Inclusion Criteria:  Children of 14 years of age or younger + written parent/guardian consent + child assent based on age and national ethical guidelines + willingness to have a study follow-up visit + [clinical suspicion of active pulmonary TB* (irrespective of extra-pulmonary disease) OR microbiological confirmation of active TB disease referred from non-study health facilities].  *CXR suggestive of TB, or weight loss or failure to thrive within 3 months not solely due to inadequate feeding, or another non-TB cause, or any cough with loss of weight, or cough alone >=14 days, or persistent (>1 week) and unexplained fever  Exclusion Criteria:  Anti-TB treatment for >5 days or any antibiotic with anti-mycobacterial activity within 60 days prior to enrolment including children on IPT, OR (confirmed) extrapulmonary TB only