Inclusion Criteria:  All cases in the 3rd trimester admitted to Asyut university women health hospital and diagnosed antenatally as having morbidly adherent placenta  Confirmed diagnosis of MAP. Peri partum hysterectomy for MAP. Complicated CS without hysterectomy Maternal age between 18 and 45 yrs No other medical diseases  Exclusion Criteria:  associated other uterine pathology Refusal of the patient Emergency CS before confirming MAP diagnosis. Urinary tract injuries due to other causes than MAP Presence of major medical disorders e.g. DM, PE, Cardiac lesion, Coagulopathy, liver diseases or kidney diseases Postpartum depression.