Inclusion Criteria:  Ambulant adults ≥ 18 years of age up to 70 years of age Newly diagnosed PTB patients receiving less than 5 days of treatment preceding study entry for the current TB episode, or Sputum positive TB patients classified as failed after or relapse RHZE treatment Xpert MTB/RIF or Ultra assay positive for M.tb infection with at least Rifampicin resistance for cohort 1 and INH-mono resistance (detected by Xpert XDR) for cohort 2 Capacity to provide informed consent HIV infected and uninfected participants are allowed in the study. Participants already on ART will be allowed in the study provided the ART regimen in use has no contraindications to the proposed TB drug regimen Willing to have samples collected, stored indefinitely, and used for research purposes Able to provide reasonable proof of identity (to satisfaction of study team member) at or prior to enrolment  Exclusion Criteria:  Study participants will be excluded if one or more of the following conditions apply:  Has a known severe allergy to any of the BPaL component drugs Has DST showing infection with a strain resistant to any of the component drugs Has TB meningitis, other central nervous system TB, or TB osteomyelitis; or Is pregnant or breastfeeding Is unable to take oral medications Persons with any other medical condition, precluding study participation based on investigator judgement Any co-existing condition that in the opinion of the attending clinician renders the participant unsuitable for participation in the study Co-enrolment in other interventional research studies