Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
watchful waiting for complete responders to therapy in rectal cancer

Conditions: Rectal Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this project is to determine if in a selected group of patients, at higher risk of wound dehiscence and other complications, treatment by local excision and management by a "watchful waiting" or an initial "non-operative management" approach, with an offer of radical resection only to those patients whose tumors demonstrate "regrowth" will maintain acceptable local control and overall survival rate for the whole cohort.

this is a prospective registration study of a very limited number of subjects (3-8/year) who have achieved full or near full clinical cr after neo-adjuvant folfox chemotherapy prior to chemo-radiotherapy, but without subsequent surgery, to determine whether a "wait and see" approach will maintain local control while improving quality of life. patients will undergo standard of care baseline work-up for their disease before being enrolled to the protocol followed by protocol treatment, all standard of care just in reverse order. patients with less than 1/2 of the rectum being circumferentially involved at diagnosis will also receive additional brachytherapy which will be supported by hospital funded research dollars. patients will undergo additional testing for study related purposes during the restaging processes such as mri, endoscopic ultrasound, and will complete an assessment to determine impact on quality of life. providers that will be conducting the mri and endoscopic ultrasound have agreed to waive professional fees, as well as the hospital has agreed to waive facility fees that have been incurred while the patient is on study protocol. patients will follow standard of care guidelines for follow up post-excision if they do not respond to treatment, and modified standard of care guidelines if their are identified as complete responders which will include additional imaging at specific milestones, again waived by providers and facility. patients on watchful waiting, who recur locally will undergo total mesorectal excision. patients will not be responsible for any fee incurred that is not considered standard of care. patients will be accrued as they present to the van elslander and webber cancer center clinics. they will be enrolled in this arm of the study only if surgical evaluation indicates that surgical resection will extend to include the dentate line if said patients were candidates for local excision. we expect that about 3 patients/year will be eligible.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age ≥ 18 years 2. diagnosis of rectal invasive adenocarcinoma 3. tumor in the low rectum lying \< 4 cm from the anal verge 4. clinical stage t3/n0-n1m0. 5. patients with low t2 who will need abdominal perineal resection are also eligible. exclusion criteria: 1. age less than 18 years 2. other forms of cancer 3. tumors \>= 4 cm from the anal verge 4. tumors of other clinical stages than listed above
combination chemotherapy and rituximab with pegfilgrastim followed by rituximab, in large b-cell non-hodgkin's lymphoma

Conditions: Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma

Summary: the purposes of this trial are to decrease toxicity and improve treatment effectiveness elderly patients. with a short course of chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, vincristine, and prednisone with concurrent administration of rituximab it is likely to be as effective as longer programs, and will certainly be better tolerated by this patient group. the addition of maintenance therapy may result in substantial prolongation of remission duration.

upon determination of eligibility, patients will receive: * cyclophosphamide + mitoxantrone + vincristine + prednisone + rituximab patients that are not considered candidates for anthracycline therapy will not receive mitoxantrone. patients with objective response (partial or complete response) or stable disease will receive rituximab maintenance therapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: to be included in this study, you must meet the following criteria: * histologically documented large b-cell, cd20-positive non-hodgkin's lymphoma * no previous treatment * clinical stage ii, iii, or iv by the ann arbor staging criteria * age \> 70 years * ecog performance status 0, 1, or 2 * adequate bone marrow, liver and kidney function * must give written informed consent prior to entering this trial exclusion criteria: you cannot participate in this study if any of the following apply to you: * age \< 18 years * central nervous system involvement with lymphoma * coexistent active malignancies treated within five years * active infection precluding the use of combination chemotherapy * hiv infection * pregnant or lactating please note: there are additional inclusion/exclusion criteria. the study center will determine if you meet all of the criteria. if you do not qualify for the trial, study personnel will explain the reasons. if you do qualify, study personnel will explain the trial in detail and answer any questions you may have.
spider phobia opposite action treatment study

Conditions: Specific Phobia

Summary: this study tests the effectiveness of exposure therapy for fear of spiders as enhanced by the use of antagonistic or opposite actions during treatment. the goal of the study is to compare the efficacy threat-relevant opposite actions and threat-irrelevant opposite actions in extinguishing fear.

this study tests whether exposure therapy for fear of spiders can be enhanced with the use of opposite actions, which are actions opposite to fear-related action tendencies. the investigators will test two sub-types of opposite actions (a) threat-relevant opposite actions, which are actions antagonistic to specific threats associated with spider phobia, and (b) threat-irrelevant opposite actions, which are actions antagonistic to the fear response, but unrelated to specific threats associated with spider phobia. this exposure therapy enhanced with opposite actions will be compared with two control groups: standard exposure therapy and non-specific anxiety treatment (biofeedback relaxation training). individuals between the ages of 18-65 with elevated fear of spiders are randomly assigned to one of four treatment conditions (1) biofeedback relaxation training, (2) standard exposure therapy, (3) exposure therapy with threat-relevant opposite actions, and (4) exposure therapy with threat-irrelevant opposite actions. all participants undergo an online prescreen and a face-to-face screening assessment to determine eligibility and baseline (pre-treatment) symptom severity. participants additionally complete assessments directly after treatment (post-treatment), and approximately two weeks after treatment (follow-up). the pre-treatment assessment occurs on the same day as treatment, the post-treatment assessment occurs during the treatment visit as soon as the treatment procedure is complete, and the follow-up assessment occurs within a window of 14-21 days after the completion of treatment. participants complete two behavioral approach tests (in the treatment context and in the generalization context) at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up. participants complete a battery of self-report questionnaires at pre-treatment and follow-up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * at prescreen: * total score of greater than or equal to 70 on the fear of spiders - questionnaire (with higher scores indicating higher fear levels). * indicates ongoing fear of spiders and inability to complete close approach towards spiders on brief questionnaire. * at screening visit: inability to complete close approach toward spiders as determined by the treatment context and generalization context behavioral approach tests exclusion criteria: * currently receiving psychotherapy for spider phobia

Keywords: spider phobia animal phobia exposure therapy biofeedback relaxation training
microcirculatory vasomotor changes in type 2 diabetes with peripheral neuropathy

Conditions: Diabetic Neuropathy Peripheral; Small Vessel Disease of Diabetes Mellitus; Vasodilation; Vasoconstriction

Summary: microcirculatory flow is subject to cyclic changes under the influence of heart rate, respiration, myogenic activity, neurogenic factors and endothelial factors. microcirculatory oscillations (vasomotion) contribute significantly to tissue perfusion. vasomotion analysis allowed to discriminate normoglycemic subjects, prediabetic subjects and diabetic subjects. furthermore, changes in vasomotion can precede the emergence of global signs of microangiopathy complications in type 2 diabetes. in fact, few studies reported impaired vasomotion in type 2 diabetes with peripheral neuropathy. vasomotion analysis after vasodilator (6-min walking test and hyperthermia) and after vasoconstrictor (foot lowering) stimulus could be an effective diagnostic tool to sharpen the diagnostic. objectives and methodology: to study vasomotion at baseline and after exercise, hyperthermia and foot lowering within 3 groups of patients: diabetic without peripheral neuropathy, diabetic with subclinical peripheral neuropathy and diabetic with peripheral neuropathy and one group of sex- age- and body mass index-matched healthy control subjects. all the subjects will benefit from a clinical, anthropometric, level of physical activity and biological evaluations. type 2 diabetes participants will benefit from neuropathy evaluation. in addition, cutaneous microcirculation (perfusion and vasomotion) by means of laser doppler flowmetry and laser speckle imaging will be recorded at rest and after different stimuli (exercise, hyperthermia and foot lowering).

all the subjects will benefit from a: * clinical: diabetes duration, treatments * anthropometric: weight, height, bmi * level of physical activity by means of the international physical activity questionary, pedometers and the 6 minutes walking test * biological evaluations: glycemia, hba1c, lipids, high sensitive c-reactive protein, fibrinogen, 25(oh)d, creatinine, albumine type 2 diabetes participants will benefit from neuropathy evaluation: sensory tests by means of semmes-weinstein monofilament and of nerve check, amplitude and velocity sural nerve and neuropathic symptom score (nss) in addition, cutaneous microcirculation (perfusion and vasomotion) by means of laser doppler flowmetry and laser speckle imaging will be recorded at rest and after different stimuli (exercise, hyperthermia and foot lowering).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * for diabetic patients, hba1c \>6.5 and diabetes duration \>5years * for healthy control no diabetes mellitus, no cardiovascular or renal pathology exclusion criteria: * nondiabetic neuropathy * on medication known to affect microcirculation * presence of active foot ulcer or wound healing history \<3months * inability to walk 6 minutes * alcohol consumption of more than 3 units per day

Keywords: vasomotion
study on the therapeutic effect and mechanism of transcranial plasma stimulation in the treatment of chronic insomnia

Conditions: Chronic Insomnia Disorder

Summary: this study is a single center study, led by dr. ma qinying from the department of neurology at the first hospital of hebei medical university. this study is an intervention study on plasma stimulation, involving patients with insomnia disorders to observe the effectiveness of plasma stimulation on insomnia disorders. collect the hamilton anxiety scale, hamilton depression scale, pittsburgh sleep quality index scale, insomnia severity index scale, and somatization symptom self rating scale from patients before and after intervention. transcranial magnetic stimulation synchronous electroencephalogram (tms-eeg) and functional magnetic resonance imaging data. the research period is from december 2023 to july 2025, and a total of 40 patients are planned to be included in the study.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age 18-75 years old, gender is not limited; 2. right-handed; 3. the audiovisual level is sufficient to complete the examinations required for the study; 4. no medication for 1 month before enrollment, or stable taking sleep-improving drugs but poor treatment effect; 5. informed consent signed by the patient or family member. exclusion criteria: 1. substance abuse/dependence within 6 months prior to enrollment; 2. have had other mental illnesses within 6 months prior to enrollment; 3. those with severe or unstable organic diseases; 4. pregnant or lactating women; 5. those with a score of 3 (suicide) in 17 items of the hamilton depression rating scale ≥ 3; 6. those who have participated in any other clinical trials within 1 month before enrollment; 7. in the opinion of the investigator, there is a situation that is not suitable to participate in this study.
a healthy volunteer study to assess relative bioavailability of powder-in-capsule and a tablet formulation and the effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of the tablet formulation

Conditions: Healthy

Summary: the purpose of this study in healthy volunteers is to assess the relative bioavailability of pf-05175157 as powder-in-capsule and a tablet formulation and the effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of the tablet formulation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy male and/or female subjects between the ages of 18 and 55 years, inclusive * women must be of non childbearing potential * body mass index (bmi) of 25 to 35 kg/m2; and a total body weight \>50 kg (110 lbs) exclusion criteria: * evidence or history of clinically significant hematological, renal, endocrine, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, hepatic, psychiatric, neurologic, or allergic (including drug allergies, but excluding untreated, asymptomatic, seasonal allergies at time of dosing) disease or clinical findings at screening. * active ocular disease including infection, glaucoma, seasonal allergies, dry eye symptoms, optic nerve disease or retinal disease. * history of habitual smoking in the past 5 years or history or evidence of habitual use of other (non smoked) tobacco or nicotine-containing products within 3 months of screening or positive cotinine test at screening or day 0

Keywords: single dose relative bioavailability food effect healthy subjects diabetes mellitus type 2
early retinal nerve fiber layer change of ethambutol optic neuropathy by optical coherence tomography

Conditions: Primary Lung Tuberculosis

Summary: ethambutol is widely used as first-line drug, but has serious side effect of optic neuropathy. as previously reported, incidence of ethambutol optic neuropathy is about 1\~2%, there was considerable screening efforts and medical cost is increasing. however, there is no effective treatment of ethambutol optic neuropathy or no definite preventable measure. moreover, multi-drug resistance tuberculosis or extensively drug resistance tuberculosis is emerging, more toxic secondary drug is used in the long-term. it is known that retinal nerve fiber layer is increased early stage in ethambutol optic neuropathy. so we decide to evaluate the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measured by optical coherence tomography in longitudinal manner.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. primary lung tuberculosis who has not previously treated 2. age more than 19 years and less than 70 years old exclusion criteria: 1. spherical equivalent more than +6.00 diopter or less than -6.00 diopter by autorefraction 2. closed angel or intraocular pressure more than 21 mmhg 3. best corrected visual acuity less than 0.5 with severe cataract 4. retinal disorder include branch retinal vein occlusion, diabetic macular edema, wet-type age-related macular degeneration 5. age less than 20 years or older than 70 years old 6. any intraocular surgery less than 3 months 7. intellectual problems or illiterate whom could not obtained informed consent

Keywords: retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, optical coherence tomography, ethambutol optic neuropathy
the chloroquine for influenza prevention trial

Conditions: Influenza

Summary: a randomised controlled trial to determine the efficacy of chloroquine for the prevention of influenza


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 18 -65 * have the ability to provide informed consent * if a woman of child-bearing potential, willing to use contraception for the period of the trial exclusion criteria: * acute influenza-like illness at screening * history of psoriasis, porphyria cutanea tarda, epilepsy, myasthenia gravis, myopathy of any cause, cardiac arrhythmias, or serious hepatic or renal disease * pregnancy or breast feeding * current use of medication with known serious hepatotoxic effects * current use of medication with known serious interaction with cq: amiodarone, anticonvulsants, ciclosporin, digoxin, mefloquine, moxifloxacin * current severe depression (as indicated by current use of antidepressant medication) * known serious retinal disease * current or recent (within the past 30 days) participation in any other clinical intervention trial. * known g6pd deficiency * vaccination for influenza (seasonal or h1n1 strain) within the 3 months prior to screening

Keywords: influenza prevention chloroquine randomised controlled trial respiratory virus infection
function and morphological characteristics of meibomian gland in patients with renal anemia

Conditions: Dry Eye; MGD-Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Summary: renal anemia refers to anemia in which the absolute or relative production of erythropoietin (epo) is insufficient due to various kidney diseases, and uremic toxins affect erythropoietin production and its lifespan. common treatment drugs for renal anemia include erythropoietin epo and roxadustat (fg-4592). medical history information was collected from patients with renal anemia who visited the ophthalmology department with dry eye symptoms. this study will help to determine the function and morphological characteristics of meibomian gland in patients with renal anemia

1. collect medical records of patients with renal anemia who visited the ophthalmology outpatient department of zhongnan hospital and hospitalized patients with renal anemia 2. patients were divided into rosallistat group, and epo group according to their drug use history. 3. the dry eye analysis results of all patients were collected, and the lacrimal river height, tear film rupture time and meibomian gland grade were counted. the results of dry eye examination were analyzed statistically. 4. complete data collection, conduct statistical analysis, and evaluate the analysis results.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * long-term use of roxadustat or erythropoietin for renal anemia exclusion criteria: * contact lens wearer, history of eye surgeries, systemic health conditions affecting ocular health and those who were unable to cooperate with examinations
new nasal applicator / new formulation - user study

Conditions: Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of once daily dosing with rhinocort aqua (new formulation) against rhinocort aqua (current formulation) and placebo in reliving the symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis (sar).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * in the opinion of the investigator, is a candidate for treatment with nasal steroids based on a history of either a) inadequate control of symptoms with antihistamines, decongestants and/or immunotherapy, or b) prior successful treatment with nasal steroids. * a documented history of at least one year of seasonal allergic rhinitis. * a positive response to a skin prick test for grass allergens that must be present in the subject's environment throughout the study. exclusion criteria: * primary or secondary adrenal insufficiency * nasal candidiasis, rhinitis medicamentosa, acute or chronic sinusitis, influenza, upper respiratory tract infection or structural abnormalities of the nose (e.g., septal deviation, nasal polyps) symptomatic enough to cause significant nasal obstruction as judged by the investigator. * a diagnosis of asthma requiring treatment as specified in the protocol.

Keywords: allergic rhinitis nasal symptoms congestion rhinorrhea sneeze budesonide rhinocort aqua
comparison of low-radiation dose ct angiography with invasive coronary angiography in stable coronary disease

Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease

Summary: this study is evaluating the performance of modern ct coronar angiography with low radiation technique compared to conventional invasive coronar angiography. the patients recruited will already be accepted for invasive coronary angiography based on clinical presentation, ecg and biochemical parameters. an "all-comers" design to avoid selection bias and no additional b-blockers will be used prior to ct angiography. the hypothesis is that it is possible to rule out significant coronary artery disease with sensitivity \> 95 % and negative predictive value \> 95 % with very low radiation doses.

conventional invasive coronary angiography (cica) is associated with few but serious complications. it is time consuming for the patient and incur costs to the health institution due to the post-procedure observation needed. coronary computer tomography angiography (ccta) is a good alternative to cica to rule out coronary artery disease (cad). moderate to excellent sensitivity and negative predictive values have been reported with 64-slice ct angiography. the main ethical problem has been the radiation doses given to the patient during ct angiography which was high \>10 millisievert(msv). with 265 or higher slice ct machines and radiation dose reduction techniques, it is possible to evaluate coronary anatomy with radiation doses below 1 msv. heart rate reduction with b-blockers is in most cases not necessary with new generation ct machines but is recommended in guidelines. 800 patients already accepted for cica based on clinical information will be scheduled to undergo ccta prior to invasive coronary angiography. coronary anatomy will be described according to american heart association (aha) classification with 17 segment analysis. the main purpose of the study is to achieve high sensitivity and high negative predictive value with ct angiography. radiation doses in relation to gender and body mass index (bmi) will be monitored. in addition we will measure coronary calcification (agatson score) and look at any association to the vitamin d and calcium metabolism. patient reported quality of life evaluation with validated questionnaires and long term follow up (5 and 10 years) regarding clinical endpoints.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. 800 patients who are scheduled to undergo conventional invasive coronary angiogram will be recruited at the university hospital of north norway, tromsø. exclusion criteria: 1. acute coronary syndrome with positive high sensitive troponin. 2. renal failure with glomerular filtration rate (gfr) \< 30 3. contraindication to contrast medium 4. symptomatic tachycardia \>110 or bradycardia \< 40 5. pregnancy 6. lack of informed consent

Keywords: coronary ct sensitivity specificity radiation tomography, x-ray computed coronary angiography