Inclusion Criteria:  PVP performed between July 2015-July 2020 under combined CT and fluoroscopy guidance; Previous PF for traumatic non-neurological thoracolumbar vertebral fracture; Imaging evidence of vertebral non-union; Pain and functional impairment persisting for more at least one month after PF; Informed patient consent for PVP procedure under CT and fluoroscopy guidance; Previous multidisciplinary case discussion between spine surgeons and interventional radiologists.  Exclusion Criteria:  Age inferior to 18 years old Absence of complications due to orthopaedic hardware;