Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
topical ketamine versus caudal ketamine for postoperative analgesia in children undergoing inguinal herniotomy

Conditions: Postoperative Pain

Summary: to find alternatives to caudal analgesia that could be more safe and effective and to demonstrate the analgesic efficacy of topical ketamine.

the most commonly performed inguinal surgeries in children include inguinal hernia repair with or without orchidopexy (orchiopexy). eighty children aged 6 months to 6 yr of asa physical status i or ii, undergoing elective unilateral inguinal herniotomy will be included. in caudal group, patients will receive a mixture of 0.5 mg/ kg ketamine in 1 ml/kg bupivacaine 0.25% (maximum volume = 20 ml) by caudal route after anesthesia and before start of surgery. in topical group, at the end of the procedure, after identification and ligation of the hernial sac, a mixture of 0.5 mg/ kg ketamine in 0.3 ml/kg bupivacaine 0.25% will be sprayed around the spermatic cord and upon the ilioinguinal nerve in a fan shaped manner by the surgeon. the primary outcome measure will be the time to first request for analgesia. secondary outcome measures will include the number of analgesic doses required in the first 24 h postoperative, pain scores, sensory and motor block, agitation scores, parent satisfaction and adverse effects in the first 48h postoperative.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age (6 months to 6 years) 2. asa physical status i or ii. 3. operation: elective unilateral inguinal herniotomy. exclusion criteria: 1. a history of developmental delay or mental retardation, 2. known or suspected coagulopathy, 3. known allergy to any local anaesthetic, 4. known congenital anomaly of the spine or signs of spinal anomaly, 5. infection at the sacral region.

Keywords: anesthesia analgesia caudal ketamine bupivacaine
virtual reality for anxiety management in mechanically vented patients

Conditions: Situational Anxiety

Summary: the purpose of this study is to investigate the safety and feasibility of virtual reality for anxiety treatment in mechanically ventilated patients.

mechanically ventilated patients (those on a breathing machine) often experience heightened levels of anxiety and discomfort. this is usually treated by using sedative medications, however these drugs often have unintended side effects. this study will investigate the safety and feasibility of using relaxing virtual reality environments for reduction of anxiety in mechanically ventilated patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: age: 18 years or older 1. mechanically ventilated; defined as having an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy and requiring continuous support from a mechanical ventilator. 2. able to spontaneously maintain a state of wakefulness and alertness and able to follow commands 3. able to communicate with research staff; defined as writing or head nods/shakes exclusion criteria: 1. delirious; defined as positive on the confusion assessment method for the icu (cam-icu +) 2. expected to be liberated from ventilator within 12 hours of potential enrollment 3. existence of skull injury or recent surgery (craniectomy) which precludes safely wearing vr visor 4. impaired ability to see or hear, as determined by study investigator 5. ventilator settings with positive end expiratory pressure (peep) greater than 10 6. inability to be safely removed from physical restraints for vr (virtual reality) sessions 7. chronic ventilator dependence prior to the present hospitalization 8. lacking capacity to consent for one's self 9. known difficult airway; based on review of intubation note 10. tracheostomy performed within last seven days 11. pre-existing symptoms overlapping with major symptoms of cyber-sickness: headache, vertigo (dizziness), ataxia (tremor with movement), nausea, vomiting.

Keywords: virtual reality mechanical ventilation anxiety
comparison of simple blood lancet(vitrex®)with duotip as skin prick test devices among mite-sensitized subjects

Conditions: Skin Prick Test

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the results skin prick tests using simple blood lancet (vitrex®) with duotips among mite-sensitized subjects.

we intend to compare results of skin prick tests by using simple blood lancet(vitrex®) and duotips in terms of wheal size, variability, transfer of allergen and pain level, among mite-sensitive subjects.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * who have positive skin prick testing to der p 10,000 au/ml (wheal size 3 mm at least) * age 12-60 yrs * written informed consent was obtained from all subjects and their parents exclusion criteria: * who have positive skin prick testing to der p 10,000 au/ml above 15 mm. * who have dermographism * who have severe disease eg. severe respiratory disease or severe cardiovascular disease * who have severe eczema * who receive antihistamine, topical steroid within 7 days or ketotifen within 14 days or systemic steroid within 1 month * pregnant women

Keywords: allergy skin prick test mite sensitivity
electrophysiological mechanisms and inhibitory cardiac syncope

Conditions: Syncope Recurrent

Summary: objectives: to evaluate syncope recurrence at follow up in patients with a positive cardio inhibitory response to the head up tilt testing (hut) evaluation. methods: 36 consecutive patients affected by cardio inhibitory syncope to hut without asystolia (2a type) have been enrolled in this study. these patients have been studied by electrophysiological study (es). after es patients have been differently treated (interventional treatment group a, v/s drug therapy group), and followed up during 360 days, to evaluate syncope recurrences.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age more than 18, normal heart function, more than 1 syncope event for year. exclusion criteria: * age inferior 18 years, history of myocardial infarction, heart failure, structural heart disease.
accuracy of mri-based patients matched instruments vs jig-based instruments in total knee arthroplasty (tka)

Conditions: Osteoarthritis of Knee

Summary: total knee arthroplasty (tka) is the common and effective procedure for treatment of end-staged knee osteoarthritis. postoperative alignment of tka is one of the important factors which effects on survival of prosthesis. high percentage of misalignment has been reported in conventional technique with using the jig based instruments. several methods and devices were established to solve this problem. customized or patient matched instruments were the novel technology that made from magnetic resonance imaging (mri) of lower limb. with using special software to calculate the alignment axis, it was thought that accurate alignment can be achieved by using this instruments. therefore, the study aimed to compare the accuracy of mri based patient matched instruments and jig based instruments in tka.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients diagnosed primary osteoarthritis of knee and planned to undergo total knee arthroplasty exclusion criteria: * previous complex surgery of the affected knee * metalic implant in the affected lower limb * patients who unable or contraindicated to perform mri * extra-articular deformities of the affected lower limb * extensive bone loss of distal femur or/and proximal tibia * more than 30 degrees of knee flexion contracture * unable to perform tka within 12 weeks after mri
a survey to evaluate diabetes management, control, chronic complications, psychosocial aspects of diabetic subjects in taiwan

Conditions: Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: this study is conducted in asia. the aim of this observational study is to evaluate the current status of diabetes management, control, and complications in diabetic subjects in asia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diabetic patients registered in the particular centre for more than 12 months * patients should have visited the centre at least once in the last 3-6 months apart from the initial visit * patients willing to sign informed consent form exclusion criteria: * repetition of any patient as patients should not be included twice for any reason * unwilling to participate or unable to comply with protocol requirements
a study of oral cp-690,550 as a maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis

Conditions: Ulcerative Colitis

Summary: the study proposes to assess whether compared to placebo, cp-690,550 is effective, safe, and tolerable maintenance therapy in subjects with ulcerative colitis (uc). the study proposes to assess whether compared to placebo, cp-690,550 maintenance therapy more effectively achieves mucosal healing and improves quality of life in subjects with uc.the study proposes to assess cp-690,550 pharmacokinetic exposure during maintenance therapy in subjects over the age of 18 years with uc.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subjects who met study entry criteria and completed 8-week induction treatment from study a3921094 or a3921095 * subjects who achieved clinical response in study a3921094 or a3921095 * women of childbearing potential must test negative for pregnancy prior to study enrollment * subjects who are willing and able to comply with scheduled visits, treatment plan, laboratory tests, and other study procedures * evidence of a personally signed and dated informed consent document(s) indicating that the subject (or a legally acceptable representative) has been informed of all pertinent aspects of the study. exclusion criteria: * subjects who had major protocol violation (as determined by the sponsor) in study a3921094 or a3921095 * presence of indeterminate colitis, microscopic colitis, ischemic colitis, infectious colitis, or clinical findings suggestive of crohn's disease * subjects who have had surgery for uc or in the opinion of the investigator, are likely to require surgery for uc during the study period.

Keywords: janus kinase inhibitor jak 3 inhibitor inflammatory bowel disease ulcerative colitis octave cp-690 550 tofacitinib xeljanz
early versus delayed treatment of unilateral neglect after stroke

Conditions: Spatial Neglect After Stroke

Summary: 'unilateral neglect' is a disorder that occurs regularly after stroke. it is caused by right- as well as left-sided brain lesions, but more often by right-sided lesions. patients with this disorder neglect the contralesional side of space and/or their body. their body axis is often shifted ipsilesionally. a specific disorder that can appear in neglect patients is 'contraversive pushing': a postural deviation to the neglected side because the patient pushes himself away from the ipsi- to the contralesional side. one of the most promising neglect interventions is prism adaptation (pa): inducing an optical shift of the visual field by means of prism glasses. this results in a modulation of brain areas involved in neglect and in an improvement of the neglect symptoms and postural deviation. research questions: 1. which period is best suited to maximize therapeutic effects? in this respect the effects of early and delayed pa will be compared, regarding neglect-, postural and cerebral measures. 2. which factors lead to a less favorable treatment outcome or to therapy resistance for pa? 3. will the impact of pa be larger if postural factors are taken into account in the prism therapy?


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female * \> 17 years of age * stroke patients with clinical neglect, demonstrated by neglect tests exclusion criteria: * severe ocular abnormalities * not being able to perform prism adaptation or neglect tests

Keywords: spatial neglect stroke
different reperfusion timing and ventricular arrhythmias in stemi patients

Conditions: ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction; Arrhythmia Ventricular

Summary: the aim of this study was to investigate the association between different reperfusion timing and ventricular arrhythmias (vas) to provide evidence for clinical decision-making for patients with st-segment elevation myocardial infarction (stemi). all the participants included in the study were diagnosed with stemi according to the 4th universal definition of myocardial infarction, with a follow-up of 1, 6, 12 months, respectively. symptom onset-to-reperfusion timing (so2rt) and 24h-dynamic electrocardiogram parameters were recorded to compare different so2rt and vas during 3 follow-up visits.

it is class i recommendation that stemi require emergency revascularization with no delay. however, arrhythmias after acute myocardial infarction (ami), particularly vas, also occur in the early post-mi phase, leading to increased mortality. previous studies have shown benefits of late reperfusion to electrical stability. the aim of this study was to investigate the association between different reperfusion timing and vas to provide evidence for clinical decision-making for stemi. in this multicenter, prospective, observational study, stemi participants from july 2019 to december 2020 confirmed according to the 4th universal definition of myocardial infarction were enrolled, with a follow-up of 1, 6, 12 months, respectively. so2rt was defined as the time interval between symptom onset and reperfusion timing which referred to the timing when coronary angiography showed thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (timi) blood flow level 2\~3 immediately after percutaneous coronary intervention (pci). the primary end point was vas on 24h-dynamic electrocardiogram. secondary outcomes included a composite of death from coronary heart disease, fetal of non-fetal ischemic stroke, revascularization, or chest pain requiring readmission.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * stemi patients undergoing coronary angiography and pci; * can complete 3 follow-up visits well. exclusion criteria: * without pci; * undergoing thrombolytic therapy; * mental diseases; * renal failure; * stroke sequelae; * tumor and a history of revascularization.

Keywords: symptom onset-to-reperfusion timing (so2rt) st elevation myocardial infarction arrhythmia ventricular percutaneous coronary intervention early reperfusion
prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in subjects with advanced colorectal cancer

Conditions: Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

Summary: prevention and treatment of the severity of symptoms of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.

this study was terminated on july 15, 2008. the results of an interim analysis showed that the conditional power to detect a difference in treatment groups was insufficient to warrant study continuation and therefore termination of the trial was recommended. the decision to terminate the trial was not based on safety concerns.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of cytological confirmed carcinoma of the colon stage iii (dukes c) or metastatic colorectal cancer (dukes d) * independent of this protocol, the patient has decided to receive standard of care for the treatment of cancer with oxaliplatin combined with 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid (5-fu/fa) for a minimum of 9 cycles exclusion criteria: * presence of neuropathic pain or peripheral polyneuropathy or identified causes of painful paresthesia including radiotherapy-induced or malignant plexopathy, lumbar or cervical radiculopathy existing prior to baseline * any patients who are not suitable to be treated with either oxaliplatin and/or 5-fu/fa or pregabalin according to the respective local labeling

Keywords: pain chemotherapy
cadonilimab monotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy for resectable ii-iiia squamous cell lung cancer

Conditions: Lung Cancer

Summary: cadonilimab, a tetravalent bispecific antibody targeting pd-1 and ctla-4, is designed to retain the efficacy benefit of combination of pd-1 and ctla-4 and improve on the safety profile of the combination therapy. the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab monotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy for patients with resectable stage ii-iiia squamous cell lung cancer.


Eligibility criteria:
key inclusion criteria: eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status of 0 or 2. have previously untreated and pathologically confirmed resectable stage ii-iiia squamous cell lung cancer. have at least one measurable lesion per recist 1.1 assessed by investigator. have adequate organ function. key exclusion criteria: mixed adenocarcinoma and small cell lung cancer histology. patients with other active malignancies within 5 years prior to enrollment. known active autoimmune diseases. use of immunosuppressive agents within 14 days prior to the first dose of study treatment. presence of other uncontrolled serious medical conditions.
the use of short sms messaging with type 2 diabetes (t2dm)

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes; Physical Exercise

Summary: physical activity (pa) can play a vital and an independent role in type 2 diabetes (t2dm) management care. health research studies have shown evidence that pa can improve glycaemic control and glucose levels. pa is first line of self-care management recommended to patients with t2dm and most patients fail to perform the regular pa. it is always important for health providers to find better methods in encouraging and incentivizing pa in t2dm patients. mobile phone messaging-based interventions have been shown to strengthen the delivery of health information and self-care management programs.

studies have employed this as a tool for promoting t2dm self-care management interventions such as physical activity, glucose monitoring, medication adherence and nutrition. despite the increasing number of these interventions globally, the effectiveness of mobile phone messaging-based interventions in saudi arabia context remains inconclusive and inconsistent. there is limited research conducted in this region. therefore, there is a need for more studies to show evidence to ascertain the effectiveness of using mobile phone messaging to promote pa in t2dm patients in the context of saudi arabia.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinician diagnosis of t2dm. * over 18 years of age. * possession of a cell phone with text messaging capability. * ability to read and understand arabic. exclusion criteria: * treatment with insulin adjustment * unable to understand the study requirements or give informed consent. * visual impairment. * any diabetes-related complications such as neuropathy or retinopathy that preclude ability to increase pa. * clinician concern (physicians will be asked to confirm whether eligible participants can be medically capable of performing pa at the recommended level advised by national institute for health and care excellence (nice, 2013).
severe sepsis in children - impress-c

Conditions: Acute Kidney Injury; Chronic Kidney Disease; Hypertension

Summary: sepsis is the most common cause of childhood death worldwide. millions of children survive, but are left with impaired health. sepsis-related acute kidney injury (saki) is increasingly recognized as a significant factor associated with long-term mortality among different patient populations. renal dysfunction and subsequent chronic kidney disease is implicated in the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. the investigators overall hypothesis is that, in the pediatric population, sepsis-related aki will have unrecognized, long-term consequences with regard to kidney function, endothelial function, blood pressure control, and overall health.

this will be a two-arm cross-sectional control-cohort outpatient evaluation. subjects with saki and control subjects (age and gender matched) will be recruited from neurology service. subjects will be asked to come in to the clinical research center for 24-hour monitoring and participate in the outpatient study where urinary and serum studies to measure glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow followed by blood pressure monitoring, peripheral arterial and applanation tonometry.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: for all patients: * ability to assent (age 7-17 at time of participation in the study) * if taking antihypertensive medication, prescribing practitioner's written approval to participate for saki patients: * hospitalization with a diagnosis of sepsis from 1998-2014 * severe aki as defined by the pedrifle criteria during incident sepsis admission * participation in cognitive survey study with completion of the pedsql survey for healthy control patients: • patients from the neurology service undergoing mri with gadolinium as a part of their clinical care exclusion criteria: for all patients: * known pre-existing ckd as defined by history of kidney transplant or long-term dialysis * age greater than 17 years at the time of incident sepsis admission * aki from primary kidney disease including acute glomerulonephritis and obstructive uropathy * pregnancy at the time of enrollment * known or suspected allergy to gadolinium based contrast * known or suspected allergy to iodohippurate will be excluded from rpf measurement with iodohippurate * heart failure or condition whereby the administration of 0.9% normal saline would be contraindicated * if taking antihypertensive medication, lack of prescribing practitioner's written approval to participate for healthy control patients: * chronic kidney disease * history of acute kidney injury or gfr \<100 history of chronic illnesses deemed to predispose to renal or cardiovascular dysfunction or abnormalities suspicion of infection * neuro-vascular history such as encephalitis, meningitis, vascular anomalies of the brain or spinal cord or cerebrovascular infarct or ischemia will be excluded . * no indication for gadolinium administration for mri

Keywords: acute kidney injury
shape and motion - medical accompanied slimming

Conditions: Overweight and Obesity

Summary: background: overweight and obesity affect health, quality of life and ability to work. therefore, the scientifically evaluated program "shape and motion - medically ◦ accompanied ◦ slimming" was developed to support overweight and obese people in weight loss. method: in a randomized controlled clinical trial, the effect of a lifestyle intervention with meal replacement by formula diet, exercise stimulation, and telemedicine coaching is examined compared to a control group with routine care. the learning contents are taught in 7 group trainings, a practical unit with shopping and cooking training, as well as in 4 individual telephone conversations. the state of health is examined at the beginning, after 12 and 26 weeks. objective: the aim is to develop a training and counseling program for overweight or obese individuals with diabetes risk or type 2 diabetes, which can be used both for primary and for tertiary prevention of overweight-related diseases.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 exclusion criteria: * acute diseases such as respiratory or gastrointestinal infections * severe diseases such as tumors, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), asthma, dementia, chronic bowel disease, psychosis, liver cirrhosis, (macro) nephropathy, renal insufficiency with glomerular filtration rate (gfr) \<30 * ongoing chemotherapy, chron. cortisone treatment