Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
different phenotypes of bronchiectasis

Conditions: Bronchiectasis

Summary: bronchiectasis is defined as abnormal chronic dilatation of one or more bronchi. patients have a structural abnormality of the bronchial wall that predisposes them to bacterial infection likely due to impaired mucus clearance. a vicious cycle of chest infections and chronic lung inflammation can lead to further damage of the bronchial wall and spread of disease to normal areas of bystander lung.

a search for an underlying cause, which may be amenable to a targeted intervention to prevent ongoing damage, is essential but often fruitless, and the focus of therapy rapidly turns to empiric treatments to prevent infective exacerbations and retard disease progression. the british thoracic society bronchiectasis management guidelines provide an in-depth summary of the available literature and are an excellent tool for guiding treatment decision making. however, they do not provide guidance on which patients are most likely to benefit from specific interventions.disease severity in bronchiectasis is hard to define. radiological severity grading scores exist; however, there is often a disconnect between radiological severity, symptom burden and disease progressionin 2014, competing bronchiectasis severity scores were published (faced and the bronchiectasis severity index (bsi). in each of these, a combination of patient demographics, symptom scores, comorbidities, and clinical, radiological and microbiological parameters were used to construct scoring systems. in case of the bsi, it predicted future mortality, and in the case of faced, extended to prediction of future exacerbation frequency, hospitalisation and quality of life.these severity scores have utility in identifying an individual's risk of disease progression to a predefined outcome and aid in sub classifying this heterogeneous group of patients in a manner that may pave the way to future mechanistic studies, which explain how these different disease phenotypes arise and inform the development of targeted therapeutics.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patient diagnosed as bronchiectasis according to clinical picture and high- resolution computed tomography scan of the chest. can perform pulmonary function test. exclusion criteria: no
ambulatory continuous peripheral nerve blocks for treatment of post-amputation phantom limb and stump pain

Conditions: Amputation; Phantom Limb; Stump Pain

Summary: research study to determine if putting local anesthetic-or numbing medication-through one or two tiny tube(s) placed next to the nerves that go to an amputated limb will decrease phantom limb and/or stump pain.

specific aim 1: to determine if, compared with current standard-of-care treatment, the addition of an ambulatory continuous peripheral nerve block decreases post-amputation phantom limb and stump pain. hypothesis 1: following upper or lower extremity amputation, phantom limb and/or stump pain will be significantly decreased four weeks following a multiple-day ambulatory continuous peripheral nerve block as compared with patients receiving standard-of-care treatment (as measured on the 11-point numeric rating scale). specific aim 2: to investigate the possible relationship between the addition of a multiple-day ambulatory continuous peripheral nerve block to standard-of-care treatment of post-amputation phantom limb and/or stump pain and cortical reorganization. hypothesis 2: following upper or lower extremity amputation with subsequent phantom limb pain/sensation and/or stump pain, the addition of a multiple-day ambulatory continuous peripheral nerve block to standard-of-care treatment will result in cortical reorganization during and four-weeks following the perineural infusion (as measured by mri).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * previous upper or lower limb amputation including at least one metacarpal or metatarsal bone, respectively * age 18 years or older * phantom limb and/or stump pain described as at least a 2 on the nrs for the previous week \[and pain occurring on a weekly basis over the previous month\] * willing to have an ambulatory perineural infusion for 6 days * willing to avoid additional "new" analgesic interventions from 4 weeks prior to at least 4 weeks following catheter placement, and preferably to 6 months following catheter placement * the availability of a "caretaker" who will transport the subject home following the procedure and remain with the subject for the first night of the infusion exclusion criteria: * known hepatic or renal insufficiency * allergy to the study medications * possessing a contraindication to perineural catheter placement or perineural local anesthetic infusion

Keywords: pain phantom limb stump pain catheter nerve block peripheral nerve block ucsd post-amputation phantom limb or stump pain
safety and efficacy of xalatan delivered using either a conventional dropper bottle or a delivery device

Conditions: Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Ocular Hypertension

Summary: compare the antihypertensive efficacy of two methods for instilling xalatan eyedrops


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension in 1 or both eyes exclusion criteria: * history of closed/barely open anterior chamber angle or a history of angle closure
effect of pursed-lips breathing combined with aerobic walking exercise on oxygenation and activity endurance in lung cancer patients after lobectomy

Conditions: Complications During Rehabilitation Stay

Summary: the effects of pursed-lip breathing or aerobic walking exercise in increasing muscle strength and motility and relieving dyspnea have been proved. however, patients with lung cancer often have decreased lung function and exercise capacity after lobectomy. the aim of this study was to explore the effects of pursed-lip breathing combined with aerobic walking exercise on postoperative oxygenation and exercise tolerance of lung cancer patients underwent lobectomy.

an randomized controlled trial was used. sixty eligible subjects from the department of thoracic surgery of a regional hospital in central taiwan participate in this study. a total of sixty subjects were randomly and equally assigned to the experimental group, control group i and control group ii, to carry out postoperative both pursed lip breathing and aerobic walking exercise, pursed lip breathing, and aerobic walking exercise respectively. all three interventions were conducted 3 times a day, each lasting 15 minutes, from the 1st to 5th day after the operation. pretests were done before the start of the three interventions on the first postoperative day, and posttests were done after the completion of the three interventions on the 5th postoperative day. data including 6-minute walking test, dyspnea visual analogue scale, rating scale of perceived exertion, peak expiratory flow rate and spo2 were collected.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants aged over 20 who have been informed of the research process and are willing to participate and sign consent. * participants with clear consciousness, the ability to communicate in mandarin or taiwanese, and the ability to walk independently. * participants diagnosed with lung cancer who have undergone lung lobe resection surgery. exclusion criteria: * changes in the surgical plan, not undergoing at least a single lung lobe resection. * deterioration of postoperative condition, making it impossible to correctly perform pursed lip breathing or aerobic walking exercises.

Keywords: lung cancer lobectomy pursed-lip breathing aerobic walking oxygenation exercise tolerance
noninvasive blood glucose monitoring method based on imaging of the eye

Conditions: Diabetes

Summary: previous animal studies done by dr. brent cameron in 2013 at the univ. of toledo have shown that glucose present in the fluid in the front of the eye, called the aqueous humor, correlates well with blood glucose. as blood glucose changes, the optical properties of the aqueous humor change, causing a change in the appearance of the iris of the eye.. the data collected in this study will be shared with irisense to assist in validating the algorithm being used to develop the database needed. the data collected so far is in a narrow band of the normal glycemic range (healthy volunteers). we will collect standard digital photographic images of the eyes of subjects with diabetes along with corresponding blood glucose concentrations using the finger stick glucose monitoring method. in order to do this we will use standard digital photography techniques that is embedded in our benchtop prototype device


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of diabetes type 1 and 2 and can be verified by the principal investigator exclusion criteria: * patients with any disease or abnormality of the eye * patients who are mentally incapacitated, cognitively impaired or with severe psychological disorders and cannot sign consent on their own
evaluation of a 3d functional metabolic imaging and risk assessment system for classifying women at high risk of breast cancer

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: the objective of the study is to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of cancer detection when mira technology is combined with mammography, by evaluating the area under the roc curve (auc) of mammography vs. mammography plus mira. this evaluation will be done in a reader study on a subset of women with histology confirmed cancer and healthy women with dense breast.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: a. subjects who are asymptomatic and scheduled to undergo routine screening mammography or b. subjects scheduled for image guided needle biopsy as a result of findings obtained during standard of care imaging modalities and c. subjects has a prior mammogram and have been diagnosed with extremely or heterogeneously dense breast tissue (density c or d) exclusion criteria: 1. male by birth. 2. individual is less than 30 and greater than 70 years old. 3. contraindication to bilateral mammography or mri 4. subjects who are unable to read, understand and execute the informed consent procedure. 5. subjects who have had mammography ultrasound or mri examination performed on the day of the study prior to mira scan. 6. subjects who have significant existing breast trauma. 7. subjects who have undergone lumpectomy/mastectomy. 8. subjects who have undergone breast reduction or breast augmentation. 9. subjects who have undergone any other type of breast surgery, excluding surgical biopsy. 10. subjects who have large breast scar / breast deformation 11. subjects who have undergone a breast needle biopsy or a surgical biopsy within the 6 month period prior to their intended enrollment into the study. 12. subjects who have a temperature \> 100° f (37.8c) degrees on the day of the mira imaging 13. subjects who are pregnant or lactating 14. subjects with known raynaud's disease 15. subjects that are claustrophobic or have physical limitations that do allow them to sit in the system chair for the required imaging session. 16. subjects with implanted pacemaker/defibrillator, implanted venous access device (portacath) or other implanted devices 17. subject with kidney failure 18. subject with known allergy to gadolinium 19. subject with a history of multiple contrast mri scans (more than 4 mri scans over the past two year) 20. inmates (45 cfr 46.306) or mentally disabled individuals 21. subjects with a bi-rads category 6 (e.g. for which mammogram was performed for the purpose of planning cancer therapy) 22. subjects currently participating in another investigational clinical study 23. subjects who participated in the calibration phase will not be able to participate in the testing phase
comparative study matching intraperitoneal onlay mesh (ipom) and sublay mesh to treat umbilical hernia

Conditions: Umbilical Hernia

Summary: this study is designed to compare two techniques for operative care of umbilical hernia in adults regarding wound complications, wound side fluid collections, recurrence rate, postoperative pain, duration of hospitalization and quality of life. the ipom technique provides mesh positioning directly into the abdominal cavity onto the defect under laparoscopic control while in sublay position the mesh is placed directly behind the rectus muscle after small incision close to the belly button.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * informed consent * patient age: ≥ 18 years * elective surgery for umbilical hernia * hernia diameter ≥ 1cm exclusion criteria: * previous history of median laparotomy * navel site infection * contraindication for general anaesthesia * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) score \>iv * pregnancy * cirrhosis of the liver (child b and c) and/or ascites * cytostatic therapy * incarcerated hernia * recurrent hernia

Keywords: umbilical hernia, wound complications, mesh repair, ipom, quality of life, sublay mesh repair, recurrence rate
storytelling intervention for african americans living with hypertension

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: narrative communication (e.g., storytelling) is an approach that has contributed to behavioral change for individuals with conditions such as diabetes, breast cancer, and hypertension. the objective of this study is to conduct a feasibility and pilot study storytelling intervention for african americans with hypertension. in the feasibility phase 30 african americans with hypertension will be recruited to view nine patient stories and provide feedback on the effectiveness, usefulness, and satisfaction with the stories. nine african americans adults with hypertension were filmed, sharing experiences living with and managing hypertension; including, diet and exercise tips, suggestions for locating healthy foods, and motivational stories about successfully controlling hypertension. during the feasibility phase feedback will also be elicited from the participants about the best approaches for delivering a storytelling intervention, and obtain feedback on the resources and health information that would be helpful to an individual participating in a storytelling intervention. in the pilot study phase, 30 african americans adults with hypertension will be recruited to participate in a 6-week trial, each week the participants will watch one story and review one module of health information accessible through the study specific website developed for the high blood pressure stories (hbpstories) study. data will be collected at baseline and 6-weeks including systolic and diastolic blood pressure, medication adherence, health behaviors such as diet and physical activity, and psychosocial measures including positive affect and self-efficacy in the management of hypertension.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: the study inclusion criteria are as follows: * self-reported hypertension * race/ethnicity: black or african american * prescribed antihypertensive medication * age ≥ 18 years exclusion criteria: the exclusion criteria are: * cognitive limitations that limit the ability to provide informed consent * unable to speak or read english

Keywords: storytelling hypertension
effects of aerobic and resistance training on accumulation of old, modified proteins in young and older adults

Conditions: Sarcopenia

Summary: muscle proteins accumulate damage during aging and leads to the loss of muscle mass and function in older people. exercise can increase the making of new proteins and removal of older proteins, but it is not known if the effect changes with aging or type of exercise. the investigators will determine the ability for endurance, resistance, or a combination of exercise training to remove older-damaged proteins and make newer-functional muscle proteins in groups of younger and older people. the investigators will particularly study protein that are involved with energy production (mitochondrial proteins) and force production (contractile proteins). hypothesis 1: older people will have greater accumulation of damaged proteins than younger people. hypothesis 2: aerobic exercise will decrease the accumulation of damaged forms of contractile and mitochondrial proteins in younger and older people. hypothesis 3: resistance exercise will decrease the accumulation of damaged forms of contractile proteins in younger and older people.

the loss of muscle mass and function with age leads to high social and economic costs. lifestyle interventions that can help maintain muscle mass and function can be beneficial to improve health and decrease the costs associated with loss of independence in the elderly. muscle proteins accumulate damage during aging, which is suggested to lead to loss of function. the biological processes that remove damaged proteins and synthesis new proteins appear to be decreased with aging. exercise is known to increase the processes that remove older and synthesis newer muscle proteins and may be an effect lifestyle intervention to improve muscle quality and function. additionally, specific types of proteins appear to decay with age including contractile and mitochondrial proteins. different types of exercise training can increase the making of specific proteins. the investigators will examine the ability for aerobic and resistance training to increase the quality of mitochondrial and contractile proteins between younger and older people.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy * 18 to 30 years or 65 to 80 years old * male and female exclusion criteria: * regular exercise program * smoking * metabolic disease (diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, thyroid disorders) * pregnancy * inability to exercise * overweight or obesity * drugs known to impair metabolic function (statin, beta-blocker, anti-inflammatory) * allergies to lidocaine

Keywords: exercise aging sarcopenia muscle function
proleukin in combination with rituxan in patients with intermediate and high-grade non-hodgkin's lymphoma.

Conditions: Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of combination therapy with proleukin and rituxan on patients with intermediate-and high- grade non-hodgkin's lymphoma.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion: * diagnosis: cd20+ b-cell non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl) classified as intermediate- or high-grade according to the working formulation, subtypes d to h. must have measureable progressive or refractory disease after no more than three prior chemotherapy regimens. exclusion: * clinically significant cardiac dysfunction, or a history of myocardial infarction or heart failure within 6 months of first study treatment * clinically significant pulmonary dysfunction. * liver disease (note hepatitis c seropositive subjects may be enrolled if they have no active disease as demonstrated by undetectable hcv viral loads, biopsy showing no active disease, and/or history of normal transaminases on at least three different dates within one year of first study treatment). * symptomatic thyroid disease requiring medical intervention other than replacement treatment for hypothyroidism. * history of autoimmune disease. * history of positive serology for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv).

Keywords: intermediate and high-grade non-hodgkin's lymphoma
efficacy of hylenex in the treatment of pain among hospice patients

Conditions: Pain Management

Summary: the overall aim of this study is to find out whether hylenex recombinant (for short, hylenex) in subcutaneous (sc) injection improves the speed and effectiveness of sc opioids in hospice patients. specifically, this study proposes to compare the level of self-reported pain in hospice patients started on sc infusions of morphine and hydromorphone (dilaudid) over the initial 8 hours of opioid infusion with and without the preceded co-injection of hylenex. hospice patients include both home-bound patients as well as those under intensive care in hospice houses.

as of january 2009, 58 patients were recruited to the study as study subjects. target goals for the study is to recruit 88 subjects with full and accurate information with about 44 patients in the hylenex group and another group of subjects in the control group.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. non-pregnant, non-lactating adults 18+ years enrolled in inpatient facilities at lifepath or good shepherd hospice 2. ability to provide informed consent; patient has decision-making capacity (spmsq score 6+) 3. ability to provide numerical report on pain level on pain scale 4. english-speaking 5. pain not satisfactorily controlled with current meds -oral, topical, or rectal; pain level greater than 3 at admission on a 0-10 scale 6. able to self-administer bolus dose or ask someone to hit bolus button 7. estimated life expectancy of 3 days or more 8. patients appropriate for continuous sc infusion with either morphine or hydromorphone. exclusion criteria: 1. history of allergy or hypersensitivity to hylenex or any components of product 2. patients on infusion therapy for pain management up to 14 days prior to entering inpatient facilities. 3. patients who are actively dying identified by any of the following physical signs and symptoms: 1. non-communicative or unresponsiveness; b) confusion/disorientation about time, place, and people; c) significant chest congestion with gurgling sounds; d) restless and repetitive motions; e) little or no food or fluid intake; f) minimal urine output and g) different breathing pattern, i.e., shallow rapid breaths with period of no breathing.

Keywords: hylenex, time tagged pain pain reduction, hospice population
immediate skin-to-skin care for preterm infants after birth

Conditions: Effect of Skin to Skin Care in Preterm Neonates; Skin to Skin Care

Summary: the standard procedure in our centre for preterm neonates is to enable skin-to-skin (ssc) contact within 24 hours after birth. as early ssc immediately after birth might provide numerous positive effects for mothers and their preterm neonates, the objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility, the safety and the effect of skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth in preterm neonates born with gestational age between 26+0 and 32+0 weeks.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * gestational age between 26+0 and 32+0 weeks * written parental informed consent exclusion criteria: * no intention of full life support * severe congenital malformation

Keywords: skin to skin care preterm neonates
increasing documentation and disclosure of sickle cell trait status: an implementation science approach

Conditions: Sickle Cell Trait

Summary: the hemoglobinopathy newborn screen (nbs) performed on all neonates in the u.s. allows for early life-saving medical care for infants with sickle cell disease (scd), an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. because of its detection method, the nbs incidentally reveals hemoglobinopathy traits including sickle cell trait (sct). in an effort to uphold the rights of the newborn to their medical data and preserve autonomy in medical decision making, pediatric and genetic society guidelines recommend disclosure and documentation of sct results during infancy. despite this guidance, a large guideline-to-practice gap exists: sct status is grossly under-documented in the pediatric electronic health record and few adults report knowing their sct status despite universal screening. we plan to evaluate the effect of a toolkit of sct documentation and disclosure (sct-dd) strategies on documentation and disclosure of sct by pediatric primary care providers in a 2-arm randomized interrupted time series trial.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * outpatient pediatric primary care providers within nemours and their patients exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: electronic health record pediatric newborn screen implementation