Inclusion Criteria:  Normal subjects:  normal vestibular-oculomotor exams normal low-frequency standard rotational testing normal hearing  Vestibular Schwannoma:  existence of unilateral vestibular schwannoma (pre & post surgical resection) must have sub-occipital surgical approach with complete sectioning of the vestibular nerve rotational testing to assess pre-surgical vestibular function audiogram brain MRI consistent with vestibular schwannoma audiography in each ear  Exclusion Criteria:  Normal subjects  history of otologic or neurologic disease on vestibular suppressant medication (benzodiazepine, antihistamine, anticholinergic)  Vestibular Schwannoma  other otologic disease (other than presbycusis) or any neurologic disease (other than migraine) on vestibular suppressant medication (benzodiazepine, antihistamine, anticholinergic)