diamyd administered into lymph nodes in combination with vitamin d in type 1 diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus; Autoimmune Diseases; Metabolic Disease; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Immune System Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Juvenile Diabetes; Insulin Dependent Diabetes; Autoimmune Diabetes; Vitamin D; Physiological Effects of Drugs

Summary: the objective of diagnode-2 is to evaluate the efficacy of diamyd compared to placebo, upon administration directly into a lymph node in combination with an oral vitamin d/placebo regimen, in terms of preserving endogenous insulin secretion as measured by c-peptide.

the study is a 2-arm, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, clinical trial. eligible patients will receive injections of diamyd/placebo into an inguinal lymph gland at three occasions, with one month intervals in combination with an oral vitamin d/placebo regimen (starting 1 month ahead of injections) during 4 months. all patients will continue to receive intensive insulin treatment from their personal physicians during the whole study period. the patients will be followed in a blinded manner for a total of 15 months. all patients that have not performed the 15 months visit when the updated protocol is implemented, will be asked to participate in the extension study period which includes an additional visit at month 24.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. informed consent given by patients and/or patient's parent(s) or legal acceptable representative(s) (guardian(s)) according to national regulations 2. type 1 diabetes (t1d) according to the amercian diabetes association (ada) classification diagnosed ≤6 months at the time of screening 3. age: ≥12 and \<25 years old 4. fasting c-peptide ≥0.12 nmol/l (0.36 ng/ml) on at least one occasion (maximum 2 tests on different days within a period of 2 weeks) 5. positive for glutamic acid decarboxylase isoform 65 (gad65a) but \< 50 000 iu/ml 6. females must agree to avoid pregnancy and have a negative urine pregnancy test. patients of childbearing potential must agree to use adequate contraception, until one (1) year after the last administration of diamyd. adequate contraception is as follows: for females of childbearing potential: 1. oral (except low-dose gestagen (lynestrenol and norestisteron)), injectable, or implanted hormonal contraceptives 2. combined (estrogen and progestogen containing) 3. oral, intravaginal or transdermal progesterone hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation 4. intrauterine device 5. intrauterine hormone-releasing system (for example, progestin-releasing coil) 6. bilateral tubal occlusion 7. vasectomized male (with appropriate post vasectomy documentation of the absence of sperm in the ejaculate) 8. male partner using condom 9. abstinence from heterosexual intercourse for males of childbearing potential: 1. condom (male) 2. abstinence from heterosexual intercourse exclusion criteria: 1. previous or current treatment with immunosuppressant therapy (although topical or inhaled steroids are accepted) 2. continuous treatment with anti-inflammatory drug (sporadic treatment e.g. because of headache or in connection with fever a few days will be accepted) 3. treatment with any oral or injected anti-diabetic medications other than insulin 4. a history of anemia or significantly abnormal hematology results at screening 5. a history of epilepsy, head trauma or cerebrovascular accident, or clinical features of continuous motor unit activity in proximal muscles 6. clinically significant history of acute reaction to vaccines or other drugs in the past 7. treatment with any vaccine, including influenza vaccine, within 4 months prior to planned first study drug dose or planned treatment with any vaccine up to 4 months after the last injection with study drug. 8. participation in other clinical trials with a new chemical entity within the previous 3 months 9. inability or unwillingness to comply with the provisions of this protocol 10. a history of alcohol or drug abuse 11. a significant illness other than diabetes within 2 weeks prior to first dosing 12. known hiv or hepatitis 13. females who are lactating or pregnant (the possibility of pregnancy must be excluded by urine βhcg on-site within 24 hours prior to the diamyd/placebo treatment) 14. presence of associated serious disease or condition, including active skin infections that preclude intralymphatic injection, which in the opinion of the investigator makes the patient non-eligible for the study 15. deemed by the investigator not being able to follow instructions and/or follow the study protocol

Keywords: diamyd diabetes juvenile diabetes diabetes type 1 type 1 diabetes autoimmune diabetes insulin dependent diabetes type 1 diabetes mellitus rhgad65 gad65 diabetes mellitus diabetes mellitus type 1 glucose metabolism disorders metabolic diseases vitamin d vitamins micronutrients cholecalciferol ergocalciferols