Inclusion Criteria:  All lobectomy including for another study (VATOFA study) with continuous invasive blood pressure monitoring per arterial line All pancreaticoduodenectomy or hepatectomy including for another study (CARBODAV study) with continuous invasive blood pressure monitoring per arterial line age 18 or over  Exclusion Criteria:  complex hemodynamic cases (heart, lung and liver transplantation) using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Patient who object to take part of the study.