Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
retrospective data analysis of ckrt (continuous kidney replacement therapy) treatments in adult mode with multifiltratepro

Conditions: Acute Kidney Injury; Renal Failure

Summary: the multifiltratepro is a device for extracorporeal blood purification treatments. in this retrospective analysis, the treatments of patients who received at least one treatment with the investigational device as mentioned between january 2015 and january 2024 will be documented in a chronological order. no further control treatments will be investigated in this one-arm design. the design is considered to be appropriate to reflect daily clinical practice and to contribute to empirical evidence of performance of the multifiltratepro system.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients with an indication for the extracorporeal blood treatment suffering from aki who received ckrt adult mode treatment for at least once with: heparin-continuous veno-venous hemofiltration hep-cvvh (pre cvvh, post cvvh and pre-post cvvh), heparin-continuous veno-venous hemodialysis hep-cvvhd, heparin-continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration hep-cvvhdf (pre-cvvhdf and post-cvvhdf), citrate-calcium(ci-ca)-cvvhd, citrate-calcium(ci-ca) cvvhdf, between january 2015 and january 2024, with the investigational device, have to be included in the study in chronological order. * no age restriction for heparin modes * age ≥ 18 years for ci-ca modes at treatment start * patient´s body weight ≥ 40kg irrespective of age * acute kidney injury (aki) or chronic dialysis patients with clinical indication for ckrt exclusion criteria: * participation in an interventional clinical study during the retrospectively collected ckrt treatment data * previous participation in the same study * no study-specific exclusion criteria based on contraindications due to the retrospective character of the study

Keywords: continuous kidney replacement therapy
preference, satisfaction and ease of use of genuair® (pressair™) and breezhaler® (neohaler™) inhalers in patients with copd

Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Summary: preference study: genuair® (pressair™) vs breezhaler® (neohaler™) inhalers in patients with copd


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult male or female patients aged ≥40 years with stable moderate-to-severe copd according to the gold guidelines classification (grades ii and iii): forced expiratory volume in 1 second (measured between 10 to 15 minutes post-inhalation of 400 μg of salbutamol) is 30%≤fev1\<80% of the predicted normal value * patients naïve to both study inhaler devices, genuair® and breezhaler®, for at least 2 years * agreement to participate and voluntarily sign the informed consent form exclusion criteria: * patients with other clinically significant uncontrolled chronic diseases, particularly body malformations or diseases affecting coordination and/or motor system * patients unable to read product package instructions and answer patient reported questionnaires (pasapq) * patients with any other serious or uncontrolled mental health problems * patients currently participating in other randomised clinical studies * patients with copd exacerbation within 6 weeks before visit 1 and patient hospitalised for copd exacerbation within 3 months prior to visit 1 * patients with any other conditions that, in the investigator's opinion, might indicate the patient to be inappropriate for the study * patient likely to be uncooperative
determination of hiv-1 production by the prostate

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: virus present in semen likely contributes substantially to the sexual transmission of hiv. however, the source of hiv in semen is unknown. some evidence suggests that the prostate may be the source of at least some of the virus in semen. this study is designed to determine whether the prostate may serve as the source of virus in semen by comparing the concentration of hiv-1 rna in semen donated normally, in semen obtained following prostatic massage, and in expressed prostatic secretions. finding a source for semen hiv would provide important insights into several aspects of hiv sexual transmission. since some drugs do not enter the prostate well, the finding that virus is produced in the prostate might suggest the prostate could serve as a reservoir for hiv, leading to the development of resistance to antiviral agents.

virus present in semen likely contributes substantially to the sexual transmission of hiv. however, the source of hiv in semen is unknown. some evidence suggests that the prostate may be the source of at least some of the virus in semen. this study is designed to determine whether the prostate may serve as the source of virus in semen by comparing the concentration of hiv-1 rna in semen donated normally, in semen obtained following prostatic massage, and in expressed prostatic secretions. finding a source for semen hiv would provide important insights into several aspects of hiv sexual transmission. since some drugs do not enter the prostate well, the finding that virus is produced in the prostate might suggest the prostate could serve as a reservoir for hiv, leading to the development of resistance to antiviral agents.

Eligibility criteria:
hiv positive male. willing and able to participate on study. age greater than or equal to 18 years. stable antiretroviral therapy for the preceding 4 weeks and judged likely to remain on stable therapy for the study. patients with a history of vasectomy or orchiectomy may be admitted to the study, but the data obtained from those patients will be analyzed separately on a pilot basis. able to provide informed consent. clinically stable. no clinical or laboratory evidence of bacterial prostatitis. no clinical or laboratory evidence of genito-urinary tract infection. no history of prostatectomy. absolute neutrophil count greater than 500/ul. platelets greater than 50,000. patient must not have had treatment within the prior 8 weeks with anti-androgens or estrogens. stable therapy with anabolic steroids will be allowed. patient must not have localized or systemic disease which would, in the opinion of the investigator(s), render the patient at risk following prostatic massage and/or the donation of semen.

Keywords: pathogenesis resistance sanctuary sites semen sexual transmission
effect of acute psychological stress on glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: the study is designed to evaluate the effects of acute psychological stress on blood glucose levels. we will study one group of patients in the fasting state on a control day and a stress test day, another group will undergo the same protocol in the postprandial state.

patients with type 2 diabetes often complain about changing blood glucose levels in times of emotional or mental stress, most subject's self-reporting higher blood glucose measurements in stressful conditions. to daily distress in diabetes additional emotional or mental stress can add a further momentum to destabilize glucose levels due to the adrenocortical response with enhancing insulin resistance and decreasing the endogenous insulin secretion. another physiological link between stress and diabetes might be a higher sensitivity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, leading to antagonizing effects on insulin actions. a study in type 2 diabetes demonstrated that stressors can destabilize blood glucose levels. stress levels in diabetes have been shown to have a relationship to diabetic complications. previous studies of psychological stress in type 1 diabetes have shown no effect of elevated catecholamine levels after short-lived psychological stimuli on glucose levels, but a significantly delayed decrease of glucose concentrations after an acute psychological stress in the postprandial state in association with elevated cortisol levels, showing no change of glucose concentration in the fasting state. this was in contrast to previous data in healthy subjects, showing that low glucose levels before a psychological stress prevented the stress-induced activation of the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis, but postprandial higher blood glucose levels induced a large cortisol response. these findings of a different cortisol responses in the fasting or fed status in healthy or absolute insulin deficient subjects could also be relevant for glucose metabolism in subjects with type 2 diabetes. the effect of an acute psychological stress on glucose concentration may critically depend on whether stress is applied in the fasting or fed state. a different metabolic response to stress depending on food intake could explain different findings in other clinical trials and contribute to understanding glucose responses to stress. the aim of our study was thus to test whether the effect of acute psychological stress on glucose concentrations is different in the fasting compared to the fed state in type 2 diabetes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 diabetes * oral antidiabetic treatment and/or long acting insulin overnight exclusion criteria: * full insulin regimen * pregnancy or breast-feeding * instable coronary heart disease * poor visibility * proliferative diabetic retinopathy * uncontrolled arterial hypertension

Keywords: glucose control in acute stress
investigation of brain mechanisms involved in urgency urinary incontinence

Conditions: Urgency Urinary Incontinence

Summary: this is a randomized double-blind crossover trial of trospium and placebo in women with urgency urinary incontinence, with evaluation (history, physical, incontinence evaluation and brain mri) at baseline, and after each course of therapy. the investigators will evaluate functional brain changes in relation to bladder improvement in order to improve our knowledge of the brain's role in the continence mechanism.

urgency urinary incontinence (uui) costs the us $83 billion/year, owing in large part to its increased prevalence with age, particularly in women: 9% of those over age 18 and 36% of those over age 65. uui also impairs quality of life, social interaction, and independence; contributes to functional decline; and increases risk for falls, hip fractures, utis, urosepsis, anxiety, depression, and institutionalization.the cause of uui is unknown. its urgency and leakage are usually ascribed to detrusor overactivity (do, involuntary detrusor contraction), suggesting that the cause is intrinsic to the bladder even though do is not always confirmed on testing. because of this assumption, most therapies target the bladder albeit with only moderate success: e.g., anticholinergics reduce incontinence episodes but their benefit and tolerability (especially for older adults) are sufficiently low that 75% of patients discontinue them within a year. by contrast, therapies such as biofeedback-assisted pelvic muscle therapy (bfb) tackle behaviors. moreover, the use of biofeedback to retrain the brain shows that the central control mechanism can be targeted and improved. thus, the present proposal is designed to further elucidate this mechanism, thereby paving the way for discovery of new and more effective ways to control uui. these could transform current treatment and either complement or supplant current therapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. 60+ years old 2. has uui or urge-predominant mixed incontinence at least 5 times/ week for \> 3 months despite treatment for reversible causes exclusion criteria: 1. conditions/medications contraindicating trospium 2. if currently taking anticholinergic medications (participant must refrain from anticholinergic medications for 4 weeks prior enrollment in order to be eligible) 3. impaired mobility or cognition sufficient to preclude following study procedures; moca test score \<24/30; a clinically-apparent neurological condition 4. prolapse beyond the hymen 5. interstitial cystitis 6. spinal cord injury 7. history of pelvic radiation or advanced uterine/bladder cancer 8. urethral obstruction (uroflow); pvr \>200 ml 9. medical instability 10. prior uui treatment with onabotulinum toxin or neuromodulation 11. drug interaction or expected medication change during the study 12. conditions requiring iv antibacterial prophylaxis 13. new incontinence treatment \< 3 months prior to enrollment 14. fecal incontinence, and symptomatic colitis/ibs 15. contraindications to mri.

Keywords: urinary incontinence urgency urinary incontinence trospium
effect of dietary amino acid profile on lipoprotein metabolism, vascular reactivity and inflammatory markers

Conditions: Hyperlipidemias; Metabolic Syndrome X; Cardiovascular Diseases

Summary: the aim of this study is to explore the significance of the lys:arg ratio on responses of lipids and lipoprotein concentrations to dietary proteins and to evaluate the effects of dietary lys:arg on cardiovascular disease risk factors and endothelial function.

findings from early studies in a variety of experimental models of atherosclerosis on the effect of dietary protein suggested that proteins from vegetable sources are less cholesterolemic and atherogenic than proteins from animal sources. throughout the later part of the 20th century there has been sporadic interest in the effect of protein type and amino acid profiles on blood lipid concentrations and atherosclerosis. a major focus for this evaluation has been to compare proteins based on their amino acid profile, often expressed as lysine (lys) to arginine (arg) ratio (lys:arg). while animal studies have provided important information regarding the significance of the lys:arg in determining the cholesterolemic response to a dietary protein, interpretation of these data must be done with caution since most of the studies have been conducted in animal models that have a different lipoprotein distribution and metabolism than humans. moreover, the mechanistic insights of this response are yet to be determined. while the favorable effects of arg on endothelial function appear to be consistent when arg is administered using a supplement, the effects of dietary arg naturally present in protein rich foods has yet to be determined. the aim of this proposal is to explore the significance of the lys:arg ratio on responses of lipids and lipoprotein concentrations to dietary proteins and to evaluate the effects of dietary lys:arg on cardiovascular disease risk factors and endothelial function.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: 50-85 years * ldl-c concentrations \>120 mg/dl exclusion criteria: * use of medications known to affect lipid metabolism * established cardiovascular disease * renal disease * liver disease * thyroid disease unless controlled with medication for at least 6 months * type i and ii diabetes * irritable bowel syndrome * chronic use of prescription anti-inflammatory medications * smoking * alcohol intake \>7 alcoholic drinks per week * unwillingness to maintain body weight during participation in the study * triglyceride (tg) \> 400 mg/dl * unwillingness to adhere to diet and study protocol * weight gain or loss of more than 15 lb within 6 months prior to enrollment
bilateral prefrontal modulation in alcoholism

Conditions: Drug Addiction; Executive Dysfunction

Summary: in this study, eligible alcoholic inpatients recruited from a specialized clinic for addiction treatment, filling inclusion criteria and not showing any exclusion criteria, were randomized to receive the repetitive (10 sessions, every other day) bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlpfc: cathodal left / anodal right) tdcs (2 milliamperes, 5 x 7 cm2, for 20 min) or placebo (sham-tdcs). craving to the use of alcohol was examined before (baseline), during and after the end of the tdcs treatment. based in our previous data, our hypothesis was that repetitive bilateral tdcs over dlpfc would favorably change craving in alcoholism and this would be a long-lasting effect.

before (baseline) and after tdcs or sham-tdcs treatment, subjects were clinically examined regarding craving (obsessive compulsive drinking scale) and they were followed-up for relapses at least 3 months after treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients between the age of 18 and 60 years; * met criteria for alcohol dependence according to the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition (dsm-iv), as determined by clinical evaluation; * in stable clinical condition with no need for inpatient care; * able to read, write, and speak portuguese; and * no severe withdrawal signs or symptoms at baseline. exclusion criteria: * a condition of intoxication or withdrawal due to a substance other alcohol; * unstable mental or medical disorder or substance abuse or addiction other than alcohol dependence, except nicotine and/or caffeine; * a diagnosis of epilepsy, convulsions, or delirium tremens during abstinence from alcohol; * a previous history of drug hypersensitivity or adverse reactions to diazepam or other benzodiazepines and haloperidol; * any contraindication for electrical brain stimulation procedures such as electronic implants or metal implants; * suspected pregnancy for female participants; * any contraindication for magnetic resonance procedures such as electronic implants, metal implants, claustrophobia, or permanent make-up or tattoo received within the previous 3 months; * the presence of vascular, traumatic, inflammatory, or tumor injuries detectable by ct examination.

Keywords: alcoholism tdcs dlpfc craving cognition
chemotherapy plus gefitinib followed by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and gefitinib for head and neck cancer

Conditions: Head and Neck Cancer

Summary: although gefitinib has been combined successfully with various chemotherapeutic regimens with minimal increase in overall toxicity, experience with concurrent radiation therapy is limited. in this trial, we will evaluate the feasibility, toxicity, and effectiveness a novel combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and gefitinib.

upon determination of eligibility, patients will receive: induction therapy * docetaxel * carboplatin * 5-fu * gefitinib combined modality therapy cohort 1: * radiation therapy * gefitinib cohort 2: * radiation therapy * gefitinib * docetaxel

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: to be included in this study, you must meet the following criteria: * squamous carcinoma of the head and neck. * primary tumor nasopharynx, oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx * squamous carcinoma in cervical nodes no identified primary site * must be considered to have low cure rates with local therapy * previously untreated with chemotherapy or radiation therapy. * able to perform activities of daily living without assistance * adequate bone marrow, liver, and kidney function * mild peripheral neuropathy is allowed * measurable or evaluable disease * voluntarily give written informed consent. exclusion criteria: you cannot participate in this study if any of the following apply to you: * age \< 18 years * history of prior malignancy within the last five years * severe or uncontrolled systemic disease * significant clinical disorder or laboratory finding * women who are pregnant or breast-feeding * active interstitial lung disease please note: there are additional inclusion/exclusion criteria. the study center will determine if you meet all of the criteria. if you do not qualify for the trial, study personnel will explain the reasons. if you do qualify, study personnel will explain the trial in detail and answer any questions you may have.
accelerated versus standard cxl in the treatment of ectasia post refractive surgery and penetrating keratoplasty.

Conditions: Refractive Surgery

Summary: what was known \*standard cxl is the common procedure for treating progressive corneal ectasia. modifications of the standard protocol were introduces to reduce its complications especially long exposure to ultraviolet rays. the accelerated protocol, while believed to overcome this issue with comparable outcomes, has not been studied fully in patients with ectasia following corneal refractive surgery and penetrating keratoplasty. what this paper adds accelerated cxl is as safe and effective as the standard cxl in halting the progression of ectasia post refractive surgery and penetrating keratoplasty with the benefit of: reduced ultraviolet exposure, reduced operation time, and reduced patient discomfort.

purpose: the aim of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes of the standard cxl and the ac cxl in patients with progressive corneal ectasia post refractive surgery and penetrating keratoplasty. setting: menoufia university hospital, egypt design: prospective, randomised comparison. methods: patients scheduled to receive either standard cxl (3mw/cm2 for a period of 30 min) or accelerated cxl (18mw/cm2 for a period of 5 min).the main outcomes for comparison were the change in; maximum-k reading (k-max), manifest refractive spherical equivalent (se), central corneal thickness (cct), and the best corrected distance visual acuity (cdva).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * eligible patients were: * adults aged above 18 years. * they have been diagnosed clinically with progressive corneal ectasia following refractive surgery procedure (lasik, prk, relex smile), or penetrating keratoplasty * cct above 400µ. exclusion criteria: * the exclusion criteria involved: * history of herpetic ocular diseases (including herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus) in the study eye * active or recurrent ocular disease in either eye (e.g., uveitis, chronic moderate to severe blepharitis or severe dry eye) or sight-threatening diseases (e.g., previous retinal or optic nerve diseases) that would interfere with the interpretation of the study data.
staging and grading of periodontitis: five years later

Conditions: Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to investigate the ability of periodontists, clinicians with expertise in periodontics and general dental practitioners to diagnose periodontitis using the 2017 aap / efp world workshop classification of periodontal diseases. the purpose of this study is to conduct a online survey in order to: 1. investigate italian dentists' knowledge on the new classification of periodontal diseases. 2. evaluate the reliability of the diagnosis between different examiners in classifying periodontitis; 3. evaluate the accuracy of the use of grading in the diagnosis of periodontitis; 4. evaluate diagnostic accuracy of staging application in classifying periodontitis.

four well-documentated clincial cases will be presented to italian dentists (periodontists, clinicians with expertise in periodontics and general dental practitioners) through online survey to obtain a clinical application of the 2018 classification of periodontal diseases each participant will be asked to diagnose periodontitis using staging and grading for each clinical case. each periodontal case will be documentated according a previous study (marini et al. 2022) specifing: age; systemic diseases (presence/absence); cigarette consumption ( \ 10cig/day); tooth mobility (presence/absence) tooth migration (presence/absence) number of tooth loss due periodontitis (0; \ 5) gingival bleeding (presence/absence) familiarity for periodontitis each periodontal case will be presented showing: intra-oral photographs; full-mouth periapical radiographs; periodontal chart

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: periodontists, clinicians with expertise in periodontics general dental practitioners

Keywords: periodontitis classification periodontal diseases diagnosis