Inclusion Criteria:  Age more than 20 years. Chronic hepatitis B virus infection defined as presence of positive HBsAg more than 6 months. TAF naïve. Patients already receiving TDF or entecavir treatment, and the scheduled NUC treatment from enrolment being greater than one year.  Exclusion Criteria:  Other etiology of chronic hepatitis. Severe comorbid disorders. Patients with History of acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, stable angina, coronary/other arterial revascularization, stroke, transient ischemic attack, or peripheral arterial disease from atherosclerosis. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HBA1c > 8.5%). Current evidence or suspicious of malignancy. eGFR <50 ml/min/1.73m2. Any one of following hematology or biochemical or clinical abnormalities indicating the presence of liver decompensation: Albumin <3.5g/dL, Total Bilirubin >2.5mg/dL, prothrombin time prolongation >4 sec or INR >1.7, platelet count <100 x 103 uL, and history or presence of ascites or hepatic encephalopathy. Child-bearing age women without the willing to contraceptive control, or lactating or pregnant women.