Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
preventing prescription stimulant diversion and medication misuse via a web-based simulation intervention

Conditions: Prescription Drug Abuse (Not Dependent); Intentional Misuse

Summary: half or nearly half of college students with prescriptions divert their stimulant medication, and a similarly high percentage misuse their medication or use someone else's prescription. diversion may lead students to go without needed medication to mitigate their symptoms, increasing their risk for unintentional injuries and substance use. further, diversion perpetuates the non-medical use of prescription stimulants (nmups), which has become increasingly common among college students. diversion also perpetuates medical misuse of stimulants among students with prescriptions, which is associated with poorer attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ad/hd) symptom management and may increase the risk for addictive disorders. there are no evidence-based interventions targeting diversion of stimulants in college students. being approached for one's medication is a key risk factor for diversion, as is medication non-adherence and believing nmups and diversion are more prevalent than they are. accordingly, in this multi-site study, the investigators will conduct a randomized, controlled trial of 300 college-attending adults with current stimulant prescriptions to examine the preliminary efficacy and feasibility of a single-session, computer-based simulation intervention (with two booster sessions) to prevent prescription stimulant diversion and medication misuse and compare it to a placebo condition. the intervention, which is grounded in social learning theory and the theory of planned behavior uniquely engages students in interactive discussions with virtual humans to (a) learn about the actual prevalence of nmups and diversion and their related risks, (b) practice using refusal strategies when approached for their medication in high-risk situations, and (c) understand how to effectively communicate with prescribers and avoid medication misuse. the primary aims are to determine if the intervention reduces diversion, intentions to divert, and medication misuse, and to assess user satisfaction with the intervention. the secondary aims are to examine change in potential mechanisms of action targeted in the intervention, such as self-efficacy to resist diversion, knowledge about diversion and nmups, use of behavioral strategies to resist requests for one's medication, and prescriber communication. if effective, the intervention could be readily and widely disseminated to college counseling centers, psychiatrists, pediatricians, and other prescribers.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * undergraduate or graduate student at trinity college (ct); university of wyoming; texas state university. * will be enrolled at trinity college (ct); university of wyoming; texas state university 6-months from their baseline study session. * have a recent (within the past 3 months) prescription for a stimulant medication * between the ages of 17 and 25. exclusion criteria: * none.

Keywords: diversion
prospective cohort for tumor bed boost radiotherapy in her2 positive breast cancer

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to analyze treatment outcomes related to tumor bed boost of postoperative radiation therapy in patient with her2+ breast cancer who underwent breast conserving surgery. the main questions it aims to answer are: * 7-year ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence * 7-year disease-free survival * 7-year locoregional recurrence * 7-year overall survival * adverse events of radiation therapy participants will be assessed by multi-dimensional methods after radiation therapy: * assessment for the disease status (disease-free or recurrence) including physical and radiologic examination * assessment for the adverse events according to ctcae version 5.0


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female patients with age minimum 19 * pathological confirmation of her2+ invasive breast cancer * eastern cooperative oncology group performance status 0-2 * informed consent of the participant exclusion criteria: * pathological confirmation of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast * previous history of radiation therapy to ipsilateral breast
effect of goal-directed fluid therapy using stroke volume variation in patients undergoing free flap reconstruction after head and neck cancer resection

Conditions: General Anesthesia

Summary: investigators hypothesized that goal-directed fluid therapy using stroke volume variation will improve postoperative recovery in patients undergoing free flap reconstruction after head and neck cancer resection. investigators will compare the effect of goal-directed fluid therapy using stroke volume variation on recovery in patients undergoing free flap reconstruction after head and neck cancer resection.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients of age over 20 years scheduled for free flap reconstruction after head and neck cancer resection exclusion criteria: * valvular heart disease * congestive heart failure * liver failure * renal failure * pregnant woman * allergy to hydroxyethyl starch solutions * coagulation abnormalities

Keywords: fluid therapy head and neck neoplasms surgical flaps
function outcome of impaction injuries in acetabular fractures

Conditions: Acetabular Fracture

Summary: is the anatomical reduction of osteochondral impaction in the acetabular fractures will improve the functional outcome? despite the increasing amount of literature related to the management of anteromedial dome impactions and marginal impactions, there are still remaining issues and controversies pertaining mainly to the exact anatomy and location of the lesion, the best method of reduction, the need and type of subchondral void filling, the best method of stabilization, the need of reduction in elderly population and its true value as an outcome prognostic factor.

the reduction of the impacted fragment done through many ways and techniques , all acetabular approaches can be used to reach to the impacted part or through independent cortical window, the impacted part can be reached through the fracture itself as in marginal impaction through the posterior wall and in anteromedial impaction through the quadrilateral plate. then using a bone graft as a void filling which can be taken from iliac bone or greater trochanter. post-operative x-rays and computed tomography scan will be done to all patients , radiological grading immediate post-operative and at the last follow-up according to matta , heterotopic ossification will be classified according to the brooker classes on an anteroposterior radiograph, posttraumatic arthritis will be evaluated according to the method by kellgren and lawrence, functional outcome will be assessed according to merle d'aubigne and postel scoring which was modified by matta, avascular necrosis of hips will be classified according to ficat and arlet classification.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * traumatic osteochondral impaction injuries of the acetabulum (marginal and dome ). * pure impaction without cortical interruption * closed fractures. * skeletally mature (adults and elderly). exclusion criteria: * fractures in skeletally immature patients. * pathological fractures . * associated proximal hip fractures. * open acetabular fractures. * fractures more than 3 weeks
financial incentives and recruitment to the apt webstudy

Conditions: Alzheimer Disease; Dementia; Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease; Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease

Summary: this single-blind, three-arm, randomized, controlled trial will assess the impact of messages and financial incentives on the enrollment of demographically diverse individuals to the alzheimer prevention trials (apt) webstudy. the apt webstudy is a novel, online registry that employs quarterly cognitive testing using validated platforms. the apt webstudy implements fully remote assessments, coordinated by the alzheimer's therapeutic research institute (atri) under usc irb #hs-17-00746. the purpose of the current study is to test whether we can increase enrollment of diverse individuals into the registry. to do this, we will work with contra costa regional medical center (ccrmc), the county public hospital and its affiliated health centers in contra costa county, california, to test whether sending messages with and without financial incentives to patients who receive primary care with the health system can increase enrollment to the apt webstudy. the investigators hypothesize that 1) a certain small financial incentive and an award opportunity based incentive (or a drawing with a prize) will increase enrollment rates of cchs members into the apt webstudy relative to the control group. the investigators further hypothesize that the award opportunity incentive will increase the enrollment rate of ccrmc patients into the apt webstudy more than a certain financial incentive with the same expected value.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: to be eligible to participate in this study, an individual must meet all of the following criteria: * patients empaneled at contra costa regional medical center (ccrmc), the county public hospital and its affiliated health centers. * age 50 or older * literate in either english or spanish exclusion criteria: * below age 50 * documentation of prior dementia diagnosis

Keywords: alzheimer's prevention observational trial-ready cohort
dual task cost in the upper limb in persons with multiple sclerosis

Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis

Summary: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic, inflammatory, neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system, with more than 2.5 million people in the world. it is the most non-traumatic cause of disability in young and middle-aged adults. because the lesions are spread in the brains, there is a variety of symptoms. the most common symptom is the typical motor dysfunction. 66% of persons with ms, and even 81% of them after 15 years, have problems with movements in one or both upper extremities. also, 40 untill 70% of persons with multiple sclerosis have cognitive impairment. although they are less visible, they can have a major determining influence on social or work-related domains. the most frequent cognitive dysfunctions are sustained attention, reduced speed of information processing, impaired memory and limited executive functions. when a combination, of motor and cognitive task, is asked, the execution of these tasks could be difficult with the foregoing in mind. for example problems during chatting while cooking, typing a report at a meeting or watching television while ironing. the dual-task paradigm assumes that the attention should be divided between two simultaneous tasks. a dual task cost (dtc) is a restriction in performance on each task, compared whit the separate task versus simultaneously. research on dual tasking with persons with ms has already studied extensively, but not specific on the upper limb. in 2015 learmonth, pilutti and motl published an primary research on the dtc. they combined the movements of the upper limb with a cognitive task. the research showed a difference between persons with ms and the control group. at methodological level, there is lacking on the randomization of tasks. that is an important bias because of the learning effect of the tasks. they used only one task for the upper limb; this isn't enough to generalize the concept of motor interference in persons with ms. the study has two research questions: * have persons with ms a greater dtc compared with a healthy control group? the motor task is executed with the upper limb. * is there a difference on dtc in persons with ms depending on the motor task? this research is an observational case-control study in which individuals with ms will be compared to a healthy control group. they will be two moments of assessments. on the first day the general performance of the persons will be measured, by using clinical evaluation tests and questionnaires. on the second day they will be tests on the dual tasks, specific a comparison between single versus simultaneously performed tasks.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of ms according to mcdonald's criteria * 18+ * have no other neurological or orthopedic disorder of the upper limb or spine. they should have the possibility to actively participate in the research. * nine hole peg test, in which the cut-off value is set at 0.5 peg / sec exclusion criteria: * patients are excluded with serious psychological problems.
vr for symptom control and wellbeing

Conditions: Oncology; End Stage Cancer; Palliative Care; Hematologic Malignancy

Summary: to investigate the effect that a virtual reality experience can have on patient symptoms and wellbeing for palliative care and oncology inpatients


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria * \> 18 years of age * inpatient at rcht know to the palliative care team * able to consent * able to speak and understand the english language * able to use the virtual reality system * able to complete esas-r questionnaire exclusion criteria * \<18 years of age * patient unable to consent * patient unable to speak english * unable to use the virtual reality system (e.g. visually impaired) * known epilepsy or seizures or suspected predisposition to seizures (e.g. brain metastasis)

Keywords: virtual reality
single and multiple dose escalation and two-sequence crossover study of ono-9054 in patients with ocular hypertension or mild open-angle glaucoma

Conditions: Ocular Hypertension (OHT); Mild Open Angle-glaucoma (OAG)

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of 3 planned doses of ono-9054 in the eyes of adult male and female patients with ocular hypertension (oht) or mild open angle-glaucoma (oag). the secondary objectives are to evaluate pharmacodynamics (pd) and to characterize the pharmacokinetic (pk) profile of ono-9054 and its metabolite in plasma and to compare its tolerability following morning and evening dosing.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female subjects age 18-80 (inclusive) with confirmed diagnosis of oht or oag * confirmed diagnosis of bilateral oht or chronic open-angle glaucoma * able to undergo washout of all ocular drugs * an iop ≥ 22mmhg at 8:00 am and ≥ 21 mmhg at 10:00 am in at least one eye; but ≤ 35 mmhg at all time points in both eyes on day -2 and day -1 * central corneal thickness 500-600 µm at screening in both eyes * bcva 20/100 or better in both eyes exclusion criteria: * any history of severe ocular trauma in either eye at any time * any history of previous intraocular or ocular laser surgery within the past 3 months or any refractive surgery procedure within the past 6 months of screening visit in the study eye(s) * cataracts that prevent observation of the fundus in either eye

Keywords: ono-9054 ocular hypertension oht open angle-glaucoma oag glaucoma eye diseases
robotic rehabilitation for spinal cord injury

Conditions: Spinal Cord Injury

Summary: individuals with spinal cord injury (sci) have significant functional loss and poor quality of life. individuals with cervical sci are suffering much worse sickness within the sci population. tetraplegia resulting from cervical sci bring a formidable emotional, physical, and financial burden in our society. hand function is especially important to people with tetraplegia. hand function is associated with independence in many activities, and impairments in upper extremity function can compound difficulties in many other areas, such as bowel and bladder management. thus, it is not surprising that restoring hand function was found to be a priority for individuals with tetraplegia. nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (mri) plays an essential role in the diagnosis of sci and helps to monitor disease progression and efficacy of therapies. advanced mri techniques, such as diffusion tensor imaging (dti) and functional mri (fmri), have shown the potential to improve the understanding of human spinal cord in healthy and pathological condition, and serve as imaging biomarkers to characterize damage degree, monitor the response to treatment, and predict the outcome of intervention. meanwhile, multi-channel emg (electromyography) recordings can provide a mapping of neuromuscular activities from an electrode-array. the application of robotics in upper extremity function restoration of sci patients has been started to help sci patients to recovery upper extremity function. combined dti and fmri to monitor the recovery of upper extremity function of sci patients, this project will provide a tailored-made emg driven soft-robotic hand prosthesis for tetraplegia individuals. we will provide the individuals with neuromuscular rehabilitation to preserve the residual function and to enhance the functional recovery. the eventual goal is to further design a useful robotic hand for regaining partial daily function to improve the quality of life for those individuals with tetraplegia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with tetraplegia under the care of department of orthopaedics and traumatology, lks faculty of medicine, the university of hong kong in queen mary hospital. exclusion criteria: * subjects with any neurological abnormality in brain, intellectual disability or other communication difficulty, subjects with pacemaker or metal implants, subjects with claustrophobia
tms vs conventional therapy for the treatment of functional neurological non epileptic seizure disorder

Conditions: Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizure

Summary: the aim of the study is to compare the effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) versus treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (ssris), in patients with diagnosis of functional neurological non epileptic seizure disorder (pnes).

this study consists of a single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial comprised of 20 patients with diagnosis of psychogenic non epileptic seizures (pnes), distributed in 2 arms of 10 patients each. patients (n=20) will be randomly assigned (using the block randomization method) to one of the groups. both groups of patients will be receiving their usual medical treatment (ssris), one group will receive in addition a therapeutic scheme with active tms, while the second group will receive the same scheme, but with a sham tms coil to decrease the bias of placebo effect.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients with a diagnosis of pnes, based on the diagnostic criteria of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition (dsm-5) and the ilae, confirmed by video recording and/or v-eeg monitoring, and who have a monthly seizure frequency greater than 3. 2. patients who have a record at the institute with the diagnosis of pnes. 3. patients with an encephalic mri. 4. patients who give their written consent to participate in the protocol. 5. patients who have not had any changes in the pharmacological treatment in the last 6 weeks. exclusion criteria: 1. patients who cannot answer the scales and other clinimetric instruments. 2. patients with a history of previous or current epilepsy. 3. patients with other major neurological comorbidities (tumor, cerebrovascular event (cve), cranioencephalic trauma (tbi)). 4. patients currently taking medications that lower the seizure threshold (bupropion). 5. patients with psychiatric comorbidities such as psychosis/bipolar disorder/substance abuse. 6. patients with certain implanted metallic devices (pacemakers). 7. pregnant women.

Keywords: transcranial magnetic stimulation selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor functional neurological disorder
optimal brain oxygenation in neurologic intensive care unit : the neuro2 study

Conditions: Traumatic Brain Injury; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Brain Injuries; Near-Infrared Spectroscopy; Intensive Care Neurological Disorder; Anemia

Summary: the neuro2 study is a multicenter observational study looking at nirs monitoring in neurocrocritically ill patients during the acute phase of care following an acute brain injury. the study is nested within the hemotion trial and the sahara trial

the neuro2 study is a multicenter prospective study nested within two large-scale pragmatic randomized open blinded endpoint (probe) trials in neurocritically ill patients, the hemotion and the sahara trials. these two trials are designed to compare a restrictive and a liberal transfusion strategies in critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury or subarachnoid hemorrhage. the neuro2 will report on prospectively gathered regional cerebral oxygenation data (rso2) from enrolled patients randomized to either the liberal or restrictive rbc transfusion strategy of their parent trials. the primary outcome will be 6-month neurologic function based on the gose. the established infrastructure of the trials will be used, including part of the data collection instruments and the outcome assessment team. the neuro2 study will achieve three separate but interconnected primary objectives: i) evaluate if the cerebral hypoxemic burden as measured by nirs during nicu stay, is associated with functional neurologic outcome (glasgow outcome scale extended - gose) at 6 months, ii) determine if the cerebral hypoxemic burden is impacted by red blood cell transfusion, iii) determine if the level of response in cerebral hypoxemic burden after rbc transfusion is associated with the 6-month functional neurologic outcome (gose) the secondary objectives are to evaluate whether the cerebral hypoxemic burden measured by nirs is associated with other clinically relevant outcomes including icu, hospital and 6-month mortality and hospital, icu length of stay and quality of life.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * enrolment in one of the parent trials (hemotion or sahara trials) * hemotion trial (acute moderate of severe blunt traumatic brain injury (glasgow coma score18 \[gcs\] ≤ 12)) * sahara trial (acute subarachnoid hemorrhage as confirmed by treating neurosurgeon or neuro-interventionist and supported by blood in subarachnoid space resulting from a ruptured aneurysm) * adult patients (age ≥18 years old) * patients suffering from anemia (hb ≤100 g/l) exclusion criteria: * contraindications or known objections to blood transfusions * active bleeding with hemodynamic instability at the time of enrollment * decision to withdraw or withhold life-sustaining therapies made * nirs monitoring not reliable
comparasion of efficacy of nebulized with intravenous magnesium sulphate in children with asthma

Conditions: Asthma in Children

Summary: the purpose of study is to assess the effectiveness of nebulized magnesium sulphate in children presenting with acute asthma.study perfoma consists of demographic variables,exclusion criteria and pediatric asthma score that includes respiratory rate,spo2 at room air(requirement of oxygen),auscultatory findings in chest,dysnea and retractions.

after getting informed consent from guardian,148 patients of acute moderate ro severe asthma with pediatric asthma score 8-15 will be randomly classified into 2 groups and one group will receive nebulization with magnesium sulphate and other will receive intravenous magnesium sulphate and effectiveness will be compared by 4 point reduction in pas from baseline in either groups after 6 hours.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with age 2 to 12 years with acute moderate to severe exacerbation of asthma as per operational definition children who are unrespoinsive to standard treatment of asthma at 60 minutes exclusion criteria: * those with history of chronic lung disease and abnormal renal function contraindication for mgso4 due to hepatic or renal disease allergy to mgso4 children who has other comorbid illness

Keywords: asthma in children intravenous magnesium sulphate nebulized magnesium sulphate