Inclusion Criteria:  diagnosed as peripheral vestibular dysfunction with bithermal caloric irrigation having one or more of the following subjective complains for longer than four weeks: vertigo/dizziness, disequilibrium, gait instability or motion sensitivity  Exclusion Criteria:  central nervous system involvement active or poorly controlled migraine (more than one severe migraine a month) fluctuating symptoms e.g. Meniere's disease active benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) have previous vestibular rehabilitation inability to attend sessions other medical conditions in the acute phase e.g. orthopaedic injury