Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
clinical efficacy of the pinhole soft contact lenses for correcting presbyopia

Conditions: Presbyopia

Summary: for correct of presbyopia, in this study, the investigators have recruited subjects who aged 45\~65 years with presbyopia and do not have any other ocular disease(ex, ocular surface disease, corneal dystrophy, retinal disorders, etc.). all participants will underwent ophthalmic examination including manifest refraction, uncorrected distance visual acuity (udva), uncorrected near visual acuity (unva), corrected distance visual acuity (cdva), corrected near visual acuity(cnva), goldmann visual field test, depth of focus contrast sensitivity test, slit-lamp examination, topography with scheimp flug device(oculus pentacam ®) osdi(ocular surface disease index) and questionnaire about visual function and ocular symptoms. apply pinhole soft contact lens (eyelike noanpinhole ® , seoul, south korea, koryo eyetech) on non-dominant eye of participants and/or soft contact lens for distance vision on dominant eye of participants. the investigators recommend use of pinhole contact lens at least 3 hours in a day for 1 week. and, participant will underwent the all ophthalmic examination same above 2 weeks after first apply of pinhole contact lens. the investigators will compare ophthalmic parameters mentioned above before and after wearing pinhole contact lens and evaluate the efficacy and safety of pinhole soft contact lens for correcting presbyopia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age, 45\~65 years with presbyopia exclusion criteria: * patients with anterior segment pathology, * patients with previous intraocular or corneal surgery, * patients with severe cataracts, * patients with corneal abnormalities( including endothelial dystrophy, recurrent corneal erosion, etc.), * patients with history of chronic dry eye, macular degeneration, * patients with retinal detachment, or any other fundus pathology
real-time monitoring of cortisol - comparison of cortisol levels in four biological fluids

Conditions: Adrenal Insufficiency; Cushing Syndrome; Hyperaldosteronism

Summary: cortisol is an essential for life hormone secreted in a pulsatile pattern on a diurnal rhythm. given the complexity of cortisol secretion on a circadian rhythm with pulsations, current methods of cortisol measurement have limitations. therefore, a non-invasive and ambulatory method would be useful to measure cortisol levels in real-time. the main aim of the study is to compare cortisol levels across biological fluids (sweat, saliva, interstitial fluid, and blood) in order to validate in the long term a continuous and non-invasive cortisol measurement device (currently under development).


Eligibility criteria:
healthy controls: inclusion criteria: * age between 18 and 30 years old * normal bmi 18 to 25 kg/m2 * weight stability exclusion criteria: * pregnancy, breastfeeding, irregular menses * any medical treatment * any medical issues * pilocarpine allergy, or latex allergy * glaucoma or acute irritis
varenicline in drug treatment

Conditions: Smoking Cessation; Alcohol Abuse

Summary: the aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of varenicline compared to placebo in tobacco dependent individuals who are undergoing concurrent treatment for alcohol dependence. as they will be inpatients and under 24 hour medical care for the first 21 days of treatment, or receiving outpatient treatment through the alcohol research and treatment clinic, this will allow for a comprehensive assessment of the safety of varenicline in this population with minimal risk of adverse consequences. the patients will continue their cessation treatment for an additional 10 weeks as outpatients through the nicotine dependence clinic at camh. they will also be contacted at 6 months for follow-up.

drinking alcohol and cigarette smoking are closely associated and use of one often leads to the use of the other. also, since tobacco-related illness is the number one cause of death among recovered alcoholics it is imperative that we provide strong evidence-based treatment options for this population. since smoking can be a strong trigger to drink in those who are dependent on both alcohol and tobacco, treating both at the same time may result in better treatment outcomes. this study will examine the efficacy of starting smoking cessation treatment while patients are in residential treatment for alcohol dependence, or outpatient in the alcohol research and treatment clinic. it will compare the effectiveness of varenicline, the most effective medication for smoking cessation with placebo. both groups will receive weekly cessation counselling and support by a trained research analyst. we will measure abstinence from smoking at the end of the 12-week treatment period and again after 6-months to determine longer-term smoking cessation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * current daily smokers enrolled in residential treatment or outpatient in alcohol treatment and research clinic for alcohol use disorder at camh * smoke minimum of 10 cigarettes per day * fagerstrom test of nicotine dependence score \> 3 * able to provide written informed consent * able and willing to attend weekly appointments at the ndc following discharge exclusion criteria: * any serious medical condition requiring immediate investigation or treatment * pregnancy or lactation * current dsm-iv axis i psychiatric disorder * any know contraindication to using varenicline

Keywords: varenicline alcohol placebo smoking cessation
n-acetyl cysteine and patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Conditions: Simple Steatosis Non Fatty Liver

Summary: effect of n-acetyl cysteine on markers of oxidative stress and insulin resistance in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males or females aged 18-60 years diagnosed with nafld exclusion criteria: * history of alcohol consumption, drug addiction or the use of medications known to precipitate steatohepatitis. * patients with schistosomiasis, active hepatitis b or c, autoimmune and diabetes mellitus. * current consumption of any antioxidant supplements and hepatotoxic drug. * pregnancy or lactation or expecting to get pregnant during the study. * medical, psychological, or pharmacological factors interfering with the collection or interpretation of study data. * active cancer patients. * anyone having hypersensitivity to n-acetylcysteine. * anyone already taking n-acetylcysteine.
memantine for enhanced stroke recovery

Conditions: Ischemic Stroke; Upper Extremity Weakness

Summary: this will be a randomized double blind placebo-controlled pilot study using a repeated measures design in which participants with acute ischemic stroke and upper extremity weakness are randomized to either drug or placebo

this will be a randomized double blind placebo-controlled pilot study using a repeated measures design in which participants with acute ischemic stroke and upper extremity weakness are randomized to either drug or placebo, complete therapy, and complete outcomes assessments at baseline, 4, and 12 weeks post-stroke. target enrollment will be 10 patients per group and adaptive randomization will be used to assist with equal representation of pre-stroke selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (ssri) use and motor severity (fugl-meyer score) in each arm. the primary purpose of this pilot study is to measure adverse events, drop-out rates, feasibility of trial conductance, and establishment of effect sizes in each group in order to power a larger efficacy trial at the university of utah. an intention to treat model will be used during the study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age \>18 years old 2. randomization between 3 days-8 weeks days of stroke symptom onset 3. arm weakness severe enough to warrant inpatient or outpatient occupational therapies 4. able to voluntarily move affected ue 5. living independently prior to their stroke 6. image-confirmed ischemic stroke (mri or ct) 7. supratentorial location of stroke 8. fugl-meyer upper extremity score of 50 or less and/or fugl meyer lower extremity score of 28 or less 9. ability to swallow pills exclusion criteria: 1. subarachnoid hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage or other cause of symptoms other than ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke 2. infratentorial location of stroke (brainstem or cerebellum) 3. nih stroke scale \>20 at the time of randomization 4. history of dementia that will interfere with rehabilitation 5. pre or post-stroke use of memantine or amantadine 6. contraindications to taking memantine xr in pill form 7. history of prior clinical stroke with residual symptoms on the same side as the current symptoms that would interfere with outcomes of this study 8. documented severe renal impairment (crcl \< 30 ml/min) blood tests will be performed prior to study procedures that will ensure patients do not have renal impairment if not done as part of clinical care. 9. moribund or not expected to live 6 months 10. severe cognitive deficits or pre-morbid function causing inaccurate neurologic assessment or inability to complete the initial assessment 11. comorbid neurologic disease that would interfere with the results including but not limited to multiple sclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, spinal cord disease, and central nervous system cancer. 12. documented severe hepatic impairment (child-pugh score \> 6) or severe hepatic disease (hepatitis) 13. patients who are pregnant or breast feeding

Keywords: ischemic stroke memantine upper extremity weakness motor recovery
comparison between mini-midline and the peripheral intravenous catheter

Conditions: Vascular Access Devices; Venous Puncture

Summary: the goal of this randomized controlled trial is to investigate the difference between lpc (mini-midline) and pivc (peripheral venous catheter) on the need of further venipuncture for blood withdrawal or placement of a new vascular access. the main questions it aims to answer are: * whether the number of patients with lpc and pivc differ in terms of repeated venipunctures; * whether the number of patients with lpc and pivc differ in terms of adverse events associated with the use of such vascular catheters. researchers will compare the proportion of patients with repeated venipunctures between lpc and pivc arms.

a standard peripheral intravenous catheter (pivc) or a mini-midline (lpc) will be placed according to routine clinical indications (i.e., for blood withdrawal and iv drug therapy) in patients seeking care at the emergency department. on admission at the emergency department triage desk, patients will be assigned a triage code according to clinical assessment by the triage nurse and will be evaluated as to the probability of being eventually admitted to hospital. following enrollment, patients will be randomly assigned to receive lpc or pivc. the follow-up period begins after catheter placement and continues through transfer to a hospital ward. during this period of catheter management, the insertion site and dressing will be monitored.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 years * high probability of hospital admission * sufficient venous patrimony according to ea-diva scale score exclusion criteria: * patients already having a venous access in place * patients requiring life-saving treatments * patients seeking ambulatory care * patients unable to express informed consent

Keywords: vascular access emergency department long peripheral catheter peripheral intra-venous catheter
the effects of yoga on patients with rotator cuff injuries

Conditions: Rotator Cuff Injuries

Summary: to determine if patients who undergo a 6-week online yoga exercise treatment differ from those who undergo a 6-week online standard exercise intervention and patients who do not undergo any treatment (the control).

patients awaiting rotator cuff surgery spend months waiting for a doctor's consultation and even longer for surgery. the proposed study is to see if there is a difference between three groups: patients who follow an online yoga video, patients who follow an online standard exercises video and patients who do not undergo either treatment (control).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * minimum 18 years old * rotator cuff injury * access to youtube exclusion criteria: * under 18 years of age * patient has past yoga experience * patient will/has undergone any surgery other than rotator cuff

Keywords: rotator cuff, shoulder, rehabilitation, yoga
remote bimanual virtual rehabilitation post cvd

Conditions: Stroke Sequelae; Cognitive Impairment; Depression

Summary: the aim of the study is to develop the brightbrainer g (grasp), a game-based upper-extremity motor and cognitive rehabilitation system using custom virtual reality simulations. the g model is a version of the brightbrainer rehabilitation system, a class 1 exempt medical device produced by bright cloud international corp (fda owner/operator 10050478), and listed with the fda (registration number 3012187972);

8 elderly subjects (50 to 80 years old) who live at home and had a stroke more than 9 months prior to participation, who may also suffer from mild cognitive impairments and may be depressed, will be recruited. their 8 caregivers will also be recruited at kessler foundation. participants will train on the brightbrainer system for 4 weeks in their home, doing a total of 20 rehabilitation sessions. sessions will consist of playing therapeutic games using both the impaired and unimpaired arms. sessions will progress in duration from 20 minutes to 40 minutes of actual play. before and after the 4 weeks home therapy, participants will travel to the kessler foundation (west orange, nj) and undergo standardized motor, cognitive, and emotive clinical evaluations.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 48 to 80; * diagnosis of stroke which occurred more than 9 months prior (i.e. in the chronic phase); * english speakers; * ue unilateral motor involvement (fma score 10 to 45); * be able to actively move ue more than 15 degrees for shoulder and for elbow flexion/extension; * be more than 4 months post casting procedures or botulinum toxin injections; * have cognitive skills to participate (montreal cognitive assessment score 18-30). * potential participants will not be excluded due to co-morbidities such as parkinson, frozen shoulder, or arthritis; * have normal cognition or mci. exclusion criteria: * be younger than 48 or older than 80; * present with severe visual neglect or legally blind; * have severe hearing loss or deafness; * present with receptive aphasia or severe expressive aphasia; * have uncontrolled hypertension (\>190/100 mmhg); * have severe cognitive delay; * cannot speak english; * have history of violence or drug abuse; * participants who cannot produce reliable scores on the neuropsychological pre-study assessment because they do not comprehend the test, or have severe speech impairment will be excluded; * have severe hand spasticity and/or complete lack of arm movement; * moca scores of 17 and below.

Keywords: virtual reality stroke upper extremity brightbrainer rehabilitation home gamification
optimized glycemic control in heart failure patients with dm2:"effect on left ventricular function and skeletal muscle"

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes; Heart Failure

Summary: the investigators wish to investigate wether a more strict diabetic control improves cardiac function, muscle strength, exercise capacity and decreases symptoms. the investigators hypothesis is that improving the glycemic control in suboptimized diabetics with heart failure will improve cardiac performance, muscle strength, exercise capacity and decrease symptoms.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ejection fraction =\<45% * diabetes * hba1c =\>7,5% * in anticongestive treatment * nyha class 2-4 exclusion criteria: * severe angina (ccs 3-4) * hemodynamic significant heart valve disease * congenital heart disease * pregnancy
cardiac resynchronization therapy in congenital heart defects

Conditions: Congenital Heart Defects

Summary: the objective of this multicentre prospective therapeutic study is to evaluate the effects of crt on the right and left ventricular function of patients with chd in the medium and long term. patients who reject the randomization or cannot be paced with right ventricular pacing alone will be enrolled in group c with continuous biventricular pacing, which is the main group in this study. optional: immediately after implantation the patients are divided into group a and b (randomized, single blind (for the patient), cross-over design). the treatment and the completing follow-up examination will take approximately 18 months and includes seven visits - one previous to the crt and six at certain times afterward. at selected time intervals echocardiographic 3d and tissue doppler imaging to evaluate the global and regional ventricular function are performed. subjective quality of life assessment (questionnaire) will also be performed at the defined follow-up intervals, and if applicable (optional) also objective assessment of the physical performance (vo2 max). 55 patients also including children and adults with chd are planned to be included in the study. the main target is to provide evidence of the effectiveness of crt with biventricular stimulation in terms of improved ventricular function (ejection fraction and qrs interval).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with congenital heart defects * heart failure of the morphologically right or left system ventricle with an absolute ejection fraction of \< 40% in the failed ventricle * nyha classes ii-iv * optimal drug therapy for heart failure according to the esc guidelines * qrs interval ≥ 120 ms (demonstrated in at least two relevant ecg derivations, depending on existing bundle branch block symptoms) * patients with chronic stimulation of the subpulmonary ventricle by a 1- or 2-ventricle pacemaker, which also meets the above-mentioned criteria * patients with morphologically right ventricle in system position and significant insufficiency of the systemic atrioventricular valve, if they also meet the criteria listed above exclusion criteria: * ptca, cardiomyoplasty or myocardial infarction / unstable angina pectoris or cerebral insult within the 6 weeks preceding the planned cardiac resynchronisation therapy * patients with pulmonary hypertension / eisenmenger's syndrome * life expectancy \< 1 year due to a non-cardiac disease * anticipated poor compliance by the patient * pregnancy and breastfeeding * known or persistent abuse of prescription medicines, recreational drugs or alcohol
the effect of potatoes on markers of cardiometabolic health

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Cardiovascular Diseases

Summary: a 2-period randomized cross-over trial will be conducted to determine the effect of incorporating 1 medium size potato, compared to an isocaloric portion of refined grains, on fasting glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, lipids and lipoproteins, arterial stiffness, body weight, gut microbiome, and dietary intake.

a 2-period randomized cross-over study will be conducted. free-living subjects will be provided with a potato based side dish (equivalent to one medium sized potato) or an isocaloric refined grain based side dish every day for 4 weeks, in random order. the treatment periods will be separated by a minimum two-week break. endpoint testing will be conducted over two days at baseline and the end of each diet period.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * non-smoking * bmi \> 20 and \<40 kg/m2 * male or female exclusion criteria: * diagnosed diabetes or fasting glucose \>126 mg/dl * hypertension (systolic blood pressure \>160mmhg or diastolic blood pressure \>100mmhg) * prescribed anti-hypertensive, lipid lowering or glucose lowering drugs * established cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, liver, kidney or autoimmune disease or inflammatory conditions * use of supplements (psyllium, fish oil, soy lecithin, phytoestrogens) and botanicals and not willing to cease for the duration of the study * pregnancy or lactation * weight loss of \>=10% of body weight within the 6 months prior to enrolling in the study * smoking or use of any tobacco products
type 1 diabetes mellitus effect on bone mineral density

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus; Osteoporosis

Summary: because the diabetics are fracturing at a younger age than the general population (12), this leads us to believe there are significant factors that lead to fracture in type 1 diabetes mellitus (dm) other than bone mineral density (bmd). very little longitudinal data exists on bmd in adults with type 1 dm and the effects of glucose control on bmd. no longitudinal data exists on pqct in adults with type 1 dm. hypothesis: adult subjects with diabetes and poor glucose control will lose bone mineral density (bmd) as measured by dxa compared to age and sex matched healthy controls.

because the diabetics are fracturing at a younger age than the general population(12), this leads us to believe there are significant factors that lead to fracture in type 1 dm other than bmd. very little longitudinal data exists on bmd in adults with type 1 dm and the effects of glucose control on bmd. no longitudinal data exists on pqct in adults with type 1 dm. hypothesis: adult subjects with diabetes and poor glucose control will lose bone mineral density (bmd) as measured by dxa compared to age and sex matched healthy controls.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diabetic patients must have completed visit 1 of the previous study.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus bone