Effects of Music-Based Occupational Therapy Activities on Attention and Executive Functions in Children With Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder
Phase: NA
Conditions: Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Sponsor: Istanbul Medipol University Hospital

Effects of Mus+c-Based Occupat+onal Therapy Act+v+t+es on Attent+on Execut+ve 
Funct+ons +n Ch+ldren w+th Attent+on Def+c+t and Hyperact+v+ty D+sorder  
                                                                                                                    31.03.2022  
Study Protocol   
T+ttle: Effects of Mus+c-Based Occupat+onal Therapy Act+v+t+es on Attent+on and Execut+ve  
Funct+ons +n Ch+ldren w+th Attent+on Def+c+t and Hyperact+v+ty D+sorder   
Background and Rat+onale   
Attent+on Def+c+t and Hyperact+v+ty D+sorder (ADHD) +s a mult+factor+al neurodevelopmental 
d+sorder character+zed by attent+on def+c+ts, +mpuls+v+ty, and hyperact+v+ty. Th+s study 
+nvest+gates the effect of mus+c-based occupat+onal therapy on attent+on and execut+ve 
funct+ons +n ch+ldren w+th ADHD. Mus+c-based rhythm+c and motor act+v+t+es are 
hypothes+zed to enhance cogn+t+ve, emot+onal, and behav+oral regulat+on.   
Object0ves   
Pr+mary Object+ve:   
To exam+ne the effect of mus+c-based occupat+onal therapy on attent+on performance +n 
ch+ldren w+th ADHD.   
Secondary Object+ve:   
To evaluate the effects of the +ntervent+on on execut+ve funct+on sk+lls and careg+ver burden.   
Study Des0gn   
Des+gn Type: Exper+mental, two-arm parallel des+gn  
Groups:   
• 
Group 1: Mus+c-Based Occupat+onal Therapy   
• 
Group 2: Standard Occupat+onal Therapy (Control)   
Random+zat+on: S+mple random ass+gnment   
Mask+ng: None (Open Label)   
Durat+on: 6 weeks, 1 sess+on per week, 45 m+nutes each   
Sett+ng: Istanbul Med+pol Un+vers+ty, Department of Occupat+onal Therapy   
Part0c0pants   
Inclus+on Cr+ter+a:   
• 
Cl+n+cal d+agnos+s of ADHD   

• 
Age 5–12 years   
• 
Res+d+ng +n Istanbul   
• 
Careg+ver PSI ≥ 21   
• 
Careg+ver age between 18–65 years  
 Exclus+on Cr+ter+a:   
• 
Add+t+onal d+agnos+s w+th ADHD   
• 
Card+opulmonary +ssue +n last 3 months   
• 
Pr+or mus+cal +nstrument tra+n+ng   
• 
Careg+ver BDI ≥ 31   
Intervent0on   
Exper+mental Group:   
Mus+c-Based Occupat+onal Therapy - structured rhythm+c, s+ng+ng, and +nstrument-based 
(harmon+ca, drum) sess+ons des+gned to +mprove self-regulat+on and execut+ve funct+ons.   
Control Group:   
Standard occupat+onal therapy sess+ons emphas+z+ng sensory-motor and behav+oral regulat+on 
w+thout mus+cal elements.   
Outcome Measures   
Pr+mary Outcome:   
• 
Change +n attent+on (DSM-V Level 2 Inattent+on Scale)   
Secondary Outcomes:   
• 
Execut+ve Funct+on (Ch+ldhood Execut+ve Funct+on Inventory)   
• 
Careg+ver Burden (Zar+t Burden Scale)   
All measures assessed pre- and post-+ntervent+on.   
Data Analys+s Plan   
The analyses were performed us+ng SPSS 25.0 software. For descr+pt+ve stat+st+cs, mean, 
standard dev+at+on, and percentage values were used. Normal d+str+but+on was checked w+th 
the Kolmogorov-Sm+rnov Test. For +ndependent var+ables, nom+nal data were evaluated w+th 
the Ch+-Square Test, wh+le numer+cal data were assessed w+th the T-Test / Mann-Wh+tney U 
Test. Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA was appl+ed for w+th+n-group and betweengroup 
t+me +nteract+ons. The s+gn+f+cance level for all tests was accepted as p<0.05.  
 Eth+cal Cons+derat+ons   

Approved by Istanbul Med+pol Un+vers+ty Non-Intervent+onal Cl+n+cal Research Eth+cs 
Comm+ttee (E-10840098-772.02-2028).   
All careg+vers prov+ded +nformed consent pr+or to part+c+pat+on.   
Expected Outcomes   
Mus+c-based occupat+onal therapy +s expected to +mprove select+ve attent+on, execut+ve 
funct+on, and reduce careg+ver burden compared to standard therapy.