Inclusion Criteria:  All patients of reproductive age with a diagnosis of a benign ovarian cyst requiring surgical management.  This includes cysts defined as dermoid, teratoma, simple cyst, functional, serous cystadenoma or mucinous cystadenoma from the initial diagnostic ultrasound.  A strict criterion for the US diagnostic features will include the following:  Cyst size ≥3cm; ≤10cm  The International Ovarian Tumour Analysis for benign features (IOTA B) only:  Unilocular Solid components: largest diameter ≤7mm Acoustic shadows No blood flow Smooth multilocular cyst: largest diameter ≤10cm  Specifically:  Pregnant patients can be included but will be analysed separately For patients selected for surgery, delay of surgery is not an exclusion criterion for this study, but for selected objectives we will use only those patients in whom surgery was performed within 180 days after the ultrasound examination With regards to age, patients can be selected only if 18-50 years old. Patients whom only underwent transabdominal scanning can be included in the study, but will be analysed separately  Exclusion Criteria:  Cysts that are deemed to be clearly physiological and less than <3 cm in maximum diameter are not eligible for inclusion Cysts ≥11cm in maximum diameter Non-adnexal masses e.g. peritoneal inclusion cysts (where diagnosis is certain). Any cyst with features of malignancy The denial or withdrawal of written informed consent Women of post- menopausal or peri-menopausal status