Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
alcoholism: emotion and thinking

Conditions: Alcoholism

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether long-term chronic alcoholism is associated with changes in emotional functioning and brain structure and function.

this research investigates brain structure and function in alcoholics compared to healthy nonalcoholic individuals. alcoholics have shown impairments in cognitive processing of emotional signals. some alcoholics are impaired in social skills, and many are unable to implement the strategies for interpersonal interactions that they recommend for themselves. for example, alcoholics have difficulty interpreting non-verbal emotional cues and recognizing facial expressions of emotion. when listening to sentences, alcoholics also have some difficulty judging emotional intonations and emotional content. in our research, we are trying to understand where in the brain these emotional behaviors take place, and whether or not the brain functions differently for alcoholic and nonalcoholic individuals. we present emotional words and pictures on a computer screen, and using mri scans, we observe how the brain works when people purposefully respond to the words and pictures. additionally, we are comparing brain structure and activation patterns in men and women, because there may be gender differences in responses to emotional stimuli.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female right-handed people 25 years of age or older. * participants either will have a past diagnostic and statistical manual version iv (dsm-iv) diagnosis of alcohol dependence, or no such history at all. * participants will have signed an informed consent. exclusion criteria: * pregnant women. * shrapnel or other metal in body (dental fillings ok)

Keywords: alcoholism emotion cognition brain scans
measurement of glomerular filtration rate (gfr) in hiv patients: single-center study comparing the accuracy of estimators of gfr versus iohexol plasma clearance

Conditions: HIV

Summary: cystatin c, a protease inhibitor produced by most nucleated cells, is freely filtered by the kidneys, and its plasma assay reflects the gfr. compare, in hiv patients, the predictive performance of 11 formula to estimate gfr based on assay plasma cystatin c with that of the mdrd formulas.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients infected with hiv, and included in the cohort nadis exclusion criteria: * patient with a known allergy * patients treated with metformin * patients with severe hepatic impairment defined as a tp spontaneously below 50% * patients with a history of dysthyroidism * patient with active neoplasia other than skin cancer * degradation recent (not older than 3 months) in renal function defined as the deterioration of gfr over 25%. * estimated gfr less than 15 ml/min/1, 73m2 * pregnant or lactating * subjects under the protection of justice
multicomponent exercises in functional performance and cognitive ability of hospitalized elderly

Conditions: Old Age; Debility

Summary: older patients spend most of their time in situations of muscle disuse during acute hospitalization. physical inactivity is a key factor for the development of adverse events caused by hospitalization, known as iatrogenic nosocomial disability. adopting a multicomponent training program during acute hospitalization can be an efficient strategy to reduce adverse effects and promote improvements in older health. this study is a randomized clinical trial with acutely hospitalized older individuals. patients will be randomized into intervention and control groups. the intervention group will perform multicomponent training for 5-7 consecutive days, and will continue to receive usual hospital care. the control group will receive only the usual care and rehabilitation.

this study is a randomized controlled trial with acutely hospitalized older individuals. the first aim is to evaluate the effects of a multicomponent training intervention on functionality, cognitive ability and inflammatory profile in older patients during acute hospitalization. the population studied will be older patients (≥ 70 years), admitted to the internal medicine sector of the hospital de clinicas de porto alegre. the number of older people obtained through sample calculation is 30 individuals per group, totaling 60 participants in the study. patients will be randomized into intervention and control groups. the intervention group will perform multicomponent training for 5-7 consecutive days, and will continue to receive usual hospital care. exercises aimed at the lower and upper limbs will be performed, such as sitting and standing up from a chair, leg press, bilateral knee extension and bench press with elastic tape. balance and gait exercises will also be performed. the training session will be considered complete if patients are able to perform 90% or more of the scheduled exercises, the frequency and possible adverse events will be documented in daily records. the control group will not receive multicomponent physical training, only the usual care provided by the hospital. both groups will be evaluated before and after 5-7 days of intervention.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 70 years and older; * able to tolerate exercise; * barthel index ≥60; * be able to walk alone or with the aid of a cane, crutch or walkers; * be able to communicate and inform consent to participate in the research. exclusion criteria: * length of stay \<5 days; * inability to participate in the testing procedures and/or the multi-component training program, as determined by the physician; * present one or more factors: 1. terminal illness; 2. myocardial infarction in the last 3 months; 3. unstable cardiovascular disease; 4. any type of fracture in the last 3 months, which makes it impossible to carry out the movements; 5. severe dementia.
atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and chemotherapy in first-line metastatic nonsquamous nsclc

Conditions: Non-squamous NSCLC

Summary: this study aimed to explore the efficacy of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and chemotherapy in first-line metastatic non-squamous nsclc.

this study aimed to explore the efficacy of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab and chemotherapy in first-line metastatic non-squamous nsclc.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 18，advanced metastatic non-squamous nsclc treatment plan is atezolizumab-bevacizumab-carboplatin-paclitaxel exclusion criteria: patients with contraindication of chemotherapy pregnant or breast feeding women
postoperative analgesia in major gynecological cancer surgeries

Conditions: Analgesia; Analgesia, Epidural; ERAS

Summary: the aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of epidural block or erector spinae plane block applied for postoperative analgesia in gynecological cancer surgeries. the main question(s) it aims to answer are: \[is erector spinae plane block as effective as epidural block in postoperative analgesia?\] the study was designed as a prospective randomized study. researchers evaluated the effects of epidural block or erector spinae plane block applied for postoperative analgesia on pain scores, postoperative opioid use, and mobilization in patients undergoing gynecological cancer surgery.

our study was designed as a prospective randomized study. the investigators evaluated the analgesia methods used in patients undergoing surgery for gynecologic cancer between may 2024 and december 2024. the investigators evaluated the effect of epidural block or erector spina plan block on postoperative analgesia, opioid use and mobilization. group 1: epidural block group group 2: group with erector spina plan block

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who will undergo open abdominal surgery * patients with asaii-iii * those between the ages of 30-70 * patients who are fully oriented and able to cooperate exclusion criteria: * patients with asaiv-v * presence of active infection in the area where the block will be applied * patients younger than 30 years old * patients with bmi \&gt; 40 * patients who are allergic to bupivacaine * chronic analgesic use

Keywords: postoperative analgesia periferic nerve block neuraxial block
effectiveness of aquamin® in mitigating halitosis

Conditions: Healthy; Halitosis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess whether aquamin®, a multi-mineral natural product from red marine algae, can help reduce halitosis when taken for 90 days.

this is a sub-study to the ongoing clinical trial entitled: aquamin®, a multi-mineral natural product from red marine algae, as an adjuvant intervention for mild ulcerative colitis and ulcerative colitis in remission (hum00156676) nct# nct03869905. however, the food and drug administration (fda) indicated that no investigational new drug application (ind) was required.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * must be able to give written informed consent * willing to follow study procedures of no eating, drinking, toothbrushing, smoking or using mouth rinse 60 minutes before study visits * willing to not scrape their tongue with a toothbrush, oral hygiene aid, or other utensil during the study participation * periodontally stable * self-reported halitosis * a negative pregnancy test for pre-menopausal women with intact female reproductive organs, and subject must agree to use appropriate birth control over the study period. exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating women * participating in any other interventional trials using an investigational drug * diagnosed with any stomach or intestinal bleeding disorders (gastrointestinal bleeding from gastric or duodenal ulcers, or gastrin secreting tumors) or active gastric / duodenal ulcers - peptic ulcer disease (in last 3 months) or with severe symptoms of ulcerative colitis or crohn's disease * any gastrointestinal or colonic malignancy- kidney disease, including kidney "stones" or hypercalcemia * coagulopathy/hereditary hemorrhagic disorders/or receiving therapeutic doses of coumadin or heparin * presence of one or more cavitated carious lesions, untreated dental abscesses (endodontic or periodontal), untreated periodontitis (gum disease), or oral pathologies that may contribute to oral malodor (e.g., candidiasis, erosive gingival conditions) * taking any of the following within 30 days (will be eligible after completing 30 days of wash out period): calcium; vitamin d, including multivitamins that have low amounts of calcium/vitamin d supplements; oral steroids; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (nsaids); antibiotics.

Keywords: aquamin®
total knee arthroplasty functional outcomes study research design

Conditions: Osteoarthritis of the Knee

Summary: the purpose of this study is to obtain patient oriented and clinically oriented physical function outcomes both pre-operatively and post-operatively in patients receiving a total knee arthroplasty.

this study aims to use up to 75 patients at 3 centers to determine a baseline short-term post-operative physical function status of patients undergoing a total knee arthroplasty through patient and clinically based assessments. the koos score will collect data on the patient's physical function, stiffness and pain. the berg balance, tug, and tuds tests will be used quantitatively to assess the patient's ability to conduct activities of daily living like walking for an extended period of time, standing from a seated position, and maintaining balance while performing a series of actions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient is male or non-pregnant female age 18 years or older at time of study * patient is a candidate for a total knee arthroplasty * patient is willing and able to comply with postoperative scheduled clinical and radiographic evaluations and rehabilitation exclusion criteria: * patients with a primary diagnosis other than osteoarthritis of the knee as determined by an orthopedic surgeon * patients who have had any previous lower extremity procedure * patients with a bmi greater than or equal to 40 * patients with an active infection within the affected knee joint * patients with a neuromuscular or neurosensory deficiency that may limit the ability of the patient to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the device * patients diagnosed with systemic disease or metabolic disorder leading to progressive bone deterioration (e.g. lupus erythematosus, paget's disease) * patients immunologically suppressed or receiving chronic steroids in excess of normal physiological requirements (e.g. greater than 30 days) * patients with a known sensitivity to device materials * non-english speaking patients * patient is a prisoner

Keywords: total knee arthroplasty osteoarthritis
prediction of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in preterm fetuses by assessment of fetal lung volume by vocal and pulmonary artery resistance index a pilot study

Conditions: Fetal Lung Volume of Preterm Fetuses Measured by VOCAL, PA-RI Measured by Pulsed Doppler

Summary: the investigators will measure fetal lung volume by vocal and pulmonary artery resistance index in preterm fetuses and correlating the results with postnatal respiratory distress of the preterm neonates.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * preterm labour exclusion criteria: * twins

Keywords: flv, vocal, pa-ri, preterm fetuses, rds
safety and efficacy of fibrin sealant grifols (fs grifols) during soft tissue open surgeries

Conditions: Soft Tissue Surgical Bleeding

Summary: this study is designed to assess the safety and efficacy of fibrin sealant (fs) grifols in patients undergoing elective (non-emergency) soft tissue open surgery where bleeding may be present. the purpose of this study is to demonstrate that fs grifols is not inferior to commercially-available oxidized cellulose pads (surgicel®) in providing benefit in the time to hemostasis (i.e, the stoppage of bleeding). this study has a preliminary part (i) for study teams to become familiar with the application of fs grifols and a primary part (ii) to assess the safety and efficacy of fs grifols. in both parts of the study, patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either fs grifols or surgicel.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hemoglobin (hgb) ≥ 8.0 g/dl at baseline (within 24 hours prior to surgical procedure). * require elective (non-emergency), open (non-laparoscopic) surgical procedure involving soft (non-parenchymous) tissue. * target bleeding site is identified on soft tissue during urologic, gynecologic or general surgery procedures: 1) simple or radical nephrectomies, 2) total adrenalectomies, 3) radical prostatectomies, 4) pyeloplasties, 5) radical cystectomies, 6) simple or radical hysterectomies, 7) lymphadenectomies (in the retroperitoneal or pelvic region only), 8) retroperitoneal tumor resections, 9) mastopexies, and 10) abdominoplasties. * a target bleeding site can be identified. * target bleeding site has moderate bleeding according to the investigator's judgment. exclusion criteria: * require thoracic, abdominal, retroperitoneal or pelvic surgery due to trauma. * infection in the anatomic surgical area. * history of severe (e.g. anaphylactic) reactions to blood or to any blood-derived product. * previous known sensitivity to any fs grifols component or any surgicel® component. * females who are pregnant or nursing a child at baseline (within 24 hours prior to surgical procedure). * receiving an organ transplant during the same surgical procedure. * undergone a therapeutic surgical procedure within 30 days from the screening visit. * a target bleeding site cannot be identified. * the target bleeding site has a mild or severe bleeding. * occurrence of major intraoperative complications that require resuscitation or deviation from the planned surgical procedure. * application of any topical haemostatic material on the cut soft tissue surface identified as the target bleeding site prior to application of the study treatment.

Keywords: fibrin sealant soft tissue open surgery oxidized cellulose pads
crossover post-herpetic neuralgia (phn)

Conditions: Post-Herpetic Neuralgia (PHN)

Summary: the purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of study drug (bms-954561) as compared to placebo in the treatment of patients with post-herpetic neuralgia (phn).

allocation: randomized stratified interventional model: cross-over placebo controlled

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient with post-herpetic neuralgia (phn) as defined as pain present for more than 6 months after the onset of a herpes zoster skin rash affecting the trigeminal, cervical, thoracic, lumbar, or sacral regions. * based on patient diary information collected during the baseline week (day -7 to randomization day 1), patient has completed at least 5 diary entries and has an average weekly pain rating of at least 4 on the 11-point pain rating scale. * the patient is able to satisfactorily complete, in the investigator's judgment, the cognitive battery. * male or female, 18-85 years of age. exclusion criteria: * other severe pain that may potentially confound pain assessment. * history of complete lack of response to pregabalin (at least 300 mg qd for 4 weeks) or gabapentin (at least 1800 mg qd for 4 weeks). * hemoglobin a1c \> 9% * hemoglobin ≤ 9 g/dl. * active herpes zoster or known viral infection. * previous neurolytic or neurosurgical therapy for phn. * estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) according to the re-expressed abbreviated (four-variable) modification of diet in renal disease (mdrd) study equation ≤ 40ml/min/1.73m2. * patients who have been on a stable dose of anticonvulsant,anticholinergic, antiviral medications, nicotine replacements, or any other smoking cessation medications for \ 4 weeks prior to randomization are allowed, however, there should be no adjustments to the dose of these medications during study. * patients currently on more than one drug for treatment of neuropathic pain (low dose opioids, antidepressants, or anticonvulsants). patients are allowed to participate if on a stable dose for at least 4 weeks prior to randomization (day1) and should remain stable during course of study.
probiotics for prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea and clostridium difficile associated disease

Conditions: Diarrhea

Summary: the study will evaluate if administration of probiotic culturelle (lactobacillus rhamnosus gg) along with antibiotics can help decrease the occurrence of diarrhea caused by antibiotics as well as clostridium difficile diarrhea.

inpatient adult males and females who are at least 18 years of age or older, undergoing treatment with antibiotics irrespective of indication and the type of antibiotics. the setting is an academic hospital.the patients are screened and potentially recruited upon initiation of antibiotic treatment regardless of indication for antibiotic prescription. the participants are patients being admitted to any inpatient units of the hospital for treatment with antibiotics. exclusion criteria is: * diarrhea on admission or within the preceding week * reported recurrent diarrhea * bowel pathology that could result in diarrhea (including preexisting inflammatory bowel disease{ibd}, all forms for colitis or any other condition resulting in preexisting diarrhea) * intake of high risk antibiotics (clindamycin, cephalosporins, aminopenicillins→ well known to cause cdad) and or more than two courses of other antibiotics in the past four weeks to exclude pre-existing diarrhea associated with antibiotic use * immunosuppression (chronic steroid use, active chemotherapy, active radiotherapy, hiv or any other disorder resulting in a compromise in participants immune status) * bowel surgery causing liquid stools * regular probiotic intake before admission * lactose intolerance or intolerance to dairy products.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * inpatient adult males and females who are at least 18-89 years of age, undergoing treatment with antibiotics irrespective of indication and the type of antibiotics. exclusion criteria: * diarrhea on admission or within the preceding week * reported recurrent diarrhea * bowel pathology that could result in diarrhea (including preexisting inflammatory bowel disease{ibd}, all forms for colitis or any other condition resulting in preexisting diarrhea) * intake of high risk antibiotics (clindamycin, cephalosporins, aminopenicillins→ well known to cause cdad) and or more than two courses of other antibiotics in the past four weeks to exclude pre-existing diarrhea associated with antibiotic use * immunosuppression (chronic steroid use, active chemotherapy, active radiotherapy, hiv or any other disorder resulting in a compromise in participants immune status) * bowel surgery causing liquid stools * regular probiotic intake before admission * lactose intolerance or intolerance to dairy products

Keywords: antibiotics diarrhea c diff hospitalized patients
using digestive microbial information to enhance the early detection of pancreatic cancer

Conditions: Pancreatic Cancer

Summary: pancreatic cancer (pca) is a leading death-related cancer. there is an urgent need for accurate, noninvasive diagnostic options in the early detection of pancreatic cancer (pca), since delayed diagnosis increases the risk of metastasis and recurrence. in this study, by analyzing gut and fecal microbial data among the pancreatic versus healthy populations, we aim to establish an early detection tool to improve pca detection, and to explore potential diagnostic biomarkers.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: pca newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer patients; no symptoms of jaundice; did not yet receive any treatment nc individuals who were undergoing routine screenings or physical examination exclusion criteria:
comparison of regional anesthesia techniques after total knee arthroplasty

Conditions: Pain, Acute; Knee Arthropathy; Postoperative Pain; Mobility Limitation

Summary: comparison of continuous adductor canal block to continuous femoral nerve block in patients after total knee arthroplasty. all patients will be anesthetized with spinal anesthesia. continuous infusion of ropivacaine with a catheter implemented to the adductor canal or next to the femoral nerve. the observed goals: pain intensity, the beginning and quality of rehabilitation.

written consent will be obtained a day before the surgery. only subarachnoidally anaesthetised patients may participate in the study. pencil-point spinal needle and bupivacaine (marcaine heavy spinal 0.5 %) will be used. before the beginning of operation, under ultrasound control, a catheter will be implemented to one of the chosen position: the adductor canal (the middle or lower third of thigh) or near the femoral nerve (below the inguinal ligament). the local anesthetic solution of 0.2 % ropivacaine will be started with an elastomeric pump (5 ml per hour, up to 72 hours) as soon as a catheter in the right position. the pain will be measured with vas (visual-analogue scale) 8, 24 and 48 hours after the end of operation, and at the discharge. at the same time, i.e.: 8, 24 and 48 hours from the end of surgery, the range of flexion and extension in the operated knee will be assessed. moreover, the possibility of patient's sitting, standing up and walking will be noted. all parameters will be reassessed before patients' discharge from the hospital. each patient will receive paracetamol (1.0) and metamizol (1.0) intravenously (i.v.) q6h. 5 mg of morphine may be given as required, up to 2 dosages per day as a rescue medication.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * knee arthroplasty * obtained consent * subarachnoid anaesthesia exclusion criteria: * coagulopathy * allergy to to local anesthetics * depression, antidepressant drugs treatment * epilepsy * usage of painkiller before surgery * addiction to alcohol or recreational drugs

Keywords: regional anesthesia knee replacement pain treatment rehabilitation