Inclusion Criteria:  Early RA  Ability to provide written informed consent Subjects must be 18 years old or older RA subjects must fulfill 2010 ACR criteria with a DAS28-CRP >3.5 Must have 1 year or less of disease Must be MTX inadequate responder (DAS28-CRP >2.6 at 4 months of therapy) OR experience a flare on MTX (self-reported and score of >25 on OMERACT Flare questionnaire) AND are starting an anti-TNF therapy. Must have active synovitis in one or both hands confirmed by ultrasound  Established RA  Ability to provide written informed consent Subjects must be 18 years of age or older RA subjects must fulfill 2010 ACR criteria with a DAS-CRP >3.5 Must have at least 10 years of disease Must have active synovitis in one or both hands confirmed by ultrasound Must be on a stable dose of DMARD (MTX, leflunomide, azulfidine, hydroxychloroquine), JAK inhibitor or biologic agent for 8 weeks  Exclusion Criteria: ALL PATIENTS  Active systemic disorders or inflammatory conditions other than RA, (i.e., chronic infections with hepatitis B, hepatitis C or HIV) that would confound the study results. Known sensitivity to iodine because of residual iodide in Indocyanine Green Pregnant women should not participate; pregnancy tests will not be performed Inability to donate blood due to poor venous access