text: The ACESA provisions on technology forcing should be reviewed in light of the findings of a recent conference on climate and technology conducted at Stanford University. Among these findings attendees agreed: "The single greatest impediment to an R&D; program that is directed at achieving a commercial objective is that it will be distorted to deliver subsidies to favored firms, industries, and other organized interests. The best institutional protections for minimizing these distortions are multi-year appropriations, agency independence in making grants, use of peer review with clear criteria for project selection, and payments based on progress and outputs rather than cost recovery."