Inclusion Criteria:  Adult patients aged 18 years or older, who are undergoing elective primary THA or TKA for osteoarthritis Patients must be able and willing to complete one year of follow-up postoperatively  Exclusion Criteria:  Patients undergoing surgery for inflammatory arthritis, post-traumatic arthritis, or avascular necrosis History or septic arthritis based on history or synovial aspirate Prior major operation on the affected joint including osteotomy, open reduction internal fixation, or major open ligamentous repair, but excluding arthroscopic procedures such as ACL reconstruction or meniscus or labral debridement/repair Current immunosuppressive medications Vancomycin allergy or history of a vancomycin-related complication such as ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity