Inclusion Criteria:  Patients with unilateral facial paralysis scheduled for smile reconstruction using free gracilis muscle transfer driven by one of four neuronal inputs, specifically, the trigeminal nerve (nV), a cross-face nerve graft (nVII), dual innervation combining the trigeminal nerve, a cross face nerve graft, and patients who have midfacial modifications that involve performing direct coaptation between the trigeminal nerve and a branch to the native zygomaticus major muscle (5-7 transfer) and selective neurolysis in which several facial nerve branches that innervate muscles antagonistic to the smile animation are transected. Patient/parent interest/willingness to participate in the study An ability to comprehend verbal instructions An age range of 18 to 68 years  Exclusion Criteria:  Presence of a major facial deformity/condition either congenital or acquired e.g. hemifacial microsomia, cancer Facial movement disorders due to primary muscular dysfunction or hemifacial spasm in the absence of synkinesis Mental or hearing impairment to the extent that comprehension or ability to perform the tests is hampered