Inclusion Criteria:  Systemically healthy patients without any previous dental treatment experience. Children who required restorative treatment in lower primary molars (pulpotomy, pulp capping, composite filling) under local anaesthesia. A score of 2 or 3 according to the Frankl Behaviour Rating Scale following the oral prophylaxis in the initial appointment.  Exclusion Criteria:  Systemic disease and related continuous drug use. Mental and cognitive disorders, visual and auditory disabilities. Children demonstrated "definitely negative" or "definitely positive" behaviour (Frankl 1 or 4) following the oral prophylaxis in the initial appointment.