Inclusion Criteria:  Age >= 18 years Clear clinical and radiographic evidence of primary high grade glioma (HGG) as judged by the Mayo multidisciplinary neuro-oncology team (World Health Organization [WHO] grade III-IV, including glioblastoma) regardless of IDH and MGMT status Planned neurosurgical resection of tumor Judged to not be at risk of significant clinical risk (i.e. herniation) with radiation-induced edema prior to resection No prior history of cranial radiotherapy Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) =< 2 Negative pregnancy test done =< 14 days prior to registration, for women of childbearing potential only Ability to complete questionnaire(s) by themselves or with assistance Provide written informed consent Planning to receive adjuvant radiotherapy at enrolling institution Willing to provide tissue and/or blood samples for correlative research purposes Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1.5 x 10^9/L (obtained =< 14 days prior to starting treatment) Platelet count >= 80,000/mm^3 (80 x 10^9/L) (obtained =< 14 days prior to starting treatment) Hemoglobin (Hgb) >= 9 g/dL (=< 14 days prior to starting treatment)  Exclusion Criteria:  Any of the following:  Pregnant women Nursing women Men or women of childbearing potential who are unwilling to employ adequate contraception Unwillingness to participate in study Investigator discretion that enrollment on the study would pose undo harm or risk to the patient Non-MRI compatible implanted medical device Use of systemic anti-cancer therapy within the previous 3 months Medical contraindication to craniotomy and tumor resection Pathologic confirmation of grade I-II glioma, brain metastasis, or other brain tumor Primary spinal cord glioma or primary brainstem glioma Residual tumor of excessive volume or eloquent location per investigator discretion Patients who are unwilling or unable to comply with study procedures Patients with a history of grade I-II glioma are eligible if they have only received surgery as treatment and now there is concern for transformation to grade III-IV tumor