Inclusion Criteria:  Male or female over 18 years old Malignant pleural effusion with or without prior histological or cytological diagnosis Patient eligible for a pleural biopsy for diagnostic purposes and validated in a multidisciplinary consultation meeting Having given their free and informed writing consent Affiliated to a social security system or assimilated  Exclusion Criteria:  Malignant pleural mesothelioma Contraindication to general anesthesia Pregnant or breastfeeding woman, or is of child bearing potential and who did not agree to use highly effective methods of birth control throughout the study. Patient participating in a interventional study likely to interfere with this study Patient benefiting from a legal protection measure (guardianship or curatorship)