Inclusion Criteria:  Signed and dated written Informed Consent (if unconscious due to a critical condition, the decision is made by a Council consisting of 3 physicians) Male and female patients aged 18-70 Critical illness ((shock (including traumatic, hypovolemic), major trauma, acute massive blood loss, acute complicated surgical diseases of the abdominal organs) accompanied by metabolic acidosis, defined as serum bicarbonate <22mmol/L pH of arterial blood 7.20-7.35, inclusive Planned volume of infusion >= 1500 ml per day Interval between admission to the ICU and randomization <24 hours  Exclusion Criteria:  Pregnant and lactating women Known hypersensitivity to any component of the study drug / placebo Chronic kidney disease stage C5 (end-stage renal failure) Acute hepatic failure (ALT > 15 upper normal limits) or liver cirrhosis Traumatic brain injury accompanied by cerebral edema Previously diagnosed mental illness Any chronic disease in the terminal stage with a life expectancy of < 3 months HIV infection Clinically significant cardiovascular disease (unstable angina pectoris or angina pectoris of functional class III or higher; chronic heart failure III - IV class according to NYHA; acute myocardial infarction within 6 months before screening) Extremely low or extremely high body fat Infusion sodium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, trometamol, Sterofundin, Quintasol, Ringer's lactate (Hartmann's solution) within 6 hours before screening Acute respiratory acidosis Poisoning with chemical compounds causing metabolic acidosis Alcohol in saliva at screening >= 0.5 pro mille Previously diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease