effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on emotional and cognitive abilities in adults

Conditions: Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

Summary: hypothesis: individuals presenting with prenatal alcohol exposure (pea) show emotional abilities deficits, and imbalance between the two systems involved in decision-making according to dual-process models, namely an under-activated reflective system (involved in deliberate behaviors) and an over-activated affective-automatic one (involved in impulsive behaviors). primary objective: to explore performance (as a percentage of correct answers) in an emotional facial expression decoding task in pea participants compared to controls without alcohol disorder.

each participant will undergo 2 visits : first visit : * checking inclusion and non-inclusion criteria * note of information and consent form * record of concomitant treatments and anamnestic elements * alcohol, tobacco, and toxic consumption * urinary toxicity test for control groups * laterality test (hecaen, 1984) * brief visual and auditory acuity test * standardized psychiatric interview (mini international neuropsychiatric interview - mini) second visit = experimental testing * state-trait anxiety inventory, beck depression inventory, inventory of interpersonal problems, toronto alexithymia scale (tas-20). * participant installation and testing: 6 behavioral tasks on a computer (also used to collect responses, except for task 2, see details below) : task 1 (main): test for recognition of facial emotions task 2: 'reading the mind in the eyes test' (decoding of complex emotional states) task 3: emotional evaluation of natural scenes task 4: target detection (measure of attentional bias towards alcohol-related stimuli) task 5: go / no-go evaluating the interactions between inhibition processes and auto-affective system task 6: "n-back" evaluating the interactions between working memory and automatic-affective system

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * man or woman aged between 18 and 60 years * able to understand and to speak french * able to understand note of information and to sign consent form * available health insurance * normal (or corrected to normal) vision and audition * for women: negative pregnancy test or menopausal for at least one year * for group 1 only : pea criteria and no alcohol consumption within the three days preceding the experiment. * for group 2 only : pea criteria, diagnosed with severe alcohol addiction and currently abstinent (for at least 15 days). * for group 3 only : non-alcohol-dependent controls. no alcohol consumption within the three days preceding the experiment and father diagnosed with severe alcohol addiction. * for group 4 only : non-alcohol-dependent controls. no alcohol consumption within the three days preceding the experiment. exclusion criteria: * refusal of participation after clear and fair information on the study. * visual or auditory sensory disability to participate in the study. * benzodiazepines and / or antipsychotic concomitant treatment. * history of (or current) neurologic disease * history of (or current) psychiatric disorder (apart alcohol-dependence for the pea-alcohol-dependent group) * psychoactive substance use or abuse other than tobacco and alcohol. * pregnant or breast-feeding women. * underage (\<18 yo) or adults under guardianship, judicial protection, or deprived of liberty.

Keywords: prenatal alcohol exposure emotional cognition addiction fetal alcohol syndrome