Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
executive function training in childhood obesity: food choice, quality of life and brain connectivity

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: this study evaluates if executive function training in obese children can improve food-related choices and produce cognitive and neuroimaging changes, but also improve psychological and physical status and quality of life measures.

based on the limited success of current behavioural weight-loss programmes and coupled with data on executive function deficiencies in obesity, this study aims to explore the impact of executive function training on food-related choices, cognitive and neuroimaging outcomes, but also on the psychological and physical status and quality of life measures. the specific hypotheses are: 1. obese children undergoing the training programme will perform better than those receiving the control programme in cognitive, emotional state, physical activity and quality of life measures at the end of the intervention and follow-up at 12 months. 2. obese children receiving the training programme will take better food-related decisions at the end of the intervention and follow-up at 12 months. 3. obese children receiving the training programme will show changes in brain connectivity, which will be observable immediately at the end of the intervention and during the follow up period at 12 months. 4. there will be an association between changes in neuroimaging biomarkers and food choice, cognitive, emotional, physical and quality of life outcomes in individuals receiving training.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * being obese according to the criteria by cole et al., (2000) exclusion criteria: * neurological, psychiatric or developmental disorder.

Keywords: childhood obesity cognitive training executive function quality of life neuroimaging magnetic resonance connectivity decision making
prevention of the age-related cognitive impairment by exercise and mental activity - berlin bleibt fit

Conditions: Cognition; Mood

Summary: the trial will evaluate the effects of frequent exercise and increased mental activity on the age-related impairment of cognitive function in elderly women. furthermore, we will assess the effects of exercise and mental activity on the mood, physical performance and mental status of participants. we will also search for genetic factors which may be responsible of the observed outcomes.

two-hundred and fifty-two women older than 70 years will be randomize to one of three groups. the first (exercise) will participate at an exercise program three times weekly for 90 minutes. the training will consist of an endurance and resistance training and will be carried out in a group. participants in the second group (mental training) will take computer lessons, three times weekly for 90 minutes. both interventions will be carried out for 26 weeks. participants in the third group (control) will not participate at an structured intervention.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all healthy women older than 70 years with sufficient knowledge of german can participate. exclusion criteria: * chronic mental disorders * chronic neurological, cardiological, pulmonary or renal diseases. * severe osteoarthritis * disorders which can be aggravated by exercise (arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, cold). * cancer in current therapy * treatment with glucocorticoids or cytostatic drugs. * patients who received an organ transplantation * exercise-induced osteoarticular pain

Keywords: cognitive function elderly exercise mental activity
intratympanic injection for autoimmune inner ear disease

Conditions: Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease

Summary: the investigators plan to conduct an open-label intratympanic injection proof-of-concept trial of golimumab, a tnf-alpha inhibitor, assessing for hearing loss progression in patients with autoimmune inner ear disease (aied). this specific aim will be achieved using a two-arm approach. first, the investigators propose to dose 3 individual subjects with a single intratympanic injection of golimumab and follow each for 30 days, closely examining them for adverse events. if there are no serious adverse events, with fda approval, the investigators propose to dose 14 subjects, each with 4 intratympanic injections of golimumab.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of autoimmune inner ear disease (aied) by the principal investigator * idiopathic, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss * history of, or audiograms showing, rapid progression of hearing loss * bilateral loss of at least 30 db in one or more frequencies (0.25 - 6 khz) * hearing responsive on high-dose oral steroids and steroid-dependent, as determined by history and the principal investigator. the subject can be taking oral steroid, at the maintenance level, if enrolled in the first arm and, if enrolled in the second arm, will begin taper after the first injection. * provided written informed consent for participation in the clinical study exclusion criteria: * positive mri for vestibular schwannoma * positive fta (syphilis) * significant middle ear disease (e.g., otitis media) * positive blood test for lyme disease * positive tuberculosis test * concurrent or past treatment or use of medications and/or substances known to cause ototoxicity(for example, aminoglycosides \[e.g., gentamicin\], cisplatin, loop diuretics, yorgason et al., 2006) * known adverse reaction to golimumab, adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, rituximab, ustekinumab, or other biologic immunomodulators * concurrent (within the past 3 months prior to enrollment) live viral intranasal vaccine (flu) * positive test for hiv * positive test for hepatitis b and c * presence of a demyelinating disease, such as multiple sclerosis * women of childbearing potential only: positive serum pregnancy test prior to the only/first injection * active infections

Keywords: autoimmune hearing loss bilateral hearing loss steroid-dependent
ondansetron and blood coagulation

Conditions: Blood Coagulation Disorder

Summary: ondansetron may alter whole blood coagulation. however, little is known about the dose-response relationships according to the blood concentration of ondansetron. the investigators therefore will perform the present study to measure the effect of ondansestron on the blood coagulation pathway according to the drug concentration level using a thromboelastography test.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy vonlunteers * age: 20 to 65 years * body weight \> 50 kg * volunteers who provided informed consent exclusion criteria: * hematologic disease * anticoagulant medication
uterine preservation with acar's atony suture for postpartum uterine hemorrhage

Conditions: Uterine Atony With Hemorrhage; Postpartum Hemorrhage

Summary: this study is aimed to show effectiveness of a new suture technique to stop postpartum uterine bleeding due to uterine atony.

a retrospective study of all women received acar's uterine compressive atony suture between january 2021-november 2023 at a single tertiary hospital with approximately 4000 deliveries per year, was performed. the local protocol for pph due to uterine atony is uterine manual compression, 20 iu of intravenous oxytocin in 500 cc of normal saline at 500 cc/h; 800 µg of misoprostol inserted per rectal. if additional treatment is needed, carbetocin 100mcg in 100 cc of normal saline or tranexamic acid in different posologies are used. if uterine atony persists, intrauterine balloon tamponade or uterine compressive sutures were applied at the discretion of the physician and according to mode of delivery. when uterine compressive suture was performed, original acar's atony suture was applied.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women without systemic disease exclusion criteria: * cardiac disease * rheumatological disease

Keywords: cesarean section compression suture postpartum hemorrhage
efficacy of the c8 nerve root block during interscalene block for anesthesia of the posterior aspect of the shoulder

Conditions: Brachial Plexus Block; Shoulder Pain

Summary: this study evaluates the effects of selective 8th cervical nerve root block during interscalene brachial plexus block on the relief of pain intensity upon the introduction of a posterior portal during arthroscopic shoulder surgery. the 5th to 7th cervical nerve roots will be blocked in half of participants, while the 5th to 8th cervical nerve roots will be blocked in the other half.

by blocking only the 5th to 7th cervical nerve blocks, conventional interscalene brachial plexus block spares the 8th cervical and 1st thoracic dermatomes which innervate the posterior aspect of the shoulder. to visualize the shoulder joint space during shoulder arthroscopic surgery, the introduction of a posterior portal is essential. however, conventional interscalene brachial plexus block cannot effectively relieve the pain caused by its insertion due to sparing of the 8th cervical and 1st thoracic dermatomes. the addition of the 8th cervical nerve root block to conventional interscalene brachial plexus block decreases pain intensity upon the introduction of a posterior portal.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * american society of anesthesiologists physical status 1 and 2 * arthroscopic shoulder surgery under interscalene brachial plexus block exclusion criteria: * patient refusal * contralateral hemidiaphragmatic paralysis or paresis * contralateral vocal cord palsy * severe pulmonary restrictive disease * coagulopathy * allergy to local anesthetics or history of allergic shock * difficulty communicating with medical personnel * peripheral neuropathy or neurologic sequelae on the operative limb

Keywords: 8th cervical nerve root block
phase i azd2281/cisplatin in advanced solid tumour patients

Conditions: Advanced Solid Tumors

Summary: a phase i study to assess the safety and tolerability of azd2281 in combination with cisplatin in patients with advanced solid tumours. this is an open label-dose finding; to establish the maximum tolerated dose of azd2281 combined with cisplatin in patients with advanced solid tumours. approximately 50 (max 60) patients from 2 countries will be enrolled


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * life expectancy of at least 12 weeks * histologically confirmed metastatic cancer, not amenable to surgery or radiation therapy with curative intent * patients with measurable or non measurable disease according to recist exclusion criteria: * less than 28 days from active therapy (ie any treatment used to treat the disease) or high dose radiotherapy * brain metastases or spinal cord compression unless irradiated at least 4 weeks before entry and stable without steroid treatment for \>1 week * persistent ctcae grade 2 or greater toxicities (excluding alopecia) caused by prior therapy

Keywords: advanced solid tumours poly(adp ribose) polymerases homologous deficiency brca1
evaluation of the public health impact of seasonal intermittent preventive treatment (ipt) in children in senegal

Conditions: Malaria

Summary: in areas of seasonal malaria transmission the burden of severe disease and mortality due to malaria is mainly among children under 5 years of age. intermittent preventive treatment (ipt) with antimalarial drugs given to all children once a month during the transmission season is a promising new strategy for malaria prevention. studies in senegal, ghana, mali and the gambia have shown this approach can be highly effective. in senegal, seasonal ipt with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (sp) and one dose of artesunate resulted in a 90% reduction in incidence of clinical malaria in a recent trial in senegal (cisse et al., lancet 2006). the purpose of the present project is to determine the public health impact and cost effectiveness of this intervention when it is delivered through the routine health service to communities in rural areas in senegal. demographic surveillance will be set up in the rural population of three districts (mbour, bambey and fatick) which comprises approximately 540,000 people, including 100,000 children under 5 yrs, and is served by 54 health posts, as an expansion of the area covered by the existing dss of niakhar. information about births, deaths and migrations, household characteristics such as socioeconomic status, and vaccination status of children and their use of bednets, will be recorded in 6-monthly rounds of all households. in selected areas, deaths among children under 10 years will be investigated using verbal autopsies. over four years from september 2008 - november 2011, seasonal ipt (three monthly administrations of sp (sulfalene-pyrimethamine) plus amodiaquine during the transmission season each year to children 3-59 months of age) will be introduced gradually, in a step-wedge design, by 9 health posts in 2008, by an additional 18 posts in 2009, and another 18 in 2010 and 9 in 2011. at the end of each transmission season, a cross-sectional survey of 2400 children under 5 yrs of age, in which finger prick blood samples will be taken, will be used to estimate the prevalence of molecular markers of drug resistance to plasmodium falciparum, the prevalence of anaemia and the nutritional status of children. malaria incidence will be monitored by passive surveillance through health posts, health centres, and hospitals. cost effectiveness will be assessed. due to changes in the epidemiology of malaria in the study area, the upper age limit for inclusion was increased from 5 to 10 years old from september 2009.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 3-119 months at time of first administration of ipt in september * consent of mother or carer and the local community exclusion criteria: * history of allergy to sp or aq * age \ 119 months at time of first administration of ipt in september from 2009, the age for inclusion has been changed from 3-59 months to 3 months to 10 years of age.

Keywords: malaria all causes mortality cost effectiveness
methocarbamol in treatment of muscle cramps in cirrhotic patients

Conditions: Liver Cirrhosis

Summary: muscle cramps markedly affect the quality of life in cirrhotic patients with no highly effective drug. methocarbamol is a central muscle relaxant used to treat skeletal muscle spasms. the mechanism of action of methocarbamol is currently unknown, but may involve the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase. methocarbamol has a high therapeutic index, i.e. a wide range of safe and effective dosages.

muscle cramps markedly affect the quality of life in cirrhotic patients with no highly effective drug. abrams et al compared patients with cirrhosis with those with congestive heart failure and found a significantly higher prevalence of weekly or daily cramps with cirrhosis (22%) vs patients with congestive heart failure (5%). interestingly, there was no difference in diuretic use or dosing between the 2 groups, supporting that factors other than diuretic-mediated effects explained the differences. methocarbamol is a central muscle relaxant used to treat skeletal muscle spasms. the mechanism of action of methocarbamol is currently unknown, but may involve the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase. methocarbamol has a high therapeutic index, i.e. a wide range of safe and effective dosages.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cirrhotic patients with frequent muscle cramps. exclusion criteria: * elderly patients. * encephalopathy
care guides in the primary care office (phase ii)

Conditions: Diabetes; Hypertension; Congestive Heart Failure

Summary: trained lay persons ("care guides") working with chronic disease patients and their providers can help outpatients with diabetes, hypertension, and congestive heart failure achieve standard clinical care goals

in a randomized parallel group multi-site trial looking at achievement of standard recommended treatment goals at baseline and one year later by 2135 patients with diabetes, hypertension, and congestive heart failure, we tested the hypothesis that adding a lay person with brief training to usual care would improve clinical outcomes. these "care guides" were culturally matched to patients served, similar to community health workers, but were located in 6 diverse primary care health clinics where they could meet patients face-to-face. they were asked to assist communication in both directions between providers and patients, taking advantage of their status as non-authority figures. they were given two weeks' training about these diseases and behavior change theory. this intervention was designed to be low cost, easy to implement, and to integrate into rather than change clinic work flow.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ages 18-79 * diagnoses of diabetes, hypertension, and/or congestive heart failure exclusion criteria: * pregnant * unable to understand randomization process

Keywords: care management chronic disease outpatient
mechanical ventilation during cardiopulmonary bypass

Conditions: Congenital Heart Disease; Mechanical Ventilation Complication; Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Summary: the study is about a protocol of protective mechanical ventilation during cardiopulmonary bypass used during cardiosurgery for the correction of congenital heart diseases, to evaluate what's the best for the lungs


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * congenital heart diseases * younger than 5 years * cpb longer than 30 minutes in hypotermia * elective surgery * stable clinical conditions exclusion criteria: * genetic anomalies * mechanical ventilation before the surgery * kidney injuries * hepatic failure
to evaluate success of cement treatment of spinal compression fractures

Conditions: Back Pain

Summary: patients with vertebral compression fracture will be treated cement injection into the spine and monitored using standard evaluations.

patients with vertebral compression fracture will be diagnosed and treated with balloon kyphoplasty. pain and functional status will be assessed at baseline, 1-, 12-, and 24-months post-operatively using vas pain scale, oswestry disability index, and sf-36.

Eligibility criteria:
vertebral compression fracture
postural control and fine motor skills in people with stroke

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: this study evaluates the relationship between seated posture and fine motor performance in a drawing task in people with stroke and in healthy control subjects.

current stroke rehabilitation practice guidelines support an interprofessional approach which integrates discipline-specific goals into a comprehensive plan of care. however, there has been a failure to implement interprofessional guidelines into today's stroke rehabilitation clinical practice. instead it is common that one discipline focuses on recovery of posture, while another discipline focuses on recovery of fine motor skills. the investigators argue that control of the hand is not independent from postural control. in fact, treating them separately ignores the kinematic and muscular linkages connecting the trunk to the hand via the scapula and proximal arm. it also ignores evidence that postural and hand muscles have overlapping cortical representations thus likely have similar neural control networks. hence, the overall goal of this project is to demonstrate the relationship of posture and fine motor skills to advance stroke rehabilitation. the study will include two groups, stroke survivors and neurologically healthy controls, and both will perform a tracing task while seated on a backless bench. the task will be performed twice, at baseline and after giving participants cues to improve their posture. both task repetitions will be performed in a single session on the same day. kinetic and kinematic data will be collected to evaluate posture, postural stability and fine motor performance. data collected at baseline will be used to examine the relationship between postural impairments and fine motor deficits. additionally, we will evaluate the effects of postural cues on body segment alignment, stability and fine motor performance.

Eligibility criteria:
stroke survivors: inclusion criteria: * experienced uni-hemispheric ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke 3 mo - 7 yrs prior * ability to grasp and hold a stylus for the duration of the experiments * passive motion throughout the paretic ue within 20° of normal * dominant side affected exclusion criteria: * lesion in brainstem or cerebellum * presence of other neuro-disease impairing motor skills * unable to understand 3-step directions * pain, orthopedic condition or impaired corrected vision that would alter reaching healthy controls: inclusion criteria: * no history of stroke or incomplete spinal cord injury * no medical, orthopedic, neurological, or uncorrected visual condition that would limit the ability to participate in upper extremity testing exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: stroke rehabilitation upper extremity posture
origin of premature atrial beats induced by simulated obstructive sleep apnea

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Atrial Premature Complexes

Summary: there is accumulating evidence for obstructive sleep apnea (osa) as an independent risk factor for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and for high recurrence rates of atrial fibrillation after ablation therapy. we have previously shown that simulated osa triggers premature atrial beats (pabs) by acute changes in intra-thoracic pressure. most episodes of atrial fibrillation are initiated by pabs. however, the origin of pabs induced by intra-thoracic pressure swings is unknown. this study investigates the origin of premature atrial beats induced by intra-thoracic pressure changes that simulate obstructive sleep apnea in patients with atrial fibrillation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * history of ecg-documented paroxysmal atrial fibrillation within the last 12 months and currently in sinus rhythm * scheduled for circumferential pulmonary venous isolation treatment * 18 to 75 years of age * signed informed consent exclusion criteria: * treated with class iii anti-arrhythmic agents (at the moment of pulmonary venous isolation) * treated for obstructive sleep apnea * previous catheter ablation in the pulmonary veins or left atrium * severe structural heart disease * mental or physical disability precluding informed consent or compliance with the protocol * enrolled in another study that would confound the results of this trial

Keywords: atrial fibrillation obstructive sleep apnea atrial premature complexes pulmonary vein isolation mueller manoeuvre