Inclusion Criteria:  (1) diagnosed with stable heart failure by a physician according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class I and II; (2) aged 20 years or older; (3) able to communicate and speak Chinese; and (4) have video devices available to use at home.  Exclusion Criteria:  (1) impaired mobility, defined as a limitation in independent, purposeful physical movement of the body or of one or more extremities; (2) unstable angina or myocardial infarction, unstable serious arrhythmia, unstable structural valvular disease, open-heart surgery, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); (3) diagnosis of major depression and cognitive disorders; or (4) unstable vital signs (defined as blood pressure > 180/110 mmHg or < 90/60 mmHg and resting heart rate > 100 beats/min).