Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
a potential role for oxygen in the development of mental fatigue and the subsequent decline in cognitive performance

Conditions: Mental Fatigue; Near Infrared Spectroscopy; NIRS; Hypoxia; Cerebral Heamodynamics; Cognition

Summary: introduction both mental fatigue (mf) and hypoxia impair multiple aspects of cognitive functioning. the decline in cognitive functioning in hypoxic conditions is associated with alterations in brain oxygenation and hemodynamic responses. these hemodynamic responses are preferably measured at the prefrontal cortex, an area of the brain that is known for its executive function and role in decision making, planning, attention and (short-term) memory. this study will investigate the role of prefrontal cortex oxygenation during the development of mental fatigue and during cognitive performances by altering the ambient oxygen availability through normobaric hypoxia (3800m; 12,9% o2) and normoxia. methods subjects will perform four trials in a sound-insulated climate chamber (20°c and 40% rh). upon entry in the climatic chamber participants will adapt to the environment for 30 minutes. next, they will perform a modified cognitive test battery "cognition", a fine motor task "motor performance series" and a visuomotor-fitlight task before and after a 60-minute individualized stroop task or control task (randomized. blinded, placebo controlled, counter-balanced, cross-over design). nearinfrared spectroscopy (nirs) will be used to assess hemodynamic changes (oxygenated hemoglobin (o2hb), deoxygenated-hemoglobin (hhb) and total hemoglobin (thb)) at the pfc. hypotheses 1) mf will lead to earlier changes in the prefrontal nirs-parameters (o2hb, hhb, thb) with lower oxygen availability. 2) the effects of mf on cognitive performance manifest itself to a greater extent with lower oxygen availability.3) visuomotor performance declines to a greater extent due to mf with lower oxygen availability.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy (no neurological or cardiovascular disorders) * male or female * no medication * non-smoker * between 18 and 35 years old * recreational athlete population; performance level 2 or 3 for men according to de pauw et al. (2013)\[29\] and performance level 2 or 3 for woman according to decroix et al. (2015) * non-acclimatized to altitude (at least 2 months) exclusion criteria: * injuries * acclimated to altitude * use of medication * use of caffeine and heavy efforts 24 hours prior each trial * not eating a standardized meal, the morning of each trial
buce versus bume as conditioning therapy in non-hodgkin's lymphoma

Conditions: Non-hodgkin Lymphoma

Summary: the investigators developed a protocol comparing busulfan/cyclophosphamide/etoposide (buce) and busulfan/melphalan/etoposide (bume) regimen as a conditioning for high-dose therapy (hdt) in the patients with high risk or relapsed non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl).

intravenous busulfan containing regimens as conditioning regimen have been used for both allogeneic and autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with hematologic and non-hematologic malignancies. the investigators have previously studied that conditioning regimen of i.v. busulfan/melphalan/etoposide (bume) was well tolerated and effective in patients with relapsed or high risk nhl. and busulfan/cyclophosphamide/etoposide (buce) conditioning regimen has been extensively utilized in asct for nhl. therefore, based on the encouraging results, the investigators will conduct a randomized phase ii multicenter trial of buce versus bume as conditioning therapy for asct in patients with nhl.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. histologically confirmed aggressive nhl 2. mantle cell lymphoma 3. salvage chemotherapy sensitive relapse/refractory nhl or high risk nhl with remission in induction chemotherapy 4. performance status: eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) 0-2. 5. age; 18-65 6. adequate renal function: serum creatinine ≤ 1.5mg/dl 7. adequate liver functions: transaminase (ast/alt) \< 3 x upper normal value \& bilirubin \< 2 x upper normal value exclusion criteria: 1. low grade nhl 2. any other malignancies within the past 5 years except curatively treated non-melanoma skin cancer or in situ carcinoma of cervix uteri 3. other serious illness or medical conditions * unstable cardiac disease despite treatment, myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to study entry * history of significant neurological or psychiatric disorders * active uncontrolled infection (viral, bacterial or fungal infection) 4. pregnant or lactating women, women of childbearing potential not employing adequate contraception 5. hiv (+) 6. patients who have hepatitis b virus (hbv) (+) are eligible. however, primary prophylaxis using antiviral agents (i.e. lamivudine) is recommended for hbv carrier to prevent hbv reactivation during whole treatment period -
promoting improved functioning among people experiencing stressful situations

Conditions: Acute Stress Reaction

Summary: the icover intervention was developed to rapidly restore functioning in individuals experiencing an acute stress reaction (asr). icover is undergoing widespread adoption but has not been tested for efficacy. icover was designed to be administered by peers, paraprofessionals, or medical personnel in 60-120 seconds, including in military operational environments. the term icover is an acronym that summarizes the six specific steps of the intervention: (1) identify that an individual is experiencing an asr; (2) connect with the individual through word, eye contact, and physical touch to draw them back to the present moment; (3) offer commitment so that the individual feels less psychologically isolated and withdrawn (e.g., "i'm right here with you"); (4) verify facts - ask simple fact-based questions to engage the individual in deliberate cognitive activity; (5) establish order of events - briefly review what has happened, what is happening, and what will happen to orient the individual; and (6) request action to re-engage the individual in purposeful behavior. participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: icover, usual care, or physical presence with reassurance. investigators have elected to use two different control conditions, in order to examine the reliability of the icover intervention in comparison with two typical responses to individuals experiencing an asr (i.e., physical presence with reassurance, no specific treatment).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ≥ 18 years and ≤ 50 years of age (if age not known, appears to be) * in the emergency department as a patient or loved one of a patient * if a patient, anticipated to be discharged to home from the emergency department after evaluation * exhibiting visible signs of distress richmond agitation and sedation scale ((rass) (+1 to +3)) or dissociation (awake and alert but reduced responsiveness) * likely able to speak english exclusion criteria: * known pregnancy * prisoner or in custody * known history of psychosis or bipolar disorder * known or suspected drug intoxication * known history of substantial cognitive impairment * known or suspected altered mental status due to traumatic brain injury * known active psychosis, suicidal ideation, or homicidal ideation * unable to use both hands (e.g. due to sprain) * any other history or condition that would, in the site investigator's judgement, indicate that the individual would very likely be non-compliant with the study or unsuitable for the study (e.g. might interfere with the study, confound interpretation, or endanger participant)

Keywords: trauma acute stress disorder acute stress reaction post traumatic stress post traumatic stress disorder substantial distress dissociation distress neurocognitive function
prevention of chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure with goserelin in premenopausal lymphoma patients

Conditions: Premature Ovarian Failure

Summary: to prevent chemotherapy induced ovarian failure with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist goserelin in young female lymphoma cancer patients receiving chemotherapy

design: study will be prospective interventional simple randomized control parallel open label arms and interventions arm 1: goserelin plus standard chemotherapy goserelin will be given as a 3.6 mg subcutaneous injection in the abdominal wall every 4 weeks (28 ± 3 days) plus standard chemotherapy at start of regimen for 3 months (26) arm 2 (control arm): standard chemotherapy patients will take only standard chemotherapy for 3 months setting: oncology department beni suef university hospital sample size: 80 patients (based on the results from the literature and to ensure a power of 80% and a type i error probability of 5%. we calculate effect size primary outcome measures evaluating ovarian function by: at the start of treatment and after 3 cycles chemotherapy treatment and at end of 6 cycles chemotherapy through: * fsh level (follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh)) * estradiol level * amh level follow up time time frame 1 year follow up after chemotherapy secondary outcome measures: * overall all response determined by tumor assessments from radiological tests including one of the following (computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging positron-emission tomography or physical examinations according recil 2017 criteria. * adverse events (sweating, hot flushes, vaginal bleeding, vaginal dryness. headaches)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: female lymphoma patients will be included in the study if they meet the following criteria: 1. confirmed lymphoma cancer radiological and pathological or by clinical evaluation receiving chemotherapy treatment 2. normal fsh-level , estradiol level (fsh levels less than 10iu/l at the time of random assignment) 3. female age between 17- 40 years 4. written informed consent exclusion criteria: the patients will be excluded from the study if they have the following criteria: 1. known hypersensitivity reaction to the investigational compounds or incorporated substances 2. primary ovarian dysfunction, previous history of amenorrhea \>3 months 3. age \> 40 4. pregnant or lactating patients, prior use of hormonal contraceptives has to be discontinued before first goserelin injection 5. patients who are unlikely to comply with trial requirements (eg, confusion, psychological or mood disturbances ,alcoholism, vaginitis, vaginal bleeding, cardiac arrhythmia)
prospective cohort of single-dose radiotherapy for painful bone lesions in multiple myeloma

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Summary: multiple myeloma is a plasma cell neoplasm that can cause painful bone lesions. the main treatment for these lesions and pain control is radiotherapy, usually in daily fractions. in 2017, a phase iii study proved the effectiveness of using a single dose of 8 gy, but without description of several important oncological outcomes. this is a single-arm prospective cohort study. this study aims to describe these outcomes, including retreatment rate and bone events. also, as secondary objectives, describe the quality of life and use of analgesic medications in this population.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * biopsy of plasma cell neoplasm with bone lesion treatable with radiotherapy; * age between 18 and 85 years old; * performance on the ecog scale less than or equal to 2. * not using systemic therapies for 4 weeks or being on maintenance therapy with the same drug for at least 4 weeks before radiotherapy. exclusion criteria: * refusing to sign or inability to understand the consent term; * pain less than 2/10 on the numeric pain rating scale; * change in systemic treatment scheme, including use of bone metabolism modulation drugs, up to 4 weeks before radiotherapy treatment; * technical incapacity for the treatment, including, but not limited to, weight greater than 115kg, inability to abduct the limb to be treated in appendicular bones, intolerable pain to remain in the treatment position; * previous cancer and previous oncological treatments; * previous autoimmune diseases, even if controlled; * current pregnancy.

Keywords: multiple myeloma palliative care radiotherapy
study to determine if the valiant stent graft is safe and effective in treating patients who have a blunt thoracic aortic injury

Conditions: Blunt Thoracic Aortic Injury

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if the valiant stent graft is safe and effective in treating patients who have a blunt thoracic aortic injury (btai). btai is when the aorta has been injured due to traumatic force to the chest area. it is commonly caused by motor vehicle accidents. in most cases it is life threatening and the standard treatment is surgery. many times when a person has a btai they also have other injuries that can affect the results of the surgery. since stent grafting has been an effective way to treat other aortic conditions such as aneurysms (bulge in aorta wall), it is believed that the valiant stent graft would be effective in treating btai. a stent graft is a woven polyester tube (graft) supported by a metal frame of strong but flexible nitinol (type of metal) springs (stent) that is placed in the aorta to help seal the injury and keep it from bleeding.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria * subject had a blunt thoracic aortic injury which: * was confirmed, at a minimum, by diagnostic contrast-enhanced computerized tomography angiogram (cta) and/or contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiogram (mra) * occurred no more than 30 days prior to the stent implant procedure * subject was ≥ 18 years of age * subject or subject's legally authorized representative signed an irb approved informed consent * subject was hemodynamically stable * subject's anatomy met all of the following anatomical criteria: * aortic diameter (adventitia to adventitia) of the proximal and distal landing zones between 18 mm and 44 mm * subject had patent iliac or femoral arteries or could tolerate an iliac conduit that allowed endovascular access to the injury site with the delivery system of the appropriate sized device * the centerline distance from the distal margin of left common carotid artery (lcc) to the injury was ≥ 20 mm exclusion criteria * planned placement of the covered portion of the stent graft over the celiac axis or the lcc, or in cases of bovine anatomy, innominate artery * subject had systemic infection * subject was pregnant * subject had received a previous stent or stent graft or previous surgical repair in the dta * subject had a history of bleeding diathesis, coagulopathy, or refuses blood transfusion * subject was participating in an investigational drug or device clinical trial which would interfere with the endpoints and/or follow-ups of this study * subject had a known allergy or intolerance to the device components * subject had a known hypersensitivity or contraindication to anticoagulants or contrast media, which was not amenable to pre-treatment * subject was in extremis, defined as subject that had non-survivable injury/condition * subject had a cerebral vascular accident (cva) within two (2) months prior to implant procedure

Keywords: thoracic aneurysm thoracic transection endovascular aortic repair
resistance training in hfpef

Conditions: Heart Failure Preserved Ejection Fraction

Summary: the objective of this proposal is to determine the effect of resistance exercise training on locomotor muscle function, exercise capacity, exertional symptoms, and quality of life in hf patients with preserved ejection fraction (hfpef).

in this randomized controlled pilot study of resistance exercise training in patients with hfpef, the investigators will recruit 24 hfpef patients who will be randomized to resistance exercise training (rt - n=12) or no resistance exercise training (standard care control group \[ctl\] - n=12). the investigators will have baseline and follow-up measures of clinical characteristics, leg muscle strength, quality of life, lean muscle mass (body composition via dxa including segmental lean mass), maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (peak vo2, peak work, ventilatory efficiency), constant-load submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise test with speckle tracking echocardiography (exertional dyspnea and fatigue at matched workloads, cardiac output, diastolic function, left ventricular strain, ventilation, gas exchange, and locomotor muscle neural feedback). participants will be asked to make 4 separate study visits. those randomized to undergo resistance training will be expected to make those visits as well.

Eligibility criteria:
all patients will be managed by their primary care physician or cardiologist with additional review and oversight by dr. borlaug (co-investigator) prior to enrollment to ensure adequacy of inclusion and exclusion criteria and that participation in exercise testing and resistance exercise training is safe. inclusion criteria, includes: * clinical diagnosis of hfpef. * patients 18-80 yrs old with a history stable (no medication changes in past 6 weeks (w/duration of diagnosis \>6 months). * new york heart association class i-iii. * ejection fraction ≥40%. * current non-smokers with \<15 pack year history. * non-pregnant women, and individuals who are able to exercise (i.e. without orthopedic limitations or neuromuscular disorders). exclusion criteria, includes: * patient refusal to participate. * significant orthopedic or neuromuscular limitations * significant cognitive impairment * hemoglobin \< 7.0 g/d.

Keywords: resistance training exercise heart failure preserved ejection fraction
mechanisms of insulin resistance in humans

Conditions: Inflammation; Insulin Resistance

Summary: the objectives of the study are to: (1)compare the inflammatory response and insulin resistance in skeletal muscles during a systemic infusion of lipid with that during a local infusion of lipid into the femoral artery. which would cause minimal or no systemic hyperlipidemia but local plasma free fatty acid (ffa) concentrations similar to those during the systemic lipid infusion, and (2) determine the inflammatory response and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle during an infusion of lipid into the femoral artery as described above after nf-kb inhibition by high dose salicylate treatment in humans.

insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is a characteristic abnormality in obesity and the metabolic syndrome and a major factor responsible for the development of type 2 diabetes. although the mechanisms responsible for muscle insulin resistance are largely unclear, lipid oversupply is an important factor. among numerous potential mechanisms whereby lipid oversupply may cause muscle insulin resistance, current evidence points towards inflammation as being critical. recent studies in animals, however, indicate that the inflammatory response in skeletal muscles may require the presence of circulating pro-inflammatory factors suggesting that the inflammation induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscles may be a secondary event. more specifically, activation of nuclear factor-kappa b(nf-kb), and inflammatory master switch that drives the production of numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines in fat and liver, has been implicated in causing insulin resistance in skeletal muscles by increasing circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. in contrast, animal studies have found that activation of nf-kb directly in skeletal muscles has no or little effect on its insulin sensitivity but does produce other abnormalities such as increased proteasome activity. the study shall therefore be undertaken to determine to what extent lipid-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscles requires the presence of circulating proinflammatory factors in humans.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * two groups of 16 healthy subjects exclusion criteria: * diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance * peripheral vascular disease * pulmonary disease * clinically significant hepatic or renal disease * triglycerides \>200mg/dl * anemia * abnormal pt, ptt or inr * pregnancy or lactation

Keywords: fat emulsions, intravenous free fatty acids glucose clamp technique inflammation insulin resistance muscle, skeletal nf-kappa b
effects of chestnuts on postprandial glycaemic response

Conditions: Postprandial Glycemia; Insulin Resistance

Summary: nut consumption is known to improve health outcomes, such as reducing the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes, cognitive impairment, and cardiovascular diseases. while most research has focused on walnuts and almonds, there is limited information on the health benefits of chestnuts. chestnuts are unique among tree nuts due to their high starch and fibre content, along with vitamins e and c, minerals (potassium, phosphorus, magnesium), and polyphenols. evidence from in vitro and animal studies suggests that chestnuts may positively affect health by regulating the gut microbiome, lowering the glycaemic index, and providing antioxidant benefits. the food industry is also exploring new uses for chestnuts, particularly in gluten-free products, due to their nutritional benefits and good taste. nonetheless, no research has investigated the health effects of chestnuts in humans. by addressing this gap in the literature, the study may lead to the development of new dietary strategies for improved health outcomes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults 18-65 years old * available to attend two testing sessions at the research facility exclusion criteria: * allergy to nuts and/or gluten, * bmi\<18.5 or ≥30 kg/m2, * fasting glucose \>5.6 mmol/l, presence of diabetes and/or taking anti-diabetic medication * serious health conditions that may affect participation e.g. liver or thyroid dysfunction, recent major surgery, * smoker, * cardiovascular disease * pregnant or breastfeeding women * presence of implanted cardiac defibrillator

Keywords: chestnuts postprandial glycemia postprandial insulinemia glucose tolerance