Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
extended-infusion of piperacillin-tazobactam versus intermittent infusion

Conditions: Gram-Negative Infections

Summary: continuous-infusion of piperacillin/tazobactam over 4 hrs instead of 30-minute intermittent dosage regimen has shown observable outcomes. our objective is to assess whether continuous infusion of piperacillin/tazobactam is superior in terms of efficacy, safety and cost to the intermittent regimen to treat suspected or proved infections due to gram negative bacteria. the setting is critical care medicine department at cairo university hospitals. methods a prospective randomized comparative study.

a total of 56 patients were recruited from icu- cairo university hospitals. all adult critically ill patients admitted to critical care medicine department with suspected or confirmed bacterial infections on admission or during their icu stay were assessed for inclusion into the study. all patients were subjected to the following: a. patient's full history: age, sex ,medical history ,concurrent diseases, concurrent medications b. patient evaluation and assessment: the following were evaluated at baseline and periodically thereafter until day of stopping antibiotic, discharge and/or death : 1. kidney functions (serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen) 2. liver functions (alt, ast, bil d, bil t, albumin) 3. complete blood count 4. microbiological evaluation: cultures and sensitivity tests from suspected site of infection 5. clinical signs and symptoms of infection documented by the attending physician on patient's medical record 6. apache ii variables

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults aged 18-74 years * expected icu stay more than 24 hours exclusion criteria: * allergy or potential allergy to the study medications * pregnancy * patients with crcl\< 20 ml/min or on dialysis * cancer patients

Keywords: antibiotics beta-lactams continuous administration
pilot study of pufa-optimized rutf for severe acute malnutrition

Conditions: Kwashiorkor; Marasmus

Summary: to test whether a ready-to-use therapeutic food (rutf) enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids (rutf-p) is as effective for the treatment of severe acute malnutrition (sam) as standard rutf.

since 2007, rutf has been the recommended treatment for sam. rutf is not conducive to the growth of bacteria because of the low moisture content, does not require cooking, and has led to greater recovery rates than liquid milk formulations in direct comparisons. one expected benefit of the rutf-p is improved outcomes due to the higher levels of essential fatty acids. the essential fatty acid profile (i.e., the level of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids) of rutf-p may have important implications for cognitive development of children, especially infants, with sam who consume these foods as their sole dietary source for several weeks. in particular, an excess of omega-6 fatty acids (from sources such as peanut and corn oil) and a minimum of omega-3 fatty acids (from sources like flax) may fail to support optimal cognitive development and neural function. in this prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled clinical effectiveness trial, we will compare two rutf products in the treatment of sam to test the effects of the two different rutf products on essential fatty acid status.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * kwashiorkor and/or marasmus * 6-59 months of age * lives in local area near enrollment site exclusion criteria: * recent (\<4 months) therapeutic feeding for moderate or severe acute malnutrition * chronic medical condition (eg, down syndrome, other congenital syndrome, chronic heart disease) that may make feeding and growth difficult (not to include hiv or tb) * caretaker refusal of 2 blood draws * ineligibility for outpatient therapy (ie, severe illness or anorexia requiring inpatient therapy) * caretaker expresses plans to move away from local area of clinic, making followup difficult

Keywords: severe acute malnutrition polyunsaturated fatty acids ready-to-use therapeutic food
group based parent training for children with autism and disruptive behaviors

Conditions: Autism Spectrum Disorder

Summary: the goal of the study is to providing parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (asd) and disruptive behaviors essential skills to manage their children's behaviors using an evidence based parent training protocol. beyond the feasibility of delivering an evidence based intervention in groups and with community partners, primary and secondary outcomes in both the children and the parents who participated in the study are assessed during and after the intervention process

the investigators will deliver parent-mediated, community-implemented, group intervention for parents of young children with autism and disruptive behavior. the intervention is 11-12 weeks and will take place in community settings such as special education schools and community centers. within these meetings parents will be given the skills to understand their child's behavior and work to modify those that are clinically disruptive to the child and their environment. groups will be facilitated by student therapists under direct weekly supervision of a board certified behavior analyst (bcba). data will be collected before, after, and throughout the intervention, primarily by parent-report with one teacher-report measure and two (pre/post) filmed parent-child interactions. the primary desired outcome is a measurable decrease in the child's disruptive behaviors and an increase in their adaptive behaviors. although the intervention specifically targets disruptive behavior, we expect to see consequent improvement in a number of linked domains. these represent desired secondary outcomes. first, as a result of receiving concrete skills and seeing improvement in their child's behavior, as well as due to participation in the group with other families, a reduction in parental stress and an increase in their perceived self-efficacy should occur, as well as a reduction in the stress of the non-participating parent. second, after the reduction in disruptive behaviors there should be an improvement in autism symptomatology. improvements in behavior will allow the child to benefit more from their environments, leading to social and developmental gains. in the context of the current study, the impact of the intervention on family accommodation is also assessed, hypothesizing that by learning how to analyse and modify behaviors, parents are gaining a broader insight into the impact their own behaviors have on that of their children.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * formal asd diagnosis exclusion criteria: -
a randomized controlled study of the efficacy and safety of maintenance treatment with oral ganciclovir for newly diagnosed cytomegalovirus retinitis in people with aids

Conditions: Cytomegalovirus Retinitis; HIV Infections

Summary: to compare the time to progression of cmv retinitis between oral ganciclovir and iv ganciclovir during 20 weeks of maintenance treatment. to compare the safety and tolerance of oral ganciclovir with iv ganciclovir therapy during 20 weeks of maintenance treatment. to describe the safety and tolerance of oral ganciclovir treatment when given concurrently with anti-retroviral treatment, e.g. zidovudine or ddi. to describe the survival of people with aids and cmv retinitis.

approximately 150 subjects with aids and newly diagnosed cmv retinitis will be enrolled in the study to achieve 120 randomized subjects. eligible subjects will have cmv retinitis which has been diagnosed within one month of study entry by an ophthalmologist using indirect ophthalmoscopy. subjects will be accrued by recruitment or referral. anyone who volunteers for the study, meets the eligibility criteria, and signs an informed consent will be eligible for entry.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria patients must have the following: * confirmation of hiv infection by hiv-antibody testing, p24 antigen assay, or culture of hiv, or have diagnosis of aids by cdc criteria. * cmv retinitis diagnosed within one month of study entry. * understand the nature of the study, agree to its provisions, and sign the informed consent approved by the appropriate institutional review board and syntex. exclusion criteria concurrent medication: the following are excluded: * antimetabolites. alkylating agents. selected nucleoside analogs. selected cytokines. patients with the following are excluded: * persistent diarrhea, nausea, or abdominal pain or other clinically significant gi symptoms or uncontrolled gastrointestinal disease. diarrhea is defined as 3 or more unformed stools per day. * have ocular media opacities (corneal, lenticular, or vitreal) preventing ophthalmologic retinal assessment and photography. * have ocular conditions requiring immediate surgical correction (e.g. retinal tear or detachment). * require continuation of concomitant medications precluded by this protocol, e.g., antimetabolites, alkylating agents, selected nucleoside analogs, and selected cytokines and other medications listed in the protocol. * history of hypersensitivity to acyclovir or ganciclovir. * dementia, decreased mentation or other encephalopathic signs and symptoms which would interfere with the ability of the subject to give informed consent or comply with the protocol. prior medication: the following are excluded: - previous use of anti-cytomegalovirus drug (e.g., ganciclovir, foscarnet, fiac, or cmv hyperimmune globulin) within one month of study entry.

Keywords: retinitis ganciclovir cytomegalovirus infections acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
heartstart frx defibrillator event registry

Conditions: Sudden Cardiac Arrest

Summary: this post market clinical follow-up study is a multi-center, non-randomized, unblinded, observational registry of the performance of the frx automated external defibrillator (aed) used in conjunction with electrodes with or without use of the infant/child key. the registry is focused only on on post-event data collection and does not prescribe any device usage. this registry has several safeguards in place to prevent against selections bias, including enrollment of all participants who have pads placed. this registry will evaluate the safety and verify the clinical performance of the device in relation to its claims, when used in accordance with the device manual.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects accepted into the study must: have been suspected of a circulatory arrest for any cause * have had heartstart frx aed with electrodes: heartstart smart pads ii applied to their body and powered up, regardless of whether a defibrillation shock was delivered exclusion criteria: * aed or pad use other than the heartstart frx aed with electrodes : heartstart smart pads ii * aed used for training purposes.
a global study to evaluate transarterial chemoembolization (tace) in combination with durvalumab and bevacizumab therapy in patients with locoregional hepatocellular carcinoma

Conditions: Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Summary: a global study to evaluate transarterial chemoembolization (tace) in combination with durvalumab and bevacizumab therapy in patients with locoregional hepatocellular carcinoma

this is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, global phase iii study to determine the efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (tace) treatment in combination with durvalumab monotherapy or tace given with durvalumab plus bevacizumab therapy compared to tace therapy alone in patients with locoregional hepatocellular carcinoma not amenable to curative therapy

Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: * no evidence of extrahepatic disease * disease not amenable to curative surgery or transplantation or curative ablation but disease amenable to tace * child-pugh score class a to b7 and eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status of 0 or 1 at enrollment * measurable disease by modified response criteria in solid tumors (mrecist) criteria * adequate organ and marrow function key exclusion criteria * any history of nephrotic or nephritic syndrome * clinically significant cardiovascular disease or history of arterioembolic event including a stroke or myocardial infarction, unstable angina, cerebrovascular accident, or transient ischemic attack within 6 months prior to randomization * any prior or current evidence of coagulopathy or bleeding diathesis or patients who had any kind of surgery in the past 28 days (biopsies are exempt from this exclusion) * history of abdominal fistula or gi perforation, non healed gastric ulcer that is refractory to treatment, or active gi bleeding within 6 months prior to enrollment * patients with vp3 and vp4 portal vein thrombosis on baseline imaging are excluded

Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma tace durvalumab bevacizumab liver cancer
specific preoperative dynamic contrast-enhanced mri semi-quantitative markers can correlate with vascularity in specific areas of the glioblastoma tissue and predict recurrence

Conditions: Glioblastoma

Summary: radiological markers of vascularity as wash-in rate, washout rate, and capillary time to peak in different single tumour regions were extracted for all glioblastoma patients before being surgically resected from preoperative dce-mri. tissue samples were obtained from different intratumoral regions and peritumoral oedema and evaluated for the vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf)


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma with a maximum diameter from 3-5 cm as a single lesion identified by mri. * the lesions should be surgically resected at the time of the presentation. exclusion criteria: n/a
care for colon 2015

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer; Adenoma

Summary: the investigatior believe that implementing camera capsule endoscopy as a filter test to colonoscopy will increase screening participation, increase the number of individuals with detected intermediate- high risk adenomas or cancer, reduce the colonoscopy demand and reduce the number of complications.

the danish national colorectal cancer screening program includes all citizens aged 50-74 years, who are invited biennially to a fecal test for invisible blood in the stool. if the test is positive the citizen is invited for a colonoscopy. 90% of the test-positive undergo colonoscopy. the detected cancers are at a significant earlier stage and survival from screening detected cancer is higher. it is also expected that cancer incidence will drop due to removal of the advanced adenomas before they develop into cancer. although initial results are positive, there is room for improvement. additionally there are rare but serious complications to colonoscopy in the form of bleeding or bowel perforation. through four years the investigators have tested the colon capsule endoscopy method, and find that the investigation is associated with significantly less discomfort and that the diagnostic ability to find polyps \> 1 cm is better than colonoscopy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participation in the danish colorectal screening program exclusion criteria: * none

Keywords: camera capsule endoscopy colorectal cancer screening optical colonoscopy colorectal cancer
patient preference, sleep quality, and anxiety/depression: a comparison of raltegravir and efavirenz

Conditions: Sleep Disorders; HIV Infections

Summary: efavirenz causes neuropsychiatric side effects and sleep disturbance, including vivid dreams, dizziness, and abnormal tiredness. these symptoms are frequent during the first weeks of treatment, with subsequent attenuation but may not completely resolve even years after efavirenz initiation. the investigators plan a four week, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. in group 1, efavirenz will be replaced with efavirenz placebo plus raltegravir, in group 2, efavirenz would be continued, and raltegravir placebo given in addition. after two weeks, patients in group 1 would switch to the regimen of group 2, and vice versa. the primary endpoint of the trial will be patient preference. sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and anxiety will also be investigated.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients \> 18 years * signing the study consent form and agree to change art regimen * stable haart including efv since at least 3 months * hiv-rna below 50 copies for at least 3 months exclusion criteria: * no major psychiatric disease (psychosis, severe depression) diagnosed before the initiation of efv * mentally incompetent patients * pregnancy or lactation women of childbearing potential must use one or two reliable contraceptive methods during the trial, from day 1 to the end of week 12. acceptable methods include the birth control pill, iud, condoms with spermicides. non-acceptable methods include (non-exhaustive list): withdrawal, calendar (onigo method), or spermicides alone. * concomitant renal or hepatic disease: * creatinine above 150 micromol/l * transaminases above 5 times upper normal limit * prothrombin (quick) value below 50%

Keywords: raltegravir efavirenz anxiety depression sleep quality hiv nnrti tritherapy compliance stocrin treatment experienced
pulpotomy vs root canal treatment for teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis

Conditions: Pulpitis - Irreversible

Summary: high-quality evidence is needed to add to current knowledge and also assess the long-term outcomes for full/complete pulpotomy after carious pulpal exposure in patients with signs and symptoms indicative of irreversible pulpitis


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * a mature permanent tooth * symptoms indicative of irp * responsive to cold and ept sensibility testing * restorable and can be adequately isolated during treatment * one tooth (molar or premolar) per patient. exclusion criteria: * active periodontal disease * complex medical histories * unable to consent * pregnant or breast-feeding * excessive bleeding that cannot be controlled

Keywords: vital pulp therapy
prevalence of frailty among people aged 75 and over living at home

Conditions: Frailty

Summary: the aging of population lead to study ways to prevent dependence. frailty is a precursor to dependence which can be reversible. in the literature, estimate of prevalence of frailty is highly variable depending on the frailty definition, the population studied and the screan tool used. in fact, many scales to measure frailty have emerged without gold standard. the segam showed its usefulness in aged patients living at home.

the aim of the study is to describe prevalence of frailty in patients aged of 75 and more living at home.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female * aged of 75 and more * living at home * agreeing to participate in the study exclusion criteria: - none

Keywords: frailty - segam - living at home
intravenous plasma treatment for parkinson's disease

Conditions: Idiopathic Parkinson Disease

Summary: this study will do a preliminary evaluation of a possible treatment for mild-to-moderate parkinson's disease. patients will be treated with either transfusions of plasma from young donors. or with placebo transfusions. in the following several months, parkinson's symptoms will be monitored and compared for the two groups.

this is a double-blind placebo controlled trial, designed to evaluate the efficacy of plasma from volunteer donors of ages 18-25. this young fresh frozen plasma (yffp) will be given intravenously in two doses of 12.5 ml/kg each, with 40-56 hours between doses. in the following 24 weeks, parkinson's symptoms will be monitored using the short version of the stanford presenteeism scale (sps-6), and a modified version of the updrs scale.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of parkinson's disease * disease duration of 1 to 5 years * willingness to confirm the use of adequate birth control while on the trial will be required in premenopausal women without evidence for an inability to become pregnant. * willingness to not start any other treatment for parkinson's or multiple sclerosis during the parallel part of the trial. exclusion criteria: * other significant disease, which in the view of the study doctor may make assessment of the efficacy of yffp difficult. * unstable medical conditions. * must weigh at least 45.5 kg. cannot weigh more than 130 kg. * a severe disease state diagnosis * litigation. patients in litigation will be excluded only if conclusion of that litigation is imminent during the course of the study. * if patient is pregnant or breastfeeding. * complete iga deficiency. * rare contraindications to yffp therapy as per summary of product characteristics. * receiving yffp for other reasons. * ongoing drug or alcohol abuse. * psychiatric disorder that could, in the judgement of the site investigator, interfere with successful study participation. * unwillingness or inability to complete the study or an inability to understand the questionnaires being used. * cancer other than basal cell carcinoma within the last 5 years. however, those patients who have received definitive treatment, such as curative surgery more than 6 months ago, with no known recurrence can be included. * a history of hypercoagulable or thrombophilic clotting abnormalities. * a history of thromboembolic events: ischaemic stroke, confirmed myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism; deep venous thrombosis except where immobility related (for example, after injury or operation). * unstable angina pectoris. * medications that might react with yffp such as blood thinners * renal failure or serum creatinine greater than 1.5 times the upper limit of normal at screening. * any medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would make it unsafe for the patient to participate or which would interfere with assessment of the outcome measures. * participation in another interventional trial within 3 months of randomization. participation in non-interventional studies is not a reason for exclusion.
blended oil beneficial for blood lipids management

Conditions: Hyperlipidemias

Summary: to investigate the effects of two types of oil blends on blood lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, body composition, gut microflora and other markers of cardiometabolic disease risk in chinese men and women with borderline hyperlipidemia

the primary aims of this study is to evaluate the effects of consumption of two separate blends of cooking oil, containing rice bran, flaxseed and sesame oils, for a period of 8 weeks, on blood total cholesterol, total triglycerides, low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and metabolism in borderline hyperlipidaemic, 50 to 70 years old, chinese, male and postmenopausal female, as compared to refined olive oil. the secondary aims of the study is to evaluate the effect of the two separate blends of cooking oil on markers of cardiometabolic diseases risk (including body composition, glucose homeostasis, markers of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation) and changes in gut microbiota composition and function.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and post-menopausal female, * chinese ethnicity * age ≥50 and ≤70 years * ldl cholesterol (measured) ≥3.06 mmol/l and ≤4.51 mmol/l exclusion criteria: * body mass index (bmi) \> 27.5 kg/m2. * having allergies / intolerances to the foods in the meal accompaniments of the study * having undergone bariatric surgery * having fasting glucose ≥7.0 mmol/l * having heart, kidney (nephrotic syndrome), blood or thyroid dysfunctions * history of chronic liver diseases including nafld, liver cirrhosis or hepatic fibrosis or having history of hiv, hep-b or hep-c virus * having prescription medication or traditional chinese medicine or supplements known to affect blood lipid metabolism, in the opinion of the study investigators, in the last two weeks prior to screening * having diabetes or chronic gastrointestinal disorders * following any special diets (for medical or aesthetic reasons) * smoking * having had diarrhea in the last 3 months * having taken antibiotics in the last 3 months