Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
can 10 seconds inspiratory hold open atelectasis in mechanically ventilated patients?

Conditions: Atelectasis

Summary: this study evaluates whether sustaining inspiratory pressure for 10 seconds at a time can open collapsed lung areas in non-dependant regions of the lung in mechanically ventilated patients.

collapse of lung volume, atelectasis, is a common complication in sedated and mechanically ventilated patients. in adults the atelectasis occur mainly in the dependant areas of the lung. in this study the investigators examine whether these atelectasis can be opened by repeatedly sustaining the inspiratory pressure for 10 seconds when the patient has been positioned so that the atelectasis is located in a non-dependant position. furthermore, the investigators examine how many times the inspiratory pressure needs to be sustained before the atelectasis is opened and at what pressure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * continuously or intermittently mechanically ventilated with artificial airway (endotracheal tube or tracheostomy tube) * pressure controlled or pressure supported ventilator mode * peep ≤ 12 cm h2o, registered peak pressure ≤ 32 cm h2o * non-ventilated lung regions according to e.i.t. measurements * richmond agitation score 0 -(-5) * circulatory stable or stabilized exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * bmi \> 50 * pacemaker or other electrically active implants * skin lesions, wounds or bandages on chest area where e.i.t. belt needs to be placed * undrained pneumothorax * pulsating air-mattress * unstable skeletal injury to spinal column * recent brain injury or spinal chord injury * recent injury to heart, to major blood vessels in chest, to major airways or to the oesophagus.
efficacy of laser acupuncture for idiopathic bell's palsy

Conditions: Bell's Palsy

Summary: objective: bell's palsy is characterized by acute, unilateral onset that compromises function and esthetics, exerting a considerable impact on the social, professional, and psychological aspects of the lives of affected individuals. the objective of this study was to determine whether laser acupuncture therapy could relieve symptoms in patients with bell's palsy in 8 weeks. methods: this study was randomized controlled trial including 360 patients that undergoing bell's palsy. all the patients received oral prednisolone. patients were assigned to the laser acupuncture (la) group, sham la group and control group, with 120 patients in each group. la group and sham la group were received 4 weeks of laser treatment (3 times per week). clinical outcome measure comprised the house-brackmann grading system, facial clinimetric evaluation scale (face), sunnybrook facial grading scale (sbfg), facial disability index (fdi) and facial clinimetric evaluation scale (face scale) all the measurements were collected at the baseline, weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 1. patients diagnosed with idiopathic bell's palsy 2.patients were eligible if they were graded at house-brackmann grade (hb) 3 or higher. exclusion criteria: - 1.serious mental illness or social problems, and neurological disorders, and systemic diseases, such as malignant tumors, and other serious consumptive diseases. 2. planning for pregnancy, those in pregnancy, or those who were lactating. 3.bell's palsy patients who have a disease course of more than 8 weeks.

Keywords: idiopathic facial paralysis bell's palsy laser acupuncture photobiomodulation rct
retrospective, external comparator study of lazertinib as the 2nd-line treatment in patients with egfr mutation+ nsclc

Conditions: Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Summary: this retrospective, external comparator study for lazertinib aims to assess the real-world effectiveness of lazertinib as the second-line treatment versus platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with epidermal growth receptor sensitizing mutation-positive, locally advanced or metastatic non-small lung cancer.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * target and period: patients aged 18 or older * target conditions: 1. lazertinib: * patients diagnosed with locally progressive or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, who previously received first or second-generation egfr-tki treatment, and who started administrating lazertinib during the index period * patients with t790m mutation positive * patients with an ecog ps score of 0 to 1 at the time of initial drug administration 2. platinum-based chemotherapy * patients who were diagnosed with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, and previously received first or second-generation egfr-tki treatment during the baseline period * patient who started administering platinum-based chemotherapy after prior first or second-generation egfr-tki treatment during the index period * patients who were confirmed positive for active egfr mutations (l858r, exon19del, g719x, l861q) during the baseline period * patients with an ecog ps score of 0 to 1 at the time of initial drug administration exclusion criteria: * patients with carcinoma besides nsclc requiring treatment * any unstable brain metastasis with symptomatic and/or requiring emergency treatment

Keywords: egfr sensitizing mutation t790m mutation egfr tki second-line yh25448 external comparator retrospective advanced non-small cell lung cancer lazertinib
the icalic 2 international multicentric study

Conditions: Cancer; Surgery; Hemodialysis

Summary: clinicians need to measure energy expenditure (ee) by indirect calorimetry (ic) to optimize nutritional support for a better clinical outcome, especially in patients with chronic conditions or with high risk of under- and over- feeding. however, ic is rarely used in clinical routine because the devices currently on the market are of tedious use, imprecise and expensive. an easy-to-use, accurate and inexpensive ic device (q-nrg® ce marking n°med 9811) has been developed to meet specifications made by and for clinicians. the ease of use of this new ic device has been first evaluated in mechanical ventilation mode. this second phase aims at evaluating the ease of use, the stability and the feasibility of the measurements with this new ic device in canopy and face mask modes for spontaneously breathing adult patients.

this study aims at evaluating the ease of use, the stability and the feasibility of ee measurements with the new ic device in spontaneously breathing adult patients with malnutrition, cancer, surgery or haemodialysis, using the canopy and face mask modes. patient data will be obtained from the medical records before ee measurement. ee measurement will be performed sequentially with the q-nrg® and the ic device currently used in each study center. patient data input, calibration, installation of face mask or canopy hood on the patient, and ee measurement recording will be performed according to the procedure stated in their respective user manual. time needed to perform ee will be calculated afterwards from the time the ic device is turned on to ee measurement reaches a steady state with a variation ≤10%. in a subset of 15 subjects, accuracy of gas composition (o2 and co2) measurement by the q-nrg® will be assessed by comparison with the reference method consisting in a mass spectrometer.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all spontaneously breathing adult patients (≥ 18 years) referred to the nutrition unit in the context of malnutrition, cancer, surgery or haemodialysis. exclusion criteria: 1. \< 18 years 2. intolerance or phobia to canopy or face mask 3. physical agitation or activity (\< 1hr before ee measurement) 4. inability to follow the procedures of the study, e.g. due to language problems, psychological disorders, dementia, etc. of the participant.

Keywords: indirect calorimetry energy expenditure vo2 vco2
comparison of the radiological pattern between the cerebral stroke of arterial and venous origin

Conditions: Stroke; Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis; Venous Thromboses

Summary: there are few published data on the patterns of parenchymal imaging abnormalities in a context of cerebral venous thrombosis (cvt). the objectives of the present study were to describe the patterns of parenchymal lesions associated with cvt and to determine the lesion sites.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hospitalized patients with cvt * parenchymal lesions on magnetic resonance imaging exclusion criteria: * no cvt

Keywords: rmi
prevalence and risk factors for the carriage of bacteria and clostridioid in elderly dependent persons

Conditions: Elderly; Healthcare Associated Infection

Summary: brief summary : very few studies have evaluated the prevalence of multi-drug resistant (mdr), highly resistant emerging bacteria and clostridioides difficile toxinogenic (cdt) in residents and in healthcare workers (hcw) in nursing home (nh). most of study were conducted in acute care services and were limited to specific bacterial species. hypothesis : the carriage of mdr bacteria in resident may be a risk factor for an outbreak in nh or in healthcare facility. primary outcome: the objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence for carriage of mdr bacteria and cdt in residents in nh. secondary outcomes: * estimate the prevalence for carriage of mdr bacteria and cdt toxigenic in hcw in nh. * identify the risk factors for carriage of mdr bacteria and cdt in residents in nursing home * identify the risk factors for carriage of mdr bacteria and cdt in healthcare workers in nh * evaluate the presence of cross-transmission of mdr bacteria and cdt in one or several nh * evaluate the association between the presence of cross-transmission of mdr bacteria and cdt in a nh and the management of infection control * establishment a collection of stool samples


Eligibility criteria:
* inclusion criteria: * resident : the resident must be a member or beneficiary of a health insurance. the resident is in permanent accommodation whose the date of admission is at least 1 month earlier on the day of collection. * healthcare workers : the healthcare workers must be a member or beneficiary of a health insurance. the healthcare workers begin to work in nursing at least 1 month earlier on the day of collection. * exclusion criteria: * resident : the resident refuses to participate. o healthcare workers : the healthcare workers refuses to participate.
multimodal fetal and placental imaging and biomarkers of clinical outcomes in opioid use disorder

Conditions: Opioid Use Disorder; Substance-Related Disorders; Pregnancy Related; Narcotic-Related Disorders; Buprenorphine Dependence; Methadone Dependence

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to learn about the long term effects of prenatal opioid exposure. the main objectives are: * long term goal: to improve the safety and efficacy of maternal opioid use disorder (oud) and eliminate neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (nows) and poor childhood neurodevelopment. * to characterize prenatal opioid exposure (poe) related placental and fetal brain structural and functional disruptions using longitudinal placenta-fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging (mri) and determine proteomic, genomic, and epigenetic signatures of nows and poor infant neurodevelopment. in this study participants will: * receive two placental-fetal mris, one during second trimester and one in third trimester. * answer surveys relating to their medical and social history. * have blood drawn during pregnancy and delivery. * child development follow up: answer surveys on their child's development milestones and at one year of life they will undergo a development assessment.


Eligibility criteria:
pregnant women with opioid use disorder inclusion criteria: * age \>18 years * currently taking buprenorphine or methadone for oud and are enrolled in a prenatal opioid maintenance program * singleton pregnancy * planned delivery at indiana university or university of pittsburgh study sites exclusion criteria: * serious maternal medical illness as deemed by study physician investigators that would make it challenging to comply with study procedures * known or suspected major fetal/ neonatal congenital abnormalities * hiv or aids infants with prenatal opioid exposure: inclusion: 1. prenatal buprenorphine or methadone exposure 2. born to mother enrolled in opioid use disorder arm of study exclusion: major congenital anomalies or genetic syndromes affecting neurodevelopment control pregnant women: inclusion: 1. women \>18 years of age 2. healthy singleton pregnancy 3. planned delivery at indiana university or university of pittsburgh study sites exclusion: 1. serious maternal medical illness as deemed by study physician investigators that would make it challenging to comply with study procedures 2. hiv or aids 3. known or suspected major fetal congenital abnormalities 4. any history of opioid misuse before or during pregnancy-per self-report and clinical notes. control infants: inclusion: born to control pregnant mother enrolled in study exclusion: any major congenital anomalies, genetic abnormalities, neurologic abnormalities, syndromes, or chronic medical conditions affecting neurodevelopment.

Keywords: pregnant with opioid use disorder opioid use disorder subutex buprenorphine pregnant taking buprenorphine/subutex
nasal and oronasal mask in severe osa patients with nasal free airflow of obstruction

Conditions: Obstructive Sleep Apnea of Newborn

Summary: the obstructive sleep apnea (osa) affects between 10% to 25% of the adults. continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) is the first choice of treatment in severe osa. however, the adherence to cpap varies, and the interface between patient and the cpap may interfere with adherence, comfort and efficiency as well as in sleep variables. objectives: (1) to determine if self-reported airflow route (nasal or oronasal airflow) is the same as the route determined in a laboratory analysis in controls (healthy subjects) and severe osa patients with nasal free airflow of obstruction during asleep and awake, (2) to compare the effects of nasal and oronasal cpap titration (randomized order of masks, 14 days apart) on apnoea-hypopnoea index, cpap level, psg variables - including analysis for body positioning, the airway defense mechanisms (nasal mucociliary clearance, mucus properties, citology and inflammation in nasal lavage fluid) and systemic effects (serum mirna expression and cytokines), (3) cpap adherence after 1 month and 12 months.

after agreement with the written informed consent, 30 volunteers (10 healthy volunteers and 20 patients with severe osa), male and female, aged \> 21 years were recruited in the sleep laboratory of hospital das clínicas da faculdade de medicina (fmusp). the volunteers were evaluated at the sleep laboratory (incor) in two phases. first phase: volunteers were assessed for breathing route awake and asleep (including respiratory events in osa patients) and were indicated as nasal breathing and oronasal breathing. second phase for osa patients: two manual full-night cpap titration with nasal and oronasal masks in a randomized order, 14 days apart. data and fluids were analyzed before and after both titration studies comparing both masks including supine and lateral position during asleep and cpap titration. third phase for osa patiens: patients were treated with the best interface found in cpap titration study during 30 days and patients were assessed for sleep quality, excessive sonolence during the day, airway symptoms, airway defense mechanisms biomarkers (mucociliary clearance, mucus properties, citology, inflammation cytokines and adhesion molecules and others) and serum cytokines and mirna.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * \>21 years * moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea * nonsmokers * ex smokers (cessation \>12 months) exclusion criteria: * infection / acute respiratory inflammation (30 days after to study entry) * history of fixed nasal obstruction * nasal or upper airways surgery * chronic diseases without optimized treatment

Keywords: obstructive sleep apnoea nasal mask oronasal mask breathing route cpap
upper-limb functional recovery with virtual reality system (bts-nirvana) associated with conventional therapy in hospitalized subacute stroke patients

Conditions: Subacute Stroke

Summary: the goal of this pilot study is to evaluate if a semi-inmersive virtual reality device works in the recovery of the function of the upper limb affected in hospitalized patients who have suffered a stroke. reseachers will compare the virtual reality device plus the usual treatment to usual treatment to see if virtual reality device works to recovery upper limb function. participants will be able to receive conventional treatment or virtual therapy plus conventional treatment 5 days a week for 4 weeks. when they are discharged, they will come to the hospital 2 times to be reviewed, 3 months and 1 year after receiving treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke confirmed by neuroimaging. * no previous stroke. * subacute phase (between 1 and 6 months after the stroke). * ability to sit with or without support. * maximum 4 on the muscle strength scale (mrc) for shoulder flexion and flexion-extension of the elbow of the upper limb on the affected side. * ability to understand and accept study procedures and to sign an informed consent having been previously informed. exclusion criteria: * previous history of brain injury, stroke and neurological or neuropsychiatric diseases. * cognitive alterations, dementia, aphasia or other alteration that causes inability to understand the meaning of the study. * clinical inestability * loss of visual capacity that difficults recognizing figures on the screen. * orthopedic conditions involving upper limbs. * refusal to participate in the study.

Keywords: stroke rehabilitation upper limb recovery physical therapy virtual reality therapy daily-life activities randomized controlled trial
local infiltration with bupivacaine to increase quality of post-operative pain control in total knee replacement

Conditions: Pain, Postoperative; Arthropathy of Knee Joint

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of periarticular injection with 0.25% bupivacaine for controlling pain after total knee replacement to improve the quality of post-operative care.

compare post operative pain control after total knee replacement by periarticular injection with 0.25% bupivacaine compare with 0.9% normal saline.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * primary osteoarthritis patients undergoing total knee replacement at siriraj hospital * bmi between 20-35 * having a full understanding of the question in this trial exclusion criteria: * allergy to nsaids, acetaminophen, bupivacaine * blood creatinine more than 1.5 mg/dl or creatinine clearance less than 60 ml/min * abnormal liver function * previous surgery on the knee undergoing total knee replacement * patient could not receive spinal anesthesia

Keywords: post operative pain total knee replacement total knee arthroplasty bupivacaine periarticular injection placebo morphine consumption
bariatric education for women with obesity and endometrial cancer

Conditions: Obesity; Endometrial Cancer; Bariatric Surgery Candidate

Summary: the purpose of this study is to examine whether a standardized video education tool will improve knowledge regarding obesity and bariatric surgery and increase bariatric surgery referrals for obese women with endometrial cancer.

an estimated 50% of all endometrial cancer cases are associated with obesity. bariatric surgery has been shown to reduce the risk of hormone-related cancers, including endometrial cancer, by up to 70-80%. this prospective, study of 80 patients will be randomized to either a standard education for weight loss provided by their oncologist or a standard education plus a 15-minute video with information regarding obesity, relationship of obesity and endometrial cancer, and the safety and benefits of bariatric surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults aged 18-80 with class ii or greater obesity (bmi ≥ 35) * have pathologically-confirmed endometrial cancer * have completed initial therapy (e.g. surgery, hormonal therapy, vaginal cuff brachytherapy, or a combination of these modalities) and require no further interventions related to cancer care. patients taking hormonal therapy as part of cancer treatment may be included. exclusion criteria: * under the age of 18 or over the age of 80 * have previously undergone bariatric surgery * requires ongoing cancer treatment with chemotherapy or whole pelvic radiation. * poor surgical candidate secondary to comorbidities or performance status.

Keywords: bariatric surgery endometrial cancer obesity
opus school meal study

Conditions: Metabolic Syndrome X

Summary: the aim of this randomized crossover study, is to investigate the effect of school meals based on a sustainable new nordic diet on growth, learning abilities, well-being, sleep quality, physical activity and risk markers of cardiovascular disease (cvd), type ii diabetes and osteoporosis in 8-11 year old danish school children. the participating 3rd and 4th grades on 9 selected primary schools will be randomized to either start receiving new nordic diet school meals for 3 month(mo) or to eat their habitual school lunch for 3 mo and then crossover for additional 3 mo. all participants will be examined three times; at baseline, after 3 mo and after 6 mo.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pupils in 3rd and 4th grades * primary schools in the zealand region and capital region of denmark * schools with an available school kitchen, that can be approved by the food authorities * schools where at least 60 % of the pupils in three or more classes signs up to participate in the study exclusion criteria: * the children should not participate in a scientific study or have participated in a scientific study within the last 4 weeks. this, however depends on the character of the other study. * the children must not suffer from serious food allergies or food intolerance. * the children must not suffer from diseases or conditions that makes them ill-suited for participation in the study, eg. malabsorptive conditions or serious mental disorders * the schools must not offer an well-established common meal plan, that provides most of the pupils with healthy food on a daily basis

Keywords: metabolic syndrome x fatty acids, omega-3 learning attention nutritional status nutrition assessments body weight physical activity sleep child nutrition sciences
observational study of patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis

Conditions: Chronic Plaque Psoriasis

Summary: this study will assess the use of risankizumab in adult patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis and compare risankizumab to other commonly used biologics.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed diagnosis of moderate to severe chronic plaque-type psoriasis diagnosed by a specialist and presence of moderate to severe psoriasis symptoms according to physician's judgement at time of recruitment. * participant starting any approved treatment for psoriasis and physician's decision must be reached prior to recruitment in the study. * participant willing to continue with study documentation after cessation of therapy. exclusion criteria: * unwillingness or inability to comply with study requirements. * participation in an interventional clinical trial, concurrently or within the last 30 days. participation in a post-market observational study (pmos) or registry is acceptable.

Keywords: chronic plaque psoriasis risankizumab biologics psoriasis vulgaris