Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
determination of glycemic index and glycemic load of selected melon varieties in healthy adults

Conditions: Glycemic Index; Glycemic Load

Summary: this crossover study aims to determine and compare the glycemic index (gi) and glycemic load (gl) of different melon varieties in healthy adults. using glucose as the reference food, participants will consume test portions of each melon variety containing equivalent amounts of available carbohydrates.

this crossover study aims to determine and compare the glycemic index (gi) and glycemic load (gl) of different melon varieties in healthy adults. using glucose as the reference food, participants will consume test portions of each melon variety containing equivalent amounts of available carbohydrates. blood glucose levels will be monitored at regular intervals over a 2-hour period. the glycemic response will be used to calculate gi and gl values for each melon type. the study is intended to inform dietary recommendations for blood glucose management.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1) healthy males and females aged 18-50 years. 2) body mass index (bmi) :normal bmi (18-24.9) 3) willingness to follow dietary instructions and attend all testing sessions * exclusion criteria: 1. individuals with known metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes, metabolic syndrome). 2. use of medications or supplements affecting blood glucose. 3. allergy or intolerance to melon or glucose solutions. 4. not able to co ordinate

Keywords: glycemic load
homologous recombination deficiency in chinese ovarian cancer patients

Conditions: Ovarian Cancer; HRD; PARP Inhibitor

Summary: homologous recombination deficiency (hrd) is an important molecular biomarker for poly (adp-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (parpi) which is a significant progress in the treatment of ovarian cancer. however, the proportion of hrd positive in real world and relationship of hrd status with parpi in chinese ovarian cancer patients remains unknown.

this study intends to perform hrd testing of ovarian cancer in real world from china and correlate hrd status and clinical characteristics with therapeutic outcomes.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. subjects join the study voluntarily and sign informed consent; 2. female subjects are older than 18 years; 3. ecog(eastern cooperative oncology group) physical status score is 0-2; 4. life expectancy≥3 months; 5. histologically confirmed figo(international federation of gynecology and obstetrics ) iii/iv ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, or primary peritoneal cancer; participants must have high-grade serous or endometrioid histology; 6. patients received parp inhibitor as maintenance therapy or monotherapy for more than four weeks. exclusion criteria: 1. personnel involved in the formulation or implementation of the research plan; 2. patient participated in other clinical trails using other experimental drugs at the same time as the study; 3. the subjects had other malignant diseases in past 2 years, except skin squamous cell carcinoma, basal-like carcinoma, breast intraductal carcinoma in situ, or cervical carcinoma in situ; 4. previous or currently diagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome (mds) or acute myeloid leukemia (aml); 5. patients who are pregnant or lactation, or who plan to become pregnant during study treatment.

Keywords: ovarian caner, hrd, parp inhibitor
a study to learn about the medicine (called elranatamab) in people with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma

Conditions: Multiple Myeloma

Summary: this study is to understand how well elranatamab (pf-06863135) may be used for relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (rrmm). sometimes mm might improve at first, but then gets resistant to the treatment and starts growing again (known as relapsed refractory). this study medicine will be compared with standard-of-care (soc) therapies used in real-world clinical practice. for people receiving elranatamab, we will use data from the phase 2 clinical trial (magnetismm-3). we will also use data from two real-world databases, representing the soc in clinical practice. this study does not seek any participants for enrollment. we will compare the experiences of people receiving elranatamab to people receiving soc therapies. this way, it will help us to know how well elranatamab can be used for rrmm treatment.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * aged 18 years and older at index date * diagnosis of mm * measurable disease according to imwg criteria * ecog performance status ≤2 * refractory to at least 1 proteasome inhibitor, 1 immunomodulatory drug, and 1 anti-cd38 treatment (ie, triple-class refractory \[tcr\]) * at least 1 treatment following their tcr eligibility exclusion criteria: * acute plasma cell leukemia * amyloidosis * smoldering mm * stem cell transplant within 12 weeks of index or active graft versus host disease (gvhd) * active malignancy within 3 years before index, except for basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer or carcinoma in situ * administration with an investigational drug within 30 days prior to index

Keywords: myeloma multiple myeloma relapsed multiple myeloma refractory multiple myeloma pf-06863135 bcma bispecific bispecific antibody bcma-cd3 bispecific elranatamab magnetismm-3
comparing glycaemic benefits of active versus passive lifestyle intervention in kidney allograft recipients

Conditions: Post Transplantation Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Transplantation of Kidney

Summary: post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (ptdm) is a common medical complication after kidney transplantation, related to both transplant-specific and generic risk factors, and is associated with major complications after transplantation. the current ptdm consensus report recommends lifestyle modification (e.g. weight loss, dietary modification, structured exercise program) as the first line therapy of choice. no recommendation is given with regards to how such guidance should be delivered. in addition no clinical evidence exists to suggest lifestyle modification provides any sustained glycaemic benefits for kidney allograft recipients. while in the general population the benefits of lifestyle modification have been well documented with regards to attenuation of both pre-diabetic and diabetic states in the context of randomised controlled trials, no similar level of evidence exists post kidney transplantation. this prospective randomised controlled trial is designed to compare active versus passive lifestyle intervention post kidney transplantation, to determine changes in cardio-metabolic risk profile over the course of the intervention.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age\>18, kidney allograft only, functioning allograft (not on dialysis), 3-24 months post-transplant exclusion criteria: * organ transplant recipient, pre-existing diabetes, pregnancy

Keywords: ptdm kidney transplant lifestyle intervention diet exercise
incidence and clinical burden of erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness - a retrospective database analysis

Conditions: Chronic Kidney Disease

Summary: this study consists of two phases. the purpose of phase 1 is to identify incidence and patterns of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (esa) hyporesponsiveness and its associated factors in esa treated patients. the purpose of phase 2 to identify outcomes associated with esa hyporesponsiveness. key aspects of the phase 2 study design will entirely depend on the results from phase 1.

this is a retrospective database analysis of patients with anemia associated with chronic kidney disease (ckd) treated with esas from january 1st 2015 - december 31st 2021. data will be derived from european clinical database (euclid).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: all patients * patient has a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease valid between january 1st, 2015, and december 31st, 2021 and is documented in the euclid database (incident and prevalent patients) * patient who is treated with renal replacement therapy (rrt) (ckd stage 5) during the study period * patient receiving erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (esa) therapy, within the data collection period having euclid data available for a period of the previous 30 days before index date but not strictly limited to patients that enter the study period as esa naïve patients * patient having provided consent for secondary use of their data for research purposes * patient has a known esa administration route (intravenous/subcutaneous) * patient with a hemoglobin value available at baseline (+/- 20 days allowed) and at least one valid hemoglobin value afterwards * patient having at least one body weight value available hyporesponsive cohort * patients meeting the hyporesponsive criteria on at least one occasion. the criteria for esa hyporesponsive will follow the national institute for health and care excellence, uk (nice) guidelines: * for epoetin alfa, 300 iu/kg/week or more of subcutaneous epoetin or 450 iu/kg/week or more of intravenous epoetin * for darbepoetin, dose ≥ 1.5 μg/kg per week responsive cohort * patients with all esa doses lower than those defined by the hyporesponsive criteria exclusion criteria: * patient with evidence of hereditary hemolytic anemia (international classification of diseases 10th revision \[icd-10\] code d58.9) * patient receiving transplant within 6 months prior to index date

Keywords: chronic kidney disease euclid erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness
molar incisor hypomineralization and hypomineralized second primary molars

Conditions: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization

Summary: molar and incisor hypomineralization (mih) is a qualitative developmental defect of the dental enamel with a multifactorial aetiology defined in 2001 as an "hypomineralization of systemic origin affecting one or more permanent molars, usually first permanent molars (fpms) with or without the involvement of one or more affected permanent incisors". due to its porous structure with an altered prism organization and an increased content of proteins, the hypomineralized enamel has reduced mechanical properties and a lower refractive index in comparison to the sound enamel. mih is associated to a large number of objective and subjective problems as an altered aesthetics, an increased risk of plaque accumulation, caries and/or post-eruptive breakdown, reduced retention rates of adhesive materials, hypersensitivity and difficulty in anesthetizing the affected teeth that make its management a challenging condition. mih is a very widespread pathology with a worldwide prevalence ranging from 2.8 to 44% and a global average prevalence of 13.1% with significant geographical differences. in 2015, the number of global prevalent cases was estimated at 878 million people with a percentage of needing-care cases of 27.4% (in mean 240 million prevalent cases). in europe, mih prevalence rates between 3.6 to 25%. regarding italy, a limited number of prevalence studies are available. recently, literature reports that the presence of mih-like lesions in primary dentition, especially on second primary molars, may be a predictive factor for developing mih in permanent dentition. however, the absence of this defect called hypomineralized second primary molars (hspm) does not rule out mih development. the early diagnosis of hspm is very useful to early diagnose mih and reduce its care burden. the reported hspm global prevalence rate ranges from 0 to 21.8% with a global average about 7.88%. mih and hspm are both very widespread pathologies affecting an increasing number of children worldwide and represent a significant problem in pediatric dentistry. the aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of mih in italian (trieste), spanish (huesca, zaragoza) and turkish (istanbul) children. the hypothesis is that the estimated prevalence of mih may be in line with that reported in literature and that the presence of hspm in primary dentition may be associated with mih development in permanent dentition.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: 6-16 years; * signature of the informed consent to the study by patients' parents or by their legal guardians exclusion criteria: * fluorosis, white spots, amelogenesis imperfecta, hypoplasia or other dental enamel defects in differential diagnosis with mih and hspm; * patients not sufficiently cooperative; * children with orthodontic devices hiding the teeth to consider

Keywords: molar incisor hypomineralization (mih) hypomineralized second primary molars (hspm) prevalence
biomarker-enhanced ed disposition decisions

Conditions: Non-specific Complaints

Summary: patients presenting to emergency departments (ed) with non-specific complaints (nsc) such as "not feeling well", "feeling weak", "being tired", "general deterioration" are a very common and well-known, but poorly studied patient group. the differential diagnosis of nsc is extremely broad ranging from insufficient home care to acute life-threatening conditions. therefore, the evaluation and diagnostic work-up of these mostly elderly patients with nsc is very time-consuming and not straight-forward. furthermore, the assessment is complicated by comorbidities, polypharmacy or an altered mental status. for this reason, potentially unnecessary diagnostic efforts are undertaken in order to exclude a serious underlying condition, leading to prolonged throughput times and ed observation unit stays. on the other hand, the patients' condition might be underestimated by ed physicians, which may result in ineffective, delayed or inadequate disposition, as well as poor patient outcomes. banc (formerly baucas) is a series of clinical studies with the intention to investigate the usefulness of clinical findings and biomarker levels combined for disposition of patients with non-specific complaints presenting to the emergency department.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all adult non-trauma patients with an emergency severity index (esi) of 2 or 3 are screened for inclusion exclusion criteria: * patients with specific chief complaints are excluded. moreover, patients in whom an unambiguous and clear working hypothesis with logical management steps can be established are excluded

Keywords: chief complaint non-specific symptoms general weakness / general deterioration risk assessment in ed patients with non-specific symptoms
an algorithmic approach to ventilator withdrawal at the end of life

Conditions: Critical Care; Palliative Care

Summary: the proposed study is an important, under-investigated area of icu care for terminally ill patients undergoing terminal ventilator withdrawal. the proposed research has relevance to public health because an algorithmic approach to the ventilator withdrawal process will enhance clinicians' ability to conduct the process while assuring patient comfort, using opioids and/or benzodiazepines effectively.

terminal ventilator withdrawal is a process that entails the cessation of mechanical ventilatory support with patients who are unable to sustain spontaneous breathing and is commonly performed in the icu. ventilator withdrawal is undertaken to allow a natural death. opioids and/or benzodiazepines are administered before, during, and after as an integral component of the ventilator withdrawal process to prevent or relieve respiratory distress, but there are few guidelines to determine how much to administer or when. insufficient opioid and/or benzodiazepine administration places the patient at risk for unrelieved respiratory distress and preventable suffering. conversely, excessive medication administration may hasten death, an unintended consequence, and one that concerns clinicians. the effective doses of medications given during ventilator withdrawal are unknown. the investigators hypothesize that an algorithmic approach to ventilator withdrawal, relying on a biobehavioral instrument to measure and trend distress, will ensure patient comfort, and guide effective opioid and/or benzodiazepine administration. the investigators plan to use a stepped wedge cluster randomized controlled trial with all clusters providing unstructured usual care until each cluster is randomized to implement the algorithmic approach (intervention). the proposed study is innovative because there is no standardized, evidence-based approach guided by an objective measure of respiratory distress to this common icu procedure. the study has broad clinical significance to provide knowledge that can potentially reduce patient suffering.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients undergoing ventilator withdrawal exclusion criteria: * patients who are conscious and cognitively intact * patients who will undergo organ donation after ventilator withdrawal * patients who are brain dead * patients with bulbar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis * patients with c-1 to c-4 quadriplegia * patients with locked-in syndrome
mechanical ventilation, directed by esophageal pressure measurements, in patients with acute lung injury

Conditions: Acute Lung Injury; Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Summary: the purpose of this study is to see whether esophageal pressure (pes) measurements will allow the investigators to choose the best method of mechanical ventilation in patients with acute lung injury (ali).

the current standard of practice for ventilating patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) is the ardsnet protocol (n engl j med 2000; 342:1301-1308) which has been shown to improve survival by limiting tidal volumes and thus preventing over distention of the lungs. however, the lungs can also be damaged by under-inflation during mechanical ventilation, and current practice ignores the effects of chest wall compression of the lungs, which can cause under-inflation. the investigators have observed that a fraction of critically ill patients with apparent ards have lung function abnormalities caused by extrinsic compression which can be estimated by pes measurements. changing ventilator settings to apply normal physiological pressure to the lung has been beneficial in many such patients. this protocol will formally test the clinical utility of pes measurements in patients with ards. this is a randomized controlled trial of therapy directed by esophageal balloon measurements (pes) versus therapy directed by ardsnet protocol, the current standard of care.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: patients with ali/ards according to the international consensus conference criteria: * pao2/fio2 ratio \< 300 * acute onset * bilateral infiltrates on chest radiography * paop \< 18 or, in patients without a pulmonary artery catheter, no other evidence of abnormal cardiac function exclusion criteria: * patients with esophageal varices * patients with esophageal trauma * patients with recent esophageal surgery * patients with coagulopathy (platelets \ 2 ) * post transplant patients * patients with significant broncho-pleural fistula

Keywords: acute lung injury acute respiratory distress syndrome mechanical ventilation esophageal pressures randomized controlled trial
evaluation of human brain tumor therapy response by magnetic resonance (mr)

Conditions: Brain Tumors

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if new mri methods that measure various information and chemical makeup in the brain, will give early information regarding response to treatment in patients with brain tumors.

the purpose of this study is to see if new mri methods which measure information related to water, blood flow, and chemical makeup in the brain, can give early information of how well treatment is working in patients with brain tumors.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients over the age of 18 who have been diagnosed with a brain tumor of the central nervous system and a treatment plan has been discussed. * must be willing/able to undergo 3-5 mri scans with iv contrast. * you can take part in this study if you are not afraid of small, enclosed places. exclusion criteria: * a patient who is claustrophobic. * females who are pregnant or lactating. * patients who have electrically, magnetically or mechanically activated implants such as heart pacemaker, magnetic surgical clips, prosthesis or or implanted neurological stimulator. * any patient who has a history of allergic reactions to mr contrast agent (omniscan, magnevist, multihance) * patients who require general anesthesia to complete mri exam or patients who have had a negative reaction to mri sedation. (chloral hydrate, pentobarbital or versed) * you should not have any metals, or implanted devices in your body (such as aneurysm clips, pacemakers, or artificial joints or limbs.). you will need to tell us about your medical history including any surgeries you have had. also, if your job or any other experience might have left metal fragments in your body, please let us know, as the mri has a strong magnetic field could move a metal fragment in your body or interfere with an implanted device, such as a pacemaker, causing you harm.
modulation of cognitive control by transcranial direct current stimulation

Conditions: Major Depression

Summary: insufficient cognitive control over emotional distracters is characteristic for major depressive disorder (mdd). hypoactivation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlpfc) is associated with this deficit. in this study the investigators assess the effect of an enhancement of dlpfc activity in mdd patients by anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs) on cognitive control. in a double-blinded, balanced randomized, sham-controlled crossover trial the investigators determine the effect of a single-session tdcs to the left dlpfc on cognitive control in mdd patients and healthy controls. to assess the cognitive control the investigators use a delayed response working memory (dwm) task with pictures of varying valence presented during the delay period.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age \> 18 * informed consent * in the patients group: major depressive disorder, no antidepressant medication or stability over 1 week exclusion criteria: * seizures * cardiac pacemaker * deep brain stimulation