Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
noradrenergic activity, cognition and major depressive disorder

Conditions: Major Depressive Disorder; Early Life Trauma

Summary: this study investigates influences of nordadrenergic activity on cognition in patients with major depression regarding influences of early life stress.

stress plays a major role in the development and maintenance of major depression disorder. indeed, various studies demonstrated maladaptive changes in physiological stress regulation systems of depressive patients, i.e. in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and the locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system. on a central level, changes of the locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system have been demonstrated.this seems to be the case especially in depressive patients with early life traumata. comparable to the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, the locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system influences not only the physiological stress response, but has also central influence with effects on cognitive functions. indeed, noradrenergic effects on cognitive functions such as attention, learning and memory have been demonstrated in healthy individuals. even though deficits in cognitive domains are core symptoms of major depression, the relationship of the noradrenergic system and cognitive processes has rarely been investigated so far. in this project, the investigators will examine noradrenergic influences via administration of the alpha2-receptor blocker yohimbine on cognitive and emotionally relevant processes in depressive patients and controls. additionally, the investigators will examine the influence of early life traumata on these relationships. thus, the investigators will examine participants with and without major depression and with and without early life stress. results of this study will improve the understanding of cognitive dysfunctions associated with the noradrenergic system in patients with major depression.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis of major depression * experience of early life trauma exclusion criteria: * severe illness * alzheimer´s * schizophrenia * bipolar disorder * control group: - diagnosis of major depression/ experience of early life trauma
chronic pain self-management with integrative yoga therapy (iyt)

Conditions: Chronic Pain; Chronic Nonmalignant Pain

Summary: the purpose of this study was to evaluate efficacy of chronic pain self-management program in community settings to adopt integrative yoga therapy (iyt).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * older than 18 years old. * having a chronic pain of more than 3 months of duration, no matter the aetiology. * capable of understanding and giving written informed consent. * significant levels of distress and disability related to the pain at the beginning of treatment exclusion criteria: * intelectual disability or cognitive impairment * planning to move out of area * serious mental illness * drugs or substance abuse in the last 6 months * post surgery or scheduled for surgery * cancer related pain
alveolar recruitment in obese patients in major gynaecological cancer surgery

Conditions: Gynecologic Cancers

Summary: in this study, the investigators planned to evaluate the effect of alveolar recruitment strategy primarily on postoperative pulmonary complications in obese patients undergoing lung protective ventilation in major open gynaeco-oncological surgeries. our other aim was to evaluate perioperative haemodynamics, respiratory mechanics,inpatient length of stay.

in the gynaecological oncology clinic of our hospital, open major surgeries for endometrial or ovarian cancer are performed very frequently. in these surgeries, the abdomen is open to the operating theatre environment and the lithotomy and trendelenburg position may have negative consequences on the respiratory system in patients. intraoperative lung protective ventilation strategies are recommended to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications. in the lung protective ventilation strategy, positive end-expiratory pressure is recommended in addition to 6-8 ml/kg tidal volume according to ideal body weight. in addition, alveolar recruitment strategy can be applied. for this purpose, the investigators planned to evaluate the effect of alveolar recruitment strategy on postoperative pulmonary complications in patients who underwent lung protective ventilation in major open gynaecooncological surgeries. our secondary aim was to evaluate perioperative haemodynamics, respiratory mechanics, inpatient length of stay.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with asaii and iii * bmi\>30 kg/m2 ,\<40 kg/m2 * patients with an ariscat risk score of 26-44 exclusion criteria: * patients with an assessment of respiratory risk in surgical patients in catalonia (ariscat) risk score \> 44 * bmi \> 40 kg/m2 patients

Keywords: gynecologic cancer surgery alveolar recruitment strategy positive end-expiratory pressure
call-2-health: preventing type ii diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: it is estimated that 30 million u.s. adults will have type 2 diabetes by 2050. contributing to this national trend is the obesity epidemic. three randomized trials have demonstrated that intensive behavioral interventions can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes. the purpose of this pilot study is to inform a future randomized, controlled phase iii trial of a population-based, telephonic, exercise and weight loss intervention to translate the findings of the diabetes prevention program into practice. the telephonic intervention will be compared to usual care (30 participants in each group). the investigators will deliver the intervention in 12 weekly, 20-minute calls, with four subsequent maintenance calls, for a total of 16 calls over 24 weeks. study outcomes will be measured at baseline and at 12 and 24 weeks. for this planning grant the investigators do not have an overall hypothesis. the investigators' goal is to develop and test whether it is possible to do exercise and weight loss


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female * age 40-74 * receives primary care at group health central, rainier, or poulsbo clinics in the greater seattle area * can walk for more than 10 minutes * fasting plasma glucose (fpg) 105-125 mg/dl or glycolated hemoglobin (hba1c) 5.7-6.4 * body mass index (bmi) 25 kg/m2 or greater exclusion criteria: * type 1 or 2 diabetes * fpg \> 125 mg/dl or \< 105mg/dl at screening blood draw * hba1c \> 6.4 or \< 5.7 at screening blood draw * systolic blood pressure \> 210 mmhg at the baseline clinic visit * exercise ≥ 30 minutes/day, at least five days a week * current participation in another structured weight loss treatment program or another intervention study * severe concurrent disease * unavailable for the 24-week study period * unable to read or speak english * pregnant or planning to become pregnant. * mentally or legally incapacitated such that informed consent cannot be obtained.

Keywords: intervention telephone diabetes prevention
corrective exercises with neuromuscular electrical stimulation in children with flexible flatfeet

Conditions: Sports Physical Therapy

Summary: flexible flatfoot is a common foot misalignment in children. various treatment procedures are used to correct or to avoid future complain among adults and pediatric population.

ethics statement this study was approved by the institutional review board of the faculty of physical therapy, cairo university, egypt (no. p.t.rec/012/0016370) and strictly adhered to the criteria proclaimed in the latest version of the declaration of helsinki code of ethics. children's participation was commissioned by asking their legal guardian to sign a consent form prior to data collection. study design a prospective double-masked randomized controlled trial was carried out from september 1, 2018 to december 31, 2019 at the out-patient physical therapy clinic of faculty of physical therapy, cairo university. sample size estimation sample size calculation was performed prior to the study using g\*power statistical software (version 3.1.9.2; franz faul, universitat kiel, germany) \[f tests- manova. estimates of means of sai were calculated from a preliminary study included 10 children who were assigned to the two treatment groups (5 children for each). repeated measures, within-between interaction, α=0.05, β=0.2, pillai v = 0.1, and large effect size\] and revealed that the appropriate sample size for this study was not less than 65 children. ¬then, 70 children were recruited to account for the possible dropout rates. randomization seventy-two volunteer children who were recruited from governmental schools at cairo and giza provinces. the online graph pad software was used to allocate study participants to either intervention group (corrective exercise and nmes) control group (corrective exercise and placebo nmes). all children/legal and examiners were unaware of group allocation.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: the criteria for inclusion were * di¬agnosed (by an orthopedist) with asymptomatic fff, * navicular height more than 9-millimeter (mm), * grade iii flatfoot grade (midfoot width exceeding forefoot width) * normal body weight (bmi from 5th to 85th percentile), * presented with no neuromuscular or osseous anomalies. exclusion criteria: the authors excluded all children who had a history of * symptomatic flatfeet * congenital deformities of the lower extremities (e.g. genu valgum, femoral anteversion, leg length discrepancy, hypermobile joint) * scar/irri¬tated skin at the electrode placement * neurological/ neuromuscular disorders.

Keywords: foot arch foot print idiopathic flexible flatfoot navicular height short foot exercises.
magnesium oral supplementation to reduce pain inpatients with severe peripheral arterial occlusive disease

Conditions: Peripheral Arterial Disease

Summary: magnesium exerts analgesic effects in several animal pain models and in patients affected by acute postoperative pain and chronic pain of neuropathic origin. there is no evidence that magnesium can modulate pain in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (paod). we describe the protocol of a single-center randomized double-blind clinical trial aimed at assessing the efficacy of oral magnesium supplementation in controlling severe pain in patients with advanced paod.

* adult patients admitted to our acute pain service for intractable pain will be eligible if they are affected by paod at stages iii and iv of lèriche-fontaine classification, and are opioid-naïve. * patients enrolled will be randomized to the control group, treated with standard therapy, consisting of an oral administration of oxycodone 5 mg and pregabalin 25 mg per day plus placebo (fructose 10 g) twice a day for two weeks, or to the experimental group, treated with magnesium oxide 300 mg twice a day. * randomization will be computer-generated, with allocation concealment obtained using opaque, sequentially numbered and sealed envelopes. trials participants, care providers, data collectors, outcome assessors and data analysts will be blinded to treatment allocation. * patients will be evaluated on the day of hospital admission (day 0) and on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 14 with the following information being collected: daily oxycodone dose received; patient's perceived average and maximum pain using the numerical rating scale (nrs: 0=no pain to 10=worst possible pain); pain relief using pain relief scale (prs: 0% no pain relief to 100% complete pain relief); characteristics of the pain, using the neuropathic pain scale (nps: 10 items); impact of pain on the patient's daily activities, using the brief pain inventory (bpi; 9 items). * a sample size calculation performed for the primary outcome showed that 150 patients (75 per group) are needed to achieve 90% power to detect a minimum reduction of 30% in oxycodone dosage in the experimental group, after allowing for a drop-out rate of around 20%. * ethical approval of the study protocol has been obtained from comitato etico provinciale di brescia, brescia, italy.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients (18 years or above) * paod at stages iii and iv according to the lèriche-fontaine classification * no treatment with opioids at the time of recruitment exclusion criteria: * renal failure (serum creatinine ≥ 2.0 mg/dl); * congestive heart failure (new york heart association, nyha \> 3); * treatment with digoxin and/or calcium channel blockers; * pre-existing neuromuscular diseases; * chronic diarrhea; * acute limb ischemia successfully treated with interventional angiography, fogarty embolectomy and/or surgical revascularization.

Keywords: peripheral arterial disease magnesium oxide pain
the alberta primary care endoscopy (apc-endo) study

Conditions: Screening Test; Endoscopy; Colon Disease

Summary: it is hypothesized that primary care colonoscopists are able to achieve benchmarks in colonoscopy quality including cecal intubation and adenoma detection rates and serious adverse event rates. this prospective study is the first in depth analysis of the quality of colonoscopic procedures performed by primary care physicians at a provincial level in canada. in addition, the apc endo study is the first to directly examine both the quality of colonoscopy and patient satisfaction in the same study.

discrepant data exists about the quality of colonoscopies performed by family physicians and general internists. currently in canada, gastroenterologists and general surgeons perform 97% of the colonoscopies, but excessive wait times highlight a shortage of colonoscopists in canada. this shortage will invariably worsen as our population ages and more canadians become screened for colorectal cancer. one method of improving this relative shortage of colonoscopists is through training primary care physicians in gi medicine and endoscopy. in order these physicians to be a legitimate option in the provision of colonoscopies; however, it must be shown that, as a group, they are able to meet benchmarks in colonoscopy competency. this multi-centre observational study will be the first study to prospectively analyze colonoscopic examinations performed by primary care physicians at a provincial level. using primarily cecal intubation rates and adenoma detection rates, along with other quality parameters, this study will compare the results of alberta primary care physicians to standard benchmarks in colonoscopy competency. data will be collected using case report forms completed at the time of the colonoscopy, reviewing the patients' colonoscopy pathology results and a post procedure telephone survey to examine patient satisfaction rates. if this study demonstrates that quality benchmarks are indeed met, then future training of primary care physicians in gastrointestinal medicine and endoscopy would be encouraged to help address current and future colonoscopist shortages.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all patients having a colonoscopy done by an apc-endo physician endoscopist during the study period will be approached at the time of their endoscopy to consent to the post procedure telephone. exclusion criteria: * patients under the age of 18 years old * patients who will be unable to be contacted for the post procedure telephone survey. (e.g., moving out of the country in the following month) * patients who are unable to understand or speak basic english * patients who are cognitively impaired such that they were not able to complete the initial consent for their colonoscopy

Keywords: colonoscopy primary care physicians quality assurance
129xe gas exchange imaging in ipf and chp: a reliability study

Conditions: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis; Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

Summary: this research is a study to test the reliability of hyperpolarized xenon mri (hxe mri) as a biomarker in interstitial lung disease. the study is a non-randomized study to evaluate the test-retest performance of hxe mri in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ipf) and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (chp) as a non-invasive biomarker of disease severity and prognosis. the study will include approximately 15 subjects with ipf, 15 subjects with chp and 10 sex and age-matched normal controls performed across 3 sites.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults \> 18 years of age * diagnosis of progressive chronic hp, ipf as determined by mdd discussion (historical or during screening period) or normal control (no history of known lung disease, no abnormal parenchymal or airway findings on ct examination and no values outside of the normal for fvc, fev1, tlc, and dlco.) * fvc % predicted \>45% * dlco % predicted \>30% * progressive lung disease as defined by one of the following criteria within 24 months of screening visit * relative decline in the fvc ≥ 10% of the predicted value * relative decline in the fvc of ≥ 5% - \< 10% of the predicted value and worsening of respiratory symptoms * relative decline in the fvc of ≥ 5% - \< 10% of the predicted value and an increased extent of fibrosis on prior clinical high-resolution ct * worsening of respiratory symptoms and an increased extent of fibrosis on high-resolution ct. exclusion criteria: * stable fvc over 2-year period as determined by study physician * unstable cardiac condition within 6 months of screening as determined by study physician
messaging intervention to increase medicare annual wellness visits -- the nudge awv clinical trial

Conditions: Annual Wellness Visit; Breast Cancer Screening; Colon Cancer Screening

Summary: medicare annual wellness visits (awvs) are critical for addressing preventive care needs among older adults, yet the most recent estimates from the center for medicare services suggest less than 50% of eligible patients take advantage of this free healthcare benefit. behavioral science-informed messaging interventions offer a promising strategy to increase awv participation by guiding patient behavior. in this study, investigators will evaluate a health system initiative that utilizes personalized email and text messages to encourage medicare beneficiaries to schedule and attend their awvs. this approach aims to boost patient engagement in preventive health services, ultimately improving care outcomes for older adult populations

the centers for medicare \& medicaid services (cms) recommends annual wellness visits (awvs) to encourage preventive care and improve long-term health outcomes for medicare beneficiaries. these visits are designed to provide a proactive approach to healthcare by focusing on identifying risk factors, updating medical histories, and developing personalized prevention plans that promote early detection of diseases. by prioritizing prevention over treatment, awvs help reduce the overall cost burden on the healthcare system while enhancing patient engagement and empowering individuals to take a more active role in managing their health. yet despite these benefits, most medicare members who are eligible for an awv - at no cost to them - do not complete one. behavioral science research suggests that personalized messages, designed to facilitate action, can have significant impacts on health behavior. studies have found these messaging interventions can increase vaccination rates, cancer screening rates, and other care gap closure.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age 65 or older * have either a mobile phone number or an email address on file with the health system * included in and non-compliant on the ascension awv clinical priority goal measure * have consented to receive electronic communications from the health system exclusion criteria: * patients whose primary care providers are exempted from the campaign by the health system * completed mawv appointment in previous 30 days * has an upcoming awv appointment scheduled * have received a nudge campaign from the clinical transformation team in the past 90 days * patients who have previously opted out of receiving electronic communications from the health system in our message delivery platform (salesforce)
retinal biomarkers in parkinson´s disease

Conditions: Parkinson Disease

Summary: the goal of this observational study is to determine whether oxygen content of the retinal vessels of the eye may serve as a biomarker in parkinson´s disease. the main questions it aims to answer are: 1. is retinal vessel oxyhemoglobin saturation and vessel width altered in people with parkinson´s disease? 2. is the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer altered in people with parkinson´s disease? 3. is the response of ganglion cells of the inner retina and the visual cortex altered in people with parkinson´s disease? the study procedure is threefold. the participants will: a. sit in front of a screen and focus on a red dot of its middle. a simple recording electrodes are applied on the cornea, forehead and scalp for the electrophysiological measurements. prior to this procedure a topical anesthetic gel is applied to numb the eye to prevent discomfort from placement of the corneal electrodes. b. undergo general eye examination and optical coherence tomography (oct) to measure the retinal tissue thickness. prior to eye examination,eye drops are applied into the eyes to enlarge the pupils c. sit in front of a fundus camera for obtaining images of the retinal vessels to measure oxygen saturation and the vessel width researchers will compare the obtained measurements with age- and gender matching of healthy controls.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * confirmed parkinson disease exclusion criteria: * eye disease * diabetic mellitus * chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) * other neurological disease * smoking on a daily basis

Keywords: retinal oximetry pattern electroretinography visual evoked potentials optical coherence tomography oxyhemoglobin saturation
gastrointestinal biomarkers in tissue and biological fluid samples from colorectal cancer patients

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer; Esophageal Cancer; Gastric Cancer; Pancreatic Cancer; Precancerous Condition

Summary: rationale: studying samples of tissue, blood, urine, stool, and other biological fluids from patients with cancer and from healthy volunteers undergoing colonoscopy or endoscopy may help doctors identify and learn more about biomarkers related to cancer. purpose: this research study is looking at gastrointestinal biomarkers in tissue and biological fluid samples from patients and participants undergoing colonoscopy, endoscopy, or surgery.

objectives: * identify new potential biomarkers of increased gastrointestinal cancer risk using tissue and biofluid samples from patients and volunteers undergoing colonoscopy, endoscopy, or surgery. * develop new screening strategies based on substances found in tissue and biofluid samples. outline: this is a multicenter study. patients and healthy volunteers undergo colonoscopy, endoscopy, or surgery. patients and healthy volunteers also undergo tissue (e.g., tumor or normal mucosa) and biofluid (e.g., blood, urine, cyst fluids or tumor cells, bile and pancreatic juices, and/or stool) sample collection. samples are analyzed for tumor markers by proteomic methods and protein analysis. if candidate biomarkers are identified, samples are stored for future studies involving these biomarkers. information, including demographics, personal and family history of cancer, and prior and current colonoscopy, endoscopy, or surgery results, is collected from the medical record and stored in the project database. patients are followed once a year for up to 5 years to determine if biomarkers have a prognostic significance.

Eligibility criteria:
disease characteristics: * undergoing colonoscopy or endoscopy for diagnostic or screening purposes at the vanderbilt university medical center or at the veterans affairs medical center and * meets 1 of the following criteria: * diagnosis of gastrointestinal (gi) cancer, polyps, or inflammatory bowel disease * history of previously treated gi cancer, polyps, or inflammatory bowel disease patient characteristics: * capable of giving informed consent * not mentally or medically impaired * no bleeding disorder prior concurrent therapy: * see disease characteristics

Keywords: colon cancer gastric cancer pancreatic cancer esophageal cancer adenomatous polyp