Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
pep and o-pep device for nebulization in cystic fibrosis

Conditions: Cystic Fibrosis

Summary: physiotherapy is an essential element in the comprehensive treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis. in symptomatic individuals, from a respiratory system perspective, it should be performed regularly, as it directly contributes to slowing disease progression. even though patients perform airway-clearing physical therapy daily, it should be intensified during exacerbations. although solutions for effectively clearing the airways have been sought for many years, there is still no leading technique for removing secretions from the respiratory tract. modifications during inhalation aimed at thinning and loosening the accumulated thick mucus can facilitate the effective mobilization and expectoration of secretions, thus improving patients' quality of life.

the study aims to determine whether the addition of devices with positive expiratory pressure (pari pep system s) or positive pressure with oscillation (aerobika) assists with hypertonic saline nebulization in patients with cystic fibrosis exacerbation. the study assesses whether these devices facilitate the easier evacuation of retained secretions, shorten bronchial drainage time, and improve pulmonary function test results. participants are randomly assigned to specific groups (group i - inhalation with o-pep, group ii - inhalation with pep, group iii - control group, standard inhalation) using a calendar formula (day of the month divided by 3). each group performs bronchial drainage following the same protocol: autogenic drainage and a device with positive variable expiratory pressure (device name: pari o-pep). the main questions the study aims to answer are: 1. does implementing inhalation devices improve functional test indicators and the amount of mucus expectorated during inhalation? 2. are there differences in effectiveness between the groups?

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * written consent of the patient and/or guardian, * no disease complications (within the last 2 months) in the form of: active haemoptysis, chest surgeries, surgical procedures in the area of the esophagus (esophageal varices), otitis media, * age above 10 years, * the ability to perform correctly lung function tests and fev1 value above 20% predicted, * the presence of respiratory symptoms indicating exacerbation of the disease, i.e. increasing of cough, increasing of dyspnoea, decrease in fev1 by 10% or more from a previously recorded value. exclusion criteria: * lack of written consent for the study * hemoptysis within the last 2 months * history of pneumothorax * current otitis media * age below 10 years * fev1 value below 20% of the predicted value * surgical procedures in the area of the oesophagus (esophageal varices) * intolerance to the pep or o-pep device

Keywords: cystic fibrosis exacerbations chest physiotherapy pep device o-pep device
a study of mabthera (rituximab) plus chlorambucil in patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Conditions: Lymphocytic Leukemia, Chronic

Summary: this single arm study will assess the efficacy and safety of mabthera + chlorambucil as induction therapy, followed in responders by maintenance therapy or observation in elderly patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. during the induction phase patients will receive 2 x 4 weekly courses of chlorambucil followed by 8 x 4 weekly courses of chlorambucil + mabthera. subsequently, responders will be randomized to receive 12 doses of mabthera given every 8 weeks, or no further treatment. the anticipated time on study treatment is 2+ years, and the target sample size is \<100 individuals.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients, \>=60 years of age; * cd20+ chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll); * no previous treatment for cll; * ecog performance status 0-1. exclusion criteria: * co-morbid conditions requiring long term use of systemic corticosteroids during study treatment; * history of severe cardiac disease; * transformation to aggressive b-cell malignancy.
adapting a behavioral intervention to accommodate cognitive dysfunction in people who inject drugs

Conditions: Cognitive Dysfunction

Summary: the goal of this pilot work was to determine if the cognitive dysfunction accommodation strategies help patients retain/utilize more hiv prevention information and increase prep adherence. fifty people who inject drugs (pwid) were prescribed prep and randomized to one of two conditions, twenty-five pwid participated in a standard hiv prevention session and 25 other pwid participated in a hiv prevention session with the included accommodation strategies. at recruitment participants were asked to provide self-report of the screening form and cognitive functioning. the intervention consisted of a total of 5 sessions: 1 meeting to gain baseline information of participants and 4 intervention sessions. participants completed the consent form, demographics, skills assessment, drug use behavior assessment, and hiv risk behavior assessment at the pre-interview meeting. participants completed prep uptake assessments and skills assessments immediately following the intervention to compare the pre/post results between the two groups. all participants also completed an acceptability rating to help researchers determine the acceptability of the accommodation strategies used, at the end of the 4th session. the objective was to determine if the proposed accommodation strategies are feasible and efficacious at improving hiv prevention outcomes, including knowledge and skills. information gleaned from this process will be used to refine the intervention approach for future testing and implementation.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * at least 18 years or older * reported injection drug use in the past 30 days * reported engagement in drug- and/or sex- related hiv risk behaviors * hiv negative * are willing to initiate prep use * can communicate (read, write and speak) in english * experience mild/moderate level of cognitive dysfunction exclusion criteria: * cannot attend all study sessions * actively homicidal and/or suicidal
vitamin d supplementation in patients with depression

Conditions: Depression

Summary: groups (intervention group receives 50000 iu vitamin d and control group receives placebo) through a random allocation. after 8 weeks, blood sample will be collected from each participant. the studied indices (inflammatory (il-1β, il-6, hs-crp), pth, platelet serotonin, serum oxytocin, serum 25(oh) d, depression status and anthropometry indices) will be evaluated at beginning and end of interventional period.

in this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 60 patients aged 18-60y referred to baharlou hospital with a history of mild to moderate depression diagnosed by a psychiatrist will be presented to the researcher. after receipt of a signed informed consent form, eligible patients will participate. a general demographic questionnaire will be completed by an interviewer. individuals are randomly divided into intervention and control groups. a 10-ml venous blood sample will be collected from each participant. the intervention group receives 50000 iu of vitamin d every 2 weeks as vitamin d supplements for 8 weeks, provided monthly. the control group receives placebo. the drug schedule of both groups (if any) will be unchanged according to the prescribing physician. after 8 weeks, blood sample will be collected from each participant. the studied indices (inflammatory (il-1β, il-6, hs-crp), pth, platelet serotonin, serum oxytocin, serum 25(oh) d, depression status, anthropometry indices) will be evaluated at beginning and end of interventional period. data will be analyzed by statistical tests.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age: 18 to 60 y * having mild to moderate depression exclusion criteria: * having a history of heart infarction * having a history of angina * having a history of stroke * having a history of kidney stones * having a history of high blood pressure (systolic blood pressure higher than 174 or diastolic blood pressure higher than 104 mm hg) * having a history of liver disease * having a history of hyperparathyroidism * pregnancy and/or lactation * reproductive-aged women (under 50 years old) who are not receiving adequate contraception * consuming nutritional supplement containing vitamin d from 2 months ago * not willing to continue the study * failure to follow the supplemental program

Keywords: vitamin d- depression- cholecalciferol-
clostridium butyricum cbm588® vs. rifaximin for symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (sudd): a real-world retrospective study

Conditions: Diverticular Diseases; Gastro-Intestinal Disorder

Summary: this retrospective, real-world, single-center clinical study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotic clostridium butyricum cbm588® (butirrisan®) versus rifaximin in the management of symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (sudd). patients with diverticulosis and a history of mild-to-moderate diverticulitis were included, and their clinical outcomes were assessed using existing patient records. the study compared two treatment groups: experimental group: clostridium butyricum cbm588® (butirrisan®) + fiber supplementation. control group: rifaximin + fiber supplementation. the primary endpoint was the reduction in sudd symptoms, evaluated using patient-reported outcomes. secondary outcomes included assessment of safety, risk of surgery, and changes in abdominal pain frequency and severity.

diverticulosis is a common condition affecting up to 60% of individuals over 60 years old, with 10-25% developing symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (sudd). this condition is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, altered gut microbiota, and persistent abdominal symptoms such as bloating, pain, and irregular bowel habits. traditional treatment often involves cyclic rifaximin therapy. however, recent studies have highlighted the potential of microbiome-modulating therapies, including probiotics such as clostridium butyricum cbm588®, to improve gut health, reduce inflammation, and manage sudd symptoms. this retrospective, real-world study reviewed clinical records of 70 patients who received treatment for sudd at a single center. the data were extracted from routine clinical practice records, without any prospective patient recruitment. patients were categorized into two groups: the probiotic group received clostridium butyricum cbm588® (butirrisan®) with fiber supplementation. the control group received rifaximin 400 mg twice daily for 7-10 days per month, alongside fiber supplementation. outcomes were measured based on symptom relief over a 12-month period, including the frequency and severity of abdominal pain, the risk of surgery, and patient-reported outcomes. the study provided real-world evidence on the potential benefits of clostridium butyricum cbm588® in supporting a microbiome-targeted approach for managing sudd, potentially reducing reliance on antibiotics and improving patient quality of life.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adults aged ≥18 years * diagnosed diverticulosis (confirmed by colonoscopy or ct scan) * history of mild-to-moderate diverticulitis * symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (sudd) requiring management exclusion criteria: * prior abdominal surgery * history of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) or colorectal cancer * use of antibiotics or probiotics within 4 weeks prior to study entry * severe chronic comorbidities (e.g., advanced liver or kidney disease) * pregnancy or breastfeeding * patients with acute diverticulitis within the past 3 months
tailored intervention for melanoma patient's families

Conditions: Melanoma

Summary: the purpose of the investigators' study is to find the best way to provide information about sun protection and skin cancer detection. the investigators want to see which of two methods most improves sun protection and screening attitudes and practices. the investigators hope to improve these attitudes and practices among people who are at higher risk for melanoma. people at higher risk for melanoma are first degree relatives (mother, father, sibling or child) of people diagnosed with melanoma.

eligible patients will be contacted to find out whether they have any living first degree relatives that we may contact to discuss their participation in our study. eligible first degree relatives (fdrs) will participate in our study as outlined under interventions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria - patients (for referral of fdrs): * newly diagnosed with cutaneous malignant melanoma (cmm) within the past 2 years but more than 3 months prior to being approached * seen at fccc, fccc network, temple, mcc, or hup patient clinics * greater than 18 years of age * english speaking * able to give meaningful informed consent * does not have a first-degree relative with cmm inclusion criteria - fdr (first degree relative): * current age of at least 21 years * one or more of the following additional risk factors; blonde or red hair; marked freckling on the upper back; history of 3 or more blistering sunburns prior to age 20; 3 or more years of an outdoor summer job as a teenager; actinic keratosis * able to give informed consent * english speaking * has residential phone service * no personal history of cmm or non-melanoma skin cancer * no personal history of dysplastic nevi exclusion criteria - fdr: * 2 or more first degree relatives with cmm * has had a total cutaneous examination (tce) in the past 3 years and has done skin self-examination (sse) more than once in the past year and has a sun protection habits mean score greater than or equal to 4 (often). we are selecting a set participants who are not compliant with tce and are inconsistent/minimal performers of sse and sun protection practices.

Keywords: cutaneous malignant melanoma cmm total cutaneous examination tce skin self-examination sse first degree relatives fdr skin cancer protection skin cancer screening
inspiratory muscle training in postmenopausal women

Conditions: Postmenopausal Symptoms; Aging; Obesity

Summary: this study is being conducted by the department of kinesiology within the school of public health at indiana university bloomington. the purpose of this study is to better understand how inspiratory muscle strength training affects cardiovascular health and mood disturbance in postmenopausal women.

inspiratory muscle training (imt) works by strengthening the respiratory muscles through resistive airflow breathing using a handheld device. the goal being to elicit an adaptive response akin to resistance exercise for locomotor muscles. labored breathing due to respiratory muscle weakness can detract from physical performance with attendant consequences on independent living. this may trigger a maladaptive cycle that worsens physiological and psychosocial outcomes. imt from 6-10 weeks has been shown to increase maximal inspiratory pressure, functional capacity, and perceived breathlessness across disease states. to inform an appropriately powered randomized controlled trial, the present work proposes a 2-arm single-blind, randomized pilot study to evaluate outcomes of interest.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * postmenopausal women (self-report at least 6 years since last menstrual cycle) * aged 50-75 years (confirmed by birth date listed on participant's driver license at screening visit) * english-speaking * body mass index between 25.0 to 39.9 kg/m2 * able to ambulate without assistance * own or have access to a bluetooth-capable phone or tablet (ios version 12.0 or later or android version 7.0 or later) exclusion criteria: * unable to provide informed consent. * greater than stage ii hypertension (i.e., \>159/99 mm hg) * current tobacco use (self-report) * habitually exercise training ≥ 2 days per week (self-report) * significant orthopedic limitations or other contraindications to strenuous exercise * live or work \> 80 miles from bloomington, indiana * anticipated elective surgery during the study period. * surgery to the chest or abdomen in the last 6 months. * plan to move residence or travel out of the local area during the study period. * history of heart attack or heart condition. * current use of prescription medications that affect heart rate or blood vessel dilation (e.g., systemic b-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers, and hormone replacement therapy). * diagnosis of asthma or chronic pulmonary disease. * current respiratory infection. * diagnosis of an aneurysm in the chest, abdomen, or brain. * psychological or social characteristics that would interfere with their ability to fully participate in the study.

Keywords: postmenopausal aging women's health blood pressure mean response time inspiratory muscle training (imt)
transcranial doppler (tcd) ultrasound and cognition in cerebral vascular disease. (sunrise)

Conditions: Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA)/Stroke

Summary: this study aims to contribute to the identification of factors that may be predictive of cognitive function and to provide data on cerebral hemodynamic in ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke. this study will prospectively study cerebral autoregulation, neurovascular coupling and microembolic signs in cerebrovascular patients with ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke and its relationship with cognitive function and functional recovery


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * minimum age limit: 18 years * patients with intracerebral haemorrhages; patients with ischemic stroke of atherosclerotic, cardioembolic and embolic etiology from an unknown source; * previous mrs equal or more than 4; * national institutes of health stroke scale (nihss)≤20 at admission; * iqcode final score\&amp;lt;3.0 exclusion criteria: * history of dementia or other central nervous system disease associated with cognitive impairment; * absence of adequate temporal bone window for transcranial doppler monitoring; * patients with a large cerebral infarct (greater than on third of the middle cerebral artery territory) or a strategic infarct (paramedian thalamus, medial frontal cortex, or hippocampus) evaluated in the 24 hours-ct; * average life expectancy less than 1 year for a different cause of cardiovascular disease; * patients with intracranial vascular malformation, intracranial venous thrombosis, head trauma or tumour and haemorrhagic transformation within an infarct; * serious kidney and systemic diseases; * active cancer patients;

Keywords: ischemic stroke haemorrhagic stroke cerebral vascular disease
comparison of quality of life in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma undergoing different surgery

Conditions: Thyroid Cancer

Summary: the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased rapidly in recent years, especially in women. early differentiated thyroid cancer has a good prognosis, and surgery is the main treatment. traditional open surgery would leave a scar on the neck. however, emerging minimally invasive procedures can avoid the scar on the neck, resulting in better aesthetic effect, which would have an impact on the quality of life of patients to a certain degree. this study intend to follow up patients regularly with early differentiated thyroid cancer undergoing different surgery. the quality of life, voice, scar would be assessed by authoritative questionaires or scales. we hope to demonstrate that minimally invasive surgery is better than traditional open surgery in order to provide reliable evidence for clinical practice.

the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased rapidly in recent years, especially in women. differentiated thyroid cancer takes the largest proportion in thyroid cancer, but it has a good prognosis. for early differentiated thyroid cancer, surgery is the main treatment. traditional open surgery would leave a scar on the neck, which is especially troublesome for female patients. however, emerging minimally invasive procedures, such as endoscopy-assisted subclavian approach, robot-assisted transaxillary or transoral approach, etc., can avoid the scar on the neck, resulting in better aesthetic effect, which would have an impact on the quality of life of patients to a certain degree. this study intend to follow up patients regularly with early differentiated thyroid cancer undergoing surgery according to a prospective cohort design. the evaluation questionnaires including quality of life, voice and scar would be completed to demonstrate that minimally invasive surgery is better than traditional open surgery not only in the way of effectiveness, but also in the quality of life. we hope to provide reliable evidence for clinical practice by this study.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * age ≥18 years and \< 70 years; * biopsy or surgical pathology indicated differentiated thyroid carcinoma (papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular carcinoma); * stage t1\~t3a, n0\~n1a, m0; * ability to read and write chinese; * willingness to follow up. exclusion criteria: * age \< 18 years old or ≥70 years old; * biopsy or surgical pathology indicated medullary carcinoma or anaplastic thyroid carcinoma; * aggressive histology: tall cell, columnar cell, hobnail variant, etc. * mixed with medullary carcinoma or anaplastic thyroid carcinoma; * high risk of recurrence (according to ata guideline); * lateral cervical lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis; * suffer from other malignant tumors; * history of thyroid surgery or cervical lymph node dissection; * cognition or behavior impairment.

Keywords: thyroid cancer quality of life minimally invasive surgery