Inclusion Criteria:  Diagnosis Group：  Randomly enrolled hematuria patients in outpatient/emergency/inpatient care Gender is not limited Age ≥18 years old Able to provide 100ml urine sample before cystoscopy At the same time, the following requirements still need to be met:  1) Agree to provide personal basic clinical information, pathology and imaging data for scientific research, and sign scientific research-related informed consent 2) Agree to conduct genetic testing services involved in the trial  Recurrence diagnosis group:  1. A patient diagnosed with non-muscular invasive urothelial carcinoma within two years of enrollment 2. Follow the guidelines for routine recurrence monitoring standard programs 3. No gender limit 4. Age ≥18 years old 5. All urothelial tumors have been surgically removed 6. Agree to perform cystoscopy and urine exfoliation cytology for each recurrence monitoring 7. At the same time, the following requirements still need to be met:  Agree to provide personal basic clinical information, pathology and imaging data for scientific research, and sign scientific research-related informed consent; agree to conduct genetic testing services involved in the trial Agree to conduct genetic testing services involved in the experiment -  Exclusion Criteria:  Diagnosis group:  Patients with other non-urothelial malignancies (including prostate cancer and renal cell carcinoma) Patients with secondary urothelial tumors Patients who cannot undergo cystoscopy and urine exfoliative cytology Samples with incomplete pathological information, and samples with positive case information that cannot clarify the pathological results and tumor staging Contaminated samples Patients whose urine samples fail to pass the quality control due to reasonable reasons and cannot be sampled again Samples that cannot be tested due to reasonable reasons The researcher believes that there are any conditions that may harm the subject or cause the subject to fail to meet or perform the research requirements Patients who cannot provide written informed consent  Recurrence diagnosis group:  Patients with other non-urothelial malignancies (including prostate cancer and renal cell carcinoma) Patients who cannot undergo cystoscopy and urine exfoliative cytology Patients planning to undergo cystectomy/neoadjuvant chemotherapy/radiotherapy Patients who have been enrolled at the pre-recurrence monitoring time point Samples with incomplete pathological information, samples for which the information of positive cases cannot clarify the pathological results and tumor staging Contaminated samples Patients whose urine samples fail to pass the quality control due to reasonable reasons and cannot be sampled again Samples that cannot be tested due to reasonable reasons The researcher believes that there are any conditions that may harm the subject or cause the subject to fail to meet or perform the research requirements Patients who cannot provide written informed consent