Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
the effects of remifentanil and remifentanil-alfentanil administration in children

Conditions: Adverse Effect of Other General Anesthetics

Summary: sevoflurane is widely and frequently used in pediatric anesthesia due to its non-irritating airway properties, rapid induction and emergence. however, it is associated with emergence agitation (ea) in children. ea may cause injury to the child or to the surgical site and is a cause of stress to both caregivers and families. various pharmacologic agents have been suggested to reduce ea. but the effect of remifentanil on ea is still controversial. this study was designed to compare the effects of remifentanil and remifentanil combining alfentanil on ea in children undergoing ophthalmic surgery with sevoflurane anesthesia.

one hundred and two children, aged 3-9 years, undergoing ophthalmic surgery were studied. general anesthesia was induced with thiopental 5 mg/kg, rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg and sevoflurane. at the time of separation from parents, separation score was recorded. when the children have a separation score of three or four point, they received half dose of thiopental before going to the operation room. they randomly assigned to group s (sevoflurane alone) or group r (sevoflurane with remifentanil infusion at the rate of 0.1 ㎍/kg/min) or group a (sevoflurane with remifentanil infusion and intravenous injection of alfentanil 5 ㎍/kg 10 min before the end of surgery). mean arterial pressure (map), heart rate (hr) and sevoflurane concentration were checked every 15 minutes after induction of anesthesia. time to extubation from discontinuation of sevoflurane inhalation was measured. time to discharge from postanesthesia care unit (pacu) was assessed with postanesthetic aldrete recovery score. emergence agitation scoring system was used to evaluate the incidence and severity of ea.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children who were scheduled to undergo ophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia exclusion criteria: * developmental delay, neurologic or psychologic disease, * history of sleep apnea, * or history of general anesthesia
impact of containment and the current epidemic on the sexual risk-taking of people using prep to prevent hiv infection.

Conditions: PREP

Summary: people using prep to prevent hiv infection have sexual risk-taking behaviors that motivated the prescription of prep. both containment and the current epidemic may affect the sexual behavior of people using prep and the risk of acquiring stis. hypotheses regarding the impact of the current epidemic-motivated confinement and its gradual lifting are as follows: * a decrease in sexual risk-taking during the confinement period, followed by an increase when the confinement is lifted. * an increase in sexual violence and the use of psychoactive substances. * an impact on prep monitoring and compliance. * an increase in the incidence of stis when the confinement is lifted.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * people using prep for hiv prevention being followed up at tourcoing hospital * having given their consent to participate in this study * beneficiary of a social insurance plan or entitled person exclusion criteria: * minor patient * refusal to participate * trusteeship * curatorship
letermovir for cmv prevention after lung transplantation

Conditions: Lung Transplant; CMV

Summary: this is an interventional, open-label, single center, pilot study with historical controls to test the efficacy of letermovir (let) for the prevention of cmv infection and disease in adult lung transplant recipients (ltrs) with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ipf).

approximately 30 patients with ipf listed for lung transplantation will be enrolled and 15 are expected to undergo lung transplantation during the study period and receive the intervention. patients who are cmv seropositive will receive letermovir for 6 months, patients who are cmv seronegative and receive lungs from a cmv seropositive donor (cmv d+/r-) will receive letermovir for 12 months. all patients will be followed for 12 weeks after completion of letermovir for the occurrence of cmv infection or disease after prophylaxis. historical controls will be ltrs for ipf from 2010-2019 who are cmv r+ or cmv d+/r- (donor positive/recipient negative). cmv prophylaxis in the historical controls was with valganciclovir for 6 months for cmv r+ and for 12 months for cmv d+/r-. patients will be matched for cmv serostatus, induction immunosuppression, age, and telomere length.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥18 years on day of signing informed consent * listed for lung transplantation (single or double) due to a diagnosis of ipf or receipt of a lung transplant (single or double) for ipf in the 72 hours prior to enrollment * have a documented positive serostatus for cmv (cmv igg seropositive, r+) * have a documented negative serostatus for cmv (cmv igg seronegative, r-) and anticipate receiving or having received a lung allograft from a cmv igg positive donor, d+). only participants who are r+ or who are cmv d+/r- will receive intervention. participants who are cmv d-/r- will be considered screen failures * able to travel to upmc for routine post-transplant visits for a minimum of 15 months after transplantation * able to provide informed consent * be willing to use a contraceptive method while receiving let and for at least 90 days following last dose of let exclusion criteria: * receipt of a previous solid organ transplant or hematopoietic stem cell transplant * multi-organ transplant recipient, i.e., heart-lung or lung-liver * hiv seropositive * hcv antibody or hcv rna positive * donor hcv nat positive * anticipated need for use of ganciclovir, valganciclovir, foscarnet, or cidofovir at the time of transplant * known or suspected hypersensitivity to let or acyclovir * crcl \< 10 ml/min or dialysis on day of transplant * child-pugh class c severe hepatic insufficiency * pregnancy or expected to conceive while on let and through at least 90 days following cessation of let

Keywords: lung transplant cmv letermovir
reinforcement learning in diabetes mellitus trial

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Medication Adherence

Summary: reinforcement learning is an advanced analytic method that discovers each individual's pattern of responsiveness by observing their actions and then implements a personalized strategy to optimize individuals' behaviors using trial and error. the goal of this pilot study is to develop and test a novel reinforcement learning-enhanced text messaging program to support medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes. type 2 diabetes is an optimal condition in which to test this program, as it is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions in the us adult population and requires most patients to be on daily or twice daily doses of medications. this pilot study will be a parallel randomized pragmatic trial comparing medication adherence and clinical outcomes for adults aged 18-84 with type 2 diabetes who are prescribed 1-3 daily oral medications for this disease. participants will be randomized to one of two arms for the duration of the study period: (1) a reinforcement learning intervention arm with up to daily, tailored text messages based on time-varying treatment-response patterns; or (2) a control arm with up to daily, un-tailored text messages. our outcomes of interest will be medication adherence, as measured by electronic pill bottles, and hba1c levels.

the goal of this pilot study is to develop and test a novel reinforcement learning-enhanced text messaging program to support medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes. this pilot study will be a parallel randomized pragmatic trial comparing medication adherence and clinical outcomes for adults aged 18-84 with type 2 diabetes who are prescribed 1-3 daily oral medications for this disease. participants will be randomized to one of two arms for the duration of the study period: 1) a reinforcement learning intervention arm with up to daily, tailored text messages based on time-varying treatment response patterns, or 2) a control arm with up to daily, untailored text messages. our outcomes of interest will be medication adherence, as measured by electronic pill bottles, and hba1c levels.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 18-84 years * diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) and are prescribed between 1-3 daily oral medications for this disease * currently have a smartphone with a data plan or wifi at home * hba1c level ≥7.5% * basic working knowledge of english * willing and able to set up the platform and adhere to study procedures * either not currently using a pillbox or willing to use electronic pill bottles (edms) for diabetes medications for the duration of the study exclusion criteria: * patients with active enrollment in another diabetes trial within mass general brigham * patients who receive daily assistance with taking their medications at home * patients who are unable to receive text messages for more than 3 days in a row during the study period
outcomes of uterine rupture

Conditions: Maternal Mortality

Summary: uterine rupture (ur) is a serious, life-threatening obstetric complication. ur is associated with an increased risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries compared to developed countries. ur occurs mainly as a consequence of poorly managed labour


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * women with ruptured uterus * accept to share in the study exclusion criteria: * women refuse to participate
surrogate markers of response to new therapies in cystic fibrosis patients

Conditions: Cystic Fibrosis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine which biological marker, or association of biological markers, best predict clinical response of cystic fibrosis patients to cftr modulators.

this study is based upon the hypothesis that clinical response of cystic fibrosis patients to cftr modulators is correlated to in vitro responses to these drugs of epithelial cells derived from the patients, as assessed by cftr-dependent chloride secretion. epithelial cells will be derived either from nasal or rectal epithelia, and consist both of cultured cells and organoids. the drugs tested will be ivacaftor, or lumacaftor/ivacaftor, according to patient's treatment. results of these assays will be compared with response to treatment at 6 and 12 months, assessed by clinical response and in vivo assay of cftr function.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * cystic fibrosis patients treated by cftr modulators (ivacaftor or the association ivacaftor-lumacaftor) * cystic fibrosis patients non treated by cftr modulators * patients in whom cystic fibrosis diagnosis has been suspected, but excluded by physiological and genetic investigations exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating women * contraindication to nasal swab * contraindication to rectal biopsy
feasibility study of a relapse investigation questionnaire administered by an ms care coordinator nurse in patients with multiple sclerosis

Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis; Disease Management; Feasibility Studies

Summary: this study aims to evaluate a questionnaire used by a specialized nurse to help manage relapses in people with multiple sclerosis (ms). the questionnaire is completed during a phone call when the patient reports new or worsening symptoms. it helps the nurse decide whether further tests or treatments are needed, based on a protocol developed with a neurologist. the goal is to improve how quickly and effectively patients receive care during a relapse. the study will include 10 adult patients with active forms of ms over a two-month period.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients followed by dr. manchon for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis or active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis * adult patients (aged 18 or older) * patients who have provided informed consent for participation in the local task-sharing protocol exclusion criteria: * pregnant women * minors (under 18 years old) * patients with known renal failure * patients who have not provided or are unable to provide consent for the local task-sharing protocol
cohort study of the patterns of microvesicles in the serum of participants with atopic and non-atopic asthma

Conditions: Asthma; Allergies

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if a simple blood test can help in disease management, particularly asthma. this will be researched by looking at certain features of the blood and to compare asthmatics without allergies to those that have allergy-induced asthma.

a total of 20 participants (men or women) between the ages of 18-50 years with asthma will be enrolled. participants will remain on their usual asthma treatments as prescribed by their usual asthma care provider. current asthma treatments and any changes will be recorded at baseline and each subsequent visit. the primary outcome measures are correlation of microvesicle patterns with atopic state and variation from baseline with episodes of poor asthma control. secondary outcomes include correlations between microvesicle patterns and spirometry, eno levels, and glucorcorticoid sensitivity.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * be between the ages of 18 and 50. * have diagnosed asthma. * must have less "one pack per day for 10 years" smoking history exclusion criteria: * you have had a fever of 100.4º within 24 hours of visit 2. * you are enrolled in another interventional research trial. * have other major chronic illnesses that would interfere with participation in the study. * you are pregnant. * you chronically use oral corticosteroids. * you have taken anti-coagulants, insulin, and any investigative drugs within 2 months. * you have the inability or unwillingness to provide consent. * inability to perform aerobic exercise. * inability to perform baseline measurements. * less than 80% completion of screening period diaries. * inability to be contacted by telephone. * intention to move out of the area within 6 months.

Keywords: blood test asthma skin test
a trial of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in participants with hepatocellular carcinoma

Conditions: Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Summary: this is an open-label phase 1b study designed to evaluate the tolerability and safety of lenvatinib in combination with pembrolizumab in participants with hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). the study will evaluate objective response rate and duration of response by modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mrecist) for hcc and response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (recist 1.1) based on independent imaging review (iir).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) * hcc for which no other appropriate therapy is available. note: expansion part: no prior systemic therapy for advanced/unresectable hcc * stage b (not applicable for transarterial chemoembolization \[tace\]), or stage c based on barcelona clinic liver cancer (bclc) staging system * at least 1 measurable target lesion according to modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mrecist) * child-pugh score a * eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status (ps) of 0 to 1 * total triiodothyronine (t3) or free t3 and free thyroxine (t4) are within normal limits. (control by thyroid replacement therapy is acceptable.) participants with t3, free t3 or free t4 abnormalities at screening who are asymptomatic can be eligible * adequately controlled blood pressure * adequate renal function * adequate bone marrow function * adequate blood coagulation function * adequate liver function * males or females age ≥ 18 years at the time of informed consent * voluntary agreement to provide written informed consent and the willingness and ability to comply with all aspects of the protocol exclusion criteria: * prior treatment with lenvatinib or any anti-pd-1, anti-pd-l1, or anti-pd-l2 agent * active malignancy (except for hcc or definitively treated melanoma in-situ, basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or carcinoma in-situ of the cervix) within the past 36 months * any medical or other condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, would preclude participation in a clinical trial * active infection (any infection requiring systemic treatment). hepatitis b or c \[hbv/hcv\] is allowed * participants with cns metastases are not eligible, unless they have completed local therapy (eg, whole brain radiation therapy \[wbrt\], surgery or radiosurgery) and have discontinued the use of corticosteroids for this indication for at least 4 weeks before starting treatment in this study. any signs (eg, radiologic) or symptoms of brain metastases must be stable for at least 4 weeks before starting study treatment

Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma e7080 lenvatinib pembrolizumab japan
safety & feasibility of functional electrical stimulation for the treatment of premature ejaculation

Conditions: Premature Ejaculation

Summary: prospective, non-randomized, controlled, single-center study, to evaluate the efficacy of applied nominal electrical stimulation parameters given to premature ejaculation (pe) patients in order to prolong the ejaculatory latency time which will eventually increase the quality of their sexual life.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * good general health * clinical history of premature ejaculation * familiar with self- stimulation * ability to follow study instructions and complete study assessment tools * washout period of two weeks exclusion criteria: * history of cardio-vascular disorders * any type of implanted pacemaker/defibrillator * hypertension * diabetes mellitus * local dermatological disease * local skin irritation/ lesions * any neurological disorder * any psychiatric disease and/or any psychiatric medications * any neoplastic disease in the past two years
management of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome as a state of defective mineralocorticoid response

Conditions: Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome

Summary: lines of evidence that support nature of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (ohss) as "defective mineralocorticoid response" are cited, our hypothesis is tested clinically in both prophylaxis against and treatment of ohss.

several studies state significant correlation between ohss and activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (raas), degree of activation of raas correlates with severity of ohss. in ohss there is a cascade of events that mainly involves capillary leak with resultant fluid shift and electrolytes imbalance, these consequences are more pronounced - according to our hypothesis - due to inadequate mineralocorticoid response/activity in susceptible individuals in the settings of high progesterone levels with its antimineralocorticoid property, ohss can be interpreted as a (mineralocorticoid deficiency crisis) and may effectively be treated as being so, so we conducted this study to test the hypothesis in both treatment and prevention of ohss.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients undergoing icsi who were considered at risk of developing ohss: * polycystic ovaries and/or previous history of ohss, amh \> 40 pmol/l but patients were finally included in the study if serum e2 levels reached \>3000 pg/ml on day of hcg trigger or at any stage of folliculometry * age: 18-40 exclusion criteria: * retrieval of less than 20 oocytes * age less than 18 or above 40

Keywords: ohss mineralocorticoid aldosterone
radiological characterization of pulmonary involvement in patients with hematological diseases

Conditions: Hematologic Diseases

Summary: hematologic malignancies are heterogeneous groups of neoplasia, with frequent pulmonary complications. these complications may be secondary to the patient's comorbidities, to the hemopathy itself, or its treatments. divided into infectious and non-infectious complications, the etiologies are numerous and varied. this makes the diagnostic approach complex for the clinicians

although infectious processes of the lungs are common in these immunosuppressed patient collectives, non-infectious causes account for up to half of the pulmonary manifestations found in hematologic malignancies. besides the frequent infections including opportunistic pathogens, a broad differential diagnosis including drug-induced lung injury by cytostatic substances, cytokines, and innovative immunotherapeutic agents, rarer transfusion of blood products, and intrathoracic manifestations of the hematologic malignancy itself, must be kept in mind. finally, vascular complications can also lead to pulmonary reactions. early and consistent diagnostics and treatment of bronchopulmonary, intrathoracic, and vascular complications within the framework of hematologic systemic diseases can be essential for the patient's prognosis. up to 25% of patients with profound neutropenia lasting for \>10 days develop lung infiltrates, which frequently do not respond to broad-spectrum antibacterial therapy. while a causative pathogen remains undetected in most cases, aspergillus spp., pneumocystis jirovecii, multi-resistant gram-negative pathogens, mycobacteria or respiratory viruses may be involved. in at-risk patients who have received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smx) prophylaxis, filamentous fungal pathogens appear to be predominant, yet commonly not proven at the time of treatment initiation. in patients who do not improve rapidly with first-line therapy with broad spectrum antibiotics, cross-sectional thoracic ct imaging is essential. it provides much better definition of the pattern of radiological changes that includes three main groups: consolidation, nodules (micro- and macro-), and diffuse changes, as ground glass pattern. discuss these radiological patterns and how this guides the appropriate initial investigations and treatment options will be of a great value to be followed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients aged 18 years or older diagnosed with hematological diseases and documented pulmonary manifestations during their disease course exclusion criteria: 1. patients aged under 18 years. 2. patients without demonstrable evidence of lung involvement. 3. patients with incomplete medical records or insufficient data to analyze.