Inclusion criteria  Clinicians' level : doctors (including department head) and nurses (including head nurses) taking care of adult hospitalized patients in the 10 participating departments Patients' level : first hospitalization of adult patients who are potentially receiving excessive treatment. Family level : family of adult patients who are potentially receiving excessive treatment  Exclusion criteria :  Clinicians'level : no exclusion criteria Patients' level : patients who cannot understand Dutch questionnaires Family : persons who cannot understand Dutch questionnaires