Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
liver positron emission tomography (pet) study of non alcoholic fatty liver disease

Conditions: Fatty Liver

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate how the liver receives and uses fats for energy. this will help the investigators further understand the physical and chemical processes responsible for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) in overweight females with or without nafld who are scheduled to undergo gastric bypass surgery.

this study involves a multidisciplinary approach that will address the metabolic mechanisms responsible for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) in humans. nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) has become an important public health problem in many industrialized countries because of its high prevalence, potential progression to severe liver disease, and association with cardiometabolic abnormalities, including diabetes, the metabolic syndrome, dilated cardiomyopathy, and coronary heart disease. although obesity is an important risk factor for nafld many obese persons have minimal or no steatosis. the mechanism responsible for the pathogenesis of steatosis is not known, but must involve one or more of the following: 1. increased hepatic fatty acid (fa) delivery 2. decreased hepatic fa oxidation 3. increased de novo lipogenesis (dnl) 4. inadequate hepatic triglyceride secretion we hypothesize that alterations in all of these metabolic processes are involved in the pathogenesis of nafld. however, a comprehensive evaluation of these factors in individual cohorts of subjects has never been performed, and the ability to measure hepatic fa oxidation in vivo in human subjects has not been available. the following specific aims will be evaluated in obese women with and without nafld, who are scheduled for bariatric surgery: 1. determine hepatic fa uptake and oxidation by using novel pet techniques in combination with measurements of dnl using stable isotope tracers and by assessing liver tissue fa oxidative capacity by evaluating gene expression of fa oxidative enzymes and mitochondrial content. 2. determine hepatic fatty acid delivery by using stable isotope tracers to assess the rate of free fa (ffa) release into plasma and cellular biology methods to determine the expression and protein content of the major tissue fa transporter (cd36). 3. determine hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein tg (vldl-tg) secretion rate by using stable isotope tracers. 4. determine liver histology and factors involved in inflammation and fibrosis by using routine staining and immunohistochemistry.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * obese females with a bmi of greater then or equal to 45. * age range between 18-45 years. * patients undergoing bariatric surgery at barnes-jewish hospital-st.louis,mo. exclusion criteria: * any prior history or evidence of liver disease other than non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, severe hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes mellitis. * consumed greater then or equal to 20 grams of alcohol per day. * taking medications that are known to cause hepatic steatosis \& liver damage.

Keywords: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
non-inferiority study on mrna-lncrna model in low-risk triple-negative breast cancer patients

Conditions: Triple-negative Breast Cancer

Summary: to compare the efficacy and safety of different adjuvant chemotherapy regimens for low-risk triple-negative breast cancer patients predicted by mrna-lncrna model


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. female participants aged ≥18 and ≤70 years. 2. ecog performance status of 0 to 1. 3. histologically confirmed invasive triple-negative breast cancer (tnbc), defined as breast cancer with estrogen receptor (er), progesterone receptor (pr), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2) all determined to be negative by pathological testing. specifically, er-negative: ihc \&lt;1%, pr-negative: ihc \&lt;1%, her2-negative: ihc -/+ or ihc++ but fish/cish negative. tissue samples must be verified by the central lead institution as low-risk according to the mrna-lncrna model. 4. postoperative early-stage breast cancer patients who have undergone radical surgery, with pathological tnm staging of pt1c-3n0-3m0. 5. normal major organ function, meeting the following criteria: ① hematological examination standards: hb ≥ 90g/l (no blood transfusion within the last 14 days); anc ≥ 1.5×10⁹/l; plt ≥ 75×10⁹/l; ② biochemical examination standards: tbil ≤ 1.5×uln (upper limit of normal); alt and ast ≤ 3×uln; serum cr ≤ 1×uln, and creatinine clearance rate \&gt; 50ml/min (cockcroft-gault formula). 6. women of childbearing potential must use medically approved contraception during the study treatment period and for at least 3 months after the last dose of the study drug. 7. participants must voluntarily join the study, sign the informed consent form, demonstrate good compliance, and cooperate with follow-up procedures. exclusion criteria: 1. patients who have received neoadjuvant treatment, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy, or endocrine therapy. 2. bilateral breast cancer. 3. metastasis at any site. 4. any \&gt;t4 lesions (uicc1987) (involving skin invasion, tumor fixation, or inflammatory breast cancer). 5. history of clinically significant or uncontrolled heart disease, including congestive heart failure, angina, myocardial infarction within the past 6 months, or ventricular arrhythmias. 6. history of other malignancies within the past 5 years, except for cured in situ cervical cancer, basal cell carcinoma, or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. 7. pregnant or breastfeeding women, or women of childbearing potential who are unable to use effective contraception. 8. patients concurrently participating in other clinical trials. 9. severe or uncontrolled infections. 10. known active hbv or hcv infection, or hbv dna ≥ 500, or chronic infection with abnormal liver function. 11. history of substance abuse that cannot be quit or any psychiatric disorders. 12. patients deemed unsuitable for the study by the investigator.
efficacy of tobi podhaler vs. tobramycin inhalation solution

Conditions: Cystic Fibrosis

Summary: inhaled tobramycin is a cystic fibrosis foundation recommended effective treatment for individuals with cystic fibrosis for the management of pseudomonas aeruginosa airway colonization and improves the fev1 and reduces the number of acute pulmonary exacerbations of cf. patients typically use the inhaled tobramycin for a period of 28 days. unfortunately, the standard nebulizer method for delivering tobramycin inhaled solution (tis) is time-consuming and may result in missed therapy doses and suboptimal care. a new inhaled formulation and delivery device, the tobi podhaler (tpi), an alternative method of administering inhaled tobramycin will be used and assessed. this new pocket-sized disposable inhaler is maintenance-free, requires no refrigeration or power source, and should greatly increase patient mobility and improve time management.

adult cystic fibrosis patients from the rush university medical center adult cystic fibrosis program will be recruited for a prospective before and after cohort study to evaluate patient preference for either the tobi podhaler or inhaled tobramycin solution and compare the efficacy of the tobi podhaler to tobramycin inhaled solution. this project will evaluate the potential differences in efficacy, medication adherence, treatment time, side effects/adverse effects, quality of life, and identify patient preferences between the use of tip and tis. measurements after a 28-day cycle of tobramycin inhaled solution, first 28-day cycle of tobi podhaler and third 28-day cycle of tobi podhaler will include fev1, number of acute pulmonary exacerbations, adherence, cough frequency, sputum characteristics, and side effects or adverse events. the quality of life as assessed by the cystic fibrosis questionnaire-revised (cfq-r) will be measured after a 28-day cycle of tobramycin inhaled solution and the third 28-day cycle of tobi podhaler. the fev1 values, number of missed treatments, and total treatment time will be analyzed through a repeated measures analysis of variance. comparisons of the cfq-r data before and after the switch to the tpi will be made with the student's t-test.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adult (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with cystic fibrosis 2. airway colonization with pseudomonas aeruginosa that is sensitive to tobramycin in vitro and currently managed with tobramycin inhaled solution who are interested in switching to the tobi podhaler. exclusion criteria: 1. persons unable to communicate in english, 2. pregnant patients, 3. patients \< 18 years of age

Keywords: cystic fibrosis medication adherence
project uplift for psychogenic non-epileptic seizures

Conditions: Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizure; Depression; Non-Epileptic Seizure; Psychogenic Seizure

Summary: developed by researchers from the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc), project uplift (using practice and learning to increase favorable thoughts) is a group telephone program designed to improve depression for people with epilepsy. project uplift uses evidence-based approaches of cognitive-behavioral therapy (cbt) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy to help people manage and prevent symptoms of depression. for people with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures, there are few treatment options for depression that address the relationship between mood and seizures. there is evidence that mindfulness-based therapy and cognitive therapy are both effective for people with non-epileptic seizures, both in treating depression and reducing seizure frequency. in this study, project uplift will be offered to patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. project uplift is facilitated by a trained clinician to groups of 4-8 patients over the telephone. the group will meet at a regular time, once a week, for 8 consecutive weeks. participants will be assigned to one of two groups: an immediate-treatment or a waitlist control group which will begin project uplift 3 months after enrolling in the study.

upon enrollment in the study, participants will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: an immediate-treatment group, or a 3-month waitlist control group. both groups will be given surveys to complete online, and a seizure calendar to keep track of auras, seizures, and events. the immediate-treatment group will be scheduled to start project uplift with their trained facilitator. each of the eight weekly sessions will take place at the same day of the week and at the same time, and will last approximately one hour. participants will have the option of using a fake-name during the telephone calls to conceal their identity during the group telephone calls. after the 8 weekly sessions, both groups will be given a second set of online surveys to complete individually. at this time, the waitlist control group will be scheduled to start project uplift with the trained facilitator. after the waitlist group completes the final session of project uplift, both groups will complete a third and final set of online surveys, thus concluding all study procedures.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * history of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures, confirmed by study investigator. * literate * reliable telephone access exclusion criteria: * dual diagnosis of pnes with epilepsy. * presence of serious mental illness that will impair ability to participate. * presence of active suicidal ideation at baseline with intention to act. * severe mental disability or estimated intelligent quotient (iq) less than 70. * no reliable telephone access.

Keywords: pnes uplift depression mindfulness cbt managing epilepsy well (mew) network psychogenic seizures non-epileptic seizures
comparison of devices evaluating fractional flow reserve in coronary arteries

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease; Coronary Stenosis; Myocardial Ischemia

Summary: the aim of the study is to compare different devices available to measure fractional flow reserve (ffr) in coronary arteries.

the decision to perform a percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) is usually based on angiographic results alone. angiography can be used for the visual evaluation of the inner diameter of a vessel. visual evaluation is limited by inter-individual variability. fractional flow reserve provides a functional evaluation, by measuring the pressure decline caused by a vessel narrowing. the original studies validating the use of ffr were conducted with only one device (st-jude medical®). recently, new ffr devices have been commercialized but have not yet been compared.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients hospitalized at caen university hospital for coronary angiography * coronary stenosis needing ffr evaluation according to recommendations * more than 18 years old * clinically stable * de novo coronary stenosis * affiliated to social security * informed consent signed exclusion criteria: * unstable patients defined by acute coronary syndrome \< 7 days * contre-indication to adenosine administration (asthma, allergy, high grade atrio-ventricular bloc without pace maker) * history of coronary artery bypass * intra-stent restenosis * patient not capable of understanding the study * informed consent not signed

Keywords: coronary stenosis fractional flow reserve
vr to improve cinv, sleep and pain among children with cancer in hk

Conditions: Neoplasms; Child; Nausea; Vomiting; Sleep Hygiene; Pain

Summary: chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, sleep quality and pain are the common symptoms experienced by children with cancer. these symptoms significantly devastate the children's quality of life. hypnosis is found to be effective in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, sleep quality and pain in children with cancer. in addition, virtual reality is shown to promote the effectiveness of hypnosis in managing these symptoms. however, no study so far has examine it effectiveness in hong kong chinese children with cancer. this study aims to investigate the effectiveness in the use a virtual reality device to improve chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, sleep quality and pain among children with cancer in hong kong.

this study is a randomized controlled trial. we recruit 180 children with cancer who are aged 9 to 18 and chinese speaking and allocate them into experimental and control group. the experimental group will receive a 15-minute hypnosis using virtual reality when they are experiencing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, sleep quality or pain. the control group will receive no intervention.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 9 to 18 * can read chinese and speak cantonese * diagnosed with cancer exclusion criteria: * with mental disabilities or cognitive dysfunction as identified in the medical record
accuracy of acetic acid to predict histopathology of colonic polyps

Conditions: Colonic Polyp

Summary: the use of acetic acid in the characterization of polyps, produces a homogeneous white staining in sessile serrated adenomas, but not in tubular or tubulo-villous adenomas, a simple approach to predict polyp histopathology. to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the use of acetic acid on tubular and serrated adenomas, during colonoscopy, a prospective diagnostic accuracy study was designed, taking as gold standard the pathological anatomy of the resected polyps. polyps found during a colonoscopy with suspicion of sessile serrated adenomas or tubular/tubulo villous will be included.

in our experience tubular or tubulovillous adenomas with acetic acid have the same behavior as normal colonic mucosa. when sprayed with acetic acid they stain white, as well as the surrounding mucosa, but with a subsequent rapid loss of the effect. in contrast, serrated adenomas maintain an "aceto-whitening" reaction even though the surrounding normal mucosa loses staining. the objectives are to determine the sensitivity and specificity, positive and negative probability coefficients of the positive or negative aceto-whitening reaction on serrated adenomas and tubular-tubulo-villous adenomas. to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the use of acetic acid on tubular, tubulo-villous and serrated adenomas a prospective diagnostic accuracy study was designed considering the gold standard as the pathological anatomy of resected polyps. as independent variables the presence or absence of aceto-whitening reaction after staining and the diagnostic impression of the endoscopist without acetic acid are considered. the presence or not of the aceto-whitening reaction will be evaluated, understanding it as the persistence of white staining of the polyp at one minute or three minutes, standing out from the surrounding mucosa. in case of positive staining it will be considered homogeneous if the staining is uniform on the surface of the polyp or heterogeneous if it is done irregularly. place: german hospital, endoscopy unit. data analysis: the data collected in double-entry tables will be captured to obtain the same sensitivity, specificity and positive or negative probability coefficients. sample size: 100 polyps. estimated duration: 1 month

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with colonic polyps\> 5mm with suspicion of tubular, tubulovillious or serrated adenomas, found during a videoolonoscopy. exclusion criteria: * known acetic acid allergy * known or documented history of adenomatous or serrated polyposis * patients with inflammatory bowel disease
a prospective study of femtosecond laser intracorneal lensectomi

Conditions: Myopia; Astigmatism

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare visual acuity, safety, predictability, corneal biomechanics, dry eyes, and nerve-morphology after all femtosecond laser refractive lenticule extraction. approximately 30 to 40 patients with moderate to high myopia will randomly (after ocular dominance) receive relex flex in one eye, and relex smile in the other.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 25 to 45 years, * moderate to high myopia with astigmatism =\< 2 d, * otherwise eye healthy, * cdva of 0.8 or better (snellen). exclusion criteria: * systemic or ocular disease or previous eye surgery, * thin cornea, * a difference of more than 2 d myopia in the eyes of each subject.

Keywords: myopia refractive surgery all femtosecond laser relex flex relex smile
use of virtual reality and video games in the physiotherapy treatment of stroke patients

Conditions: Stroke; Virtual Reality; Physical Therapy

Summary: randomized clinical trial based on the application of virtual reality and video games together with physiotherapy treatment in stroke patients, with the main objective of determining their beneficial effects.

21 participants who will be divided by randomization between a control group and an experimental group. the results will be quantified with the following scales: modified asworth (spasticity). daniels et al (muscle strength) tinetti (balance and gait) berg (balance) joint range

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients receiving neurological physiotherapy treatment. * patients who have suffered a stroke in the last two years. * patients with an age range between 18 and 80 years old. * patients with stroke with the ability to have minimal manual pressure with one limb. exclusion criteria: * patients with stroke who also have degenerative diseases such as alzheimer's or parkinson's. * stroke patients who do not understand the instructions. * patients who have undergone surgery on the evaluated limbs. * patients with scars that limit movement.
paraffin wax bath with joint mobilization technique in post-traumatic stiff knee

Conditions: Knee Pain Chronic

Summary: this project will be a randomized clinical trial conducted to check the effect of paraffin wax bath with joint mobilization technique in rehabilitation of post-traumatic stiff knee joint. study duration will be of 8 months, convenient sampling was done, subject following eligibility criteria from jinnah hospital lahore, will be randomly allocated in two groups, baseline assessment was done, group a participants were given baseline treatment along with paraffin wax bath therapy and maitland knee joint mobilization, group b participants will be given baseline treatment along with maitland knee joint mobilization. assessments will done in 4th week and 8th week via, numeric pain rating scale, goniometer, western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index,4 sessions per week will given, data will analyzed by using spss version 25.

knee stiffness is common problem post traumatically due to process of inhibition often occurs in the early post-injury phase. this leads to the initiation of muscle atrophy within hours of the cessation of normal voluntary muscle activation further; this can result in an increase in the viscosity of synovial fluid within the joint, which provides more resistance to motion. maitland mobilization aims to reestablish the spinning, gliding and rolling motions of the two joints. although paraffin bath therapy has various effects such as analgesia, reducing chronic inflammation, and increasing connective tissue elasticity, it is non-invasive and has few side effects. paraffin wax therapy, combined with exercises and the use of splints, has also been found helpful in restoring the range of movement. the current study is to explore the effect of parrafin wax bath therapy in rehabilitation of posttrumatic stiff knee range of motion, pain and functional status, and emphasize the importance of parrafin wax bath therapy adjunct with mobilization technique in treatment of knee stiffness

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 22-40 yrs. * both male and female * fracture of unilateral knee joint. * subject with 3-6 month after injury * subjects with post traumatic stiffness of knee joint having a minimum of 70º knee flexion exclusion criteria: * recent injuries on knee or on adjacent areas. * neurological problems * subject having polyarthritis, bleeding disorders, tumors, local infection, peripheral vascular disease, leg-length discrepancy of more than one-half inch * any non-traumatic cause of fractures * non traumatic cause of knee stiffness * malignancy

Keywords: post-traumatic stiff knee range of motion pain mobilization