effects of 3 months of supervised exercise training

Conditions: Overweight/Obesity; Glucose Intolerance; Type 2 Diabetes; Sedentarity

Summary: the incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. because of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with type 2 diabetes, it is imperative to propose methods of prevention and this in early stage of abnormal glucose metabolism. this study will assess the beneficial effects of physical activity (acute and chronic effects) (the subjects being their own controls) on cardiometabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in 3 conditions : unstimulated (fasting and resting conditions) and stimulated conditions: postprandial response to a standardized meal preceded or not by an exercise bout. the investigators hypothesized that an acute bout of exercise will decrease the postprandial inflammatory response to a standardized meal and that this effect of exercise will be increased after 3 months of exercise training.

this is a prospective study over 4 months, open, nonrandomized. 45 overweight or obese male subjects will complete 3 experimental sessions (0700-1400h) before and after 3 months of supervised physical training. during a first session, subjects will remain inactive and fasted (basal conditions). during the second session a standardized meal will be offered (postprandial response to a standardized meal). the third session will consist in the realization of an exercise bout (60min at 60%vo2 max) followed by a standardized meal (same meal that the previous day). several blood (catheter), salivary and urinary samples will be collected during the 3 sessions, throughout the experimental day.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male caucasian adults between 30 and 65 years old sedentary criteria based on the determination of fasting glucose (who 1999): * normal if fasting plasma glucose (fpg) \<1.10 g / l * diabetes if fasting glucose\> 1.26 g / l (7 mmol / l) twice * nondiabetic fasting hyperglycemia: 1.10 g / l ≤ fpg ≤ 1.26 g / l * glucose intolerance : if plasma glucose at 120 minutes during the ogtt (75g) is between 1.40 g / l and 2 g/ l. body mass index 25 bmi 35kg/m2 affiliated to national health insurance subject giving his written informed consent subject considered as normal after clinical examination and medical questionnaire exclusion criteria: * - drugs that interfere with the parameters determined * diabetic treated with insulin, glitazones or glinides * eating disorders like bulimia and vomiting * special diet, vegan or vegetarian * autoimmune disease or inflammatory progressive desease requiring prolonged treatment * regular physical activity (\> 1 hour of physical activity per week for at least 6 months) * smoking (\> 5 cigarettes / day) * weight change greater than 5% of the total weight in the 3 months preceding the study * contra-indication to physical activity * chronic pathologies: cancer, inflammatory, cardiac, pulmonary, renal, gastrointestinal or liver diseases * being in exclusion on the national volunteers data file * no one under guardianship or not subject to social security. * being under someone's supervision * subjects deprived of their liberty by judicial or administrative. * refusal to sign the information sheet and written consent for particip

Keywords: obesity type 2 diabetes glucose intolerance physical activity inflammation hpa axis cytokines