Title: Traditional menstruation practices among Nepalese women living in Japan
Version: 2 Date: 30 Apr 2022
Reviewer:  Hassan Abduljabbar
Reviewer's report:
Title: Traditional menstruation practices among Nepalese women living in Japan
Keywords: traditional menstruation practices, Nepal, Japan, immigrants, reproductive health,
menstrual hygiene management
Generally
The title reflects the study accurately.;( Traditional menstruation practices among Nepalese
women living in Japan)
Subject it involves an interesting and important subject
It is not original
• Tan DA, Haththotuwa R, Fraser IS. Cultural aspects and mythologies surrounding menstruation
and abnormal uterine bleeding. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology.
2017 Apr 1;40:121-33.
• Renne EP. 12 Menstruation Sociocultural perspectives. The Routledge Handbook of
Anthropology and Reproduction. 2021 Nov 9.
The message of the study is good and will have additional knowledge of the medical literature.
Abstract
Background:
The Traditional menstruation practices in Nepal (Chhaupadiin Nepalese) lack scientific support
and undermine women’s health. This study aimed to understand the changes in the traditional
menstruation practices due to migration from Nepal to Japan.
It is straightforward and easy to understand.
It is a good summary. It is well written
This study aimed to understand the changes in the traditional menstruation practices due to
migration from Nepal to Japan.
It is straightforward and easy to understand.
Method
Participants
This cross-sectional study was
conducted between April 2016 and August 2016,and
included Nepalese women,
aged 20 to 45 years, living in Osaka and Hyogo prefectures in western Japan.
The study included a questionnaire, which evaluated demographic characteristics
(present age,
age when they started living in Japan,
length of stay in Japan,
religion,
educational level,
and caste) and
the frequencies of traditional menstruation practices while living in Nepal and Japan.
At the end of the questionnaire, we also asked the participants
“Please write any comments you may feel regarding the difficulties or differences in menstrual
practices between Nepal and Japan.”
Researchers of Osaka University extracted the descriptions of traditional menstruation practices
in Nepal from previous studies [1, 2, 3, 12] and discussed them with two Nepalese individuals
living in Japan (a research assistant and a translator).
Traditional menstruation practices consisted of six categories and following five restrictions:
(1) restriction of religious behaviours, (the inability to go to temples or attend religious events
and weddings),
(2)restriction of contact with others (the inability to interact with or attend to others, particularly
male family members),
(3)restriction of cooking and eating (the inability tocook, use the kitchen, usecookware, touch
fruit or fruit trees, or eat nutritious food),
(4) restriction of living place (the inability toliveat home, use the bedroom, or go to public places
and others’ homes), and (5) restriction of sanitary behaviours (the inability to shower or use new
sanitary napkins). This study included 104 Nepalese women of reproductive age
living in an urban area of western Japan.
Participants were recruited using snowball sampling,
and the method of data collection was a questionnaire survey.
To examine how Nepalese women adapt traditional menstruation practices to their living
environment, we compared how women followed frequently 17 traditional practices when they
lived in Nepal and later in Japan.
We examined the relationships among behavioural changes in traditional practices, education
level, and caste.
Results:
The frequency of 14 of the 17 traditional practices decreased after the women moved to Japan.
Among women who reduced the frequency of traditional practices after moving from Nepal to
Japan,the reduction was not associated with educational level or caste of the participants.
Conclusion:
This study suggests that the attitudes towards the traditional menstruation practices change in
response to living circumstances. Future studies should focus on determiningliving environment
factors related to behavioural changes in traditional practices.
The study is written in simple (English language with few spelling and grammar mistakes.)
Methods This cross-sectional study was
conducted between April 2016 and August 2016,and
included Nepalese women,
aged 20 to 45 years, living in Osaka and Hyogo prefectures in western Japan.
Sample size
Plagiarism .. There are some sentences in the manuscript taken from the web
No conflicts of interests
Ethically approved
Results
The frequency of 14 of the 17 traditional practices decreased after the women moved to Japan.
Among women who reduced the frequency of traditional practices after moving from Nepal to
Japan, the reduction was not associated with educational level or caste of the participants.
Conclusions:
This study suggests that the attitudes towards the traditional menstruation practices change in
response to living circumstances.
Future studies should focus on determining living environment factors related to behavioural
changes in traditional practices.
References 27 some not checked and not validated or not checked)