Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
how to dose a patient according to renal function? glomerular filtration rate (gfr) or creatinine clearance (clcr)

Conditions: Creatinine Clearance Quantitative Trait Locus; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic

Summary: background： the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (ckd) is high in taiwan. though there are many factors that may affect the measurement of serum creatinine, it is a well-accepted marker for renal function assessment. the creatinine clearance (clcr) estimated by cockcroft-gault is commonly used as a reference for dosage adjustment; while the estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) by modification of diet in renal disease (mdrd) is used in ckd staging. clcr and egfr not only have different units, but the results of estimation from the two varied among races and individuals. since 2010, us food and drug administration required both the influences of clcr and egfr on the pharmacokinetics of a drug in renal insufficient patients during pharmacokinetic studies. because most drugs are excreted through kidney, an understanding on the relationship between clcr and egfr is important to dose safely and effectively. furthermore, identifying the factors that may influence the difference between clcr and egfr can provide in-depth consideration during clinical renal function assessment. purpose： the purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between different clcr and egfr equations in order to provide better renal dose. we also want to find the factors that may cause the differences between them. methods： this study will conduct literature review to understand study population during the development of different clcr and egfr equations, as well as their scope of application. national taiwan university hospital electronic patient database will be used to analyze the correlation between clcr and egfr and to identify factors that may influence the difference between clcr and egfr. the data from patients who have completed 12-hr or 24-hr urine collection with calculated renal function will be used to verify the applicability of these equations (including a clcr equation developed by our institute) in taiwanese. pharmacokinetic principles will be used to analyze the appropriate unit to be used for renal function while dosing a patient.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients with serum creatinine test result exclusion criteria: * unstable renal function, hemodialysis, cachexia, pregnancy, severe burn, muscle atrophy, severe trauma, amputation, liver failure

Keywords: creatinine glomerular filtration rate renal insufficiency, chronic
the difference seen in granulosa cells and immature oocytes in ivf treated patients sorted by body mass index (bmi)

Conditions: Infertility, Female

Summary: this study aims to discover the connection between bmi and oocyte and granulosa consistencies.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infertile women undergoing ivf * consent to participate in study exclusion criteria: * fertility preservation due to cancer * endocrine disorders
comparison of surveillance versus aortic endografting for small aneurysm repair

Conditions: Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Endovascular

Summary: objective of the present study is to compare endovascular repair versus surveillance and, eventually delay treatment in patients with small abdominal aortic aneurysms (aaa), with respect to patient survival, aaa rupture and aaa related death risks.

the study will include patients with small aaa (diameter 4.1 to 5.4 cm defined by computed tomographic scan) suitable for endovascular repair (evar). randomization is designed with equal probability of assignment to each of the two groups (ie, immediate endovascular repair or surveillance group) by means of a computer-generated -random-number list . after eligibility is verified, assignment will be made using a computer database held at the coordinating centre. in the immediate repair group, endovascular repair with introduction of an aortic endograft (cook zenith) will be performed within six weeks from randomization. in the surveillance group, patients are followed without repair until the aneurysm reaches 5.5 cm in diameter, or enlarges at least 1.0 cm in one year, or until patient develops symptoms that are attributed to the aneurysm by the attending investigator. when one of these criteria is met, endovascular repair (if the patient remains a candidate for evar), or open repair will be carried out.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients of 50-80 years of age * non symptomatic infrarenal aaa of 4.1 to 5.4 cm in diameter measured by ct performed within 3 months before randomization * adequate infrarenal aortic neck (length \> 15 mm diameter \< 30 mm) and other anatomical configurations suitable for evar * patients have a life expectancy of at least 5 years * signed informed consent exclusion criteria: * ruptured or symptomatic aaa * aaa maximum diameter \>= 5.5 cm * suprarenal or thoracic aorta aneurysm of more than 4.0 cm * patient unsuitable for administration of contrast agent * severe heart, lung, liver or renal disease (serum creatinine \>= 3mg/dl) * need for adjunctive major surgical or vascular procedures within 1 month * high likelihood of non compliance with follow-up requirements

Keywords: abdominal aortic aneurysm randomized controlled trial endovascular aneurysm repair
longitudinal evaluation of familial frontotemporal dementia subjects

Conditions: Familial Frontotemporal Dementia

Summary: this study is being done to learn more about normal thinking and behavior, mild thinking and behavior problems, frontotemporal dementia and other forms of dementia in families in which one or more relatives have a mutation associated with frontotemporal dementia.

this multicenter study will enroll 300 members of familial frontotemporal dementia (ftd) families across 8 experienced ftd research centers with a known mutation in mapt, pgrn, or c9orf72 (100 mutation carriers with mild dementia or minimally symptomatic yet non-demented, 100 asymptomatic mutation carriers, and 100 clinically normal relatives who are non-mutation carriers) to obtain annual assessments including t1-mri, flair, diffusion tensor imaging (dti), asl perfusion (aslp), intrinsic connectivity functional mri (icfmri), mr spectroscopy (mrs), csf, blood, and behavioral, neuropsychological and functional assessment, for a total of three assessments per participant. a primary goal of this study is to identify the most robust and reliable methods to track disease progression in familial ftd so that disease-modifying therapeutic trials can be designed appropriately.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. must be a member of family with a known mutation in one of the three major ftld related genes: mapt, pgrn, or c9orf72. 2. at least 18 years of age. 3. the predominant phenotype in the kindred must be cognitive/behavioral (ie, kindreds in whom parkinsonism or als is the predominant clinical phenotype among affected relatives may be excluded) 4. have a reliable informant who personally speaks with or sees that subject at least weekly. 5. subject is sufficiently fluent in english to complete all measures 6. subject must be willing and able to consent to the protocol and undergo yearly evaluations over 3 years. 7. subject must be willing and able to undergo neuropsychological testing (at least at baseline visit). 8. subject must have no contraindication to mri imaging. exclusion criteria 1. known presence of a structural brain lesion (e.g. tumor, cortical infarct). 2. presence of another neurologic disorder which could impact findings (eg, multiple sclerosis). 3. subject is unwilling to return for follow-up yearly, undergo neuropsychological testing and mr imaging. 4. subject has no reliable informant.

Keywords: frontotemporal dementia mapt pgrn c9orf72
biomarkers in tumor tissue samples from younger patients with rhabdomyosarcoma

Conditions: Alveolar Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma; Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma; Embryonal Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma

Summary: this research trial studies biomarkers in tumor tissue samples from younger patients with rhabdomyosarcoma. studying samples of tumor tissue from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in dna and identify biomarkers related to cancer

primary objectives: i. to demonstrate crkl expression at the protein level in rhabdomyosarcoma tumors by tissue microarray (tma). outline: archived tumor tissue samples are analyzed for crkl expression.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma specimens from the children oncology group (cog) tumor microarrays (tmas)
cognitive enhancement through transcranial laser therapy

Conditions: Healthy Participants; Mild Cognitive Impairment

Summary: this is a mechanism-driven translational project to test the efficacy of transcranial low-level light/laser therapy (lllt), for enhancing cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults and participants with mild cognitive impairment.

the goal of this project is to test the efficacy of lllt to enhance neurocognitive function in middle-aged adults and examine the modulating influences of carotid atherosclerosis. the specific aims will be accomplished in a randomized controlled trial (rct) by examining cognitive test performance and blood oxygen level-dependent (bold) response to a working memory task in middle-aged and older adults and participants with mild cognitive impairment pre- and post- six-week long intervention of lllt or placebo. in addition, the investigators will examine if carotid artery intima-media thickness (imt) moderates the therapeutic effects of lllt.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men and postmenopausal women, aged 45 and older * participants with mild cognitive impairment exclusion criteria: * neurological disease (e.g., large vessel stroke, seizure disorder, parkinson's disease, alzheimer's disease, clinically significant traumatic brain injury with loss of consciousness \> 30 minutes, multiple sclerosis, or brain infection/meningitis * baseline iq \< 85 placing them below the average range of intellectual functioning * major psychiatric illness (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder) or substance abuse (diagnosed abuse and/or previous hospitalization for substance abuse) * severe cardiovascular disease (e.g., pacemaker), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, liver or kidney disease, inflammatory illness
function following laser for anal intraepithelial neoplasia (flan)

Conditions: Anus Cancer; Fecal Incontinence; Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia; Post Operative Pain

Summary: high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (hsil) and anal cancer are rising in incidence and at highest risk are hiv positive men who have sex with men (msm). this pilot study assessing anal function and patient-reported outcomes before and after laser ablation of hsil will add to the evidence that such a therapy is an acceptable and safe treatment to offer in a preventative setting.we will be recruting hiv positive and negative msm.

high resolution anoscopy with targeted laser ablation is one of the therapies currently employed to treat hsil of the anus to prevent progression to anal cancer. the functional outcome of this procedure has not previously been formally assessed. hiv and negative positive msm in whom hsil has been detected will form the study population, as hsil is prevalent in these patients and intervention is felt to be indicated. functional assessments will be carried out prior to initial treatment and then repeated six months after laser ablation therapy. the structure, function and sensitivity of the anal canal will be evaluated using endoanal ultrasound, high-resolution anal manometry and anal mucosal electrosensitivity measurements respectively. patient-reported outcomes will be assessed using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews at baseline, 4 weeks and 6 months post-treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: msm \>18 years of age if hiv positive, cd4 count of over 350; if less, been on highly active antiretroviral treatment for at least 3 months histologically proven high-grade squamous anal intraepithelial neoplasia lesion (hsil) anal canal disease with or without perianal disease written informed consent exclusion criteria: previous laser or other ablative treatment for hsil (previous topical treatment is not excluded) any treatment for hsil in the previous six months previous or current diagnosis of anal cancer concurrent or previous (if severe) perianal inflammatory bowel disease, complex fistula or other significant perianal condition requiring surgery including fissures, current fistula in ano and grade iii or iv haemorrhoids perianal sepsis perianal disease only without anal canal hsil

Keywords: laser ablation anal intraepithelial neoplasia ain fecal incontinence anal function
effects of acetylsalicylic acid compared with the combination of acetylsalicylic acid + modified-release dipyridamole on serum thromboxane b2 formation and platelet aggregation in healthy volunteers

Conditions: Healthy

Summary: to compare the combination of acetylsalicylic acid (25 mg) + modified-release dipyridamole (200 mg) bd versus acetylsalicylic acid (75 mg dispersible tablet once daily) in its effect on inhibition of thromboxane b2 formation


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female healthy volunteers aged 20 to 50 years * clinically normal medical history * clinically normal findings on physical examination * capable of comprehending and communicating effectively with the investigator and staff and of providing informed consent * willing to give informed consent prior to participation in the trial (i.e. prior to any trial-specific procedures) exclusion criteria: * any clinically significant disease. (a significant disease is defined as a disease which in the opinion of the investigator may either put the subject at risk because of participation in the study or a disease which may influence the results of the study or the subject's ability to participate in the study) * clinically significant abnormal baseline haematology, blood chemistry or urinalysis findings * serum glutamate-oxaloacetate transferase (sgot) or serum glutamate-pyruvate transferase (sgpt) \> 80 iu/l, bilirubin \> 34 µmol/l or creatinine \> 176 µmol/l regardless of clinical condition. repeat laboratory evaluation will not be conducted in these subjects * use of dipyridamole, aspirin or any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (nsaid) during the previous two weeks * active peptic ulceration or history of peptic ulcer disease * known history of or suspected hypersensitivity to dipyridamole, aspirin, any nsaid or any other component of the test drugs * history of any bleeding disorders * history of cerebral haemorrhage * resting, seated blood pressure less than 90/60 mmhg * participation in any drug clinical trial within sixteen weeks prior to the start of the trial * any indication of current or previous abuse of alcohol, solvents or drugs * any chronic illness * asthma * requirement for any other medication one month before or during the study * pregnant or nursing women or women of childbearing potential not using a medically approved means of contraception (e.g. oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices or surgically sterile) were to be excluded * previous participation in the randomisation phase of this clinical trial
prescribed knee brace treatments for osteoarthritis of the knee (knee oa)

Conditions: Knee Osteoarthritis

Summary: the study is a non-controlled retro- and prospective multi center patient registry study. subjects will be given a study id number assigned at first brace fitting after consenting to partake. participants will be asked to fill in a questionnaire either in electronic or paper version at first fitting. additional follow up questionnaires will be implemented at 4 weeks, 6 months and 1 year post initial brace fitting. after that period patients will be contacted every year, until brace termination/ knee surgery or death.

this is a noninterventional registry study pertaining to knee oa braces. there are no comparative devices or treatments. subjects are expected to follow the recommendations of the brace subscriber and other health care professionals at any time independent of their continuation within the registry. subjects will be enrolled at the clinic where their brace was prescribed or at the site where the brace was fitted. there is no formal end date for this data registry. a revisit to this protocol may be motivated after 5 years, to assess if longer follow up is required. for individual participants follow up will continue with annual questionnaires as long as the brace is in use. the questionnaires will be administered either through mail with a paper version, or through a link to an electronical version (epro). there is also a possibility of administrating the questionnaires as a phone guided interview, if that is a mean that serves the patient or clinics better. the planned follow-ups are at 4 weeks, 6 months, 1 year from brace prescription and then annually as long as participants are disposed as "ongoing" in the registry. the questionnaires contains question about pain, function, medication, general brace use and quality of life question.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients that are prescribed knee brace for symptomatic treatment of knee oa from partaking clinics * older than 18 years exclusion criteria: * younger than 18 years * not willing or able to sign informed consent, or not cognitive impairments preventing understanding of the questionnaires.

Keywords: knee brace conservative treatment
surgery versus best medical management for the long term remission of type 2 diabetes and related diseases (remission)

Conditions: Bariatric Surgery Candidate; Diabetes

Summary: bariatric surgery procedures induce weight loss through restriction and/or malabsorption. the mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes remission and others metabolic improvements after roux-en-y gastric bypass (rygb), sleeve gastrectomy (sg) or biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (bpd-ds) have not yet been formally studied. the investigators propose a longitudinal study with the overall objective of measuring the long-term impact of these three bariatric surgeries (rygb, sg, bpd-ds) on metabolic, renal and cardiovascular fate in patients with type 2 diabetes. the investigators overall hypothesis is that some bariatric procedures generate hitherto unrecognized effects on many disease-related outcomes, which greatly contributes to their beneficial impact in diabetic patients. the investigators propose 3 specific aims: 1) to establish the long term effect of the three surgeries on the metabolic recovery and quality of life in groups of diabetic patients treated with insulin, hypoglycemic agents or diet; 2) to establish the long term impact of the three surgeries on renal and cardiovascular functions in subgroup of patients with these conditions; 3) to compare metabolic impact of surgeries to those of best medical care for diabetes in a non-surgical control group. for most severely obese patients, lifestyle interventions, perhaps effective in inducing short-lived weight losses, are ineffective for long-term weight loss maintenance and durable metabolic recovery. the increasing popularity of obesity surgeries calls for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. this is especially true and urgent when considering that knowledge on the relative impact of each procedure (i.e. sg vs. rygb and bpd-ds) in resolving t2d is still limited. better knowledge on each of the procedures will allow stronger scientific rationale for selecting the right surgery for the right patient and improve care for the severely obese individual.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi ≥ 35 * type 2 diabetes * hba1c ≥ 6,5 % or fasting glycemia ≥7mmol/l or non-fasting glycemia ≥11mmol/l * able to consent exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * past esophageal, gastric or bariatric surgery * irritable bowel, unexplained intermittent vomiting, severe abdominal pain, chronic diarrhea or constipation * history of gastric or duodenal ulcers * pre-operatory hypoalbuminemy * history of renal, hepatic, cardiac or pulmonary severe disease * taken of corticosteroid in the last month * evidence of psycological problem that may affect the capacity to understand the project and to comply with the medical recommandations * history of drug use or alcool abuse in the last 12 months * history of gastro-intestinal inflammatory diseases
rct on necessity of cholecystectomy for patients after clearance of bile duct stones

Conditions: Gallbladder Stones; Complication; Cholecystectomy

Summary: to discuss necessity of cholecystectomy for patients with stones in their bile ducts and gallbladders in the absence of absolute operation indications of cholecystectomy after clearance of bile duct stones with ercp.

cholecystectomy was recommended for patients with stones in their bile ducts and gallbladders in european and american countries after clearance of bile duct stones with ercp, which reduced the incidence of biliary events. however, some researches showed that the incidence of biliary events was not reduced but increased.the purpose of this study is to discuss the necessity of cholecystectomy for patients with stones in their bile ducts and gallbladders in the absence of absolute operation indications of cholecystectomy after clearance of bile duct stones with ercp.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: obtention of a written informed consent; clinical diagnosis of gallbladder stones and common bile duct stones; no absolute operation indications of cholecystectomy exclusion criteria: intrahepatic stones; malignant tumor disease ;

Keywords: gallbladder stones common bile duct stones endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
a new portable monitor for measuring odorous compounds in oral, exhaled and nasal air

Conditions: Halitosis

Summary: the b/b checker, a new portable device for detecting odorous compounds in oral, exhaled, and nasal air, is now available. as a single unit, this device is capable of assessing several kinds of gases mixed with volatile sulfur compounds (vscs) in addition to other odorous gasses. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the b/b checker for detecting the malodor level of oral, exhaled, and nasal air.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of oral malodor exclusion criteria: * smoker * medical disorders * undergoing any antibiotic or other antimicrobial therapy

Keywords: halitosis