Inclusion Criteria Patients included:  All patients hospitalized within the Michigan Medicine Cardiac Care Unit (CCU, 7D) and the Michigan Medicine Critical Care Medicine Unit (CCMU, 6D)  Exclusion Criteria Patients included:  For the study intervention requiring performance of bronchoalveolar lavage rather than endotracheal aspirate for respiratory culture collection, the following are exclusion criteria for performance of bronchoalveolar lavage:  international normalized ratio (INR)>2, platelet count <50, gross blood in endotracheal secretions, ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2 in mmHg) to fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2), ratio (P/F ratio)<80, major lung surgery within prior 30 days.  Inclusion Criteria healthcare providers included:  healthcare providers working in units (CCU and CCMU) as part of routine clinical care.  Exclusion Criteria healthcare providers included:  healthcare providers that are not as part of routine care in CCU and CCMU