I want to know the answer to the following question:
In which year did Long publish his study?
All the background I'm provided with is that "At the same time, affirmative action itself is both morally and materially costly: 52 percent of white populace (compared to 14 percent of black) thought it should be abolished, implying white distaste of using racial identity, and full-file review is expected to cost the universities an additional $1.5 million to $2 million per year, excluding possible cost of litigation.". Is that enough to answer the question?
Answer: no