Inclusion Criteria:  Medical history: Healthy children with no physical or mental disorders assured through medical history questioning. Mandibular vital immature first permanent molar with deep caries. Restorable. No clinical evidence of extensive pulp degeneration or periapical pathology.No radiographic evidence of periapical pathosis or interradicular bone loss, internal/external resorption and pulp calcification.  Exclusion Criteria:  1. Patients refuse to cooperate. 2. Spontaneous pain or severe pain which doesn't stop with analgesics. 3. Hemorrhage control wasn't achievable at the operative procedures