Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
imaging of type 1 diabetes progression

Conditions: Type 1 Diabetes

Summary: type 1 diabetes results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of langerhans of the pancreas. initially, diabetes is usually clinically silent with immune cells invading the pancreatic islets, a process termed insulitis, which eventually leads to loss of beta cells in the islets. if enough beta cells are destroyed, the body can not make enough insulin to maintain blood sugars in the normal range and clinical diabetes develops. the purpose of this study is to assess the ability of magnetic resonance imaging with ferumoxytol to detect changes in the pancreas associated with the insulitis of type 1 diabetes.

this study is designed to monitor changes associated with the development of autoimmune diabetes. a magnetic resonance imaging (mri) based technique will be used to noninvasively measure changes within the pancreas associated with the development of autoimmune diabetes. the iron-containing drug ferumoxytol will be used as an intravenous mri contrast agent for this study. individuals will be asked to participate one time, for 1-year, or over a 2-year period. during the development phase of the study, each imaging series will consist of 3 or more mri scans. at the initial imaging visit a pre-ferumoxytol scan will be done, followed by ferumoxytol injection, and then an immediate post-injection scan. the subsequent scans will be concluded within 96 hours of ferumoxytol injection (typically at 48 hours). those who participate for 1-year will have repeat imaging at approximate times 0, 6 months, and 12 months. those who participate for 2-years will have repeat imaging at approximate times 0, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after enrollment. measurements of autoimmunity and metabolic parameters (collected as part of collaborating diabetes clinical studies) will be used in the data analysis for the longitudinal portion of the study. stimulated c-peptide will be measured as a marker of endogenous insulin production capacity and beta-cell mass.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participation in a collaborating diabetes clinical trial * able to understand written consent document and hipaa authorization prior to initiation of study related procedures and are willing to participate exclusion criteria: * known allergy to ferumoxytol or iron * individuals who are pregnant or lactating * iron saturation above the upper limit of normal * individuals with a counter-indication to mri, such as the presence of metallic prostheses or implanted metal device (e.g., infusion pump, defibrillator) * individuals with known clinical conditions that may lead to iron overload including hemochromatosis, cirrhosis, or sickle cell disease

Keywords: type 1 diabetes magnetic resonance imaging insulitis ferumoxytol
hypernatremia in hydatid cyst treatment

Conditions: Echinococcosis, Hepatic

Summary: hypertonic saline (hs) is one of the most widely used scolocidal agents in the treatment of hydatid cysts. hypernatremia is one of the complications associated with the use of hs. it can cause hypernatremia, acid-base disorder, impaired lung, renal, cardiac and neurological functions and even death. therefore, caution should be exercised in the use of hs, and open technique should be preferred in surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients who developed hypernatremia (plasma sodium value above 145 mmol/l) due to hs use in the treatment of hydatid cyst were included to study - exclusion criteria:patients who developed hypernatremia due to other treatments were excluded from the study. -

Keywords: echinococcosis hepatic hypernatremia
corticosteroids and hemoglobin a1c levels in diabetic patients with copd exacerbation

Conditions: Diabetes; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Summary: corticosteroid treatment in diabetic patients admitted for copd exacerbation are expected to significantly increase hemoglobin a1c levels

hba1c levels were evaluated in diabetic patients with copd exacerbation on admission to the hospital and 3-months later. demographic, clinical, laboratory variables and total steroid dose were documented. age- and sex-matched group of diabetic patients with copd who were admitted for other reasons, were asked to participate as a control group. mann-whitney and chi square/fischer's exact tests were used to compare between the parameters of the two groups. wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare between hba1c levels at baseline and 3 months later. multi-variate linear regression analysis was used to find predictors for increase in hba1c levels in the patients' group.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diabetic patients with copd exacerbation exclusion criteria: * patients treated with steroids during the previous 3 months

Keywords: copd diabetes steroids hemoglobin a1c difference
effects of muscle fatigue and a taping technique on shoulder motion of athletes

Conditions: Shoulder Injury; Muscle Fatigue

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of muscle fatigue in the scapular kinematics of overhead athletes with and without using a kinesio taping technique for facilitating lower trapezius function. the hypothesis is that the taping technique could compensate for the negative effects caused by muscle fatigue in the scapular kinematics of healthy overhead athletes.

muscle fatigue is a potential cause of shoulder injuries in overhead athletes. considering the important role of lower trapezius for functional scapular stability, it is suggested that a kinesio taping technique for facilitating its function could compensate for the negative effects of muscle fatigue on scapular kinematics. this is a randomized crossover study and all included athletes will be evaluated in three sessions, with a period of seven days between them: control (fatigue protocol, without taping), kinesio taping (fatigue protocol with elastic taping applied with tension) and sham (fatigue protocol with taping applied without tension). during each session, tridimensional kinematics of scapula and humerus and electromyography of serratus anterior and trapezius (upper and lower portions) muscles of dominant shoulder will be evaluated, during scaption and throwing movements, immediately before and immediately after the fatigue protocol.the changes in scapular movements (before versus after the fatigue protocol) will be compared among the sessions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * overhead athletes regularly training; * no report of shoulder pain in the last 6 months. exclusion criteria: * previous shoulder or neck surgery; * previous shoulder dislocation.

Keywords: shoulder muscle fatigue kinematics athletes
the comparison of core stabilization exercise with scientific exercise approach to scoliosis in idiopathic scoliosis

Conditions: Scoliosis; Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Summary: scoliosis specific exercises have been shown to improve curve progression but there have been few studies that compare the different exercise approaches in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (ais). the objective of this study was to compare the effects of core stabilization (cs) exercises with scientific exercises approach to scoliosis (seas exercises) in addition to brace wearing in patients with ais. it is important to compare different exercise methods on different aspects of scoliotic deformity, such as curve progression, angle of trunk rotation, body symmetry, cosmetic trunk deformity, satisfaction with treatment and quality of life.

the aim of this study was to investigate whether adolescent with idiopathic scoliosis receiving scoliosis specific exercise approach, such as seas exercises, in accordance with the bracing approach for moderate curves would have greater improvement in curve progression, trunk deformity, body symmetry and quality of life than adolescent receiving exercise therapy based on the general core stabilization approach with similar intensity. thirty female patients with ais aged 12 to16 years, who have moderate curves (20 to 45 degree) randomly divided into two groups. one group received cs exercise, while other received seas exercise for forty-min once weekly for four months. both groups underwent full-time bracing (23 hours per day) intervention. outcome was based on cobb angle, angle of trunk rotation, body symmetry (posterior trunk symmetry index), cosmetic trunk deformity (walter reed visual assessment scale) and quality of life (scoliosis research society - 22 questionnaire) measured at baseline and after intervention period. results were analyzed using the paired sample t-test to compare repeated measurements and independent sample t-test to compare the groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patients included in the current study were consecutive adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis seen in our department who were referred to receive both brace and exercise treatment conservatively. additional inclusion criteria included the following: female gender; at least age 12 years; primary curve magnitude between 20 and 45 degrees of cobb angle; double curve (right thoracic-left lumbar) or single thoracolumbar curve having an apex in the main thoracic region; risser 2-3 and no previous treatment. exclusion criteria: * exclusion criteria for both groups were as follows: evidence of congenital curve; neuromuscular, rheumatologic, renal, cardiovascular, pulmonary or vestibular diseases or surgical correction history.

Keywords: scientific exercise approach to scoliosis core stabilization training bracing adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
sentinel node detection with technetium-99m albumin nanocolloid and icg in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer

Conditions: Ovarian Epithelial Cancer

Summary: study to evaluate the diagnostic precision of icg and 99mtc nanocolloid albumin in sentinel lymph node detection in early ovarian epithelial cancer.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with adnexal mass diagnosed with high suspicion of malignancy that will undergo intraoperative biopsy or patients with already diagnosed epithelial cancer in early stages in a previous surgery and confirmed by pathology with complete staging indicated. * absence of retroperitoneal ganglionary affectation and metastatic disease evaluated by preoperative imaging techniques. * signing of informed consent by the patient or relative in charge. * women with childbearing potential must compromise to use highly effective contraceptive methods (partner vasectomized, sexual abstinence) until the end of the study (last study visit). exclusion criteria: * patients \<18 years * pregnancy or breastfeeding * epithelial ovarian tumors stage figo iii or iv. * impossibility to obtain a biopsy from the tumor. * history of previous vascular surgery (cava vein, aorta, iliac blood vessels) or radiotherapy in pelvic or para-aortic area. * sentinel lymph node biopsy will not be performed if intraoperative histologic study shows a benign ovarian tumor, low malignancy potential tumor or expansive mucinous histology. * patient not able to undergo surgery. * hypersensitivity to active principle, to sodium iodide or iodine allergy. * patients with clinic hyperthyroidism, thyroid autonomous adenomas or focal and diffused autonomous alteration of thyroid gland
a randomized trial to assess the efficacy and safety of go2ka1(chitosan oligosaccharide)on blood glucose control

Conditions: Impaired Fasting Glucose, Newly-diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: the effects of chitosan on blood glucose levels have been contradicting. hypoglycemic effects of high molecular weight chitosan are related to diabetic models with hypoinsulinemia but have shown little effect on the blood glucose levels in hyperinsulinemia related diabetic models. based on previous reports, high molecular weight chitosan either directly or indirectly related to insulin secretion in pancreas but has little effect on insulin resistance. in the present study, the effect of go2ka1 (low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharide) on blood glucose levels in korean pre-diabetic adults, will be evaluated. the changes in postprandial blood glucose levels will be investigated in subjects with impaired fasting glucose or glucose tolerance.

in the detailed description we believe that it will be wise to discuss about the long-term study of the effect of go2ka1(chitosan oligosaccharide: oligosaccharides derived from chitosan) on pre-diabetic individuals (in addition to the postprandial blood glucose levels). in the present study, we will investigate the effects of go2ka1 on the level of postprandial blood glucose in adult koreans with impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. postprandial blood glucose levels will be tested for 2 hours at every 30 min interval after 75g-ogtt and the experimental group will be pre-fed with 500 mg of go2ka1. primary outcomes will be included change in hba1c, insulin, glycemic auc, and lipids(total cholesterol, triglyceride, and hdl). this clinical study will be conducted with 60 subjects after explanation and accommodation about experimental protocols and model. to test under same condition, smoking and drinking water will be completely prohibit from 1 hour before and during the experiment. at first day, control experiment will be conducted without oral take of go2ka1 or placebo.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males and females 20-75 years old * impaired fasting glucose (fpg 100\~125 mg/dl) or impaired glucose tolerance (ppg-2h 140\~200 mg/dl) * able to give informed consent exclusion criteria: * having received a diagnosis of diabetes or receiving treatment for diabetes * having a history of ischemic heart disease, stroke, liver cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis, pituitary disease, thyroid disease, adrenal gland disease, mental illness, gastrectomy, or advanced malignant tumor * receiving corticosteroid or thyroid hormone medication * being judged by the responsible physician of the local study center as unfit to participate in the study * abnormal liver or kidney function tests (alt or ast \> 2 times the upper limit of normal * elevated creatinine, males \> 125 umol/l, females \> 110 umol/l)
high dosage vitamin d and osteoporosis

Conditions: Osteoporosis; Osteopenia

Summary: vitamin d and calcium are essential in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. what dosage of vitamin d which is the ideal one, is not yet clear. we want to test the hypothesis that high dosage of vitamin d (i.e. 6500 iu/d) is better than standard dosage (800 iu/d) in a randomized double-blind trial. we will include 400 postmenopausal otherwise healthy women with t-score \<= -2.0 in l2-4 or mean total hip. everybody will receive calcium 1000 mg and vitamin d 800 iu every day. half of the group will also receive vitamin d 40 000 iu/week, while the other half will have placebo. the study period is one year.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bone mineral density in l2-4 or mean total hip with t-score \<= -2.0 exclusion criteria: * current use of bisphosphonates, pth-analogs, estrogen, serm, p.o. steroids or use of any of these agents last year * serum creatinin \>110 umol/l * systolic blood pressure \>175 mmhg or diastolic blod pressure \>105 * serious disease (heart failure, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, diabetes, mental reduction, granulomatous disease like sarcoidosis, cancer) * kidney stone * serum calcium \> 2.55 mmol/l * suspect primary hyperparathyroidism with serum calcium \>2.50 mmol/l combined with pth \> 5.0 mmol/l or serum calcium \> 2.45 mmol/l combined with pth \>= 7.0 pmol/l

Keywords: osteoporosis bone mineral density vitamin d
relieving the bile ducts prior to pancreatoduodenectomy

Conditions: Pancreas Cancer; Surgery-Complications; Biliary Fistula

Summary: the aim of this study was to assess the risk and complications after preoperative drainage of biliary obstruction in patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy. a retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy from january 1st, 2015 to september 30th, 2021. patients who had preoperative bile duct drainage were compared to patients without intervention. type of interventions, complications and outcome after surgery were compared using univariate and multivariate analysis.

obstructive jaundice is a common problem in pancreatic and periampullary tumors, but preoperative biliary drainage in patients with hyperbilirubinemia is still controversial. the aim of this retrospective cohort study was to assess the risk and complications after preoperative drainage of biliary obstruction in patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy. a retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy from january 1st, 2015 to september 30th, 2021.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients who had undergone pancreatoduodenectomy exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: pancreatoduodenectomy complications percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage
the efficacy of topical minocycline in managing symptomatic oral lichen planus

Conditions: Oral Lichen Planus

Summary: the aim of the present study is to assess the clinical efficacy of topical minocyclin in managing of symptoms associated with oral lichen planus (olp). the rationale of the study is based on our previous studies demonstrating the beneficial effect of minocyclin mouthwash on recurrent aphthous stomatitis. the planned study will be a randomized controlled, cross-over trail. patients with symptomatic olp will randomly receive minocycline or dexamethasone rinses. the patients will rinse and expectorate 5 ml of the 1st mouthwash 4 times daily for 14 days. subjects will complete a daily follow-up form that includes data regarding the daily intensity of pain (using vas) caused by olp and regarding possible side effects. after a washout period (at least 14 days) the patients will repeat the protocol with the second mouthwash.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * olp patients (biopsy proven) exclusion criteria: * known allergy to dexamethasone or minocycline * pregnancy

Keywords: oral lichen planus minocycline dexamethasone
continuous positive airway pressure and oxygen concentration on measurement of rapid shallow breathing index

Conditions: Acute Respiratory Failure

Summary: to compare the rapid shallow breathing index (rsbi) values, the incidence of adverse reactions, and the predictive accuracy measured under 5 different ventilator strategies in the same patient group.

98 ready for weaning patients were included and divided into success (n=71) and failure (n=27) groups based upon their weaning outcome. before weaning, the rsbi values were determined under the patients disconnecting from the ventilator (ra-no ventilator) and still connecting to the ventilator with 4 different settings (fraction of inspired oxygen (fio2) 21 or 40% combined with continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) 0 or 5 cm h2o). the patients were extubated after completing the weaning trials. successful weaning was defined as patients free from the ventilator for over 48 hours.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * intubated medical patients with mechanically ventilated more than 48 hours * clinically ready for weaning * glasgow coma scales were at least 8 * their ventilator settings were: assist-controlled, pressure support (ps)or synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation plus ps mode, fio2 40% or less, positive end-expiratory pressure 5 cm h2o or less, and sensitivity setting on 1 l/min. their arterial blood gases results were acceptable exclusion criteria: * having ongoing lung or neuromuscular disease and signs of increased intracranial pressure

Keywords: ventilator, mechanical ventilator weaning rapid shallow breathing index continuous positive airway pressure receiver operating characteristic curve copd
study of gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, and paclitaxel in patients with refractory germ cell carcinoma

Conditions: Testicular Cancer; Germ Cell Neoplasm

Summary: this is a study for patients with advanced testicular cancer. this research study involves treatment with oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, and gemcitabine, which is an investigational chemotherapy combination. this study is for patients who have not responded to standard cisplatin-containing chemotherapy or the cancer has returned after such treatment. this research is being done to assess the effectiveness of the proposed combination of medications for this type of cancer.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. prior histologic or serologic confirmation of testicular or extragonadal germ cell neoplasm not amenable to surgical cure 2. must have refractory germ cell neoplasm defined as one or more of the following: * patients who progress during or within 4 weeks of cisplatin-containing tx, or - patients who have failed initial salvage chemotx regimens, including high-dose tx (chemotx with stem cell support), pomb-ace tx, veip, or vip 3. must have one or more of the following (check all that apply): * unidimensionally measurable doze assessed within 14 days prior to registration, * elevated β-hcg \> 20 miu assessed within 24-48 hours prior to registration, or * afp \> 2 x uln assessed within 5-7 days prior to registration note: soft tissue dz, which has been radiated in the 2 months prior to registration, is not assessable as measurable dz. 4. x-rays, scans, or pe for non-measurable dz must have been completed within 14 days of registration 5. may have received prior surgery or rt. at least 3 weeks must have elapsed since completion of previous tx and must have recovered from any adverse effects 6. zubrod ps less than or equal to 2 7. greater than or equal to 16 years of age 8. agc greater than or equal to 1.5; platelets greater than or equal to 100,000 9. total bilirubin \< 2.5 x uln; sgot and alk phos \< 5 x uln (obtained within 14 days prior to registration) 10. ldh (obtained within 7 days prior to registration) 11. creatinine \< 2.5 x uln or calc or meas crcl greater than or equal to 40 ml/min (obtained within 14 days prior to registration; patient must not be on renal dialysis) 12. serum k+ and mg++ within inst range of normal (obtained within 14 days prior to registration) 13. men of reproductive potential must agree to use effective contraceptive method 14. signed informed consent (including hipaa authorization) exclusion criteria: 1. prior tx with cytotoxic or experimental agents within 14 days prior to registration 2. evidence of concurrent infection (t \> 96.8f but \< 101.5f; wbc \< 11.0 unless these values can be ascribed to another tumor-related phenomena) 3. other prior malignancy, except adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, adequately treated stage i or ii cancer from which patient is currently in chemoradiation (cr), or any other cancer from which patient has been disease-free for 5 years

Keywords: testicular extra gonadal germ cell neoplasm