Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
examining racial and socioeconomic differences in chronic low back pain

Conditions: Chronic Pain

Summary: the purpose of this research study is to gain a better understanding of how people's racial background and socioeconomic status (e.g., income, education, and employment) impact their experiences of chronic low back pain (clbp).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion: * non-specific clbp that has persisted for at least 3 months and has resulted in pain on at least half the days in the past 6 months. * age 18 - 85; the lower end of this age range was chosen to capture the growing prevalence of young adults with clbp, and participants over 85 years are increasingly likely to meet one or more exclusion criteria. * participants report ethnic group as non-hispanic and racial group as either black/african american or white/caucasian. exclusion: * low back pain that is attributable to other factors such as ankylosing spondylitis, infection, malignancy, compression fracture of other trauma. * systemic rheumatic disease/condition (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, fibromyalgia). * any other chronic pain condition that the participant believes to be more prominent or severe than the low back pain. * a history of clinically significant surgery to the low back within the past year. * uncontrolled hypertension (i.e. sbp/dbp of \> 150/95), cardiovascular or peripheral arterial disease. * poorly controlled diabetes (hba1c \> 8%). * neurological disease (e.g. parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy). * serious psychiatric disorder requiring hospitalization within the past 12 months or characterized by active suicidal ideation. * diminished cognitive function that would interfere with understanding of study procedures.

Keywords: lower back pain race socioeconomic
preoperative nutritional status and postoperative acute kidney injury

Conditions: Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury

Summary: there is a high prevalence of postoperative acute kidney injury (aki) in patients who undergo intra-abdominal surgery, and it is particularly common in the elderly. identifying high-risk patients for postoperative aki early can facilitate the development of preventive and therapeutic management strategies. the goal of this retrospective study is to investigate the predictive value of preoperative nutritional status, as measured by three scoring systems - the geriatric nutritional risk index (gnri), prognostic nutritional index (pni), and controlling nutritional status (conut) score - on postoperative aki in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. aged ≥ 65 years 2. intra-abdominal procedures including gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, prostate, and urinary bladder surgeries, as well as abdominal exploration. 3. surgery duration lasting longer than 2 hours. exclusion criteria: 1. patients with an american society of anesthesiologists (asa) physical status v. 2. those with concurrent cardiac or renal surgeries. 3. those with end-stage renal disease (i.e. a glomerular filtration rate of 15 ml/min/1.73 m2 or receiving haemodialysis). 4. those did not have sufficient data required for nutritional evaluation or aki evaluation.
study to evaluate the effects of ro7496998 (at-527) in non-hospitalized adult and adolescent participants with mild or moderate covid-19

Conditions: COVID-19

Summary: this study will evaluate the efficacy, safety, antiviral activity, and pharmacokinetics of study drug ro7496998 (at-527) compared to placebo in non-hospitalized adult and adolescent participants with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in the outpatient setting.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * positive sars-cov-2 diagnostic test (rt-pcr or validated rapid antigen test) ≤72 hours prior to randomization * at least three of the following symptoms of at least moderate (score ≥2 as per covid-19 symptom diary) intensity: nasal congestion or runny nose, sore throat, cough, shortness of breath, muscle or body aches, fatigue, headache, chills or sweats, feeling hot or feverish, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. * has symptoms consistent with mild or moderate covid-19, as determined by the investigator, with onset ≤5 days before dosing on day 1 exclusion criteria: * clinical signs indicative of covid-19 illness requiring hospitalization * admitted to a hospital prior to randomization or is hospitalized (inpatient) at randomization due to covid-19 * in the opinion of the investigator, is likely to experience imminent deterioration and require hospitalization * treatment with an investigational drug within 5 half-lives or 3 months (whichever is longer) of randomization * treatment with a covid-19 therapeutic agent including, but not limited to, other direct or indirect acting antivirals against sars-cov-2 (such as remdesivir or favipiravir), systemic or inhaled steroids (such as dexamethasone or inhaled budesonide), colchicine, ivermectin, interferons, convalescent plasma, monoclonal antibodies against sars cov-2 or interleukin 6 (il-6), intravenous immunoglobulin or other eua-approved treatments within 3 months or less than 5 drug elimination half-lives (whichever is longer) prior to the screening visit * concomitant use of p-glycoprotein inhibitors or inducers listed as prohibited therapy in the protocol * known allergy or hypersensitivity to components of study drug * abnormal laboratory test results at screening * requirement of any prohibited medications during the study * other known active viral or bacterial infection at the time of screening, such as influenza * any clinically significant medical condition or laboratory abnormality that, in the opinion of the investigator, could jeopardize the safety of the patient or affect patient compliance or safety/efficacy observations during the study * covid-19 vaccination within ≤ 40-days prior to enrollment (second dose if applicable)

Keywords: coronavirus disease 2019; covid-19; antiviral drug; sars-cov-2; mild to moderate covid-19; antiviral efficacy
clinical examination of metal free interdental brushes

Conditions: Gingivitis; Periodontitis

Summary: the aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy (eastman interdental bleeding index, quigley and hein) of a novel metal-free interdentalbrush compared to a classig metal-core interdental brush.

self-performed interdental cleaning is a crucial element in preventing gingival or periodontal diseases. interdental cleaning is most efficiently performed through usage of interdental brushes. commonly used metal-core interdental brushes can harbour the risk of hard tissue damage when used inappropriately.the aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and patient satisfaction of a novel metal-free interdental brush. this was tested on healthy participants. the control group performed interdental cleaning with a commonly used metal-core interdental brush.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * minimum age: 18 years exclusion criteria: * allergy against one or more parts of the interdental brushes * non-treated periodontitis * soft-tissue changes of the mucosa * orthodontic treatment * removable prosthesis * pregnancy * anticoagulants * drugs causing gingivahyperplasia * indications for antibiotics
phototherapy for the management of oral ulcers in bone marrow recipients

Conditions: Oral Mucosal Ulceration; Oral Mucositis; Oral Lesion

Summary: study hypothesis: light therapy may prevent oral ulcers in bone marrow recipients. methods: patients will be treated with either active light-emitting device or inactive light-emitting device. daily treatment with light therapy will start at the beginning of the conditioning regimen and will last until day 21 post-transplant. each daily treatment last about 5 minutes. patients will be evaluated for oral mucositis and oral pain level on a weekly basis.

primary endpoint: o assessment of effectiveness of treatment with qray1 in preventing oral mucositis in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). secondary endpoint: * assessment of mucositis associated- pain relief. * assessment of safety of treatment with qray1 (oral adverse events). * assessment of the patients' acceptance of the device. study design: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, 2 groups (randomization ratio 1:1). duration of treatment: daily treatment. study-treatment administration began at the initiation of conditioning regimen (visit 1) and continued to day 28 or at least until day 21 if the patient had no mucositis (who or omas = "0") light radiation dose: 60-70mw/cm2 (administered over 3 treatment areas), starting with 45 seconds per surface, increasing each day in intervals of 15 seconds, up to a maximum of 90 seconds per surface. evaluation plan: evaluation began before the conditioning regimen was initiated (visit 1) and continued weekly until day 28 or until day 21 if the patient had no mucositis. a follow-up evaluation was performed a month after discharge the patient. unusual clinical presentation was addressed whenever observed. criteria for evaluation: primary efficacy variable: o rate of absent of mucositis at any of the visits using who scale for mucositis and omas. secondary efficacy variables: * severity of oral mucositis at any of the visits using who scale for mucositis and omas. * severity of oral pain at any of the visits using who scale for mucositis and omas. * safety (oral adverse events) * patients' acceptance of the study drug on an 11-step ladder. others * compliance with standard oral care (chlorhexidine rinse, nystatin readymix, saline mouthwash)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * no oral ulceration at baseline * at risk for oral mucositis due to the conditioning regimen to hsct * age above 18 years old * karnofsky score \>60 * agree to participate in the study (signed an informed consent) exclusion criteria: * pregnant woman * well-founded doubt about the patient's jurisprudence * children * sensitivity to light or treated with drugs which are sensitizers to light * treatment with other experimental topical drug during the study period
role of ulinastatin in preventing severe sepsis and consequent morbidities and mortality

Conditions: Severe Sepsis; Septic Shock; MODS

Summary: the study will enhance the theory in the frame of reference on the efficacy of ulinastatin while managing sepsis and subsequent morbidity and mortality. moreover, the present study will explore ulinastatin's prophylactic role in progression of multiple organ dysfunctions. furthermore, the study will have the clinical implications in predicting the icu admitted patient's stay and related cost in the context of new drug. current researches will explore the new dimensions in pakistan's healthcare facilities, paving the way of future academics to analyze it in order to enhance healthcare outcomes.

the current study is a randomised clinical trial with the aim of exploring the following objectives in the context of pakistan: * to determine the efficacy of ulinastatin in preventing the progression of sepsis to severe sepsis and septic shock. * to assess the role of ulinastatin in preventing the onset of mods in sepsis-induced patients. * to investigate the impact of ulinastatin on sepsis associated mortality and morbidity. * to explore the role of ulinastatin in reducing icu stays and associated costs in defined patients. * to provides a condensed basis to understand ulinastatin as a sepsis management drug.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \>18 or \<60 * sepsis, and severe sepsis, as defined in operational definitions * patients voluntarily agreed to participate in the study after informed consent exclusion criteria: * fulminant hepatic failure * acute cerebrovascular accidents * acute poisoning * chronic kidney disease stage 5 * diagnosed case of immune thrombocytopenia * low output cardiac failure, with left ventricular ejection fraction \<20% * advance chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on long term oxygen therapy * lactation or pregnancy
department of defense ptsd adaptive platform trial - intervention c - daridorexant

Conditions: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Summary: this is a phase 2 randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study that will evaluate multiple potential pharmacotherapeutic interventions for ptsd utilizing an adaptive platform trial design. intervention c - daridorexant will assess the safety and efficacy of daridorexant in participants with ptsd. please see nct05422612 for information on the s-21-02 master protocol.

the general structure of this adaptive platform trial (apt) consists of a 30-day screening period, a 12-week platform treatment period, and a 4-week safety follow-up. the s-21-02 platform trial will evaluate the safety and efficacy of multiple investigational products for the treatment of ptsd (see nct05422612 for master protocol information). participants are randomized among the multiple cohorts in the study and the resulting randomization enables sharing/pooling of control subjects, where all interventions may be compared to a common control (placebo). this record only includes information relevant to the daridorexant cohort. once a participant meets all eligibility criteria for the master protocol, eligibility for each currently enrolling intervention cohort is assessed. eligible participants will be randomized with equal probability into a cohort. participants randomized to the daridorexant cohort are then randomly assigned to receive either daridorexant or placebo (in a ratio of 5:3; intervention:placebo), for the duration of the 12-week treatment period. parties interested in having their intervention considered for testing within the m-pact should complete a request for information form using this webpage https://citeline.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/sv_8etqkw6tnug4z42.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: no additional inclusion criteria beyond the inclusion criteria specified in the master protocol (nct05422612). exclusion criteria: the following exclusion criteria are in addition to the exclusion criteria specified in the master protocol (nct05422612). 1. history of narcolepsy. 2. history of any treatment with daridorexant.
tissue factor expression in stage c heart failure

Conditions: Heart Failure

Summary: monocyte tissue factor (tf) was characterized in class c heart failure (hf) vs. 25 age-matched volunteers. tf was 2.9 fold higher (p \< 0.001) in hf patients vs. controls. hf patients showed increased clinical events (rr=1.29, p=0.04) when comparing procoagulant activity above/below median. hf is associated with increased tf expression.

monocyte tissue factor (tf) was characterized in class c heart failure (hf) vs. 25 age-matched volunteers. tf was 2.9 fold higher (p \< 0.001) in hf patients vs. controls. hf patients showed increased clinical events (rr=1.29, p=0.04) when comparing procoagulant activity above/below median. hf is associated with increased tf expression. previous studies suggest that markers of coagulation are elevated in heart failure (hf). tissue factor (tf) plays the cardinal role in initiating the coagulation cascade. this study determines tf expression in hf and its association with disease progression. methods: monocytes were obtained from 50 nyha function class ii-iv hf patients and 25 age-matched disease-free volunteers. tf protein, tf procoagulant activity, and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (tfpi) were determined.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * heart failure subjects with symptomatic heart failure (new york heart association \[nyha\] functional class ii to iv) due to either idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy or ischemic cardiomyopathy and had a left ventricular ejection fraction \< 0.35.

Keywords: thromboembolic disease thromboplastin hypercoagulability congestive heart failure
application of the cd73-targeted probe ⁶⁸ga-dota-mpne pet/ct imaging in the diagnosis of malignant tumors

Conditions: Malignant Neoplasms of Brain

Summary: this study aims to perform ⁶⁸ga-dota-mpne pet/ct imaging in patients with clinically suspected or confirmed malignant tumors, in order to evaluate tracer uptake in lesions and analyze cd73 expression levels. in a subgroup of up to 10 participants, dynamic pet/ct imaging will be conducted for up to 90 minutes post-injection to assess the tracer's biodistribution and pharmacokinetic properties.correlation analyses with relevant clinical indicators (such as pathology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular markers) will be carried out to further assess the diagnostic performance and clinical value of ⁶⁸ga-dota-mpne pet/ct in guiding tumor diagnosis and treatment. this study is expected to provide a novel molecular imaging tool for malignancies and offer clear, intuitive pet/ct-based evidence to support clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and therapeutic decision-making.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥18 years, with an expected survival of ≥12 weeks. 2. no prior radiotherapy or chemotherapy; eligible for surgery or biopsy to obtain pathological diagnosis. 3. at least one measurable target lesion according to recist version 1.1 (response evaluation criteria in solid tumors). 4. written informed consent obtained and able to comply with follow-up requirements. exclusion criteria: 1. severe hepatic or renal dysfunction. 2. women who are planning to conceive, currently pregnant, breastfeeding, or intend to have children during the study period are not eligible. fertile participants must use effective contraception during the study. 3. unable to lie flat for 30 minutes. 4. refusal to participate in this clinical study. 5. claustrophobia or other psychiatric disorders. 6. any other condition deemed unsuitable for study participation by the investigator.
esmolol infusion in patients undergoing craniotomy

Conditions: Cerebral Arterial Disease; Cerebral Aneurysm

Summary: anesthesia techniques that minimize anesthetic requirements and their effects may be beneficial. esmolol, a short acting hyperselective β-adrenergic blocker is effective in blunting adrenergic response to several perioperative stimuli and so it might interfere in the effect of the anesthetic drugs on the brain. this study was designed to investigate the effect of esmolol on the consumption of propofol and sevoflurane in patients undergoing craniotomy.

patients undergoing elective craniotomy for aneurysm clipping or tumor dissection were randomly divided in two groups (four subgroups). anesthesia was induced with propofol, fentanyl and a single dose of cis-atracurium, followed by continuous infusion of remifentanil and either propofol or sevoflurane. patients in the esmolol group received 500 mcg/kg of esmolol bolus 10 min before induction of anesthesia, followed by additional 200 mcg/kg/min of esmolol. monitoring of the depth of anesthesia was also performed using the bispectral index-bis. it was also performed monitoring of the cardiac output in order to evaluate the effect of esmolol on cardiac output. the inspired concentration of sevoflurane and the infusion rate of propofol were adjusted in order to maintain a bis value between 40-50. intraoperative emergence was detected by the elevation of bis value, hr or map. it was recorded intraoperative fluctuations of propofol and sevoflurane in both groups. data were expressed as mean ± sd. differences in categorical data were evaluated using the student t test.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with asa physical status 1-3 * glasgow coma scale:15 exclusion criteria: * patients with asa physical status \>3, * body mass index (bmi) over 30, * indication for rapid sequence induction, * any contraindication for receiving b-blocker, * chronic use of b-blocker, * glasgow coma scale (gcs) \<15, * history of drug abuse, * severe mental impairment, * preoperative aphasia, * neurologic deficit or preoperatively foreseen delayed extubation.

Keywords: esmolol anesthetics
efficacy and safety of intravenous phenobarbital in neonatal seizures

Conditions: Epilepsy, Benign Neonatal

Summary: this is a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, phase 3 study to evaluate the efficacy of the administration of phenobarbital sodium injection in neonates who have suffered from electrographic or electroclinical seizure. as neonatal seizures can have long-term adverse effects, including death, placebo-controlled studies are not appropriate for this population. this study is designed to show intravenous phenobarbital is effective at preventing subsequent seizures by demonstrating greater efficacy at a higher dose compared to a lower dose.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female neonates with a gestational age of ≥ 34 - ≤44 weeks admitted into the nicu with a high probability of developing seizures (e.g., hie, stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, central nervous system infection) * parental informed consent (in-person or remote consent) * undergoing continuous video electroencephalogram (cveeg) monitoring * has evidence of electrographic seizure burden of at least 30 seconds/h exclusion criteria: * received anticonvulsant treatment, including phenobarbital, prior to randomization (with exception of lorazepam administered for sedation \> 24 hours before enrollment) * strong suspicion or confirmed diagnosis of brain malformation, inborn error of metabolism genetic syndrome, or major congenial malformation prior to randomization * seizures responding to correction of hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia or any other metabolic disorder * death appears to be imminent as assessed by the nicu attending physician * is currently enrolled in another study assessing the same and/or similar primary/secondary endpoints with/without drug treatment.

Keywords: neonatal seizures phenobarbital anticonvulsants
an rct in treatment of adhesive capsulitis arthrographic joint distention with local anesthetic alone

Conditions: Adhesive Capsulitis

Summary: frozen shoulder or adhesive capsulitis is a common cause of shoulder pain, estimated to affect 25% of the general population. many forms of treatment have been advocated for frozen shoulder including physiotherapy, injection with steroid, distension arthrogram with steroid, manipulation under anesthetic and arthroscopic releases. there is no general agreement in favour of one form of treatment, and the response to a particular treatment varies in different series. a few randomized controlled trials appear in the literature. most of these showed improvements with steroid use, but the results were not always statistically significant. one randomized control trial reported superior results in favor of arthrographic joint distension with steroid compared to a saline placebo. to our knowledge there have been no other similar randomized trials to support these results. the objective of this study is to determine if arthrographic distension of the shoulder joint with steriods is an effective treatment modality for adhesive capsulitis as compared to injection with local anesthetic and contrast alone. the study design is a placebo-controlled, double blind clinical trial where participants will undergo distension arthrogram of the shoulder and be randomized to receive either triamcinalone (steroid), lidocaine and contrast or injection with lidocaine and contrast alone.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age range 19-70 * female and male * ability to understand and give consent * diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) pain and stiffness for at least 3 months. exclusion criteria: * • frozen shoulder secondary to trauma * previous surgery on the affected shoulder * age less than 19 or greater than 70 * systemic inflammatory joint disease such as rheumatoid arthritis * radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis of the shoulder * allergy to contrast material * pregnant or breastfeeding women

Keywords: shoulder