Key Inclusion Criteria:  Diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) ≥ 3 months prior to screening fulfilling the 2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria for RA Rheumatoid factor (RF) and/or anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) positivity  Individual fulfills all of the following minimum disease activity criteria:  ≥ 6 swollen joints (from a swollen joint count based on 66 joints [SJC66]) provided this would also fulfill ≥ 4 swollen joints (from a swollen joint count based on 28 joints [SJC28]) at screening and Day 1, and ≥ 6 tender joints (from a tender joint count based on 68 joints [TJC68]), provided this would also fulfill ≥ 4 tender joints (from a tender joint count based on 28 joints [TJC28]) at screening and Day 1, and hsCRP > upper limit of normal at screening Received at least one bDMARD for the treatment of RA to which there is a lack of efficacy and/or intolerance.  Key Exclusion Criteria:  Individuals who do not qualify per the tofacitinib label and/or local guidelines should not be enrolled. Prior exposure to any Janus kinase inhibitor  Note: Other protocol defined Inclusion/Exclusion criteria may apply.