Inclusion Criteria:  Adult (age > 18 years) emergency department patients ED workup includes blood testing Confirmed history of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 Provides informed consent  Exclusion Criteria:  Age < 18 years Unstable or unable to provide consent Known to be pregnant at the time of evaluation Patient is considered immunocompromised or has any other condition that the investigator feels makes the patient unsuitable for study inclusion.