Inclusion Criteria:  patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I-II; patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 18 to 25 kg/m2; age between 18 to 75 years old  Exclusion Criteria:  patients with central nervous system and mental diseases; patients with a medication history use of sedative, analgesic or antidepression drugs patients with sinus bradycardia or atrioventricular block grade II or greater; patients with severe visual or hearing impairment or who were unable to communicate.