Inclusion Criteria:  - Undergoing two-stage implant-based breast reconstruction for either breast cancer or breast cancer risk reduction  Exclusion Criteria:  Active use of any tobacco products Uncontrolled diabetes defined by HbA1c greater than 7.5% Class II obesity or higher defined by a body mass index equal or greater than 35 kg/m2 History of radiation to the affect breast or chest Immunocompromised patients Clinical evidence of significant mastectomy flap ischemia prior to the initiation of the reconstructive procedure