Inclusion Criteria:  Apexification treatment was applied by a single operator (GK) in Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pedodontics,  Having no systemic or periodontal problems, Asymptomatic or diagnosed with apical periodontitis with fistula tract, Not having external/internal resorption, fracture, more than one root/canal, Root canal filling is sufficient for the MTA group, Root canal filling and coronal restorations were completed in Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Pedodontics, Cases with periapical radiographs taken before the procedure and at least one year after the procedure was included.  Exclusion Criteria:  Cases treated by different pediatric dentists,  Cases in which apexification is performed by different operators, Cases with systemic or periodontal disease, Cases with external/internal resorption, fracture, more than one root/canal, Cases where root canal filling is not sufficient Cases in which root canal filling and conoral restorations were completed over 2 years, Cases without radiographs taken before or at least one year after the procedure, Cases with artifacts in the periapical region on their radiographs