Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
ultrasound guided erector spinae block versus thoracic para-vertebral block versus quadratus lamborum block in open renal surgeries

Conditions: Renal Disease

Summary: open renal surgeries are associated with substantial postoperative pain, pain relief in patients undergoing this procedure is usually provided either by thoracic epidural analgesia (ea) or by systemic analgesics. ea is a very useful option for the management of postoperative pain in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries, but the risks and contraindications linked to ea like hypotension, headache, nerve damage or infection may limit its use. systemic analgesics in the form of opioid analgesics may give rise to side effects like nausea ,vomiting , constipation , allergy or drowsiness and often provide insufficient analgesia. hence, other methods of postoperative pain management are desired. sensory level target according to the incision site flank (t9-t11) , thoraco-abdominal (t7-t12 ) and trans-abdominal (t6-t10). ultrasound (us) guided erector spinae plane (esp) block is one of the interfascial plane blocks that target the dorsal and ventral rami of the spinal nerves. although there is no sufficient evidence for the spread of local anesthetic to the ventral rami, recent reports demonstrated effective postoperative analgesia after thoracic and lumbar surgeries affecting both the ventral and dorsal rami. paravertebral block (pvb) is a technique where a local anesthetic is deposited into a space found on both sides of the spine, called the paravertebral space. it is a block with a dermatomal distribution of pain relief depending on the level of the spine at which the block is sited and the quantity and type of deposited local anesthetic. pvb is effective for pain relief in the thoracic, abdominal and limb regions. primary aim was to compare postoperative opioid consumption rates at 24 h. secondary end points were to compare pain scores and hemodynamic variables.

this was randomized, controlled, single-blinded study, conducted in urology operating theatre, al-azhar university hospital. forty eight patients of both sex and aged from 21-65 years in period between february 2022 to january 2023 scheduled for elective open renal surgeries under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. the procedure was explained to the patient and informed consent was signed after his agreement then the patient was classified to one of three groups

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * inclusion criteria: adult patients of both sex, (21-65 years) with renal surgeries with asa i , ii score. exclusion criteria * patient's refusal. * patients with asa (iii , iv) score. * coagulopathy to be cancelled if ( inr\>1.4 , platelets count \<100x109 ) * infection at the injection site. * allergy to local anesthetics. * patients receiving opioids for chronic analgesic therapy
pharmacokinetic, safety and efficacy of intermittent application of caspofungin for antifungal prophylaxis

Conditions: Fungal Infection

Summary: the study is a pilot phase ii, prospective, non-comparative, single center trial aimed to evaluate pharmacokinetic and safety of an intermittent dosing schedule for antifungal prophylaxis in high risk patients.

pharmacokinetic and safety of caspofungin, in an intermittent dosing schedule, for prophylaxis of invasive fungal (ifi) infections will be evaluated in patients receiving induction chemotherapy for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome with blast crisis or acute lymphatic leukemia. for prophylaxis caspofungin once daily will be given three times a week after a loading phase of three days. for drug monitoring serum samples will be collected from the first day of trial medication till one day after end of therapy (eot). invasive fungal infections will be diagnosed analog the criteria defined by the european organization for research and treatment of cancer and the mycosis study group (eortc/msg), revised in 2008. caspofungin prophylaxis will be stopped after the end of neutropenia, in case of documented proven or probable invasive fungal disease and in case of a serious adverse event attributable to the study drug, for which in view of the investigator further usage of the study drug should be avoided.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome and blast crisis or acute lymphatic leukemia * receiving induction chemotherapy exclusion criteria: * current or need of systemic antifungal therapy * history of proven or probable invasive aspergillus infection * pregnant or breastfeeding women * weight more than 100 kg * history of allergy, hypersensitivity or any serious reaction to caspofungin

Keywords: echinocandins caspofungin pharmacokinetics prophylaxis antifungal aspergillosis acute leucemia
the role of platelet surface α2β1 integrin expression as a risk factor in thrombotic and/or bleeding complications

Conditions: Genetic Polymorphism

Summary: this study will begin to define these critical determinants for patients undergoing procedures in the hybrid interventional cardiology/cardiac surgery suite. in future studies, the data obtained from this study will be used to prospectively stratify patients in terms of bleeding verses thrombotic risk to design studies to optimize anticoagulation and anti-platelet therapies in the hybrid setting.

the aim of this study is to test the association of dna polymorphisms linked to the level of αβ1 integrin expression on platelets with clinical outcome in terms of bleeding or thrombotic complications. the association of polymorphisms in other genes such as gpvi, par-1, and cox-2, as well as pla ½ status, will also be examined and considered in the context of other factors such as medications including iib/iiia inhibitors, anticoagulants, type of procedure, obesity smoking status, etc. lower levels of platelet surface expression of the α2β1 integrin are associated with an increased risk of bleeding complications following hybrid procedures, especially when the low level of integrin expression is associated with other risk factors that may exacerbate bleeding such as vigorous anti-coagulation, aggressive anti-platelet therapy and other genetic risk factors that contribute to a hemorrhagic phenotype. conversely, higher level expression of the α2β1 integrin is likely associated with a greater tendency to thrombotic complication that is again modified by other coexisting risk factors.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients will be recruited to the study who are to undergo elective hybrid procedures \[percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) followed by minimally invasive coronary artery bypass graft (cabg) surgery or valve surgery\]. * both male and females will be enrolled in this study. * the age of the population is 18-70 years old. * no one ethnic group or gender will be targeted or excluded.

Keywords: genetic polymorphism integrin alpha2beta1 phenotype
analysis and accuracy of mortality prediction scores

Conditions: Burns; Morality

Summary: patients admitted to the icu in a tertiary burn centre in kuwait were analysed using multiple mortality prediction scores. the accuracy of these scores were compared to each other to ascertain which prediction modality provides the most accurate prognosis.

the aim of this study is to determine the accuracy of three established scoring systems used for burn patients admitted to the intensive care unit and to determine the risk factors associated with poor outcomes. a total of 211 patients with who were admitted to the icbu in a tertiary care centre in kuwait from january 2017 to december 2019 were analysed retrospectively. data were collected using patient medical records. the flames, bobi and revised baux scores were calculated, and the survivor and non-survivor scores of patients were analysed to determine the sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristics (auroc) of the different scoring modalities.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: pediatric burn patients with partial/full thickness burns\>10% tbsa adult patients with partial/full thickness burns \>15% tbsa patients with electric burns patients iwth burns involving the voice any patient with suspected inhalational injury burn patients with significant comorbidities exclusion criteria: patients with incomplete data records
macular hemorrhage in myopic eyes

Conditions: Macula Lutea Hemorrhage; High Myopia

Summary: visual impairment in high myopic eyes is mainly due to the different types of myopic maculopathies, such as diffuse or patchy atrophy, lacquer cracks and choroidal neovascularization. macular hemorrhage was one of those complications. despite choroidal neovascularization, simple hemorrhage from rupture of bruch's membrane and choroidal microcirculation is also the cause of hemorrhage. the prognosis of those eyes with simple hemorrhage is generally good. however, some patients had persistently poor vision after the absorption of the hemorrhage. in the literature, the visual prognosis in those patients was reported to be associated with the microstructure change under the optical coherent tomography (oct) or the presentation of the autofluorescence. the investigators will collect the patients with high myopia and presenting with macular hemorrhage. high resolution oct and autofluorescence imaging will be used to analyze the change of the microstructure of retina and its correlation with the visual prognosis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * myopia more than -6d * macular hemorrhage inside arcade * patients who are willing to visit our clinic and receive examination regularly for at least 1 year exclusion criteria: * patients who cannot cooperate. * macular hemorrhage unrelated to myopia

Keywords: macula lutea hemorrhage high myopia optical coherence tomography
a pilot study at a single-institution of pregabalin in the management of mucositis pain in patients undergoing chemoradiation therapy to the head and neck.

Conditions: Oropharyngeal Cancer; Squamous Cell Carcinoma to the Head and Neck

Summary: to assess the efficacy of pregabalin in the management of mucositis pain in patients receiving radiotherapy to the head and neck. eligible study subjects will be enrolled among those being treated for oropharyngeal cancer with definitive chemotherapy and radiation therapy (photons) to the head and neck in the department of radiation oncology at the university of pennsylvania.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients being treated for oropharyngeal cancer with undergoing concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy (photons) for a histological diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma to the head and neck at the university of pennsylvania * age at least 18 years old * treatment entails significant risk for symptomatic mucositis likely to require opioid analgesia, as per the discretion of treating physician/np * subjects are capable of giving informed consent exclusion criteria: * patients anticipated to receive radiation therapy with protons * history of hypersensitivity to pregabalin or gabapentin * history of seizure or currently taking anti-epileptic medication * creatinine clearance of less than 30 ml/min by cockcroft-gault estimate * has another painful condition requiring chronic use of opioid analgesic, gabapentin, or pregabalin * history of serious mood disorder or attempted suicide as determined by patients history and physical and by using thedepression screening * subjects with a score of greater than 10 or those answering #5 with scores greater than a "0" will be deemed ineligible to be enrolled on study * history of angioedema * new york heart association class iii or iv heart failure * platelets of less than 150 mg/dl or history of thrombocytopenia * the patient has any uncontrolled intercurrent illness including but not limited to psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance or interfere with their ability to participate

Keywords: chemotherapy radiation therapy
gastric ultrasound in paediatric anaesthesia

Conditions: General Anesthesia

Summary: anesthesia for emergency surgery is a situation at risk of pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents. it has been previously reported that bedside two-dimensional ultrasonography can be a useful tool for anesthesiologists to determine gastric contents and volume in adults and children. in this prospective study, preoperative qualitative ultrasound assessment of gastric contents is performed for each children admitted for emergency surgery, in order to plane in case of empty stomach an intravenous or inhalation technique induction rather than an rapid sequence induction.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children aged from 0 to 18 years old * parental consent exclusion criteria: * gastric tube contraindication * parental refusal

Keywords: ultrasound, antrum, pulmonary aspiration, emergency surgery
a study of s-268019 for the prevention of covid-19

Conditions: SARS-CoV-2

Summary: the main purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of s-268019-b for the prevention of covid-19 in the initial vaccination period prior to crossover in participants without evidence of infection before vaccination as compared to placebo.

eligible participants will be randomized to receive either s-268019-b or placebo first and then will be crossed over to receive the opposite intervention. the study will consist of two treatment periods, an initial vaccination period (day 1 to day 224), and a crossover vaccination period (day 225 to day 435).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * agree not to participate in any other sars-cov-2 prevention trial during the study follow-up. * capable of using diary without difficulties (if applicable, with assistance by caregiver). exclusion criteria: * current or history of a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of sars-cov-2 infection or covid-19. * unstable current cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatic, renal, gastrointestinal, endocrine, hematological, or neurological disease that, in the opinion of the investigator or subinvestigator, would constitute a safety concern or confound data interpretation. * immunosuppression (immunodeficiency, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome \[aids\], use of systemic steroids, use of immunosuppressants within the past 6 months prior to the first dose of study intervention, treatment for malignant tumors, other immunosuppressive therapy). * previous vaccination against sars-cov-2. * any inactivated vaccine received within 14 days prior to the first dose of study intervention. * any live vaccine received within 28 days prior to the first dose of study intervention. * immunoglobulin preparations, blood products, or a blood transfusion within 3 months prior to the first dose of study intervention. other inclusion and exclusion criteria may apply.
the association between dopamine agonists and cardiac valvulopathy, fibrosis and other cardiopulmonary events

Conditions: Parkinson's Disease; Hyperprolactinemia

Summary: to assess the association between cabergoline and other dopamine agonists (das), and symptomatic, diagnosed serious cardiopulmonary disorders, including: 1. cardiac valve regurgitation 2. diffuse pleural/pulmonary thickening and pericardial and retroperitoneal fibrosis 3. heart failure 4. total, cardiac and respiratory mortality


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * at least one year registered with the general practitioner (gp), one year of valid data from the gp, or the date of software conversion (if gp software systems had changed) and meeting criteria for any one of the 4 cohorts as defined. exclusion criteria: * rheumatic heart disease * congenital heart disease: includes structural defects, congenital arrhythmias, and cardiomyopathies * dilated cardiomyopathy (congestive cardiomyopathy * pericardial, pleural, pulmonary or retroperitoneal fibrosis * endocarditis or myocarditis * carcinoid syndrome * intravenous drug abuse * fibrotic valvular heart disease * pleural/pulmonary/pericardial/retroperitoneal fibroses * use of fenfluramine or amiodarone within 3 years prior to date of diagnosis of fibrotic valvular heart disease

Keywords: dopamine agonists cabergoline parkinson's disease hyperprolactinemia epidemiology cardiac valvulopathy
the human immunodeficiency virus and osteopathic manipulation evaluation study

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: treatment options that increase immune function, such as osteopathic manipulation treatment (omt) lymphatic techniques, may provide improved short or long term performance of the immune system. however, the efficacy of omt to boost immune function among people living with hiv has not yet been examined in a controlled study. our experiment is designed to examine the short (45 minutes) term impact of omt on the white blood cells counts of hiv positive men who are either antiretroviral therapy (art) naïve or have not taken art for at least 12 months prior to enrollment in the study.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * are either antiretroviral therapy (art) naïve or not have taken art for the past 12 months * are between the ages of 18 to 65 * have a cd4+ t cell count between 200-700cells/mm3 * have viral loads less than 100,000 copies/ml * do not have any medical condition that limits his ability to participate in this study as defined by his physician (e.g., cancer, blood clotting disorder etc.) * are willing to provide informed consent * are not using any drugs recreationally * are not on prescribed systemic steroids * are willing to recruit a friend/partner, aware of the their hiv serostatus, to be trained in omt techniques and apply it to him daily. exclusion criteria: * history of malignancy excluding both squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma of the skin and/or any malignancies fully treated and considered cured by the treating physician for at least 1 year * aortic aneurism/disease * vertebral artery disease * carotid artery stenosis/disease * abdominal hernias * portal hypertension * cirrhosis * cervical disc disease currently exhibiting radicular symptomatology (i.e. numbness, burning, muscle weakness, etc) * infectious mononucleosis in the past 12 weeks, * pneumothorax * bone disease * participants with a medical access port and/or a noncompliant ribcage will be excluded from the study. * the potential causes for ribcage noncompliance include: * congestive obstructive pulmonary disorder (copd) * spinal arthritis * costochondritis * congestive heart failure (chf) * pulmonary edema * recent trauma to the ribcage * certain connective tissue disease such as ankylosing spondylitis * there is a risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa) rupture in participants with aaa and these participants are excluded from the study.

Keywords: human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) complementary therapies
metoclopramide-ondansetron vs. metoclopramide therapy for treatment of nausea and vomiting post laparoscopic surgery

Conditions: Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Summary: the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (ponv) after general anesthesia is up to 30% when inhalational anesthetics are used with no prophylaxis. this makes ponv one of the most common complaints following surgery under general anesthesia, together with postoperative pain.

this is a prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial. written informed consent will be obtained from patients. patients will be randomly assigned using the sealed envelope technique into 2 equal groups: group 1: patients will receive 10 mg metoclopramide with 4mg ondansetron before induction of general anesthesia. group 2: patients will receive 10 mg metoclopramide before induction of general anesthesia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aging 16 years and above * patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia at makassed general hospital exclusion criteria: * patients with history of motion sickness * patients on previous treatment by anti-emetics for dizziness, vertigo or other causes of nausea and vomiting * patients with any type of allergy to metoclopramide or ondansetron * patients refusing to be part of the study (refusal to sign consent) * patients on previous treatment by opioids
neurocognitive functions of recovered covid-19 patients

Conditions: Cognition; Covid-19

Summary: this study is carried on in wuchang hospital in wuhan, china. the investigators plan to recruit 80 patients with covid-19 and 80 matched healthy control. using the design of case-control study, the study aims to assess the neurocognitive functions such as executive function and attentional bias in recovered patients with covid-19 under normal and stress conditions, and to analyze the influencing factors of neurocognitive functions, such as mental health conditions, inflammation indicators and cardiopulmonary function.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * recovered covid-19 patients or uninfected residents in wuhan, with an education level above elementary school and are able to complete cognitive tasks; * willing to participate in this study and sign informed consent. exclusion criteria: * subjects with body temperature\> 38°c; * subjects who are in menstruation and pregnancy; * subjects suffering from cardiopulmonary diseases before the new coronary pneumonia epidemic (such as heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, congestive heart failure, etc.); * subjects with severe disturbances in consciousness, cognitive dysfunction, mental disorders, visual and hearing disorders, bone and joint diseases, etc.; * subjects with abnormal immune system and severe organ dysfunction (heart, liver, kidney, etc.); * subjects who are unwilling to participate in this study and cannot complete all surveys and cognitive function tests.
methylene blue intradermal injection for sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer patients

Conditions: Breast Cancer Female; Early-Stage Breast Cancer; Sentinel Lymph Node

Summary: this study is designed to compare the effectiveness of intradermal injection and subcutaneous injection with methylene blue for early-stage breast cancer patients who need sentinel lymph node biopsy.

after fully informing and consent, patients recruited would be randomized 1:1 to intradermal injection group and subcutaneous injection group. investigators aimed to find out the difference in sentinel lymph nodes detected rate, blue lymphatic detected rate and complication incidence between the two groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * who sign the informed consent form * pathological diagnosed, without distant metastasis, early stage invasive breast cancer patients * did not undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy, endocrinotherapy or targeted therapy previously * without breast and axillary surgery history * ejection fraction score in normal range accord to cardiac doppler * eastern cooperative oncology group score ≤0-2 * axillary lymph node clinical negative exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * any history of malignant tumor within five years * diagnosis of multi-center, multi-focal or bilateral breast cancer * history of breast tumor incision biopsy or vacuum-assisted biopsy * methylene blue allergic * appear with severe systematic disease or disfunction of any organ

Keywords: sentinel lymph node biopsy methylene blue intradermal injection subcutaneous injection