Physicians:  Inclusion criteria: ED and non-ED physicians, or their delegates involved in ED syncope care Exclusion criteria: ED and non-ED physicians, or their delegates not involved in ED syncope care  Patients:  Inclusion criteria: adults (aged > 18 years) who present to the ED within 24 hours of syncope.  Exclusion criteria:  Patients who do not fulfill the definition of syncope, namely those with a prolonged loss of consciousness (i.e., > 5 minutes), Glasgow Coma Scale < 15 in patients without dementia (or a change in the mental status from baseline in those with dementia); Patients with witnessed obvious seizure, or head trauma preceding the loss of consciousness; and those who are unable to provide proper details (e.g., alcohol intoxication or other substance use). Patients who had a serious underlying for the syncope identified during the index ED evaluation and those who were consulted to an inpatient service or hospitalized for reasons other than syncope work-up (e.g., social reasons such as inability to cope at home, pain due to the fall, significant trauma).