Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
drug use & infections in vietnam: tuberculosis control

Conditions: Tuberculosis

Summary: the overarching purpose of the proposed research is to demonstrate that a targeted, multi-component community-based intervention among pwid in hai phong will decrease tb prevalence among this very high-risk population.

vietnam has a strong national tb program (ntp), but it belongs to the 20 countries with the highest tb burden in the world. a tb prevalence study among people who inject drugs (pwid) was conducted as part of the drug use \& infections in vietnam (drive) program, in collaboration with a local screening initiative (zero tb vietnam, national tb program - ntp) in 2018 in hai phong. while the annual tb rate in the general population of vietnam is 0.13%, this study found an alarming prevalence of confirmed tb cases from 1.8% to 5.6% among pwid. some populations, such as people who inject drugs (pwid), combine a very high risk of tb and low access to tb care. based on the investigators experience in operational research among pwid and their expertise in tb, they designed an intervention to end tb among a highly vulnerable population such as pwid, through significant community involvement. they hypothesize that a targeted, multi-component community-based intervention among pwid in hai phong will decrease tb prevalence among this very high-risk population. the drive-tb intervention will use four repeated large-scale randomized driven sampling surveys (rdss) to identify tb-infected pwid in the community. during rdss 1 and 4 all participants will undergo a questionnaire on tb symptoms, and have crp, chest x-ray, and sputum collection for xpert mtb-rif®. in rdss 2 and 3, participants will be screened through the best screening algorithm (elaborated in rdss1). participants from all rdss will also be screened for ltbi through tuberculin skin test (tst). moreover the 3hp ancillary study, a therapeutic cohort will assess the acceptability, safety, adherence, and cost of a 12-dose once-weekly regimen of isoniazid/rifapentine (3hp) to prevent tb disease among rdss 2 participants with a positive quantiferon test result will be assessed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age or older * self-declaring injecting heroin or any other drug * positive urine test for heroin or methamphetamine * presence of recent injection site marks exclusion criteria: * unable to understand or refused to sign informed consent * patients currently under treatment for active tb * any condition which might, in the investigator's opinion, compromise the safety of the patient by participating in the study, including very severe clinical condition * person deprived of freedom by a judicial or administrative decision

Keywords: people who inject drug screening
rituximab or zevalin - efficacy trial of therapeutic alternatives (rozetta)

Conditions: Follicular Lymphoma

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of consolidation treatment zevalin® versus maintenance treatment with rituxan® on progression-free survival (pfs) following response induction with chemotherapy plus rituximab in previously untreated participants with follicular lymphoma.

this is an open-label, multicenter and randomized study. participants registered after response induction (pr/cr) to r-chemotherapy. participants achieving either a partial response (pr) or complete response (cr) following r-chemotherapy eligible for randomization to either consolidation with 90y-ibritumumab tiuxetan followed by observation for 24 months, or rituximab maintenance for 24 months. after the observation/maintenance period, patients follow up for 5 years. this study was terminated early for business reasons. (maximum duration of study was up to approximately 2.7 months).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 to 75 years of age. * previously untreated with histologically confirmed grade 1, 2 or 3a cluster of differentiation-20 (cd20)-positive follicular lymphoma, with any of the gelf (groupe d'etude de lymphomes folliculaires) treatment criteria prior to induction. * achieved a response to induction treatment with either rituximab-cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (r-chop) (6 cycles of r-chop21 or r-chop14), rituximab-cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (r-cvp) (6 cycles), or rituximab-bendamustine (r-b) (4 to 6 cycles). * must have completed all doses of the induction treatment, except for the modifications allowed in the protocol. exclusion criteria: * transformation to high grade lymphoma (secondary to "low grade" follicular lymphoma \[fl\]). * grade 3b follicular lymphoma. * primary follicular lymphoma of the skin or gastrointestinal tract. * previous treatment of follicular lymphoma. * altered renal and hepatic function. * known human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and/or active hepatitis b virus (hbv) and/or hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection * serious co-morbid conditions (for example, ongoing infection, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, gastric ulcers, active autoimmune disease). * life expectancy \< 6. * must have: * platelet count ≥ 100x10\^9/l. * bone marrow infiltration \<25%.
effect of losartan on airway mucociliary dysfunction in patients with copd and chronic bronchitis

Conditions: COPD; Chronic Bronchitis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of losartan on cigarette smoke-induced lung injury in smokers and ex-smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. fulfill one of the group definitions above 2. age between 35 and 75 years old 3. clinical diagnosis of chronic bronchitis, defined as productive cough for at least 3 months per year for at least two consecutive years 4. stable maintenance of all current medication therapy for 3 months, including arbs for treated groups exclusion criteria 1. current therapy with angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ace) inhibitor,or intolerance to angiotensin ii receptor blockers (arb) 2. women of child bearing potential 3. current use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs or potassium supplementation, treatment with aliskiren, anticoagulation 4. copd exacerbation requiring treatment within 6 weeks of the screening visit 5. oral corticosteroid use within 6 weeks of the screening visit 6. significant hypoxemia (oxygen saturation \ 45 mmhg) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (fev1) below 40%, clinical evidence of cor pulmonale 7. untreated arterial hypertension (systolic blood pressure \>140 mm hg, diastolic blood pressure \> 90 mm hg) 8. ability to understand and willingness to sign consent documents 9. blood pressure less than 100 mm hg systolic or 70 mm hg diastolic while standing at the screening visit 10. cardiac, renal, hepatic (lfts \> 3x normal upper limit), neurological, psychiatric, endocrine or neoplastic diseases that are at the discretion of the investigator, to interfere with participation in study 11. history of renal artery stenosis 12. concomitant airway disorders other than copd and chronic bronchitis, such as bronchiectasis and asthma (history and reversible airflow obstruction by american thoracic society (ats) criteria) 13. history of pulmonary malignancies, and any other malignancies in the last 5 years 14. history of thoracic surgery. 15. acute pulmonary exacerbation within 6 weeks from the screening visit. 16. subjects with no airflow obstruction by spirometry but with a decrease in diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide(dlco) possibly indicating emphysema. 17. significant exposure to environmental tobacco smoke or atmospheric or occupational pollutants 18. urine pregnancy positive test at the screening visit.
combination of topiramate and empagliflozin is considered a good option for the treatment of obesity

Conditions: Obesity

Summary: the aim was to show if a combination of topiramate and empagliflozin have the greatest weight decreasing effect in comparison to each drug alone and to group with no treatment( control group). .

the aim was to show if a combination of topiramate and empagliflozin have the greatest weight decreasing effect in comparison to each drug alone and to group with no treatment( control group). materials and methods 200 obese patients 4 groups. had been monitored in a private clinic, each group 50 patients number, with 35 females and 15 males who were already on treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. stable weight in the previous 6 months. 2. a sedentary lifestyle. 3. no history of diabetes mellitus. 4. taking medication that affects appetite, or weight within the past 6 months exclusion criteria: 1. severe anemia 2. hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism 3. diabetes mellitus 4. moderate to severe liver or kidney disease 5. body mass index less than 30

Keywords: obesity drug combination empagliflozin(jardiance) topiramate(conviban)
hospital discharge following bariatric surgery by telepresence robot

Conditions: Severe Obesity

Summary: this is a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the effectiveness and feasibility of performing the ward round using a telepresence robot vs. a face-to-face ward round to discharge patients after bariatric surgery.

this study is aimed to analyze the effectiveness and feasibility of performing the ward round using a telepresence robot (padbot u, inbot technology ltd, china), compared to the face-to-face ward round, for hospital discharge after bariatric surgery. patients who underwent either laparoscopic roux-en-y gastric bypass or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy will be randomized to one of two groups: intervention group - who will be evaluated and discharged, on postoperative day (pod) 2, during ward rounds with the assistant team present, but the telepresent surgeon via robot; and control group - who will be evaluated and discharged, on pod 2, during ward rounds with the whole team physically present. the study main hypothesis is that the ward rounds with the surgeon telepresent by a robot are not inferior to the face to face ward rounds, to evaluate and discharge patients after bariatric surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients that underwent bariatric surgery (either laparoscopic roux-en-y gastric bypass or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy exclusion criteria: * complications during surgery; unable to sign informed consent; admitted to icu; previous foregut surgery.

Keywords: obesity bariatric surgery
machine learning model to predict outcome in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure

Conditions: Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure

Summary: acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (ahrf) is the most common cause of admission in the intensive care units (ucis) worldwide. we will assess the value of machine learning (ml) techniques for early prediction of icu death in 1,241 patients enrolled in the pandora (prevalence and outcome of acute respiratory failure) study in spain. the study was registered with clinicaltrials.gov (nct03145974). our aim is to evaluate the minimum number of variables models using logistic regression and four supervised ml algorithms: random forest, extreme gradient boosting, support vector machine and multilayer perceptron.

acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (ahrf) is the most common cause of admission in the intensive care units (ucis) worldwide. we will assess the value of machine learning (ml) techniques for early prediction of icu death in ahrf patients on mechanical ventilation (mv). few studies have investigated the prediction of mortality in patients with ahrf. for model development, the investigators will extract data for the first 2 days after diagnosis of ahrf from patients included in the de-identified database of the pandora cohort. we had a database with 2,000,000 anonymized and dissociated demographics and clinical, data from 1,241 patients with ahrf enrolled in our pandora cohort (prevalence and outcome of acute respiratory failure) from 22 spanish hospitals and coordinated by the principal investigator (jv). the investigators will follow the transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (tripod) guidelines for model prediction. we will screen collected variables employing a genetic algorithm variable selection method to achieve parsimony. we evaluated the minimum number of variables models using logistic regression and 4 supervised ml algorithms: random forest, extreme gradient boosting, support vector machine and multilayer perceptron. we will use a 5-fold cross-validation in the dataset of 1,000 patients selected randomly in training data (80%) and testing data (20%). for external validation, we will use the remaining 241 patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * endotracheal intubation plus mechanical ventilation (mv) * pao2/fio2 ratio ≤300 mmhg under mv with positive end-expiratory pressure (peep) ≥5 cmh2o and fio2 ≥0.3. exclusion criteria: * post-operative patients ventilated \<24 h * brain death patients.

Keywords: outcome mechanical ventilation machine learning
locked-in syndrome caused by pulmonary arteriovenous malformation: a case report

Conditions: Locked-In Syndrome；Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation

Summary: in this case, we report a case of atresia syndrome (lis), a serious neurological disease caused by pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (pavm). we present a previously healthy middle-aged woman who developed atresia syndrome after severe pontine infarction due to basilar artery occlusion due to undiagnosed arteriovenous malformation. this report reviewed the medical history, post-admission examination and related literature, and concluded that pavm should be considered as the cause of implicit stroke, especially in young patients with right-to-left shunt, and should be actively treated.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a case of locked-in syndrome due to pulmonary arteriovenous malformation exclusion criteria: * patients or family members objected to the study
topotecan and melphalan for retinoblastoma

Conditions: Retinoblastoma; Chemotherapy Effect

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate topotecan and melphalan for retinoblastoma patients.

to evaluate the effectiveness and complications of topotecan and melphalan for intraocular injection in retinoblastoma patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed as retinoblastoma * receiving eyeball-sparing treatment exclusion criteria: * disease progression during follow-up

Keywords: retinoblastoma topotecan melphalan
prospective validation of the emergency heart failure mortality risk grade (ehmrg) score in patients with acute heart failure in the emergency department

Conditions: Heart Failure; Heart Diseases; Acute Heart Failure

Summary: in this prospective validation study, researchers investigates accuracy of ehmrg (emergency heart failure mortality risk grade) score in predicting the 7th and 30th day risk of mortality in patients with acute heart failure who applying to the emergency department.

heart failure is a serious public health problem in the world due to its high morbidity and mortality rate.turkish society of cardiology conducted a prevalence study. the name of the study is happy. accordingly, the prevalence of heart failure in people over 35 years of age in turkey is 2.9%.the prevalence of heart failure in turkey is higher than in european countries. the incidence of heart failure cases with no obvious symptoms is 4.9% in turkey. patients with a diagnosis of heart failure apply to the emergency department frequently. there are scoring studies around the world for patients' hospitalization and discharge. ehmrg score created and validated by douglas s. lee et al. in our study, the accuracy of ehmrg score will be investigated prospectively in patients diagnosed with acute heart failure in the emergency department.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients diagnosed with acute heart failure in the emergency department exclusion criteria: * dialysis dependent patients * pregnant patients * patients brought to the emergency department with cardiac arrest

Keywords: mortality emergency department heart failure hospitalization risk assessment discharge planning
safety and efficacy of carbon dioxide insufflation during colonoscopy with consecutive esophagogastroduodenoscopy in reduction of abdominal pain in sedated outpatients

Conditions: Pain

Summary: compared with performing each procedure individually, performing two combined procedures such as colonoscopy consecutive esophagogastroduodenoscopy (egd) cause more bowel gases, abdominal distension and post-procedure pain because of longer procedure time related to more bowel insufflated gas than one procedure. to the best of the investigators knowledge, there has been no randomized controlled trial of co2 versus air for insufflations during combined two procedures, colonoscopy with consecutive egd. and there are a few well randomized trials concerned co2 insufflation in patients receiving sedation during colonoscopy. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of co2 in reducing post-procedural abdominal pain and distension during colonoscopy consecutive egd and to confirm the safety of co2 insufflation when it is used during procedure in sedated outpatients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * outpatients between the ages of 18 and 70 years who are scheduled for colonoscopy with consecutive egd exclusion criteria: * age \ 70 years * pregnancy * breast feeding * chronic obstructive lung disease (copd) * known co2 retention and refusal to participate in the study

Keywords: carbon dioxide insufflation colonoscopy esophagogastroduodenoscopy bowel insufflation postprocedure pain pain due to certain specified procedures
study of pf-05221304 in subjects with varying degrees of hepatic impairment

Conditions: Hepatic Impairment

Summary: hepatic impairment pk study

this is a non randomized, open label, single dose, parallel cohort, multisite study to investigate the effect of varying degrees of hepatic impairment on the plasma pharmacokinetics (total and unbound) of pf-05221304 after a single oral dose administered in the fed state.

Eligibility criteria:
key exclusion criteria: all subjects - * adults \ 70 years of age * bmi \ 35.4 kg/m2 * hiv positive * conditions that affect drug absorption * positive breath alcohol test healthy/ those without hepatic impairment - * known or suspected hepatic impairment * evidence of hepatitis b or c * on any chronic medications those with varying degrees of hepatic impairment - * not meeting classification a, b, or c of hepatic impairment based on child-pugh classification * evidence of hepatic carcinoma or hepatorenal syndrome or limited predicted life expectancy * recent gi bleed * moderate or severe renal impairment * hepatic encephalopathy grade 3 or higher
promoting physical activity engagement for people with early-stage cerebellar ataxia

Conditions: Cerebellar Ataxia

Summary: engage-ataxia will implement a physical activity coaching program for people with cerebellar ataxia at teachers college, columbia university. this program expands upon the current engage program for people with parkinson's disease (engage-pd), an exercise coaching program for people with early stage parkinson's disease to target individuals with early stage cerebellar ataxia. engage-ataxia will utilize a physical or occupational therapist to provide up to five one-on-one coaching sessions for individuals newly diagnosed with cerebellar ataxia. therapists will work with participants to provide individualized structured support to facilitate and optimize exercise uptake as one part of comprehensive disease management. participants will undertake two assessments three months apart, and will receive coaching interventions via zoom healthcare platform. the primary objective of this program is to increase physical activity and exercise engagement in individuals with early stage cerebellar ataxia. this feasibility study will provide preliminary data and insight into the benefits of a remote coaching intervention for people with cerebellar ataxia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * neurologist confirmed diagnosis of cerebellar ataxia * scale for ataxia rating and assessment (sara) score between 8-25 (total score of 40), which will capture mild to moderate stage of the disease * ambulatory for indoor and outdoor mobility without assistance or assistive device * successful completion of physical activity readiness questionnaire (par-q) or medical clearance from primary doctor * medical clearance to exercise exclusion criteria: * musculoskeletal injury that would prevent participation in an exercise program * other neurological disease or disorder such as stroke * cardiac/pulmonary conditions that would affect participants ability to participate exercise program * metabolic conditions that would affect participants during an exercise program * currently do moderate-vigorous exercise 5 days a week or more

Keywords: physical activity physical therapy balance training physical activity coaching neurodegenerative disease rehabilitation
low intensity exercise in different normobaric/hypobaric normoxic/hypoxic conditions.

Conditions: Baro-reflex Sensitivity; Heart Rate Variability; EEG, Microstates; Cerebral Blood Flow Regulation; Cerebral Oxygenation; Oxygen Saturation; Concentration Performance

Summary: the main goal of this project is to investigate how low intensity cycling exercise (1.5w/kg, for 6 minutes) influences cerebral functions, such as: cerebral blood flow, oxygenation, and other physiological variables in different normobaric and hypobaric hypoxic conditions.

subjects will bike at 1w/kg for 6 minutes at different simulated altitude level in the hypobaric chamber at the fai in dübendorf. concentration performance also will be measured to better understand how hypobaric and hypoxia conditions may affect physiological responses, cerebral and cognitive functions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * study indication * male and female subjects from 18 years to 40 years of age * healthy volunteer * signed informed consent after being informed exclusion criteria: * contraindications to the study intervention. * define drugs, treatments or interventions not allowed during the study or for specific periods of time prior to the intervention, * women who are pregnant or breast feeding, * intention to become pregnant during the course of the study, * known or suspected non-compliance, drug or alcohol abuse, * previous problem with hypoxia or altitude exposure, * known pathologies/diseases * relevant medical disorders * anemia or poor health * history of flight sickness

Keywords: hypoxia baro-reflex sensitivity low-intensity exercise hear rate variability eeg concentration performance
quality of life and lung function on post covid-19 patient

Conditions: COVID-19

Summary: gaining a greater understanding of how the breathing exercise combined with aerobic and strengthening exercises will affects lung function and quality of life in post covid-19 persons

this will improve exercise prescription guidelines relevant to this post covid-19. therefore, the purpose of this work was determining the effect of breathing exercise combined with aerobic and strengthening exercises in improve chest expansion, lung function and quality of life in post covid-19 persons.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female. age from 20 to 30 years old. - body mass index (bmi) 19 to 24 kg/m2.- non-smoker- recovered from covid-19 over the past 12 months. - they are experiencing mild to moderate symptoms without any complications. - * able to use online communication programs. exclusion criteria: * - anyone who does regular physical exercise. * history of acute illness, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, hypertension, diabetes disease. * hypoxemia in rest.