Inclusion Criteria:  Diagnosis of schizophrenia by Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)-Screen / MINI (Module K) that requires treatment initiation or a change in treatment to better address safety, efficacy, or adherence limitations of current treatment Eligible for treatment in the Rwandan mental healthcare system At least moderately ill as measured by the Clinical Global Impression - Severity of Schizophrenia (CGI-SS) scale for schizophrenia (rating of greater than or equal to [>=] 4) Has a primary caregiver who is willing to participate in this study (caregiver should be knowledgeable about the participant's condition, provide economic/cost of care information, and is expected to be with the participant for greater than [>] 24 hours each week for the duration of the study) A woman of childbearing potential must have a negative highly sensitive serum (beta-human chorionic gonadotropin [beta-hCG]) during screening Able to give consent to participate in a clinical study that includes treatment with risperidone and long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations of paliperidone palmitate. Participants must be willing to receive injections. The participant and the caregiver must sign their own informed consent form (ICF) indicating that he or she understands the purpose of, and procedures required for, the study and is willing to participate in the study  Exclusion Criteria:  Has a physical, mental, or legal incapacity that prevents a valid consent or capacity to complete about 12 months of treatment with antipsychotic medication and compliance with this study protocol History of organic brain syndromes, comorbid psychiatric and/or physical illnesses, or significant comorbid substance abuse that is likely to interfere with understanding of or compliance with study requirements Known allergies, hypersensitivity, or intolerance to risperidone or Paliperidone palmitate or its excipients Received an investigational intervention including investigational vaccines or used an invasive investigational medical device within 30 days before the planned first dose of study intervention, or is currently enrolled in an investigational study Pregnant, or breast-feeding, or planning to become pregnant while enrolled in this study or within 6 months after the last dose of study intervention Poor prior response to risperidone or paliperidone