Inclusion Criteria:  all patients who are candidate for transcatheter PDA closure.  Exclusion Criteria:  Patients with PDA dependent pulmonary circulation. Patients with small sized PDA which is silent by auscultation. Patients with large sized PDA which is unsuitable for Trans-catheter closure . Patients with PDA and severe irreversible pulmonary hypertension (Eisenmenger's syndrome) (7). Patients with active infection or active infective endarteritis. Patients refusing the study. Patients with DM, HTN and ischemic heart diseases. Patients with associated congenital or acquired cardiac lesions that may interfere with LV mechanics.