Inclusion Criteria:  Patients will be included if they meet the following inclusion criteria:  have an investigator-confirmed diagnosis of COPD of at least 5 years and are over the age of 40 years old; are smokers or ex-smokers (quit smoking no longer than 15 years before the study visit); have COPD-related data recorded in (electronic) medical records for at least 5 years, including spirometry and medication data; have signed a written Informed Consent Form  Exclusion Criteria:  Patients will be excluded from participation if they meet any of the following exclusion criteria:  have a diagnosis of bronchiectasis, sarcoidosis, Interstitial Lung Diseases, or Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. This is because differentiating deteriorations in symptoms/exacerbations in these individuals at attributing them to COPD is impossible