Inclusion Criteria:  a) Participants who are in line with the diagnostic criteria for epilepsy, b) Participants who are diagnosed as drug-refractory epilepsy, c) Participants who has duration of epilepsy ≥2 years and seizure frequency ≥2 times per month, d) The type and dosage of anti-epileptic drugs do not change during the experiment, e) Participants and their families are aware of this study and sign informed consent.  Exclusion Criteria:  a) Participants who are in status epilepticus, b) Participants who are complicated with serious infection, cerebrovascular disease, malignant tumor and other nervous system diseases, and with serious dysfunction of heart, liver, kidney and other organs, c) Participants who are diagnosed as syncope, hysteria or other non-epileptic attacks, d) Participants who are in pregnancy or lactating, e) Participants who have incomplete clinical data.