Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
spectroscopic and colorimetric analysis of acanthosis nigricans in patients with hyperinsulinemia

Conditions: Acanthosis Nigricans; Hyperinsulinemia; Spectroscopic Analysis

Summary: acanthosis nigricans is skin disease that associated with hyperinsulinemia. clinical is velvety hyperpigmented plaques on neck, axilla, groin. if hyperinsulinemia is improved by treated with oral metformin and/ or diet control, acanthosis nigricans would be improved as well. hyperpigmented plaques will be changed. we assess objective measurement by using spectroscopic and colorimetric analysis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subjects must have an elevated fasting insulin level, suggesting they are in an insulin resistant state. 2. subjects must carry a diagnosis of acanthosis nigricans, which will be verified by a dermatologist before entry into the study. if necessary, a small 4mm punch biopsy may be taken to document dermatopathology consistent with acanthosis nigricans. 3. subjects must be willing and able to undergo treatment with metformin, including initial referral and follow up. 4. agree to abide by the investigator's guidelines 5. be able to understand the requirements of the study, the risks involved and are able to sign the informed consent form 6. agree to follow and undergo all study-related procedures exclusion criteria: 1. subjects with type 1 diabetes are excluded because of their naturally insulin-deficient, rather than hyper-insulinemic, states. 2. women who are lactating, pregnant, or planning to become pregnant. 3. any reason the investigator feels the patient should not participate in the study. -

Keywords: diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
anticholinergic therapy for overactive bladder in parkinson's disease

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease; Overactive Bladder

Summary: the purpose of this research study is to investigate the cognitive (thinking, memory, knowledge, intelligence) side effects of two medications commonly used to treat overactive bladder (oab) symptoms in veteran patients with parkinson's disease (pd) seen at the philadelphia padrecc.

this study will be a double-blinded cross-over clinical trial design to assess the prevalence of cognitive effects, the efficacy, and the effect on quality of life (qol) of two anticholinergic medications commonly used in the treatment of overactive bladder (oab): oxybutynin and darifenacin. this will be done by use of a well-established and validated computer-based cognitive battery. secondary endpoints will assess efficacy of anticholinergic therapy on symptoms of oab via qol questionnaire and participant urinary diaries.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of idiopathic pd (icd9=332.0) * mmse 24, able to give informed consent and complete questionnaires and voiding diaries. * urological work-up within 3 months of enrollment to: * rule out treatable causes of urinary symptoms * urinalysis (ua) * post-void residual ultrasound (pvr) * urinary cytology * documented symptoms oab on screening 3-day voiding diary: * average of 1 urgency episode / 24 hours, and * average of 8 micturitions / 24 hours * subjective complaints of symptoms for 3 months exclusion criteria: * exposure to anticholinergics or antispasmodics within the last 4 weeks (among them: atropine, tolterodine, benztropine, trihexyphenidyl, dicyclomine, hyoscyamine, and scopolamine) * exposure to drugs with known effects on cognition (i.e. opioids, benzodiazepines or sedating antihistamines) within the last week * exposure to drugs contraindicated or cautioned in use with the 2 study medications (drugs that also use the cytochrome p450 enzyme, primarily cyp3a4). these include: ketoconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, erythromycin, clarithromycin, ritonavir, nelfinavir, nefazodone, flecainide, thioridazine and tricyclic antidepressants. * nonpharmacological treatment of oab within the last 4 weeks (for example: biofeedback, physical therapy, acupuncture) * uncontrolled narrow angle glaucoma * history of gastric or urinary retention / dysmotility (ulcerative colitis, myasthenia gravis and severe constipation) * history of hepatic or renal impairment * history of severe gastro-esophageal reflux disease and/or use of bisphosphonates, patients at risk for esophagitis * previous exposure to anticholinergic for oab symptoms that resulted in side effects that caused cessation of the medication

Keywords: overactive bladder symptoms parkinson's disease darifenacin oxybutynin cognition
brain imaging to examine the effect of naproxen in hand osteoarthritis patients

Conditions: Osteoarthritis

Summary: the study hypothesis is that the relief of pain in patients with osteoarthritis in the hand can be detected by a form of brain scanning that detects which parts of the brain are activated when pain is felt.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * right-handed, post-menopausal female, any race, 50-80 years * clinical diagnosis of osteoarthritis of the hand * estimated pain in this joint of at least 5 on a scale of 0 to 10 exclusion criteria: * any patient who smokes more than 5 cigarettes per day * patients receiving some anti-depressant drugs unless the dose is stable * patients unable to be admitted or lie still in an mri scanner

Keywords: fmri functional magnetic resonance imaging pain
impact of cerebral endovascular procedures on the systemic immune response response

Conditions: Cerebral Arterio-venous Malformation

Summary: in our icu, it could notice that patients with cerebral arterio-venous malformation (avm) treated with embolization develop more severe ventilator associated pneumoniae (vap) compare to other patients hospitalized for neurological diseases. the dimethylsulfoxyde (dmso), the solvent of the embolization implant, is known to have immune effect on vitro analysis. the investigator want to prove that exposition to embolization implant for a cerebral amv modify the cytokines production involved the system immune's regulation.

cerebral avm are defined by abnormal connections between arteries and veins. for treatment of this vascular malformation, embolization is the gold standard. embolization agent is made with vinylic alcohol ethylene (evoh) copolymer which (the embolization implant) and the dmso which is the solvent. during the injection of the product, dmso dissipates in the bloodstream, and the evoh precipitates and forms the embolus. it knows that dmso had in-vitro immune effect (inhibits signalizations ways of innate and acquired immune response, decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines production and decrease inf-γ and tnf-α production). dmso could decrease activation and recruitment of leukocytes, which could expose patients to an increased risk of infection. the investigator will dose cytokines in 3 blood samples (preoperative, h+6 and h+24) in planned patient's hospitalized for cerebral avm embolization. the cytokine content of the plasmas will be analyzed with multiplex elisa technic

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult hospitalized for a planned cerebral embolization exclusion criteria: * immunosuppressed patient or immunosuppressive treatment (corticosteroid included) * patient with auto-immune disease * hospitalization in icu or for a planned or emergency surgery in the past three months * hospitalization for an active infection in the past three months * pregnancy * patients requiring steroid therapy to prevent postoperative nausea and/or vomiting

Keywords: arterio-venous malformation dmso immune response cytokines
a national study of clinical results after emergency operation for perforated diverticulitis

Conditions: Perforated Diverticulitis

Summary: the aim of this study is to evaluate clinical results and effect on health and well-being in patients operated for perforated diverticulitis with purulent peritonitis by laparoscopic lavage in sweden when used outside of prospective studies/trials and in comparison with the traditional treatment, i.e. colon resection with or without stoma formation. a secondary aim is to evaluate the outcome after fecal peritonitis. the hypothesis is that laparoscopic lavage as treatment for perforated diverticulitis with purulent peritonitis is safe, efficient and cost saving, when used in routine health care.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients registered in the patient registry with icd 10 codes k57 classified as emergency admissions and with the nordic medico-statistical committee (nomesco) code jah01(diagnostic laparoscopy), jfb46 (resection of sigmoid colon), jfb60 (resection of sigmoid colon, sigmoidostomy and closure of the distal stump), jfb61 (laparoscopic resection of sigmoid colon, sigmoidostomy and closure of the distal stump), jfb63 (other colon resection, colostomy and closure of the distal stump), jak04 (laparoscopy and peritoneal lavage), jaw97 (other laparoscopic operation involving abdominal wall, mesentery, peritoneum or the omentum) exclusion criteria: * patients where hospital records reveal that the index admission was misclassified (not perforated diverticulitis) will be excluded. * patients classified as hinchey 1-2. * no informed consent received or withdrawal of consent (questionnaire)

Keywords: laparoscopic lavage
lower urinary tract and sexual function in women following surgery for colorectal disorders

Conditions: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms; Colorectal Disorders

Summary: this is a prevalence study evaluating lower urinary tract, prolapse, bowel, and sexual symptoms in women with a colorectal disorder who are planning to undergo surgery. the purpose of this study is to identify the number of women who complain of lower urinary tract and bowel problems, including frequency, urgency, urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, pain with intercourse, and other sexual problems prior to undergoing surgical management for a colorectal disorder.

lower urinary tract symptoms, including urinary incontinence, voiding dysfunction, urgency, frequency, fecal incontinence, as well as sexual dysfunction, are directly affected by surgery for colorectal disorders. increased risk of injury to the urinary tract is a recognized complication of pelvic surgery. these risks are related to the radical nature of pelvic surgery used to treat certain colorectal disorders, including colorectal malignancies and inflammatory bowel disease. few studies have looked at the incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms and sexual dysfunction in patients with colorectal conditions before and after surgery. the primary goal of this study is to determine the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms in women undergoing surgery for colorectal ocnditions. we also want to describe the prevalence of these symptoms in different colorectal disorders, and how pelvic surgery impacts these symptoms.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female subjects with a diagnosis of a colorectal disorder, including rectal prolapse, inflammatory bowel disease such as crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and colorectal malignancies planning to undergo surgery * females have english as a primary language exclusion criteria: * subjects less than 18 years of age * subjects unable to give informed consent or complete the validated questionnaires

Keywords: lower urinary tract symptoms colorectal disorders urinary incontinence fecal incontinence voiding dysfunction urgency frequency sexual dysfunction colorectal malignancies inflammatory bowel disease
peripheral stimulation neural response

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: few patients recover full hand dexterity after an acquired brain injury such as stroke. repetitive somatosensory electrical stimulation (ses) is a promising method to promote recovery of hand function. however, studies using ses have largely focused on gross motor function; it remains unclear if it can modulate distal hand functions such as finger individuation. the specific goal of this study was to monitor the effects of ses on individuation as well as on cortical oscillations measured using eeg, with the additional goal of identifying neurophysiological biomarkers.

participants with a history of acquired brain injury and distal upper limb motor impairments will receive a single two-hour session of ses using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. pre- and post-intervention assessments consist of the action research arm test (arat), finger fractionation, pinch force, and the modified ashworth scale (mas), along with resting-state eeg monitoring. we will assess for any association between ses and changes in motor outcome as measured using the arat, mas and finger fractionation. in addition, eeg power analyses will be performed to determine if there are any differences between ses responders vs. non-responders.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * between 18-80 years old, with a history of an acquired brain injury resulting in residual hemiparesis or other motor deficits of the arm/hand equal to or more than 6 months prior to enrollment; and capacity to adhere with the schedule of interventions and evaluations determined in the protocol. exclusion criteria: * subjects are excluded if they met any of the following criteria: currently pregnant; uncontrolled medical conditions; significant cognitive impairment on the montreal cognitive assessment (moca ≤ 23); ≤ 10 degrees of active index finger range of motion; significant hand joint deformity; severe active alcohol or drug abuse; significant depression (phq-9 ≥15); baseline spasticity score (mas) \>3 for any joint tested (wrist and metacarpophalangeal joint flexion and extension); apraxia screen of tulia (ast) \<5; absent light touch, proprioception, pinprick and vibration sensation on the modified nottingham sensory assessment; no upper limb strength against gravity; severe aphasia; or had an implanted pacemaker.
tele-rehabilitation intervention for people post hip fracture - randomized controlled trial (rct)

Conditions: Hip Fractures

Summary: most surviving hip-fracture patients experience reduced mobility and lose their functional ability, which increases the risk of complications and rehospitalization. post-discharge transitional programs to reduce readmissions have shown some success. telerehabilitation refers to the use of technologies to provide rehabilitation services to people in their homes. considering the need for long-term follow-up care for people with hip fracture, in-home telerehabilitation could increase independence, decrease hospital stays and reduce the burden for caregivers. the purpose of this three armed randomized controlled trial is to investigate the effectiveness of an intervention program based on telerehabilitation on adl, qol, depression and burden on caregivers compared to face-to-face home visits and usual care of community-dwelling older adults after hip fracture. 90 older people with hip fractures will be randomly assigned to a telerehabilitation group (n=30), face-to-face visits (n=30) and a control group. the aim of the intervention is to improve the transition from rehabilitation units to community dwelling. it will include 10 videoconferencing/ face-to-face sessions from an occupational therapist in the presence of the primary caregiver. each session will be utilized to guide the participants to achieve their self-identified goals, focusing on problem-solving for daily life situations and on the ability to implement the discussed strategies for a variety of activities


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: older adults (age ≥60 years) post hip fracture - discharged from the inpatient rehabilitation unit of herzog hospital, jerusalem, between january 2017 and december 2017. discharge from rehabilitation to a non-institutionalized setting. broadband or wi-fi in their home and must be able to operate an ipad independently. fim\>90 at discharge. has a designated caregiver (a close friend, family member, or support worker) aged over 18, and a hebrew, english or arabic speaker, who will agree to cooperate in the research exclusion criteria: aphasia. cognitive impairment (montreal cognitive assessment scores : moca\<19 or mmse\<21). degenerative neurological diagnoses. current major depressive or psychotic disorder. other acute or chronic health condition that will influence their ability to participate in the study.

Keywords: telerehabilitation occupational therapy rct participation quality of life intervention older adults
deep phenotyping of rosacea and migraine

Conditions: Migraine; Rosacea

Summary: this study aims to deep phenotype patients with rosacea and migraine

rosacea and migraine are common disorders that overlap in epidemiology, symptoms, trigger factors, and distribution in the trigeminal area. recent studies establish a connection between the two disorders, which needs to be investigated. the purpose of this study is investigate the link between the two disorders by deep phenotyping through semi-structured interviews.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis with either rosacea and/or migraine exclusion criteria: * does not want to participate * cannot co-operate to investigation
effects of scfos on stool frequency in people with functionnal constipation

Conditions: Functional Constipation

Summary: the study aims to evaluate the effects of short-chain fructo-oligosaccharides on the frequency and constistency of stools in subjects with functional constipation


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects with functional constipation exclusion criteria: * subjects treated with laxative treatments * subjects consuming more than 25g/day of dietary fibres * pregnant women
antithrombotic treatment in patients with effectively maintained sinus rhythm after atrial fibrillation ablation

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: the purpose of the study is to investigate the best strategy for long-term stroke prevention in patients who have sinus rhythm after a successful catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (af) and who are at risk of thromboembolic events (cha2ds2-vasc score ≥2). the investigators are going to compare antiplatelet therapy to oral anticoagulation (oac) with different doses of edoxaban (30mg and 60mg).

the investigators hypothesize that the strategy of oac will be superior to antiplatelet therapy, but low dose edoxaban (30mg) will be non-inferior to standard dose edoxaban (60mg) for reducing the risk of stroke or systemic embolism in patients who underwent successful af ablation. although af ablation is an effective therapy for reducing and/or eliminating the burden of af, there may continue to be a risk of late recurrence or asymptomatic recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias. until now, the guideline has recommended the continuation of oac in patients who are at risk of stroke or systemic embolism based on the cha2ds2-vasc score, even though they have maintained sinus rhythm. the annual rate of stroke, however, is still lower compared to that predicted by the scoring system, because af ablation reduced the af burden by 86% and the remaining episodes were significantly shorter in duration (median 6 minutes) than those pre-ablation reported by the previous study. based on recent studies which demonstrated that both standard-dose and low-dose non-vitamin k oacs (noac) performed equally well with regard to the stroke prevention in patients with af, low dose noacs may also be sufficient for stroke prevention of briefly lasting af episodes after successful af ablation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients without evidence of any clinically apparent arrhythmia recurrence during at least six months after last catheter ablation of af. * willing and able to provide informed consent exclusion criteria: * patients who do not meet all of the above listed inclusion criteria. * patients with significant valvular heart disease or mechanical valve. * patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. * patients with chronic renal impairment with creatinine clearance rate of \< 30 mg/dl. * patients with contraindication to long-term oac. * patients who had a stroke within one year prior to enrolment.
hscrp in the prognosis of patients after pci：a multi-center study

Conditions: hsCRP

Summary: coronary heart disease (cad) is caused by myocardial ischemia, hypoxia or necrosis due to coronary artery stenosis, spasm or obstruction. although standard drug therapy can greatly improve the prognosis of patients with cad after percutaneous coronary interventions (pci), these patients are still at high risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (macce). at present, the concept of residual inflammation risk (rir) has aroused widespread concern. rir is an important independent risk in patients with cad. previous studies indicated that hscrp ≥ 2mg / l was the definition standard of rir in cad in european and american people. in china, the impact of dynamic changes of hscrp on macce in pci population remains unclear. therefore, in this study, the investigators plan to recruit patients undergoing pci, and observe the impact of rir by serial hscrp measurements on the prognosis of these patients followed up for 1 years at 14 hospitals in china.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants who understand and sign the informed consent voluntarily; * age ≥ 18 years old and ≤ 80 years old, regardless of sex; * the hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease undergoing pci; * complete all planned pci during hospitalization. exclusion criteria: * acute, chronic or recurrent infectious diseases; * immune diseases or immune-related diseases; * long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hormones, immunomodulatory and chemotherapy drugs; * pregnant women, lactating women or women of childbearing age who do not use effective contraceptive measures; * the researchers determined that other conditions in which the patient was not suitable to participate in the clinical trial.