Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
malaria as a protection factor against severe covid-19 (known as sars-cov-2) in the democratic republic of congo (palu-covid)

Conditions: Covid19; Paludism

Summary: in this study, the investigators will explore the reasons for the apparently lower proportion of severe covid-19 cases in many sub-sahara african countries. indeed, despite fragile health care systems, the burden of covid-19 on the african continent seems substantially lower than initially feared. many potential reasons for this discrepancy have been formulated: the different population age structure, experience of african nations with previous pandemics, warmer climate, and genetic preposition. however, another compelling hypothesis is that of trained immunity by endemic pathogens, such as plasmodia. according to this hypothesis, innate immune activation by endemic pathogens would prime a more robust initial innate immune response to sars-cov-2 and could therefore protect against severe covid-19. to explore this, the investigators propose conducting a case-control study in kinshasa, in the democratic republic of the congo (drc). kinshasa is an area with mixed prevalence of malaria and the area in drc most affected by covid-19. in this setting, the investigators will compare cases of severe covid-19 with controls that have non-severe covid-19 and that are matched for age, sex, and health zone. the aim is to compare pre-existing immunity against malaria, both cellular and humoral between the two groups.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria to be eligible, study patients must meet the following criteria: for cases: * be at least 18 years of age * have an rt-pcr or antigenic rapid test confirmed sars-cov-2 infection within 72 hours prior to inclusion. * have given informed consent or that of their guardian/ representative to participate in the study. * diagnosed as a severe covid-19 case according to the following criteria: * presenting clinical signs of pneumonia: fever, cough, dyspnea or crepitations and * presenting at least one of the following signs: respiratory rate \> 30 cycles/min or severe respiratory distress or spo2 \< 90% on room air * be admitted to a care unit for covid-19 * residing in the health zone for at least 6 months for controls: * be at least 18 years of age * have a pcr or antigenic rapid test-confirmed sars-cov-2 infection within 72 hours prior to inclusion * have given informed consent to participate in the study * diagnosed as a non-severe covid-19 case according to the following criteria: * be asymptomatic or * symptomatic, but no evidence of severe pneumonia respiratory rate \> 30 cycles/min or severe respiratory distress or spo2 \< 90% on room air * reside in the study health area for at least 6 months * recruited within 10 weeks following the matched cases exclusion criteria to be eligible, study patients cannot meet the following criteria for cases and controls: * subject has a contraindication to venipuncture, as determined by clinical judgment * subject is vaccinated against sars-cov-2 * subject has been infected with sars-cov-2 in the past and now presents with reinfection
diffusion weighted imaging as a biomarker for detection of chemotherapy induced cardiotoxicity

Conditions: Chemotherapy Induced Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer Patients

Summary: the goal of this study is to see if a special type of heart scan called a diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dw-mri) that uses extra measurements, can be used to find early signs of heart damage from chemotherapy.

this prospective single institutional pilot study will enroll breast cancer patients who develop cardiotoxicity while on anthracycline and anti-her2 therapy . the control group will be composed of patients on similar anthracycline therapy and dose but without a decline in lvef on cardiac mri (cmr). clinic visits with monitoring for cardiotoxicity occur as part of standard of care after therapy initiation. the study and control group will be composed of 15 patients each. at the discretion of the treating physician, patients will be recruited from the breast medical oncology service.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ≥18 years of age on the day of signing the informed consent. * diagnosis of her2+ breast cancer * history of anthracycline therapy and antiher2 treatment * for subjects with decrease in lvef: recent (within 12 weeks) drop in lvef ≥10% on echocardiogram from baseline and confirmed by cardiac mri for the study population. if the drop in ef is not confirmed on mri, the subject will be removed and placed into the control group. for control group: less than a 10% change in ef from baseline for the control population confirmed on echocardiogram and cardiac mri. if no change in ef is not confirmed on mri, the subject will be removed and placed into the study group if the change in ef is equal to or greater than 10%. note: male breast cancer patients are uncommon and are not expected to be included in this study, however if they meet the above criteria, they will not be excluded. exclusion criteria: * prior myocardial infarction * prior surgical or percutaneous coronary revascularization * pregnant or lactating patients * patients who because of general medical or psychiatric condition, or physiologic status unrelated to the presence of breast cancer cannot give valid informed consent * patients who are unwilling or unable to undergo mri including patients with contraindications to mri such as the presence of cardiac pacemakers or non-compatible intracranial vascular clips, claustrophobia, inability to lie flat for the duration of the study etc. mri eligibility will be determined on the day of consent with the mri questionnaire. * patients with metallic implants or device in the chest that might distort local magnetic field and compromise quality of mri

Keywords: mri diffusion weighted imaging 14-191
effects of web-based training on hba1c, quality of life and depression levels in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

Conditions: Mental Disorder in Adolescence; Behavioral Symptoms; Problem Behavior

Summary: objective: this study was conducted to determine the effect of diabetes training on hba1c, levels of depression and quality of life of type 1 diabetes mellitus adolescents by using the web-based watson human care model. methods: the study was conducted with 30 adolescents between 11-18 years old who was followed by child endocrinology department and who accepted to participate in the research. a web page was developed by considering training guide for adolescents with type 1 diabetes and processes of watson human care theory. live video interviews were done with adolescents in the experiment group on 14 sessions and these interviews were recorded.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * internet access in the home environment, * having a computer in the home environment and being able to use a person from the child and / or family, * adolescent diagnosed with t1 dm at least 6 months ago, * adolescent's ability to understand information, read and write in turkish, and have no problems preventing him from communicating verbally, * agreeing to sign the consent form that the family agreed to participate in the study, exclusion criteria: * the patients, whose families did not agree to participate in the research for various reasons, * internet not access in the home environment, * adolescent has a chronic disease other than t1 dm, * adolescent newly diagnosed with t1 dm,

Keywords: depression quality of life type 1 diabetes web-based training
use of dnase in neutrophilic asthma

Conditions: Neutrophilic Asthma

Summary: in this pilot protocol, the researchers look to determine benefits from use of nebulized rh-dnase for 4 weeks in patients with neutrophilic asthma.

patients with asthma of a non-th2 phenotype have few advanced therapeutic options if their asthma remains poorly controlled despite adherence to guideline-based therapy. currently, no targeted biologic therapies are available for neutrophilic asthma. the role of recombinant human deoxyriboneuclease (rhdnase) has not been investigated in refractory asthma. rhdnase cleaves extracellular dna released by neutrophils and other granulocytes, thereby reducing the viscosity of mucus. it is known that patients with asthma have higher levels of extracellular dna than normals; however, these levels are lower than dna levels found in the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis. the benefits of rhdnase in cystic fibrosis have been well described. in these patients, use of daily nebulized rhdnase has shown improvement in lung function and reduction in exacerbations. very little is known about dnase use in asthmatics. case reports have shown benefit when used in acute asthma exacerbations, but there are no data on its use as a therapy for neutrophilic asthma.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * i. able to read and sign an informed consent form (icf) * ii. at least age 18 * iii. diagnosis of asthma with previous source documentation of pc 20 ≤ 16 mg/dl measured by fev1 and/or reversibility with albuterol of ≥12% in fev1 * iv. pre-bronchodilator forced vital capacity (fvc) less than 85% predicted and serum total mmp9 ≥ 1800 (cut off determined by previous clinical investigation- medimmune) or serum il-8\> 20 pg/ml or sputum extracellular dna ≥ 3.8 µg/ml or sputum neutrophils \> 40% exclusion criteria: * i. pregnancy * ii. current smoker, smoking within the past year or pack/year history ≥ 10 * iii. respiratory infection within past 6 weeks * iv. antibiotics within the past 4 weeks * v. active lung disease other than asthma * vi. cancer within the past 5 years (excluding basal cell skin cancer) * vii. chronic infection due to hiv, hbv, or hcv * viii. hematologic or autoimmune disease * ix. unable to safely undergo bronchoscopy as determined by primary or study doctor.
goal achievement after utilizing an anti-pcsk9 antibody in statin intolerant subjects-4

Conditions: Hypercholesterolemia

Summary: the primary objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of subcutaneous (sc) evolocumab compared with ezetimibe, on percent change from baseline in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c) in hypercholesterolemic adults unable to tolerate an effective dose of a statin.

after screening participants who met all inclusion/exclusion criteria were randomized with an allocation ratio of 2:2:1:1 into 4 groups: evolocumab (amg 145) 420 mg administered by subcutaneous injection monthly and placebo pill daily; evolocumab 140 mg administered by subcutaneous injection every two weeks and placebo pill by mouth daily; placebo 420 mg administered by subcutaneous injection monthly and ezetimibe 10 mg pill daily; placebo 140 mg administered subcutaneous injection every two weeks and ezetimibe 10 mg pill daily. randomization was stratified by screening ldl-c level and baseline statin use. participants on low or atypical statin dose therapy must have been on a stable dose for at least 4 weeks prior to screening and throughout the blinded portion of the study; the dose could not be adjusted during screening and for the duration of the study. after week 12, ezetimibe was discontinued and participants moved to an open-label dose of evolocumab administered by subcutaneous injection either every two weeks or monthly and their standard of care.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female ≥ 20 to ≤ 80 years of age * japanese by self-identification * not on a statin or on a low dose statin with stable dose for at least 4 weeks. * subject not at ldl-c goal * history of statin intolerance to at least 2 statins * lipid lowering therapy has been stable prior to screening for at least 4 weeks * fasting triglycerides ≤ 400 mg/dl exclusion criteria: * new york heart association (nyha) iii or iv heart failure * uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia * uncontrolled hypertension * type 1 diabetes * poorly controlled type 2 diabetes * uncontrolled hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism

Keywords: japanese high cholesterol treatment of high cholesterol lowering cholesterol lowering high cholesterol hypercholesterolemia statin intolerant
in vivo evaluation of image registration techniques during endovascular repair

Conditions: Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal

Summary: fluoroscopy is traditionally used for guidance of endovascular aortic repair (evar). in order to minimize exposure to radiation and nephrotoxic contrast medium, it is possible to generate a navigation road map by registering the intraoperative images with preoperative computed tomography angiograph (cta). in modern hybrid operating rooms, several commercial solutions for this exists today (e.g. siemens syngo ipilot, phillips vesselnavigator). in order to register (fuse) the preoperative and intraoperative imaging to each other, a registration algorithm has to be applied. sufficient accuracy of this algorithm is crucial, for if it fails the road map cannot be used for intraoperative navigation. the purpose of this study is therefore to evaluate two different 3d registration algorithms with regard to registration accuracy.

two different registration algorithms will be tested: 1. registration algorithm - centerline registration algorithm (sintef, trondheim) a catheter equipped with a position sensor records the travelled path of the instrument, which is assumed to be close to the centerline of the aorta. from the preoperative computer tomography scan (ct) the aorta is segmented and vessel centerline is extracted. the centerline from the position sensor recordings is registered to the extracted centerline of the preoperative ct. 2. 3d-3d registration algorithm (syngo ipilot, siemens medical solutions, munich). intraoperative cone-beam-ct (cbct) is registered to the preoperative ct

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infrarenal or juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm * undergoing evar * informed consent exclusion criteria: * under 18 years

Keywords: aorta, abdominal/surgery endovascular procedures
treatment of calcific total occlusions in peripheral artery disease

Conditions: Chronic Total Occlusion of Artery of the Extremities

Summary: prospective, multi-center, non-randomized, open label, clinical study intended to provide data to demonstrate safety and performance of the soundbite crossing system xs peripheral.

the cato-pad study includes a below-the-knee (btk) sub-study (cato-btk)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. scheduled for interventional treatment of de-novo lesion(s) of the following native arteries: 1. cato-pad: infrainguinal 2. cato-btk: infrapopliteal 2. have at least one chronic total occlusion (cto) with no flow observed in the distal lesion except the flow from collateral circulation 3. presenting with the following: 1. cato-pad: claudication or cli (rutherford clinical category 2-5) of the target limb 2. cato-btk sub-study: - category 4 or 5 only for cato-btk sub-study cato-pad: claudication or cli (rutherford clinical category 2-5) of the target limb 4. age of \> 18 years 5. have been informed of the nature of the study, agrees to participate, and has signed the approved study consent form 6. target lesion calcification is at least moderate by parc definition (see section 15) 7. target lesion is refractory as demonstrated by a failed attempt with a guidewire exclusion criteria: 1. any medical condition that would make subject an inappropriate candidate for interventional treatment as determined by the investigator, including the following: 1. glomerular filtration rate \<30 ml/min 2. mortality expected within 30 days 2. already enrolled in an investigational interventional study that would interfere with study endpoints 3. target lesion is crossed intraluminally with a conventional guidewire 4. treatment of an inflow lesion prior to target lesion treatment results in no reflow, thrombus formation, abrupt closure, distal embolization, dissection or perforation requiring treatment 5. women who are pregnant or breastfeeding
withdrawal versus continuation of amiodarone in successfully treated patients with persistent atrial fibrillation

Conditions: Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Summary: amiodarone is considered to be the most effective antiarrhythmic drug in the prevention of persistent atrial fibrillation. it can however cause many adverse events, both cardiac and non-cardiac. long-term maintenance of sinus rhythm after cardioversion is difficult especially because of high recurrence rates during the first month after cardioversion. duration of atrial fibrillation, type of underlying disease, left ventricular function, left atrial size and age are associated with maintaining sinus rhythm. early recurrence of atrial fibrillation may be related to a highly arrhythmogenic period due to recovery from electrical remodelling. late recurrences may be related to other triggers than recovery from electrical remodelling. in this study the investigators want to investigate the effect of amiodarone withdrawal on the occurrence of late relapses of persistent atrial fibrillation. furthermore, the investigators want to investigate the effect of amiodarone withdrawal on the occurrence of amiodarone related adverse events as well as adverse events related to atrial fibrillation or underlying heart disease. the investigators also want to investigate which patients characteristics are and potential triggers have a prognostic value in the occurence of late relapses after amiodarone withdrawal.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * history of persistent atrial fibrillation, necessitating at least one electrical cardioversion * presence of sinus rhythm during the last 6 months, while on amiodarone treatment without adverse events related to amiodarone * clinically stable * age \> 18 years * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * sinus rhythm maintenance is preferable (because of atrial fibrillation related morbidity or any other reason) * symptomatic heart failure nyha iii or iv * unstable angina pectoris * hemodynamically significant valvular disease * concomitant treatment with other class i or iii antiarrhythmic drug * pci,cabg, other cardiac surgery or major non-cardiac surgery within the last three months * recent myocardial infarction (\< 3 months) * presence of any disease that is likely to shorten life expectancy to \< 1 year

Keywords: persistent atrial fibrillation amiodarone late recurrence atrial fibrillation adverse events
early versus late upper extremity mobilization after autograft

Conditions: Burns

Summary: rationale: there is currently no observational study or randomized clinical trial published evaluating the impact of early versus late mobilization in the upper extremity after split thickness skin autograft. as the current post-operative care protocols vary based on physician preference, evidence is needed to optimize post-operative rehabilitation protocols guided by evidence which optimize wound healing, extremity range of motion, graft site pain, as well as minimize risks of complications and length of stay in hospital. objective: to determine if early mobilization is non-inferior to late mobilization of the upper extremity after split thickness skin autograft with regards to wound healing measured as percent graft take on post-operative day 5 in adult burn patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. 18 years and older at the time of surgery. 2. injury: acute (within 72h of injury) thermal flame or scald burn. 3. surgery: skin split-thickness meshed autograft (stsg) applied directly on the wound bed. 4. location: upper extremity burn - distal to the axilla and proximal to the wrist. exclusion criteria: 1. injury: electrical and chemical burn. 2. location: autograft exclusively to the wrist, hand, axilla or non-upper extremity. 3. patients on vasopressors the day of the operation. 4. pre-existing comorbidities causing upper extremity mobility restrictions. 5. patient unable to comply with mobilization protocol.
neonatologist-performed lung ultrasound (nplus) to guide respiratory therapy to prevent extubation failure

Conditions: Neonatal Disease

Summary: the objective of the study is to evaluate the role of neonatologist-performed lung ultrasound (nplus) after weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation and extubation. our aim is to study the diagnostic accuracy of nplus and investigate whether lus leads to earlier actions before clinical deterioration and hence prevents extubation failure.

in the past few years, lung ultrasound has been established as a tool to dynamically assess the lungs in various clinical conditions. standardized protocols have been compiled to allow for an easy and fast evaluation. the point-of-care ultrasound (pocus) is easily accessible and allows the clinician a readily available bed-side evaluation. although invasive mechanical ventilation displays a lifesaving strategy in neonatal intensive care, it is associated with numerous long-term complications especially in preterm infants. despite a shift to lung-protective ventilation, time on mechanical ventilatory support should be kept as short as possible, considering timely weaning and switch to a non-invasive ventilation. estimating the right time for discontinuation of invasive mechanical ventilation remains challenging and is influenced by several parameters. extubation failure can be associated with respiratory failure following exhaustion on non-invasive ventilatory support. collapse of alveolar units lead to hypo-aerated areas. small airway size, obstruction due to secretion and muscular weakness predispose to the development of atelectasis in neonates. atelectasis occurring post extubation are a frequent cause of extubation failure. lung consolidations can be sonographically detected. a sensitivity of 100% for the detection of neonatal pulmonary atelectasis has been described. in recent studies lung ultrasound severity score (luss) has been shown to be an independent predictor of successful extubation in mechanically ventilated preterm infants. however, once extubated, only limited data is available if extubation failure later in the process can be predicted. lung aeration decreased after extubation to spontaneous breathing. early standardized evaluation of the lung via lung ultrasound can deliver important information on aeration of the lungs and whether action may be required. using a standardized protocol (lung ultrasound score, lus) on certain timepoints after extubation can lead to early detection of loss of aeration. timely intervention with e.g., temporary peep increase for alveolar recruitment on non-invasive ventilatory support, positioning of the patient prior to clinical deterioration can impede the need of a reintubation and invasive mechanical ventilatory support.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all preterm and full-term neonates receiving invasive mechanical ventilation at the division of neonatology of the medical university of graz and * written informed consent was obtained from parents prior to extubation exclusion criteria: none

Keywords: neonatologist performed lung ultrasound extubation failure neonates consolidation