Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
diagnosis of rectal cancer by electromagnetic device

Conditions: Rectal Cancer

Summary: the aim of the present prospective study was to evaluate the prediction accuracy of electromagnetic detection of rectal cancer (rc). eligible subjects were consecutively enrolled in the investigators' institute and subjected to electromagnetic detection followed by colonoscopy and histopathologic analysis of biopsies. a putative rc carrier status was attributed to subjects showing an electromagnetic signal \< 50 units (u).

eligibility criteria: gastrointestinal disease or clinical symptoms related to colorectal cancer risk. exclusion criteria consisted of age younger than 18 years, history of psychiatric illness, and preoperative radiotherapy. outcome measures: rc screening was carried out using a tissue resonance interferometer probe (trimprobe) electromagnetic detector (galileo avionica, turin, italy), which consists of a nonlinear oscillator placed in a cylindrical probe about 30 cm long, a radiofrequency spectrum analyzer, and dedicated computer software. detection of rc is based on the decrease of the electromagnetic signal compared to the mean signal obtained in healthy subjects. the test was performed while the patient stood 120 cm from the receiver. the operator was on the opposite side of the examined pelvis. no metallic objects were allowed on the patient and no electronic devices were admitted in the test area. the detector was kept at close contact to the pelvis surface and was moved through six planes, to obtain a scan of the whole pelvis volume. based on the investigators previous study, we used the electromagnetic detection system at 465 mhz frequency, in a scale from 0 to 255 arbitrary u. the device lets the examination limited to the pelvis and we regarded the rectum cutoff within 15 cm from the anal verge.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * gastrointestinal disease or clinical symptoms related to colorectal cancer risk. exclusion criteria: * age younger than 18 years, history of psychiatric illness, and preoperative radiotherapy.

Keywords: rectal cancer population screening early detection
impact of chronic kidney disease on clopidogrel effects in diabetes mellitus

Conditions: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD); Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM); Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Summary: patients with diabetes mellitus (dm) and chronic kidney disease (ckd) are at increased risk of atherothrombotic events. clopidogrel is the most widely used platelet p2y12 receptor inhibitor in patients with coronary artery disease (cad). however, despite its benefits, many patients still experience recurrent atherothrombotic events. the proposed study will test the central hypothesis that in dm patients the presence of ckd reduces clopidogrel-mediated p2y12 inhibitory effects through synergistic mechanisms, which include upregulation of the p2y12 signaling pathway and impaired clopidogrel metabolism.

patients with diabetes mellitus (dm) and coexisting chronic kidney disease (ckd) are at increased risk of atherothrombotic events, underscoring the importance of secondary prevention antiplatelet therapy in these high-risk patients. clopidogrel is the most widely used platelet p2y12 receptor inhibitor in patients with coronary artery disease (cad). however, despite its clinical benefits, many patients still experience recurrent atherothrombotic events. this is in part due to the impaired effects of clopidogrel in dm patients, particularly among those with coexisting ckd. however, underlying mechanism(s) leading to magnification of impaired clopidogrel response among dm patients with ckd remain unexplored. the ever growing prevalence of ckd in patients with dm and their high risk of recurrent events underscores the need to define such mechanism(s) as this may set the basis for identifying treatment regimens leading to more effective platelet inhibition and cardiovascular protection in these high-risk patients. the proposed study will test the central hypothesis that in dm patients the presence of ckd reduces clopidogrel-mediated p2y12 inhibitory effects through synergistic mechanisms, which include upregulation of the p2y12 signaling pathway and impaired clopidogrel metabolism. comprehensive pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assessments, including ex vivo and in vitro experiments, evaluating the impact of ckd on antiplatelet drug response in dm patients are proposed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * type 2 dm, defined according to ada definition, on treatment with oral hypoglycemic agents and/or insulin * angiographically documented cad * on treatment with low-dose aspirin (81mg/day) for ≥30 days as part of standard of care. exclusion criteria: * use of any antiplatelet therapy (except aspirin) in prior 30 days * use of parenteral or oral anticoagulation * active bleeding * high risk of bleeding * clinical indication to be on a p2y12 receptor inhibitor * end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis * any active malignancy * platelet count \< 100x106/µl * hemoglobin \<9 g/dl * severe known liver disease * hemodynamic instability * known allergy to clopidogrel * pregnant / lactating females (women of childbearing age must use reliable birth control).

Keywords: pharmacodynamics (pd) pharmacokinetic (pk) clopidogrel
colistin versus colistin plus fosfomycin for infections caused by mdr acinetobacter baumannii

Conditions: Drug Safety

Summary: in siriraj hospital, colistin alone for treatment of mdr a. baumannii contributed to mortality 45% fosfomycin is an antimicrobial which has activity against gram-negative bacterial including mdr a. baumannii in this study, we compare the clinical and microbiologicalresponse of colistin alone versus colistin plus fosfomycin in treatment of a. baumannii infected patients

inclusion criteria * age\> 18 years * hospitalized to siriraj hospital * infected caused by a. baumannii * need colistin treatment exclusion criteria * pregnancy or lactating mother * colistin or fosfomycin allergy * patients who have severe abnormal renal or liver function

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age\> 18 years * hospitalized to siriraj hospital * infected caused by a. baumannii * need colistin treatment exclusion criteria: * pregnancy or lactating mother * colistin or fosfomycin allergy * patients who have severe abnormal renal or liver function

Keywords: a. baumannii colistin fosfomycin
real world use of emicizumab in infants and children ages 0-3 years with hemophilia a

Conditions: Hemophilia A

Summary: we have developed a questionnaire to elucidate the dosing, frequency and indication for the use of emicizumab in patients with hemophilia a (mild, moderate or severe) ages 0-3 years. we are also collecting data on any pre-, peri and post surgical practices while on emicizumab. more importantly, we are asking if pediatricians are planning to introduce factor 8 to children who are already on emicizumab for primary prophylaxis as well as how and when they are planning to do so. we hope that this data will help inform understanding of current use of emicizumab in infants and young children as a form of primary prophylaxis, especially when venous access has historically been a limiting factor.

this will be a multi-institutional, retrospective review of pediatric patients ages 0 to 36 months of age who are currently receiving and/or have received emicizumab-kxwh as part of their treatment for hemophilia a with or without inhibitors. participating sites are part of the new england region (plus new jersey and new york-region ii) of hemophilia treatment centers. each institution will be contributing subjects who have been treated or who are currently being treated with emicizumab, from october 4th, 2018 up to the point of irb approval. additionally, each institution will determine the best way to identify eligible patients and keep track of patients enrolled in the study. the children's hospital at montefiore will be the coordinating center.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients must meet the following criteria for study entry: * patients who have been prescribed emicizumab * patients who are 0-36 months of age at the time of starting treatment with emicizumab * diagnosis of congenital mild, moderate or severe hemophilia with or without an inhibitor exclusion criteria: * patients with acquired hemophilia a * patients with hemophilia a and another congenital or acquired bleeding disorder.
restoring sinus rhythm with cardiac resynchronization in patients with atrial fibrillation (resync af)

Conditions: Heart Failure, Atrial Arrhythmia

Summary: heart failure is a progressive disease that decreases the pumping action of the heart. this may cause a backup of fluid in the heart and may result in heart beat changes. when there are changes in the heart beat sometimes an implantable heart device is used to control the rate and rhythm of the heart beat. in certain heart failure cases, when the two lower chambers of the heart no longer beat in a coordinated manner, cardiac resynchronization therapy may be prescribed. people who have a dangerously fast heart beat, or whose heart is at risk of stopping beating, may be in need of an electronic device called an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (icd). atrial tachyarrhythmia (at) is the name for rapid beats in the upper chambers of the heart. people with at may experience symptoms such as heart palpitations (a racing or pounding feeling in the chest), shortness of breath, dizziness, fatigue or weakness. the purpose of this study is to characterize the impact of cardiac resynchronization therapy versus cardiac resynchronization therapy with atrial therapies on the incidence, duration and termination of atrial tachyarrhythmias.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects with atrial fibrillation * subjects with a heart beat that is too fast and who have been determined by a doctor to require an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (icd) i. exclusion criteria: * subjects with a natural heart rate less than 30bpm

Keywords: cardiac resynchronization therapy, atrial arrhythmia
can wearable technology products change our patient management in laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery

Conditions: Ambulation Difficulty; Physical Examination

Summary: the clinical progress of the patients whose mobilization the investigators follow up with wearable technology products will be observed in the early postoperative period until discharge. in this way, the investigators primarily aim to examine whether the bowel movements of our more mobilized patients return earlier.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who underwent laparoscopic abdominal surgery * colorectal cancer patients * curative surgeries * stage 0,1,2,3 patients exclusion criteria: * patients who cannot walk * patients converted to open procedure * patients with ostomy * patients for whom laparoscopy is contraindicated * palliative surgeries * patients with distant organ metastases
first trimester prediction of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction

Conditions: Preeclampsia; Fetal Growth Restriction

Summary: to evaluate the feasibility of screening for preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction between 11-13+6 weeks' gestation utilizing the combination of uterine artery doppler, maternal blood pressure, maternal characteristics, placental volume, and maternal serum factors, including pappa-a, plgf, afp and free beta hcg. this is a non interventional study.

preeclampsia (pe) is a condition which affects approximately 2% of all pregnancies and can be a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity/mortality (2). the suspected underlying mechanism of pe is thought to be impaired trophoblastic invasion of the maternal spiral arteries leading to impaired placental perfusion, placental ischemia and subsequent development of endothelial dysfunction (3). there is evidence that pe, which is commonly associated with fetal growth restriction, can be predicted effectively at 11-13 weeks gestational age by combined screening algorithms combining uterine artery pulsatility index (pi), maternal mean arterial pressure (map) and maternal serum concentrations of placental products including but not limited to plasma protein a (papp-a), and placental growth factor (plgf) (4-6). aim of study/hypothesis: the aim of this study is to develop an algorithm based on the combination of maternal factors, uterine artery pulsatility index, mean arterial pressure, placental volume and serum biomarkers to estimate patient specific risks for the development of preeclampsia in a us population.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all patients during their first trimester visit exclusion criteria: fetal anomalies pregnancies ending in termination, miscarriage or fetal death prior to 22 weeks and cases with no pregnancy follow up.
comparison of two drugs, cidofovir and ganciclovir, in treating patients with aids who have cmv retinitis

Conditions: Cytomegalovirus Retinitis; HIV Infections

Summary: to compare cidofovir with a commonly used treatment regimen, ganciclovir given by mouth (oral) and through an eye device (intraocular) , in order to determine the safety and effectiveness of cidofovir in preventing vision loss in patients who have aids complicated by cmv (cytomegalovirus) retinitis. cidofovir needs to be compared to ganciclovir to determine the best way to treat cmv retinitis.

while cidofovir is effective in suppressing retinitis and prolonging time to progression, no studies have compared cidofovir to other therapies and its place in the treatment of cmv retinitis remains unexplored. by combining the ganciclovir intraocular device (slows retinitis progression) with oral ganciclovir (has the potential to treat both the ocular disease and to suppress dissemination to the contralateral eye and the viscera), without the use of a central venous catheter, this combination has become increasingly common. for these reasons, a comparative trial of cidofovir to other therapies is appropriate. after being stratified by the clinic and by stage of disease, patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms: intravenous (iv) cidofovir (group i) or intraocular ganciclovir device plus oral ganciclovir (group ii). group i: cidofovir is administered iv once weekly for 2 consecutive weeks, then every 2 weeks thereafter. if progression occurs, oral ganciclovir is added to treatment or if this regimen is not tolerated, patients are treated according to the best medical judgment. concurrent oral probenecid and intravenous hydration are administered with each cidofovir infusion. group ii: an intraocular ganciclovir device is surgically implanted at baseline and then every 6 to 8 months and ganciclovir is administered orally. if more than 1 progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs, patients are treated according to the best medical judgment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria you may be eligible for this study if you: * are 13 years of age or older (parent or guardian consent required if under 18). * agree to practice sexual abstinence or use effective birth control during and for 90 days after the study. * have aids. * have cmv retinitis. exclusion criteria you will not be eligible for this study if you: * have a history of heart or kidney disease. * have medical problems which would prevent you from completing the study. * are pregnant.

Keywords: infusions, intravenous ganciclovir drug therapy, combination administration, oral antiviral agents drug implants cytomegalovirus retinitis eye cidofovir
transoral daytime neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with simple snoring

Conditions: Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Sleep Apnea; Sleep; Snoring

Summary: sleep disordered breathing (sdb) is a spectrum of conditions spanning from simple snoring to severe sleep apnea. sdb has multiple underlying mechanisms. some portion of patients have issues with upper airway dilator muscle control; and such patients may be amenable to upper airway muscle training exercises using neuromuscular stimulation techniques. the investigators and others have published on the topic of neuromyopathy in the upper airway, defining a subgroup of osa patients who may be amenable to training exercises. based on this background, the investigators seek to test the hypothesis that upper airway tongue muscle training using transoral surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation may have benefits to patients with simple snoring.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: • confirmation of snoring: must have a live-in bed partner that reports ≥ 6 months history of habitual snoring (i.e. \> 5 days per week) exclusion criteria: * ahi \> 15/hr * bmi \> 35 * non-english speakers (due to necessity to complete questionnaires) * inability to complete daily neuromuscular stimulation * other sleep disorders * tongue or lip piercing * pacemaker of implanted medical electrical devices * current or recent (within last 6 months) treatment for snoring or sleep apnea * previous oral or pharyngeal surgery other than dental * craniofacial skeletal or muscular abnormalities * history of driving or other accidents due to sleepiness or an epworth score (ess)\> 18 * pregnant * cardiac (other than hypertension), pulmonary, renal, neurologic, neuromuscular or hepatic disease * medications with sedative or myorelaxant properties or effects on cardiac or pulmonary function * substantial alcohol (\>3oz/day) or use of illicit drugs * psychiatric disorders (other than depression or anxiety) * snoring less than 20% of total sleep time during baseline polysomnography

Keywords: upper airway conditioning snoring snore sleep osa sleep apnea neurostimulation
objective examination and rehabilitation treatment of patients with bppv

Conditions: Postural Vertigo; Vertigo, Paroxysmal; Vertigo, Positional; Coordination Disorder, Developmental; Coordination and Balance Disturbances

Summary: dizziness (bppv) causes severe deterioration in quality of life, incoordination, and instability. in the study, we selected a minimum of 100 patients with bppv who were examined after specialist care. after the acute phase, a physical survey is performed where movement and coordination are examined. after the results, the patients undergo a rehabilitation training. the workout is submaximal and high intensity that is done for 3 weeks. hypothesis: as a result of training, it is possible that the remaining feeling of dizziness and insecurity, impaired coordination will decrease or disappear.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * for a patient with bppv * with a lack of coordination * dizziness * ear nose laryngeal examination * neurological examination exclusion criteria: * other neurological diseases * cardiological diseases * underwent surgery * severe joint pain * alcoholism * dementia * drug

Keywords: vertigo balance instability rehabilitation
safety and immunogenicity study of rift valley fever vaccine

Conditions: Rift Valley Fever

Summary: this study is designed to determine the safety and immunogenicity of a rift valley fever (rvf) vaccine

study objectives: the objectives of this two-part, primary immunization and booster dose, study are to continue to collect safety data on rift valley fever (rvf) vaccine, inactivated (tsi-gsd 200); and, to continue to collect immunogenicity data on rift valley fever (rvf) vaccine, inactivated (tsi-gsd 200) and analyze interim data to determine whether a 6-month dose is indicated; and, to provide potential protection for personnel at risk for occupational exposure to the rvf virus and collect data on incidence of occupational rvf infection (subclinical and clinical) in immunized personnel.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: parts a \& b: * at least 18 years old, or if active military duty, 17 years old, * females of childbearing potential must agree to have a urine pregnancy test within 48 hours before receipt of each dose of vaccine. the test results must be negative. females will be advised not to become pregnant for 3 months after the primary series and each booster dose, and must not be breast-feeding, * subject must be actively enrolled in the sip to be vaccinated at usamriid or be otherwise authorized (with documentation) by the dod * subjects must be at risk for exposure to rvf virus, * subjects must have an up-to-date (within 1 year) medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests in their charts and be medically cleared for participation by an investigator. examinations or tests may be repeated within 1 year at the discretion of the enrolling physician. * volunteer must have signed and dated the approved informed consent (volunteer agreement explanation and affidavit). additional inclusion criteria for part b: • completion of primary series and any follow-up titer (prnt80) \< 1:40 from the current or a previous rvf ind 365 protocol. exclusion criteria parts a \& b: * clinically significant abnormal lab results including evidence of hepatitis c, hepatitis b or carrier state, or elevated liver function tests. * personal history of immunodeficiency or current treatment with immunosuppressive medication, at the discretion of the physician. * confirmed hiv infection. * any medical condition that, at the discretion of the physician, may jeopardize the safety of the volunteer. * any serious or life-threatening allergies to any component of the vaccine: formalin, human serum albumin, neomycin, streptomycin * administration of any other vaccine within 28 days of any dose of rvf vaccine. * any unresolved adverse event resulting from a previous immunization. additional exclusion criteria for part b: • an adequate prnt80 (≥ 1:40) after completion of primary series.

Keywords: hemorrhagic fever, viral infections, neurologic diseases, arbovirus infections, rvf
effect of diffusion optics technology (dot) spectacle lenses on choroidal thickness

Conditions: Myopia; Myopia Progression; Juvenile Myopia

Summary: the objective of the study is to measure the effect of diffusion optics technology (dot) spectacle lenses on the choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity index compared to control lenses.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * are 8-14 years of age; * are able to read (or be read to), understand and sign the assent document; * are accompanied by a parent or legal guardian who is able to read, understand and sign the parental information and permission document; * are emmetropic by non-cycloplegic auto-refraction, which means both refractive meridians should be within +1.00d and -1.00d inclusively; * are willing and able to follow instructions. exclusion criteria: * are participating in any concurrent interventional clinical or research study; * have a history of myopia control treatment in the past year; * have amblyopia in either eye or known to have any other binocular vision disorder, such as accommodative insufficiency; * have any known active ocular disease and/or infection; * have a systemic condition that in the opinion of the investigator may affect a study outcome variable. examples include diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism; * are using any systemic or topical medications that in the opinion of the investigator may affect a study outcome variable. examples include atropine eye drops; * have undergone strabismus surgery, refractive error surgery or intraocular surgery; * are a child of a member of the study team.
definitive ar two year follow-up extension study

Conditions: Peripheral Arterial Disease

Summary: the purpose of this definitive ar two year follow-up extension study is to gather data to assess and estimate the long term effect of treating a vessel with plaque excision (pe) in combination with paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty (ptx pta) compared to treatment with ptx pta alone.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * was a subject in definitive ar i * is able and willing to provide written informated consent prior to study specific data collection. exclusion criteria: * withdrew consent in definitive ar i. * was reported dead during definitive ar i.