Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
schizophrenia imaging

Conditions: Foetal Differences Between Healthy and Schizophernic Parents

Summary: schizophrenia is a common disorder with a lifetime prevalence of about 1%.genetic studies strongly suggest a genetic component to the inheritance of schizophrenia. structural neuroimaging studies have provided consistent evidence for brain abnormalities in schizophrenia. the timing of brain abnormalities in schizophrenia has not been determined yet. the investigators hypothesize that brain structural changes can be detected in neonatal life. the investigators hypothesize that offspring of schizophrenic patients will have higher rates of brain structural changes in the neonatal period. the investigators propose to study early development of fetuses in offspring of patients with schizophrenia. the study is a multi-center prospective trial.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnant women who carry an offspring of a schizophrenia patient: whether the mother, the father or both suffer from schizophrenia. exclusion criteria: * alcohol or drug abuse of pregnant woman * past history or present occurrence of major neurologic or somatic illness * genetic disease * other psychiatric disorders other than schizophrenia such as mental retardation * bipolar disorder and delusional disorder

Keywords: schizophrenia imaging
effects of n-acetylcysteine on cardiorespiratory control in copd patients with mild-to-moderate airflow obstruction

Conditions: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

Summary: the main purpose of this study is to determine whether pharmacological treatment with n-acetylcysteine improves central and peripheral cardiorespiratory control and physical capacity in copd patients with mild-to-moderate airflow obstruction.

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. cardiovascular complications constitute the main causes of poor physical capacity and healthcare resources utilization in copd. there is emerging evidence that these impairments have a major impact on the health of patients with mild-to-moderate disease, the largest sub-population of copd. this important problem, however, is currently neglected as no specific pharmacological treatment is offered to these patients. recent studies indicate that vascular abnormalities are mediated, at least in part, by circulating inflammatory substances and direct damage of the arteries by oxygen radicals (oxidative stress). the current investigation will test the hypothesis that n-acetylcysteine (nac), via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, improves systemic vascular function and physical capacity in copd patients with mild-to-moderate airflow obstruction.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * stable copd with mild-to-moderate airflow obstruction as indicated by the low ratio between forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity (fev1/fvc\<0.7) together with post-bronchodilator fev1≥60% predicted under optimized clinical treatment as judged by the accompanying physician exclusion criteria: * unable to perform all experimental procedures and/or provide informed consent; * hospital admission in the previous 6 weeks; * exercise training program in the previous 6 months; * any condition that could interfere with the ability to exercise; * diagnosed psychiatric or cognitive disorders; * type i insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; * excessively over-weight (bmi\>35kg/m²); * other diagnosed cardiorespiratory disorders (e.g., chronic heart failure, peripheral artery disease).
a study to evaluate efficacy and safety of hcp1803 compared to rld2001-1 in patients with essential hypertension

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study to evaluate efficacy and safety of hcp1803 compared to rld2001-1 in patients with essential hypertension


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients with essential hypertension whose blood pressure measured in visit1 corresponds to the following conditions * mean sitsbp \<180 mmhg and mean sitdbp \< 110 mmhg for patients receiving any bp-lowering drug within 1 month prior to visit 1 * 140 mmhg ≤ mean sitsbp \< 180 mmhg and 60 mmhg ≤ mean sitdbp \< 110 mmhg for patients not receiving bp-lowering drugs within 1 month prior to visit 1 2. patients with essential hypertension who meet 140 mmhg ≤ mean sitsbp \< 180 mmhg and 60 mmhg ≤ mean sitdbp \< 110 mmhg at visit 2 exclusion criteria: 1. difference between arms greater than 20 mmhg for mean sitsbp or 10 mmhg for mean sitdbp at visit 1 2. orthostatic hypotension with symptoms within 3 months prior to visit 1. 3. secondary hypertensive patient or suspected to be 4. uncontrolled diabetes mellitus(hba1c \> 9%) or type i diabetes mellitus 5. active gout or hyperuricemia (uric acid ≥ 9mg/dl) 6. severe heart disease or severe neurovascular disease 7. moderate or malignant retinopathy 8. clinically significant hematological finding 9. severe renal diseases (egfr\<30ml/min/1.73m2) 10. severe or active hepatopathy (ast or alt ≥ 3 times of normal range) 11. hypokalemia or hyperkalemia(k\<3.5mmol/l or k ≥ 5.5mmol/l) 12. hyponatremia or hypernatremia(na\<135mmol/l or na ≥ 155mmol/l) 13. hypercalcemia 14. history of malignancy tumor 15. history of autoimmune disease 16. history of alcohol or drug abuse 17. positive to pregnancy test, nursing mother, intention on pregnancy 18. considered by investigator as not appropriate to participate in the clinical study with other reason
french cohort of patients with rotator cuff lesions

Conditions: Rotator Cuff Injuries

Summary: the purpose of this study is to identify, at 5 years, the clinical and therapeutic factors associated with improvement in shoulder functionality and quality of life in patients with transfixing (total) rotator cuff injuries undergoing treatment.

this is a non-interventional, prospective, longitudinal, multicentre cohort study. the research procedure involves recruiting patients during their first consultation for the management of a rotator cuff injury. patients will then be contacted by telephone or e-mail every year to monitor the progress of their disease and their treatment. patients will be asked to complete self-questionnaires assessing shoulder function, quality of life and satisfaction.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient, male or female, over 18 years of age. * patient with a transfixing (total) rotator cuff lesion confirmed by imaging. * a patient who has been informed and has expressed no oral objection to taking part in the research. * patient affiliated to or benefiting from a social security scheme. exclusion criteria: * patients over 75 years of age. * patients with a history of shoulder surgery. * patients unable to receive emails and/or answer online questionnaires. * protected patient: adult under guardianship, curatorship or other legal protection, deprived of liberty by judicial or administrative decision.
testicular torsion

Conditions: Testicular Torsion and TLR 4 Was Investigated

Summary: background: testicular torsion is a scrotal emergency that results in impaired blood supply to the testis and ischemia of the testis as a result of the rotation of the spermatic cord around itself. the etiology of testicular torsion is not clear, but various predisposing factors are responsible for the occurrence of testicular torsion. recently, with the discovery of "toll-like receptors" (tlrs), new horizons have been opened in the field of innate immune system-related diseases. objective: to mediate the relationship between testicular torsion and tlr4 receptors. material-method: testicular specimens of patients who developed testicular ischemia after testicular torsion and underwent orchiectomy between 2012-2022 were reached. a study of tlr 4 receptors was performed in these testicular specimens. the patients were divided into two groups according to their ages newborns and adolescents.

analysis of 32 newborns and 32 adolescents between the ages of 14 and 16 (mean age was 15.17 ± 0.98) testicular tissue lysate using toll-like receptor antibody 4 (tlr4) elisa (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). toll-like receptor 4 is a transmembrane protein that in humans is encoded by the tlr4 gene. its activation leads to the production of inflammatory cytokines.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: testicular torsion * newborn, adolescent, exclusion criteria: * orchitis, urinary infection, trauma,

Keywords: testicular torsion, toll-like receptors (tlr), child newborn adolescent
childhood asthma management in primary care: implementation of exhaled nitric oxide and spirometry testing

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: what are the capacity and training needs in general practice to implement routine spirometry and eno testing in children aged 5-16 years? asthma is the commonest long-term disease of childhood in the united kingdom (uk). under-diagnosis and under-treatment of childhood asthma in general practice (gp) have been reported from several european countries including the uk. this can result in poor symptom control and increased risk of asthma related deaths. it has been suggested that both under- and over- diagnosis of childhood asthma in general practice could be improved by routinely using objective lung function testing for diagnosis and monitoring. the proposed objective lung function tests (spirometry and exhaled nitric oxide measurements - eno) are already used routinely in uk hospitals, but are not usually available in general practice where most children are cared for. why is it important? - availability of these tests will help health professionals in general practice to look after children with asthma better, and hopefully improve asthma control. what will this study achieve? - though it is believed that providing spirometry and eno in general practice would be beneficial, there is little data on how this can be achieved. this study will employ both qualitative and quantitative measures in order to evaluate the resources required to implement routine spirometry and eno testing for children in primary care; and to investigate the impact this would have on diagnosis in children with suspected asthma. how? - the investigators will work with general practices in and around leicestershire, uk. firstly, to identify what the barriers are to implementing these tests, and secondly to train the practices to perform and interpret spirometry and eno independently in children. children with suspected or previously diagnosed asthma will be invited for review and lung function testing. the investigators will record the time it takes to train general practices to perform and interpret spirometry and eno independently, and the additional clinic capacity required to provide these tests.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. on the practice asthma register or 2. are prescribed regular (on repeat prescription) inhaled corticosteroids including beclometasone, fluticasone and budesonide and also search specifically for 'brands' that are commonly prescribed to include 'clenil', 'seretide', 'symbicort', and 'qvar' or 3. have been prescribed ≥ 2 salbutamol mdi's in the last 12 months or 4. had a documented exacerbation of asthma in the last 12 months 5. able and willing, in the opinion of the investigator, to give informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. children who are unable to perform lung function tests for any reason 2. children and young people \ 16 years 3. unable or unwilling, in the opinion of the investigator, to give informed consent

Keywords: spirometry exhaled nitric oxide primary care
direct molecular characterization of bacteria from icu and from the rehab

Conditions: Bacterial Infections

Summary: investigators aim to directly investigate the molecular properties of bacteria from tracheal and urinary samples routinely taken in intensive care units (icu) patients.

investigators goal is to determine major bacterial activities and properties in the infected patient as a basis for more targeted, efficient antimicrobial discovery. investigators will determine the abundance of dozens to hundreds of pathogen proteins in the samples and in in vitro cultures of the same pathogen strains using cutting-edge ultra-sensitive proteomics approaches (parallel reaction monitoring (prm), sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion mass spectra (swath-ms). data will be analyzed using dedicated mass spectrometry and proteomics packages using parametric and non-parametric statistics (false discovery rate determination based on decoy databases; t-tests of log-transformed abundance data with benjamin-hochberg corrections for multiple testing, normal distribution of the data will be evaluated by kolmogorov-smirnov test). based on experience from in vitro and animal infection experiments, a sample size of 10 can reveal 2fold differences in protein abundance among 500 top proteins at a significance of α = 0.05 and a power of β = 0.8 (after correction for multiple testing). however, it is possible that human patient samples have higher variance compared to animal infection models. investigators will thus use a sequential statistics approach in which they continuously adjust sample size estimates based on the variance of the accumulating data. it may be possible that no sufficient sample sizes for all bacterial pathogens of interest will be reached within two years.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed infection of lung or urine by one or several members of a defined set of bacterial pathogens (pseudomonas aeruginosa, e. coli, klebsiella spp., serratia marcescens, enterobacter spp., acinetobacter baumannii, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumonia exclusion criteria: * proof of a refusal to the general research consent * no detected bacteria
preoperative optimization to improve functional status

Conditions: Pulmonary Atelectasis; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated

Summary: this is a pilot study to obtain preliminary information on the usability and efficacy of a pre-habilitation program. the investigators will recruit up to 100 patients. the two specific aims of this study are to conduct an initial pilot study with the following goals: 1. to obtain information on feasibility and utilization of the program 2. to determine whether participation in the program improves a patient's maximal inspiratory pressure

participants will engage in a pre-habilitation program prior to surgery at home, that includes using an inspiratory muscle training (imt) device that will strengthen the muscles of breathing. participants will keep a log of training. the maximum inspiratory pressure will be measured at baseline and prior to surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * undergoing thoracic or upper abdominal surgery with an estimated date of surgery between 2-10 weeks after enrollment * age\>65 y/o exclusion criteria: * impaired cognition that would limit participation in the program * history of spontaneous pneumothorax * any other physician judgement
a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of a salvia-based mouthwash in palliative care

Conditions: Terminal Illness; Xerostomia

Summary: this study examines the effectiveness of an herbal mouthwash made from salvia in maintaining good oral health among patients in palliative care. it is hypothesized that using the mouthwash made from salvia will result in better oral health and more oral comfort than using with conventional normal saline mouthwash.

the aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of an herbal mouthwash made from salvia officinalis (so) in maintaining good oral health among patients in palliative care. the study compares a mouthwash based on salvia tea solution with conventional normal saline mouthwash and addresses the following research questions: 1. does the so-based mouthwash provide a better treatment than conventional normal saline in maintaining good oral health in terminally ill patients? 2. is there a difference in the individual perception of oral comfort in patients receiving so versus patients receiving saline rinsing solution?

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * attending bedded unit at hospice * over 18 years of age and able to provide written formal consent * diagnosed with advanced cancer * patient with positive response when asked if they experience oral discomfort or complications. exclusion criteria: * estimated life expectancy prognosis of less than 2 weeks * significant cognitive impairment * current use of antifungal medication * currently receiving radiation therapy or chemotherapy * epileptic * diabetic

Keywords: oral health mouthwash salvia hospice xerostomia mouth sores
low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer in relatives with family history of lung cancer

Conditions: Lung Cancer

Summary: screening with the use of low-dose computed tomography (ldct) reduces mortality from lung cancer. relatives with family history of lung cancer are at increased risk of lung cancer compared to those without a family history in pooled analysis. a prospective trial using ldct of lung to screen the relatives with family history of lung cancer is needed.

investigators invited participants with family history to join in this study under the criteria of (1) relatives of the lung cancer patients; (2) age older than 55 years old or age older than the age of onset of lung cancer proband if the family members were less than 55 years old; (3) compulsory signing the consent agreement after understanding the purpose of study and the exposure of radiation. the participants with (1) proved lung cancer either with or without treatment, (2) presence of hemoptysis or history of remarkable lung fibrosis, (3) any other cancer history or (4) chest ct examination within one year would be excluded from the study. the study was planned to enroll 1000 participants from simplex families and 500 participants from multiplex families for lung ldct screening. multiplex family was defined as two or more family members with lung cancers, and simplex family as one family member with lung cancer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. relatives of the lung cancer patients; 2. age older than 55 years old or age older than the age of onset of lung cancer proband if the family members were less than 55 years old; 3. compulsory signing the consent agreement after understanding the purpose of study and the exposure of radiation. exclusion criteria: 1. proved lung cancer either with or without treatment, 2. presence of hemoptysis or history of remarkable lung fibrosis, 3. any other cancer history or 4. chest ct examination within one year

Keywords: low dose ct screening family history of lung cancer
nevirapine clearance after short-term highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) for prevention of mother to child transmission of hiv (pmtct)

Conditions: NVP Plasma Level; NVP Related Mutation; 3TC Related Mutation

Summary: three-drug combination of antiretroviral regimens has been used increasingly in hiv-infected pregnant women worldwide, both for the prevention of mother to child transmission of hiv (pmtct) and for women's own health. use of these drugs in pregnant women solely for pmtct means that these drugs will need to be discontinued in the majority of women after delivery. certain antiretroviral regimens contain drugs with long half-life (drugs that stay in the body for a longer period of time after discontinuation than other drugs in the same regimen), such as nevirapine (nvp). hiv can easily develop resistance to nvp when nvp is the only drug left in the body (similar to monotherapy). given two other drugs for up to 1 week after discontinue nvp (to mimic three-drug regimen while waiting for nvp elimination) can help reduce, but not eliminate, the development of resistant virus. unfortunately, nvp-containing regimens are the most widely used regimens for pregnant women in developing countries due to its low cost and its availability in fixed-dose combinations. these study will explore how fast nvp is eliminated from women after delivery and to see if given zidovudine/lamivudine (azt/3tc) for 1 or 2 weeks after nvp discontinuation can help reduce the development of nvp resistant virus.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. willing and able to provide 2 separated written informed consents to take part in the thai red cross pmtct program and in the study 2. female and aged between 18-45 years 3. documented hiv-1 infection 4. pregnant for a maximum of 36 weeks at the first dose of study medication 5. baseline cd4 cell count \>250 cells/mm3 6. intend to discontinue art after delivery exclusion criteria: 1. history of significant reaction or allergy to the drugs that may be used in the study 2. antiretroviral (arv)-experienced including previous arv use for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hiv 3. documented nvp- or 3tc-resistant hiv-1 strains 4. concomitant use of medications that interfere with nvp plasma level 5. serum aspartate transaminase (ast) or alanine transaminase (alt) \>1.25 times the upper limit of normal 6. inability to understand the nature and extent of the trial procedures required 7. pregnant woman, in the opinion of the investigator, should not participate in the study

Keywords: nvp pmtct pregnancy resistance
faringomoss effectiveness in inhibiting acute throat pain and discomfort

Conditions: Spraying Behavior; Mouth Diseases; Throat Diseases; Throat Pain

Summary: the purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of faringomoss in reducing the throat discomfort and pain in patients with acute throat diseases and postoperative patients after throat surgeries.

study objectives were: 1. to asses the symptoms of throat pain and discomfort after pharyngeal surgery in early postoperative period. 2. to evaluate those symptoms also in outpatient subjects with acute throat pain and discomfort. 3. to compare the data of different groups of patients who had received the topical throat spray with the placebo group. 4. to estimate the gender, age and surgery impact on the results. 5. to record the side effects of the topical sprays. patients were selected from lithuanian university of health sciences ear-nose-throat department and vita longa clinic outpatients. in random order research participants got a topical spray to use for 7 days after the surgery or from the start of acute throat infection. neither the patient nor the investigator did not know if it was the medical device (faringomoss) or the placebo. all the participants got a standard care and treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. the intent was to investigate about 70 - 80 subjects. all the research subjects were tested using objective methods. the confidentiality of the participation was guaranteed. the names were anonymous. the results were summarized. faringomoss is a topical spray, approved as a medical device. it is not harmful because it is made of vegetable oils.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients after throat surgeries: tonsillectomy, adenotonsillectomy, uvulopalatoplasty, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty * patients with acute throat diseases: pharyngitis, tonsillitis, pharyngotonsillitis exclusion criteria: * purulent infection * refusal to participate * allergy to tested material

Keywords: oral spray topical sprays faringomoss local phytotherapy