Inclusion Criteria:  admission to rehab due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or after a pneumonia light to moderate risk of malnutrition (Nutritional Risk Score-2002: 3-4 Points) risk of sarcopenia (sarc-f >=4) signed informed consent  Exclusion Criteria:  medically described nutritional support reasons (cognitive, language) that prevent a informed consent enteral or parenteral nutrition after bariatric surgery