Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the effect of brachial plexus block on diaphragm movement

Conditions: Phrenic Paralysis; Shoulder Joint Surgery; Rotator Cuff Injury

Summary: the purpose of this study is to quickly evaluate the degree of phrenic nerve block by observing the changes of diaphragm movement through ultrasound, and to find the best scheme for clinical application by controlling the concentration of narcotic drugs, so as to reduce respiratory related complications.

40 asa grade i - ii patients were selected from the patients who underwent shoulder ligament rupture repair surgery under selective general anesthesia combined with brachial plexus block analgesia in the sports medical center of our hospital. they were randomly divided into two groups: high concentration group (group i) and low concentration group (group ii), with 20 cases in each group. 40 patients underwent a single brachial plexus block under ultrasound guidance before general anesthesia. in group i, ropivacaine 100mg + normal saline to 20ml (0.5% ropivacaine 20ml), and in group ii, ropivacaine 40mg + normal saline to 20ml (0.2% ropivacaine 20ml). the high-frequency ultrasonic probe was located in the intermuscular sulcus, clearly exposing the three trunks of the brachial plexus. using out of plane technology, the drug solution was injected around the brachial plexus, ultrasonic images showed that the drug solution evenly wrapped the nerve trunks. the diaphragmatic movement of patients was scanned and recorded before and 30 minutes after block. the dispensing nurse, the operator and the follow-up doctor are independent individuals, and the operator and the follow-up doctor do not know the patient grouping. after confirming the effect of nerve block, the operating doctor will carry out general anesthesia and start the operation. the patients were followed up 6 hours after operation, and nrs scores were made and recorded.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * operation type: patients undergoing shoulder ligament rupture repair under selective general anesthesia combined with nerve block analgesia * age: 18 \~ 65 * asa class i or ii exclusion criteria: * patient rejection * brachial plexus injury * severe cardiovascular disease * allergic to the drugs used in the test * infection at the puncture site * difficulty in understanding (unable to understand the pain assessment method) * recent history of opioid use

Keywords: brachial plexus block diaphragm movement
beach tennis and hypertension study 2

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: no studies have investigated the chronic effects of team sports on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and have assessed the effects of a beach tennis intervention in cardiovascular profile and physical fitness. based on that, the investigators designed this parallel randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of beach tennis training on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and different physical fitness parameters in individuals with hypertension. the difference between the intervention arms in mean change from baseline in 24 h, daytime and nighttime systolic and diastolic ambulatory blood pressure at 12-weeks is the primary outcome; secondary outcomes are the difference between mean change in office blood pressure as well as cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and power. the investigators anticipate that 12 weeks of beach tennis training will reduce blood pressure when compared to a non-exercising control group. additionally, our recreational beach tennis intervention will improve all physical fitness components in comparison to the baseline values.

this is a single-center, two-arms, parallel randomized controlled trial with concealed allocation, blinded measurers, with 12 weeks of follow-up analyzed using an intention-to-treat approach. participants will be randomly allocated to the beach tennis training intervention (btt) or to the control group (con), which will not be submitted to intervention and will be instructed not to engage in any kind of structured physical exercise training and to keep the life activities identified at baseline. the international physical activity questionnaire (ipaq) will be applied before and after the intervention in order to assess the level of physical activity. in btt, supervised beach tennis sessions will be performed two times per week. each session will be composed of an initial period of 10 min of warm up and technical exercises (i.e., serve, volley, forehand and backhand). after that, 3 games of 10-15 min each (weeks 1-4: 3 × 10 min; weeks 5-8: 3 × 12 min; and weeks 9-12: 3 × 15 min) with an interval of 2 min between each game will be played in pairs (i.e., 2 versus 2). in case of less than 4 participants are able to play at the same time, the games can also be played individually (i.e., 1 versus1). in con, participants will be advised to not change their daily usual activities and to not participate in any structured physical exercise program during this period.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * office blood pressure between 130-179 and 80-110 mmhg for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively; * non-engaged in structured exercise programs in the last 3 months before the beginning of this study; * able to perform the proposed exercises. exclusion criteria: * underlying cardiovascular disease in the last 24 months such as acute myocardial infarction, angina, stroke or heart failure; * diseases that reduce life expectancy; * smokers; * bmi \>39.9 kg/m²; * diabetic proliferative retinopathy.

Keywords: exercise beach tennis sport training ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
prospective investigation of robotic single-port system

Conditions: Prostate and Kidney Cancer

Summary: to determine the feasibility of representative urologic procedures as measured by the rate of conversions


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * prostatectomy: * patients age 18-75 years * bmi \<=35 kg/m2 * confirmed localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate * suitable for minimally invasive prostate cancer surgery nephrectomy: * patient age 18-75 years * bmi \<=35 kg/m2 * kidney disease amenable to nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy * suitable for minimally invasive kidney surgery exclusion criteria: untreated active infection (includes local kidney infection) * vulnerable population (ex: prisoners, mentally disabled) * severe concomitant illness that drastically shortens life expectancy or increases risk of therapeutic interventions (i.e., cancer) * anatomy unsuitable for endoscopic visualization or minimally invasive surgery * patient with second primary cancer * extensive previous abdominal surgery * prior radiation treatment for prostate or kidney cancer * patient with distant metastasis * complex renal vascular anatomy * patient with kidney cancer - stage t3 or n+ m+ \*\* * horseshoe kidney\*\* * previous ipsilateral kidney surgery \*\*- specific to kidney surgery -
genetic study of patients suffering from congenital amaurosis of leber or from an early severe retinal dystrophy

Conditions: Amaurosis; Retinal Diseases

Summary: retinal dystrophies are responsible for numerous cases of blindness, and there are no therapeutic possibilities today. gene therapy is efficient in a dog model concerning dystrophy linked to a mutation of the rpe65 gene. if such a therapy is to be considered for humans, it is urgent to select, at a national level, patients suffering from dystrophy linked to a mutation of the rpe65 gene. the systematic correlation of phenotype/genotype is an anatomical-functional approach, but it also identifies patients who may be potentially included in a future gene therapy study. indeed, identification of people with a mutation of rpe65 is still insufficient in france (compared to other european countries) because of a lack of systemic genotyping of retinal dystrophy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with clinical characteristics of amaurosis of leber * patients suffering from an early severe retinal dystrophy * patients with social insurance * patients with a consent form signed exclusion criteria: * retinal dystrophy with autosomal dominant transmission * retinal dystrophy occuring after 5 years of age * syndromical retinal dystrophy with one or more systemic manifestations * familial macular degeneration * familial choroid dystrophy * non-degenerative retinopathology

Keywords: early severe retinal dystrophy amaurosis of leber
improving psychological well-being of trainee civil servants in pakistan

Conditions: Psychological Distress; Coping Skills; Well-being; Psychological Capital; Anxiety

Summary: political and civil instability in pakistan has placed many segments of society under stress. a 5-session group intervention incorporating principles of stress management, problem solving, behavioural activation, peer-support and adaptive leadership has been developed and successfully piloted for business professionals working under stressful conditions in pakistan. the aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an adapted version of the intervention in improving psychological well-being amongst a group of trainee civil servants in the country. a two-arm single blind, randomised controlled trial of the group intervention will be conducted among trainee civil servants in pakistan. the participants are newly inducted civil servants (n=240) undergoing a 6 months' induction training. the participants will be randomised on a 1:1 allocation ratio (120 in each arm), with the intervention arm receiving the group intervention integrated into their orientation sessions and the control arm receiving orientation sessions alone. outcome assessments will be conducted immediately post-intervention and 3 months after the completion of the intervention. the primary outcomes will be change in the prevalence of psychological distress as measured by patient health questionnaire-9 (phq-9) and improvement in coping strategies as measured by brief cope questionnaire. secondary outcomes include symptoms of anxiety (measured by generalized anxiety disorder scale (gad-7)), well-being (measured by who5 well-being index) and psychological capital (measured by psychological capital questionnaire). the primary analyses will be intent-to-treat consisting of all participants included, according to the groups in which they will be randomized. the primary analysis will involve comparing pre to post changes in prevalence of psychological distress and coping strategies of the participants randomly assigned to the two conditions, using fisher's exact test. primary analyses will be non-parametric tests; however sensitivity analyses will use parametric models such as linear and logistic regression to control for baseline values of the participants' characteristics. ethical principles of voluntary informed consent, maintaining anonymity and confidentiality, data management and storage will be followed.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all newly inducted civil servants attending the ctp at the csa, lahore, which is a six months residential training course, and * who give informed voluntary consent to take part in the study. exclusion criteria: * participants having a physical health condition that does not allow them to attend the sessions will be excluded.
vap identification by ai

Conditions: Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ( VAP)

Summary: ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is the most frequent infection in the intensive care setting. for vap there is currently no reliable diagnostic criteria. we aimed with the present study, using data from the mechanical ventilator to identify early this infection using artificial intelligence methods .

ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is defined as a hospital-acquired pneumonia occurring in patients submitted to invasive mechanical ventilation (mv) for at least 48 hours. vap represents the most prevalent nosocomial infection in the intensive care setting. vap is burdened by prolonged duration of mv and hospital length of stay and consequently increases hospital costs. moreover, mortality and antibiotic use are also significantly affected. unfortunately, there is currently no valid, accurate diagnostic criteria of vap because even the most widely used ones are neither sensitive nor specific.. the insufficient sensitivity of these criteria to rule out vap carries the risk of antibiotic overuse with the consequently emerging of antibiotic resistance and superinfections. on the other hand, the insufficient specificity to rule in vap carries the risk of delayed administration of antimicrobial therapy leading to increased mortality. ventilator-associated event surveillance failed to accurately identify vap, too . the purpose of the present study is to develop different ai-algorithms using data continuously recorded form the mechanical ventilator in supporting clinicians for the early detection of vap. an accurate ai-algorithm for early vap identification has the potential to reduce morbidity, mortality, exposure to broad-spectrum and/or unnecessary antibiotics and finally to reduce costs.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients admitted to our icu requiring invasive respiratory support for at least 48 hours exclusion criteria: * previuos pneumonia
use of nph versus basal bolus insulin for steroid induced hyperglycemia

Conditions: Hyperglycemia Steroid-induced; Insulin Resistance, Diabetes

Summary: glucocorticoids are known to cause an increase in insulin resistance, leading to hyperglycemia, in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. in both the inpatient and outpatient setting, steroids are used for their anti-inflammatory property to treat a variety of conditions. there is a paucity of information regarding the best way to treat steroid-induced hyperglycemia. in this study we will compare (1) the addition of nph insulin, an intermediate-acting insulin, given at the time of steroid administration to the patient's standard basal/bolus insulin to (2) modification of the standard basal-bolus insulin regimen which will consist primarily increasing the prandial doses at lunch and supper in order to determine which regimen is superior for glycemic control.

inpatients who will receive single daily doses of prednisone or methylprednisolone for treatment of their underlying condition and who become hyperglycemic will be eligible. subjects will be randomized in a 1:1 fashion to one of two arms: (1) to their standard basal bolus insulin the addition of nph insulin given at the time of the steroid adminstration, adjusting the dose based on the dose of steroid; (2) an increase in the basal and prandial bolus insulin doses based on the dose of steroid. glycemic control and the incidence of hypoglycemia will be assessed over the first 3 days after initiating these insulin regimens.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients receiving once daily dosing of methylprednisolone or prednisone in a dose of 10 mg/day or greater * hyperglycemic (glucose level \> 126 mg/dl) * diabetic and nondiabetic patients * expected duration of hospital stay and time on steroids \>= 3 days * patient of appropriate caregiver able to give informed consent exclusion criteria: * patients with 2 or more doses of methylprednisolone/prednisone per day * steroids other than methylprednisolone or prednisone * pregnancy * estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) \< 45 ml/min/1.73m2

Keywords: steroid prednisone methylprednisolone hyperglycemia insulin hypoglycemia
group-integrated cognitive behavioural therapy (gi-cbt) to aid communities' reintegration of former terrorists in nigeria: a randomised control trial

Conditions: Depression; Trauma; Anxiety; Fear

Summary: the project aims to make significant contributions that change the conversation in communities and policy circles through promoting knowledge of nonviolent peace strategies using the group integrated cognitive behavioural therapy (gi-cbt) to help heal trauma, improve peace, and encourage positive rehabilitation and reintegration of former boko haram terrorists' members and their families.

the main question it aims to answer are: • what is the feasibility in terms of recruitment, retention, adherence to the intervention and communities/victims' satisfaction with gi-cbt to promote healing and improve the successful reintegration of of former boko haram terrorists' members and their families.into society? participants will be randomly allocated into two groups. the first group, the intervention group, will receive the group integrated cognitive behavioural therapy (gi-cbt). the second group will receive government intervention involving media messages from the national orientation agency devoid of gicbt. researchers will compare gi-cbt group with the media orientation group to see if there are differences between a change in attitude towards ex-offenders' reintegration at base line, end of intervention and three months follow up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. community members who had previous experience of trauma as a result of boko haram atrocities, score 5 and above for the culturally-adapted trauma screening questionnaire (brewinn et al., 2002) 2. are aged 18+ years and above 3. are residents of the designated areas including bornu (maiduguri), and its environs. exclusion criteria: * those not meeting the study inclusion criteria will be excluded.
intrauterine contraception after first trimester abortion - effects on quality of life and risk of repeat abortion.

Conditions: Contraception

Summary: a randomized prospective study on the effects of immediate provision of intrauterine contraception after first trimester induced abortion - effects on repeat abortions and quality of life.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * duration of pregnancy \< 12 weeks. * age ≥18 years exclusion criteria: * contraindication for spiral insertion: uterine anomaly, infection, copper allergy (cu-iud).

Keywords: contraception abortion first trimester intrauterine device
evaluating taste and smell function and food and taste preferences of head and neck cancer patients during radiation therapy/chemotherapy

Conditions: Head and Neck Cancer

Summary: changes to taste and smell have been reported in head and neck cancer patients who undergo radiation and chemotherapy. this may cause food to be unappealing and can lead to a reduced food intake. thsi study will increase our understanding of taste and smell changes and how it relates to food and taste preferences.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years or older * diagnosed with head and neck cancer including the lip, oral cavity, salivary glands, paranasal sinuses, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx and thyroid * all histologic types of cancer * all tumour stages according to american joint committee for cancer (ajcc) staging * all forms of rt including standard or investigational and/or concurrent standard or investigational chemotherapy for head and neck cancers * alert and mentally competent * english speaking exclusion criteria: * unable to swallow * unwilling to participate

Keywords: diet food taste smell head and neck radiation chemotherapy
acupoint focused ultrasound versus laserpuncture in mechanical neck pain

Conditions: Neck Pain

Summary: this study will be conducted to compare the effect of acupoint focused ultrasound and laser puncture on pain intensity level, neck range of motion, and neck function in patient with chronic mechanical neck pain

neck pain is a musculoskeletal condition with a high prevalence that may affect the physical, social, and psychological aspects of the individual, contributing to the increase in costs in society and business. neck pain was significantly associated with repetitive movement, activities that require lifting and moving loads, and being in sitting and leaning positions.non specific neck pain is a multifactorial and very common condition in adult individuals, traditional acupuncture (ta) and laser puncture (lp) may be treatment options for certain individuals in such a condition. the laser will be placed at the specific acupuncture points: tianzhu, fengchi, jianjing, and jianzhongshu . because ultrasound can deliver vibration energy to soft tissues noninvasively, ultrasound has been applied to diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications. to use ultrasound for acupoint stimulation, a stimulation device was developed using focused ultrasound. the application of an ultrasound stimulus to the acupuncture meridian system has been found safe and effective in many common clinical entities. the sonicator head is applied to the chosen location as in standard ultrasound therapy, with a gentle circular motion. forty five patients will be assigned randomly to three groups; experimental group 1 will receive acupoint focused ultrasound, experimental group 2 will receive laserpuncture and the control group will receive conventional treatment three times a week for four weeks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all subjects will be referred by the orthopedist. cervical pain is episodic chronic, having occurred and recurred over regular or irregular intervals of time over at least the last 3 months. the subject is willing and able to refrain from non-study procedure therapies for the management of neck pain throughout study participation. age ranged from 30-60 years bmi ranged from (25-30kg/m2) exclusion criteria: cervical pain is undiagnosed or has been diagnosed as being other than of benign musculoskeletal origin. tension myositis syndrome. osteoporosis with compression fractures. congenital deformity of spine. current active chronic pain disease. cancer or cancer treatment in the past 6 months. use of the following analgesics within 7 days of study onset - paracetamol, acetominophen, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids), compound analgesics, topical analgesics. use of the following muscle relaxants within the prior 30 days of study onset - cyclobenzaprine, diazepam, meprobamate.

Keywords: acupoint focused ultrasound laserpuncture chronic mechanical neck pain
clinical trial of an innovative digital therapeutic for smoking cessation with biochemical verification

Conditions: Nicotine Addiction; Drug Addiction; Drug Dependence; Substance Use Disorder; Tobacco Dependence

Summary: this study is evaluating the efficacy of treatment a for short-term smoking cessation through a blinded randomized controlled trial (rct) vs.treatment b.

the overarching study aim is to recruit a population of current smokers who are motivated to quit with the assistance of a mobile solution, enroll them into a study testing apps to help them quit, and randomize them into one of two arms. the core study period will consist of 8 weeks of usage of treatment a or treatment b. at the end of this period, users will receive notifications to link them to an online survey, which will record their responses in a secure database.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age 18 to 65 2. smokes at least 5 cigarettes daily 3. is interested in quitting in the next 30 days 4. owns an iphone with ios 9 or higher or android with os 4.1 or higher 5. willing and able to receive sms text messages 6. able to comprehend the english-language and the informed consent form 7. lives in the united states 8. one half of the study sample will be recruited from the general population of smokers via social media advertisements 9. one half of the study sample will be recruited via mail from a magellan behavioral health value-based care network exclusion criteria: 1. prior use of clickotine or quitguide 2. current use of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation or nicotine replacement therapy (nrt)

Keywords: smoking cigarette smoking tobacco smoking nicotine drug addiction tobacco