Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
reducing hiv stigma for african american women

Conditions: HIV

Summary: african american women account for 66% of hiv infections in women in the u.s., aids is a leading cause of death for african american women, and african americans have the lowest medication adherence rates compared to other groups in the u.s. one of the reasons for low medication adherence among african americans is fear of stigma. hiv stigma has been linked to depression, psychological distress, poor quality of life, poor medication adherence and service utilization contributing to morbidity and mortality. research has found that stigma is a moderator to poor adherence via depressive symptoms. the current study is a randomized control trial with a time and attention control group to test the effectiveness of a stigma reduction intervention adapted for use with african american women. a total of 224 african american women will be recruited to participate in the study. half of the women will be from chicago, illinois (112) and the other half will be from birmingham, alabama (112). a workshop will be held once a study site has recruited 28 women, half of the women will be in the intervention group (14) and the other half will be in the control group (14). each study site will have 4 cohorts of 28 women. the main aims of the current study are: 1. to determine the long-term effectiveness of the intervention to reduce stigma for african american women living with hiv in chicago illinois and birmingham, alabama 2. to examine whether stigma reduction due to the intervention is associated with improved physical health biomarkers (cd4+ t cell count, viral load), mediated by reduced psychological symptoms (depressive symptoms), improved engagement to care, and improved medication adherence 3. to explore whether stigma reduction due to the intervention is moderated by location (chicago vs. birmingham), transmission risk factor, time since diagnosis, and perceived social support we expect that the multimedia workshop intervention will demonstrate effectiveness in reducing internalized stigma through an easily-disseminated method, and that it will have a positive impact on medication adherence and engagement in care for african american women living with hiv.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * they are women who identify as having an african american racial/ethnic background * born in the u.s. (including women of caribbean origin if born in the u.s. * speak and understand english as their primary language of communication outside the home * they are 18 years of age or older * have a documented hiv positive status (women are on antiretroviral treatment and women who are not on antiretroviral are eligible) * able to see and interact with a touchscreen computer in english. exclusion criteria: * women who not self-identify as african american * women who are african born or born outside the united states * younger than 18 years of age * unable to provide informed consent * life expectancy less than 1 year per physician report * unable to see and interact with a touchscreen computer in english.
simulation based training in medical students

Conditions: Cholera

Summary: transferring classroom learning to real-life situations is a challenge. tabletop simulation exercises offer a low-cost and context-specific approach for educating students on appropriate responses during health emergencies. this randomized controlled trial will evaluate the effectiveness of simulation-based training versus traditional lecture methods in enhancing outbreak investigation skills among medical students.

this randomized controlled trial will assess the efficacy of simulation-based training compared to conventional lecture methods in improving medical students' outbreak investigation skills. it will be conducted at cmh lahore medical college over nine months, the trial will include 4th year mbbs students with no prior outbreak investigation training. participants will be randomized into two groups: an intervention group undergoing simulation-based exercises and a control group receiving traditional lectures.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 4th year mbbs students at cmh lahore medical college without prior outbreak investigation training, * willing to participate and providing informed consent. exclusion criteria: * students with supplementary exams * unwillingness to participate, or * scheduling constraints.

Keywords: cholera outbreak investigation cholera medical students
comparison between different surgical approaches for the treatment of involutional ptosis

Conditions: Involutional Ptosis

Summary: involutional ptosis is a known eyelid pathology in which the eyelid margin obscures part of the visual axis (mrd1).patients usually complains of visual field disturbance, deterioration in quality of life and a poor cosmetic appearance. in clinical practice, two main surgical approaches are performed to the repair of involutional ptosis: 1. anterior approach - skin incision and levator muscle insertion advancement. 2. posterior approach - eyelid reversion and tarsectomy both approaches has its pro's and con's, but to this date, no solid evidence exists to prove which of these techniques is superior in manner of anatomical and functional results. in this prospective study, patients with involutional ptosis will be randomized to each of surgical approaches groups, parameters concerning surgical and post surgical periods will be evaluated.

involutional ptosis is a known eyelid pathology in which the eyelid margin obscures part of the visual axis (mrd1).patients usually complains of visual field disturbance, deterioration in quality of life and a poor cosmetic appearance. in clinical practice, two main surgical approaches are performed to the repair of involutional ptosis: 1. anterior approach - skin incision and levator muscle insertion advancement. 2. posterior approach - eyelid reversion and tarsectomy both approaches has its pro's and con's, but to this date, no solid evidence exists to prove which of these techniques is superior in manner of anatomical and functional results. in this prospective study, patients with involutional ptosis will be randomized to each of surgical approaches groups, parameters concerning surgical and post surgical periods will be evaluated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * involutional ptosis * no previous eyelid surgery exclusion criteria: * previous eyelid surgery or trauma * congenital ptosis * previous glaucoma filtrartion surgery * unwillingness for six months followup
study to assess efficacy and safety of pf-06947386 in japanese adult patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection

Conditions: Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection

Summary: study c3591036 is a phase 3 study to assess the efficacy and safety of pf-06947386 in japanese adult patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection requiring hospitalization. this is a multicenter, open-label, single-arm study. all eligible participants will receive intravenous infusion of pf-06947386 followed by intravenous infusion of metronidazole.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participant who is capable of giving signed, dated and timed informed consent (or by their legally acceptable representative) * participant aged 20 years or older * participant who is willing and able to comply with all scheduled visits, treatment plan, laboratory tests, and other study procedures * confirmation of infection by surgical intervention within 24 hours of entry: evidence of systemic inflammatory response; physical findings consistent with intra-abdominal infection; supportive radiologic imaging findings of intra-abdominal infections * intraoperative/postoperative enrollment with visual confirmation (presence of pus within the abdominal cavity) of an intra-abdominal infection associated with peritonitis exclusion criteria: * participant will undergo surgery for traumatic bowel perforation within 12 hours or perforation of gastroduodenal ulcers within 24 hours. other intra-abdominal processes that are not infectious. * participant has abdominal wall abscess or bowel obstruction without perforation or ischemic bowel without perforation * participant whose surgery will include staged abdominal repair, or "open abdomen" technique, or marsupialization. * participant has evidence of sepsis with shock not responding to iv fluid challenge or anticipated to require the administration of vasopressors for \>24 hours * participant has suspected intra-abdominal infections due to fungus, parasites (eg, amebic liver abscess), virus, or tuberculosis * participant is considered unlikely to survive the 6- to 8-week study period or has a rapidly progressive or terminal illness * participant is pregnant or breastfeeding. * participant has received systemic antibacterial agents within the 72-hour period prior to study entry except for cases specified in the protocol such that participant is considered to have failed the previous treatment regimen, or participant has received systemic antibiotic agents no more than 24 hours (no more than one daily dose) within the 72-hour period prior to study entry, etc. * estimated crcl ≤50 ml/min calculated by cockcroft-gault method.

Keywords: ceftazidime-avibactam, metronidazole, complicated intra-abdominal infection
music distraction strategy in children dental care

Conditions: Children Behavior

Summary: music plays an important role reassuring helping reduce anxiety. anxiety can be an interference factor in promoting oral health for children with high levels of anxiety tend to have negative behavior at the dentist. high oxygen levels and heart and respiratory frequencies are associated with high levels of anxiety. the objective of this study was to test the use of music in decreased cardiac and respiratory frequency of treated patients listening to music and being treated without hearing music.

feelings like anxiety can alter the levels of blood oxygenation from individuals in different situations, like during dental treatment. this cross over trial aimed to analyze the use of music as a distraction resource during children dental treatment, evaluating their cardiac and respiratory frequency. thirty-four children took part in this study, 16 boys and 18 girls, from 4 to 6 years old, with no previous dental experience, who had two carious lesions on occlusal surfaces of molars, from the 2 municipalities of southeast brasil. children were selected through oral clinical exams, conducted in public schools. after parents signed a written consent; children were allocated in two groups: treatment with music (g1) and treatment without music (g2). children acted as controls of themselves: the cross between groups allowed all children to be treated with and without music. three dental visits were, scheduled in a weekly basis, the first for anamnesis and clinical examination; the second and third for the modified atraumatic restorative treatment (artm). the mozart symphony no 40 in g minor k550 was played in headphones. cardiac and respiratory frequencies were obtained using a pulse oximeter, with the measures being taken in three moments: in the beginning of the treatment, during the intervention (use of a rotating device) and at the end of the treatment. data were compiled and analyzed through the statistic software statistical analyse. the wilcoxon test was used for inter and intra groups comparison (p\<0,050). music worked as a reassuring instrument during children dental treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * without children experience provided at the dentist * healthy children and without syndromes * children with normal hearing * children with two occlusal carious lesions with loss of enamel and dentin to 2/3 wherever possible to carry out the treatment technique atraumatic restorative adapted. exclusion criteria: * children with syndromes * children without normal hearing * children thal not collaborated with the dentist * children with hospital and/or dental experience

Keywords: children behavior anxiety dentistry
study comparing ct scan and stress test in patients with known coronary artery disease hospitalized for chest pain

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease; Angina Pectoris; Unstable Angina; Acute Coronary Syndrome

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether coronary artery ct scanning or nuclear stress testing is better at diagnosing chest pain patients with known coronary artery disease to select appropriate candidates for coronary catheterization and re-vascularization.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient admitted for chest pain / pressure or other suggestive symptoms * patient has known coronary artery disease (with or without prior revascularization) * patient has clinical need for non-invasive cardiac evaluation exclusion criteria: * evidence of ongoing myocardial infarction or hemodynamic instability * ischemia on ekg (greater than 1mm st segment deviation) * contraindications to ct scanning with iodinated intravenous contrast (including allergies, asthma and renal dysfunction) * heart rhythm precluding ekg gating * pregnancy

Keywords: randomized controlled trial controlled clinical trial comparative effectiveness research chest pain angina pectoris non-invasive cardiac imaging nuclear stress testing coronary ct angiography coronary catheterization coronary revascularization
human irisin concentration in sarcopenia

Conditions: Sarcopenia

Summary: irisin has been identified as a novel myokine that drives brown-fat-like conversion of white adipose tissue. in this cross-sectional study, the researches investigated whether serum irisin levels are decreased in patients with sarcopenia compared with control subjects with normal muscle mass, and assessed the association between serum irisin levels and various metabolic parameters.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 20\<age\<80 * apparently healthy subjects exclusion criteria: * a history of cardiovascular disease * diabetes * stage 2 hypertension * malignancy * severe renal or hepatic disease
the therapeutic effect of dysthyroid optic neuropathy

Conditions: Thyroid Eye Disease

Summary: thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (tao) is a common autoimmune disorder. the pathogenesis of tao is unclear, and studies found that t cell, b cell and monocytes, macrophages and mast cells are located in the orbital tissue of tao. dysthyroid optic neuropathy (don) is the most serious complication of tao, which can cause blurred vision, color vision and vision function damage, and affects the quality of life. investigation of the therapeutic effect of orbital decompression may provide some clues to make the policy at treatment of don. we explore the therapeutic effect of orbital decompression in patients with don in both eyes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - ability to perform visual fields and vep examination without any serious systemic diseases without any surgery on eyes in six months exclusion criteria: - with any serious systemic diseases with any surgery on eyes in six months
periodontal regeneration with hyaluronic acid or enamel matrix derivatives

Conditions: Periodontitis

Summary: to date, the quest for ideal biological inductors for periodontal regeneration is still ongoing, especially when facing non-containing defect anatomies. the primary aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiographic performance of a bone graft combined with either enamel matrix derivatives or hyaluronic acid for periodontal regeneration of non-containing intrabony defects in terms of clinical attachment gain (primary outcome) and other secondary outcomes (probing pocket depth reduction, radiographic bone fill). moreover, this study aims to compare early wound healing and patient-reported outcome measures.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of stage iii-iv periodontitis. * completed steps i-ii periodontal therapy. * fmps \<15% at 3-month re-evaluation. * fmbs \<15% at 3-month re-evaluation. * at least one site with intrabony defects and residual ppd ≥ 6 mm at re-evaluation, with a radiographic intrabony component ≥ 3 mm, and limited to no extension of the defect on the lingual or palatal side as assessed by preoperative bone sounding. * intrasurgically, the defect has to present a non-supporting anatomy (1-2 residual walls in its most coronal portion) and it needs to be accessible by flap elevation only on one side (either buccal or oral). * signed informed consent. exclusion criteria: * compromised general health which contraindicates the study procedures (asa iii-vi patients). * systemic diseases/medications which could influence the outcome of the therapy (e.g. uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, non-plaque-induced gingival diseases, antiepileptic drugs (phenytoin and sodium valproate), certain calcium channel-blocking drugs (e.g., nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem, amlodipine, felodipine), immunoregulating drugs (e.g., ciclosporine), and high-dose oral contraceptives). * current smokers (self-reported, ≥ 10 cigarettes a day), users of chewing tobacco, and drug/alcohol abusers. * pregnant or nursing women. * presence of furcation involvement ≥ ii degree (hamp 1975) at the affected teeth.
evaluating yoga for chronic low back pain

Conditions: Low Back Pain

Summary: this study will compare the effectiveness of yoga classes, exercise classes, and a self-care book in the management of pain and function for people with low back pain.

back problems are among the most prevalent conditions affecting adults and are a leading reason for using complementary or alternative medical (cam) therapies. despite the common use of cam therapies for back pain, little is known about how they compare with conventional treatments. this study will lay the groundwork for a full-scale trial that compares yoga with conventional exercise and usual care for chronic low back pain. this study will randomize 30 people with chronic low back pain to each of the following groups: yoga, a conventional therapeutic exercise program, and usual care. there will be 12 weeks of weekly treatment and follow-up assessments via phone at 6, 12, and 26 weeks to measure each treatment's impact on symptoms, function, quality of life, and utilization and costs of back pain related care.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * group health cooperative enrollee * uncomplicated low back pain * at least moderate pain levels exclusion criteria: * sciatica persisting 3 or more months after physician visit * history of cancer (other than nonmelanoma skin cancer) * severe disk problems * unstable medical conditions * back surgery within past 3 years * physically unable to do the yoga or exercise classes and homework * unable to attend classes * currently doing yoga * taken exercise class for back pain within past year * currently in litigation for back pain * seeking other treatment for back pain
cardiovascular effects of preferred home-based exercise training in systolic heart failure

Conditions: Chronic Heart Failure

Summary: the aim of the study is i. to assess whether an individualized exercise training program is superior as compared to usual care with respect to exercise tolerance, ii. to assess whether intervention tools that aim to increase exercise adherence are superior to an individualized exercise training alone with respect to exercise tolerance and long-term effects, and iii. to identify biomarkers that that may be implemented into novel intervention tools aiming to increase exercise adherence in patients with chronic heart failure.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women and men * age 30-75 years * chronic heart failure (nyha ii/iii), left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% be echo * disease duration ≥ 6 month * medical therapy accruing to guidelines (drug, devices, including crt) * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * acute myocarditis * instable angina * heart surgery (e.g. icd implantation, bypass) with last 6 weeks; crt implantation within the last 6 months before study start * severe cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, cardiac decompensation, icd shock, pci due to instable angina) \< 6 weeks before study start * preplanned hospital admission or intervention (e.g. planned revascularization, icd implantation) * uncorrected valve regurgitation or stenosis (\> second degree) * safety concerns regarding or other reasons against exercise training * severe depression * regular exercise training within the last 6 weeks * life expectancy \< 1 year

Keywords: chronic heart failure exercise training preferred training prevention
prospective observational study comparing the use of circular (orvil) and linear stapler for intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy

Conditions: Stomach Neoplasm

Summary: prospective observational study comparing the use of circular (orvil) and linear stapler for intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy. patients with adenocaricinoma involving the esophagogastric junction or the gastric cardia are observed. the two methods of esophagojejunostomy are compared.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed as gastric adenocarcinoma * involving the esophagogastric junction or gastric cardia * age 18 - 80 years * anticipated to undergo laparoscopic total or proximal gastrectomy * ct1-t4a exclusion criteria: * previous history of gastrectomy * neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy for gastric cancer * invasion to other organs * open conversion
tranexamic acid use for bleeding prevention in the surgical treatment of metastatic spinal tumor in lung cancer patients

Conditions: Metastasis Spinal Tumor

Summary: massive blood loss occurs in metastatic spinal tumor resection and may cause severe complications. the objective of this study is to investigate whether the use of tranexamic acid will reduce perioperative and postoperative bleeding when compared to those without use of tranexamic acid.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed as metastatic carcinoma of the thoracolumbar spine * solitary neoplasm involve only one segment of spine * patients underwent separation surgery exclusion criteria: * coagulation function was abnormal preoperatively * patients are allergic to tranexamic acid * neoplasm involve more than one segment of spine * patients with rich blood supply who need embolization

Keywords: tranexamic acid blood loss seperation surgery
measurement and characterization of circulating endothelial cells or circulating tumor cells or circulating dna in adult patients with metastatic cancer

Conditions: Metastatic Cancer

Summary: monitoring of circulating endothelial cells (cec and mature cells called progenitors called cep) or circulating tumor cells (ctc) in adult patients with metastatic cancer, possibly treated with targeted therapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with metastatic solid tumor * age\> 18 years * signed consent exclusion criteria: * patients with diseases associated with vascular lesions known. * patients protected by law, in accordance with articles l1121-5 to l1121-8 of the code of public health. * mental pathology that can interfere with the proper conduct of the study. * refusal of consent.

Keywords: patients