Inclusion Criteria:  All patients were older than 18 without any cardiac symptoms. The diagnosis of overweight was established when body mass index (BMI) of 25 to 30 kg/m2. Obese was defined as a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or higher.  Exclusion Criteria:  diagnosis of type 2-Diabetes Mellitus according to the American Diabetes Association criteria; left ventricular ejection fraction<50% on echocardiography; arrythmia on electrocardiogram; severe valvular stenosis or regurgitation; history of coronary disease (defined as stenosis>50%) or myocardial infarction; stress induced wall motion abnormality on echocardiography, coronary artery stenosis >50% on coronary CT or angiography with Framingham risk score of >10; pacemaker or defibrillator implantation; the presence of bundle branch block; severe infection or renal dysfunction with an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2); inadequate image quality on echocardiography.