Inclusion Criteria:  being a candidate for bariatric surgery aged between 18 and 60 years tobe medically authorised with a body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m2 or ≥35 kg/m2 with additional comorbidities (i.e. diabetes, hypertension, insulin resistance) controlled by pharmacotherapy  Exclusion Criteria:  having physical limitations preventing the performance of exercise (e.g. restricting injuries of the musculoskeletal system) having exercise-related dyspnoea or respiratory alterations having chronic heart disease with any worsening in the last month adhering to less than 80% of the total interventions (these results were excluded from the statistical analyses)