Inclusion Criteria:  Eligible for COVID-19 vaccination as described by the instructions of the manufacturer. Age of 18 years or older Capable of understanding the purpose and risks of the study, fully informed and given written informed consent (signed informed consent form has been obtained)  Either  eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73m2 but not on dialysis or with a kidney transplant Hemodialysis, or peritoneal dialysis Kidney Transplant recipient at least 6 weeks after transplantation  Exclusion Criteria:  History of severe adverse reaction associated with a vaccine and/or severe allergic reaction (e.g. anaphylaxis) to any component of the study intervention(s). Patients who opted out for research in the Santeon, RENINE and NOTR registries. Patients who participate in the RECOVAC-IR study. Of note, patients will be eligible whether or not they have a history of COVID-19. Analyses will be performed in the overall population, but also shown separately for those without and with a history of COVID-19.