Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
maintaining cochlear patency after viiith nerve surgery

Conditions: Acoustic Neuroma; Labyrinthitis Ossificans; Profound Hearing Impairment

Summary: tumors arising from the viiith nerve (vestibulo-cochlear nerve) typically present with progressive unilateral hearing loss and tinnitus. viiith nerve tumors with documented growth on serial mri scans typically lead to deafness in the affected ear over time. radiation (gamma knife® or stereotactic radiosurgery) may preserve hearing in \~80% while surgery (middle cranial fossa or retrosigmoid approach) may preserve hearing in 16 - 40% of small tumors, although initial hearing preservation by both modalities may fail over time. surgical resection via the translabyrinthine approach is the safest way to remove many of these tumors, but involves loss of all hearing. in all treatment modalities, the vascular supply (the labyrinthine artery, a terminal branch of aica with no collaterals) to the cochlea is at risk. after devascularization, the cochlea frequently fills with fibrous tissue or ossifies (labyrinthitis ossificans), making it impossible to place a cochlear implant should it be required later. the incidence of this is 46% in our patients. this study seeks to determine the feasibility of preserving the cochlear duct with an obdurator so that patients undergoing translabyrinthine removal of viiith nerve tumors may retain the option of a cochlear implant at a later time.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients of all ages with unilateral or bilateral acoustic neuromas who face loss of hearing in 1 ear from surgical removal via a translabyrinthine approach. * patients do not meet criteria for conventional cochlear implantation or auditory brainstem implantation. * tumor removal must allow preservation of the auditory division of the viiith cranial nerve. * the patient must be willing to undergo preoperative s pneumococcus immunization protocol recommended by the us cdc immunization recommendations for cochlear implant patients. exclusion criteria: * inability to preserve the auditory division of the viiith cranial nerve during tumor removal ossification or fibrosis of the cochlea found on preoperative imaging (ct or mri) that precludes cochlear implantation. * active middle ear disease.

Keywords: unilateral deafness acoustic neuroma cochlear implant
the safety and efficacy of antiplatelet therapy in patients of caa

Conditions: Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

Summary: ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the main causes of death among people. antiplatelet threrapy is very important for patients to prevent ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.ischemic cardiovascular patients of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (caa) patients is as high as 20%, aspirin and clopidogrel is applied to prevent or treat the patient with caa is controversial, there is no valid evidence of caa crowd is safe to use of antiplatelet drugs, but progress in clinical treatment is usually based on patient condition for antiplatelet agents to prevent the occurrence of adverse events, such as blood clots.therefore, this study is intended to be a single-center, prospective study of patients with ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases taking aspirin and clopidogrel, to determine whether the patients are combined with caa , and to conduct a follow-up study for 12 months after team inclusion:1) the prevalence rate and gene spectrum of ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among caa patients enrolled in our hospital were analyzed;2) to explore the correlation between aspirin and clopidogrel drug genes and blood drug concentrations and diseases in patients with ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases complicated with caa;3) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of aspirin and clopidogrel in patients with ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases who combined with caa.

this project intends to observation of bleeding the application of antiplatelet in patients with caa, so as to provide effective clinical evidence for the further application of clopidogrel and aspirin in patients with caa in the future, and to provide reference basis for the accurate formulation of clinical treatment plans and the balance of health risks brought by adverse bleeding reactions.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * clinical diagnosis of caa * must be able to swallow tablets exclusion criteria: * clopidogrel gene was non-cyp2c19 \*1 patients. * patients with surgical thrombolysis . * patients with arteritis, aneurysms, arterial trauma and other risk factors were excluded. * patients with tumours, infections, fever, inflammatory diseases, post-embolization bleeding, peripheral vascular thrombosis or embolization, and other blood diseases such as hemophilia were excluded. * currently receiving treatment in another experimental device or drug study, or completing treatment in another experimental device or drug study ≤30 days. * patients are allergic to any of the ingredients known to be given aspirin or clopidogrel. * patients has an unstable medical condition, or is otherwise considered unstable by the investigator, based on medical history, physical examination, and routine laboratory tests. * patients who need to change or discontinue aspirin or clopidogrel, fail to take medication, or fail to come to the hospital on time due to their condition, and some information is missing.
ketogenic diet vs.antiepileptic drug treatment in drug resistant epilepsy

Conditions: Epilepsy; Mental Retardation

Summary: this is an open randomized controlled study in children with mental retardation and refractory epilepsy in which treatment with ketogenic diet (kd) is compared with treatment with the antiepileptic drug (aed), not tried by the patient before, which we consider to be the most appropriate aed for the patient.

there are two trials in the study: * to compare the effect of the ketogenic diet with the effect of the most appropriate aed after 4 months * to evaluate the effect of the ketogenic diet after 4 and 13 months on the children who have been randomized to this treatment, the seizure frequency is compared with the frequency before start of treatment

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * the patient is mentally retarded * the patient has tried at least 3 different aed:s including one combination with two or more different aed:s. * the parents are willing to include their child in the study after written and verbal information. * patients with all types of epilepsy can be included. * the patient has at least 6 seizures/month. * the patient is submitted to our epilepsy center. * the seizures are possible to count * the patient has either generalized epilepsy, multifocal epilepsy or an epilepsy where it is undetermined whether it is localized or generalized such as dravet syndrome classified as g40.3-g40.9 in icd x. exclusion criteria: * the family is expected to have compliance problems with treatment and/or seizure registration. * the hospital which have submitted the patient is not willing to accept the inpatient stays and the procedures that are necessary for the project. * the patient's seizures are under acceptable control. * the patient has got a vagus nerve stimulator implanted within the last 18 months, has started a new antiepileptic drug within the last 2 months or has changed his antiepileptic drugs the last month. * the patient has a medical condition, for example a metabolic disease, where ketogenic diet is contraindicated. * the patient has a localized epilepsy classified as g40.0-g40.2 in icd x. * the patient's nutritional status is not good enough or intake of fluid is to small to permit treatment with ketogenic diet. * the patient has within the last 2 months been using medications or herbal medications that has a considerable effect on glucose metabolism, such as oral glucocorticoids. * the patient has within the last 2 months been using medications or herbal medications that has a considerable effect on metabolism of aed:s. * the patient uses herbal medicine which can interact with aed or ketogenic diet.

Keywords: epilepsy children mental retardation ketogenic diet diet
association between covid-19 and utis caused by esbl organism in infants

Conditions: Renal Insufficiency

Summary: urinary tract infections (utis) in infants and young children are one of the most common bacterial infections, usually febrile illness without source, frequently due to enterobacteriaceae, mainly escherichia coli. multidrug-resistant organisms including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) producing bacteria are becoming more prevalent. due to the risk factors of esbl-producing organisms in community-acquired (ca)-utis in infants in qatar and arab countries are still not studied because of the limited therapeutic options. hence, the importance of this study is to get knowledge about how to decrease the rapidly increasing in esbl- producing bacteria, in infants, and to use antibiotics in a suitable guideline.so, the aim of this retrospective case-control study is to determine the clinical manifestations, and investigations of urinary tract infections among infants and the association with covid-19 infection, in pediatric emergency centers at hamad general hospital - qatar. from 1st january 2015 till 1st january 2022.

in this retrospective, case-control study investigators will include all infants (0-1 year) with utis who were treated at hamad general hospital, pediatric division- pec doha, qatar, using the electronic medical records from 1st january 2015 till january 1st, 2022, diagnosed by a positive urine culture. investigators will look for the clinical manifestations, radiological and laboratory findings, renal scarring, esbl-organisms, prevalence, median age, gender, and ethnic background. participants are divided into two groups: early infancy and late infancy, esbl utis and non-esbl utis, and upper utis and lower utis. finally, utis esbl with covid-19 and without covid_19.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * all infants with utis who had been treated exclusion criteria: * patient with a mixed urine culture.

Keywords: chronic kidney diseases acute kidney injury utis in infants esbl utis chronic renal failure utis with covid-19 esbl organisms with covid-19
the effect of osteopatic cranial techniques on the audiometric and tympanometric values in children suffering from otitis media with effusion.

Conditions: Otitis Media With Effusion

Summary: children with otitis media with effusion will be treated with osteopatic cranial techniques or with a placebo treatment. before and after the treatment audiometric and tympanometric measures will take place. this procedure will be repeated 3 times, once a week and every session will last for 30-45 minutes. the fourth week, only audiometry and tympanomtry will be done.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children between 3 and 7 years old * bilateral otitis media with effusion * tympanogram type b exclusion criteria: * ventilation tubes * damage of the tympanic membrane * operation of the tympanic membrane * other illness e.g. down, craniofacial abnormalities,...
intensive home-based treadmill training and walking attainment in young children with cerebral palsy

Conditions: Cerebral Palsy

Summary: this study is designed to find the optimal dosage of home-based treadmill training needed to accelerate walking onset and to examine the long-term effects on the child's walking activity.

the purpose of this study is to determine optimal parameters for dosing home-based treadmill training by comparing high-intensity (5 days/week, twice daily for 10-20 min for 6 weeks) to low-intensity (2 days/week, once daily for 10-20 minutes for 6 weeks) treadmill training; and to compare the effects of high- versus low-intensity treadmill training on walking attainment and overall walking activity in young children with cerebral palsy. hypotheses * a more intensive protocol of treadmill training will increase walking onset in young children with cp. * a more intensive protocol of treadmill training will increase overall walking activity in young children with cp. specific aims * to determine optimal parameters for dosing home-based treadmill training by comparing high-intensity to low-intensity home-based treadmill training. * to compare the effects of high- versus low-intensity treadmill training on walking onset and overall walking activity. study design •prospective randomized controlled trial study population •two groups of 12 children with cp under the age of 3 years and are not walking yet will receive either home-based high-intensity treadmill training or low-intensity treadmill training. the children will be assessed before, immediately after, at 1-month and at 4-months following the intervention via standardized outcome measures.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * signs of walking readiness as demonstrated by the ability to sit for 30 seconds when placed and to take 5 to 7 steps when supported at the trunk or arms. * because young children often are not formally diagnosed with cp until 2 years of age, we will include children * who show bilateral impairment (i.e. diplegia and quadriplegia, but not hemiplegia) * who demonstrate upper motor neuron signs (i.e. spasticity and/or hyperreflexia) * who have been identified as high-risk for a motor disability by a physician exclusion criteria: * a history of uncontrolled seizures * a diagnosis of a genetic disorder * cardiac or orthopedic contraindications for standing and walking * orthopedic surgery in the past 6 months * use of spasticity-reducing medication or botox injections in the past 6 months

Keywords: cerebral palsy treadmill training walking
comparison of aerobic and resistance training on exercise capacity, depression and quality of life in hypothyroidism.

Conditions: Comparison of Aerobic Exercise and Resistance Training

Summary: the study will show the effects of aerobic and resistance training on exercise capacity, depression and quality of life in patients with hypothyroidism. the evaluation of tsh level before and after the exercise sessions will provide valuable data.

the study aims to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise and resistance training by comparing the two types of exercises, the finding of this study gain insights into the most effective approach for patients with hypothyroidism particularly in relation to exercise capacity, depression and quality of life. the study design is randomized controlled trial. sample size is calculated using g power program. the study duration is 6 months after the approval of research board. non probability purposive sampling is used for this study. data will be analyzed by using spss version 20.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: both males and females age between 40 to 60 years diagnosed cases of hypothyroidism duration: 2 years being diagnosed patients who easily perform exercises exclusion criteria: patients with serious comorbidities like cancer uncontrolled hypertension vitally unstable patients red flags for physiotherapy
safety, tolerability, and activity of isis 113715 in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus being treated with sulfonylurea

Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Summary: the aim of this study is to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of two isis 113715 subcutaneous doses (15 mg and 30 mg/day) in combination with oral antidiabetic agents (oad) versus oad + placebo in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes, despite ongoing maximal treatment with oad.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * male or female (post-menopausal and/or surgically sterile) * aged 18 to 70 years * diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus of eight years or less in duration * being treated with oad at stable maximum doses \[defined as at least 10 mg/day glibenclamide (preferred), or 20 mg/day glipizide, with or without at least 1,500 mg/day metformin\] for at least three months prior to screening * having fasting plasma glucose levels of 150-270 mg/dl and hba1c levels of 7.5-11.0% exclusion criteria: * greater than 3 severe hypoglycemic episodes within six months of screen * pregnant, breastfeeding, or intends to become pregnant * clinical signs or symptoms of liver disease, acute, or chronic hepatitis, or alt greater than the upper limit of normal * positive hepatitis b surface antigen, hepatitis c antibody, or hiv test * patients with history of renal transplantation or renal dialysis or microalbuminuria defined as urine albumin \> 200 mg/day * history of insulin use within three months of screen * history of diabetic ketoacidosis * treatment with any thiazolidinedione (e.g., rosiglitazone) within three months of screen * history of lactic acidosis while on metformin therapy * complications of diabetes (e.g., neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy) * clinically significant and currently active diseases * clinical significant abnormalities in medical history, physical examination, or laboratory examination

Keywords: fasting plasma glucose hba1c oral antidiabetic agent(s)
treatment strategy for rectal cancer patients with complete clinical response

Conditions: Rectal Cancer; Organ Preservation

Summary: this was a propensity-score matched observational analysis, comparing the oncological outcome of surgical resection vs watch and wait apporach for rectal cancer patients with a ccr.

pathologically confirmed stage ii/iii rectal adenocarcinoma patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by a clinical complete response from the year 2010 to 2018 were included. sequential subjects were identified from a prospective maintained database in the sun yat-sen university cancer center. clinical experts on rectal cancer from other 5 regional medical centers in china were also invited to participate, and provided data of ccr patients. standardized forms for data collection were sanded to researchers in each center. patients received radical resection will constituted our surgery group. those refused surgery constituted the observation group who went on with the watch and wait approach. a propensity-score matched observational analysis will be used to compare the oncological outcome of these two groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pathologically confirmed stage ii/iii rectal adenocarcinoma patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by a clinical complete response exclusion criteria: * history of a second primary malignancy.

Keywords: rectal cancer clinical complete response
preventing mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis b virus with tenofovir alafenamide (taf)

Conditions: Hepatitis B, Chronic; Mother to Child Transmission

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tenofovir alafenamide (taf) for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis b virus among pregnant women with high level hbv dna.

this is a single-arm multicenter, prospective, clinical study, aiming to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tenofovir alafenamide (taf) for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis b virus among pregnant women with high level hbv dna. 330 hbv-infected mothers with high level hbv dna will be enrolled and receive tenofovir alafenamide (taf) for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hbv. demographic data, antiviral treatment history, pregnancy and labour history, co-morbidity, hbv serologic marker tests, hbv dna tests, liver function tests, mode of delivery, neonatal characteristics (height, weight, head circumference, apgar score and any major birth defect), breastfeeding and post vaccination serological test for infants at 7-12 months of age are collected. a mobile health application called "shield" is used in this study to collect data and provide support for communication between mothers and their doctors. all laboratory test reports, questionnaires and other relevant information are uploaded into shield.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnant woman aged 20 to 35 years old * 24-26 week of gestation * hbsag positive more than 6 months and hbeag positive * hbv dna\> 200,000 iu/ml * informed consent is signed voluntarily by both husband and wife * good compliance and able to be followed up as planned exclusion criteria: * mothers co-infected with hcv and hiv * evidence of decompensated cirrhosis and liver cancer * mothers had other organ lesions which would affect patient compliance and follow-up plan * mothers had history of spontaneous abortion or their children had birth defect or congenital malformation * mothers received antiviral therapy within 6 months * mothers had history of kidney injury, ccr \ 300mg/l) * mothers had history of other chronic diseases and had to take immunomodulators, cytotoxic drugs or hormonal drugs during pregnancy * the infants' biological fathers are infected with hbv * symptoms of threatened abortion during early pregnancy * alt \> 1×upper limit of normal (uln), or tbil ≥ 1×uln or glomerular filtration rate (gfr) \< 90 ml/min, or albumin (alb) \< 25 g/l * fetal malformations detected by b-ultrasound during pregnancy * participating in other studies

Keywords: hepatitis b virus mother-to-child transmission antiviral prophylaxis tenofovir alafenamide
a study of mirikizumab (ly3074828) in participants with active crohn's disease

Conditions: Crohn's Disease

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the study drug mirikizumab in participants with active crohn's disease.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * active crohn's disease (cd) as determined by the ses-cd, and participant reported stool frequency and abdominal pain. * inadequate response or failure to tolerate at least one of the following: aminosalicylates; budesonide; systemic corticosteroids; immunosuppressants (eg, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, or methotrexate); or prior exposure to biologics for the treatment of cd. exclusion criteria: * have complications of cd such as strictures, stenoses, or any other manifestation for which surgery might be indicated, or that could confound the evaluation of efficacy. * diagnosis of conditions affecting the digestive tract, such as ulcerative colitis, indeterminate colitis, fistulizing disease, abdominal or perianal abscess, adenomatous colonic polyps not excised, colonic mucosal dysplasia, and short bowel syndrome. * have had any kind of bowel resection, diversion, or placement of a stoma within 6 months or any other intra-abdominal surgery within 3 months prior to screening. * are unsuitable for inclusion in the study in the opinion of the investigator or sponsor for any reason that may compromise the subject's safety or confound data interpretation.

Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease il-23 biologic