Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
action observation treatment on motor function in upper limb of patients with chronic stroke

Conditions: Stroke

Summary: to determine the effects of action observation treatment on motor functions in upper limb of patients with chronic stroke

stroke is one of the major cause of death in pakistan and also a prime source of disability in older adults.mirror neuron system depends on motor regions, and its dominant aspect is that,it is activated for implementation of motor activity and also for its observation. this "dual activation" characteristic of mirror neuron helps in improving the observation and execution of different actions. aim of this study is to determine the effects of action observation treatment on motor function in upper limb of patients with chronic stroke. an rct will be conducted on 14 chronic stroke patients from omar hospital and riphah rehabilitation centre lahore. patients will be randomly allocated into control group (n=7) and experimental group (n=7) by lottery method. control group will be given only conventional treatment that included stretching, strengthening, pinching, gripping, reaching and grasping exercises, while experimental group received conventional treatment and action observation treatment 3 days/ week for 4 weeks. treatment outcomes will be assessed on modified barthel index and fugl-meyer assessment for upper extremity (fma-ue)

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * chronic stroke patients (with more than 6 months- 4 years) illness * patients that were able to communicate and comprehend oral instructions * patients with mini mental state examination (mmse) score more than 24 exclusion criteria: * patients having psychiatric histories. * visual and hearing impaired patients * patients with speech impairment * patients with arthritic deformities in upper limb (with or without using assistive device) * patients with diagnosed mental illness.

Keywords: stroke action observation treatment
efficacy and safety of vildagliptin versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Summary: this mechanistic study is designed to investigate the effect of vildagliptin on the sensitivity of the a-cell to glucose under hypoglycemic conditions in patients with type 2 diabetes (t2dm).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients with t2dm, diagnosed at least 6 weeks prior to visit 1, who have had no treatment with oral antidiabetic agents for at least 12 weeks prior to study entry (visit 1) and no treatment with oral antidiabetic agents at any time in the past for \> 3 consecutive months * \>/= 18 years * body mass index in the range of 22-35 kg/m2 * hba1c \</=7.5% exclusion criteria: * type 1 diabetes * acute metabolic diabetic complications * evidence of significant diabetic complications * insulin treatment within the past 6 months other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply

Keywords: type 2 diabetes vildagliptin glucagon hypoglycemia
community dissemination of an evidence-based colorectal cancer (crc) screening intervention

Conditions: Colon Cancer; Rectal Cancer

Summary: filipino americans have lower rates of colorectal cancer (crc) screening, later stage of diagnosis and poorer survival relative to other racial/ethnic groups. to address this disparity, the investigators developed a multi-component intervention to increase crc screening and have determined its efficacy in a randomized trial (maxwell,et. al., 2010). this study aims to determine how an intervention to increase crc screening can best be integrated within the cultural norms and existing structures of churches and community based organizations (cbos) with predominantly filipino american membership to ensure broad dissemination to those in need of screening. the investigators will provide our partner cbos with resources and technical assistance, including training of community volunteers as health advisors, to enable them to promote crc screening to their constituents. using a scientifically rigorous research design, the investigators will compare two dissemination strategies: basic dissemination which consists of a single kick-off event during which community health advisors will receive print materials and fobt kits for distribution and training on how to conduct educational small-group sessions; and organizational dissemination aimed at integrating crc screening dissemination into organizational practices and processes that can be sustained after the end of the study. the study will be implemented in 20 cbos and will train 100 community health advisors (chas). the impact of the two dissemination strategies will be comprehensively assessed by collecting data at the cbo level, from the chas and from 1000 filipino american participants. the investigators will compare the proportion of filipino american participants who obtain crc screening by dissemination strategy, but the investigators will also assess how many are reached, if the intervention is implemented as planned, how cbos support the screening efforts at their regular activities, and if cbos and chas maintain their efforts over the 4 years of the study. the investigators hypothesize that cbos can implement evidence-based strategies to promote crc screening and chas in the organizational dissemination arm will reach more participants and more screened participants than chas in the basic dissemination arm; and organizations in the organizational dissemination arm will adopt more crc screening activities and maintain these better than organizations in the basic dissemination arm.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * filipino american * 50 to 75 years of age * must not have been diagnosed with crc * must not be adherent to uspstf crc screening guidelines exclusion criteria: * not filipino american * younger than 50 or older than 75 years of age * have been diagnosed with crc * adherent to uspstf crc screening guidelines

Keywords: crc screening prevention and early detection of crc filipino dissemination
probiotic toothpaste for microbial colonization

Conditions: Microbial Colonization

Summary: the aim of this study is to evaluate the colonization efficacy of probiotic toothpastes in healthy adults

this is a double blind randomized controlled study with no cross over to evaluate the colonization efficacy of toothpaste containing a commercially available probiotic bacterium streptococcus salivarius m18. participants will be randomly assigned to one of the 3 groups for brushing teeth with a probiotic toothpaste containing different doses of streptococcus salivarius m18 over a seven day period. saliva samples will be collected at predetermined time points pre and post intervention. colonization efficacy will be determined by enumerating the probiotic in the saliva samples using standard microbiological techniques.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * in general good health * practise good oral hygiene exclusion criteria: 1. have a history of autoimmune disease or are immunocompromised. 2. are on concurrent antibiotic therapy or regular antibiotic use within last 1 week 3. history of allergy (e.g. dairy).

Keywords: probiotic toothpaste, streptococcus salivarius m18, microbial colonization, oral probiotic, toothpaste
cola ingestion for esophageal bolus impaction

Conditions: Esophageal Cancer

Summary: the aim of the study is to observe whether cola ingestion can improve the 24-hour remission rate of acute esophageal impaction in patients with esophageal cancer.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. patients with primary esophageal lesions diagnosed by pathology, being able to consume at least a liquid diet normally before and diagnosed by a physician with acute esophageal impaction (acute esophageal impaction refers to the sudden occurrence of complete obstruction of eating within the past week) 2. prior to enrollment, the patient did not consume carbonated beverages such as cola, or any other treatment for esophageal impaction. 3. age ≥ 18 years old, ecog score is 0-2 points. 4. the subjects voluntarily enrolled and obtained an informed consent form signed by the patient or their legal representative. exclusion criteria: 1. it is known that complete esophageal obstruction is caused by tumor progression. 2. patients who have been diagnosed with or highly suspected of having esophageal fistula through endoscopy or imaging prior to enrollment. 3. patients with nasogastric nutrition tube and esophageal stent implantation 4. patients who have symptoms such as coughing and are unable to drink cola, or who are at serious risk of aspiration (glasgow coma scale\<14 or previous history of aspiration). 5. benign diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux, cardiac arrest, and congenital esophageal stenosis that can easily lead to foreign body impaction in the esophagus. 6. patients with coagulation dysfunction, thrombocytopenia, or taking anticoagulant drugs that are medically considered contraindications for endoscopic examination and treatment. 7. according to the researchers' assessment, patients may not be able to cooperate with the examination and treatment, or there may be other factors that could force them to terminate the study midway, such as having other serious illnesses (including mental illnesses) that require concomitant treatment, severe abnormal laboratory test values, family or social factors, which may affect the safety of the patients or the collection of experimental data.
defining the role of optical super-high magnification dermoscopy in the diagnosis of skin tumors

Conditions: Skin Cancers

Summary: this is a prospective study aimed at evaluating the diagnostic accuracy (compared to histopathological diagnosis) and clinical utility of optical super-high magnification dermoscopy (oshmd) in detecting and differentiating skin tumors, including both benign and malignant lesions, particularly in nevi/melanoma and basal cell carcinoma, in patients with suspicious lesions at a magnification of 20x. additionally, the characteristics of skin lesions will be analyzed using oshmd, and their distribution in skin tumors will be assessed. the agreement between the examiners' evaluations and the concordance between dermoscopic diagnoses at 20x and 400x compared to histopathological diagnosis will also be examined. the hypothesis is that oshmd could assist in identifying malignancy features, thus improving the diagnostic accuracy of skin tumors and potentially leading to earlier and more precise detection of neoplasms


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients who will come to our attention for skin cancer screening with dermoscopy, willing to partecipate to the study exclusion criteria: * patients aged under 18 year old * patients unable to understand and signed the onformed consent
virtual reality in postoperative acute pain management in thoracic surgery

Conditions: Postoperative Pain

Summary: this randomized controlled study is to investigate the effectiveness of vr headsets in reducing postoperative pain intensity among patients after having undergone thoracic surgical procedures.

thoracic surgical procedures can often result in postoperative pain. traditional methods of pain management, such as medication, have limitations in terms of their efficacy and potential side effects. therefore, there is a need for alternative approaches that can effectively alleviate postoperative pain while minimizing medication use. virtual reality (vr) technology has gained attention as a potential non-pharmacological intervention for pain management. there is limited research specifically focusing on the use of vr in the context of thoracic surgery. this study is to investigate the effectiveness of vr headsets in reducing postoperative pain intensity among patients after having undergone thoracic surgical procedures. to enhance the objectivity of the investigation, objective parameters alongside subjective assessments of pain will be incorporated. while self-reported measures are valuable, they can be subjective and influenced by individual perception. therefore, the subjective assessments will be complemented by objective measurements to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the pain experience and its modulation through the vr intervention.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients ≥18 years * written informed consent as documented by signature from the patient * video-assisted anatomical resection of the lung (vats) (surgery duration of at least 90 minutes) * ability to speak, understand and read german exclusion criteria: * significant mental, cognitive or neurological impairments (delirium, psychoses, unstable dissociative disorders, any form of organic brain disorder, ...) * inability to follow the study procedures (e.g., due to language problems, visual and hearing impairments) * chronic pain * morphine intolerance * excessive alcohol consumption (men \> 3 standard drinks, women \> 2 standard drinks per day) * substance abuse * unable or not willing to sign informed consent

Keywords: thoracic surgery virtual reality (vr)
misoprostol for second trimester pregnancy termination

Conditions: Intra Uterine Fetal Death

Summary: the majority of second-trimester pregnancy termination performed in the united states are performed surgically by dilation and evacuation. the frequency of induction of abortion increases as gestational age advances. in the late second trimester and early third trimester, induction is the primary method of termination in cases of fetal abnormalities. in many other countries, however, induction is the primary method of abortion throughout the second trimester


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnancy 13-24 weeks. * women with indication for termination of the pregnancy due to intra uterine fetal death exclusion criteria:-pregnancy before 13 weeks. * pregnancy beyond 24 weeks. * women with scared uterus. * known hypersensitivity for misoprostol. * refusal of the woman to participate.
safety, pk, and efficacy of omecamtiv mecarbil in japanese subjects with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Conditions: Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction

Summary: * to evaluate pharmacokinetics (pk) of omecamtiv mecarbil in japanese subjects with heart failure (hf) with reduced ejection fraction * to evaluate the safety and tolerability of oral omecamtiv mecarbil

this study was conducted by amgen as the ind holder, with cytokinetics as a collaborator. due to the termination of the collaboration agreement between amgen and cytokinetics in may 2021 and subsequent transfer of the omecamtiv mecarbil ind from amgen to cytokinetics, cytokinetics is now listed as the sponsor.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * japanese male or female ≥ 20 years and ≤ 85 years of age * history of chronic stable heart failure (hf) with reduced ejection fraction, defined as requiring treatment for hf for a minimum of 4 weeks prior to screening * treated for hf with optimal pharmacological therapy * left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 40% at screening exclusion criteria: * severe uncorrected valvular heart disease * hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, active myocarditis, constrictive pericarditis, or clinically significant congenital heart disease * acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, or persistent angina at rest within 30 days prior to randomization * systolic blood pressure (bp) \> 160 mmhg or \ 90 mmhg, or heart rate (hr) \> 110 beats per minute (bpm) or hr \< 50 bpm * estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) \< 30 ml/min/1.73 m\^2 * total bilirubin (tbl) ≥ 2x upper limit of normal (uln), or alanine aminotransferase (alt) or aspartate aminotransferase (ast) ≥ 3x uln other exclusion criteria may apply.

Keywords: heart failure
minimal residual disease: a trial using liquid biopsies in solid malignancies.

Conditions: Cancer

Summary: the nhs' genomic medicine service offers whole genome sequencing as part of the drive to improve cancer outcomes. it is recognised that actionable mutations (current and emerging), will ultimately improve outcomes across multiple disease sites by identifying which treatments may benefit individual patients the most, and by providing earlier and more accurate diagnoses. however, testing in the cancer setting is currently limited to haematological malignancies and sarcoma. the majority of patients with solid tumours do not yet have access to this platform and the benefits that it may bring. therefore, expanding genomic testing capacity within a research setting has potential to benefit those patients that would otherwise not be able to access testing. in this study we will be using tissue derived from patients undergoing surgery for cancer to validate an in-house genomic testing platform against roche's foundation medicine genomic profile service, which is an fda- approved commercial platform. in addition, two blood samples will be taken in order that we can test whether markers present in the tissue may also be seen in blood. we hope that this will help us monitor minimal residual disease in patients, allowing earlier detection of relapse/recurrence than radiology currently allows. patients may also agree to donate optional excess fresh tissue from their surgery. this will be integrated with other laboratory platforms which may offer information on prospective drug response based on genotypic profiles (e.g., patient-derived explants).


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participant is willing and able to give informed consent for participation in the study. * male or female, aged 18 years or above. * diagnosed with solid tumour that requires surgical resection, and has a high propensity of relapse. * fit for planned surgical procedure. * able (in the investigators opinion) and willing to comply with all study requirements. * willing to allow his or her general practitioner, consultant, and clinical geneticist, if appropriate, to be notified of participation in the study. exclusion criteria: * female participants who are pregnant, lactating or planning pregnancy during the course of the study. * not fit for surgery. * not willing to donate blood and tissue samples. * any other significant disease or disorder which, in the opinion of the investigator, may either put the participants at risk because of participation in the study, or may influence the result of the study, or the participant's ability to participate in the study. * participants who have participated in another research study involving an investigational product in the past 12 weeks.

Keywords: minimal residual disease liquid biopsy ctdna
initial intervention efficacy for an online ptsd intervention for pregnant women

Conditions: Perinatal Problems; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; Post Partum Depression

Summary: the current study aims to test a brief computer-assisted intervention (psychoeducation + skills) for pregnant women with elevated ptsd symptoms. in this open trial pilot feasibility study, 20 pregnant women in their first trimester will be invited to participate in the study if they endorse elevated ptsd symptoms. oxytocin and cortisol will be measured at baseline, one month post-intervention, three months post-intervention, and post-delivery to inform the relationship between these hormones, ptsd symptoms, and peripartum/postpartum outcomes. in addition to receiving the psychoeducation + skills intervention during their first trimester, women will be offered a "booster session" intervention following delivery to enhance utilization of skills during a critical period for maternal mental and physical health outcomes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * 18-40 years old * fluent in english exclusion criteria: * active and severe domestic violence * evidence of a significant mental illness or current substance use disorder that would impede the completion of the intervention * suicidal individuals deemed at immediate danger or risk (i.e., requiring immediate hospitalization or treatment) * women who smoke * women who have a metabolic or endocrine disorder.
accuracy of non-invasive effective pulmonary perfusion measurement by co2

Conditions: Cardiovascular Disease

Summary: cardiac output monitoring is mandatory in most surgical and critical care patients. many techniques to assess cardiac output are invasive and/or have many limitations, contraindications and drawbacks. the measurement of cardiac output throughout the co2 signal is an interesting option due to the simplicity and non-invasive nature of its calculation. the present study was designed to compare the cardiac output measurement using a capnodynamic formula versus the reference thermodilution method.

this is a prospective and observational study designed to test the accuracy and precision of the non-invasive capnodynamic cardiac output measurement in mechanically ventilated patients. we will study 30 patients undergoing cardiovascular by pass in which an invasive trans-thoracic thermodilution method (piccoscience) is indicated - the reference method. a pair of thermodilutions and capnodynamic cardiac output measurement will be performed along the surgery. analysis of precision will be done at the begining of the protocol and during stable hemodynamic conditions. accuracy will then assessed using the bland-altmann plot and regression analysis.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * written informed consent * programmed cardiac surgeries * surgeries with cardiopulmonary bypass exclusion criteria: * emergency surgeries. * acute pulmonary diseases * contraindication of femoral catheters. * need of counter-pulsation baloon

Keywords: carbon dioxide cardiac output ventilation thermodilution
project matter: intervention to improve hiv self-care among men who have sex with men (msm) with substance use disorders

Conditions: Substance Use Disorders; HIV/AIDS; Homosexuality, Male

Summary: this study will implement a pilot randomized controlled trial (rct, n=60) to assess the feasibility and acceptability a refined emotion regulation intervention designed to improve engagement in hiv-care among substance using hiv+ msm sub-optimally engaged in hiv care.

eligible study participants will be screened and enrolled at fenway health (boston, ma). participants will be randomized to an enhanced treatment as usual (e-tau) arm or the intervention arm. all participants (in both the e-tau and intervention groups) will receive a one-session behavioral engagement in care intervention, substance use treatment referral information, and the opportunity to discuss and problem solve barriers to substance use treatment with an interventionist, informed by motivational interviewing principles. after randomization, participants in the intervention group will attend 5 therapy sessions focused on behavioral strategies for improving hiv self-care, meta-cognitive awareness of emotions and thoughts, and cognitive restructuring. all participants will receive texts queries about antiretroviral therapy (art) adherence and substance use, and participants in the intervention group will also receive text queries about mood. all participants will be compensated for every research visit and completed text message blocks.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * hiv positive * cisgender male * man who has sex with men (msm) * elevated levels of internalized stigma related to hiv, substance use, or homophobia * poorly engaged in hiv care * able to provide informed consent * 18 years or older * english speaking exclusion criteria: * women * non-cisgender men * do not identify as gay, bisexual, or msm