Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effect of breathing maneuvers on peripheral glucose metabolism

Conditions: Vagus Nerve Stimulation; Insulin Sensitivity; Deep Breathing Maneuver

Summary: two important mechanisms play a major role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes: insulin resistance of the target tissues and the impaired insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. postprandial factors (such as insulin) are perceived by the human brain and induce signals that regulate glucose metabolism via the parasympathetic nervous system. deep breathing exercise can increase parasympathetic nerve activity. heart rate variability (hrv) in healthy people can be significantly increased by deep breathing maneuvers, indicating a shift from sympathetic activity to parasympathetic activity. the hypothesis is that this postprandial shift results in a change in peripheral glucose metabolism. in turn, the increased parasympathetic activity could potentially result in a change in postprandial insulin sensitivity or secretion. to test this hypothesis, this study investigates the effect of deep breathing exercise versus normal breathing on insulin sensitivity, on insulin secretion, glucose tolerance, resting energy expenditure, and on parasympathetic tone (analysis of heart rate variability).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hba1c \<6.5% * must be able to understand the explanations of the study and the instructions exclusion criteria: * any relevant (according to investigator's judgment) cardiovascular disease * neurological and psychiatric disorders * diabetes mellitus * asthma
effective use of respiratory patterns in the first period of labor in control of maternal anxiety

Conditions: Anxiety

Summary: the effectiveness of breathing exercise on anxiety in women during the first period of labor.

the groups will be randomized into intervention groups, which will be held ventilatory patterns while the control group will receive routine care service. the measurements will be made during the admission, and every 2 hours until the final phase of dilation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * primiparous * first stage of labor exclusion criteria: * multiple gestation; * eclampsia; * pregnancy with a dead fetus; * use of analgesia; * pregnant women with clinical instability; * psychiatric disorders;

Keywords: anxiety breathing exercise labour
should a standard lymphadenectomy include the no. 16 lymph nodes for patients with pancreatic head adenocarcinoma.

Conditions: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Summary: the aim of this study is to determine whether para-aortic lymph nodes(no.16) should be included in the lymphadenectomy during the pancreatoduodenectomy in order to improve the long-term survival of patients with pancreatic head ductal adenocarcinoma.

pancreatic cancer is now raised to the 7th leading cause of death. surgical resection seems to be the unique curative therapy for pancreatic cancer. the pancreaticoduodenectomy is widely performed for the patients with pancreatic head cancer in recent decades. the lymphadenectomy is an indispensible procedure. in 2014, the international study group for pancreatic surgery (isgps) recommended a standard lymphadenectomy should include lymph node stations 5, 6, 8a, 12b1, 12b2, 12c, 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b, 17a, and 17b. however, no consensus was reached on lymph node 16 in particular 16b1. there was no stronge evidence available concerning the impact on survival.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pathologic diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma * signed the informed consents exclusion criteria: * pathologic diagnosis of other pancreatic cancers * pre-operative anti-cancer treatment * recurrence patients * patients with contraindication(hepatic/ respiratory/ renal dysfunction, etc ) * pre operative exam: total bilirubin more than 250µmol/l * ajcc stage iv * operation non radical

Keywords: rct standard lymphadenectomy extended lymphadenectomy pancreaticoduodenectomy
acromegaly - before and after treatment

Conditions: Acromegaly; Growth Hormone Treatment; Sleep Apnea; Cardiovascular Diseases; Bone Diseases

Summary: the aim of the study is to investigate sleep apnea, circulation and metabolism in acromegaly before and after surgery and/or medical treatment.

acromegaly is a rare disease caused by a growth hormone (gh) producing pituitary adenoma. surgery is primary treatment, whereas medical treatment with a somatostatin analogue (sa), which suppresses gh secretion and reduces tumour size, is used when surgery is insufficient or unfeasible. acromegaly is associated with metabolic abnormalities which contributes to an increased morbidity and mortality if left untreated. to which extend these abnormalities reverses after treatment, and if treatment modality influences the outcome, remain elusive. the aim of the study is to investigate sleep apnea, circulation and metabolism in acromegaly before and after surgery and/or medical treatment

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * recently diagnosed with acromegaly * age above 18 * written consent exclusion criteria: - pregnancy
strategies for recovery of dexterity post stroke

Conditions: Stroke With Hemiparesis

Summary: motor learning can be affected by the sensory difficulties that may be experienced as a result of a stroke. this study will help us better understand what kinds of sensory information can help with the re-learning of grasping with the affected hand despite the sensory difficulties produced by the stroke.

the purpose of this study is to develop, refine and test the 'alternate hand training strategy' to facilitate adaptation, repetition and relearning to restore hand function after stroke. the three aims are: to restore adaptation (aim 1), facilitate grasp efficiency and normal directional biases during repetition (aim 2), and enhance the rate of learning to improve hand function and quality of life post stroke (aim 3). hypotheses: we hypothesize that alternate hand training will increase the rate of learning and lead to greater improvement in hand function. the results will inform dosing of therapy for optimal relearning.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ability to read/write in english * age \> 18 yrs * radiologically verified stroke \> 4 months old (3t structural mri) * moderate arm motor impairment (fugl-meyer scale \< 60/66) * ability to reach, grasp and lift the test objects with the affected side as assessed by the pi * willingness to complete all clinical assessments and mri, and comply with training protocols * ability to give informed consent and hippa certificationsplease list all exclusion criteria for study: exclusion criteria: * sensorimotor impairments in the unaffected hand * severe visual or sensory impairment, including neglect on the affected side * significant cognitive dysfunction (score \< 24 on folstein's mini mental status examination) * severe or unstable spasticity on treatment with botulinum toxin or intrathecal baclofen * depression (geriatric depression scale score \<11) * major disability (modified rankin scale \> 4) * previous neurological illness, complicated medical condition, or significant injury to either upper extremity

Keywords: rehabilitation fingers grasp strength hand function motor function post stroke brain infraction biomechanis neuronal plasticity weight-bearing
pd-l1 expression in advanced osteosarcoma

Conditions: Progression; Survival

Summary: the expression level of pd-l1 on tumor cells is a pivotal point which might have some influence on prognosis, especially for those who might use pd-1 or pd-l1 antibody for treatment. the aim of this study is to detect the expression of pd-1 on advaced osteosarcoma patient who might use these antibodies for treatment. all those specimen should be taken by pathologist and confirmed with high tumor cellularity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis confirmed histologically and reviewed centrally; * received surgery in musculoskeletal tumor center of peking university people's hospital with appropriate sample for immunohistochemical staining; * progressing upon prior treatment (completed \>4 weeks before trial entry) consisted of standard high-grade osteosarcoma chemotherapy agents including doxorubicin, cisplatin, high-dose methotrexate, and ifosfamide; metastatic relapsed and unresectable progressive disease (pd); * having measurable lesion according to recist 1.1; * eastern cooperative oncology group performance status 0-1 with a life expectancy \>3 months; * intend to receive anti-pd-1/anti-pd-l1 antibody for therapy. exclusion criteria: * fail to be followed up regularly. * sample disqualification.

Keywords: osteosarcoma refractory to chemotherapy unresectable pd-l1 ventana pd-l1 (sp263)
unlock the secrets of ageing brains through p300 brain-computer interface games

Conditions: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)

Summary: the study will investigate the use of electroencephalography (eeg) in understanding mild cognitive impairment (mci). eeg is commonly used in everyday clinical practice for the assessment of a wide range of neurological disorders. it records the brains spontaneous electrical signals and offers a non-invasive means of visually evaluating brain signals. by analysing these signals, we aim to uncover invaluable insights into cognitive impairments and the ageing brains cognitive processes.

the electroencephalogram (eeg) is widely used in clinical practice to assess various neurological disorders. it records the brains spontaneous electrical activity, providing a non-invasive way to visually examine brain signals. by analysing these signals, we aim to gain valuable insights into cognitive impairments and the cognitive processes of the ageing brain. the p300 is an event-related potential (erp) that serves as a crucial eeg-based biomarker, whose amplitude and latency are key points of research in cognitive impairments. typically elicited by a visual speller, the p300 could be used for the communication through brain-computer interface (bci). a p300-based bci enables communication by detecting the p300 response to specific target letters, allowing users to select letters they wish to spell through interactive interface. in this study, we will recruit 15 elderly participants with mild cognitive impairment (mci) symptoms and 15 controls without mci. we will customise the p300-bci by adjusting the inter-stimulus interval (isi) and the matrix size which is the probability of the target presenting. this will help us investigate how these parameter settings influence the p300 components and the accuracy of the p300-bci in both groups. additionally, this study could help explore the potential of the p300-bci to mitigate mci symptoms and provide evidence for its further development.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. diagnosed with mild cognitive impairments (mci) or mild dementia 2. normal or corrected-to-normal vision 3. can maintain sitting with or without support for around 60 minutes continuously 4. cognitive and language abilities to understand and participate in the study protocol and able to give consent and understand instructions exclusion criteria: 1. severe cognitive impairment that would interfere with their ability to comply with the experimental protocol or provide informed consent 2. pre-existing severe systemic disorders like active cancer, end-stage pulmonary or cardiovascular disease, psychiatric illness including severe alcohol or drug abuse 3. past history of epilepsy- with seizures in last 12 months 4. history of photosensitive epilepsy. 5. allergy to latex

Keywords: brain-computer interface mild cognitive impairment eeg p300 elderly
understanding grid radiation therapy effects on human tumor oxygenation and interstitial pressure to increase translation of solid tumor therapy

Conditions: Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Summary: to estimate the mean and standard deviation (sd) of the post-treatment decreases in the interstitial fluid pressure and hypoxia-specific pet-scan signal from grid-treated tumors in patients with locally advanced squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck. the possible effects of grid radiotherapy on tumor oxygenation levels and interstitial fluid pressure within the tumors will be measured by assessing the trend and statistical significance of the difference in values for each condition obtained prior to and just after grid exposure in each subject enrolled in the study. we expect that there may be a trend for increases in tumor oxygenation and decreases in interstitial fluid pressure which would indicate that more accurately timed additional chemotherapy and radiation therapy would improve overall patient outcomes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 - 80 years of age * karnofsky performance status greater than 70 or ecog ≥ 2 * cytological or histological documentation of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, including the tongue, with a minimum tumor size of 6cm in any dimension. * history of adequate hepatic function (endoscopic or percutaneous drainage as needed): a. ast (sgot) / alt (sgpt) ≤ 5x institutional uln * chemotherapy naive * history of adequate renal and bone marrow function: 1. leukocytes ≥ 3000/ul 2. anc ≥ 1500/ul 3. platelets ≥ 100000/ui 4. serum creatinine ≤ 2.0 mg/dl exclusion criteria: * women with a positive urine pregnancy test are excluded from this study; women of childbearing potential (defined as those who have not undergone a hysterectomy or who have not been postmenopausal for at least 24 consecutive months) must agree to refrain from breast feeding and practice adequate contraception as specified in the informed consent. adequate contraception consists of oral contraceptive, implantable contraceptives, injectable contraceptives, a double barrier method, or abstinence * subjects with active infections such as pneumonia, or wound infections that would preclude study procedures * subjects with known presence of central nervous system or brain metastases * subjects with prior radiotherapy to the head and neck region * subjects will be excluded if deemed unable to comply with study procedures

Keywords: carcinoma cancer head neck otolaryngology
a phase 1 dose escalation study of the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of ipilimumab in chinese subjects with select advanced solid tumors

Conditions: Melanoma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether ipilimumab is effective in the treatment of select advanced (unresectable, metastatic, or recurrent) solid tumors in chinese subjects.


Eligibility criteria:
for more information regarding bms clinical trial participation, please visit www.bmsstudyconnect.com. inclusion criteria: * subjects with the following advanced solid tumors; metastatic or recurrent * must have measurable/non-measurable lesion per response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (recist v1.1) criteria. * subjects have ability to comply with treatment, procedures and pharmacokinetics (pk) sample collection and the required study follow-up * chinese women and men, ages 18 years or older exclusion criteria: * subjects with brain metastases are excluded unless clinically stable for more than 4 weeks at the time of randomization as determined by the investigator * subjects with ocular melanoma are excluded * any other malignancy from which the subject has been free of disease for less than two years, with the exception of adequately treated and cured basal or squamous cell skin cancer, superficial bladder cancer, or carcinoma in situ of the cervix * history of, or currently active, autoimmune diseases, including but not limited to inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune hepatitis, systemic sclerosis (scleroderma and variants), systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune vasculitis, autoimmune neuropathies (eg, guillain-barre syndrome). vitiligo is not excluded * any current or history of immunodeficiency, splenectomy, or splenic radiation other protocol defined inclusion/exclusion criteria could apply
evaluation of fructose ingestion and the renin angiotensin system in humans

Conditions: Chronic Kidney Disease

Summary: fructose is an ingredient that is added to many of our foods. it is a cheaper, sweeter additive that can be found in everything from soda pop to yogurt to granola bars. in the last few years a significant number of studies have been published linking consumption of fructose with obesity, hypertension and more recently, kidney and cardiovascular disease. animal studies show a strong link between excessive ingestion of fructose and the development of kidney and cardiovascular disease mediated by the renin angiotensin system, a hormonal system whose activation is detrimental to both the kidney and the heart. there has been very little research done on the potentially pathophysiological relationship between a high fructose diet and kidney and cardiovascular disease in humans. the investigators hypothesize that ingestion of fructose will result in upregulation of the renin angiotensin system in humans. cardiovascular disease in women is a significant risk factor. by having women participate who are on the birth control pill and as well as women who use non oral forms of birth control or no birth control, kidney function and cardiovascular health can be examined as it relates to in the influence oral hormones might play. how the kidney responds to the influence of sugar and fructose while a woman is on an oral birth control pill, may reveal mechanisms that could help us understand cardiovascular disease in women.

primary aim: to examine whether the physiologic and molecular responses to angiotensin ii (angii) challenge differ in response to fructose intake as assessed by two independent means: 1. the renal and mean arterial pressure (map) response to an angii challenge. 2. reactive changes in circulating levels of renin and aldosterone with graded angii challenge. primary hypotheses: ingestion of fructose in healthy subjects will result in: 1. a decrease in renal and systemic sensitivity to infused angii. 2. a decrease in the reactive changes in renin and aldosterone with graded angii challenge.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age≥18 years, * able to comprehend study and comply with high-salt diet * kidney disease (on the approval of their nephrologist) * on an oral birth control pill and non oral birth control and those not on birth control exclusion criteria: * cardiovascular disease (symptoms consistent with myocardial ischemia, previously documented myocardial ischemia, cardiac arrhythmias or valve abnormalities, or abnormal ecg at screening) * cerebrovascular disease (transient ischemic attacks or stroke) * hypertension (bp\>140/90 or use of antihypertensive medications) * diabetes mellitus (defined by history, use of hypoglycemic agents or a fasting glucose \>7mmol/l) * hyperlipidemia (ldl \>4.5mmol/l or use of lipid-lowering agents) * pregnancy

Keywords: human fructose dextrose renin angiotensin system kidney renal hemodynamics
effect of methyldopa on uterine artery diameter in pregnant women with mild preeclampsia

Conditions: Pregnant Women With Mild Preeclampsia

Summary: the present study examined the effects of methyldopa on uterine artery diameter, uterine artery blood flow, umbilical artery and fetal middle-cerebral artery in patients with preeclampsia, using doppler ultrasound.


Eligibility criteria:
they met the inclusion criteria, if they had over 25 weeks of gestational age, no history of chronic hypertension, no diabetes mellitus, no chronic systemic diseases, no collagen vascular diseases and antiphospholipid syndromes, no use of antihypertensive drugs and bmi higher than 19 and lower than 30 (kg/m2).
development and use of a tissue and human enteroid biorepository to study the pathophysiology of nec

Conditions: Enterocolitis, Necrotizing; Prematurity; Gastrointestinal Disease

Summary: despite a greater understanding of nec physiopathology, modest progress has been done in terms of intervention and prevention of the disease over the past three decades, being the mortality rate unchanged. investigators intend to leverage our knowledge and technical expertise developed with fetal enteroids to further investigate the processes leading to nec by deriving and performing functional studies on human intestinal enteroids generated from intestinal resection for therapeutic reasons in nec and non-nec patients 1. generate a tissue biorepository composed of: enteroids and other lamina propria cells 2. comparative studies of the gene expression profile of tissue, epithelial enteroids and underlying lamina propria of nec, non-nec, hypoxic and non-hypoxic infants 3. in vitro functional studies for the evaluation of critical factors in nec pathophysiology 4. in vitro functional studies to identify the activation of processes leading to intestinal epithelium necroptosis and/or apoptosis in bacteria challenged and hypoxic conditions 5. correlative studies of the impact of perinatal variables on the intestinal barrier functionality at baseline and challenged with pathogens 6. in vitro comparison of the intestinal barrier functionality in infants complicated by condition of prenatal hypoxia versus non hypoxic infants 7. validation the nec enteroids as an in vitro model for the identification of treatments and prevention of nec


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infants, with a postconceptional age below 44 weeks of gestation, undergoing a clinically indicated intervention of partial intestinal resection while hospitalized at the nicu of the fondazione irccs cà granda ospedale maggiore policlinico. exclusion criteria: * infants presenting a devastating damage of the intestine
accelerating colorectal cancer screening through implementation science in appalachia

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer

Summary: this project aims to implement a multi-level group randomized trial, delayed intervention that includes components targeting clinics, providers, patients, and the community to increase colorectal cancer (crc) screening, follow-up, and referral-to-care among patients age 50-74 in 12 counties in appalachian kentucky and ohio. the 12 counties will be assigned to one of two study groups (early vs. delayed) and outcome measures (rate of crc screening) will be obtained from clinic-level electronic health record data and a county-level behavioral assessment telephone survey. the hypothesis for the project is that the multi-level intervention will increase the clinic and county level crc screening rates.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 50-74 * all races, sexes and genders * resident of the study area exclusion criteria: .no exclusions based on gender, race or ethnicity