Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effect of axial length of the globe on retinal nerve fibre thickness

Conditions: Myopia

Summary: the goal of this obsrevational study is to learn about retinal nerve fibres and if their numbers changed with axial length of the globe or not. the main question to answer is there is effect of long axial length on the thickness of the retinal nerve fibers participants will be asked to: * measure the axial length with ultrasound * measure the thickness of retinal nerve fibers with optical coherence tomography

aim of the work: to investigate the effect of axial length on the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer. patients and methods study design: cross sectional comparative study. location: ophthalmology department, sohag teaching hospital. ethical approval: a written informed consent will be taken from all patients about the aim of the study, the nature of the planned investigation. an approval of the ethical committee of sohag faculty of medicine will be fulfilled. methodology the study will include 80 patients healthy volunteers who underwent ophthalmologic examinations including retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl) thickness analysis with optical coherence tomography (oct), auto refraction, and axial length measurement. inclusion criteria: healthy volunteers attending the outpatient clinic for surface ocular diseases. exclusion criteria: * glaucoma patients. * media opacity (corneal, lens or vitreous opacity) * previous ocular surgery. * diabetic patients. * retinal diseases. method of the study: 1. detailed ophthalmological and medical history. 2. detailed slit lamp examination. 3. visual acuity (va) and best corrected visual acuity (bcva) using snellen chart and recorded in decimal notation. 4. auto refraction using topcon auto refractometer rm-800. 5. optical coherence tomography (oct) scan of retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl) and ganglion cell complex (gcc) thickness using avanti scanner optovue. 6. axial length (al) measured by e-z scan 5500 sonomed a-scan ultrasound and biometry. the patients will be divided into 3 groups: group 1 patients with axial length less than 21 mm. group 2 patients with axial length 21-24 mm. group 3 patients with axial length more than 24 mm.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy volunteers attending the outpatient clinic for surface ocular diseases. * patients who are cooperative with optical coherence tomography (oct) device. exclusion criteria: * glaucoma patients. * media opacity (corneal, lens or vitreous opacity) * previous ocular surgery. * diabetic patients. * retinal diseases.

Keywords: axial length rnfl
treatment with mk0966 for the prevention of prostate cancer (0966-201)

Conditions: Prostate Cancer

Summary: to determine the efficacy and safety of an investigational compound (mk0966) for the prevention of prostate cancer.

the duration of treatment is 6 years.

Eligibility criteria:
regular psa testing and study biopsies required.
tb screening improves preventive therapy uptake

Conditions: Tuberculosis; Latent Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis Prevention; HIV

Summary: hiv-infected people have an increased risk of developing active tuberculosis (tb). to reduce the burden of tb among people living with hiv (plhiv), the world health organization (who) recommends systematic tb screening followed by 1) confirmatory tb testing for all those who screen positive and 2) tb preventive therapy (tpt) for all tpt-eligible plhiv who screen negative. the objective of the tb screening improves preventive therapy uptake (tb script) trial is to determine whether tb screening based on c-reactive protein (crp) levels, measured using a rapid and low-cost point-of-care (poc) assay, improves tpt uptake and clinical outcomes of plhiv, relative to symptom-based tb screening.

the overall objective of the tb script trial is to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of poc crp-based tb screening, which is the next step required for successful scale-up of both systematic tb screening and tpt. the study's central hypothesis is that compared to symptom-based tb screening, a tb screening strategy based on crp levels measured at the point-of-care will improve tpt uptake, thereby reducing tb incidence and its associated mortality among plhiv. to test this hypothesis, the investigators will conduct an individual randomized control trial enrolling plhiv presenting to clinics in uganda for routine antiretroviral therapy (art) initiation. eligible participants will be randomized to either poc crp-based tb screening (intervention arm) or symptom-based tb screening (control arm). in both arms, screen-positive participants will undergo confirmatory tb testing; participants found to have prevalent tb will be initiated on standard tb treatment. in both arms, screen-negative participants will be assessed for tpt eligibility; tpt-eligible participants will be initiated on standard tpt. all participants will be followed for 2 years.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 years * confirmed hiv+ test result * cd4 t lymphocyte count of ≤ 350 cells/μl * capacity to provide written (or witnessed verbal, if illiterate) informed consent exclusion criteria: * completed treatment for active pulmonary or extra-pulmonary tb within the past 2 years * completed a full course of tpt within the past year * actively taking any internationally-approved medication for tb treatment for any reason, within 2 weeks of study entry * prior history of combined art for hiv treatment for any duration (does not include single-dose art for prevention of vertical transmission of hiv) * currently resides 25 km outside their enrollment site, plans to move 25 km outside their enrollment site in the next 2 years, or plans to transfer their hiv care from their current enrollment site

Keywords: tuberculosis latent tuberculosis tuberculosis preventive therapy hiv c-reactive protein symptom screening intensified case finding
assessment of lcz696 and valsartan in asian patients with salt-sensitive hypertension

Conditions: Salt-sensitive Hypertension

Summary: this study will evaluate the effect of lcz696 and valsartan on natriuresis, diuresis, and blood pressure in salt-sensitive asian hypertensive patients.


Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * written informed consent must be obtained before any study assessment is performed. * males and females of non-childbearing potential and of legal age (at least 18 years or older as defined by local law). * asian patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension, untreated or currently taking antihypertensive therapy with up to two drugs. key exclusion criteria: * women of child-bearing potential. * history of angioedema, drug-related or otherwise * history of hypersensitivity to lcz696, valsartan, or drugs of similar chemical classes. * severe hypertension (grade 3 of who classification; msdbp ≥100 mmhg and/or mssbp ≥ 180 mmhg) at screening or at the end of the washout period. * history or evidence of a secondary form of hypertension, * transient ischemic cerebral attack (tia) during the 12 months prior to screening or any history of stroke. * history of myocardial infarction, coronary bypass surgery or percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) during 12 month prior to screening. * current or history of hypertensive retinopathy. * previous or current diagnosis of heart failure (nyha class ii-iv). * clinically significant valvular heart disease at screening. other protocol defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply

Keywords: hypertension, salt sensitivity, valsartan, lcz696
changes in the risk factors of coronary heart disease observed after scaling and root planing

Conditions: Coronary Heart Disease; Periodontitis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether scaling and root planing as a periodontal intervention helps in improving the overall health of patients suffering from coronary heart disease.

this study is a randomized, outcome assessor blinded, parallel group, trial to evaluate the effect of non surgical periodontal treatment in the form of scaling and root planing on coronary heart disease patients. 70 clinically defined coronary heart disease (chd) patients with mild to moderate periodontitis, were allocated into two groups- experimental and control, in a ratio of 1:1. scaling and root planing was provided as the intervention to the experimental group. to the control group no periodontal intervention in any form was provided. the primary outcome assessed is the changes in c-reactive protein level at baseline and after 1, 3, and 6 months of periodontal intervention. the secondary outcomes assessed are lipid profile, white blood cells (wbc) profile, and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) at baseline and after 1, 3, and 6 months of periodontal intervention. periodontal parameters including plaque index (pi), gingival index (gi), bleeding on probing (bop), periodontal probing depth (ppd), and clinical attachment loss (cal) is also assessed at baseline and after 6 months. all these parameters were also compared with their corresponding values in the control group.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female \> 35 yrs of age * clinically diagnosed stable chd cases * no other systemic disease * non-smoker * advanced chronic gingivitis and mild to moderate chronic periodontitis (≥ 4 teeth with probing depth ≤ 5 mm) and ≥ 14 teeth (excluding third molars) * no periodontal therapy in the last 12 months. exclusion criteria: * not fulfilling criteria of the defined chd case * present smoker * pregnant or lactating females * suffering from any other systemic disease like diabetes * taking systemic antibiotic therapy in the last 3 months * advanced chronic periodontitis (probing depth \> 5mm) and \<14 teeth (excluding third molars) * received any periodontal therapy within last 12 months.

Keywords: coronary heart disease periodontitis c-reactive protein blood pressure
gos and insulin sensitivity

Conditions: Obesity; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: based on our hypothesis that orally administered gos will be fermented into a scfa pattern high in acetate and that this will lead to beneficial effects on human substrate and energy metabolism, we aim to address the following primary objective: to investigate the effects of a 12-week supplementation of gos on peripheral insulin sensitivity and body weight control in obese adults with impaired glucose homeostasis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: overweight/obese (bmi ≥ 28 kg/m2 \< 40 kg/m2) insulin impaired men and post-menopausal women with impaired glucose tolerance (igt: 2h plasma glucose during 75g ogtt 7.8-11.1 mmol/l) and/or impaired fasting glucose (plasma glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/l) aged 45-70 years will be included in the study. in addition, subjects have to be weight-stable for at least 3 months prior to participation (no change in bodyweight, i.e. \< 3kg). exclusion criteria: * diabetes mellitus * gastroenterological diseases or major abdominal surgery (allowed i.e.: appendectomy, cholecystectomy) * lactose intolerance and other digestive disorders * cardiovascular disease, cancer, liver or kidney malfunction (determined based on alat and creatinine levels, respectively) * disease with a life expectancy shorter than 5 years * abuse of products (alcohol consumption \> 15 units/week, or any drugs) * excessive nicotine use defined as \>20 cigarettes per day

Keywords: insulin sensitivity
receptivfity &amp; immunology in art

Conditions: Infertility (IVF Patients); Infertility Assisted Reproductive Technology

Summary: the goal of this clinical non-invasive observational pilot study is to improve the prediction of pregnancy success after in vitro fertilisation (ivf)/ivf -intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi) treatment by examining the vaginal microbiome and the immunological profile of menstrual blood in women (18-42) years old) undergoing their first ivf/ivf/icsi treatment. the main questions it aims to answer are: what is the receptivfity profile (low, medium, or high) of the vaginal microbiome in these women? how do the endometrial-derived lymphocytes respond to different immune stimuli and microbiota? can the endometrial stromal cells decidualize effectively in the presence or absence of specific microbiota? participants will: self-perform a vaginal swab to determine the receptivfity profile of their vaginal microbiome. self-collect menstrual blood during 24 hours in 2 blocks of 12 hours for immunological analysis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. indication for an ivf or ivf/icsi procedure. 2. 18 years - 42 years. 3. european origin 4. willing to provide a vaginal swab with the receptivfity-test. 5. willing to provide informed consent. exclusion criteria: 1. no transferable embryos after ivf or ivf/icsi. 2. emergency ivf for cancer or other reasons. 3. women with endometriosis pre-treated with an gn-rh analogue. 4. the use of (hormonal) contraceptives or antibiotics 3 months prior to start ivf or ivf/icsi. 5. women unable or unwilling to agree with the procedures. 6. women unable or unwilling to give written informed consent.

Keywords: ivf success prediction vaginal microbiome menstrual blood immunology assisted reproductive technology (art) infertility biomarkers
informant questionaire on cognitive decline in the elderly (iqcode) and delirium in geriatric patients

Conditions: Delirium in Old Age; Cognitive Decline

Summary: to investigate the usefulness of the informant questionaire on cognitive decline in the elderly (iqcode) to predict delirium in elderly patients admitted to emergency department (ed) with geriatric assessment and transferred to geriatric ward.

design: the project will be conducted as a prospective study. methods: exposure: the short iqcode is a 16-item questionnaire that ask relatives about changes in the elderly patients cognitive performance over the previous 10 years. the score range from one to five, with a high score reflecting bad evolution through the years. settings: patients (aged ≥75 years) admitted to ed (medical and surgery) and transferred to a geriatric ward at aarhus university hospital, who meet the inclusion criteria will be asked if the staff is allowed to contact their relatives. by oral consent, the relatives are interviewed by telephone or at the hospital. the iqcode are filled in during the interview. in the geriatric ward the assessment of delirium by a positive confusion assesment method (cam) is done twice a day and is part of the regular procedure in the geriatric department at aarhus university hospital. sample size: the power calculation is based on a pilot study of iqcode. the study that included 32 75-year-olds from geriatric ward at aarhus university hospital, showed an no incidence of delirium of when the iqcode-score was ≤3,125. on the contrary the incidence of delirium was 15% when the iqcode-score was \>3,125. with a power of 90% and a significance level of 5%, 76 patients should be included in each group to predict delirium. time frame: of the 80 admitted to the geriatric wards, only 20% in the pilot study had an iqcode-score ≤3,125. with an expected response rate of 70%, the data collection period is expected to last five months.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients admitted to the emergency medical and surgery ward and transferred to a geriatric ward at aarhus university hospital in the period from the 20th of march to september 2017. exclusion criteria: * patients transferred to the geriatric ward in the evening and night as well as weekends and holidays, when there is no geriatric staff present. * patients who upon admission are dying assessed by a geriatrician * patients with stroke where aphasia is present * patients with severe dementia without language * patients who are inability to understand or speak danish

Keywords: delirium cognitive decline iqcode
a study to investigate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of ro7565020 in healthy participants and in participants with chronic hepatitis b virus infection

Conditions: Chronic Hepatitis B

Summary: this is a first in human (fih), multi-center, dose-finding, and dose-escalation phase i clinical study of ro7565020 to investigate the safety and tolerability and to characterize the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics following single and/or multiple doses of ro7565020 in healthy participants and/or virologically suppressed participants with chronic hepatitis b (chb).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: healthy volunteers: * healthy participants * body mass index (bmi) between 18 and 32 kg/m\^2 chb participants: * chb infection (hbsag-positive for \>/= 6 months) * on nuc (etv, taf, or tdf) monotherapy for \>/= 12 months * liver biopsy, fibroscan, or equivalent test within the past 6 months demonstrating liver disease consistent with chronic hbv infection without evidence of bridging fibrosis or cirrhosis * bmi between 18 and 32 kg/m\^2 exclusion criteria: healthy volunteers: * history of any clinically significant disease * concomitant disease that could interfere with treatment or conduct of study * use of any treatment within the 2 weeks or within 5 half-lives prior to first dosing (whichever is longer) chb participants: * evidence of liver cirrhosis or decompensated liver disease * history or suspicion of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) * history or evidence of a medical condition associated with chronic liver disease other than hbv infection, or clinically significant and not adequately controlled non-hepatic disease * history of or currently receiving any systemic anti-neoplastic or immune-modulatory treatment within the 8 weeks prior to the first dosing or the expectation that such treatment will be needed at any time during the study.
high flow nasal canula oxygen helps preoxygenate ards patients

Conditions: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Summary: tracheal intubation in the icu is associated with significant complications and morbidity. desaturation is among the most frequent and hazardous complication, occurring in almost one out of four intubations, that may in some instances lead to cardiac arrest; despite appropriate preoxygenation. non-invasive ventilation may help improve preoxygenation but does not allow for apneic oxygenation and may not be performed in patients with neurological impairment. high flow nasal canula oxygen is increasingly used in the icu in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and may be used to improve preoxygenation. it is currently used in our icu for that purpose. because high flow nasal canula oxygen is our first line oxyten therapy for patients with acute respirtory distress syndrome, we sought to determine its use as a means to ensure preoxygenation in those ards patients that require intubation.

high flow nasal canula oxygen is increasingly used to provide heated and humidified oxygen in patients with acute respiratory failure. one of the major advantages of high flow nasal canula oxygen is the possibility to maintain oxygenation during laryngoscopy and thereby providing high flow apneic oxygenation. in addition, and contrary no non-invasive ventilation, preoxygenation may be used in patients with neurological impairment. finally, the interest of this device is that it is the same that is maintained throughout the whole management of the patient, from icu admission to intubation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ards according to the berlin criteria * use of high flow nasal canula oxygen exclusion criteria: -

Keywords: respiratory distress syndrome, adult intubation, intratracheal oxygen inhalation therapy positive-pressure respiration laryngoscopy
to compare the efficacy of surgery followed by sunitinib with surgery followed by imatinib in gist patients with progression on imatinib.

Conditions: GIST

Summary: to compare the efficacy of surgery followed by sunitinib with surgery followed by imatinib in gist patients with progression on imatinib;to investigate the optimal therapy after surgery in gist patients with focal or multifocal progression in imatinib

primary endpoint: to evaluate the progression free survival of the patients with progression receiving surgery followed by sunitinib therapy comparing with surgery followed by imatinib secondary endpoint：to evaluate the overall survival of the patients with progression receiving surgery followed by sunitinib therapy comparing with surgery followed by imatinib the relationship of c-kit secondary mutation and progression free survival of surgery followed by tki therapy the safety and tolerability of the two therapy. statistics:all the statistical analysis is performed using spss version 20.0 (ibm corporation, united states). pearson's chi-squared test was used to compare categorical variables. pfs and os analyses were estimated with kaplan-meier method and log-rank test and multivariable analyses were performed to assess survival difference. a two sided p-value of \<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. .histopathological diagnosis of metastatic gist. 2. . after the treatment of imatinib, imatinib 400mg/day after treatment, the tumor generalized. 3. . patients with generalized progress were satisfied with tumor reduction after imatinib resistance for various reasons. 4. at least 1 month after surgery for imatinib treatment or sunitinib treatment. 5. at least one imaging assessment was received after surgery. 6. . complete clinical data and follow-up data. exclusion criteria: 1. . before operation, he was treated with sunitinib 2. . patients receiving tumor reduction were not satisfied with the standard of the reduction of tumor. 3. . the treatment of imatinib or sunitinib after surgery was less than 1 month. 4. . incomplete clinical data or follow-up data.

Keywords: sunitinib imatinib
determination of parathyroid function by fluorescence with indocyanine green (icg) after total thyroidectomy

Conditions: Hypocalcemia; Total Thyroidectomy; Hypoparathyroidism Postprocedural

Summary: the intensity of parathyroid fluorescence that occurs after intravenous injection of indocyanine green during the performance of a total thyroidectomy correlates with postoperative parathyroid function and could be used as a diagnostic marker of postoperative hypoparathyroidism and hypocalcemia.

the main objective of the study is to compare the intensity of parathyroid fluorescence among patients who present post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia with that of patients who do not have it. therefore, the following points will be studied: * to study the correlation between parathyroid vascularization (intraoperative fluorescence intensity) and postoperative glandular function (serum calcium and parathormone levels). * to compare the surgeon's subjective assessment of parathyroid fluorescence in the groups of patients with and without postoperative hypocalcemia. * to compare the objective assessment of parathyroid fluorescence, by using specific computer software developed ad hoc, in the groups of patients with and without postoperative hypocalcemia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who are going to undergo total thyroidectomy, with or without cervical lymph node dissection. * visualization of 2 or more parathyroid glands during the surgical act. * normal renal and hepatic functions. * absence of a history of hypersensitivity reactions to iodine or indocyanine green. * able to understand the nature and protocol of the study and its procedures * willingness to participate with the subsequent signing of informed consent. exclusion criteria: * age \<18 years * hepatic or renal insufficiency * hypersensitivity to iodine or to indocyanine green. * pregnancy or lactation * inability to understand the nature and procedures of the study. * patients with known preoperative hyperparathyroidism.

Keywords: hypocalcemia post-thyroidectomy indocyanine green fluorescence guided surgery parathyroid fluorescence