Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
nmda modulation in major depressive disorder in late- life

Conditions: Depressive Disorder, Major

Summary: major depressive disorder (mdd) is a complex and multi-factorial disorder. most of the current antidepressants are based upon the monoamine hypothesis which cannot fully explain the etiology of depression. many elderly patients have significant side effects after treatment with antidepressants which hamper the motivation for treatment and medication adherence. nmda hypofunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. mdd in the elderly is often associated with cognitive deficits which are not necessarily recovered by current antidepressants. the nmda receptor regulates synaptic plasticity, memory, and cognition. in our previous studies, cognitive improvement has been observed with treatment of nmda enhancers. therefore, this study will examine the efficacy and safety as well as cognitive function improvement of nmdae in the treatment of mdd in the elderly by comparing with sertraline (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor \[ssri\]) and placebo. the investigator will enroll elderly patients with mdd for an 8-week treatment. all patients will be randomly assigned into three groups: nmdae, sertraline, or placebo. the investigator will biweekly measure clinical performances. cognitive functions will be assessed at baseline and at endpoint of treatment by a battery of tests. the investigator hypothesize that nmdae can safely yield better efficacy than placebo and sertraline for elderly patients with mdd.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have a dsm-iv (american psychiatric association 1994) diagnosis of mdd * 17-item hamilton rating scale for depression total score ≥ 18 * free of psychotropic drugs for at least 2 weeks * have a mini-mental state examination (folstein, folstein et al. 1975) score ≥ 20 exclusion criteria: * current substance abuse or history of substance dependence in the past 6 months * use of depot antipsychotics in the past 6 months * history of epilepsy, head trauma, stroke or other serious medical or neurological illness * bipolar depression, schizophrenia or other psychotic disorder * moderate-severe suicidal risks * severe cognitive impairment * initiating or stopping formal psychotherapy within six weeks prior to enrollment * a history of poor response to ssris or other antidepressants * a history of previously received electroconvulsive therapy * a history of severe adverse reaction to ssris or other antidepressants * inability to follow protocol
accuracy of venous excess ultrasound (vexus) score versus central venous pressure in patients with severe sepsis

Conditions: Sepsis, Severe

Summary: assessing septic patients with a noninvasive ultrasound protocol, and earlier identification of fluid overload to help clinicians decide whether to administer supplemental fluid therapy or suspend its administration and to evaluate the possible relation between the different vexus grades and the adverse effects of intensive fluid administration

sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a poorly regulated host response to infection. septic shock is still a leading cause of death worldwide as it can induce multi-organ failure (1). septic shock is a subset of sepsis with manifest circulatory dysfunction .intravenous fluid therapy is an essential intervention to promote hemodynamic stabilization.. similarly, septic patients are a very different and difficult subset in intensive care unit (icu). they are vasodilated and require fluid resuscitation for optimization of venous volume and cardiac output (2). central venous pressure measurement which has been used for ages, is not the ideal monitoring technique as it does not correlate with blood volume and does not give a true representation of the response of fluid challenge (3). a venous excess doppler ultrasound (vexus) grading system, are parameters for the assessment of the fluid status of the patient and organ congestion. this protocol evaluates the amount of venous congestion in the abdominal organs, specifically by scanning the portal, hepatic, and intrarenal veins. doppler interrogation of these vessels yields a specific pattern corresponding to a level of venous congestion: normal, mild, or severe. (4).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients (≥ 18 years old) with the diagnosis of severe sepsis and clinical indication to be admitted in critical care units are recruited. sepsis should be suspected to be the primary cause of their acute illness by the treating physician, consistent with the surviving sepsis campaign guidelines (2021) : * life-threatening organ dysfunction * diagnosis of infection some patients diagnosed with sepsis will not meet the criteria, but will be eligible for the study if the treating physician makes a clinical diagnosis of severe sepsis. exclusion criteria: * 1. refusal to participate 2. patients in hemodialysis program 3. patients with previously known conditions that interfere with portal doppler assessments, namely liver cirrhosis, or severe tricuspid regurgitation with structural heart disease. if any of these conditions are identified during the present episode, the patient would also be excluded. 4. age \< 18 years 5. patients subjected to withdrawal of care 6. hemodynamic instability due to active hemorrhage 7. acute coronary syndrome 8. indication for immediate surgery 9. received cpr within 24 hours of enrollment 10. pregnancy
resistive breathing versus inspiratory hold technique in patients with chronic bronchitis

Conditions: Chronic Bronchitis

Summary: the aim of the study is to determine the importance and impact of resistive breathing techniques versus inspiratory hold techniques in patients with chronic bronchitis and specially to find out if there are any changes seen in results measured via the incentive spirometer.

chronic bronchitis (cb) is defined as a chronic cough and sputum production for at least 3 months a year for 2 consecutive years. it is covered under the umbrella term of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). chronic bronchitis is thought to be caused by overproduction and hypersecretion of mucus by goblet cells. epithelial cells lining the airway response to toxic, infectious stimuli by releasing inflammatory mediators and e.g. pro-inflammatory cytokines. during an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, the bronchial mucous membrane becomes hyperemic and edematous with diminished bronchial mucociliary function. this, in turn, leads to airflow impediment because of luminal obstruction to small airways. the airways become clogged by debris and this further increases the irritation. the characteristic cough of bronchitis is caused by the copious secretion of mucus in chronic bronchitis. pseudostratified epithelium, highlighting the pseudostratified epithelial cells, goblets cells (shown in blue), then underlying connective tissue.(3) to determine the importance and impact of resistive breathing techniques versus inspiratory hold techniques in patients with chronic bronchitis and specially to find out if there are any changes seen in results measured via incentive spirometer. there are few studies done over it whereas purpose of this research work is to compare these techniques to get better results.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * • diagnosed with chronic bronchitis * clinically stable patients. * both genders. * age 45 to 60 years. * pink puffers included in this study * clients that are involved in research are not allowed for other interventional therapies. they can take their regular medications. * patients diagnosed at least 2 years ago with bronchitis. exclusion criteria: * • presence of any genetic disorders (cystic fibrosis). * recent spinal / chest surgery * cardiac issues * fractures of vertebra caused by osteoporosis.

Keywords: lung infection resistive breathing inspiratory hold technique
effect of mask use on hemodynamic responses during exertion

Conditions: COVID-19; Heart Rate; Blood Pressure; Exercise Test; Mask

Summary: the use of masks is a necessity due to the current pandemic conditions. the aim of the study is to examine the effects of the use of masks during effort on dyspnea and fatigue with hemodynamic parameters.

the use of masks is a necessity due to the current pandemic conditions.there are studies on many parameters such as the effect of mask use on saturation (sp02), heart rate (hr) and blood pressure (bp). to determine whether there is a change in the performance of individuals in the masked and unmasked exercise test during exertion due to the scarcity of masked and unmasked maximal exercise tests and the insufficient measurement of the degree of fatigue felt, and to determine whether there is a change in the performance of individuals with and without mask, and to determine the hemodynamic responses in the body together with dyspnea and felt fatigue. this study will be conducted in order to examine the effect on

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * volunteering to work, * to be healthy, * 18-25 age range. exclusion criteria: * unstabil angina pectoris, * atrial arrhythmia, * uncontrollable asthma, * pa02 \< 50 mmhg, * paco2\> 70mmhg, * individuals with valve disease * tachycardia, bradycardia, * individuals with a resting systolic blood pressure of 200 mmhg * smoking, * presence of effective clinical conditions such as nasal deviation.

Keywords: dyspnea mask oxygen saturation blood pressure heart rate exercise test covi̇d-19
precision-mrd: prospective observational study of biomarker-directed systemic therapy for colorectal cancer patients with minimal residual disease

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer

Summary: the goal of this clinical research study is to learn about the effects of biomarkertargeted therapy on ctdna in patrticipants with crc and mrd. this is an observational study. participants will be monitored while receiving biomarker-directed therapy that is determined by your treating oncologist (cancer doctor) per standard of care, independent of this study.

primary objective • to estimate the rate of ctdna clearance at 6 months following initiation of biomarker-directed targeted therapy in colorectal cancer (crc) participants with minimal residual disease (mrd). secondary objectives * to evaluate dynamics of ctdna mutant allele fractions following initiation of biomarker-directed targeted therapy in mrd-positive crc participants. * to estimate the rate of disease recurrence at 1 year following initiation of biomarker-directed targeted therapy in mrd-positive crc participants.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria 1. male or female subjects aged \> 18 years. 2. histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma. 3. stage ii-iv disease per current ajcc staging criteria with no definitive radiographic evidence of disease following locoregional treatment. small indeterminate lesions measuring \< 10 mm may be permitted at the discretion of the principal investigator. 4. presence of one of the following targetable biomarkers on tumor or blood molecular testing: braf v600e mutation (cohort a), kras g12c mutation (cohort b), msi-h status (cohort c), and her2 amplification (cohort d). 5. positive ctdna blood test obtained \> 21 days after surgery or last administration of adjuvant therapy. 6. prescribed one of the following standard-of-care targeted therapy regimens: braf v600e inhibitor + anti-egfr antibody for braf v600e-mutated tumors, kras g12c inhibitor + anti-egfr antibody for kras g12c-mutated tumors, anti-pd-1 antibody +/- anti-ctla-4 antibody for mmrd/msi-h tumors, or anti-her2 therapies for her2 amplified tumors. exclusion criteria 1. prior exposure to the following classes of biomarker-directed therapies: braf v600e inhibitors, anti-egfr antibodies, kras g12c inhibitors, anti-pd-1/pd-l1 antibodies, anti-ctla-4 antibodies, or anti-her2 therapies 2. presence of a concurrent malignancy requiring active treatment 3. inability to provide informed consent 4. children will not be enrolled in this study 5. pregnant women will not be enrolled in this study 6. cognitively impaired subjects will not be enrolled in this study
using community-based volunteers to reach non-enrolled school aged children through community-directed treatment of schistosomiasis in school-aged children in rural northern ghana

Conditions: Schistosomiasis; Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis

Summary: schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminhtiasis occur throughout the developing world and are most prevalent in the poorest communitites. these worms have been linked to several nutritional and intellectual deficiencies in many endemic populations worldwide. helminth control, though crucial has been neglected for varied reasons. currently, interests towards the control of neglected diseases including schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths has been revived through many interventions including repeated chemotherapy to help improve public health outcomes and prevent long term morbidity. this will contribute to achieving several of the millennium development goals at a favourable cost. a community-directed treatment of human schistosomiasis and sth in school-aged children in rural notrhern ghana using praziquantel and albendazole is proposed. it is planned to test the hypothesis that community-based volunteers are non-inferior and more cost effective than rural school teachers at reaching school-aged children.

the primary objectives of the study are: to compare coverage rate of community based volunteers and rural school teachers in the distribution of praziquantel and albendazole to scholl-aged children to determine the cost effectiveness of using community based volunteers to distribute praziquantel and albendazole to school-aged children in rural ghana. study methods: a list of all school-aged children (6-15 years) in the study area will be generated from the navrongo demographic surveillance system database and registers produced and given to all school teachers and community based volunteers who will be responsible for the distribution of the antihelminithics. the school teachers and community based volunteers will provide the drugs to both enrolled and non-enrolled school-aged children. percentage coverage of school-aged children will be the outcome measure and compated between the school teachers and the community based volunteers. stool and urine samples will be collected from a representative sample (916) of the children for laboratory analysis before the administration of the drugs for baseline data. sample collection and laboratory analysis will be repeated 6 and 12 months after the first round of chemotherapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children between 6 and 15 years of age

Keywords: schistosomiasis soiltransmitted helminthiasis community-based volunteer school based treatment approach
remimazolam vs. propofol: impact on postoperative delirium in neurosurgical patients

Conditions: Postoperative Delirium

Summary: the investigator aimed to evaluate the incidence of postoperative delirium after remimazolam-based total intravenous anestheisa (tiva) compared to the propofol-based tiva in patients undergoing neurosurgery.

remimazolam, a short-acting benzodiazepine, has recently gained approval for use in the induction and maintanance of general anesthesia. in american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status class i and ii patients undergoing general anesthesia, the remimazolam-based tiva has shown comparable efficacy to propofol-based tiva while demonstrating a superior safety profile. remimazolam has exhibited a lower incidence of hypotension, reduced vasopressor requirements, and fewer instances of bradycardia compared to the propofol-based tiva. the use of benzodiazepine has been associated with an increased risk of postoperative delirium, but there is currently no randomized controlled trial investigating the relationship between remimazolam, a new short-acting benzodiazepine, and postoperative delirium. therefore, the investigators designed this prospective, randomized, double-blinded, active comparator-controlled, non-inferiority trial to investigate the incidence of postoperative delirium after remimazolam-based tiva compared with propofol-based tiva in neurosurgery patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * american society of anesthesia (asa) class i - iii exclusion criteria: * severe respiratory, cardiovascular, or hepatic disease (child-pugh c) * dependency on psychiatric drugs or alcohol * severe sensory impairments that impede communication * preoprative delirium * hypersensitivity, allergies, or contraindication to the study drugs.

Keywords: postoperative delirium remimazolam total intravenous anesthesia neurosurgery
nc thermometer (gen 3) iso 80601-2-56 validation

Conditions: Febrile Illness; Healthy; Fever

Summary: the purpose of this clinical validation is to evaluate the the clinical bias, the limits of agreement, and the clinical repeatability of measuring oral temperature using a new thermometer, nc° thermometer (gen 3), compared to a reference clinical thermometer.

the purpose of this clinical study is to validate the clinical accuracy of the nc° thermometer (gen 3) according to the requirements of iso 80601-2-56:2017. the nc° thermometer (gen 3) (the device under study (dut)) is a predictive thermometer that operates in adjusted mode. the welch allyn oral thermometer (welch allyn spot vital signs 420 suretemp temperature module, welch allyn, san diego, ca) with a measurement accuracy of ± 0.1 °c in monitor mode will be used the reference clinical thermometer (rct). during the clinical study, subjects will be asked to perform three consecutive oral measurements with the dut, and one oral measurement with the rct.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * they are more than 5 years old * they have not taken any antipyretic in the preceding 120 minutes * they have no medical conditions which might impact the clinical accuracy validation results, such as inflammation at the measuring site (the mouth) * they are not taking medications such as barbiturates, thyroid preparations, antipsychotics, and recent immunizations
effect of gnrh agonist treatment protocols on ovarian reserve

Conditions: Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection; GnRH Agonist; Infertility; Ovarian Reserve

Summary: this study aimed to compare the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (ultra-short) protocol versus (short and long) protocols on ovarian reserve in women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection

infertility affects about 15% of all the couples attempting to generate pregnancy, of which can be attributed to female and male factors. for females, advanced age and poor ovarian reserve were the main causes which resulted in infertility. pituitary down-regulation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) agonists followed by ovarian stimulation with exogenous gonadotropins has been successfully used as standard hormonal treatment in women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies (art) for the last 10 years. ovulation induction is a frequently utilized therapeutic procedure for the management of infertility. with the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (coh) protocols, the results of the art improved in terms of reduction in cycle cancellation by the almost abolition of spontaneous lh surges (\<2%). the gnrha also reduce inadequate follicular development and imprecise clinical pregnancy rate. intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi), it has allowed successful pregnancies and proved to be a consistent treatment for the alleviation of infertility due to severe semen abnormalities including cryptozoospermia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women * aged between 18- and 35-years old * undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection. exclusion criteria: * history of three or more previous in vitro fertilisation failures * karyotypic abnormalities in either partner * patients who previously undergo unilateral oophorectomy * patients with chronic diseases (uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, liver and kidney failure) * patients with diseases may affect in vitro fertilisation outcomes (endometriosis, uterine fibroids, hydrosalpinx, adenomyosis, autoimmune diseases), polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) patients, poor responders (maternal age \>40, antral follicle counts (afc)\<5, anti mullerian hormone (amh)\<1 and previous trial \<5 oocyte retrieved) * severe male factor, uterine abnormalities, adenomyosis and endometriosis * history of malignant tumors and related treatment, clinically significant systemic disease or abnormal hematology, chemistry, or urinalysis results at screening, non-ovarian causes (male or tubal factors with average ovarian reserve).
effect of lanthanum carbonate in patients previously treated with calcium-based phosphate binder therapy

Conditions: End Stage Renal Disease

Summary: to assess the percentage of patients on lanthanum carbonate, that achieve kidney disease outcome quality initiative (kdoqi) guideline suggested values for serum phosphorous in patients previously treated with calcium-based phosphate binder therapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients meeting all of the criteria listed below may be included in the study: 1. patients aged over 18 years 2. patients with esrd on haemodialysis who are willing and able to provide written informed consent. 3. patients on: * lanthanum carbonate monotherapy for ≥1 month * lanthanum carbonate monotherapy for ≤3 months * calcium-based monotherapy for ≥3 months immediately prior to lanthanum carbonate therapy. 4. values recorded in medical records detailing serum phosphorous, serum calcium-phosphorus product, ipth, and medication ≤6 months prior to commencing lanthanum carbonate therapy and whilst on a calcium-based monotherapy. exclusion criteria: patients are excluded from the study if any of the following criteria are met at screening: 1. known or suspected intolerance or hypersensitivity to lanthanum, or any of the stated ingredients 2. patients with known hypophosphatemia (phosphate level below lower level of normal) 3. patients with severe hepatic impairment 4. patients with requirement for calcium supplementation for reasons other than ckd 5. pregnant or lactating women and women planning to become pregnant over the next 12 months
plyometric training versus strengthening exercise on children with hemiplegia

Conditions: Children With Hemiplegic cp; Effect of Plyometic Exercises

Summary: the aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of plyometric training versus strengthening exercise on quadriceps and hamstring muscles and quality of life and selective motor control of lower limb of children with hemiplegia.

the aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of plyometric training versus strengthening exercise on quadriceps and hamstring muscles and quality of life and selective motor control of lower limb of children with hemiplegia. hand-held dynamometer is used to assess the muscle strength of quadriceps and hamstring selective control assessment of lower extremity scale is used to assess selective motor control of lower limb. peds ql scale is used to assess quality of life of the children. the methods of assessment are valid and reliable.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * their age will be ranging from 8 to 10 years. * they will be on level (1 : 1+) according to modified ashworth scale * they will be on level i according to gross motor functional classification system * they can understand and follow instructions. exclusion criteria: * child undergoes orthopedic surgery past one year. * visual or auditory problems that interfere with rehabilitation programs. * botox injection past 6 months. * cardiac problems or uncontrolled seizures.