Inclusion Criteria:  diabetes neuropathic pain (stocking glove distribution) of a numeric rating scale (NRS) score of ≥3 (where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the most intense pain imaginable) in the lower extremities pain duration of ≥3 months age between 21 and 80 years  Exclusion Criteria:  presence of contraindications for TMS, such as a history of epileptic seizure, presence of metal in the skull, and presence of a cardiac pacemaker.