Inclusion Criteria:  the patient had to require treatment due to carious lesions in one or more surface of molars and premolars, AI diagnosis had to be made, which had to be verified clinically, and also confirmed by anamnestic family history, or clinical examination concerning Witkop's classification  Exclusion Criteria:  patients with developmental enamel defects of other origins such as fluorosis, molar incisor hypomineralization; AI was associated with other oral developmental or systemic disorders, and dental abnormalities such as open-bite, deep-bite, and cross-bite; patients who were unable to provide their informed consent.