Inclusion Criteria:  1. Patients with grafted bone (fibula, iliac, scapula) and receive postoperative implant surgery.  2.Clinical and radiogram data were available for all treatment periods and follow-up visits (Pre-/post-CBCT and panoramic radiographs).  3.Over twelve months follow-up period after implant placement. 4.Age > 18 years. 5.Fabrication and delivery of prosthesis following implant installation. 6.Treatment with a one-stage/two-stage surgical protocol.  Exclusion Criteria:  Patients diagnosed with osteoporosis. Lost or missing medical history during follow-up period. Follow-up period of dental implants was less than 12 months.