Take the following as truth: Vatican II gave rise to a less hierarchical and more outward-looking Catholicism and set the stage for once-unthinkable innovations like plainclothes nuns and the celebration of the Mass in English and other modern languages.
Then the following statement: "Vatican II's changes to Catholicism were borne out of necessity because the church was concerned about losing members." is true, false, or inconclusive?
Answer: Inconclusive