Inclusion Criteria:  Age between 6-12 years old (elementary school going children) Attendance of at least one parent (either father or mother) when admission and to take part in the intervention Being permanent residents of the enrollment area Having medical record in the dental clinic Ability to speak and understand Persian  Exclusion Criteria:  Children with advanced oral diseases or other critical conditions or disabilities Those who were using anti-inflammatory agents as a routine Those who had used antibiotics in past two weeks Children with illiterate parents Those on ongoing orthodontic treatments