Kornimate/medical-research-clean huggingface dataset:
impact of hiv on measles and measles immunisation

Conditions: HIV Infection; Measles; Children

Summary: we conducted a longitudinal study to assess the immunogenicity of standard-titer measles vaccine in hiv-infected and uninfected zambian children. the study hypothesis was that hiv-infected children would have higher rates of primary and secondary measles vaccine failure compared to uninfected children, contributing to decreased levels of population immunity to measles and facilitating measles virus transmission in regions of high hiv prevalence.

despite great progress in measles control in sub-saharan africa, measles remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in young children. in regions of high hiv prevalence, measles virus transmission may be sustained despite high immunization coverage rates if hiv-infected children are important transmitters of measles virus. factors potentially contributing to enhanced measles virus transmission by hiv-infected children include an early decline in protective maternal antibody titers resulting in susceptibility to measles at a younger age, and high rates of primary and secondary measles vaccine failure. to evaluate the potential impact of the hiv-1 epidemic on immunity following measles vaccination, we conducted a longitudinal study to compare the primary vaccine failure rate and rate of antibody decline following administration of standard-titer measles vaccine at nine months of age to hiv-infected and hiv-uninfected zambian children. our results show that children born to hiv-infected women have lower levels of passively-acquired maternal antibodies to measles virus prior to the age of routine vaccination at 9 months, and hiv-infected children are particularly susceptible to measles in infancy. this finding supports the who recommendation to provide the first dose of measles vaccine to hiv-infected children at 6 months. furthermore, hiv-infected children develop adequate primary antibody responses to measles vaccine in the months following vaccination but lose protective antibody titers by two to three years of age. mitigating the potential impact of this decreased immunogenicity on the level of population immunity to measles virus was the high mortality rate observed among hiv-infected children. improved access to antiretroviral therapy will likely improve the survival of hiv-infected children without enhancing protective immunity to measles virus, although this has yet to be investigated. we are working to incorporate our findings into a mathematical model to better understand the impact of the hiv-1 epidemic on measles control strategies and to investigate the immunologic mechanisms for impaired memory b cell responses in hiv-infected children.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children aged 2 to 8 months presenting for well-child care * reside within 10 miles of the study clinic * parents or caretakers provide signed informed consent exclusion criteria: -children with severe illness

Keywords: hiv measles measles vaccine children zambia
colonoscopy motivation for patients with positive immunochemical fecal test

Conditions: Colon Cancer

Summary: patients with an immunochemical fecal test positive, have to undergo a colonoscopy. around 10% doesn't realize the colonoscopy. this study evaluate the impact of a motivational phone call (given by a doctor) to improve colonoscopy participation. and try to understand why this patients don't want to make this examination.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * immunochemical fecal test positive but no colonoscopy performed despite a full sequence of reminder (3 letters) exclusion criteria: * colonoscopy done

Keywords: colonoscopy immunochemical fecal test screening
a feasibility open trial of app-enhanced brief cbt for suicidal inpatients

Conditions: Suicidal and Self-injurious Behavior

Summary: the purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of integrating brief cognitive-behavioral therapy (bcbt) counseling with a software application (app) to prevent future suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

participants will provide written informed consent. participants will complete up to 4 sessions of bcbt (depending on length of stay) incorporating the use of a smartphone app. this study treatment will be completed in addition to usual care in an open trial design. assessments will be completed at intake, discharge, and 1-, 2-, and 3-month follow-up.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * history of suicide attempt (lifetime) and active ideation (with or without plan or intent) on admission * own and have access to their phone (iphone or android with capability to download apps) during their inpatient stay * ability to understand the nature of the study and provide written informed consent * willing and able to provide at least two verifiable contacts for emergency or tracking purposes * expected length of stay long enough to complete the entire treatment protocol exclusion criteria: * not fluent in english * experiencing current mania or psychosis * have lifetime history of schizophrenia spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, or organic brain illness * inpatient treatment plan includes detox protocol or electroconvulsive therapy * any other psychiatric or medical condition that in the investigator's opinion would preclude informed consent or participation in the trial
botswana pediatric respiratory disease and bloodstream infection study

Conditions: HIV Infections; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Sepsis

Summary: the purpose of this study is to learn about lower respiratory tract and bloodstream diseases among infants born to hiv positive mothers in botswana. study factors include how commonly infants get these diseases, the causes, and outcomes. the study will also try to measure the protective effect, if any, of breast feeding on respiratory disease illness and deaths.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * participation in parent study, "mashi" hiv vertical transmission prevention study for pregnant botswana women and their infants

Keywords: hiv infected mothers infants at risk of hiv-infection infant lower respiratory tract disease infant bloodstream infection
l-arginine versus sildenafil in children with beta thalassemia associated with pulmonary hypertension

Conditions: Thalassemia

Summary: this study compares l-arginine versus sildenafil as treatment for pulmonary hypertension in children with beta thalassemia

this study focuses on different lines of treatment for pulmonary hypertension in children with thalassemia as this study discusses the effect of l-arginine versus sildenafil in children with beta thalassemia associated with pulmonary hypertension

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * children with thalassemia and pulmonary hypertension. exclusion criteria: * rheumatic heart diseases. * other comorbid disease
cognitive behavioral therapy for adolescents with bulimia

Conditions: Bulimia Nervosa

Summary: this pilot study will evaluate the effectiveness of individual cognitive behavioral therapy (cbt) and supportive psychotherapy (sp) in reducing bulimic symptoms among adolescents.

patients will be randomized to have an equal chance of either receiving cbt or sp. participants will include both individuals with dsm-iv bulimia nervosa (bn), and patients with sub-threshold bn. adolescent patients will be treated at the new york state psychiatric institute, with a target recruitment of 20 patients completing the study. participants in both conditions will be assessed prior to treatment and at the end of treatment. this trial is intended to serve as a pilot investigation to determine the feasibility and utility of a larger controlled study in this population.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. age between 12 and 18 2. dsm-iv diagnosis of bulimia nervosa or sub-threshold bulimia nervosa (binge eating and/or purging at least once per week) exclusion criteria: 1. diagnosis of bipolar disorder 2. current psychosis 3. drug or alcohol abuse in the past 3 months 4. acute suicidal risk 5. major depression producing significant functional impairment 6. significant medical illness 7. weight outside of normal weight range (between 85% and 120% of the 50th percentile for age as measured by standard growth charts)

Keywords: bn and subthreshold bn
effect of probiotic lactobacillus reuteri in the treatment of mucositis and periimplantitis

Conditions: Mucositis; Peri-implantitis

Summary: evaluate clinically and microbiologically the effect of the oral probiotic lactobacillus reuteri prodentis (periobalance®, sunstar, switzerland) on implants with mucositis or periimplantitis, as a coadjuvant treatment of mechanical therapy.

a total of 44 patients, 22 with mucositis and 22 with periimplantitis, were randomly assigned to either the control or the test group, so that 11 patients received placebo and 11 probiotic treatment. after the baseline clinical, radiological and microbiological examination, and once the study group was randomly assigned (probiotic or placebo), supragingival prophylaxis was performed in the mucositis group and subgingival mechanical therapy in the periimplantitis group. then they get a container with 30 probiotic or placebo tablets and instructions on how and when to take them. at 30 and 90 days after beginning the treatment, a clinical, radiological and microbiological examination was performed.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * adult patients with general good health, * non-smokers, * history of mild or moderate chronic periodontitis * at least one dental implant with probing pocket depth ≥4mm together with bleeding on probing and/or suppuration, and a fixed prosthetic restoration in function for at least 12 months, * compliance with the periodontal maintenance program, * accessibility during all the study period and receptiveness and ability to fulfill with the protocol. exclusion criteria: * pregnant or lactating women, * patients who required prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis or had taken local or systemic antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic or probiotic therapy in the previous 3 months, * subjects who had received surgical periodontal treatment in the last 6 months, * uncontrolled periodontal disease, * previous or current history of alcoholism or smoking, * treatment with bisphosphonates, neurologic deficiencies, systemic diseases such as immunodeficiencies or uncontrolled diabetes, rheumatoid, hepatic, renal, cardiovascular or infectious pathologies, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, use of any medication which can affect at periodontal level, * lack of patient cooperation (failure to follow the treatment instructions and/or failure to attend visits), * implants with mobility and/or radiographic bone loss ≥ 5mm and/or ≥ 50% of implant length.

Keywords: mucositis, periimplantitis, probiotic
effects of oral doxofylline and procaterol on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Conditions: COPD

Summary: the goal of this clinical trial is to determine if doxofylline and procaterol are effective in treating patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). it will also assess the safety of both drugs. the main questions it aims to answer are: * does doxofylline demonstrate a comparable bronchodilator effect to procaterol in copd participants? * what medical problems do participants experience when taking doxofylline and procaterol?"

this study is a randomized crossover study. copd patients aged 40 years or older with stable disease were included. each patient received 4 weeks of treatment with either doxofylline or procaterol followed by a 2-week washout period, and then 4 weeks of treatment with the other drug. respiratory symptoms were assessed by modified medical research council (mmrc) dyspnea scale and copd assessment test (cat). pulmonary functions were assessed by spirometry with bronchodilator testing, and adverse events were recorded. spirometry data including forced expiratory volume in 1 second (fev1), forced vital capacity (fvc), and forced expiratory flow at 25-75% of fvc (fef25-75) were also collected.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * copd diagnosis confirmed by spirometry (post-bronchodilator fev1/fvc \< 70%) * aged 40 years or older * smoking 10 pack-years or more * postbronchodilator fev1 \< 80% exclusion criteria: * history of copd exacerbation within 3 months * oral or intravenous corticosteroid treatment within 6 weeks * oral bronchodilators e.g. doxofylline, theophylline, procaterol, or salbutamol within 1 week before randomization * asthma * tracheostomy, invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation * inability to perform spirometry or 6-minute walk test * pregnant or breastfeeding women

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd bronchodilator doxofylline procaterol pulmonary function
effect of noise blocking during general anesthesia on postoperative pain

Conditions: Postoperative Pain

Summary: to investigate the effect of noise blocking during general anesthesia on postoperative pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic abdominal surgery. the aim of this study was to determine whether noise blocking can reduce postoperative pain, analgesic use, and its possible effects on intraoperative electrocorticogram.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * asa classification ⅰ-ⅲ * patients undergoing elective laparoscopic abdominal surgery under general anesthesia * voluntarily accept pcia and signed informed consent exclusion criteria: * patients with previous severe disease * patients with hearing abnormalities * patients requiring mechanical ventilation or undergoing epidural catheters or other types of regional anesthesia after surgery * patients with chronic preoperative pain and/or long-term analgesic use * patients who could not cooperate with the study for any reason

Keywords: noise blocking postoperative pain
comparison of two regimens of dexamethasone in the prevention of hypersensitivity reactions to paclitaxel, a pilot study

Conditions: Prevention of Hypersensitivity Reactions to Paclitaxel

Summary: this is a prospective, randomized, unicentric, two-arm, parallel, controlled, and double blind pilot study. the purpose of this pilot study is to assess the feasibility of a trial designed to compare the quality of life of patients taking dexamethasone in two different ways to prevent hypersensitivity reactions to paclitaxel. dexamethasone given intravenously (iv) 30 minutes before paclitaxel could improve quality of life, could adequately prevent hypersensitivity reactions to paclitaxel and could reduce adverse effects compared to dexamethasone given orally 12 hours and 6 hours before paclitaxel.

primary objective: to assess the feasibility of a randomized, parallel, two-arm, controlled and double blind trial designed to compare the quality of life of patients taking dexamethasone 20 mg iv 30 minutes before paclitaxel with those taking a standard dose of dexamethasone, 20 mg orally 12 hours and 6 hours before paclitaxel, in patients taking paclitaxel every two to three weeks for a minimum of two cycles in order to estimate a sample size. secondary objectives: between the two study groups, to compare: * quality of life during the first two cycles of chemotherapy; * efficacy of dexamethasone in preventing acute hypersensitivity reactions to paclitaxel in the first two cycles of chemotherapy; * adverse effects associated with dexamethasone on a daily basis during the first seven days of the first two cycles of chemotherapy. eligible patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to one of the two study groups.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patient treated at the outpatient clinic or admitted to the oncology unit of notre-dame hospital between february 4, 2013 and july 19, 2013; * patient diagnosed with cancer; * patient starting a chemotherapy containing paclitaxel every two to three weeks for a minimum of two cycles; * patient aged 18 years and over; * patient able to give free and informed consent and who agrees to participate by signing the consent form; * patient able to complete the questionnaire on quality of life eortc qlq-c30 and the personal logbook. exclusion criteria: * patient unable to speak english or french; * patient who has previously received paclitaxel; * patient receiving a prescription of paclitaxel bound to albumin; * patient is currently under treatment with systemic corticosteroids or has received systemic corticosteroids during the last week; * patient in another research protocol evaluating a different chemotherapy regimen; * patient who had an allergic reaction to taxanes; * patient with severe intolerance to lactose; * patient with an allergy or a severe intolerance to products containing castor oil (eg.: cyclosporine and vitamin k).

Keywords: hypersensitivity, drug
efficacy of lactobacillus gg (lgg) in children with abdominal pain

Conditions: Functional Abdominal Pain

Summary: probiotics play an important role in preventing overgrowth of potentially pathogenic bacteria and maintaining the integrity of the gut mucosal barrier. the beneficial effects of probiotics have been previously studied in adult patients with ibs. even though most of the studies demonstrate efficacy, other studies do not support these observations. few studies addresses the efficacy of probiotics in children with ibs. the goal of the present study was to determine whether oral administration of the probiotic lactobacillus gg under randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled conditions would improve symptoms of children with abdominal pain.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * patients were considered for study inclusion, if they were 4 - 12 years of age and had if they had a pain history of at least 12 weeks (which need not be consecutive) in the preceding 12 months suggestive for ibs or fap with no structural or metabolic abnormalities to explain the symptoms and according to the rome ii diagnostic criteria valid at the time of the design of the study. * ibs was diagnosed in presence of an abdominal discomfort or pain with at least two of three features: * relieved with defecation * onset associated with a change in stool frequency * onset associated with a change in the form (appearance) of the stool. * fap was diagnosed in presence of symptoms of * continuous (nearly continuous) abdominal pain * no or only occasional relation of pain with physiological events (e.g. eating, menses) * some loss of daily functioning * the pain is not feigned (e.g. malingering) * the patient has insufficient criteria for other functional gastrointestinal disorders that would explain the abdominal pain. exclusion criteria: * known concomitant psychiatric, neurological, metabolic, hepatic, renal, infectious, haematological, cardiovascular and pulmonary disease * treatment with antibiotics/probiotics in the last 2 months * a pain history suggestive for functional dyspepsia or aerophagia or abdominal migrain * growth failure * gastroparesis * gastrointestinal obstructions/stricture * any disease that may affect bowel motility such as diabetes, connective disease or poorly controlled hypo/hyperthyrodism * previous abdominal surgery.
premenstrual syndrome and interpersonal counseling

Conditions: Premenstrual Syndrome

Summary: this study aims to test the effectiveness of interpersonal counseling in pms symptom management in university students experiencing pms symptoms.

people diagnosed with premestrual syndrome were identified through an online questionnaire. 80 people who were identified and accepted to study were divided into two groups as experiment and control. initially, pre-menstrual screening tool, interpersonal relationship dimensions scale and perceived stress scale were applied to all groups. then, 8 sessions of interpersonal counseling, each lasting 40 minutes, were applied to the experimental group for 2 months. scales were repeated for both groups after the application was completed. repeated measurements were made 3 months later.

Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: 1. according to the pre-menstrual symptom screening instrument, which is located in the group living with aes (pre-mental syndrome) 2. between the ages of 18-30 3. menstruating at regular intervals for at least 2 years (21-35 days) 4. those who have never given birth 5. speak and understand turkish 6. it will consist of people who have not received antidepressant, oral contraceptive or hormone therapy for any reason. exclusion criteria: 1. having a known gynecological disease (endometriosis, polycystic ovary, ...) 2. a known, ongoing physical health problem (diabetes, rheumatic disease, ...) 3. any psychiatric disease diagnosed (psychotic disorder, mood disorder, anxiety disorder ...) 4. people who use cigarettes, alcohol or substances

Keywords: premenstrual syndrome interpersonal counseling
a study of ly3202626 on disease progression in participants with mild alzheimer's disease dementia

Conditions: Alzheimer's Disease

Summary: the main purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and the effect on brain tau of the study drug ly3202626 in participants with mild alzheimer's disease (ad) dementia.


Eligibility criteria:
inclusion criteria: * present with mild ad dementia based on the national institute on aging (nia) and the alzheimer's association (aa) disease diagnostic criteria as determined by a qualified clinician approved by the sponsor or designee. * mini-mental state examination score of 20 to 26 inclusive at screening visit. * has a florbetapir pet scan consistent with the presence of amyloid pathology at screening. exclusion criteria: * significant neurological disease affecting the central nervous system (cns), other than ad, that may affect cognition or ability to complete the study, including but not limited to, other dementias, serious infection of the brain, parkinson's disease, multiple concussions, or epilepsy or recurrent seizures (except febrile childhood seizures). * ocular pathology that significantly limits ability to reliably evaluate vision or the retina. * use of strong inducers of cytochrome p450 3a (cyp3a). * sensitivity to florbetapir or ¹⁸f-av-1451. * contraindication to mri or pet or poor venous access for blood draws.

Keywords: bace inhibitor