Inclusion Criteria:  Voluntarily signed informed consent; ≥18 years old; Patients have indications for ECMO support;  Exclusion Criteria:  Pregnancy or lactation; Withdrawal of ECMO or death of the patient within 48 hours of the start of operation; Solid-organ or bone marrow transplant recipients; Previous history of allergy to ulinastatin or any ingredient or preservative; Patients with autoimmune diseases, tumors, or patients receiving high doses of glucocorticoids or immunosuppressant therapy within 2 months; Patients judged by the investigator to be unsuitable for participation in this study.