Title: Ectropion

{{Short description|Weakness or deformity of the lower eyelid causing it to turn outwards}}
{{Distinguish|Cervical ectropion}}
{{Infobox medical condition (new)
| name = Ectropion
| image = Cycatricial ectropion - eyes open.jpeg
| caption = Cycatricial ectropion of lower lids caused by burns of the eyelids and face – eyes open
}}

[[File:Cycatricial ectropion - eyes closed.jpeg|thumb|Cycatricial ectropion – closed eyes]]

'''Ectropion''' is a [[medical condition]] in which the lower [[eyelid]] turns outwards.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ectropion |url=https://elementsofmorphology.nih.gov/index.cgi?tid=49cad0d3ae6a54ac |access-date=2022-10-30 |website=Elements of Morphology |publisher=National Human Genome Research Institute}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is one of the notable aspects of newborns exhibiting congenital [[harlequin-type ichthyosis]], but ectropion can occur due to any weakening of tissue of the lower eyelid. The condition can be repaired [[surgery|surgically]]. Ectropion is also found in [[dog]]s as an inherited, developmental condition.&lt;ref name = Kirk&gt;{{cite book |last= Gelatt |first= Kirk N. |date= 2007 |title= Veterinary Ophthalmology |url= https://archive.org/details/veterinaryophtha0000unse/page/n5/mode/2up?q=ectropion |location= [[Gainesville, Florida]] |publisher= [[Blackwell Publishing]] |page= 378 |isbn= 978-0-7817-6657-9}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==Causes==
The following are the causes:{{cn|date=November 2025}}
* Congenital
* Aging
* Scarring
* Mechanical
* Allergic
* [[Facial nerve paralysis|Facial nerve palsy]]
* Anti-cancer treatments such as erlotinib, cetuximab, and panitumumab, which block the function of EGFR (the epidermal growth factor receptor).

==In dogs==
Ectropion in dogs usually involves the lower eyelid. Often the condition has no symptoms, but tearing and [[conjunctivitis]] may be seen. Breeds associated with ectropion include the [[St. Bernard (dog)|Saint Bernard]], the [[Bloodhound]], the [[Clumber Spaniel]], [[Newfoundland (dog)|Newfoundlands]], and the [[Neapolitan Mastiff]].&lt;ref name= Kirk2&gt;{{cite book |last= Gelatt |first= Kirk N. |date= 2000 |title= Essentials of Veterinary Ophthalmology |url= https://archive.org/details/essentialsofvete0000gela/page/n1/mode/2up?q=ectropion |location= [[Baltimore, Maryland]] |publisher= [[Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins]] |page= 55 |isbn= 0-683-30077-6}}&lt;/ref&gt; It can also result from [[Physical trauma|trauma]] or nerve damage. Treatment (surgery) is recommended only if there is chronic conjunctivitis or if there is [[cornea]]l damage. A small part of the affected lid is removed and then the lid is sewn back together.&lt;ref name= Kirk2 |page= 57 /&gt;

==See also==
* [[Cervical erosion|Cervical ectropion]]
* [[Entropion]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Medical resources
| ICD10           = {{ICD10|H|02|1|h|00}}, {{ICD10|Q|10|1|q|10}}
| ICD9            = {{ICD9|374.1}}
| ICDO            =
| OMIM            =
| OMIM_mult       =
| MedlinePlus     = 001007
| eMedicineSubj   = oph
| eMedicineTopic  = 211
| DiseasesDB      = 4108
| SNOMED CT       = 127559009
}}

{{Eye pathology}}
{{Congenital malformations and deformations of eye, ear, face and neck}}

[[Category:Dog diseases]]
[[Category:Disorders of eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit]]
[[Category:Congenital disorders of eyes]]