Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
glycemic load & resistance training on endothelial function & insulin sensitivity

Conditions: 160 Participants Aged 18-35 Years and Obese (BMI ≥30) Open to Men and Women of All Ethnicity

Summary: this project is prompted by the urgent public health need to identify novel strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease (cvd) and type 2 diabetes (t2d). the higher prevalence of cvd, t2d, and metabolic syndrome in obese individuals is a major healthcare concern. therefore, finding optimal intervention strategies to combat these growing epidemics is imperative.

at present, the extent to which dietary components can modify endothelial function, monocyte inflammation and glycemic variations is not well defined, although different carbohydrates are known to vary in their abilities to induce plasma glucose and insulin responses. epidemiologic work suggests that high dietary glycemic load (gl) is associated with increased concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, endothelial dysfunction markers, and increased risk of t2d and coronary heart disease (chd). we are examining using randomized control trials low vs. high-gl diet to determine if low-gl diets induce improvements in endothelial function or monocyte inflammation. furthermore, resistance training is an alternate form of exercise from conventional aerobic training. resistance training has the potential to improve endothelial function or monocyte phenotype, but there is very little data in this area. we hypothesize that resistance training may augment the beneficial effects of a low-gl diet in improving metabolic health.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-35 with bmi≥30 and/or your waist circumference ≥40 inches for males or ≥35 inches for females * in good health as determined by the screening visit and review of medical history exclusion criteria: * have a known heart arrhythmia and/or abnormalities found in electrocardiogram (ecg) reading or use of medications that influence cv function * have been in a weight loss or exercise program in the 6 months prior to participation * use tobacco products * have a syndrome or are prescribed medications that may influence body composition, insulin action, or cvd (e.g. pcos, prednisone, methylphenidate, etc.) * have intolerance to lactose or gluten * pregnant

Keywords: diet obese overweight exercise resistance training nutrition glycemic load body composition weight training lifestyle
clinical effects of sivelestat sodium on improving ards in patients with covid-19

Conditions: ARDS Due to Disease Caused by SARS Co-V-2

Summary: the goal of this retrospective multicentre cohort study is to examine the association between receipt of sivelestat and improvement in oxygenation among patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) induced by covid-19. we used propensity score matching to compare the outcomes of patients treated with sivelestat to those who were not. the primary outcome was the pao2/fio2 ratio on day 3. secondary outcomes included 28-day mortality, alive and icu-free days within 28 days, non-mechanical ventilation time within 28 days, the lengths of stay in the icu and hospital, proportion of patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo), proportion of patients undergoing endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy, and incidence of adverse events (aes) or severe adverse events (saes).

we conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted between december 2022 and may 2023 to general icus, respiratory icus and emergency icus across 14 hospitals in jilin province, china. we used propensity score matching to compare the outcomes of patients treated with sivelestat to those who were not. sivelestat sodium was administered through a 24-hour continuous intravenous infusion at a rate of 0.2 mg/kg/h, for a maximum duration of 14 days.the primary outcome was the pao2/fio2 ratio on day 3. secondary outcomes included 28-day mortality, alive and icu-free days within 28 days, non-mechanical ventilation time within 28 days, the lengths of stay in the icu and hospital, proportion of patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo), proportion of patients undergoing endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy, and incidence of adverse events (aes) or severe adverse events (saes).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1) equal to or more than 18 years old, 2) had positive covid-19 reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction test results from upper airway swab, 3) fulfilled the berlin definition of ards exclusion criteria: pregnant or lactating women, those with concomitant severe chronic respiratory diseases or end-stage malignant tumours, patients with duration of hospital stay or sivelestat administration less than 72 hours and patients for whom complete outcome data were not available.
genomic predictors in a multi-ethnic population with kidney disease study

Conditions: Kidney Disease

Summary: to establish a prospective, longitudinal cohort of participants who can provide blood, tissue (including kidney histology), urine samples to establish a core biobank for kidney disease research. results from this biobank will be matched to clinical outcomes to facilitate the discovery (and/or validation) of novel prognostic, predictive or diagnostic biomarkers important for kidney disease.

hypothesis: genetic ancestry influences the enrichment of certain polymorphisms, which may have important protective or adverse effects on important kidney related outcomes, including developing chronic kidney disease, progression to kidney failure, and/or poor long-term outcomes following kidney transplantation. aims: to establish a prospective, longitudinal cohort of participants who can provide blood, tissue (including kidney histology), urine samples to establish a core biobank for kidney disease research. results from this biobank will be matched to clinical outcomes to facilitate the discovery (and/or validation) of novel prognostic, predictive or diagnostic biomarkers important for kidney disease. data from this cohort will be used to determine if genomic factors independently influence: 1. the susceptibility to developing acute kidney injury (aki) and the severity of aki. 2. the development of chronic kidney disease (ckd), and the complications of ckd 3. the progression to kidney failure (needing dialysis or transplant) and complications of kidney failure? 4. the risk of treatment failure (or resistance) to standard medical therapy for any of the above (1-4)?

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥ 18 years old at time of enrolment * able to provide consent * either have kidney disease at time of enrolment or not have kidney disease but has at least one risk factor for kidney disease (eg family history, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, stones, nephrotoxin use) * consent to longitudinal follow up at enrolment * consent to providing blood samples at enrolment exclusion criteria: * unable or unwilling to provide consent * life-expectancy less than 6-months * received haematopoietic stem cell transplant in the past 5 years

Keywords: kidney
soy and lipoproteins in postmenopausal women

Conditions: Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular Diseases; Heart Diseases; Menopause

Summary: to determine the effects of soy on lipids, lipoproteins and lipoprotein subclass in a sample of african-american and white postmenopausal women with low-density lipoprotein (ldl) cholesterol elevations that may increase their lifetime risk for cardiovascular disease but would not qualify for definite pharmacotherapy under current guidelines.

background: cardiovascular disease (cvd) remains the leading cause of mortality and disability in postmenopausal women. menopause alters serum lipids and lipoproteins to produce a more atherogenic lipid profile that may contribute significantly to the increased risk for the development of cvd over the lifetime of women. clinical trials have demonstrated a beneficial effect of soy protein containing isoflavones (soy) on plasma lipids and lipoproteins; however, these studies included small numbers of postmenopausal women and virtually none included sufficient african-american women. in addition, no published data existed in 2001 on the impact of soy on atherogenic lipoprotein subclasses in postmenopausal women. design narrative: the study was a double blind, parallel group, randomized clinical trial. a total of 216 healthy postmenopausal women (50 percent african-american) with ldl cholesterol between 130 mg/dl and 190 mg/dl were enrolled. following a pre-randomization run-in period on a ncep step i diet, women were randomized to receive soy containing isoflavones or casein dietary supplements for 3 months. major outcome variables were assessed in both groups at baseline and again at 3 months. it was hypothesized that soy supplementation would result in significantly greater reduction in ldl cholesterol, ldl particle concentration, and prevalence of dense ldl particles and improvement in menopausal quality of life compared with placebo and that these effects would be comparable in african-americans and whites. this was the first study to determine whether a natural plant product could ameliorate the unfavorable changes in known and novel lipid risk factors that are a consequence of menopause in both african-american and white women. the unique transitional outcomes explored in this study added substantially to the limited body of knowledge of the effects of soy. evaluation of this nutritional alternative to hormone replacement therapy (hrt) that may provide a beneficial effect on lipid risk factors and menopausal symptoms but would be free of the adverse effects on triglycerides, the breast and uterus, and thrombotic events associated with hrt could have significant public health implications for postmenopausal women.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria * postmenopausal women * elevated cholesterol
a study of single and multiple doses of different formulations of a prostacyclin receptor agonist

Conditions: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Summary: the purpose of the study is to assess safety and tolerability of prostacyclin receptor agonist formulation in treatment period 1 and with different formulation of prostacyclin receptor agonist in treatment period 2.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * otherwise, healthy as deemed by the investigator on the basis of physical examination, medical history, vital signs, and 12-lead electrocardiograms (ecg) performed at screening and day -1 of oral treatment period * otherwise, healthy medically stable on the basis of clinical laboratory tests performed at screening. if the results of the serum chemistry panel, blood coagulation, hematology, or urinalysis are outside the normal reference ranges, the participant may be included only if the investigator judges the abnormalities or deviations from normal to be not clinically significant or to be appropriate and reasonable for the population under study. this determination must be recorded in the participant's source documents and initialed by the investigator * body mass index (bmi) within the range 18.0 to 32.0 kilograms per meter square (kg/m\^2) (inclusive) and body weight not less than 50 kilograms (kg) at screening * all female participants must have a negative highly sensitive serum (beta-human chorionic gonadotropin \[beta-hcg\]) at screening * a male participant must agree not to donate sperm for the purpose of reproduction during the study and for a minimum of 90 days after receiving the last dose of study intervention exclusion criteria: * known allergies, hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, or intolerance to prostacyclin receptor agonist or drugs of the same class, or any excipient (including poloxamer and polysorbate) of the drug formulation(s) * clinically significant abnormal physical examination, vital signs, or 12-lead ecg (qtc greater than or equal to \[\>=\]450 milliseconds \[msec\] for men and \>=460 msec for women. qt corrected according to bazett's formula \[qtcb\]) as assessed by the investigator at screening or day -1 of oral treatment period * history of malignancy within 3 years before screening (exceptions are squamous and basal cell carcinomas of the skin * positive serologic testing for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), hepatitis c virus (hcv), active coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) infection * a history of repeated (more than once over the last 30 days) fainting due to cardiac cause, collapse, syncope, orthostatic hypotension, or vasovagal reactions
dexamethasone implant for retinal detachment in uveal melanoma

Conditions: Exudative Retinal Detachment and Uveal Melanoma

Summary: this is an investigator-initiated phase i study of a single dose of an intravitreally-administered dexamethasone implant (ozurdex™) in subjects with uveal melanomas (um) and exudative retinal detachments (erd: build-up of fluid under the retina that causes it to detach) being treated with proton beam radiation (pbi) or plaque radiotherapy. although pbi is an effective treatment for um, erds may persist after radiation, leading to vision loss. effective treatments for erd are currently lacking. we are conducting this study to evaluate whether ozurdex™ can help resolve erds that occur in patients with um. ozurdex™ has been approved by the food and drug administration (fda) to treat certain ocular conditions such as macular edema, non-infectious uveitis, and diabetic macular edema but it is not approved for use in patients with um and erd. this study will determine the safety of the dexamethasone implant and provide preliminary evidence of efficacy in this population.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * tumor thickness \<= 10 mm. * associated serous retinal detachment extending beyond tumor, \> two clockhours in extent. * primary treatment of ocular melanoma with proton irradiation or plaque radiotherapy. exclusion criteria: * any pre-existing glaucoma. * history of elevated iop (\> 25 mm hg). * history of steroid response glaucoma. * active or suspected ocular or periocular infections including most viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva: active ocular herpes simplex, active epithelial herpes simplex keratitis (dendritic keratitis), vaccinia, varicella, mycobacterial infections, and fungal diseases. * any history of ocular herpes simplex. * torn or ruptured posterior lens capsule. * known hypersensitivity to any components of the dexamethasone intravitreal implant. * women of child-bearing potential: pregnant or planning to become pregnant.

Keywords: dexamethasone uveal melanoma steroid-implant exudative retinal detachment
shared decision-making for colorectal cancer screening

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer

Summary: the overall objective of this study is to conduct a three-arm randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact of an interactive, web-based decision aid on shared decision-making and patient adherence to colorectal cancer (crc) screening recommendations.

colorectal cancer (crc) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death and third most commonly diagnosed cancer among men and women in the united states. screening has been shown to be a cost-effective strategy for reducing both crc mortality through early detection and incidence through the detection and removal of precancerous adenomatous polyps (adenomas). despite a compelling rationale and widespread endorsement by authoritative groups, screening rates remain far below those necessary to achieve significant reductions in crc mortality or incidence. poor patient acceptance and non-adherence to screening recommendations are partly responsible for low screening rates. shared decision-making has been advocated as a potentially effective yet unproven strategy for addressing this problem. implicit in this approach is the need for an unbiased decision aid that not only educates patients about the pros and cons of the different strategies so as to enable them to identify a preferred strategy but also empowers patients to take a proactive role in the decision-making process, thereby increasing satisfaction and promoting adherence. from a logistical standpoint, the decision aid must also be easy to implement in the ambulatory setting so as to maximize use but minimize demands on physician time and office resources. to address this need, we have developed an interactive, web-based decision aid and implementation strategy for use in routine clinical practice. comparison(s): average risk subjects assigned to one of two intervention arms (decision aid alone versus decision aid plus personalized risk assessment with feedback) compared to a control arm(generic website that discusses lifestyle changes that can reduce overall cancer risk).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asymptomatic average-risk subjects * under the direct care of one of participating site's staff (attending) physicians or physician extenders; * no prior screening other than fecal occult blood testing (fobt); * no major co-morbidities that preclude crc screening by any method exclusion criteria: * prior crc screening by any method other than fobt occult blood testing * high-risk condition (personal history of colorectal cancer or polyps, family history of colorectal cancer or polyps involving one or more first degree relatives, chronic inflammatory bowel disease) * lack of fluency in written and spoken english (since decision aid and personalized risk assessment tool will be in english only due to funding issues); * comorbidities that preclude crc screening by any method

Keywords: colorectal cancer screening shared decision-making decision aid
systematic lymph node sampling and analysis in patients with pancreatic cancer

Conditions: Pancreatic Cancer

Summary: prospective investigation of the ratio between malignant and total number of lymph nodes in predefined lymph node stations in patients resected for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. a national danish project.

lymph nodes will be sampled from the following stations in patients with adenocarcinomas of the pancreas group 6: infrapyloric lymph nodes (ip) group 8: lymph nodes around the common hepatic artery (cha) group 12: lymph nodes of the hepatoduodenal ligament (hdl) group 13: posterior pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes group 14: lymph nodes around the superior mesenteric artery (sma) group 17: anterior pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: bioptic verified pancreatic adenocarcinoma or periampullary adenocarcinoma (within 20mm of the papilla) exclusion criteria: patients with non-adenocarcinoma tumors of the pancreas or periampullary region

Keywords: pancreas adenocarcinoma, lymph node metastases
pre-shock cardiopulmonary resuscitation to patients with out-of-hospital resuscitation, a randomised clinical trial

Conditions: Cardiac Arrest

Summary: 1. pre-shock cardiopulmonary resuscitation might benefit the survival of out-of-hospital cardiac patients with ventricular fibrillation / ventricular tachycardia in a post-hoc analysis of a prehospital trial conducted in europe (l.wik,2002). however, it's effectiveness in the asian countries, where most firstly recorded rhythm in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests patients were asystole/pulseless electric activity rather than ventricular fibrillation / ventricular tachycardia, were not explored yet. 2. this trial was designed to exam if pre-shock cardiopulmonary resuscitation by emergency medical technicians improves the outcome of all out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in an asian metropolitan city.

1. different from data from the western countries, non-shockable rhythm (asystole/pulseless electric activity) was responsible for most out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients(80%\~90%) in metropolitan taipei. 2. response time in taipei emergency medical service was longer than 5 minutes. 3. bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate were relatively low in taipei. 4. cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the only known method to save out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with asystole/pulseless electric activity. for those suffered from ventricular fibrillation/ ventricular tachycardia,previous studies revealed pre-shock cardiopulmonary resuscitation may have the potential to improve the outcome. 5. study hypothesis: compared with current standard resuscitative sequence (basic life support protocol in guideline 2005), longer pre-shock cardiopulmonary resuscitation provided to all out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in taipei may improve the outcome of them.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest exclusion criteria: * trauma * age \< 18y/o * airway obstruction * submersion * sign of obvious death * existing do not resuscitate (dnar) order * family refusal * preceding cpr by bls teams for longer than 2 minutes.

Keywords: cpr preshock cpr ohca ems
zenith® fenestrated abdominal aortic aneurysm (aaa) endovascular graft continued access study

Conditions: Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms; Aorto-iliac Aneurysms; Juxtarenal Aneurysms

Summary: the zenith®fenestrated aaa endovascular graft clinical study is a clinical investigation approved by the us fda to study the safety and effectiveness of the zenith® fenestrated aaa endovascular graft in the treatment of abdominal aortic and aorto-iliac aneurysms.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * abdominal aortic and aortoiliac aneurysms with diameter greater than or equal to 5 cm exclusion criteria: * proximal neck less than 4 mm or greater than or equal to 15 mm in length unless otherwise compromised to preclude seal * renal artery stenosis greater than 50 percent
reduced-intensity immunoablation and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ahsct) for multiple sclerosis

Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis

Summary: this is a patient-sponsored study that evaluates the safety and efficacy of reduced-intensity immunoablation followed by a single dose autologous hematopoetic stem cell transplantation in patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. patients are followed-up after 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months post-transplantation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed with progressive multiple sclerosis with or without relapses * edss score between 1.5 and 7.0, including documented rapid progression over the previous year unresponsive to conventional therapies or no available treatment options * aged between 18 and 60 with a history of at least one enhancing lesion on brain mri * with absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,000/mm\^3, platelet count ≥ 100,000/mm\^3 and hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dl exclusion criteria: * patients with cardiac, renal, pulmonary, hepatic, or other organ impairment that would limit their ability to receive dose-intensive immunosuppressive therapy, high-dose chemotherapy, and/or autologous hsct * patients with any active or chronic infection e.g. uncontrolled viral, fungal, or bacterial infection * uncontrolled diabetes * patients who are seropositive for hiv1, hiv2, hepatitis b surface antigen, and hepatitis c * patients whose life expectancy is severely limited by another illness * patients with evidence of myelodysplasia or other non-autoimmune cytopenia * patients having received a cytotoxic agent within one month prior to this study * patients who are pregnant or at risk of pregnancy, including those unwilling to practice * patients with psychiatric illness, mental deficiency, or cognitive dysfunction * patients unable to give written informed consent in accordance with research ethics board guidelines

Keywords: multiple sclerosis hsct