Inclusion Criteria:  Inpatients or outpatients >18 years old Capable of informed consent Known or suspected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) Referred to the interventional pulmonary team at Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH), Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center (JHBMC), or other participating sites for tissue sampling of a hilar/mediastinal lymph node or another lesion accessible by convex-probe (CP) EBUS  Exclusion Criteria:  Refuse participation Standard contraindications to EBUS and bronchoscopy in general: bleeding disorders, antiplatelet or anticoagulant usage, high fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) requirement, and clinical instability Pregnant women Cytotechnologist not available at the time of screening, enrollment, or randomization