Inclusion Criteria:  1) Subject's age: 20~65 years old 2) American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status classification: I~III 3) Patients who need postoperative pain relief due to thoracoscopic surgery  Exclusion Criteria:  1. The patient suffers from a communication disorder 2. The patient has coagulopathy 3. Sick with obvious heart, lung, liver or kidney disease 4. The patient's body mass index is less than 18.5 or greater than 35 5. Pregnant patients 6. Patients who took opioids for more than three weeks before surgery 7. Patients with contraindications to local anesthesia 8. Patients with a history of chronic pain 9. Patients with a history of drug allergy to Naldebain