Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
rituximab in refractory primary membranous nephropathy

Conditions: Glomerulonephritis, Membranous

Summary: primary membranous nephropathy (pmn), an autoimmune disease mostly associated with anti-phospholipase-a2-receptor (pla2r) antibodies, is one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults. in 30% to 40% of all cases, patients with pmn undergo spontaneous remission with conservative approaches. corticosteroids, alkylating agents and calcineurin inhibitors are recommended treatment options in persistent disease activity despite supportive therapies. nevertheless, patients with refractory disease constitute an important clinical aspect of pmn, and uncontrolled proteinuria may culminate in rapid progression to end-stage renal disease. in recent years, several studies demonstrated the efficacy of rituximab as a treatment option in patients with refractory pmn; however, data regarding daily clinical practice of this agent is still needed. therefore, we conducted a study using our registry data to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rituximab in patients with refractory pmn.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * having biopsy-proven primary membranous nephropathy. * showing resistance to at least one set of prior therapies including corticosteroids, alkylating agents or calcineurin inhibitors. * having a history of rituximab use (375 mg/m2/wk for 2-4 weeks) following resistance aforementioned agents. exclusion criteria: * not providing or withdrawing consent.

Keywords: membranous nephropathy rituximab
music for pain in the waiting room

Conditions: Pain, Acute

Summary: this is a single-site, three-arm, parallel-group randomized clinical trial (rct). the clinical effects of two, 4-minute, audio-recorded, music interventions (one with lyrics and the other without) for orthopedic patients will be investigated relative to a 4-minute audio-recoding about pain psychoeducation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥18 * seeking treatment at the tallahassee orthopedic center exclusion criteria: * cognitive impairment preventing completion of study procedures. * other unstable illness judged by research staff to interfere with study involvement.
premedication on post-endodontic pain

Conditions: Premedication

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to compare the efficacy of preoperative administration of alpha-chemo-trypsin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen in managing post-endodontic pain in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. the main question it aims to answer is: what is the efficacy of preoperative administration of alpha-chemo-trypsin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen in managing post-endodontic pain in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis? participants will undergo root canal treatment after premedication. researchers will compare \[alpha-chemo-trypsin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen\] to see the intensity of post-endodontic pain.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * eligibility for root canal treatment patients diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with normal apical tissue in mandibular molars exclusion criteria: * • patient under any medication or analgesic intake for pain management. * patients with any systemic health issues * patient allergies to trypsin-chymotrypsin, ibuprofen, and paracetamol * pregnancy. * non-restorable teeth. * immature roots. * calcifications. * resorptions.
social support and chd risk factors--a community study

Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases; Heart Diseases; Coronary Disease

Summary: to examine the mechanism through which social support affects morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease.

background: two hypotheses have been proposed to account for the effects of social support on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. both hypotheses operate through effects on risk factors for coronary heart disease, specifically arterial blood pressure and serum lipids. the stress- buffering hypothesis states that social support functions as a social resource for individuals exposed to social stressors; those persons with more support are less vulnerable to the risk-enhancing effects of stressors. the health behavior hypothesis states that persons with more support engage in more positive health behaviors, such as avoiding tobacco; moderate alcohol use; exercise; and, a prudent diet. a major limitation in research to evaluate these alternative hypotheses has been the failure to conceptualize and measure social support in a way appropriate to detect its effects in varying social and cultural contexts. this is a major issue in research in sub-cultural communities that are also high risk communities, such as african-americans. design narrative: a cross-sectional survey of social stressors, social supports, health behaviors, and arterial blood pressure and serum lipids was conducted in a black community in the rural south to evaluate the relative strengths of the stress-buffering versus the health behavior hypothesis. social support was measured using a culturally appropriate technique which was sensitive both to the distinction between kin and nonkin social support, and the modification of the effects of that support by generational status. multiple regression analysis and path analysis were used to evaluate the alternative hypotheses.

Eligibility criteria:
no eligibility criteria
brain and muscle plasticity during immobilization

Conditions: Muscle Atrophy

Summary: patients in rehabilitation may undergo periods of prolonged limb immobilization in response to injury, surgery, or illness. due to disuse, the size and strength of muscles controlling the affected limb can decrease significantly, possibly resulting in physical impairment or lower quality of life during the recovery phase. prior immobilization studies have shown that the rate and degree of decline in muscle strength exceeds that of muscle size, indicating that determinants of muscle strength unrelated to muscle size may further contribute to functional changes during immobilization. the purpose of this study is to describe the changes in muscle strength, muscle size, corticospinal excitability, voluntary activation, m1 cortical thickness, and resting state functional connectivity following a 2-week limb immobilization period in young women.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * biologically female * right-hand dominant * body mass index between 18.5-30 kg/m\^2 (inclusive) * regular menstrual cycle * be able to maintain a habitual diet throughout the duration of the study exclusion criteria: * use of tobacco * pregnancy * a history of brain trauma * suffers from a neurological disease or movement disorder * peripheral nerve damage * use of medications known to affect protein metabolism (i.e., corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or prescription strength acne medications) * diagnosed with or suspects having a psychiatric illness * use of dietary supplements known to affect muscle size (i.e., creatine, fish oil) * past or present diagnosis of an eating disorder by a physician or registered dietician * possesses any metal implants (e.g. artificial joints, pacemakers, stents) or non-removeable medical devices that are contraindicative for magnetic resonance imaging (e.g. insulin pumps)
the efficacy of using far infrared radiation to manage muscular dystrophies

Conditions: Muscular Dystrophies

Summary: the muscular dystrophies (md) are a group of more than 30 neuromuscular disorders that are characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness, defects in muscle proteins and the death of muscle cells and tissue. this study will investigate the use of far infrared radiation for managing muscular dystrophies.

observations from our research studies indicate that, far infrared rays provide energy to the body, improve the autonomic functions of the nervous system, restore the functions of the endocrine system, strengthen the immune system, improve blood circulation and increase the level of oxygen in the cells and promote the regeneration of muscle cells, nerves and brain cells. it is hereby postulated that irradiation using far infrared, with wavelength between 5 to 20 microns, of the central nervous system, the endocrine system and the whole body could prevent, control, manage or possibly cure these neuromuscular disorders.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * persons with muscular dystrophies exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: myotonic dystrophy myopathies distal myopathies muscular dystrophy, duchenne phosphorylase deficiency (mcardle disease)
a hospital-based postnatal parent education intervention about infant immunizations

Conditions: Postpartum Women

Summary: immunization injections are the most common recurring painful medical procedure undertaken in childhood. numerous evidence-based and feasible interventions are available to mitigate immunization pain, however, there is low uptake of these interventions in clinical practice, revealing a knowledge-to-care gap between what is known about pain and pain management. this is a 4-year single-centre, randomized, parallel 3-group add-on trial that will enrol 3420 mothers hospitalized following the birth of an infant at mount sinai hospital (msh) in toronto. the trial will evaluate and compare the impact of two levels of intensity of maternal education about pain management during infant immunizations ('low': pamphlet vs. 'high': pamphlet + video) compared to placebo control after the birth of an infant on maternal behaviour during future infant immunizations at up to 6 months of age (use of analgesic interventions), maternal knowledge and attitudes about pain and pain management up to 6 months after birth.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * mothers rooming in with infants on postnatal ward exclusion criteria: * mothers with significant psychiatric conditions * mothers unable to communicate in english * mothers sharing room whereby another mother already participated

Keywords: parent education immunization vaccination infant pain management
effects on neuromuscular function after dry needling in myofascial trigger points in the gastrocnemius muscles

Conditions: Myofascial Trigger Point Pain

Summary: trigger points (trps) are a common musculoskeletal cause of local and referred muscle pain, as well as local inflammation in the muscle and fascia. from a clinical and sensory viewpoint, trps may be classified as active or latent. the principal difference is the reproduction of symptoms experienced by an individual (active) with or without stimulation. local and referred pain elicited from latent trps may be transient in duration upon stimulation, and latent trps may be present without spontaneous symptoms. both active and latent trps induce motor dysfunctions such as stiffness, restricted range of motion, and accelerated fatigability in the affected muscle. the interrater reliability of manual identification of latent trps in the calf muscles has been found to range from small to moderate. the clinical relevance of latent trps has increased in the last decade,4 and some studies have investigated the effects of treating them. among all manual therapies targeted to latent trps, ischemic compression, or trp pressure release, is the most commonly used. although trps may affect any muscle, the gastrocnemius muscle may be the most susceptible in the lower extremity to developing them. it has been reported that 13% to 30% of the asymptomatic population has latent trps in these muscles, and their presence may affect sport practice. the purpose of this study will be to evaluate changes in neuromuscular function, pain perception, and basic physical properties in myofascial trigger points (trps) after a single treatment session of dry needling in the gastrocnemius muscle. a randomized within-participant clinical trial with a blinded assessor will be conducted. 50 asymptomatic volunteers (100 gastrocnemius-muscle) with mrps gastrocnemius-muscle trps will bilaterally explored. each extremity will be randomly assigned to the control group (no treatment) or the experimental group (60 seconds of dry needling over each trp). neuromuscular function of the gastrocnemius muscle will be assessed using a myotonpro and a tensiomyography. muscle flexibility will be analyzed using the lunge test and the passive ankle range of motion. the strength will be determined with a handheld dynamometer (microfet2). pain perception will be analyzed with a 0-to-10 numerical pain rating scale and determination of pressure pain thresholds over each latent trp.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a trp will be diagnosed using the following criteria: palpable taut band, presence of a painful spot in the taut band, and referred pain on palpation of the spot. exclusion criteria: * participants were excluded if they reported any pain symptoms in the lower extremities in the previous year. * they were also excluded if they presented previous surgical interventions, previous lower-extremity injury, any underlying medical disease, pregnancy, or muscle soreness after vigorous exercise.

Keywords: dry needling gastrocnemius myofascial trigger point
intravenous dexmedetomidine for treatment of shivering during cesarean section under neuraxial anesthesia

Conditions: Tremor

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether dexmedotomidine is effective in the treatment of shivering associated with neuraxial anesthesia during cesarean delivery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cesarean delivery under neuraxial anesthesia (epidural or spinal) planned or unplanned between 8 am and 8 pm on week days when one of the investigator is present. * participants with fever or shivering before the cesarean section are include exclusion criteria: * no comprehension of french or english language * urgent cesarean delivery for non reassuring fetal tracing * extremely urgent cesarean delivery (grade 1) * weight \ 120 kg * hypersensibility to dexmedetomidine * heart, renal or hepatic disease requiring follow up, medication or with a possibility of instability during cesarean delivery * pre-eclampsia * combined spinal-epidural anesthesia * conversion into general anesthesia * blood products transfusions or major complications during surgery

Keywords: dexmedetomidine cesarean section anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, epidural
retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with "sandwich" technique of total urethral reconstruction versus standard robot-assisted radical prostatectomy versus laparoscopic radical prostatectomy surgery: a comparative prospective study of 300 patients

Conditions: Retzius-sparing Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy With "Sandwich" Technique of Total Urethral Reconstruction

Summary: to evaluate the impact of retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with "sandwich" technique of total urethral reconstruction on early recovery of urinary continence (uc) compared to the conventional approach (anterior approach) and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for the treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer (pca).purpose: the trial compares outcomes between three groups.

300 consecutive patients with clinically localized pca underwent rs-rarp-s (retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy and "sandwich" technique of total urethral reconstruction) or s-rarp (standard rarp) or lrp by 6 experienced surgeons regardless of clinicopathological features. the indication for one technique or the others were surgeon preference; one surgeon exclusively performed rs-rarp-s( did not exclude high risk cases or those with apical and anterior tumors), two surgeons performed s-rarp, and three surgeons exclusively performed lrp. the investigation include an extensive evaluation of clinical, oncological, functional and quality of life related data by means of validated patient-reported outcome measures. the primary outcome is early recovery of urinary continence compared to the conventional approach.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histological verified prostate carcinoma (first diagnosis) indication for primary curative radical prostatectomy age ≤80 years patient agrees to randomisation patient is able to fill in the questionnaires on his own patient is willing to provide written informed consent exclusion criteria: * insufficient knowledge of german severe cognitive impairment obesity (bmi \> 35) current existing severe comorbidities (e.g. liver cirrhosis, second malignancy or relapse of every kind) tumor stage: t4 previous malignancy (≤ 3 years before trial participation) neoadjuvant therapy (hormons) within the last 3 months before participation in the trial patient is immuno-compromised history of intermittent urinary self-catheterization within the last year psychological disorders (dementia, chronic depression, psychosis) any of the following treatments ≤ 3 months before trial participation: surgery of the sigmoid colon, extended haemorrhoid resection, transurethral needle ablation of the prostate (tuna), osteosynthesis of the pelvis, salvage prostatectomy patients with chronic urinary infection dialysis patients lacking willingness for data storage and handling in the frame of the trial protocol/aims
the effect of electric ride-on cars use during transport to the operating theatre

Conditions: Anxiety; Preoperative Anxiety; Pediatric Surgery

Summary: the aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of the use of a electric ride-on car during transport to the operating theatre on preoperative anxiety in children undergoing elective ambulatory surgery. as a distraction method, children in the experimental group will be introduced to the operating theatre with a electric ride-on car. yale modified preoperative anxiety scale child form will be used to evaluate anxiety. the sample size was determined as 118 as a result of power analysis. 59 children will be included in the experimental group and 59 children in the control group. translated with deepl.com (free version)


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * being between 2-10 years old, * less than 35 kg (according to the manufacturer's instructions for ride-on battery cars), * to undergo elective surgery, * volunteering to participate in the study. exclusion criteria: * having cognitive or physical disabilities that may prevent riding a electric ride-on car * premedication before surgery
assessment of ventilation-perfusion abnormalities in patients with stable smoking-related airways disease

Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Summary: subjects undergo history, examination, lung function assessment after informed consent has been obtained. all subjects will undergo ventilation-perfusion scans. if there first scan is normal they will undergo a second and final scan four weeks later. if abnormal they will undergo two further scans with either nebulized bronchodilator or nebulized saline prior to their second and third scans. each time they will have repeat lung function tests prior to scanning. we will examine the regional changes in ventilation and perfusion and there relationship to lung function.

as in brief description

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * fev1 \< 70% predicted at baseline on spirometry * significant smoking history or alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency * no evidence of current infection or restrictive lung disease exclusion criteria: * history of other significant respiratory disease * significant respiratory infection within 6 weeks * history of significant physical or mental illness rendering them unfit for the study in the opinion of the investigator * taken part in any other research within the past 12 months, or received exposure to ionizing radiation
study of gammacore sapphire for the acute and preventive treatment of post-traumatic headache (gap-pth)

Conditions: Post-Traumatic Headache

Summary: the purpose of this single-center, prospective, randomized, double-blind, sham controlled, parallel-group study is to collect clinical data related to the safety and efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation for the acute and preventive treatment of post traumatic headache.

the study will enroll 60 subjects over a period of 14 weeks each. subjects will use either a sham or active device to treat acute post traumatic headache. investigators will collect clinical data related to the use of the device.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. meets the ichd-3 criteria for acute headache attributed to mild traumatic injury to the head 2. experiences a minimum of 2 headaches (migraine or probable migraine phenotype) per week 3. presentation to clinic between 2 and 4 weeks after injury 4. able to provide written informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. any pre-existing primary headache disorder (with the exception of infrequent episodic tension type headache) 2. any contraindication to using nvns 3. initiation or change in the dosage of any medication commonly used or headache prophylaxis 3 months before enrollment into the study 4. continuous headache at the time of enrollment 5. pth \>4 weeks after injury 6. structural abnormality at the nvns treatment site (e.g., lymphadenopathy, previous surgery, abnormal anatomy) 7. pain at the nvns treatment site (e.g., dysesthesia, neuralgia, cervicalgia) 8. other significant pain problem (e.g., cancer pain, fibromyalgia, other head or facial pain disorder) that, in the opinion of the investigator, may confound the study assessments 9. known or suspected severe cardiac disease (e.g., symptomatic coronary artery disease, prior myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure) or an abnormal baseline electrocardiogram (ecg) within the last year (e.g., second- or third-degree heart block, prolonged qt interval, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, history of ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation, clinically significant premature ventricular contraction) 10. known or suspected cerebrovascular disease (e.g., prior stroke or transient ischemic attack, symptomatic carotid artery disease, prior carotid endarterectomy or other vascular neck surgery) 11. previous cervical vagotomy 12. a relative of or an employee of the investigator or the clinical study site 13. previously used gammacore
observation of physiotherapy treatment sessions - exploring what happens in physiotherapy for patients after stroke.

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: this is the first phase of a study that will investigate the effects that different approaches to physiotherapy have on the expression of associated reactions. during this phase, current practice among neuro-physiotherapists will be explored in relation to: the learning strategies used in stroke rehabilitation, the common interventions used in gait re-education, and the strategies adopted for the assessment and management of associated reactions.

associated reactions are unintended and involuntary arm movements, normally seen as bending of the wrist and elbow, that may occur after stroke when a person is doing something effortful such as walking. the objectives are: * to provide an insight into the learning strategies used by physiotherapists during the re-education of walking, including the verbal dialogue that takes place and any preferences (overt or subconscious) adopted for one type of learning strategy. * to develop and refine a description of what is meant by the term "gait re-education" * to provide an insight into how therapists currently manage associated reactions this phase of the study will explore these objectives using direct non-participation observation of a number of physiotherapy treatment sessions. this will provide an insight into the nature of the therapy that takes place for retraining walking(e.g. the types of exercises commonly used) and the nature of the learning strategies frequently adopted, including the amount and content of explicit verbal instruction and feedback that is provided to patients.

Eligibility criteria:
* has suffered a stroke * is currently receiving active rehabilitation that includes gait re-education * is exhibiting upper limb deficits * is able to provide informed consent.