Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
dexmedetomidine as adjuvant for suprazygomatic maxillary nerve block in children's adenotonsillectomy

Conditions: Adenotonsillectomy

Summary: the goal of this clinic trial is to evaluate the impact of dexmedetomidine as an adjunct pain pain medication on opioid-free recovery in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy with suprazygomatic maxillary nerve block (szmb). the main questions it aims to answer are: * does szmb with the local anesthetic ropivacaine and the adjuvant dexmedetomidine result in less pain * is dexmedetomidine associated with an improved quality of recovery at home researchers will compare pain in participants given an szmb with ropivacaine and an adjuvant dexmedetomidine, participants given szmb with ropivacaine only, and a szmb with ropivacaine and dexmedetomidine given intravenously. participants will: * be given the szmb during the surgery. * be evaluated after surgery to measure their opioid consumption, pain severity, level of agitation, and level of delirium * complete a daily questionnaire for 7 days after surgery on the patients pain and recovery


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * scheduled for elective partial adenotonsillectomy, * stubr score ≥ 3, indicating significant sleep-disordered breathing * patients whose parents are fluent in french of english will be enrolled exclusion criteria: * scheduled to undergo total extracapsular adenotonsillectomy or adenoidectomy-only procedures * patient requires prolonged intubation postoperatively * the anesthesiologist does not adhere to the standardized anesthesia protocol * patients with neurological or cardiac congenital deficits, with cardiac arrhythmias (non-sinus rhythm), implanted pacemakers, on chronic therapy with drugs that have known effects on sympathetic and parasympathetic activity (antimuscarinics, beta-2 adrenergic agonists, alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists or antiarrhythmic agents, tricyclic antidepressants) * asa physical status iii or higher * parent/legal guardians refuses to participate * patients scheduled for surgery without an appointment at the montreal children's hospital (mch) preoperative clinic will not be enrolled in the study.

Keywords: pain opioid-free recovery suprazygomatic maxillary nerve block
racial discrimination, pain, and the buffering influences of acknowledgment

Conditions: Pain, Acute

Summary: black young adults (aged 18-30; n = 92) were racially included (i.e., received the ball an equal number of times) or excluded (i.e., received the ball only once) by other white players in a ball-tossing computer game called cyberball; white experimenters acknowledged the exclusion for half of the excluded participants. participants completed a cold-pressor task twice to measure pain sensitivity (threshold, tolerance, and unpleasantness): immediately prior, and after the cyberball (and acknowledgment) manipulation. participants also completed a post-manipulation survey examining the psychological effects of racial exclusion and acknowledgment (i.e., psychological needs satisfaction, negative affect, control).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants identify as black/african american * age 18-30 exclusion criteria: * past 30-day persistent pain * cardiovascular or circulatory disorders * diabetes * current pregnancy * open sores/frostbite on nondominant hand

Keywords: discrimination racism
safety and tolerability study of lu af35700 after repeated dosing in patients with schizophrenia

Conditions: Schizophrenia

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the tolerability and safety of lu af35700 after repeated oral dosing to patients with schizophrenia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men or women between 18 and 60 years (extremes included) * bmi of ≤38 * primary diagnosis of schizophrenia according to dsm-iv-tr™ (codes 295.10, 295.20, 295.30, 295.90) * clinical global impression - severity of illness (cgi-s) score ≤4 (moderately ill) at screening and baseline * panss total score ≤80 * score ≤4 (moderate) on the following panss items at screening and safety baseline: p7 (hostility), g8 (uncooperativeness) * willing to be hospitalised for 4 to 5 weeks after the safety baseline visit exclusion criteria: * the patient experienced an acute exacerbation requiring hospitalization within the last 6 months * the patient experienced an acute exacerbation requiring change in antipsychotic medication (with reference to drug or dose) within the last 4 weeks * the patient has a diagnosis or history of substance dependence (except nicotine) or substance abuse according to dsm-iv-tr® criteria ≤3 months prior to screening * the patient smokes \>20 cigarettes per day other protocol-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria may apply
reducing atrial pacing rate to reduce atrial fibrillation in patients with sick sinus syndrome.

Conditions: Sinus Node Disease; Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: atrial fibrillation (af) is prevalent in patients with sick sinus syndrome (sss) and associated with an increased risk of stroke and death. within the first two years after pacemaker implantation almost half of the patients are diagnosed with af. studies have indicated that an increased amount of stimulation from the pacemaker in the atria is associated with an increased amount of af. the aim of the present study is to test the hypothesis that a reduction of stimulation from the pacemaker in the atria, and reducing the minimal heart rate, increases the time to af.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * sick sinus syndrome with and without av block and indication for first-time implantation of a ddd pacemaker: symptomatic sinus pauses (\>2 sec) or bradycardia with or without paroxysmal af. * age ≥18 years. * patient informed consent. exclusion criteria: * permanent or persisting (\>7 days) af prior to implantation. * persisting symptomatic sinus bradycardia and/or chronotropic incompetence where ddd-pacing at a frequency of \>40 bpm is indicated (verified with long term ecg monitoring). * life expectancy \<2 years. * participation in another interventional research study. * indication for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (icd) or cardiac resynchronization therapy (crt). * pregnancy.

Keywords: sinus node disease atrial fibrillation pacing
a double-blind, placebo controlled trial of risperidone for the treatment of anorexia nervosa

Conditions: Anorexia Nervosa

Summary: the aim of this pilot study is to determine the safety and efficacy of risperidone for the treatment of anorexia nervosa. hypothesis 1: subjects on risperidone will show a more significant decrease in body image distortion and eating disorder inventory -2 scores than subjects on placebo. hypothesis 2: subjects on risperidone will reach and maintain at or above 90% ideal body weight sooner than controls.

the lack of effective medications for the symptoms of anorexia nervosa (an), combined with early promising findings in case reports (risperidone and olanzapine) and one open study of olanzapine have led to increased use of these medications for individuals with an. this double-blind placebo controlled study of risperidone will attempt to determine if risperidone is effective in decreasing core symptoms of anorexia nervosa and decreasing the length of time required to reach and maintain at or about 90% ideal body weight. the safety of risperidone in this population will also be examined through monitoring of extrapyramidal symptoms, tardive dyskinesia, electrocardiograms's, resting energy expenditure, liver enzymes and other blood chemistry. other possible variables which may mediate the recovery process or be impacted by risperidone,such as leptin and anxiety symptoms are also being measured.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * primary diagnosis of anorexia nervosa * female, age 12-21 * active in a level of care for an at the children's hospital, denver * as long as there is a primary dx of an, co-morbid diagnoses may be included. * if taking an antidepressant, must be on a stable dose for 3 weeks prior to entering the study, and dose of antidepressant may not be changed during phase 1 of the study. * if choosing to discontinue antidepressant medication, must be off the medication for 3 weeks prior to beginning the study. * if sexually active, must use birth control during the study and have a monthly pregnancy test. exclusion criteria: * previous enrollment in this study on a prior admission * previous allergic reaction to risperidone or other atypical neuroleptic * positive pregnancy test * neurologic disorder other than benign essential tremor * taking a psychotropic medication other than antidepressant and discontinuing the medication is not recommended. * active hepatic or renal disease * wards of the state * males

Keywords: anorexia nervosa risperidone atypical neuroleptics dopamine leptin body image adolescents
impact of beetroot juice ingestion on female rugby performance

Conditions: Nitric Oxide; Placebo

Summary: rugby is a team sport characterized by high-intermittent efforts, due to the importance of realizing intermittent and explosive efforts in rugby the use of nutritional strategies such as beetroot ingestion should be explored with the aim to enhance the capacity for repeating high-intensity actions in female players.

rugby is a team sport characterized by high-intermittent efforts, thus, to the importance of realizing intermittent and explosive efforts in field hockey is crucial. for this reason, the use of nutritional strategies in field hockey should be explored with the aim to enhance the capacity for repeating high-intensity actions. however, scientific evidence supports only a few numbers of dietary supplements that have reported good evidence for improving sports performance, between we can mention beetroot juice supplementation with doses \> 5 mmol of no3-. beetroot juice is a no3- precursor with recognized effectiveness to elicit performance due to different physiological mechanisms associated with its ingestion such as increment in vasodilatation, skeletal muscle contractility, or delaying fatigue development that could be linked with an enhance or performance in team-sports athletes. however, the majority of the studies has been realized in male athletes being female athletes underrepresented in beetroot juice supplementation research. thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of beetroot juice ingestion on neuromuscular performance in female rugby players.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * more than 5 years of rugby training experience. * active rugby player exclusion criteria: * concurrently participating in other studies. * contraindications to beetroot juice ingestion. * physical limitations, health problems, or musculoskeletal injuries.

Keywords: dietary supplements nitrate sports performance
patient comfort during high flow nasal cannula versus nasal continuous airway pressure (cpap)

Conditions: Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn; Medical Device Discomfort

Summary: preterm children are at increased risk for developing lung disease due to immature lungs. non-invasive ventilation (niv) support is increasingly used as treatment. nasal continuous positive airway pressure (ncpap) is the most common niv-mode. recently, high flow nasal cannulas (hfnc) have become an alternative niv-mode. both ncpap and hfnc provide increased pressure in the airways aiming to keep the lungs open. with ncpap it is common to use short binasal prongs that fill the nostrils completely and are pressed tightly over the nose. with hfnc oxygen/air is administered via two small, thin cannulas located just inside the nostrils, but the nostrils are not blocked. the aim of this study is to compare patient comfort in premature infants treated with ncpap and hfnc. the investigators hypothesis is that hfnc increases patient comfort. the study is a randomized cross over study (2 x 24 hours). children eligible for inclusion should be born before 34 weeks of gestation and have moderate respiratory distress, thus be "in need" of ncpap. during the study period (48 hours) the investigators will consider how the child tolerates treatment with ncpap versus hfnc. primary outcome is patient comfort assessed with the edin-score (neonatal pain and comfort score). secondary outcomes are stress hormone response (cortisol in saliva), surrounding noise and parental satisfaction. the child's breathing pattern will be carefully monitored. the study involves no extra painful investigations. the investigators plan to recruit 20 patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * preterm infants admitted to the nicu at university hospital of north norway, tromsoe, norway (single center study) * gestational age (ga) \< 34 weeks * corrected age \< 34 weeks * receiving nasal cpap for respiratory distress * respiratory "stable": fio2 \ 7.25. * ga \< 29 weeks: respiratory "stable" over last 72 h. * ga 29-33 weeks: respiratory "stable" over last 24 h. exclusion criteria: 1. congenital anomalies 2. ongoing treatment for hypoglycemia or infection 3. other intercurrent disease requiring frequent blood sampling

Keywords: high flow nasal cannula discomfort
implicit learning in stroke study

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: this trial will compare an implicit learning approach (ila) to usual care, during the rehabilitation of mobility post stroke. it is a multicentre, assessor blind, cluster randomised controlled pilot trial, with embedded feasibility study. it also includes a nested qualitative evaluation, designed to explore the views of participants and therapists.

re-gaining the ability to stand, step and walk are common goals for people with stroke. during rehabilitation, therapists often tell people how to move, e.g. "straighten your knee when you're standing", or "lift your foot as you step". however, these types of specific instructions may not help people to learn new skills. reducing the number of instructions or using simpler instructions may help people to learn in a more automatic way - e.g. through trial and error. this is called implicit learning. there is very little evidence into implicit learning in stroke. this study will investigate whether patients recover the ability stand, step and walk following stroke better when they are given fewer and simpler instructions. we will do this using a cluster randomised design. we will invite up to 8 stroke units to take part - half will continue to deliver usual rehabilitation, and half will adopt an implicit learning approach (ila) for the duration of the trial. which one of the two approaches the unit delivers will be chosen at random. at the ila sites, therapists will be trained to deliver rehabilitation using fewer and less complex instructions. all patients at each unit will receive their rehabilitation using the allocated approach. this helps to ensure that the therapy teams manage to deliver the interventions effectively. we will ask individual patients for permission to complete additional assessments, which form part of the study. some participants and clinicians will be interviewed at the end of the study, to find out what they thought about the intervention. this is a pilot study, meaning that we are testing how well this works as a research method. we will not know for certain which approach is best, but it will tell us how we should design a larger trial that will give a clear answer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of stroke, presenting with hemiplegia * within 14 days of stroke onset * medically stable * able to... * tolerate daily therapy for a minimum of 30 minutes per session * sit for more than 5 seconds without support * understand and follow 1 stage commands exclusion criteria: * previous stroke with residual impairments * other neurological diagnosis (e.g. parkinsons disease, multiple sclerosis) * clinically relevant pre-morbid disability levels
robotic versus thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer

Conditions: Esophageal Cancer

Summary: esophageal cancer is a debilitating condition. the treatment involved is complex requiring a combination of chemotherapy and surgery in most cases. complete removal of the tumor and the adjacent lymph nodes is of utmost importance in improving the survival. lymph node yield following surgery helps in proper staging of the disease and is an important prognosticating variable. it is hypothesized that the lymph node yield following robotic esophagectomy is higher than that following thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy. the study aims to compare the short term oncological outcomes following robotic esophagectomy and thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy for carcinoma esophagus.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * resectable esophageal carcinoma, either squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma in the middle or lower part the esophagus exclusion criteria: * american society of anesthesiologists (asa) class 4 and above * esophagectomy for other non-malignant conditions

Keywords: esophagectomy robotic esophagectomy laparoscopic esophagectomy minimally invasive esophagectomy ivor lewis esophagectomy mckeown's esophagectomy
'optiflow + duet' interface' vs 'standard' high flow nasal cannula

Conditions: Hypoxemia

Summary: high-flow nasal cannula (hfnc) therapy is increasingly used in the management of acute respiratory failure. its clinical application has been largely investigated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) patients but only marginally in patients experiencing acute respiratory failure after extubation. promising data have been published in vitro about new asymmetrical high flow nasal cannula, named 'optiflow + duet'. positive airway pressure, that dynamically changes with breathing, and clearance of anatomical dead space are the key mechanisms of noninvasive respiratory support with nasal high flow. pressure mainly depends on flow rate and nare occlusion. the hypothesis is that an increase in asymmetrical occlusion of the nares leads to an improvement in dead-space clearance resulting in a reduction in re-breathing and breathing work.

a prospective cross-over rct on the effects of 'optiflow + duet' as compared to convetional symmetrical high flow cannula and venturi mask.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \>18 years old; * invasive mechanical ventilation \> 24h; * acute respiratory failure within 120 minutes after extubation (defined during a spontaneous trial using venturi mask and assessing a pao2/fio2 ratio \< 300; * absence of sars-cov-2 positivity; * absence of cardiological or long-term respiratory disease exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * tracheostomy * non-invasive ventilation after extubation * second tracheal intubation * contraindications for eit belt * facial or nose abnormalities

Keywords: asymmetrical nasal cannula hypoxemia duet
safety and efficacy study of ceftolozane/tazobactam to treat ventilated nosocomial pneumonia (mk-7625a-008)

Conditions: Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia; Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia; Lung Diseases

Summary: this is a phase 3, multicenter, prospective, randomized study of intravenous (iv) ceftolozane/tazobactam versus iv meropenem in the treatment of adult participants with either ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (vabp) or ventilated hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (habp). the primary objective is to demonstrate the non-inferiority of ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem in adult participants with ventilated nosocomial pneumonia (vnp) based on the difference in day 28 all-cause mortality rates in the intent-to-treat (itt) population using a non-inferiority margin of 10%.


Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * adult participants diagnosed with either vabp or ventilated habp requiring iv antibiotic therapy; * intubated and on mechanical ventilation at the time of randomization; * new or progressive infiltrate on chest radiography consistent with pneumonia; * presence of clinical criteria consistent with a diagnosis of ventilated nosocomial pneumonia. key exclusion criteria: * history of moderate or severe hypersensitivity reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics; * prior non-study antibiotics for \> 24 hours; * gram stain of lower respiratory tract specimen showing only gram positive bacteria; * active immunosuppression; * end-stage renal disease or requirement for dialysis; * expected survival \< 72 hours; * severe confounding respiratory condition (i.e., chest trauma with paradoxical respiration); * known or suspected community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. * anticipated concomitant use of any of the following medications during the course of study therapy: valproic acid or divalproex sodium. anticipated concomitant use of serotonin re-uptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin 5-ht1 receptor agonists (triptans), meperidine, or buspirone during the course of linezolid treatment. * receipt of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor within 14 days prior to the first dose of study drug or anticipated concomitant use during the course of linezolid therapy.
covid-19 in baselland: validation of simple and accurate tests for covid-19 detection, monitoring and tracing (accurate-bl-covid-19)

Conditions: Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Summary: this study is to establish an accurate, robust and easily scalable covid-19 viral nucleic acid analysis platform from, but not limited to, saliva to help enable and support contact tracing in the canton of baselland/ switzerland. to achieve this, crude ribonucleotide acid (rna) extraction from saliva is validated in combination with next-generation sequencing (ngs) diagnostics and loop mediated amplification (lamp) assays as well as point of care test (poct) for rapid detection of viral antigens on patients' samples.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * symptomatic patients getting tested for covid-19 exclusion criteria: * mentally incompetent adults

Keywords: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) assay point of care tests (poct) next-generation sequencing (ngs) method contact tracing transmission chains crude rna extraction from saliva loop mediated amplification (lamp) assay viral nucleic acid analysis platform