Inclusion Criteria:  Males and Females 18 - 45 years old BMI: 19 - 29.9 kg/m2 Healthy: no active disease process that could interfere with endpoints measured as determined by medical history  Exclusion Criteria:  Smoking and tobacco use Takes medication [excluding contraception] BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 Hypertensive (diastolic > 90 and/or systolic blood pressure > 140 mmHg) History of musculoskeletal upper limb injuries Performs regular resistance exercise (> 2 sessions per week) Uses dietary supplements that could influence muscle recovery or function (e.g. protein supplements, antioxidants etc)