Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
tavns for letter learning in dyslexia

Conditions: Dyslexia

Summary: this is a pilot study to establish feasibility of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (tavns) for improving letter-learning in adolescents with dyslexia. the main goals of the study are to 1) evaluate whether children in this age range will tolerate low level stimulation over the course of multiple sessions, 2) determine whether low level tavns improves novel letter learning in dyslexia, and 3) evaluate the effect of low level tavns on the brain's response to letters. participants will complete fmri before training, immediately after training, and a few weeks after training ends. training will consist of six 30-minute lessons during which participants will learn novel letter-sound relationships while receiving either active or sham tavns. researchers will compare stimulation conditions to determine effect of this device on learning and neural plasticity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * normal non-verbal iq * reading scores above 90 on four single word reading measures (typical reader) or reading scores below 90 on two or more single word reading measures (dyslexia) with or without adhd exclusion criteria: * neurological diagnoses (e.g., autism, epilepsy, etc.) * medications other than those prescribed for adhd * nonverbal iq below 80
metagenomic ngs for diagnosis of pneumonia

Conditions: Pneumonia; Diagnosis

Summary: in this randomized controlled trial, we aim to evaluate the efficacy of incorporating mngs in the management of pneumonia on efficiency and accuracy of causative pathogen identification, proportion of participants with effective antimicrobial therapy, length of hospitalization, and mortality.

this is an open-label, randomized, multi-center, phase 2 study that will evaluate the efficacy of incorporating mngs in the management of severe pneumonia on accuracy and efficiency of achieving definite diagnosis of identifying causative pathogens of pneumonia, appropriate antimicrobial therapy and patient outcomes. the diagnosis of pneumonia requires radiological evidence of pneumonia and at least two of the following clinical criteria: new, or worsening cough, new or worsening expectoration of sputum, new or worsening dyspnea, hemoptysis, pleuritic chest pain, and fever (≥38.0°c). severe pneumonia is defined as pneumonia with hypoxemia requiring orotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation support. written informed consent is needed from the eligible subjects or from their legal guardian at the time of recruitment. after completing informed consent, subjects will be randomized with a 1:1 allocation ratio via a web-based randomization system to receive standard of care (soc) using culture and serology based work-up for pathogen detection or soc with additional mngs method using apgseq ® (asia pathogenomics, new taipei city, taiwan) for pathogen detection. the treatment for pneumonia is suggested following the taiwan guidelines for the management of pneumonia published in 2018. after randomization, the subjects will be followed until death, discharged from the hospital or 28 days after randomization whichever comes first. the total study duration is expected to be two years from the first subject enrolled to the final analysis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. presenting to the icu with a diagnosis of pneumonia (fulfilled with both radiographic and clinical criteria) 2. adults aged ≥18 years 3. orotracheally intubated 4. icu admission for \<24 hours 5. apache ii score \<35 on icu admission exclusion criteria: 1. life expectancy below 4 weeks 2. with an existing directive to withhold life-sustaining treatment 3. patients not willing or able to provide a lower respiratory tract sample at icu admission 4. previous work-up has identified specific pathogens which can account for the index event of pneumonia 5. multiplex pcr or ngs testing has been done for pathogen detection before screening

Keywords: diagnosis next-generation sequencing outcome pneumonia
internet treatment for patients with obesity

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: there is a strong link between obesity and reduced quality of life as well as serious sequelae of diseases. step by step is a treatment model that has been developed at the obesity unit, orebro county region and includes six group meetings over 6-8 months. the aim is to increase patients' knowledge about the disease obesity, to provide support for lifestyle changes and weight control, and to reduce stigma-related psychosocial disorders. a 1-year pilot study aimed at evaluating the internet-based step by step treatment has recently been completed. results after 6 months of treatment show that the participants who completed the treatment were mainly satisfied with the program and the content. however, the dropouts from the treatment were more than expected.

based on the experience from the pilot study, a new randomized study is planned with the aim of evaluating a revised treatment program. people 25-69 years with a bmi 30-44.9 kg / m2, or with a bmi 28-29.9 kg / m2 and co-occurrence of hypertension, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, sleep apnea or polycystic ovary syndrome can be included. the intervention group receives increased therapist support with physical or digital meetings before and during the treatment as well as individualized feedback from the therapist. feedback takes place after 6, 12 and 18 weeks. the other group, the control group, implements the program without meetings with the therapist and receives general feedback during the treatment. the purpose is to evaluate whether increased therapist contact compared to less therapist contact leads to improved weight reduction, quality of life, eating habits and increases physical activity at follow-up after 12 months

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi 30-44.9 kg / m2 * bmi 28-29.9 kg / m2 and hypertension * bmi 28-29.9 kg / m2 and prediabetes * bmi 28-29.9 kg / m2 and type 2 diabetes * bmi 28-29.9 kg / m2 and coronary heart disease * bmi 28-29.9 kg / m2 and hyperlipidemia * bmi 28-29.9 kg / m2 and hepatic steatosis * bmi 28-29.9 kg / m2 and sleep apnea * bmi 28-29.9 kg / m2 and polycystic ovary syndrome exclusion criteria: * severe mental illness * ongoing or suspected eating disorder * pregnancy * breastfeeding * cancer in active treatment * use of drugs for weight loss * weight loss treatment during the past 6 months * active abuse of alcohol or drugs * not being able to express themselves in swedish in speech and writing * if the study supervisor deems that participation in the study is inappropriate for another reason.
evaluation of the vaccination coverage of cirrhotic patients followed in the general hospitals in france in 2021

Conditions: Cirrhosis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to estimate vacinal coverage against hepatitis a and b viruses, pneumococcus, diphtheria/tetanos and poliomyelitis, influenza virus and covid in cirrhotic patients followed in general hospitals of france and to show the

cirrhosis is a serious liver disease very common in france, affecting nearly 200,000 people. these patients have an impaired immune response. they are, therefore, more frequently prone to bacterial, viral and fungal infections and these are more severe with high mortality. 30-50% of cirrhotics admitted to a hospital ward have sepsis, with pneumococcal bacterial infections being particularly severe. the risk of developing seasonal influenza is 5.7 times higher in cirrhotics with a risk of mortality multiplied by 169. covid19 infection is responsible for a very high mortality (34%) in case of severe resuscitation form. acute infections with hepatitis a (hav) and b (hbv) viruses frequently lead to worsening liver failure decompensating to cirrhosis, and sometimes life-threatening fulminant hepatitis. finally, chronic infection with the hepatitis b virus combined with another etiology of cirrhosis accelerates the course of liver disease and promotes the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. limiting the incidence of viral and bacterial infections in these patients is crucial. the high authority of health (has) published recommendations in 2007 advising patients with cirrhosis vaccinations against hepatitis a and b viruses, influenza and against bacterial pneumococcal infections, confirmed by the high council of public health. there are few data on vaccination coverage among cirrhotic patients. an unpublished french study from 2000 revealed low vaccination rates: 34% for pneumococcus, 55% for influenza, 32 to 42% for the hepatitis b virus and 20 to 38% for the hepatitis a virus. no recent studies have assessed the impact of the has recommendations. the purpose of this study is to estimate vacinal coverage against hepatitis a and b viruses, pneumococcus, diphtheria/tetanos and poliomyelitis, influenza virus and covid in cirrhotic patients followed in general hospitals of france

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patient * histologically proven or asserted cirrhosis on a combination of clinical, biological, endoscopic and radiological criteria * follow-up of cirrhosis \> 6 months * subject informed of the study and not having objected to it. exclusion criteria: * immunosuppression not related to liver disease: hiv, variable common immune deficiency, chemotherapy, anatomical splenectomy, immunosuppressive treatments for non-hepatic disease * vaccine contraindication.

Keywords: vaccinal coverage vaccination cirrhosis cirrhotic covid hepatitis b hepatitis a influenzae virus pneumococcus tetanus poliomyelitis
different concentrations of bupivacaine in erector spinae plane block in hip surgeries

Conditions: Postoperative Pain

Summary: the prevalence of hip replacement surgery is increasing nowadays. patients are usually older age and suffer from comorbidities may be an anesthetic and analgesic challenge. erector spinae plane block (espb) is a newly described technique that is has been demonstrated in previous studies for chronic and acute pain treatment. the exact volume and concentration of local anesthetic (la) to be used in espb is not well established.

aim of the work is to compare the analgesic effects of three different concentrations of the same volume of local anesthetics; 30 ml of 0.50% vs 0.375% vs 0.25% bupivacaine in patients undergoing hip surgeries. prospective randomized double blinded study that will be conducted in at kasr el-ainy hospital orthopedic surgical theater. patients, undergoing hip surgeries will be randomly allocated into three equal groups, each (n=44), using computerized generated random tables 1. group f: 44 patients will receive single shot erector spinae block at the level of l4 with 30 ml 0.50% bupivacaine. 2. group m: 44 patients will receive single shot erector spinae block at the level of l4 with 30 ml 0.375% bupivacaine. 3. group h: 44 patients will receive single shot of erector spinae block at the level of l4with 30ml 0.25% bupivacaine .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * both genders (males and females). * type of surgery; unilateral elective hip surgeries * physical status asa i, ii. * age ≥ 18 and ≤ 65 years. * body mass index (bmi): \> 20 kg/m2 and \< 35 kg/m2. exclusion criteria: * patients with known sensitivity or contraindication to drug used in the study (local anesthetics, opioids). * history of psychological disorders and/or chronic pain. * contraindication to regional anesthesia e.g. local sepsis, pre- existing peripheral neuropathies and coagulopathy. * infection of the skin at the site of needle puncture area. * patient refusal. * severe respiratory or cardiac disorders. * advanced liver or kidney disease. * pregnancy. * patient with surgery duration more than two hours.
the role of autoimmunity and obesity in polycystic ovary syndrome

Conditions: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Summary: the goal of the study is to detect autoantibodies in the serum of the women with pcos and evaluate the obesity markers to investigate the the role of autoimmunity and obesity in pcos


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients diagnosed with pcos according to the rotterdam (2003) criteria. exclusion criteria: * patients with other causes of hyperandrogenism as congenital adrenal hyperplasia, androgen-secreting tumors, cushing's syndrome, hyperprolactinemia, virilizing ovarian or adrenal tumors and those taking drugs affecting insulin resistance, such as estrogens, oral contraceptives and corticosteroids during the previous three months before the study.

Keywords: autoimmunity obesity polycystic ovary syndrome
lateral invagination of the colorectal anastomosis by double stapling

Conditions: Anastomotic Leak; Sigmoid Diseases

Summary: anastomotic dehiscence is the most feared complication in colorectal surgery, occurring in 6.3% -13.7% in patients with pelvic anastomoses \[1-4\]. this complication significantly increases morbidity, mortality, costs, and generates a greater impact on quality of life. in addition, several studies point to an increased risk of locoregional recurrence \[5, 6\]. there are different risk factors for anastomotic dehiscence: some preoperative, such as malnutrition or obesity \[9\]; other intraoperative ones, such as hypoperfusion of the anastomotic tissue or the anastomotic technique; and others postoperative, such as some types of medication \[7\]. in colorectal anastomoses, there is some concern about the safety of the double stapling technique, since the extremes of the linear suture line (called "dog ears") and the number of staple lines have a direct relationship with the risk of dehiscence \[8-11\]. with the aim of reducing suture dehiscence rates, different intraoperative techniques have been developed, such as reinforcing the anastomosis with stitches, the use of indocyanine green \[12, 13\] or the application of anastomotic sealants \[14\], without finding a definitive solution. recently, benefits have been published of using the double-staple colorectal anastomosis lateral invagination technique, with the aim of avoiding "dog ears" \[15-17\]. several case series and retrospective comparative studies have shown a significant decrease in anastomotic dehiscence using this technique, with all the clinical and economic benefits that this entails \[15-17\]. in this sense, the present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the lateral invagination technique of double-staple colorectal anastomosis in a randomized and controlled trial.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age\> 18 years * indication of resection of the left colon, sigmoid or upper rectum * minimally invasive approach * open surgery approach * double staple colorectal anastomosis * signed informed consent for inclusion in the study exclusion criteria: * patients \<18 years * pregnancy * asa\> iii * absolute contraindication for anesthesia * patients who receive more than 1 gastrointestinal anastomosis during the same procedure * planned multi-organ resection during the same procedure * urgent / emergent surgery * reinforced anastomosis after positive intraoperative leak test * patients with simultaneous application of debulking and hipec * crohn's disease or active ulcerative colitis

Keywords: anastomotic leak doubled-stapled anastomosis
the rime study - combined occipital and supraorbital transcutaneous nerve stimulation for treatment of migraine

Conditions: Acute Migraine

Summary: this study will evaluate the clinical performance and safety of a self administered abortive treatment for migraine headache using combined occipital and supraorbital transcutaneous nerve stimulator (neurolief device, relivion®)

the relivion® is a non-invasive transcutaneous neuro-stimulator is indicated for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in subjects 18 years of age or older. the relivion® is intended to be a prescription device, self-used at home.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subjects 18 years of age and older. 2. subject meets the ichd (international classification of headache disorders)-3 (2018) diagnostic criteria for migraine with or without aura. 3. subject reports 1-6 migraine attacks per month; other headaches no more than 6 days per month. 4. subject is willing to and capable of complying with the specified study requirements, provided written informed consent, can complete the electronic diaries, and can be contacted by telephone. exclusion criteria: 1. subject having received botox treatment in the head region in the prior 3 months. 2. subject having received supraorbital or occipital nerve blocks in the prior month. 3. past 6 months of chronic migraine, new daily persistent headache, and chronic tension-type headache per ichd-3 (2018) diagnostic criteria. 4. current medication overuse headache. 5. use of opioid medications in the prior 1 month. 6. use of barbiturates in the prior 1 month. 7. subject has \>10 headache days per month 8. implanted metal/shrapnel or electrical devices in the head (not including dental implants), a cardiac pacemaker or an implanted or wearable defibrillator. 9. received parenteral infusions for migraine within the previous 2 weeks. 10. subject has known uncontrolled epilepsy. 11. history of neurosurgical interventions 12. subject with implanted neurostimulators, surgical clips (above the shoulder line) or any medical pumps. 13. current drug abuse or alcoholism. 14. subject is participating in any other clinical study. 15. skin lesion or inflammation at the region of the stimulating electrodes. 16. personality or somatoform disorder. 17. pregnancy or lactation. 18. women with child bearing potential without medically acceptable method of contraception (note: females of child bearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test). 19. documented history of cerebrovascular event. 20. subject with recent brain or facial trauma (occurred less than 3 months prior to this study). 21. subject participated in a previous study with the relivion device. 22. the subject does not have the basic cognitive and motor skills needed to operate a smartphone. 23. subject with head circumference smaller than 51 centimeters or head circumference larger than 60 centimeters 24. subject with other significant pain problem that in the opinion of the investigator may confound the study assessments.
drug transport in patients with anorexia nervosa

Conditions: Anorexia Nervosa

Summary: the aim of this study is to investigate whether patients with anorexia nervosa have elevated plasma cholesterol levels and, if elevated plasma cholesterol levels influence drug transport by the abc-transporter p-gp (p-glycoprotein, mdr 1/abcb1). we will isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) and total rna from the blood of patients with anorexia nervosa and healthy subjects as control. pbmcs will be used for quantitative cholesterol determination and for measuring the activity of p-gp using a facs (fluorescence-activated cell sorting) method (rhodamine123 efflux). total rna will be used for quantitative expression analysis of p-gp by reverse transcriptase real time pcr.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: diagnosis anorexia nervosa according to dsm-iv (diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. washington, dc) refusal to gain weight to or over a minimal normal weight (bmi \< 17,5 kg/m²) fear of gaining weight despite underweight exclusion criteria: contraindication for taking blood samples (haemoglobin \< 8,5 g/dl) medication which could influence the lipid metabolism (current and the last two months) acute or chronic diseases, particularly malign diseases diseases which could affect the safety of the patients or which could interfere with aims of the study positive pregnancy test excessive alcohol consumption (more than 30 g alcohol per day) or alcohol consumption within two days before sampling blood disability to communicate with the investigator because of linguistic problems or because of a limited mental state inclusion criteria for healthy subjects: age matched with patients with anorexia nervosa (18 years to 30 years) well status of health female negative pregnancy test no clinical relevant diagnosis, particularly no hyperlipoproteinemias (ldl \ 18,0 kg/m² and \< 25 kg/m² exclusion criteria for healthy subjects: medication which could influence the lipid metabolism (current and two months ago inclusively) acute or chronic diseases, particularly malign diseases diseases which could affect the safety of the patients or which could interfere with aims of the study positive pregnancy test excessive alcohol consumption (more than 30 g alcohol per day) or alcohol consumption within two days before sampling blood disability to communicate with the investigator because of linguistic problems or because of a limited mental state

Keywords: anorexia nervosa multidrug resistance cholesterol metabolism
the star prospective clinical series

Conditions: Metastasis to Vertebral Column

Summary: prospective clinical series to gather post tumor ablation clinical outcomes from subjects with painful spinal metastases following targeted radiofrequency ablation (t-rfa) treatment with the star™ tumor ablation system.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the star™ tumor ablation system is indicated for palliative treatment in spinal procedures by ablation of metastatic malignant lesions in a vertebral body. exclusion criteria: * the device is contraindicated in subjects with heart pacemakers, or other electronic device implants. * the device is contraindicated in vertebral body levels c1-7.
comparison between gastric and post pyloric tube feedings in children with bronchiolitis requiring high flow nasal cannula

Conditions: Enteral Feeding in Bronchiolitis

Summary: the purpose of the study is to compare two ways (nasogastric tube (ngt) and nasoduodenal tube (ndt)) to provide nutrition to infants admitted to the hospital for viral bronchiolitis and who require high flow nasal cannula therapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - all admitted patients for bronchiolitis requiring high flow nasal cannula therapy at children's memorial hermann exclusion criteria: * patients with craniofacial abnormalities that prevent tube placement. * patients requiring cpap and mechanical ventilation are also excluded from the study. * patients with past surgeries compromising esophageal sphincter tone such as fundoplication or congenital diaphragmatic hernia surgery are excluded. * patients transferred to and from picu are also excluded from the study.
the relationship of tv viewing to energy balance in adults

Conditions: Obesity; Overweight

Summary: the specific objectives of this project are to: 1. investigate the effects of reducing tv viewing time on energy intake, eating behavior, and energy expenditure in overweight or obese adult subjects, thus providing a basis for evaluating if reducing tv viewing time might be a useful adjunct therapy in obesity prevention and treatment 2. analyze the types of foods eaten in conjunction with tv viewing 3. determine if there is an association between location of tv and bmi.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi between 25-50 * watch at least 3 hours of tv per day or 21 hours per week. * between the ages of 21-65 years. * willing to have study staff enter home several times. * willing to have tv viewing time reduced. exclusion criteria: * live greater than 45 minutes from uvm campus. * enrolled in a weight loss study * pregnant or planning to become pregnant during active study protocol. * breastfeeding for 6 months or less.