Participants for validation of the YMRS and the MARS:  Inclusion Criteria:  Patients with a diagnosis of BD type I or II, that meets DSM-IV diagnostic criteria given by a trained psychiatrist  Participants for validation of the ISMI-9:  Inclusion Criteria:  A diagnosis of mental disorder that meets DSM-IV diagnostic criteria given by a trained psychiatrist  Participants for validation of the MDQ:  Inclusion Criteria:  Patient with a diagnosis of BD type I or II, or major depression that meets DSM-IV diagnostic criteria given by a trained psychiatrist Volunteers with no history or family history of the psychiatric disorder will be recruited as controls.  Exclusion Criteria for all participants:  Insufficient understanding of Kinyarwanda Clinical evidence of substantial cognitive impairments.