Inclusion Criteria:  Diagnosis of intermediate to late AMD (dry AMD and nAMD ) Age-matched controls without any sign of AMD Signed informed consent  Exclusion Criteria:  Systemic disease or other eye-related diseases (diabetes, immunologic or inflammatory, active or chronic infectious disease, active malignancy, uveitis, retinal vascular occlusive disease, glaucoma) Systemic therapy with corticosteroids or biological drugs.