Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
curcumin supplementation for the improvement of diabetes-related outcomes

Conditions: Over Age 60; Prediabetes or Overweight

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to learn about, test, and compare health outcomes of curcumin supplementation (400 mg). two primary hypotheses are: 1. curcumin supplementation will improve glycemic control in older adults with pre-diabetic conditions over a 12-week period. \* rationale: curcumin has been shown to enhance insulin sensitivity, reduce fasting blood glucose, and lower hba1c levels in preclinical and clinical studies. this hypothesis will be tested by measuring changes in fasting glucose, insulin levels, and diabetic biomarkers from baseline (week 0) to week 12. 2. curcumin supplementation will beneficially alter gut microbiota composition and diversity, which is associated with improved metabolic outcomes in older adults with pre-diabetes. * rationale: curcumin is known to possess prebiotic-like properties and can influence gut microbial populations. by analyzing stool samples using metagenomic sequencing, this hypothesis will evaluate whether curcumin intake leads to increased abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., akkermansia, faecalibacterium) and decreased pathogenic taxa, alongside improved metabolic markers.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * to be eligible, participants were required to meet at least one of the following criteria: a) prediabetes, defined as a fasting blood glucose level of 100-125 mg/dl or an hba1c of 5.7-6.4%, or b) a body mass index (bmi) ≥25. exclusion criteria: * a) a preexisting cardiometabolic condition such as diabetes, b) liver disease, c) de-mentia, d) tobacco use within one year prior to the study, and e) use of medications targeting diabetes or blood lipids.

Keywords: curcumin aging
influence of plantago major on mineral metabolism and selected biochemical parameters in obese women

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: effect of oral supplementation with plantago major on cardiometabolic risk factors and mineral content and lifestyle in obese women: double-blind, randomized clinical trial.

the purpose of the study is to determine whether oral plantago major supplementation affects cardiometabolic risk factors, mineral content, and lifestyle in obese women. in previous research it was found that the plantago maxima extract counteracts the development of adipose tissue in rats on a high-fat diet. in addition, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic action of plantago has been demonstrated. moreover, it has been shown that plantago influences lipolysis in obese mice and ameliorates metabolic processess in obese rats. the project is due to evaluate the effect of oral supplementation with selected plantago species - plantago major in obese patients on: * the content of minerals in blood, hair and urine * total cholesterol, hdl and ldl cholesterol and triglycerides blood concentration, * blood glucose and insulin concentration, * blood pressure, * anthropometric parameters: body mass, body height, waist and hip circumferences * body content measured by bioimpedance: % of fat tissue and % of muscle tissue * quality of life 70 subjects will be randomized into two groups and receive oral plantago major extract (the first group) or oral placebo (the second group) once daily for 12 weeks. at baseline and at completion (after 12 weeks) fasting blood, urine and hair samples will be collected and abovementioned parameters will be measured.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * body mass index (bmi) equal to or greater than 30 kg/m2 * age 18 to 60 years * stable body weight (\< 3 kg self-reported change during the previous three months) * written informed consent to participate in the study, * abdominal obesity - waist circumference\> 80 cm; * body fat content measured by bio-impedance ≥ 33%; * female exclusion criteria: * secondary obesity or secondary hypertension * diabetes type i * gastrointestinal disease; * dyslipidaemia, type 2 diabetes, hypertension requiring the implementation of pharmacological treatment in the last 3 months prior to observation or follow-up; * a history of use of any dietary supplements within the one month prior to the study * clinically significant acute or chronic inflammatory disease in the respiratory, gastrointestinal or genitourinary system or in the mouth, throat, paranasal sinuses and / or connective tissue disease, arthritis; * simultaneous participation in a study that affects body mass or use of diet / medication / nutritional behaviors affecting body mass; * a history of infection in the month prior to the study * nicotine, drug or alcohol abuse * or other condition that, in the opinion of the investigators, would make participation not in the best interest of the patient or could prevent, limit, or confound the study results

Keywords: plantago major obesity mineral content adipose tissue
enhanced cjd surveillance in the older population

Conditions: Prion Disease; Dementia

Summary: the purpose of this study to investigate if cases of creutzfeldt-jakob disease (cjd) and other forms of prion disease are being missed in older adults living within lothian.

the study involves patients aged 65 years or over who have been seen by a neurologist or psycho-geriatrician and identified as having features that are atypical for the known types of dementia. all patients will be invited to an initial meeting with the research team to discuss the study and, if they agree to participate, for clinical assessment and epidemiological review. participants will be asked to donate blood or a buccal sample for codon-129 polymorphism genotyping and may be offered a mri brain scan if no such imaging has been previously undertaken. participants will also be asked to consider if, in the event of their death, they would donate samples of brain tissue to the edinburgh brain bank for use in this and future research. telephone follow up will be offered within 1 month of joining the study and at 3 monthly intervals thereafter, with further clinical review offered if deemed appropriate.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 65 years or above * patients accessing nhs lothian neurology and psychogeriatric services * patients who have features atypical for the recognised forms of dementia * appropriate informed consent exclusion criteria: * patients aged below 65 at time of recruitment * patients diagnosed with a clear alternative demonstrable pathology

Keywords: vcjd prion disease dementia old-age surveillance brain banking public health
evaluating patients with abnormal levels of gastric acid

Conditions: Achlorhydria; Gastrinoma; Zollinger Ellison Syndrome

Summary: this study is used by the digestive diseases branch to evaluate patients with suspected abnormalities in the secretion of gastric acid. the level of gastric acid is measured by analyzing the gastric juices of each individual patient. the gastric acid sample is obtained by a procedure known as nasogastric suctioning, where a thin plastic tube is passed from the nose to the stomach. depending on the patient's present condition further diagnostic testing may be required to achieve a diagnosis.

this study is an omnibus protocol used by the digestive diseases branch to evaluate patients with suspected abnormalities of gastric acid secretion. gastric acid secretion is measured by means of analysis of gastric juices obtained by nasogastric suction. other clinically indicated diagnostic procedures are performed depending on the patient's clinical state in order to reach a diagnosis.

Eligibility criteria:
eligibility criteria not identified in the protocol.

Keywords: stomach hypersecretion hyposecretion gastrinoma zollinger-ellison syndrome
antimalarial drug resistance with assessment of transmission blocking activity

Conditions: Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria

Summary: this is a two-arm, open label treatment study comparing the efficacy, safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of a three-day course of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (dp) with or without single-dose primaquine in patients with uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria. on the last day of dp therapy, volunteers will be randomized to receive either a single 45 mg dose of primaquine (pq) or dp treatment only (no primaquine).

volunteers with uncomplicated malaria in cambodia will be enrolled to current standard of care therapy with dha-piperaquine to monitor therapeutic efficacy and measure resistance. the cardiac safety of piperaquine will be monitored with electrocardiograms during the treatment period. resistance to dp and dp-pq will be assessed by a combination of clinical, pharmacologic, and parasitologic parameters including genomic signatures of selection during careful weekly follow-up visits for 42 days. volunteers will be randomized on day 3 to either a single 45mg dose of primaquine or no sexual stage therapy to evaluate effects of primaquine on the sexual stages of malaria (gametocytes) and potential transmissibility of infection to anopheles mosquitoes as compared to those not treated with primaquine.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. volunteer with uncomplicated p. falciparum malaria (volunteers with mixed p. falciparum and p. vivax infections may be enrolled), 18-65 years of age 2. baseline asexual parasite density between 1,000-200,000 parasites/ul 3. able to provide informed consent 4. available and agree to follow-up for anticipated study duration including 3 day treatment course at the mtf and weekly follow-up for the 42-day period 5. authorized by local commander to participate if active duty military exclusion criteria: 1. allergic reaction or contraindication to dha, piperaquine or primaquine 2. significant acute comorbidity requiring urgent medical intervention 3. signs/symptoms and parasitological confirmation of severe malaria 4. use of any anti-malarial within the past 14 days. 5. class i or ii g6pd deficiency (defined as severe) as determined at screening 6. pregnant or lactating female, or female of childbearing age, up to 50 years of age, who does not agree to use an acceptable form of contraception during the study 7. clinically significant abnormal ekg, including a qtcf interval \> 500 ms at enrollment. 8. known or suspected concomitant use of qtc prolonging medications. 9. judged by the investigator to be otherwise unsuitable for study participation

Keywords: malaria drug resistance dha-piperaquine cambodia transmission blocking
the singapore chinese health study

Conditions: Cancer; End Stage Renal Disease; Diabetes; Cardiovascular Diseases

Summary: the "singapore chinese health study" is a cohort study established by the department of epidemiology and public health in national university of singapore, together with collaborators from several universities in the united states of america. this is a long-term study to help doctors and scientists understand the influence of diet, lifestyle and environment on the development of common diseases among singaporean men and women. this includes cancer, heart disease, stroke, dementia, osteoporosis, high cholesterol and diabetes. the aim is to help us understand the causes of these diseases and to discover effective and efficient approaches for prevention and treatment.

the cohort consists of more than 60,000 men and women who were enrolled in the singapore chinese health study during 1993-1998. at the time of enrollment, participants were interviewed in-person regarding their dietary habits and other lifestyle factors. about half of them also donated small amounts of blood and urine for research between 2000 and 2004.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * housing estate residents, ages 45-74 years, chinese exclusion criteria: * none
evaluating a strategy to improve pre-anesthesia care discussions (my anesthesia choice-hip fracture)

Conditions: Hip Fractures; Femoral Neck Fractures; Intertrochanteric Fractures; Subtrochanteric Fractures

Summary: the objective of this study is to assess the implementation process for and the effectiveness of a quality improvement (qi) strategy to increase shared decision-making around anesthesia options for hip fracture surgery at 6 us hospitals. the qi strategy is to be facilitated by a clinician-administered 1-page bedside conversation aid designed to improve the quality of physician-patient communication, paired with brief clinician training. the evaluation will occur via a stepped wedge, cluster randomized trial to be carried out over a period of 27 months.

the objective of this study is to assess the implementation process for and the effectiveness of a quality improvement (qi) strategy to increase shared decision-making around anesthesia options for hip fracture surgery at 6 us hospitals. the qi strategy is to be facilitated by a clinician-administered 1-page bedside conversation aid designed to improve the quality of physician-patient communication, paired with brief clinician training. the evaluation will occur via a stepped wedge, cluster randomized trial to be carried out over a period of 27 months. activities at each site will be divided into three phases: pre-implementation; active implementation; and sustainment. data collection will occur across all study phases at each site, although specific data elements collected will vary across phases. to facilitate evaluation, sites will be randomly assigned to one of three possible timing sequences (a, b, c) for project implementation (2 sites/sequence). the duration of the active implementation phase will be the same for each sequence (12 months); however, the duration of pre-implementation and sustainment phases will vary across sequences. during the pre-implementation phase, data collection on selected outcome variables will occur but no interventions will be delivered. during the implementation phase, site clinicians will undergo training in use of the my anesthesia choice-hf tool and the tool will be made available for use in clinical areas with eligible patients. data collection on key outcomes will continue over this period, and clinicians will receive reminders to encourage tool use. during sustainment, the tool will remain available for use and outcomes will continue to be measured to assess sustainment of the intervention over time.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion: age 50 and older planned surgery to treat a hip fracture exclusion: contraindication to spinal anesthesia: current anticoagulant therapy or coagulopathy contraindication to spinal anesthesia: critical aortic stenosis contraindication to spinal anesthesia: skin infection over the lumbar spine

Keywords: hip fracture femoral neck intertrochanteric subtrochanteric fracture anesthesia observational study survey shared decision making my anesthesia choice mac-hf
evaluation of glucose lowering effect, safety and tolerability of cs-917

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: this study will compare glucose lowering with cs-917 compared to placebo after 3 months of treatment


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * drug naive or newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects: * never received oral antihyperglycemic or insulin therapy or * no oral antihyperglycemic or insulin therapy for more than 6 months since original diagnosis and * no insulin therapy within one year of screening, with the exception of use during hospitalization or for use in gestational diabetes and * no antihyperglycemic therapy for more than three consecutive days, or a total of of seven non-consecutive days, during the 8 weeks prior to screening. * hba1c\>6.7% and \< or = to 10% at screening exclusion criteria: * current insulin therapy * symptoms of poorly controlled diabetes * history of diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar, nonketonic coma within one year of screening * serum bicarbonate \< or = to 19 meq/l * serum creatinine (scr) \> 1.4 mg/dl (females) or 1.5 mg/dl (males) * contraindication to metformin

Keywords: diabetes mellitus, type 2 high blood sugar hyperglycemia antihyperglycemic agents cs-917
multi-center, survival data collection in subjects previously enrolled in celgene protocol cc-5013-mds-003

Conditions: Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Summary: multi-center, survival data collection in subjects previously enrolled in study nct00065156 (celgene protocol cc-5013-mds-003).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. must have been enrolled in the celgene protocol cc-5013-mds-003 study. 2. must understand and be able to give informed consent (if a subject is deceased, proper legal consent (i.e. next of kin, legal representative) will be obtained prior to collection of data). exclusion criteria: 1. consent refused for any reason at current or long-term follow up completed in 2007 (long-term follow up: survival data collection completed to obtain further safety information on cc-5013-mds-003 discontinued subjects from may - october 2007).

Keywords: mds
the perspective of healthy individuals on breast cancer risk prediction report in the indonesian population

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: in 2016, a meta-analysis showed that dna-based risk reporting alone does not facilitate behavior change. however, there have been several studies showing that tailoring care plans related to diet may help with adherence to a tailored diet plan. risk prediction report displays both polygenic risk score (prs) and modifiable (non-genetic) risk factors. overtime, the investigators aim to combine both prs and modifiable risk factors to have a localized and stronger prediction model for the local population. the risk prediction report is designed to tailor care plans for patients by their physicians or care planner. focus groups allow deeper discussions in themes important to guide design of the report. this method has been used in previous similar studies, such as one by cutting et al to understand physicians' preference in integrating genetic reports into daily practice. studies also have shown that local adoption of personalized medicine and care is hindered by limited infrastructure of information management and awareness, despite personalized medicine being widely adopted in healthcare systems in developing countries.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. female 2. able to give informed consent 3. aged 25-75 years old 4. have access to a mobile phone or computer with the zoom application or a caregiver who is able to assist them with the zoom application exclusion criteria: 1. ever diagnosed with breast cancer

Keywords: breast cancer
prophylactic manual rotation in the second stage of labor

Conditions: Labor Complication; Pregnancy Related

Summary: this is a randomized controlled trial to determine whether prophylactic manual rotation for fetuses identified to have persistent occiput posterior or occiput transverse presentation (pop/otp) at the initiation of the second stage of labor in nulliparous individuals reduces rates of operative delivery, second stage of labor duration, and resultant adverse clinical outcomes compared to standard management of the second stage of labor.

this is a randomized controlled trial in which nulliparous individuals with a term, singleton gestation who undergo a trial of labor with neuraxial anesthesia and have a fetus presenting with persistent occiput posterior or occiput transverse presentation (pop/otp) confirmed by ultrasound at the initiation of the second stage of labor will be randomized to either prophylactic manual rotation or sham rotation. the study aims to evaluate whether prophylactic manual rotation reduces the incidence of operative delivery (a composite of cesarean and operative vaginal delivery), second stage of labor duration, and maternal and neonatal morbidity among nulliparous individuals with a fetus with pop/otp at the initiation of the second stage of labor. individuals will be screened for eligibility upon admission to labor and delivery and approached for potential recruitment with informed consent obtained on enrollment. once women achieve complete cervical dilation and within the first fifteen minutes of commencement of pushing, a bedside ultrasound will be performed to determine the fetal position. those with pop/otp will be randomized at that time point to either prophylactic manual rotation or sham rotation. the patient's primary obstetrician will be blinded to the randomization arm. the electronic health record will be reviewed and used to assess trial outcomes. the study will enroll 350 individuals, powered to detect a 15% reduction in operative delivery (instrumental vaginal delivery or cesarean section) with prophylactic manual rotation of pop/otp, from a baseline risk of 50% without manual rotation to 35% with prophylactic rotation at initiation of the second stage of labor.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnant * age 18 years or greater * english-speaking * nulliparous * singleton gestation * planning a vaginal birth * have neuraxial anesthesia * term gestation (≥37 weeks' gestation) * ruptured membranes * complete cervical dilation * cephalic presenting fetus * fetus presenting with occiput posterior or occiput transverse position confirmed by ultrasound exclusion criteria: * pregnancies with intrauterine fetal demise * pregnancies affected by major fetal anomaly * maternal or fetal contraindication to vaginal delivery, including operative vaginal delivery * fetal malpresentation, including brow or face presentation * category iii fetal heart rate tracing at time of randomization * duration of pushing already exceeding 15 minutes in the second stage of labor * lack of other inclusion criteria as described above