co2 inhalation and risk for panic disorder

Conditions: Panic Disorder

Summary: objective: to examine respiratory/physiological and subjective responding as well as genetic transmission among offspring of parents with a history of or current panic disorder (pd) diagnosis to determine whether diagnoses/symptoms, endophenotypes, or genetic profiles in offspring is differentially related to parent pd subtypes (i.e., respiratory and non-respiratory panic). study population: approximately 400 offspring of about 200 parents with current or past pd. approximately 200 offsping/100 parents with pd will be enrolled at nih/nimh and the remainder at virginia commonwealth university in richmond, va. design: a high-risk family design will be used wherein parents with either a current or past diagnosis of pd who have an offspring(s) (ages 9 to 20) will be recruited. \ outcome measures: outcome measures will include physiological recordings of respiratory, cardiac, and electrodermal responding during a 10 minute baseline followed by 15 minutes of 5% carbon dioxide enriched air (co2). research participants also will complete parent and child self-report measures and provide a dna sample using a saliva protocol. a full listing of self-reports is provided in the outcome measures section.

objective: the objective of this study is to examine respiratory/physiological and subjective responding as well as genetic transmission among offspring of parents with a history of or current panic disorder (pd) diagnosis. our goal is to determine whether diagnoses/symptoms, endophenotypes, or genetic profiles in offspring is differentially related to parent pd subtypes (i.e., respiratory and non-respiratory panic). study population: approximately 80 offspring between the ages of 9 and 20 years of age who have a parent with a current or past history of pd will be recruited. approximately 40 offspring will be enrolled at nih/nimh and the remainder at virginia commonwealth university in richmond, va. design: offspring(s) between the ages of 9 to 20 who have a parent with a history of pd will be recruited. a complete psychiatric history will be obtained on all child participants. child participants also will complete questionnaire measures, provide a sample of dna, and participate in a carbon dioxide co(2) lab challenge. the co(2) lab challenge is the primary outcome measure. outcome measures: our primary outcome measures include physiological recordings of respiratory, cardiac, and electrodermal responding during a 10 minute baseline followed by 15 minutes of 5% carbon dioxide enriched air (co(2). research participants also will complete parent and child self-report measures and provide a dna sample using a saliva protocol. a full listing of self-reports is provided in the outcome measures section.

Eligibility criteria:
* inclusion criteria: * children age 9-18, and young adults 18-20 who have a parent with a past or current history of pd. exclusion criteria (all participants): * serious, unstable illnesses including hepatic, renal, gastroenterologic, respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrinologic, neurologic, immunologic, or hematologic disease, one or more past seizures without a clear and resolved etiology, * subjects who are currently at high risk for homicide or suicide, * subjects with symptoms of psychosis * subjects with current dsm-iv substance abuse or dependence within the past year. * subjects with iq\<70, additional exclusion criteria for children: * mania, * pervasive developmental disorder, * use of psychotropic medication, * child participants must be psychotropic free for at least 14 days prior to the co(2) challenge session. * for children taking fluoxetine, they must be free of this medication for at least 4 weeks. * the proband parent must be a legal guardian of the child to qualify for the study. offspring passing screening criteria will be scheduled for an intake to complete a clinical interview, questionnaires, and co(2) challenge task with assessment of respiratory physiology.

Keywords: panic disorder separation anxiety familial risk respiratory physiology