Inclusion Criteria:  age ≥ 18years; presence of at least one hilar/mediastinal adenopathy >1 cm on short axis assessed by contrast-enhanced CT scan and/or hypermetabolic adenopathy assessed by FDG-PET; ability to give an informed consent  Exclusion Criteria:  coagulopathy or bleeding diathesis that cannot be corrected; severe refractory hypoxemia; unstable hemodynamic status; inability to give an informed consent