Reviewer’s report
Title: 
Longitudinal determinants of anal intercourse among women with, and
without HIV in the United States
Version: 
1 
Date: 
21 Mar 2022
Reviewer's report:
This is a well-written clear presentation of an interesting study. 
I have the
following suggestions:
Introduction:
The way the introduction is worded implies that AI is generally an activity
engaged in by women who exhibit other higher-risk sexual behaviors and
therefore implies that it is never a chosen behavior undertaken for pleasure by
women. 
However, some qualitative studies (for example:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-014-0367-2) have shown that
some women did endorse positive feelings from AI and that this was an activity
reserved for certain partners. 
I suggest considering expanding the introduction
just a little bit to consider that motivations to engage in AI could be both positive
and negative, and not necessarily only associated with high-risk
behaviors/situations.
Methods:
Please justify why race and ethnicity were included as covariates in the model. 
If
they are retained, please refer to them separately (as race & ethnicity) rather than
as race/ethnicity.
Discussion:
The authors point out the importance of their findings associating violence and
AI, specifically having been seen in this longitudinal study. 
I would be interested
in a deeper discussion about how this information could/should be incorporated
into violence interventions. 
For example, what is currently done in terms of
sexual-behavior related work in violence interventions, and how might this be
modified given this information.
I think it would be important to suggest that more work be done exploring why
women engage in AI in certain contexts, and obtain their feedback on how
interventions might address the HIV and other risks associated with condomless
AI.
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Is the study design appropriate to answer the research question (including the use
of appropriate controls), and are the conclusions supported by the evidence
presented?
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from apparent manipulation?
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