Inclusion Criteria:  All Cohorts:  Written informed consent Vaccination against Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections is required and vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae infection is recommended prior to the start of treatment. Weight of at least 35 kg  Cohort 1 specific inclusion criteria:  Participants with a diagnosis of persistent or chronic primary ITP Participants must have received at least 1 prior line of ITP-directed therapy Sustained thrombocytopenia  Cohort 2 specific inclusion criteria:  Participants with a diagnosis of primary CAD Participants must have received at least 1 prior line of CAD-directed therapy Laboratory evidence of ongoing hemolysis Sustained anemia  Exclusion Criteria:  All cohorts:  Use of other investigational drugs at the time of enrollment, or within 5 half-lives of enrollment, or within 30 days, whichever is longer; or longer if required by local regulations Past or concomitant use of medications prohibited by the protocol Known or suspected hereditary or acquired complement deficiency History of primary or secondary immunodeficiency, including a positive HIV test result Chronic infection with Hepatitis B or C virus History of recurrent invasive infections caused by encapsulated organisms, including Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Haemophilus influenzae Presence or suspicion of any active infection within 14 days prior to first study drug administration. Any medical condition deemed likely to interfere with the participant's participation in the study Any malignant disease diagnosed within the past 5 years, with the exception of localized non-melanoma skin cancer, in situ cervical cancer, or, for CAD, a low-grade lymphoproliferative disorder. History of bone marrow/hematopoietic stem cell or solid organ transplantation. Women of child-bearing potential, defined as all women physiologically capable of becoming pregnant, unless they are using effective methods of contraception during dosing of investigational drug and for 1 week after last iptacopan dose Active severe bleeding or history of intracranial hemorrhage. Liver disease, or liver injury as indicated by abnormal liver function tests. Severe concurrent comorbidities of unstable medical conditions.  Cohort 1 specific exclusion criteria:  Secondary ITP, as may arise in the setting of certain autoimmune disorders, immunodeficiency syndromes, infections, malignancies, and drug treatments No ITP-directed background therapy permitted, with the exception of a thrombopoietin receptor agonist or low-dose corticosteroid, as long as stable dosage for at least 4 weeks prior to baseline Abnormal coagulation screening labs  Cohort 2 specific exclusion criteria:  Secondary cold agglutinin syndrome, as may arise in the setting of certain infections, autoimmune disorders, and malignancies (with the exception of a low-grade lymphoproliferative disorder) No CAD-directed background therapy permitted  Additional protocol-defined inclusion / exclusion criteria may apply.