Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
evaluation of a femoralis, n femoralis and m iliopsoas tendon sonoanatomy according to age groups in children

Conditions: Anatomic Abnormality; Anatomy; Pediatrics; Anatomic Landmarks; Anthropometry

Summary: this study aims to examine the sonoanatomy of the inguinal region in children according to age groups.

regional anesthesia is frequently used in adults and children as part of multimodal analgesia or as a direct anesthesia method. nowadays, these regional blocks can be applied more safely with the widespread use of ultrasound in daily clinical practice. also, by identifying individual variations with ultrasound, the risk of block failure and possible complications has been minimized. femoral nerve block and pericapsular nerve group block are now almost the first techniques used in hip and lower extremity surgeries or different indications. (1) besides, these methods have become more advantageous in many aspects compared to spinal anesthesia in high-risk patients. however, to apply safe and successful regional anesthesia, both gross anatomy and sonoanatomy of the relevant region must be known well. there are sufficient clinical and anatomical studies on these anesthesia methods applied in the inguinal region in adults, and there is no anatomical and anthropometric study in children. (2,3) however, well-known anatomic reference points for performing these blocks in adults may be different in children. (4) therefore, with this study, we planned to develop appropriate anatomic reference points for these blocks in children by evaluating the relationship between sonography and inguinal region structures (such as distance, diameter measurement) in children's age groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all pediatric patients exclusion criteria: * a previous surgical history to the related area

Keywords: sonoanatomy pediatrics inguinal region variation anatomy peng femoral nerve regional anesthesia femoral artery
clinician judgment versus risk score to predict stroke outcomes: the jurassic clinical trial

Conditions: Stroke; Ischemic Stroke; Cerebrovascular Disease

Summary: background: several risk score models are now available to assist clinicians estimate outcomes after an acute ischemic stroke. limited information is available on the predictive value of these scores compared to real outcomes and clinical judgment. objectives: to compare clinician judgment with the use of a validated stroke risk score (iscore) and patients' outcomes.

a convenience sample of 111 practicing clinicians (general and vascular neurologists, internists, and er physicians) predicted the outcomes of 5 stroke patients based on case summaries. cases were randomly selected as being representative of the 10 most common clinical scenarios (n=1,415) from a pool of over 12,000 patients admitted to stroke centers in ontario, canada. stroke cases had known clinical presentation, comorbidities, stroke severity, and outcomes. all participants are active practicing physicians caring for patients with acute stroke. conditions were standardized to mimic clinical practice. main outcomes of interest included 30-day mortality and death or disability at discharge. secondary outcome: death or institutionalization at discharge

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * practicing and active physicians managing patients with stroke exclusion criteria: * retired physicians * physicians not exposed to care for stroke patients

Keywords: stroke risk score iscore outcomes mortality disability institutionalization
serial ecg versus holter to detect atrial fibrillation in elderly ischemic stroke patients

Conditions: Ischemic Stroke

Summary: paroxysmal atrial fibrillation is often undetected because characteristics such as short duration, episodic, and frequently asymptomatic nature make it challenging to diagnose at the bedside, leading to suboptimal secondary prevention. it is not uncommon for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation to be undetected in a single electrocardiogram (ecg) on admission. conventional 24-hour holter monitoring is often used to detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. however, systematic review suggests holter monitoring will identify atrial fibrillation in only an additional 4.6% of patients, no better than detection rates observed in groups lacking routine monitoring. on the other hand, for ischemic stroke patients with sinus rhythm at baseline but paroxysmal atrial fibrillation still suspected, no recommendation beyond repeated 12-lead ecgs is made in the united kingdom guideline. serial 12-lead ecg has been used to detect possible paroxysmal atrial fibrillation among acute ischemic stroke patients and found 15 new cases of atrial fibrillation in 133 acute ischemic stroke patients (11.3%) without atrial fibrillation at baseline. the optimal investigation strategy, including modality, duration of investigation, and patient subgroup remains undefined, not only for efficacy in the detection of atrial fibrillation, but also cost-effectiveness in healthcare systems. the objective of this project is to conduct a pragmatic multicenter randomized controlled trial for the comparison of serial 12-lead ecg once daily for 5 days and 24-hour holter to detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in acute ischemic stroke patients without atrial fibrillation identified by baseline ecg or history.

investigators plan to enroll 900 participants from six hospitals in taiwan. patients will be eligible for enrollment if they are admitted due to acute ischemic stroke within 2 days, with 65 years of age or older, do not have known atrial fibrillation on history or baseline ecg at admission. investigators will randomly assigned participants in a 1:1 ratio to undergo daily 12-lead ecg once daily for 5 days (intervention group) or 24-hour holter monitoring (control group).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. cerebral ischemia defined as stroke (sudden focal neurologic deficit lasting \>24 h consistent with the territory of a major cerebral artery and categorized as ischemic) and/or a corresponding lesion on brain imaging 2. stroke symptoms within 2 days 3. age ≥65 years exclusion criteria: 1. history of atrial fibrillation or documented atrial fibrillation prior to randomization 2. indication for oral anticoagulation at randomization 3. absolute contraindication for oral anticoagulation at randomization 4. intracerebral hemorrhage in medical history 5. implanted pacemaker device or cardioverter/defibrillator 6. end stage renal disease

Keywords: atrial fibrillation ischemic stroke electrocardiogram holter
role of rhumab-e25 in reducing exhaled nitric oxide (no) in allergic asthma

Conditions: Allergic Asthma

Summary: a single center pilot study to determine the protective effects of rhumab-e25 on airway physiology and biology in allergic asthmatics that undergo bronchoprovocation with methacholine. the primary study objective determines the protective impact of rhumab-e25 on airway inflammation as reflected in exhaled nitric oxide (no) levels in allergic asthmatics. the secondary objective determines the protective effect of rhumab e25 against airway bronchoconstriction as reflected in the provocative concentration of methacholine to cause a 20% fall in fev1(pc20) with methacholine challenge testing.

this is a single center prospective, open-label study. eligible subjects will undergo two baseline measurements of exhaled nitric oxide (no) before and after methacholine challenge testing at least one week apart. all subjects will receive treatment with rhumab-e25 in an open label fashion at day 0, weeks 4 and 8, and undergo methacholine challenge and no measurement at screening/baseline, weeks 0, 6, and 12. complete blood count (cbc) will be done at screening/baseline, weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, and week 12. for women of childbearing potential, a screening pregnancy test will be done. all statistical analysis will occur at the conclusion of this study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects must be at least 18 years of age, * must have an fev1 of \> 70% of predicted, * must have evidence of bronchial hyperreactivity to methacholine as defined by a methacholine provocation causing a 20% or greater fall in fev1 (pc20) \< 8 mg/ml * use of inhaled steroid is permitted; however, no change in inhaled steroid dosage will be permitted over the duration of study * must have a normal platelet count, * must be willing to and competent to sign the consent form exclusion criteria: * subjects that do not have allergic asthma will be excluded. * subjects with er visits or upper respiratory infections within the last six weeks will be excluded. * subjects with tobacco use within the past year or \> 10 pack year history of tobacco use will be excluded. * subjects with serum ige levels of less than 30 or greater than 700 iu/ml will be excluded. * subjects that require oral steroid use will be excluded. * subjects who weigh \ 150 kg are excluded, and subjects with baseline ige levels greater than 300 may be excluded, depending on weight * pregnant or nursing females will be excluded.

Keywords: asthma
popliteal snb:evaluation of block dynamics after subparaneural injection below cpn & tn

Conditions: Musculoskeletal Diseases or Conditions

Summary: this study aims to assess the effect of twin subparaneural injection into individual paraneural sheaths of common peroneal nerve (cpn) and tibial nerve (tn) below their point of divergence from the sciatic nerve on the sensory motor blockade after popliteal sciatic nerve block (psnb) at the popliteal fossa (back of the thigh) for patients requiring lower limb surgeries.

ultrasound (us) guided popliteal sciatic nerve block (psnb) has been routinely used to provide surgical anaesthesia for ankle and foot surgeries, and the introduction of ultrasound (us) guidance has improved the ease and accuracy of performing psnb. however, the challenge of achieving the optimal 'readiness for surgery' time after the us guided psnb continues to confront anaesthesiologists. cumulative evidence indicates that a subparaneural psnb improves sensory motor block outcome when compared to subepimyseal psnb where the local anaesthetic is deposited outside the paraneural sheath. while these are encouraging results, producing sensory motor blockade, i.e. surgical anaesthesia in the area innervated by the sciatic nerve within 30 minutes of local anaesthetic (la) injection, after a subparaneural psnb, remains a challenge with the success rate varying from 62-92%. reasons for this shortcoming, despite la being deposited in subparaneural space, close to the epineurium of the sciatic nerve, is probably multifactorial as the nerve size, surface area exposed to local anaesthetic, and internal architecture (the connective tissue component) of the sciatic nerve and its branches are all seems to influence block onset time and completeness. it was observed from our clinical practice that distal subparaneural injection (twin halo) into individual paraneural sheaths of common peroneal nerve (cpn) and tibial nerve (tn) below the point of divergence at the popliteal fossa demonstrated a faster sensory motor blockade after psnb. therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of twin subparaneural injection into individual paraneural sheaths of cpn and tn below their point of divergence from the sciatic nerve on the sensory motor blockade after psnb at the popliteal fossa.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status i-iii scheduled to undergo elective foot and/or ankle surgery under regional anesthesia. exclusion criteria: * patient refusal, asa physical status \> ⅲ, pregnancy, neuromuscular disorder, prior surgery in the popliteal fossa, coagulopathy, allergy to local anaesthetic drugs, and skin infection at the site of needle insertion.

Keywords: popliteal sciatic nerve block
personalized b-fructan diet in inflammatory bowel disease patients

Conditions: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Ulcerative Colitis

Summary: this study aims to examine patient tolerability of personalized dietary fibre consumption recommendations (high-pectin diet versus high-b-fructan diet based on personalized responses), provided by an ibd dietician, based on our novel translational research findings.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children (age 6-17) or young adults (age 18-39). * known or suspected uc or ibdu \[there will be 2 control group: non-ibd (undergoing colonoscopy but found not to have ibd; and healthy (no gi symptoms, so not required to have colonoscopy; could be family members)\] * for uc: remission-mild-moderate disease: mayo score \<10 * clinical indication for sedated colonoscopy * disease location: e2-e4 * stable treatment (not on steroids; biologics or immunomodulator not changed in last month) * high likelihood that patients will be able to collect all samples and provide all data exclusion criteria: * use of antibiotics for a week or more over the last 3 months * use of probiotics or prebiotics at pharmacological doses (adding fibre sources to food or probiotics in yogurt, for example, are allowed) * history of abdominal surgery, including appendectomy * documented enteric infection during the 3 months prior to endoscopy * presence of non-ibd bowel conditions (e.g., celiac), anatomical or mucosal abnormalities, motility disorder * presence of a systemic disease requiring treatment (cancer, ischemic heart disease, kidney failure, etc) * proctitis (e1) * systemic steroids (above 10 mg/day of prednisone) * topical therapy within 1 week of endoscopy * recent change in ibd treatment (started biologics or im over the last month) * pregnancy or planning to become pregnant during the study * inability to understand or sign the consent
intraperative assessment of renal perfusion using infrared imaging

Conditions: Kidney Transplantation

Summary: current assessment of organ tissue viability by surgeons in the operating room is limited to crude estimates such as overt physical examination, measurement of laboratory values and physical measurements of vascular flow and resistance. the ability to non-invasively measure tissue perfusion and oxygenation would provide the surgeon an improved means to assess if an injured organ will survive. the recent development of real time infrared (ir) and near infrared imaging spectroscopy (niris) digital cameras has allowed for the determination of tissue perfusion and oxygenation in a non-invasive fashion. although in the early stages of development, the application of infrared and nirs technology holds great promise to permit the surgeon to better assess the viability of tissues in ways that have not been possible. we propose to evaluate infrared and nirs technology in the assessment of kidney allografts using data previously collected during recipient operations at the nih.

current assessment of organ tissue viability by surgeons in the operating room is limited to crude estimates such as overt physical examination, measurement of laboratory values and physical measurements of vascular flow and resistance. the ability to non-invasively measure tissue perfusion and oxygenation would provide the surgeon an improved means to assess if an injured organ will survive. the recent development of real time infrared (ir) and near infrared imaging spectroscopy (niris) digital cameras has allowed for the determination of tissue perfusion and oxygenation in a non-invasive fashion. although in the early stages of development, the application of infrared and nirs technology holds great promise to permit the surgeon to better assess the viability of tissues in ways that have not been possible. we propose to evaluate infrared and nirs technology in the assessment of kidney allografts using data previously collected during recipient operations at the nih.

Eligibility criteria:
* inclusion criteria: nih transplant reccipients of living related, living unrelated, and cadaveric kidney transplants who underwent intra-operative ir/nirs imaging. exclusion criteria: none

Keywords: infrared imaging techniques kidney reperfusion pneumoperitoneum nephrectomy
effectiveness of local food solutions for the prevention of acute malnutrition in tigray, northern ethiopia (elofsam)

Conditions: Acute Malnutrition in Childhood

Summary: the lack of diversified and enriched complementary foods is one of the key causes of the high burden of acute malnutrition among 6-23 months old children in ethiopia. thus, a new innovative way of diversifying and enriching complementary foods is essential in communities where vulnerable populations are likely to have nutrient gaps in their typical diets and multiple micronutrient deficiencies. the purpose of this project is to investigate the acceptability and effectiveness of locally produced cereal based foods (lp-cbfs) and small quantity lipid based nutrient supplements (sq-lns) as preventive interventions to effectively reduce the burden of acute malnutrition among 6-23 months old children in the post conflict settings of tigray, northern ethiopia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all 6-23 months old children exclusion criteria: * 6-23 months old children with severe acute malnutrition.
nimotuzumab in combination with radiotherapy for esophageal cancer

Conditions: Esophageal

Summary: nimotuzumab (hr3) is an igg1 humanized monoclonal antibody that recognized an epitope located in the extra cellular domain of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr). clinical efficacy has been shown in adult with head and neck cancer. the phase ii study assessed the efficacy and safety of the combination of nimotuzumab administered concomitantly with radiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer tumours.

clinical efficacy has been shown in adult with head and neck cancer. the phase ii study assessed the efficacy and safety of the combination of nimotuzumab administered concomitantly with radiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer tumours.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. pathologically or cytology diagnosed phase ii-iii esophageal carcinoma or iv thoracic segments carcinoma with the supraclavicular lymph nodes metastasis. 2. with the measureable lesion of the newly diagnosed the esophageal carcinoma. 3. age 18-75 years old 4. ecog≤2 5. expect survival date ≥3 months 6. without serious diseases of important organs 7. signature in the inform consent. exclusion criteria: 1. pregnant or breast-feeding women or using a prohibited contraceptive method. 2. with psychiatric diseases. 3. with serious diseases or uncontrolled infection. 4. with history of other tumors. 5. participation other clinical trials within 1 month prior to inclusion in the trial. 6. not the first antitumor treatment .

Keywords: nimotuzumab esophageal radiotherapy
the european registry of older subjects with atrial fibrillation (eurosaf)

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: preliminary data suggest that: 1. a different risk of mortality, as assessed by the multidimensional prognostic indices (mpi), may influence the anticoagulant prescription in older subjects with atrial fibrillation (af); 2. the presence of multidimensional impairment, disability and multi-morbidities are usually not included in the decision algorithm of the more appropriate treatments in older patients with af; 3. considering the prognostic information, as calculated by the mpi, can be useful to physicians in identifying older patients with af that can benefit from anticoagulant treatment in term of increased survival.

the main objective of this observational study is to evaluate in a "real world" population of older hospitalized patients with af, the clinical benefit/risk ratio of the anticoagulant treatments in terms of: 1. mortality (all-cause and vascular mortality); 2. thromboembolic events, i.e. stroke, systemic embolism; 3. bleeding side-effects, especially intracranial and gastrointestinal bleeding secondary objective of the study is to evaluate whether a different prognostic profile, as determined by the mpi, is associated with 1) different kind of treatments for af (no treatment vs anticoagulants, i.e. vitamin k antagonists (vka) or novel oral anticoagulant (noacs); and 2) differences in the main outcomes (i.e. mortality, major thromboembolic events and side effects including bleeding events).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: this is an observational study in which all consecutive patients admitted to the geriatrics units involved in the project will be screened for inclusion. the inclusion criteria are: 1. patients of both genders, aged 65 years and older 2. admitted to hospital for acute diseases or a relapse of chronic diseases 3. with a documented diagnosis of non valvular af 4. who are willing to participate in the survey and give their informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. age less than 65 years 2. patients who have not provided informed consent

Keywords: anticoagulant treatments multidimensional prognostic index (mpi) comprehensive geriatric assessment (cga) frailty elderly atrial fibrillation
complex decongestive therapy on distal radius fracture

Conditions: Distal Radius Fracture

Summary: trauma results in inflammatory reactions accompanied by high protein edema. trauma can also reduce the carrying capacity of the lymphatic system below normal lymphatic load, leading to exposure of lymphedema. cellular wastes accumulated in interstitial fields and prolonged exudation period create a physiological problem. it causes the recovery time of tissues to be completed late and the functional gains to be delayed. the aim of the study is to investigate the effect of complex decongestive therapy on traumatic edema, pain and functionality.

patients are composed of patients who are referred to the physical medicine and rehabilitation clinic. all patients eligible for the study were informed about treatment and possible risks, and a consent form was signed. determined evaluations were made to the patients. after 3 weeks of treatment, patients will be invited to the controls and the long-term effects of the treatments will be investigated. patients with a diameter difference of more than 50 ml between two extremities and patients without sudeck atrophy will be included in the treatment. the study was planned as a single blind with randomized control. the physiotherapist who performed the treatment received manual lymph drainage therapy training. the patients were distributed to groups with a computer-based data distribution system. while the patients are sent for treatment, they are directed according to the first assessment. the person who performed the assessment and those who received treatment were planned differently. the primary purpose of the study was to investigate the long-term effectiveness of complex decongestive therapy on traumatic edema, as well as to evaluate long-term hand functions. other objectives are to investigate the long-term effects on range of motion, muscle strength, grip strength, pain, and daily living activities.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * over 45 years * unilateral distal radius fracture treated with plaster cast * begin treatment after (7-10) days after removing the plaster * at least 50 ml of the volume difference between the upper extremities * having signed the consent form exclusion criteria: * associated ulna fracture * pathological fracture * polytrauma * bilateral fractures * with chronic kidney disease * the presence of infection
healthy volunteer study of sildenafil effects upon vision

Conditions: Blindness

Summary: patients sometimes report subjective visual effects when taking sildenafil. our study set out to measure these in a controlled setting. subjects were asked to detect patterns presented on a monitor screen.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: male - exclusion criteria: -