Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
oral nystatin prophylaxis to prevent systemic fungal infection in very low birth weight preterm infants

Conditions: Fungal Infections Systemic

Summary: this study determines the effectiveness of oral nystatin as prophylaxis in order to prevent systemic fungal infection in very low birth weight preterm neonates. 47 participants received oral nystatin and 48 participants received sterile water as part of oral hygiene.

oral nystatin is an effective and safe alternative fungal prophylaxis. some previous studies (1 randomized controlled trial and 4 observational studies) showed that oral nystatin prophylaxis reduce fungal colonization and decrease risk of systemic fungal infection in very low birth weight infants. nystatin is a non-absorbable antifungal agent with minimal side effects that works by binding on the major component of fungus cell membrane and causes death of the fungus. its efficacy as fungal prophylaxis is comparable with fluconazole but does not linked to drug-induced liver injury. to determine this effectivity, we recruit eligible neonates who are admitted in our neonatal intensive care unit and randomly assign them into 2 groups once noted written parental consent. one group is given nystatin via oral and/or orogastric tube and the other group only receives sterile water as part of oral hygiene. weekly fungal surveillance cultures (oropharyngeal and rectal) are done to evaluate colonization. further examinations (blood/cerebrospinal fluid/deep tissue/urine culture) are done once noted clinical signs of systemic fungal infections. data analysis is conducted with intent-to treat approach. significance testing is done by chi-square or fisher's exact test as needed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * gestational age \<= 32 weeks and/or birth weight \<=1500 grams * 1 or more systemic fungal infection risk factors (antibiotic therapy, intravenous access, endotracheal tube, orogastric tube, urinary catheter, corticosteroid therapy, parenteral nutrition, theophylline therapy) exclusion criteria: * suspected of having necrotizing enterocolitis within 72 hours after birth, cyanotic congenital heart disease, chromosomal defects, or critical conditions whom were not expected to live more than 72 hours after birth

Keywords: nystatin fungal colonization systemic fungal infections
longitudinal effect of electroconvulsive therapy on schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a mri study

Conditions: Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder

Summary: for more severe and treatment-resistant cases in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, electroconvulsive therapy (ect) is often very effective. the purpose of this study is to investigate the brain structure and function changes after ect treatment. the neuroimaging marker which may predict the outcome of ect is also studied in this research.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * international classification of diseases (icd) diagnosis of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder; * ages 15-70 * all participants are ethnic han * not received ect treatment before * panss ≥ 60 for schizophrenia subjects * the patient's written informed consent can be obtained. if the patient is incapacitated during the onset period, the written informed consent of the legal guardian is required. exclusion criteria: * those with mental retardation, generalized developmental disorders,delirium, dementia, memory impairment or cognitive impairment that meet the diagnostic criteria of icd-10; * patients with cognitive impairment, such as parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and patients who meet the diagnostic criteria for icd-10 alcohol dependence (except nicotine dependence); * the course of the disease is very short (fast phase inversion), such as 4 or more different mood abnormalities (depression, mild mania, mania, mental illness) in one year; * with severe unstable physical diseases; diagnosed diabetes, thyroid disease, hypertension, heart disease, etc.; * narrow angle glaucoma; * with a history of epilepsy, except those with febrile seizures; * have or have had drug-induced malignant syndrome and severe tardive dyskinesia; * with serious suicide attempts; * cannot take medication as directed by their doctors, or who do not have guardians; * pregnant or lactating women, or those who plan to become pregnant;
emotional intelligence and relaxation techniques for mental health and sleep in older adults

Conditions: Older People

Summary: this topic highlights the role of emotional intelligence and relaxation techniques in enhancing mental health for adults over 60. emotional intelligence, which involves understanding and managing one's emotions, can improve emotional well-being in older adults facing challenges like loneliness and anxiety. sleep disorders are common in this age group and can lead to increased mental health issues such as depression. relaxation techniques, including meditation, yoga, and deep breathing, have been shown to reduce stress and improve sleep quality. by integrating emotional intelligence and relaxation practices into daily life, older adults can enhance their overall quality of life and mental health.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * people aged 60 years or older. * older adults with mental health problems, such as anxiety, stress, or mild depressive symptoms. * participants who report difficulty falling or staying asleep, or who have some type of sleep disorder (such as insomnia or fragmented sleep). * people willing to participate in emotional intelligence interventions and relaxation techniques. * older adults who live in a stable environment (private housing, community centers, etc.) and who have sufficient cognitive abilities to understand and follow basic instructions for relaxation techniques. exclusion criteria: * people under 60 years of age. * older adults with serious psychiatric disorders, such as advanced dementia, schizophrenia, or uncontrolled bipolar disorder, that could interfere with effective participation in the interventions. * participants with serious physical health problems, such as unstable heart disease or advanced respiratory failure, that could be worsened by relaxation techniques or limit their participation. * people who are already receiving specific treatment for sleep disorders that includes medication or intensive psychotherapeutic interventions, since these could interfere with the results of the study. * older adults with severe sensory limitations (such as deafness or uncorrected blindness) that prevent them from understanding or adequately performing the proposed relaxation techniques.
global registry: exablate neuro mr guided focused ultrasound (mrgfus) of neurological disorders:

Conditions: Essential Tremor; Parkinson's Disease; Movement Disorders; Neuropathic Pain

Summary: a global post approval study to collect safety and effectiveness data related to exablate neuro for the treatment of certain disorders such as essential tremor, parkinson's movement disorders, or neuropathic pain within the thalamus and/or pallidum.

a global, multi-center, open-label, observational registry to capture safety and effectiveness data related to exablate neuro, an mri guided focused ultrasound device designed to lesion tissue deep within the brain using sound waves without the need for craniotomy. this registry includes certain regional and country specific approved thalamotomy and pallidotomy procedures using exablate neuro for the treatment of various neurologic disorders such as essential tremor, parkinson's movement disorders, and neuropathic pain. treatment targets/indications are country/region dependent based on approved labeling within that region.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * meets labeling indication for use per information for prescribers * target is accessible by focused ultrasound per treatment planning parameters exclusion criteria: * do not agree to participate or who are unlikely to participate over an extended period of time

Keywords: tremor parkinson's movement neuropathic pain
adaptation of mindfulness training to treat chronic pain in the military

Conditions: Chronic Pain

Summary: the overall aim of this study is to test the acceptability and feasibility of an interactive, web-based mindfulness training with active duty soldiers being treated for chronic pain.

the overall aim of study is to test the acceptability and feasibility of an interactive, web-based mindfulness training with active duty soldiers being treated for chronic pain. we will adapt the evidence-based mindfulness-based stress reduction (mbsr) training for use with this population. the adapted training will be enhanced by mobile applications (apps) for skills practice, using an existing apps platform.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients who have experienced chronic pain for at least 6 months exclusion criteria: * do not have any of the following conditions: substance abuse or dependence, psychosis, suicidal ideation in the last 2 months, high levels of trauma symptoms, * plans to have a permanent change of station or deploy in the coming 6 months, or * pregnancy

Keywords: chronic pain mindfulness behavioral health quality of life
the use of sedation drugs in the procedure of administering surfactant without intubation (lisa/mist)

Conditions: Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Gestational Age Conditions

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and impact of intravenous ketamine or sublingual 30% glucose as sedation drugs used in preterm premature babies during the lisa procedure. the second goal is to compare the frequency of complications during lisa with both premedication regimens.

all infants fulfilling the inclusion criteria during the 12 months recruitment window will potentially be enrolled in this randomized controlled trial of lisa premedication. written informed consent will be acquired from parents or legal guardians. after the consent, infants needing the lisa will receive premedication as follows: caffeine citrate according to the clinical routine at study site, and randomly, either ketamine or sublingual glucose 30%. this study is a pilot study and 60 patients that will be randomized 1:1. ketamine will be given in slow intravenous injection over 60 seconds. glucose 30% will be given sublingually in the volume of 1 ml. after two minutes (from the end of administration of the study drug or reference drug), laryngoscopy will be started. to assess the effectiveness of both types of sedation, patients will be assessed using two pain assessment scales - the comfort scale and the fans scale. 10 minutes before the procedure, the first assessment in the comfort and fans scales will take place. the next assessment on both scales will take place during the procedure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * infant with established respiratory distress syndrome (rds) or at risk for rds * gestational age 28 0/7 - 32 6/7 weeks * non-invasive respiratory support with nasal cpap (incl. bipap) or nippv * need for administration of exogenous surfactant exclusion criteria: * need for intubation and mechanical ventilation at the delivery room * infant with clinically significant maxillo-facial, tracheal or pulmonary malformations

Keywords: lisa lisa sedation mist mist sedation ketamine glucose rds newborn
auto continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) based energy spectrum analysis of flow for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (osahs)

Conditions: Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

Summary: nasal continuous positive airway pressure (cpap) is the standard therapy for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (osahs). this is most commonly administered as a single positive pressure that has been individualized for the patient to prevent obstructive respiratory events. however, the therapeutic pressure may vary by sleep stage and body position within a single night and may change over the course of several nights. one approach to dealing with this variability is the use of automatically adjusting cpap that responds to patient breathing patterns with alterations in the delivered pressure. this study is designed to determine the effectiveness of using the energy spectrum analysis of flow signals to automatically adjust cpap pressure and improve sleep variables. thirty subjects who require cpap will be recruited from the nyu sleep disorders center. following diagnostic studies (either split night or full night) the subject will undergo a night of treatment with the fisher and paykel healthcare autopap. efficacy of treatment will be evaluated based on normalization of sleep disordered breathing while treated with the autopap.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * ahi \>15 on the diagnostic portion of the study * \>18 years of age exclusion criteria: * significant central apnea * congestive heart failure * inability to give informed consent * patient intolerance to cpap * anatomical or physiological conditions making cpap therapy inappropriate

Keywords: obstructive sleep apnea humidification continuous positive airway pressure
evaluation of the roche liat flu/rsv assay for management of influenza in the emergency department

Conditions: Influenza, Human

Summary: this will be a prospective, patient-oriented, pilot randomized clinical trial to evaluate (in aggregate) both the use of the roche cobas liat flu/rsv assay and the use of pharmacist-led education for providers in the interpretation of these test results.

to determine if pharmacist-led education and procalcitonin testing as part of a stewardship intervention optimizes antiviral treatment and reduces antibiotic treatment for pediatric emergency department (ed) patients with suspected influenza v. standard care (i.e. rapid molecular influenza test without patient specific treatment recommendations) using a prospective, patient-randomized design. consented patients in the pediatric ed will be randomized into two arms: the intervention arm will receive a patient specific stewardship intervention and procalcitonin testing during the ed visit. the intervention will be pharmacist-led and include direct delivery to clinicians of information about interpreting test results and recommendations for antiviral-treatment for high-risk patients, and infection control precautions for patients being hospitalized with a positive rsv or influenza test. clinician adherence to treatment guidelines with and without the educational intervention will be compared. the second arm will be usual care (i.e. no procalcitonin test or pharmacist-led education). results will be delivered via standard of care through the electronic medical record (emr). physicians and patients will not be blinded to arm assignments. tests will be performed on a real-time basis in the ed. for each of these groups, data of the frequency and duration of antibiotic administration, antiviral use, adherence to evidence based guidelines for treatment of influenza, isolation, hospitalizations, and unscheduled return visits or readmissions within a 30 day period will be collected and compared. research coordinators will contact patients and/or parents at 1 and 4 weeks after enrollment for self-reported secondary outcomes including symptom resolution, return to school/work, and follow up healthcare visits, medication adherence (to antibiotics and/or antivirals), and adverse events.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients \<50 years of age who are evaluated in the emergency department for: * suspected influenza, including symptoms of influenza-like illness (ili - including fever \> 38 degrees celsius and cough or sore throat), or * non-specific upper respiratory infection (uri) for whom the clinician suspects the presence of rsv, or influenza, or lower respiratory infection lri). * patients whose treating provider has ordered a roche cobas liat flu/rsv test. exclusion criteria: * patients who are pregnant * prisoners * patients who are unable to give informed consent in english or spanish. * provider is unwilling to wait for procalcitonin results.
locally injected vit d as a non-surgical modality for periodontal regeneration of infrabony defects

Conditions: Periodontal Bone Loss; Periodontal Pocket

Summary: vitamin d has great role in bone regenration and soft tissue health. in the past periodontal regeneration was performed using bone graft and barrier membrane

there was no previous studies used the locally injected vitamin d in periodontal regeneration. therefore, we intended to study the effect of locally injected vitamin d in peridoontal regerneration in comparison with the conventional surgical technique

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with infrabony vertical defects * systemically free patients * periodontally affected patients exclusion criteria: * patients with systemic diseases * smokers * pregnency
a study to evaluate the efficacy and safety study of povorcitinib in participants with prurigo nodularis (stop-pn2)

Conditions: Prurigo Nodularis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate effect of povorcitinib on itch and skin lesions in participants with prurigo nodularis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male and female participants 18 to 75 years of age. * clinical diagnosis of pn for at least 3 months prior to screening visit. * pruritus, defined as an average itch nrs score ≥ 7 during the 7 days prior to day 1/baseline. * total of ≥ 20 pruriginous lesions on ≥ 2 different body regions (both legs, and/or both arms, and/or trunk) at screening and day 1/baseline. * documented history of treatment failure, demonstrated intolerance, or contraindication to a previous pn treatment. * willingness to avoid pregnancy or fathering children. exclusion criteria: * chronic pruritus due to a condition other than pn or neuropathic and psychogenic pruritus. * diagnosis of pn secondary to medications. * active ad lesions (signs and symptoms other than dry skin) within 3 months prior to screening visit. * women who are pregnant (or are considering pregnancy) or breastfeeding. * medical history including thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy or platelet dysfunction; venous and arterial thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, stroke, moderate to severe heart failure, cerebrovascular accident, myocardial infarction, or other significant cardiovascular diseases; q-wave interval abnormalities; disseminated herpes zoster or dermatomal herpes zoster; disseminated herpes simplex; chronic/recurrent infections; malignancies. * evidence of infection with tb, hbv, hcv or hiv. * history of failure to any topical or systemic jak or tyk2 inhibitor as treatment of pn or any inflammatory disease. * laboratory values outside of the protocol-defined ranges. other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria apply.

Keywords: prurigo nodularis pn incb054707 chronic pruritus
screening for familial hypercholesterolemia in children

Conditions: Hypercholesterolemia, Familial

Summary: familial hypercholesterolemia is the most common treatable genetic disorder for which a simple, effective treatment is available, with few side effects. it leads to a significant increase in ldl levels, generally in excess of 1.9g/l, including in children. it is much higher than the values usually found in secondary or polygenic hypercholesterolemia. this condition multiplies the cardiovascular risk in adulthood by a factor of 13, and is responsible for 6,500 early cardiovascular events per year. in the absence of treatment, the state of the arteries of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia, at the age of 40, would be equivalent to that of 80-year-olds. currently, the prevalence is estimated at 1 in 300 people in france. however, this prevalence is largely underestimated, as targeted screening is rarely carried out, and it is estimated that only 10% of sufferers are diagnosed in france, and only 5% of affected children are known and treated. today, according to the french health authority, the indications for screening children are: a history of an early vascular event in one of the two parents, or familial hypercholesterolemia in a first-degree relative. however, the world health organization and numerous studies recommend extending screening to the general population. screening all children and teenagers could make it possible to introduce healthy dietary habits at an early stage, to better adapt the choice of contraception in young women, to treat before the first symptoms appear and thus reduce mortality in adulthood by up to 48%, and to screen relatives who have not yet had a cardiovascular event. in slovenia, 90% of children have had a lipid panel since 1994, significantly reducing mortality. in the united kingdom, the lipid check-up, offered as part of a compulsory visit at the age of two, is being rolled out: 90% of families naturally take it up on the recommendation of their doctors. the treatment of hypercholesterolemia is simple, and relies first and foremost on hygienic dietary rules and treatments such as statins and liptruzet (a combination of atorvastatin and ezetimibe), treatments that are easily accessible, effective, with few side effects and low cost.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age between 2 and 18 years * minimum 8-hour fasting * parents and children with signed informed consent exclusion criteria: * known familial hypercholesterolemia * diabetes less than one month old * profound hypothyroidism * acute nephrotic syndrome * cancer under treatment

Keywords: hypercholesterolemia familial
integrating a suite of mental health apps for depression in a healthcare setting

Conditions: Depression; Anxiety

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of intellicare as a frontline intervention within health care settings.

this study will evaluate the implementation of intellicare in two settings: primary care in the mcleod health system, serving a rural population where mental healthcare workers are scarce, and northwestern medicine's department of psychiatry, which currently has a 9-month waitlist for psychological services.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient who have been identified as depressed or anxious by a care provider in one of the participating healthcare organizations. exclusion criteria: * none