Fluor Intercontinental, Inc.
Docket: ASBCA 60729
Decision date: 2017-05-03

ARMED SERVICES BOARD OF CONTRACT APPEALS 
Appeal of --
Fluor Intercontinental, Inc. 
Under Contract No. W52PIJ-07-D-0008 
APPEARANCES FOR THE APPELLANT: 
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APPEARANCES FOR THE GOVERNMENT: 
ASBCA No. 60729 
Gregory A. Smith, Esq. 
Zachary D. Prince, Esq. 
Daniel Q. Homer, Esq. 
Smith Pachter Mc Whorter 
PLC 
Tysons Comer, VA 
Donald M. Yenovkian II, Esq. 
Senior Counsel 
Raymond M. Saunders, Esq. 
Army Chief Trial Attorney 
MAJ Christopher M. Coy, JA 
Trial Attorney 
OPINION BY ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE O'CONNELL 
ON THE GOVERNMENT'S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT 
The government 
moves for summary judgment, contending that a modification 
converted the third and fourth option years (OY3, OY4) of a task order to cost plus a 
fixed fee of 5.87 percent. The government also requests that we remand the 12-month 
extension period after OY4 to the parties for negotiation of the fee. Appellant, Fluor 
Intercontinental, Inc. (Fluor), opposes. We deny the motion. 
STATEMENT OF FACTS (SOF) FOR PURPOSES OF THE MOTION 
The following facts are undisputed for purposes of the motion, unless stated 
otherwise. 
1. In early 2009, the Army awarded Fluor task order 5 (T05) on the 
above-referenced contract to provide a menu of services in Afghanistan on a 
cost-plus-award-fee basis. T05 included a base year and four option years. Ultimately, 
the Army exercised all of the options and extended the task order for an additional 
12-month term beyond OY4. (R4, tabs 1, 37, 56) 

2. The Army did not simply exercise the options for each year. Rather, its 
practice was to issue a request for proposals (RFP) for each option in an apparent 
recognition that the work was evolving. For example, with respect to OY2, the Army 
issued an RFP on 13 February 2012 stating that it (the RFP) "reflects the Government's 
realization that costs above the competitively established matrix pricing baseline may 
be 
incurred, as a result of changes to the matrix baseline.... Fluor should thus use their 
experiential knowledge of operations in Theater as of the date of this letter to determine 
appropriate costs for OY2 .... " (R4, tab 53 at 527) 
3. During the performance of OY2, the parties signed bilateral Modification 
No. 60 (Mod. 60) (R4, tab 3 7). While this modification accomplished a number of 
things, the following language concerning the conversion of the task order from cost 
plus award fee to cost plus fixed fee is central to this dispute: 
The purpose of Modification 60 .. .is as follows: 
2. To convert Task Order 0005 from a Cost-Plus-Award-Fee 
(CPAF) to a Cost-Plus-Fixed-Fee (CPFF) type task order, 
retroactive to the beginning of Option Year 2 (OY2), 
01 July 2012. Under the CPAF task order, percentages were 
agreed to for Base Fee and the calculation of available 
Award Fee pools for evaluation periods. This Modification 
converts the Task Order - retroactive to the above date - to a 
CPFF type task order with a single negotiated fixed fee of 
5.87%, hereupon eliminating Base and Award Fee 
prov1s10ns. 
(R4, tab 37 at 374) 
4. On 6 March 2013 (the day after execution of Mod. 60), the Army issued an 
RFP for OY3 (R4, tab 53 at 548). The RFP once again recognized the Army's need for 
pricing in light of actual conditions, stating, for example, that "[ d]uring performance 
under TO 0005 there have been a number of topics addressed which may be identified 
as changes or which may cause a cost increase to the TO." It then proceeded to list 
several changes that the parties had already discussed and that Fluor should address in 
its proposal, such as "[s]ignificant scope discrepancies from matrix assumptions within 
each band, or services not included in matrix pricing." (Id.) 
5. Further, the RFP stated that "current drawdown efforts have introduced a new 
set of potential changes and/or cost impacts to the TO" (R4, tab 53 at 548). It then 
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proceeded to list several of these changes, including the cessation of services due to the 
closing of forward operating bases in OY2 and OY3, and "[d]irectives for accelerated 
drawdown of services and revisions to TO performance standards" (id. at 549). 
6. On 29 April 2013, Fluor submitted a proposal for OY3 that included a fixed 
fee of 7.5 percent (R4, tab 38 at 3). According to Fluor, the Army first took the position 
that Mod. 60 had established a fixed fee of 5 .87 percent for OY3 and OY 4 in late 
June 2013 (see app. supp. R4, tabs A8, A9). The Army issued a unilateral modification 
exercising OY3 (incorporating the 5.87 percent fee) in the amount of$1,257,437,861.57 
on 28 June 2013 (R4, tab 39). 
7. The Army subsequently issued an RFP for OY4 (R4, tab 53 at 63), resulting 
in bilateral Modification No. 81, which included a fixed fee of 5.87 percent. The 
modification contained language reflecting the parties' dispute as to whether Mod. 60 
had established a 5.87 percent fee for the remainder of the task order and preserved 
Fluor's right to submit a claim. (R4, tab 48 at 455-56) The Army later issued a 
12-month extension to the OY 4 performance period that once again included a 
5.87 percent fee (app. supp. R4, tab Al 5). 
8. On 26 January 2016, Fluor submitted a certified claim in which it sought 
an increased fee for OY3, OY4 and the OY4 extension period (R4, tab 53). The 
contracting officer issued a final decision on 9 May 2016 denying the claim as to OY3 
and OY4, but agreeing with Flour's position that Mod. 60 did not apply to the OY4 
extension period (R4, tab 56 at 1-3). However, the parties have been unable to negotiate 
a resolution to this discrete period. 
Fluor filed a timely notice of appeal on 5 August 2016. 
DECISION 
Pursuant to Board Rule 7(c)(2), the Board looks to Rule 56 of the Federal Rules 
of Civil Procedure for guidance in deciding motions for summary judgment. Under 
FED. R. C1v. P. 56(a), the Board may grant summary judgment ifthere is no genuine 
dispute as to any material fact. In considering such a motion, the evidence of the 
nonmovant is to be believed, and all justifiable inferences are to be drawn in its favor. 
Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 255 (1986). 
The first issue to be addressed is whether Mod. 60 was sufficiently clear in 
establishing a fixed fee of 5.87 percent for OY3 and OY4 that we should grant summary 
judgment to the government. If the terms of a contract are clear, we must give them 
their plain and ordinary meaning and may not consider extrinsic evidence. See, e.g., 
Shell Oil Co. v. United States, 751F.3d1282, 1295 (Fed. Cir. 2014). The contract must 
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be construed as a whole and in a manner that gives meaning to all of its provisions and 
makes sense. Bell/Heery, JV v. United States, 739 F.3d 1324, 1331 (Fed. Cir. 2014). 
Before arriving at a legal reading of a contract provision, judges must consider the 
context and intentions of the parties. Metric Constructors, Inc. v. NASA, 169 F.3d 747, 
752 (Fed. Cir. 1999). Although extrinsic evidence generally may not be considered 
when a contract is unambiguous, in some cases the Court of Appeals for the Federal 
Circuit has considered it to confirm that the words of the confract had their plain and 
ordinary meaning. Shell Oil Co., 751 F.3d at 1296; TEG-Paradigm Environmental, Inc. 
v. United States, 465 F.3d 1329, 1338-39 (Fed. Cir. 2006). 
The government contends, that the following language from Mod. 60 should be 
read to provide for a fixed fee on OY3 and OY4: 
(SOF if 3) 
The purpose of Mod. 60 ... is as follows: ... 
2. To convert Task Order 0005 from a Cost-Plus-Award-Fee 
(CPAF) to a Cost-Plus-Fixed-Fee (CPFF) type task order, 
retroactive to the beginning of Option Year 2 (OY2) .... This 
Modification converts the Task Order ... to a CPFF type task 
order with a single negotiated fixed fee of 5.87% .... 
Looking at this language in isolation, we agree with the government. The clear 
meaning of this provision is that T05 would be a cost-plus-fixed-fee task order starting 
at the beginning of OY2 and that the fixed fee would be 5.87 percent. But we must take 
a 
wider view and consider the entire contract and the context in which the parties 
executed Mod. 60. This leads us to deny the motion. 
The government contends that the parties intended to agree on a fee of 5.87 
percent for OY3 and OY4. By contrast, Fluor contends that at the time of Mod. 60 
execution the scope of work was in such a state of flux (see SOF iii! 2, 4-5), that the 
Army had not even issued RFPs for those years (SOF iii! 4, 7), and that the parties 
did not intend to agree on a fee for any year beyond OY2 (Fluor hr. at 11).* In general, 
the government must execute options in exact accordance with the terms of the 
contract. Arko Executive Services, Inc. v. United States, 553 F.3d 1375, 1379 
(Fed. Cir. 2009). Fluor 
refers us to its proposal for OY3, which reflects more than 
* The government has not disputed Fluor' s factual assertions but Fluor has not 
cross-moved for summary judgment. 
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$1 billion in "cost of work added" compared to its estimate from the original pricing 
matrix (Fluor br. at 11-12 (citing R4, tab 3 8) ). While the government exercised the 
modification in an amount somewhat lower than Fluor's proposal (SOF i! 6), the 
question remains the same: taking into account the evolving nature of the work and the 
war in Afghanistan, what did the parties intend to accomplish through Mod. 60? We 
cannot answer such a question on summary judgment. 
While we make no determination as to whether the outcome of this appeal will 
tum on extrinsic evidence, we observe that Fluor has detailed at least some of the 
protracted negotiations that led to Mod. 60. We have not seen anything to date that 
indicates that the parties intended to set a 5.87 percent fee for OY3 and OY4. Rather, 
there is at least some evidence that supports Fluor's position that the parties only 
negotiated the fee for OY2. For example, on 19 December 2012, a senior Army official 
emailed a Fluor official about the status of negotiations stating: 
Eleanor, 
I know you are travelling today but wanted to commit to 
writing what I believe you and I agreed to yesterday. 
1. The Government will convert option year two to a cost-plus 
fixed fee effective July 1, 2012 with a total fee of 5.87%. 
(App. supp. R4, tab A4) 
This email proceeds to touch upon other points but does not mention any 
negotiations at all with respect to OY3 or OY 4. 
We conclude that the record must be developed further before we can make an 
informed interpretation of Mod. 60. 
Finally, with respect to the government's request that we remand the OY4 
extension period for the parties to negotiate a resolution, based on the parties' inability 
to negotiate a 
resolution after the contracting officer's final decision, we do not believe 
that a remand would be appropriate at this time. 
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CONCLUSION 
The government's motion for summary judgment is denied. 
Dated: 3 May 2017 
I concur 
MARK N. STEMPLER , 
Administrative Judge 
Acting Chairman 
Armed Services Board 
of Contract Appeals 
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MICHAEL N. O'CONNELL 
Administrative Judge 
Armed Services Board 
of Contract Appeals 
I concur 
RICHARD SHACKLEFORD 
Administrative 
Judge 
Vice Chairman 
Armed Services Board 
of Contract Appeals 
I certify that the foregoing is a true copy of the Opinion and Decision of the 
Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals in ASBCA No. 60729, Appeal of Fluor 
Intercontinental, Inc., rendered in conformance with the Board's Charter. 
Dated: 
6 
JEFFREY D. GARDIN 
Recorder, Armed Services 
Board of Contract Appeals