Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
immunomodulators on hiv-1 reservoir

Conditions: HIV Infections

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to learn about the function of immunomodulators in reducing hiv reservoir. the main questions it aims to answer are: * are immunomodulators able to reduce hiv reservoirs? * how do immunomodulators reduce hiv reservoirs? participants will be randomly and equally divided into three groups, one control group and two trial groups. all three groups will continue to receive antiretroviral therapy. the two experimental groups will additionally be given different immunomodulators lenalidomide and adenosylmethionine, respectively. the effectiveness of immunomodulatory agents in reducing viral reservoirs will be explored by comparing relevant indicators in the three groups.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men and women age ≥ 18 and ≤ 65 years. * hiv-1 infection, confirmed by any licensed rapid hiv test and then a licensed western blot. * virologic suppression defined as hiv-1 rna level below the limit of quantification prior to study entry. * cd4+ t cell count \> 200 cells/mm3 prior to study entry. * ability and willingness of participant or legal representative to provide written informed consent and attend study visits as scheduled at a participating site. willingness of participant to accept the side effects of drugs. * all participants of reproductive potential, who are participating in sexual activity that could lead to pregnancy, must agree to use at least one reliable method of contraception from 4 weeks before the start of the study to 4 weeks after the end of the study. exclusion criteria: * breastfeeding or pregnancy, or planned pregnancy during the study. * poor treatment adherence. * use of immunomodulators or systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy ≤ 6 months prior to study entry. * any current diagnosis or past history of a significant cardiovascular, respiratory, hepatic, gastrointestinal, endocrine, hematological, neurological, neuropsychiatric, psychiatric, or other serious illness. the following laboratory values obtained prior to entry: * absolute neutrophil count (anc) ≤ 1000/mm3 * platelets ≤ 75,000/mm3 * known allergy/sensitivity or any hypersensitivity to components of study drug or their formulation. * unwilling to provide written informed consent.
minocycline as an adjunctive therapy for schizophrenia: a randomized controlled study

Conditions: Schizophrenia

Summary: double - blind, randomized, single centered study. the purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of minocycline vs. placebo, added to atypical antipsychotic medications, for positive symptoms in adults suffering from schizophrenia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * men and women 20-65 years of age. * primary dsm-iv diagnosis of schizophrenia based on scid for schizophrenia and confirmed by two senior psychiatrists. * patients who scored "moderate" (4) or higher on at least three of seven positive items in panss * initiated on treatment with atypical anti-psychotic medication. * capable and willing to provide informed consent * able to adhere to the treatment schedule * able to read, hear, write and speak the local language. * has signed a written informed consent to participate in the study exclusion criteria: * patients with acute, unstable, significant, or untreated medical illness besides schizophrenia including alcohol and drug dependence, or depression. * current suicidal ideation or history of a suicide attempt in the past 3 years * known or suspected pregnancy or women of childbearing potential and not using a medically accepted form of contraception when engaging in sexual intercourse. or women who are breastfeeding * subjects who were taking a known contraindication to minocycline treatment. * subjects who had received treatment with minocycline or β-lactam antibiotics in the preceding half year before study entry. * subjects who were under compulsory hospitalization.
silver diamine fluoride treatment of active root caries lesions in older adults: a case series

Conditions: Root Caries

Summary: the authors conducted a case series to determine the outcomes of treatment of root surface caries lesions when the teeth were treated topically with 38% silver diamine fluoride.

the study is a prospective, single center case series. the cases were consecutive. participation was offered to every patient who qualified based on age and the presence of an active lesion in a root surfaces, in a furcation, or under an individual crown or crown abutment for a fixed prosthesis. the study was conducted at the dental clinic of the roseman college of dental medicine in south jordan, utah. the university of california, san francisco protocol for applying topical silver diamine fluoride was adapted for use with these patients. lesions were flushed with water and then dried with compressed air, isolated with cotton rolls, and then 38% silver diamine fluoride (advantage arrest, elevate oral care, west palm beach, fl) was applied repeatedly for two minutes with the manufacturer supplied dental applicator. the silver diamine fluoride was stored under the manufacturer's recommended conditions. if the patient complained about the taste, the lesion was coated with sodium fluoride varnish. all of the lesions were reevaluated for dental caries lesion activity about every six months and retreated regardless of their arrest status. follow-up was for 30 months or until loss to follow-up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * at least 1 active root surface caries lesion by nyvad criteria exclusion criteria: * none
dynamic mri and quantitative mr csf flow studies in craniovertebral junction anomalies

Conditions: Chiari Malformations

Summary: the purpose of this study is to decide which position of the neck affects cerebral spinal fluid (csf) flow between the spinal cord and the brain. csf is a fluid that flows up and down your spinal cord, around the brain and into the ventricles of the brain. this study will be done with patients who have abnormalities of the neck, including chiari 1 malformations.

in this study, subjects will have a dynamic cervical magnetic resonance imaging (mri) of the craniovertebral junction (cvj) coupled with csf flow studies. the studies will assess changes in csf flow velocities that are associated with with changing position of the neck at the cvj and aqueduct of sylvius. eligible patients include those with chiari 1 malformations and similar malformations to the cvj. this malformation lead to inherent instability in this region and symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, neck pain and other neurological problems. this study will determine if there is any correlation of these mri findings to clinical outcome.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * healthy volunteers must be 18 yrs of age or older. * patients w/chiari 1 or cvj malformations aged 12 yrs or older, * able to cooperate in flexing and extending their neck within the cervical spine coil used for mr imaging. * pediatric patients will be included only if they can cooperate for additional sequences done for the study who don't require sedation or any form of anesthesia. exclusion criteria: * patients who are medically unstable or cannot voluntarily flex or extend their necks. * patients who have hardware in the head or necks which are incompatible with mr imaging. * patient requiring any form of sedation which can lead to compromise of the airway with maneuvers described above. * history of prior head trauma or history of neurological conditions which can result in altered csf dynamics.

Keywords: cvj malformations
meditoxin® treatment in subjects with post-stroke upper limb spasticity

Conditions: Spasticity, Muscle

Summary: this study is "a prospective, multi-center, single arm, open-label, phase iv clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of meditoxin® in treatment of post stroke upper limb spasticity".


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. male or female over 20 years. 2. subjects that was diagnosed with stroke at least 1 month before participating in the clinical trial. 3. subjects with mas score of ≥2 for local muscle spasticity of wrist flexor. exclusion criteria: 1. subjects with generalized neuromuscular junction disorder (ex: myasthenia gravis, lambert-eaton syndrome, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, etc.). 2. subjects with fixed joint, muscle contracture, or atrophy in the treatment area. 3. subjects with botulinum toxin treatment within 3 months before administration of the investigational product. 4. known immunization or hypersensitivity to any botulinum toxin preparations. 5. subjects who have recieved the following treatments within 4 weeks from screening: muscle relaxants, benzodiazepines, aminoglycosides, other antibiotics, anticholinergics
a trial to reduce pneumonia in nursing home residents

Conditions: Pneumonia; Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

Summary: the purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of an enhanced oral hygiene protocol in preventing pneumonia among nursing home residents.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * long term care resident of nursing home * residents age \>65 * residents of nursing home for at least one month * residents having at least one of two modifiable risk factors for pneumonia (i.e., impaired oral hygiene, swallowing difficulty) exclusion criteria: * residents housed in nursing home for short term rehabilitation * residents who receive nourishment by tube feeding * residents who have a life expectancy \< 3 months * residents who have been diagnosed with pneumonia within the previous 6 weeks * residents who are currently using oral chlorhexidine * residents who have previously been enrolled in the study * residents, or their designated proxies, who are unwilling to give informed consent * residents who have tracheostomy * residents who are non-english speaking * residents who the administrator leadership of the home felt were not appropriate for the study

Keywords: pneumonia lower respiratory tract infection lower respiratory tract infection other than pneumonia
numask versus traditional mask ventilation during routine care

Conditions: Apnea

Summary: the direct objective of this study is to determine whether an experienced provider can more adequately and/or easily ventilate an anesthetized patient with the numask device as compared to traditional bag-valve-mask ventilation. these are approved masks, being used in the patients routine care. the researchers believe that mean tidal volumes obtained by experienced providers when manually ventilating anesthetized patients with the numask device will be larger than when using the traditional bag-valve-mask.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 44 adults total * asa status i-iii * aged 18-64 * elective surgery at the university of utah under general anesthesia * bearded, bmi \>35 or edentulous exclusion criteria: * asa iv or higher * oropharyngeal or facial pathology * risk of aspiration (defined by need for rapid sequence intubation, uncontrolled gastroesophageal reflux disease) * known and/or documented difficulty placing an endotracheal tube in the past * limited neck extension or flexion * personal or familial history of malignant hyperthermia * known or predicted severe respiratory disease or compromise * pregnancy
comparison of safety and efficacy of tizanidine hydrochloride capsules versus zanaflex® (tizanidine hydrochloride tablets) taken while in the fed state (just after a meal) and in the fasted state (before a meal) in patients with moderate to severe spasticity.

Conditions: Multiple Sclerosis; Muscle Spasticity; Spinal Cord Injury; Stroke

Summary: this study is being conducted to compare the impact of somnolence (sleepiness) on cognition (awareness) as well as the safety and effectiveness of tizanidine hydrochloride capsules versus zanaflex® (tizanidine hydrochloride tablets) taken while in the fed state (just after a meal) and in the fasted state (before a meal) in patients with moderate to severe spasticity.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * irb approved icf must be signed and dated by patient or patient's legal representative * male or female 18 years of age or older * clinical diagnosis of established spasticity (at least 3 months) secondary to multiple sclerosis, stroke, or spinal cord injury * currently on stable dose of up to 36mg of zanaflex * must be able to swallow tablets or capsules whole exclusion criteria: * patients with dementia, aphasia, or other deficits in cognition * unwilling or unable to complete cognition test or daily diary * known sensitivity to zanaflex * taking zanaflex on an as needed ("prn") basis * currently being treated with drugs having significant effects at the alpha2 receptors whether agonist (i.e., clonidine, methyldopa) or antagonist (i.e., phenothiazines, imipramine) * currently on any other muscle relaxant or any drugs having muscle relaxant properties (including baclofen, dantrolene, diazepam and other benzodiazepines, tranquilizers, narcotic analgesics, high dose neuroleptics, chlormezanone, meprobamate, methocarbamol, orphenadrine, carisoprodol, gabapentin and clonidine * taking any over-the-counter or prescription sleep aids within 30 days prior to screening * use of illegal drugs or legal drugs for recreational purposes or excessive use of alcohol * patients suffering from disabling, symptomatic hypotension (i.e., syncope) * patients having any systemic disease such as renal insufficiency, clinically relevant elevations in hepatic transaminase, severe, uncontrolled systemic hypertension * any clinically significant illnesses, within four weeks of screening * patients with known sleep disorders * patients who participated in a clinical trial within thiry days prior to screening * women of childbearing potential who are pregnant, have a positive serum pregnancy test, lactating, or do not or will not take adequate contraceptive precautions for the duration of trial

Keywords: spasticity spasticity secondary to multiple sclerosis spinal cord injury stroke
ultrasound guided subcostal transversus abdominis plane versus paravertebral block in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Conditions: Cholecystitis

Summary: the investigators aimed to compare the effects of perioperative anesthesia consumption of ultrasound guided subcostal transversus abdominis plane and paravertebral block in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

fifty patients aged 18 - 65 years, american society of anesthesiologists (asa) i-ii-iii, scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled into the study. patients were allocated into two groups to receive ultrasound guided subcostal transversus abdominis plane block (group t, n=25) or ultrasound guided paravertebral block (group p, n=25). in all patients; anesthesia was induced with iv propofol (2 mg.kg-1) and maintained with total intravenous anesthesia (tiva) in a mixture of 50 % nitrous oxide and 50 % oxygen with a total gas flow rate of 4 l min-1. neuromuscular relaxation was induced with iv rocuronium (0.5 mg.kg-1). propofol (2 mg / cc, 2-4 mg / kg / h) and remifentanil (13.3 mcg / cc, 1-3 mcg / kg / h) combination was used in tiva. propofol and remifentanil rates increased or reduced according to the patient's hemodynamic response. prior to start surgery, ultrasound guided subcostal transversus abdominis plane or paravertebral block was performed in patients . blood pressure, heart rate and peripheral oxygen saturation,tiva consumption of 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 min were recorded for all patients.before the end of surgery, tramadol was administered (2 mg / kg) for all patients. all patients were evaluated at postoperative 2th, 4th, 8th, 12th, 24th hours with; operation time, heart rate, blood pressure, peripheral oxygen saturation, visual pain scores (vas), analgesic consumption, complications (hypotension, anaphylaxis, hematoma, iv injection, intra-abdominal organ injury, pneumothorax ) and patient satisfaction status were recorded. in the postoperative period if there is additional analgesic requirements (vas≥4) tramadol 2 mg.kg-1 was administered as iv. the first hour is needed analgesia were recorded.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * between 18-65 years of age, * asa i-ii-iii * laparoscopic cholecystectomy to be applied exclusion criteria: * patient refusal * mental and psychiatric disorders, * allergy history of the drug to be used, * kyphoscoliotic anatomical disorder * patients with coagulopathies
sparsity-based magnetic resonance imaging of cardiac arrhythmias

Conditions: Cardiac Arrythmias

Summary: the primary purpose of this study is to improve the quality of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with heart arrhythmia. investigators will recruit 105 patients with arrhythmia and 30 control volunteers over 3 years and will use two arrhythmia-tolerant imaging methods for diagnosis.

in the proposed research, investigators will extend conventional cardiac magnetic resonance methods to enable the creation of high-quality cine cmr images in the presence of multiple kinds of arrhythmia. two arrhythmia-tolerant imaging methods will be adopted, which are particularly useful in arrhythmia: 1) 3d imaging, which is useful for many purposes, including "road mapping" of electrophysiology (ep) procedures, and 2) late gadolinium enhancement (lge), which is useful for delineating abnormal myocardium, including fibrotic regions that can serve as sources of arrhythmias.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria for arrhythmia patients: * patients diagnosed with heart arrhythmia scheduled for routine clinical mri examinations). * patients scheduled for routine clinical mri examinations who do not have a specific known diagnosis of arrhythmia, but who may be found to have image degradation due to arrhythmia during the cmr examination. inclusion criteria for controls: * no history of heart arrhythmia. exclusion criteria for patients and controls: * hemodynamic instability. * contraindications for mri examinations (e.g., pacemakers or ferromagnetic vascular clips). * history of prior cardiovascular disease or significant risk factors: * diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and hyperlipidemia, etc.
comparison of neo-adjuvant weekly paclitaxel with or without carboplatin in early breast cancer

Conditions: Breast Cancer

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine whether neo-adjuvant weekly paclitaxel with carboplatin is better than paclitaxel alone in efficiency and safety in early breast cancer, and to explore whether ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging can predict the efficiency of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * female patients between 18 and 65 years old * pathological diagnosed invasive breast cancer; medium and high risk primary breast cancer according to st. gallen 2007 * able and willing to give consent to participate in the study exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating females * previous treatment for breast cancer * other tumor history * instable complication (e.g., myocardial infarction within 6 months, arrhythmia, unstable diabetes, hypercalcemia) or uncontrolled infection * allergy history to similar drugs * concurrent disease or condition that would make the patient inappropriate for study participation * resist to participate in the study
popliteal block for lower limb angioplasty

Conditions: Angioplasty; Anaesthesia and Analgesia

Summary: endovascular revascularization is an effective procedure in treatment of chronic critical limb ischemia. the less invasive procedure in high risk patients produce the benefit to the patients. however, some of the patients cannot tolerate local anaesthesia. these patients need sedation or even general anaesthesia, which increase unnecessary risk to the patients. this study is conducted to evaluate the benefit of popliteal sciatic nerve block or popliteal block compare to sedation in critical limb patients undergoing angioplasty.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age more than 20 year-old with chronic ischemic limb pain * scheduled for peripheral angioplasty under monitor anaesthesia care * expected timing of procedure not more than 3 hours exclusion criteria: * age less than 21 * cannot cooperate with the staff * having pain in other areas or both legs * contraindicate for nerve block * allergy to local anesthetic drugs or sedative drugs

Keywords: popliteal block chronic limb ischemia
efficacy of aemcolo (rifamycin sv mmx) in the treatment of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (sibo)

Conditions: Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth; Gastrointestinal Disease; Gastrointestinal Infection

Summary: open label interventional randomized pilot study utilizing two dosing regimens of aemcolo. the goal of this study is to evaluate effectiveness of a novel antibiotic, aemcolo (rifamycin sv mmx) in the treatment of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (sibo).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * symptoms compatible with sibo * a positive breath test for either hydrogen predominant, methane predominant or mixed sibo exclusion criteria: * history of diabetes mellitus, * diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (ibs-d), * symptomatic bowel obstruction, * diverticulitis and/ or adhesions, * autoimmune disorder, * immunosuppression by medication or disease, * pregnant or breast feeding, * the use of antibiotics, probiotics or prebiotics within the previous 30 days, * known hypersensitivity to rifamycin, any of the other rifamycin class antimicrobial agents (e.g. rifaximin), or any of the components of aemcolo.
performance evaluation of blood glucose monitoring system using iso study design

Conditions: Diabetes

Summary: the purpose of this study is to determine if untrained subjects who have diabetes can operate the blood glucose monitoring system (bgms) and obtain acceptable glucose results.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * have a diagnosis of diabetes * be 18 years of age or older * be able to speak, read and understand english and understand the informed consent document. * be willing to complete study procedures exclusion criteria: * pregnancy * infections or skin disorders at the puncture site (at the discretion of the site professional staff). * hemophilia, bleeding disorder, or clotting problems. persons taking aspirin (81 mg or 325 mg) daily or plavix® are not reason for exclusion. * physical (dexterity), visual, or neurological impairments that would make the person unable to perform testing with the bgm (at the discretion of the site professional staff). * a condition, in the opinion of the investigator, would put the subject at risk or influence the conduct of the study or interpretation of the results. the reason for exclusion will be documented by the professional staff. * previously participated in a blood glucose monitoring study using contour ts system or use the contour ts for personal use when monitoring blood glucose. * working for a competitive medical device company or having an immediate family member or someone who is not a family member but is living within the household of someone who works for such a company * working for a medical laboratory, hospital or other clinical setting that involves training on and clinical use of blood glucose monitors