Inclusion Criteria:  Adults aged 18 years or older who have complex perianal Crohn ﬁstula non-active or mildly active luminal Crohn's disease for at least 6 months. The ﬁstula had to have been draining for at least 6 weeks before inclusion.  Exclusion Criteria:  • Patient with recto-vaginal ﬁstula; rectal or anal stenosis; or active severe proctitis.