Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
us-guided rfa vs mwa in the treatment of benign thyroid nodules

Conditions: Thyroid Nodule (Benign)

Summary: to evaluate the clinical outcomes of rfa and mwa for benign thyroid nodules treatment

the thyroid nodule is one of the most common lesions in clinical practice and has been increasingly detected in approximately 50% of the general population by ultrasound (us) examination in the past two decades due to the widespread use of radiological imaging. benign thyroid nodules (btns) proven cytologically by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (fnab) account for 85 to 95% of all thyroid nodules. despite the fact that the majority of thyroid nodules diagnosed are benign and do not cause significant clinical symptoms, some nodules may lead to compression-related symptoms. in addition, thyrotoxic symptoms may develop due to hyperfunctioning of some nodules. to date, surgical resection is the main treatment for thyroid nodules. however, it has serious drawbacks such as leading to excessive surgical trauma or hypothyroidism, influencing the aesthetic aspect of the neck, or increasing a post-operative recurrence rate. rfa has shown good efficacy and safety in the management of thyroid nodule related cosmetic problems and pressure symptoms. mwa is a newly developed local thermal ablation technique that has fast heating speed, strong coagulation ability and large ablation zone, and has become a great therapeutic method in heat ablation therapy (8) the advantages of ultrasound-guided minimally invasive ablation therapy over the traditional surgery include simpler operation and shorter treatment time. (8)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * solid or mixed nodules with predominant solid component with benign pathological result from us guided fine needle aspiration (fnac). * symptomatic and/or cosmetic problems. * clinical thyrotoxicosis and hyperthyroidism caused by autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (aftns) * refusal or ineligible for surgery. * anxiety about a malignant transformation. exclusion criteria: * malignant nodules on us. * cytological evidence for malignancy * patients with abnormal coagulation profile. * previous surgery or medicine for the thyroid, and vocal cord palsy in the side contralateral to the target nodules.
the effect of low level light therapy on histamine- and mucuna pruriens-induced pruritus in healthy volunteers

Conditions: Healthy Volunteers

Summary: this is a prospective, double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled study whose primary aim is to test whether lllt changes the intensity of itch after histamine application in healthy volunteers compared to sham application.

rationale and relevance of the study low-level light therapy (lllt) is a method of photobiomodulation that involves the clinical application of light with wavelengths typically in the range of 600 to 1100 nm and with a typical power density of 5 mwcm² to 5 wcm². clinical studies have demonstrated positive effects of lllt on pain processing, which is attributed to a reduction in neurogenic inflammation and associated neuronal sensitisation. this has been proven by testing for hyperaesthesia or allodynia. in the course of neurogenic inflammation, histamine liberation also occurs, which can be associated with itching. chronic itching is also frequently associated with somatosensory abnormalities in analogy to chronic pain. itch-associated dysaesthesias, such as mechanical allocnesia and hyperknesia, can be seen as evidence of neuronal sensitisation in pruritus patients. oliviera et al. were able to demonstrate an antipruritic effect of lllt in a case observation of five burn victims. by irradiating with laser, whose photobiomodulative mechanisms are similar to the mechanisms of lll therapy, this effect was also investigated in lichen planus patients. the effect of lll on pruritus can be demonstrated in the case observation of five burn victims. itch models can be divided into histamine-induced and non-histamine-induced. to date, there has been no structured investigation of the antipruritic effect of lll, nor is it clear to what extent the itch-inducing mechanism has an influence on the suspected efficacy of lll.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * written informed consent of the participant * healthy test persons aged 18-60 * for female volunteers, negative pregnancy test exclusion criteria: * known allergy or hypersensitivity to histamine or the mucuna pruriens * history of skin diseases * tattoos in the test area * neoplasia in the test area * pacemaker * pregnancy * epilepsy * piercings * fever * local acute infection, skin inflammation/rashes
pharmacokinetics study comparing topical diclofenac/menthol gels with voltaren gel and oral diclofenac sodium

Conditions: Pain

Summary: this research study is being conducted to characterize the pharmacokinetic properties of a new topical medication (mfc51123) that contains two active ingredients (diclofenac and menthol) in two formulation packages. one formulation package is in the form of a gel in aluminum tube and the other one in the form of a gel in roll-on applicator bottle. additionally, as a comparison, the pharmacokinetic properties of a marketed diclofenac gel and an oral diclofenac treatment will also be characterized. this topical diclofenac/menthol gel has being developed to treat mild to moderate pain and inflammation, such as acute sport injuries, sprains and strains. the rationale for conducting the study is to prove that repeated topical treatment of the new diclofenac + menthol formulation in either of the two packages does not result in unsafe systemic exposure.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants aged 18 to 50 years * body mass index between 19-28 (kg/m2) exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating females * participants having intolerance or hypersensitivity to study material * participants having positive results for hiv, hepatitis b or hepatitis c * participants having skin lesion at site of application * participants having history of alcohol or drug abuse
accuracy of 5d lb ultrasound in predicting birth weight of preterm fetuses : a pilot study

Conditions: Prematurity

Summary: 5d and 2d ultrasound will be done for pregnant women within 72hours before preterm delivery to determine estimated fetal weight by ultrasound. the estimated fetal weight by 5d and 2d ultrasound will be compared to the actual birth weight to determine accuracy of 5d ultrasound in predicting actual birth weight .


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 28 to 34 weeks * preterm termination of pregnancy * singleton pregnancy * any obstetric or medical cause for termination of pregnancy exclusion criteria: * iufd * multiple pregnancy * congenital anomalies
biofilm formation on different endotracheal tube materials

Conditions: Respiratory Insufficiency; Ventilator-associated Pneumonia

Summary: three endotracheal tubes (etts) with different surfaces properties will be studied regarding formation and structure of the biofilm formed on those etts. cultures from oropharynx and tracheal secretions as well as pieces of the ett will be examined. findings from electron microscopy (em) and microbiology will be analyzed and compared in respect to the three materials.

ventilator associated pneumonia (vap) is a frequent and costly complication to mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions and fragments of biofilm from the endotracheal tube are the main causes of vap. it is well known that biofilm is formed on medical devices and several initiatives to reduce the development of such biofilms have been taken. however it is still a large clinical problem and colleagues have performed studies to find out the structure of the biofilms formed on the ett and to what extent microbiological findings correlate to images from em. in this study the investigators will compare microbiology and em images in that same manner. three different etts will be examined. the investigators will be using each of the three etts for a period of time sufficient to retrieve samples from at least 20 etts of each kind. only one kind of ett will be used during the specified time period, no randomization. the test will be performed in the order mentioned below a - b - c all of the three tubes are ce-marked (conformité européenne) and are available on the market. icu patients needing mechanical ventilation will be intubated with the three different devices with different surfaces characteristics. the tubes are: a - standard poly vinyl chloride (pvc) tube; b - pvc with a silicon coating; c - pvc with a special metal film coating

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients needing invasive mechanical ventilation through an endotracheal tube exclusion criteria: * anticipated need for mechanical ventilation less than 24 hours

Keywords: ett biofilm mechanical ventilation critical illness ventilator-associated pneumonia
estrogen alternatives study

Conditions: Healthy

Summary: healthy postmenopausal women not currently taking hormone replacement or hormone modulating therapy take a 3-month course of estradiol/raloxifene/placebo to evaluate the effects of each on vascular function, as indicated by pet coronary flow reserve studies and brachial artery ultrasound, before and after use of the therapies. this is a randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded study.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * postmenopausal women (no menses for greater than or equal to 12 months, or s/p \[status post\] hysterectomy with bilateral ovariectomy) not currently taking hormone replacement therapy (within previous 3 months) * normal mammogram within previous 12 months exclusion criteria: * current or recent (within previous 3 months) hormone replacement therapy * current or recent (within previous 3 months) use of hormone alternatives such as raloxifene, tamoxifen, or soy estrogen preparations. * ldl cholesterol \> 160 mg/dl. * history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, current smoking, history of dvt (deep vein thrombosis) or pe (pulmonary embolism), active gallbladder disease, family history of premature (men under 55 yrs, women under 65 yrs) coronary artery disease * history of breast, uterine, or ovarian cancer contraindication to adenosine administration (i.e., significant bronchospastic pulmonary disease, higher degree heart block) * inability to give informed consent * inability to temporarily (for 24 hours) discontinue potential vasoactive drugs, such as anti-inflammatory agents and aspirin, at least 24 hours prior to the examinations. * history of coronary heart disease

Keywords: endothelial function hormone replacement therapy coronary flow reserve posmenopausal women women's cardiovascular heatlh
administration of acetazolamide to prevent remifentanil induced hyperalgesia

Conditions: Hyperalgesia; Opioid-Related Disorders

Summary: remifentanil is a potent opioid widely used during the administration of general anesthesia. there is a lot of evidence that suggest that the used of remifentanil is associated with the development of hyperalgesia (a reduction of nociceptive thresholds). however, the mechanism of this hyperalgesia is not fully understood. recently, it was demonstrated that the disruption of the cl- homeostasis could be involved. interestingly, this was prevented in a murine model with the administration of acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. in our clinical trial we will try to determine if the preoperative administration of acetazolamide could prevent the hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil in patients scheduled for thyroidectomy with general anesthesia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients scheduled for thyroidectomy with general anesthesia in the university of chile clinical hospital exclusion criteria: * patients asa iii y iv * chronic pain history * drug and alcohol abuse * chronic use of opioid and sedatives * neuropsychiatric illness * nsaid and other analgesics used the 48 hours previous to the surgery * cmi \> 30

Keywords: opioid hyperalgesia acetazolamide remifentanil
prevention of bladder dysfunction in acute spinal cord injury

Conditions: Spinal Cord Injuries; Urinary Bladder, Overactive

Summary: this study is a double blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial to explore the effect of early treatment with onabotulinumtoxin a in patients with acute complete motor spinal cord injury (sci) on the development of neurogenic detrusor overactivity (ndo). a total of 20 patients will be randomized to intra-detrusor injection of 300 u onabotulinumtoxin a in 30 ml nacl 0.9 % or placebo with 30 ml nacl 0.9 %. bladder biopsies will be obtained in the same procedure. the treatment will be repeated after three months. all included patients will be evaluated with urodynamic examinations. follow-up is 12 months after the first treatment. the primary endpoint of the study is development of ndo.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with documented acute, motor complete c6 to th11 spinal cord injury * patients can be included in the study less than four weeks after injury * male or female, aged 18 to 80 years old * patient weight \> 40 kg * patient is able and willing to sign informed consent * patient is able to complete all study requirements exclusion criteria: * neurogenic detrusor overactivity with contractions greater than 40 cm h2o at first visit * history or evidence of previous urological abnormalities, disease or surgery, except bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury * history of haematuria or ongoing haematuria, if the hematuria is determined to be a pathologic condition or is uninvestigated * pregnancy or females of childbearing potential unwilling to use a reliable form of contraception * breastfeeding * known allergy to onabotulinumtoxin a * grave psychiatric disorder * use of anti-platelet or anti-coagulant other than low molecular weight heparin (lmwh) or acetylsalicylic acid * haemophilia or other clotting disorders that cause bleeding diathesis * treatment with antimuscarinic medication within 3 months of randomization * treatment with botulinum toxin of any serotype within 3 months of randomization * patient has been immunized for any botulinum toxin serotype * patient has any medical condition that may put the patient at increased risk with exposure to botulinum toxin including diagnosed myasthenia gravis, eaton-lambert syndrome or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis * patient has any condition or situation, which, in the investigator's opinion, puts the patient at significant risk, could confound the study results, or may interfere significantly with the patient's participation in the study

Keywords: spinal cord injury neurogenic overactive bladder onabotulinum toxin a prevention botulinum toxins, type a
brain-gut interactions in crohn's disease

Conditions: Crohn's Disease

Summary: the primary aims for this research are to 1) characterize brain changes in patients with cd compared to age and gender-matched controls and 2) relate these brain changes to measures of disease activity and pain severity.

brain-gut interactions have been studied in chronic pain conditions of the gastrointestinal (gi) tract such as irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) and chronic pancreatitis. these studies suggest that alterations in the brain-gut axis may relate to disease severity and pain perception. inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by periods of disease activity and periods of disease quiescence. crohn's disease (cd) is one of the two major subtypes of ibd. patients with cd typically experience abdominal pain when the disease is active; however, many also report experiencing pain in the absence of objective evidence of inflammation. alterations in brain-gut interactions may explain the perception of pain in these patients. currently, there is a paucity of data regarding brain changes in patients with ibd and cd, specifically. we are proposing a pilot study to characterize brain-gut interactions of disease activity and pain modulation mechanisms in patients with ibd using advanced neuroimaging tools.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18 years of age or older * a diagnosis of crohn's disease by endoscopy or radiographic imaging * must have crohn's disease in symptomatic remission as defined by a harvey-bradshaw score of 3 * no contraindications to mri per uwhc screening form * able to provide informed consent exclusion criteria: * women that are pregnant * contraindications to mri per uwhc screening form * other chronic pain disorders (e.g. fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, irritable bowel disorder) unrelated to their diagnosis of ibd. * scheduled medications for the treatment of pain (e.g. acetaminophen, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, narcotics) will be excluded.
robot coach of chronic low back pain patient

Conditions: Chronic Low Back Pain

Summary: the objective of keraal technological project is to create a new intelligent robot which allows a humanoid robot to record then to show and to follow the progress of rehabilitation sessions proposed by a physiotherapist to a patient, the latter being able to practice without the physiotherapist. the final objective is to stimulate and increase the overseen time of rehabilitation. poppy robot was chosen as it is able to realize all kind of movements notably movements of the spine with 5 degrees of freedom associated to the several levels of the spine. it will allow to address the population included in the protocol. rcool study tries to validate this prototype device as tool of rehabilitation. the main objective is the feasibility of the supervision by a humanoid robot of a succession of rehabilitation exercises. rcool study is a randomized clinical trial checked under single-blind condition to compare two rehabilitation strategies, one with exercises executed by the patients and supervised by poppy and the other one with usual rehabilitation protocol.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * chronic low back pain (more than 6 months) * patient who has completed an outpatient rehabilitation program with at least 20 spine-centric sessions * inclusion in a low back pain rehabilitation program in an inpatient our outpatient unit. * adult between 18 and 70 years old * patient affiliated to french social security system * patient having signed an informed consent of participation for research exclusion criteria: * symptomatic low back pain (identified medical etiology) * isolated sciatica, whatever the cause * cruralgia * chronic widespread pain * age lower than 18 and higher than 70 * unfit of agreeing or refusing to participate in the study * unstable medical situation preventing the continuous realization of a program of at least 4 weeks

Keywords: chronic low back pain rehabilitation robot poppy
fontan physiology ventilation strategy

Conditions: Anesthesia; Congenital Heart Disease

Summary: this study will investigate the different tidal volume (vt) strategies during a cardiac catheterization procedure to determine whether or not low or high vt have an impact on cardiac output. research question: while maintaining the same minute ventilation/paco2, does higher vt (10 cc/kg)/lower rate vs. lower vt (6 cc/kg)/higher rate (maintaining consistent peep) result in improved cardiac output?

the trial will be a randomized crossover design. the study cohort will be randomized (50/50) to begin with either low vt or high vt ventilation. after achieving steady state, initial cardiac output measurements will be made using a measured oxygen consumption (vo2) and the fick principle, per routine clinical protocol. following baseline assessment of cardiac output and hemodynamics (which is standard of care for all catheterization procedures), participants will be transitioned to the alternative ventilation modality (high vt or low vt). after a 5-minute equilibration period, oxygen saturations and vo2 measurements will be re-acquired, to determine cardiac output and hemodynamics in this second state.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients of upmc children's hospital of pittsburgh that have fontan physiology (single heart ventricle) that are presenting as outpatients to undergo a cardiac catheterization with general endotracheal anesthesia for purpose of diagnosis or interventional cath. * parents and/or guardians willing to provide informed consent. exclusion criteria: * those unwilling to give consent and those patients who do not have fontan physiology. * any urgent/emergent catheterization procedure will be excluded. * any fontan patient having a cardiac catheterization under monitored anesthesia care (as opposed to general endotracheal anesthesia) will not be eligible. * inability to undergo cardiac catheterization. * pregnant women will be excluded. * \< 6 weeks post-op from fontan completion surgery * same hospitalization as fontan completion surgery * intrinsic pulmonary disease which would be anticipated to impact study protocol / findings * fontan completion surgery performed at age \> 7 years
the association of sleep and psychological symptoms with prognosis of msk pain in danish general practice

Conditions: Musculoskeletal Pain; Insomnia; Anxiety; Depressive Symptoms

Summary: musculoskeletal (msk) pain is a major public health concern. approximately one in four consult their general practitioner (gp) with a musculoskeletal problem during the course of a year, making it the largest diagnostic group. modifiable factors including affective disorders (e.g. anxiety and depressive symptoms) and sleep problems may be important prognostic factors for msk pain. however, there is a lack of prospective research examining the interaction between these conditions in patients with msk pain in a gp-setting.

this is a prospective cohort study of 299 participants from a gp-setting. investigators will evaluate the occurrence of msk pain at one-year follow-up and how the predictors (anxiety, depressive, and sleep problems and multi-site msk pain) are associated with prognosis of msk pain. a secondary aim will be to identify those factors associated with new onset msk pain. participants will complete a sleep questionnaire (the athens insomnia questionnaire) containing 8 questions about sleep quality and quantity and a questionnaire (the hospital anxiety and depression score)) containing 14 questions focusing on anxiety and depression.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged 12 years visiting the gp who contributed baseline data and over who consented to be contacted as part of a prospective cohort study based on baseline assessment, patients were divided into two separate groups: the msk pain group and the control group (representing the pain-free background population in general practice). inclusion criteria for msk pain group: * musculoskeletal pain at any body site * pain least once a week during the preceding month * pain that negatively interfere with the participant's usual activities. the same criteria for 'msk pain' apply for the follow-up study.