Inclusion Criteria:  women who have not been screened for cervical cancer since the last three years visiting their GP for whatever reason  Exclusion Criteria:  pregnant women, women under active follow-up because of previous cervical abnormality, women who had a total hysterectomy, women who had a history of cervical cancer or a treatment for cervical precancer less than three years ago, non-consenting women, women who are not able to understand and sign the informed consent