Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
effects of enhancers and inhibitors on absorption from iron supplements

Conditions: Iron-deficiency; Iron Deficiency Anemia

Summary: iron deficiency (id) is a major public health problem worldwide and oral iron supplementation can be an effective strategy to treat and prevent id. to maximize iron bioavailability form oral iron supplements the simultaneous intake of the iron absorption enhancer ascorbic acid (aa) is recommended, and the simultaneous intake of coffee or tea containing the iron absorption inhibitors polyphenols should be avoided. also, oral iron supplements are recommended to be taken on an empty stomach in the morning and without a meal to avoid any interaction with phytic acid, another iron absorption inhibitor present in many foods. however, the effects of these iron absorption enhancers and inhibitors have only been shown on iron absorption from dietary iron (up to 10mg). also, the effect of the diurnal hepcidin increase on absorption from an iron supplement given in the afternoon without a preceding morning dose is unclear. whether aa also increases iron bioavailability from a supplemental iron dose and whether a cup of coffee, a breakfast or iron administration in the afternoon decreases iron bioavailability from a supplemental dose is uncertain.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female, 18 to 45 years old, * sf levels \<30 μg/l, * body weight \< 70 kg * normal body mass index (18.5-25 kg/m2), * signed informed consent. exclusion criteria: * anemia (hb \< 12 g/dl) * elevated crp \> 5 mg/l, * any metabolic, gastrointestinal, kidney or chronic disease such as diabetes, renal failure, hepatic dysfunction, hepatitis, hypertension, cancer or cardiovascular diseases (according to the participants own statement) affecting iron metabolism, * continuous/long-term use of medication during the whole study, which may interfere with iron absorption, gut physiology and iron metabolism, * consumption of mineral and vitamin supplements since screening and over the study period until last blood sample collection, * difficulties with blood sampling, * blood transfusion, blood donation or significant blood loss (accident, surgery) over the past 6 months, * known hypersensitivity or allergy to iron capsules in the given amount (ferrous fumarate, brilliant blue fcf (e133), titandioxide (e171) and sodium lauryl sulfate) * pregnancy, breastfeeding * women who intend to become pregnant during the course of the study, * known or suspected non-compliance, drug or alcohol (more than 2 drinks/day) abuse, * smokers (\> 1 cigarette per week), * participant is likely to be absent on one the study appointments, * inability to follow the procedures of the study, e.g. due to language problems, self-reported psychological disorders, etc. of the participant.

Keywords: iron supplementation women of reproductive age iron absorption enhancers iron absorption inhibitors ferrous fumarate iron deficiency
microcirculation in dehydrated older patients

Conditions: Dehydration

Summary: this proof-of-concept study examines whether 1) sublingual measurement in dehydrated old patients is feasible, 2) frailty and incompliance in old, awake patients affects video-quality, 3) dehydration impacts microcirculation this prospective observational study includes clinically dehydrated patients aged ≥ 65 years, who have spontaneous circulation and access to the sublingual mucosa, immediately after admission. dehydration will be assessed clinically. a sidestream dark field camera (sdf) will be used for measurement. video-quality will be evaluated with miqs (microcirculation image quality score). both ava 4.3c- and ava poem-software analyzed the videos. seventeen patients ≥ 65 years not showing dehydration served as control.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 65 years old or older * diagnosed with dehydration according to the clinical impression of the treating physician * informed consent * the sublingual mucosa had to be accessible. exclusion criteria: * \<65 years * lacking informed consent * time-critical disease * previous resuscitation * inaccessibility of sublingual area

Keywords: microcirculation dehydration risk stratification
vitamin replacement in abetalipoproteinemia

Conditions: Abetalipoproteinemia

Summary: this study will determine whether short term intravenous infusion of vitamins a and e in patients with abetalipoproteinemia can reverse disease symptoms in these patients. abetalipoproteinemia is an inherited metabolic defect that prevents fat-soluble vitamins, such as a and e, from being absorbed from the intestines into the bloodstream and from being secreted by the liver. the deficiencies of vitamins a and e can result in severe vision impairment and a gait disorder. treatment with megadoses of these vitamins, taken by mouth, may delay or arrest symptoms, but many continue to progress. for this study, a single patient with moderately severe eye and neurological defects will be given essential fatty acids and fat soluble vitamins directly through a vein (intravenously) using fda-approved replacements with a fat emulsion and multivitamins containing fat-soluble vitamins. this route of administration will bypass the digestive tract, where the absorption problem occurs. the infusions will be given twice a week for one month and then weekly for another month. blood tests will be done weekly to measure blood lipids (fatty acids and other substances), cell counts, and vitamin levels. eye and neurological examinations will be done once a month.

fat-soluble vitamins are normally absorbed from the diet through the gastrointestinal tract and incorporated into fat-rich particles called chylomicrons made in the intestinal wall. chylomicrons are secreted by the intestine into the bloodstream. in a rare lipid metabolic disorder called abetalipoproteinemia, a defect in the assembly of the fat and vitamin containing particles prevents the formation of chylomicrons resulting in the malabsorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins. a similar assembly defect of fat and fat-soluble vitamins occurs in the liver and prevents the secretion of these particles. severe fat-soluble vitamin deficiency results even despite mega doses of oral fat-soluble vitamins. clinically, the subjects develop neurologic and ophthalmologic symptoms similar to those in vitamin a and e deficiency. this study is designed to determine whether short-term intravenous fat-soluble vitamins and fat emulsion can reverse the neurologic and ophthalmologic complications of fat-soluble vitamin deficiency based on noninvasive procedures routinely employed in clinical practice.

Eligibility criteria:
none provided - protocol is intended for one patient only.

Keywords: abetalipoproteinemia ataxia retinitis pigmentosa vitamin a vitamin e
feasibility study of biofeedback in dysphagia therapy post stroke

Conditions: Stroke, Acute; Dysphagia, Oropharyngeal

Summary: this study will investigate the feasibility of delivering swallowing therapy using surface electromyography as a means of biofeedback to patients with dysphagia in the acute stroke setting. it will investigate trends in efficacy by comparing biofeedback therapy to usual care. the results will inform future dosing and efficacy studies.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * new diagnosis stroke, new dysphagia, medically stable, adequate trunk strength for videofluoroscopy. exclusion criteria: * severe cognitive impairment, previous dysphagia, previous neurological condition, severe visual impairment
study of sunitinib malate versus sorafenib in patients with inoperable liver cancer

Conditions: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

Summary: the study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of sunitinib (arm a), given at 37.5 mg orally once daily, compared to sorafenib (arm b), given orally at 400 mg twice daily, in patients with inoperable liver cancer. a total number of 1200 patients will be enrolled, 600 on arm a and 600 on arm b. study treatment may be adjusted based on patient tolerance. and will be given until disease progression, occurrence of unacceptable toxicity, or other withdrawal criteria are met. after discontinuation of study treatment, patients will be followed up in order to collect information on further antineoplastic therapy and survival.

this study was terminated on april 22th, 2010, based on a higher incidence of serious adverse events in the sunitinib arm compared to the sorafenib arm, and the fact that sunitinib did not meet the criteria to demonstrate that it was either superior or non-inferior to sorafenib in the survival of patients with advanced hepatocellular cancer. patients on sunitinib who are judged by the investigator as receiving clinical benefit may chose to remain on study and continue treatment with sunitinib until clinical benefit as per the investigator's judgment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * histologically-confirmed diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma * presence of measurable disease by radiographic imaging * child-pugh class a * ecog ps 0 or 1 * adequate organ function. exclusion criteria: * prior treatment with any systemic treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma * prior local treatment within 4 weeks from entry * presence of clinically relevant ascites * severe hemorrhage \<4 weeks of starting study treatment * known hiv or serious acute or chronic illness * current treatment on another clinical trial * pregnancy or breastfeeding

Keywords: sunitinib phase 3 randomized hepatocellular liver
tamoxifen for advanced solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas

Conditions: Pancreatic Neoplasms

Summary: tamoxifen for solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas

solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas (sptp) is a rare neoplasm, predominantly affecting young females, with unclear pathogenesis and hormonal receptor (estrogen/progesterone receptor) expression potentially influencing tumor behavior. while surgical resection is the standard treatment, patients with advanced, metastatic, or recurrent disease lack effective therapies. case reports suggest tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, may improve outcomes in hormone receptor-positive sptp. this trial aims to evaluate tamoxifen's efficacy and safety in advanced sptp.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age 14-80 years. 2. histologically confirmed advanced sptp with er/pr+. 3. advanced disease: * unresectable primary tumor or distant metastasis (liver, lung, peritoneum, etc.). * recurrent or refractory after prior surgery/systemic therapy. 4. ≥1 measurable lesion. 5. ecog performance status 0-2. 6. life expectancy ≥1 month. 7. able to comply with study visits and oral medication. exclusion criteria: 1. non-sptp pathology. 2. active gastrointestinal inflammation/infection (e.g., pancreatitis). 3. pregnancy/lactation. 4. severe organ dysfunction (renal, cardiac, hepatic, or pulmonary). 5. uncontrolled comorbidities (e.g., cns disorders, unstable angina). 6. conditions compromising patient safety or data integrity.

Keywords: solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas malignant advanced recurrence metastasis
the effect of cartoon watching during central venous catheter dressing changes in children with cancer

Conditions: Pain; Anxiety

Summary: many medical interventions, including dressing change of central venous catheters, can cause anxiety and pain in children with cancer. the aim of this study is to determine the effect of cartoon watching technique on anxiety and pain during central venous catheter dressing changes in children with cancer.

this was a parallel randomized controlled trial with 80 children with cancer. they were randomly assigned to one of two groups, including 40 children in the control group and 40 children in the cartoon group. each child's anxiety was evaluated by the child using the children's fear scale before, during and after central venous catheter dressing changes, and each child's pain during and after the procedure was evaluated by the child using the wong-baker faces pain rating scale. each child's heart rate and oxygen saturation were measured with a pulse oximeter device before, during and after the procedure. the children in the cartoon group started watching a cartoon of their choice 2 minutes before the procedure and they kept watching until the procedure was ended. no intervention was performed to reduce anxiety and pain for children in the control group. parent was with their children during the procedure in both groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 5-12 years old * a cancer diagnosis * having a central venous catheter * not having taken any analgesics in the 6 hours before the procedure * not having any visual or auditory problems that prevent watching cartoons * being suitable motor development and cognitive level for watching cartoons * being a child and parent volunteering to participate in the study * the absence of any health problems that prevent communication in the parent and the child exclusion criteria: * the reporting of pain for another reason at the time of the central venous catheter dressing changes * being of neutropenia * being in a terminal phase of the disease

Keywords: anxiety cancer cartoon central venous catheter child pain
to study efficacy and safety of tobradex eye drop suspension vs tobramycin/dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension

Conditions: Blepharo Conjunctivitis

Summary: the objective of the study is to compare and describe efficacy and safety of tobradex ophthalmic suspension versus generic tobramycin/dexamethasone suspension in treatment of blepharoconjuctivitis through clinical parameters

evaluation of signs and symptoms during treatment, with a record of individual scores for each parameter; observation and statistical comparison of drug safety, by recording qualitative and quantitative parameters related to adverse effects occurring during treatment.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all potential subjects with symptomatic blepharitis examined to have blepharitis with healthy mental status, able to give consent, with/without co-existing medical conditions will be considered exclusion criteria: * all subjects with history and/or probable history of allergic reaction to tobramycin/dexamethasone and all subjects who have mental disability and are unable to give direct consent will be excluded
dermatologic research evaluation and monitoring of sleep in moderate-to-severe psoriasis

Conditions: Psoriasis Vulgaris

Summary: getting enough sleep is important for maximizing health and well-being. when it comes to health, sleep is as vital as regular exercise and eating a balanced diet. not getting enough sleep can lead to health problems like heart attacks, diabetes, and even cancer. since individuals with psoriasis have these same health problems, getting better sleep may help to keep them happier and healthier. this study will look at how individuals with psoriasis sleep and if their sleep is different than indivuduals without psoriasis.

a growing body of literature has revealed that individuals with psoriasis are more likely to report sleep disturbance when compared to the general population. the cross-sectional study presented here will allow the investigators to objectively and rigorously measure sleep architecture in psoriasis patients and compare it to healthy controls, if sleep dysfunction is confirmed in this population, then clinical interventions such as screening for sleep disturbance or promoting sleep hygiene could lead to meaningful improvements in patients' health, longevity, and overall quality of life.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients with a diagnosis of moderate to severe plaque type psoriasis confirmed by the principal investigator. moderate to severe psoriasis will be defined as affected bsa ≥3%. healthy controls will be age and sex matched (see below) subjects with no prior or current history of psoriasis. 2. are at least 18 years of age 3. psoriasis has been stable over the last 3 months 4. psoriasis is either untreated or treated only with topicals at the current time (see exclusion criteria for washout times) 5. subjectively reported poor sleep quality using the pittsburg sleep quality index (psqi) (defined as a global score \>5) 6. fluent in english 7. demonstrate understanding of the study and willingness to participate as evidenced by voluntary informed consent exclusion criteria: 1. patients with guttate, erythrodermic, or pustular psoriasis subtypes 2. having a previous diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (osa) or another medically defined sleep disorder or fall into the intermediate or high-risk groups for having osa as calculated by the stop-bang questionnaire 3. subjects who have used the following treatments for psoriasis: phototherapy (uvb) in the last 2 weeks, photochemotherapy (puva) in the last 4 weeks, oral systemic treatments in the last 4 weeks, biologic immunomodulating agents in the last 12 weeks, or have had exposure to any other investigational drug/device within 30 days prior to study entry 4. subjects who have used any over the counter or prescription sleep aids within five half-lives of the agent in question.
oropharyngeal myofunctional therapy in obstructive sleep apnea

Conditions: Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Summary: obstructive sleep apnea (osa) is a prevalent nocturnal breathing disorder among the general population. oropharyngeal myofunctional therapy (omt) is an alternative conservative treatment used to improve osa, associated health problems, and to improve the efficacy and tolerability of cpap. the objective is to determine the effect of omt in the general population with mild-moderate osa. the overall study design will be a randomized controlled clinical trial with parallel groups. both the control group and the intervention group will receive the same indications on the hygienic-dietary measures to be followed. the intervention group will also follow an exercise program based on omt for 20 weeks. the effect on the apnea-hypopnea index and other variables will be determined by means of respiratory polygraphy before and after the intervention.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * acceptance and signature of the informed consent * diagnosis of osa with mild-moderate ahi without criteria for treatment with cpap and/or other treatments (dam). * patients who refused cpap, were not candidates and/or refused dam. * age \> 18 years and \< 70 years exclusion criteria: * craniofacial malformations. severe developmental delay. intellectual disability. * diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease. * limited tongue mobility/presence of ankyloglossia as well as temporo-mandibular joint pathology. * regular use of hypnotic medications * bulbar pathologies * ahi of central origin above 50% of the total sleep time. * obesity grade ii or more. * severe cardiovascular, neuromuscular or pulmonary pathology or chronic domiciliary oxygen use. hypoventilation-obesity syndrome. * refuse to participate in the clinical trial despite fulfilling the inclusion criteria and not presenting any exclusion criteria.

Keywords: oropharyngeal myofunctional therapy obstructive sleep apnea
nordic walking on knee osteoarthritis

Conditions: Osteoarthritis of Knee

Summary: the goal of this randomized clinical trial is to improve osteoarthritis symptoms and quality of life in older people with knee osteoarthritis from a primary care center. the main question it aims to answer is: * to participate in a nordic walking reduces pain measured on womac pain dimension? * to participate in a nordic walking improves mobility measured on womac physical activitiy dimension? researchers will compare pain and physical activity outcomes between intervention and control arm (randomly allocated).

osteoarthritis is one of the clinical circumstances that produces the most disability in terms of disability-adjusted life years (dalys), its main localization is in the knees and hips, the most disabling joints. ten percent of the adult spanish population has knee osteoarthritis , which is accompanied by symptoms of pain, mechanical alterations, stiffness, and decreased functionality, constituting one of the most common causes of disability in older people.. decreased muscle mass and strength of knee extensor-flexor muscles are associated with symptomatic progression of oseoarthritis and lower general health status.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged of 60 years or older * knee osteoarthritis * body mass index less than 35 kg/m2 exclusion criteria: * people who had a knee prostheses * to have any contraindication for physical activity * to have an acute exacerbation of any chronic condition at enrollment

Keywords: knee osteoarthritis quality of life covid-19 exercise therapy nordic walking
remotely administered diet intervention to impact symptom burden in myeloproliferative neoplasm

Conditions: Myeloproliferative Neoplasm

Summary: myeloproliferative neoplasm (mpn) is a chronic blood cancer without cure. the major clinical issues in mpn are 1) an increased risk of blood clots 2) symptoms thought to be driven by chronic inflammation which in some cases can be debilitating and 3) progression to acute leukemia. the current management of mpn focuses on preventing blood clots and relieving symptoms. however, treatments that reduce symptoms such as jak inhibitors are limited to late stage mpn patients and have significant side effects including immunosuppression, reduction in platelets, and increased risk of skin cancer. therefore, low risk interventions are sorely needed for mpn patients that can reduce symptoms. diet represents a low risk way to reduce inflammation, specifically a mediterranean diet has been found to reduce inflammation in cardiovascular disease. there has been a recently completed clinical trial that demonstrated mpn patients can adopt a mediterranean diet if given dietician counseling and curriculum. however, in order to reach a larger group of people a fully remotely administered study is necessary. this is a feasibility study to determine.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥18 with a diagnosis of a philadelphia chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasm (mpn) including essential thrombocythemia (et), polycythemia vera (pv), or myelofibrosis (mf) * has access to the internet and email * mpn-total symptom score (mpn-tss) score of ≥10 on screening survey * mediterranean adherence score of ≤10 on screening survey * english fluency (intervention requires conversations with study staff) * in the opinion of the study team is amenable to changing one's diet exclusion criteria: * pregnant or planning to become pregnant over the course of the study * has food allergies, intolerances, or other dietary restrictions which would severely limit changes to their diet toward a mediterranean style diet (such as allergies to all tree nuts or olive oil)
use of varenicline for 4-weeks prior to quitting

Conditions: Tobacco Dependence; Smoking Cessation

Summary: varenicline (champix) is a relatively new medicine that is effective in helping people to quit smoking. it is normally started 1-week before stopping smoking and used for up to 12-24 weeks. we are trying to find out if using varenicline for an extended time (4-weeks) before stopping smoking is better than the standard 1-week of use prior to stopping. the study will recruit 100 smokers who want to stop. they will be randomly allocated to receive varenicline(4-weeks) or placebo (3-weeks followed by 1-week of active treatment as indicated by standard prescribing practice), followed by a 12-week open label treatment period where all participants will receive varenicline.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * smokers seeking treatment * aged 18 and over * consenting to take part in the trial exclusion criteria: * pregnant or breastfeeding * end-stage renal disease * used varenicline in the past 6 months * unable to fill in questionnaires in english * current psychiatric illness * current serious illness including uncontrolled hypertension and recent cardiac event * sensitivity to varenicline currently enrolled in other research projects.

Keywords: smoking cessation tobacco dependence varenicline preloading