Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the roles of intraluminal pressure and the dilation of tunica media in the development of aortic dissection

Conditions: Aortic Dissection

Summary: aortic dissection is defined as the separation of aortic medial lamellae. it is unknown why some aortic dissection are limited in extent while other aortic dissection extend extensively. the investigators hypothesize that the medial layers are separated as a result of the uneven dilation and dislocation of the inner and outer layers, and if this hypothesis is ture, dilation is necessary to the development of aortic dissection. in this study, an in vitro experiment was performed to test whether dilation is essential to the development of aortic dissection. participants will be recruited from patients with aortic repair surgery in wuhan asian heart hospital. a piece of aortic wall will be dissected to reconstruct aorta during operation. firstly, the dissected aortic wall is sampled for routine pathological examination. secondly, the remaining tissue is cut into a 2cm by 2cm sheet, then an incision was made on the inner surface of the tissue sheet. the outer 0.5mm media will not be incised. thirdly, the tissue sheet is used to seal a hole in a syringe with the incision faced inside, and tissue sheet of the experimental group was bound by a band to restrict its dilation in the next step. fourthly, the syringe is filled with blue stain, and a mechanical test is performed. fifthly, for the experimental group, the band is removed, and the syringe is filled with red stain. the mechanical test is performed again. finally, the tissue sheet is released and cut into several parts to show whether the inner and outer media layers are separated by the blue stain or the red stain.

the mechanical test: the syringe's pressure will increase gradually to a target level, and then decrease gradually to 0 mpa, and this process is repeated for about 60 times.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with aortic repair surgery. exclusion criteria: * the dissected aortic wall is not big enough to be cut into a 2cm by 2cm sheet after routine pathological examination.
evaluation of the performance and safety of the atoldys/ lexilens glasses developed to improve the reading of dyslexic subjects

Conditions: Dyslexia

Summary: the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new medical device (atoldys/ lexilens glasses) on the improvement of reading skills of young dyslexic subjects.

dyslexia is defined as a specific learning disability that is characterized by reading difficulties, in the absence of intellectual disability, neurological or psychiatric disorder, uncorrected sensory disturbance (sight, hearing) or an educational deficiency. dyslexia appears in the child from the earliest stages of learning in the form of a difficulty in mastering the learning of reading. this disorder is manifested by a generally hesitant reading, slowed down, full of errors, requiring a lot of effort for the child and may impact his reading comprehension. the dyslexia-related deficiency is of variable intensity depending on the individual; it may be accompanied by calculus disorders (dyscalculia), oral language (dysphasia), motor coordination (dyspraxia) or attention disorders with or without hyperactivity. in nearly 40% of cases, a child affected by dys disorders presents several learning disorders. to date, the causes of dyslexia are not yet clearly established. the wide variety of symptoms and disorders associated with dyslexia does not facilitate the identification of precise neurobiological / psycho cognitive mechanisms. there are therefore several theories: phonological, visual, temporal, cerebellar or proprioceptive auditory processing. recently, following work published in 2017, an anatomical cause based on maxwell's spots could also be a cause of dyslexia. the aim of this study is to evaluate a new medical device (class i ce marked) to compensate this probable anatomical cause: the atoldys/ lexilens glasses

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * schooled in cm1, cm2 or 6ème, * french mother tongue, * for whom developmental dyslexia has been diagnosed by a health professional who specializes in this learning disorder, * with near vision, without optical correction, equivalent to p5 or better according to the parinaud scale (distance: 30-40 cm), * presenting an iq ≥ 80 and ≤130 according to the wisc-v test performed by a psychologist, * for whom a written consent was obtained regarding his study participation. exclusion criteria: * with medical history or presenting a neurological pathology, * presenting a developmental disorder (autism, adhd, ...), * presenting hearing disorders, * presenting an astigmatism of more than one uncorrected diopter, * presenting other visual disorders, * any other condition that, in the opinion of health professionals, could impair its ability to complete the study or could pose a significant risk.
efficacy of oral appliance for upper airway resistance syndrome

Conditions: Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome

Summary: introduction: the upper airway resistance syndrome (uars) is a sleep disorder characterized by airway resistance to breathing during sleep that leads to arousals and daytime sleepiness. there are few studies about uars treatment and there is not any gold standard treatment for it yet. objective: primary: to evaluate the efficacy of oral appliance on improving fatigue in patients with uars. secondary: evaluate the effects of treatment with oral appliance (oa) in patients with uars on sleepiness, mood, cognition, quality of life, metabolism and autonomic nervous system. methods: subjects with uars (apnea/hypopnea index - ahi - ≤ 5 events per hour of sleep and respiratory disturbance index - rdi - \> 5 events per hour or more than 30% of total sleep time with inspiratory flow limitation and with excessive daytime somnolence and/or fatigue) of both genders, with body mass index (bmi) lower than 30kg/m2 and between 25 to 50 years of age will be included. subjects will be randomly distributed in oa group and placebo (without treatment). at baseline evaluation, 6 months and 1 year after subjects will be submitted to sleep questionnaires, physical exam, otolaryngological evaluation, baseline polysomnography, epworth sleepiness scale, multiple sleep latency test, fatigue scale, neurocognitive testing, autonomic nervous system analysis (heart rate variability) and metabolic evaluation. mean and standard deviation will be used for descriptive statistical analysis if normal distribution, and median and percentiles (25%, 75%) for variables not normally distributed. to compare treatment groups t test (parametric) and mann whitney (non parametric) will be used. for adjusted analysis, linear regression analysis will be used.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * both genders * body mass index (bmi) ≤ 30kg/m2 * age from 25 to 50 years * clinical and polysomnographic diagnosis of upper airway resistance syndrome: apnea/hypopnea index (aih) ≤ 5 events/hour and respiratory disturbance index (rdi) \> 5 events/hour or \> 30% of total sleep time with inspiratory flow limitation with excessive daytime somnolence or fatigue exclusion criteria: * unsatisfactory dental condition or severe temporomandibular disfunction; * nasal obstruction; * alcohol abuse and excessive consumption of psychotropic drugs; * clinical, neurological or psychiatric diseases not treated * less than 6 hours of sleep

Keywords: fatigue excessive daytime sleepiness flow limitation
use of prf in treatment of dry socket.

Conditions: Alveolar Osteitis

Summary: the aim of the study is to evaluate the influence of prf application in case of alveolar osteitis.

the main objective was to compare the effects of using two different methods in the treatment of dry socket (alveolar osteitis), which is a postoperative complication of dental extraction. the first was nipas, applied, if dry socket was diagnosed following a tooth extraction. in case of subsequent extraction of homonymous tooth and reoccurrence of dry socket, patients were treated with application of prf.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * no known medical history of abnormal platelet counts, * patients with symmetric teeth qualified for extraction, exclusion criteria: * patients treated previously for existing dry socket, * patients allergic to acetylsalicylic acid , * systemic diseases, * pregnancy, * lactation, * drugs known to affect the number or function of platelets, * abnormal platelet counts,

Keywords: dry socket prf
cryocath freezor cryoablation catheter system (cryofacts)

Conditions: Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry

Summary: the purpose of this post approval study of heart block is to gather additional information regarding how often patients develop heart block (atrioventricular block) after having standard ablation procedure using cryotherapy with the freezor™ catheter.

due to the lack of enrollments for the trial. the fda and medtronic discussed the inclusion of data found from from published literature (external studies) to corroborate study endpoint. the fda allowed this data and the study was closed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: some inclusion criteria can only be established during the electrophysiologic study (eps); thus there are two groups of inclusion criteria. for inclusion in the study subjects must fulfill all of the following criteria: pre-eps inclusion criteria: 1. patients with a clinical history of avnrt who are referred for ablation. 2. patients willing to provide written informed consent. post-eps inclusion criteria: 1. patients with eps-documented avnrt exclusion criteria: any of the following is regarded as a criterion for excluding a subject from the study: 1. patients with any pre-existing av block. 2. patients with known cryoglobulinemia

Keywords: atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia avnrt
telehepc treatment trial

Conditions: Hepatitis C

Summary: the main goal of this study is to test the efficacy of a peer-facilitated telemedicine hcv treatment implementation strategy for people who use drugs versus local hcv treatment referral for achieving hcv sustained viral response at 12 weeks post-treatment (svr12).

non-blinded, randomized controlled trial. in-depth qualitative interviews assess attitudes and barriers to treatment. in phase 1, potential participants will be pulled from a convenience sample at a portland clinic providing care for the urban area. an initial target sample of 100 hepatitis c positive participants will be enrolled for dbs validation. power will be reassessed based on feedback from receiver operating curve model and additional participants enrolled up to a total of 100 hepatitis c positive participants, if necessary. a total of 500 potential participants can be screened expecting 1 in every 4 participants will be positive hcv. in phase 2, rural peer care coordinators (pccs) and research assistants recruit up to 200 pwud participants from high-needs rural oregon counties. study staff specifically target untreated populations recruited from local syringe exchange programs and direct community outreach (e.g. community barbeques, parks, homeless shelters, food pantries, etc.). participants are encouraged to refer others for study screening. a subset of up to 40 study participants will complete in-depth qualitative interviews regarding their experiences of hepatitis c treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. live in the study area 2. have injected drugs or report recreational opioid use without injection in the last 90 days 3. are age 18 or greater 4. have chronic active, untreated hepatitis c (defined as positive hcv rna) 5. are seeking treatment for hepatitis c infection. 6. are able to communicate in english (this is due to the fact that less than 5% of the population in which we are targeting will be non-english speaking; see "non-english speaking subjects" for additional information). 7. are enrolled in health insurance exclusion criteria: 1. have decompensated cirrhosis, defined as child-turcotte-pugh (ctp) score of 7 or greater, or ctp b cirrhosis. ctp scoring is a composite of laboratory metrics (bilirubin, albumin, pt/inr) and clinical findings, including: 1. increased abdominal or lower extremity swelling 2. confusion consistent with hepatic encephalopathy 2. are pregnant or breastfeeding
determining the optimal adenosine provocation test

Conditions: Asthma

Summary: asthma is a frequently occurring inflammatory lung disease that affects the whole bronchial tree including the small airways (\<2mm). since the introduction of the solution hydrofluoroalkane (hfa) technology it is possible to generate medication with small particles of approximately 1-2 μm, and therefore to reach the small airways. however, at this moment the investigators have no reliable instruments to identify the asthmatic subjects who particularly benefit from treatment with inhaled small particles. recently the investigators research group investigated whether provocation with small and large particles amp is able to identify responders and non-responders to treatment with small and large particles of inhaled corticosteroids. this provocation technique gave promising results but needs further optimization. the aim of this study is to determine the optimal particle size of dry powder adenosine to assess small airway involvement in asthma. secondary, to provide insight in the associations between the standard test, executed with nebulized amp, and the new test, executed with dry powder adenosine.

this is a cross-over study. the study population consists of 10 non-smoking asthma patients in the age of 18-65 years who have a pc20 metacholine value ≤4.9mg/ml. participating subjects perform 6 provocation tests in randomized order: one test with nebulized methacholine, one test with nebulized amp, four times dry powder adenosine provocation test. (small particles with inhaled with a slow flow, small particles inhaled with a fast flow, large particles inhaled with a slow flow, large particles inhaled with a fast flow)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a doctor's diagnosis of asthma * age: 18-65 years * pc20 amp \< 320 mg/ml * non-smoker * steroid naive or steroids have been stopped 4 weeks before entry into the baseline period exclusion criteria: * recent exacerbation asthma (\<2 months) or upper respiration tract infection (\<2 weeks) * severe airway obstruction at baseline, fev1pred\< 50% or \< 1.2l * diagnosis of copd or any other pulmonary disease that could influence the study results as judged by the investigator * pregnancy or lactating women. (i.e. women of childbearing potential who do not use adequate anticonception as judged by the investigator).

Keywords: asthma small airways disease inflammation provocation adenosine
measuring beliefs and norms about persons with alcohol use disorder

Conditions: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)

Summary: survey experiment to estimate drivers of stigma toward people with alcohol use disorder

despite significant advances in scientific understanding of substance use disorders accompanied by significant advances in treatment and improvements in prognosis, substance use disorder remains highly stigmatized throughout the world. previous studies suggest that portraying alcohol use disorder as treatable can reduce negative attitudes toward persons with alcohol use disorder. this randomized controlled trial compares the effects of exposing study participants to vignettes portraying persons with untreated and symptomatic alcohol use disorder vs. treated alcohol use disorder with complete response vs. treated alcohol use disorder with relapse, with and without adverse economic impacts. it is hypothesized, based on prior work, that study participants exposed to vignettes depicting treated alcohol use disorder with completed response would have the greatest effect on reducing negative attitudes toward persons with alcohol use disorder, followed by treated alcohol use disorder with relapse and untreated and symptomatic alcohol use disorder, and that adverse economic impacts will exacerbate negative attitudes toward persons with alcohol use disorder.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all adults who consider nyakabare their primary place of residence and who are capable of providing consent exclusion criteria: * minors younger than 18 years of age, with the exception of emancipated minors * persons who do not consider nyakabare parish their primary place of residence, e.g., persons who happen to be visiting nyakabare at the time of the survey or who own a home in nyakabare but spend most of their time outside the parish * persons with psychosis, neurological damage, acute intoxication, or other cognitive impairment (all of which are determined informally in the field by non-clinical research staff in consultation with a supervisor)

Keywords: stigma
effects of antenatal education on birth perception, fear, and readiness

Conditions: Childbirth; Fear

Summary: birth is a multi-dimensional and unique experience for every woman, and it is influenced by a woman's social life. fear of childbirth is a common issue that affects women's health and well-being before, during, and after pregnancy. the thought that childbirth will be painful triggers fear of childbirth. fear of childbirth is closely related to the perception of traumatic birth. antenatal education is important in coping with childbirth pain and traumatic birth pain, but the aim of adult education is not just to inform, but also to change individuals' perspectives on events. the transformative learning theory is a model used to change individuals' perspectives on events. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of antenatal education based on the transformative learning theory on traumatic birth perception, fear of childbirth, and birth preparedness in pregnant women. the study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial with 54 participants. data collection forms included a personal information form, the traumatic birth perception scale, the prenatal self-assessment scale, and the wijma birth expectancy/experience scale. the statistical package for the social sciences 23.0 (chicago, illinois) version was used for data analysis. histogram and q-q plots, and the shapiro-wilk test were used to assess the normality of the data distribution. descriptive data regarding women's demographic characteristics were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, and mean values. differences in demographic characteristics between groups were examined using the independent sample t-test, mann-whitney u test, and chi-square test. pre-test and post-test scores of the groups were analyzed using the independent sample t-test. a significance level of p\<0.05 was accepted.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * be between the ages of 20-35 * be in the 30-32 weeks of gestation * be a primigravida * have at least basic literacy skills exclusion criteria: * have any chronic diseases * have any psychiatric disorders * be a high-risk pregnancy * have any communication problems * have communication issues

Keywords: transformative learning pregnancy fear trauma
effect of different dialysis dosage on prognosis in maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients

Conditions: End-stage Renal Disease

Summary: peritoneal dialysis (pd) is an important model of renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease (esrd) patients. thus far, evidence for the initiation dosage of pd treatment is lacking, most patients begin their pd with four 2 l exchanges per day. however, many patients have their residual renal function at the initiation of pd, an 8 l dialysate per day will enhance the toxicity of bioincompatible dialysate and increase the economic burden compared with that of 6 l dialysate per day. thus, the investigators perform a prospective, randomized, controlled, multi-center clinical study. the patients initiation of pd treatment within 6 months are randomized to be assigned to two groups: 6 l of dialysate per day and 8 l of dialysate per day, follow up will be regularly performed until 96 weeks. clinical outcomes such as mortality, complications and life quality between the two groups will be investigated.

to investigate the effect, feasibility and safety of 6l of dialysate per day after initiation of peritoneal dialysis (pd), we perform a prospective, randomized, controlled, multi-center clinical study. the patients initiation of pd treatment within 6 months are randomized to be assigned to two groups: 6l of dialysate per day and 8l of dialysate per day, follow up will be regularly performed at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks, 24 weeks, 36 weeks, 48 weeks, 60 weeks, 72 weeks, 84 weeks and 96 weeks. serum biochemical parameters, kt/v, residual renal function (rrf), life quality and cardiovascular test will be regularly recorded. clinical outcomes such as mortality, technique failure, complications and life quality between the two groups will be investigated.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age from 18 to 80, male or female. 2. end stage renal disease patients (egfr \< 15 ml/min/1.73 m2). 3. maintenance peritoneal dialysis within 6 months after initiation of pd. 4. with informed consent. exclusion criteria: 1. acute renal injury. 2. patients with an expected follow up less than 6 months sch as renal transplantation. 3. transferred from hemodialysis or renal transplantation. 4. residual renal function egfr less than 1 ml/min. 5. hiv positive. 6. cancer patients. 7. unstable organ disease such as active tuberculosis and severe hepatitis. patients with an expected follow up less than 48 weeks, such as planned kidney transplant. 8. other conditions regarded as unsuitability by investigator, such as pregnancy, severe malnutrition and recent peritonitis.

Keywords: renal replacement therapy peritoneal dialysis
norepinephrine as early vasopressor therapy in children undergoing mechanical ventilation

Conditions: Shock; Mechanical Ventilation

Summary: the purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness from early infusion of norepinephrine in pediatric patients submitted to mechanical ventilation for the use of sedative and analgesics drugs.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children, who, in the arrival or during the admission in pediatric intensive care unit, develop the need for mechanical ventilation and continuous infusion of sedatives and/or analgesics exclusion criteria: * patients after cardiac arrest * patients with tracheostomy * patients with renal and/or hepatic failure * patients with previous episode of cardiac arrythmia * patients with mechanical ventilation forecast lesser that four days

Keywords: shock respiration, artificial norepinephrine