Patients that had participated in the Joint Academy treatment program and given their informed consent Radiographic and or clinical diagnosis of hip or knee OA from a physical therapist or physician (95% of all patients in previously published studies). Individuals without a prior diagnosis had clinical OA confirmed by an orthopaedic surgeon or physiotherapist via telephone (diagnosis according to NICE criteria and Swedish National Guidelines, and confirming the absence of any red flag symptoms), or if deemed necessary were recommended to seek face-to-face care before inclusion in the programme. From October 1st 2021, all patients should have undergone a physical examination by doctor or physiotherapists before being able to enter the treatment.