Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
changing portion size descriptions in a cafeteria

Conditions: Food Selection; Obesity; Weight Gain; Food Preferences

Summary: the goal of this this intervention is to test the degree to which a portion size labeling intervention influences consumer selection of smaller portions at two large cafés. the main question it aims to answer is: do consumers order fewer calories when the portion size label for the smaller entree is called "standard" instead of "small"? participants will order lunch as usual in the two cafes (one intervention, one control) for 5.5 months, and all order items will be recorded in the check-out system. one cafe will receive the labeling intervention, while the other will not. researchers will compare the average calories per order between the two cafes to see if there are differences.

the investigators will work with two cafés that will start offering two size options for their entrées. the cafés will go through three phases: a baseline phase where there are two portion sizes and no intervention (6 weeks), an intervention phase where the portion size labeling strategy will be implemented (7 weeks), and then a final phase where the portion size intervention is removed (7 weeks). during the baseline period, the smaller-sized entrée will not receive a label, and the larger-sized entrée will be called "large." during the intervention period for the control café, labeling will stay the same, but in the intervention café, the smaller size will be labeled "standard" and the larger size will be called "large." in the post-intervention period, the smaller-sized entrée in the intervention café will have no label so that it resembles the control café.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all customers who make a lunch purchase at the cafes exclusion criteria: * purchases made outside of lunch service.

Keywords: portion size, choice behavior, energy intake, food labeling
bacteriophage therapy in first time chronic prosthetic joint infections

Conditions: Prosthetic Joint Infection; Bacterial Infections

Summary: this study will test the feasibility of a regimen of intraoperative (io) and intravenous (iv) phagebank™ bacteriophage therapy in conjunction with a dair procedure to cure chronic prosthetic joint infection (pji) without replacement of the prosthesis.

this is a study designed to evaluate bacteriophage therapy in patients with chronic prosthetic joint infections of the hip or knee caused by 1 or 2 of the following organisms: staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus lugdunensis, streptococcus spp., enterococcus faecium, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and/or klebsiella pneumoniae. this study will compare the safety and efficacy of phage therapy in conjunction with standard of care antibiotics and a dair procedure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males or females ≥18 years of age. * stopped or not received sat for 2 weeks * female patients of childbearing potential who agree to use contraception. * first time chronic prosthetic joint infection * confirmed phage match * no anticipated need for long-term antibiotics exclusion criteria: * soft tissue defect requiring reconstruction. * hardware misalignment * additional orthopedic hardware in connection with the infected prosthesis. * active infection * unable to tolerate sat * septic shock or hemodynamic instability. * chronic kidney disease * liver disease * decompensated heart failure. * positive drug screen * receiving chemotherapy * immunocompromised * antiviral treatment within 2 weeks prior to dair * currently participating in another clinical trial * known phage allergy * pregnant/ breastfeeding * lack of capacity to consent

Keywords: prosthetic joint knee hip phage bacteriophage prosthetic joint dair
multi neuro-functional biomarkers for monitoring the effects of treatments in adhd children

Conditions: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Summary: mimosa study aims to characterize from behavioral, neurophysiological and neurocognitive perspectives children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd), in order to identify a possible biomarker of response to medication treatments. to achieve this aim, in the study children with adhd (drug naive) are recruited and undergo behavioral and clinical screenings, neurocognitive profile, and neurophysiological evaluation with functional near infrared spectroscopy (fnirs). adhd group is evaluated before the beginning of medications, at first dose of medication (only imaging evaluation fnirs), and after a period of two/three months of continuous treatment with medication.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of adhd according to dsm-5 (diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-5) criteria; * drug naive exclusion criteria: * presence of intellectual disability, neurological diseases, epilepsy, genetic syndromes * and previous treatment with psychoactive drugs
the impact of obesity on postoperative outcomes following cardiac surgery

Conditions: Obesity; Cardiac Disease; Cardiovascular Syndromes, Metabolic

Summary: the purpose of this study is to identify measures of obesity, functional capacity, and specific biomarkers that may be predictive of obesity and post-operative outcomes.

background: increasing levels of obesity worldwide have led to a rise in the prevalence of obesity-related complications including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers etc. health care providers believe that obesity has a negative effect on patients undergoing cardiac surgery, with overweight and obese patients being more likely to experience adverse post-operative outcomes. the body mass index (bmi) is the single most used measure for determining obesity classification in clinical practice, without accounting for a patient's level of cardiopulmonary fitness or muscle mass. study design: patients between the ages of 18 and 75 years undergoing elective cardiac surgery will be consented to participate in this prospective observational trial. patients are invited to participate in measures of obesity, functional capacity and exercise capacity assessments, quality of life questionnaires, and blood and tissue sampling for biomarker analysis. endpoints: measures other than bmi that could be predictive of short-term and long-term post-operative outcomes. outcomes of interest include: prolonged length of ventilation, hospital length of stay and all-cause mortality. summary: the results of this trial will potentially identify an improved definition of fitness capacity for obese cardiac surgical patients and biomarkers alone or in combination that could identify the potential for adverse outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. this study will help clinicians better segregate and treat patients pre-operatively based on fitness levels and associated biomarkers.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * · provide informed consent * male or female patients who are \> 18 years of age * patients must be scheduled to undergo elective, first-time cardiac surgery during routine scheduling times exclusion criteria: * patients who are \> 75 years of age * bmi is less than 18.5 kg/m2 and classified as underweight according to the world health organization * any non-elective first time cardiac surgery patient (eg. in-house urgent patients; emergent patients) * any cardiac patients to undergo re-operation * simultaneous participation in another study with an investigational study agent
distinct metastatic phenotypes between early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer

Conditions: Early-onset Colorectal Cancer; Late-onset Colorectal Cancer

Summary: the clinical and pathological features of early-onset colorectal cancer (eocrc) differ from those of late-onset colorectal cancer (locrc). our research aims to thoroughly elucidate the distinctions between them by analyzing clinical prognosis, metastatic patterns, gene expression, and genomic mutation profiles. our deliberation will uncover latent strategies for personalized therapeutic of both eocrc and locrc.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the initial diagnosis of colonoscopy and pathology belongs to colorectal cancer; * patients should sign an informed consent form after fully understanding the purpose, procedures and potential risks of the study, indicating their voluntary participation in the research. exclusion criteria: * patients with obvious local or systemic severe infection; * acute abdomen: intestinal obstruction, peritonitis, intestinal perforation; * have a systemic underlying disease that has not been controlled, or is unstable; * patients with poor physical fitness or serious other organic diseases who cannot tolerate anesthesia and surgery; * women during pregnancy, perinatal and lactation; * patients with severe mental disorders (such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, etc.) or patients who are mentally incapable or unable to understand the requirements for participation in the study.
a study of the side effects of l-743,872 in men with candidal esophagitis

Conditions: Candidiasis, Esophageal; HIV Infections

Summary: the purpose of this study is to see if it is safe to give l-743,872 to men with candidal esophagitis, an aids-related yeast infection in the esophagus.

in this open-label study, patients receive intravenous l-743,872 every 24 hours at one of three dose levels for 14 days. post-study safety evaluations continue for 4 weeks after the final dose. pharmacokinetics and safety measurements are taken throughout the 6-week study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria you may be eligible for this study if you: * are an 18- to 65-year-old man with candidal esophagitis.

Keywords: dose-response relationship, drug antifungal agents candidiasis esophageal diseases mk 0991
pilot of a new cognitive assessment tool for detecting dementia in the migrant somali population

Conditions: Dementia

Summary: aims * the investigators want to find out if the tool that they have made to assess memory and thinking in somali elders ( the 'mscat') is acceptable to that community and practical to administer and score. * the public will benefit from this research because it seeks to enhance reliability of diagnosis of dementia, thus access to support and treatment for people from an ethnic minority group experiencing memory problems. background * the investigators are a group of staff from the memory assessment service in manchester. there are currently no suitable tests for dementia for people from somalia. * research evidence tells us there are many reasons why the tools that used now are not working. this includes: differences in culture and ways of life that are very different to a british born person who has lived in the uk for all of their life. * somali people find out at a later stage if they have dementia resulting in delayed treatment/support. * this research supports the government's promise to improve the pathway to a diagnosis of dementia for minority groups. design and methods * 10 participants * the investigators will compare the assessment tool (mscat) that the team have developed to the addenbrookes cognitive examination iii tool that is typically used. * participants will be seen at an agreed location (e.g. home, mosque or gmmh trust site). they will meet a somali speaking researcher to do both tests on 2 appointments and discuss how they found the tests afterwards. * the investigators will check participants understanding of the research before they agree to take part. verbal and written information will be provided. public involvement * the local somali community helped advise on the creation of the new mscat assessment tool. * the investigators will write project information for participants in somali and english. dissemination of results • professional conference presentations and publications


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the participants will all be somali-born migrants, over the age of 50, living in the uk. exclusion criteria: * exclusion criteria will include the presence of dementia, current delirium, or inability to complete the tasks due to visual/hearing/physical impairment
gut microbiota of preterm infants and full-term infants at early life

Conditions: Preterm Infant; Gut Microbiome

Summary: the aim of this study is to obtain a longitudinal view of the gut microbial establishment of a cohort of 51 preterm (pt) infants compared to 50 full-term (ft) infants from birth to 90 days of age, and to identify key clinical factors that affect the establishment of neonatal microbiome. the hypothesis of the investigators is that the gut microbiota progression of pt group and ft group is different in diversity and composition. antibiotics and its usage duration is likely the main factor disturbing the colonization and development of the gut microbiome of pt infants.

premature birth is a global clinical problem. early colonization and development of the neonatal gut microbiome is critically important with a profound impact on the host lifelong health. v3-v4 region of 16s rrna amplicons of 581 stool dna will be sequenced from a cohort of 51 pt infants and 50 ft infants to examine the microbial profiles. a random-effects generalized least square regression model is used to compare the difference in the main bacterial groups over time with the adjustment for multiple variables including gestational age and use of antibiotics .

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: preterm infants 1. gestational age \<37 weeks; 2. no gastrointestinal tract disorders, metabolic diseases, or viral hepatitis; 3. hospital stay \> 7 days; exclusion criteria: 1. nicu stay less than 7 days 2. necrotizing enterocolitis infant control group: 1. full-term healthy infants; 2. gestational age \>37 weeks; 3. vaginally born; 4. no gastrointestinal tract disorders, metabolic diseases, or viral hepatitis.
prevalence of and factors associated with metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia

Conditions: Metabolic Syndrome; Quality of Life; Depression

Summary: patients with schizophrenia are more likely to have metabolic syndrome compared to general population. the criterion for metabolic syndrome in asian people including: elevated waist circumference (male ≥ 90cm, female ≥ 80cm), elevated triglycerides ≥ 150mg/dl, reduced hdl cholesterol: male \< 40mg/dl, female \< 50mg/dl, elevated blood pressure: ≥ 130/85 mmhg, elevated fasting glucose: ≥ 100mg/dl. several factors have been found to be associated with metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia, e.g. age, antipsychotic drugs, smoking, family history of metabolic disorder, stress, and quality of life. however, little is known about the prevalence of and factors associated in asian. this study aimed to: 1. identify the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia. 2. identify the factors associated with metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia.

patients with schizophrenia are more likely to have metabolic syndrome compared to general population. the criterion for metabolic syndrome in asian people including: elevated waist circumference (male ≥ 90cm, female ≥ 80cm), elevated triglycerides ≥ 150mg/dl, reduced hdl cholesterol: male \< 40mg/dl, female \< 50mg/dl, elevated blood pressure: ≥ 130/85 mmhg, elevated fasting glucose: ≥ 100mg/dl. several factors have been found to be associated with metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia, e.g. age, antipsychotic drugs, smoking, family history of metabolic disorder, stress, and quality of life. however, little is known about the prevalence of and factors associated in asian. this study aimed to: 1. identify the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia. 2. identify the factors associated with metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia. method this study is a cross-sectional study conducting at the faculty of medicine, chiang mai university. eighty participants will be recruited with the inclusion criteria of having diagnosed with schizophrenia according to dsm-iv-tr and aged 18 years or over. the exclusion criterion is having organic brain syndrome. measurements panss cdss whoqol-bref-thai

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of schizophrenia according to dsm-iv-tr * aged 18 years-old or over exclusion criteria: * having organic brain syndromes

Keywords: metabolic syndrome prevalence quality of life depression antipsychotics
prevalence and sequelae of computer vision syndrome in egyptian universities

Conditions: Computer Vision Syndrome

Summary: cvs-f4 questionnaire will be used as an instrument to survey cvs prevalence and severity among medical students

cvs-f4 (30 questions) will be an online survey via the surveymonkey company. we will collect the responses and analyze the results. informed consent will be obtained from the participants as an item within the survey itself that he/she agrees to use his/her data in this research work. the questionnaire includes questions regarding potential ocular, extra-ocular, musclo-skeletal and neuro-psychatric complains caused by cvs. complete statistical analysis of the survey data will be done using univariate and multivariate logistic and linear regression analysis. the cvs diagnosis will be based on the 5 diagnostic criteria (5dc) to create a new short self-assessment questionnaire for accurate prevalence of cvs.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * university students * university staff members exclusion criteria: * ocular surgery * amblyopia * anisometropia * strabismus * systemic disease
post-market observational study of the winx sleep therapy for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (osa)

Conditions: Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Summary: the objective of the study is to observe the use and utility of the winx sleep therapy system in a clinical practice, for the treatment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (osa).


Eligibility criteria:
exclusion criteria * has a severe respiratory disorder, such as severe lung disease, pneumothorax, etc. * has loose teeth or advanced periodontal disease. * is under the age of 18.
investigation of the effect of oral treatment with 100 mg azd2423 in subjects with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd)

Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; Lung Disease

Summary: the purpose of the study is to find out if azd2423 can reduce inflammation in the lungs of patients with mild copd.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * only women of non-child bearing potential are included in the study i.e. women who are permanently or surgically sterilised or post menopausal. * ≥ 40 years of age at visit 1 * clinical diagnosis of copd (gold stage 1) * fev1 ≥ 80% of the predicted normal post-bronchodilator at visit 1 (gold stage 1) * fev1/fvc \<70% post-bronchodilator at visit 1 (gold stage 1) exclusion criteria: * any clinically significant disease or disorder which, in the opinion of the investigator, may either put the subject at risk or influence the way the drug works * any clinically relevant abnormal findings in physical examination, blood or urine test results, vital signs or ecg at visit 1 that may put the subject at risk during the study, affect their ability or take part or influence the results of the study * a past history or current indication of renal (kidney) failure * subjects at risk of active tuberculosis or of disease reactivation * subjects who have had any clinically significant illness within 4 weeks before visit 2 (start of treatment)

Keywords: respiratory disease chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
the impact of lower limb fractures on body mass index (bmi)

Conditions: Fracture

Summary: the study will prospectively follow patients with lower limb fractures to assess changes in weight after injury


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults with lower limb fractures exclusion criteria: * polytrauma * upper limb fractures * no consent * lack of follow up * patients opting for weight management treatments * patients with pre-existing mobility status impairment
safety and efficacy of exenatide as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy to oral antidiabetic agents in adolescents with type 2 diabetes

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that glycemic control, as measured by change in hemoglobin a1c (hba1c) from baseline to endpoint, with exenatide is superior to that of placebo after 28 weeks of treatment in adolescent patients with type 2 diabetes who are naïve to antidiabetes agents, or patients who are being treated with metformin, an su, or a combination of metformin and an su


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria-patients are eligible to be included in the study only if they meet all of the following criteria: * are a male or a female between ages 10 to 17 years, inclusive. the number of patients ≥17 years of age will be limited to no more than 10% of patients in each treatment arm * have a history of type 2 diabetes with the original diagnosis based on at least one american diabetes association (ada) diagnostic criteria * have been treated with metformin, an su, or both metformin and an su (with or without diet and exercise), for at least 3 months or are naïve to anti-diabetes agents and being treated with diet and exercise alone. the dose of oral agent(s) should be stable for the 30 days prior to the screening visit * have fasting c-peptide \>0.6 ng/ml * have hba1c between 6.5% and 10.5%, inclusive. disease diagnostic criteria-for the purposes of this study, patients with type 2 diabetes are defined by: * diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, as determined by ada diagnostic criteria and antibody testing, documented and confirmed in the patient's medical record, which includes laboratory determinations consistent with one or more of the following in the patient's medical history * fasting blood glucose 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l) * random blood glucose 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/l) * two-hour ogtt (oral glucose tolerance test) ≥ 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/l) and one or more of the following: no antibodies to gad65 or no antibodies to islet cell antigen (ica512). exclusion criteria-patients will be excluded from the study if they meet any of the following criteria: * have previously been exposed to exenatide or, completed or withdrawn from this study or any other study investigating exenatide * are unwilling or unable to inject the study medication * currently use inhaled steroids at a dose equal to or above 1000g flovent (fluticasone propionate) daily * have used oral steroids within the last 60 days or more than 20 days use within the past year * have used any weight loss medication(s) within 30 days of screening * have used insulin for more than 10 weeks during the 3 months prior to screening * have history of renal disease, or serum creatinine \>1.6 mg/dl (141.4 µmol/l) (males) or \>1.4 mg/dl (123.8 µmol/l) (females) * have hepatic dysfunction, defined by aspartate (ast) or alanine (alt) transaminase \>3.0 times the upper limit of normal (uln).

Keywords: diabetes adolescents exenatide astra zeneca
the effect of a scratch off prompt on health engagement

Conditions: Blood Pressure Check (Hypertension Screening); Cholesterol Test (Lipid Disorder Screening)

Summary: the goal of this project is to determine whether prompting the recipient of a health reminder mailing to scratch off targeted area.

the investigators will randomly assign individuals with different scratch off messages to 3 groups. the investigators are interested in whether the scratch off message will result in an increase in compliance with the recommended health behavior.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * indications according to spring 2011 cdc criteria for a blood pressure check * indications according to spring 2011 cdc criteria for a cholesterol test * employee at partner corporation that implemented the study

Keywords: behavioral economics nudge scratch off blood pressure check cholesterol test