JUNJIE99/VISTA_Evaluation huggingface dataset:
Progression of bifurcated river systems can be modeled in stages. The figure above gives a rough picture of what it would actually look like. It depicts that, gradually, a stable bifurcation will deteriorate until one of the channels no longer receives flow from upstream, thus becoming an unstable bifurcation.
Lymphatic vessel. The thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct.
Meningeal lymphatic vessels run parallel to the dural venous sinuses.
Confocal micrograph of meningeal lymphatic vessels and trafficking immune cells. LYVE1 (green), CD3e (red), and DAPI (blue) are shown.
Cut through the larynx of a horse (frontal section, posterior view)1 hyoid bone; 2 epiglottis; 3 vestibular fold; 4 vocal fold; 5 ventricularis muscle; 6 ventricle of larynx; 7 vocalis muscle; 8 Thyroid Cartilage; 9 Cricoid Cartilage; 10 infraglottic cavity; 11 first tracheal cartilage; 12 trachea
Laryngeal vestibule. Coronal section of larynx and upper part of trachea. (Laryngeal vestibule not labeled, but visible near region labeled "Tubercle")
Laryngeal cavity. Sagittal section of the larynx and upper part of the trachea.
Vestibular fold. Laryngoscopic view of the vocal folds. (Vestibular fold labeled at center right.)
The original synapsid skull structure contains one temporal opening behind the orbitals, in a fairly low position on the skull (lower right in this image). This opening might have assisted in containing the jaw muscles of these organisms which could have increased their biting strength.
Inguinal hernia surgery. Open surgical repair of a right inguinal hernia
Inguinal Hernia Patch. Animation in the reference.
Hernia repair. Surgical incision at the groin after inguinal herniorrhaphy
Port sites for inguinal hernia repair
Polypropylene mesh used for inguinal hernia surgery
An inguinal hernia which contains part of the bladder. Bladder cancer also present.
A frontal view of an incarcerated inguinal hernia (on the patient's left side) with dilated loops of bowel above.
Medial inguinal fossa. Inguinal fossae
Inguinal ligament. Inguinal ligament is labeled at bottom right.
Inguinal ligament. Structures passing behind the inguinal ligament. Frontolateral view of the right side of the pelvis.
Progesterone levels during the menstrual cycle.[122] • The ranges denoted By biological stage may be used in closely monitored menstrual cycles in regard to other markers of its biological progression, with the time scale being compressed or stretched to how much faster or slower, respectively, the cycle progresses compared to an average cycle. • The ranges denoted Inter-cycle variability are more appropriate to use in non-monitored cycles with only the beginning of menstruation known, but where the woman accurately knows her average cycle lengths and time of ovulation, and that they are somewhat averagely regular, with the time scale being compressed or stretched to how much a woman's average cycle length is shorter or longer, respectively, than the average of the population. • The ranges denoted Inter-woman variability are more appropriate to use when the average cycle lengths and time of ovulation are unknown, but only the beginning of menstruation is given.
Ovulation. Following a surge of luteinizing hormone (LH), an oocyte (immature egg cell) will be released into the uterine tube, where it will then be available to be fertilized by a male's sperm within 12 hours. Ovulation marks the end of the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle and the start of the luteal phase.
Endometrial cancer can be associated with HRT, particularly in those not taking a progestogen.
This diagram shows the hormonal changes around the time of ovulation, as well as the inter-cycle and inter-female variabilities in its timing.
Timeline of pregnancy, including (from top to bottom): Trimesters, embryo/fetus development, gestational age in weeks and months, viability and maturity stages
Progression of the menstrual cycle and some of the hormones contributing to it
Human embryo, 8-9 weeks, 38 mm (1.5 in)
Distribution of gestational age at childbirth among singleton live births, given both when gestational age is estimated by first trimester ultrasound and directly by last menstrual period.[33] Roughly 80% of births occur between 37 and 41 weeks of gestational age.
Dissection of human embryo
By the end of the second trimester, the expanding uterus has created a visible "baby bump". Although the breasts have been developing internally since the beginning of the pregnancy, most of the visible changes appear after this point.
A human primary ovarian follicle viewed by microscopy. The round oocyte stained red in the center is surrounded by  a layer of granulosa cells, which are enveloped by the basement membrane and theca cells. The magnification is around 1000 times. (H&E stain)
A butterfly laying eggs underneath the leaf
A serving tray decorated with butterfly wings
Prodryas persephone, a Late Eocene butterfly from the Florissant Fossil Beds, 1887 engraving
Der Schmetterlingsjäger (The butterfly hunter) painting by Carl Spitzweg, 1840
Lithopsyche antiqua, an Early Oligocene butterfly from the Bembridge Marls, Isle of Wight, 1889 engraving
Common crow butterfly (Euploea core) chrysalis illustrating the Greek origin of the term: χρυσός (chrysós) for gold
Braconid parasitoidal wasp (Apanteles species) cocoons attached to lime butterfly (Papilio demoleus) caterpillar
A colorful interference pattern is observed when light is reflected from the top and bottom boundaries of a thin oil film. The different bands form as the film's thickness diminishes from a central run-off-point.
Butterfly and Chinese wisteria, by Xü Xi. Early Song Dynasty, c. 970
Butterfly antennal shapes, mainly clubbed, unlike those of moths. Drawn by C. T. Bingham, 1905
Pes anserinus. Muscles of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions. Area of pes anserinus is encircled at bottom.sartorius,gracilis,semitendinosusandsemimembranosusare labeled at bottom left.
Bottom clingers. Bottom clingersBottom clingers "are mainly small fish with flattened heads, large pectoral fins, and structures (usually modified pelvic fins) that enable them to adhere to the bottom. Such structures are handy in swift streams, or intertidal areas with strong currents. The simplest arrangement is possessed bysculpins, which use their small, closely spaced pelvic fins,  as antiskid devices. However, other families of fishes, such asgobies,  andclingfisheshave evolved suction cups."[9]
Illustration of dermal circulation and layers
Koi carp have two pairs of barbels, the second pair being quite small.
Cartilaginous fishes, like this tiger shark, have placoid scales (dermal denticles).
Placoid scales as viewed through an electron microscope. Also called dermal denticles, these are structurally homologous with vertebrate teeth.
Tuna gills inside the head. The head is oriented snout-down with the view looking towards the mouth.The red gills detached from the tuna head on the left
The X-ray tetra (Pristella maxillaris) has a visible backbone. The spinal cord is housed within its backbone.A vertebra (diameter 5 mm (0.20 in)) of a small ray-finned fish
Cocurrent and countercurrentflow exchange systems Red represents a higher value (e.g. of temperature or the partial pressure of a gas) than blue so the property being transported in the channels flows from red to blue. In fish a countercurrent flow (lower diagram) of blood and water in the gills is used to extract oxygen from the environment.[6][7][8]
Lateral thoracic artery. Axillary artery, with its branches, including the lateral thoracic artery. Anterior view of right upper limb and thorax.
Internal thoracic artery. Right internal thoracic artery and its branches (labeled under its old name the Internal mammary artery, at upper right.)
Pericardiacophrenic artery. The thoracic aorta, viewed from the left side. (Pericardiacophrenic labeled at center left.)
Thoracoacromial artery. Thescapularandcircumflexarteries. (Thoracoacromial branch of thoracoacromial labeled at upper right.)
Lateral thoracic vein. The veins of the right axilla, viewed from in front. (Lateral thoracic vein not labeled but region is visible.)
Long thoracic nerve. The rightbrachial plexuswith its short branches, viewed from in front.  (Long thoracic labeled at center, third from top.)
Radial artery. Ulnarand radial arteries. Deep view.
Illustration of a typical coronary artery bypass surgery. A vein from the leg is removed and grafted to the coronary artery to bypass a blockage.
René Gerónimo Favaloro was an Argentine cardiac surgeon and educator best known for his pioneering work on coronary artery bypass surgery using the great saphenous vein.
Pericardiacophrenic artery. Thephrenic nerveand its relations with thevagus nerve. (Pericardiacophrenic artery not labeled, but region is visible.)
Three coronary artery bypass grafts, a LIMA to LAD and two saphenous vein grafts – one to the right coronary artery system and one to the obtuse marginal system.
Cuboid bone. The left cuboid. Postero-lateral view
Cuboid bone. The left cuboid. Antero-medial view.
Different types of bone
Fracture of the navicular bone
Different types of bone markings and features.
Deep and superficial layers of posterior leg muscles
Inside of the head of femur, showing surface of the bone, red and yellow bone marrow.
First metatarsal bone. The first metatarsal. (Left.)
Navicular bone. Superior view.Navicular bone. Inferior view.
Herbert Boyer helped found the first genetic engineering company in 1976.
Rice plants being used for genetic modification
A rack of convenience snack foods, including chips (crisps in Britain)
The fruit-fly Drosophila melanogaster, often used in genetic modification studies
Some chimeras, like the blotched mouse shown, are created through genetic modification techniques like gene targeting.
Inferior surface of maxilla
Fracture of the left lacrimal / maxillary bone
Figure 5: Anterior surface of maxilla at birth.
Figure 6: Inferior surface of maxilla at birth.
Incisive bone. The premaxilla and its sutures.
Zygomatic bone. Left zygomatic bonein situ
Zygomatic bone. Side view of the teeth and jaws (zygomatic visible in center)
Squamosal suture. Side view of the cranium. Squamosal suture in red.
Squamosal suture. Side view of the cranium. Squamosal suture highlighted.
The zygomatic arch on a man
As a comparison, this is how the skull looks with almost all of the zygomatic process removed.
Zygomatic arch. Articulation of the mandible. Lateral aspect.
Zygomatic arch. Side view of the skull.
Cranial sutures viewed from top of head
Zygomatic process of maxilla. Zygomatic process shown in red
Sphenosquamosal suture. Side view of the skull.
Image showing the greater sciatic foramen (large foramen), and the lesser sciatic foramen, separated by the sacrospinous ligament. The pudendal nerve exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen, passes over the ligament, and then reenters the pelvis through the lesser sciatic foramen.
Sacrotuberous ligament. Articulations of pelvis, anterior view, with greater sciatic foramen (labeled in red) and its boundaries.
The same human pelvis, front imaged by x-ray (top), magnetic resonance imaging (middle), and 3-dimensional computed tomography (bottom)
Sacrum. Image of a malepelvis(sacrum is in center)
Nuchal ligament. Seventhcervical vertebra(spinous processvisible at bottom)
Pelvis. Female type pelvis
Anatomical drawing of the female pelvis
10 of the most influential figures in the history of quantum mechanics. Left to right:  Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr, Louis de Broglie, Max Born, Paul Dirac, Werner Heisenberg, Wolfgang Pauli, Erwin Schrödinger, Richard Feynman.
Jean Metzinger, 1912, Danseuse au café.  One advocate of QBism, physicist David Mermin, describes his rationale for choosing that term over the older and more general "quantum Bayesianism": "I prefer [the] term 'QBist' because [this] view of quantum mechanics differs from others as radically as cubism differs from renaissance painting ..."[28]
Article headline regarding the EPR paradox paper, in the May 4, 1935 issue of The New York Times.
Niels Bohr's 1913 quantum model of the atom, which incorporated an explanation of Johannes Rydberg's 1888 formula, Max Planck's 1900 quantum hypothesis, i.e. that atomic energy radiators have discrete energy values (ε = hν), J. J. Thomson's 1904 plum pudding model, Albert Einstein's 1905 light quanta postulate, and Ernest Rutherford's 1907 discovery of the atomic nucleus.  Note that the electron does not travel along the black line when emitting a photon. It jumps, disappearing from the outer orbit and appearing in the inner one and cannot exist in the space between orbits 2 and 3.
Mechanical paradox in the Museo Galileo, Florence.
Quantum teleportation in its diagrammatic form.[36] employing Penrose graphical notation.[37] Formally, such a computation takes place in a dagger compact category.  This results in the abstract description of quantum teleportation as employed in categorical quantum mechanics.
Jakob Bernoulli's "Summae Potestatum", 1713[a]
A page from Seki Takakazu's Katsuyō Sanpō (1712), tabulating binomial coefficients and Bernoulli numbers
Jacob Bernoulli's tombstone in Basel Münster
Nicolaus II Bernoulli, portrait by Johann Rudolf Huber (1723).
Johann Bernoulli. Johann Bernoulli (portrait byJohann Rudolf Huber, circa 1740)
Image from Acta Eruditorum (1682) wherein was published the critique of Bernoulli's Conamen novi systematis cometarum
Commercium philosophicum et mathematicum (1745), a collection of letters between Leibnitz and Bernoulli.
Jacob Bernoulli.
Jakob II Bernoulli.
Johann II Bernoulli
Johann III Bernoulli
Euler–Bernoulli beam
230 MB Bernoulli disk
20 MB Bernoulli disk
The Bernoulli numbers as given by the Riemann zeta function.
Daniel Bernoulli. Portrait of Daniel Bernoulli (1720-1725)
A Bar at the Folies-Bergère by Édouard Manet may be an early example of product placement. The distinctive label and shape of two bottles allow them to be identified as Bass beer
The human brain. Note the location of the hippocampus, hippocampal gyrus, and amygdala.
Self-advertising: A German countess holds a copy of the magazine Die Woche in her hands. The photo appeared in 1902 in an issue of the magazine. (detail of the actual photograph)
Marco Polo's travel journals are silent on the Great Wall of China, which some believe (against the historical consensus) is evidence of him never visiting the country, or rather exemplifies his gift in diplomatic mindfulness.[1]
Dan Sperber believes that reasoning in groups is more effective and promotes their evolutionary fitness.
Daniel Kahneman who, along with Amos Tversky, proposed the fallacy
The effect of gambler's fallacy on lottery selections, based on studies by Dek Terrell. After winning numbers are drawn, lottery players respond by reducing the number of times they select those numbers in following draws. This effect slowly corrects over time, as players become less affected by the fallacy.[27]
Plato (left) and Aristotle in Raphael's 1509 fresco, The School of Athens. Aristotle holds his Nicomachean Ethics and gestures to the earth, representing his view in immanent realism, whilst Plato gestures to the heavens, indicating his Theory of Forms, and holds his Timaeus.[48][49]
The formula (∀x. R(x,x)) → (∀x∃y. R(x,y)) holds in all structures (only the simplest 8 are shown left). By Gödel's completeness result, it must hence have a natural deduction proof (shown right).
A depiction from the 15th century of the square of opposition, which expresses the fundamental dualities of syllogistic.
Consistency Theory.
Mathematical induction can be informally illustrated by reference to the sequential effect of falling dominoes.[1][2]
Example of a decision support system for John Day Reservoir.
Design of a drought mitigation decision support system
The parable of the blind men and the elephant suggests that people tend to project their partial experiences as the whole truth
Hermann Minkowski (1864–1909)  found that the theory of special relativity, introduced by his former student Albert Einstein, could be best understood as a four-dimensional space, since known as the Minkowski spacetime.
Hermann Weyl, the author of The Classical Groups. Weyl made substantial contributions to the representation theory of the classical groups.
Figure 2–4. The light cone centered on an event divides the rest of spacetime into the future, the past, and "elsewhere"
Figure 2–3. (a) Galilean diagram of two frames of reference in standard configuration, (b) spacetime diagram of two frames of reference, (c) spacetime diagram showing the path of a reflected light pulse
A torus. Its abelian group structure is induced from the map C → C/(Z + τZ), where τ is a parameter living in the upper half plane.
The Ancient Theatre of Delphi.
Plot is the cause‐and‐effect sequence of events in a story.[1]
Hypothesis Z, the initial Romanian war plan for World War I
The neuroanatomy of the medial surface of the cerebral cortex are implicated in rejection in love.  Regular functions of many of the anatomical structures connect rejection in love to motivation, emotions, deep thinking, and reward.
Frontispiece to William Blake's Visions of the Daughters of Albion (1793), which contains Blake's critique of Christian values of marriage. Oothoon (centre) and Bromion (left), are chained together, as Bromion has raped Oothoon and she now carries his baby. Theotormon (right) and Oothoon are in love, but Theotormon is unable to act, considering her polluted, and ties himself into knots of indecision.
Painting from the lower Rhine, 1470–1480, showing love magic, collection of Museum der bildenden Künste
Title page from A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), by Mary Wollstonecraft, an early feminist and proponent of free love.
Fraternal love (Prehispanic sculpture from 250–900 AD, of Huastec origin). Museum of Anthropology in Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
Mother's love is said to be the best example for unconditional love
Lucifer the Lightbearer, an influential American anarchist free love journal
Roman copy of a Greek sculpture by Lysippus depicting Eros, the Greek personification of romantic love
PET scans of brains that are normal in comparison to brains of an obese subject, alcoholic subject, and cocaine user.  Love is suggested to simulate patterns of a cocaine user in brain activation.
Warfare imagery: the Siege of the Castle of Love on an ivory mirror-back, possibly Paris, ca. 1350–1370 (Musée du Louvre)
The Oneida Community was a utopian group established in the 1840s, which practiced a form of free love. Postcard of the Oneida Community Mansion House from 1907.
Love's Messenger by Marie Spartali Stillman, 1885
John Morton (1725–1777), a Pennsylvanian jurist and one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, had a Finnish ancestry;[108] Morton, which was an anglicized version of the family's original Finnish name Marttinen, came to America from Rautalampi municipality of North Savonia, Finland.[109][110][111]
German scholar Max Weber notably articulated a theory of rationality that divided human capacity to think through things in four ways.[4]
Daniel Kahneman, who won the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for his work developing prospect theory
Secondary emission used in a photomultiplier tube. The initial electrons emitted when light strikes a photocathode are made to strike a dynode electrode, knocking out more electrons, which strike a second dynode.  Each incident electron produces multiple secondary electrons, so the cascaded dynode chain amplifies the initial electrons.
When the electron velocity approaches the speed of light, the emission pattern is sharply collimated forward.
Memorial of Heinrich Hertz on the campus of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, which translates as At this site, Heinrich Hertz discovered electromagnetic waves in the years 1885–1889.
The same tube with greater intensity. The disk around the dot in the center is due to secondary emission. Electrons are struck off the screen and travel backwards into the tube. The voltage across the tube causes them to be accelerated forward again, striking the screen over a wide area.[citation needed]
Messier 87's astrophysical jet, HST image. The blue light from the jet emerging from the bright AGN core, towards the lower right, is due to synchrotron radiation.
The fundamental processes which contribute to XANES spectra: 1) photoabsorption of an x-ray into a core level followed by photoelectron emission, followed by either 2) (left) filling of the core hole by an electron in another level, accompanied by fluorescence; or (right) filling of the core hole by an electron in another level followed by emission of an Auger electron.
Synchrotron radiation from a bending magnet
Off-axis radiation contains many harmonics
Crab Nebula. The bluish glow from the central region of the nebula is due to synchrotron radiation.
Portable ultraviolet lampUV radiation is also produced by electric arcs. Arc welders must wear eye protection and cover their skin to prevent photokeratitis and serious sunburn.
Description. VegetableIndiaPopular in Mumbai as a street food, it is made with Western style bread and is usually toasted. The main ingredients are a spicy green chutney spread, tomatoes, onions, cucumber, and a spicy potato filling made withchaat masalaor a similar spice mix.  Other ingredients sometimes included are cooked beetroot and cheese.  The sandwich is a popular student lunch.[55][56]
Description. VegemiteAustraliaVegemite is a dark brown Australian food paste made from used brewers'yeast extract, aby-productofbeer manufacturing, various vegetables, wheat, and spice additives. It is aspreadfor sandwiches,toast,crumpets, andcracker biscuits, as well as a filling for pastries.
Description. Donkey burgerChinaChopped or shredded savory donkey meat in a bun, sold inBaoding,HebeiProvince asstreet food, and also in high-end restaurants.
Unprocessed seeds of spelt, a historically important staple food
Description. Roti bakarIndonesiaToasted white bread with a filling such as butter, jam, chocolate spread, cheese, or other (generally sweet) fillings.
Description. TramezzinoItalyTriangular white bread with the crusts removed, with fillings such as tuna and olive and prosciutto, served in Italian bars throughout the day.
Description. JamUnited KingdomButtered bread, with fruit jam/conserve, normally eaten at lunchtime or as a quicksnack, may also be eaten atbreakfastor fortea.
This photograph depicts a "new electrical bread slicing machine" in use by an unnamed bakery in St. Louis in 1930, and may well show Rohwedder's machine in use by the Papendick Bakery Company
Description. PorchettaItalyA sandwich made of roast pork with Italian-type spices such as rosemary, garlic, fennel and others in varying proportions. It is popular as street food (usually sold from white trucks) throughout central Italy.  It was transplanted to America in the late 19th century by Italian immigrants and is known as the "roast" pork sandwich, very popular in the northeastern United States. In America it is often served withprovolonecheese and "greens" which may bespinachorbroccoli raab.
Acquacotta is a type of bread soup.
A döner street food cart in Hanoi, Vietnam
Eratap, a small outer island of Efate.
Tai Pan Bread & Cakes Co. sandwich bread, manufactured in Hong Kong
Porvenir in Tierra del Fuego
Mossy landscape, Tierra del Fuego.
Tierra del Fuego archipelago in the bottom half of the image
Conrad Martens HMS "Beagle" in Tierra del Fuego
Tierra del Fuego ProvinceProvincia de Tierra del Fuego. Porvenir
An 1889 5-gram gold coin from Tierra del Fuego byJulius Popper
Tierra del FuegoProvincia de Tierra del Fuego, Antártidae Islas del Atlántico Sur.
Cordillera Paine. Torres del Paine, Chile
Cuernos del Paine
Cerro Castor is the most important ski resort in the province.
General Carrera lake, the largest in the country.
Hiking trail in Torres del Paine
Torres del Paine.
Looking at the Cuernos del Paine from the Lago del Toro in the morning
Hordeum.
Hordeum distichon.
Russula aeruginea.
Russula emetica.
Russula caerulea
Russula xerampelina.
Russula grisea
Russula parvovirescens.
Russula fuscorubroides
Global capture of Farfantepenaeus aztecus in thousand tonnes reported by the FAO, 1950–2010[6]
Farfantepenaeus aztecus.
Farfantepenaeus.