Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
early diagnosis of childhood cerebral ald

Conditions: Adrenoleukodystrophy

Summary: the goal of this single institution study is to evaluate boys with adrenoleukodystrophy (ald) diagnosed early in life, and to prospectively monitor them to determine parameters that will facilitate earlier detection of the childhood cerebral form of the disease. these at-risk subjects will be assessed yearly through travel to the university of minnesota, where plasma and cerebral spinal fluid (csf) biomarker studies, mri based imaging and neuropsychological assessments will be performed at the university of minnesota masonic children's hospital and clinics. the mri and lumbar puncture to obtain csf will be obtained under sedation. in addition, at intervening 6 months intervals information will be obtained remotely, including surveys and mri's in their home location. also at that time blood samples will be obtained locally and shipped to the university of minnesota for study. there is no therapeutic intent in this study.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * boys with confirmed adrenoleukodystrophy, as determined by very long chain fatty acid (vlcfa) analysis and/or genotyping. genotyping is not necessary for diagnosis. * between 1 and 5 years of age, inclusive at the time of consent. * able to undergo a sedation * english as primary language of the household, to maximize consistency of the neuropsychological/developmental testing. * voluntary written parental/guardian consent exclusion criteria: * evidence of cerebral disease at time of enrollment - patients over 3 years of age must have an mri within 4 months of signing consent to confirm that there is no evidence of cerebral disease * inability or unwillingness to travel to the university of minnesota once a year for the duration of the study * evidence of cerebral disease by standard t2/flair mri. if a subject develops cerebral ald during the study, they will come off study, as it is anticipated that they would be considered for transplantation.

Keywords: ald newborn screening
a prospective phase ii randomized clinical trial of preoperative chemotherapy combined with short-course radiotherapy versus conventional neo-adjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer implemented by mdt

Conditions: Rectal Cancer, Radiotherapy

Summary: the study is designed to analyze the pathological tumor response on locally advanced rectal cancer after preoperative treatment with neo-adjuvant therapy regimen or with chemotherapy combined with short-course radiotherapy in a prospective cohort and to correlate this response with patient's outcome

this is a phase ii , open label, randomized study in patients with confirmed diagnosis of locally advanced rectal cancer. the study is designed to analyze the pathological tumor response on locally advanced rectal cancer after preoperative treatment with neo-adjuvant therapy regimen or with chemotherapy combined with short-course radiotherapy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 1. consent to this study * 2. histological or cytological confirmed diagnostic of rectal carcinoma * 3. locally advanced rectal cancer without metastasis, confirmed by pelvic mri (ct3crm+、ct4nx or ctxn2m0)(ct3crm+: margin between the deepest point of tumor and rectal adventitia/serosa surface is less than 1 mm measured in pelvic mri) * 4.with no presence of anemia (hb≤60g/l) induced by tumor bleeding or bowel obstruction * 5.with no presence of other organ metastasis or extra-regional lymph node involvement * 6.with no history of chemotherapy * 7.ecog score is 0 or 1 * 8.adequate ability of bone marrow, liver and kidney function * 9.no pregnancy exclusion criteria: 1. unable to intake oral medicine 2. arrhythmia need treatment(besides β-blocker or digoxin); symptomatic coronary artery disease or history of myocardiac infarction within 6 months ；congestive heart failure nyha ii grade or severe 3. hiv infection or active chronic hbv or hcv 4. severe clinical infection at active stage 5. epileptic seizure need treatment 6. history of organ transplantation 7. renal failure or intaking renal dialysis 8. clinical hemorrhagic tendency or disorders of blood coagulation or intaking anticoagulant or thrombolytics 9. severe unhealed wound or skin ulcer or bone fraction 10. measurable massive ascites 11 history of other malignant tumor(except cured cervical tumor in site and cured cutaneous basal cell carcinoma) in last 5 years 12.chronic inflammatory bowel disease， bowel obstruction，hereditary fructose intolerance 13.medicine abuse；medical，psychologic or social conditions might disturb patients or results 14.known or suspected allergy to any drugs in this study 15.any situation or status that might endanger patient's safety or compliance 16.pregnant woman or suckling period woman; fertility without taking sufficient contraception 17.history of pelvic radiotherapy

Keywords: rectal cancer, radiotherapy
diagnosis test for gestational diabetes mellitus

Conditions: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) is an asymptomatic disease. diagnosis is based on a oral glucose tolerance test (ogtt) requiring pregnant women to absorb 75g of glucose while fasting since midnight and to stay sober for another two hours. these ogtts are poorly tolerated by pregnant women. as many ogtt are false positive according to self-monitoring blood glucose (smbg), the investigators need now to determine the percentage of ogtt results that are false negative. the comparison of the two tests (ogtt and smbg) in the same patient with normal results of ogtt will determine the exact percentage of false negative ogtt results. the opinion of women will also be taken into account. in the everyday clinic, many report that they prefer smbg to ogtt because they do not have to be fasting, to drink non palatable drink and to attend a 2-hour visit in their schedule. however, no opinion study has yet been performed, the investigators will investigate formally what women think using a questionnaire.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * positive gdm screening test (glycemia post-50g of glucose ≥ 7.2 mmol/l), * between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation from the last menstruation, * single pregnancy, * able to read and understand french. exclusion criteria: * known type 1 or type 2 diabetes, * disease or treatment interfering with the metabolism of glucose, * deficiency may hinder the understanding of the study.

Keywords: diagnosis
a novel non invasive brain stimulation based treatment for chronic low back pain (clbp)

Conditions: Chronic Low Back Pain

Summary: neuropathic pain results from damage to or dysfunction of the peripheral or central nervous system, rather than stimulation of pain receptors. diagnosis is suggested by pain out of proportion to tissue injury, dysesthesia (eg, burning, tingling), and signs of nerve injury detected during neurologic examination. although neuropathic pain responds to opioids, treatment is often with adjuvant drugs (eg, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, baclofen, topical drugs). neuropathic pain (e.g. phantom limb pain, crps, postherpetic neuralgia, postsurgical pain syndromes, clbp etc.) remains a challenging condition to treat because it is commonly refractory to classical pharmacological and to surgical treatment approaches. chronic low back pain (clbp) is a widespread and costly problem for which few interventions are effective. an increased focus on the study of the nervous system and its involvement in pain disorders has documented complex neuronal activity and structural changes at a peripheral, as well as at spinal cord and cortical levels indicating a neuropathic element in clbp. accumulated evidence suggests that neuropathic pain in general and clbp specifically might be associated to brain cortical plastic changes. thus an ideal rehabilitative approach should aim to reverse them. in line with this idea, the investigators suggest an innovative noninvasive intervention aimed at alleviating neuropathic pain. new rehabilitative approaches have been proposed to try and reverse this cortical reorganization. results of several studies have shown that motor cortex stimulation with epidural electrodes or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms) or transcranial direct stimulation (tdcs) are effective in reducing pain in patients with central pain refractory to treatment. transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) is an easily applied and safe technique by which brain activity can be modulated noninvasively and can decrease pain in patients with refractory central pain. the investigators hypothesized that focal-tdcs treatment personally customized to each patients basal neuronal network properties would result in both acute and long term pain relief for neuropathic pain patients.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age 18 to 70 2. clbp as defined by the european guidelines exclusion criteria: 1. acute low back pain (duration of less than 6 months 2. neurological illness causing structural brain damage (e.g. stroke, tia) 3. psychiatric disease other than mood disorders 4. current chronic use of medications with pro-epileptic properties 5. known alcohol dependency 6. use of alcohol within the previous 24 hours 7. history of loss of consciousness 8. epilepsy or epilepsy in a first degree relative 9. medical implants 10. pregnancy 11. illicit drug use or within the previous month
pk/pd of ceftazidime avitbatan sodium in children with severe infection

Conditions: Sepsis; Antibiotic Reaction

Summary: ceftazidime avitbatan sodium is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with an antimicrobial spectrum covering resistant gram-negative bacteria. its use in pediatric intensive care for severe infections is not unusual. pathophysiological changes in severe sepsis can lead to significant changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics during continuous renal replacement therapy.this research aims to study change of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic in severe infection children with extracorporeal life support, thus improve the treatment of severe sepsis and sepsis shock.

this study is an observational clinical study. subjects were recruited from children with severe infection receiving ceftazidime avitbatan sodium under routine clinical diagnosis and treatment routine. there is no control, no double-blind randomized design, and the normal treatment schedule of patients was not interfered with, and the disease risk of patients was not increased.all subjects had received at least 5 doses of ceftazidime avitbatan sodium before enrollment. blood sampling time points of ceftazidime avitbatan sodium are listed as follow: before administration (0 min); 5,30 min,1 h,2 h,4 h and 8 h after administration, if blood purification is received, one blood sample will be collected before and after the filter at the same time point. the concentration of ceftazidime avitbatan sodium in whole blood will be analyzed at huashan hospital of fudan university.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children who are admitted in the pediatric intensive care unit receiving ceftazidime avitbatan sodium exclusion criteria: * no informed consent signed * participate in other clinical trials
exercise in mental illness questionnaire: french validation

Conditions: Exercise

Summary: the validation of the french version of the exercise in mental illness questionnaire - health practitioner version (emiq-hp) is a prospective observational case-only study involving: (a) translation to french, (b) an expert consensus meeting with french speaking experts from canada to reach a first version, (c) back translation to english, (d) evaluation of the back-translation by the original authors of the emiq-hp, (e) an expert consensus meeting with french speaking experts from canada to reach a final version based on comments of the original authors, and (f) test-retest reliability study. test-retest reliability will be analysed through two points of measurement with an interval of 7 days.

the aim of this study is to cross-culturally validate the french translation of the exercise in mental illness questionnaire - health practitioner version (emiq-hp) scale and investigate the test-retest reliability. we hypothesize that the french validated translation of the exercise in mental illness questionnaire - health practitioner version (emiq-hp) scale will show and excellent test - retest reliability. national and international experts from belgium, canada and switzerland are requested to join the expert panel and requested to be available on 2 different occasions, i.e. following the first translation and following the feedback of the original authors on the back translation in order to reach consensus on the final version. for the test-retest part of this study, all health care providers of the centre hospitalier psychiatrique chêne aux haies (i.e. nurses, psychologists, physiotherapists, somatic medical doctors, psychiatrists) will be invited to participate. following written informed consent procedure, participants will complete the emiq-hp which will be completed a second time exactly one week following the first completion

Eligibility criteria:
national and international experts from belgium and canada will be requested to join the expert panel and requested to be available on 2 different occasions, i.e. following the first translation and following the feedback of the original authors on the back translation in order to reach consensus on the final version. for the test-retest part of this study, all health care providers of the centre hospitalier psychiatrique chêne aux haies (i.e. nurses, psychologists, physiotherapists, somatic medical doctors, psychiatrists) will be invited to participate. there are no specific exclusion criteria.
complications following pacemaker implantation

Conditions: Bradycardia

Summary: this study examines possible risk factors with regard to complications following pacemaker implantation.

this study examines possible risk factors with regard to complications following pacemaker implantation. we are using data from the danish pacemaker register.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * permanent cardiac pacemaker exclusion criteria:none

Keywords: pacemaker adverse effects
systematic post-implementation evaluation of stents

Conditions: Myocardial Ischemia

Summary: to conduct a quality assurance project to establish the differences in health care processes and cost effectiveness of having the thin-strut orsiro stent versus the thicker strut promus stent on the shelf (i.e. as the most accessible stent).

background: individual patient-level randomized trials have suggested that the ultrathin strut orsiro stent is associated with a lower risk of adverse ischemic events than the thin strut promus stent. however, there are theoretical advantages of each stent in regards to usability, delivery and radial strength. study design: the specs trial is a prospective, open-label, cross-sectional, cluster randomized quality assurance project, in which cardiac catheterization laboratories (hereafter referred to as center) in västra götaland sweden will participate. each week each center will place either orsiro or promus in the shelf in the cath lab as the most accessible stent (their workhorse stent). the specific stent to be placed on the shelf at each center each week will be randomly decided. all patients will be treated according to local treatment guidelines and at the discretion of the interventional cardiologists, including the choice of stents. the patients will be identified via the swedish web-system for enhancement and development of evidence-based care in heart disease evaluated according to recommended therapies (swedeheart) registry. the events at will be identified and extracted from patient registry (socialstyrelsen), population registry (folkbokföringen), causes of death registry (socialstyrelsen). stent usage will be monitored via swedeheart and local databases (stents for which the package was opened but the stent discarded). study population: patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) in västra götaland. primary objectives: to investigate the cost-effectivess of placing either thin or thick strut stents on the shelf in the cath lab. to investigate the weekly costs associated with placing either thin or thick strut stents on the shelf in the cath lab. all outcomes will be tracked over time to assess whether greater experience with the thin strut stents results in changes in any cost differences over time. if a sufficient number of patients are treated over the course of the project, retrospective analyses may be conducted using the assigned shelf stent as an instrument for assessing the effect of thin vs. thick stents on outcomes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing pci at any hospital participating in the study exclusion criteria: * none
crossroad ii: activating rural clinics and women with disabilities to improve cancer screening

Conditions: Breast Cancer; Cervical Cancer; Colorectal Cancer

Summary: the goal of this project is to develop and pilot test an innovative approach for overcoming barriers to cancer screening among women with physical disabilities (wwd) in rural oregon. many studies have shown that people with disabilities receive fewer indicated cancer screening services and are more likely to have poor cancer-related outcomes, such as late stage at diagnosis, compared to those without disabilities.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female * aged 50-75 at time of screening * no personal history of breast, cervical or colorectal cancer * not being up-to-date with at least one screening test for breast, cervical, and/or colorectal cancer * meets the study definition of disability per screening survey or * be a woman who does not meet the definition of disability per screening survey, but has been matched to a participant who does (observation group). exclusion criteria: * non female * personal history of breast, cervical, or colorectal cancer * coming into clinic for an urgent care issue
transducer selection in the speed and quality of image acquisition in fast exams

Conditions: Diagnostic Abdominal Ultrasonography; Trauma Injury

Summary: the focused assessment of sonography for trauma (fast) is a rapid point-of-care ultrasound exam performed on blunt and penetrating trauma patients who are too critically injured to be transported to a ct scanner. low-frequency ultrasound is used to image the abdomen and pericardium in these patients, using either a curvilinear transducer or a phased-array transducer. whether the use of one transducer or the other is better for this application is not well studied. in this study, physician ultrasound operators will perform the fast exam on healthy non-injured volunteers to determine if the speed or quality of images between the two transducer types is different.

the focused assessment of sonography for trauma (fast) is a rapid point-of-care ultrasound exam performed on blunt and penetrating trauma patients who are too critically injured to be transported to a ct scanner. in performing this exam, time to acquisition of adequate images is crucial to clinical decision-making as patients undergoing this exam have a high probability of deteriorating if not intervened on appropriately. low-frequency ultrasound is used to image the abdominal cavity and pericardium in these patients, using either a curvilinear transducer or a phased-array transducer. both of these transducers are capable of acquiring the images necessary to interpret a fast exam, but it has not been well studied whether using one transducer instead of the other improves time to image acquisition or image quality. in this study, physician ultrasound operators are asked to perform fast exams on healthy non-injured volunteers for the purpose of determining if there is a difference in the time to acquisition or quality of images between phased-array and curvilinear transducers.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: study's ultrasound operators must be emergency medicine residents or pa/np fellows currently enrolled in an emergency medicine training program between the ages of 18 - 64 years who are not pregnant. study's healthy normal volunteers must be emergency medicine faculty, fellows, or pa/nps aged 18-64 with no anatomic abnormalities, prior surgeries, or significant chronic medical conditions. exclusion criteria: pregnant women prisoners anyone below the age of 18 or above the age of 64 years old individuals with abnormal/thoracic anatomy (such as individuals with situs inversus) and individuals with chronic medical conditions that would limit their ability to participate in the study or have ultrasound images taken of them.

Keywords: ultrasonography fast exam focused assessment of sonography for trauma transducer selection
taxonomic and functional composition of the intestinal microbiome: a predictor of rapid cognitive decline in patients with alzheimer's disease

Conditions: Alzheimer Disease; Intestinal Microbiota

Summary: the objective of the study is to highlight a modification of the composition of the intestinal microbiota associated with the diagnosis of alzheimer's disease and its most unfavorable form, rapid cognitive decline (dcr). this identification could lead to diagnostic strategies based on the analysis of the intestinal microbiome, and preventive and curative treatments, based on the modulation of intestinal microbiota


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: for alzheimer groups without dcr and alzheimer with dcr: * patients between 70 and 90 years old * with mild to moderate alzheimer's disease (mmse\> 15/30), * followed in the cmrr of the university hospital of nantes or angers * having given their informed consent for the control group (non-alzheimer's) * more patients between 70 and 90 years * consultant for a subjective memory complaint isolated at the cmrr of nantes or angers university hospital, * having given their informed consent exclusion criteria: * major patients under tutorship, curatorship or safeguard of justice * cognitive disorders possibly related to a metabolic or psychiatric cause * history of prescription of antibiotic treatment in the last month * history of acute gastrointestinal illness in the last month * history of hospitalization for an acute medical pathology or for a surgical procedure in the last month