Inclusion Criteria:  Age ≥ 18 years old  SVD lesions can be seen on MRI of the head  White matter hyperintensity, Fazekas score ≥ 2 Fazekas=1 has more than 2 vascular risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, smoking, and other vascular events except stroke). Fazekas = 1 and combined with lacunar focus Imaging findings suggest new subcortical lacunar infarction Daily life independence (MRS ≤ 2) Sign informed consent  Note: the imaging definition of small vessel disease refers to the strong guideline  The total score of Fazekas was 6, which was the sum of Fazekas scores of subcortical and periventricular white matter lesions. New subcortical lacunar infarction: head MRI examination, subcortical, basal ganglia or brain stem DWI showed high signal (ADC diffusion limited) lesions with diameter < 20 mm, with or without corresponding clinical symptoms; There were new clinical symptoms. FLAIR sequence of head MRI showed flair hyperintense lesions (diameter < 20 mm) in subcortical, basal ganglia or pons.  Exclusion Criteria:  In acute cerebral infarction, the lesions showed high signal intensity on DWI, and the diameter was more than 20 mm Acute cerebral hemorrhage  Acute subarachnoid hemorrhage, or previous history of cerebrovascular malformation or aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,  Or untreated aneurysms (> 3mm in diameter) were found  Neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD and PD, have been diagnosed  There are clear non angiogenic white matter lesions, such as multiple sclerosis, adult white matter dysplasia, metabolic encephalopathy  Diseases, etc  Mental disorders diagnosed according to DSM-V diagnostic criteria Contraindications of MRI examination (such as claustrophobia) With severe organic diseases, such as malignant tumor, the expected survival time is less than 5 years Due to geographical or other reasons can not cooperate to complete the follow-up Patients also participated in other clinical trials