Inclusion Criteria:  Being an older patient seeking care for CNSLBP (with a duration of at least 3 months) without leg pain. To have a pain intensity of at least 3 points (measured on a 0-10 point Visual Analog Scale (VAS); The ability to comprehend and follow verbal instructions, To be over 65 years of age, To volunteer to participate in the study  Exclusion Criteria:  history of spinal surgery severe spinal pathologies (e.g. ankylosing spondylitis, lumbar spinal stenosis, spina bifida, spinal tumors, osteoporosis, and cauda equina syndrome) medical contraindications to active exercise; concomitant somatic or psychiatric disorder [Mini-Mental State Examination score ≤24] neurological deficits (e.g. brain tumor and nerve palsies); specific causes of LBP (e.g. facet joint problem, disc herniation, sacroiliac joint dysfunction) nerve root compression spinal deformities autoimmune diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus) cancer