personalized timing of interval debulking surgery based on kelim after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer - a multicenter randomized phase ii non-inferiority trial

Conditions: Ovarian Cancer; Fallopian Tube Cancer

Summary: about 70% of epithelial ovarian cancer patients are diagnosed at advanced stage. when primary optimal surgery is not possible, neoadjuvant chemotherapy will followed by interval debulking surgery is one treatment option. however, there is no consensus on the optimal timing of the surgery. ca125 is a well-known tumor marker in ovarian cancer. its kinetic change has been proven to correlate with the patients' response to chemotherapy and chance of optimal resection. this study aims to utilize the kinetic change of ca125 to customize the timing of surgery for individual patients and compare this with the standard clinical practice.

recruited patients will be randomised into two groups. the control group will receive treatment according to the standard clinical practice. the investigation group will have an additional ca125 at the 5th week after the first cycle of chemotherapy. kelim will be determined. patients with kelim =\>1 will receive radiological assessment and undergo internal debulking surgery if the disease is operable. patients with kelim \<1 will have alternative management, such as addition of bevacizumab or changing to dose-dense chemotherapy, and defer the interval debulking surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients aged 18 years old or older 2. patients with eastern cooperative oncology group score 0-1 within 28 days prior to recruitment 3. patients who can sign the informed consent 4. patients with stage iii-iv histologically or cytologically confirmed eoc, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer not amenable for pds 5. patients who have baseline computed tomography (ct) of thorax, abdomen and pelvis. 6. patients who are planned for nact using 3-weekly carboplatin and paclitaxel. those who have received one cycle of nact may be eligible if the ca125 schedule of the study group can be matched. 7. patients who have an evaluable ca125 level at baseline (i.e., baseline level is at least 2x upper limit of normal) 8. patients who agree for chemotherapy and ids if the disease becomes operable after nact 9. patients with adequate hematologic, liver and renal functions for chemotherapy 10. patients who agree to receive adjuvant chemotherapy after ids. the total number of nact and adjuvant chemotherapy should be four or above, up to maximum of 9 cycles. 11. patients who have childbearing potential should practice highly effective contraception throughout the study until at least 30 days after completion of the treatment. 12. patients must have either germline and / or somatic brca test, or hrd test. exclusion criteria: 1. patients who have borderline malignancy, or non-eoc like germ cell or sex cord tumor, or metastatic diseases from other origins 2. patients with mucinous and neuroendocrine histology 3. patients with history of other malignancies within five years 4. patients who are eligible for pds 5. patients who cannot undergo pds because of parametrial and/or vaginal involvement alone 6. patients who are not fit for pds because of medical morbidities or refusal of operation 7. patients who have already started nact outside the study centers, except those who have received only one cycle within 7 days and the baseline ca125 value within 3 days of nact (normal cut-off 35 u/ml) is available 8. patients who participate in other interventional studies 9. patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding 10. patients who have contraindications to platinum-based chemotherapy 11. patents with active tuberculosis, history of positive test for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) or known acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) are excluded.

Keywords: advanced ovarian cancer fallopian tube cancer primary peritoneal cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy interval debulking surgery kelim