Inclusion Criteria:  Age at enrollment ≥18 years Referral for suspicion of myelodysplastic syndrome Indication for bone marrow examination ≥1 peripheral blood cytopenia defined by hemoglobin concentration <12 g/dL for female and <13g/dL for male patients, platelet count <150 x109/L, absolute neutrophil count <1.8 x109/L Inpatient or outpatient care  Exclusion Criteria:  Refusal to participate History of or active documented MDS or CMML Enrollment in intensive or critical care unit Incarcerated or individuals protected by French regulation (Article L1121.5 and following, Code de la Santé Publique) Not affiliated with social security system Previous enrollment in the study