Inclusion criteria  Part 1:  Male and female children aged >3months and <16 years. Clinical diagnosis of severe P. falciparum malaria; or parasitological confirmed P. falciparum hyperparasitaemia >350,000/ uL. Positive malaria test result, by rapid diagnostic test RDT. Weight of 5 kg or greater. Written informed consent by the parent or guardian.  Part 2:  Study staff and health staff  Study staff who prepare and administer Artesunate injection to patients in the study or health staff who have not administer the Artesunate injection to patients in the study by themselves but are either aware of malaria treatment, Artesunate injection, or have observed the treat-ment provided to severe malaria patients. Written informed consent by the study staff and health staff  Study staff for a short video-record  Study staff who would like to participate in the video record of a procedure to show how 1-step and 2-step Artesunate injections are prepared and administered. Written informed consent by the study staff  Policymakers and stakeholders  Those who are working in the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) or relevant organizations (WHO, INGOs/NGOs) within the country. Written informed consent by the potential participant  Exclusion criteria  Part 1:  Participation in other intervention studies Known allergy to artemisinin derivatives. Known history of parenteral treatment for severe malaria for the current episode of illness before admission. Treatment before admission with an oral antimalarial drug (used for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria) or a single dose of pre-referral rectal artesunate are not exclusion criteria.  Part 2:  Study staff and health staff; Policymakers and stakeholders; Study staff and health staff for a short video-record  Unwilling to participate in the study Unable to communicate