Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
routine chest x-ray post rigid bronchoscopy for foreign body extraction: is it necessary?

Conditions: Foreign Body Aspiration

Summary: airway foreign body is one of the common emergencies. its clinical presentation is variable, ranging from a clinically asymptomatic state to dire state of respiratory failure needing urgent attention and intervention. the gold standard for management is rigid bronchoscopy (rb) under general anaesthesia. complications that can occur during removal of foreign body include bleeding, pneumothorax and rupture of tracheobronchial tree. complication rates are higher during foreign body removal in children. performance of routine post bronchoscopy chest radiography (cxr) results in an extremely low diagnostic yield but nevertheless is the common clinical practice prevailing today. it has previously been suggested that routine post bronchoscopy cxr could be avoided in asymptomatic patients.

* pre-operative assessment: 1. history taking including if there was a definite history of foreign body inhalation or not. 2. clinical examination including symptomatology (such as the presence or absence of choking, cyanosis, and difficulty in breathing) and clinical signs, such as the presence or absence of air entry, crept, and rhonchi. 3. radiological signs, such as plain chest x-ray findings. * operation: all patients underwent rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia. we used bronchoscopes of the rigid type to perform bronchoscopy. we determined the size of the bronchoscope according to the child's age. after induction of intravenous anesthesia, we performed direct laryngoscopy and inserted the bronchoscope with the help of the laryngoscope in a rotating manner and used a 0-degree telescope to locate the foreign body. once identified, we used optical forceps to hold and to remove the foreign body. after extraction of the foreign body, we repeated bronchoscopy to check for any remaining foreign bodies as well as to examine the tracheobronchial tree for any trauma. * post-operative assessment: all patients will be under observation for at least an hour after the procedure. all patients will receive atrovent and pulmicort after the procedure through a nebulizer. all patients will be examined clinically and vital signs will be assessed be before discharge cxr will be done only if there are critical signs as cyanosis, absent or decreased air entery on one side or both or surgical emphysema strict instructions, that if any symptoms such as cyanosis or difficulty of breathing occur, to go the nearest health care provider.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients with strong clinical suspicion of foreign body in airway with a history of choking, cyanosis, difficulty in breathing. * all patients with strong clinical suspicion of foreign body in airway with the presence of clinical signs, like decreased air entry, cyanosis, or crept. patients of any age and sex who qualified for the inclusion criteria were included. exclusion criteria: * patients underwent esophagoscope. * patients refused to be enrolled in research. * patients suffering from evident complications during the procedure.
efficacy and biomarker explanation of ibi-322 plus lenvatinib on extensive stage small cell lung cancer

Conditions: Small Cell Lung Cancer

Summary: this study aimed to explore the efficacy and biomarker explanation of ibi-322 plus lenvatinib on extensive stage small cell lung cancer who failed from first line pd-(l)1 inhibitors.


Eligibility criteria:
* eligible subjects selected for this study must meet all of the following criteria: 1. sign written informed consent before implementing any trial-related procedures; 2. age ≥18 years old and ≤75 years old; 3. no limit on the gender; 4. patients with extensive stage sclc diagnosed by pathology (as staged by the american veterans lung cancer association (valg)), who do not have an imaging response during first-line treatment with pd-(l)1 inhibitors, or who progress after imaging reactions on first-line therapy (the most recent regimen prior to enrollment must contain pd-(l)1 inhibitors); 5. according to the response evaluation criteria for solid tumors (recist v1.1), there must be at least one lesion that can be measured by imaging. lesions located within the radiation field of previous radiation therapy can be considered as measurable lesions if progress is confirmed; 6. ecog score 0-1 points; 7. expected survival time\> 3 months; 8. sufficient organ function, subjects need to meet the following laboratory indicators: 1. the absolute value of neutrophils (anc) ≥1.5x109/l when no granulocyte colony-stimulating factor is used in the past 14 days; 2. in the case of no blood transfusion in the past 14 days, platelets ≥100×109/l; 3. in the past 14 days without blood transfusion or erythropoietin, hemoglobin\>9g/dl; 4. total bilirubin≤1.5×upper limit of normal (uln); 5. aspartate aminotransferase (ast) and alanine aminotransferase (alt) within ≤2.5×uln (subjects with liver metastases are allowed to have alt or ast ≤5×uln); 6. serum creatinine ≤1.5×uln and creatinine clearance rate (calculated by cockcroft-gault formula) ≥50ml/min; 7. good coagulation function, defined as international normalized ratio (inr) or prothrombin time (pt) ≤ 1.5 times uln; 8. normal thyroid function is defined as thyroid-stimulating hormone (tsh) within the normal range. if the baseline tsh is out of the normal range, subjects whose total t3 (or ft3) and ft4 are within the normal range can also be included in the group; 9. myocardial enzyme spectrum is within the normal range (for example, simple laboratory abnormalities that are judged by the investigator to be of no clinical significance are also allowed to be included in the group). exclusion criteria: * patients with contraindication of chemotherapy pregnant or breast feeding women
magnetic resonance imaging for improving knowledge of brain tumor biology in patients with resectable glioblastoma

Conditions: Glioblastoma; Recurrent Glioblastoma; Resectable Glioblastoma

Summary: this clinical trial uses a type of imaging scan called magnetic resonance imaging (mri) to study brain tumor biology in patients with glioblastoma that can be removed by surgery (resectable). malignant gliomas are the second leading cause of cancer mortality in people under the age of 35 in the united states. glioblastoma is a type of malignant glioma with very poor patient prognosis. there are currently only about 3 drugs approved by the food and drug administration (fda) for the treatment of glioblastoma, one of them being administration of bevacizumab, which is very expensive. it is the most widely used treatment for glioblastoma with dramatic results. however, previous clinical trials have not demonstrated an overall survival benefit across all patient populations with glioblastoma that has returned after treatment (recurrent). the study aims to identify which patients who will benefit from bevacizumab therapy by observing mri images and corresponding imaging biomarkers.

primary objectives: i. enhancing tumors with high diffusion measurements (low apparent diffusion coefficient \[adcl\] \> 1.24 um\^2/ms) will have higher dcn protein expression compared with tumors exhibiting low diffusion measurements (adcl \ 1.24 um\^2/ms) will have higher deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) expression compared with tumors exhibiting low diffusion measurements (adcl \ 1.24 um\^2/ms) will have higher ribonucleic acid (rna) expression compared with tumors exhibiting low diffusion measurements (adcl \ 1.24 um\^2/ms) and higher overall dcn expression levels compared to other genotypes. secondary objective: i. dcn immunohistochemistry (ihc), in-situ hybridization (ish), and rna expression within the tumor will be linearly correlated with continuous values of diffusion measurements (adcl). outline: patients undergo one mri scan over approximately 1 hour prior to surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients \> 18 years of age * patients with newly diagnosed, suspected or recurrent glioblastoma (gbm) patients with enhancing tumors greater than 1.5 ml clinically indicated for surgical resection. recurrent gbm must have occurred more than 3 months after the end of radiation therapy per response assessment in neuro-oncology criteria (rano) guidelines exclusion criteria: * counterindication to magnetic resonance imaging (mri) (patient has a pacemaker or metal in the body) * patients \< 18 years of age
study with subjects 18-65 years old with partial onset seizures who are currently taking levetiracetam

Conditions: Epilepsy, Partial

Summary: this trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of ucb44212 as add-on therapy in subjects with focal epilepsy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males/females from 18 to 65 years of age (minimum body weight of 40 kg) * subjects with a confirmed diagnosis of epilepsy suffering from partial onset seizures whether or not secondarily generalized * subjects who have been treated for epilepsy for \>= 6 months and are currently uncontrolled while being treated with 1-3 concomitant aed(s), inclusive of levetiracetam (lev) * female subjects without childbearing potential or those who are using an acceptable contraceptive method exclusion criteria: * seizures occurring in clusters. status epilepticus within 6 months of visit 1. history of non-epileptic seizures * subjects on vigabatrin * subjects on felbamate, unless treatment has been continuous for \>2 years * ongoing psychiatric disease other than mild controlled disorders * subjects with clinically significant organ dysfunction * known allergic reaction or intolerance to pyrrolidine derivatives and/or excipients * pregnant or lactating women * use of benzodiazepines (for any indication) taken at a higher frequency than an average of once a week, unless counted as one of the concomitant antiepileptic drug (aeds).

Keywords: epilepsy partial onset seizures seletracetam levetiracetam
assessment of a new food product in metabolically at risk children

Conditions: Cardiovascular Risk Factor; Inflammation; Micronutrient Deficiency

Summary: the current study conducted will lend toward the optimization of the development of a food product that will promote a shift towards improved metabolic health. specifically, this trial will determine the optimal level of protein needed to elicit positive changes in markers of inflammation, metabolic and micronutrient status, hepatic lipid metabolism, vascular function, and the relationship of these changes to the metabolome in school aged children (9 - 13 years of age).

each participant will be asked to participate in a screening and 2 study intervention visits. each intervention visit will include anthropometric measures, complete the education component, vascular function tests, and a blood draw and spot urine. the screening visit will confirm the child's eligibility for study enrollment and will serve to acclimate the child to the vascular function, and physical activity measurements. the remaining 2 visits will be scheduled 4 weeks apart. the participants will also be provided and asked to wear a physical activity monitor, which in addition to tracking physical activity, will also be used to incorporate a nutrition education program. the parent/guardian will be asked to help with providing the child the daily food product and to help their child fill out the compliance log. volunteers will also be sought for stool and saliva collection.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female 9-13 years old * subject is willing and able to comply with the study protocols * subject is willing to consume the test products * access to a smart phone or tablet at least 1x / week; and willing to download a free applications associated with the study exclusion criteria: * allergies or intolerances to peas, legumes, pulses, soy, dairy or wheat/gluten * under current medical supervision * tanner score = 4 * non-english speaking * current participation in a daily exercise routine of moderate or high intensity * self-reported presence of disease, a history of serious illness, or who are currently under acute medical care. * currently taking prescription drugs or supplements * any supplement use, including multi-vitamin/ mineral, herbal, plant or botanical, fish oil, and oil supplements. * self-reported malabsorption or gastrointestinal issues * current enrollee in a clinical research study.
teen sleep health study

Conditions: Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm; Adolescent Behavior

Summary: the objective of this project is to develop an effective, yet feasible strategy to extend school-night sleep duration of older adolescents.

the investigators are developing and testing a feasible behavioral intervention to increase school-night sleep duration by shifting the circadian system earlier and providing a time management plan for after-school activities in youngsters between 14 and 17 years and enrolled in high school. this study tests morning bright light and a school-night time management plan to facilitate earlier bedtimes to increase sleep duration. circadian phase, sleep, neurobehavioral functioning and mood are measured before and immediately after the 2-week intervention and compared to a control group. long-term effectiveness, adherence, and acceptability are also examined in a 3-week extension study. these data will provide evidence-based treatment strategies for delayed and sleep-restricted adolescents, and acceptability of and adherence to the treatment in this age group.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 14- 17 years; enrolled in high school; lives in or near chicago, il exclusion criteria: -

Keywords: circadian rhythms sleep adolescence
effects of a patient portal intervention to address diabetes care gaps

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a novel patient portal intervention on the number of patients with diabetes care gaps (e.g., no diabetes eye exam i the last 12 months). the intervention is designed to: (a) notify patients when selected, clinically meaningful, evidence-based diabetes monitoring \& preventative care (e.g., annual urine microalbumin) are due and (b) allow patients to initiate orders for the care.

participants will be recruited from 14 vumc-affiliate adult primary care clinics located throughout middle tennessee. patients will be randomized 1:1 to the intervention or usual care. 500 adult patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus will be assigned to one of two arms. 250 will be assigned to receive access to the intervention embedded within an existing patient web portal (my health at vanderbilt) at vanderbilt university medical center. 250 will be assigned to a usual care comparison arm with access to the currently available version of my health at vanderbilt without the study intervention. at enrollment, participants will complete a baseline questionnaire and diabetes health data will be abstracted from the patients' electronic health record (ehr) before being assigned to the intervention or control arm. participants will receive additional follow-up questionnaires and diabetes health data will be abstracted from the ehr at 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups to assess outcomes. in addition, system usage data (user analytics) will be collected throughout the study period.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * established patient with a participating primary care physician from a participating clinic * type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus * able to read in english * age 18 to 75 years old * mobile device (smartphone or tablet) with internet access * active my health at vanderbilt (mhav) account exclusion criteria: * a medical condition that prevents use of a mobile device * pregnant or planning to become pregnant during the study period * severe difficulty seeing * on dialysis

Keywords: diabetes mellitus self-efficacy patient web portals health information technology
the effect of angiotensin ii type 1 receptor antagonists on the size and expansion rate of abdominal aortas in hypertensive patients

Conditions: Aneurysm; Hypertension

Summary: abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa) is a common disease that develops from degeneration of the aortic wall. the natural history of aaa is gradual expansion and if left untreated may result in rupture and death. the mechanism of the development of this disease is unknown however it appears to be multifactorial and possibly related to degradation processes within the arterial wall. there is growing evidence that angiotensin receptor blockers ( arbs) may have an inhibitory effect on remodelling processes within the arterial wall, thus inhibiting degeneration of the vessel wall. study hypothesis: arbs are associated with smaller diameters of aortas among hypertensive patients, and are associated with a lower rate of aortic expansion compared to other antihypertensive drugs.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * medically treated hypertensive patients, ages 50-80 exclusion criteria: * pregnant women * patients previously treated for aortic disease * unable to sign informed consent, minors
pe audit and feedback pilot study

Conditions: Physical Inactivity; Cardiovascular Diseases

Summary: school physical education (pe) is one of the most valuable tools for increasing physical activity and fitness among youth of all backgrounds; however, compliance with existing pe laws is low (and differential by school race/ethnic and family-income composition, contributing to health disparities), and best practices for increasing compliance remain unknown. this study proposes to examine a novel approach for increasing pe law compliance by testing a pe audit and feedback tool (adapted from a tool used by the new york city department of education) in oakland, california schools to determine the effectiveness, adaptability, and scalability of this potential cost-effective approach for increasing pe law compliance and student physical activity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elementary school in the oakland unified school district * \>50% of students in the school qualify for free or reduced-price meals * \>80% of students non-white exclusion criteria: * having a pe program known by the pe director to be well-established and/or meet/exceed district expectations for pe
prevalence of mlfa types and md in egyptian children with erupted canines

Conditions: Destructive Attachment of Labial Frenum

Summary: descriptive observational cross sectional study outpatient at faculty of dentistry cairo university pediatric dentistry department clinic with midline diastema and fully erupted canines will be examined and assess type of frenal attachment to see if correlation present or not


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * systemically healthy children * egyptian children with fully erupted canines * patient presented for routine evaluation or treatment exclusion criteria: * children who exhibited congenital anomalies or orofacial defects * children with previous trauma in frenal area which affect its morphology * children have previous surgical intervention in labial frenum or in the maxillary anterior region. * children have any syndromes or habits that affect the anterior maxillary region.

Keywords: midline diastema, prevalence, maxillary frenal types
the efficacy of intraoperative pulmonary nodules localization guided by virtual reality technology

Conditions: Lung Neoplasm

Summary: as the detection of small pulmonary nodules continuously grows, the intraoperative localization of small pulmonary nodules is in great demand. the intraoperative localization nowadays is usually done under local anesthesia before surgery. there is a certain rate of failure and complication. the result of our early animal experiments show that the pulmonary surgery marker system can deliver the intraoperative localization safely and precisely under anesthesia, and the average distance between the localization and the simulated lesion is less than 5mm during surgery. therefore, the safety and feasibility of the system require further evaluation in patients

this is a prospective, mulitiple-center clinical trial initiated by the investigator. lungbrella marker can be accurately implanted into a predetermined position in the lung assisted by jedivision software and successfully marked the pulmonary nodules which needs to undergo video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. the study is expected to enroll 90 patients. finally, the effectiveness and safety of the method will be evaluated. this method not only can complete pulmonary nodule localization in the operating room without occupying the resources of radiology department, but also can let patients receive pulmonary nodule location after anesthesia. thereby the risks during transportation are avoided and the suffering of patients is reduced.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: • diagnosis of pulmonary nodule, single nodule operation to be performed and nodule to be located by the decision of chief surgeon. • commit to follow the research procedures and cooperate with the implementation of the whole process research • 1 / 3 of pulmonary nodules are located in the periphery of the lung • signed informed consent with date exclusion criteria: • the target lesion is close to the hilar or large blood vessels • subjects with fev1 less than 1.2 in lung function • subjects with cardiac function iii and cardiac function iv (nyha, new york) • subjects with uncontrollable acute pleura infection • patients with previous history of thoracic surgery (thoracotomy), plural infection, and plural thickening and adhesion on the affected side • other factors that investigators disagree enrollment.

Keywords: lung neoplasm localization of lung nodules ground glass opacity sublobar resection