NATO

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Shirika la Mkataba wa Atlantiki ya Kaskazini (kwa Kiingereza: North Atlantic Treaty Organization, kifupi: NATO; kwa Kifaransa: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, kifupi: OTAN) ni ushirikiano wa kujihami wa kambi ya magharibi. Unaunganisha nchi 29 za Ulaya pamoja na Marekani na Kanada. Nchi wanachama zimeahidi kuteteana kama nchi moja inashambuliwa na nchi ya nje.
Makao makuu yapo Brussels.
Muhtasari

NATO kwa sasa ina jukumu kuu katika usalama wa eneo la Euro-Atlantiki. Inajikita katika ulinzi wa pamoja, usimamizi wa migogoro, na usalama wa ushirikiano kupitia mazungumzo ya kisiasa na maandalizi ya kijeshi. Kwa miaka kadhaa, NATO imebadilika kukabiliana na vitisho vipya kama vile vita vya mtandaoni, ugaidi, na vita mseto, na hivyo kuwa jukwaa muhimu kwa uratibu baina ya wanachama wake 32. Shughuli zake sasa haziishii kwenye ulinzi wa maeneo ya wanachama pekee, bali pia zinahusisha misheni za kimataifa kama zile za Kosovo, Iraq, na zamani Afghanistan.

Muungano huu unaendeleza ushirikiano wa karibu na mataifa yasiyo wanachama pamoja na mashirika ya kimataifa, hatua inayoongeza ushawishi wake duniani. NATO inazidi kuimarisha uwezo wake kupitia uboreshaji wa vikosi, mgawanyo wa taarifa za kiintelijensia, na mazoezi ya pamoja ya kijeshi. Ingawa inakumbana na changamoto kama tofauti za matumizi ya kijeshi kati ya wanachama na maslahi yanayotofautiana kitaifa, NATO bado inasalia kuwa nguzo muhimu ya mshikamano wa pande zote za Atlantiki na usalama wa pamoja.
Historia

NATO ilianzishwa mwaka 1949 wakati wa vita baridi kama maungano ya nchi za Ulaya ya magharibi pamoja na Marekani dhidi ya Umoja wa Kisovyeti na nchi shiriki zake katika Mapatano ya Warshawa. Nchi wanachama wa kwanza walikuwa Marekani, Ubelgiji, Uholanzi, Luxemburg, Ufaransa, Uingereza, Kanada, Ureno, Italia, Norwei, Udeni na Isilandi. 1952 Ugiriki na Uturuki zilijiunga pia zikafuatwa na Ujerumani ya Magharibi.

Baada ya mwisho wa vita baridi nchi zilizokuwa chini ya Umoja wa Kisoveti kama sehemu ya kambi ya kikomunisti zilijiunga na NATO kuanzia mwaka 1999. Ndizo Hungaria, Ucheki, Polandi (1999), halafu Estonia, Latvia, Lituanya, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Romania (2004), Kroatia, Albania (2009), Montenegro (2017), Masedonia Kaskazini (2020), Ufini (2023), na Uswidi (2024).
Marejeo
Viungo vya Nje

* NATO Official Website
* History of NATO – the Atlantic Alliance - UK Government site
* Basic NATO Documents
* The Globalization of Military Power: NATO Expansion (CRG)
* 'NATO force 'feeds Kosovo sex trade' (The Guardian)
* NATO Maintenance and Supply Agency (NAMSA) Official Website
* NATO Consultation, Command and Control Agency (NC3A) Official Website
* Joint Warfare Centre
* NATO Response Force Article
* NATO searches for defining role
* Official Article on NATO Response Force
* Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports regarding NATO
* Balkan Anti NATO Center, Greece
* NATO Defense College
* Atlantic Council of the United States
* CBC Digital Archives - One for all: The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
* NATO at Fifty: New Challenges, Future Uncertainties U.S. Institute of Peace Report, Machi 1999
* NATO at 50
* Operation Deny Flight fact sheet
* National Model NATO
* The Impact of NATO forces in Afghanistan An analysis of the effects of the U.S. led occupation on the political and social climate of Afghanistan.
* ESDI evolution in NATO: The presentation of the Eurocorps-Foreign Legion concept and its Single European Regiment at the European Parliament in June 2003

Jamii:Mashirika ya kimataifa
Jamii:Kifupi