I want to know the answer to the following question:
During what century did the Investiture Controversy occur?
All the background I'm provided with is that "The ideals that it was based upon were brought to the papacy by Pope Leo IX (pope 1049–1054), and provided the ideology of the clerical independence that led to the Investiture Controversy in the late 11th century.". Is that enough to answer the question?
Answer: yes