Inclusion Criteria:  Female or male patient with age > 18 years Patients with atrial fibrillation Patients initiated, continued on or switched to rivaroxaban for the indication atrial fibrillation with intended lifelong treatment (CHA2 DS2-VASc score ≥ 1). The patient must agree to the use of the electronic medication adherence monitoring device, the so-called Pilloxa box and need to have a sufficient understanding of the app and functionality in conjunction with the use of the Pilloxa box. Signed informed consent No participation in an investigational program with interventions outside of routine clinical practice No contra-indications according to the local marketing authorization  Exclusion Criteria:  Participation in an investigational program with interventions outside of routine clinical practice Contra-indications according to the local marketing authorization