Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
diagnostic potential of pet/mri in cardiac sarcoidosis

Conditions: Sarcoidosis; Cardiomyopathies

Summary: the aim of the study is to find better and more specific non-invasive methods to diagnose and stage cardiac sarcoidosis with the use of advanced imaging modalities, simultaneous 3t mri and pet. cardiac sarcoidosis is a disease of possibly fatal outcome in young people. the use of a combined pet/mri system with 18f-fdg and a new inflammation-tracer (18f-ge180) can become a future game changer. sarcoid induced focal inflammation in myocardium should show high 18f-ge180 uptake. 18f-ge180 pet scans will give reliable data about inflammatory sarcoidosis activity in the myocardium. 18f-ge180 pet is expected to improve diagnostic accuracy compared to 18f-fdg-pet and/or contrast enhanced mri.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * heart department: suspicion of myocardial sarcoidosis after contrast enhanced cardiac mri * lung department: clinically verified lung and/or mediastinal sarcoidosis exclusion criteria: * known malignancies * treatment for sarcoidosis started * severe arrhythmia * patients with pacemakers or defibrillator * claustrophobia * known alcohol or drug abuse * kidney failure (egfr \< 30) * weight \> 120 kg * diabetes mellitus type i and ii * patients that take immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory medication for any reason

Keywords: diagnostic imaging positron emission tomography computed tomography magnetic resonance imaging
sixteen weeks of resistance training in hypertensive elderly, effects on heart rate variability

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: this study evaluates the inffluence of 16 weeks of resistance training on heart rate variability of hypertensive elderlies patients. all volunteers will be divided in two groups, one will participate in a protocol of sixteen weeks of resistance training, an the other will remain sedentary.

this study evaluates the inffluence of 16 weeks of resistance training on heart rate variability using time and frequency-domains by ecg tracks. will be assessed the blood pressure using the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring method of hypertensive elderly patients. all volunteers will be divided in two groups, one will participate in a protocol of sixteen weeks of resistance training prescribed with a relative workload of 50% of 1 maximal repetition, an the ontrol group will remain sedentary.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hypertensives * age 60 to 80 years * nonactive exclusion criteria: * orthopedic problems or other problem that prevented the exercises * change in drug treatment during protocol * absence in more than 25% of the exercise sessions

Keywords: hypertension elderly resistance training heart rate variability
evaluating the acceptability and uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (prep) for adolescent women in the deep south

Conditions: Adolescent Behavior; HIV/AIDS; PrEP

Summary: this project is designed to 1) develop a prep implementation plan for a general adolescent clinic. investigators will develop a replicable implementation plan for providing prep to adolescents in a primary care setting; and 2) determine the acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of a telehealth intervention to promote adherence in adolescents.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * females between 15 to 21 years old * established patients at the adolescent health center * hiv negative exclusion criteria: * hiv positive patients * patients weighing less than 35kg * patients with creatinine clearance \<60 ml/min * patients with documented osteopenia or osteoporosis or history of pathologic fractures * patients with previous allergic reactions to either emtricitabine or tenofovir * patients who are on post-exposure prophylaxis for hiv (they can become eligible after completion of therapy) * patients with hepatic impairment * for patients who become pregnant, they may be able to continue on prep after a discussion with their obstetrics/gynecology (ob/gyn) provider.
physical training and diet for childhood obesity

Conditions: Obesity, Childhood

Summary: it is observed that children affected with covid-19 who are physically inactive or in a sedentary lifestyle may induce and develop childhood obesity (co). the management of this clinical condition has received very little attention, there is no well-defined exercise protocols or dietary prescription for this special population; therefore, it needs an elaborative trial in this field, so the aim of his study was to find the clinical and biochemical effects of high-intensity aerobic training with a high protein diet in childhood obesity following covid-19 infection


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a positive diagnosis of covid-19 * male children * 5 - 12 years of age body mass index (bmi). * between 85t h to 99th percentiles were considered for childhood obesity. exclusion criteria: * subjects with a history of physical training * taking medications, recent surgeries. * fractures and joint problems in the lower extremity. * cardiac and respiratory problems. * neurological issues, major psychiatric problems. * any other systemic diseases, contraindications for physical training.
ultrasound-guided biofeedback for transversus abdominus re-education in non-specific low back pain patients

Conditions: Non-specific Low Back Pain (NSLBP)

Summary: as rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (rusi) for monitoring and re-educating deep trunk muscles is becoming more and more popular in current musculoskeletal rehabilitation and research, the purpose of this pilot study was to explore the effects of applying ultrasound-guided imaging as a means of feedback for the activation/contraction of the deep transervsus abdominis muscle of the trunk during an exercise programme in people with non-specific low back pain (nslbp). the outcome mesures being explored were pain intensity (primary outcome) through numeric pain rating scale (nprs), functional, muscular and psychosocial parameters.

background: it is believed that ultrasound-guided imaging of activation/contraction of the deep abdominal muscles (such as transervsus abdominis) is useful for assisting deep muscle re-education, which is often dysfunctional in non-specific low back pain (nslbp). thus, this pilot study aimed to evaluate the use of real-time ultrasound (us) as a feedback device for transverse abdominis (tra) activation/contraction during an exercise program in chronic nslbp patients. methods: chronic nslbp patients are recruited and randomly assigned to an us-guided or control group. the same motor control-based exercise program is applied to both groups. all patients would receive physiotherapy twice per week for 7 weeks. outcome measures, tested at baseline and post-intervention, include numeric pain rating scale (nprs), tra activation level (measured through a pressure biofeedback unit-based developed protocol), seven established motor control tests, roland-morris disability questionnaire (rmdq) and hospital anxiety and depression scale (hads). analysis of variance utilizing a two-way mixed anova model for dependent measures of two factors (treatment group and time point of measurement) of which only one is repeated (time point of measurement) is performed to determine between- and within-group differences before and after treatment. additionally, independent samples' t-test and paired samples' t-test are used for differences between and within groups, respectively, as well as χ2 tests for differences on the motor control tests and the tra activation level procedure across the groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults aged 18-60 years-old * suffered from nslbp lasting longer than 12 weeks, producing moderate or severe disability exclusion criteria: * people with previous spinal surgery * people suffering from systemic diseases * pregnant women
bci (brain computer interface) intervention in autism

Conditions: Autism Spectrum Disorder

Summary: this study aims to demonstrate that improvements in identification of social clues (and improvement of overall social behaviour) in subjects with asd can be achieved using social games together with a bci setup. the primary goal is to ensure increased rate of responses to joint attention cues. intervention type is a device (brain computer interface using eeg). structure: (1) initial eligibility screening (within 1 week after admission), (2) pre-intervention (first week of study, baseline outcome measures and additional evaluations), (3) intervention process (16 weeks), (4) post-intervention (outcome measures and additional evaluations), and (5) follow-up (outcome measures at 6 months).

clinical research has demonstrated that asd children have deficits in the interpretation of others intentions from gaze-direction or other social attention cues (baron-cohen, baldwin, \& crowson, 1997). the purpose of the study is to investigate whether a brain computer interface (bci) using electroencephalographic (eeg) signals can be used to train social cognition skills (in particular interpretation of gaze direction pointing to objects of interest) in asd patients and whether this improves clinical symptoms. the intervention comprehends seven bci sessions spread over four months. the first four sessions are planned to occur weekly, and the rest monthly. in each session, the subject is asked to identify objects of interest based on the gaze direction of an avatar. the subject response is interpreted from the eeg signal (using the p300 component, as established in our previous work).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * positive diagnostic results for asd in: autism diagnostic interview-revised; autism diagnostic observation schedule; the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (dsm-5) criteria. exclusion criteria: * global intelligence quotient \< 80 * associated medical condition such as epilepsy, neurocutaneous or other genetic syndromes, or other usual comorbidity in asd samples
biomarker development for muscular dystrophies

Conditions: Myotonic Dystrophy; Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy; Becker Muscular Dystrophy; Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy

Summary: current methods of measuring the response to new treatments for muscular dystrophies involve the examination of small pieces of muscle tissue called biopsies. the investigators are interested in finding less invasive methods that reduce the need for muscle biopsies. the purpose of this research is to learn about the possibility of detecting and measuring the activity and severity of muscular dystrophies by examining a urine sample and a blood sample, and some muscles in the arms and legs using tests called ultrasound and electrical impedance myography; both tests are painless and non-invasive. the information that is gathered from this study may help to evaluate, prevent, diagnose, treat, and improve the understanding of human muscle diseases.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects with dm1 or dm2 based on genetic testing and/or clinical criteria (some subjects who have positive genetic testing may be asymptomatic, while other subjects who show characteristic clinical features may have declined to have genetic testing done). control non-dm subjects are unknown to have dm or any other muscular dystrophy by history and may have had no genetic testing. * able to provide informed consent or assent for participation in the study. * demographic characteristics for single biofluid collection: males and females age 5 years and older. * demographic characteristics for serial biofluid and muscle function testing: males and females age 14 years and older with dm1. * demographic characteristics for biofluid and muscle biopsy: males and females, ages 18-65 years. demographic characteristics for single biofluid collection, ultrasound, and myography: males and females age 14 years and older. exclusion criteria: * medical history of any of the following. state of immunosuppression; coagulopathy; pre-existing liver or kidney disease; documented hiv positive; documented hepatitis b and/or c positive. * medications and other drugs. use of anti-platelet drugs within 7 days prior to blood draw or biopsy; use of anticoagulants within 60 days prior to blood draw or biopsy; active drug or alcohol use or dependence that, in the opinion of the biopsy surgeon, would interfere with post-procedure wound care. * other. inability or unwillingness of the subject to give written informed consent.
azithromycin for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis failing medical and surgical therapy

Conditions: Chronic Rhinosinusitis; High-risk Patient

Summary: justification: chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) is one of the most common inflammatory diseases with an incidence and prevalence superior to 10%. unfortunately, more than 30% of patients do not respond to standard medical and surgical treatment, thus continuously increasing the symptomatologic and socio-economic burden of this disease. hypothesis: the investigators believe that the addition of azithromycin (azi) to the treatment regimen of patients with refractory crs failing conventional medico-surgical treatment will be beneficial in a symptomatologic and endoscopic level. primary objective: 1- to evaluate whether azithromycine 250 mg po three times weekly is effective in controlling signs and symptoms of crs in high-risk patients unresponsive to standard management after endoscopic sinus surgery (ess) with budesonide irrigations. secondary objectives: i) validate a simple and concise treatment algorithm for patients refractory to standard crs treatment of ess and budi, with the addition of low-dose azi. ii) characterise and define the population deemed "high-risk" for standard crs treatment failure by evaluating: 1) demographics, 2) inflammatory states and 3) the nasal flora microbiome of patients at the different follow-up points of this study. iii) explore the mechanisms of azi by assessing the changes in inflammatory states and the nasal flora microbiome associated with successful azi therapy. methods: inclusion of all patients admitted for endoscopic sinus surgery (ess) for crs operated by the same surgeon (md). following their first postoperative visit (2 weeks), all patients will receive nasal irrigations with budesonide (budi) twice daily for 4 months and will be re-evaluated. if there is a failure of treatment, patients eligible to receive azi will be randomized in to two groups, azi 250mg or a placebo three times a week for 4 months. at every follow-up, complete endoscopic exams will be performed, along with sinus cultures and brush cytology. population: all patients deemed "high-risk" with crs admitted for ess between october 2014 and october 2015.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients with ≥1 of the following criteria: * history of sinus surgery, * first sinus surgery at ≤38 years of age, * an absolute eosinophilia of ≥500 cells/mm, * serum ige levels of \>150 kiu/l, * a gram negative bacteria in a sinus culture, * the presence of intra-operative eosinophilic mucin. exclusion criteria: * patients with cystic fibrosis, inverted papillomas, osteomata, mucoceles or other lesions of the base of skull will be excluded. * patients with an elevated cardiovascular disease risk will be excluded from the randomized clinical trial part of this study.

Keywords: azithromycin endoscopic sinus surgery
optimal positioning of nasopharyngeal temperature probes: a prospective cohort study

Conditions: Hypothermia

Summary: low body temperature (hypothermia) is often observed in anesthetized patients. mild hypothermia increases complications such as surgical blood loss, postanesthesia recovery and the duration of hospitalization. to assess body temperature and minimize hypothermia-related complications, it is important to have accurate and reliable methods of measuring intraoperative core temperature. common practice is to insert a nasopharyngeal (back of the throat from the nose) probe through one of the nostrils. however, there is no consensus or guideline regarding how deep the nasopharyngeal probe needs to be inserted. this study is being done to determine the insertion depth (or range of depths) that best approximates core temperature, which is temperature of the vital organs, e.g. heart, liver and lungs. participation in the trial will occur on the day of surgery. the subject will be asked to breathe through one nostril and then the other before receiving anesthesia. the less congested nostril will be selected for study. if there is no difference, then the investigator will use the right nostril. once under anesthesia, an esophageal temperature probe will be inserted to serve as a reference core temperature, which is used routinely in surgery. then the nasopharyngeal probe will be inserted into the nostril. both nasopharyngeal and esophageal temperatures will initially be recorded 45 minutes after anesthetic induction. the nasopharyngeal probe will then be withdrawn 2 cm and after a 3-minute equilibration period, nasopharyngeal and esophageal temperatures will again be recorded. the nasopharyngeal probe withdrawal sequence will be repeated, 2 cm at a time, until only 2 cm remains in the nostril. there will be a total of 10 sets of nasopharyngeal and esophageal temperatures obtained.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * elective non-cardiac surgery scheduled to last at least 1.5 hours * supine position anticipated * general anesthesia with ett exclusion criteria: * nasopharyngeal disease (e.g. sinusitis), upper airway abnormalities, or planned surgery in the region * history of recent substantive epistaxis * history of bleeding disorders * therapeutic-dose anti-coagulation (aspirin and dvt prophylaxis permitted) * contraindications to esophageal temperature probe insertion (e.g. known varices)
persistent atrial fibrillation ablation trial

Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: persistent atrial fibrillation (af) is a common and distressing condition, that can cause significant symptoms. af ablation is a recognised technique to treat persistent af, but can be technically difficult. this study compares percutaneous ablation to thoracoscopic surgical af ablation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * symptomatic persistent or long-standing af suitable for af ablation. * age over 18 years old. * informed consent to participate in this study. exclusion criteria: * pre-existing ilrs or permanent pacemakers that do not allow for continuous monitoring for af occurrence, or are not mri-safe. * unable to undergo general anaesthesia for af ablation. * previous cardiac surgery, such as coronary artery bypass grafting or valvular surgery. * scheduled for elective cardiac surgery, such as coronary artery bypass grafting or valvular surgery. * previous thoracic surgery. * participation in a conflicting study. * potential participants who are mentally incapacitated and cannot consent or comply with follow-up * pregnancy * other cardiac rhythm disorders

Keywords: atrial fibrillation persistent atrial fibrillation atrial fibrillation ablation
comparison of hemodynamic stability during anesthesia using remimazolam and sevoflurane in minimally invasive avr

Conditions: Aortic Valve Stenosis; Remimazolam

Summary: anesthetic agents can cause hypotension, and be especially dangerous in patients with severe aortic stenosis, which can lead to even circulatory collapse. remimazolam is known for its hemodynamic stability compared to propofol. this study is designed to compare effects of remimazolam vs. sevoflurane anesthesia on intraoperative hemodynamics in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis.

anesthetic agents can cause hypotension due to reduced cardiac contractility and vasodilation. this can be especially dangerous in patients with severe aortic stenosis, which can lead to even circulatory collapse in extreme cases. remimazolam is a relatively new anesthetic agent and it is a ultra-short acting benzodiazepine with a context sensitive half time of 7.5 minutes. remimazolam is known for its hemodynamic stability compared to propofol. previous studies have also shown that remimazolam can be safely used in patients with severe aortic stenosis and in cardiac anesthesia induction and during cardiopulmonary bypass. however, there is no definite data on comparison of hemodynamic variables between remimazolam based total intravenous anesthesia (tiva) and conventional propofol induction and sevoflurane maintenance anesthesia. therefore, this study is designed to compare effects of remimazolam vs. sevoflurane anesthesia on intraoperative hemodynamics in patients undergoing minimally invasive aortic valve replacement surgery.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients over 19 years old * patients with severe aortic stenosis, undergoing minimally invasive aortic valve replacement surgery exclusion criteria: * patients with known allergy to benzodiazepine, flumazenil, propofol * patients with galactose intolerance, lapp lactase deficiency, glucose-galactose malabsorption * patients with hypersensitivity to dextran40 * patients who have been taking benzodiazepine for long term * patients with whom heart rate assessment is not accurate, such as atrial fibrillation * patients with end stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis * patients with history of acute angle glaucoma * patients with valve disease severity of grade iii or higher, other than aortic valve * emergency operation

Keywords: aortic valve stenosis remimazolam
seroprevalence of leptospirosis in val müstair, switzerland

Conditions: Leptospirosis; Hepatitis E Virus Infection; Tularemia

Summary: human leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus leptospira. due to its frequent inapparent course or mild severity with unspecific symptoms and limited availability of diagnostic laboratories the incidence of leptospirosis is likely to be underestimated. the hospital of val müstair is the major healthcare provider of a rural mountain valley in the canton of graubünden/ switzerland with approximately 1500 inhabitants. a relevant prevalence of leptospira spp. antibodies in the population of the val müstair due to its geographic and social risk profile for leptospira infection, namely the close contact of the population to both livestock and wildlife in agriculture and hunting is estimated. the aim of this study is to analyze the burden of this disease in order to evaluate the need of preventive measures. in addition, seroepidemiological data for the hepatitis e virus (hev) and for tularemia will be collected.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * informed consent as documented by signature * aged 18 years or older * living for at least one year mainly (\>6 months per year) in val müstair (including taufers and rifair, italy) exclusion criteria: * inability to give consent * inability to follow procedures * acute infections/inflammatory disease

Keywords: seroprevalence val müstair graubünden switzerland