Inclusion Criteria:  All eligible adult patients (aged ≥ 18) registered with General Practioner (GP) practices contributing data to OPCRD between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2020, were eligible for inclusion in the study. People diagnosed with vitiligo prior to the study period (prevalent vitiligo) and people newly diagnosed with vitiligo during the study period (incident vitiligo) are included as cases.  Exclusion Criteria:  People actively registered with the GP practice at that date without a history of vitiligo require a minimum one-year registration with their GP practice.