Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
rifabutin therapy for the prevention of mycobacterium avium complex (mac) bacteremia in aids patients with cd4 counts = or < 200: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Conditions: Mycobacterium Avium-intracellulare Infection; HIV Infections

Summary: the primary objective of this trial is to assess the safety and the relative benefit of rifabutin monotherapy in preventing or delaying the incidence of mycobacterium avium complex (mac) bacteremia in aids patients with cd4 counts less than or equal to 200, as compared to placebo, and to assess if survival is prolonged in patients who receive rifabutin prophylaxis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria patients must have the following: * diagnosis of aids with a case defining infection other than mycobacterium avium complex (mac). * written informed consent obtained, which must include a statement that treatment may involve risks to the embryo or fetus, which are currently unforeseeable, if the subject becomes pregnant. exclusion criteria co-existing condition: patients with the following conditions or symptoms are excluded: * known hypersensitivity to rifabutin, rifampin, other rifamycins, zidovudine or didanosine (ddi). * previous or current infection due to mycobacterium avium complex (mac) disease as evaluated by two successive blood cultures and two successive stool cultures taken within 14 days prior to study initiation. concurrent medication: excluded: * antiretroviral agents other than zidovudine (azt). * didanosine (ddi). * antimycobacterial therapy. * rifampin. * isoniazid. * clofazimine. * ethambutol. * cycloserine. * ethionamide. * amikacin. * ciprofloxacin. * streptomycin. * other investigational drugs. * if antimicrobial therapy is required to treat bacterial infections (= or \< 14 days), adria laboratories must be contacted prior to initiation of therapy. patients with the following are excluded: * known hypersensitivity to rifabutin, rifampin, other rifamycins, zidovudine (azt), or didanosine (ddi). * previous or current mycobacterium avium complex (mac) infection. * perceived patient unreliability or unavailability for frequent monitoring. prior medication: excluded within 4 weeks of study entry: * antiretroviral agents other than zidovudine (azt) or didanosine (ddi). * antimycobacterial therapy. * rifampin. * isoniazid. * clofazimine. * ethambutol. * cycloserine. * ethionamide. * amikacin. * ciprofloxacin. required: * zidovudine (azt). * antipneumocystis prophylactic therapy. required for at least 4 weeks prior to study entry: * zidovudine (azt) or didanosine (ddi). * antipneumocystis prophylaxis.

Keywords: rifabutin aids-related opportunistic infections mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection acquired immunodeficiency syndrome antitubercular agents
a 12 months prospective study comparing functional outcome scores in hip arthroscopic labral repair versus debridement

Conditions: Hip Injuries; Acetabular Labral Tear; Femoro Acetabular Impingement

Summary: this study aims to address hip labral tears and compare between arthroscopic labral repair versus debridement.

hip arthroscopy will be performed with the patient under general anesthesia. the patient will be placed in supine position, and traction and joint access will be controlled by fluoroscopy. an anterolateral portal and an inferior mid-anterior portal will be used. any labral, chondral, and/or bony pathology (cam or pincer) will be treated. labral tears may be debrided or repaired. labral repairs will be secured with suture anchors. patient's functions will be evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at 1, 3 and 6 months and 1 year and at the last follow-up using the harris hip score (hhs), visual analog score (vas), hip outcome score activities-daily living subscale (hos-adl), and sport-specific subscale (hos-sss).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * sex: both sexes. * age: 18 years - 60 years. * femoroacetabular impingement (fai) including all types (cam, pincer, and combined). * traumatic labral tears exclusion criteria: * previous hip surgery. * hip joint dysplasia, defined by both center edge (ce) angles \ 10 degrees. * osteoarthritis grade \>2 according to tönnis classification.

Keywords: hip arthroscopy labral repair labral debridement acetabular labral tear
efficacy/safety of amlodipine plus losartan versus amlodipine in patients with essential hypertension

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate of efficacy and safety of amlodipine plus losartan and amlodipine alone in patients with essential hypertension inadequately controlled on amlodipine monotherapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients over 18 years of age * essential hypertensive patients whose blood pressure is not controlled before the study (sit dbp ≥ 90 mmhg for drug-treated patient, sit dbp ≥ 95 mmhg for drug-naïve patient) * non-responder to 4 weeks treatment of amlodipine 5 mg monotherapy (sit dbp ≥ 90mmhg) exclusion criteria: * mean sit sbp ≥ 200 mmhg or mean sit dbp ≥ 120 mmhg at screening * mean sit sbp ≥ 180 mmhg or mean sit dbp ≥ 120 mmhg after 4 weeks of amlodipine 5 mg treatment * has a history of hypersensitivity to dihydropyridines or angiotensin ii receptor blockers * secondary hypertensive patient or suspected to be * uncontrolled diabetes mellitus patients * severe heart disease or severe neurovascular disease * known as severe or malignant retinopathy * patients showed clinically significant hematological finding, patients with renal diseases (serum creatinine), patients with hepatic disease (alt or ast) * history of malignancy tumor * history of autoimmune disease * history of alcohol or drug abuse * positive to pregnancy test, nursing mother, has an intention on pregnancy * considered by investigator as not appropriate to participate in the clinical study with othe reason

Keywords: amlodipine losartan hypertension
animal and plant proteins and glucose metabolism

Conditions: Metabolic Syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome, Protection Against; Glucose Metabolism Disorders

Summary: the goal of this proposal is to determine the effect of a high protein diet in which the increase in protein intake is derived from different sources (animal vs plant and protein-rich whole foods vs protein isolates) on: i) liver and muscle insulin sensitivity; ii) the metabolic response to a meal, and iii) 24-h plasma concentration profiles of glucose, glucoregulatory hormones, and protein-derived metabolites purported to cause metabolic dysfunction.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: ≥21 and ≤70 years; * bmi: \>24.5 and \<32.5 kg/m2; * habitual protein intake \<0.9 g/kg/day (assessed on 2 weekdays and 2 weekend days by using the healthwatch 360 app); and * weight stable (i.e., ≤3% change) and untrained (≤150 min of structured exercise/week) for at least 2 months before entering the study. exclusion criteria: * prediabetes or type 2 diabetes; * evidence of chronic kidney disease by medical history or laboratory tests (glomerular filtration rate \<60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or an albumin to creatinine ratio in urine ≥30 mg/g); * vegetarians or vegans; * intolerance or allergies to ingredients in the metabolic meal or intervention diet; * take dietary supplements (e.g., pre- and probiotics, fiber, fish oil) or medications known to affect our study outcomes; * received antibiotic or antifungal treatment (which affect the microbiome and therefore microbial metabolite production) 2 months before entering the study; * consume tobacco products or excessive alcohol (women: \>14 drinks/week; men: \>21 drinks/week); * evidence of significant organ system dysfunction or diseases (e.g., cirrhosis), and * unwilling or unable to provide informed consent.

Keywords: high protein metabolism diet
degludec insulin use in critically ill patients

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus; Critical Illness; Hyperglycemia

Summary: background: dysglycemia in critically ill patients is common, where 40% to 54% of patients were found to be hyperglycemic on intensive care unit admission. several randomized controlled trials (rct) were conducted to address the importance of glycemic control during critical illness on patient's outcomes. the american association of diabetes recommends initiation of insulin infusion for critically ill patients aiming to target glucose levels 140-180 mg/dl. however, several limitations prevent the use of insulin infusion in critically ill such as the requirements of frequent blood glucose measurement and nursing staff workload, which in turn led to the use of the subcutaneous rapid acting and basal insulin during critical illness. the evidence on the use of subcutaneous insulin therapy compared to insulin infusion is mainly derived from observational studies that showed conflicting results. multiple rcts demonstrated the comparable efficacy of degludec versus glargine in blood glycemic control and better safety profile in terms of nocturnal hypoglycemia and severe hypoglycemia in the outpatient/inpatient diabetic population. studies addressing the role, safety, and efficacy of degludec in critically ill patients are lacking. study aim: to assess the effectiveness of using insulin degludec as basal insulin in conjunction with subcutaneous regular insulin sliding scale (iss) in the glycemic control in critically ill patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 18 years and above * newly admitted critically ill patients with diabetes and expected icu stay ≥ 48 hours * medical or surgical icu patients exclusion criteria: * patients who were already started on insulin infusion based on physician discretion. * postoperative patients with expected icu stay less than 48 hours * diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state. * patients with do-not-attempt-resuscitation (dnar) status or imminent plan to palliation due to terminal disease. * refusal of the treating physician to enroll the patient into the study. * patients with diabetes mellitus type 1. * patients who already eating prior to study enrollment
bioimpedance analysis for hemodialysis

Conditions: Hemodialysis Complication

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to learn if bioimpedance-guided fluid management can help decrease hemodialysis complications. the main questions it aims to answer are: does bioimpedance-guided fluid management decrease major cardiovascular events? does bioimpedance-guided fluid management decrease other hemodialysis complications? participants will: take bioimpedance analysis once per month adjust dry weight according to the analysis as possible in active group blind the analysis results to the doctor and the patient in the control group

the goal of this clinical trial is to learn if bioimpedance-guided fluid management can decrease major adverse cardiovascular events (mace), symptoms during hemodialysis, or other important outcomes such as vascular access patency, fluid overload admissions, etc. in maintenance hemodialysis patients. the main questions it aims to answer are: hypothesis 1: bioimpedance-guided fluid management decreases mace hypothesis 2: bioimpedance-guided fluid management decreases intradialytic hypotension, cramps and fatigue hypothesis 3: bioimpedance-guided fluid management decreases need for urgent revascularization of vascular access for hemodialysis participants in the control group will decide their target weight according to physician's suggestion and the patient's preference, according to symptoms that are thought related to fluid status aberrancy (for example, edema, crackles for fluid overload, and cramps, intradialytic hypotension, fatigue for fluid insufficiency, given no other acute illness accountable for the symptoms and intradialytic weight gain not exceeding 5% of previous weight) participants in the active (bioimpedance) group will adjust their dry weight as those in the control group, if symptoms of fluid status aberrancy present. however, if no symptoms occur, they will receive adjustment according to measurements by bioimpedance analysis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * has received hemodialysis \>= 3 months * has at least 1 pair of intact same-side upper extremity and lower extremity exclusion criteria: * pregnant * with a cardiac pacemaker * with metallic implants that may interfere with measurements (cardiac stents acceptable)
a comparison of collagen, lidocaine and saline, in trigger points in masseter muscle.

Conditions: Temporomandibular Disorder

Summary: an intramusclular injection of three solutions were performed( collagen, lidocaine, saline) in musculoskeletal trigger points, in patients suffering from temporomandibular disorders(tmd). best results were observed in collagen group: reduction of 59,2% semg activity of masseter muscles and 53,75% reduction of pain intensity in vas scale.

collagen is an important component, building myocytes and extracellular matrix of skeletal muscles. the novel treatment option for trigger point therapy and muscle regeneration in tmd patients are intramuscular collagen injections. the aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of intramuscular injections of collagen md muscle(guna) 2 ml, 2 ml of lidocainum 2% without vasoconstrictor and 2 ml of saline (0,9 % nacl). 43 patients were enrolled to the study (17 male and 26 female, 40 +/- 3,8 years old). the masseter muscle activity was measured with semg neurobit optima 4 (neurobit system). visual analogue scale was used to determine pain intensity changes between follow-up visits in each group. trigger points were localized with palpation of masseter muscle. electromyographic activity of masseter muscle was measured before injections on each visit: 0, 7,14 days. in our analysis semg masseter muscle activity was significantly decreased: in collagen group 59,2%, in lidocainum group 39,3% and in saline group14%. pain intensity reduction in vas scale was 53,75% in collagen group, in lidocainum group 25% and in saline group 20,1%.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - sleep bruxism, dc/tmd myofascial pain, myofascial pain with referral exclusion criteria: * younger than 18years old, active orthodonctic treatment,neurological treatment, post radiotherapy, after head trauma within 2 years, patients with unsupported occlusal contacts, addicted to analgesic drugs, with the fear of needle

Keywords: tmd, collagen, intramuscular injection, trigger point
study in patients with dyslipidaemia

Conditions: Metabolic Syndrome X

Summary: study in patients with dyslipidaemia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * waist circumference =102cm (men) or =88cm (women) at visit 1. * fasting plasma hdl c =40mg/dl (1.03mmol/l) (men) or =50mg/dl (1.29mmol/l) (women) at screening visit 1. * fasting tgs =150mg/dl (1.69mmol/l) and =800mg/dl (8.96mmol/l) at screening visit 1. * subjects whose plasma ldl c concentration does not require treatment according to the ncep atp iii guidelines at screening visit 1. exclusion criteria: * history of diabetes * history of cardiovascular disease * diagnosis of genetic lipid disorders * history of muscle pain * history of cancer

Keywords: dyslipidaemia
frequency of methods of local invasion of pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Conditions: Pancreatic Cancer

Summary: pancreatic cancer often spreads through local invasion into local structures, including fat, blood vessels, nerves, and nearby organs (stomach, duodenum, spleen, bile duct). local microscopic invasion is associated with recurrence of pancreatic cancer after pancreatic resection, such that even if the original cancer is surgically removed, microscopic areas of cancer often remain. data on the patterns of local invasion by pancreatic cancer have not been published. in this study, the investigators hope to investigate the frequency of the various methods of local invasion of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. this would help the investigators better understand how pancreatic cancer spreads, and determine what cancers are not resectable.

pancreatic cancer is the eighth most common malignancy, and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death, in the united states. unfortunately, patients often present late in the course of the disease. accordingly, the 1- year survival rate is approximately 20%, and the 5-year survival rate is less than 4%. even in patients with local disease who are surgical candidates, survival at five years remains only 10-25%. staging for pancreatic adenocarcinoma typically utilizes the tnm classification, where "t" represents tumor size, "n" represents regional lymph node metastasis, and "m" represents distant metastasis. this type of staging can usually only be done after operative resection. unfortunately, up to 25% of patients are found to be unresectable at the time of surgical exploration. this is most often due to local invasion or metastatic disease. local microscopic invasion is associated with recurrence of pancreatic cancer after pancreatic resection. comprehensive data on the patterns of local invasion by pancreatic cancer have not been published. the investigators believe that it would be beneficial to investigate the frequency of the various methods of local invasion of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. a clearer understanding of the natural history of local invasion could potentially lead to a better determination of what constitutes unresectability.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * tissue confirmed diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. * underwent surgical resection for adenocarcinoma at the columbia university medical center between 2001-2009. exclusion criteria: * did not undergo surgery.

Keywords: pancreatic adenocarcinoma local invasion by pancreatic adenocarcinoma recurrence of pancreatic cancer surgical resection of pancreatic cancer
a comparison of atazanavir and nelfinavir, each in combination with 2 nrtis, in patients who have failed treatments without a protease inhibitor

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the atazanavir and nelfinavir (nfv) treatments in their ability to reduce viral load.

in this double-blind, double-placebo, randomized, 2-arm study, atazanavir and nfv each are given in combination with 2 open-label nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nrtis) over 48 weeks. patients assigned to atazanavir will receive placebo capsules which are identical in size and appearance to nfv. patients assigned to nfv will receive placebo capsules which are identical in size and appearance to atazanavir. hiv levels are monitored.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria patients may be eligible for this study if they: * have a viral load of 1000 or more copies/ml within 3 weeks before randomization. have a cd4 cell count of 50 or more cells/mm3 within 3 weeks prior to randomization. * are at least 16 years old (or the minimum age by local requirements). * have had more than 16 weeks of therapy with a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (nnrti) and/or nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (nrti). * use effective barrier method of contraception. * give written informed consent. * are available for follow-up for at least 52 weeks. exclusion criteria patients may not be eligible for this study if they: * have used a protease inhibitor (pi) treatment for more than 7 days or within 30 days prior to screening. * have a newly-diagnosed hiv-related infection or any medical condition requiring relatively short but intense therapy at the time of enrollment. * have hepatitis in the 30 days before the study. patients with long-term hepatitis are eligible if their liver function meets certain requirements. * are unable to demonstrate responsiveness to a provided nrti. * have had previous or expect a need for therapy with agents that may cause damage to nerve tissue, the pancreas, the liver, bone marrow, or cells within 3 months of study start. * use too much alcohol or drugs to be able to follow the study therapy; or if they use enough to increase the risk of developing pancreatitis or chemical hepatitis. * have severe diarrhea within 30 days prior to study entry. * are pregnant or breast-feeding. * have a history of hemophilia. * have history or signs of bilateral peripheral neuropathy. * have cardiomyopathy. * have certain heart problems. * cannot tolerate oral medication. * have any other problems that would interfere with the study.

Keywords: drug therapy, combination hiv protease inhibitors rna, viral reverse transcriptase inhibitors viral load bms 232632
study of stroke volume variation and pleth variability index as predictors of fluid responsiveness

Conditions: Thyroidectomy; Fluid Responsiveness

Summary: appropriate indices to guide fluid therapy are essential for effective hemodynamic management during the perioperative period. values derived from respiratory changes in arterial pressure waveform or plethysmographic waveform such as stroke volume variation and pleth variability index have been demonstrated to be able to predict fluid responsiveness in surgical or critically ill patients. their ability to predict fluid responsiveness can be affected by factors that influence the arterial tone or the compliance of the respiratory system by position change. the aim of this prospective trial is to investigate the ability of stroke volume variation and pleth variability index to predict fluid responsiveness in the reverse trendelenberg position.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥ 20 2. elective robot assisted thyroidectomy exclusion criteria: 1. arrhythmia 2. bmi\>30 3. valvular heart disease 4. pul hypertension 5. peripheral artery occlusive disease 6. lung disease 7. right heart failure