Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
discharge coordinator intervention in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd)

Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Summary: this is a single-centre randomized controlled clinical trial which will enroll copd patients in global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (gold) stage ii-iv, hospitalized due to acute exacerbation. patients will be randomised in a 1:1 fashion to intervention group, which will have care organized by discharge coordinator, and control group which will receive care as usual. the primary endpoint of this study is time to hospitalization due to copd worsening. data will be collected at baseline, at the time of hospital discharge, and at following time-points after the hospital discharge: 48 hours, 7-10 days, 30 days, 90 days, and 180 days.

this is a single-centre randomized controlled clinical trial to assess the effectiveness of discharge coordinator intervention compared to care as usual in patients with copd. the study is being conducted at university clinic of pulmonary and allergic diseases golnik, slovenia. patients with suspicion of acute exacerbation of copd will be screened at admission when they will be informed about study details. after explanations of concerns and questions that they might have, a signed informed consent will be collected. during 48 hours, patients will be included according to their eligibility. main inclusion criteria are copd stage ii-iv according to global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (gold) guidelines, ability to perform phone contacts and availability for home visits. patients will be excluded if in unstable or terminal stage of disease other than copd, if they will die during hospitalization, or if unable to follow the study protocol.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \>35 years * acute exacerbation of copd stage ii-iv * residence in the geographical area linked to the study hospital * ability to communicate * give written informed consent exclusion criteria: * diagnosis of cognitive impairment * unstable or terminal disease other than copd * withdrawal of written informed consent before discharge * inability of phone contact * death during hospitalisation

Keywords: chronic disease management chronic obstructive pulmonary disease discharge planning discharge coordinator
acute gastroenteritis: development of pcr analysis and algorithm for fast clarification of isolation indication

Conditions: Gastroenteritis

Summary: isolation of contagious patients is expensive, requires more caregiver time, most of the patients perceive isolation as a mental strain and it has been shown that the level of care and observation is lower than in a normal ward. but isolation of contagious patients is necessary to protect other patients, hospital staff and relatives to prevent spreading of infection and, in worst case out-break. there are different isolation regimes available depending on causative agent and mode of transmission. a community-acquired acute gastroenteritis (ge) is most often caused by norovirus while a hospital-acquired acute ge is often caused by toxin producing clostridium difficile. patients infected with norovirus or clostridium difficile have to be isolated in single rooms with strict contact precautions. patients infected with acute ge caused by other pathogens can be isolated in a multi-bed room if there is a private toilet. however, at the time of arrival to hospital it is not known if the patient is contagious. the indication of isolation has to be made based of a clinical evaluation in risk of isolating to few or too many patients. aim of the study: to identify anamnestic, clinical and paraclinical variables that can be used as indicators of the aetiology of infectious ge, thus giving an indication for isolation. to clinically evaluate a combined rna (norovirus) and dna (clostridium difficile) fast pcr analysis test to identify infectious ge compared to gold standard methods.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * acutely admitted * more than three loose stool, or lest than three loose stools and vomiting within the last three weeks exclusion criteria: * age under 18 years
argus® ii retinal prosthesis system post-market surveillance study

Conditions: Outer Retinal Degeneration; Retinitis Pigmentosa

Summary: this post-market surveillance study is conducted in the european economic area where argus ii has been ce certified for use in outer retinal degeneration patients.

this study is being conducted to monitor the use of argus ii in a larger population than available within pre-market approval studies. safety data will be monitored to ensure continued acceptability of risks to study participants, and an attempt will be made to include all eligible and willing participants implanted with argus ii. measures of visual function that may contribute to device improvements will also be gathered and evaluated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: adults, age 25 year or older * with severe to profound outer retinal degeneration (not including age-related macular degeneration) * have some residual light perception. if no residual light perception remains, the retina must be able to respond to electrical stimulation; * have previous history of useful form vision * have consented to participate in the study * had an argus ii retinal prosthesis surgically implanted 14 days (± 7 days) prior to enrollment (at baseline visit) in the study * at the time of the baseline visit, do not suffer from non-ophthalmic serious adverse events (e.g. coma, myocardial infarction, etc.). exclusion criteria: * ocular diseases or conditions that could prevent argus ii from working (e.g. optic nerve disease, central retinal artery or vein occlusion, history of retinal detachment, trauma, severe strabismus, etc.) * ocular structures or conditions that could prevent the successful implantation of the argus ii implant or adequate healing from surgery (e.g. extremely thin conjunctiva; axial length \ 26 mm; corneal ulcers; choroidal neovascularization in the area of the intended tack location, etc.) * ocular diseases or conditions (other than cataracts) that prevent adequate visualization of the inner structures of the eye (e.g. corneal opacity) * pre-disposition to eye rubbing * any disease or condition that prevents understanding or communication of informed consent, study demands, and testing protocols, including: * cognitive decline including diagnosed forms of dementia and/or progressive neurologic disease, * psychiatric disease including diagnosed forms of depression; * does not speak a principal language associated with the region, and * deafness or selective frequency hearing loss that prevents hearing device alarms and alerts * participants who are pregnant or wish to become pregnant during the course of the study * participation in another investigational drug or device study that may conflict with the objectives, follow-up or testing of this study; * conditions likely to limit life to less than 1 year from the time of inclusion.
pilot study of colon cancer screening tests

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer; Colon Cancer; Adenomatous Polyps

Summary: colon cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in north america. these deaths are preventable with proper screening. fecal occult blood testing, virtual colonoscopy, and standard (optical) colonoscopy are all options for colon cancer screening, but it is not known which is the best at preventing death from colon cancer. a large study comparing these three tests is desperately needed. in this pilot study, the investigators want to find out what percentage of patients will show up for their screening test once enrolled. this will provide crucial information for the successful execution of the larger study.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all individuals age 50 to 70 years exclusion criteria: * unable to give informed consent * history of colorectal cancer * history of adenomatous polyp * history of inflammatory bowel disease * prior participation in fobt screening * prior refusal to participate in fobt screening * flexible sigmoidoscopy within the previous 3 years * virtual colonoscopy within the previous 3 years * optical colonoscopy within the previous 3 years * severe of terminal illness that would preclude benefit from colon cancer screening

Keywords: colorectal cancer colon cancer adenomatous polyps screening fecal occult blood test computed tomographic colonography colonoscopy
the combat hbv feasibility trial

Conditions: Hepatitis B; Vertical Transmission of Infectious Disease

Summary: this is a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial (rct) of a prophylaxis-for-all approach to prevention of mother-to-child transmission (pmtct) of hepatitis b virus (hbv) in the democratic republic of congo (drc). hbv-infected pregnant women will be randomized to either receive tenofovir or placebo beginning at 28-32 weeks' gestation and continuing through 4 weeks' postpartum. women will be followed every 4-6 weeks throughout the prenatal and postpartum period to evaluate for side effects related to the medication. infants will receive a birth-dose of hbv vaccine, ideally within 24 hours. participants will be followed longitudinally through 6 months' postpartum.

the overall study design is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among two groups of mother-infant dyads: women who receive tdf vs placebo in late pregnancy and the postpartum period (beginning at 28-32 weeks' gestation and continuing through 4 weeks' postpartum). while official world health organization (who) recommendations are to continue tdf at least through delivery, a range from delivery through 12 weeks' postpartum is possible; the investigators will continue therapy through 4 weeks' postpartum in this study. this feasibility trial will evaluate the acceptability, safety and preliminary effectiveness of a tdf-for-all approach to prevent mtct of hbv in low-resource settings. hbsag-positive pregnant women will be enrolled at 28-32 weeks' gestation, and will present for regular medication checks, with a study closeout visit at 24 weeks' postpartum. study activities at monthly medication checks will include medication refills, assessment of adherence (via pill counts and verbal surveys), and evaluation for side effects. all infants will receive a birth-dose of hbv vaccine within 24 hours of life. mtct of hbv will be defined as the proportion of infants with positive hbsag testing at 6 months. this pilot study will provide preliminary data for sample size calculations, including safety and effectiveness data, to prepare for larger rcts to determine the effectiveness of a tenofovir-for-all approach, as well as the added benefit of tenofovir over birth-dose vaccination.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnant women ≥18 years of age who present for routine prenatal care between 28-32 weeks' gestation and who test hbv-positive by point-of-care hepatitis b surface antigen test. women must intend to seek maternity and postpartum care exclusively at one of the kinshasa-based study maternity centers. * infants born to enrolled women will be included in the study exclusion criteria: * individuals with abnormal creatinine by point-of-care testing * any woman who plans to move outside of kinshasa province during the study period. * any hiv-positive individual, determined by routine point-of-care screening at antenatal care visits

Keywords: prevention of mother-to-child transmission hepatitis b birth-dose vaccine tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
parnaparin vs aspirin in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion

Conditions: Retinal Vein Occlusion

Summary: retinal vein occlusion (rvo) is the second commonest retinal disease after diabetic retinopathy, and is a common cause of unilateral visual loss. there are two aims in the management of rvo: the identification of modifiable risk factors and their medical management and the recognition and management of sight-threatening complications. the management of the disease includes laser therapy and the control of systemic associated diseases. many other treatments have been proposed but there is no evidence on their efficacy in modulating the outcome of branch or central rvo. there are currently no adequate clinical trials that have evaluated the efficacy and safety of antithrombotic agents in this setting. antiplatelet agents are frequently used in clinical practice. anticoagulant drugs, either heparins or coumarins, are also used in this setting as they represent the first line therapy for the treatment of venous thromboembolism. aim of this randomized controlled study is to to compare the efficacy and safety of aspirin and of a low molecular weight heparin, parnaparin, in the treatment of rvo. study treatment is administered for 3 months. primary end-point of the study is the incidence of functional worsening of the eye with rvo at 6 months. secondary efficacy outcomes are the following: proportion of cases requiring laser treatment because of the extension of the ischemic lesion and/or the presence of neovascularisation and/or macular oedema, incidence of recurrent rvo objectively documented by fluorescein angiography. safety outcomes are defined by the incidence of major and minor bleeding events.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 18 and 85 years * a body weight of greater than 50 kg * a requirement that no more than 15 days had passed between symptomatic presentation, confirmation of rvo and entry into the study. exclusion criteria: * modification of the optic media transparency that could compromise the evaluation of fluorescein angiography, such as cataract or corneal degeneration * history of major ocular surgery (with the exclusion of cataract extraction) * previous rvo * other ocular conditions that, in the opinion of the investigator, could have affected macular edema or altered visual acuity during the course of the study - contraindications to the study drugs (e.g. major bleeding or neurosurgical procedures in the previous 3 months, serum creatinine levels of greater than 2.0 mg/dl, severe liver insufficiency, platelet count \< 100,000 mm3, known active peptic gastric ulcer) * active malignancy * pregnancy * inability to attend for follow up or anticipated non-compliance * ongoing treatment with aspirin or anticoagulant drugs at the time of rvo diagnosis

Keywords: thrombosis, vein, retina
effect of femoral and sciatic nerve blocks, combined with general anesthesia, in postoperative pain levels and phantom limb pain development in patients undergoing lower limb amputation

Conditions: Phantom Limb Pain; Amputation; Anesthesia, Local

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to determine the effect of femoral and sciatic nerve blocks, combined with general anesthesia, in postoperative pain levels and phantom limb pain development in patients undergoing lower limb amputation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing lower limb amputation 10cm cephalad or 10cm caudal of the knee, due to peripheral arterial disease exclusion criteria: * any form of dementia * prior chronic neuropathic pain as assessed with dn4 questionnaire * surgery under neuraxial anaesthesia * inability to complete a numeric rating scale to assess pain * contraindication to ropivacaine
efficacy of topical calcipotriol-assisted afl-pdt in actinic keratosis

Conditions: Actinic Dermatosis

Summary: vitamin d(vit d) is a pro-differentiation agent that enhances the accumulation of protoporphyrin ix (ppix) after mal(methyl-aminolevulinate) incubation in actinic keratosis and may have significant benefit for the treatment of actinic keratosis by ablative fractional laser-primed photodynamic therapy (afl-pdt).

photodynamic therapy (pdt) with methyl-aminolevulinate (mal) is effective in the treatment of actinic keratosis (ak). many strategies have been studied to improve the production of protoporphyrin ix (ppix), to improve efficacy of pdt. pre-treatment of the skin with fractional laser resurfacing is a novel alternative technique to improve the efficacy of pdt for ak. the investigators' previous studies showed that ablative fractional laser primed pdt (afl-pdt) offered higher efficacy than conventional mal-pdt in the treatment of ak. but, reduced response rates are also observed in thicker skin lesions, which may be due to insufficient ppix accumulation within the target tissue. cellular differentiation leads to increased synthesis of ppix from mal and consecutively, differentiation therapy enhances photosensitization effect. topical calcipotriol is a well-known pro-differentiation hormone and was demonstrated to influence the effect of pdt on keratinocytes. the aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy of topical vitamin d in afl-pdt for ak treatment. consequently, the investigator compared efficacy, recurrence rate, cosmetic outcome and safety between vitd - afl-pdt and conventional afl-pdt.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * korean patients aged ≥ 18 years who had biopsy-confirmed actinic keratosis lesions exclusion criteria: * calcium metabolic disorder patients * photosensitivity disorder patients * lactating or pregnant women * patients with porphyria or a known allergy to any of the constituents of the mal cream and lidocaine * patients with systemic disease, history of malignant melanoma, tendency of melasma development or keloid formation, any ak treatment of the area in the previous 4 weeks, or any conditions associated with a risk of poor protocol compliance; and patients on immunosuppressive treatment

Keywords: vitamin d calcipotriol ablative fractional laser actinic keratosis photodynamic therapy
holding vs. continuing incretin-based therapies before upper endoscopy

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Obesity; Gastroparesis

Summary: to assess whether holding incretin-based therapy before endoscopy reduces the likelihood of clinically relevant residual gastric volume (rgv). primary outcomes: * residual gastric volume that precludes adequate endoscopic examination * residual gastric volume that necessitates premature termination of the endoscopy procedure * need for endotracheal intubation due to stomach contents. * occurrence of aspiration events requiring extended observation/monitoring, unplanned therapeutics, and/or hospital admission secondary outcomes: * presence of any solid food * presence of moderate liquid content * increased rgv(residual gastric volume) defined as any amount of solid content or \> 0.8 ml/kg of fluid content (measured from the aspiration/suction canister). * differences in primary and secondary outcomes between different medications


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients using incretin-based therapies at a stable dose for more than 1 month. * patients scheduled for outpatient esophagogastroduodenoscopy (egd), endoscopic ultrasound (eus), or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp) under monitored anesthesia care. exclusion criteria: * documented history of gastroparesis (based on a 4-hour solid-phase gastric emptying study) * known history of achalasia * surgical or genetically altered foregut anatomy * known gastric outlet obstruction or pre-procedure imaging suggestive of gastric outlet obstruction. * patients who did not follow the standard npo (nil per oral) instructions.

Keywords: incretin wegovy ozempic mounjaro glp1 gastroparesis residual gastric volume endoscopy anesthesia
taping and patellar maltraction in pfps patients

Conditions: Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Summary: patellofemoral pain syndrome(pfps) treatment is basically conservative, but there is no general consensus on the most appropriate therapeutic approach. the aim of this study was to examine the misalignment of the patellofemoral joint with mri and compare the effectiveness of mcconnell patellar taping and femoral lateral rotational taping techniques applied to exercise function on pain, patellar maltraction, functional status, balance and quality of life in patients with pfps.

this is a single blinded randomized controlled trial, will be conducted at ankara yıldırım beyazıt universityyenimahalle education and research hospital. evaluations regarding the parameters and inclusion criteria at the stage of diagnosis will be carried out by the specialist physician, exercise therapy and taping practices by the specialist physiotherapist, and the mri measurements by the specialist radiologist. fixed probability stratified randomization method will be preferred in order to ensure proportional gender distribution in the formation of groups and participants will be divided into 3 groups. an exercise program that includes stretching, strengthening and balance exercises accompanied by physiotherapist in the clinic will be applied to all individuals participating in the study for 2 times/week x 6 weeks (12 sessions). only the exercise program will be applied to the first group. to the second group; mcconnell patellar taping technique will be applied using rigid tape(leukotape® p rigid strapping tape, 38 mm x 10 m, usa) in addition to the exercise program in each session.to the third group; femoral lateral rotation taping technique will be applied using rigid tape in addition to the exercise program. patients' patellar maltraction, pain function, balance, and quality of life will be assessed before and after treatment with mri and clinical testing.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * presence of anterior knee pain lasting more than 6 weeks * anterior or retropatellar knee pain is present in at least two activities (stair descending, stair climbing, squatting, running, jumping, sitting for a long time * presence of malalignment of patellofemoral joint in mri examination \[bisect offset index (boi̇) ≥57 and / or patellar tilt angle (pta) ≥15\] exclusion criteria: * presence of knee trauma history and/or previous knee surgery * presence limitation in knee joint range of motion * presence of meniscopathy or lesion in knee ligaments * presence of patellar subluxation or dislocation * presence of a neuromuscular (upper or lower motor neuron lesions), cardiovascular or rheumatological disease * pregnancy status * presence of mri contraindications

Keywords: pfps magnetic resonance imaging mcconnell femoral rotation taping malalignment
moxibustion for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

Conditions: Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Summary: to observe the safety and efficacy of moxibustion on diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging (mri), event related potential (erp).

1. a randomized controlled trial 2. moxibustion treatment, sham control 3. to observe the safety and efficacy of moxibustion treatment versus placebo control 4. evaluation by intestinal microbial structural and diversity changes using 16s rdna sequencing 5. evaluation by structural mri and resting state-functional mri 6. evaluation by erp

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. diarrhea-predominant ibs patients who met the rome iii diagnostic criteria; 2. age 18-65 years old, male or female; 3. volunteered for the trial, signed the informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. intestinal organic disease; 2. constipation-predominant ibs; 3. alternating diarrhea and constipation ibs; 4. unstructured ibs; 5. at the same time, application of smecta, dicetel, cisapride or traditional chinese medicine; 6. combined liver, kidney, heart or mental disease patients; 7. pregnant or lactating women.

Keywords: moxibustion irritable bowel syndrome magnetic resonance imaging