Inclusion Criteria:  Meeting the diagnostic and classification criteria of heart failure proposed in the 2016 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute / chronic heart failure  Exclusion Criteria:  acute or chronic infectious diseases; COPD, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and other serious lung diseases; Autoimmune diseases; Malignant tumor; Acute, chronic liver disease or other reasons lead to abnormal liver function (transaminase is more than 3 times of normal value); Acute and chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease (serum creatinine > 220 μmol/L, or creatinine clearance rate < 30 ml/min); Heart valve disease; Severe arrhythmia; The image quality of echocardiography was poor when it was larger than three sections;