Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
ultrasound-guided erector spinae plan block for colorectal surgery

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer; Postoperative Pain

Summary: colorectal cancer is a common and lethal disease. it still remains the third most common cause of cancer death in women and the second leading cause of death in men. pain control is an important direction of postoperative management in malignancy surgery. inadequate pain control increases cardiac and respiratory complications in these critical patients. erector spinae plane (esp) block is a recently described regional anesthesia technique that blocks the dorsal and ventral rami of the spinal nerves and the sympathetic nerve fibers. while the esp block has been shown to provide effective postoperative analgesia after thoracic, and abdominal surgeries. our aim in this study was to investigate bilateral thoracic esp block for providing successful postoperative pain management following colorectal surgery.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * american society of anesthesiologist's physiologic state i-ii-iii patients undergoing colorectal surgery exclusion criteria: * renal or hepatic insufficiency, chronic pain, patients with an allergic reaction to anesthesia and analgesia drugs to be used
newbreez safety and efficacy evaluation

Conditions: Swallowing Disorders

Summary: the objective of this clinical study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the newbreez intra-laryngeal implant in patients with dysfunctional larynx.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age \> 18 years old 2. congenital or acquired, central or peripheral, neurological or neuromuscular disorder associated with laryngeal dysfunction with aspirations 3. has a tracheotomy or tracheostomy and is indicated for use of a hood weaning kit 4. must be able to comply with all study requirements for the duration of the study as outlined in the protocol. this includes complying with the visit schedule as well as study specific procedures such as: scanner, radiographic swallowing study, nasopharyngoscopy , newbreez ilp implant as well as quality-of-life evaluation 5. must be able to understand and be willing to provide written informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. any condition that precludes the insertion of the newbreez ilp or ancillary implantation device 2. major swallowing disorder 3. existing coagulation disorder 4. previous esophageal stenting 5. life-expectancy \< 12 months 6. be pregnant or breastfeeding or intention of becoming pregnant during the study (if female of childbearing potential)point of enrollment

Keywords: swallowing disorders aspiration
rifamycin sv-mmx® 400 mg b.i.d. vs. rifamycin sv-mmx® 600 mg t.i.d. vs. placebo in acute uncomplicated diverticulitis

Conditions: Uncomplicated Diverticulitis

Summary: the purpose of the trial is to compare the efficacy of rifamycin sv-mmx® 400 mg b.i.d. vs. rifamycin sv-mmx® 600 mg t.i.d. vs. placebo in patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. signed informed consent, 2. patient is eligible for out-patient treatment, 3. men or women between 18 and 80 years of age, 4. diagnosis of left-sided uncomplicated diverticulitis confirmed by ultrasonography (us) and/or computed tomography (ct) according to modified hinchey classification (stage 1a) or hansen/stock classification (stage i/iia) or ambrosetti classification (stage mild), 5. presence of significant left lower quadrant pain during the last 24 hours before baseline, 6. crp \> uln and/or leucocytosis (\> uln) at screening visit exclusion criteria: 1. existing complications of diverticulitis (diverticulitis with associated abscess, fistula, obstruction or perforation), 2. right-sided diverticulitis, 3. previous colonic surgery (except appendectomy, haemorrhoidectomy, and endoscopic removal of polyps), 4. chronic inflammatory bowel disease (such as crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis) or celiac disease, 5. presence of symptomatic organic disease of the gastrointestinal tract (with the exception of non-bleeding hemorrhoids or hiatal hernia), 6. hemorrhagic diathesis, 7. active peptic ulcer disease, 8. abnormal hepatic function or liver cirrhosis, 9. abnormal renal function, 10. colorectal cancer or a history of colorectal cancer,
randomized control trial of a topical anesthetic to evaluate pain and anxiety during venipuncture

Conditions: Pain; Anxiety

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the amount of anxiety and pain felt by children during procedures that require a needle stick after using a topical anesthetic or placebo cream.

pediatric patients frequently receive eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (emla) or other anesthetic medications prior to venipuncture. however, the time for the anesthetic to take affect is approximately 60 minutes. another anesthetic medication besides emla is lidocaine 4% topical anesthetic cream (lmx4), which has a shorter acting time (30 minutes) compared to the emla, making it a more desirable medication when urgent labs are required. this medication is being evaluated to assess the anxiety and pain associated with venipuncture in 15 minutes versus the approved 30 minutes of pediatric patients treated as an inpatient or outpatient in the local emergency department, compared to standard care (no prior treatment).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children ages 5-18 years of age * treated as an inpatient or outpatient at lehigh valley hospital within the past 24 hours * venipuncture order, and that order is their initial venipuncture order (required within 30 mins) exclusion criteria: * known allergy to emla, lmx4 or any of their ingredients * known sensitivities to local anesthetics of the amide type, lidocaine or prilocaine * g6pd deficiency * methemoglobinemia or concomitant administration of methemoglobin-inducing agent * brain injured or disoriented (glasgow coma scale \<15) * cognitively impaired (mini mental status exam \<28) * active skin conditions at venipuncture site including frequent rashes, eczema or unexplained bruising

Keywords: pediatric patients pain anxiety topical anesthetic randomized control trial
peripheral vascular disease and coronary artery disease

Conditions: Acute Coronary Syndrome

Summary: this study aims at evaluating the relationship between peripheral artery plaque characteristics evaluated by ultrasound and coronary culprit lesion characteristics evaluated by oct in acs patients.

patients with acute coronary syndrome (acs) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) and optical coherence tomography (oct) are included in this study. two skillful echocardiographers will evaluate peripheral artery plaque characteristics by ultrasound.ultrasound parameters of peripheral artery will be compared among patients with different coronary culprit lesion characteristics, such as plaque rupture and plaque erosion.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosed as acs underwent coronary angiography and oct examination * agreed to accept peripheral artery ultrasound examination exclusion criteria: * in-stent restenosis, coronary dissection, coronary spam, thrombus * left main artery disease * age\>85 years old * cardiogenic shock or stroke admission * severe hepatic or renal dysfunction * poor quality of oct image or massive thrombus
clopidogrel and aspirin interaction study-2

Conditions: Drug Action Increased

Summary: clopidogrel and aspirin are commonly used in combination to prevent heart attacks and to prevent blockage of stents. both clopidogrel and aspirin work by preventing platelets (sticky cells that circulate in the blood) from forming blood clots in the arteries supplying oxygen to the heart and in stents. the investigators hypothesize that aspirin 325mg compared with aspirin 81 mg will increase blood levels of the active metabolite of clopidogrel in patients with a history of coronary artery disease who receive a 600mg loading dose of clopidogrel.

eligible patients will be randomized to receive clopidogrel 600mg + aspirin 325mg (group a) or clopidogrel 600mg + aspirin 81mg (group b). patients will be fasted for at least 8 hours prior to study drug administration. blood samples will be collected at 1 hour after study drug administration for measurement of clopidogrel active metabolite levels and genotyping.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * stable patients \>1 month post acs (including st elevated myocardial infarction, non-st elevated myocardial infarction or unstable angina) or stent * receiving regular asa (81mg/d) and clopidogrel (75mg/d) for at least 1 week * written informed consent exclusion criteria: * age \< 18 years * liver disease with alt or bilirubin \>2x upper limits of normal (uln)\* * renal impairment with creatinine clearance \<30 ml/min\* * deemed to be at high risk of bleeding (e.g., recent bleeding, platelet count\<100x109/l or hemoglobin \<100g/l)\* * anticoagulant or nsaid therapy within the last 5 days * antiplatelet agent other than aspirin and clopidogrel within the last 10 days * uncontrolled hypertension (\>=180/110mmhg) * within 3 months of planned randomization

Keywords: clopidogrel aspirin interaction
telemedicine to replace face-to-face physician consultation in patients with hypertension : a pilot randomized-controlled trial

Conditions: Hypertension

Summary: the investigators has developed a blood pressure telemonitoring system. it is hypothesized that, when optimal control of bp is confirmed on the telemonitoring system, the index physician's consultation can be safely deferred, and medications can still be prescribed without such face-to-face consultation. despite potentially resource-saving for doctors and time-saving for patients, the feasibility and patients' acceptability of the use of the telemonitoring system to replace face-to-face physician consultation remains unclear. for primary outcome, the investigators hypothesize that this telemonitoring system will be feasible and acceptable to patients and can replace physicians' face-to-face consultations. for secondary outcomes, the investigators hypothesize that patients receiving care through telemonitoring have non-inferior bp control when compared with patients receiving usual care. furthermore, the patients receiving telemonitoring may also have enhanced self-efficacy and compliance to drugs and lifestyle interventions


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have a diagnosis of essential hypertension (ht) and are currently taking antihypertensive agents * have good control of clinic bp as confirmed on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (abpm) (daytime bp ≤135/85mmhg) * can read basic chinese (as the content of the app in chinese) * have a home bp monitor (hbpm) * used any mobile app (not ht-related) in the previous 1 year exclusion criteria: * an inability to give informed consent * unwillingness to conduct hbpm or repeated abpm * current use of any other ht app for bp monitoring * relative contraindications to abpm (diagnosed atrial fibrillation, occupational drivers or patients with bleeding tendencies) * severe mental illness, including those diagnosed with schizophrenia, dementia or as being actively suicidal, because these patients may have diminished ability to use the ht app; * a diagnosis of other chronic disease(s) that need regular physical assessments and doctors' consultations (e.g. diabetes and asthma that are being treated, but patients with hypertension and hyperlipidaemia will remain eligible) * diagnosed active cancer,
evaluation of non-invasive pursed-lip breathing ventilation (plbv) in advanced copd

Conditions: COPD

Summary: comparison of a conventional non-invasive ventilation to a non-invasive pursed-lip breathing ventilation (plbv) ventilation in advanced copd

intervention: non-invasive ventilation with dynamic positive pressure during expiration (pursed-lip breathing ventilation, plbv) control conventional bi-level non-invasive ventilation (niv) with static positive pressures duration of intervention per patient 3 months as randomized (1:1) followed by 9 months as chosen by patient

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. signed informed consent 2. age \>40 years 3. copd diagnosis known for at least 12 months 4. niv therapy for at least 3 months 4. regular use of niv with extrapolated usage time of at least 700 hours / year 5. current inspiratory niv pressure ≥20 mbar 6. patient understands the requirements of the study 7. patient is able to follow the study protocol exclusion criteria: 1. current copd exacerbation (is allowed 4 weeks after end of treatment) 2. radiologically proven pneumonia within the past month 3. other leading pulmonary illness 4. tracheostomy 5. pneumothorax 6. pregnancy or lactation 7. bmi \>35 kg/m² 8. steroid therapy with \>15 mg prednisolon daily for \>1 month 9. condition causing hypercapnia other than copd 10. 6mwt distance of \>300 meters within the last 7 days 11. previous therapy with the vigaro niv device 12. weight loss of more than 5 kg / 12 months 13. further criteria to exclude confounding factors
neck ultrasound by respiratory physicians in patients with lung cancer

Conditions: Lung Cancer Metastatic; Nodes, Lung

Summary: this is a study of routine neck ultrasound performed by respiratory physicians in patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and suspected lung cancer

in the first phase of the study a respiratory physician was trained to perform neck ultrasound and needle sampling of enlarged cervical lymph nodes according to preset criteria. in the second phase patients with suspected lung cancer and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes underwent routine neck ultrasound and enlarged cervical lymph nodes were sampled using fine needle and or core needle biopsy. the outcomes of interest in the study were the rate of malignant cervical lymphadenopathy defined as pathological evidence of cancer in neck lymph node samples consistent with a lung primary, adequacy of needle sampling, patient reported experience assessed by a visual analogue of discomfort associated with needle neck sampling and ebus, and the proportion of patients that had nodal upstaging

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * suspected and later on confirmed lung cancer * presence of at least one mediastinal lymph node measuring \> 10 mm in short diameter on computerised tomography exclusion criteria: * age \<18 * history any malignancy apart from non-melanomatous skin cancer * inability to give informed consent

Keywords: ultrasound lymphadenopathy lung cancer
study will assess the safety, neutralizing activity and efficacy of azd3152 in adults with conditions increasing risk of inadequate protective immune response after vaccination and thus are at high risk of developing severe covid-19

Conditions: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2

Summary: azd3152, a single mab, is being developed to have broad neutralizing activity across known sars-cov-2 variants of concern for pre-exposure prophylaxis of covid-19. the aim of the phase ii study is to evaluate the safety, neutralizing activity and efficacy of azd3152 for pre exposure prophylaxis of covid-19

phase ii study to assess the safety, neutralizing activity and efficacy of one dose of azd3152 compared with one dose of placebo in adults with immunocompromised conditions, including comorbidities contributing to weakened immunity, thereby increasing the risk of covid-19 progression up to severe grade.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participant must be 18 years of age or older at the time of signing the informed consent. * weight ≥ 45 kg at visit 1. * participants must satisfy at least 1 of the following risk factors at enrollment: 1. obese, ie, bmi ≥ 30 2. congestive heart failure 3. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 4. chronic kidney disease 5. intolerant of vaccine 6. immunocompromised state (one of the following risk factors ): 1. have cancer 2. have solid organ transplant or a hematopoietic stem cell transplant 3. are actively taking immunosuppressive medicines 4. received chimeric antigen receptor t-cell therapy 5. within 1 year of receiving b-cell depleting therapies 6. have a moderate or severe primary immunodeficiency * medically stable * wocbp must not be pregnant or lactating and must use a highly effective method of contraception exclusion criteria: * known hypersensitivity to any component of the study intervention * previous hypersensitivity or severe adverse reaction following administration of a mab * acute or febrile infection prior to dosing * has hiv infection * receipt of any convalescent covid-19 plasma treatment, mab against sars-cov-2 , covid-19 vaccine within 6 months * covid-19 antiviral prophylaxis within at least 2 weeks * covid-19 case within 6 months

Keywords: pre-exposure prophylaxis of covid-19
growth hormone use in adults with prader-willi syndrome

Conditions: Prader-Willi Syndrome

Summary: the main research question this protocol aims to answer is whether treatment with growth hormone will impact body composition, quality of life, and energy balance in pws adults, and if there is a loss of effects after cessation of treatment for at least 12 months.

the main research question this protocol aims to answer is whether treatment with growth hormone will impact body composition, quality of life, and energy balance in pws adults, and if there is a loss of effects after cessation of treatment for at least 12 months. specific outcomes to be evaluated are as follows: • increased igf-1 as a function of human growth hormone dosage compared with baseline. 1. improvement of indicators or risk factors for co-morbid diseases \[diabetes (by measuring insulin and glucose levels), cardiovascular disease (by measuring lipids and fatty acids), and pulmonary function\] in participants. 2. improvement in quality of life measures as indicated by ratings on established behavior checklists in participants. 3. changes in body composition (decreased fat, increased lean body mass and bone density) as determined by dexa in participants. 4. increased energy expenditure as determined by whole-room calorimeter measures (8 hour energy expenditure, rmr, tef, mechanical work); diet records, physical activity monitors and strength measures.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 16 to 60 years old * male or female with diagnosed prader-willi syndrome confirmed by genetic testing (e.g., mpcr) * low igf-1 level (e.g.,≤25%) at baseline * ability to provide informed consent or availability of a suitable legally authorized representative exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * previous treatment with growth hormone * uncontrolled endocrine disease, (i.e. diabetes or thyroid) * history of severe scoliosis * heart disease * uncontrolled high blood pressure or history of stroke * morbid obesity (using pws growth charts) * severe sleep apnea or known breathing difficulties/obstruction (as per history or diagnostic testing results
superior silybin bioavailability in healthy volunteers

Conditions: Liver Diseases; Chronic Liver Disease

Summary: twenty-four healthy volunteers of both genders, aged 18 to 44 years old and body mass indexes between 18 to 27 kg/m2,were selected to participate in a two-way, balanced, prospective, blind, single-dose crossover study with a one-week wash-out period. it was assessed that volunteers were free from significant cardiac, hepatic, renal, pulmonary, neurological, gastrointestinal and hematological diseases. the volunteers clinical evaluation were determined by clinical examination, ecg, and the following laboratory tests: blood glucose, urea, creatinine, ast, alt, ggt, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin and fractions, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, albumin and total protein, and routine urinalysis. all subjects were negative for hiv, hbv, and hcv.

in healthy volunteers single-dose crossover study with a one week, it was assessed that volunteers were free from significant cardiac, hepatic, renal, pulmonary, neurological, gastrointestinal and hematological diseases. the volunteers clinical evaluation were determined by clinical examination

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * volunteers were free from significant cardiac, hepatic, renal, pulmonary, neurological, gastrointestinal and hematological diseases. the volunteers clinical evaluation were determined by clinical examination, ecg, and the following laboratory tests: blood glucose, urea, creatinine, ast, alt, ggt, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin and fractions, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, albumin and total protein, and routine urinalysis exclusion criteria: * subject with hiv, hbv, hcv * subject with comorbidities * subject less 18 years old subject higher 50 years old

Keywords: liver fibrosis hepatoprotective sylimarin
shuntcheck versus radionuclide in evaluating shunt function in symptomatic nph patients

Conditions: Hydrocephalus

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare the accuracy of shuntcheck (sc) and shuntcheck plus micro-pumper (sc+mp) to radionuclide shunt patency testing (sps) in evaluating shunt function in patients with adult hydrocephalus (ah) implanted with ventriculoperitoneal (vp) shunts when shunt obstruction is suspected and a diagnostic procedure such as radionuclide shunt patency testing (sps) is required.

the primary objective is to demonstrate that the accuracy of sc and sc+mp for determining whether a vp shunt is patent or obstructed is statistically no different than the accuracy of the accepted standard test, radionuclide shunt patency study, when performed simultaneously. a secondary objective is to determine sc and sc+mp results in the presence of possible partial obstruction, which defined as subjects with radionuclide clearance measured by t1/2 of 8 to 10 minutes. a secondary objective is to compare shuntcheck flow rate results to simultaneous radionuclide clearance as measured by t1/2. a secondary objective is to demonstrate that shuntcheck flow rate results are statistically equivalent to simultaneous radionuclide clearance measured by t1/2

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. adult men or women \> 35 years of age; 2. capable of providing valid signed informed consent, or has a legal guardian, health care agent, or surrogate decision maker (according to local statutes, and collectively referred to as "surrogates" in this protocol) capable of providing valid, signed informed consent; 3. possess a shunt placed for ah; 4. a radionuclide shunt patency study has been ordered because of suspected shunt obstruction 5. subject is willing and able to return to the treating physician for evaluation of the outcome of the shunt patency study exclusion criteria: 1. presence of multiple shunts, or presence of more than one distal shunt catheter (regardless of function) crossing the clavicle ipsilateral to the shunt with suspected obstruction; 2. shuntcheck test would interfere with standard patient care, or emergency shunt surgery that cannot be delayed is indicated; 3. presence of an interfering open wound or edema over any portion of the vp shunt; 4. subject is unwilling or unable to return to the treating physician for the sps and shuntcheck testing.

Keywords: hydrocephalus csf shunts normal pressure hydrocephalus nph shuntcheck shunt malfunction suspected shunt malfunction in adult hydrocephalus patients