Inclusion Criteria:  Stroke Survivors:  Age >=18 Stroke in left hemisphere of brain with or without aphasia, or stroke elsewhere causing aphasia Learned English at 8 years or younger  Controls:  Age >=18 No history of brain injury resulting from stroke, trauma, infection (i.e. encephalitis), or tumor Learned English at 8 years or younger  Exclusion Criteria:  History of other brain conditions that could impact interpretation of results (such as multiple sclerosis, premorbid dementia) Severe psychiatric condition that would interfere with participation in the study History of a learning disability that could impact interpretation of results  Additional Exclusion Criteria for MRIs:  Pacemaker or magnetic metal in the body that is not MRI compatible Pregnancy Claustrophobia