Replication of the RECORD1 Anticoagulant Trial in Healthcare Claims Data
Conditions: Deep Vein Thrombosis, Pulmonary Embolus
Sponsor: Brigham and Women's Hospital

Replication of the RECORD1 Anticoagulant 
Trial in Healthcare Claims Data
NCT00329628
July 9, 2021

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
1. RCT Details
This section provides a high-level overview of a published RCT that the described real-world evidence study is trying to replicate
as closely as possible given the remaining limitations inherent in the healthcare databases.
1.1 Title 
Rivaroxaban versus Enoxaparin for Thromboprophylaxis after Hip Arthroplasty (RECORD1) 
1.2 Intended aim(s) 
To compare the risk of any deep vein thrombosis, nonfatal pulmonary embolism, or death in patients who underwent 
elective total hip arthroplasty for rivaroxaban versus standard therapy of enoxaparin. 
1.3 Primary endpoint for replication  
The primary outcome of the study was the composite of any deep-vein thrombosis, nonfatal pulmonary embolism, or death 
from any cause 
1.4 Required power for primary endpoint and noninferiority margin (if applicable) 
With an assumed outcome rate of 8% and non-inferiority absolute margin of 3.5%, it was determined that 1,562 patients 
per study group would be needed to achieve 95% power to conclude noninferiority of rivaroxaban over standard therapy at 
one-sided alpha level of 0.025.  
1.5 Secondary endpoint for replication (assay sensitivity) and RCT finding 
Major bleeding; 0.3% risk in rivaroxaban group and 0.1% risk in enoxaparin group, with an absolute increase in risk of 0.2% 
(95% CI -0.1-0.5) 
1.6 Trial estimate 
0.8% risk of primary outcome in rivaroxaban group and 3.8% risk in enoxaparin group, with a risk reduction of 2.5 
percentage points with 95% CI 1.5 to 3.6 (Eriksson et al., 2008) 
2. Person responsible for implementation of replication in Aetion
Dureshahwar Jawaid, MPH implemented the study design in the Aetion Evidence Platform. She is not responsible for the validity of
the design and analytic choices. All implementation steps are recorded and the implementation history is archived in the platform.

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
3. Data Source(s)
Optum, MarketScan, Medicare
4. Study Design Diagram
The study design diagram visualizes key aspects of the longitudinal study design for expedited review.
Figure 1 

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5. Cohort Identification
5.1 Cohort Summary 
This study will involve a new user, parallel group, propensity score-matched, retrospective cohort study design comparing 
rivaroxaban to enoxaparin users. The patients will be required to have continuous enrollment during a baseline period of 180 
days before initiation of rivaroxaban or enoxaparin (index date). We will restrict the analyses to patients who underwent a total 
hip arthroplasty. 
5.2 Important steps for cohort formation 
 New use of rivaroxaban, exposure, and enoxaparin, comparator, is defined as no use of either therapy in the 180 days prior to 
index date. 
5.2.1 Eligible cohort entry dates 
Market availability of rivaroxaban in the U.S. for treatment of deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing knee or hip 
replacement surgery on July 1, 2011 

For Medicare: July 1, 2011 – December 31, 2017 (end of available data)

For Marketscan: July 1, 2011 – December 31, 2018 (end of available data)

For Optum: July 1, 2011 – March 31, 2020 (end of available data)
5.2.2 Specify inclusion/exclusion criteria for cohort entry and define the index date. 
Inclusion and exclusion criteria were adapted from the trial as closely as possible. Definitions for all inclusion/exclusion 
are provided in Appendix A and are summarized in the flowcharts below. 
5.3 Flowchart of the study cohort assembly 
Optum 
Truven 
Medicare 
Less 
Excluded 
Patients 
Remaining 
Patients 
Less 
Excluded 
Patients 
Remaining 
Patients 
Less 
Excluded 
Patients 
Remaining 
Patients 
All patients 
78,779,380 
200,203,908 
6,886,908 

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
Did not meet cohort entry criteria 
-78,637,516 
141,864
-
199,749,129 
454,779 
-6,288,763
598,145 
Excluded due to insufficient enrollment 
-19,354
122,510 
-43,798
410,981 
-155,681
442,464 
Excluded due to prior use of referent 
-1,842
120,668 
-55,562
355,419 
-47,539
394,925 
Excluded due to prior use of exposure 
-18,320
102,348 
-19,645
335,774 
-60,851
334,074 
Excluded because patient qualified in >1 exposure category 
-14
102,334 
-81
335,693 
-197
333,877 
Excluded based on Age 
0 
102,334 
0 
335,693 
-136
333,741 
Excluded based on Gender 
0 
102,334 
0 
335,693 
0 
333,741 
Excluded based on Use of other NOACs (dabigatran, apixaban, 
edoxaban) 
-905
101,429 
-2297
333,396 
-7597
326,144 
Excluded based on Inclusion # 1 - Age >= 18 
-232
101,197 
-1,747
331,649 
-4
326,140 
Excluded based on Inclusion # 2 - total hip arthroplasty 
-89,074
12,123 
-288,401
43,248 
-275,562
50,578 
Excluded based on Exclusion #1 - bilateral hip replacement 
-18
12,105 
-195
43,053 
-168
50,410 
Excluded based on Exclusion #2 - Pregnancy 
-2
12,103 
-8
43,045 
-5
50,405 
Excluded based on Exclusion #3 - Active Bleeding or High Risk of 
Bleeding (inpatient) 
-59
12,044 
-262
42,783 
-2840
47,565 
Excluded based on Exclusion #5 - Conditions Preventing Bilateral 
Venography 
-618
11,426 
-1,544
41,239 
-4,198
43,367 
Excluded based on Exclusion #6 - Substantial Liver Disease 
-246
11,180 
-668
40,571 
-1,036
42,331 
Excluded based on Exclusion #7 - Severe Renal Impairment 
-29
11,151 
-123
40,448 
-245
42,086 
Excluded based on Exclusion #8 - Concomitant Use of Protease 
Inhibitors for HIV Treatment 
-2
11,149 
-33
40,415 
-37
42,049 
Excluded based on Use of warfarin 
-126
11,023 
-1383
39,032 
-2889
39,160 
Final cohort 
11,023 
39,032 
39,160 
6. Variables
6.1 Exposure-related variables: 
Study drug:  
The study exposure of interest is initiation of rivaroxaban. New initiation will be defined by no use of rivaroxaban or enoxaparin in 
the prior 6 months before treatment initiation (washout period). 

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
Comparator: 
New initiators of enoxaparin, defined by no use of rivaroxaban or enoxaparin in the prior 6 months. 
6.2 Covariates: 

Age

Sex

Combined Comorbidity Index (CCI), measured over the baseline covariate assessment period, defined as 180 days prior to
and including index date
Covariates listed above represent only a small subset of covariates that will ultimately be controlled for in the design and 
analysis. We use the covariates above only for initial feasibility analyses to judge whether there is likely to be sufficient overlap 
between treatment groups to proceed with the study. Remaining covariates are defined only after the study has passed the 
initial feasibility analysis and the initial power assessment and are listed in Table 1 (Appendix B).  
6.3 Outcome variables and study follow-up:  
6.3.1 Outcome variables 
Primary Effectiveness outcomes of interest: (definitions provided in Appendix A): 

Primary Outcome: any deep vein thrombosis, non-fatal pulmonary embolism, or death from any cause
Safety outcome of interest: 
1. Major bleeding
6.3.2 Study follow-up 

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
Both as-treated (AT) and intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses will be conducted with treatment defined as the index drug on the day of 
cohort entry. Because adherence in the real-world databases is expected to be much worse than in the trial, the AT analysis is the 
primary analysis, as it targets the relative hazard of outcomes on treatment.  
For the AT analyses, the follow-up will start the day after initiation of apixaban and comparator and will continue until the earliest 
date of the following events: 

The first occurrence of the outcome of interest, unless otherwise specified for selected outcomes,

The date of end of continuous registration in the database,

End of the study period,

Measured death event occurs,

Nursing home admission
o
Nursing home admissions are considered a censoring event because the data sources utilized typically provide little to
no data on a patient, particularly on drug utilization, after admission. We will utilize this as an exclusion reason for
cohorts for the same reason.

The date of drug discontinuation, defined as the date of the last continuous treatment episode of the index drug (apixaban
and comparator) plus a defined grace period (i.e., 10 days after the end of the last prescription’s days’ supply in main
analyses).

The date of augmentation or switching from exposure to comparator or vice versa or augmentation/switching to any other
NOAC (e.g. switching from rivaroxaban to apixaban would be a censoring event) or warfarin;
o
A dosage change on the index treatment does not fulfill this criterion
o
An added treatment that is not part of the exposure or comparator group does not fulfill this criterion

The occurrence of a bilateral hip arthroplasty
For the intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses, the censoring based on the augmentation/switching and treatment discontinuation will be 
replaced with a maximum allowed follow-up time of 36 days.  
7. Initial Feasibility Analysis
Aetion report name:
Optum- https://bwh-dope.aetion.com/projects/details/1633/rwrs/70926 

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
Marketscan- https://bwh-dope.aetion.com/projects/details/1634/rwrs/70927 
Medicare- https://bwh-dope.aetion.com/projects/details/1635/rwrs/70928  
Date conducted: 06/03/21 
Complete Aetion feasibility analysis using age, sex, and CCI as the only covariates and the primary endpoint (Section 6.3.1) as the 
outcome. No measures of association will be computed nor will incidence rates stratified by treatment group. 

Report patient characteristics by treatment group
Optum
Truven
Medicare
Variable 
Referent - 
enoxaparin 
30 or 40 mg 
Exposure - 
rivaroxaban 
10 mg 
Difference 
Referent- 
enoxaparin 
40 mg 
Exposure- 
rivaroxaban 
10 mg 
Difference 
Referent- 
enoxaparin 
40 mg 
Exposure- 
rivaroxaban 
10 mg 
Difference 
Number of patients 
139 
10,884 
- (-, -)
19,921 
19,111 
- (-, -)
3,318 
35,842 
- (-, -)
Age 
...mean (sd) 
59.07 
(10.34) 
63.88 
(10.73) 
-4.81 (-6.55,
-3.06)
60.11 
(10.24) 
60.51 
(10.11) 
-0.41 (-0.61,
-0.21)
71.28 (9.09) 
70.86 (8.57) 
0.43 (0.10, 
0.75) 
...median [IQR] 
60.00 
[53.00, 
64.00] 
64.00 
[57.00, 
71.00] 
- (-, -)
60.00 
[54.00, 
65.00] 
60.00 
[55.00, 
66.00] 
- (-, -)
72.00 
[67.00, 
77.00] 
71.00 
[67.00, 
76.00] 
- (-, -)
Gender without unknown 
...Male; n (%) 
56 (40.3%) 
4,760 
(43.7%) 
-3.4% (-
12.0%, 
5.1%) 
9,459 
(47.5%) 
9,129 
(47.8%) 
-0.3% (-
1.3%, 0.7%) 
1,332 
(40.1%) 
13,078 
(36.5%) 
3.7% (1.9%, 
5.4%) 
...Female; n (%) 
83 (59.7%) 
6,124 
(56.3%) 
3.4% (-
5.1%, 
12.0%) 
10,462 
(52.5%) 
9,982 
(52.2%) 
0.3% (-
0.7%, 1.3%) 
1,986 
(59.9%) 
22,764 
(63.5%) 
-3.7% (-
5.4%, -
1.9%) 
CCI Combined Comorbidity 
Score (183 days) with 
ICD10 
...mean (sd) 
1.74 (1.63) 
1.82 (1.58) 
-0.08 (-0.36,
0.19) 
1.49 (1.42) 
1.46 (1.36) 
0.03 (-0.00, 
0.05) 
4.82 (3.05) 
4.06 (2.75) 
0.76 (0.65, 
0.86) 

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
...median [IQR] 
1.00 [0.00, 
3.00] 
1.00 [1.00, 
3.00] 
- (-, -)
1.00 [1.00, 
2.00] 
1.00 [1.00, 
2.00] 
- (-, -)
4.00 [2.00, 
6.00] 
4.00 [2.00, 
6.00] 
- (-, -)

Report summary parameters of study population
FEASIBILITY- FOR STUDY OUTCOME
Optum
Truven
Medicare
Variable 
Value 
Value 
Value 
Number of patients in full cohort 
11,023 
39,032 
39,160 
Number of patients dropped as incomplete cases 
0 
0 
0 
Number of patients that did not begin follow-up 
3 
41 
26 
Number of patients in analytic cohort 
11,020 
38,991 
39,134 
Number of events 
8 
35 
112 
Number of person-years 
747.15 
2,814.10 
3,148.61 
Number of patients in group: Referent - enoxaparin 40 mg 
139 
19,902 
3,306 
Number of patients in group: Exposure - rivaroxaban 10 mg 
10,881 
19,089 
35,828 
Risk per 1,000 patients 
0.73 
0.9 
2.86 
Rate per 1,000 person-years 
10.71 
12.44 
35.57 

Report median follow-up time by treatment group
MEDIAN FOLLOW-UP TIME FOR STUDY OUTCOME
Median Follow-Up Time (Days) [IQR]
Optum
Truven
Medicare
Patient Group 
Median Follow-Up 
Time (Days) [IQR] 
Median Follow-Up 
Time (Days) [IQR] 
Median Follow-Up 
Time (Days) [IQR] 
Overall Patient Population
28 [15, 38]
23 [18, 36]
29 [20, 38]

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
Referent
11 [10, 13]
20 [18, 28]
20 [16, 27]
Exposure
28 [15, 38]
35 [22, 38]
32 [22, 38]
 
 
 
 Report reasons for censoring in the overall study population 
CENSORING REASONS FOR STUDY OUTCOME 
  
Optum 
Truven 
Medicare 
Overall 
  
  
  
Outcome 
8 (0.1%) 
35 (0.1%) 
112 (0.3%) 
Death 
0 (0.0%) 
0 (0.0%) 
0 (0.0%) 
Start of an additional exposure 
0 (0.0%) 
72 (0.2%) 
124 (0.3%) 
End of index exposure 
8,398 
(76.2%) 
37,568 
(96.4%) 
36,891 
(94.3%) 
Specified date reached 
21 (0.2%) 
142 (0.4%) 
391 (1.0%) 
End of patient data 
0 (0.0%) 
0 (0.0%) 
0 (0.0%) 
End of patient enrollment 
212 (1.9%) 
928 (2.4%) 
108 (0.3%) 
Censoring - Switch to other NOAC + nursing home + bilateral hip arthroplasty 
Occurred 
2,381 
(21.6%) 
246 (0.6%) 
1,508 (3.9%) 
 
 
 Report overall risk of the primary outcome. 
Optum
Marketscan
Medicare
Pooled
Risk per 1,000 patients 
0.73
0.9
2.86
1.74 
 
 
8. Initial Power Assessment 
Aetion report name: 

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
Optum- https://bwh-dope.aetion.com/projects/details/1633/rwrs/71036  
Marketscan- https://bwh-dope.aetion.com/projects/details/1634/rwrs/71035 
Medicare- https://bwh-dope.aetion.com/projects/details/1635/rwrs/71034  
Date conducted:  06/04/21 
In order to complete the initial power analysis, the dummy outcome of a 90-day gap in database enrollment will be used. This 
outcome is used to ensure that no information on the comparative risks of the outcomes of interest are available at this stage. 
Complete a 1:1 PS-matched comparative analysis using this outcome. PS should include only 3 covariates: age, sex, and combined 
comorbidity index. Power calculations are based on the formulas from Chow et al. (2008). 

Stop analyses until feasibility and power are reviewed by primary investigators and FDA. Reviewers evaluate the results of the
analyses described above in Sections 7 and 8, including numbers of patients, patient characteristics, follow-up time, and reasons
for censoring by treatment group, as well as overall rates of outcomes and study power. These parameters are re-evaluated and
reported in the subsequent sections, after incorporating feedback and refining the protocol.
Reviewed by PI:
Date reviewed:
Reviewed by FDA:
Date reviewed:
Reasons for stopping 
analysis (if required): 
9. Balance Assessment
Aetion report name: 
Optum: https://bwh-dope.aetion.com/projects/details/1633/rwrs/70922  
Marketscan: https://bwh-dope.aetion.com/projects/details/1634/rwrs/70924 
Medicare: https://bwh-dope.aetion.com/projects/details/1635/rwrs/70925  
Date conducted: 06/03/21 
After review of initial feasibility and power analyses, complete creation of the remaining covariates from Section 6.2. Again, using the 

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
dummy outcome of a 90-day gap in database enrollment, complete a 1:1 PS-matched analysis. The PS should include the complete 
list of covariates. 

Provide plot of PS distributions stratified by treatment group.
Note- Please refer to Appendix B.

Report covariate balance after matching.
Note- Please refer to Appendix B.

Report reasons for censoring by treatment group.
Overall 
Referent 
Exposure 
Dummy outcome 
0 (0%) 
0 (0%) 
0 (0%) 
Death 
10 (0.03%) 
5 (0.03%) 
5 (0.03%) 
Start of an additional exposure 
127 (0.36%) 
101 (0.58%) 
26 (0.15%) 
End of index exposure 
33,215 (95.24%) 
16,577 (95.06%) 
16,638 (95.41%) 
Specified date reached 
192 (0.55%) 
83 (0.48%) 
109 (0.63%) 
End of patient enrollment 
712 (2.04%) 
281 (1.61%) 
431 (2.47%) 
Censoring - Switch to other NOAC + nursing home + 
bilateral hip arthroplasty Occurred 
620 (1.78%) 
391 (2.24%) 
229 (1.31%) 

Report follow-up time by treatment group.
Median Follow-Up Time (Days) [IQR] 
Patient Group 
Optum 
Marketscan 
Medicare 
Overall Patient Population 
15 [10, 32] 
24 [18, 36] 
22 [18, 36] 
Referent 
11 [10, 15] 
20 [18, 28] 
20 [16, 28] 
Exposure 
31 [18, 38] 
35 [22, 38] 
31 [22, 38] 
10. Final Power Assessment
Date conducted: 06/03/21 

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
 Re-calculate power in the appropriate excel table, using the revised number of matched patients from the PS-match in Section 9. 
All other parameters in the table should be the same as in Section 8. 
 
Note: Although the pooled power calculation from the emulation is below the 95% power threshold under similar assumptions as 
the trial, we saw the trial was overpowered for noninferiority, given the actual size of the effect. Given the trial finding of a 70% 
lower risk, we expect to have enough power in this trial emulation. 
 
o Pooled 
Non-inferiority Analysis
Number of patients matched
34,876
Reference
17,438
Exposed
17,438
Risk per 1000 patients
1.74
Assumed HR from RCT
1
Alpha (2-sided)
0.05
Non-inferiority margin
1.95
Number of events expected
60.68424
Power
0.739314806  
 
o Optum 

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
Non-inferiority Analysis
Number of patients matched
214
Reference
107
Exposed
107
Risk per 1000 patients
0.73
Assumed HR from RCT
1
Alpha (2-sided)
0.05
Non-inferiority margin
1.95
Number of events expected
0.15622
Power
0.03377588
o
MarketScan
Non-inferiority Analysis
Number of patients matched
28,132
Reference
14,066
Exposed
14,066
Risk per 1000 patients
0.90
Assumed HR from RCT
1
Alpha (2-sided)
0.05
Non-inferiority margin
1.95
Number of events expected
25.3188
Power
0.389823503
o
Medicare

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
Non-inferiority Analysis
Number of patients matched
6,530
Reference
3,265
Exposed
3,265
Risk per 1000 patients
2.86
Assumed HR from RCT
1
Alpha (2-sided)
0.05
Non-inferiority margin
1.95
Number of events expected
18.6758
Power
0.302600852

Stop analyses until balance and final power assessment are reviewed by primary investigators, FDA, and assigned members of
advisory board.
Reviewed by PI:
Date reviewed:
Reviewed by FDA:
Date reviewed:
Reasons for stopping 
analysis (if required): 
11. Study Confidence and Concerns
Deadline for voting on study confidence and listing concerns: 
Date votes and concerns are summarized:    

If final feasibility and power analyses are reviewed and approved, proceed to the remaining protocol steps.

All study team and advisory board members that review this protocol should at this stage provide their level of confidence for the
success of the RWD study in the Google Form. This form also provides space for reviewers to list any concerns that they feel may

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
contribute to a failure to replicate the findings of the RCT, including differences in study populations, poor measurement of study 
variables, or residual confounding. All responses will be kept confidential and individual-level results will only be shared with the 
individual respondent. 

After the deadline for voting has passed, provide the distribution of responses and summarize all concerns here.
12. Register study protocol on clinicalTrials.gov
Date conducted: 

Register the study on clinicalTrials.gov and upload this document.
13. Comparative Analyses
Aetion report name: 
Date conducted:    
13.1 
For primary analysis:  
13.2 
For sensitivity analyses: 
14. Requested Results
14.1 
Table 1: Baseline characteristics before and after adjustment 
Variable 
Before adjustment 
After adjustment 
Referent 
Exposure 
Std. diff. 
Referent 
Exposure 
Std. diff. 
Number of patients 
- 
- 
Age categories 
… 

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
14.2 
Table 2: Follow-up time 
 
Patient Group 
Median Follow-Up Time (Days) [IQR] 
Overall Patient Population 
 
Referent 
 
Exposure 
 
 
14.3 
Table 3: Censoring events 
 
 
Overall 
Referent 
Exposure 
Outcome 
 
 
 
Death 
 
 
 
Start of an additional exposure 
 
 
 
End of index exposure 
 
 
 
Specified date reached 
 
 
 
End of patient data 
 
 
 
End of patient enrollment 
 
 
 
… 
 
 
 
 
14.4 
Table 4: Results from primary analyses; 
 
Analysis 
No. exposed events 
No. referent events 
Exposed rate 
Referent rate 
HR (95% CI) 
Crude 
 
 
 
 
 
Analysis 1 
 
 
 
 
 
Analysis 2 
 
 
 
 
 
... 
 
 
 
 
 
HR, Hazard Ratio; CI, Confidence Interval. 
 
14.5 
Table 5: Results from secondary analyses; 

Effectiveness research with Real World Data to support FDA’s regulatory decision making 
15. References
Eriksson B, Borris L, Friedman R, et al. Rivaroxaban versus Enoxaparin for Thromboprophylaxis after Hip Arthroplasty. N Engl J Med. 
2008; 358:2765-75   
Chow S, Shao J, Wang H. 2008.  Sample Size Calculations in Clinical Research. 2nd Ed. Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics Series. page 
177 

Trial Name (with web 
links) 
RECORD1
Trial Name (with pdf 
links)
RECORD1
NCT 
NCT00329628
Therapeutic Area
Cardiology/Vascular Diseases
Study Batch
NOACs
Brand Name
Xarelto 
Generic Name
Rivaroxaban
Sponsor
Bayer
Year
2008
Measurable Endpoint
Composite endpoint of total VTE i.e.: Any DVT (proximal 
and/or distal), Non fatal PE, Death of all causes [ Time 
Frame: Treatment period : up to day 36+/-6 ]
Exposure
Rivaroxaban
Comparator
Enoxaparin
Population
Patients of legal age who were scheduled for elective total 
hip replacement
Trial Finding
HR = 1
 No. of Patients 
4,591 (2,266 in exposed arm)
Non-inferiority 
Margin
HR = 1.95
Power
0.95. If these assumptions were
correct, 1562 patients per study group would be
sufficient to show noninferiority with a power of
95% and a one-sided type I error rate of 2.5%. It
was assumed that 25% of patients would not have
valid venograms, resulting in a target sample size
of 4200 patients.
Appendix A

Title
PE DVT outcome
ICD-9 Dx inpatient primary position
PE
415.1
PULMONARY EMBOLISM AND INFARCTION
415.11
IATROGENIC PULMONARY EMBOLISM AND INFARCTION
415.19
OTHER PULMONARY EMBOLISM AND INFARCTION
DVT
451.1
PHLEBITIS AND THROMBOPHLEBITIS OF DEEP VEINS OF LOWER EXTREMITIES
451.11
PHLEBITIS AND THROMBOPHLEBITIS OF FEMORAL VEIN (DEEP) (SUPERFICIAL)
451.19
PHLEBITIS AND THROMBOPHLEBITIS OF OTHER
451.2
PHLEBITIS AND THROMBOPHLEBITIS OF LOWER EXTREMITIES UNSPECIFIED
451.81
PHLEBITIS AND THROMBOPHLEBITIS OF ILIAC VEIN
451.9
PHLEBITIS AND THROMBOPHLEBITIS OF UNSPECIFIED SITE
453
BUDD-CHIARI SYNDROME
453.1
THROMBOPHLEBITIS MIGRANS
453.2
EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA
453.4
ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF DEEP VESSELS OF LOWER EXTREMITY
453.40
ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF UNSPECIFIED DEEP VESSELS OF LOWER EXTREMITY
453.41
ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF DEEP VESSELS OF PROXIMAL LOWER EXTREMITY
453.42
ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF DEEP VESSELS OF DISTAL LOWER EXTREMITY
453.5
CHRONIC VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF DEEP VESSELS OF LOWER EXTREMITY
453.50
CHRONIC VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF UNSPECIFIED DEEP VESSELS OF LOWER EXTREMITY
453.51
CHRONIC VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF DEEP VESSELS OF PROXIMAL LOWER EXTREMITY
453.52
CHRONIC VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF DEEP VESSELS OF DISTAL LOWER EXTREMITY
453.8
ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF OTHER SPECIFIED VEINS
453.82
ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF DEEP VEINS OF UPPER EXTREMITY
453.83
ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF UPPER EXTREMITY UNSPECIFIED
453.84
ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF AXILLARY VEINS
453.85
ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF SUBCLAVIAN VEINS
453.86
ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF INTERNAL JUGULAR VEINS
453.87
ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF OTHER THORACIC VEINS
Appendix A

453.89
ACUTE VENOUS EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF OTHER SPECIFIED VEINS
453.9
EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS OF UNSPECIFIED SITE
ICD-10 Dx inpatient primary position
PE
I26.0 
Pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale
I26.01 
Septic pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale
I26.02 
Saddle embolus of pulmonary artery with acute cor pulmonale
I26.09 
Other pulmonary embolism with acute cor pulmonale
I26.9 
Pulmonary embolism without acute cor pulmonale
I26.99 
Other pulmonary embolism without acute cor pulmonale
DVT
I80.1 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of femoral vein
I80.10 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of unspecified femoral vein
I80.11 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of right femoral vein
I80.12 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of left femoral vein
I80.13 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of femoral vein, bilateral
I80.2 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of other and unspecified deep vessels of lower extremities
I80.20 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of unspecified deep vessels of lower extremities
I80.201 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of unspecified deep vessels of right lower extremity
I80.202 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of unspecified deep vessels of left lower extremity
I80.203 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of unspecified deep vessels of lower extremities, bilateral
I80.209 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of unspecified deep vessels of unspecified lower extremity
I80.21 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of iliac vein
I80.211 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of right iliac vein
I80.212 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of left iliac vein
I80.213 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of iliac vein, bilateral
I80.219 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of unspecified iliac vein
I80.22 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of popliteal vein
I80.221 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of right popliteal vein
I80.222 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of left popliteal vein
I80.223 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of popliteal vein, bilateral
I80.229 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of unspecified popliteal vein
Appendix A

I80.23 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of tibial vein
I80.231 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of right tibial vein
I80.232 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of left tibial vein
I80.233 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of tibial vein, bilateral
I80.239 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of unspecified tibial vein
I80.29 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of other deep vessels of lower extremities
I80.291 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of other deep vessels of right lower extremity
I80.292 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of other deep vessels of left lower extremity
I80.293 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of other deep vessels of lower extremity, bilateral
I80.299 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of other deep vessels of unspecified lower extremity
I80.3 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of lower extremities, unspecified
I80.9 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of unspecified site
I82.0 
Budd-Chiari syndrome
I82.1 
Thrombophlebitis migrans
I80.3 
Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of lower extremities, unspecified
I82.4 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of lower extremity
I82.40 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of lower extremity
I82.401 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of right lower extremity
I82.402 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of left lower extremity
I82.403 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of lower extremity, bilateral
I82.409 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of unspecified lower extremity
I82.41 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of femoral vein
I82.411 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of right femoral vein
I82.412 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of left femoral vein
I82.413 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of femoral vein, bilateral
I82.419 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified femoral vein
I82.42 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of iliac vein
I82.421 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of right iliac vein
I82.422 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of left iliac vein
I82.423 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of iliac vein, bilateral
I82.429 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified iliac vein
I82.43 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of popliteal vein
I82.431 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of right popliteal vein
I82.432 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of left popliteal vein
Appendix A

I82.433 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of popliteal vein, bilateral
I82.439 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified popliteal vein
I82.44 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of tibial vein
I82.441 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of right tibial vein
I82.442 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of left tibial vein
I82.443 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of tibial vein, bilateral
I82.449 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified tibial vein
I82.49 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of lower extremity
I82.491 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of right lower extremity
I82.492 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of left lower extremity
I82.493 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of lower extremity, bilateral
I82.499 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of unspecified lower extremity
I82.4Y 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of proximal lower extremity
I82.4Y1 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of right proximal lower extremity
I82.4Y2 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of left proximal lower extremity
I82.4Y3 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of proximal lower extremity, bilateral
I82.4Y9 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of unspecified proximal lower extremity
I82.4Z 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of distal lower extremity
I82.4Z1 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of right distal lower extremity
I82.4Z2 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of left distal lower extremity
I82.4Z3 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of distal lower extremity, bilateral
I82.4Z9 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of unspecified distal lower extremity
I82.5 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of lower extremity
I82.50 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of lower extremity
I82.501 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of right lower extremity
I82.502 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of left lower extremity
I82.503 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of lower extremity, bilateral
I82.509 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of unspecified lower extremity
I82.51 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of femoral vein
I82.511 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of right femoral vein
I82.512 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of left femoral vein
I82.513 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of femoral vein, bilateral
I82.519 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified femoral vein
I82.52 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of iliac vein
Appendix A

I82.521 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of right iliac vein
I82.522 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of left iliac vein
I82.523 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of iliac vein, bilateral
I82.529 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified iliac vein
I82.53 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of popliteal vein
I82.531 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of right popliteal vein
I82.532 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of left popliteal vein
I82.533 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of popliteal vein, bilateral
I82.539 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified popliteal vein
I82.54 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of tibial vein
I82.541 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of right tibial vein
I82.542 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of left tibial vein
I82.543 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of tibial vein, bilateral
I82.549 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified tibial vein
I82.59 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of lower extremity
I82.591 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of right lower extremity
I82.592 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of left lower extremity
I82.593 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of lower extremity, bilateral
I82.599 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of other specified deep vein of unspecified lower extremity
I82.5Y 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of proximal lower extremity
I82.5Y1 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of right proximal lower extremity
I82.5Y2 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of left proximal lower extremity
I82.5Y3 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of proximal lower extremity, bilateral
I82.5Y9 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of unspecified proximal lower extremity
I82.5Z 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of distal lower extremity
I82.5Z1 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of right distal lower extremity
I82.5Z2 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of left distal lower extremity
I82.5Z3 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of distal lower extremity, bilateral
I82.5Z9 
Chronic embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep veins of unspecified distal lower extremity
I82.6 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of veins of upper extremity
I82.60 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified veins of upper extremity
I82.601 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified veins of right upper extremity
I82.602 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified veins of left upper extremity
I82.603 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified veins of upper extremity, bilateral
Appendix A

I82.609 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified veins of unspecified upper extremity
I82.62 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of upper extremity
I82.621 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of right upper extremity
I82.622 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of left upper extremity
I82.623 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of upper extremity, bilateral
I82.629 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of deep veins of unspecified upper extremity
I82.890 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of other specified veins
I82.90 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified vein
I82.A1 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of axillary vein
I82.A11 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of right axillary vein
I82.A12 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of left axillary vein
I82.A13 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of axillary vein, bilateral
I82.A19 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified axillary vein
I82.B1 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of subclavian vein
I82.B11 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of right subclavian vein
I82.B12 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of left subclavian vein
I82.B13 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of subclavian vein, bilateral
I82.B19 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified subclavian vein
I82.C1 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of internal jugular vein
I82.C11 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of right internal jugular vein
I82.C12 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of left internal jugular vein
I82.C13 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of internal jugular vein, bilateral
I82.C19 
Acute embolism and thrombosis of unspecified internal jugular vein
Appendix A

Title
Major Bleeding
1 inpatient or 2 outpatient diagnosis
ICD-9 Dx inpatient any position
423
(ICD9) HEMOPERICARDIUM
430
(ICD9) SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE
431
(ICD9) INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE
432
(ICD9) NONTRAUMATIC EXTRADURAL HEMORRHAGE
432.1
(ICD9) SUBDURAL HEMORRHAGE
432.9
(ICD9) UNSPECIFIED INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE
459
(ICD9) HEMORRHAGE UNSPECIFIED
531
(ICD9) ACUTE GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE
531
(ICD9) ACUTE GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION
531.01
(ICD9) ACUTE GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE WITH OBSTRUCTION
531.2
(ICD9) ACUTE GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION
531.2
(ICD9) ACUTE GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION
531.21
(ICD9) ACUTE GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITH OBSTRUCTION
531.4
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE
531.4
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION
531.41
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE WITH OBSTRUCTION
531.6
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION
531.6
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITHOUT 
OBSTRUCTION
531.61
 (ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTRIC ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITH OBSTRUCTION
532
(ICD9) ACUTE DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE
532
(ICD9) ACUTE DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION
532.01
(ICD9) ACUTE DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE WITH OBSTRUCTION
532.2
(ICD9) ACUTE DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION
532.2
(ICD9) ACUTE DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION
532.21
(ICD9) ACUTE DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITH OBSTRUCTION
532.4
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE
532.4
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION
532.41
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE WITH OBSTRUCTION
Appendix A

532.6
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION
532.6
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITHOUT 
OBSTRUCTION
532.61
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED DUODENAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITH 
OBSTRUCTION
533
(ICD9) ACUTE PEPTIC ULCER OF UNSPECIFIED SITE WITH HEMORRHAGE
533
(ICD9) ACUTE PEPTIC ULCER OF UNSPECIFIED SITE WITH HEMORRHAGE WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION
533.01
(ICD9) ACUTE PEPTIC ULCER OF UNSPECIFIED SITE WITH HEMORRHAGE WITH OBSTRUCTION
533.2
(ICD9) ACUTE PEPTIC ULCER OF UNSPECIFIED SITE WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION
533.2
(ICD9) ACUTE PEPTIC ULCER OF UNSPECIFIED SITE WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITHOUT 
OBSTRUCTION
533.21
 (ICD9) ACUTE PEPTIC ULCER OF UNSPECIFIED SITE WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITH OBSTRUCTION
533.4
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED PEPTIC ULCER OF UNSPECIFIED SITE WITH HEMORRHAGE
533.4
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED PEPTIC ULCER OF UNSPECIFIED SITE WITH HEMORRHAGE WITHOUT 
OBSTRUCTION
533.41
 (ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED PEPTIC ULCER OF UNSPECIFIED SITE WITH HEMORRHAGE WITH OBSTRUCTION
533.6
 (ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED PEPTIC ULCER OF UNSPECIFIED SITE WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION
533.6
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED PEPTIC ULCER OF UNSPECIFIED SITE WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION 
WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION
533.61
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED PEPTIC ULCER OF UNSPECIFIED SITE WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION 
WITH OBSTRUCTION
534
(ICD9) ACUTE GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE
534
(ICD9) ACUTE GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION
534.01
(ICD9) ACUTE GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE WITH OBSTRUCTION
534.2
(ICD9) ACUTE GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION
534.2
(ICD9) ACUTE GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION
534.21
(ICD9) ACUTE GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITH OBSTRUCTION
534.4
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE
534.4
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE WITHOUT OBSTRUCTION
534.41
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE WITH OBSTRUCTION
534.6
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION
Appendix A

534.6
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITHOUT 
OBSTRUCTION
534.61
(ICD9) CHRONIC OR UNSPECIFIED GASTROJEJUNAL ULCER WITH HEMORRHAGE AND PERFORATION WITH 
OBSTRUCTION
562.02
(ICD9) DIVERTICULOSIS OF SMALL INTESTINE WITH HEMORRHAGE
562.03
(ICD9) DIVERTICULITIS OF SMALL INTESTINE WITH HEMORRHAGE
562.12
(ICD9) DIVERTICULOSIS OF COLON WITH HEMORRHAGE
562.13
(ICD9) DIVERTICULITIS OF COLON WITH HEMORRHAGE
568.81
(ICD9) HEMOPERITONEUM (NONTRAUMATIC)
569.3
(ICD9) HEMORRHAGE OF RECTUM AND ANUS
569.83
(ICD9) PERFORATION OF INTESTINE
569.85
(ICD9) ANGIODYSPLASIA OF INTESTINE WITH HEMORRHAGE
569.86
(ICD9) DIEULAFOY LESION (HEMORRHAGIC) OF INTESTINE
578
(ICD9) HEMATEMESIS
578.1
(ICD9) BLOOD IN STOOL
578.9
(ICD9) HEMORRHAGE OF GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT UNSPECIFIED
719.1
(ICD9) HEMARTHROSIS
719.1
(ICD9) HEMARTHROSIS SITE UNSPECIFIED
719.11
(ICD9) HERARTHROSIS INVOLVING SHOULDER REGION
719.12
(ICD9) HEMARTHORSIS INVOLVING UPPER ARM
719.13
(ICD9) HEMARTHROSIS INVOLVING FOREARM
719.14
(ICD9) HEMARTHROSIS INVOLVING HAND
719.15
(ICD9) HEMARTHROSIS INVOLVING PELVIC REGION AND THIGH
719.16
(ICD9) HEMARTHROSIS INVOLVING LOWER LEG
719.17
(ICD9) HEMARTHROSIS INVOLVING ANKLE AND FOOT
719.18
(ICD9) HEMARTHROSIS INVOLVING OTHER SPECIFIED SITES
719.19
(ICD9) HEMARTHROSIS INVOLVING MULTIPLE SITES
784.7
(ICD9) EPISTAXIS
784.8
(ICD9) HEMORRHAGE FROM THROAT
599.7
(ICD9) HEMATURIA
599.7
(ICD9) HEMATURIA UNSPECIFIED
599.71
(ICD9) GROSS HEMATURIA
599.72
(ICD9) MICROSCOPIC HEMATURIA
786.3
(ICD9) HEMOPTYSIS
Appendix A

786.3
(ICD9) HEMOPTYSIS UNSPECIFIED
786.31
(ICD9) ACUTE IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE IN INFANTS
786.39
(ICD9) OTHER HEMOPTYSIS
ICD-10 Dx inpatient any position
I31.2 
(ICD10) Hemopericardium, not elsewhere classified
I60.00 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from unspecified carotid siphon and bifurcation
I60.01 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from right carotid siphon and bifurcation
I60.02 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from left carotid siphon and bifurcation
I60.10 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from unspecified middle cerebral artery
I60.11 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from right middle cerebral artery
I60.12 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from left middle cerebral artery
I60.2 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from anterior communicating artery
I60.30 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from unspecified posterior communicating artery
I60.31 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from right posterior communicating artery
I60.32 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from left posterior communicating artery
I60.4 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from basilar artery
I60.50 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from unspecified vertebral artery
I60.51 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from right vertebral artery
I60.52 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from left vertebral artery
I60.6 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from other intracranial arteries
I60.7 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from unspecified intracranial artery
I60.8 
(ICD10) Other nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage
I60.9 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, unspecified
I61.0 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in hemisphere, subcortical
I61.1 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in hemisphere, cortical
I61.2 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in hemisphere, unspecified
I61.3 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in brain stem
I61.4 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in cerebellum
I61.5 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, intraventricular
I61.6 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, multiple localized
I61.8 
(ICD10) Other nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage
I61.9 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, unspecified
I62.00 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subdural hemorrhage, unspecified
Appendix A

I62.01 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic acute subdural hemorrhage
I62.02 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic subacute subdural hemorrhage
I62.03 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic chronic subdural hemorrhage
I62.1 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic extradural hemorrhage
I62.9 
(ICD10) Nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage, unspecified
K25.0 
(ICD10) Acute gastric ulcer with hemorrhage
K25.2 
(ICD10) Acute gastric ulcer with both hemorrhage and perforation
K25.4 
(ICD10) Chronic or unspecified gastric ulcer with hemorrhage
K25.6 
(ICD10) Chronic or unspecified gastric ulcer with both hemorrhage and perforation
K26.0 
(ICD10) Acute duodenal ulcer with hemorrhage
K26.2 
(ICD10) Acute duodenal ulcer with both hemorrhage and perforation
K26.4 
(ICD10) Chronic or unspecified duodenal ulcer with hemorrhage
K26.6 
(ICD10) Chronic or unspecified duodenal ulcer with both hemorrhage and perforation
K27.0 
(ICD10) Acute peptic ulcer, site unspecified, with hemorrhage
K27.2 
(ICD10) Acute peptic ulcer, site unspecified, with both hemorrhage and perforation
K27.4 
(ICD10) Chronic or unspecified peptic ulcer, site unspecified, with hemorrhage
K27.6 
(ICD10) Chronic or unspecified peptic ulcer, site unspecified, with both hemorrhage and perforation
K28.0 
(ICD10) Acute gastrojejunal ulcer with hemorrhage
K28.2 
(ICD10) Acute gastrojejunal ulcer with both hemorrhage and perforation
K28.4 
(ICD10) Chronic or unspecified gastrojejunal ulcer with hemorrhage
K28.6 
(ICD10) Chronic or unspecified gastrojejunal ulcer with both hemorrhage and perforation
K55.21 
(ICD10) Angiodysplasia of colon with hemorrhage
K56.60 
(ICD10) Unspecified intestinal obstruction
K57.01 
(ICD10) Diverticulitis of small intestine with perforation and abscess with bleeding
K57.11 
(ICD10) Diverticulosis of small intestine without perforation or abscess with bleeding
K57.13 
(ICD10) Diverticulitis of small intestine without perforation or abscess with bleeding
K57.21 
(ICD10) Diverticulitis of large intestine with perforation and abscess with bleeding
K57.31 
(ICD10) Diverticulosis of large intestine without perforation or abscess with bleeding
K57.33 
(ICD10) Diverticulitis of large intestine without perforation or abscess with bleeding
K57.41 
(ICD10) Diverticulitis of both small and large intestine with perforation and abscess with bleeding
K57.51 
(ICD10) Diverticulosis of both small and large intestine without perforation or abscess with bleeding
K57.53 
(ICD10) Diverticulitis of both small and large intestine without perforation or abscess with bleeding
K57.81 
(ICD10) Diverticulitis of intestine, part unspecified, with perforation and abscess with bleeding
K57.91 
(ICD10) Diverticulosis of intestine, part unspecified, without perforation or abscess with bleeding
Appendix A

K57.93 
(ICD10) Diverticulitis of intestine, part unspecified, without perforation or abscess with bleeding
K62.5 
(ICD10) Hemorrhage of anus and rectum
K63.1 
(ICD10) Perforation of intestine (nontraumatic)
K63.81 
(ICD10) Dieulafoy lesion of intestine
K66.1 
(ICD10) Hemoperitoneum
K92.0 
(ICD10) Hematemesis
K92.1 
(ICD10) Melena
K92.2 
(ICD10) Gastrointestinal hemorrhage, unspecified
M25.00 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, unspecified joint
M25.011 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, right shoulder
M25.012 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, left shoulder
M25.019 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, unspecified shoulder
M25.021 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, right elbow
M25.022 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, left elbow
M25.029 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, unspecified elbow
M25.031 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, right wrist
M25.032 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, left wrist
M25.039 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, unspecified wrist
M25.041 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, right hand
M25.042 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, left hand
M25.049 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, unspecified hand
M25.051 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, right hip
M25.052 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, left hip
M25.059 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, unspecified hip
M25.061 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, right knee
M25.062 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, left knee
M25.069 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, unspecified knee
M25.071 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, right ankle
M25.072 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, left ankle
M25.073 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, unspecified ankle
M25.074 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, right foot
M25.075 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, left foot
M25.076 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, unspecified foot
M25.08 
(ICD10) Hemarthrosis, other specified site
Appendix A

R58 
(ICD10) Hemorrhage, not elsewhere classified
R04 
(ICD10) Hemorrhage from respiratory passages
R04.0 
(ICD10) Epistaxis
R04.1 
(ICD10) Hemorrhage from throat
R04.2 
(ICD10) Hemoptysis
R04.8 
(ICD10) Hemorrhage from other sites in respiratory passages
R04.81 
(ICD10) Acute idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage in infants
R04.89 
(ICD10) Hemorrhage from other sites in respiratory passages
R04.9 
(ICD10) Hemorrhage from respiratory passages, unspecified
R31 
(ICD10) Hematuria
R31.0 
(ICD10) Gross hematuria
R31.1 
(ICD10) Benign essential microscopic hematuria
R31.2 
(ICD10) Other microscopic hematuria
R31.21
(ICD10) Asymptomatic microscopic hematuria
R31.29
(ICD10) Other microscopic hematuria
R31.9 
(ICD10) Hematuria, unspecified
Px inpatient any position
44.43
(ICD9) ENDOSCOPIC CONTROL OF GASTRIC OR DUODENAL BLEEDING
0W3P8ZZ 
(ICD10) Control Bleeding in Gastrointestinal Tract, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic
43255
(HCPCS) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, flexible, transoral; with control of bleeding, any method / Upper 
gastrointestinal endoscopy including esophagus, stomach, and either the duodenum and/or jejunum as 
appropriate; with control of bleeding, any method
Appendix A

Title
Pregnancy
ICD-9 Dx inpatient any position
650
Normal delivery
660
Obstructed labor
661
Abnormality of forces of labor
662
Long labor
663
Umbilical cord complications during labor and delivery
664
Trauma to perneum and vulva during delivery
665
Other obstetrical trauma
667
Retained placenta or membranes without hemorrhage
668
Complications of the administration of anesthetic or other sedation in labor and delivery
669.94
Unspecified complication of labor and delivery postpartum condition or complication
V24
Postpartum care and examination
V24.0
Postpartum care and examination immediately after delivery
V24.1
Postpartum care and examination of lactating mother
V24.2
Routine postpartum follow
V27
Outcome of delivery
V27.0
Mother with single liveborn
V27.1
Mother with single stillborn
V27.2
Mother with twins both liveborn
V27.3
Mother with twins one liveborn and one stillborn
V27.4
Mother with twins both stillborn
V27.5
Mother with other multiple birth all liveborn
V27.6
Mother with other multiple birth some liveborn
V27.7
Mother with other multiple birth all stillborn
V27.9
Mother with unspecified outcome of delivery
ICD-9 Px inpatient any position
72.0
Low forceps operation
72.1
Low forceps operation with episiotomy
Appendix A

72.2
Mid forceps operation
72.21
Mid forceps operation with episiotomy
72.29
Other mid forceps operation
72.3
High forceps operation
72.31
High forceps operation with episiotomy
72.39
Other high forceps operation
72.4
Forceps rotation of fetal head
72.5
Breech extraction
72.51
Partial breech extraction with forceps to aftercoming head
72.52
Other partial breech extraction
72.53
Total breech extraction with forceps to aftercoming head
72.54
Other total breech extraction
72.6
Forceps application to aftercoming head
72.7
Vacuum extraction
72.71
Vacuum extraction with episiotomy
72.79
Other vacuum extraction
72.8
Other specified instrumental delivery
72.9
Unspecified instrumental delivery
73.0
Artificial rupture of membranes
73.01
Induction of labor by artificial rupture of membranes
73.09
Other artificial rupture of membranes
73.1
Other surgical induction of labor
73.2
Internal and combined version and extraction
73.21
Internal and combined version without extraction
73.22
Internal and combined version with extraction
73.3
Failed forceps
73.4
Medical induction of labor
73.5
Manually assisted delivery
73.51
Manual rotation of fetal head
73.59
Other manually assisted delivery
73.6
Episiotomy
73.8
Operations on fetus to facilitate delivery
Appendix A

73.9
Other operations assisting delivery
73.91
External version assisting delivery
73.92
Replacement of prolapsed umbilical cord
73.93
Incision of cervix to assist delivery
73.94
Pubiotomy to assist delivery
73.99
Other operations assisting delivery
74.0
Classical cesarean section
74.1
Low cervical cesarean section
74.2
Extraperitoneal cesarean section
74.3
Removal of extratubal ectopic pregnancy
74.4
Cesarean section of other specified type
74.9
Cesarean section of unspecified type
74.91
Hysterotomy to terminate pregnancy
74.99
Other cesarean section of unspecified type
75.4
Manual removal of retained placenta
75.5
Repair of current obstetric laceration of uterus
75.6
Repair of other current obstetric laceration
75.7
Manual exploration of uterine cavity, postpartum
75.9
Other obstetric operations
Appendix A

AFTER PS MATCHING
BEFORE PS MATCHING
Optum
MarketScan
Medicare
The c-statistics for the propensity score model, pre-matching was
0.858. The post-matching c-statistic was 0.796
The c-statistics for the propensity score model, pre-matching was
0.692. The post-matching c-statistic was 0.545.
The c-statistics for the propensity score model, pre-matching was
0.749. The post-matching c-statistic was 0.552.
Appendix B

Variable
Referent - enoxaparin 
30 or 40 mg 
Exposure - rivaroxaban 
10 mg 
St. Diff.
Referent - enoxaparin 
30 or 40 mg 
Exposure - rivaroxaban 
10 mg 
St. Diff.
Referent- enoxaparin 
30 or 40 mg 
rivaroxaban 10 
mg 
St. Diff.
Referent- enoxaparin 
30 or 40 mg 
Exposure- rivaroxaban 
10 mg 
St. Diff.
Number of patients
  139 
  10,884 
19,921
  
19,111
  
3,318
  
35,842
  
  23,378 
  65,837 
Age
...mean (sd)
59.07 (10.34)
63.88 (10.73)
-0.46
60.11 (10.24)
60.51 (10.11)
-0.04
71.28 (9.09)
70.86 (8.57)
0.05
61.69 (10.09)
66.70 (9.42)
-0.51
Age categories without zero category
...18 - 54; n (%)
38 (27.3%)
2,010 (18.5%)
0.21
5,174 (26.0%)
4,754 (24.9%)
0.03
189 (5.7%)
1,749 (4.9%)
0.04
5,401 (23.1%)
8513 (12.9%)
0.27
...55 - 64; n (%)
70 (50.4%)
3,480 (32.0%)
0.38
9,296 (46.7%)
9,049 (47.3%)
-0.01
260 (7.8%)
2,506 (7.0%)
0.03
9,626 (41.2%)
15,035 (22.8%)
0.40
...65 - 74; n (%)
21 (15.1%)
3,580 (32.9%)
-0.43
3,699 (18.6%)
3,423 (17.9%)
0.02
1,698 (51.2%)
20,246 (56.5%)
-0.11
5,418 (23.2%)
27,249 (41.4%)
-0.40
...>= 75; n (%)
** (7.2%)
1,814 (16.7%)
-0.30
1,752 (8.8%)
1,885 (9.9%)
-0.04
1,171 (35.3%)
11,341 (31.6%)
0.08
#VALUE!
15,040 (22.8%)
#VALUE!
Gender without zero category- United
...Males; n (%)
56 (40.3%)
4,760 (43.7%)
-0.07
9,459 (47.5%)
9,129 (47.8%)
-0.01
1,332 (40.1%)
13,078 (36.5%)
0.07
10,847 (46.4%)
26,967 (41.0%)
0.11
...Females; n (%)
83 (59.7%)
6,124 (56.3%)
0.07
10,462 (52.5%)
9,982 (52.2%)
0.01
1,986 (59.9%)
22,764 (63.5%)
-0.07
12,531 (53.6%)
38,870 (59.0%)
-0.11
Race 
...White; n (%)
-
-
-
-
3,042 (91.7%)
32,865 (91.7%)
0.00
3,042 (91.7%)
32,865 (91.7%)
0.00
...Black; n (%)
-
-
-
-
204 (6.1%)
1,944 (5.4%)
0.03
204 (6.1%)
1,944 (5.4%)
0.03
...Asian; n (%)
-
-
-
-
7 (0.2%)
125 (0.3%)
-0.02
7 (0.2%)
125 (0.3%)
-0.02
...Hispanic; n (%)
-
-
-
-
14 (0.4%)
194 (0.5%)
-0.01
14 (0.4%)
194 (0.5%)
-0.01
...North American Native; n (%)
-
-
-
-
13 (0.4%)
127 (0.4%)
0.00
13 (0.4%)
127 (0.4%)
0.00
...Other/Unknown; n (%)
-
-
-
-
38 (1.1%)
587 (1.6%)
-0.04
38 (1.1%)
587 (1.6%)
-0.04
Region without zero category- United v3 
(lumping missing&other category with West)
...Northeast; n (%)
15 (10.8%)
764 (7.0%)
0.13
3,721 (18.7%)
2,807 (14.7%)
0.11
595 (17.9%)
4,860 (13.6%)
0.12
4331 (18.5%)
8,431 (12.8%)
0.16
...South; n (%)
41 (29.5%)
4,477 (41.1%)
-0.24
4,974 (25.0%)
6,048 (31.6%)
-0.15
1,288 (38.8%)
14,004 (39.1%)
-0.01
6,303 (27.0%)
24,529 (37.3%)
-0.22
...Midwest; n (%)
57 (41.0%)
3,329 (30.6%)
0.22
7,167 (36.0%)
7,407 (38.8%)
-0.06
845 (25.5%)
11,225 (31.3%)
-0.13
8,069 (34.5%)
21,961 (33.4%)
0.02
...West; n (%)
26 (18.7%)
2,314 (21.3%)
-0.07
3,856 (19.4%)
2,607 (13.6%)
0.16
588 (17.7%)
5,729 (16.0%)
0.05
4,470 (19.1%)
10,650 (16.2%)
0.08
...Unknown+missing; n (%)
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
203 (1.0%)
242 (1.3%)
-0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
203 (1.0%)
242 (1.3%)
-0.03
Metropolitan Statistical Area - Urban (any MSA) 
vs Rural (non-MSA)
0
0
0.00
...Urban; n (%)
-
-
15,704 (78.8%)
14,277 (74.7%)
0.10
-
-
15,704 (78.8%)
14,277 (74.7%)
0.10
...Rural; n (%)
-
-
522 (2.6%)
573 (3.0%)
-0.02
-
-
522 (2.6%)
573 (3.0%)
-0.02
...Unknown/Missing; n (%)
-
-
3,695 (18.5%)
4,261 (22.3%)
-0.09
-
-
3,695 (18.5%)
4,261 (22.3%)
-0.09
Commercial vs Medicare Advantage- Data Type
...1 - Fee For Service; n (%)
-
-
12,420 (62.3%)
12,513 (65.5%)
-0.07
-
-
12,420 (62.3%)
12,513 (65.5%)
-0.07
...2 - Encounter; n (%)
-
-
2,035 (10.2%)
1,222 (6.4%)
0.14
-
-
2,035 (10.2%)
1,222 (6.4%)
0.14
...3 - Medicare; n (%)
-
-
4,495 (22.6%)
4,772 (25.0%)
-0.06
-
-
4,495 (22.6%)
4,772 (25.0%)
-0.06
...4 - Medicare Encounter; n (%)
-
-
971 (4.9%)
604 (3.2%)
0.09
-
-
971 (4.9%)
604 (3.2%)
0.09
CV Covariates
Ischemic heart disease; n (%)
15 (10.8%)
1,346 (12.4%)
-0.05
2,150 (10.8%)
2,063 (10.8%)
0.00
815 (24.6%)
6,934 (19.3%)
0.13
2,980 (12.7%)
10,343 (15.7%)
-0.09
Acute MI; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
43 (0.4%)
-0.09
90 (0.5%)
77 (0.4%)
0.01
21 (0.6%)
198 (0.6%)
0.00
111 (0.5%)
318 (0.5%)
0.00
ACS/unstable angina; n (%)
** (0.7%)
53 (0.5%)
0.03
88 (0.4%)
68 (0.4%)
0.00
25 (0.8%)
194 (0.5%)
0.04
#VALUE!
315 (0.5%)
#VALUE!
Old MI; n (%)
** (2.2%)
328 (3.0%)
-0.05
354 (1.8%)
338 (1.8%)
0.00
198 (6.0%)
1,556 (4.3%)
0.08
#VALUE!
2222 (3.4%)
#VALUE!
Stable angina; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
160 (1.5%)
-0.17
227 (1.1%)
204 (1.1%)
0.00
71 (2.1%)
608 (1.7%)
0.03
298 (1.3%)
972 (1.5%)
-0.02
Coronary atherosclerosis and other forms of 
chronic ischemic heart disease; n (%)
15 (10.8%)
1,222 (11.2%)
-0.01
1,938 (9.7%)
1,858 (9.7%)
0.00
756 (22.8%)
6,427 (17.9%)
0.12
2709 (11.6%)
9,507 (14.4%)
-0.08
Other atherosclerosis with ICD10 v2 Copy; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
62 (0.6%)
-0.11
124 (0.6%)
120 (0.6%)
0.00
31 (0.9%)
361 (1.0%)
-0.01
155 (0.7%)
543 (0.8%)
-0.01
Previous cardiac procedure (CABG or PTCA or 
Stent) v4; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
10 (0.1%)
-0.04
14 (0.1%)
9 (0.0%)
0.04
7 (0.2%)
57 (0.2%)
0.00
21 (0.1%)
76 (0.1%)
0.00
History of CABG or PTCA; n (%)
** (2.2%)
441 (4.1%)
-0.11
397 (2.0%)
400 (2.1%)
-0.01
329 (9.9%)
2,757 (7.7%)
0.08
#VALUE!
3,598 (5.5%)
#VALUE!
Any stroke; n (%)
** (3.6%)
326 (3.0%)
0.03
452 (2.3%)
445 (2.3%)
0.00
152 (4.6%)
1,560 (4.4%)
0.01
#VALUE!
2,331 (3.5%)
#VALUE!
Ischemic stroke (w and w/o mention of cerebral 
infarction); n (%)
** (3.6%)
324 (3.0%)
0.03
447 (2.2%)
442 (2.3%)
-0.01
152 (4.6%)
1,558 (4.3%)
0.01
#VALUE!
2,324 (3.5%)
#VALUE!
Hemorrhagic stroke; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
5 (0.0%)
4 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
3 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
005 (0.0%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
TIA; n (%)
** (0.7%)
88 (0.8%)
-0.01
124 (0.6%)
122 (0.6%)
0.00
36 (1.1%)
300 (0.8%)
0.03
#VALUE!
510 (0.8%)
#VALUE!
Other cerebrovascular disease; n (%)
** (0.7%)
89 (0.8%)
-0.01
103 (0.5%)
90 (0.5%)
0.00
29 (0.9%)
321 (0.9%)
0.00
#VALUE!
500 (0.8%)
#VALUE!
Cerebrovascular procedure; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
7 (0.0%)
4 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
2 (0.1%)
32 (0.1%)
0.00
009 (0.0%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Heart failure (CHF); n (%)
** (1.4%)
107 (1.0%)
0.04
109 (0.5%)
114 (0.6%)
-0.01
103 (3.1%)
567 (1.6%)
0.10
#VALUE!
788 (1.2%)
#VALUE!
Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) or PVD Surgery 
v2; n (%)
** (4.3%)
403 (3.7%)
0.03
441 (2.2%)
462 (2.4%)
-0.01
209 (6.3%)
1,746 (4.9%)
0.06
#VALUE!
2,611 (4.0%)
#VALUE!
Atrial fibrillation; n (%)
** (1.4%)
437 (4.0%)
-0.16
560 (2.8%)
579 (3.0%)
-0.01
682 (20.6%)
2,083 (5.8%)
0.45
#VALUE!
3,099 (4.7%)
#VALUE!
Other cardiac dysrhythmia; n (%)
21 (15.1%)
1,304 (12.0%)
0.09
1,906 (9.6%)
1,869 (9.8%)
-0.01
812 (24.5%)
4,816 (13.4%)
0.29
2,739 (11.7%)
7,989 (12.1%)
-0.01
Cardiac conduction disorders; n (%)
** (2.9%)
488 (4.5%)
-0.08
654 (3.3%)
608 (3.2%)
0.01
251 (7.6%)
1,982 (5.5%)
0.08
#VALUE!
3078 (4.7%)
#VALUE!
Other CVD; n (%)
13 (9.4%)
1,015 (9.3%)
0.00
1,551 (7.8%)
1,443 (7.6%)
0.01
560 (16.9%)
4,172 (11.6%)
0.15
2,124 (9.1%)
6,630 (10.1%)
-0.03
Unmatched
Optum
MarketScan
Medicare
POOLED
Appendix B

Diabetes-related complications
Occurrence of Diabetic Neuropathy v2 Copy; n (%)
** (1.4%)
299 (2.7%)
-0.09
331 (1.7%)
301 (1.6%)
0.01
109 (3.3%)
991 (2.8%)
0.03
#VALUE!
1591 (2.4%)
#VALUE!
Occurrence of diabetic nephropathy V3 with 
ICD10 Copy; n (%)
** (0.7%)
204 (1.9%)
-0.11
184 (0.9%)
123 (0.6%)
0.03
53 (1.6%)
404 (1.1%)
0.04
#VALUE!
731 (1.1%)
#VALUE!
Hypoglycemia v2; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
49 (0.5%)
-0.10
126 (0.6%)
91 (0.5%)
0.01
49 (1.5%)
398 (1.1%)
0.04
175 (0.7%)
538 (0.8%)
-0.01
Hyperglycemia; n (%)
12 (8.6%)
727 (6.7%)
0.07
846 (4.2%)
763 (4.0%)
0.01
283 (8.5%)
2,584 (7.2%)
0.05
1141 (4.9%)
4074 (6.2%)
-0.06
Diabetic ketoacidosis; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.1%)
-0.04
15 (0.1%)
8 (0.0%)
0.04
2 (0.1%)
24 (0.1%)
0.00
017 (0.1%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Hypertension: 1 inpatient or 2 outpatient claims 
within 365 days; n (%)
80 (57.6%)
7,019 (64.5%)
-0.14
11,425 (57.4%)
11,326 (59.3%)
-0.04
2,697 (81.3%)
27,636 (77.1%)
0.10
14,202 (60.7%)
45,981 (69.8%)
-0.19
Hyperlipidemia v2; n (%)
65 (46.8%)
6,037 (55.5%)
-0.17
8,975 (45.1%)
8,800 (46.0%)
-0.02
2,020 (60.9%)
22,035 (61.5%)
-0.01
11,060 (47.3%)
36,872 (56.0%)
-0.17
Edema; n (%)
** (5.0%)
514 (4.7%)
0.01
567 (2.8%)
558 (2.9%)
-0.01
200 (6.0%)
1,340 (3.7%)
0.11
#VALUE!
2412 (3.7%)
#VALUE!
Renal Dysfunction  (non-diabetic) v2; n (%)
14 (10.1%)
1,218 (11.2%)
-0.04
1,436 (7.2%)
1,210 (6.3%)
0.04
545 (16.4%)
3,863 (10.8%)
0.16
1,995 (8.5%)
6,291 (9.6%)
-0.04
Occurrence of acute renal disease v2; n (%)
** (3.6%)
246 (2.3%)
0.08
374 (1.9%)
299 (1.6%)
0.02
154 (4.6%)
927 (2.6%)
0.11
#VALUE!
1472 (2.2%)
#VALUE!
Occurrence of chronic renal insufficiency; n (%)
** (5.0%)
764 (7.0%)
-0.08
811 (4.1%)
609 (3.2%)
0.05
367 (11.1%)
2,446 (6.8%)
0.15
#VALUE!
3,819 (5.8%)
#VALUE!
Chronic kidney disease v2; n (%)
** (4.3%)
736 (6.8%)
-0.11
781 (3.9%)
582 (3.0%)
0.05
358 (10.8%)
2,335 (6.5%)
0.15
#VALUE!
3,653 (5.5%)
#VALUE!
CKD Stage 3-4; n (%)
** (3.6%)
459 (4.2%)
-0.03
461 (2.3%)
299 (1.6%)
0.05
230 (6.9%)
1,317 (3.7%)
0.14
#VALUE!
2,075 (3.2%)
#VALUE!
Occurrence of hypertensive nephropathy; n (%)
** (5.0%)
491 (4.5%)
0.02
496 (2.5%)
351 (1.8%)
0.05
282 (8.5%)
1,779 (5.0%)
0.14
#VALUE!
2,621 (4.0%)
#VALUE!
Occurrence of miscellaneous renal insufficiency 
v2; n (%)
** (4.3%)
457 (4.2%)
0.00
493 (2.5%)
468 (2.4%)
0.01
155 (4.7%)
1,371 (3.8%)
0.04
#VALUE!
2,296 (3.5%)
#VALUE!
Other Covariates
Liver disease; n (%)
** (0.7%)
187 (1.7%)
-0.09
252 (1.3%)
228 (1.2%)
0.01
64 (1.9%)
518 (1.4%)
0.04
#VALUE!
933 (1.4%)
#VALUE!
Osteoarthritis; n (%)
134 (96.4%)
10,669 (98.0%)
-0.10
19,329 (97.0%)
18,746 (98.1%)
-0.07
3,172 (95.6%)
34,972 (97.6%)
-0.11
22635 (96.8%)
64387 (97.8%)
-0.06
Other arthritis, arthropathies and musculoskeletal 
pain; n (%)
130 (93.5%)
9,890 (90.9%)
0.10
17,212 (86.4%)
16,823 (88.0%)
-0.05
2,941 (88.6%)
31,128 (86.8%)
0.05
20283 (86.8%)
57841 (87.9%)
-0.03
Dorsopathies; n (%)
60 (43.2%)
4,652 (42.7%)
0.01
7,491 (37.6%)
7,564 (39.6%)
-0.04
1,500 (45.2%)
15,155 (42.3%)
0.06
9051 (38.7%)
27371 (41.6%)
-0.06
Fractures; n (%)
13 (9.4%)
831 (7.6%)
0.06
1,625 (8.2%)
1,248 (6.5%)
0.07
496 (14.9%)
3,348 (9.3%)
0.17
2134 (9.1%)
5427 (8.2%)
0.03
Falls v2; n (%)
** (4.3%)
554 (5.1%)
-0.04
416 (2.1%)
306 (1.6%)
0.04
90 (2.7%)
563 (1.6%)
0.08
#VALUE!
1423 (2.2%)
#VALUE!
Osteoporosis; n (%)
** (6.5%)
1,064 (9.8%)
-0.12
1,222 (6.1%)
1,201 (6.3%)
-0.01
488 (14.7%)
4,845 (13.5%)
0.03
#VALUE!
7110 (10.8%)
#VALUE!
Depression; n (%)
35 (25.2%)
1,873 (17.2%)
0.20
2,694 (13.5%)
2,426 (12.7%)
0.02
616 (18.6%)
6,160 (17.2%)
0.04
3345 (14.3%)
10459 (15.9%)
-0.04
Anxiety; n (%)
32 (23.0%)
1,808 (16.6%)
0.16
2,198 (11.0%)
2,180 (11.4%)
-0.01
605 (18.2%)
5,418 (15.1%)
0.08
2835 (12.1%)
9406 (14.3%)
-0.07
Sleep_Disorder; n (%)
** (7.2%)
1,206 (11.1%)
-0.14
2,331 (11.7%)
2,254 (11.8%)
0.00
292 (8.8%)
3,878 (10.8%)
-0.07
#VALUE!
7338 (11.1%)
#VALUE!
Dementia; n (%)
** (1.4%)
159 (1.5%)
-0.01
165 (0.8%)
162 (0.8%)
0.00
106 (3.2%)
866 (2.4%)
0.05
#VALUE!
1187 (1.8%)
#VALUE!
Delirium; n (%)
** (0.7%)
112 (1.0%)
-0.03
142 (0.7%)
125 (0.7%)
0.00
75 (2.3%)
501 (1.4%)
0.07
#VALUE!
738 (1.1%)
#VALUE!
Psychosis; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
62 (0.6%)
-0.11
80 (0.4%)
76 (0.4%)
0.00
50 (1.5%)
482 (1.3%)
0.02
130 (0.6%)
620 (0.9%)
-0.03
Obesity; n (%)
50 (36.0%)
2,913 (26.8%)
0.20
4,426 (22.2%)
4,230 (22.1%)
0.00
811 (24.4%)
7,621 (21.3%)
0.07
5287 (22.6%)
14764 (22.4%)
0.00
Overweight; n (%)
** (5.8%)
646 (5.9%)
0.00
576 (2.9%)
579 (3.0%)
-0.01
184 (5.5%)
1,628 (4.5%)
0.05
#VALUE!
2853 (4.3%)
#VALUE!
Smoking; n (%)
50 (36.0%)
3,407 (31.3%)
0.10
3,476 (17.4%)
3,375 (17.7%)
-0.01
1,265 (38.1%)
12,192 (34.0%)
0.09
4791 (20.5%)
18974 (28.8%)
-0.19
Alcohol abuse or dependence; n (%)
** (6.5%)
278 (2.6%)
0.19
387 (1.9%)
324 (1.7%)
0.02
52 (1.6%)
351 (1.0%)
0.05
#VALUE!
953 (1.4%)
#VALUE!
Drug abuse or dependence; n (%)
** (5.0%)
271 (2.5%)
0.13
325 (1.6%)
254 (1.3%)
0.03
112 (3.4%)
430 (1.2%)
0.15
#VALUE!
955 (1.5%)
#VALUE!
COPD; n (%)
16 (11.5%)
1,084 (10.0%)
0.05
1,213 (6.1%)
1,262 (6.6%)
-0.02
491 (14.8%)
4,398 (12.3%)
0.07
1720 (7.4%)
6744 (10.2%)
-0.10
Asthma; n (%)
20 (14.4%)
1,136 (10.4%)
0.12
1,653 (8.3%)
1,537 (8.0%)
0.01
418 (12.6%)
3,756 (10.5%)
0.07
2091 (8.9%)
6429 (9.8%)
-0.03
Obstructive sleep apnea; n (%)
19 (13.7%)
1,275 (11.7%)
0.06
2,004 (10.1%)
2,001 (10.5%)
-0.01
401 (12.1%)
3,279 (9.1%)
0.10
2424 (10.4%)
6555 (10.0%)
0.01
Pneumonia; n (%)
** (1.4%)
191 (1.8%)
-0.03
268 (1.3%)
252 (1.3%)
0.00
109 (3.3%)
690 (1.9%)
0.09
#VALUE!
1133 (1.7%)
#VALUE!
Other Medications
Use of ACE inhibitors; n (%)
32 (23.0%)
2,596 (23.9%)
-0.02
4,387 (22.0%)
4,419 (23.1%)
-0.03
929 (28.0%)
10,210 (28.5%)
-0.01
5348 (22.9%)
17225 (26.2%)
-0.08
Use of ARBs; n (%)
20 (14.4%)
1,781 (16.4%)
-0.06
3,111 (15.6%)
3,105 (16.2%)
-0.02
665 (20.0%)
6,843 (19.1%)
0.02
3796 (16.2%)
11729 (17.8%)
-0.04
Use of Loop Diuretics - United; n (%)
** (3.6%)
425 (3.9%)
-0.02
710 (3.6%)
686 (3.6%)
0.00
352 (10.6%)
2,466 (6.9%)
0.13
#VALUE!
3577 (5.4%)
#VALUE!
Use of other diuretics- United; n (%)
** (1.4%)
113 (1.0%)
0.04
216 (1.1%)
192 (1.0%)
0.01
89 (2.7%)
536 (1.5%)
0.08
#VALUE!
841 (1.3%)
#VALUE!
Use of nitrates-United; n (%)
** (0.7%)
157 (1.4%)
-0.07
292 (1.5%)
227 (1.2%)
0.03
120 (3.6%)
970 (2.7%)
0.05
#VALUE!
1354 (2.1%)
#VALUE!
Use of other hypertension drugs; n (%)
** (0.7%)
344 (3.2%)
-0.18
571 (2.9%)
486 (2.5%)
0.02
186 (5.6%)
1,624 (4.5%)
0.05
#VALUE!
2454 (3.7%)
#VALUE!
Use of Anti-arrhythmics; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
69 (0.6%)
-0.11
131 (0.7%)
121 (0.6%)
0.01
142 (4.3%)
400 (1.1%)
0.20
273 (1.2%)
590 (0.9%)
0.03
Use of COPD/asthma meds- United; n (%)
15 (10.8%)
1,446 (13.3%)
-0.08
2,740 (13.8%)
2,573 (13.5%)
0.01
651 (19.6%)
5,973 (16.7%)
0.08
3406 (14.6%)
9992 (15.2%)
-0.02
Use of statins; n (%)
33 (23.7%)
3,971 (36.5%)
-0.28
6,536 (32.8%)
6,413 (33.6%)
-0.02
1,512 (45.6%)
16,255 (45.4%)
0.00
8081 (34.6%)
26639 (40.5%)
-0.12
Use of other lipid-lowering drugs; n (%)
** (4.3%)
545 (5.0%)
-0.03
1,161 (5.8%)
1,168 (6.1%)
-0.01
232 (7.0%)
2,427 (6.8%)
0.01
#VALUE!
4140 (6.3%)
#VALUE!
Use of antiplatelet agents; n (%)
15 (10.8%)
489 (4.5%)
0.24
1,348 (6.8%)
864 (4.5%)
0.10
247 (7.4%)
2,223 (6.2%)
0.05
1610 (6.9%)
3576 (5.4%)
0.06
Use of heparin and other low-molecular weight 
heparins ; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
2 (0.0%)
2 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
21 (0.6%)
35 (0.1%)
0.08
23 (0.1%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Use of NSAIDs; n (%)
58 (41.7%)
4,197 (38.6%)
0.06
8,013 (40.2%)
7,707 (40.3%)
0.00
1,135 (34.2%)
13,126 (36.6%)
-0.05
9206 (39.4%)
25030 (38.0%)
0.03
Use of opioids- United; n (%)
81 (58.3%)
9,462 (86.9%)
-0.68
17,760 (89.2%)
16,956 (88.7%)
0.02
2,874 (86.6%)
30,567 (85.3%)
0.04
20715 (88.6%)
56985 (86.6%)
0.06
Use of antidepressants; n (%)
42 (30.2%)
2,756 (25.3%)
0.11
4,750 (23.8%)
4,608 (24.1%)
-0.01
1,035 (31.2%)
9,939 (27.7%)
0.08
5827 (24.9%)
17303 (26.3%)
-0.03
Use of antipsychotics; n (%)
** (1.4%)
186 (1.7%)
-0.02
333 (1.7%)
311 (1.6%)
0.01
135 (4.1%)
1,030 (2.9%)
0.07
#VALUE!
1527 (2.3%)
#VALUE!
Labs
  20,060 
  29,995 
Lab values- HbA1c (%) v3; n (%)
12 (8.6%)
1,307 (12.0%)
-0.11
250 (1.3%)
151 (0.8%)
0.05
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
262 (1.3%)
1,458 (4.9%)
-0.21
Appendix B

Lab values- HbA1c (%) (within 3 months) v3; n (%)
** (5.8%)
859 (7.9%)
-0.08
169 (0.8%)
96 (0.5%)
0.04
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
955 (3.2%)
#VALUE!
Lab values- HbA1c (%) (within 6 months) v3; n (%)
12 (8.6%)
1,307 (12.0%)
-0.11
250 (1.3%)
151 (0.8%)
0.05
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
262 (1.3%)
1,458 (4.9%)
-0.21
Lab values- BNP; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
20 (0.2%)
-0.06
2 (0.0%)
3 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
002 (0.0%)
023 (0.1%)
-0.04
Lab values- BNP (within 3 months); n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.1%)
-0.04
2 (0.0%)
1 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
002 (0.0%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Lab values- BNP (within 6 months); n (%)
0 (0.0%)
20 (0.2%)
-0.06
2 (0.0%)
3 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
002 (0.0%)
023 (0.1%)
-0.04
Lab values- BUN (mg/dl); n (%)
28 (20.1%)
3,470 (31.9%)
-0.27
234 (1.2%)
214 (1.1%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
262 (1.3%)
3,684 (12.3%)
-0.45
Lab values- BUN (mg/dl) (within 3 months); n (%)
21 (15.1%)
2,788 (25.6%)
-0.26
190 (1.0%)
165 (0.9%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
211 (1.1%)
2,953 (9.8%)
-0.39
Lab values- BUN (mg/dl) (within 6 months); n (%)
28 (20.1%)
3,470 (31.9%)
-0.27
234 (1.2%)
214 (1.1%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
262 (1.3%)
3,684 (12.3%)
-0.45
Lab values- Creatinine (mg/dl) v2; n (%)
30 (21.6%)
3,543 (32.6%)
-0.25
241 (1.2%)
222 (1.2%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
271 (1.4%)
3,765 (12.6%)
-0.45
Lab values- Creatinine (mg/dl) (within 3 months) 
v2; n (%)
22 (15.8%)
2,851 (26.2%)
-0.26
197 (1.0%)
171 (0.9%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
219 (1.1%)
3,022 (10.1%)
-0.40
Lab values- Creatinine (mg/dl) (within 6 months) 
v2; n (%)
30 (21.6%)
3,543 (32.6%)
-0.25
241 (1.2%)
222 (1.2%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
271 (1.4%)
3,765 (12.6%)
-0.45
Lab values- HDL level (mg/dl); n (%)
23 (16.5%)
2,029 (18.6%)
-0.06
217 (1.1%)
162 (0.8%)
0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
240 (1.2%)
2,191 (7.3%)
-0.31
Lab values- HDL level (mg/dl) (within 3 months); n 
(%)
17 (12.2%)
1,178 (10.8%)
0.04
118 (0.6%)
93 (0.5%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
135 (0.7%)
1,271 (4.2%)
-0.23
Lab values- HDL level (mg/dl) (within 6 months); n 
(%)
23 (16.5%)
2,029 (18.6%)
-0.06
217 (1.1%)
162 (0.8%)
0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
240 (1.2%)
2,191 (7.3%)
-0.31
Lab values- LDL level (mg/dl) v2; n (%)
22 (15.8%)
2,073 (19.0%)
-0.08
237 (1.2%)
161 (0.8%)
0.04
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
259 (1.3%)
2,234 (7.4%)
-0.30
Lab values- LDL level (mg/dl) (within 3 months) 
v2; n (%)
16 (11.5%)
1,204 (11.1%)
0.01
131 (0.7%)
93 (0.5%)
0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
147 (0.7%)
1,297 (4.3%)
-0.23
Lab values- LDL level (mg/dl) (within 6 months) 
v2; n (%)
22 (15.8%)
2,073 (19.0%)
-0.08
237 (1.2%)
161 (0.8%)
0.04
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
259 (1.3%)
2,234 (7.4%)
-0.30
Lab values- NT-proBNP; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.1%)
-0.04
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
00 (0.0%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Lab values- NT-proBNP (within 3 months); n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
00 (0.0%)
#VALUE!
-
Lab values- NT-proBNP (within 6 months); n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.1%)
-0.04
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
00 (0.0%)
#VALUE!
-
Lab values- Total cholesterol (mg/dl) v2; n (%)
23 (16.5%)
2,070 (19.0%)
-0.07
215 (1.1%)
162 (0.8%)
0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
238 (1.2%)
2,232 (7.4%)
-0.31
Lab values- Total cholesterol (mg/dl) (within 3 
months) v2; n (%)
17 (12.2%)
1,207 (11.1%)
0.03
116 (0.6%)
93 (0.5%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
133 (0.7%)
1,300 (4.3%)
-0.23
Lab values- Total cholesterol (mg/dl) (within 6 
months) v2; n (%)
23 (16.5%)
2,070 (19.0%)
-0.07
215 (1.1%)
162 (0.8%)
0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
238 (1.2%)
2,232 (7.4%)
-0.31
Lab values- Triglyceride level (mg/dl); n (%)
23 (16.5%)
2,052 (18.9%)
-0.06
211 (1.1%)
156 (0.8%)
0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
234 (1.2%)
2,208 (7.4%)
-0.31
Lab values- Triglyceride level (mg/dl) (within 3 
months); n (%)
17 (12.2%)
1,198 (11.0%)
0.04
114 (0.6%)
88 (0.5%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
131 (0.7%)
1,286 (4.3%)
-0.23
Lab values- Triglyceride level (mg/dl) (within 6 
months); n (%)
23 (16.5%)
2,052 (18.9%)
-0.06
211 (1.1%)
156 (0.8%)
0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
234 (1.2%)
2,208 (7.4%)
-0.31
Lab result number- HbA1c (%) mean (only 2 to 20 
included) v4
12
   
1,304
   
194
   
140
   
N/A
N/A
  206 
  1,444 
...mean (sd)
5.72 (0.62)
6.12 (0.96)
-0.49
6.79 (1.45)
6.49 (1.20)
0.23
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
6.73 (1.42)
6.16 (0.99)
0.47
...Missing; n (%)
127 (91.4%)
9,580 (88.0%)
0.11
19,727 (99.0%)
18,971 (99.3%)
-0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
19,854 (99.0%)
28,551 (95.2%)
0.23
Lab result number- BNP mean v2
-  
20
  
2
  
3
  
N/A
N/A
  2 
  23 
...mean (sd)
- (-)
49.77 (32.33)
#VALUE!
102.50 (89.80)
38.03 (27.78)
0.97
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
48.24 (32.71)
#VALUE!
...Missing; n (%)
139 (100.0%)
10,864 (99.8%)
0.06
19,919 (100.0%)
19,108 (100.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
20,058 (100.0%)
29,972 (99.9%)
0.04
Lab result number- BUN (mg/dl) mean v2
  28 
  3,470 
  234 
  214 
N/A
N/A
  262 
  3,684 
...mean (sd)
14.89 (5.35)
16.95 (5.50)
-0.38
16.87 (6.16)
17.62 (7.31)
-0.11
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
16.66 (6.09)
16.99 (5.62)
-0.06
...Missing; n (%)
111 (79.9%)
7,414 (68.1%)
0.27
19,687 (98.8%)
18,897 (98.9%)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
19,798 (98.7%)
26,311 (87.7%)
0.45
Lab result number- Creatinine (mg/dl) mean (only 
0.1 to 15 included) v3
  30 
  3,523 
  232 
  209 
N/A
N/A
  262 
  3,732 
...mean (sd)
0.80 (0.18)
0.90 (0.23)
-0.48
0.91 (0.25)
0.94 (0.27)
-0.12
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
0.90 (0.24)
0.90 (0.23)
0.00
...Missing; n (%)
109 (78.4%)
7,361 (67.6%)
0.25
19,689 (98.8%)
18,902 (98.9%)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
19,798 (98.7%)
26,263 (87.6%)
0.45
Lab result number- HDL level (mg/dl) mean (only 
=<5000 included) v2
  23 
  2,029 
  217 
  162 
N/A
N/A
  240 
  2,191 
...mean (sd)
55.54 (14.15)
56.38 (17.14)
-0.05
50.15 (18.06)
51.63 (19.80)
-0.08
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
50.67 (17.77)
56.03 (17.35)
-0.31
...Missing; n (%)
116 (83.5%)
8,855 (81.4%)
0.06
19,704 (98.9%)
18,949 (99.2%)
-0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
19,820 (98.8%)
27,804 (92.7%)
0.31
Lab result number- LDL level (mg/dl) mean (only 
=<5000 included) v2
  22 
  2,058 
  217 
  152 
N/A
N/A
  239 
  2,210 
...mean (sd)
110.18 (29.39)
101.97 (36.21)
0.25
94.81 (43.44)
94.78 (40.78)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
96.22 (42.47)
101.48 (36.55)
-0.13
Appendix B

...Missing; n (%)
117 (84.2%)
8,826 (81.1%)
0.08
19,704 (98.9%)
18,959 (99.2%)
-0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
19,821 (98.8%)
27,785 (92.6%)
0.31
Lab result number- Total cholesterol (mg/dl) 
mean (only =<5000 included) v2
  23 
  2,070 
  215 
  162 
N/A
N/A
  238 
  2,232 
...mean (sd)
192.88 (32.76)
186.35 (41.87)
0.17
174.53 (53.02)
177.81 (51.65)
-0.06
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
176.30 (51.58)
185.73 (42.66)
-0.20
...Missing; n (%)
116 (83.5%)
8,814 (81.0%)
0.07
19,706 (98.9%)
18,949 (99.2%)
-0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
19,822 (98.8%)
27,763 (92.6%)
0.31
Lab result number- Triglyceride level (mg/dl) 
mean (only =<5000 included) v2
  23 
  2,052 
  211 
  156 
N/A
N/A
  234 
  2,208 
...mean (sd)
132.00 (54.92)
135.93 (106.35)
-0.05
146.81 (90.14)
146.64 (91.58)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
145.35 (87.60)
136.69 (105.40)
0.09
...Missing; n (%)
116 (83.5%)
8,832 (81.1%)
0.06
19,710 (98.9%)
18,955 (99.2%)
-0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
19,826 (98.8%)
27,787 (92.6%)
0.31
Lab result number- Hemoglobin mean (only >0 
included)
  29 
  3,101 
  192 
  177 
N/A
N/A
  221 
  3,278 
...mean (sd)
14.05 (1.15)
13.77 (1.55)
0.21
13.16 (2.67)
13.10 (2.88)
0.02
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
13.28 (2.53)
13.73 (1.65)
-0.21
...Missing; n (%)
110 (79.1%)
7,783 (71.5%)
0.18
19,729 (99.0%)
18,934 (99.1%)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
19,839 (98.9%)
26,717 (89.1%)
0.42
Lab result number- Serum sodium mean (only > 
90 and < 190 included)
  30 
  3,425 
  215 
  198 
N/A
N/A
  245 
  3,623 
...mean (sd)
140.78 (2.27)
140.11 (2.68)
0.27
139.71 (2.37)
139.63 (2.23)
0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
139.84 (2.36)
140.08 (2.66)
-0.10
...Missing; n (%)
109 (78.4%)
7,459 (68.5%)
0.23
19,706 (98.9%)
18,913 (99.0%)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
19,815 (98.8%)
26,372 (87.9%)
0.45
Lab result number- Albumin mean (only >0 and 
<=10 included)
  29 
  2,981 
  176 
  170 
N/A
N/A
  205 
  3,151 
...mean (sd)
4.24 (0.39)
4.30 (0.31)
-0.17
4.23 (0.63)
4.20 (0.85)
0.04
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
4.23 (0.60)
4.29 (0.36)
-0.12
...Missing; n (%)
110 (79.1%)
7,903 (72.6%)
0.15
19,745 (99.1%)
18,941 (99.1%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
19,855 (99.0%)
26,844 (89.5%)
0.42
Lab result number- Glucose (fasting or random) 
mean (only 10-1000 included)
  30 
  3,396 
  221 
  183 
N/A
N/A
  251 
  3,579 
...mean (sd)
101.12 (30.85)
101.93 (27.56)
-0.03
119.26 (38.81)
116.28 (35.17)
0.08
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
117.09 (38.05)
102.66 (28.00)
0.43
...Missing; n (%)
109 (78.4%)
7,488 (68.8%)
0.22
19,700 (98.9%)
18,928 (99.0%)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
19,809 (98.7%)
26,416 (88.1%)
0.44
Lab result number- Potassium mean (only 1-7 
included)
  30 
  3,537 
  225 
  199 
N/A
N/A
  255 
  3,736 
...mean (sd)
4.37 (0.32)
4.37 (0.39)
0.00
4.36 (0.37)
4.37 (0.43)
-0.02
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
4.36 (0.37)
4.37 (0.39)
-0.03
...Missing; n (%)
109 (78.4%)
7,347 (67.5%)
0.25
19,696 (98.9%)
18,912 (99.0%)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
19,805 (98.7%)
26,259 (87.5%)
0.45
Comorbidity Scores
Combined comorbidity score, 365 days Copy
...mean (sd)
1.09 (1.86)
0.95 (1.77)
0.08
0.56 (1.51)
0.49 (1.46)
0.05
1.72 (2.27)
0.97 (1.79)
0.37
0.73 (1.64)
0.83 (1.70)
-0.06
Non-Frailty; n (%)
79 (56.8%)
5,863 (53.9%)
0.06
9,606 (48.2%)
9,464 (49.5%)
-0.03
88 (2.7%)
778 (2.2%)
0.03
9,773 (41.8%)
16,105 (24.5%)
0.37
Frailty Score (mean): Empirical Version 365 days, 
v2
...mean (sd)
0.17 (0.05)
0.17 (0.05)
0.00
0.16 (0.04)
0.16 (0.04)
0.00
0.19 (0.06)
0.18 (0.05)
0.18
0.16 (0.04)
0.17 (0.05)
-0.22
Healthcare Utilization
Any hospitalization; n (%)
138 (99.3%)
10,882 (100.0%)
-0.12
19,921 (100.0%)
19,111 (100.0%)
#DIV/0!
3,318 (100.0%)
35,840 (100.0%)
#DIV/0!
23,377 (100.0%)
65,833 (100.0%)
#DIV/0!
Any hospitalization within prior 30 days; n (%)
137 (98.6%)
10,834 (99.5%)
-0.09
19,909 (99.9%)
19,083 (99.9%)
0.00
3,306 (99.6%)
35,537 (99.1%)
0.06
23352 (99.9%)
65454 (99.4%)
0.08
Any hospitalization during prior 31-180 days; n 
(%)
** (5.8%)
532 (4.9%)
0.04
726 (3.6%)
672 (3.5%)
0.01
342 (10.3%)
2,410 (6.7%)
0.13
#VALUE!
3614 (5.5%)
#VALUE!
Internal medicine/family medicine visits; n (%)
106 (76.3%)
8,987 (82.6%)
-0.16
15,983 (80.2%)
16,324 (85.4%)
-0.14
3,041 (91.7%)
33,013 (92.1%)
-0.01
19130 (81.8%)
58324 (88.6%)
-0.19
Internal medicine/family medicine visits (30 days 
prior) v2; n (%)
90 (64.7%)
7,463 (68.6%)
-0.08
12,184 (61.2%)
12,416 (65.0%)
-0.08
2,641 (79.6%)
28,843 (80.5%)
-0.02
14915 (63.8%)
48722 (74.0%)
-0.22
Internal medicine/family medicine visits (31 to 
180 days prior) v2; n (%)
61 (43.9%)
6,975 (64.1%)
-0.41
13,299 (66.8%)
13,646 (71.4%)
-0.10
2,466 (74.3%)
26,111 (72.9%)
0.03
15826 (67.7%)
46732 (71.0%)
-0.07
Cardiologist visit; n (%)
76 (54.7%)
4,595 (42.2%)
0.25
6,746 (33.9%)
6,902 (36.1%)
-0.05
2,027 (61.1%)
18,680 (52.1%)
0.18
8849 (37.9%)
30177 (45.8%)
-0.16
Number of Cardiologist visits (30 days prior); n 
(%)
61 (43.9%)
3,394 (31.2%)
0.26
5,022 (25.2%)
5,119 (26.8%)
-0.04
1,425 (42.9%)
13,200 (36.8%)
0.12
6508 (27.8%)
21713 (33.0%)
-0.11
Number of Cardiologist visits (31 to 180 days 
prior); n (%)
24 (17.3%)
1,981 (18.2%)
-0.02
2,723 (13.7%)
2,775 (14.5%)
-0.02
1,185 (35.7%)
9,490 (26.5%)
0.20
3932 (16.8%)
14246 (21.6%)
-0.12
Electrocardiogram v2; n (%)
108 (77.7%)
8,919 (81.9%)
-0.10
14,942 (75.0%)
15,119 (79.1%)
-0.10
2,883 (86.9%)
31,257 (87.2%)
-0.01
17933 (76.7%)
55295 (84.0%)
-0.18
Use of glucose test strips; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
45 (0.4%)
-0.09
112 (0.6%)
99 (0.5%)
0.01
23 (0.7%)
222 (0.6%)
0.01
135 (0.6%)
366 (0.6%)
0.00
Dialysis; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
1 (0.0%)
1 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
1 (0.0%)
4 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
2 (0.0%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
number of different/distinct medication 
prescriptions
...mean (sd)
7.42 (5.11)
8.68 (4.52)
-0.26
8.60 (4.53)
8.52 (4.52)
0.02
10.47 (4.98)
9.29 (4.51)
0.25
8.86 (4.60)
8.97 (4.51)
0.00
Number of Hospitalizations
...mean (sd)
1.09 (0.33)
1.07 (0.29)
0.06
1.06 (0.29)
1.06 (0.27)
0.00
1.22 (0.58)
1.14 (0.42)
0.16
1.08 (0.35)
1.11 (0.36)
0.00
Number of hospital days
...mean (sd)
2.18 (2.41)
3.70 (3.32)
-0.52
3.56 (2.24)
3.52 (2.41)
0.02
4.99 (4.62)
4.87 (4.37)
0.03
3.75 (2.71)
4.28 (3.73)
0.00
Number of Emergency Department (ED) visits v3
...mean (sd)
0.55 (1.38)
0.32 (1.00)
0.19
0.17 (1.24)
0.11 (0.90)
0.06
0.76 (2.00)
0.46 (1.44)
0.17
0.26 (1.37)
0.34 (1.24)
0.00
Number of Office visits
...mean (sd)
7.66 (8.00)
6.58 (3.94)
0.17
6.52 (4.13)
6.40 (4.00)
0.03
16.89 (13.03)
15.60 (11.79)
0.10
8.00 (6.25)
11.44 (9.10)
0.00
Appendix B

Number of internal medicine/family medicine 
visits
...mean (sd)
4.01 (6.39)
7.87 (10.96)
-0.43
5.92 (8.06)
6.47 (8.68)
-0.07
9.46 (10.07)
8.96 (9.05)
0.05
6.41 (8.37)
8.06 (9.29)
0.00
Number of Cardiologist visits
...mean (sd)
1.64 (3.03)
1.28 (2.64)
0.13
0.93 (2.16)
0.99 (2.35)
-0.03
2.52 (4.15)
1.95 (3.70)
0.14
1.16 (2.54)
1.56 (3.20)
0.00
Number electrocardiograms received v2
...mean (sd)
1.55 (1.37)
1.35 (1.15)
0.16
1.15 (1.01)
1.21 (0.98)
-0.06
1.82 (1.56)
1.60 (1.25)
0.16
1.25 (1.11)
1.45 (1.16)
0.00
Number of HbA1c tests ordered
...mean (sd)
0.46 (0.65)
0.36 (0.67)
0.15
0.26 (0.59)
0.24 (0.57)
0.03
0.41 (0.75)
0.37 (0.68)
0.06
0.28 (0.62)
0.33 (0.65)
0.00
Number of glucose tests ordered
...mean (sd)
0.12 (0.35)
0.09 (0.51)
0.07
0.13 (0.49)
0.07 (0.36)
0.14
0.11 (0.48)
0.09 (0.42)
0.04
0.13 (0.49)
0.08 (0.42)
0.00
Number of lipid tests ordered
...mean (sd)
0.49 (0.81)
0.56 (0.73)
-0.09
0.48 (0.85)
0.46 (0.78)
0.02
0.57 (0.69)
0.60 (0.70)
-0.04
0.49 (0.83)
0.55 (0.73)
0.00
Total N distinct ICD9/ICD10 diagnoses at the 3rd 
digit level Copy
...mean (sd)
11.04 (11.16)
7.32 (9.40)
0.36
3.53 (6.42)
3.58 (6.21)
-0.01
12.49 (12.95)
8.02 (10.00)
0.39
4.85 (7.72)
6.62 (8.96)
0.00
For PS
Hemorrhagic stroke+Other cerebrovascular 
disease+Cerebrovascular procedure (for PS); n (%)
** (0.7%)
94 (0.9%)
-0.02
112 (0.6%)
98 (0.5%)
0.01
31 (0.9%)
349 (1.0%)
-0.01
#VALUE!
541 (0.8%)
#VALUE!
Major trauma potentially causing prolonged 
** (2.2%)
319 (2.9%)
-0.04
557 (2.8%)
411 (2.2%)
0.04
2.45 (1.23)
2.63 (1.25)
#NUM!
557 (2.8%)
411 (2.2%)
0.24
Occurrence of creatinine tests  ordered (for PS); n 
(%)
22 (15.8%)
614 (5.6%)
0.33
2,077 (10.4%)
929 (4.9%)
0.21
382 (11.5%)
2,755 (7.7%)
0.13
2481 (10.6%)
4298 (6.5%)
0.15
Occurrence of BUN tests ordered (for PS); n (%)
13 (9.4%)
308 (2.8%)
0.28
1,508 (7.6%)
575 (3.0%)
0.21
206 (6.2%)
1,547 (4.3%)
0.09
1727 (7.4%)
2430 (3.7%)
0.16
Occurrence of chronic renal insufficiency w/o CKD 
(for PS) v2; n (%)
** (1.4%)
308 (2.8%)
-0.10
346 (1.7%)
295 (1.5%)
0.02
161 (4.9%)
1,221 (3.4%)
0.08
#VALUE!
1824 (2.8%)
#VALUE!
Chronic kidney disease Stage 1-2 (for PS); n (%)
0 (0.0%)
165 (1.5%)
-0.17
166 (0.8%)
122 (0.6%)
0.02
0
0
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Chronic kidney disease Stage 3-6 (for PS); n (%)
** (3.6%)
459 (4.2%)
-0.03
461 (2.3%)
299 (1.6%)
0.05
230 (6.9%)
1,317 (3.7%)
0.14
#VALUE!
2075 (3.2%)
#VALUE!
Acute kidney injury; n (%)
** (3.6%)
262 (2.4%)
0.07
404 (2.0%)
333 (1.7%)
0.02
0 (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
404 (2.0%)
333 (1.7%)
0.20
Bladder stones+Kidney stones (for PS); n (%)
** (3.6%)
196 (1.8%)
0.11
372 (1.9%)
319 (1.7%)
0.02
68 (2.0%)
570 (1.6%)
0.03
#VALUE!
1085 (1.6%)
#VALUE!
Alcohol abuse or dependence+Drug abuse or 
dependence (for PS); n (%)
15 (10.8%)
521 (4.8%)
0.23
686 (3.4%)
544 (2.8%)
0.03
155 (4.7%)
752 (2.1%)
0.14
856 (3.7%)
1817 (2.8%)
0.05
Other atherosclerosis+Cardiac conduction 
disorders+Other CVD (for PS) v2 Copy; n (%)
15 (10.8%)
1,442 (13.2%)
-0.07
2,179 (10.9%)
2,046 (10.7%)
0.01
753 (22.7%)
5,973 (16.7%)
0.15
2947 (12.6%)
9461 (14.4%)
-0.05
Previous cardiac procedure (CABG or PTCA or 
Stent) + History of CABG or PTCA (for PS) v3; n (%)
** (2.2%)
443 (4.1%)
-0.11
402 (2.0%)
403 (2.1%)
-0.01
331 (10.0%)
2,766 (7.7%)
0.08
#VALUE!
3612 (5.5%)
#VALUE!
Diabetes with complication; n (%)
** (3.6%)
599 (5.5%)
-0.09
757 (3.8%)
627 (3.3%)
0.03
185 (5.6%)
1,122 (3.1%)
0.12
757 (3.8%)
627 (3.3%)
0.28
Delirium + Psychosis (for PS); n (%)
** (0.7%)
161 (1.5%)
-0.08
207 (1.0%)
187 (1.0%)
0.00
114 (3.4%)
919 (2.6%)
0.05
#VALUE!
1267 (1.9%)
#VALUE!
Any use of Meglitinides (for PS); n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
20 (0.1%)
24 (0.1%)
0.00
3 (0.1%)
52 (0.1%)
0.00
23 (0.1%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Any use of AGIs (for PS); n (%)
** (0.7%)
** (0.0%)
0.12
8 (0.0%)
8 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
1 (0.0%)
17 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
CKD stage 3-6 + dialysis (for PS); n (%)
** (3.6%)
460 (4.2%)
-0.03
462 (2.3%)
300 (1.6%)
0.05
230 (6.9%)
1,320 (3.7%)
0.14
#VALUE!
2080 (3.2%)
#VALUE!
Use of thiazide- United; n (%)
** (6.5%)
1,002 (9.2%)
-0.10
1,805 (9.1%)
1,642 (8.6%)
0.02
406 (12.2%)
4,461 (12.4%)
-0.01
#VALUE!
7105 (10.8%)
#VALUE!
Use of beta blockers; n (%)
25 (18.0%)
2,388 (21.9%)
-0.10
4,065 (20.4%)
3,988 (20.9%)
-0.01
1,276 (38.5%)
11,174 (31.2%)
0.15
5366 (23.0%)
17550 (26.7%)
-0.09
Use of calcium channel blockers; n (%)
27 (19.4%)
1,964 (18.0%)
0.04
3,202 (16.1%)
3,037 (15.9%)
0.01
855 (25.8%)
8,105 (22.6%)
0.07
4084 (17.5%)
13106 (19.9%)
-0.06
All antidiabetic medications except Insulin; n (%)
12 (8.6%)
1,221 (11.2%)
-0.09
1,987 (10.0%)
1,960 (10.3%)
-0.01
435 (13.1%)
4,734 (13.2%)
0.00
2434 (10.4%)
7915 (12.0%)
-0.05
DM Medications - Insulin Copy; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
214 (2.0%)
-0.20
431 (2.2%)
387 (2.0%)
0.01
96 (2.9%)
680 (1.9%)
0.07
527 (2.3%)
1281 (1.9%)
0.03
Use of Low Intensity Statins; n (%)
14 (10.1%)
2,360 (21.7%)
-0.32
3,970 (19.9%)
3,853 (20.2%)
-0.01
893 (26.9%)
10,561 (29.5%)
-0.06
4877 (20.9%)
16774 (25.5%)
-0.11
Use of High Intensity Statins; n (%)
17 (12.2%)
1,626 (14.9%)
-0.08
2,485 (12.5%)
2,476 (13.0%)
-0.01
639 (19.3%)
5,766 (16.1%)
0.08
3141 (13.4%)
9868 (15.0%)
-0.05
Malignant hypertension; n (%)
** (0.7%)
133 (1.2%)
-0.05
8,674 (43.5%)
8,565 (44.8%)
-0.03
228 (6.9%)
2,335 (6.5%)
0.02
#VALUE!
11033 (16.8%)
#VALUE!
Cardiovascular stress test; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
15 (0.1%)
-0.04
33 (0.2%)
34 (0.2%)
0.00
20 (0.6%)
96 (0.3%)
0.04
53 (0.2%)
145 (0.2%)
0.00
Echocardiogram; n (%)
17 (12.2%)
1,134 (10.4%)
0.06
2,133 (10.7%)
2,072 (10.8%)
0.00
695 (20.9%)
5,364 (15.0%)
0.15
2845 (12.2%)
8570 (13.0%)
-0.02
Number of BNP tests
...mean (sd)
0.02 (0.15)
0.02 (0.14)
0.00
0.01 (0.13)
0.01 (0.12)
0.00
0.04 (0.23)
0.03 (0.18)
0.05
0.01 (0.15)
0.02 (0.16)
-0.06
Number of Cardiac biomarkers tests (tropnin, CK-MBs, Myoglobin, CPK)
...mean (sd)
0.12 (0.62)
0.11 (0.58)
0.02
0.10 (0.66)
0.09 (0.53)
0.02
0.14 (0.44)
0.11 (0.37)
0.07
0.11 (0.63)
0.10 (0.46)
0.00
Number of Ambulatory Blood pressure monitoring tests
...mean (sd)
0.00 (0.00)
0.00 (0.02)
0.00
0.00 (0.03)
0.00 (0.05)
0.00
0.00 (0.02)
0.00 (0.02)
0.00
0.00 (0.03)
0.00 (0.03)
0.00
Appendix B

N of days on antihypertensive medications during baseline
...mean (sd)
76.12 (80.99)
84.53 (81.34)
-0.10
78.54 (81.20)
80.62 (81.24)
-0.03
117.86 (75.46)
108.41 (79.14)
0.12
84.11 (80.41)
96.40 (80.12)
0.00
N of days in database anytime prior
...mean (sd)
1,935.15 (1,404.74)
1,778.37 (1,325.30)
0.11
1,945.19 (1,314.79)
2,012.46 (1,354.87)
-0.05
851.97 (590.35)
682.18 (363.83)
0.35
1789.97 (1238.66)
1249.55 (946.19)
0.00
Mean Copay for per prescription cost (charges in U.S. $) (180-1 day prior)
...mean (sd)
32.23 (150.62)
20.77 (23.25)
0.11
15.73 (19.19)
14.88 (22.80)
0.04
109.51 (85.40)
105.78 (106.74)
0.04
29.14 (38.51)
65.34 (80.27)
-0.01
...Missing; n (%)
** (5.0%)
394 (3.6%)
0.07
867 (4.4%)
820 (4.3%)
0.00
42 (1.3%)
741 (2.1%)
-0.06
#VALUE!
1955 (3.0%)
#VALUE!
Colonoscopy; n (%)
** (4.3%)
545 (5.0%)
-0.03
959 (4.8%)
946 (5.0%)
-0.01
159 (4.8%)
1,533 (4.3%)
0.02
#VALUE!
3024 (4.6%)
#VALUE!
Fecal occult blood (FOB) test; n (%)
** (2.9%)
381 (3.5%)
-0.03
971 (4.9%)
781 (4.1%)
0.04
80 (2.4%)
1,033 (2.9%)
-0.03
#VALUE!
2195 (3.3%)
#VALUE!
Flu vaccine; n (%)
33 (23.7%)
1,998 (18.4%)
0.13
2,607 (13.1%)
2,534 (13.3%)
-0.01
1,030 (31.0%)
11,550 (32.2%)
-0.03
3670 (15.7%)
16082 (24.4%)
-0.22
Mammogram; n (%)
19 (13.7%)
1,604 (14.7%)
-0.03
2,647 (13.3%)
2,400 (12.6%)
0.02
480 (14.5%)
5,978 (16.7%)
-0.06
3146 (13.5%)
9982 (15.2%)
-0.05
Pap smear; n (%)
** (3.6%)
558 (5.1%)
-0.07
1,371 (6.9%)
1,252 (6.6%)
0.01
123 (3.7%)
1,606 (4.5%)
-0.04
#VALUE!
3416 (5.2%)
#VALUE!
Pneumonia vaccine; n (%)
39 (28.1%)
1,712 (15.7%)
0.30
1,233 (6.2%)
1,258 (6.6%)
-0.02
842 (25.4%)
7,109 (19.8%)
0.13
2114 (9.0%)
10079 (15.3%)
-0.19
PSA test or Prostate exam for DRE; n (%)
17 (12.2%)
1,370 (12.6%)
-0.01
2,321 (11.7%)
2,185 (11.4%)
0.01
416 (12.5%)
4,318 (12.0%)
0.02
2754 (11.8%)
7873 (12.0%)
-0.01
Bone mineral density; n (%)
** (2.9%)
586 (5.4%)
-0.13
685 (3.4%)
706 (3.7%)
-0.02
207 (6.2%)
2,353 (6.6%)
-0.02
#VALUE!
3645 (5.5%)
#VALUE!
Use of CNS stimulants; n (%)
** (1.4%)
72 (0.7%)
0.07
162 (0.8%)
159 (0.8%)
0.00
18 (0.5%)
118 (0.3%)
0.03
#VALUE!
349 (0.5%)
#VALUE!
Use of estrogens, progestins, androgens; n (%)
17 (12.2%)
753 (6.9%)
0.18
1,722 (8.6%)
1,629 (8.5%)
0.00
184 (5.5%)
1,981 (5.5%)
0.00
1923 (8.2%)
4363 (6.6%)
0.06
Use of Angiogenesis inhibitors; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
11 (0.1%)
5 (0.0%)
0.04
3 (0.1%)
15 (0.0%)
0.04
14 (0.1%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Use of Oral Immunosuppressants; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
11 (0.1%)
-0.04
56 (0.3%)
19 (0.1%)
0.04
4 (0.1%)
31 (0.1%)
0.00
60 (0.3%)
61 (0.1%)
0.04
Use of fondaparinux or Bivalirudin; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.1%)
-0.04
21 (0.1%)
18 (0.1%)
0.00
2 (0.1%)
18 (0.1%)
0.00
23 (0.1%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Use of other direct thrombin inhibitors (lepirudin, 
desirudin, argatroban); n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
Use of Ticagrelor ON CED; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
6 (0.0%)
2 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
6 (0.0%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Use of Ticagrelor; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.1%)
-0.04
8 (0.0%)
7 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
7 (0.2%)
26 (0.1%)
0.03
15 (0.1%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Number of D-dimer tests
...mean (sd)
0.02 (0.15)
0.01 (0.12)
0.07
0.01 (0.10)
0.01 (0.11)
0.00
0.02 (0.15)
0.01 (0.13)
0.07
0.01 (0.11)
0.01 (0.12)
0.00
Numbe of CRP, high-sensitivity CRP tests
...mean (sd)
0.27 (0.68)
0.12 (0.46)
0.26
0.11 (0.47)
0.09 (0.38)
0.05
0.25 (0.83)
0.14 (0.51)
0.16
0.13 (0.54)
0.12 (0.47)
0.00
Number of PT or aPTTt tests
...mean (sd)
0.95 (1.16)
0.87 (1.19)
0.07
0.88 (1.28)
0.77 (1.22)
0.09
0.78 (1.29)
0.61 (0.93)
0.15
0.87 (1.28)
0.70 (1.07)
0.00
Number of Bleeding time tests
...mean (sd)
0.00 (0.00)
0.00 (0.00)
#DIV/0!
0.00 (0.02)
0.00 (0.02)
0.00
0.00 (0.00)
0.00 (0.02)
0.00
0.00 (0.02)
0.00 (0.02)
0.00
HAS-BLED Score (ICD-9 and ICD-10), 180 days
...mean (sd)
2.90 (1.05)
3.20 (1.08)
-0.28
2.87 (1.05)
2.91 (1.05)
-0.04
3.76 (0.91)
3.74 (0.95)
0.02
3.00 (1.03)
3.41 (1.00)
0.00
N of Generic name drugs
...mean (sd)
13.86 (12.71)
15.02 (12.51)
-0.09
14.21 (11.01)
13.44 (10.99)
0.07
20.14 (14.72)
16.53 (13.12)
0.26
15.05 (11.62)
15.38 (12.44)
0.00
N of Brand name drugs
...mean (sd)
3.01 (4.72)
3.39 (3.92)
-0.09
2.94 (4.13)
3.82 (4.06)
-0.21
3.03 (5.27)
3.72 (4.36)
-0.14
2.95 (4.31)
3.69 (4.20)
0.00
Use of clopidogrel ; n (%)
** (2.2%)
216 (2.0%)
0.01
438 (2.2%)
406 (2.1%)
0.01
159 (4.8%)
1,355 (3.8%)
0.05
#VALUE!
1977 (3.0%)
#VALUE!
Systemic embolism; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
14 (0.1%)
-0.04
31 (0.2%)
10 (0.1%)
0.03
6 (0.2%)
47 (0.1%)
0.03
37 (0.2%)
71 (0.1%)
0.03
DVT; n (%)
** (1.4%)
224 (2.1%)
-0.05
289 (1.5%)
301 (1.6%)
-0.01
189 (5.7%)
629 (1.8%)
0.21
#VALUE!
1154 (1.8%)
#VALUE!
Post-thrombotic syndrome; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
** (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
63 (1.9%)
718 (2.0%)
-0.01
** (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
PE; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
60 (0.6%)
-0.11
63 (0.3%)
88 (0.5%)
-0.03
64 (1.9%)
161 (0.4%)
0.14
127 (0.5%)
309 (0.5%)
0.00
Coagulation defects; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
134 (1.2%)
-0.16
210 (1.1%)
274 (1.4%)
-0.03
#DIV/0!
210 (1.1%)
274 (1.4%)
0.15
Diabetes: 1 inpatient or 2 outpatient claims 
within 183 days  ; n (%)
16 (11.5%)
1,773 (16.3%)
-0.14
2,832 (14.2%)
2,714 (14.2%)
0.00
676 (20.4%)
7,074 (19.7%)
0.02
3524 (15.1%)
11561 (17.6%)
-0.07
Intracranial or retroperitoneal hemorrhage: 1 
inpatient or 2 outpatient claims within 183 days ; 
n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.1%)
-0.04
15 (0.1%)
14 (0.1%)
0.00
4 (0.1%)
19 (0.1%)
0.00
19 (0.1%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Peptic Ulcer Disease; n (%)
46 (33.1%)
3,473 (31.9%)
0.03
4,260 (21.4%)
4,176 (21.9%)
-0.01
1,302 (39.2%)
12,496 (34.9%)
0.09
5608 (24.0%)
20145 (30.6%)
-0.15
Upper GI bleed; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
18 (0.2%)
-0.06
29 (0.1%)
16 (0.1%)
0.00
2 (0.1%)
39 (0.1%)
0.00
31 (0.1%)
73 (0.1%)
0.00
Lower/ unspecified GI bleed; n (%)
** (1.4%)
161 (1.5%)
-0.01
250 (1.3%)
220 (1.2%)
0.01
8 (0.2%)
56 (0.2%)
0.00
#VALUE!
437 (0.7%)
#VALUE!
Urogenital bleed; n (%)
** (3.6%)
340 (3.1%)
0.03
466 (2.3%)
506 (2.6%)
-0.02
39 (1.2%)
559 (1.6%)
-0.03
#VALUE!
1405 (2.1%)
#VALUE!
Other bleeds; n (%)
48 (34.5%)
3,015 (27.7%)
0.15
5,036 (25.3%)
4,905 (25.7%)
-0.01
991 (29.9%)
11,276 (31.5%)
-0.03
6075 (26.0%)
19196 (29.2%)
-0.07
Prior cancer; n (%)
21 (15.1%)
1,367 (12.6%)
0.07
1,410 (7.1%)
1,317 (6.9%)
0.01
589 (17.8%)
4,401 (12.3%)
0.15
2020 (8.6%)
7085 (10.8%)
-0.07
Antibiotics; n (%)
53 (38.1%)
4,441 (40.8%)
-0.06
8,121 (40.8%)
7,772 (40.7%)
0.00
558 (16.8%)
4,161 (11.6%)
0.15
8,121 (40.8%)
7,772 (40.7%)
1.17
Aspirin; n (%)
12 (8.6%)
123 (1.1%)
0.35
630 (3.2%)
194 (1.0%)
0.15
11 (0.3%)
109 (0.3%)
0.00
653 (2.8%)
426 (0.6%)
0.17
Aspirin/dipyridamole; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
20 (0.1%)
21 (0.1%)
0.00
4 (0.1%)
65 (0.2%)
-0.03
24 (0.1%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Other antiplatelet agents; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
11 (0.1%)
-0.04
21 (0.1%)
15 (0.1%)
0.00
9 (0.3%)
66 (0.2%)
0.02
30 (0.1%)
92 (0.1%)
0.00
PGP inhibitors; n (%)
19 (13.7%)
1,705 (15.7%)
-0.06
3,248 (16.3%)
3,118 (16.3%)
0.00
846 (25.5%)
7,135 (19.9%)
0.13
4113 (17.6%)
11958 (18.2%)
-0.02
Other gastroprotective agents; n (%)
** (1.4%)
125 (1.1%)
0.03
309 (1.6%)
273 (1.4%)
0.02
69 (2.1%)
527 (1.5%)
0.05
#VALUE!
925 (1.4%)
#VALUE!
Number of lipid tests ordered 
...mean (sd)
0.49 (0.81)
0.56 (0.73)
-0.09
0.48 (0.85)
0.46 (0.78)
0.02
0.59 (0.75)
0.62 (0.77)
-0.04
0.50 (0.84)
0.56 (0.77)
0.00
Proton pump inhibitor; n (%)
31 (22.3%)
2,149 (19.7%)
0.06
3,867 (19.4%)
3,740 (19.6%)
-0.01
1,004 (30.3%)
9,498 (26.5%)
0.08
4902 (21.0%)
15387 (23.4%)
-0.06
H2 receptor antagonist; n (%)
** (2.2%)
267 (2.5%)
-0.02
608 (3.1%)
513 (2.7%)
0.02
209 (6.3%)
1,737 (4.8%)
0.07
#VALUE!
2517 (3.8%)
#VALUE!
Vitamin K therapy; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
** (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
1 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Number of INR (prothrombin) tests ordered
...mean (sd)
0.58 (0.66)
0.49 (0.66)
0.14
0.51 (0.74)
0.44 (0.68)
0.10
0.64 (1.08)
0.49 (0.68)
0.17
0.53 (0.80)
0.48 (0.68)
0.00
Treating prescriber - Cardiologist; n (%)
63 (45.3%)
3,504 (32.2%)
0.27
5,695 (28.6%)
5,613 (29.4%)
-0.02
1,425 (42.9%)
13,200 (36.8%)
0.12
7183 (30.7%)
22317 (33.9%)
-0.07
Treating prescriber - Primary Care Physician; n (%)
109 (78.4%)
8,804 (80.9%)
-0.06
7,125 (35.8%)
7,775 (40.7%)
-0.10
1,075 (32.4%)
13,283 (37.1%)
-0.10
8309 (35.5%)
29862 (45.4%)
-0.20
Appendix B

Treating prescriber - Other; n (%)
139 (100.0%)
10,881 (100.0%)
#DIV/0!
19,725 (99.0%)
18,871 (98.7%)
0.03
3,318 (100.0%)
35,807 (99.9%)
0.04
23182 (99.2%)
65559 (99.6%)
-0.05
Alpha blockers; n (%)
** (4.3%)
693 (6.4%)
-0.09
1,101 (5.5%)
1,076 (5.6%)
0.00
347 (10.5%)
3,170 (8.8%)
0.06
#VALUE!
4939 (7.5%)
#VALUE!
CHA2DS2 VASc score, 180 days, V
...mean (sd)
1.36 (1.26)
1.93 (1.35)
-0.44
1.70 (1.32)
1.73 (1.34)
-0.02
2.45 (1.23)
2.63 (1.25)
-0.15
1.80 (1.31)
2.25 (1.29)
0.00
Use of Prasugrel; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
15 (0.1%)
-0.04
36 (0.2%)
33 (0.2%)
0.00
0 (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
36 (0.2%)
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Use of Loop Diuretics+other diuretics+other 
hypertension drugs; n (%)
** (5.0%)
811 (7.5%)
-0.10
1,363 (6.8%)
1,248 (6.5%)
0.01
558 (16.8%)
4,161 (11.6%)
0.15
#VALUE!
6220 (9.4%)
#VALUE!
*For Optum PS
Acute MI + Old MI; n (%)
** (2.2%)
350 (3.2%)
-0.06
416 (2.1%)
388 (2.0%)
0.01
207 (6.2%)
1,679 (4.7%)
0.07
#VALUE!
2417 (3.7%)
#VALUE!
ACS/unstable angina + stable angina; n (%)
** (0.7%)
197 (1.8%)
-0.10
296 (1.5%)
258 (1.4%)
0.01
90 (2.7%)
769 (2.1%)
0.04
#VALUE!
1224 (1.9%)
#VALUE!
Ischemic stroke + TIA + Late effects of
** (3.6%)
407 (3.7%)
-0.01
561 (2.8%)
546 (2.9%)
-0.01
191 (5.8%)
1,950 (5.4%)
0.02
#VALUE!
2903 (4.4%)
#VALUE!
DVT + PE; n (%)
** (1.4%)
265 (2.4%)
-0.07
340 (1.7%)
361 (1.9%)
-0.02
237 (7.1%)
749 (2.1%)
0.24
#VALUE!
1375 (2.1%)
#VALUE!
Upper GI bleeds + Lower GI bleeds + Urogenital 
bleeds + Other bleeds; n (%)
53 (38.1%)
3,342 (30.7%)
0.16
5,570 (28.0%)
5,435 (28.4%)
-0.01
1,021 (30.8%)
11,697 (32.6%)
-0.04
6644 (28.4%)
20474 (31.1%)
-0.06
Due to CMS cell suppression policy, all values less 
than 11 are denoted with **
Appendix B

Variable
- enoxaparin 30 or 40 mg sure - rivaroxaban 10 mg
St. Diff.- enoxaparin 30 or 40 mg sure - rivaroxaban 10 mg
St. Diff. enoxaparin 30 or 40 mg osure- rivaroxaban 10 mg
St. Diff.
Referent- enoxaparin 
30 or 40 mg 
Exposure- rivaroxaban 
10 mg 
St. Diff.
Number of patients
107
  
107
  
14,066
  
14,066
  
3,265
  
3,265
  
  17,438 
  17,438 
Age
...mean (sd)
60.34 (9.90)
59.53 (11.06)
0.08
60.19 (10.11)
60.18 (10.21)
0.00
71.28 (9.08)
71.03 (9.16)
0.03
62.27 (9.92)
62.21 (10.03)
0.01
Age categories without zero category
...18 - 54; n (%)
25 (23.4%)
35 (32.7%)
-0.21
3,610 (25.7%)
3,677 (26.1%)
-0.01
184 (5.6%)
181 (5.5%)
0.00
3819 (21.9%)
3893 (22.3%)
-0.01
...55 - 64; n (%)
53 (49.5%)
35 (32.7%)
0.35
6,621 (47.1%)
6,587 (46.8%)
0.01
256 (7.8%)
258 (7.9%)
0.00
6,930 (39.7%)
6,880 (39.5%)
0.00
...65 - 74; n (%)
19 (17.8%)
30 (28.0%)
-0.24
2,601 (18.5%)
2,457 (17.5%)
0.03
1,672 (51.2%)
1,741 (53.3%)
-0.04
4292 (24.6%)
4228 (24.2%)
0.01
...>= 75; n (%)
10 (9.3%)
7 (6.5%)
0.10
1,234 (8.8%)
1,345 (9.6%)
-0.03
1,153 (35.3%)
1,085 (33.2%)
0.04
2397 (13.7%)
2,437 (14.0%)
-0.01
Gender without zero category- 
United
...Males; n (%)
39 (36.4%)
48 (44.9%)
-0.17
6,734 (47.9%)
6,677 (47.5%)
0.01
1,303 (39.9%)
1,310 (40.1%)
0.00
8,076 (46.3%)
8,035 (46.1%)
0.00
...Females; n (%)
68 (63.6%)
59 (55.1%)
0.17
7,332 (52.1%)
7,389 (52.5%)
-0.01
1,962 (60.1%)
1,955 (59.9%)
0.00
9,362 (53.7%)
9,403 (53.9%)
0.00
Race 
...White; n (%)
-
-
-
-
2,993 (91.7%)
2,990 (91.6%)
0.00
2,993 (91.7%)
2,990 (91.6%)
0.00
...Black; n (%)
-
-
-
-
200 (6.1%)
201 (6.2%)
0.00
200 (6.1%)
201 (6.2%)
0.00
...Asian; n (%)
-
-
-
-
7 (0.2%)
6 (0.2%)
0.00
7 (0.2%)
6 (0.2%)
0.00
...Hispanic; n (%)
-
-
-
-
14 (0.4%)
14 (0.4%)
0.00
14 (0.4%)
14 (0.4%)
0.00
...North American Native; n (%)
-
-
-
-
13 (0.4%)
22 (0.7%)
-0.04
13 (0.4%)
22 (0.7%)
-0.04
...Other/Unknown; n (%)
-
-
-
-
38 (1.2%)
32 (1.0%)
0.02
38 (1.2%)
32 (1.0%)
0.02
Region without zero category- United 
v3 (lumping missing&other category 
...Northeast; n (%)
10 (9.3%)
12 (11.2%)
-0.06
2,293 (16.3%)
2,417 (17.2%)
-0.02
582 (17.8%)
567 (17.4%)
0.01
2885 (16.5%)
2,996 (17.2%)
-0.02
...South; n (%)
39 (36.4%)
42 (39.3%)
-0.06
4,002 (28.5%)
3,829 (27.2%)
0.03
1,270 (38.9%)
1,258 (38.5%)
0.01
5,311 (30.5%)
5,129 (29.4%)
0.02
...Midwest; n (%)
37 (34.6%)
34 (31.8%)
0.06
5,476 (38.9%)
5,373 (38.2%)
0.01
832 (25.5%)
850 (26.0%)
-0.01
6,345 (36.4%)
6,257 (35.9%)
0.01
...West; n (%)
21 (19.6%)
19 (17.8%)
0.05
2,129 (15.1%)
2,291 (16.3%)
-0.03
581 (17.8%)
590 (18.1%)
-0.01
2731 (15.7%)
2,900 (16.6%)
-0.02
...Unknown+missing; n (%)
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
166 (1.2%)
156 (1.1%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
166 (1.2%)
156 (1.1%)
0.01
Metropolitan Statistical Area - Urban (any MSA) vs Rural (non-MSA)
0
0
0.00
...Urban; n (%)
-
-
10,777 (76.6%)
10,818 (76.9%)
-0.01
-
-
10,777 (76.6%)
10,818 (76.9%)
-0.01
...Rural; n (%)
-
-
420 (3.0%)
411 (2.9%)
0.01
-
-
420 (3.0%)
411 (2.9%)
0.01
...Unknown/Missing; n (%)
-
-
2,869 (20.4%)
2,837 (20.2%)
0.00
-
-
2,869 (20.4%)
2,837 (20.2%)
0.00
Commercial vs Medicare Advantage- D
-
-
-
-
...1 - Fee For Service; n (%)
-
-
9,208 (65.5%)
9,122 (64.9%)
0.01
-
-
9,208 (65.5%)
9,122 (64.9%)
0.01
...2 - Encounter; n (%)
-
-
1,007 (7.2%)
1,074 (7.6%)
-0.02
-
-
1,007 (7.2%)
1,074 (7.6%)
-0.02
...3 - Medicare; n (%)
-
-
3,378 (24.0%)
3,356 (23.9%)
0.00
-
-
3,378 (24.0%)
3,356 (23.9%)
0.00
...4 - Medicare Encounter; n (%)
-
-
473 (3.4%)
514 (3.7%)
-0.02
-
-
473 (3.4%)
514 (3.7%)
-0.02
CV Covariates
Ischemic heart disease; n (%)
12 (11.2%)
17 (15.9%)
-0.14
1,488 (10.6%)
1,506 (10.7%)
0.00
794 (24.3%)
776 (23.8%)
0.01
2294 (13.2%)
2299 (13.2%)
0.00
Acute MI; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
63 (0.4%)
57 (0.4%)
0.00
20 (0.6%)
18 (0.6%)
0.00
83 (0.5%)
75 (0.4%)
0.01
ACS/unstable angina; n (%)
1 (0.9%)
1 (0.9%)
0.00
51 (0.4%)
52 (0.4%)
0.00
24 (0.7%)
27 (0.8%)
-0.01
76 (0.4%)
80 (0.5%)
-0.01
Old MI; n (%)
3 (2.8%)
4 (3.7%)
-0.05
247 (1.8%)
248 (1.8%)
0.00
192 (5.9%)
168 (5.1%)
0.04
442 (2.5%)
420 (2.4%)
0.01
Stable angina; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
1 (0.9%)
-0.13
155 (1.1%)
145 (1.0%)
0.01
68 (2.1%)
72 (2.2%)
-0.01
223 (1.3%)
218 (1.3%)
0.00
Coronary atherosclerosis and other 
forms of chronic ischemic heart 
disease; n (%)
12 (11.2%)
17 (15.9%)
-0.14
1,340 (9.5%)
1,358 (9.7%)
-0.01
735 (22.5%)
718 (22.0%)
0.01
2087 (12.0%)
2093 (12.0%)
0.00
Other atherosclerosis with ICD10 v2 
Copy; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
1 (0.9%)
-0.13
92 (0.7%)
87 (0.6%)
0.01
31 (0.9%)
36 (1.1%)
-0.02
123 (0.7%)
124 (0.7%)
0.00
Previous cardiac procedure (CABG or 
PTCA or Stent) v4; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
9 (0.1%)
8 (0.1%)
0.00
7 (0.2%)
7 (0.2%)
0.00
16 (0.1%)
15 (0.1%)
0.00
History of CABG or PTCA; n (%)
3 (2.8%)
2 (1.9%)
0.06
267 (1.9%)
269 (1.9%)
0.00
321 (9.8%)
308 (9.4%)
0.01
591 (3.4%)
579 (3.3%)
0.01
Any stroke; n (%)
4 (3.7%)
1 (0.9%)
0.19
306 (2.2%)
302 (2.1%)
0.01
147 (4.5%)
145 (4.4%)
0.00
457 (2.6%)
448 (2.6%)
0.00
Ischemic stroke (w and w/o mention 
of cerebral infarction); n (%)
4 (3.7%)
1 (0.9%)
0.19
302 (2.1%)
299 (2.1%)
0.00
147 (4.5%)
145 (4.4%)
0.00
453 (2.6%)
445 (2.6%)
0.00
Hemorrhagic stroke; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
4 (0.0%)
4 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
4 (0.0%)
4 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
TIA; n (%)
1 (0.9%)
0 (0.0%)
0.13
88 (0.6%)
83 (0.6%)
0.00
35 (1.1%)
40 (1.2%)
-0.01
124 (0.7%)
123 (0.7%)
0.00
Other cerebrovascular disease; n (%)
1 (0.9%)
0 (0.0%)
0.13
70 (0.5%)
71 (0.5%)
0.00
29 (0.9%)
33 (1.0%)
-0.01
100 (0.6%)
104 (0.6%)
0.00
Cerebrovascular procedure; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
5 (0.0%)
3 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
2 (0.1%)
2 (0.1%)
0.00
7 (0.0%)
5 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
Heart failure (CHF); n (%)
2 (1.9%)
1 (0.9%)
0.09
73 (0.5%)
81 (0.6%)
-0.01
98 (3.0%)
106 (3.2%)
-0.01
173 (1.0%)
188 (1.1%)
-0.01
Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) or 
PVD Surgery v2; n (%)
5 (4.7%)
4 (3.7%)
0.05
305 (2.2%)
309 (2.2%)
0.00
200 (6.1%)
185 (5.7%)
0.02
510 (2.9%)
498 (2.9%)
0.00
Atrial fibrillation; n (%)
1 (0.9%)
2 (1.9%)
-0.09
402 (2.9%)
408 (2.9%)
0.00
656 (20.1%)
664 (20.3%)
0.00
1059 (6.1%)
1,074 (6.2%)
0.00
Other cardiac dysrhythmia; n (%)
14 (13.1%)
18 (16.8%)
-0.10
1,352 (9.6%)
1,356 (9.6%)
0.00
791 (24.2%)
813 (24.9%)
-0.02
2157 (12.4%)
2,187 (12.5%)
0.00
Cardiac conduction disorders; n (%)
1 (0.9%)
11 (10.3%)
-0.42
465 (3.3%)
452 (3.2%)
0.01
244 (7.5%)
241 (7.4%)
0.00
710 (4.1%)
704 (4.0%)
0.01
Other CVD; n (%)
12 (11.2%)
7 (6.5%)
0.17
1,088 (7.7%)
1,073 (7.6%)
0.00
540 (16.5%)
502 (15.4%)
0.03
1640 (9.4%)
1,582 (9.1%)
0.01
 PS-matched
MarketScan
Medicare
POOLED
Optum
Appendix B

Diabetes-related complications
Occurrence of Diabetic Neuropathy v2 
Copy; n (%)
1 (0.9%)
6 (5.6%)
-0.27
208 (1.5%)
235 (1.7%)
-0.02
106 (3.2%)
127 (3.9%)
-0.04
315 (1.8%)
368 (2.1%)
-0.02
Occurrence of diabetic nephropathy 
V3 with ICD10 Copy; n (%)
1 (0.9%)
2 (1.9%)
-0.09
95 (0.7%)
98 (0.7%)
0.00
50 (1.5%)
54 (1.7%)
-0.02
146 (0.8%)
154 (0.9%)
-0.01
Hypoglycemia v2; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
73 (0.5%)
69 (0.5%)
0.00
48 (1.5%)
50 (1.5%)
0.00
121 (0.7%)
119 (0.7%)
0.00
Hyperglycemia; n (%)
11 (10.3%)
2 (1.9%)
0.36
595 (4.2%)
550 (3.9%)
0.02
279 (8.5%)
265 (8.1%)
0.01
885 (5.1%)
817 (4.7%)
0.02
Diabetic ketoacidosis; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
11 (0.1%)
3 (0.0%)
0.04
2 (0.1%)
3 (0.1%)
0.00
13 (0.1%)
6 (0.0%)
0.04
Hypertension: 1 inpatient or 2 
outpatient claims within 365 days; n 
(%)
67 (62.6%)
67 (62.6%)
0.00
8,177 (58.1%)
8,203 (58.3%)
0.00
2,648 (81.1%)
2,676 (82.0%)
-0.02
10,892 (62.5%)
10,946 (62.8%)
-0.01
Hyperlipidemia v2; n (%)
55 (51.4%)
48 (44.9%)
0.13
6,362 (45.2%)
6,406 (45.5%)
-0.01
1,981 (60.7%)
1,950 (59.7%)
0.02
8,398 (48.2%)
8,404 (48.2%)
0.00
Edema; n (%)
6 (5.6%)
8 (7.5%)
-0.08
403 (2.9%)
406 (2.9%)
0.00
194 (5.9%)
186 (5.7%)
0.01
603 (3.5%)
600 (3.4%)
0.01
Renal Dysfunction (non-diabetic) v2; n 
(%)
13 (12.1%)
9 (8.4%)
0.12
911 (6.5%)
947 (6.7%)
-0.01
530 (16.2%)
488 (14.9%)
0.04
1454 (8.3%)
1444 (8.3%)
0.00
Occurrence of acute renal disease v2; 
n (%)
4 (3.7%)
2 (1.9%)
0.11
240 (1.7%)
245 (1.7%)
0.00
150 (4.6%)
151 (4.6%)
0.00
394 (2.3%)
398 (2.3%)
0.00
Occurrence of chronic renal 
insufficiency; n (%)
7 (6.5%)
5 (4.7%)
0.08
482 (3.4%)
491 (3.5%)
-0.01
355 (10.9%)
342 (10.5%)
0.01
844 (4.8%)
838 (4.8%)
0.00
Chronic kidney disease v2; n (%)
6 (5.6%)
5 (4.7%)
0.04
461 (3.3%)
472 (3.4%)
-0.01
346 (10.6%)
329 (10.1%)
0.02
813 (4.7%)
806 (4.6%)
0.00
CKD Stage 3-4; n (%)
5 (4.7%)
3 (2.8%)
0.10
247 (1.8%)
256 (1.8%)
0.00
222 (6.8%)
214 (6.6%)
0.01
474 (2.7%)
473 (2.7%)
0.00
Occurrence of hypertensive 
nephropathy; n (%)
7 (6.5%)
3 (2.8%)
0.18
281 (2.0%)
288 (2.0%)
0.00
272 (8.3%)
256 (7.8%)
0.02
560 (3.2%)
547 (3.1%)
0.01
Occurrence of miscellaneous renal 
insufficiency v2; n (%)
6 (5.6%)
7 (6.5%)
-0.04
348 (2.5%)
344 (2.4%)
0.01
152 (4.7%)
126 (3.9%)
0.04
506 (2.9%)
477 (2.7%)
0.01
Other Covariates
Liver disease; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
1 (0.9%)
-0.13
183 (1.3%)
171 (1.2%)
0.01
63 (1.9%)
60 (1.8%)
0.01
246 (1.4%)
232 (1.3%)
0.01
Osteoarthritis; n (%)
105 (98.1%)
105 (98.1%)
0.00
13,771 (97.9%)
13,741 (97.7%)
0.01
3,127 (95.8%)
3,134 (96.0%)
-0.01
17003 (97.5%)
16980 (97.4%)
0.01
Other arthritis, arthropathies and 
musculoskeletal pain; n (%)
99 (92.5%)
96 (89.7%)
0.10
12,323 (87.6%)
12,304 (87.5%)
0.00
2,889 (88.5%)
2,902 (88.9%)
-0.01
15311 (87.8%)
15302 (87.8%)
0.00
Dorsopathies; n (%)
46 (43.0%)
45 (42.1%)
0.02
5,480 (39.0%)
5,477 (38.9%)
0.00
1,465 (44.9%)
1,504 (46.1%)
-0.02
6991 (40.1%)
7026 (40.3%)
0.00
Fractures; n (%)
9 (8.4%)
6 (5.6%)
0.11
986 (7.0%)
1,027 (7.3%)
-0.01
483 (14.8%)
484 (14.8%)
0.00
1478 (8.5%)
1517 (8.7%)
-0.01
Falls v2; n (%)
4 (3.7%)
4 (3.7%)
0.00
247 (1.8%)
268 (1.9%)
-0.01
85 (2.6%)
104 (3.2%)
-0.04
336 (1.9%)
376 (2.2%)
-0.02
Osteoporosis; n (%)
8 (7.5%)
7 (6.5%)
0.04
846 (6.0%)
853 (6.1%)
0.00
483 (14.8%)
485 (14.9%)
0.00
1337 (7.7%)
1345 (7.7%)
0.00
Depression; n (%)
25 (23.4%)
31 (29.0%)
-0.13
1,829 (13.0%)
1,881 (13.4%)
-0.01
607 (18.6%)
624 (19.1%)
-0.01
2461 (14.1%)
2536 (14.5%)
-0.01
Anxiety; n (%)
21 (19.6%)
26 (24.3%)
-0.11
1,602 (11.4%)
1,590 (11.3%)
0.00
590 (18.1%)
603 (18.5%)
-0.01
2213 (12.7%)
2219 (12.7%)
0.00
Sleep_Disorder; n (%)
8 (7.5%)
11 (10.3%)
-0.10
1,629 (11.6%)
1,685 (12.0%)
-0.01
286 (8.8%)
287 (8.8%)
0.00
1923 (11.0%)
1983 (11.4%)
-0.01
Dementia; n (%)
2 (1.9%)
1 (0.9%)
0.09
109 (0.8%)
118 (0.8%)
0.00
102 (3.1%)
97 (3.0%)
0.01
213 (1.2%)
216 (1.2%)
0.00
Delirium; n (%)
1 (0.9%)
2 (1.9%)
-0.09
88 (0.6%)
100 (0.7%)
-0.01
71 (2.2%)
68 (2.1%)
0.01
160 (0.9%)
170 (1.0%)
-0.01
Psychosis; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
53 (0.4%)
51 (0.4%)
0.00
49 (1.5%)
72 (2.2%)
-0.05
102 (0.6%)
123 (0.7%)
-0.01
Obesity; n (%)
37 (34.6%)
42 (39.3%)
-0.10
3,102 (22.1%)
3,175 (22.6%)
-0.01
798 (24.4%)
823 (25.2%)
-0.02
3937 (22.6%)
4040 (23.2%)
-0.01
Overweight; n (%)
7 (6.5%)
7 (6.5%)
0.00
430 (3.1%)
436 (3.1%)
0.00
179 (5.5%)
189 (5.8%)
-0.01
616 (3.5%)
632 (3.6%)
-0.01
Smoking; n (%)
42 (39.3%)
38 (35.5%)
0.08
2,492 (17.7%)
2,423 (17.2%)
0.01
1,241 (38.0%)
1,174 (36.0%)
0.04
3775 (21.6%)
3635 (20.8%)
0.02
Alcohol abuse or dependence; n (%)
8 (7.5%)
3 (2.8%)
0.21
244 (1.7%)
271 (1.9%)
-0.02
49 (1.5%)
61 (1.9%)
-0.03
301 (1.7%)
335 (1.9%)
-0.02
Drug abuse or dependence; n (%)
5 (4.7%)
5 (4.7%)
0.00
205 (1.5%)
211 (1.5%)
0.00
106 (3.2%)
95 (2.9%)
0.02
316 (1.8%)
311 (1.8%)
0.00
COPD; n (%)
12 (11.2%)
12 (11.2%)
0.00
880 (6.3%)
890 (6.3%)
0.00
481 (14.7%)
470 (14.4%)
0.01
1373 (7.9%)
1372 (7.9%)
0.00
Asthma; n (%)
17 (15.9%)
16 (15.0%)
0.02
1,138 (8.1%)
1,170 (8.3%)
-0.01
415 (12.7%)
426 (13.0%)
-0.01
1570 (9.0%)
1612 (9.2%)
-0.01
Obstructive sleep apnea; n (%)
15 (14.0%)
11 (10.3%)
0.11
1,442 (10.3%)
1,469 (10.4%)
0.00
381 (11.7%)
389 (11.9%)
-0.01
1838 (10.5%)
1869 (10.7%)
-0.01
Pneumonia; n (%)
2 (1.9%)
4 (3.7%)
-0.11
177 (1.3%)
181 (1.3%)
0.00
104 (3.2%)
106 (3.2%)
0.00
283 (1.6%)
291 (1.7%)
-0.01
Other Medications
Use of ACE inhibitors; n (%)
27 (25.2%)
23 (21.5%)
0.09
3,154 (22.4%)
3,178 (22.6%)
0.00
913 (28.0%)
952 (29.2%)
-0.03
4094 (23.5%)
4153 (23.8%)
-0.01
Use of ARBs; n (%)
17 (15.9%)
14 (13.1%)
0.08
2,240 (15.9%)
2,264 (16.1%)
-0.01
653 (20.0%)
652 (20.0%)
0.00
2910 (16.7%)
2930 (16.8%)
0.00
Use of Loop Diuretics - United; n (%)
5 (4.7%)
0 (0.0%)
0.31
494 (3.5%)
517 (3.7%)
-0.01
340 (10.4%)
344 (10.5%)
0.00
839 (4.8%)
861 (4.9%)
0.00
Use of other diuretics- United; n (%)
2 (1.9%)
0 (0.0%)
0.20
149 (1.1%)
142 (1.0%)
0.01
87 (2.7%)
77 (2.4%)
0.02
238 (1.4%)
219 (1.3%)
0.01
Use of nitrates-United; n (%)
1 (0.9%)
1 (0.9%)
0.00
179 (1.3%)
182 (1.3%)
0.00
113 (3.5%)
101 (3.1%)
0.02
293 (1.7%)
284 (1.6%)
0.01
Use of other hypertension drugs; n 
(%)
1 (0.9%)
1 (0.9%)
0.00
366 (2.6%)
387 (2.8%)
-0.01
179 (5.5%)
184 (5.6%)
0.00
546 (3.1%)
572 (3.3%)
-0.01
Use of Anti-arrhythmics; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
1 (0.9%)
-0.13
91 (0.6%)
89 (0.6%)
0.00
138 (4.2%)
143 (4.4%)
-0.01
229 (1.3%)
233 (1.3%)
0.00
Use of COPD/asthma meds- United; n 
(%)
12 (11.2%)
16 (15.0%)
-0.11
1,984 (14.1%)
1,911 (13.6%)
0.01
640 (19.6%)
594 (18.2%)
0.04
2636 (15.1%)
2521 (14.5%)
0.02
Use of statins; n (%)
29 (27.1%)
26 (24.3%)
0.06
4,598 (32.7%)
4,654 (33.1%)
-0.01
1,483 (45.4%)
1,448 (44.3%)
0.02
6110 (35.0%)
6128 (35.1%)
0.00
Use of other lipid-lowering drugs; n 
(%)
6 (5.6%)
5 (4.7%)
0.04
800 (5.7%)
841 (6.0%)
-0.01
228 (7.0%)
221 (6.8%)
0.01
1034 (5.9%)
1067 (6.1%)
-0.01
Use of antiplatelet agents; n (%)
6 (5.6%)
12 (11.2%)
-0.20
702 (5.0%)
658 (4.7%)
0.01
242 (7.4%)
218 (6.7%)
0.03
950 (5.4%)
888 (5.1%)
0.01
Use of heparin and other low-
molecular weight heparins; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
2 (0.0%)
2 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
18 (0.6%)
19 (0.6%)
0.00
20 (0.1%)
21 (0.1%)
0.00
Use of NSAIDs; n (%)
50 (46.7%)
49 (45.8%)
0.02
5,648 (40.2%)
5,696 (40.5%)
-0.01
1,122 (34.4%)
1,144 (35.0%)
-0.01
6820 (39.1%)
6889 (39.5%)
-0.01
Use of opioids- United; n (%)
72 (67.3%)
74 (69.2%)
-0.04
12,495 (88.8%)
12,506 (88.9%)
0.00
2,831 (86.7%)
2,834 (86.8%)
0.00
15398 (88.3%)
15414 (88.4%)
0.00
Use of antidepressants; n (%)
33 (30.8%)
27 (25.2%)
0.12
3,339 (23.7%)
3,410 (24.2%)
-0.01
1,018 (31.2%)
1,029 (31.5%)
-0.01
4390 (25.2%)
4466 (25.6%)
-0.01
Use of antipsychotics; n (%)
2 (1.9%)
1 (0.9%)
0.09
214 (1.5%)
246 (1.7%)
-0.02
130 (4.0%)
146 (4.5%)
-0.02
346 (2.0%)
393 (2.3%)
-0.02
Labs
  14,173 
  14,173 
Lab values- HbA1c (%) v3; n (%)
11 (10.3%)
16 (15.0%)
-0.14
136 (1.0%)
118 (0.8%)
0.02
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
147 (1.0%)
134 (0.9%)
0.01
Appendix B

Lab values- HbA1c (%) (within 3 
months) v3; n (%)
7 (6.5%)
15 (14.0%)
-0.25
95 (0.7%)
72 (0.5%)
0.03
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
102 (0.7%)
087 (0.6%)
0.01
Lab values- HbA1c (%) (within 6 
months) v3; n (%)
11 (10.3%)
16 (15.0%)
-0.14
136 (1.0%)
118 (0.8%)
0.02
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
147 (1.0%)
134 (0.9%)
0.01
Lab values- BNP; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
2 (0.0%)
2 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
2 (0.0%)
2 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
Lab values- BNP (within 3 months); n 
(%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
2 (0.0%)
1 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
02 (0.0%)
01 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
Lab values- BNP (within 6 months); n 
(%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
2 (0.0%)
2 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
2 (0.0%)
2 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
Lab values- BUN (mg/dl); n (%)
25 (23.4%)
40 (37.4%)
-0.31
166 (1.2%)
161 (1.1%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
191 (1.3%)
201 (1.4%)
-0.01
Lab values- BUN (mg/dl) (within 3 
months); n (%)
18 (16.8%)
34 (31.8%)
-0.36
139 (1.0%)
121 (0.9%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
157 (1.1%)
155 (1.1%)
0.00
Lab values- BUN (mg/dl) (within 6 
months); n (%)
25 (23.4%)
40 (37.4%)
-0.31
166 (1.2%)
161 (1.1%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
191 (1.3%)
201 (1.4%)
-0.01
Lab values- Creatinine (mg/dl) v2; n 
(%)
27 (25.2%)
41 (38.3%)
-0.28
171 (1.2%)
167 (1.2%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
198 (1.4%)
208 (1.5%)
-0.01
Lab values- Creatinine (mg/dl) (within 
3 months) v2; n (%)
19 (17.8%)
35 (32.7%)
-0.35
144 (1.0%)
125 (0.9%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
163 (1.2%)
160 (1.1%)
0.01
Lab values- Creatinine (mg/dl) (within 
6 months) v2; n (%)
27 (25.2%)
41 (38.3%)
-0.28
171 (1.2%)
167 (1.2%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
198 (1.4%)
208 (1.5%)
-0.01
Lab values- HDL level (mg/dl); n (%)
21 (19.6%)
22 (20.6%)
-0.02
125 (0.9%)
126 (0.9%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
146 (1.0%)
148 (1.0%)
0.00
Lab values- HDL level (mg/dl) (within 
3 months); n (%)
15 (14.0%)
16 (15.0%)
-0.03
72 (0.5%)
70 (0.5%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
087 (0.6%)
086 (0.6%)
0.00
Lab values- HDL level (mg/dl) (within 
6 months); n (%)
21 (19.6%)
22 (20.6%)
-0.02
125 (0.9%)
126 (0.9%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
146 (1.0%)
148 (1.0%)
0.00
Lab values- LDL level (mg/dl) v2; n (%)
20 (18.7%)
22 (20.6%)
-0.05
131 (0.9%)
125 (0.9%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
151 (1.1%)
147 (1.0%)
0.01
Lab values- LDL level (mg/dl) (within 3 
months) v2; n (%)
14 (13.1%)
16 (15.0%)
-0.05
77 (0.5%)
69 (0.5%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
091 (0.6%)
085 (0.6%)
0.00
Lab values- LDL level (mg/dl) (within 6 
months) v2; n (%)
20 (18.7%)
22 (20.6%)
-0.05
131 (0.9%)
125 (0.9%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
151 (1.1%)
147 (1.0%)
0.01
Lab values- NT-proBNP; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
00 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
Lab values- NT-proBNP (within 3 
months); n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
00 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
Lab values- NT-proBNP (within 6 
months); n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
00 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
Lab values- Total cholesterol (mg/dl) 
v2; n (%)
21 (19.6%)
22 (20.6%)
-0.02
126 (0.9%)
126 (0.9%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
147 (1.0%)
148 (1.0%)
0.00
Lab values- Total cholesterol (mg/dl) 
(within 3 months) v2; n (%)
15 (14.0%)
16 (15.0%)
-0.03
72 (0.5%)
70 (0.5%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
087 (0.6%)
086 (0.6%)
0.00
Lab values- Total cholesterol (mg/dl) 
(within 6 months) v2; n (%)
21 (19.6%)
22 (20.6%)
-0.02
126 (0.9%)
126 (0.9%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
147 (1.0%)
148 (1.0%)
0.00
Lab values- Triglyceride level (mg/dl); 
n (%)
21 (19.6%)
22 (20.6%)
-0.02
125 (0.9%)
122 (0.9%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
146 (1.0%)
144 (1.0%)
0.00
Lab values- Triglyceride level (mg/dl) 
(within 3 months); n (%)
15 (14.0%)
16 (15.0%)
-0.03
71 (0.5%)
66 (0.5%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
086 (0.6%)
082 (0.6%)
0.00
Lab values- Triglyceride level (mg/dl) 
(within 6 months); n (%)
21 (19.6%)
22 (20.6%)
-0.02
125 (0.9%)
122 (0.9%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
146 (1.0%)
144 (1.0%)
0.00
Lab result number- HbA1c (%) mean 
(only 2 to 20 included) v4
11
   
16
   
115
   
109
   
N/A
N/A
  126 
  125 
...mean (sd)
5.69 (0.65)
5.72 (0.61)
-0.05
6.86 (1.63)
6.46 (1.29)
0.27
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
6.76 (1.58)
6.37 (1.23)
0.28
...Missing; n (%)
96 (89.7%)
91 (85.0%)
0.14
13,951 (99.2%)
13,957 (99.2%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
14,047 (99.1%)
14,048 (99.1%)
0.00
Lab result number- BNP mean v2
-  
-  
2
  
2
  
N/A
N/A
  2 
  2 
...mean (sd)
- (-)
- (-)
#VALUE!
102.50 (89.80)
35.55 (38.82)
0.97
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
...Missing; n (%)
107 (100.0%)
107 (100.0%)
#DIV/0!
14,064 (100.0%)
14,064 (100.0%)
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
14,171 (100.0%)
14,171 (100.0%)
#DIV/0!
Lab result number- BUN (mg/dl) mean 
v2
  25 
  40 
  166 
  161 
N/A
N/A
  191 
  201 
...mean (sd)
14.94 (5.61)
16.13 (4.47)
-0.23
16.91 (5.75)
17.73 (7.38)
-0.12
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
16.65 (5.75)
17.41 (6.92)
-0.12
...Missing; n (%)
82 (76.6%)
67 (62.6%)
0.31
13,900 (98.8%)
13,905 (98.9%)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
13,982 (98.7%)
13,972 (98.6%)
0.01
Lab result number- Creatinine (mg/dl) 
mean (only 0.1 to 15 included) v3
  27 
  41 
  164 
  158 
N/A
N/A
  191 
  199 
...mean (sd)
0.79 (0.18)
0.90 (0.25)
-0.50
0.90 (0.23)
0.95 (0.25)
-0.21
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
0.88 (0.22)
0.94 (0.25)
-0.25
...Missing; n (%)
80 (74.8%)
66 (61.7%)
0.28
13,902 (98.8%)
13,908 (98.9%)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
13,982 (98.7%)
13,974 (98.6%)
0.01
Lab result number- HDL level (mg/dl) 
mean (only =<5000 included) v2
  21 
  22 
  125 
  126 
N/A
N/A
  146 
  148 
...mean (sd)
56.98 (13.95)
60.50 (21.22)
-0.20
49.39 (17.42)
51.96 (20.30)
-0.14
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
50.48 (17.04)
53.23 (20.51)
-0.15
...Missing; n (%)
86 (80.4%)
85 (79.4%)
0.02
13,941 (99.1%)
13,940 (99.1%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
14,027 (99.0%)
14,025 (99.0%)
0.00
Lab result number- LDL level (mg/dl) 
mean (only =<5000 included) v2
  20 
  22 
  125 
  119 
N/A
N/A
  145 
  141 
...mean (sd)
110.05 (30.80)
110.57 (33.47)
-0.02
95.17 (41.62)
95.19 (40.07)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
97.22 (40.49)
97.59 (39.29)
-0.01
Appendix B

...Missing; n (%)
87 (81.3%)
85 (79.4%)
0.05
13,941 (99.1%)
13,947 (99.2%)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
14,028 (99.0%)
14,032 (99.0%)
0.00
Lab result number- Total cholesterol 
(mg/dl) mean (only =<5000 included) 
v2
  21 
  22 
  126 
  126 
N/A
N/A
  147 
  148 
...mean (sd)
194.67 (33.54)
190.14 (40.99)
0.12
173.55 (50.72)
178.39 (50.25)
-0.10
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
176.57 (48.88)
180.14 (49.19)
-0.07
...Missing; n (%)
86 (80.4%)
85 (79.4%)
0.02
13,940 (99.1%)
13,940 (99.1%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
14,026 (99.0%)
14,025 (99.0%)
0.00
Lab result number- Triglyceride level 
(mg/dl) mean (only =<5000 included) 
v2
  21 
  22 
  125 
  122 
N/A
N/A
  146 
  144 
...mean (sd)
133.29 (57.02)
97.52 (48.21)
0.68
147.76 (90.74)
154.99 (95.96)
-0.08
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
145.68 (87.15)
146.21 (90.82)
-0.01
...Missing; n (%)
86 (80.4%)
85 (79.4%)
0.02
13,941 (99.1%)
13,944 (99.1%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
14,027 (99.0%)
14,029 (99.0%)
0.00
Lab result number- Hemoglobin mean 
(only >0 included)
  27 
  36 
  134 
  132 
N/A
N/A
  161 
  168 
...mean (sd)
14.11 (1.18)
13.80 (1.77)
0.21
13.30 (2.58)
12.99 (2.98)
0.11
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
13.44 (2.42)
13.16 (2.78)
0.11
...Missing; n (%)
80 (74.8%)
71 (66.4%)
0.19
13,932 (99.0%)
13,934 (99.1%)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
14,012 (98.9%)
14,005 (98.8%)
0.01
Lab result number- Serum sodium 
mean (only > 90 and < 190 included)
  27 
  41 
  153 
  146 
N/A
N/A
  180 
  187 
...mean (sd)
140.69 (2.32)
140.84 (2.63)
-0.06
139.67 (2.23)
139.69 (2.13)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
139.82 (2.25)
139.94 (2.25)
-0.05
...Missing; n (%)
80 (74.8%)
66 (61.7%)
0.28
13,913 (98.9%)
13,920 (99.0%)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
13,993 (98.7%)
13,986 (98.7%)
0.00
Lab result number- Albumin mean 
(only >0 and <=10 included)
  26 
  36 
  119 
  126 
N/A
N/A
  145 
  162 
...mean (sd)
4.24 (0.39)
4.31 (0.27)
-0.21
4.23 (0.63)
4.23 (0.82)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
4.23 (0.60)
4.25 (0.74)
-0.03
...Missing; n (%)
81 (75.7%)
71 (66.4%)
0.21
13,947 (99.2%)
13,940 (99.1%)
0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
14,028 (99.0%)
14,011 (98.9%)
0.01
Lab result number- Glucose (fasting or 
random) mean (only 10-1000 
included)
  27 
  40 
  153 
  137 
N/A
N/A
  180 
  177 
...mean (sd)
102.14 (31.99)
97.65 (21.67)
0.16
122.92 (42.46)
116.13 (35.05)
0.17
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
119.80 (41.21)
111.95 (32.64)
0.21
...Missing; n (%)
80 (74.8%)
67 (62.6%)
0.27
13,913 (98.9%)
13,929 (99.0%)
-0.01
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
13,993 (98.7%)
13,996 (98.8%)
-0.01
Lab result number- Potassium mean 
(only 1-7 included)
  27 
  41 
  160 
  149 
N/A
N/A
  187 
  190 
...mean (sd)
4.36 (0.33)
4.30 (0.46)
0.15
4.35 (0.38)
4.36 (0.43)
-0.02
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
4.35 (0.37)
4.35 (0.44)
0.00
...Missing; n (%)
80 (74.8%)
66 (61.7%)
0.28
13,906 (98.9%)
13,917 (98.9%)
0.00
N/A
N/A
#VALUE!
13,986 (98.7%)
13,983 (98.7%)
0.00
Comorbidity Scores
CCI (180 days)- ICD9 and ICD10 v2
...mean (sd)
1.12 (2.02)
1.40 (1.95)
-0.14
0.51 (1.45)
0.52 (1.50)
-0.01
1.70 (2.24)
1.67 (2.23)
0.01
0.74 (1.63)
0.74 (1.66)
0.00
Non-Frailty; n (%)
63 (58.9%)
59 (55.1%)
0.08
6,861 (48.8%)
6,990 (49.7%)
-0.02
86 (2.6%)
52 (1.6%)
0.07
7010 (40.2%)
7101 (40.7%)
-0.01
Frailty Score (mean): Empirical 
Version 365 days, v2
...mean (sd)
0.17 (0.05)
0.17 (0.05)
0.00
0.16 (0.04)
0.16 (0.04)
0.00
0.19 (0.06)
0.19 (0.06)
0.00
0.17 (0.04)
0.17 (0.04)
0.00
Healthcare Utilization
Any hospitalization; n (%)
106 (99.1%)
107 (100.0%)
-0.13
14,066 (100.0%)
14,066 (100.0%)
#DIV/0!
3,265 (100.0%)
3,265 (100.0%)
#DIV/0!
17,437 (100.0%)
17,438 (100.0%)
#DIV/0!
Any hospitalization within prior 30 
days; n (%)
105 (98.1%)
107 (100.0%)
-0.20
14,055 (99.9%)
14,047 (99.9%)
0.00
3,253 (99.6%)
3,234 (99.1%)
0.06
17413 (99.9%)
17388 (99.7%)
0.04
Any hospitalization during prior 31-
180 days; n (%)
8 (7.5%)
7 (6.5%)
0.04
486 (3.5%)
507 (3.6%)
-0.01
324 (9.9%)
349 (10.7%)
-0.03
818 (4.7%)
863 (4.9%)
-0.01
Internal medicine/family medicine 
visits; n (%)
83 (77.6%)
82 (76.6%)
0.02
11,722 (83.3%)
11,926 (84.8%)
-0.04
2,991 (91.6%)
2,995 (91.7%)
0.00
14796 (84.8%)
15003 (86.0%)
-0.03
Internal medicine/family medicine 
visits (30 days prior) v2; n (%)
72 (67.3%)
59 (55.1%)
0.25
9,021 (64.1%)
8,971 (63.8%)
0.01
2,593 (79.4%)
2,591 (79.4%)
0.00
11686 (67.0%)
11621 (66.6%)
0.01
Internal medicine/family medicine 
visits (31 to 180 days prior) v2; n (%)
51 (47.7%)
71 (66.4%)
-0.38
9,702 (69.0%)
10,038 (71.4%)
-0.05
2,423 (74.2%)
2,452 (75.1%)
-0.02
12176 (69.8%)
12561 (72.0%)
-0.05
Cardiologist visit; n (%)
54 (50.5%)
61 (57.0%)
-0.13
4,970 (35.3%)
4,982 (35.4%)
0.00
1,988 (60.9%)
1,977 (60.6%)
0.01
7012 (40.2%)
7020 (40.3%)
0.00
Number of Cardiologist visits (30 days 
prior); n (%)
45 (42.1%)
49 (45.8%)
-0.07
3,723 (26.5%)
3,655 (26.0%)
0.01
1,396 (42.8%)
1,355 (41.5%)
0.03
5164 (29.6%)
5059 (29.0%)
0.01
Number of Cardiologist visits (31 to 
180 days prior); n (%)
17 (15.9%)
27 (25.2%)
-0.23
2,001 (14.2%)
2,015 (14.3%)
0.00
1,155 (35.4%)
1,204 (36.9%)
-0.03
3173 (18.2%)
3246 (18.6%)
-0.01
Electrocardiogram v2; n (%)
85 (79.4%)
97 (90.7%)
-0.32
10,886 (77.4%)
10,967 (78.0%)
-0.01
2,831 (86.7%)
2,861 (87.6%)
-0.03
13802 (79.1%)
13925 (79.9%)
-0.02
Use of glucose test strips; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
1 (0.9%)
-0.13
54 (0.4%)
87 (0.6%)
-0.03
23 (0.7%)
26 (0.8%)
-0.01
77 (0.4%)
114 (0.7%)
-0.04
Dialysis; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
1 (0.0%)
1 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
1 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
2 (0.0%)
1 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
number of different/distinct 
medication prescriptions
...mean (sd)
8.14 (5.20)
7.94 (4.36)
0.04
8.46 (4.46)
8.59 (4.56)
-0.03
10.42 (4.93)
10.53 (4.98)
-0.02
8.83 (4.56)
8.95 (4.64)
-0.03
Number of Hospitalizations
...mean (sd)
1.11 (0.37)
1.09 (0.35)
0.06
1.06 (0.28)
1.06 (0.27)
0.00
1.20 (0.54)
1.21 (0.54)
-0.02
1.09 (0.34)
1.09 (0.34)
0.00
Number of hospital days
...mean (sd)
2.44 (2.66)
2.59 (1.99)
-0.06
3.51 (2.21)
3.54 (2.43)
-0.01
4.96 (4.57)
4.93 (4.38)
0.01
3.77 (2.81)
3.79 (2.89)
-0.01
Number of Emergency Department 
(ED) visits v3
...mean (sd)
0.48 (1.22)
0.42 (1.17)
0.05
0.13 (1.01)
0.13 (1.01)
0.00
0.74 (1.94)
0.81 (2.53)
-0.03
0.25 (1.24)
0.26 (1.42)
-0.01
Number of Office visits
...mean (sd)
7.42 (5.03)
7.62 (5.67)
-0.04
6.41 (3.99)
6.50 (4.12)
-0.02
16.83 (12.94)
16.94 (12.61)
-0.01
8.37 (6.66)
8.46 (6.61)
-0.01
Appendix B

Number of internal medicine/family 
medicine visits
...mean (sd)
4.64 (7.05)
7.58 (16.00)
-0.24
6.16 (8.17)
6.37 (8.70)
-0.02
9.34 (9.94)
9.35 (9.72)
0.00
6.75 (8.52)
6.94 (8.96)
-0.02
Number of Cardiologist visits
...mean (sd)
1.65 (3.01)
1.95 (3.07)
-0.10
0.97 (2.21)
0.97 (2.27)
0.00
2.49 (4.14)
2.59 (4.60)
-0.02
1.26 (2.68)
1.28 (2.86)
-0.01
Number electrocardiograms received 
v2
...mean (sd)
1.49 (1.25)
1.62 (1.07)
-0.11
1.19 (1.01)
1.19 (0.98)
0.00
1.80 (1.54)
1.82 (1.52)
-0.01
1.31 (1.13)
1.31 (1.10)
0.00
Number of HbA1c tests ordered
...mean (sd)
0.41 (0.61)
0.49 (0.79)
-0.11
0.24 (0.57)
0.25 (0.58)
-0.02
0.40 (0.73)
0.41 (0.72)
-0.01
0.27 (0.60)
0.28 (0.61)
-0.02
Number of glucose tests ordered
...mean (sd)
0.10 (0.33)
0.18 (1.20)
-0.09
0.08 (0.36)
0.08 (0.40)
0.00
0.11 (0.48)
0.11 (0.47)
0.00
0.09 (0.39)
0.09 (0.42)
0.00
Number of lipid tests ordered
...mean (sd)
0.55 (0.87)
0.49 (0.65)
0.08
0.46 (0.81)
0.47 (0.81)
-0.01
0.57 (0.69)
0.57 (0.71)
0.00
0.48 (0.79)
0.49 (0.79)
-0.01
Total N distinct ICD9/ICD10 diagnoses 
at the 3rd digit level Copy
...mean (sd)
11.04 (11.14)
9.78 (10.49)
0.12
3.63 (6.39)
3.62 (6.31)
0.00
12.35 (12.72)
12.26 (12.44)
0.01
5.31 (8.00)
5.28 (7.86)
0.00
For PS
Hemorrhagic stroke+Other 
cerebrovascular 
disease+Cerebrovascular procedure 
(for PS); n (%)
1 (0.9%)
0 (0.0%)
0.13
76 (0.5%)
78 (0.6%)
-0.01
31 (0.9%)
35 (1.1%)
-0.02
108 (0.6%)
113 (0.6%)
0.00
Major trauma potentially causing prolo
** (2.8%)
** (1.9%)
#DIV/0!
316 (2.2%)
336 (2.4%)
#DIV/0!
180 (5.5%)
174 (5.3%)
#DIV/0!
316 (2.2%)
336 (2.4%)
-0.01
Occurrence of creatinine tests 
ordered (for PS); n (%)
14 (13.1%)
4 (3.7%)
0.34
1,125 (8.0%)
693 (4.9%)
0.13
374 (11.5%)
264 (8.1%)
0.11
1513 (8.7%)
961 (5.5%)
0.12
Occurrence of BUN tests ordered (for 
PS); n (%)
8 (7.5%)
3 (2.8%)
0.21
775 (5.5%)
437 (3.1%)
0.12
203 (6.2%)
164 (5.0%)
0.05
986 (5.7%)
604 (3.5%)
0.11
Occurrence of chronic renal 
insufficiency w/o CKD (for PS) v2; n 
(%)
2 (1.9%)
1 (0.9%)
0.09
225 (1.6%)
224 (1.6%)
0.00
156 (4.8%)
161 (4.9%)
0.00
383 (2.2%)
386 (2.2%)
0.00
Chronic kidney disease Stage 1-2 (for 
PS); n (%)
0 (0.0%)
2 (1.9%)
-0.20
106 (0.8%)
101 (0.7%)
0.01
47 (1.4%)
47 (1.4%)
0.00
153 (0.9%)
150 (0.9%)
0.00
Chronic kidney disease Stage 3-6 (for 
PS); n (%)
5 (4.7%)
3 (2.8%)
0.10
247 (1.8%)
256 (1.8%)
0.00
222 (6.8%)
214 (6.6%)
0.01
474 (2.7%)
473 (2.7%)
0.00
Acute kidney injury; n (%)
** (3.7%)
** (1.9%)
#DIV/0!
261 (1.9%)
270 (1.9%)
#DIV/0!
158 (4.8%)
160 (4.9%)
#DIV/0!
261 (1.9%)
270 (1.9%)
0.00
Bladder stones+Kidney stones (for 
PS); n (%)
4 (3.7%)
2 (1.9%)
0.11
266 (1.9%)
223 (1.6%)
0.02
66 (2.0%)
70 (2.1%)
-0.01
336 (1.9%)
295 (1.7%)
0.02
Alcohol abuse or dependence+Drug 
abuse or dependence (for PS); n (%)
12 (11.2%)
8 (7.5%)
0.13
435 (3.1%)
450 (3.2%)
-0.01
147 (4.5%)
151 (4.6%)
0.00
594 (3.4%)
609 (3.5%)
-0.01
Other atherosclerosis+Cardiac 
conduction disorders+Other CVD (for 
PS) v2 Copy; n (%)
12 (11.2%)
17 (15.9%)
-0.14
1,530 (10.9%)
1,529 (10.9%)
0.00
729 (22.3%)
699 (21.4%)
0.02
2271 (13.0%)
2245 (12.9%)
0.00
Previous cardiac procedure (CABG or 
PTCA or Stent) + History of CABG or 
PTCA (for PS) v3; n (%)
3 (2.8%)
2 (1.9%)
0.06
271 (1.9%)
272 (1.9%)
0.00
323 (9.9%)
308 (9.4%)
0.02
597 (3.4%)
582 (3.3%)
0.01
Diabetes with complication; n (%)
** (3.7%)
11 (10.3%)
#DIV/0!
469 (3.3%)
484 (3.4%)
#DIV/0!
235 (7.2%)
249 (7.6%)
#DIV/0!
469 (3.3%)
484 (3.4%)
-0.01
Delirium + Psychosis (for PS); n (%)
1 (0.9%)
2 (1.9%)
-0.09
133 (0.9%)
139 (1.0%)
-0.01
110 (3.4%)
129 (4.0%)
-0.03
244 (1.4%)
270 (1.5%)
-0.01
Any use of Meglitinides (for PS); n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
12 (0.1%)
20 (0.1%)
0.00
3 (0.1%)
6 (0.2%)
-0.03
15 (0.1%)
26 (0.1%)
0.00
Any use of AGIs (for PS); n (%)
1 (0.9%)
0 (0.0%)
0.13
5 (0.0%)
6 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
1 (0.0%)
4 (0.1%)
-0.04
7 (0.0%)
10 (0.1%)
-0.04
CKD stage 3-6 + dialysis (for PS); n (%)
5 (4.7%)
3 (2.8%)
0.10
248 (1.8%)
257 (1.8%)
0.00
222 (6.8%)
214 (6.6%)
0.01
475 (2.7%)
474 (2.7%)
0.00
Use of thiazide; n (%)
8 (7.5%)
5 (4.7%)
0.12
1,232 (8.8%)
1,242 (8.8%)
0.00
397 (12.2%)
397 (12.2%)
0.00
1637 (9.4%)
1644 (9.4%)
0.00
Use of beta blockers; n (%)
22 (20.6%)
18 (16.8%)
0.10
2,871 (20.4%)
2,910 (20.7%)
-0.01
1,249 (38.3%)
1,261 (38.6%)
-0.01
4142 (23.8%)
4189 (24.0%)
0.00
Use of calcium channel blockers; n 
(%)
22 (20.6%)
19 (17.8%)
0.07
2,230 (15.9%)
2,250 (16.0%)
0.00
834 (25.5%)
858 (26.3%)
-0.02
3086 (17.7%)
3127 (17.9%)
-0.01
All antidiabetic medications except Ins
10 (9.3%)
10 (9.3%)
0.00
1,390 (9.9%)
1,403 (10.0%)
0.00
426 (13.0%)
428 (13.1%)
0.00
1826 (10.5%)
1841 (10.6%)
0.00
DM Medications - Insulin Copy; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
2 (1.9%)
-0.20
271 (1.9%)
289 (2.1%)
-0.01
93 (2.8%)
100 (3.1%)
-0.02
364 (2.1%)
391 (2.2%)
-0.01
Use of Low Intensity Statins; n (%)
14 (13.1%)
11 (10.3%)
0.09
2,738 (19.5%)
2,854 (20.3%)
-0.02
874 (26.8%)
925 (28.3%)
-0.03
3626 (20.8%)
3790 (21.7%)
-0.02
Use of High Intensity Statins; n (%)
13 (12.1%)
15 (14.0%)
-0.06
1,802 (12.8%)
1,748 (12.4%)
0.01
629 (19.3%)
548 (16.8%)
0.07
2444 (14.0%)
2311 (13.3%)
0.02
Malignant hypertension; n (%)
1 (0.9%)
1 (0.9%)
0.00
6,163 (43.8%)
6,140 (43.7%)
0.00
222 (6.8%)
238 (7.3%)
-0.02
6386 (36.6%)
6379 (36.6%)
0.00
Cardiovascular stress test; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
23 (0.2%)
22 (0.2%)
0.00
20 (0.6%)
10 (0.3%)
0.04
43 (0.2%)
32 (0.2%)
0.00
Echocardiogram; n (%)
13 (12.1%)
14 (13.1%)
-0.03
1,508 (10.7%)
1,524 (10.8%)
0.00
677 (20.7%)
675 (20.7%)
0.00
2198 (12.6%)
2213 (12.7%)
0.00
Number of BNP tests
...mean (sd)
0.02 (0.14)
0.03 (0.17)
-0.06
0.01 (0.13)
0.01 (0.13)
0.00
0.04 (0.23)
0.04 (0.23)
0.00
0.02 (0.15)
0.02 (0.15)
0.00
Number of Cardiac biomarkers tests (tropnin, CK-MBs, Myoglobin, CPK)
...mean (sd)
0.08 (0.39)
0.10 (0.43)
-0.05
0.10 (0.63)
0.10 (0.54)
0.00
0.14 (0.43)
0.14 (0.43)
0.00
0.11 (0.60)
0.11 (0.52)
0.00
Number of Ambulatory Blood pressure monitoring tests
...mean (sd)
0.00 (0.00)
0.00 (0.00)
#DIV/0!
0.00 (0.03)
0.00 (0.04)
0.00
0.00 (0.02)
0.00 (0.00)
0.00
0.00 (0.03)
0.00 (0.04)
0.00
Appendix B

N of days on antihypertensive medications during baseline
...mean (sd)
82.41 (82.13)
69.62 (79.26)
0.16
79.44 (81.28)
79.84 (81.30)
0.00
117.64 (75.56)
116.32 (76.36)
0.02
86.61 (80.25)
86.61 (80.39)
0.00
N of days in database anytime prior
...mean (sd)
1,974.76 (1,364.00)
1,826.59 (1,479.87)
0.10
1,995.34 (1,338.60)
1,959.03 (1,335.68)
0.03
851.39 (590.43)
718.16 (409.59)
0.26
1781.03 (1233.73)
1725.88 (1218.17)
0.00
Mean Copay for per prescription cost (charges in U.S. $) (180-1 day prior)
...mean (sd)
20.62 (28.12)
17.60 (21.97)
0.12
15.14 (17.44)
15.12 (24.94)
0.00
109.49 (85.68)
108.86 (92.05)
0.01
32.84 (40.30)
32.69 (45.73)
0.00
...Missing; n (%)
3 (2.8%)
4 (3.7%)
-0.05
615 (4.4%)
599 (4.3%)
0.00
41 (1.3%)
36 (1.1%)
0.02
659 (3.8%)
639 (3.7%)
0.01
Colonoscopy; n (%)
6 (5.6%)
5 (4.7%)
0.04
669 (4.8%)
696 (4.9%)
0.00
154 (4.7%)
166 (5.1%)
-0.02
829 (4.8%)
867 (5.0%)
-0.01
Fecal occult blood (FOB) test; n (%)
4 (3.7%)
3 (2.8%)
0.05
597 (4.2%)
630 (4.5%)
-0.01
80 (2.5%)
78 (2.4%)
0.01
681 (3.9%)
711 (4.1%)
-0.01
Flu vaccine; n (%)
27 (25.2%)
18 (16.8%)
0.21
1,927 (13.7%)
1,898 (13.5%)
0.01
1,023 (31.3%)
1,029 (31.5%)
0.00
2977 (17.1%)
2945 (16.9%)
0.01
Mammogram; n (%)
16 (15.0%)
18 (16.8%)
-0.05
1,810 (12.9%)
1,825 (13.0%)
0.00
472 (14.5%)
498 (15.3%)
-0.02
2298 (13.2%)
2341 (13.4%)
-0.01
Pap smear; n (%)
5 (4.7%)
7 (6.5%)
-0.08
935 (6.6%)
950 (6.8%)
-0.01
122 (3.7%)
126 (3.9%)
-0.01
1062 (6.1%)
1083 (6.2%)
0.00
Pneumonia vaccine; n (%)
33 (30.8%)
22 (20.6%)
0.24
922 (6.6%)
891 (6.3%)
0.01
833 (25.5%)
805 (24.7%)
0.02
1788 (10.3%)
1718 (9.9%)
0.01
PSA test or Prostate exam for DRE; n (%
14 (13.1%)
12 (11.2%)
0.06
1,608 (11.4%)
1,632 (11.6%)
-0.01
409 (12.5%)
408 (12.5%)
0.00
2031 (11.6%)
2052 (11.8%)
-0.01
Bone mineral density; n (%)
4 (3.7%)
4 (3.7%)
0.00
502 (3.6%)
484 (3.4%)
0.01
206 (6.3%)
182 (5.6%)
0.03
712 (4.1%)
670 (3.8%)
0.02
Use of CNS stimulants; n (%)
2 (1.9%)
1 (0.9%)
0.09
95 (0.7%)
130 (0.9%)
-0.02
18 (0.6%)
19 (0.6%)
0.00
115 (0.7%)
150 (0.9%)
-0.02
Use of estrogens, progestins, androgen
16 (15.0%)
8 (7.5%)
0.24
1,199 (8.5%)
1,245 (8.9%)
-0.01
179 (5.5%)
197 (6.0%)
-0.02
1394 (8.0%)
1450 (8.3%)
-0.01
Use of Angiogenesis inhibitors; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
8 (0.1%)
5 (0.0%)
0.04
3 (0.1%)
0 (0.0%)
0.04
11 (0.1%)
5 (0.0%)
0.04
Use of Oral Immunosuppressants; n (%
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
29 (0.2%)
15 (0.1%)
0.03
4 (0.1%)
6 (0.2%)
-0.03
33 (0.2%)
21 (0.1%)
0.03
Use of fondaparinux or Bivalirudin; n (%
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
16 (0.1%)
16 (0.1%)
0.00
2 (0.1%)
11 (0.3%)
-0.04
18 (0.1%)
27 (0.2%)
-0.03
Use of other direct thrombin inhibitors
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
Use of Ticagrelor ON CED; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
3 (0.0%)
2 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
3 (0.0%)
2 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
Use of Ticagrelor; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
5 (0.0%)
7 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
7 (0.2%)
4 (0.1%)
0.03
12 (0.1%)
11 (0.1%)
0.00
Number of D-dimer tests
...mean (sd)
0.01 (0.10)
0.04 (0.23)
-0.17
0.01 (0.10)
0.01 (0.11)
0.00
0.02 (0.15)
0.02 (0.16)
0.00
0.01 (0.11)
0.01 (0.12)
0.00
Numbe of CRP, high-sensitivity CRP tests
...mean (sd)
0.29 (0.73)
0.11 (0.50)
0.29
0.10 (0.41)
0.10 (0.41)
0.00
0.25 (0.80)
0.26 (0.91)
-0.01
0.13 (0.51)
0.13 (0.54)
0.00
Number of PT or aPTTt tests
...mean (sd)
0.93 (1.18)
1.03 (1.34)
-0.08
0.81 (1.23)
0.82 (1.24)
-0.01
0.77 (1.27)
0.75 (1.08)
0.02
0.80 (1.24)
0.81 (1.21)
0.00
Number of Bleeding time tests
...mean (sd)
0.00 (0.00)
0.00 (0.00)
#DIV/0!
0.00 (0.01)
0.00 (0.01)
0.00
0.00 (0.00)
0.00 (0.03)
0.00
0.00 (0.01)
0.00 (0.02)
0.00
HAS-BLED Score (ICD-9 and ICD-10), 180 days
...mean (sd)
3.03 (1.05)
2.98 (1.11)
0.05
2.88 (1.05)
2.89 (1.05)
-0.01
3.76 (0.91)
3.76 (0.93)
0.00
3.05 (1.03)
3.05 (1.03)
0.00
N of Generic name drugs
...mean (sd)
15.08 (13.34)
13.54 (11.69)
0.12
13.67 (10.34)
13.93 (11.31)
-0.02
19.98 (14.50)
20.37 (16.10)
-0.03
14.86 (11.26)
15.13 (12.35)
0.00
N of Brand name drugs
...mean (sd)
3.48 (5.01)
3.21 (3.94)
0.06
3.17 (4.44)
3.43 (3.63)
-0.06
3.03 (5.29)
3.27 (3.97)
-0.05
3.15 (4.61)
3.40 (3.70)
0.00
Use of clopidogrel ; n (%)
3 (2.8%)
2 (1.9%)
0.06
292 (2.1%)
304 (2.2%)
-0.01
156 (4.8%)
156 (4.8%)
0.00
451 (2.6%)
462 (2.6%)
0.00
Systemic embolism; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
11 (0.1%)
10 (0.1%)
0.00
6 (0.2%)
7 (0.2%)
0.00
17 (0.1%)
17 (0.1%)
0.00
DVT; n (%)
2 (1.9%)
1 (0.9%)
0.09
210 (1.5%)
204 (1.5%)
0.00
170 (5.2%)
191 (5.8%)
-0.03
382 (2.2%)
396 (2.3%)
-0.01
Post-thrombotic syndrome; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
** (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
** (0.0%)
** (0.1%)
#DIV/0!
** (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
PE; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
1 (0.9%)
-0.13
52 (0.4%)
51 (0.4%)
0.00
58 (1.8%)
63 (1.9%)
-0.01
110 (0.6%)
115 (0.7%)
-0.01
Coagulation defects; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
172 (1.2%)
168 (1.2%)
#DIV/0!
61 (1.9%)
57 (1.7%)
172 (1.2%)
168 (1.2%)
0.00
Diabetes: 1 inpatient or 2 outpatient cl
14 (13.1%)
21 (19.6%)
-0.18
1,941 (13.8%)
1,944 (13.8%)
0.00
663 (20.3%)
664 (20.3%)
0.00
2618 (15.0%)
2629 (15.1%)
0.00
Intracranial or retroperitoneal hemorr
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
9 (0.1%)
11 (0.1%)
0.00
4 (0.1%)
1 (0.0%)
0.04
13 (0.1%)
12 (0.1%)
0.00
Peptic Ulcer Disease; n (%)
35 (32.7%)
42 (39.3%)
-0.14
3,059 (21.7%)
3,058 (21.7%)
0.00
1,278 (39.1%)
1,271 (38.9%)
0.00
4372 (25.1%)
4371 (25.1%)
0.00
Upper GI bleed; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
17 (0.1%)
15 (0.1%)
0.00
2 (0.1%)
7 (0.2%)
-0.03
19 (0.1%)
22 (0.1%)
0.00
Lower/ unspecified GI bleed; n (%)
1 (0.9%)
2 (1.9%)
-0.09
173 (1.2%)
170 (1.2%)
0.00
8 (0.2%)
9 (0.3%)
-0.02
182 (1.0%)
181 (1.0%)
0.00
Urogenital bleed; n (%)
5 (4.7%)
5 (4.7%)
0.00
339 (2.4%)
358 (2.5%)
-0.01
39 (1.2%)
44 (1.3%)
-0.01
383 (2.2%)
407 (2.3%)
-0.01
Other bleeds; n (%)
34 (31.8%)
34 (31.8%)
0.00
3,581 (25.5%)
3,558 (25.3%)
0.00
972 (29.8%)
945 (28.9%)
0.02
4587 (26.3%)
4537 (26.0%)
0.01
Prior cancer; n (%)
15 (14.0%)
17 (15.9%)
-0.05
978 (7.0%)
1,013 (7.2%)
-0.01
578 (17.7%)
560 (17.2%)
0.01
1571 (9.0%)
1590 (9.1%)
0.00
Antibiotics; n (%)
43 (40.2%)
44 (41.1%)
#DIV/0!
5,663 (40.3%)
5,720 (40.7%)
#DIV/0!
1,684 (51.6%)
1,704 (52.2%)
#DIV/0!
5,663 (40.3%)
5,720 (40.7%)
-0.01
Aspirin; n (%)
3 (2.8%)
9 (8.4%)
-0.25
187 (1.3%)
185 (1.3%)
0.00
11 (0.3%)
9 (0.3%)
0.00
201 (1.2%)
203 (1.2%)
0.00
Aspirin/dipyridamole; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
13 (0.1%)
14 (0.1%)
0.00
4 (0.1%)
5 (0.2%)
-0.03
17 (0.1%)
19 (0.1%)
0.00
Other antiplatelet agents; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
16 (0.1%)
11 (0.1%)
0.00
8 (0.2%)
6 (0.2%)
0.00
24 (0.1%)
17 (0.1%)
0.00
PGP inhibitors; n (%)
17 (15.9%)
16 (15.0%)
0.02
2,289 (16.3%)
2,339 (16.6%)
-0.01
825 (25.3%)
818 (25.1%)
0.00
3131 (18.0%)
3173 (18.2%)
-0.01
Other gastroprotective agents; n (%)
2 (1.9%)
3 (2.8%)
-0.06
190 (1.4%)
201 (1.4%)
0.00
68 (2.1%)
68 (2.1%)
0.00
260 (1.5%)
272 (1.6%)
-0.01
Number of lipid tests ordered 
...mean (sd)
0.55 (0.87)
0.49 (0.65)
0.08
0.46 (0.81)
0.47 (0.81)
-0.01
0.60 (0.75)
0.60 (0.76)
0.00
0.49 (0.80)
0.49 (0.80)
0.00
Proton pump inhibitor; n (%)
25 (23.4%)
28 (26.2%)
-0.06
2,726 (19.4%)
2,771 (19.7%)
-0.01
983 (30.1%)
996 (30.5%)
-0.01
3734 (21.4%)
3795 (21.8%)
-0.01
H2 receptor antagonist; n (%)
** (1.9%)
** (0.9%)
0.09
378 (2.7%)
404 (2.9%)
-0.01
203 (6.2%)
203 (6.2%)
0.00
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Vitamin K therapy; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
** (0.0%)
** (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
0 (0.0%)
1 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Number of INR (prothrombin) tests ordered
...mean (sd)
0.56 (0.66)
0.64 (0.85)
-0.11
0.47 (0.71)
0.46 (0.70)
0.01
0.63 (1.06)
0.61 (0.82)
0.02
0.50 (0.79)
0.49 (0.72)
0.00
Treating prescriber - Cardiologist; n (%
46 (43.0%)
50 (46.7%)
-0.07
4,111 (29.2%)
4,078 (29.0%)
0.00
1,396 (42.8%)
1,355 (41.5%)
0.03
5553 (31.8%)
5483 (31.4%)
0.01
Treating prescriber - Primary Care Phys
88 (82.2%)
75 (70.1%)
0.29
5,479 (39.0%)
5,380 (38.2%)
0.02
1,061 (32.5%)
1,039 (31.8%)
0.01
6628 (38.0%)
6494 (37.2%)
0.02
Appendix B

Treating prescriber - Other; n (%)
107 (100.0%)
107 (100.0%)
#DIV/0!
13,904 (98.8%)
13,911 (98.9%)
-0.01
3,265 (100.0%)
3,263 (99.9%)
0.04
17276 (99.1%)
17281 (99.1%)
0.00
Alpha blockers; n (%)
** (2.8%)
** (4.7%)
-0.10
763 (5.4%)
775 (5.5%)
0.00
339 (10.4%)
344 (10.5%)
0.00
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
CHA2DS2 VASc score, 180 days, V
...mean (sd)
1.57 (1.30)
1.49 (1.21)
0.06
1.68 (1.31)
1.69 (1.33)
-0.01
2.45 (1.23)
2.44 (1.28)
0.01
1.82 (1.30)
1.83 (1.32)
0.00
Use of Prasugrel; n (%)
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
23 (0.2%)
28 (0.2%)
0.00
0 (0.0%)
0 (0.0%)
#DIV/0!
23 (0.1%)
28 (0.2%)
-0.03
Use of Loop Diuretics+other diuretics+
** (6.5%)
** (0.9%)
0.30
924 (6.6%)
958 (6.8%)
-0.01
538 (16.5%)
525 (16.1%)
0.01
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Acute MI + Old MI; n (%)
** (2.8%)
** (3.7%)
-0.05
291 (2.1%)
288 (2.0%)
0.01
200 (6.1%)
180 (5.5%)
0.03
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
ACS/unstable angina + stable angina; n
** (0.9%)
** (1.9%)
-0.09
196 (1.4%)
185 (1.3%)
0.01
87 (2.7%)
97 (3.0%)
-0.02
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Ischemic stroke + TIA + Late effects of c
** (3.7%)
** (1.9%)
0.11
384 (2.7%)
368 (2.6%)
0.01
186 (5.7%)
183 (5.6%)
0.00
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
DVT + PE; n (%)
** (1.9%)
** (1.9%)
0.00
251 (1.8%)
239 (1.7%)
0.01
217 (6.6%)
232 (7.1%)
-0.02
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
Upper GI bleeds + Lower GI bleeds + 
Urogenital bleeds + Other bleeds; n 
(%)
38 (35.5%)
37 (34.6%)
0.02
3,971 (28.2%)
3,956 (28.1%)
0.00
1,002 (30.7%)
985 (30.2%)
0.01
5011 (28.7%)
4978 (28.5%)
0.00
Appendix B