Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
fap-targeting pet/ct for noninvasive monitoring of renal fibrosis

Conditions: CKD; Renal Fibrosis

Summary: chronic kidney disease (ckd) is an irreversible change of kidney function and structure caused by many reasons. the main threat of ckd to human health is progressive renal function decline. delaying the progression of chronic kidney disease to end-stage renal failure is an important clinical need, and renal fibrosis is a common pathway for the progression of chronic kidney disease to end-stage renal failure. the evaluation of renal fibrosis is of great value for the course and prognosis of patients with chronic kidney disease. however, pathological detection has the disadvantages of trauma, false negative, and cannot be implemented repeatedly. at present, there is a lack of effective non-invasive, dynamic, real-time monitoring and evaluation means. a commercially available fap-targeted imaging agent, fapi-04, has been used for pet/ct imaging of systemic fibrosis lesions with high uptake background in normal kidneys. although it can show severe renal fibrosis, it is not conducive to the detection rate of patients with mild-moderate fibrosis who need more accurate evaluation. the new targeted fap imaging agent successfully constructed by our research group has proved that it can show the degree of renal fibrosis at the living level and has correlation. therefore, this study intends to carry out a series of clinical studies on the imaging of renal fibrosis with new targeted fap probes, evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of the new targeted fap probes in the diagnosis of renal fibrosis, and ultimately provide a new method for clinical dynamic, non-invasive assessment and monitoring of the degree and progression of renal fibrosis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with chronic kidney disease * renal pathology was performed within 2 weeks exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating patients

Keywords: ckd renal fibrosis fap
study of genes and the environment in patients with colorectal cancer in the east anglia region of the united kingdom

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer

Summary: rationale: studying samples of blood from patients with cancer in the laboratory may help doctors learn more about changes that occur in dna and identify biomarkers related to cancer. purpose: this study is looking at genetic susceptibility for cancer and interactions between genes and the environment in patients with colorectal cancer.

objectives: * to obtain epidemiological information and biological material on a population based series of colorectal cancer cases. * to define the proportion of colorectal cancer incidence attributable to mutations in known predisposing genes such as mlh1 and msh2. * to establish whether mutations at other loci may predispose to colorectal cancer, by comparing the frequency of alteration candidate genes in colorectal cancer patients with the corresponding frequency in cancer-free controls identified through the european prospective investigation of cancer (epic) study. outline: this is a multicenter study. patients complete an epidemiological questionnaire. the questionnaire also requests identifying information about the patient's first-degree relatives. blood samples are collected from patients. dna is extracted from these blood samples, from samples collected from cancer-free control participants in mrec-search-control, and from additional controls through the european prospective investigation of cancer (epic) study (a population-based study of diet and health based in norfolk, east anglia). dna samples are analyzed for polymorphisms of low penetrance cancer susceptibility genes. in addition to the colorectal cancer patients recruited for this study, patients with breast, ovarian, prostate, colorectal, bladder, kidney, pancreatic, brain, and esophageal cancer, malignant melanoma, and lymphoma cancer are recruited for the following related clinical trials: mrec-search-breast, mrec-search-ovarian, mrec-search-prostate, mrec-search-endometrial, and mrec-search-cancer.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: * diagnosis of colorectal cancer within the past 5 years * identified in the east anglia region of the united kingdom patient characteristics: * identified by the patient's general practitioner as fit to contact for this study * no serious mental illness or retardation prior concurrent therapy: * not specified

Keywords: colon cancer rectal cancer
responses to information on treatments for depression

Conditions: Depressive Symptoms

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine the impact of different messages about depression treatments.

participants recruited through amazon mechanical turk (mturk) will complete a screening questionnaire and provided the opportunity to consent to participate. upon entry to the study, eligible participants will complete several questionnaires pre- and post-randomization. randomization will be to view either a video detailing a type of depression treatment (cognitive behavioral therapy, antidepressant medication, or the combination of both treatments) with and without an emphasis on personalization. a no video condition is also included.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * phq-9 score indicating a history of elevated depression symptoms * a high mturk completion rate * must pass all attention checks inserted into the questionnaires * no history of treatment for depression exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: depression treatment preference treatment information
user-friendly hiv testing and counseling services

Conditions: HIV Infections; Sexually Transmitted Infection; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Hepatitis C

Summary: multicenter cohort study of individuals reporting behavioral risks of hiv acquisition, recruited among those presenting for testing for hiv and other sexually transmitted infections. overarching goal: to study factors associated with uptake of hiv prevention and (re)testing services in medium-sized cities in thailand. primary objective: to estimate the incidence of hiv and other sexually transmitted infections (syphilis, chronic hepatitis b and c) among individuals presenting for retesting. secondary objectives: * to evaluate the uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis * to assess retention in the study * to evaluate client hiv knowledge * to describe hiv prevalence and characteristics of individuals newly diagnosed with hiv * to describe characteristics of individuals at risk of hiv infection * to assess the quality of the testing and referral services.

testing and counseling for hiv, syphilis and other sexually transmitted infections is provided to consenting individuals. components: interactive counseling program, self sampling (finger prick) under supervision, questionnaire (on a tablet computer) to assess risks of hiv acquisition, understanding of hiv transmission routes and pre-exposure prophylaxis, willingness to take pre-exposure prophylaxis if at risk of hiv, and satisfaction with regard to services provided. referral to appropriate care facility of participants diagnosed with infection. hiv negative participants with significant risk of hiv are advised to come back for hiv retesting within 3 to 6 months and informed about pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 15 years or more * willing to be tested for hiv and other sexually transmitted infections * able to understand the study and its procedures exclusion criteria: none

Keywords: hiv testing self-testing retesting early diagnosis counseling computer reminder short message service pre-exposure prophylaxis
solar powered oxygen delivery

Conditions: Pneumonia; Hypoxemia

Summary: globally, approximately 2.1 million children die of pneumonia each year. most deaths occur in resource-poor settings in africa and asia. oxygen (o2) therapy is essential to support life in these patients. large gaps remain in the case management of children presenting to african hospitals with respiratory distress, including essential supportive therapies such as supplemental oxygen. we hypothesize that a novel strategy for oxygen delivery, solar-powered oxygen, can be implemented in remote locations and will be non-inferior to standard oxygen delivery by compressed gas cylinders.

arterial hypoxemia in pneumonia results from several mechanisms: pulmonary arterial blood flow to consolidated lung resulting in an intrapulmonary shunt, intrapulmonary oxygen consumption, and ventilation-perfusion mismatch. hypoxemia is a risk factor for mortality in pediatric pneumonia, and was associated with a 5-fold increased risk of death in studies from kenya and gambia. in one report from nepal, the prevalence of hypoxemia (spo2 \< 90%) in 150 children with pneumonia was 39% overall, with increasing rates of hypoxemia across strata of pneumonia severity (100% of very severe, 80% of severe and 17% of pneumonia patients). general features of respiratory distress were associated with hypoxemia in this study, including chest indrawing, lethargy, grunting, nasal flaring, cyanosis, inability to breastfeed or drink. few studies have reported on the use of solar powered oxygen (spo2) delivery. one online report describes the use of a battery-powered oxygenator in the gambia that could be adapted to use solar power (http://www.dulas.org.uk). otherwise, our intervention is to our knowledge the first example of spo2 delivery. new ways to deliver oxygen for children with pneumonia in africa could improve outcomes and save numerous lives. if this study documents the non-inferiority of spo2 relative to standard oxygen delivery, this novel method of providing life-saving oxygen could be rolled out across centres in sub-saharan africa where oxygen cylinders are not widely available and electrical power is not reliable. the potential energy efficiency, low cost and ease of use make solar power an attractive avenue of investigation for use in resource-constrained settings. proof-of-concept that the sun can be used to drive oxygen delivery could stimulate commercial interest in this technology. the spo2 system could thus achieve rapid penetration into the most remote or rural settings in sub-saharan africa.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \<13 years * imci defined pneumonia, severe pneumonia or very severe disease * hypoxemia (spo2\<90%) based on non-invasive pulse oximetry * hospital admission warranted based on clinician judgment * consent to blood sampling and data collection exclusion criteria: * spo2 ≥90% * suspected pulmonary tuberculosis * outpatient management * denial of consent to participate in study
iron deficiency anemia and non-iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy in india

Conditions: Anemia; Anemia, Iron Deficiency; Anemia of Pregnancy

Summary: this is a sub-study nested into the existing nichd global network for women's \& children's health research maternal newborn health (mnh) registry that is a prospective, observational population-based registry in eastern maharashtra, india. this study will assess the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (ida) and non-iron deficiency anemia (nida) in eastern maharashtra and will assess the association between both conditions and neo-natal and infant health outcomes (birth weight, gestational age at birth, weight-for-gestational-age z-score and infant hemoglobin concentration at 6 weeks). the investigators will also assess the relative strength of the association between anemia in the 1st trimester and 3rd trimester (after iron needs have increased but mothers may have been taking iron folic acid (ifa) supplements for several months) and infant health outcomes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy * enrolled in the maternal \& newborn health registry * at least 18 years of age * residing in the area of a selected primary health center with the intention to remain in the area through child birth and 6-weeks post-partum exclusion criteria: * having multiple fetuses

Keywords: anemia of pregnancy
correlation of insulin resistance with hormonal and ovarian morphological characteristics in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome

Conditions: Study the Relationship Between Insulin Resistance With Hormonal and Ovarian Morphological Characteristics in Patients With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Summary: we designed a study to determine if ovarian volume (ov) and/or follicle number (fn) are independently associated with abnormal metabolic findings in women diagnosed with pcos. we hypothesized that ovarian morphology but not follicle number would be associated with a significantly higher odds of hyperinsulinemia among women with pcos.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: a-patients met the rotterdam criteria of pco with two out of three of the following: 1. oligo-or-anovulation 2. clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism 3. the presence of 10 or more antral follicles in one ovary and/or a maximum ovarian volume \> 10cc b-reproductive age group (16:45 years) c-bmi \<40 exclusion criteria: a-age \>40 years b-bmi\>40 c-previous ovarian surgery d-chronic medical disorders \[dm , htn , ...\]
vitamin d, epigallocatechin gallate, d-chiro-inositol and vitamin b6 in uterine fibroid

Conditions: Uterine Fibroids; D-chiro-inositol; Inositol; Epigallocatechin Gallate; Vitamin D; Vitamin B6

Summary: the study will evaluate the impact on uterine fibroids' volume of a combination of natural molecules including epigallocatechin gallate, vitamin d, d-chiro-inositol and vitamin b6. the patients will be evaluated at baseline and after three months of treatment with placebo or product.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. uterine fibroid with diameter greater than or equal to 4cm or multiple fibroids 2. eligible for surgery 3. symptoms like menometrorrhagia or pelvic pain exclusion criteria: 1. bmi\>30 2. currently pregnant or breastfeeding 3. diabetic 4. suspect of malignancy 5. diagnosis of cancer
improving family's adherence to dental care after dga (hecc-can-study)

Conditions: Dental Caries; Child Neglect

Summary: early childhood caries (ecc) is a common disease. its prevalence is highest in poor, socially disadvantaged, and minority groups. dental treatment under general anaesthesia (dga) is common, especially among the youngest patients. parental adherence to child's post-dga dental treatment is varying. non-attendance to preventive care appointments and dental check-ups after the dga is also common. the primary aim of this study is to explore if a multi-professional (paediatrician and social worker) intervention after the child's dga can increase the adherence to post-dga dental care. the secondary aim is to compare its possible influence on children's oral health 18 months after the dga. our hypothesis is that multi-professional counselling and support after the dga will lead to better adherence to the scheduled preventive dental programme and better oral health for these children in the long run.

in an earlier finnish study 26% of the children did not attend to their first scheduled appointment after the dga and during a four years follow-up period 63% of the patients had one or more no-shows. based on the assumption that reducing the amount of no-shows to half of the reported earlier (60% vs. 30%) is a clinically relevant result, we need 42 patients for both groups (alpha 0.05, beta 0.2, power 0.8).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * reason for dga is dental caries * place of birth is finland * primary dentition exclusion criteria: * chronic disease which needs treatment in tertiary hospital
characterizing sleep disorders in children and adults with tuberous sclerosis complex (tsc)

Conditions: Sleep Disorder

Summary: the proposed research project is aimed at further characterization of sleep problems and evaluation of their impact in children and adults with tsc, excluding epilepsy as contributing factor. questionnaire-based studies have shown that sleep problems occur in up to half of the children and a third of adults with tuberous sclerosis complex (tsc). however, there is only limited information on the nature of sleep problems and their impact on patients with tsc and their families.

questionnaire-based studies have shown that sleep problems occur in up to half of the children and a third of adults with tuberous sclerosis complex (tsc). however, there is only limited information on the nature of sleep problems and their impact on patients with tsc and their families. it is known from a questionnaire-based study in children with tsc that they often wake early or wake frequently during the night, and that they can be more tired during the day. in some children, sleep-problems seem to be related to the presence of seizures during the night. this has been confirmed in a study on 10 children with tsc and epilepsy by a combination of polysomnography (sleep study) and electroencephalography (eeg). a questionnaire-based study in adults also revealed the association with epilepsy features, and showed influence of mental health complaints on sleep. sleep structure and quality will be assessed through formal sleep studies (polysomnography and actigraphy). the influence of abnormal brain activity on sleep will be mapped by simultaneous recording of brain activity by means of eeg. the impact of sleep disorders will be determined through interviews with individuals with tsc and their relatives. the investigators will also use questionnaires and diaries to supplement their findings. importance: it is expected that the results of this study will 1) improve our understanding of sleep problems in tsc, 2) provide additional information on the influence of tsc on sleep, 3) give a more in-depth view on the impact of sleep problems on the lives of individuals with tsc and their families, 4) increase awareness about sleep problems in tsc, and 5) contribute to a better management of sleep problems by patients and families.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: children and adults with definite tsc based on the 2012 consensus conference diagnostic exclusion criteria: * daily alcohol intake * pregnancy * caffeine abuse (\>4 cups/day) * shift work * drug abuse * anti-depressive therapy * medications as benzodiazepine, melatonin, phenobarbital and antihistamines * the presence of clinical or electrographic seizures.

Keywords: tuberous sclerosis complex (tsc) children adults
increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in low birth weight individuals

Conditions: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Low Birth Weight

Summary: the investigators recently demonstrated a increase in liver fat in early middle-aged lbw compared to normal birth weight (nbw) men, and 20% of the lbw - but none of the normal birth weight (nbw) - men had previously unknown non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld). here the investigators will further examine the increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in low birth weight individuals by performing a validation study.

an adverse fetal environment characterized by low birth weight (lbw) plays a key role in the development of type 2 diabetes (t2d). the investigators recently demonstrated a 3-fold increase in liver fat in 26 early middle-aged lbw compared to 22 normal birth weight (nbw) men, and 20% of the lbw - but none of the normal birth weight (nbw) - men had previously unknown non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld). the investigators hypothesize that ectopic fat deposition and nafld is among the earliest disease manifestations and on the critical path to the development of more severe cardiometabolic disease in lbw. here we aim to perform an extended nested case-control screening study to evaluate hepatic steatosis (nafld) and fibrosis in early middle-aged, non-obese lbw men and women and nbw controls. in total, 250 lbw men and women (birth weight (bw) \<10% of the population) and 50 nbw controls (bw between 50-90% of the population) born at term (weeks 39-41), 35-40 years-of-age will be recruited from the national danish birth registry for the nested case-control nafld screening study. the nested case-control nafld screening study will serve as a recruitment platform for a subsequent intervention study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 250 healthy, men and women born with a low birth weight (birth weight (bw) \<10% of the population) and 50 born with a normal birth weight controls (bw between 50-90% of the population) * born at term (weeks 39-41) exclusion criteria: * bmi\>35 kg/m2 * disease/medication known to affect primary outcome * self-reported high physical activity level * alcohol intake above general recommendations. * metabolic/liver disease * weight gain/loss of \>3 kg within the past 6 months

Keywords: metabolic disease adipose tissue biology liver fat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
effect of sling suspension exercises in proprioception of patients with knee osteoarthritis

Conditions: Osteoarthritis

Summary: therapeutic exercise is important to patients with knee osteoarthritis. few studies reported the effect of therapeutic exercise in proprioception for these patients. the purposes of this study were to investigate the training effect of sling suspension exercises, as a proprioception-training tool, for patients with knee osteoarthritis and further, to build up an model of proprioception training.

therapeutic exercise is important to patients with knee osteoarthritis. few studies reported the effect of therapeutic exercise in proprioception for these patients. the purposes of this study were to investigate the train-ing effect of sling suspension exercises, as a proprioception-training tool, for patients with knee osteoarthritis and further, to build up an model of proprioception training. twelve subjects were recruited in this study. the inclusion criteria were aged 50 to 70, both genders, diagnosed as knee osteoarthritis, grading 2 or 3 in kellgren's scale. after having their consents all subjects received baseline measurements including active joint reposition test, functional ambulating test and self-evaluating with western ontario \& mcmaster universities arthritis index (womac). then they were randomly assigned to training group and reference group. seven subjects in the training group received the treatment of heat, interferential current (ifc), and sling suspension exercises or just only sling suspension exercises. five subjects in the reference group received the treatment of heat and ifc or no intervention. the training sessions of sling suspension exercises were 3 times per week, lasting for8 weeks. after 8-week training, both groups were given post-test which is completely the same as pre-test. mann-whitney u test was used to test the difference between groups, and wilcoxon signed ranks test was used to test pre-post difference in both groups. the results showed it was no difference between both groups in all the measurements of pre-test. after 8 weeks, it showed significant difference on joint reposi-tion test (p\ .05) between the 2 groups. in the training group, all mea-surements got significant improvement (p\<.05) except one of the functional ambulating tests. however, the reference group only showed significant improvement in pain and physical function subscales of womac (p\<.05). this study concludes that the sling suspension exercises designed for patients with knee osteoarthritis improve the proprioception of knee joint. the con-tent and concept of sling suspension exercises in this study might be a refer-ence of proprioception training for patients with knee osteoarthritis. increasing case number and elongating the duration of intervention are suggested in further studies.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 50 to 70, both genders, diagnosed as knee osteoarthritis, grading 2 or 3 in kellgren's scale exclusion criteria: -