Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
metabolic adaptations to high-fat diet

Conditions: Adiposity; Insulin Sensitivity; Impaired Glucose Tolerance; Metabolic Disturbance

Summary: the purpose of this study is to understand how the body's response after a meal is influenced by insulin and sugar in the blood. the primary question this study seeks to address is what is the effect of reduced insulin sensitivity on postprandial metabolic flexibility to an oral glucose tolerance test. we will recruit 50 adults (ages 20-45; 50% female) who are otherwise healthy (no known clinical diagnosis) into our non-randomized crossover trial to determine the effect of changes in insulin sensitivity on metabolic response to feeding. insulin sensitivity will be decreased using a three-day high-fat diet (hfd) with extra calories. whole-body metabolism will be measured during a standard 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt). metabolic response to feeding (e.g. ogtt) will be compared before and after the hfd and compared with the control diet to understand the effect of decreased insulin sensitivity on the metabolic response to feeding. the role of biological sex as a moderator of the effect of increased insulin resistance on postprandial metabolic flexibility will also be investigated


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * males or females between the ages of 20 and 45 years * body mass index (bmi) of 18.5-29.9 kg/m2 * low risk for medical complications as determined by physical activity readiness questionnaire (parq). * low risk for food insecurity via the hunger vital sign screener exclusion criteria: * currently taking any antioxidant supplementation, prescription non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, steroids, probiotics, medications for management of cholesterol, diabetes, body weight/obesity, or are undergoing transgender hormone therapy. * currently pregnant (verified by urine pregnancy test) * any history of disordered eating (i.e., anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, etc.) or high risk for disordered eating via validated questionnaire (scoff) * any history of gastrointestinal diseases (i.e., gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, crohn's disease, or lactose intolerance) * allergies to wheat or gluten, milk, soy, tree nuts (e.g., almonds, walnuts, pecans), or peanuts. * followed a ketogenic diet within the last three months * instructed by a medical provided to avoid a high-fat diet due to cardiovascular disease risk. * cardiorespiratory fitness (vo2max) greater than the 90th percentile for age and sex

Keywords: metabolism feeding substrate oxidation metabolic flexibility high fat diet insulin sensitivity
efficacy of olanzapine monotherapy for treatment bipolar ⅰ depression

Conditions: Bipolar Disorder; Depression, Bipolar

Summary: olanzapine may have some antidepressant properties and olanzapine monotherapy has been shown efficacy in bipolar depressive episodes in retrospective studies. however, there has been no prospective study about the monotherapy of olanzapine. the investigators conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled study to test the efficacy of olanzapine monotherapy for treatment of the depressed phase of bipolar disorder.

the study was designed as a double-blind randomized controlled trial, with research assessors and patients intended to be blind to the intervention status. the staff members performing the assessment were not involved in implementing any aspect of the intervention.68 patients were randomized to assigned 6 weeks by olanzapine or placebo. medications were provided in double-blind fashion. the assessments include montgomery-asberg depression rating scale, young mania rating scale, clinical global impressions-severity of illness scale, clinical global impressions-improvement scale, response and remission rates, and treatment emergent symptom scale.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * outpatients with clinical diagnosis of bipolarⅰdisorder * madrs total score ≥ 20 * cgi-s rating ≥ 4 * normal results of physical examinations, laboratory and electrocardiogram tests * being taken care of by a guardians during the trial exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating women * ymrs total score ≥ 15 * treatment with olanzapine within 3 months prior to study entry * retrospective history of poor antidepressive response to or intolerance of olanzapine * mental retardation * addictive disorder * diabetes mellitus * dyslipidaemia * cardiovascular diseases * hypertension

Keywords: olanzapine monotherapy bipolar ⅰ depression
early postoperative cognitive dysfunction after closed loop anesthesia vs inhalational anesthesia or tiva

Conditions: Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction

Summary: this study is designed to test the hypothesis that closed loop system reduces post operative cognitive dysfunction incidence 15 min after anesthesia more than desflurane, sevorane, total intravenous anesthesia manually guided by bispectral index in urologic surgical patients. the secondary aim is to evaluate the postoperative cognitive impairment in in elderly vs younger surgical patients.

postoperative cognitive dysfunction (pocd) is a transient cognitive impairment manifested by compromised memory and concentration with altered performance on intellectual tasks that can affect patients of any age but it is more frequent in advanced age people after anesthesia. recently clinical research has demonstrated the efficacy of computer- controlled endovenous drug delivery system guided by bispectral index score (bis) of the electroencephalogram as the control variable. the bis closed loop (cl) titration of propofol and remifentanyl target control infusion provides clinically adequate anesthesia with stability of cardiovascular parameters and favorable patients outcomes, including decreasing drug consumption and shortened postoperative recovery times when compared with manual control infusion.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients aged above 18 years * patients undergoing elective urologic surgery under general anesthesia expected 2 hours * american society of anesthesiology physical status ii- iii exclusion criteria: * patients with body mass index greater than 30, * patients with clinically significant cardiopulmonary, hepatic, renal disorders, neurological, psychiatric or metabolic disease * patients unable to read and write and with impaired hearing
noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for early extubation of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure

Conditions: Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure

Summary: acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (ahrf) refers to pathological states in which arterial blood oxygenation is severely impaired，and which need invasive positive pressure ventilation (ippv) as respiratory support technique in most cases.however，ippv carries well-known risks of complications such as ventilator induced lung injury (vili) or ventilator associated pneumonia (vap)，and the incidence of which is increased as the prolongation of ippv so as to lead to higher mortality rate. consequently，early extubation is extraordinarily necessary. more recently, nppv has shown to shorten the duration of ippv，reduce the mortality and morbidity rates in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). despite this evidence, the efficacy of nppv in patients with ahrf has not been evidenced. however，nppv has been shown to provide adequate ventilation and oxygenation，and reduce inspiratory muscle effort，neuromuscular drive，and dyspnea scores. moreover，to some patints，nppv is similar with ippv in providing oxygenation. the duration of weaning is from the first day a patient met standard criteria for weaning readiness to the time of successful extubation (lasting at least 48 h)，which represents 40-50% of the total duration of ippv.as a result，duration of ippv would be shortened if that of weaning was shortened. the investigators hypothesized that in mechanical ventilated patients with ahrf who met standard criteria for weaning readiness and suffer failure of spontaneous breathing trial, use of nppv for early extubation, providing adequate ventilation and oxygenation, would shorten the duration of ippv as the primary end-point variable, thereby reduce the incidence of complication and mortality rates. accordingly, the investigators conducted a prospective，randomized clinical trial to assess the efficacy of this strategy compared with the conventional-weaning approach.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * orotracheal intubation * arterial oxygen tension (pao2)\<60mmhg（venturi mask，fio2=0.5），and arterial carbon dioxide tension(paco2)≤45mmhg； * meeting standard criteria for weaning readiness * suffering failure of spontaneous breathing trial. exclusion criteria: * age\<18 * duration of invasive positive pressure ventilation\<48h * tracheotomy * percentage of cuff leak volume in tidal volume\<15.5% * unable to spontaneously clear secretions from their airway * recent oral，nasal，facial or cranial trauma or surgery * recent gastric or esophageal surgery * active upper gastro-intestinal bleeding * severe abdominal distension * lack of co-operation * chronic respiratory disease such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease，asthma，interstitial lung disease,etc.

Keywords: acute hypoxemic respiratory failure intermittent positive-pressure ventilation noninvasive positive pressure ventilation ventilator weaning
internal hernia after laparoscopic gastric bypass

Conditions: The Prevalence of Surgery for Small Bowel Obstruction After LGBP Procedure.

Summary: to see if closing the mesenteric defects created at a laparoscopic gastric bypass is better than leaving them open.

when the patients who has undergone a laparoscopic gastric bypass lose weight, the mesenteric defects that are inevitable to cause, gets bigger and can cause an internal hernia (ih). this study will observe whether it is better to close the defects or leave them open. the patients will be randomized into two groups. one, where the defects are closed with sutures and one where the defects are left alone. the primary endpoint of the study is the prevalence of surgery for obstruction. information about this will be gathered through the national register for obesity surgery in sweden, soreg. each arm in the study will include 1200 patients and the follow up period will be three years. since the register mentioned above is an ongoing register, the results can be studied over a longer period if wanted. the national hospital registry will further improve the follow-up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * any patient accepted for a laparoscopic gastric bypass that has given a written consent exclusion criteria: * conversion to open surgery prior to the randomization * patients not giving a written consent

Keywords: small bowel obstruction laparoscopic gastric bypass internal hernia mesenteric defect morbid obesity
postprandial glucose, insulin response to meal sequence among healthy uae adults

Conditions: Postprandial Hyperglycemia

Summary: the goal of this randomized controlled cross over trial is to compare the effects of meal sequences vpf meal vs. smm on the incremental area under the curve of postprandial glucose response among healthy adults in the uae. the main question it aims to answer is what is the effect of meal sequence of vegetable and protein first followed by carbohydrates (vpf) compared to a standard mixed meal (smm) on the postprandial glucose level and insulin response among healthy adults in the uae. participants will consume two is caloric test meals in random order (smm and vpf meal sequences) separated by a 7-10-day washout period then blood sample will be collected at fasting ,30min,60min and 120mon for glucose and insulin and hunger ration will be done as well .researchers will compare the effect of the two meals on postprandial blood glucose, insuline and hunger rating.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the inclusion criteria were age of 18-59 years * emirati, gulf cooperation council (gcc), and arabs ethnicity * bmi: 18.5-29.9 kg/m2 * fasting blood glucose level less than 100 mg/dl * non-smoker * no genetic or metabolic diseases * no known medical condition. exclusion criteria: * any participants with pre-existing diabetes * pregnant and breastfeeding women * participants with behaviors or/and health conditions that are known to affect glucose or -- insulin concentrations, such as smoking, gastrointestinal conditions, bariatric surgery, gastroparesis and reactive hypoglycemia * participants who consumed medication that might affect glucose or insulin response * participants with reported allergy or intolerance to any of the meal components (white basmati rice, grilled chicken, cucumber, tomato, and lettuce salad with lemon olive oil dressing).
vte and the related factors associated with higher rates of pe after a dvt in southwestern china

Conditions: Venous Thromboembolism; Deep Vein Thrombosis; Pulmonary Embolism; Anticoagulants

Summary: little is known about the current management status of venous thromboembolism (vte) in southwestern china. we aimed to investigate the status of anticoagulant administration in vte in southwestern china and assess the potential predictors of deep vein thrombosis (dvt) complicated pulmonary embolism (pe). we extracted data from yiducloud database from december 2006 to november 2018 and performed a cross-sectional survey of vte. the demographics, laboratory tests, and anticoagulants were collected and analyzed in the logistic regression model, classification tree and random forest model.

we established a collaborative epidemiological work of southwestern china for our cross-sectional survey sample, which included hospitalized patients in the seven main medical centers who met the inclusion criteria. the human research committee of chongqing medical university approved this study and waived the need for informed consent. patients were eligible to be included in the study if they are admitted or discharged with a diagnosis of dvt or/and pe and if they ever received treatment in the seven medical centers between december 2006 to november 2018.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: - in the chinese vte guidelines, the diagnosis of vte depends on a series of tests. d-dimer was used to screen for thrombosis, and limb venous ultrasound was used to diagnose dvt. ct pulmonary angiography (ctpa) or pulmonary ventilation perfusion scan was used for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. through the retrieval of patient diagnosis in the database, we retrieved the basic data of all patients diagnosed as vte during the study period. exclusion criteria: -
career enhancement training study (usaf)

Conditions: Suicidal Ideation

Summary: a study evaluating a training program to decrease risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors among early career trainees in the united states air force.

relationship disruptions and social isolation are major precipitants for military suicides and a range of problems that impair functioning and reduce mission readiness. however, nearly all current military suicide prevention programming focuses on a narrow range of approaches for individuals already at high-risk (e.g., training to detect warning signs and refer for treatment services). this project addresses the need for universal prevention approaches to proactively strengthen protective factors across military populations, including strengthening social connectedness and skills to grow and sustain relationships across service. the aims of this project are to (a) develop an intervention for early-career, enlisted united states air force personnel using an active training approach to strengthening social bonds, and (b) test the intervention (i.e., wingman-connect) using a randomized controlled trial design. wingman-connect focuses on airman-in-training to build protective factors in: kinship (healthy bonds); guidance (support from mentors and mental health); purpose (goals, sense of being valued and valuable); and balance (self-care and support). half of the training is focused on the class as a group to build belonging and shared purpose.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * airmen-in-training (ait) in technical training classes in the 365 or 363 training squadrons of the 82 training wing (82 trw) * eligible classes must be between 37-91 class days in length exclusion criteria: * airmen from other countries receiving training in us * airmen who are not in their first year of enlistment
trial for the treatment of alcohol dependence

Conditions: Alcoholism

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of two anti-craving medications, naltrexone versus acamprosate, in the treatment of alcohol dependence.

the physical, psychological and social consequences of alcohol abuse remain a critical health problem. every year in australia, excessive consumption is responsible for 3,000 - 6,000 deaths and costs the community $6 billion. approximately 15% of australians abuse alcohol and 5% of men and 3% of women are alcohol dependent (addicted to alcohol). better treatment for alcohol dependence is urgently needed. treatment for alcohol dependence remains unsatisfactory. most treatments lead to abstinence in only 1 out of 3 cases, and approximately 50% of these will relapse within 3 months of completing treatment. two drugs (naltrexone and acamprosate) appear to interfere with the effects of alcohol on the brain that promote addiction. there is evidence that both drugs are beneficial in the treatment of alcohol dependence and both are now available in australia. at present, no data have been reported comparing the effectiveness of these two drugs. the proposed project will compare naltrexone and acamprosate in a large, carefully performed, study. the study will help determine which subjects are likely to benefit from one or the other of these agents.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * alcohol dependence according to the icd10 criteria, with alcohol as the subject's drug of choice * ages 18-65 * adequate cognition and english language skills to give valid consent and complete research interviews (as assessed by mmse) * willingness to give written informed consent * abstinence from alcohol for between 3 and 21 days, and resolution of any clinically evident alcohol withdrawal exclusion criteria: * opiate abuse within the last one month * sensitivity to study medications or therapy with these drugs within 6 months * active major psychiatric disorder associated with psychosis or significant suicide risk * pregnancy or lactation * advanced decompensated liver disease (hepatocellular failure, variceal bleeding, ascites or encephalopathy)

Keywords: treatment alcohol dependence medication
acellular dermal matrix allograft versus free gingival graft

Conditions: Gingiva Atrophy; Gingivitis

Summary: the present split-mouth controlled randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate clinical and histological results of acellular dermal matrix allograft (adm) compared to autogenous free gingival graft (fgg)


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * absence or deficiency of keratinized tissue (\< 1mm) in two homologous contralateral sites of inferior premolars * miller class i or ii gingival recession * absence of radiographic bone loss * vital tooth or with adequate endodontic treatment * root surfaces without caries * good oral hygiene (plaque index \< 20%) exclusion criteria: * allergic to penicillin * presenting systemic disease that impede surgical procedure * smokers * pregnancy * intake of calcium channel blockers that cause gingival augmentation

Keywords: gingiva keratinized mucosa gingival graft
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms) and cognitive behavioral therapy (cbt) for gambling disorder

Conditions: Gambling Disorder

Summary: treatment options for gambling disorder (gd) remain limited, with no pharmacotherapy proven effective. as of date, cognitive behavioral therapy (cbt) is the preferred therapy for gd, but the improvements often require months to show, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive therapy. repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms) is a promising treatment modality in alleviating craving. studies have shown potential benefit of combining both cbt and rtms in substance addiction, but not in gd. thus, this study aims to determine the feasibility and efficacy of rtms and cbt combination therapy in the management of gd in indonesia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects with pathological gambling (sogs score ≥ 5) * subjects aged 18-70 years old * subjects who understand bahasa indonesia * subjects who agree to participate and receive treatment exclusion criteria: * subjects with history of psychotic disorder and personality disorder according to icd-11 * subjects with severe neurological disorder comorbidities, which cause seizure or loss of consciousness * subjects with intellectual disability * subjects with history of neurostimulation * subjects with history of medical implant * subjects currently or expecting pregnancy * subjects fulfilling diagnostic criteria of substance use disorder in the last 6 months
hyperbaric oxygen for wagner ii diabetic lower extremity ulcers

Conditions: Wagner Grade 2 Lower Extremity Ulcers

Summary: the purpose of this proposed dod study is to determine if hyperbaric oxygen therapy (hbot) plus standard wound care is more effective than standard wound care alone in the rate of healing and prevention of major amputation (metatarsal and proximal) in wagner grade 2 diabetic lower extremity ulcers.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age equal to or greater than 18. 2. type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus. 3. wagner grade 2 wound for at least 4 weeks. a diagnosis of a wagner grade 2 wound necessitates a persistent wound of 4 weeks (5). 4. dod beneficiary. exclusion criteria: 1. impending/urgent amputation due to ongoing or exacerbated infection. 2. severe depression. 3. claustrophobia. 4. seizure disorder. 5. uncontrolled asthma/severe copd with pco2 \> 45 mmhg on arterial blood gas. 6. grade 4 congestive heart failure. 7. unstable angina. 8. chronic/acute otitis media/sinusitis. 9. major tympanic membrane trauma. 10. prior chemotherapy with bleomycin and evidence of deterioration in diffusing capacity after a single hyperbaric oxygen exposure. 11. candidates for vascular surgery/angioplasty/stenting or patients with major large vessel disease. these patients could have peripheral vascular disease of such severity that hyperbaric treatment would not improve their condition. 12. vascular surgery/angioplasty within the last 3 months. this exclusion controls for improvements to a patients vasculature and perfusion that occur within 1-2 months after vascular surgery/angioplasty. this will ensure that any perfusion changes to the patient's diabetic wound ulcer area recorded during the study are a result of hyperbaric therapy instead of recent vascular procedures. 13. women who are breast feeding or of childbearing potential. 14. dementia or mental disability rendering the potential subject incapable of following instructions or consenting to treatment.