Inclusion Criteria:  Elective suboccipital retrosigmoid approach approach craniotomy; Age between 18 and 65 years; American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-III.  Exclusion Criteria:  The patients or legal clients refuse to provide informed consent; Local infection; Preoperative impairment of consciousness and cognitive function; Uncontrolled hypertension; Inability to communicate; Allergies to experimental drugs; History of drug abuse; History of chronic headache; Aphasia and hearing impairment; Patients undergoing second craniotomy; Body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2 or > 35.0 kg/m2;