Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
electrolyte profile, nutritional status and ileostomy formation.

Conditions: Colorectal Resection; Ileostomy

Summary: one of the main reasons for hospital readmission in ileostomy patients is fluid and electrolyte abnormalities. prospective observational studies have suggested an occurrence rate of around 20%. due to colonic exclusion ileostomy patients lose large amounts of sodium and fluid through their stoma effluent. in addition studies have shown that ileostomy construction is a risk factor for renal impairment, occurring secondary to dehydration. encouraging patients to increase total fluid intake seems to be a common mistake in clinical practice as this can dilute sodium levels even more, causing greater sodium depletion. in terms of addressing the problem a few small studies have used isotonic drinks of various compositions showing increased electrolyte absorption. other dietary complications sometimes include hypomagnesaemia and decreased absorption of b-12 and folic acid, however due to the integrity of the small intestine other nutrient malabsorption is unlikely to occur. as far as body composition is concerned obesity has been shown to be a risk factor for peri- and postoperative complications in colorectal surgery (e.g. peristomal dermatitis, stoma stenosis and prolapse). a prospective trial examining measures that can prevent readmission for dehydration and other nutritional considerations related to this group of patients is definitely required. hypothesis: the administration of an oral rehydration solution will allow a significant decrease in dehydration and electrolyte abnormality rates in patients with a temporary ileostomy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male of female patients of more than 18 years of age * patients who have undergone a rectosigmoidectomy procedure resulting or not in an ileostomy formation exclusion criteria: * short bowel syndrome * diabetic ketoacidosis * chronic renal failure * hepatic/cardiac failure * diabetes insipidus * diuretic medication * corticosteroid medication

Keywords: ileostomy colorectal resection dehydration nutritional status
prevention of ileus after gynecologic surgery using chewing gum

Conditions: Ileus

Summary: this study will attempt to determine if the use of chewing gum can cause the early return of bowel function after gynecologic surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all female patients 18 years of age or older undergoing surgery for any gynecologic procedure which the peritoneum is entered and general anesthesia is administered. * disease state will not affect inclusion in the study. women with previous surgeries or other medical conditions will be included as will those undergoing an initial operation. exclusion criteria: * patient deemed legally incompetent to sign their own consent * women under the age of 18 * patients lacking their own or a false set of teeth

Keywords: ileus, gynecologic surgery, post-operative, flatus
craniofacial morphology and sella turcica bridging associated with third molar agenesis.

Conditions: Tooth Agenesis

Summary: the aim of this retrospective study is to analyze the third molar agenesis with respect to sella turcica bridging and other craniofacial patterns in patients asking for orthodontic consultation. the main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: * is there a relationship between third molar agenesis and sella turchina bridging? * is there a relationship between third molar agenesis and craniofacial patterns?

patients referring for orthodontic consultation at the unit of orthodontics and pediatric dentistry, section of dentistry, department of clinical, surgical, diagnostic and pediatric sciences, university of pavia, 27100 pavia, italy, will be enrolled for the study according to the inclusion criteria. for each patient, lateral cephalometric radiograph and panoramic radiograph will be performed. for each lateral cephalometric radiograph, a cephalometric tracing will be performed with deltadent software (version 2.5.12, outside format, pandino, italy). riedel's anb angle \[riedel 1952\] has been chosen to determine patients' skeletal class. steiner's sn\^gogn angle \[steiner 1953\] has been chosen to evaluate skeletal divergence. facial axis (bana\^ccgn), lower facial height (lfh) and mandibular plan angle (fh\^gome) from rickett's analysis \[rickett's 1961\] have been adopted to determine facial growth. according to jaraback's cephalometric analysis \[jaraback 1985\], saddle angle, articular angle, upper gonial angle, lower gonial angle will be measured to assess the growth pattern. linear measurements of sella depth, sella diameter and interclinoid distance \[silverman 1957; kisling 1966\] will be calculated. linear regressions between craniofacial patterns, sella turcica bridging and third molar agenesis will be calculated. a control group with no third molar agenesis will be provided.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * g stage of demirjian's classification for third molar maturation or absence of third molar germs * patients with one lateral cephalometric digital radiograph executed in natural head position (patients were asked to keep the teeth in contact and the lips relaxed). * patients with panoramic radiograph; exclusion criteria: * ascertained previous surgical extraction/s of third molar/s * orthopedic/orthodontic therapy * orthognathic surgery.
efficacy of liposomal bupivacaine for prolonged postoperative analgesia in patient undergoing breast reconstruction with tissue expander

Conditions: Pain, Postoperative; Mammaplasty

Summary: patients undergoing breast reconstruction with tissue expanders will be treated with a local anesthetic during their procedure and monitor their post-operative pain level and amount of oral pain medication taken. this information will be used to determine if liposomal bupivacaine provides better and longer pain control vs. bupivacaine hcl.

fifty consecutive (25 per arm) patients undergoing unilateral or bilateral breast reconstruction with tissue expanders will be administered intraoperatively in a standardized manner with either bupivicaine hcl (control group) or liposomal bupivacaine/exparel (experimental group). pain will be assessed qualitatively through the use of: 1) numeric rating scale during rest (nrs-r) and activity (nrs-a), 2) brief pain inventory (bpi) questionnaire, and 3) postoperative analgesia patient satisfaction scale. furthermore, investigators will record the use of rescue analgesics for each patient. this part of the study will provide quantitative data that investigators can then use in comparison to the qualitative measurements (nsr, bpi, patient satisfaction scale rate). in turn, this will allow us to objectify patient's pain, thereby increasing the validity of our results. more importantly, this aspect of the investigation will enable us to study the impact that liposomal bupivacaine has in reducing the postoperative usage of opioid medications in this patient population. as this is a pilot study, a sample size of 50 total patients (25 per treatment group) is planned. this sample size should provide estimates of potential effect sizes and variability in the present setting to allow for future study planning. this study should provide adequate evidence of whether pain decreases of 15% or more are unlikely in this setting. investigators aim to evaluate the effectiveness of depofoam bupivicaine (exparel®) to reduce postoperative pain in breast reconstruction patients compared to the current standard treatment (bupivacaine hcl). investigators hypothesize that patients undergoing breast reconstruction with tissue expander will achieve greater control of post-operative pain and longer lasting analgesia with the use of liposomal bupivacaine.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * undergoing breast reconstruction with tissue expander exclusion criteria: * history of adverse reaction to local anesthesia * chronic liver disease * history of chronic preoperative consumption of narcotics or opioids * history of alcohol and/or illicit drug dependence * undergoing combined procedures * diagnosed with neuromuscular/neurosensory disorder * positive pregnancy test * previous breast conservation therapy (lumpectomy with radiation treatment * previous surgeries or trauma in the breast or chest region (denervation may bias pain perception) * axillary node dissection * psychosis.
perioperative homocysteine and postoperative complications/all-cause mortality in elderly non-cardiac surgery patients

Conditions: Elderly; Homocysteinemia; AKI - Acute Kidney Injury; Mortality; Postoperative

Summary: this study aims to explore the association between perioperative homocysteine (hcy) levels and their pre-to-postoperative changes with postoperative complications and all-cause mortality in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. besides, the dynamic changes in hcy levels may reflect metabolic shifts, highlighting their potential value in predicting adverse postoperative outcomes. these findings suggest that monitoring perioperative hcy levels and their changes could help identify high-risk patients and inform postoperative management strategies.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hospitalized older (≥ 65 years) patients underwent non-cardiac surgery exclusion criteria: * 21227 patients without preoperative hcy data * 957 patients undergoing neurosurgery * 3 patients call off the surgery for reasons * 164 patients with chronic kidney disease
androgel in men with major depression and incomplete response to antidepressant treatment

Conditions: Depressive Disorder, Major

Summary: we hypothesize that androgel may offer some relief to subjects with low or borderline testosterone levels who suffer from depression and have failed to respond to a trial of a standard antidepressant. during this nine week, outpatient, double-blind study, male subjects between the ages of 30 and 65 years with treatment-refractory depression and low or borderline low testosterone levels will be treated with either androgel or placebo. following this nine week, double-blind phase, eligible subjects will have the option to continue into a six month, open-label phase during which time all subjects will receive the androgel patch.

we will recruit 100 men between the ages of 30 and 65 years who have treatment-refractory depression and low or borderline low testosterone levels for participation in this study. for a period of nine weeks subjects will receive double-blind treatment with either androgel (testosterone gel) or placebo. during this double-blind treatment phase subjects will come to mclean hospital for a total of seven visits. both clinical assessments (including ratings of your levels of depression and anxiety, quality of life, and visuospatial memory)and laboratory tests will be performed at these visits. following the nine week, double-blind phase, eligible subjects may enter into a six month, open-label treatment phase in which all subject receive androgel. if you participate in the open-label phase, you will be asked to return to the site for 8 visits during the six month period.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male * 30-65 years old * taking at least one serotonergic antidepressant at adequate dose for at least six weeks but still meeting dsm-iv criteria for major depressive disorder within the past year * ham-d score \>12 exclusion criteria: * current suicidal ideation * substance abuse or dependence within the past year * current or past psychotic symptoms * a history of bipolar disorder * a prostate-specific antigen (psa) level greater than 4.0 ng/ml * other clinically significant medical condition * a history of failing to show any clinically significant response to two or more adequate trials of different antidepressants.
analysis of arterial waveforms and oxygen pressure during supervised exercise for peripheral artery disease

Conditions: Peripheral Arterial Disease

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to assess the evolution of oxygen pressure and arterial waveform during supervised exercise therapy in patients with peripheral arterial disease. the main questions it aims to answer are: * can a significant increase in oxygen pressure be observed at 3 weeks? * can a significant increase of oxygen pressure or arterial waveform be observed at 3, 6 or 9 weeks?

peripheral arterial disease (pad) is a frequent pathology that affects more than 200 million people worldwide, more than 800,000 in france, and is mainly of atheromatous origin. the prevalence of this disease in france is estimated at 11% in people over 40 years of age, with an annual additional cost of €11,000 per patient. supervised exercise therapy (set) is the first-line treatment for intermittent claudication pad for at least 3 months, although 15-20% of patients will not benefit from this therapy. ankle-brachial index, the main diagnostic and monitoring tool for pad, is not altered during set. transcutaneous oximetry (tcpo2) has been used for many years in the diagnosis of chronic permanent ischaemia, in the choice of amputation level and more recently in the diagnosis of proximal pad. no studies have investigated the evolution and predictive value of exercise tcpo2 in this context of set. the assessment of arterial doppler waveform using an objective classification has also never been performed in the specific context of set. . the goal of this observational study is to assess the evolution of oxygen pressure and arterial waveform during supervised exercise therapy in patients with peripheral arterial disease. the main questions it aims to answer are: * can a significant increase in oxygen pressure be observed at 3 weeks? * can a significant increase of oxygen pressure or arterial waveform be observed at 3, 6 or 9 weeks. the perspective is to predict the effectiveness of set in terms of maximum walking distance.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pad with intermittent claudication * set prescribed * abi \< 0.9 * beneficiary of french health care insurance exclusion criteria: * pad with rest ischemia * chronic respiratory failure * acute decompensated disease * lower limb prosthesis * pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers * place of residence more than 100 km from caen university hospital

Keywords: peripheral arterial disease supervised exercise therapy arterial waveform transcutaneous oxygen pressure
cardiovascular effects of exercise-related hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes (hypo heart exercise)

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Arrhythmia

Summary: patients with type 1 diabetes are recommended to perform at least 150 minutes of accumulated physical activity each week, however fear of hypoglycaemia is a well-known barrier to exercise in these patients. previous experimental studies have almost exclusively focused on investigating cardiovascular effects of hypoglycaemia under resting conditions, however other underlying circumstances prior to or during a hypoglycaemic event, (e.g. exercise) are rarely discussed in the literature but might, nevertheless, be of significant clinical importance. in this study, the investigators aim to investigate the qt interval dynamics and prothrombotic factors during exercise-related hypoglycaemia in comparison with hypoglycaemia under resting conditions, in patients with type 1 diabetes. fifteen patients with type 1 diabetes will be recruited for a crossover study including two test days, a combined euglycaemic- hypoglycaemic clamp combined with an exercise session and an euglycaemic- hypoglycaemic clamp during bed rest, respectively. furthermore, the participants will be schedueled for a 24-hours followup visit after each test day for the purpose of investigating prolonged prothrombotic effects of hypoglycaemia. patients will be randomised 1:1 to start with the combined exercise-clamp or the resting-clamp. the two test days will be separated by at least 4 weeks to minimise carry-over effects. a group of fifteen healthy individuals with normal glucose tolerance matched for age, gender and body mass index, will be recruited for a single blood test aiming to compare baseline coagulation status with patients with type 1 diabetes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * informed and written consent * type 1 diabetes diagnosed according to the criteria of the world health organization (who) * age ≥ 18 years * insulin treatment for ≥1 year exclusion criteria: * arrhythmia diagnosed prior to the screening visit. * ischaemic heart disease or myocardial infarction diagnosed prior to the screening visit. * implantable cardioverter defibrillator (icd) or pacemaker at the time of inclusion * heart failure (left ventricular ejection fraction \<45%) diagnosed prior to the screening visit. * structural heart disease (wolf-parkinson-white syndrome, congenital heart disease, severe valve disease) * ecg with left or right bundle branch block diagnosed prior to the screening visit. * thyroid dysfunction (except for well-regulated levothyroxine-substituted myxoedema) * anaemia (male: haemoglobin \<8.0; female: haemoglobin \<7.0 mmol/l) * treatment with anticoagulant or antiplatelet treatment. * bleeding disorder diagnosed prior to the screening visit. withdrawal criteria - the participants may withdraw at will at any time

Keywords: type 1 diabetes cardiovascular disease hypoglycaemia exercise-related hypoglycaemia
verifying the specificity of a new method in predicting lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer patients

Conditions: Early Gastric Cancer; Lymph Node Metastases

Summary: early gastric cancer is defined as gastric cancer that only invades mucosal or submucosal layer. the 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer can exceed 90% due to appropriate treatment. the most important consideration is whether there is lymph node metastasis. preoperative examination including gastroscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography (eus) and ct are not accurate enough to predict lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. in a retrospective study, we created a nomogram to predict lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. in prospective validation, the sensitivity and specificity of the nomogram was 75% and 91%, respectively. sentinel lymph node is a promising concept in early gastric cancer. using carbon nanoparticles as tracer, the sensitivity and specificity of sentinel lymph node predicting lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer were 90% and 100%. based on these results, we proposed a new method that combines the nomogram and sentinel lymph node to predict lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer. first, the probability of lymph node metastasis of early gastric cancer patients is calculated by the nomogram. those with low incidence of lymph node metastasis continue to the sentinel lymph node procedure. a patient will be considered non lymph node metastasis if his/her frozen pathology of the sentinel lymph nodes is negative during the surgery. then the standard radical gastrectomy is performed with lymphadenectomy. by comparing postoperative pathology and sentinel lymph node frozen pathology, the specificity of nomogram combining sentinel lymph node predicting lymph node metastasis in early gastric patients is calculated. the primary endpoint of this research is that the specificity of the above-mentioned method is over 95%.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed as gastric cancer by gastroscopy * pathologically confirmed as adenocarcinoma * ages between 18 and 80 * gastroscopy, abdominal enhanced ct and eus completed * clinical stage t1n0m0 * the score of the nomogram less than 110 * potential resectable gastric cancer * signed informed consent exclusion criteria: * absolute indication for endoscopic submucosal dissection (esd) * tumor located in esophagogastric junction (egj) * accepted adjuvant therap * pregnant or breast feeding * history of upper abdominal surgery (laparoscopic cholecystectomy not included) * history of gastric surgery * emergency surgery such as perforation or obstruction * other contraindication such as dysfunction of heart, lung, kidney
the effect of anaesthesia depth on oculo-cardiac reflex

Conditions: Strabismus; Anesthesia, General

Summary: this study was designed to determine the effect of the depth of anesthesia on the oculocardiac reflex (ocr) during pediatric strabismus surgery.

the oculo-cardiac reflex (ocr) is a trigeminovagal reflex which is started by the stimulus on the extra-ocular muscle and may lead to serious bradycardia or arrhythmia in the patients during strabismus surgery. it is presumed that the depth of anesthesia is one of the influencing factor on the ocr. but the clinical trials which are evaluating the relationship between the anesthesia depth and ocr are scarce. the main objective of this study is to determine the impact of the depth of anaesthesia that is adjusted with the bispectral index (bis) monitor on the incidence of ocr in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * physical status asa (american society of anesthesiologists) i * scheduled for elective strabismus surgery under general anesthesia * aged between 3-16 years exclusion criteria: * have a neurological or cardiovascular disease * receiving antiepileptic or another medications known to affect eeg or ecg

Keywords: reflex, oculocardiac monitoring, intraoperative
study of patients receiving dupixent® for atopic dermatitis (ad)

Conditions: Dermatitis, Atopic

Summary: a long-term observational registry in patients with atopic dermatitis (ad) initiating treatment with dupixent® (dupilumab)

this is a prospective observational study conducted to (1) characterize the patients who receive dupixent® for ad in a real world setting with respect to their medical history, socio-demographic and disease characteristics, and prior and concomitant treatments of ad; (2) characterize real world use patterns of dupixent® for ad (eg, most commonly used regimens by line of therapy, reason for initiation of new treatments, concomitant therapies, treatment durations and reasons for discontinuation and/or switching); (3) assess the long-term effectiveness of dupixent® in ad patients in a real world setting; (4) assess comorbid atopic conditions, patterns of use and effects of treatment in comorbid atopic conditions in patients who receive dupixent® for ad; and (5) collect safety data on study participants

Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * male or female, 12 years of age or older at the baseline visit. note: adolescent patients (at least 12 years old, but less than 18 years) are eligible in the us or canada only after dupixent receives the respective country's regulatory approval for use in this age group. * initiating treatment with dupixent® as standard-of-care for ad according to the country-specific prescribing information (note: participants will be screened when they received their initial prescription for dupixent®). * willing and able to comply with study-related activities. * able to understand and complete study-related questionnaires. * provide signed informed consent or parental/legal guardian consent plus patient assent, where applicable. key exclusion criteria: * patients who have a contraindication to the drug according to the country-specific prescribing information label. * any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with patient's ability to participate in the study, such as short life expectancy, substance abuse, severe cognitive impairment, or other co-morbidities that can predictably prevent the patient from adequately completing the schedule of visits and assessments. * prior use of dupilumab within 6 months of the screening visit, or within 6 months of the baseline visit if screening and baseline occur on the same day. note: other protocol defined inclusion/exclusion criteria apply.

Keywords: eczema