Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
smoking cessation interventions in stroke patients

Conditions: Ischemic Stroke

Summary: the primary objective of the present randomized controlled trial is to compare the effectiveness of three anti-smoking interventions of different intensities. it has been hypothesised that early follow-up visits facilitate post-stroke smoking cessation in patients hospitalized because of first-ever ischemic stroke.

background: it is well known, that continued smoking after stroke increases the risk of death and stroke recurrence within a few years after the first stroke. searching for more efficient methods of antismoking interventions is therefore justified. objectives: the primary objective of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of three anti-smoking interventions of different intensities. design: randomized, controlled trial. methods: study participants will be recruited among patients of neurological clinics of institute of psychiatry and neurology, hospitalized because of their first in a lifetime ischemic stroke. all stroke patients will be screened regarding their smoking status. the subjects will be patients smoking cigarettes immediately before their first-ever stroke, able to understand the research protocol procedures and able to cooperate during the investigation. antismoking interventions will be based on the "5a's" method. study participants will be randomized to one of three interventions differing in follow-up intensity.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients smoking immediately prior to stroke * the first in the lifetime ischemic stroke * ability to understand the research protocol procedures and cooperation during the investigation * reported availability of and declaration to participate in follow-up * informed consent to participate in the study exclusion criteria: * severe stroke * stroke onset more than 3 weeks before admission * history of previous stroke with clinical symptoms * hemorrhagic stroke * diagnosis of dementia or presence of other neurological disease (parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, huntington's chorea, a previous subarachnoid haemorrhage, meningitis, cerebral trauma in an interview)

Keywords: ischemic stroke smoking cessation antismoking interventions
results of crs and debulking in pmp patients

Conditions: Pseudomyxoma Peritonei

Summary: the aim of this study was to compare debulking surgery and cytoreductive surgery in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei with respect to efficacy and safety.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with radiology histopathology finding of pseudomyxoma peritonei exclusion criteria: * preformance status who \>2 and histopathology shows other origin then pseudomyxoma peritonei

Keywords: pseudomyxoma peritonei cytoreductive surgery debulking surgery intraperitoneal chemotherapy
preference of women with recurrent urinary tract infection for vaginal estradiol tablet vs cream

Conditions: Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection

Summary: vaginally applied estrogen has been shown to decrease the incidence of recurrent urinary tract infection (ruti) in post-menopausal women. however, prior studies have shown the compliance rate for topical estrogen cream is low. the vaginal estradiol tablet has been shown to be preferred by patients being treated for genitourinary syndrome of menopause and has improved compliance. there are no studies looking at the preference of post-menopausal women with ruti for vaginal estradiol tablet as an alternative to vaginal estradiol cream.

this study is a cross-over randomized study to assess preference. participants will be in the study for 6 months, they will use vaginal estradiol cream for 3 months and vaginal estradiol tablet for 3 months. patients who meet diagnostic criteria for ruti will be recruited. group a participants will start with 3 months of cream and then switch to tablets. group b will start with 3 months of tablets and switch to cream. in addition, participants may be started on other supplemental medications (cranberry, d-mannose, methenamine) at the discretion of their provider. patients will get monthly phone calls to assess for side effects, safety concerns, and symptoms of uti.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women age 20-80 who are post-menopausal or have undergone surgical menopause. post-menopausal defined as amenorrhea for ≥ 1 year, or surgical menopause through bilateral oophorectomy, or menopausal symptoms for ≥ 1 year in women with prior hysterectomy * new or previous diagnosis of recurrent urinary tract infections (ruti) (3 or more utis in the past year or 2 or more utis in the last 6 months) must have at least one culture documented uti, the remaining can be documented by urinalysis showing nitrites and leukocyte esterase. * not currently taking daily prophylactic antibiotics * willing to use vaginal estrogen for prevention of recurrent utis exclusion criteria: * interstitial cystitis or bladder pain syndrome, nephrolithiasis, genitourinary abnormalities, fistula, history of renal transplant or anatomic abnormality of the kidney * fecal incontinence, intermittent catheterization or indwelling catheter, poorly controlled dm, urothelial cancer, estrogen-sensitive cancer including active breast cancer * recent urologic surgery within 3 months * inability to retain vaginal tablet (ex due to advanced prolapse, history of colpocleisis) * other medical reasons that are deemed incompatible with vaginal estrogen treatment * use of vaginal estrogen in the past 1 month- patients can be recruited after a 1 month wash-out period * inability to follow up at clinic study site to give sample, for example due to transportation issues * organ transplant patients * patients on systemic hormone replacement therapy (hrt)

Keywords: vaginal estradiol cream vaginal estradiol tablet
a multicenter prospective clinical cohort study on the pathogen spectrum of hiv/aids complicated with infection

Conditions: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; HIV Infections

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to determine the incidence and spectrum of opportunistic infections among chinese hiv/aids patients at this stage, to find intervention targets, to construct an early warning prediction model, and to give an individualized program with integrated immune function to obtain salvage opportunities for patients.the main questions it aims to answer are: * describe the populations and characteristics of pathogenic microorganisms involved in hiv co-infection, map the spatial and temporal changes in the infection system of pathogenic microorganisms, and evaluate their impact on disease regression. * explore the mechanism of interaction between pathogenic microorganisms and host autoimmune deficiencies. * discover early warning and predictive markers and immunological indicators of pathogenic microorganisms, and explore new technologies and programs to reduce the mortality rate of infection.

aids is a chronic systemic disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), which leads to reduced or defective immune function, causing a variety of serious opportunistic infections and tumors, and a significant increase in the mortality rate. this study focuses on the impact of secondary infections on the clinical prognosis of patients with hiv/aids, and intends to establish a prospective, multicenter clinical cohort of hiv/aids patients with combined infections with a variety of pathogens, to map the infectious pathogens, to correlate the characteristics of the basic immune status with the spectrum of pathogens of secondary infections, and to establish a monitoring and early-warning system of secondary infections, so that we can explore safe and effective treatments to further reduce the disease and mortality rate.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. sign the informed consent form. 2. hiv positive. 3. any gender, age 18 to 70 years old exclusion criteria: 1.patients deemed unsuitable by the investigator to participate in the study.

Keywords: infection pathogen spectrum cohort study
pharmacokinetic profiling of pembrolizumab and nivolumab in patients with melanoma and/or non-small cell lung cancer

Conditions: Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma; Melanoma

Summary: this early phase i study collects blood samples and monitors the levels of pembrolizumab and nivolumab as they move through the body in patients with melanoma and/or non-small cell lung cancer. pembrolizumab and nivolumab are a monoclonal antibodies that may interfere with the ability of cancer cells to grow and spread. studying samples of blood in the laboratory from patients receiving pembrolizumab and nivolumab may help doctors learn more about the effects of pembrolizumab and nivolumab on cells. it may also help doctors understand how well patients respond to treatment. information from this study may be used in the future to guide physicians to make dosage adjustments based on serum concentrations of drug to minimize adverse side effects and maximize the effect of the drug.

primary objective: i. to perform a steady-state pk study on patients who are taking monoclonal antibody therapy (25 patients starting pembrolizumab and 25 patients starting nivolumab for melanoma or non-small cell lung cancer). ii. develop and validate a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) assay to measure pembrolizumab and nivolumab in serum. iii. measure patient samples for pembrolizumab/nivolumab at various clinical time points. iv. use the pharmacokinetic data (drug concentrations) to determine the area under the curve (auc), maximum observed serum concentration (cmax), clearance, half-life (t1/2), and trough steady-state drug concentrations. v. compare the data to the clinical efficacy (defined using response evaluation criteria in solid tumors \[recist\] 1.1 criteria)1, as well as, presence of auto-immune side effects using multiple variable regression modeling in statistical analysis system (sas) version (v)9.4 or other statistical software. outline: patients undergo collection of blood samples and have medical records reviewed on study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults who are at steady-state and taking monoclonal antibody therapy with pembrolizumab or nivolumab for melanoma or non-small cell lung cancer. steady-state for pembrolizumab is week 21 or later and for nivolumab is week 14 or later from the initial infusion exclusion criteria: * patients not taking pembrolizumab or nivolumab or taking pembrolizumab or nivolumab for other indications (not melanoma or non-small cell lung cancer).
study of recombinant human serum albumin/granulocyte colony-stimulating factor fusion protein

Conditions: Chemotherapy-induced Neutropenia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the dosages of recombinant human serum albumin/granulocyte colony-stimulating factor fusion protein by injection for preventing neutrophilic granulocytopenia among chemotherapy patients. conduct pharmacokinetics (pk) study on recombinant human serum albumin/granulocyte colony-stimulating factor fusion protein with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor injection as a control.

* brief protocol: treat the patients taking taxotere+epirubicin+cyclophosphamide (tec) treatment or taxotere+epirubicin (te) treatment chemotherapy with the study medicine or positive control during the period between two chemotherapy treatments. * positive control：recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor injection. * targeted patients: breast cancer * grouping: group 1: 1.2 mg recombinant human serum albumin/granulocyte colony-stimulating factor fusion protein with tec or te treatment; group 2: 1.5 mg recombinant human serum albumin/granulocyte colony-stimulating factor fusion protein with tec or te treatment; group 3: positive control with tec or te treatment. * number of patients: 216 * concomitant medicines will be conducted.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18-65. * diagnosed breast cancer, suitable for tec or te . * ecog performance status 0 or 1. * adjuvant chemotherapy; new adjuvant chemotherapy; newly diagnosed class ⅳ and prior chemotherapy. * anc≥1.5×10 9/l, plt≥100×10 9/l. no bone marrow metastasis,blood coagulation function normally, no hemorrhagic tendency. * no obvious abnormal ecg examination. * tbil, alt, ast≤2.5×uln (≤5×uln if presence of hepatic metastases). * cr, bun≤2.5×uln. * signed informed consent. exclusion criteria: * chemotherapy within past 4 weeks * uncontrolled inflammatory disease,axillary temperature≥38℃. * merging other malignant tumor * pregnancy or nursing status. * participation in another clinical trial with and investigational product within 3 months prior to study entry. * severe diabetes mellitus, or poor blood sugar controller. * allergic disease or allergic constitution. history of protein allergy. * history of drug addiction and alcoholism. * hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or organ transplantation. * chronic disease of severe cardiac, kidney and liver. * other conditions that would be excluded from this study according to doctors'judgment
severe covid-19 infection in children presenting to eds in israel and england

Conditions: COVID-19; Inflammatory Response

Summary: even though the covid-19 pandemic is no longer at its peak, the threat still lingers. engaging in prospective surveillance studies will enable us to monitor the disease and prepare for any potential resurgence. covid-19 surveillance studies are essential tools for policymakers to make informed decisions, allocate resources, and develop strategies to control the spread of the virus and protect public health. the objective of this surveillance study is to prospectively assess in-hospital severe morbidity related to covid-19 infection in children who present to the pediatric emergency department (ed). a prospective multicenter study will be conducted across eight eds in israel and five eds in the united kingdom. the study population will include children aged 16 years or younger with a severe acute covid-19 infection. confirmation of acute covid-19 infection will be based on polymerase chain reaction nasopharyngeal swab testing. the study will also include patients diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (mis-c), as defined by the cdc.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. saci patients aged 16 years or younger with a positive covid-19 pcr nasopharyngeal swab testing or bronchoalveolar sample who meet the definition of saci: * receive oxygen via low-flow nasal cannula or oxygen mask, high-flow nasal cannula, bilevel or continuous positive airway pressure machine, mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) or * admitted to icu 2. mis-c patients aged 16 years or younger diagnosed with mis-c
primary hepatobiliary cancer cohort of central china

Conditions: Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Biliary Tract Neoplasms

Summary: this registry is designed as a longitudinal cohort study of patients diagnosed with primary hepatobiliary cancer in tongji hospital, wuhan. this study collects the clinical-pathological features of hepatic malignant tumors and the current status of patients who received comprehensive treatment based on surgical treatment since 1998.

this longitudinal observational cohort study was designed to make standardized settlements, statistical treatments, and comprehensive analysis of primary hepatobiliary cancers in middle china, which summarize and estimate the population, tumor staging, treatment mode, clinical-pathological characteristics, and the prognosis, to provide evidence for standardized treatment of hepatobiliary cancers.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. ≥18 years old, 2. life expectancy is at least 6 months. 3. diagnosed as primary liver cancer or biliary malignant tumor by histopathology or confirmed by imaging as hcc (by the aasld or guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of primary liver cancer of china (version 2022). 4. at least one measurable lesion (recist v1.1) 5. subjects volunteer to participate in the study and sign informed consent. exclusion criteria: patients with one or more of the following criteria should be excluded: 1. ct or mri shows no measurable lesions (recist v1.1). 2. patients after comprehensive assessment are considered by the investigators to be unsuitable for participating in the study. 3. incomplete baseline or follow-up data 4. suffering from more than two kinds of primary tumors

Keywords: primary hepatobiliary cancer
differences of small airways function between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(copd) and asthma-copd overlap(aco)

Conditions: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Asthma-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap Syndrome; Small Airway Disease; Quality of Life

Summary: the purpose of this study is to research the differences of small airways function between subjects with diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(copd) and asthma-copd overlap(aco).the assessment of quality of life is also carried out through questionnaires.

this is a randomized,open-label study to research the differences of small airways function between simple chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(copd) and asthma-copd overlap(aco).assessment of small airways is conducted at baseline,including forced expired volume in one second(fev1),forced vital capacity(fvc),peak expiratory flow(pef),maximum expiratory flow rate at 75% of vital capacity(mef75),maximum expiratory flow rate at 50% of vital capacity(mef50),maximum expiratory flow rate at 25% of vital capacity(mef25),impulse oscillometry,diffusion function,residual volume(rv) and total lung capacity(tlc).budesonide(160ug) and formoterol(4.5ug) bid will be given to both groups(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma-copd overlap) for 3 months.quality of life is assessed through questionnaires including modified medical research council dyspnoea scale(mmrc),st george's respiratory questionnaire(sgrq) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test(cat).all of the patients will have a follow-up visit after 3 months' treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female patients 18 to 80 years-old. * a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease according to the global initiative for chronic obstructive disease(gold 2018) guidelines are recruited to the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease group.a diagnosis of asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap according to global initiative for chronic obstructive disease(gold 2018),global initiative for asthma(gina 2018) and spanish copd guidelines(gesepoc 2017) are recruited to the asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap group. * willing and able to provide written informed consent. * willing and able to attend all study visits and adhere to all study assessments and procedures. exclusion criteria: * severe comorbidities including unstable cardiac or pulmonary disease or any other medical conditions including unstable ischemic heart disease,unstable cardiac arrhythmia or heart failure,life threatening arrhythmias,etc. * recent history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation requiring hospitalization or need for increased treatments for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease within 6 weeks.

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap small airway quality of life
is a collective person-centered dialogue intervention for hospitalised copd patients feasible?

Conditions: COPD Exacerbation Acute; Nutrition Poor; Physical Inactivity; Relatives

Summary: the aim of this mixed methods trial is to investigate the feasibility of a collective person-centred dialogue (cope-d) intervention delivered by an interdisciplinary team for a population of patients hospitalised and diagnosed with copd and their relatives. the main questions it aims to answer are: * the clinical uncertainties: what components of the cope-d intervention are delivered to the included patients? (the data will be collected from the patient's journal record) * the clinical uncertainties: how acceptable is the cope-d intervention for the patients, relatives, and the interdisciplinary team? (answered by patient and relative interviews with a structured interview guide before discharge and 14 days after hospitalisation, and by the interdisciplinary team using focus-group interviews after the intervention enrolment). * the procedural uncertainties: are the patients willing to engage in the trial? (estimated by the inclusion rate). the interdisciplinary team will be instructed to deliver and document the cope-d intervention. the primary focus of cope-d intervention is to prepare and enhance the patient's and relative's ability to regain their everyday life after discharge. the cope-d intervention includes a dialogue tool based on a needs assessment, an action plan template, and a patient guide that prepares for discharge. the interdisciplinary team will collaborate with copd patients and their relatives to: 1. assess the patient's need for nutrition and physical activity support, both during and after hospitalisation using the dialogue tool. 2. develop an action plan for nutrition and physical activity support using the action plan template. 3. the interdisciplinary team will provide, adjust, and document the nutritional and physical activity support provided by the action plan. 4. prior to discharge, patients and their relatives are given a discharge guide with pre-defined questions to ask healthcare professionals, a contact telephone number to the outpatient clinic for follow-up if needed, and information about prescriptions for oral nutritional supplementation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed with copd * speak and understand danish. exclusion criteria: * patients in the end-of-life phase. * patients living in nursing homes. * patients with cognitive impairments avoiding participation.

Keywords: copd nutrition physical activity person-centered dialogue
comparing sbrt to crt in patients with spinal metastases

Conditions: Spinal Metastases

Summary: this is a single institutional registry-based, prospective, observational study to describe radiation oncologists' decision making during evaluation of patients and to compare real-world outcomes of sbrt vs crt. a registry-based trial involves observing the effect of something without manipulating it.

the purpose of this study is to study the differences between crt and sbrt. the investigator's are assessing radiation oncologists' decision-making during the evaluation of patients with spinal metastases by requesting radiation oncologists complete a questionnaire. additionally, the investigator's will compare outcomes, including local progression, pain response and overall survival between sbrt and crt. by collecting this information, the investigator's will develop an evidence-based algorithm that may be used to support medical decision-making for others with spinal metastases in the future.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults 18 years of age or older. * patients seen at the princess margaret cancer centre with painful spinal metastases amenable to radiation treatment. * confirmation of diagnosis: a) known/documented prior histological cancer diagnosis * able to provide written consent * ecog performance status 0-3 exclusion criteria: * prior radiotherapy, with fields overlapping, resulting in excessive doses to organs at risk * lymphoma, myeloma or germ cell malignancies