Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
evaluation of pet/ct of cephalic arteries for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis

Conditions: Giant Cell Arteritis

Summary: giant cell arteritis (gca) is the most common vasculitis in adults. the diagnosis of gca is evoked by the association of clinical signs and biological anomalies (inflammatory syndrome) in patients over 50 years of age. on the other hand, starting a treatment implies being certain of the diagnosis which requires performing a temporal artery biopsy under local anesthesia. this examination is therefore an invasive procedure for patients whose sensitivity is not optimal. this is why imaging techniques (echo-doppler or mri of the temporal arteries) have been developed to look for signs of vasculitis without the need to perform a biopsy. however, these examinations lack sensitivity (=falsely concluding the absence of gca) and specificity (=falsely concluding the presence of gca). recently, advances in imaging, and in particular positron emission tomography (pet), have made it possible to visualize the cephalic arteries, including the temporal artery. the aim of this study is therefore to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of pet of the cephalic arteries for the diagnosis of gca and to compare them with those of echo-doppler and mri of the temporal arteries.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * any patient for which the diagnosis of gca is suspected and who underwent a cervical pet/ct exclusion criteria: * previously diagnosed gca, glycemia \> 7 mmol/l, pet ct performed more than 72 h after introduction of glucocorticoids, age \< 50 years
what is the best verbal instruction for contraction the pelvic floor muscles?

Conditions: Pelvic Floor Muscle Weakness

Summary: the aim of this study is to t to compare the effectiveness of producing a pelvic floor muscle contraction by different verbal instruction. pelvic floor muscle contraction will be measured displacement of the pelvic floor when imaged on ultrasound.

this study will examine pelvic floor muscle contraction following different verbal instructions. this is a cross-sectional exploratory study. physical-therapy students will be recruited to complete a survey and non-invasive transabdominal ultrasound assessment. a bladder filling protocol will be implemented to ensure subjects will have sufficient fluid in their bladders to allow clear ultrasound imaging. this protocol involved subjects consuming 600-750 ml of water in a 1 hr. period. the participants will be tested in a crook-lying supine position with a pillow under their heads for comfort. the participants will be divided into 2 groups randomly. both groups will be given three different verbal instructions to contract pelvic floor muscles. each contraction will be performed 3 time with rests of 10 sec between contractions. while the first 2 contractions for each verbal instruction will be held for 3 sec. the last contraction will be held as long as the participant can conduct and the time of contraction will be measured as well. the pelvic floor contraction will be measured by assessing bladder displacement via diagnostic ultrasound. to image the pelvic floor a 5 mhz curved linear array transducer (mindray m5) will be placed in the transverse plane immediately suprapubically over the lower abdomen angled at 15-30 degrees from the vertical. an on screen caliper and measurement tool will be used to measure bladder displacement.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * willing to participate in the study exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * previous abdominal surgeries

Keywords: verbal instruction, pelvic diaphragm, muscle contraction
ditan acute treatments: effectiveness and tolerability (dart)

Conditions: Migraine; Migraine With Aura; Migraine Without Aura; Chronic Migraine

Summary: the purpose of this prospective and multicentric study is to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of lasmiditan as acute migraine treatment in a cohort of episodic or chronic migraine patients.

lasmiditan is a serotonin 5-ht1f receptor agonist. it is available in three different dosages (namely 50, 100 and 200 mg) with oral administration. phase 3 double-blind randomized controlled studies demonstrated its effectiveness 2h post-dose in a single migraine attack and consistent effectiveness across four different attacks. the lack of vasoconstrictive activity allow its use also in patients with cardiovascular medical history. this finding was also confirmed in a real-world study. as it is a small molecule with access to the central nervous system predominant adverse events are cns-related (as dizziness, somnolence and paraesthesia). in this prospective multicentric study the investigators aim to evaluate lasmiditan effectiveness and tolerability as acute migraine treatment in a real-world setting. subjects who meet the inclusion criteria will be enrolled and will participate in the study. baseline demographic and clinical data will be collected at the baseline. patients will be asked to treat their next migraine attack with lasmiditan 50 - 100 - 200 mg oral tablet. data will be collected at baseline, during at least 4 migraine attacks treated with lasmiditan and at 3 months follow-up. subjects will be asked to complete assessment of their migraine attack at baseline and at 30 - 60 - 90 and 120 minutes after administration of the acute treatment for at least four migraine attacks. a final timepoint at 24 hours post-dose will be assessed only for the first attack. data collection will focus on: i) demographic data, ii) migraine history, iii) pain level and evolution, iv) presence and evolution of migraine associated symptoms, most bothersome symptom and aura, v) migraine associated disability, vi) patients's global impression of change (pgic) and evaluation on the acute treatment (migraine-act), vii) tolerability and eventual treatment-emergent adverse events. the online database redcap will be used for data collection.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of migraine without aura, migraine with aura, or chronic migraine according to the 3rd edition of the international classification of headache disorder (ichd-iii). at least 3 mmds * good compliance to study procedures * availability of headache diary at least of the preceding months before enrollment exclusion criteria: * subjects with contraindications for use of ditans; * concomitant diagnosis of medical diseases and/or comorbidities that, in the investigator's opinion might interfere with study assessments; * medical comorbidities that could interfere with study results; * pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Keywords: headache medication overuse headache pain ditan triptan
age-dependent impact of the syntax-score on mortality

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease; PCI

Summary: the syntax-score has been proposed as a tool for risk stratification and guiding revascularization therapy in patients with complex coronary artery disease. there are limited data on the prognostic value of the syntax-score among elderly patients. aim of this study was to investigate whether age modifies the impact of the syntax-score on all-cause mortality at 2 years after percutaneous coronary intervention (pci).

syntax score has been used as a tool to quantify severity of coronary artery disease. interventional or operative treatment of patients is associated with improvement in sytax score after pci so called residual syntax score. the higher the syntax score value the higher is the mortality. whereas this is true for both young and old patients is debatable. therefore we aim to investigate in this registry age-dependent impact of baseline and residual syntax score on 1- and 2-year mortality after pci

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing pci at our center exclusion criteria: * prior coronary artery bypass grafting * no pci

Keywords: syntax score, pci, elderly
camrelizumab for patients with recurrent primary central nervous system lymphoma (pcnsl)

Conditions: Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma

Summary: this study is intend to improve the objective response rate in treatment of camrelizumab in recurrent primary central nervous system lymphoma patients.

primary cns lymphoma (pcnsl) is a rare b-cell variant of non-hodgkin lymphoma that is confined to the brain, leptomeninges, spinal cord, and eyes. the optimum treatment for patients with recurrent pcnsl remains challenging and at present there is no universally accepted therapeutic approach . the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of camrelizumab \[a programmed cell death 1 (pd-1) inhibitor\] for recurrent patients with primary cns lymphoma.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. the initial diagnosis was primary diffuse large b-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system confirmed by histopathology; 2. prior to first-line treatment based on methotrexate (with or without radiotherapy), tumor recurrence was confirmed by mri; 3. measurable focus in mri (\>10x10mm); 4. aged \> 18 years; 5. life expectancy of at least 12 weeks; 6. the patient has a karnofsky performance status of at least 50%; 7. main organs function normally, without serious blood, heart, lung, liver, kidney and immune deficiency diseases. specific assay indicators requirements： white blood cells\>3.0×10\^9/l;platelet\>80×10\^9/l;hemoglobin\>10g/dl;serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5×uln;alt and ast ≤ 2×uln;serum creatinine≤1.5mg/dl; 8. female subjects of childbearing age must exclude pregnancy and are willing to use a medically approved high-efficiency contraceptive (eg, iud, contraceptive or condom) during the study period and within 3 months of the last study drug administration; 9. the subject should be aware of the purpose of the study and the operations required by the study and volunteer to participate in the study before sign the informed consent form; exclusion criteria: 1. concurrent administration of any other antitumor therapy； 2. allergic to the ingredients of research drugs； 3. has received prior therapy with an anti-pd-1, anti-pd-l1, or anti-pd-l2 agent； 4. any active autoimmune diseases or a history of autoimmune diseases (including but not limited to: autoimmune hepatitis, interstitial pneumonia, uveitis, enteritis, hepatitis, pituitary inflammation, vasculitis, nephritis, hyperthyroidism, decreased thyroid function； 5. systemic steroid therapy or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of trial treatment, except for a maximum dose of 4 mg/day dexamethasone or equivalent doses of other corticosteroids or control of brain edema, which has been stable or decreased for at least 1 week prior to inclusion; 6. active infection; 7. risk of bleeding; 8. hiv positivity; 9. pregnancy and lactation;
silver nanoparticles in multidrug resistant bacteria

Conditions: Multidrug Resistent Bacteria

Summary: recently, silver nanoparticles (agnps) have been widely used in various applications as antimicrobial agents, anticancer, diagnostics, biomarkers, cell labels, and drug delivery systems for the treatment of various diseases. the present study investigated the bactericidal effect of agnps against methecillin resistant staph. aureus (mrsa) and vancomycin resistant staph aureus (vrsa)


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * intensive care patients exclusion criteria: * none
randomized controlled trial of an eczema care plan

Conditions: Eczema

Summary: the objectives of this project are to increase families' understanding of eczema and improve eczema management in the primary care setting. we have created an "eczema care plan" similar to those used in the management of asthma. it gives specific instructions about medications, bathing and moisturizing, as well as when to seek further treatment. we will conduct a randomized controlled trial of the plan in primary care at longwood for a 10 month period. specifically, we aim to (1) decrease eczema severity (2) improve patient quality of life and (3) increase parental knowledge and confidence about eczema management. we also plan to track provider uptake and documentation of the plan and elicit feedback from parents and providers on the utility and feasibility of the plan.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria:a) accompanying adult speaks english b) patient has a history of eczema c) patient is between the ages of 1 month and 16 years d) family is coming for an eczema visit or plans to discuss eczema e) accompanying adult is a primary caregiver f) child is not in foster care g) caregiver has not received an eczema care plan previously. - exclusion criteria: a) accompanying adult does not speak english b) patient does not have a history of eczema c) patient is younger than 1 month or older than 16 years of age d) eczema will not be discussed at the visit e) accompanying adult is not the primary caregiver f) child is in foster care g) caregiver has received an eczema care plan previously.
percutaneous needle fasciotomy +/- corticosteroid injection for dupuytren's contracture

Conditions: Dupuytren Contracture; Dupuytren's Disease; Contracture; Joint Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Fibroma; Neoplasm, Fibrous Tissue; Neoplasms, Connective Tissue; Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Connective Tissue Diseases

Summary: comparing percutaneous needle fasciotomy +/- corticosteroid injection for dupuytren's contracture affecting metacarpophalangeal joints. a clinician-initiated, multicenter, randomized controlled trial.


Eligibility criteria:
sufficient correction of metacarpophalangeal (mcp) joint during the pnf treatment, defined as \<20° passive extension deficit (ped), is a prerequisite for inclusion. inclusion criteria: * dupuytren contracture (dc) of ≥ 20° ped in mcp joint measured with a goniometer * dc of either ii-v finger * well-defined/palpable cord exclusion criteria: * legally incapacitated * previous study inclusion with another finger ray * isolated proximal interphalangeal (pip) or distal interphalangeal (dip) joint contracture, defined as mcp joint contracture \< 20° ped regardless of the deficit in the pip or dip joint * previous hand surgery of the affected finger for any reason * known allergy to the study medication * anticoagulant therapy (acetylsalicylic acid is not an exclusion criterion) * pregnant or lactation * insulin dependent diabetes mellitus * ongoing systemic infection or local infection at the site of the procedure * rheumatoid arthritis * amyloidosis or mucopolysaccharidosis * unable to communicate, cooperate or participate in follow-up

Keywords: percutaneous needle fasciotomy corticosteroid randomized controlled trial
efficacy of alkalinized lidocaine compared to remifentanil on the incidence of coughing during emergence of anesthesia

Conditions: Cough; Anesthesia

Summary: this study is designed to compare the effects of alkalinized lidocaine in the endotracheal tube cuff to a bolus dose of remifentanil given prior to the emergence of anesthesia: * on the incidence of perioperative coughing * on the time needed for the emergence of a desflurane-based anesthesia * on the incidence of sore throat after extubation. the investigators hypothesis is that the use of alkalinized lidocaine in the endotracheal tube cuff will reduce the incidence of perioperative coughing after a desflurane-based anesthesia.

emergence is an important period of general anesthesia during which several problems can occur. coughing, hypertension, tachycardia and agitation have been observed during emergence of general anesthesia. desflurane is a newer volatile agent allowing early recovery from anesthesia. this agent has led to earlier discharge and more rapid resumption of normal activities after surgery. however, an incidence of coughing around 70% has been reported after a desflurane-based anesthesia. different techniques and drugs have been studied to reduce coughing during emergence. among others, the role of lidocaine given intravenously, topically, or intracuff has been studied. the use of intracuff alkalinized lidocaine has been proven effective to reduce the incidence of coughing during emergence of anesthesia. furthermore, there is some evidence supporting the administration of intravenous opioids prior to emergence of general anesthesia to reduce perioperative coughing, agitation and hemodynamic stimulation. however, depending on the type of opioids given, this may delay the emergence from anesthesia. the effect of a remifentanil infusion given in combination with isoflurane as the volatile agent has been shown to reduce the incidence of perioperative coughing without delaying the emergence of anesthesia. bolus doses of remifentanil have also been proven effective to reduce the hemodynamic response to extubation. the effect of these two modalities (alkalinized lidocaine and remifentanil) have never been compared. this study will assess their efficacy to prevent perioperative coughing after a desflurane-based anesthesia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 18-80 years * physical status 1-3 * patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia requiring oral endotracheal intubation (excluding head and neck surgery) * expected duration of surgery of at least 1.5 hour. exclusion criteria: * current use of ace inhibitor * chronic cough * asthma or severe pulmonary disease * pulmonary tract infection * anticipated difficult intubation * current use of opioids * current use of cough medicine * contraindication to remifentanil, lidocaine * pregnancy * symptomatic cardiac, renal or hepatic disease
full versus partial repairing of soft tissue surrounding the hip in arthroplasty for femoral neck fractures

Conditions: Femoral Neck Fracture

Summary: a prospective cohort study to compare full repairing and partial repairing of soft tissue surrounding the hip joint in anteriorolateral approaching arthroplasty concerning hip function. patients admitted with a femoral neck fracture operated with a hip arthroplasty through an anteriorolateral approach were screened for inclusion. patients with altered mental status spmsq \<7, pathological fractures, non-walkers were excluded.

those who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and non of the exclusion criteria were followed 2 months postoperatively by clinical examination. sample size were estimated to 15 patients in each group. primary outcome variables were trendelenburg test, abductor strength measured with dynamometry. secondary outcome variables were womac, eq-5d, and vas scores.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * displaced femoral neck fracture * walker * hemiarthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty * preiffer test \>7/10 exclusion criteria: * pathological fracture * non-walker * pfeiffer test \<7/10 indicating mental alteration

Keywords: femoral neck fracture hip arthroplasty repairing of soft tissue
performance of mid-upper arm circumference for detection of severe acute malnutrition in indonesian under-fives

Conditions: Severe Acute Malnutrition

Summary: who recommends 11.5 cm as a cut-off point of mid-upper arm circumference (muac) to detect and/or diagnose severe acute malnutrition (sam) in under-five. muac is practical and useful, especially in area with limited facilities which has no standardized scale and infantometer. however, several studies showed that this cut-off need to be evaluated as it has modest detection rate for sam. this study aims to evaluate diagnostic value of muac with 11.5 cm cut-off compared to whz as gold standard to identify sam. the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of muac with 11.5 cm as a standard cut-off will be evaluated. this study also aim to find new cut-off value that may offer better diagnostic performance. the main research questions were: what is the diagnostic accuracy of mid-upper arm circumference (muac) compared to the weight for height z score (whz) in identifying sam in children, and what is the optimal muac cut-off value for enhanced diagnostic performance?


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * under-fives that 6-59 months-old exclusion criteria: * ascites * edema * hydrocephalus * tumor or oncologic diseases * organomegaly * uncooperative during measurement

Keywords: mid-upper arm circumference sensitivity severe acute malnutrition specificity whz index
effect of indication based blood product transfusion in patients undergoing major oncological surgery

Conditions: Blood Transfusion

Summary: investigators aimed to compare the effect on different indications (blood volume loss based vs hemoglobin concentration based ) based blood transfusion practices in patients undergoing major oncological surgery for pelvic or spinal tumor and investigate their postoperative complications.

260 patients underwent major oncological surgery for open pelvic or spinal tumor resection were included in this study. we looked at white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, neutrophil ratio, c-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and il-6 levels 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days after surgery the main question it sought to answer was whether there was a difference in postoperative complications 30 days after surgery between patients who received blood transfusions based on volume loss and those who received blood transfusions based on hemoglobin concentration during surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 18 and 70 * patients with pelvic or spinal tumor * conduct open resection surgery for tumor removal * with expected surgery duration greater than 3 hours * with expected blood loss greater than 400 ml exclusion criteria: * age \ 70 * limb tumor patients or patients with pelvic and spinal tumors undergoing closed internal fixation or vertebroplasty or minimally invasive surgery * received chemotherapy or immunotherapy before surgery * with expected surgery length less than 3 hours * with expected intraoperative blood loss less than 400ml

Keywords: blood loss，transfusion，oncological surgery
efficacy of co-spinal ondansetron in inguinal herniorrhaphy

Conditions: Hernia, Inguinal

Summary: ondansetron, a selective serotonin 5-ht3 receptor antagonist, is well known for its antiemetic effects. however, its ability to reduce hypotension during spinal anesthesia has recently sparked great interest. in clinical practice, administering ondansetron before spinal anesthesia has produced promising results.

this prospective randomized double-blinded controlled study will be conducted on 46 patients undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy at suez canal university hospital and will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups using a table of random numbers. group a (23 patients) will be administered 8 mg of ondansetron diluted in 100 ml of normal saline, starting with the skin preparation for spinal anesthesia through the intravenous axis to be finished in 10 minutes. group b (23 patients) will be administered 100 ml of normal saline, starting with the skin preparation for spinal anesthesia through the intravenous axis, to be finished in 10 minutes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients scheduled for inguinal herniorrhaphy in suez canal university hospitals * height: 150 to 180 cm. * body mass index (bmi): not more than 35 kg/m². * patients are asa i (american society of anesthesiology physical status grade i) = (normal healthy patients), asa ii (american society of anesthesiologists physical status grade ii) = (patients with mild systemic disease and no functional limitations). exclusion criteria: * patients refused to participate in the study. * contraindications of spinal anesthesia. * known allergy to bupivacaine or ondansetron. * patients with a history of arrhythmia, especially those with prolonged qt intervals.