Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
benefits and risks of newborn screening for cystic fibrosis

Conditions: Cystic Fibrosis; Lung Disease; Pseudomonas Infections

Summary: although cystic fibrosis (cf) is the most common, life-threatening autosomal recessive genetic disorder of the white population, there are often delays in diagnosis and hence start of treatment. advances of the past two decades have made cf screening feasible using routinely collected neonatal blood specimens and measuring an enzyme level followed by cf mutation dna analysis. our overall goal of the study is to see if early diagnosis of cf through neonatal screening will be medically beneficial without major risks. ''medically beneficial'' refers to better nutrition and/or pulmonary status, whereas '' risks'' include laboratory errors, miscommunication or misunderstanding, and adverse psychosocial consequences. specific aims include assessment of the benefits, risks, costs, quality of life, and cognitive function associated with cf neonatal screening and a better understanding of the epidemiology of cf. a comprehensive, randomized clinical trial emphasizing early diagnosis as the key variable has been underway since 1985. nutritional status has been assessed using height and weight measurements and biochemical methods. the results have demonstrated significant benefits in the screened (early diagnosis) group. we are now focusing on the effect of early diagnosis of cf on pulmonary outcome. pulmonary status is measured using chest radiographs, chest scans using high resolution computerized tomography, and pulmonary function tests. other factors that we are looking at include risk factors for the acquisition of respiratory pathogens such as pseudomonas aeruginosa, quality of life and cognitive function of children with cf who underwent early versus delayed diagnosis, as well as the cost effectiveness of screening and the costs of diagnosis and treatment of cf throughout childhood. if the questions underlying this study are answered favorably, it is likely that neonatal screening using a combination of enzyme level (immunoreactive trypsinogen) and dna test will become the routine method for identifying new cases of cf not only in the state of wisconsin, but throughout the country.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * must have been born in the state of wisconsin * must have been born between april 15, 1985 and june 30, 1994 * must have had a valid newborn screening test for cystic fibrosis in the first 28 days of life. * must have a sweat chloride test greater or equal to 60 mmol/liter * parental consent

Keywords: cystic fibrosis immunoreactive trypsinogen deltaf508- cftr gene newborn screening pseudomonas aeruginosa infection nutrition pulmonary status meconium ileus growth genetic counseling risk communication
statins in reducing events in the elderly mind (staree-mind) imaging substudy

Conditions: Dementia, Mixed; Dementia, Vascular; Dementia of Alzheimer Type; Cognitive Decline; White Matter Hyperintensity; Aging; Neuro-Degenerative Disease

Summary: the staree-mind imaging sub-study will examine the effect of statin treatment over a 4-year period, compared with placebo, on markers of brain health.

staree-mind imaging is a sub-study nested in the statins in reducing events in the elderly (staree) double blind randomised placebo-controlled trial. staree is investigating whether statins can prolong good health and maintain independence amongst older people and is enrolling. staree-mind imaging aims to recruit a sub-group of 340 participants, and will involve an additional suite of brain imaging in these participants, at recruitment (before medication is commenced) and at 4 years follow-up. it will provide crucial information about the clinical effects of statins on brain health in older individuals.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants in the staree rct and eligible for randomisation to study medication. * men and women * aged ≥70 years * living independently in the community * willing and able to provide informed consent and agree to participate in brain neuroimaging. * able to attend one of the 2 sites (in melbourne and brisbane) where the imaging will take place. exclusion criteria: * contraindications to have magnetic resonance neuroimaging performed. * history of invasive brain surgery or known structural bran abnormalities.

Keywords: white matter mean diffusivity perivascular space free water white matter hyperintensity
immediate maintained cannulation of a newly implanted prosthetic arteriovenous access for acute hemodialysis

Conditions: End-Stage Renal Disease; Prosthetic Arteriovenous Access

Summary: objectives: examine the acute utility of immediate maintained cannulations of a newly implanted prosthetic arteriovenous access. background: recurrent failure of central catheterization is not uncommon. an alternative access is necessary for acute hemodialysis after the exhaustion of central veins. methods: we constructed the access by cannulating two dialysis needle-catheters and securing them on the skin after the implantation of the graft. the access was used immediately and maintained for one week and thereafter used as a long-term access.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * end-stage renal disease underwent the specific prosthetic arteriovenous access creation in our hospital from november 2003 to october 2005 exclusion criteria: * patients' poor health as long as they did not have other options and needed an access for acute hemodialysis. exclusions included shock, active systemic infection, and rejection by the attending nephrologists

Keywords: underwent specific creation hospital november 2003 october 2005
surgery versus non-surgical treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in patients older than 70 years

Conditions: Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Esophagectomy; Radiotherapy; Chemotherapy

Summary: to determine whether older patients who underwent esophagectomy had better outcome survival than those who were non-surgically treated.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. pathology confirmed escc, 2. patients with esophagectomy or radiotherapy (rt)/chemotherapy (ct), 3. age ≥ 70. exclusion criteria: 1. having other malignant tumours, 2. missing of required data.
changes in cerebral oxygenation during the administration of cell saver blood and allogeneic blood

Conditions: Idiopathic Scoliosis; Transfusion Reaction

Summary: a prospective study designed to evaluate changes in tissue and cerebral oxygenation before and following administration of blood for patients undergoing spinal surgery. red blood transfusions (autologous and allogeneic) are indicated to improve oxygen delivery to the tissues and hence tissue oxygenation. despite the presumed efficacy, there are limited data to demonstrate changes in tissue oxygenation with the administration of blood. furthermore, the administration of both autologous blood from cell saver and allogeneic blood can be associated with both acute and long-term deleterious physiologic effects which may impact the perioperative course. as such, data are needed to clearly delineate the benefits of transfusion during the perioperative period.

this prospective study will include patients presenting for spinal surgery. there will be no change in the anesthetic or perioperative care of these patients. per our usual clinical routine, cell saver will be used intraoperatively to limit the need for allogeneic blood. tissue and cerebral oxygenation will be monitored using near infrared spectroscopy (nirs). the device is applied non-invasively like pulse oximetry to a muscle bed (usually the deltoid) and the forehead to measure tissue oxygenation. these devices are used routinely in the operating room and the cardiothoracic intensive care unit. although not used on every major orthopedic procedure, these devices are routinely used in various high risk clinical scenarios. as clinically indicated, cell saver blood (autologous) or allogeneic blood will be administered. during this time, tissue and cerebral oxygenation will be recorded every 5 minutes starting 10 minutes before the transfusion and continued for 30 minutes following the transfusion.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * any patient undergoing spinal surgery exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: spinal fusion cerebral oxygenation blood transfusion
clinical characteristics of parkinson's disease subjects with severe hypertension during motor offs.

Conditions: Parkinson Disease; Hypertension; Antiparkinsonism Drugs Causing Adverse Effects in Therapeutic Use

Summary: current management of hypertension in pd motor fluctuators is flawed. the current practice often is to treat transient hypertensive spikes reported by patients or measured in clinics with anti-hypertensive medications. this may contribute to morbidity by worsening orthostatic hypotension and increasing fall risk. there is a scarcity of literature on this subject and there is no documentation of severe hypertension with rises in systolic blood pressure exceeding 50% of baseline occurring during motor "off". there are two studies that have demonstrated that blood pressure fluctuation can occur in motor fluctuators during the "off" state1,2. the study by baratti et al measured blood pressure in 13 parkinson's disease patients, 7 with motor fluctuations and 6 without fluctuations. in the fluctuators, the mean systolic/diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher than the non-fluctuators during the "off" state but not the "on" state.

this is an observational study. this study will only recruit parkinson's subjects with rises in systolic blood pressure exceeding 50% of baseline during motor off periods to select for subjects with severe blood pressure fluctuations. the clinical characteristics, including but not limited to, the degree of change of the motor tapping score, during an "off" period of this group of subjects with severe hypertension. there is a screening visit, a at home monitoring period, and a one-time 4-8 hour study visit for subjects that satisfy the inclusion criteria. the screening visit will assess parkinson's motor state and review the inclusion/exclusion criteria. the at home monitoring period will measure blood pressure twice a levodopa cycle for 5 cycles (for most subjects, this will be for two days and is dependent on the subject's clinical levodopa cycle). measurements will occur pre-levodopa dose (the maximal "off" time), and half-way through the cycle (maximal "on" time). the percentage of change will be calculated and those that have a systolic change of greater than or equal to 50% will proceed to the outpatient visit. the outpatient visit will measure blood pressure, pulse, parkinson's motor symptoms, and plasma levodopa levels.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * idiopathic parkinson's disease fulfilling uk brain bank clinical criteria. * treatment with chronic levodopa (levodopa treatment for ≥ 3 years). * rise in "off" systolic blood pressure exceeding 50% of baseline "on" systolic blood pressure as shown by at home monitoring. * history of "wearing off" prior to 4 hours after the previous levodopa dose per patient report or chart documentation. exclusion criteria: * daily beta-blocker therapy. * diabetes mellitus, autonomic neuropathy, or other condition known to alter autonomic functions. * significant cognitive impairment as measured by the montreal cognitive assessment score of \< 16

Keywords: antiparkinson
ocular mysathenia gravis generalization

Conditions: Ocular Myasthenia Gravis

Summary: secondary ocular myasthenia gravis (omg) generalization represents a pejorative evolution and no validated generalization prevention strategy exists. the aim of this observational study was to determine the percentage of patients with omg generalization and identify factors predictive of that pejorative evolution. data from patients with omg registered in the fondation hospital a. de rothschild database between january 1990 and january 2017 were collected. among the 183 patients registered in this database, 151 patients with available informations were analyzed.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - patients with omg diagnosis and its generalization who consulted between january 1990 to january 2017 at fondation hospital adolphe de rothschild and registered in the database exclusion criteria: - omg differential diagnoses
evaluation of sound therapy in a population of women with fibromyalgia aged between 30 and 60 years

Conditions: Fibromyalgia

Summary: this study focusing on sound therapy in patients with fibromyalgia is a single-centre, prospective, randomized study which evaluates the improvement or not of painful symptoms following relaxation sessions with sound therapy.

sound therapy consists in sound use as therapy and appears to mitigate or even relieve some symptoms. the sonomyal study intends to compare the effects of relaxation sessions with sound therapy delivered by tuning forks to a control group who will benefit from relaxation sessions without tuning fork activation, in a population of women with fibromyalgia. the treatment consists in one session per week during 3 weeks, for a total of 3 sessions. questionnaires to assess pain, anxiety and the ability to let go will be completed by patients before the beginning of the first session and at the end of the last session. the main objective of the study is to assess with a visual analogue scale of pain if 3 relaxation sessions with sound therapy delivered by tuning forks can improve pain perception in patients with fibromyalgia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged between 30 and 60 * fibromyalgia diagnosed according to the criteria of the combined widespread pain index (wpi) and the symptom severity scale (sss) of the american college of rheumatology ; and this whatever the previous analgesic medication and whatever the symptomatology * able to express her consent prior to participation in the study * affiliated to or beneficiary of a social security regimen exclusion criteria: * total deafness in one or both ears (patients with age-related presbycusis can be included) * pregnant women * patient under judicial protection (guardianship, curatorship...) or safeguard of justice

Keywords: fibromyalgia chronic pain sound therapy tuning fork
one-day dispensing clinical evaluation of soflens daily disposable lenses compared to a marketed 1 day contact lens

Conditions: Myopia

Summary: the objective of this one-day study will be to evaluate the clinical performance of soflens daily disposable lenses compared to that of a marketed 1 day contact lens.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have physiologically normal anterior segments not exhibiting clinically significant biomicroscopy findings. * have no active ocular disease or allergic conjunctivitis. * not be using any topical ocular medications. exclusion criteria: * participating in a conflicting study. * considered by the investigator to not be a suitable candidate for participation.
a study to assess the bioequivalence of famotidine chewable tablets and film-coated tablets (0208-144)

Conditions: Heartburn

Summary: this study will determine whether the ct formulation of famotidine taken with and without water is bioequivalent to the fct formulation. the primary hypothesis is that the area under the concentration-time curve (auc) and the maximum plasma concentration (cmax) of a single dose of famotidine 20 mg ct without water are equivalent to a single dose of famotidine 20 mg fct with water.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female participant is not pregnant or lactating * female of childbearing potential must use reliable means of contraception during the course of the study * is in good health * is able to abstain from smoking during the 24-hour periods before and during each treatment day exclusion criteria: * has any major systemic disorders * has a history of ulcers, other gastrointestinal (gi) disease, or gi surgery * has or has a history of any illness or condition that might interfere with optimal participation in the study * has a history of asthma or severe allergies to drugs or foods * currently uses prescribed or non-prescribed drugs on a regular basis * has a recent history of drug/alcohol abuse * consumes more than 6 cups of coffee per day * has unconventional or extreme dietary habits * has donated blood or has been in a clinical trial in which they received an investigational drug during the past 30 days * has a history of allergy or intolerance to antacids * is known to be pregnant or is not using reliable means of contraception
unilateral strength training and mirror therapy for chronic stroke patients

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: this is a pilot randomised controlled trial investigating a combination of unilateral strength training (cross-education) and mirror therapy for the rehabilitation of lower limb impairment following a stroke. this study has been conducted as part of a phd qualification at the institute of technology sligo in ireland with all assessments being conducted at the institute and all therapy sessions taking place at the participant's home. the study was conducted in conjunction with sligo university hospital and it attained ethical approval through the relevant university hospital ethics committee.

the study necessitated patients with chronic stroke to perform a strength training programme with their less-affected lower limb. the mirror and strength training group observed the reflection of the training limb in a mirror, the strength training only group exercised without a mirror entirely. patients were referred through hospital health professionals. prior to trial commencement all participants were given comprehensive trial information and provided signed written informed consent. a total of 35 participants were recruited. after a warm-up participants performed 4 sets of 5 maximal isometric ankle dorsiflexion contractions with their less-affected lower limb, three days per week, for four weeks. patients received outcome assessment prior to the beginning of the intervention, directly after it and at three-month follow-up assessment. all assessments were carried out by a blinded chartered physiotherapist specialising in stroke rehabilitation. patients were assessed using established outcome measures for lower limb isometric strength, motor function, muscle tone, and self-perceived participation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: chronic stroke diagnosed by a physician at least 6 months prior to study begin discharged from formal rehabilitation services (not receiving outpatient rehabilitation on more than a monthly basis, but may still be in receipt of occupational or language therapy). exclusion criteria: impaired cognition (mini mental state examination (mmse) \< 21) cardiovascular, neurological or musculoskeletal impairments of the lower extremity not related to stroke that would prevent strength training. visual impairments that would interfere with the ability to participate safely in isometric training and observe mirror images.
effect of shortwave diathermy versus ultrasound waves on increasing rom and decreasing pain after extensor tendon reconstruction

Conditions: Extensor Tendon Reconstruction

Summary: tendon injuries can result in long-term sequelae, including chronic pain and mobility restrictions, and may warrant surgery. ultrasound is sound with a frequency above 20,000 hertz (hz) and is undetectable by the human ear. ultrasound waves are generated by a piezoelectric effect caused by vibration of crystals within the head of the wand/probe. the sound waves that pass through the skin cause vibration of the local tissue. this can cause a deep heating locally. ultrasound can provide several benefits for treating strains, sprains, tissue healing andpain.n shortwave diathermy is a high frequency current that is obtained by a discharging condenser through inductance of low ohmic resistance. when this high frequency current passes into the tissues, it produces heat into the tissues. pswd heats a much larger area than ultrasound does, making it ideal to heat larger joints, such as the elbow, shoulder, hip, knee, and ankle. this work aims to compare between the effect of shortwave diathermy versus ultrasound waves on increasing rom and decreasing pain after extensor tendon reconstruction. sixty adults patients of both sex, aged from 20 to 30 years, with extensor tendon injuries participated in this study after reconstruction surgeries. they were randomly categorized into three groups of equal numbers. group a received pulsed shortwave diathermy and traditional physical therapy program (splinting, stretching exercises, strengthening exercises and range of motion (rom) exercises), group b received ultrasound waves and traditional physical therapy program (splinting, stretching exercises, strengthening exercises and range of motion (rom) exercises, while group c received only traditional physical therapy program (splinting, stretching exercises, strengthening exercises and range of motion (rom) exercises). pain and finger flexion range of motion will be measured before and after two months of intervention. data and results will be statistically analyzed to give conclusions


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ranged from 20 to 30 years 2. after extensor tendon reconstruction surgeries 3. gender: both male and female exclusion criteria: 1. photosensitivity 2. sensory impairements 3. intellectual disorders 4. pregnant women

Keywords: shortwave diathermy, ultrasound waves, extensor tendon reconstruction, pain, rom, visual analque scale, goniometer
patient education in gastroesophageal reflux disease

Conditions: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Summary: patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (heart-burn, acid regurgitation)may benefit from an educational program explaining the medical aspects of the disease, self-management strategies and how to deal with health services. we hypothesized that patients having participated in an educational program would experience an improved quality of life when compared to patients who did not take part (controls).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * heartburn and acid regurgitation the dominant symptom * needing relief at least 5 days/ week when symptoms were at their worst * disease history at least 3 months * ability to give informed consent exclusion criteria: * current or previous esophagitis stage 2(savary-miller) or greater or peptic ulc * continuous need of proton pump inhibitors or nsaids * wish for surgical treatment * earlier surgical treatment in the gi-tract * pregnancy * alcohol or drug abuse

Keywords: gerd dyspepsia education information