Inclusion Criteria:  age > 18 years, first single- or dual-kidney transplant from a deceased donor, absence of atrial fibrillation or other severe arrythmia, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) class III-IV, presence of written expression of consent.  Exclusion Criteria:  patients receiving a retransplant, patients receiving a combined liver-kidney transplant, patients receiving a transplant from a living donor .