Inclusion Criteria:  The inclusion criteria were as follows: the participants had to be over 18 years old, had to have volunteered to participate in the study, had to have no health problems related to the newborn, and had to be the mother or the primary care provider.  Exclusion Criteria:  the participants had not to have volunteered to participate in the study, had to have health problems related to the newborn, and had not to be the mother or the primary care provider.