Effect Of Kinesio Tape Versus Knee Strap on Osgood Schlatter Disease in Athletic Children
Phase: NA
Conditions: Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Sponsor: Kafrelsheikh University

 
 
 
 
 
EFFECT OF KINESIO 
TAPE VERSUS KNEE 
STRAP ON OSGOOD 
SCHLATTER DISEASE 
IN 
ATHHELETIC 
CHILDERN 
2025 
ahmed hosny 

 
       Kafrelsheikh University  
      Faculty of Physical Therapy 
Department of Physical Therapy for pediatric  
 
EFFECT OF KINESIO TAPE VERSUS KNEE STRAP ON 
OSGOOD SCHLATTER DISEASE IN ATHHELETIC 
CHILDERN 
Protocol Thesis Submitted for partial fulfilment for requirement of 
master’s degree in  
department of physical therapy for pediatric. 
Faculty of physical therapy 
Kafrelsheikh university 
2024 
By  
 
Ahmed Hosny Ibrahim Eldersy 
                                          Physiotherapist at Samannoud hospital 
                       Supervisors  
Ass.Prof. Dr . Mohamed Beder Ibrahim 
 Dr. Samar Taher Elbasuony Elbanna 
    Ass. Professor of Physical Therapy of pediatrics 
     Lecturer of physical therapy of pediatrics 
                   Faculty of Physical Therapy 
                       Kafr Elshekh university 
     Faculty of physical therapy  
         Kafr Elshekh university  
Dr.  Ahmed Salah Ghorab 
     Lecturer department of orthopaedic Surgery 
Faculty of medicine 
Zagazig university 

 
 
INTRODUCTION 
     Osgood Schlatter disease is a traction apophysitis of the tibial tuberosity caused 
by the repetitive pull of the patellar tendon on the tibia. This condition was 
described separately and simultaneously by Robert Osgood and Carl Schlatter in 
1903, as a lesion where the tibial tubercle separates due to repetitive strain by the 
patellar tendon and becomes tender. Kicking, jumping, sprinting sports, history of 
previous Sever’s disease and lower limbs muscle tightness are among the risk 
factors that have been associated with Osgood Schlatter’s disease, it is one of the 
leading causes of anterior knee pain in children and adolescents. Usually, patient 
history and physical examination are enough for diagnosis. It can be easily 
recognized when you find local pain, swelling, and tenderness on the tuberosity, in 
one or both knees.(1) 
     Osgood Schlatter disease (OSD) is a common paediatric disorder. It is a growth- 
and sports-associated knee injury with pain around the tibial tuberosity and 
morphology alterations around the apophysis during adolescent growth. It often 
results from acute or chronic overload during sports activity, causing inflammation 
of the patellar tendon insertion on the tibial tuberosity. It was first described in 
1903 independently by Osgood in the US and by Schlatter in Switzerland. 
Classically, the clinical presentation is associated with insidious onset (usually 
atraumatic) of anterior functional knee pain over the tibial tuberosity along with a 
bony prominence, as well as tenderness at the patellar tendon insertion site.(2) 
     Osgood-Schlatter disease occurs during the apophyseal phase between ages 12 
and 15 in boys and 8 and 12 in girls. During the maturation phase, the cartilage 

 
cells of the proximal part of the tuberosity migrate distally, replacing the fibro 
cartilage in the middle part. This makes the tuberosity unable to withstand the 
force exerted by the quadriceps, resulting in micro-avulsions, with secondary 
ossification. These bone fragments are incorporated secondarily into the remainder 
of the tibial tuberosity, which can result it sequelae of an enlarged tuberosity, in 
rare cases, the fragments are not incorporated and intra tendinous bone fragments 
can remain after growth stops, which must then be surgically removed. The pain 
usually occurs during and after physical activity and might be associated with local 
swelling. Many patients are completely asymptomatic, with less than 25% of 
patients reporting pain at the tibial tuberosity apophysis. The age of onset is 
between 8 and 15 years. Boys have it more often than girls, with a male-to-female 
ratio of 3:1. The prevalence of OD is 9.8%, and it can be bilateral in 20–30% of 
patients. Many risk factors and activities have been associated with the increase of 
incidence of the pathology.(3) 
     Treatment is generally conservative with rest, ice, and specific exercises being 
recommended. Involves limiting activity until inflammation resolves and exercises 
that strengthen the surrounding musculature to reduce stress across the tibial 
tuberosity., treatment with PRICE protocol (Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, 
Elevation) physical therapy and strict activity modification was initiated. Surgical 
removal of the ossicles was considered.(1,2) 
     Knee strap can immobilize and protect joints, reduce pain, decrease swelling, 
and facilitate healing of acute injuries. They are also used for injury prevention and 
chronic pain reduction. Infrapatellar strapping is a treatment technique used in 
various knee pathologies; however, its effect on pain and functional performance 
among young athletes has not been studied. 

 
     Kinesio Taping is effective in improving for pain and joint function in patients 
with knee osteoarthritis. 
Kinesiology Tape is used in treatment of muscle, fascia, and tendon symptoms and 
for performance enhancement by way of continuous receptor stimulation. Natural 
healing process is therefore instantly enhanced due to improved circulation in the 
taped area. When a muscle is inflamed, swollen, or stiff, the space between the skin 
and the muscle is compressed, resulting in constriction and congestion to the flow 
of lymphatic fluid and blood circulation. This compression applies pressure to the 
pain receptors located in the space between the skin and the muscle, which in turn 
relays discomfort signals to the brain resulting in the sense of ‘pain’ of affected 
area.  If you stretch the skin of the affected area before the application of 
Kinesiology Tape the taped area will form wrinkles when the applied area is back 
to its normal or neutral position. The wrinkling effect formed by Kinesiology Tape 
is essential since this lifting of the skin creates more space for lymph and blood 
flow. Therefore, the lymph drainage as well as blood circulation in the affected 
area can be improved effectively through taping application. Eventually, the 
friction between the tissues beneath the skin is decreased due to the promoted 
movement of lymphatic fluid and blood circulation. Pain is reduced because the 
pressure on the pain receptors is lessened. The end results are believed to be 
reduced muscle fatigue, increase in range of motion (ROM), and better quality of 
muscle contraction. 
 
 
 

 
Statement of the problem  
     Are there any significant differences between the effects of using Kinesio tape 
and knee strap on pain management, range of motion and quadriceps muscle 
power.  
Purpose of the study  
     This study will be conducted to evaluate the effect of using Kinesio tape versus 
strapping the knee on pain management, range of motion and quadriceps muscle 
power.  
Significance of the study  
      The prevalence of Osgood Schlatter disease ranges from 6.8% to 33%, affecting 
1 in 10 athletic adolescents, and depends on factors such as the degree of 
development, the sport discipline or the presence of preventive programs, the hours 
of sports practice, Symptoms can persist until adulthood in 10% of cases 
Additionally, between 20% and 30% of all cases are bilateral.(4) 
     Osgood-Schlatter disease occurs during the apophyseal phase, During the 
maturation (apophyseal) phase, the cartilage cells of the proximal part of the 
tuberosity migrate distally, replacing the fibro cartilage in the middle part. This 
makes the tuberosity unable to withstand the force exerted by the quadriceps, 
resulting in micro-avulsions, with secondary ossification. These bone fragments 
are incorporated secondarily into the remainder of the tibial tuberosity, which can 
result it sequelae of an enlarged tuberosity resulting in micro-avulsions, with 
secondary ossification. These bone fragments are incorporated secondarily into the 

 
remainder of the tibial tuberosity, which can result it sequelae of an enlarged 
tuberosity.(5) 
     Physical therapy has very important role in pain management and prevent 
limitation of range of motion and keep muscle strength using physical therapy 
modalities such as ultrasound, exercise, cold application, heat application, taping 
and strapping. Pain limited activities, patient education, Iontophoresis, anti-
inflammatory medication, local anaesthetic, heating with hot packs (anterior and 
posterior thigh) followed by quadriceps and or hamstring stretching, strengthening 
of the quadriceps, ice massage. (Mild pain): ice, limitation of activities, NSAIDs, 
protective knee padding, physical therapy to strengthen and improve flexibility 
(quadriceps, hamstring, iliotibial band, gastrocnemius). Not recommended 
initially: high-intensity, quadriceps-strengthening exercise. (Moderate to severe 
pain): activity modification, rest, NSAIDs, Immobilisation, Rest, ice, compression, 
elevation (RICE), warming up before activity, icing after activity, rest, activity 
modification, infrapatellar strap, anti-inflammatory medication, physiotherapy, 
stretching (hamstring, calf, hip), immobilisation (cast). Pain relief, doing virtually 
nothing to numerous surgical manoeuvres; rest, strapping, immobilisation (cast), 
rarely: surgical treatment.(1,3) 
    Other Therapy management is based on the clinical classification. Grade 1 and 2 
(pain symptoms are completely reduced after the end of sports activities) parent 
education, modification of sports activities, NSAIDs, ice, hamstring stretching, 
shock absorbing insoles. Grade 3 (pain does not disappear between sports 
activities): rest, immobilisation in a cast, specific rehabilitation program. Surgery 
only in rare cases (excision of ossicles). Not recommended: local injection of 
corticosteroids.(2,3) 

 
      Kinesio Taping is frequently used in the field of rehabilitation as a means of 
treatment for knee injuries however much of the evidence is contradictory. Taping 
is one of the adjunct treatments that we as physiotherapists might use with patients 
in combination with well supported techniques such as patient education and 
exercise therapy.  There is good reason to use taping for sporting injuries of the 
knee.(6) 
      Patellar tendon strap is prescribed for patient who experience pain in front of 
knee caused by injury of the patellar tendon. The strap keeps the knee in proper 
alignment to reduce pain, as the strap redistribute tension inside the tendon The use 
of the infrapatellar strap was effective in reducing local pain among young male 
athletes without altering jumping parameters. Although no immediate effects were 
observed on jumping parameters, it can be assumed that the reduction in pain will 
cause better performance of the athlete during practice or match. Given its low 
cost, ease of use, and the fact that it is an appropriate intervention for young 
athletes, the infrapatellar strap can be recommended to use during physical activity 
in addition to other physical therapy modalities (e.g. appropriate exercise and 
manual therapy) for patellar tendinopathy.(7) 
Hypotheses  
     This study will test the following hypothesis: 
There will be no significant differences between the effects Kinesio tape and knee 
strap on pain management in Osgood Schlatter disease.  
 
 

 
Basic assumptions  
     It is assumed that: All the children in will cooperate during the evaluation and 
treatment. All children will recognize and follow verbal orders and commands 
included in both testing and training techniques. 
Delimitations  
  
    
   This study will be delimited to:  
1. Thirty-eight young athletes with age range from 9 to 15 years with Osgood 
Schlatter disease. 
2. Children will be randomly allocated into two equal groups; Group A will 
receive knee strap, while Group (B) will receive Kinesio tape.  
3. In addition to the traditional exercise program given to both groups.  
4. All children will receive three sessions per week for twelve weeks.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
LITERATURE REVIEW 
     This study will compare the use of Kinesio tape versus knee strap on pain 
management and quadriceps muscle power on Osgood Schlatter disease. 
Osgood Schlatter disease 
     Osgood Schlatter disease is defined as a separation of the tibial tubercle 
apophysis from the proximal end of the tibia. This lesion may have a history of 
trauma or may present without a significant recognizable injury. KatzI4 classifies 
this entity as a no articular osteochondrosis involving the quadriceps 
muscle/tendon insertion secondary to excessive muscle pull. Citing the same 
mechanism of increased quadriceps pull on the adolescent tubercle, Smillie28 
describes Osgood Schlatter disease as a traction apophysitis. Dorland's Medical 
Dictionary gives as a synonym "apophysitis tibialis adolescent," while Christie4 
states that the radiographically evident bone changes make it a disease entity. He 
adds that poor epiphyseal nourishment during a time of rapid growth can lead to 
the onset. However, histological studies of nine specimens indicate no evidence of 
primary aseptic necrosis in any of the tubercles examined. Increased stress on the 
weak link of the adolescent knee extensor mechanism accounts for the symptoms 
experienced by those patients with this lesion.(8) 
     Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD), also known as Lannelongue disease is a type 
of osteochondrosis first described by Osgood and Schlatter in 1903. In most cases, 
Osgood-Schlatter disease is a clinical diagnosis with locally painful alterations 
around the tibial tuberosity apophysis. It results in knee pain, often severe enough 
to cause limping, sometimes accompanied by swelling or deformity, and frequently 
resulting in long-term symptoms with functional impairment. Patients experience 

 
pain on descending stairs, after prolonged periods of sitting with the knee 
immobile, while kneeling, and during sports activities. Its manifestation coincides 
with the development of the secondary ossification centre of the anterior tibial 
tuberosity (apophyseal phase), which usually occurs at around age 9 in girls and 11 
in boys. However, symptoms usually first appear between ages 8 and 12 among the 
former, and between 12 and 15 among the latter. Despite this, cases in adults have 
been reported. Osgood Schlatter disease has been associated with other pathologies 
and alterations, such as compartment syndrome, meniscal and patellar tendon 
injuries or hyperactivity and attention deficit. In addition, nearly 40% of patients 
reported pain after long-term follow up, which may lead to consequences such as 
the chronification of knee pain and the appearance of tendinosis, which, in turn, 
will end up conditioning the application of surgical techniques. The development 
of Osgood-Schlatter disease is thought to be the result of repetitive high forces 
being transferred from the quadriceps muscle to the insertion of the patellar tendon 
on the weak apophyseal cartilage of the tibial tuberosity. This can result in pain 
during contractions of the quadriceps during activities that load the knee such as 
jumping and running.(9) 
     Physical examination, ultrasound, and a lateral X-ray (figure 1) showing the 
fragmentation and separation of the tibial tuberosity apophysis, were performed in 
a standardized clinically common manner by author one, an experienced paediatric 
and sport orthopaedist alone. Body height (cm) and weight (kg) were measured to 
calculate the body-mass-index (BMI). Rectus femoris muscle shortening was 
measured in the prone position (heel-buttock) and classified according to patients’ 
height into normal (10%).(3) 

 
                                       
     
(Figure. 1) knee X-ray (3) 
     Symptoms can persist for 12 to 18 months and commonly resolve with skeletal 
maturity Conservative treatments include controlled immobilization, stretching, 
and reduction of activity, which are the preferred methods of treatment. Anti-
inflammatory drugs can also be used for acute symptom relief. There have been 
several studies on injection of dextrose, lidocaine, or autologous conditioned 
plasma into the patellar tendon to provide symptomatic relief as well. Although 
conservative therapy is the mainstay treatment of Osgood-Schlatter disease, 
surgical intervention may be necessary for patients whose symptoms do not resolve 
with skeletal maturity. A small percentage of patients develop an ossicle and 
painful bump despite closure of the growth plates and are indicated for surgery. At 
our institution, 6 patients presented with persistent symptoms past skeletal maturity 
and were indicated for surgery. Osgood Schlatter is a common condition in sports 
medicine, and there is a lack of management strategies that have been evaluated in 
research. (Figure 2) lateral view of Osgood Schlatter patient. Irregular ossification 

 
and fragmentation of the tibial tubercle and calcification and thickening of the 
patellar tendon.(8,9) 
                     
 
(figure 2) Osgood Schlatter disease, lateral view(8). 
HISTOLOGY 
     Microscopic examination of bony ossicles removed at surgery indicates that the 
separation is due to increased tension over a small area of tendon insertion. All 
nine cases studied by LaZerte and RappI demonstrated an anterior cortical bone 
defect of the tubercle, in addition to increased vascularization of the infrapatellar 
tendon surrounding the ossicles.(10) 
 
 

 
Causes 
   Factors of Osgood Schlatter disease and its progression include growth spurt, the 
specificity of the sport practiced, early sports specialization, sports training 
conducted in inappropriate conditions, with high volume and intensity, and poor 
general motor preparation with a lack of training focused on muscle strength 
development.(3,5) 
Classification of Osgood Schlatter disease 
    Type 1: cartilage swelling alone Hypoechoic zone superficial to the apophysis of 
the anterior tibial tubercle representing pretibial cartilaginous swelling with 
forward displacement of the subcutaneous tissues and elevation of the patellar 
tendon from the tibial outline on the longitudinal view.(1,4) 
     Type 2: cartilage swelling and bony changes A fragmented and hypoechoic 
ossification center in addition to the abovementioned findings. (1,4) 
 
     Type 3: associated tendinitis Diffuse thickening of the insertion of the patellar 
tendon with or without vacuolation. (1,4) 
     Type 4: associated bursitis Fluid collection in the retrotendineal soft tissue 
representing infrapatellar bursitis.(1,4) 
Differential diagnoses of OSD include. 
there are some diseases affecting the knee joint and have some of the Osgood 
Schlatter manifestations such as Sinding-Larsen Johansson (SJS) disease, Hoffa’s 

 
fat pad impingement syndrome, fracture of the tibial tuberosity, infrapatellar 
bursitis, patellar tendonitis. 
   (a) Sinding-Larsen Johansson (SJS) disease. which is an overuse disorder seen in 
skeletally immature adolescents, on the same spectrum as Osgood-Schlatter 
disease (OSD). SLJ is caused by weakness at the tibial tubercle apophysis, leading 
to stress at the patellar apophysis. Like other overuse disorders, the mechanism 
behind this is thought to be quadriceps tightness. 
   (b) Hoffa’s fat pad impingement syndrome. Which has been defined as 
impingement of Hoffa’s fat pad, leading to oedema and fibrosis. The primary aim 
of this systematic review was to identify morphological differences in Hoffa’s fat 
pad between patients with and without Hoffa’s fat pad syndrome, evaluating them 
as risk factors predisposing to its development. The secondary aim was to 
summarize and evaluate current evidence pertaining to the management of Hoffa’s 
fat pad syndrome. 
    (c) fracture of the tibial tuberosity. Traumatic Tibial tuberosity fracture (TTF) is 
an uncommon injury occurring mostly in adolescents.  
    (d) infrapatellar bursitis. The common causes of bursitis are overuse, direct 
trauma or repetitive microtrauma, crystal disease, haemorrhage, infection, and 
systemic inflammation. 
    (e) patellar tendonitis. Patellar tendinopathy is an overuse injury of the patellar 
tendon frequently affecting athletes involved in jumping sports. The tendinopathy 
may progress to partial patellar tendon tears. Current classifications of patellar 
tendinopathy are based on symptoms and do not provide satisfactory evidence-
based treatment guidelines.(10) 

 
 
Treatment of Osgood Schlatter disease 
     Treatment is generally conservative with rest, ice, and specific exercises being 
recommended. Involves limiting activity until inflammation resolves and 
exercises that strengthen the surrounding musculature to reduce stress across the 
tibial tuberosity. With our patient, treatment with PRICE protocol (Protection, 
Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) physical therapy and strict activity modify 
cation was initiated. Surgical removal of the ossicles was considered. continues to 
have persistent pain with kneeling and occasional flares of acute pain over the 
tibial tuberosity with squatting and on long distance walking. Surgical treatment 
of unresolved Osgood-Schlatter disease. For symptomatic patients after closure of 
the growth plate, removal of the ossicle and adjacent bursae, smoothing down the 
bump with a burr, and repairing the reflected patella tendon to bone using suture 
anchors. The outcomes were excellent in all patients with no complications.(1,5) 
      Braces and splints can immobilize and protect joints, reduce pain, decrease 
swelling, and facilitate healing of acute injuries. They are also used for injury 
prevention and chronic pain reduction, and to alter the function of a joint. The 
medial unloading (valgus) knee brace is an option for patients with medial knee 
osteoarthritis, but evidence of long-term benefit is limited. The patellar stabilizing 
brace helps maintain proper patellar alignment but has mixed results in treating 
patellofemoral pain syndrome. The patellar tendon strap is effective in treating 
pain from patellar tendinopathy. The knee immobilizing splint is used after 
surgery to prevent reinjury and for acute or presurgical management of 
quadriceps rupture, patellar tendon rupture, medial collateral ligament rupture, 
patellar fracture or dislocation, and other acute traumatic knee injuries.(8,10) 

 
 
Knee strap 
     Strap like band surround the tibial tuberosity, (figure 3) apply support 
pressure, reduce pain, decrease swelling, and facilitate healing. They are also 
used for injury prevention and chronic pain reduction, Patellar 
bracing/strapping is commonly used for pain reduction in patients suffering 
from patello-femoral pain. This concept has been supported by several 
studies. however, its effect on pain and functional improvement in patellar 
tendinopathy has not been studied extensively, and a lack of evidence exists 
as to its effectiveness. the effect of the infrapatellar strap on pain and jumping 
performance among young athletes diagnosed with patellar tendinopathy. the 
use of infrapatellar strap decreased pain severity reported by the participants 
in two out of four jumping tests. exhibiting the highest significant change in 
pain severity. These findings are consistent with de Vries et al.20 who studied 
the short-term effect of infrapatellar strap and tape on pain in individuals with 
patellar tendinopathy during the single leg decline squat, vertical jump test, 
and triple hop test. significant decrease in pain score while using the strap. In 
addition, studies compared the strap to other tapes, finding no differences 
between conditions claiming that any orthosis during sport can reduce pain in 
patellar tendinopathy. examining the effect of infrapatellar strap on 
quadriceps’ muscle activity, lower extremities kinetics, and pain during 
jumping performance. result showed decreased pain severity while using the 
strap, reduced knee adductor moment, and lower activation of vastus lateralis 
prior to landing. studies compared individuals with patellar tendinopathy to 
healthy control using electromyography and motion analysis lab.(7) 

 
 
 
(Figure 3) knee strap(7) 
Kinesio tape 
is an elastic therapeutic and sporting tape for Kinesiology Taping Method, which is 
worldwide technique being used in many sporting fields as successfully as with 
patients in a physiotherapeutic setting and designed to the same thickness and 
elasticity of the epidermis (out layer) of the skin with longitudinal stretch of 
30~40% of its resting length. Kinesio tape is a popular method used to manage 
knee pain and improve knee stability, relief pain for knee arthritis (figure 4), 
improve knee range of motion and decrease pain in osteoarthritis, decrease pain in 
patellofemoral syndrome improve joint position sense, reduce Kinesio phobia, 
improve proprioception and correct mascle imbalance, movement pattern, 

 
providing external feedback, encourage proper alignment and reduce stress on the 
knee joint during movement and activity.(11) 
     Recently there are so many studies on the effect on the Kinesio tape application 
on muscle performance, joint support and decrease pain but there are no studies 
known to our knowledge on the application on Kinesio tape on Osgood Schlatter 
disease. While Application of therapeutic Kinesio tape is effective in improving 
isokinetic quadriceps torque and reducing pain in knee osteoarthritis.(12) 
                              
                     
    
(Figure 4) knee Kinesio tapping.(12) 
The basic applications of Kinesio-tape are: ‘’I’’ - strong tape with the biggest 
effort, the tension is focused directly on the target tissue (therapeutic area), for 
stabilizing of joints. ‘Y’ with less effort than the ‘’I’’ application, the tension is 
under the bar and between the two ends of the target tissue. It is U used for the 
ligament and tendon techniques, corrective, myofascial, for wrapping the muscle, 
mechanical correction, for supporting the superficial fascia. ‚ ‘X’ the tension is 

 
focused on the target tissue between the two double edges. Works on a small space 
– rhomboids, elbow injury, fascia. With it we gather a maximum amount of tissue 
together. ‚ ‘FAN CUT’ this application is with very low effort. Used for oedema, 
for improving blood and lymph circulation. In sport – for reducing the muscle 
tension and fatigue - for example riding - inlays on the quadriceps 1-2 pieces ‚ 
‘FAN CUT’ on foot and affects 15 to 20 min. It has been proven that the effect is 
better than the massage. ‘’WEB CUT’’ - is also used to reduce the oedema, but it is 
stronger than ‘FAN CUT’. It is U used in strains - myofascial bursitis, sports 
trauma, for pain reduction, etc. Tension of the “Kinesio Tech’’ bar: 0 – 10 % - 
effects on the myofascial 10 – 15 % - inhibition of the myofascial 15 – 25 % - 
facilitates the myofascial 25 – 35 % - corrective techniques 50 – 75 % - tendon, 
ligament, mechanical corrections 75 – 100 % - for mechanical corrections and 
ligament techniques 0 % - on the edges of the application, which should be 
approximately 5 cm long each. In presence of the areas with a concentration of 
lymph nodes, lots of sensory areas and concentration of receptors - the tension is 
low or the application there is to be avoided. Generally, applications affect 
optimally for 3 to 4 days. But when the tension is high 75% - 100%, 12 to 24 hours 
are enough.(11,13) 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
MATERIALS AND METHODS 
This study will be conducted at the Outpatient clinics, Faculty of Physical Therapy 
Kafrelsheikh University to compare the effects of Kinesio tape and strapping on 
pain management in Osgood Schlatter disease. 
Ethical consideration  
     The study's protocol will be reviewed and approved by the Research Ethical 
Committee, Faculty of Physical Therapy Kafrelsheikh University.  
      Statical analysis 
Sample size.  
     Children will be randomly allocated into two equal groups; Group A will 
receive Kinesio tape, while Group (B) will receive knee strap.  
     Using G-power for windows and regarding t-test study, alpha level of 0.05, the 
total sample size will be 38 children (19 in each group) 
To avoid selection bias, the children will be randomly allocated by simple random 
method via choosing one of two wrapped cards representing the two treatment 
groups, which are:  
    Group (A): will receive Kinesio tape in addition to the traditional program.  
    Group (B): will receive knee strap in addition to the traditional program.  
 
     To detect sample size (n) using the equation        

 
 
where α = 0.05, p = 0.1, d = 0.098, σ = 0.3 
Inclusion criteria  
    Children will be included in the study if they fulfil the following criteria:  
1) A medical diagnosis with Osgood Schlatter disease was made by paediatricians 
or paediatric orthopaedist. 
2) Number of the participate children will be 38 children. 
3) Age ranges from 9 to 15 years. 
Exclusion criteria  
     Children will be excluded from the study if:  
1) They had a permanent deformity (bony or soft tissue contractures).  
2) Children have visual or auditory defects.  
3) Children with intelligence quotient less than 70.  
4) Children who had undergone a previous surgical intervention to knee joint.  
5) A history of epileptic seizure and any diagnosed cardiac or orthopaedic 
disability that may prevent the use of assessment methods.  
6) Children who are absent in two sessions. 
 
Assessment  
Pain, range of motion, muscle strength and functional test. Pre and post treatment 
for both groups 
1. Pain assessment using visual analogue scale. it is widely used to assess pain 
using straight horizontal line with a fixed length usually 100mm, the two 
2
2
)
1(
d
p
p
z
n
c
−
=

 
ends of the line represent the extreme limits of the parameter being 
measured, the left end represent the worst condition while the right end 
represent the best condition. (14) 
 
2. Range of motion using electrical goniometer. Universal goniometer in 
clinical evaluations of patients (as they are easy to be employed) and electro 
goniometer in laboratory studies (as they are more accurate) are reliable to 
test the knee range of motion.(15) 
 
3. Muscle strength as the quadriceps muscle may be weaker due to limitation 
of exercise as pain persists. Lafayette Manual Muscle Tester to test maximal 
isometric knee extension and flexion. For knee extension, the subject sat in a 
chair. straps across the chest, directly under each arm, across the pelvis, and 
over the thigh at a point 6 to 8 cm proximal to the superior aspect of the 
patella. Each strap was adjusted to ensure subject stability and to prevent 
extraneous movement. With the knee fully extended, the Manual Muscle 
tester was placed between the examiner's hand and the subject's leg, four to 
six cm proximal to the malleoli We applied a downward force over 1 second 
to allow the subject to adjust and recruit the maximum amount of muscle 
fibers. Additional force was applied until the muscle contraction began to 
break and the limb began to lower. Further force completely lowered the 
limb, and the test ended before the limb touched the chair, instructed the 
child that the test was over when the limb had been lowered. Testing lasted 
no longer than 3 seconds. The peak force achieved was recorded as the 
maximum strength effort for that motion.(16) 
4. single leg triple hops Functional scale to evaluate the activity pre and post 
treatment for both groups.(17) 

 
Treatment  
The treatment protocol will be repeated for 12 weeks. 
1) The traditional exercise program (given to both groups):  
❖ Stretching exercise aims to maintain length and flexibility of shorten muscles.  
❖ Strengthening exercise aims to improve the functional ability.  
❖ Balance training program aims to improve balance.  
(2) Kinesio tape. 2 days on, one day off with mixed Y and I shape application. 
(figure 5) (11) 
 
(Figure 5) tapping shapping. (11) 
(3) knee strap. All daytime wearing and resting at night. Strapping will add support 
to the patellar tendon at the site of insertion at the tibial tuberosity. 
Procedures   

 
All the patient will collected form the clinic of kafrelsheik physical therapy clinic. 
the number of 38 will be randomised divided to two groups each of 19 young 
athletes age from 9 to 15 years old. assessment will take place pre and post 
treatment.  
Data collection and statistical analysis 
A. Data collection pre and post treatment. 
Data of all children in both groups will be collected and include:   
1. Name, serial number, age (years), weight (kg), height. 
2. Visual analogue scale for pain evaluation pre and post treatment. 
3. Range of motion with Electrical goniometer to evaluate range of motion. 
4. Muscle power using Lafayette Manual Muscle Tester to evaluate muscle power. 
B. Statistical analysis  
For testing the study hypotheses, the following statistical methods will be used:  
Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) of the demographic data of all 
patients in both groups. The suitable statistical tests will be used according to the 
nature of the collected data. Level of significance for all tests will be set at p-value 
p = 0.1. (18) 
 
 
 

 
Reference 
(1) Neuhaus, C., Appenzeller-Herzog, C., & Faude, O. (2021). A systematic 
review on conservative treatment options for OSGOOD-Schlatter disease. In 
Physical Therapy in Sport (Vol. 49, pp. 178–187). Churchill Livingstone. 
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.03.002 
 
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 جامعه كفر الشيخ 
 كليه العالج الطبيعي 
 قسم العالج الطبيعي لألطفال 
 
 
 
 تأثير
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 تأثير رباط
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 التهاب النتوء االعلى لعظمه
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:خطه بحث مقدمه من الباحث 
 
أحمد حسني ابراهيم الدرسي 
 
 أخصائي العالج الطبيعي
ب مستشفى سمنود المركزي 
 
 هيئه االشراف 
 
د/ سمر طاه
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 مدرس العالج الطبيعي لألطفال 
 
 
 كليه العالج الطبيعي 
 
 
     
  
                   جامعه كفر الشيخ 
           
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د/ محمد بدير ابراهيم 
 أستاذ مساعد العالج الطبيعي لألطفال 
 كليه العالج الطبيعي 
 
 جامعه كفر الشيخ 
 د. احمد صالح غراب 
 
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