Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
gastric emptying times of normal and obese children after preoperative clear fluid drinking: an ultrasound study

Conditions: Gastric Emptying Time

Summary: in the recent literature, pre-operative fasting times for pediatric patients are limited to one hour for clear fluids. studies related to gastric emptying times mostly searched for normal-weight children. these studies have claimed that 3 ml/kg clear fluid can be allowed up to 1 hour before surgery. there is a lack of interest in the gastric emptying time of obese pediatric patients during the preoperative period. in addition, there is controversy about gastric emptying times of obese healthy children. some research committed the decrease of gastric emptying because of a high level of sensitivity to cholecystokinin, while others postulated that no change in gastric emptying time of obese children compared to normal weight. the aim of this trial is to compare the gastric volume and gastric emptying time after ingestion of 3 ml/kg clear fluid in obese and non-obese pediatric patients in the pre-operative period.

after receiving informed consent from the children and their families, american society of anesthesiologists (asa) 1-2 pediatric patients between 6-14 years, who will recruit for elective surgery will be included for this study. the children over 95% percentile will be accepted as obese. after, the basal gastric volume will be calculated with the help of ultrasonography (usg). the children will receive oral 3 ml/kg(max 250 ml) 5% dextrose .usg evaluation will be made every 5 minutes until the gastric volume reaches the basal level. children reaching basal gastric volume will be accepted as suitable for the surgery. the aim of this study is to compare the gastric volume and gastric emptying time after ingestion of 3 ml/kg clear fluid in obese and non-obese pediatric patients in the pre-operative period.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asa physical state i or ii * age 6 to 14 years. * gender: both sexes. * scheduled for non-gastrointestinal tract elective day-case surgery under general anesthesia. exclusion criteria: * parent/ care giver refusal * ages \ 14 years old * children with gastro-esophageal reflux disease * renal failure * diabetes mellitus * cerebral palsy patients * mental retardation * esophageal strictures, achalasia or any intestinal disease that may impair the gastric emptying. * gastrointestinal system surgery and neurosurgical patients * emergency surgery * violation of the prescribed fasting times * refusing to drink prescribed clear fluid

Keywords: gastric volume gastric emptying time antral cross-sectional area (acsa) obese pediatric patients
a study of absorption, metabolism, excretion and mass balance after a single dose administration of mk-0941 (mk-0941-016)(completed)

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes

Summary: a single dose, open label study to characterize the routes of elimination and determine the mass balance of mk-0941. a single 40 mg dose of mk-0941 will be given orally to male participants with type 2 diabetes. after drug administration, blood, urine, and fecal samples will be collected to determine relative quantities of 14c-labeled mk-0941.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * subject has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, and is being treated with diet and exercise or with an oral anti-hyperglycemic agent * subject is willing to follow the american heart association diet and exercise program throughout the study * subject is a nonsmoker and/or has not used nicotine products for at least 6 months exclusion criteria: * subject has a history of stroke, seizures, or major neurological disorder * subject has a history of neoplastic disease * subject has recently had abnormal bowel habits, such as diarrhea, loose stools or constipation * subject has a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus * subject has received insulin within the past 12 weeks * subject has a recent history of eye infection * subject has been diagnosed with glaucoma or is blind * subject consumes more than 3 alcoholic beverages per day * subject consumes more than 6 servings of coffee, tea, cola per day * subject has had major surgery, donated or lost blood in the past 4 weeks * subject has multiple or severe allergies to any food or drugs
efficacy of oc-01 nasal spray on goblet cell and meibomian gland stimulation

Conditions: Dry Eye Disease

Summary: the objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of oc-01 nasal spray as compared to placebo in simulating goblet cell and meibomian gland function in adult subjects with ded.

this was a phase 2, single-center, randomized, masked (including all subjects, investigators, and study site personnel), placebo-controlled study designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of oc-01 (varenicline) nasal spray in stimulating goblet cell and meibomian gland function in in adult subjects with ded. approximately 45 subjects at least 18 years of age with a physicians' diagnosis of ded and meeting all other study eligibility criteria were planned to be randomized to receive a single application of 0.2% (1.2 mg/ml) oc-01 or placebo

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have used and/or desired to use an artificial tear substitute for dry eye symptoms within 6 months prior to visit 1. exclusion criteria: * have had any intraocular surgery (such as cataract surgery), extraocular surgery (such as blepharoplasty) in either eye within three months or refractive surgery (e.g. laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis, laser epithelial keratomileusis, photorefractive keratectomy or corneal implant) within twelve months of visit 1 * have a history or presence of any ocular disorder or condition in either eye that would, in the opinion of the investigator, likely interfere with the interpretation of the study results or participant safety such as significant corneal or conjunctival scarring; pterygium or nodular pinguecula; current ocular infection, conjunctivitis, or inflammation not associated with dry eye; anterior (epithelial) basement membrane corneal dystrophy or other clinically significant corneal dystrophy or degeneration; ocular herpetic infection; evidence of keratoconus; etc. blepharitis not requiring treatment and mild meibomian gland disease that are typically associated with ded are allowed. * have a systemic condition or disease not stabilized or judged by the investigator to be incompatible with participation in the study or with the lengthier assessments required by the study (e.g., current systemic infection, uncontrolled autoimmune disease, uncontrolled immunodeficiency disease, history of myocardial infarction or heart disease, etc.) * have a known hypersensitivity to any of the procedural agents or study drug components * have any condition or history that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with study compliance, outcome measures, safety parameters, and/or the general medical condition of the subject
clinical evaluation of opto-acoustic image quality with the gen 2 imagio system

Conditions: Breast Cancer Stage

Summary: this study performs the first clinical evaluation of the gen 2 imagio system in a clinical setting to assess image quality with both the ius ultrasound only probe and the oa/us (duplex probe).

1. obtain ultrasound only probe images and duplex probe oa/us (both gray scale and oa) probe images. this includes doppler and elastography imaging with the gray scale only ultrasound probe and ultrasound mode of the duplex oa/us probe. 2. provide breast and lymph node pathology results (except bi-rads 1, 2 and 3 (as applicable))

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. has a signed and dated informed consent, prior to initiation of any study-related activities. 2. is at least 18 years of age. 3. have been referred for a breast us because of a breast lesion/mass finding via a palpable lump or per standard of care imaging. 4. is willing and able to comply with protocol-required scans exclusion criteria: 1. is pregnant or lactating. 2. has a condition or breast impediment (i.e. insect bites, poison ivy, rash, open wounds, chafing of the skin, scar, tattoos, moles, hematoma, nipple rings, etc.) which could interfere with the intended field of view. 3. is experiencing photo-toxicity associated with currently taking, or having taken, photosensitizing agents within the previous 72 hours such as some sulfur containing drugs, ampicillin, tetracycline. 4. is currently undergoing phototherapy. 5. has a history of any photosensitive disease (e.g., porphyria, lupus erythematosus) or undergoing treatment for a photosensitive disease and is experiencing photosensitivity. 6. has had an adverse reaction in the past to medical laser procedures, such as laser hair removal or laser tattoo removal. 7. has had prior benign excisional breast biopsy on breast of interest within the past 18 months. 8. currently has mastitis. 9. prisoners
usage of orange peel extract in management of epistaxis

Conditions: Epistaxis

Summary: efficacy of orange peel extract in treatment of epistaxis in children

formulation of orange peel extract into gel substance and usage of it in local treatment of epistaxis

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children with anterior epistaxis from little's area exclusion criteria: * patient with nasal polyp. * patients with hematological abnormalities. * patients with general diseases affecting coagulation system.
nevirapine dosing in neonates for prophylaxis of mother-to-child-transmission (mtct) of hiv infection

Conditions: Human Immunodeficiency Virus; HIV; Vertical Infection Transmission

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether the current dose of nevirapine recommended in the ontario ministry of health vertical transmission prevention protocol achieves therapeutic drug levels in newborn infants at high risk of hiv infection.

although nevirapine (nvp) is often given as part of combination antiretroviral therapy (cart) at our institutions for prevention of vertical transmission (vt) in high risk infants, the optimal prophylactic dose of nevirapine is unknown. the national institute of health (nih) guidelines currently recommend a single 2 mg/kg dose of nevirapine given to the infant within 72 hours of birth, however, this dose is not being used in practice given the controversies previously described with single-dose nevirapine. in the absence of any guidance to inform the multiple daily dosing of nevirapine for prophylaxis of vt, we are currently using the treatment dose for infants \>15 days of age of 150 mg/m2 once daily for 14 days, then increasing to 150 mg/m2 twice daily for 14 days. this is analogous to the treatment dosing of triple antiretrovirals (arvs) that is given for occupational post-exposure prophylaxis. nevirapine is given for 4 weeks total with zidovudine (azt) and lamivudine (3tc), followed by 2 additional weeks of azt and 3tc to prevent the development of nevirapine resistance from its long half life. stopping all 3 drugs simultaneously would result in a period of functional nvp monotherapy, resulting in a risk of nvp resistance should the infant become infected despite prophylaxis. since the dose of nevirapine being used in our clinic populations for prevention of vt is higher than has been previously studied in neonates, it is important to evaluate the safety and efficacy of this dosing regimen, using therapeutic drug monitoring.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * newborn infants prescribed combination antiretroviral treatment with nevirapine for prevention of mother-to-child hiv transmission. these infants are routinely referred to the hospital for sick children (sickkids) and children's hospital of eastern ontario (cheo) hiv clinics in toronto and ottawa, respectively, for ongoing management. the majority of referrals are from mount sinai hospital and st. michael's hospital in toronto, and the ottawa general hospital in ottawa. * voluntary informed consent by the legal guardian exclusion criteria: * infants born prior to 32 weeks gestational age; * infants with life-threatening medical conditions; * infants unable to take oral medication; * infants born to women considered at high risk of harboring nevirapine resistance mutations in whom kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) is a therapeutic option (e.g. term neonates) will be excluded and prescribed kaletra rather than nevirapine

Keywords: pediatric hiv prevention prophylaxis nevirapine
sensory examination and pharmacological modulation of oral hyperexcitability in patients with atypical odontalgia and matched healthy controls

Conditions: Odontalgia

Summary: this project examines experimental pain and chronic pain in the mouth, specifically the condition called atypical odontalgia (ao:atypical toothpain). in 16 patients with ao and 16 healthy persons, capsaicin (chili-pepper) is applied to the gingiva to cause pain. this pain is evaluated by the participants. in three sessions, 3 different medications are tested for effect on the pain. the medications are fentanyl, s-ketamine and placebo-treatment (saline). the aim is to know more about pain mechanisms in ao in order to develop an effective treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * atypical odontalgia exclusion criteria: * bmi \> 30 * heart conditions * lung disease * diseases of the liver or kidneys * hypertension, untreated

Keywords: atypical odontalgia capsaicin pain neuropathic pain
venus: septic gene expression using septicyte

Conditions: Sepsis; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)

Summary: the investigators seek to evaluate a new test for determining presence of infection/sepsis as compared to non-infection/systemic inflammatory response syndrome among critically ill patients within the first 24 hours of their being hospitalized in an intensive care unit (icu) within the first 7 days of hospitalization. the primary purpose of the study is to validate septicyte® lab in this population as compared to: 1) the doctor's impression and 2) existing clinical parameters. the investigators also hope to assess how well a related, new blood test, septid® identifies different types of infection, as compared to cultures and other lab tests.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. 18-89 years old on the day of icu admission 2. sirs present as defined by the presence of two or more of the following: * temperature \> 38°c or \< 36°c * heart rate \> 90 beat/min * tachypnea \> 20/min or paco2 \< 32 mmhg * white blood cell count \> 12 000/mm3 or \ 10% immature neutrophils (bands) exclusion criteria: 1. consent not provided 2. age less than 18 or greater than 89 years old on the day of icu admission 3. not admitted to icu 4. clinical cultures or serologies not obtained 5. subject has been admitted to study hospital (or transferring facility) for ≥ 24 hours 6. elective cardiac surgery patients with an expected duration in icu of less than 24 hours. 7. patients on non-prophylactic antibiotics for more than 24 hours prior to icu admission 8. delay of \>24 hours between trial enrollment and sample draw time 9. ethnic/racial category has completed enrollment.
isonicotinic acid hydrazide (inh) pretreatment with misoprostol versus misoprostol alone in missed abortion

Conditions: IUCD Complication

Summary: the primary endpoint was the success rate of adjuvant isonicotinic acid hydrazide (inh) and misoprostol versus misoprostol alone for medical termination of first-trimester pregnancy.

according to the american college of obstetricians and gynecologists (2005), medical abortion is an acceptable alternative for surgical procedures in pregnant women with gestational age of less than 10 weeks based on the last menstrual period oral or vaginal misoprostol causes complete abortion in almost 85% of cases within seven days before the 12th week adjuvant isonicotinic acid hydrazide (inh) administration with misoprostol raises the rate of complete abortion

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * gestational age less than 70 days gestation (\<10 wks) * hemoglobin \>10 g/dl. * bmi between 18.5 kg/m2 and 30 kg/m2. * missed abortion exclusion criteria: * molar pregnancy. * fibroid uterus. * uterine anomalies. * coagulopathy. * medical disorder that contraindicate induction of abortion (e.g. heart failure). * previous attempts for induction of abortion in the current pregnancy. * allergy to misoprostol or letrozole. * scared uterus (previous myomectomy, cesarean section, hysterectomy and ruptured uterus).
influenza a/h1n1/2009-adjuvanted vaccine in renal disease patients

Conditions: Decreased Immunologic Activity [PE]; Influenza; Rejection

Summary: in 2009, the pandemic influenza a/h1n1 accounted for worldwide recommendations about vaccination. there is no data concerning the immunogenicity nor the security of the adjuvanted-a/h1n1 vaccine in renal disease patients. the aim of this study is to observe the effects of this vaccine on transplanted and hemodialyzed patients.

the serologic responses to the pandemrix vaccine will assess the efficacy, with the determination of the seroconversion rate among the patients. the anti-hla and anti-mica antibodies will be determined to assess the safety among the renal transplanted patients.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adult patients 2. haemodialyzed patients 3. renal transplant recipients who have stable renal function for the last 3 months exclusion criteria: 1. no pneumonia or severe infection during 1 month before vaccination 2. no ivig (intravenous immunoglobulins) treatment during the last 3 months

Keywords: kidney transplantation haemodialysis vaccination influenza h1n1 2009
study of the efficacy of plain soap and water versus alcohol-based rubs for surgical hand preparation

Conditions: Postoperative Wound Infection

Summary: surgical site infections (ssi) constitute a significant health-economic and clinical challenge. the investigators conducted a cluster-randomized, cross-over study to compare the efficacy of plain soap and water (psw), used ubiquitously across sub-saharan africa for surgical hand preparation, to alcohol-based hand rub (abhr), with ssi rates as the main outcome measure. a total of 3317 patients undergoing clean and clean-contaminated surgery were included in the study and followed up for 30 days.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients undergoing clean or clean-contaminated surgery at aic kijabe hospital exclusion criteria: * all patients undergoing contaminated, dirty surgeries and those undergoing repeat procedures within 2 weeks after the initial surgical intervention. * patients who did not consent to participate in the study

Keywords: surgery hand scrubbing post-operative infection surgical site infection surgical hand preparation plain soap and water alcohol-based hand rub cost of surgical hand preparation agent side effects of use of hand preparation agent
chronic total occlusion crossing with the ocelot system - connect ii

Conditions: Total Atherosclerotic Occlusion of Femoral Artery

Summary: evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of the ocelot system to provide oct-assisted orientation while simultaneously crossing totally occluded femoropopliteal arteries.

the purpose of this clinical study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the ocelot system to provide oct-assisted orientation while simultaneously crossing chronic total occlusions (ctos) in femoropopliteal arteries. the ocelot catheter is a minimally invasive percutaneous device that is designed to traverse arterial occlusions through the use of spiral wedges contained in the distal tip of the device. the device is also equipped with an oct (optical coherence tomography) imaging fiber that provides directional orientation and an intravascular view of the vessel wall and target lesion. the ocelot catheter is used in conjunction with standard endovascular devices and as an adjunct to fluoroscopic guidance.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient is willing and able to provide informed consent * patient is willing and able to comply with the study protocol * patient is \> 18 years old * patient has peripheral arterial disease requiring revascularization as evidenced by cta, mra or angiography * patient has an occluded femoropopliteal artery that is 99-100% stenosed and is ≥ 1 cm and ≤ 30 cm in length by visual estimate * target vessel is ≥ 3.0 mm in diameter * patient has rutherford classification of 2-5 * lesion is recalcitrant to guidewire crossing exclusion criteria: * patient has a known sensitivity or allergy to contrast materials that cannot be adequately pre-treated * patient has a known sensitivity or allergy to aspirin, heparin or anti-platelet medications * patient is pregnant or lactating * patient has a co-existing disease or medical condition contraindicating percutaneous intervention * target vessel is severely calcified as evidenced by angiography * target lesion is in a bypass graft * target lesion is in a stent (i.e., in-stent restenosis) * patient has had a procedure on the target limb within 7 days * patient has had a procedure on the target limb within the past 30 days and is unstable * patient has a planned surgical or interventional procedure within 30 days after the study procedure * patient is simultaneously participating in an investigational device study for treatment of peripheral vascular disease * patient has a planned amputation of the target limb * patient has a history of bleeding diathesis, coagulopathy or will refuse blood transfusion in cases of emergency

Keywords: chronic total occlusion optimal coherence tomography lumivascular
nonsurgical periodontal therapy on banded first molars

Conditions: Periodontitis

Summary: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on first molars banded for fixed orthodontic treatment.

a total of 30 patients who were about to undergo fixed orthodontic therapy were selected and divided into two groups. group a comprised of 15 patients who were treated with routine full-mouth supragingival scaling and subgingival scaling only around all banded first molars. group b comprised of 15 patients who were treated with full-mouth supragingival scaling and subgingival scaling only around all banded first molars followed by irrigation with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution (trade name: hexidine), an antiseptic - antiplaque agent. treatment for both the groups was performed at 3rd month, 6th month and 9th month. parameters such as radiographic evidence of alveolar crestal bone level, gingival index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level around the banded first molars and full-mouth plaque index were recorded as a change from baseline to 12th month. the differences between the values were assessed and sent for statistical analysis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. both male and female patients within the age group 16 to 25 years. 2. patients diagnosed with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment having banded first molars. 3. systemically healthy patients. exclusion criteria: 1. congenital malformations in the oral cavity. 2. patients who had undergone periodontal therapy within the previous 6 months. 3. patients using removable orthodontic appliances. 4. patients who were administered antibiotics or other systemic or topical antimicrobial agents. 5. smokers.

Keywords: nonsurgical periodontal therapy orthodontic bands