Inclusion criteria  Hospitalization for heart failure (de novo or decompensated chronic heart failure) Age >18  Exclusion criteria  A prior history of upper extremity venous disease Serum creatinine ≥ 3.5 mg/dL Severe stenotic valvular disease Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy  Exclusion from long term follow-up after randomization  Unable to obtain first and pre-discharge PVP due to technical issues (unable to access an upper extremity vein, negative augmentation test) In-hospital intubation Need for high-dose vasopressor or inotrope medications (≥10 mcg.kg.-1.min-1 dopamine, dobutamine or equivalent) Need for intra-aortic balloon pump support In-hospital need for dialysis or veno-venous ultrafiltration