Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
behavioral and environmental sensing and intervention

Conditions: Behavioral and Psychiatric Symptoms of Dementia; Dementia; Caregivers

Summary: this 3-phase research plan to employ behavioral and environmental sensing and intervention (besi) will overcome the fundamental scientific barriers to realizing prediction of agitation episodes and detection early stages of dementia related agitation. the goal of which is empowering caregivers to intervene early and ultimately reduce agitation, thus reducing caregiver burden and extending aging-in-place and improving the associated quality-of-life and cost benefits.

the dementia syndrome of alzheimer's disease and other disorders is rapidly expanding due to the aging of society and the longevity of citizens. in its varying stages, care of the dementia syndrome requires differing sets of skills from the caregivers, and more skilled intervention is required as the disease progresses. these caregivers experience increased burden due to the challenges and stresses of caring. a recent systematic review of caregiver burden factors revealed dementia-related agitation to be the most prevalent factor leading caregivers to institutionalize community-dwelling loved ones with dementia. tools that empower caregivers to proactively reduce the incidents and severity of agitation would reduce stress and increase self-efficacy, thereby extending aging-in-place and the associated quality-of-life and cost benefits. this project proposes to develop, deploy, and evaluate such a tool and to address the fundamental scientific challenges to realizing the benefits of such a technology to caregivers and persons with dementia (pwd). the tool - besi: behavioral and environmental sensing and intervention - will be an empowerment tool for caregivers of community-dwelling pwd. besi comprises: 1. a system of body-worn inertial sensors and in-home acoustic, light, temperature, and motion sensors, 2. data analysis techniques to detect and assess agitation and environmental context from these sensor streams, 3. models for the relationship between agitation and the environment that are trained for each pwd-caregiver dyad based on a\&b, and 4. automated real-time notifications to the caregiver based on b\&c (e.g., detection of early agitation stages or of an environment (cumulative and/or instantaneous based on the models) that has led to agitation in the past), empowering the caregiver to intervene before agitation escalation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of dementia * living in one home for at least 2 months without hospitalization * caregiver seeking support for caregiving needs * have a stable caregiver * be able to provide consent or assent exclusion criteria: * hospitalization in the last 2 months * multiple and inconsistent caregivers * living in multiple homes * unable to provide consent or assent * no known dementia

Keywords: dementia caregiver empowerment caregiver burden agitation in dementia environmental sensors wearable technology
longitudinal changes in refractive error after primary iol implantation among children with congenital cataract

Conditions: Cataract

Summary: the purpose of prospective cohort study is to estimate the rate of change in postoperative change after primary iol implantation among children with congenital cataract(cc) and to explore key factors associated with the rate of change.

due to myopic shift, it's difficult to select power of iol implanted in eye with congenital cataract. the developmental profile of refraction among patient with congenital catarat is has not yet been fully characterized. the investigator recruited a large cohort of chinese cc children.after primary iol implatation, routine examinations including retinoscopy were completed. data were analysed to to estimate the rate of change in postoperative change after primary iol implantation among children with congenital cataract and to explore key factors associated with the rate of change.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children with uncomplicated surgeries * children with unilateral/bilateral cataract exclusion criteria: * corneal diseases * lens luxation * glaucoma * retinal diseases * nystagmus and nanophthalmos
sln mapping and icg dye for vulvar cancer

Conditions: Vulva Cancer

Summary: doctors typically use blue dye to assist in locating and extracting lymph nodes for biopsy. however, this process can prove somewhat challenging for both patients and medical teams due to its need for extensive coordination and the assistance of a nuclear medicine team. some studies have talked about using a different method to find these lymph nodes using a special dye called indocyanine green (icg). this method involves shining a special camera on the skin. so far, no studies have directly compared the icg method to the standard blue dye. the icg camera could make things easier for patients and doctors, and more patients might choose to have their lymph nodes checked with this new method. the goal of our study is to see if using the icg dye is just as good as the standard method of blue dye.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age or older * patients with early-stage scc (diameter \<4 cm) of the vulva without suspicious lymph nodes at palpation or imaging who are planned for surgery at tufts medical center. * patients with squamous cell carcinoma, depth of invasion \> 1mm * patients with t1 or t2 tumors (figo staging) \< 4 cm, not encroaching in urethra or anus with clinically negative inguinofemoral lymph nodes * localization and size of the tumor are such that perilesional injection of the tracers at three or four sites is possible * preoperative imaging do not show enlarged (\<1.5 cm)/ suspicious nodes * willing and able to give informed consent exclusion criteria: * inoperable tumors and tumors with diameter \> 4 cm * patients with inguinofemoral lymph nodes that are palpable on clinical exam suspicious for metastases or with cytologically proven inguinofemoral lymph node metastases * radiologically enlarged (\>1.5 cm) inguinofemoral lymph nodes * patients with multifocal tumors * pregnancy
nursing led interdisciplinary intervention in prevention of girl child mortality and maltreatment

Conditions: Abuse Neglect Social; Deprivation, Maltreatment Syndrome (Infant or Child)

Summary: in northern india, skewed sex ratios, female feticide and higher child mortality rates for girls have become serious concern. the female child mortality as a result of son preference have increased during the last several decades. since families cannot know the sex of the fetus due to indian government policies, they now 'neglect' girl child to ensure there are few survivors. survival chances of second and third daughters are plunging neglecting healthcare and nutrition has become tool for death as 'good riddance'.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * families having girl child before * high risk families with high expectation of having son exclusion criteria: * families having son before * relocation and moving out of town during study period * not ready to consent for intervention
pre-operative polysomnography assessment of cardiac surgery inpatients

Conditions: Sleep Disordered Breathing; Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Central Sleep Apnea

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence and morbidity rates of sleep disordered breathing in cardiac surgery patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects undergoing major cardiovascular surgery (coronary artery bypass graft, valve replacement surgery, or aortic surgery) under general anesthesia. * subjects in whom surgery is planned for greater than 1 day but less than 60 days from the time of enrollment. exclusion criteria: * subjects treated for sleep apnea with positive airway pressure (pap) therapy or oral appliance in the past 30 days. * subjects undergoing maze procedure for atrial fibrillation. * subjects unable to comply with study procedures.

Keywords: sleep apnea obstructive central
comparison of clinical effect between endoscopic and microscopic ear surgery of cholesteatoma: a multicenter retrospective observational study

Conditions: Endoscopy; Microscopy; Ear Surgery; Cholesteatoma; Clinical Effect

Summary: background: cholesteatoma is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory lesion that causes hearing loss, ear discharge, and ear pain, and serious complications. for the past several decades, most studies of cholesteatoma have been restricted to microscopic ear surgery. however, a growing body of evidence suggests endoscopic ear surgery is a safe, minimally invasive approach for cholesteatoma management. this thesis aim to investigate and compare the clinical effect between endoscopic and microscopic ear surgery of cholesteatoma. materials and methods: the retrospective study included 186 patients with cholesteatoma who received endoscopic or microscopic ear surgery from 11 otorhinolaryngology centers between november 2016 and march 2021. patients were followed-up for at least 1 year. audiometry improvement, treatment cost, time, graft success rate and recurrence rate were assessed after surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * postoperative pathologically were confirmed cholesteatoma with or without mastoid involvement * the extent of disease was confirmed by preoperative hrct temporal bone * undergoed microscopic and/or endoscopic surgery for cholesteatoma including primary or revision surgery exclusion criteria: * were lacking in clinical characteristics * had not preoperative audiometric data * missed the follow-up data * were lacking in surgical times * were microscopic combined endoscopic ear surgery
periodontal condition in pregnancy and low birth delivery incidence

Conditions: Pregnancy; Birth Weight; Periodontal Diseases

Summary: the objective of this study was the evaluation of periodontal condition in pregnant women and the effect of the treatment of periodontal disease upon low birth weight.

this research was carried out in the following three centers: samsun birth and children's hospital, department of obstetrics and gynecology of the faculty of medicine and faculty of dentistry of the university of ondokuz mayıs. 269 women in their first trimester were included in this study. their ages ranged from 18-35 years, their height was above 150 cm and they have no history of any systemic disease. at the end of each trimester these measurements were performed: attachment level, probing depth, gingival index, plaque index, and bleeding on probing. according to the periodontal diagnosis the research population was divided into three groups: periodontally healthy women; periodontally diseased women, however rejection of treatment; periodontally diseased women, however acceptance of treatment.in this study one-way anova, chi-square, conditional logistic regression analyses were used.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age:18-35 years * sure of her dates exclusion criteria: * systemic diseases (i.e., diabetes mellitus, cancer, hypertension, urolithiasis, parathyroid disease, diseases that compromise pregnancy) * less than two pregnancy

Keywords: pregnancy low birth weight gingivitis inflammation periodontitis
preliminary study 2 to test the effects of ambulatory voice biofeedback

Conditions: Vocal Fold Nodules; Muscle Tension Dysphonia

Summary: patients with vocal hyperfunction will undergo standard of care voice therapy with ambulatory voice monitoring before therapy and after the first 3 voice therapy sessions. biofeedback will be added to ambulatory monitoring after the 2nd voice therapy session only.

this study will use a single subject design to determine if adding ambulatory voice biofeedback to conventional voice therapy can result in faster carryover (generalization) of new vocal behaviors established during voice therapy to daily life. here, ambulatory voice biofeedback will be based on objective measures that have subject-specific sensitivity to vocal hyperfunction. hypothesis: the ambulatory voice biofeedback week (week 2) will result in higher generalization percentages when compared to baseline and the week prior to the initiation of biofeedback (week 1). this effect will be retained when the biofeedback is removed (week 3), thus it will be different than baseline and week 1, but not different than week 2.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with vocal fold nodules or muscle tension dysphonia undergoing voice therapy exclusion criteria: * if a patient's baseline ambulatory monitoring data is not at least 1 standard deviation away from a normative database in any measure, he/she will be excluded. non-english speakers are excluded because prompts on the smartphone app are only available in english.

Keywords: ambulatory biofeedback voice
metformin and oral contraceptives in pcos

Conditions: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Summary: background: pcos is a common condition with a prevalence of 5-8 % in premenopausal women. more than 50% of pcos patients are insulin resistant and have a diabetes risk 5-8 times higher than age- and weight-matched controls. studies using insulin sensitizers in pcos found increased insulin sensitivity and decreased insulin levels to be followed by decreased androgen levels and improved ovulatory function. no studies however, evaluated the long term effects of insulin sensitizing treatment. oral contraceptives normalize menstrual cycles and suppress androgen levels in pcos, however no long-term studies evaluated the effects of combined treatment with metformin and oral contraceptives in pcos. design: randomized open study in 3\*30 pcos patients. patients are randomised to 24 months of treatment with 1: metformin, 2: metformin and oral contraceptives or 3: oral contraceptives. primary outcome measures: fasting insulin, auc insulin. secundary endpoints: bmi, whr, lh, fsh, total and free-testosterone, c-peptid, urinary cortisol, auc for insulin, glucose and c-peptid during ogtt. inclusioncriteria: 1. irregular menses or anovulaty cycles 2. high free testosterone \> 0,035 nmol/l or hirsutism 3. pco in vaginal us criteria 1 and 2 or 2 and 3. design:

90 patients are included and randomized to 12 months of treatment with metformin (1000+1000 mg/d) or ocp (150 mg desogestrel 30 microgram ethinylestradiol) or combined treatment (metformin+ocp). patients attend a biochemical and physical examination at study inclusion and at 12 months. patients attend for registration of side effects and compliance after 6 months of study duration. safety tests are performed at all three visits and include weight, blood pressure, hba1c, liver enzymes, electrolytes, and white blood cell count. pregnancy tests are performed by the participants each month. patients are given general advice on lifestyle intervention. patients are excluded if they initiated medical treatment with possible hormonal and metabolic effects during the intervention period. lifestyle intervention is allowed. laser treatment is offered to patients with moderate or severe facial hirsutism and patients are allowed to shave/wax. the patients accept not applying cosmetic treatment 3-4 days before attending for evaluation at the clinic.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * irregular menses or anovulaty cycles * high free testosterone \> 0.035 nmol/l or hirsutism * pco in vaginal us criteria 1 and 2 or 2 and 3 exclusion criteria: * age \> 18 years * postmenopausal * diagnosis diabetes mellitus * use of medicine known to affect hormones measured in the project * pregnancy or planned pregnancy during study period * non-caucasian * previous tromboembolic disease * heavy smoker \> 35 years and bmi \> 35 kg/m2

Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome
patient tailored contrast volume for preoperative ct angiography of the aorta

Conditions: Aortic Aneurysm

Summary: an in-house calculator was developed to calculate the appropriate contrast dose, rather than standardly administering a 120ml dose. this study aims for a more uniform contrast enhancement in patients by means of adjusting (lowering) contrast dose to patient parameters.

until now, ct scans in our and many other institutions are being performed with a fixed standard contrast dose specific for every protocol, independent of patient characteristics. however, many if not all patients would benefit from a contrast dose reduction, as long as image quality is not impaired. this is especially beneficial to patients with impaired renal function. for this purpose, we researched previous literature as well as data from previously scanned patients with standard dose, to formulate a contrast dose calculation adapted to patient parameters. an in-house calculator was developed to calculate the optimal contrast dose dependent on patient length, weight and heartrate. a total of 60 ct-scans will be performed and retrospectively collected. patients are randomly assigned to one of three groups : 1/ standard dose of 120ml; 2/ calculated dose (40-150ml) 3/ calculated dose -50% (20-120ml). in case of reduced kidney function, patients were randomly divided between group 2 and 3 (reduced contrast dose).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients requiring ct-angiography of the aorta as requested by clinician * for aneurysm detection or follow-up * or for dissection follow-up * thoraco-abdominal aorta or abdominal aorta exclusion criteria: * contra-indications for contrast administration (severe renal impairment or adverse reactions) * previously endovascular repair of the aorta * only thoracic aorta * no informed consent * contrast injection at 4cc/second not possible

Keywords: ct-angiography aortic aneurysm aortic dissection pre-operative contrast dose reduction
a study to evaluate vitamin b3 derivative to treat mitochondrial myopathy

Conditions: Mitochondrial Myopathy

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the effects of nicotinamide riboside (nr) supplement in adult-onset symptoms of mitochondrial myopathy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * biochemically and/or genetically confirmed or confirmed primary mitochondrial myopathy based on published diagnostic criteria. * biochemically confirmed mitochondrial disorder would mean that the patient meets clinical criteria and has either biopsy or biochemical testing that supports the diagnosis. * confirmed mitochondrial disorder means that the patient meets published clinical criteria for the diagnosis and has also had confirmatory genetic testing for the disorder type. * agreed to avoid vitamin supplementation or nutritional products with vitamin b3 forms 14 days prior to the enrollment and during the study in order to not exceed 200 mg/day of vitamin b3 derivatives intake. * female of childbearing potential agreed to use effective contraception throughout the study. * written, informed consent to participate in the study. exclusion criteria: * unwilling to comply with the follow-up schedule. * inability or refusal to give informed consent by the patient or a legally authorized representative. * known pregnancy or breastfeeding. * concurrent participation in another investigational drug study or within washout period of treatment. * presence of other medical symptoms or condition, which may interfere with interpretation of outcome measures as determined by the study pi. clinical / laboratory exclusion criteria: * estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) \< 30 ml/min. * patients in permanent renal replacement therapy. * serum alkaline phosphatase 50% above normal limit. * serum aspartate transaminase 50% above normal limit. * serum thyroxine (t4) 50% above or below normal limit. * serum thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) 50% above or below normal limit. * severe anemia with hb \< 7g/dl. * severe leukocytosis with wbc \> 15,000/mm\^3.
a phase i multicenter clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of vaccinia-derived hiv-1 recombinant envelope glycoprotein (gp160)

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: to determine the safety of vaccinia-derived hiv-1 recombinant envelope glycoprotein (gp160) in human volunteers; to evaluate the immunogenicity of this preparation in human volunteers. although recent advances have been made in antiviral therapy against aids, there is currently no cure for aids. it is likely that ultimate control of the disease depends on the development of safe and effective vaccines against hiv.

although recent advances have been made in antiviral therapy against aids, there is currently no cure for aids. it is likely that ultimate control of the disease depends on the development of safe and effective vaccines against hiv. healthy, adult volunteers without identifiable high-risk behavior for hiv-1 infection are vaccinated. in phase 1, at each participating unit, four volunteers receive a dose of gp160 (12.5 mcg); two volunteers receive placebo. volunteers are monitored 1 month before proceeding to the second phase. in phase 2, four volunteers receive gp160 (50 mcg); two volunteers receive placebo. primary immunization and two booster immunizations at day 30 and day 180 are done in an outpatient setting. volunteers are closely monitored for the first 2 weeks postimmunization (primary and boosters), and extensively followed for a minimum of 2 years. volunteers may be offered an additional boost of the same preparation at 18 months. per 07/28/92 amendment, 18 volunteers will receive 200 mcg gp160 in an unblinded study. volunteers in phase 2 who received four doses of 50 mcg gp160 receive an additional boost of 200 mcg gp160 at 18-19 months post initial vaccination. per 05/13/94 amendment, volunteers in phase 2 who received the additional 200 mcg boost receive another 200 mcg boost 18-24 months after the last injection (st. louis university site only).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria patients must be: * normal, healthy, hiv-negative adults who fully comprehend the purpose and details of the study. * available for 1 year of follow-up. exclusion criteria co-existing condition: patients with the following conditions or symptoms are excluded: * history of positive ppd (tuberculin test). * positive syphilis serology (e.g., vdrl). * positive for circulating hepatitis b antigen. patients with the following are excluded: * they or their sexual partners have identifiable high-risk behavior for hiv infection. * history of immunodeficiency or chronic illness. * evidence of depression or under treatment for psychiatric problems during the past year. prior medication: excluded: * immunosuppressive medications. prior treatment: excluded: * blood transfusions or cryoprecipitates within the past 6 months. risk behavior: excluded: * high-risk behavior for hiv infection. * history of intravenous drug use. * more than one sexual partner in the last 6 months.

Keywords: vaccines, synthetic drug evaluation hiv envelope protein gp160 aids vaccines hiv seronegativity hiv preventive vaccine