Inclusion Criteria:  Females or males aged 18 years and above Having undergone renal transplantation at the Royal London Hospital within the previous 24 hours A pre-transplant diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes Provision of written, informed consent prior to any study specific procedures  In women of childbearing potential* documentation of a negative pregnancy test during admission for renal transplant.  Women of childbearing potential are defined as women following menarche until becoming post-menopausal, unless permanently sterile. Permanent sterilisation methods include hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy and bilateral oophorectomy. A post-menopausal state is defined as the absence of menses for 12 months without an alternative medical cause.  Exclusion Criteria:  Unable to consent Known allergy/intolerance to AZD1656 Pregnant or breastfeeding women Planning on becoming pregnant/unwilling to use highly effective contraception* during the 3 month treatment period and for 2 weeks afterwards (i) In the case of men with sexual partners who are women of childbearing potential: refusal to wear a condom and female partner planning on becoming pregnant/unwilling to use highly effective contraception* during the 3 month treatment period and for 2 weeks afterwards Clinically significant history of abnormal physical and/or mental health as judged by the investigator other than conditions related to chronic kidney disease Current or planned use of strong inhibitors of CYP2C8  Participation in an investigational drug trial in the 3 months prior to administration of the initial dose of study drug  Highly effective contraception methods are defined as those that can achieve a failure rate of <1% per year when used correctly and consistently. These include:  Combined (oestrogen and progestogen containing) hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation - either oral, transvaginal or transdermal Progestogen-only hormonal contraception associated with inhibition of ovulation - either oral, injectable or implantable Intrauterine device (IUD) or intrauterine hormone-releasing system (IUS) Bilateral tubal occlusion Vasectomised partner - provided that the partner is the sole sexual partner of the participant and that the vasectomised partner has received medical assessment of surgical success