Inclusion Criteria:  1) Aged 18yr or order 2) Eligible for receiving ECMO (veno-venous [VV] or veno-arterial [VA]) therapy 3) With mechanical ventilation 4) With stable condition and eligible for cardiopulmonary rehabilitation after 72 hours of ECMO 5) With no contraindications for cardiopulmonary rehabilitation 6) With a life expectancy of more than 3 days 7) Sign informed consent form by the guardian  Exclusion Criteria:  1) Pregnant 2) Use ECMO as a bridge to recovery or definitive treatment (e.g. lung transplantation or heart transplantation) 3) Enrolled in another trial previously