Pathping

Pathping是Windows系统中自带的一个网络诊断工具，用于检测本地至目的地之间节点的网络延迟和稳定性。
原理.
pathping在一段时间内，从本地至目的地之间发送多个Echo Request消息给中间经过的每个节点，然后基于数据包从每个路由器返回的信息来计算结果。所以，pathping可以显示每个节点的数据包丢失的百分比，以便判断具体哪个节点或子网可能出现网络故障。pathping与tracert执行相同的路由跟踪命令去识别这条路径上有哪些路由器，但它额外多了一个步骤：给每个节点发送100个数据包，获取返回信息后去计算每个节点的统计信息。
范例.
 C:\Documents and Settings\User&gt;"pathping"
 Usage: pathping [-g host-list] [-h maximum_hops] [-i address] [-n]
 [-p period] [-q num_queries] [-w timeout] [-P] [-R] [-T]
 [-4] [-6] target_name
 Options:
 -g host-list Loose source route along host-list.
 -h maximum_hops Maximum number of hops to search for target.
 -i address Use the specified source address.
 -n Do not resolve addresses to hostnames.
 -p period Wait period milliseconds between pings.
 -q num_queries Number of queries per hop.
 -w timeout Wait timeout milliseconds for each reply.
 -P Test for RSVP PATH connectivity.
 -R Test if each hop is RSVP aware.
 -T Test connectivity to each hop with Layer-2 priority tags.
 -4 Force using IPv4.
 -6 Force using IPv6.
例子.
 &gt;"pathping wikipedia.org"
 Tracing route to wikipedia.com [207.142.131.235]
 over a maximum of 30 hops:
 0 simonslaptop [192.168.0.11]
 1 192.168.0.1
 2 thus1-hg2.ilford.broadband.bt.net [217.32.64.73]
 3 217.32.64.34
 4 217.32.64.110
 5 anchor-border-1-4-0-2-191.router.demon.net [212.240.162.126]
 6 anchor-core-2-g0-0-1.router.demon.net [194.70.98.29]
 7 ny1-border-1-a1-0-s2.router.demon.net [194.70.97.66]
 8 ge-8-0-153.ipcolo1.NewYork1.Level3.net [209.246.123.177]
 9 ae-0-51.bbr1.NewYork1.Level3.net [64.159.17.1]
 10 so-2-0-0.mp1.Tampa1.Level3.net [209.247.11.201]
 11 ge-6-0.hsa2.Tampa1.Level3.net [64.159.1.10]
 12 unknown.Level3.net [63.208.24.2]
 13
 Computing statistics for 325 seconds...
 Source to Here This Node/Link
 Hop RTT Lost/Sent = Pct Lost/Sent = Pct Address
 0 simonslaptop [192.168.0.11]
 0/ 100 = 0% |
 1 0ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% 192.168.0.1
 0/ 100 = 0% |
 2 18ms 1/ 100 = 1% 1/ 100 = 1% thus1-hg2.ilford.broadband.bt.net [217.32.64.73]
 0/ 100 = 0% |
 3 18ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% 217.32.64.34
 0/ 100 = 0% |
 4 21ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% 217.32.64.110
 0/ 100 = 0% |
 5 21ms 1/ 100 = 1% 1/ 100 = 1% anchor-border-1-4-0-2-191.router.demon.net [212.240.162.126]
 0/ 100 = 0% |
 6 --- 100/ 100 =100% 100/ 100 =100% anchor-core-2-g0-0-1.router.demon.net [194.70.98.29]
 0/ 100 = 0% |
 7 --- 100/ 100 =100% 100/ 100 =100% ny1-border-1-a1-0-s2.router.demon.net [194.70.97.66]
 0/ 100 = 0% |
 8 100ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% ge-8-0-153.ipcolo1.NewYork1.Level3.net [209.246.123.177]
 0/ 100 = 0% |
 9 94ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% ae-0-51.bbr1.NewYork1.Level3.net [64.159.17.1]
 0/ 100 = 0% |
 10 134ms 1/ 100 = 1% 1/ 100 = 1% so-2-0-0.mp1.Tampa1.Level3.net [209.247.11.201]
 0/ 100 = 0% |
 11 137ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% ge-6-0.hsa2.Tampa1.Level3.net [64.159.1.10]
 0/ 100 = 0% |
 12 131ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% unknown.Level3.net [63.208.24.2]
 100/ 100 =100% |
 13 --- 100/ 100 =100% 0/ 100 = 0% win2000 [0.0.0.0]
 Trace complete.
 &gt;"pathping wikipedia.org -q 10"
 Tracing route to wikipedia.org [66.230.200.100]
 over a maximum of 30 hops:
 0 Aaron.hsd1.mn.comcast.net. [192.168.11.3]
 1 air.setup [192.168.11.1]
 2 73.127.68.1
 3 ge-1-38-ur01.minnetonka.mn.minn.comcast.net [68.86.234.41]
 4 68.86.232.37
 5 68.86.232.33
 6 * 68.86.232.5
 7 68.86.232.1
 8 12.116.99.41
 9 tbr2.cgcil.ip.att.net [12.122.99.70]
 10 * ggr2.cgcil.ip.att.net [12.123.6.69]
 11 ar1-a3120s2.wswdc.ip.att.net [192.205.34.6]
 12 66.192.247.163
 13 ge8-13.csw5-pmtpa.wikimedia.org [66.193.50.242]
 14 * rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org [66.230.200.100]
 Computing statistics for 35 seconds...
 Source to Here This Node/Link
 Hop RTT Lost/Sent = Pct Lost/Sent = Pct Address
 0 Aaron.hsd1.mn.comcast.net. [192.168.11.3]
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 1 0ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% air.setup [192.168.11.1]
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 2 8ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 73.127.68.1
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 3 8ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% ge-1-38-ur01.minnetonka.mn.minn.comcast.net [68.86.234.41]
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 4 9ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 68.86.232.37
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 5 8ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 68.86.232.33
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 6 12ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 68.86.232.5
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 7 8ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 68.86.232.1
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 8 20ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 12.116.99.41
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 9 --- 10/ 10 =100% 10/ 10 =100% tbr2.cgcil.ip.att.net [12.122.99.70]
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 10 --- 10/ 10 =100% 10/ 10 =100% ggr2.cgcil.ip.att.net [12.123.6.69]
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 11 --- 10/ 10 =100% 10/ 10 =100% ar1-a3120s2.wswdc.ip.att.net [192.205.34.6]
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 12 --- 10/ 10 =100% 10/ 10 =100% 66.192.247.163
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 13 63ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% ge8-13.csw5-pmtpa.wikimedia.org [66.193.50.242]
 0/ 10 = 0% |
 14 63ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org [66.230.200.100]
 Trace complete.
 
 &gt;"pathping wikipedia.org -n"
 Tracing route to wikipedia-lb.eqiad.wikimedia.org [208.80.154.225]over a maximum of 30 hops:
 0 192.168.1.102
 1 192.168.1.1
 2 10.202.181.110
 3 10.202.182.109
 4 10.202.181.153
 5 10.202.181.49
 6 212.72.4.97
 7 82.178.32.102
 8 63.218.109.117
 9 63.218.44.38
 10 206.111.0.249
 11 216.156.8.189
 12 * * *
 Computing statistics for 275 seconds...