Inclusion Criteria:  Body Mass Index (BMI): 23 - 33 kg/m2 Participants diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes (insulin independent) or Normal Glucose Tolerant (2h oral glucose tolerance test within normal range). Ability to provide informed consent Ability to complete the exercise regiment  Exclusion Criteria:  Medications: Insulin Current nicotine user (cigarettes, snus, nicotine gum) or past nicotine users less than 6 months before inclusion in the study Pre-existing cardiovascular condition (Angina pectoris, Cardiac arrhythmia, Cardiac infarction, Coronary stent / angiography, Cerebrovascular insult, Hypertension [> 160 mmHg systolic, or > 95 mmHg diastolic]) Pre-existing blood-borne disease (HIV, Hepatitis C, MRSA) Pre-existing systemic or localized rheumatic illness Malignant Disease Pre-existing psychiatric disorder Another pre-existing systemic disease