Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
freezie remedy to alleviate morning sickness

Conditions: Morning Sickness

Summary: the primary objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of lillipops in the improvement of morning sickness symptoms. secondary objectives are to assess if there are any changes to concurrent symptoms that may intensify nvp, such as metallic taste or gastrointestinal issues (e.g. heartburn, acid reflux, indigestion and gas), as well as preference for freezie flavours.

nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (nvp) is the most common medical condition of pregnancy, also known as morning sickness which affects up to 80% of pregnant women. lillipops iced soothies are naturally flavoured freezies developed in the united kingdom for women with morning sickness. they are available in 5 different flavours: grapefruit and tangerine, lemon and mint, chamomile and orange, lime and vanilla, and ginger. the flavours are derived from steam distillation of the peels (grapefruit, tangerine, lemon, orange, lime), mint leaves, and chamomile flowers to release and collect their essential oils. vanilla pods and ginger are macerated and their resin is used. these flavours are chosen because they may provide relief of symptoms as they are either traditional remedies for nvp, such as ginger, or soothing and refreshing flavours, such as chamomile, vanilla and citrus. this study hypothesizes that using lillipops iced soothies will reduce the severity of nvp symptoms according to the puqe-24 (pregnancy-unique quantification of emesis and nausea) scoring system for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. in addition, we hypothesize concurrent symptoms that may intensify nvp, such as metallic taste or gastrointestinal disorders (e.g. heartburn, acid reflux, indigestion and gas), will be alleviated. we hypothesize that improvements to nvp and concurrent symptoms will be greater with lillipop freezies compared to another commercially available freezie.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * pregnancy between 4 and 12 weeks gestation. * pregnant women with nvp, regardless of treatment (if any) for their nvp. * provide the signed informed consent form prior to initial interview. * able to come in person to sick kids or meet at an agreed location. exclusion criteria: * gestational age beyond 12 weeks of pregnancy. * pregnant women less than 18 years of age. * women who are not proficient in the english language. * unable to consume any of the ingredients listed in lillipops or mr. freeze freezies due to allergies, medication interactions or other reasons. * women refusing to avoid sources of ginger products for the duration of the study.

Keywords: morning sickness lillipops iced soothies pregnancy obstetrics
customized prk with mitomycin versus customized lasik for myopic astigmatism

Conditions: Refractive Errors

Summary: the present study was designed to compare the use of mitomycin in prk for the treatment of refractive errors and to compare these results to customized lasik


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * myopia or compound myopic astigmatism, stable refractive error, no associated eye disease exclusion criteria: * diabetes, autoimmune diseases, topographic abnormalities

Keywords: myopia excimer laser
a study of the efficacy and safety of perox quench on the prevention of oxaliplatin treatment induced neuropathy

Conditions: Colorectal Cancer; Advanced Gastric Cancer; Neuropathy

Summary: chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (cipn) is a progressive, enduring, and often irreversible condition featuring pain, numbness, tingling and sensitivity to cold in the hands and feet (sometimes progressing to the arms and legs) that afflicts between 30 and 40 percent of patients undergoing chemotherapy. american society of clinical oncology (asco) guidance on the journal of clinical oncology (jco, 2014 april 14) does not recommend any prophylaxis regimen for cipn. perox quench has unique membrane protection and anti-oxidative function as a special food, that's why to try to explore its preventive effects on cipn prevention induced by oxaliplatin for colorectal cancer or gastric cancer chemotherapy.

this study uses two stage group-sequential sampling design, based on current data, assumed the cipn incidence rate is 50% in placebo arm, while 20% in perox quench arm（60% reduction）, set a=0.05，80％ power, random allocation ratio is 1:1, obtained the subjects number is 41（total 82) by pass 11 software for superior design; considering 10% drop out rate, final number of subjects totally is 90.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age between 18-80 years old, male and female 2. without anti-cancer treatment before randomization, ecog score 0-2 3. estimate to bear at least 4 cycles chemotherapy treatment with normal function of heart, lungs, liver and kidneys. 4. survival expectation ≥6 months 5. signed informed consent form, willing to follow all study procedures exclusion criteria: 1. received chemotherapy treatment within 4 weeks before randomization. 2. current peripheral neuropathy(by chemotherapy, diabetes mellitus, alcoholic disease) and relative symptoms with relevant treatment. 3. concurrent treatment within 30 days after randomization with the following drugs: calcium-magnesium injection, glutathione, and similar ingredients with perox quench (such as polyene phosphatidyl choline). 4. laboratory tests found not suitable for chemotherapy patients (absolute neutrophil count \ ; or platelet count\ ; or hemoglobin \ 2 upper limit of normal (uln), alanine aminotransferase (alt)/aspartate aminotransferase (ast)\>3 upper limit of normal (uln); or serum creatinine \>1.5 upper limit of normal (uln) \<or creatinine clearance rate ≤60ml/min\>）. 5. pregnancy, lactation and reluctant to using contraception women. 6. patients with symptomatic brain metastases and other mental disorders could not be self assessment. 7. alcohol and/or drug abuse or doctors determine compliance's claim. 8. within a month in other clinical trial subjects. 9. once into the group of this study, or random within eight weeks before using this product. 10. personnel involved this study. 11. not completed independent self assessment of patients. 12. other researchers determine does not fit to participate in this study.
two-week course versus conventionally fractionated chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer

Conditions: Response to Toxin; Toxicity; Recurrence

Summary: the investigators compare two-week course of chemoradiation (33 gy in 10 fractions with oral capecitabine) and conventional chemoradiation (50.4 gy in 28 fractions with 5-fu and leucovorin) in this randomized trial.

1.1 experimental arm two-week course concurrent chemoradiotherapy * radiotherapy, 33 gy/10 fractions for 2 weeks ↓↓↓↓↓ ↓↓↓↓↓ radical surgery 6 weeks after completion of chemoradiotherapy d1----------------------d12 * capecitabine 825 mg/m2, twice daily 1.2 control arm standard concurrent chemoradiotherapy (crt) * radiotherapy, 50.4 gy/28 fractions for 6 weeks ↓↓↓↓↓ ↓↓↓↓↓ ↓↓↓↓↓ ↓↓↓↓↓ ↓↓↓↓↓ ↓↓↓ radical surgery d1--------------------------------------------------------------------------d38 * bolus 5-fu, 400 mg/ m2 and leucovorin, 20 mg/ m2 during week 1 and 5 * capecitabine, 825 mg/ m2, bid

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma; 2. distal margin of the tumor located \< 10 cm from the anal verge; 3. ct3-4n0-2 classification as determined by magnetic resonance imaging (mri) and/or endorectal ultrasonography (eus); 4. no evidence of distant metastasis; 5. karnofsky performance score over 70; 6. adequate bone marrow, liver, and renal function (leucocytes \>4000/mm3, hemoglobin \>10 g/dl, platelets \>100,000/mm3; serum bilirubin \<1.5 mg/dl, serum transaminase \<2.5 times the upper normal limit; serum creatinine \<1.5 mg/dl). exclusion criteria: 1. metastatic disease 2. no complete resection of tumor (r2)

Keywords: tumor response toxicity recurrence chemoradiotherpy rectum
repeated low-level red-light therapy for shortening axial length

Conditions: High Myopia; Refractive Errors; Eye Diseases

Summary: the purpose of this clinical trial is to confirm the incidence and magnitude of axial length shortening after rlrl therapy in chinese high myopia children and teenagers.

high myopia has become a major public concern globally, which is characterized by excessive axial elongation of the eyeball. axial elongation is accompanied by mechanical stretching and thinning of the choroid and sclera, causing vision-threatening complications. rlrl therapy is an emerging effective and safe therapy for myopia control. previous clinical trials in china have observed clinically significant axial shortening after rlrl treatment. the purpose of this study is to confirm and identify possible mechanism for axial length (al) shortening after 12-month rlrl therapy in chinese highly myopic children and teenagers aged 6-16 years. in addition to single vision spectacles, subjects will receive rlrl treatment at home under supervision of the parents according to a standard protocol. axial length, visual acuity, cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction, intraocular pressure, slit lamp, optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography and ultrawide-field optical coherence tomography will be measured at 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. this trial will be extended to 3 years and follow-up visits are scheduled at 18-, 24-, 30- and 36-month.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. provision of consent. 2. age: ≥ 6 and ≤ 16 years at enrolment. 3. high myopia: cycloplegic sphere ≤ -6.00 diopters (d) in both eyes. 4. willing and able to participate in all required activities of the study. 5. the children currently on myopia control treatment can be recruited if myopia control treatments (including but not limited to atropine, orthokeratology, rigid gas-permeable lenses, defocus spectacles, etc.) are discontinued for at least 2 weeks. 6. normal fundus, tessellated fundus or with peripapillary diffuse chorioretinal atrophy. exclusion criteria: 1. secondary myopia, such as a history of retinopathy of prematurity or neonatal problems, or syndromic myopia with a known genetic disease or connective tissue disorders, such as stickler or marfan syndrome. 2. pathologic myopia with signs of macula-involving diffuse chorioretinal atrophy, patchy chorioretinal atrophy, macular atrophy, lacquer cracks, myopic choroidal neovascularization or fuchs' spots. 3. strabismus and binocular vision abnormalities in either eye. 4. previous any intraocular surgery affecting refractive status. 5. other reasons, including but not limited to ocular or other systemic abnormalities, that the physician may consider inappropriate for enrolment.
validation of artificial intelligence enabled tb screening and diagnosis in zambia

Conditions: Tuberculosis

Summary: tuberculosis (tb) is a global epidemic and for many years has remained a major cause of death throughout the developing world. zambia is among the top 30 tb/hiv high burden countries. chest x-ray (cxr) is recommended as a triaging test for tb, and a diagnostic aid when available. however, many high-burden settings lack access to experienced radiologists capable of interpreting these images, resulting in mixed sensitivity, poor specificity, and large inter-observer variation. in recognition of this challenge, the world health organization has recommended the use of automated systems that utilize artificial intelligence (ai) to read cxrs for screening and triaging for tb. in this study, we primarily evaluate the performance of our ai algorithm for tb, and secondarily for abnormal/normal.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participants who are 18 years and older with a known hiv status or are willing to undergo hiv testing if unknown hiv status and meet the following criteria will be included in the study: * presumptive tb patients defined as having any of the following: ○ cough, weight loss, night sweats, fever * household /close tb contacts regardless of symptoms * newly diagnosed hiv regardless of symptoms. exclusion criteria: * individuals who do meet the above inclusion criteria will be excluded. in addition, individuals with history of tb treatment within 365 days prior to enrolment will be excluded.

Keywords: screening diagnosis artificial intelligence chest x-ray
mri hydronephrosis study

Conditions: Hydronephrosis; Kidney Swelling

Summary: the purpose of this study is to compare a rapid noncontrast mri protocol not requiring sedation to ultrasound in the assessment of hydronephrosis.

ultrasound is the most commonly performed imaging modality used to assess hydronephrosis. the average renal ultrasound exam takes about 15-25 minutes to complete, however, it does have several disadvantages, including substantial operator dependence, having to rely on an adequate "sonographic window" to see the structures of interest and difficulty in visualization of portions of the kidney and urinary tracts. recent mri advances have made rapid imaging possible. such imaging has minimized motion related artifacts and need for sedation. this study is to compare traditional ultrasound imaging to a raid noncontrast protocol mri examination of the kidneys and urinary tract that would require no sedation and less than 15 minutes to perform.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children 2 years of age and younger * diagnosed with hydronephrosis and scheduled for an ultrasound scan exclusion criteria: * healthy subjects
pilot study of connected diabetes technology

Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

Summary: to test the hypothesis that remote sharing of health data - including measured blood glucose values as well as patient-reported carbohydrate counts and insulin doses - with the uc davis pediatric diabetes team via connected health applications is feasible for pediatric patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * newly diagnosed with t1d in the past 6 weeks * daily access to the internet via a wireless connection exclusion criteria: * does not plan to attend the uc davis pediatric endocrinology clinic for future diabetes care * primary caregiver does not speak english
a study of two vismodegib regimens in participants with multiple basal cell carcinomas

Conditions: Basal Cell Carcinoma

Summary: this randomized, double-blind, regimen-controlled, phase ii, multicenter study will assess the efficacy and safety of two different vismodegib regimens in participants with multiple basal cell carcinoma. participants will receive vismodegib 150 mg orally once daily either in an intermittent schedule of 12 weeks vismodegib followed by 8 weeks placebo (arm a) or as 24 weeks induction followed by an intermittent schedule of 8 weeks placebo followed by 8 weeks vismodegib (arm b). anticipated time on study treatment is 72 weeks.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult participants, \>/= 18 years of age * participants with multiple basal cell carcinomas, including participants with gorlin syndrome, with at least 6 clinically evident basal cell carcinomas at the time of randomization, of which 3 measure 5 mm or more in diameter and are considered target lesions. all other lesions are considered to be non-target lesions * histopathologic confirmation that at least one of the three target lesions is basal cell carcinoma * eastern cooperative oncology group (ecog) performance status of 0, 1 or 2 * adequate renal and hepatic function and hematopoietic capacity * women of childbearing potential must agree to use contraception as defined by protocol during treatment and for at least 9 months after completion of study treatment * male participants with female partners of childbearing potential must agree to use contraception as defined by protocol during treatment and for 2 months after completion of study treatment exclusion criteria: * inability or unwillingness to swallow capsules * pregnant or breastfeeding women * any metastatic basal cell carcinoma * locally advanced basal cell carcinoma lesion that is considered to be inoperable or to have medical contraindications to surgery * recent (i.e., within the past 28 days prior to randomization) or current participation in another experimental drug study * known or suspected alcohol abuse * one of the following known rare hereditary conditions: galactose intolerance, primary hypolactasia or glucose-galactose malabsorption
neutropenic fever, inflammatory markers and sepsis in haematological patients

Conditions: Sepsis

Summary: the aim of this study is to find out whether inflammation markers including cardiac markers have predictive value in evaluation of pathogenesis of sepsis in neutropenic haematological patients.

adult aml and asct patients with neutropenic fever. observation of possible progress to severe sepsis or septic shock. blood sample collection on days 0-3 (from the beginning of neutropenic fever).

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * diagnosis: acute myeloid leukaemia * age under 70 years * neutropenic fever exclusion criteria: * age above 70 years * no neutropenic fever

Keywords: severe sepsis in neutropenic haematological patients
zoledronic acid in the prevention of cancer treatment related bone loss in postmenopausal women receiving letrozole for breast cancer.

Conditions: Bone Loss; Breast Cancer

Summary: post-menopausal breast cancer patients will receive letrozole 2.5 mg daily for the treatment of breast cancer and will be randomized to a treatment group to receive either upfront zoledronic acid 4 mg iv 15-minute infusion every 6 months or delayed start zoledronic acid 4 mg iv 15-minute infusion every 6 months. delayed start zoledronic acid will be initiated when either the bone mineral density t-score is below -2 standard deviations at either the lumbar spine or hip or any clinical fracture unrelated to trauma or an asymptomatic fracture discovered at the month 36 scheduled visit. letrozole 2.5 mg will be given daily for 5 years.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * stage i-iiia breast cancer * postmenopausal or recently postmenopausal * recent surgery for breast cancer * estrogen receptor positive and/or progesterone receptor positive hormone receptor status * no prior treatment with letrozole other protocol-defined inclusion criteria may apply. exclusion criteria: * metastatic disease * invasive bilateral disease * clinical or radiological evidence of existing fracture in spine or hip * prior treatment with iv bisphosphonates in the past 12 months * current treatment with oral bisphosphonates ( must be discontinued within 3 weeks of baseline evaluation) * use of tibolone within 6 months * prior use of parathyroid hormone for more than 1 week * previous or concomitant malignancy * abnormal renal function * history of disease effecting bone metabolism other protocol-defined exclusion criteria may apply.

Keywords: bone loss osteopenia breast cancer letrozole zoledronic acid postmenopausal
neural respiratory drive in pulmonary hypertension

Conditions: Pulmonary Hypertension

Summary: investigating neural respiratory drive by examining parasternal emg measurements in patients presenting for assessment of presumed pulmonary hypertension.

nrd can be assessed by measuring parasternal electromyogram (emg). readings are taken by applying two small electrodes in the second intercostal space either side of the sternum and one to the shoulder. the electrodes are similar to those used in ecg acquisition. measurements are then taken during normal breathing and also during maximal breathing effort ('sniff' procedure). tests may be taken with patient recumbent at 45 degrees and supine. the test is non-invasive, has been safely performed in patients in previous studies and is not anticipated to cause any harm or distress. the total time for measurements will be around 20 minutes per patient. nrd will be calculated as root mean square of normal tidal breathing as a proportion of maximal inspiratory effort (maximum inspiration from functional reserve capacity, taken as a sniff manoeuvre). measurements will be performed in a ward based setting at the patient's bedside. at the end of the inpatient stay for diagnosis, some patients are commenced on treatment and followed up in clinic. it would be the intention of the investigators to reassess these patients at clinic to test nrd and compare how this changes over time compared to other clinical parameters. in addition, we will collect further readings of nrd in these patients when they attend for their standard follow up appointment. for the majority of patients, this will be after 3-4 months. for a subset of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, this may be up to one year after initial readings because these patients may be suitable for surgical intervention, which is not done locally and usually takes place 6-12 months after diagnosis at spvu. as such, the investigators intend that a patient will take part in the study for 52 weeks maximum, with most patients taking part for 16 weeks, and the study will not require them to have any additional attendances at hospital outwith their standard hospital admission for diagnosis and clinic follow up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * able to give informed consent * being investigated for pulmonary hypertension exclusion criteria: * patient is pregnant * patient has a diagnosed neuromuscular disorder
study of the intervention effect of outdoor activity period patterns in promoting myopia among preschool children

Conditions: Axial Length; Myopia

Summary: this study is a randomized controlled trial based on outdoor activity interventions at specific time periods, involving preschool children aged 4 to 5 years. it compared the axial length and myopia incidence between the intervention group and the control group at the 6th and 12th months of the intervention to determine the effect of outdoor activities at specific time periods on the prevention of myopia in preschool children. additionally, the study investigated the association between outdoor activities at specific time periods and axial length and myopia in preschool children.

preschool children with insufficient outdoor activity during specific time periods from one kindergarten were assigned to the intervention group, while those from another kindergarten with insufficient outdoor activity during specific time periods were assigned to the control group. the intervention group received an additional 1 hour of outdoor activity during a specific time period on each school day, while the control group did not receive any intervention and continued their regular routine. the intervention lasted for one year. participants underwent multiple assessments after joining the study. these assessments took place at baseline, at the 6th month of the intervention, and at the 12th month.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * students and their families were informed and voluntarily participated in the study, with parents signing the informed consent form. * able to cooperate with eye examinations and questionnaires. exclusion criteria: * communication barriers, unable to cooperate. * strabismus, amblyopia, or any other ocular or systemic diseases that may affect refractive development. * children currently using orthokeratology lenses or rigid contact lenses. * using other interventions (such as acupuncture, massage, medication, ear acupuncture, etc.) to control myopia, apart from school eye exercises.