Inclusion Criteria:  adult (age≥18) patients presenting to the YNHH ED during the pilot trial period deemed to have a mild-moderate or high risk of agitation as determined by ED-TREAT do not require physical restraint orders <30 minutes of arrival with a score of "4" (quiet and awake; normal level of activity) on the Behavioral Activity Rating Scale have comfort with conversational English able to provide verbal consent.  Exclusion Criteria:  1. Presence of a restraint order <30 minutes of arrival and presence of a non-violent physical restraint order where indications are not due to agitation (e.g., for protecting intubation or life-preserving equipment)