Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study of Risk Factors for Gallbladder Cancer
Conditions: Gallbladder Diseases, Healthy
Sponsor: Tongji Hospital

Version Number：V1.0 
Date：August 31, 2018  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Study Protocol 
 
 
 
A Multicenter prospective cohort study on 
the risk factors for gallbladder cancer 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Researcher：Wang Jianming  
             Research institute：Huazhong University of Science    
                                                          Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College 
Date：August 31, 2018

 
Study Protocol Summary 
 
 
Title 
A Multicenter prospective cohort study on 
the risk factors for gallbladder cancer 
Research Institute 
Huazhong University of Science Tongji 
Hospital, Tongji Medical College 
Number of research Institute 
220 
Research Purposes 
1. To study the correlation between benign 
gallbladder disease and gallbladder 
cancer; 
2. Explain the timing of intervention for 
benign gallbladder disease, the mode of 
intervention, and the benefits of early 
prevention of gallbladder cancer, and 
further calculate the difference in 
socioeconomic benefits (the cost of 
medical care caused by the disease). 
Research Design 
Prospective, multi-centred research 
Sample size determination 
basis 
This trial is a prospective study, the main 
purpose of the study is to investigate the 
association between benign gallbladder 
disease and gallbladder carcinoma; to explain 
the timing of intervention, intervention and 
early prevention of benign gallbladder 
disease; according to the national 
epidemiology of gallbladder cancer Center 
Clinical Research (unpublished), 2000 
National Cholecystoma Clinical Epidemiology 
Report, and 2005 Clinical Analysis of 2379 
Cases of Gallbladder Carcinoma in 17 
Hospitals in Five Northwest Provinces, Pre-
experimental data, using samples The volume 
estimation formula, α = 0.05, β = 0.1, 
plans to enroll 100,000 people. 

 
Standard constrain 
Subjects who met the following four 
criteria entered the study. 
(1) A benign gallbladder disease (according 
to any imaging test result) during a 
physical examination or visit; 
(2) healthy people without gallbladder 
disease; 
(3) Age greater than 18 years and less than 
80 years old; 
(4) Sign the informed consent form. 
 
Exclusion criteria 
Subjects can not enter the study by combining 
any of the following 
(1) Concomitant diseases such as severe 
mental illness, severe heart, lung and 
kidney; 
(2) Refusal of follow-up requirements. 
 
Observation index 
（1） Incidence of gallbladder cancer； 
（2） Gallbladder-related disease mortality； 
（3） Gallbladder-related disease surgery 
rate； 
（4） Gallbladder related diseases surgery； 
（5） Medical expenses for gallbladder 
related diseases； 
 
Research period 
3 years 
Statistical analysis 
The Linklab information collection system is 
used for data entry and verification. All 
data was counted using SPSS 21.0. 

4
 
Table 
 
一、 Background...............................................................................................................1 
二、 Purpose.......................................................................................................................2 
三、 Content.......................................................................................................................2 
3.1 Research Type..................................................................................................2 
3.2 Population..........................................................................................................2 
3.2.1 Inclusion criteria...........................................................................2 
3.2.2 Exclusion criteria...........................................................................2 
3.2.3 Exit case..................................................................................................2 
3.2.4 Treatment of withdrawal cases...............................................3 
3.2.5Group.............................................................................................................3 
3.3 Grouping Method...............................................................................................3 
3.4Procedures.............................................................................................................3 
3.4.1Research Period....................................................................................3 
3.4.2Recruitment..............................................................................................3 
3.4.3 Follow-up..................................................................................................4 
3.4.4 Observation Index.............................................................................4 
四、 Statistical analysis .....................................................................................4 
4.1 Sample size estimation...............................................................................4 
4.2 Statistics and Analysis of Research Data.................................5 
五、 Research on related ethics........................................................................5 
5.1 Audit by Ethics Committee......................................................................5 
5.2Consent Form........................................................................................................6 
六、 Confidentiality Measures.............................................................................6 
七、 Researcher 
7.1 Research Institute........................................................................................7 
7.2 Participants.....................................................................................................12 
八、Reference....................................................................................................................13 
 
 
 
 

5
 
一、 Backgroud 
Gallbladder cancer is the most common malignant biliary 
tract neoplasm. The incidence of gallbladder cancer is 
increasing year by year, ranking sixth in the incidence of 
digestive tract cancer. [1]There are significant differences 
in the incidence of gallbladder cancer globally. It has been 
reported that the incidence of gallbladder cancer varies 25 
times in different regions. The reasons for this difference 
may be related to environmental exposure differences and 
inherent genetic susceptibility. The highest incidence was 
found in the Andes Mountains of South America, Eastern and 
Central Europe (such as Hungary, Germany and Poland), Israel, 
while the incidence was lower in the United States and most 
Western and Mediterranean countries (such as Britain, France 
and Norway). In Asia, the incidence of gallbladder cancer is 
also at a high level, especially among women and men in 
northern India and Pakistan, while Korea has the highest 
incidence in Asia. The incidence of primary gallbladder 
cancer in China accounted for 0.4%-3.8% of biliary tract 
diseases in the same period, and there were regional 
differences.[2]. 
The main risk factors of gallbladder cancer include 
gallstone, gallbladder polyp, gallbladder adenoma, chronic 
inflammation of gallbladder, etc. [3][4].However, in recent 
years, there is still lack of relevant risk factors 
evaluation data, so on the basis of large-scale 
epidemiological investigation, large-scale prospective 
research is needed to further clarify the level of risk 
factors related to gallbladder cancer. 
With the development of modern imaging technology and in-
depth understanding of gallbladder diseases, the detection 
rate of benign lesions of gallbladder (gallbladder polyps, 

6
gallbladder adenomyosis, gallbladder adenoma, gallbladder 
stones, etc.) is increasing year by year, while some benign 
lesions of gallbladder can gradually evolve into gallbladder 
cancer through a series of pathophysiological processes. 
Radical resection is the only possible method to cure or 
improve the long-term survival rate of gallbladder cancer. 
However, due to the difficulty in early diagnosis of 
gallbladder cancer, the unknown etiology and lack of specific 
clinical manifestations, most patients were found to be 
advanced, with low resection rate and insensitive to 
radiotherapy and chemotherapy. [7] Most patients have lost the 
chance of operation at the time of consultation, and the 
overall 5-year survival rate is less than 5%.[5][6]。In the 
early stage of gallbladder cancer, because the biliary 
surgeon is not clear about the standard of standardized 
operation, the recurrence and metastasis of gallbladder 
cancer occur soon after operation, which seriously affects 
the prognosis [8].Therefore, the correct understanding of 
benign gallbladder diseases, intervention time and 
intervention measures have always been a serious challenge 
for surgeons. 
Correct understanding of the relationship between benign 
lesions of gallbladder and gallbladder cancer and rational 
grasp of the timing of surgical treatment are the urgent 
needs of many clinicians. 
The purpose of this study was to establish a prospective 
cohort of benign gallbladder diseases and to explore the 
correlation between benign gallbladder diseases and 
gallbladder cancer, the timing of intervention and socio-
economic benefits. In order to further understand the 
epidemiological trend, diagnosis and treatment of benign 
gallbladder diseases in China, the Biliary Surgery Group of 
the Surgical Society of the Chinese Medical Association plans 

7
to launch a nationwide epidemiological survey of gallbladder 
cancer (2018). This study will provide a more detailed basis 
for the diagnosis and treatment of benign gallbladder 
diseases in China. 
二、Purpose 
1. To study the correlation between benign diseases of 
gallbladder (such as gallstone, gallbladder polyp, 
gallbladder adenoma, cholecystitis, etc.) and gallbladder 
cancer； 
2. To clarify the intervention timing, intervention 
methods and benefits of early prevention of gallbladder 
cancer for benign gallbladder diseases, and to further 
calculate the difference of socioeconomic benefits (medical 
costs caused by diseases). 
三、Content 
 
3.1 Type 
Prospective, multi-centred research 
3.2 Population 
（1）Patients with benign gallbladder diseases 
（2）Healthy people without gallbladder disease 
3.2.1 Inclusion Criteria 
The subjects entered the study if they met the following 
four criteria. 
(1) Benign diseases of gallbladder were found during 
physical examination or consultation (according to the 
results of any imaging examination); 
(2) Healthy people without gallbladder disease; 
(3) older than 18 years old and younger than 80 years 
old; 

8
(4) Sign the informed consent. 
3.2.2 Exclusion criteria 
If any of the following items are combined, participants 
will not be able to enter the study. 
(1) Complicated with severe mental illness, severe heart, 
lung and kidney diseases; 
(2) Refusal of follow-up requests. 
3.2.3 Exit case 
（1）Judgment 
No matter when and why they quit, as long as they have 
not completed the whole follow-up observation, they are 
considered as cases of Midway withdrawal. 
（2）Standard 
1) Withdrawal from the study due to adverse events; 
2) Serious breach of the plan; 
3) Patients withdraw their informed consent. 
4) Researchers believe that subjects need to quit. 
5) others; 
3.2.4 Management 
Detailed records of withdrawal cases have been followed 
up, and statistical analysis of its observation indicators, 
the source documents should be kept for reference. Withdrawal 
rate should not exceed 20% during follow-up. 
3.2.5 Group 
Non exposed group：Healthy people without gallbladder  
disease 
Exposed group：Imaging examination confirmed gallbladder  
disease (non-gallbladder cancer). 
 

9
3.3  Number of cases and grouping method 
This study is an observational study. There is two groups 
of subjects and 100,000 cases are planned to be enrolled. 
3.4  Research procedures and related examinations 
3.4.1 Research period 
Case entry period： 
All clinical research centers completed case collection 
within 20 years after the start of the study. 
3.4.2  Formulate CRF table and recruitment 
1) Collect the information of patients: general 
demographic data; current medical history, past 
medical history, occupational history, residence 
history, personal habits, diet history, etc; imaging 
examination, blood routine, biochemistry, liver and 
kidney function, coagulation function, tumor markers 
and urine routine tests, routine preoperative 
examination (abdominal color Doppler ultrasound, CT, 
MR). Medical expenses related to diseases (including 
medical treatment, treatment, transportation, missed 
work, etc.). 
2) Recruited subjects can be enrolled into the group after 
they have informed the patient about the research and 
signed the informed consent form of the clinical study; 
the relevant information of patients is recorded in the 
data collection form. 
3.4.3 Follow-up 
   （1）Follow-up period 
 Subjects were followed up once a year after they entered 
the queue. Outpatient, home or telephone follow-up was 

10
conducted. Understand the general situation of the subjects, 
laboratory examination results, radiological examination 
results, treatment and so on. 
（2）Follow-up Protocol 
 1）Follow-up staff：Attending and special follow-up  
staff 
2）Follow up mode：Outpatient, door-to-door or telephone             
follow-up. 
3）Follow-up period：20 years  
4）Follow-up content：Collect information according to  
the main content of CRF table. 
5）Follow-up End：①Gallbladder tumor； 
②Dead; 
③Acceptance of cholecystectomy. 
3.4.4 Observation index 
（1）Incidence of gallbladder cancer； 
（2）Mortality of gallbladder-related diseases； 
（3）Surgical rate of gallbladder-related diseases； 
（4）Surgical methods for gallbladder-related diseases； 
（5）Medical expenses for gallbladder-related diseases. 
 
四、Statistical Analysis 
4.1 Sample size estimation 
（1）Patients who meet the discharge criteria should be  
admitted to the group continuously without selectivity. 
（2）This experiment is an observational study. The main 
purpose of this study is to study the correlation between 
benign diseases of gallbladder (such as gallstone, 
gallbladder polyp, gallbladder adenoma, cholecystitis, etc.) 

11
and the occurrence of gallbladder cancer, to clarify the 
timing, mode of intervention for benign diseases of 
gallbladder and the benefits of early prevention of 
gallbladder cancer, and to further calculate its 
socioeconomic Benefit difference (medical cost caused by 
disease). The incidence of gallbladder cancer was calculated 
according to the data of the previous "National Multicenter 
Clinical Study of Gallbladder Cancer Epidemiology" 
(unpublished), 2000 "National Clinical Epidemiological 
Investigation Report of Gallbladder Cancer" and 2015 
"Clinical Analysis of 2379 Cases of Gallbladder Cancer in 17 
Hospitals of Northwest Five Provinces". Calculate, use the 
sample size estimation formula, α= 0.05, β = 0.1, estimate 
the sample size of 100,000 people. 
4.2 Data statistics and analysis 
（1）Statistical grouping 
- 
The patients were grouped according to their basic 
information and tabulated, such as: 
Age：Old（＞60 years），Middle-aged（45-59 years），Youth
（＜＝45） 
Sex：Male，Female 
 
Location：According to the province where the patient is 
located 
History of present illness：Time of consultation, time of 
onset, symptoms of consultation, signs of admission, etc. 
 Anamnesis：According to the past medical history, it can 
be divided into: biliary tract diseases (gallstones, 
gallbladder polyps), tumors, cardiovascular diseases, 
surgical history, etc. 
…… 

12
（2）Statistics and Analysis of Research Data  
Linklab information acquisition system is used to input 
and verify data. All data were collected by SPSS 21.0. The 
data were analyzed by conventional single factor statistical 
analysis and advanced statistical methods (using CMH chi-
square on demand, multifactor generalized linear regression, 
tendency score, etc.). 
（3）For the missing values of the main evaluation 
indicators, Multi-Filling method is used to correct and 
sensitivity analysis. 
（5）Summary statistics 
- Metrological data give mean, standard deviation, 
minimum, maximum, P25, median and P75; Counting data give 
frequency distribution and corresponding percentage. 
五、Research on Related Ethics 
 
5.1 Audit by Ethics Committee  
This clinical study must follow the ethical principles of 
the Helsinki Declaration, the ethical regulations of China and 
the management norms and regulations of clinical research. The 
information related to this program and written informed 
consent must be submitted to the Ethics Committee, which can 
formally carry out the research only after obtaining written 
approval from the Ethics Committee. Researchers must submit 
annual reports to the Ethics Committee at least annually, if 
applicable. When the study is suspended and/or completed, the 
researcher must notify the Ethics Committee in writing; the 
researcher must report to the Ethics Committee in a timely 
manner the changes that have taken place in all the research 
work (such as the revision of the programme and/or informed 
consent). 
5.2 informed consent 
Informed consent may not be used until it has been approved 

13
by the ethics committee. Before participating in this study, 
each subject or his legal representative should read the 
informed consent form and give him or her sufficient time to 
understand the details of this study after the detailed answers 
of the research doctor, so that the subjects or their legal 
representatives can be fully informed, and the subjects have 
the right to voluntarily choose whether to participate or 
follow up. The study was withdrawn at that time. Any 
modification of the informed consent must be approved by the 
ethics committee of the research hospital, and the patients 
without leaving the hospital must sign the new version of the 
informed consent. The informed consent shall be signed 
voluntarily by the subject himself or his legal representative. 
The informed consent signed by the researcher and the subjects 
themselves or their legal representatives is in duplicate and 
each party keeps one copy. Informed consent is kept for 
reference as an important document of clinical trials. 
六、Cryptosecurity 
1. The collection and processing of personal data of 
subjects selected for this study is limited to the data 
necessary for the purpose of this study. The information 
contained in the Research Institute (including data) is only 
provided to the project collaboration group for review. 
Without the approval of the project leader and the project 
collaboration group, it is strictly prohibited to provide any 
information to third parties unrelated to the study. 
2. The project manager has the right to publish or publish 
information or data related to this test. If other 
individuals or units concerned with this test wish to publish 
or publish the test results or related data, they need to 
obtain the prior consent of the project leader. Project 
leaders should obtain the consent of researchers if they need 
to present the names of researchers in publications, 

14
publications or advertisements.

 
七．Project participants 
7.1 Research Institutes 
- Research center：Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji 
Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and 
Technology 
-Collaboration unit: 
Number 
Collaboration unit 
Researcher 
1 
 Anhui provincial hospital 
Jia Weidong 
2 
 China Meitan General Hospital 
Li Tao 
3 
 Beijing Tsinghua Changgeng 
Hospital 
Zeng Jianping 
4 
 Beijing Tiantan Hospital 
Affiliated to Capital Medical 
University 
Cheng Shi 
5 
 Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical 
University 
Zheng Yamin 
6 
 Beijing Youan Hospital Affiliated 
to Capital Medical University 
Zeng Daobing 
7 
 General Hospital of the Chinese 
People's Liberation Army 
Wang Jing 
8 
 Peking Union Medical College 
Hospital 
He Xiao Dong 
9 
 Beijing Century Temple Hospital 
Affiliated to Capital Medical 
University 
Peng Jirun 
10  Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to 
Xiamen University 
Su Yongjie 
11  Zhangzhou Zheng Xing hospital 
Li Jianguo 
12  Union Medical College Hospital 
Affiliated to Fujian Medical 
University 
Chen Yanling 
13  First Affiliated Hospital of 
Fujian Medical University 
Zhang Zhibo 
14  Meng Chao Liver and Gallbladder 
Hospital of Fujian Medical 
University 
Zeng Yongyi 
15  Second Hospital of Lanzhou 
University 
Cheng Zhibin 

 
16  Foshan Chancheng District Central 
Hospital 
Peng Liang 
17  Guangzhou First People's Hospital 
Gu Weili 
18  First Affiliated Hospital of 
Shantou University 
Yan Jiang 
19  First Affiliated Hospital of 
Shenzhen University 
Zhan Yongqiang 
20  Peking university shenzhen 
hospital 
Liu Jikui 
21  Sun Yat-sen University Cancer 
Center 
Li Shengping 
22  Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital of 
Sun Yat-sen University 
Chen Yajin 
23  Zhongshan People's Hospital 
Chang Xiaojian 
24  Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong 
Medical College 
Chen Nianping 
25  Guigang People's Hospital 
Luo Hanchuan 
26  Guiping People's Hospital 
Wei Xiaoyuan 
27  Liuzhou People's Hospital 
Liu Qiang 
28  First Affiliated Hospital of 
Guangxi Medical University 
Peng Tao 
29  Cancer Hospital Affiliated to 
Guangxi Medical University 
Wu Feixiang 
30  Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 
People's Hospital 
Liu Tianqi 
31  Sow District Hospital of 
traditional Chinese Medicine 
Zhou Qiang 
32  Danzhai County People's Hospital 
Wang Huigang 
33  Jinsha People's Hospital 
Wang Changkuan 
34  Liupanshui People's Hospital 
Cheng Yongpeng 
35  Tongren First People's Hospital 
Zhu Yingqian 
36  Xingyi People's Hospital 
Peng Yanchun 
37  People's Hospital of Xingyi City, 
Guizhou Province 
Luo Yunbo 
38  Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi 
Medical College, Guizhou Province 
Liu Yao 
39  Second Affiliated Hospital of 
Guizhou Medical University (Kaili 
418 Hospital) 
Shu Xiao 
40  Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou 
Medical University 
Sun Chengyi 

 
41  Hainan Provincial People's 
Hospital 
ZHENG Jinfang 
42  Affiliated Hospital of Hainan 
Medical College 
Yang Yan 
43  Cangzhou Central Hospital 
Li Xuefeng 
44  The Fourth Hospital of Hebei 
Medical University 
Peng Li 
45  Hebi City People's Hospital, Henan 
Province 
Chang Yunfeng 
46  People's Liberation Army 150 
Central Hospital 
Sun Gaobin 
47  Jingshan County People's Hospital, 
Hubei Province 
Yang Yong 
48  Fuyang City People's Hospital, 
Henan Province 
Gao Deshan 
49  Tangyin County People's Hospital, 
Henan Province 
Su Shi 
50  The First Affiliated Hospital of 
Zhengzhou University 
Tang Zhe 
51  Henan Cancer Hospital 
Zhou Jinxue 
52  Luohe Central Hospital 
Han Yanhua 
53  The Second Affiliated Hospital of 
Harbin Medical University 
Cui Yunyu 
54  The Third Affiliated Hospital of 
Harbin Medical University (Tumor 
Hospital) 
Zhang Yubao 
55  The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of 
Harbin Medical University 
Xu Lishan 
56  The First Affiliated Hospital of 
Harbin Medical University 
Yin Dalong 
57  Heilongjiang Provincial People's 
Hospital 
Jin Zhengxi 
58  Jianghan Oilfield General Hospital Zhang Yusheng 
59  Anlu Pu'ai Hospital 
Deng Youfa 
60  Chongyang County People's Hospital Wang Qingxian 
61  Dawu County People's Hospital 
Deng Haibo 
62  Daye People's Hospital 
Liu Baokuo 
63  Daye City Hospital 
Xiong Chunbo 
64  Daye Nonferrous Pharmaceuticals 
Affiliated Hospital 
Xu Ping 
65  Dangyang People's Hospital 
Xu Yuandeng 

 
66  Ezhou Central Hospital 
Chen Yifa 
67  Enshi State Central Hospital 
Li Jinmei 
68  Gezhouba Central Hospital 
Luo Jing 
69  Public Security County People's 
Hospital 
Chen Houbin 
70  Public Security County Hospital 
Zou Xianxiong 
71  Hanchuan People's Hospital 
Yong Yongjun 
72  Hong'an County People's Hospital Gan Shenghong 
73  Honghu People's Hospital 
Li Ping 
74  Honghu City Schistosomiasis 
Specialist Hospital 
Cao Yu 
75  Union Hospital of Tongji Medical 
College, Huazhong University of 
Science and Technology 
Feng Xiansong 
76  Huangpi District People's Hospital Hu Yanjun 
77  Huanggang Central Hospital 
He Qianjin 
78  Huanggang Chinese Medicine General 
Surgery 
Wang Xiao 
79  Huangmei County People's Hospital Wang Dahai 
80  Huangmei County Chinese Medicine 
Hospital 
Yang Yuning 
81  Huangshi Pu'ai Hospital 
Shi Huxi 
82  First Hospital of Huangshi City 
Liu Xisong 
83  Yellowstone Central Hospital 
Xia Guobing 
84  Huangzhou District People's 
Hospital 
Wang Jianguo 
85  Jiayu County People's Hospital 
Chen Yong 
86  Jianli County People's Hospital 
Yan Denggao 
87  Jianshi County People's Hospital Tang Liangqing 
88  Jiangling County People's Hospital Wang Qingshan 
89  The 161st Hospital of the Chinese 
People's Liberation Army 
Xu Ke 
90  Jingzhou First People's Hospital Li Wei 
91  Jingzhou Central Hospital 
Yang Zhiqi 
92  Lichuan People's Hospital 
Xiang Xianhui 
93  Luotian County People's Hospital Yu Shengfeng 
94  Macheng Central Hospital 
Yu Yiming 
95  Nanxun County People's Hospital 
Huang Ying 
96  Hunchun County People's Hospital Wang Zhirong 
97  Qianjiang Central Hospital 
Yin Tongzhi 

 
98  National Pharmacy Dongfeng General 
Hospital 
Zhou Wenbo 
99  Luxi County People's Hospital 
Liu Fengshun 
100  Songzi City People's Hospital 
He Qianzhang 
101  Sui County People's Hospital 
Shen Tao 
102  Suizhou Central Hospital 
Peng Gang 
103  Tongshan County People's Hospital Cheng Shouren 
104  Tuanfeng County People's Hospital Xu Shiying 
105  Wuchang Railway Hospital 
Gao Xuzhong 
106  Wuhan University People's Hospital Ding Youming 
107  Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan 
University 
He Yueming 
108  Wuhan Dongxihu Hospital 
Cai Lie 
109  Wuhan Puai Hospital 
You Jian 
110  Hubei Rongjun Hospital 
Yang Guochao 
111  Wuhan Sixth Hospital 
Liu Wen 
112  Wuhan Xinzhou District People's 
Hospital 
Lu Jinxi 
113  Wuhan Central Hospital 
Cai Changchun 
114  Wuxue People's Hospital 
Ju Yiqing 
115  Lishui County People's Hospital 
Chen Xiaoming 
116  Xiantao City People's Hospital 
Zeng Changjiang 
117  Xianning First People's Hospital Hu Guoxing 
118  Xianning Central Hospital 
Wang Daihong 
119  Xiangyang Central Hospital 
Liao Xiaofeng 
120  Fuyang City Hospital of 
Traditional Chinese Medicine 
Hu Bichuan 
121  Xiaochang County People's Hospital Deng Xiaobin 
122  Xiaogan Central Hospital 
Hu Yongjun 
123  Hubei Xinhua Hospital 
Zhu Yixiang 
124  Yangxin County People's Hospital Ma Xianshi 
125  Yangxin County Third People's 
Hospital 
Song Jinwen 
126  Yichang Second People Hospital 
Huo Lei 
127  Yiling District People's Hospital, 
Yichang City 
Li Jianwen 
128  Yichang Central Hospital 
Zheng Jun 
129  Yicheng People's Hospital 
Ge Liang 
130  Yidu People's Hospital 
Hu Wen 
131  Yidu Chinese Medicine Hospital 
Yin Qinghua 

 
132  Yingshan County People's Hospital Shifeng 
133  Yingcheng County People's Hospital Wang Wuxing 
134  Changyang County People's Hospital Zhou Jigang 
135  Changyang County Hospital of 
Traditional Chinese Medicine 
Yan Wandong 
136  People's Liberation Army Wuhan 
General Hospital 
Lu Yuping 
137  Zhongxiang People's Hospital 
Su Jinsong 
138  Hubei Cancer Hospital 
Wu Dongde 
139  Zigui County People's Hospital 
Li Xuechun 
140  Hunan Provincial People's Hospital Mao Xianhai 
141  Xiangxi People's Hospital 
Wang Wener 
142  Zhangpu County Chinese Medicine 
Hospital 
Xiang Jianwen 
143  Huarong County People's Hospital Wang Xuexiang 
144  Central South University Xiangya 
Hospital 
Tang Huihuan 
145  Zhuzhou Central Hospital 
Tang Caixi 
146  Baishen First Hospital of Jilin 
University 
Wang Guangyi 
147  Jilin University Sino-Japanese 
Friendship Hospital 
Li Wei 
148  Changzhou Third People's Hospital Xu Locke 
149  Nantong Cancer Hospital 
Shao Bingfeng 
150  Jiujiang City Duchang County 
People's Hospital 
Wang Longgang 
151  Second Affiliated Hospital of 
Nanchang University 
Zou Shubing 
152  The First Affiliated Hospital of 
Nanchang University 
Li Yong 
153  The First Affiliated Hospital of 
Dalian Medical University 
Wang Zhongyu 
154  The First Affiliated Hospital of 
Jinzhou Medical University 
Bai Guang 
155  Shenyang Military Region General 
Hospital 
Han Lei 
156  Shengjing Hospital affiliated to 
China Medical University 
Wu Shuodong 
157  Liaoning Cancer Hospital 
Hua Xiangdong 
158  The First Affiliated Hospital of 
Inner Mongolia Medical University Wang Zhenxia 

 
159  Baotou Cancer Hospital 
Zhao Qijun 
160  Ordos City Center Hospital 
Bai Hua Tian 
161  Ningxia Medical University General 
Hospital 
Yu Songning 
162  Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 
People's Hospital 
Li Mingwei 
163  Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai 
University 
Fan Haining 
164  Qinghai Provincial People's 
Hospital 
Guo Yamin 
165  Qilu Hospital of Shandong 
University 
Zhixu Pavilion 
166  Binzhou People's Hospital 
Xia Xiuliang 
167  Shan County Dongda Hospital 
Li Hongsheng 
168  Jining First People's Hospital 
Jonson 
169  Laiwu City People's Hospital 
Zhao Zhiqiang 
170  Shandong Provincial Hospital 
Lu Jun 
171  Liaocheng People's Hospital 
Zhang Jinliang 
172  Linyi Cancer Hospital 
Li Enshan 
173  Qingdao University Affiliated 
Hospital 
Wu Liqun 
174  Qingdao Municipal Hospital 
Shi Guangjun 
175  Rizhao City Hospital 
Xu Guixing 
176  Yankuang Group General Hospital 
Jiang Sifeng 
177  Shanxi Grand Hospital 
Zhao Haoliang 
178  People's Liberation Army 323 
Hospital 
Yan Qimin 
179  First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an 
Jiaotong University 
Qi Zhimin 
180  Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong 
University School of Medicine 
Wang Jian 
181  Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao 
Tong University School of Medicine Han Tianquan 
182  Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao 
Tong University School of Medicine Tang Zhaohui 
183  Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Yin Lu 
184  Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to 
Fudan University 
Liu Houbao 
185  West China Hospital of Sichuan 
University 
Li Fuyu 

 
186  Chengdu Military Region General 
Hospital of Sichuan Province 
Tang Lijun 
187  Deyang People's Hospital, Sichuan 
Province 
Zeng Hui 
188  Suining Central Hospital, Sichuan 
Province 
Dai Yi 
189  Zizhong County People's Hospital, 
Sichuan Province 
Zhuo Shijie 
190  Tianjin Third Central Hospital 
Devotion 
191  Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital 
Wang Fengqi 
192  Tianjin Nankai Hospital 
Li Zhonglian 
193  Tianjin Medical University Cancer 
Hospital 
Li Qiang 
194  The First Affiliated Hospital of 
Shihezi University Medical College Peng Xinyu 
195  Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 
Chinese Medicine Hospital 
Duan Shaobin 
196  Affiliated Tumor Hospital of 
Xinjiang Medical University 
Ding Wei 
197  Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 
People's Hospital 
Meng Hao 孟塬 
198  First Affiliated Hospital of 
Kunming Medical University 
Wang Kunhua 
199  Second Affiliated Hospital of 
Kunming Medical University 
Li Weiming 
200  Second Affiliated Hospital of 
Zhejiang University School of 
Medicine 
Li Jiangtao 
201  Hangzhou Normal University 
Affiliated Hospital 
Pan Zhijian 
202  Lishui Central Hospital, Zhejiang 
Province 
Tu Chaoyong 
203  Zhejiang Yongjia Chinese Medicine 
Hospital 
Xie Dongmei 
204  Daping Hospital of the Third 
Military Medical University 
Chen Ping 
205  Third Military Medical University 
Xinqiao Hospital 
Ding Shengcai 
206  Southwest Military Hospital, Third 
Military Medical University 
Chen Zhiyu 
207  Chongqing Fuling Central Hospital Zeng Jiangchao 

 
208  Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing 
Emergency Medical Center 
Liu Yongguo 
209  Second Military Medical University 
Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery 
Hospital 
Zhang Yongjie 
 
7.2 List of researchers in the center 
 
Name 
job title 
division of work 
 
Wang Jianming professor 
overall plan 
Tian Li 
Doctor 
Information collection, 
personnel coordination 
Lu Yun 
master 
Information collection, 
personnel coordination 
 
八．Reference 
 
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[3] Cariati A, Andorno E. Cholesterol Gallstones Larger Than 3 cm 
Appear to be Associated With Gallbladder Cancer: Identification of 
an High Risk Group of Patients That Could Benefit From Preventive 
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[5] Nakamura H, Arai Y, Totoki Y, et al. Genomic spectra of biliary 
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