Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
lung expansion technics on chest wall mechanics and preventing pulmonary complication after abdominal surgery

Conditions: Surgical Procedure, Unspecified

Summary: the lung expansion techniques are widely used to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications. however, the effect of each technique on thoracoabdominal mechanics after abdominal surgery and if it influences the rate of postoperative pulmonary complications remains unknown. the investigators hypothesis is that the lung expansion technique that more increases lung volume after abdominal surgery, will be the most efficient in preventing postoperative pulmonary complication after abdominal surgery. the investigators objectives will be to compare the effect of different lung expansion techniques on lung volumes and activation of inspiratory muscle, and prevention of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery. this study will involve 171 patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery. patients will be randomly divided into 5 groups: no therapy group (n=35), continuous positive airway pressure (cpap, n=34); volumetric incentive spirometry (vis, n=34); flow oriented incentive spirometry (fis, n=33) and deep breathing (db, n=35). the thoracoabdominal mechanics will be assessed before and 3 days after surgery. complications will be evaluated by a researcher who did not know to which group each patient belongs.

the assessments performed were thoracoabdominal kinematics (by optoelectronic pletysmography)and respiratory muscles activity (by surface electromyography). the follow pulmonary complications were considered: pneumonia, tracheobronchitis, atelectasis and acute respiratory failed

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * candidates for elective upper abdominal surgery expected to last longer than 120 minutes * absent of spine or thoracic deformity * no previous lung parenchyma resection * no tracheostomy * able to understand and perform the maneuvers proposed. exclusion criteria: * cancellation of surgery * mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours in the postoperative period * need for chest tube use * postoperative cardiac complications * surgical complication * reoperation

Keywords: general surgery postoperative care breathing exercises respiratory muscle postoperative complications lung volume measurements pulmonary ventilations thoracic wall
clinical study on the treatment of lower respiratory tract infection with pseudomonas aeruginosa by ceftazidime and avibatam

Conditions: MDRPA

Summary: multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria (mdr-gnb) is emerging globally as a pathogen of concern in healthcare-associated infections (hais), and a threat to public health.there has been an alarming rise in the prevalence of mdr-gnb infections globally over the last decade.multidrug-resistant or carbapenem-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa (mdrpa or crpa) are one of the major pathogens in the hospital setting,and are particularly challenging due to limited therapeutic options,associated with high mortality rates.ceftazidime/avibactam(caz/avi) combines the anti-pseudomonal cephalosporin ceftazidime and the novel non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor avibactam,which are now available for the treatment of mdr-gnb infections and favorable outcomes have been reported in hospitalized patients with carbapenem-resistant enterobacterales (cre).however, there are only few publications available with a small sample size limit, focusing on the efficacy of caz/avi for the treatment of crpa or mdrpa infections.therefore, a retrospective analysis was conducted to compare the clinical efficacy and microbiological efficacy of caz/avi versus other antibiotics for the treatment of mdrpa infections.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with mdrpa infection diagnosed by clinicians * patients treated with anti-pseudomonas aeruginosa antibiotics for at least 72h * patients older than 18 years old. exclusion criteria: * patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, mental illness, a medication course of less than 72 hours, or incomplete data were excluded.
tele-collaborative outreach to rural patients with chronic pain

Conditions: Chronic Pain

Summary: this is a randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of a remotely delivered collaborative care intervention for chronic pain versus a minimally enhanced control group. the specific aims of the study are: (1) compare the effectiveness of tele-collaborative pain care vs. minimally enhanced usual care to improve pain interference over 12 months of follow-up, and (2) oversample women and rural veterans of minoritized race/ethnicity to test heterogeneity of treatment effects across birth sex and race/ethnicity.

the corps trial is a multisite pragmatic effectiveness trial taking place at four geographically diverse va sites. the corps trial will assess the effectiveness of a nurse-led tele-collaborative pain care intervention (corps) compared to a one-time education session with a nurse (minimally enhanced usual care, or meuc) at improving pain and health outcomes for veterans living in rural areas. this study focuses on management of pain with non-medication services and therapies. veterans who enroll will participate for 12-months and will be randomized to one of 2 groups: 1) corps (with access to a nurse by phone/video for the duration of the study), or 2) one-time education session with the nurse by phone/video to review resources for pain. all participants complete research assessments at the start of the study, and at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months by phone.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * u.s. veteran * rural residence based on rural urban commuting area codes * high impact chronic pain, determined through a phone screening * access to landline or cell phone * english speaking exclusion criteria: * cognitive impairment that would impact participation in the study * plans to move in the next 3 months * surgery in the past 3 months * in long-term inpatient or hospice care * terminal illness (defined as life expectancy of less than 12 months) * active participation in another pain intervention study

Keywords: rural pain cih veteran
a social network approach for improving medication assisted treatment and hiv prevention and medical care among people who inject drugs in ukraine

Conditions: HIV

Summary: the aim of this study is to pilot a peer education for people on medication assisted treatment (mat). people on mat will be trained to be peer educators and provide outreach to the educators social network members who inject drugs, some of whom will be hiv positive.

the, goal of the intervention is to increase medication assisted treatment (mat) uptake and retention in order to enhance as well as hiv medical care and antiretroviral therapy (art) adherence among those social network members who use drugs and those living with hiv who use drugs. the project will quantitatively and qualitatively assess barriers to mat and art uptake and adherence, while using peer educators to promote mat and art among their network members. finally, the project aims to determine the effect size for guiding the planning of larger intervention and the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention for hiv prevention and improvement in hiv-related health outcomes among people living with hiv who inject drugs (plwh pwid). the intervention will be deployed in ukraine, a setting with high hiv incidence rates among pwid, low levels of viral suppression among hiv positive pwid, and low rates of mat uptake.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * on methadone for at least 1 year and rated by the staff as low risk for relapse * report at least 1 drug network member living with hiv, not on methadone, and seen weekly * willing to talk with drug users in their network about medication for drug dependence and accompany them to methadone clinic exclusion criteria: • persons that are currently psychotic, suicidal, or cognitively impaired such that they cannot provide informed consent will be excluded from participation.

Keywords: hiv drug treatment
prevention of iron deficiency in 2nd year of life

Conditions: Iron Deficiency; Anemia

Summary: healthy babies(age 8-18 months) following a routine blood count, with no anemia or iron deficiency, will be randomly placed in two groups. group 1 will receive a 3 months preventive dose of an iron preparation (ferripel 3 iron polysaccharide complex). group 2 will be followed up as a control group. following a nutritional questionnair, parents of all babies will receive instruction regarding appropriate nutrition in the 2nd year of life. a follow-up blood count will be taken from all participating babies 3 months after recruitment. the study aims to evaluate effectiveness of iron supplementation in the 2nd year of life. the hypothesis is that babies who receive iron supplementation in the 2nd year of life are less likely to develop iron deficiency or anemia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy babies without iron deficiency exclusion criteria: * babies with iron deficiency or chronic diseases, premature babies and babies with hereditary hematological disease

Keywords: iron supplementation babies prevention
feasibility of online adaptive radiotherapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer

Conditions: Bladder Cancer

Summary: the principal objective of the trial is to test the hypothesis that online adaptive radiotherapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer is feasible across multiple radiation oncology departments.

this is a single-arm multicentre feasibility trial in which the primary aim is to determine the compliance rate of patients to online adaptive radiotherapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer over multiple australian and new zealand centres. the compliance rate is defined as the proportion of patients successfully completing treatment without a major protocol deviation. subject to the accrual being at least 40 patients in the first 2 years, accrual will continue until a total of 50 patients have been accrued. if this accrual target is not met, then consideration will be given to stopping the trial early due to poor accrual. each patient will be followed-up until 2 years after the last patient's date of accrual. assessments for toxicity and recurrence or progression will take place at four weeks after completion of treatment, then three monthly from the end of treatment for the first 12 months and then 6 monthly thereafter.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 years or older * has provided written informed consent for participation in this trial * histologically confirmed muscle invasive bladder cancer. * transitional cell, squamous cell, adenocarcinoma or mixed histology. stage t2-4 n0 m0. * an ecog performance status score of 2 or less (see appendices). * life expectancy greater than 6 months. * considered suitable for radical radiotherapy. * participants capable of childbearing are using adequate contraception. * radiotherapy must be able to be commenced within 12 weeks of surgery. * available for follow up. exclusion criteria: * women who are pregnant or lactating. * previous pelvic radiotherapy * previous cystectomy * a small contracted bladder * unilateral or bilateral hip replacement * small cell histology * clinical or radiological evidence of nodal or distant metastases * presence of indwelling urinary catheter

Keywords: bladder radiotherapy online adaptive
insync implantable cardioverter defibrillator registry: cardiac resynchronization therapy

Conditions: Heart Failure; Cardiomyopathy

Summary: heart failure is a progressive disease that decreases the pumping action of the heart. this may cause a backup of fluid in the heart and may result in heart beat changes. when there are changes in the heart beat sometimes an implantable heart device is used to control the rate and rhythm of the heart beat. in certain heart failure cases, when the two lower chambers of the heart no longer beat in a coordinated manner, cardiac resynchronization therapy (crt) may be prescribed. crt is similar to a pacemaker. it is placed (implanted) under the skin of the upper chest. crt is delivered as tiny electrical pulses to the right and left ventricles through three or four leads (soft insulated wires) that are inserted through the veins to the heart. people who have a dangerously fast heart beat, or whose heart is at risk of stopping beating, may be in need of an electronic device called an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (icd). an icd is implanted surgically just under the skin in the upper chest area and it sends a strong electrical impulse, or shock, to the heart to return it to a normal rhythm. if the heart is beating too slowly or at an abnormal rhythm, an icd can also pace the heart to return the heart to its normal rhythm. the insync icd device can change the timing of when the left and right ventricles of the heart are paced to beat. the purpose of this study is to monitor the long-term performance of the insync icd model 7272 and the insync marquis 7277 systems for cardiac resynchronization therapy (crt).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients implanted with the insync icd or insync marquis cardiac resynchronization therapy (crt) system (includes insync icd model 7272 or insync marquis model 7277, right atrial lead, right ventricular lead and any market released medtronic left ventricular lead or the investigational attain model 4189 lead which was implanted during the miracle icd study) exclusion criteria: * patients with a history of a previously failed placement of a currently investigational medtronic left ventricular lead within 30 days of enrollment in the insync icd registry

Keywords: heart failure cardiac pacing cardiac resynchronization therapy implantable cardioverter defibrillator
brexpiprazole (opc-34712) trial in the treatment of adults with acute schizophrenia

Conditions: Schizophrenia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to explore changes in efficacy, cognitive functioning, and safety of flexibly-dosed brexpiprazole monotherapy in subjects with acute schizophrenia


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 to 65 years of age, inclusive, at the time of informed consent with a diagnosis of schizophrenia as defined by the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition, text revision (dsm-iv-tr) and confirmed by the mini international neuropsychiatric interview (m.i.n.i) for schizophrenia and psychotic disorders studies * would benefit from hospitalization or continued hospitalization for treatment of a current acute relapse of schizophrenia at trial entry * are experiencing an acute exacerbation of psychotic symptoms and marked deterioration of usual function as demonstrated by all of the following: * positive and negative syndrome scale (panss) total score of ≥ 80 * score of ≥ 4 on two or more of the following panss items at screening: hallucinatory behavior, unusual thought content, conceptual disorganization, or suspiciousness * clinical global impression - severity of illness scale (cgi-s) score ≥ 4 (moderately ill) exclusion criteria: * are presenting with a first episode of schizophrenia based on the clinical judgment of the investigator * have been hospitalized \> 21 days for the current acute episode at the time of the baseline visit * have a current dsm-iv-tr axis i diagnosis other than schizophrenia, including, but not limited to, schizoaffective disorder, major depressive disorder (mdd), bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, delirium, dementia, amnestic, or other cognitive disorders; also borderline, paranoid, histrionic, schizotypal, schizoid, antisocial personality disorders or mental retardation. * improvement of ≥ 20% in total panss score between the screening and baseline assessments.

Keywords: schizophrenia mental disorders psychotic disorders antipsychotic cognitive testing
evaluating the use of grip exercises to decrease deep vein thrombosis in adult patients with picc lines

Conditions: Deep Vein Thrombosis

Summary: patients who have a peripherally-inserted central catheter (picc) placed are at a risk of developing a deep vein thrombosis (dvt). at trihealth, approximately 2-4 patients per month who have a picc placed experience a subsequent dvt. one innovative way to possibly mitigate the risk of dvts is hand grip exercises. the current study will be the first study to evaluate hand grip exercises for the prevention of dvts in adult patients hospitalized in the united states.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * had a picc placed in the past 24 hours by the vascular access team * patient is admitted to either bethesda north hospital or good samarian hospital exclusion criteria: * under 18 years old * does not speak english * unable to consent to involvement in the research study * has a bleeding disorder/diagnosis * has a severe limb disfunction whereby they would be unable to perform the grip exercises
laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with transrectal specimen extraction for colon cancer

Conditions: Colon Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the preliminary surgical outcomes of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with transrectal specimen extraction. the hypothesis is that this type of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (noses) could achieve good short-term and oncological outcomes for right colon cancer patients.

this study is a prospective single-arm clinical study. 37 patients with right colon cancer undergoing laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with transrectal specimen extraction are planned to be included in the study. the purpose of this study is to investigate the preliminary surgical outcomes of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with transrectal specimen extraction. the primary endpoint is the postoperative complications of this type of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (noses). the primary hypothesis is that noses could reduce postoperative complications. in addition, operating time, intraoperative bleeding, post-operative recovery and quality of life (qol) are secondary endpoints.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. biopsy proven colon carcinoma; 2. imaging diagnosis of t1-3 colon cancer; 3. the tumor located in the cecum, ascending colon, or colonic hepatic flexure; 4. maximal tumor diameter ≤5 cm; 5. body mass index (bmi) ≤30 kg/m2; 6. written informed consent; exclusion criteria: 1. complete intestinal obstruction; 2. hepatitis activity and peripheral neuropathy (such as peripheral neuritis, pseudo meningitis, motor neuritis, and sensory impairment); 3. significant organ dysfunction or other significant diseases, including clinically relevant coronary artery disease, cardiovascular disease, or myocardial infarction within the 12 months before enrollment; severe neurological or psychiatric history; severe infection; active disseminated intravascular coagulation; 4. pregnancy or breastfeeding; 5. alcohol abuse or drug addiction; 6. concurrent uncontrolled medical condition;

Keywords: colon cancer laparoscopic right hemicolectomy natural orifice specimen extraction surgery
the applications and influences of transthoracic echocardiography in stroke patients

Conditions: the Impact of Echocardiography on the Recurrence of Stroke

Summary: transthoracic echocardiography (tte) is known to be an effective modality in assessing cardiac function as well as the structure of the heart. it was estimated that between 15% and 30% of ischemic strokes were due to a cardioembolic source, therefore, tte has been assumed as an important screening tool in patients with ischemic stroke, as atrial fibrillation is one of the leading risk factors. however, current guidelines have little evidence in whether performing tte can alter clinical management and prevent a future stroke. we aim to present the association of performing tte and clinical outcomes in stroke patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with acute stroke and receiving echocardiography exclusion criteria: * patients with acute stroke and not receiving echocardiography
instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization on gastrocnemius and achilles tendon in plantar fasciitis

Conditions: Plantar Fascitis

Summary: aim of this study is to compare the effects of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization on gastrocnemius and achilles tendon on pain,range of motion and foot disability.a randomized control trial that will include total 32 participants and divided into two groups.patients in group a will receive instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization of gastrocnemius and group b will receive instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization of achilles tendon. while conventional therapy will be given to both groups.data collected will be analyzed through spss 25.

plantar fasciitis is typical condition that produces pain in the medial longitudinal arch of the foot.repetitive traction stresses on the plantar fascia at its origin over the distal calcaneus obesity, the makeup of the feet, and lifestyle choices are all factors that might contribute to the development of pf. physiotherapy interventions includes stretching the gastrocnemius and soleus,dry needling, iastm (instrument assisted soft tissue mobilisation), exercise therapy, ultrasound therapy, iontophoresis, laser therapy, splints, and taping.use of instrument-assisted soft tissue massage has increased in popularity, and the plantar fascia is a superficial tissue that may benefit from this treatment.the graston technique instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilisation not only increases blood flow and tissue healing to the area as well as breaking up soft tissue restrictions along with increase fibroblasts, mast cell production and phagocytes. previous literature were limited in sample size, and only immediate effects of these techniques were studied but this study opted for the long term use of graston technique on gastrocnemius in comparison on achilles tendon. so the purpose of this study is to compare the effects of graston technique instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization at gastrocnemius and achilles tendon in patients with planter fascitis. it will add to the growing body of knowledge that if same technique on different soft tissues will yield comparable outcomes,which should be the alternate choice of therapy

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * both male and female * participants between age of 25 and 50 years * patients with maximal pain located at the antero-medial aspect of the plantar surface of the calcaneus * pain aggravated by passive dorsiflexion or standing/ walking on the big toe * patients with pain on taking first step in the morning(18) * patient volunteer to participate in the study and signed informed consent. exclusion criteria: * patient with history of musculoskeletal disorders. * patient with any previous history of ankle or foot surgery. * patient with history of ankle or foot fracture. * patient with severe bone disorder (osteoporosis) * patient with history of venous insufficiency.

Keywords: plantar fascitis ache joint range of motion disability