Inclusion Criteria:  -  Patient-related criteria:  Patients consulting in one of the outpatient clinics listed above. Able to tolerate necessary restorative procedures. Provide informed consent. Accepts the 18 months follow-up period.  Tooth related criteria:  Teeth with primary proximal carious lesions . Teeth are vital according to pulp-sensitivity tests.  Exclusion Criteria:  Patient-related criteria:  Medically compromised patients, as they will not be able to attend multiple appointments or may require special management. Pregnant women; as radiographs cannot be taken for them. Allergy to any of the restorative materials, including anesthetics. Uncooperative patients, will not abide by the instructions or attend the appointments.  Tooth related criteria:  Deciduous teeth; as the study is targeting only permanent teeth. Teeth with previous restorations, which may add another variable to the study (type of old restorative material, extent of recurrent caries). Spontaneous pain or prolonged pain after sensitivity tests (cold and electrical tests), which would indicate irreversible pulpal damage. Negative sensitivity tests, periapical radiolucencies and sensitivity to axial or lateral percussion, which would indicate pulp necrosis. Teeth presenting external or internal resorption, with adverse pulpal reactions which may affect the outcome of the study. Teeth with cervical caries; which can't be evaluated on periapical radiographs.