Inclusion Criteria:  Hospitalized Patients with confirmed COVID-19 (diagnosis of U07.1 or positive or presumptive positive SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic laboratory test result) occurring between 21 days prior to the hospital admission date and the treatment index date.  Exclusion Criteria:  No interaction with the healthcare system (medical encounter) in the 183 days prior to and including hospital admission (Day -183 to Day 0) to minimize the potential for misclassification of baseline covariates and/or new use No age or sex recorded in the 183 days prior to and including hospital admission (Day -183 to Day 0) as required for matching No geographic region recorded in 183 days prior to and including hospital admission (Day -183 to Day 0) as necessary to adjust for regional variation Any recorded use of any CSI (dispensing or remaining supply) in the 90-day washout prior to the treatment index date (Day T-90 to Day T-1) to satisfy new use definition Any record of a COVID-19 vaccine recorded on or any time prior to the treatment index date given that these patients are assumed to be selectively different (Day S to Day T)