text: On the other hand, an El Nio takes naturally created warm water from below the surface of the western tropical Pacific and relocates it the surface. When its below the surface, the warm water is not included in the surface temperature record, but during and after the El Nio, the warm water is included in the surface temperature record. That warm water makes a short appearance in the eastern tropical Pacificwhere scientists measure sea surface temperatures so that we know an El Nio is taking placebefore the warm water is distributed around the global oceans, causing the long-term natural warming of sea surface and land surface air temperatures.