Inclusion Criteria:  Age >= 18 years ICU admission with major abdominal trauma, intra-abdominal sepsis, ischemic bowel/vascular emergencies, or penetrating trauma Not expected to receive oral or enteral nutrition for > 72 hours Primary team approval of PN  4. < 72 hours post-operative intervention  Exclusion Criteria:  Expected death or withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment within the first 72 hours of ICU admission  Patients admitted with  Diabetic ketoacidosis or non-ketotic hyperosmolar coma MELD > 20 or acute fulminant hepatic failure Patients allergic to any component of parenteral nutrition or lipid solution Pregnant or breastfeeding patients Incarcerated or prisoner prior to admission