomized to receive daily placebo or probiotics "mcp® bcmc® strains" for 12 weeks in a double-blind study. biochemical markers will be measured through blood samples analyzed. measurements and samples will be obtained at baseline and by the end of the study, at 12 weeks of treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adult's male and female ages between 19 to 40 years. 2. bmi (in kg/m2) from 25 to 35, (who, n. d.) waist circumference (wc) \> 88 cm (women) or \> 102 cm (men) (lean et al, 1995). 3. stable body weight in the previous month of the trial. exclusion criteria: * participants who suffer from diseases and on treatment, such as immune system diseases or thyroid disorders. * pregnant women or who plans to be pregnant. * participants who had gastrointestinal surgery. * hormone replacement therapy. * participants who taking antibiotic. * participants who consume probiotic or prebiotic supplementation regularly.
physical training for people with parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis: effect on mind and body

Conditions: Parkinson Disease; Multiple Sclerosis

Summary: people with parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis experience disabling motor and non-motor symptoms, which respond insufficiently to medication. to adequately alleviate disease burden, physical training is increasing acknowledged as an assisting therapy; however, the optimal dose of exercise in unknown.

next to complex motor deficits, people with parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis experience highly disabling non-motor symptoms; for example, anxiety and depression, cognitive decline, fatigue, and sleep problems. physical training is increasingly recognized as an assisting and, importantly, safe therapy for these patients to alleviate disease burden. however, the optimal dose (i.e., type, frequency, intensity, duration) of exercise has not yet been established. this study aims to investigate differences in response patterns of motor and non-motor symptoms, blood-based biomarkers of neuroplasticity and neurodegeneration, as well as functional brain connectivity to eight weeks of high intensity interval training \[2x/week, \~30 min/session\], continuous aerobic training \[2x/week, \~50 min/session\], or movement advice \[+3000 steps/day for 5 days/week monitored with an activity tracker\]. frequently repeated assessment of outcomes measures will be conducted.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of parkinson's disease (pd) or progressive multiple sclerosis (ms) * hoehn \& yahr stage \<4 (pd), expanded disability status scale score \<6 (ms) * anxiety and/or depressive symptoms; hospital anxiety and depression scale (hads) score \>=8 points on hads-a and/or hads-d * sufficient cognitive ability to understand training instructions; montreal cognitive assessment score \>21 points * able to participate in intensive physical training, no contra-indications for exercise * stable medication regime for at least 4 weeks prior to inclusion * age \>=18 years exclusion criteria: * participation in intensive exercise program in the month prior to inclusion * relapse in the month prior to inclusion (ms) * symptoms indicating cardiovascular, pulmonary, or metabolic disease or cardiovascular, pulmonary, or metabolic disease which are not under control with medication * abnormal electrocardiography in rest
daoib for the treatment of brain fog

Conditions: Long COVID

Summary: this is a 24-week open trial. we will enroll long-covid patients with cognitive impairments. all patients will receive daoib for 24 weeks. we will assess the patients every 8 weeks during the treatment period (weeks 0, 8, 16, and 24). we hypothesize that daoib treatment will be beneficial in improving the cognitive function, mood symptoms, global functioning and quality of life in long-covid patients with cognitive impairments.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * "post-covid-19 condition" defined by who (symptoms present at three months after sars-cov-2 infection and last for at least 2 months which cannot be explained by an alternative diagnosis)(cabrera martimbianco, pacheco et al. 2021) and covid-induced cognitive impairments * physically healthy and have all laboratory assessments (including urine/blood routine, biochemical tests, and electrocardiograph) within normal limits * have sufficient education to communicate effectively and are capable of completing the assessments of the study exclusion criteria: * history of significant cerebrovascular disease * hachinski ischemic score \> 4 * major neurological, psychiatric or medical conditions other than long covid-induced cognitive impairments * memantine use (memantine is an nmdar partial antagonist) * substance (including alcohol) abuse or dependence * delusion, hallucination or delirium symptoms * severe visual or hearing loss * inability to follow the protocol
the mental imagery for suicidality in students trial (misst)

Conditions: Suicide, Attempted; Suicidal Ideation

Summary: in the uk, suicide is the leading cause of death in young people and have increased in recent years. areas in the north of england appear particularly at risk. university students represent one vulnerable group. 42% of students contemplate suicide in any one-year period. suicidal thinking is an important indicator of distress and clinical need, which predicts subsequent suicidal experiences and worse mental health. it is therefore an important target for clinical treatment and early intervention. however, evidenced based interventions for targeting suicidal thinking in students are lacking. this project will evaluate the feasibility of a novel psychological intervention, called the broad minded affective coping (bmac) intervention. the bmac aims to increase peoples' access to positive thoughts and emotions to help them to break out of cycles of negative mood and suicidal thinking. it is targeted, protocolised, and deliverable by a range of professional groups. our existing co-development work with young people has suggested that it is acceptable and helpful to university students. this randomised controlled feasibility trial of the bmac intervention for suicidal thinking in university students. participants will be randomised to either a risk assessment and signposting plus the bmac (n = 33), or risk assessment and signposting alone (n = 33). the study will assess outcomes at baseline and after eight weeks, 16 weeks, and 24 weeks. the study will explore the safety, feasibility and acceptability of delivering the intervention and trial procedures. embedded qualitative interviews with staff and participants, and field notes, will help us to understand the potential factors affecting acceptability and delivery of the bmac intervention and conduct of the trial, and the proposed underlying mechanisms of change. the project will be a crucial step in evaluating the bmac for suicidal students, paving the way for a larger trial of clinical effectiveness.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged ≥18 years. * accessing full or part time education through a higher education institution (hei). * suicidal ideation and/or behaviours in the past three months exclusion criteria: * active/historical full threshold first episode psychosis or bipolar disorder * known moderate to severe learning disability (iq:\<70). * organic cerebral disease/injury affecting receptive and expressive language comprehension. * non-english speaking to the degree that the participant is unable to answer questions and give written informed consent. * imminent and immediate risk to self or others, operationalised as the presence of active intent or planning to harm oneself or others in the near future (e.g. next month).
trial of latex vs non-latex hemorrhoid banding

Conditions: Hemorrhoid; Hemorrhoid Bleeding

Summary: this study will involve the recruitment of adult patients with hemorrhoids for whom rubber band ligation is the recommended treatment. patients will be randomized to receive banding with a latex band or non-latex band. our goal will be to measure the performance of latex bands vs non-latex bands.

this study will involve the recruitment of adult patients with symptomatic grade 2-3 internal hemorrhoids for whom rubber band ligation is the recommended treatment. patients will be randomized to receive banding with a latex band or non-latex band. our hypothesis is that non-latex hemorrhoidal bands are non-inferior to latex bands for the treatment of grade 2-3 internal hemorrhoids. the secondary objective of the study is to compare banding-related adverse effects including pain, bleeding, and complications assessed both immediately and within 3 weeks following each hemorrhoidal banding.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * symptomatic grade 2-3 internal hemorrhoids undergoing rubber band ligation exclusion criteria: * previous hemorrhoidal banding within the past year * known latex allergy * pregnancy * anticoagulation use * bleeding disorder * portal hypertension * inflammatory bowel disease * immunosuppression * functional neurologic disorder * pelvic floor dysfunction * any records flagged "break the glass" or "research opt out".

Keywords: hemorrhoid banding
comparing postoperative pain after pericapsular nerve block and fascia iliaca block in total hip arthroplasty

Conditions: Anesthesia

Summary: the aim of this study is to investigate the efficiency of post-operative analgesia by fascia iliaca compartment block versus pericapsular nerve group block block in reducing narcotic consumption during the first 24 hour post-operatively by using the visual analogue scale.

total hip arthroplasty is a widely used surgical treatment intervention for treating hip conditions such as femur neck fractures and advanced hip osteoarthritis. hip fractures are quite common, regardless of the age of the population (young or old), and they are extremely painful. a hip fracture is a serious injury with potentially life-threatening complications, and it is a common orthopedic emergency in elderly individuals. early surgery within 48 hours of a fracture has been found to lower mortality and complication rates. the pericapsular nerve group block is a novel regional analgesia technique to decrease pain after tha while preserving the motor function. the local anaesthetic is deposited using this method in the fascial plane between the psoas muscle and the superior pubic ramus, which aims sensory branches of the obturator, accessory obturator, and femoral nerves in the anterior capsule of the hip. fascia iliaca compartment block, for procedures on the femur and hip joint, is still a well-liked regional anaesthetic technique. studies have found that ficb prevents complications by anaesthetizing the femoral nerve far from critical neurovascular structures while still giving enough analgesia. both blocks could be used to effectively reduce pain intensity up to 24 hours, total opioid consumption, and length of hospital stay in tha patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age 18-80 years. 2. sex: both sexes. 3. american society of anaesthesiologists (asa) physical status class i, ii, and iii. 4. scheduled for total hip arthroplasty (tha) under spinal anesthesia. exclusion criteria: 1. declining to give a written informed consent. 2. history of allergy to the medications used in the study. 3. contraindications to regional anesthesia (including patient refusal, coagulopathy, and local infection). 4. psychiatric disorders. 5. significant cognitive dysfunction. 6. american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status class iv. 7. liver failure, renal insufficiency (estimated glomerular filtration rate \< 15 ml/min/1.73 m2). 8. patients who had failed spinal anaesthesia were excluded from the study. 9. pregnancy.
wgs of ntm from sputum of ntm lung disease patients and from their environments

Conditions: Nontuberculous Mycobacterium Infection; Whole Genome Sequencing

Summary: the purpose of the study is to identify the genetic closeness of ntm derived from patients living together and from their surrounding environment and to trace the temporal relationship between them.

after ntm isolation is done by using culture, from patients' sputum/bronchoscopic samples and their environmental samples, whole genome sequencing (wgs) will be conducted for all ntm isolates. phylogenetic analysis will be performed based on single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) on each ntm.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the adult over 18 years of age * the patient who have respiratory symptoms consistent with ntm, such as a chronic cough, sputum, and hemoptysis, who have ntm-positive findings on ct, and who have ntm identification in two or more sputum cultures or in one or more bronchoscopic/tissue culture. (2007 ats/idsa guideline) * pairs of patients living in the same household since diagnosis on ntm lung disease * consent to a collection of environmental samples from the patient's residence. exclusion criteria: * if the patient does not agree or withdraw.