Disease: Cryptorchidism
Symptoms: Absence or undescended testicle(s), empty scrotum, smaller or underdeveloped testicle(s), inguinal hernia, abnormal positioning of the testicle(s) (higher in the groin area)
Treatments: Observation and monitoring (in cases of mild or transient cryptorchidism), hormone therapy (to stimulate testicular descent), surgical intervention (orchiopexy) to reposition the testicle(s) into the scrotum, if necessary, performed around the age of 6 to 12 months, open or laparoscopic surgery (in cases of high or persistent cryptorchidism), testicular prostheses (in cases of absent or non-functional testicles), regular follow-up visits with a urologist or pediatric surgeon