Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
post-operative sensitivity in resin composites

Conditions: Caries,Dental; Sensitivity, Tooth

Summary: this triple-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted at the department of operative dentistry. a total of 60 participants were recruited and were randomly distributed into two groups a and b. after informed consent, restorative treatment was performed. in group a, adhesive with nanoparticles was used for composite restoration while in group b, adhesive without nanoparticles was utilized. post-operative sensitivity was recorded using vas score.

triple-blind, randomized trial, parallel group with an allocation ratio 1:1. a total of 60 participants were recruited from the outpatient department and were randomly distributed into two groups (n=30). after informed consent, restorative treatment was accomplished using an etch and rinse adhesive strategy. in group a , titanium dioxide nano-fortified adhesive was used while in group b, adhesive without nanoparticles was utilized for composite restoration. post-operative sensitivity was evaluated at follow-up period: one day, one week, two weeks and one month. visual analogue scale score was used to record the sensitivity status at follow-up intervals.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants with goof general health status * class i and ii primary carious lesion with a minimum cavity depth of 3 to 5 mm. * vital and periodontally sound teeth exclusion criteria: * patient with temporomandibular dysfunction * history of spontaneous pain * endodontically treated teeth * patient on analgesics within the past two weeks
salivary flow rate and oral function

Conditions: Food Comminution; Jaw Movements

Summary: the purpose of this study was to investigate if salivary flow rate is important to maintain adequate oral functions.

hyposalivation may damage oral functions. therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether patients under hyposalivation present damaged mastication and speech. forty subjects composed 2 groups: control (c) and hyposalivation (h). masticatory performance (mp) was carried out using artificial material and a 10-sieve method. mandibular movements during speech were obtained using a 3d jaw-tracking device. neither mastication nor speech have been impaired by low salivary flow rate.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * fully dentate * good general and oral health exclusion criteria: * signs or symptoms of temporomandibular disorders * parafunctions * malocclusion * history of communication deficits or prior speech-language treatment

Keywords: saliva mastication communication
activation of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in humans using formoterol fumarate (gb10)

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes; Obesity

Summary: one emerging, highly modifiable homeostatic mechanism for energy expenditure in humans is brown adipose tissue (bat) thermogenesis. bat is currently considered a prime target for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes (t2d). using acetate and fluorodeoxyglucose (fdg) positron emission tomography (pet) , it has been demonstrated that bat thermogenesis is inducible by chronic cold exposure. bat activation through cold exposure is associated with improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. a pharmaceutical approach, which seemed to be very promising to stimulate the activation of bat, was the use of a selective beta 3-adrenergic receptor agonist, mirabegron. nevertheless, in a later study, it has been demonstrated that human bat thermogenesis is under the control of beta-2, not beta-3, adrenergic receptor. the most selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist approved for clinical use in canada is formoterol fumarate, given in inhalation for the treatment of asthma (oxeze®). in summary, bat contributes to cold-induced thermogenesis and is recruited by chronic cold exposure as well as by a growing number of food supplements and drugs. intracellular triglyceride (tg) is the primary source of fuel for bat thermogenesis under normal physiological conditions, as blocking intracellular tg lipolysis using nicotinic acid abolishes bat thermogenesis. beta-2 adrenergic stimulation is the pharmacological target to activate bat thermogenesis in humans and may also lead to white adipose tissue lipolysis. using a highly-selective beta-2 receptor agonist with and without administration of nicotinic acid would thus give the opportunity to quantify more precisely energy expenditure accounted by bat thermogenesis and white adipose tissue metabolism in humans.

each participant will undergo three metabolic sessions with pet imaging using \[11c\]-palmitate, \[11c\]-acetate and \[18f\]-fdg: 1. during a 3-h cold exposure (study a, control condition) 2. after inhalation of formoterol with oral nicotinic acid (study b) 3. after inhalation of formoterol only (study c).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * bmi of 18 to 30 kg/m2. exclusion criteria: * change in weight of more than 2 kg over the past 3 months or recent changes in lifestyle; * the presence of any chronic medical condition requiring any pharmacological treatment; * previous intolerance or allergy to lactose, formoterol, nicotinic acid or local anesthetic agent; * any previous cardiac arrhythmia, long qt syndrome or hypokalemia; * chronic treatment with any medication other than contraceptives; * acute use of any drug other that acetaminophen or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory without decongestant or other stimulants; * smoking or consumption of more than 2 alcoholic beverages per day; * having participated to a research study with exposure to radiation in the last two years before the start of the study.

Keywords: brown adipose tissue formoterol fumarate thermogenesis
pain reduction with topical bromfenac versus artificial tear after intravitreal injection.

Conditions: Pain; Intravitreal Injection; Pain, Acute

Summary: the purpose of this prospective interventional study is to compare post-intravitreal injection pain between eyes receiving topical bromfenac versus artificial tears as an analgesic after intravitreal injection.

this proposed study is a double-masked randomized trial of adult patients receiving bilateral intravitreal injections. patient data from march 2021 to june 2022 will be collected. patient pain perception, quantified using the wong-baker faces and the short-form mcgill pain questionnaire, will be utilized to compare post-intravitreal injection pain between eyes receiving pre-injection bromfenac 0.09% ophthalmic solution versus artificial tears.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria are: * current patient of the wills eye hospital retina service including all mid atlantic retina offices * clinical indication of bilateral intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) injection as determined by the treating retina specialist for diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, diabetic macular edema, diabetic retinopathy, macular edema. proliferative retinopathy, or macular edema associated with retina vein occlusion. * age greater than 18 * patient's that have had at least three prior injections in each eye exclusion criteria are: * prior ocular surgery (non-cataract) * herpetic eye disease * uncontrolled uveitis * active conjunctivitis, keratitis or keratopathy * current unilateral use of prescription eye drops. * allergy to nsaid
safety and effectiveness of a new protease inhibitor, bms-232632, in hiv-positive patients who have received previous treatment

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: the purpose of this study is to look at the safety and effectiveness of an experimental protease inhibitor (a type of anti-hiv drug) called bms-232632. doctors will compare an anti-hiv drug combination that includes bms-232632 to a drug combination that includes ritonavir.

this is a three-arm study; patients are randomized to receive bms-232632 at two different doses or rtv in combination with sqv and two nucleoside analogues over 48 weeks. randomization is stratified for baseline phenotypic sensitivity.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria patients may be eligible for this study if they: * are hiv-positive. * have a viral load (level of hiv in the blood) of at least 2,000 copies/ml. * have a cd4 count of at least 100 cells/mm3 (or at least 75 cells/mm3 in patients who have never had an aids-defining illness). * are currently receiving an anti-hiv drug combination that includes a protease inhibitor or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (nnrti), and they have been taking this drug combination for at least 24 weeks. they must have responded well to this treatment at first (their viral load decreased) but are currently experiencing an increase in viral load. * will most likely respond well to the study drugs, as shown by the results of a lab test. * are at least 18 years old. * agree to use effective barrier methods of birth control (such as condoms). * are available for follow-up for at least 48 weeks. exclusion criteria patients will not be eligible for this study if they: * have a newly diagnosed opportunistic (hiv-related) infection requiring treatment. * have only recently become hiv positive. * abuse alcohol or drugs. * have severe diarrhea within 30 days of study entry. * have hemophilia. * have a history of pancreatitis. * have hepatitis within 30 days of study entry. * have peripheral neuropathy (a painful condition affecting the nervous system). * are unable to take medications by mouth. * are pregnant or breast-feeding.

Keywords: dose-response relationship, drug drug therapy, combination hiv protease inhibitors ritonavir saquinavir reverse transcriptase inhibitors anti-hiv agents
substance abuse and trauma in incarcerated women

Conditions: Substance Abuse; Trauma; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; Integrated Treatment; Incarcerated Women

Summary: the proposed study will evaluate covington's helping women recover (hwr) plus beyond trauma (bt) curriculum with female offenders at eddie warrior correctional facility in taft, oklahoma. the purpose of the proposed study is to expand previous findings by including a comparison group of women that are not receiving treatment but are otherwise eligible, and by using outside evaluators to conduct the assessments. furthermore, this study will extend the outcomes measured in previous evaluations by including measures of sleep disturbance, posttraumatic cognitions, and a more extensive assessment of trauma-related symptoms. the hypotheses for this study are listed below: 1. incarcerated women with substance use disorders and history of trauma enrolled in the integrated treatment program (hwr plus bt) will report significantly fewer symptoms on measures of posttraumatic stress and associated cognitions, substance use, depression, and related symptoms following treatment than those in the comparison group. 2. those in the treatment group will improve significantly more than those in the comparison group on the symptoms listed above.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * incarcerated women at eddie warrior correctional center (ewcc) in taft, oklahoma * the following 6 criteria are then employed at ewcc for hwr/bt treatment eligibility: 1. an level of service inventory (lsi) score of 30 or greater 2. an lsi protective score of 15 or less 3. 1.5 years or less remaining in prison 4. a case plan identifying substance abuse treatment need 5. ability to read and comprehend 6. 18 years of age or older exclusion criteria: * under age 18 * not incarcerated * more than 1.5 years remaining in prison * lsi score less than 30 or a protective of more than 15 * no identified substance abuse need * inability to read and comprehend

Keywords: trauma incarceration treatment substance abuse
the two-way communication checklist (2-com) in first episode psychosis patients in hong kong

Conditions: Schizophrenia; Communication

Summary: the two-way communication checklist (2-com) is a communication tool developed by van os et al. (2002). it aims to provide an opportunity for patients to voice their needs and problem to minimize the discrepancy and miscommunication between patient and professional carer. in this randomized controlled trial, the investigators aim to examine whether using 2-com checklist would lead to improvement in first episode psychosis patient's overall satisfaction, change in treatment option in clinicians and consultation time.

communication is at the heart of psychiatric practice. good communication has positive impact on treatment, treatment satisfaction and treatment adherence. however, different characteristics of psychosis barricade the communication between clinicians and patients. consequently, the divergent views of needs of care between patients and clinicians may be established due to miscommunication. such divergence may barricade the planning and the outcome of treatment. in hong kong, the core psychiatric services as well as early intervention for first episode psychosis patients are provided by psychiatric outpatient clinics. mental health services in hong kong are overwhelmed by large demands of the services and inadequate mental health care workforce such as low psychiatrists-to-population ratio and psychiatric nurse-to-population ratio. the large demands of services and inadequate mental health care workforce restrained the services' quality. in some busy psychiatric outpatient clinic, a clinician needs to consult 30 patients in a 3-hour session. hui et al. (2008) study showed that the mean consultation time in one of the general psychiatric outpatient clinic in hong kong is 5.8 minutes. to sum up, a cost-effectiveness instrument is in need for the early intervention psychiatric outpatient clinic in hong kong. the instrument has to reduce the needs' divergence, communication between clinicians and patients, and enhance the patients' involvement of clinical decision-making in the rushed psychiatric consultation. the two-way communication checklist (2-com) may satisfy the demand.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients will be included if they meet the following criteria: 1. attended the easy service; 2. were diagnosed with schizophrenia ,schizoaffective disorder or schizophreniform disorder according to icd-10; 3. were age between 15-64; 4. were able to complete the informed consent. exclusion criteria: patients will be excluded if they meet the following criteria: 1. had history of substance misuse; 2. had history of intellectual disability; 3. were non- chinese speaking patients 4. had violent risk 5. had suicidal risk

Keywords: 2-com
prestoma-trial for parastomal hernia prevention

Conditions: Rectal Adenocarcinoma

Summary: prestoma trial is designed to compare the safety and efficiency of three different meshes and techniques to prevent parastomal hernia after laparoscopic or robotic-assisted abdominoperineal resection for rectal adenocarcinoma.

parastomal hernia after permanent colostomy formation is a common problem. the european hernia society recommends the use of prophylactic mesh when the stoma is constructed. so far, there're no trials comparing the methods to prevent the parastomal hernia. prestoma trial is designed to compare the most researched retromuscular mesh (parietene macro by medtronic) with two different types of intraperitoneal meshes (parietex parastomal by medtronic and dynamesh ipst) in parastomal hernia prevention after laparoscopic or robotic-assisted abdominoperineal resection for rectal adenocarcinoma.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * abdominoperineal resection for rectal cancer with permanent end colostomy, either by laparoscopic technique or robotic assistance * 18 years or older * patient has a life expectancy of at least 12 months. * patient signs the informed consent and agrees to attend all study visits. exclusion criteria: * abdominoperineal resection by laparotomy or conversion to laparotomy * patient with a comorbid illness or condition that would preclude the use of surgery (asa 4-5). * patients with concurrent or previous malignant tumors within 5 years before study enrollment * patients with t4b tumors which impose a multi-organ resection * rectal malignancy other than adenocarcinoma * potentially curable resection not possible * patient undergoing emergency procedures * planned rectal surgery along with major concomitant procedures (e.g. hepatectomies, other intestinal resections). * metastatic disease with life expectancy of less than 1 year * pregnant or suspected pregnancy * patients living geographically distant and/or unwilling to return for follow-ups or comply with all study requirements

Keywords: rectal adenocarcinoma abdominoperineal resection hernia prophylaxis
community health workers and prevention of mother-to-child hiv transmission in tanzania

Conditions: Vertical Transmission of Infectious Disease; HIV Infections

Summary: the investigators implemented and evaluated a pilot program in shinyanga region, tanzania to bring prevention of hiv services to communities using community health workers (chws). the intervention aimed to integrate community-based maternal and child health services with hiv prevention, treatment, and care-bridging the gap between women and facility, and enhancing the potential benefits of option b+. option b+ is the current world health organization recommendation for prevention of mother-to-child transmission, but its success in sub-saharan africa may be threatened by overburdened clinics and staff. consequently, paraprofessionals like chws can be key partners in the delivery and/or enhancement of health services in the community. the study focuses on whether this approach: increases retention in care; improves adherence to antiretrovirals (arvs); or improves the number of women initiating antiretroviral therapy and the timing of initiation. investigators hypothesize improvements along primary and secondary outcome indicators in the treatment group. this evaluation helps illuminate both the impact and feasibility of the intervention, and the role that chws may play in the elimination of mother-to-child transmission services.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women who were identified in one of the medical registers used for sampling at the facility, were hiv-positive, and had a child born in either the baseline or endline cohort time windows (january and december 2014 or april and october 2015). exclusion criteria: * did not have sufficient information to link them across registers
opportunistic screening for asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction in coronavirus disease 2019 (covid19) survivors

Conditions: COVID-19

Summary: coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) emerged in december 2019, and in mere few months has resulted in a pandemic of viral pneumonia. substantial proportion of patients with covid-19 have biochemical evidence of myocardial injuries during the acute phase. possible mechanisms including acute coronary events, cytokine storm, and covid-19 related myocarditis, have been postulated for the cardiac involvement in covid-19. it is uncertain whether covid-19 survivors are at risk cardiac dysfunction including cardiac arrhythmia and heart failure. the prospective screening study aims to evaluate the possible latent effects from covid-19 in covid-19 survivors. covid-19 survivors 4-6 weeks after hospital discharge will be recruited from the infectious disease clinic, queen mary hospital with standard 12-lead electrocardiogram, serum troponin, nt-probnp, and standard transthoracic echocardiogram. the outcome measures include (1) new onset cardiac arrhythmia, (2) n terminal (nt)-probnp elevation above the diagnostic range of heart failure, and (3) newly detected left ventricular dysfunction.

coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) emerged in december 2019, and in mere few months has resulted in a pandemic of viral pneumonia. as of april 2020, over 2 million populations were infected and more than 150,000 deaths globally. in the initial report from wuhan, china, up to 27.8% covid19 patients had an elevated troponin level indicating myocardial damage during the index hospitalization for covid. this is nearly 10-folded higher than that of other common viral illnesses such as influenza (2.9%). possible mechanisms including acute coronary events, cytokine storm, and covid-19 related myocarditis, have been postulated for the cardiac involvement in covid-19. nonetheless, it is unknown whether covid-19 survivors are at risk cardiac dysfunction including cardiac arrhythmia and heart failure. the prospective screening study aims to evaluate the possible latent effects from covid-19 in covid-19 survivors. covid-19 survivors 4-6 weeks after hospital discharge will be recruited from the infectious disease clinic, queen mary hospital. standard 12-lead electrocardiogram, serum troponin, nt-probnp, and standard transthoracic echocardiogram will be performed for covid-19 survivors. the outcome measures include (1) new onset cardiac arrhythmia, (2) nt-probnp elevation above the diagnostic range of heart failure, and (3) newly detected left ventricular dysfunction.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * survivors of pcr-confirmed covid-19 * 2-6 weeks after hospital discharge with 2 consecutive negative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus (cov)-2. exclusion criteria: * pre-existing heart failure * pre-existing left ventricular systolic dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction \< 50%) * pre-existing atrial fibrillation * failure to provide informed consent
effect of mother's touch and nurse's therapeutic touch on pain level and crying time during heel blood collection

Conditions: Pain, Acute; Newborn; Crying

Summary: this prospective study is planned as a randomized controlled study with the purpose of determining the effect of mother's touch and nurse's therapeutic touch on pain levels and crying times by newborns during heel blood collection.

among the non-pharmacological methods frequently used to reduce the effects of invasive interventions on the newborn; practices such as reducing environmental stimuli, individualized developmental care, music therapy, breast milk, pacifier giving, sucrose, non-nutritive sucking, oral sucrose, kangaroo care, facilitated tucking position, and sweet solutions, massage and touching, positioning, nesting, kangaroo care, fetal positioning are included. this study is a prospective, randomized and controlled trial. in this study aim, the effect of mother's touch and nurse's therapeutic touch applied during heel blood collection on the pain levels and crying times in newborns will be examined. sample of the study consisted of a total of 120 newborns who met the sample selection criteria and were selected via randomization method. newborns were divided into three groups; mother's touch group, nurse's therapeutic touch group, and control group. data were collected using the infant-family information form, nips-neonatal infant pain scale, and crying follow-up form.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * parents who volunteered and gave consent to participate in the research * full term neonates (38-42 weeks of gestation) * underwent heel stick blood drawing for routine metabolic screening * aged 1 to 4 days * passed the hearing screening * birth weight between 2500-4400 grams * parents who know how to read, write and speak turkish. exclusion criteria: * parents with any mental problems * infants with any chronic disease and congenital anomalies.

Keywords: newborn pain therapeutic touch touch heel stick