JUNJIE99/VISTA_Evaluation huggingface dataset:
American B-24 Liberator flying over a burning oil refinery at Ploiești, as part of Operation Tidal Wave on 1 August 1943. Due to its role as a significant supplier of oil to the Axis, Romania was a prime target of Allied strategic bombing in 1943 and 1944.
The only storaged metre-gauge ITB V2A tram in Romania
King Carol I of Romania with his nephew Ferdinand I of Romania and great-nephew Carol II of Romania
Ciucă on a stamp of Romania
Nicolae Ceaușescu ruled Romania as its communist leader from 1965 until 1989
Romania has seen its largest waves of protests against judicial reform ordinances of the PSD-ALDE coalition during the 2017–2019 Romanian protests.
Image. FăgărașBrașov30,71436,1214301222b(the region ofFagar šu/Fogaras river); 1291b(as Fogros); 1310 (the Fogaras wooden fortress)[3]
The Magyar Autonomous Region in Romania, in 1952–1960.
Great Romania (1920–1940)
A map of Romania after WWII.
A vineyard in the Stellenbosch region, South Africa
The Jews in Central Europe (1881)
Bukharan Jews (before 1899)
Jews of Maswar, Yemen, in 1902
Kosher Challah bread
Kosher gummy bears
Kosher slaughter of a chicken
Rabbi in a Kosher wine shop
Charlemagne's chapel at Aachen Cathedral
Charlemagne instructing his son Louis the Pious
Europe at the death of the Charlemagne 814.
Charlemagne in a contemporary sketch
Denier from the era of Charlemagne, Tours, 793–812
Students of Nan Hua High School, a secondary school in Singapore, in the school hall
Indianola Junior High School in Columbus, Ohio, the first middle school in the U.S.
High school in Bratislava, Slovakia (Gamča)
Trump c. 1950, Brooklyn Eagle
Trump talking to the press, March 2017
Eric Trump, c. 2009
The red-brick building of the Kallavesi High School in Kuopio, Finland.
Owens in 2019
Trump in 2018
Burgess Owens.
Owens in 2009
Owens performing in 2016
Owens v Owens.
Owens in 2017
Fred Trump. Trump c. 1950
A language map, different colours represent different language families:   Greater Pama–Nyungan  Laragiya  Tiwi  Bunaban  Daly  Limilngan  Djeragan  Nyulnyulan  Wororan  Yirram  West Barkly  Yiwaidjan  Giimbiyu  Umbugarla  Gunwinyguan  Garawa
A multilingual sign at the Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Pier in Macau. At the top are Portuguese and Chinese, which are the official languages of Macau, while at the bottom are Japanese and English, which are common languages used by tourists (English is also one of Hong Kong's two official languages).
A Train name found in South India written in four languages: Kannada, Hindi, Tamil, and English.  Boards like this are common on trains which pass through two or more states where the languages are spoken are different.
Cape York Peninsula tropical savanna. Coleman River (Queensland)
Cape York PeninsulaQueensland. Theinterim Australianbioregions,with Cape York Peninsula in red
Mid-Atlantic shoreline showing, from the upper right, the Cape May Peninsula of New Jersey, Delaware Bay, the Delmarva Peninsula, and Chesapeake Bay. Also visible are the peninsulas of Maryland and Virginia along the Chesapeake's shores.
The Kamchatka Peninsula in the Russian Far East
Artwork depicting the first contact that was made with the Gweagal Aboriginal people and Captain James Cook and his crew on the shores of the Kurnell Peninsula, New South Wales
Cape Cod, a peninsula of Massachusetts
Florida, an example of a peninsula, photo taken during STS-95
The Yucatán Peninsula
The Cape and Islands
Shaktism is a Goddess-centric tradition of Hinduism. From left: Parvati/Durga, Kali and Lakshmi
Sculpture of "Batara Guru", an aspect of Shiva in Indonesian Hinduism.
Some of many Hindu gods and goddesses of Balinese Hinduism: Ganesha (left), Wisnu on Garuda (right).
Swami Vivekananda was a key figure in introducing Vedanta and Yoga in the Western world,[317] raising interfaith awareness and making Hinduism a world religion.[318]
The Prakrit word "dha-ṃ-ma"/𑀥𑀁𑀫 (Sanskrit: Dharma धर्म) in the Brahmi script, as inscribed by Emperor Ashoka in his Edicts of Ashoka (3rd century BCE).
Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa (left), the Divine Oneness and supreme god (Brahman) of Balinese Hinduism. Acintya is a part of temples, home shrines and ceremonies, remembered with a colorfully decorated stone seat, Padmasana (right).[20]
The Kandahar Bilingual Rock Inscription is from Indian Emperor Asoka in 258 BC, and found in Afghanistan. The inscription renders the word dharma in Sanskrit as eusebeia in Greek, suggesting dharma in ancient India meant spiritual maturity, devotion, piety, duty towards and reverence for human community.[40]
A Ganesha-centric Panchayatana ("five deities", from the Smarta tradition): Ganesha (centre) with Shiva (top left), Parvati (top right), Vishnu (bottom left) and Surya (bottom right). All these deities also have separate sects dedicated to them.
Lizard in tree. Many species are tree-dwelling
A lizard from Thar desert
Acintya is the Supreme God in Balinese Hinduism.
Religion map in Indonesia with Hinduism shown in red.
Hinduism. Aarti at pujaA family puja inside a home
Hinduism. Group puja in North IndiaA puja in a South Indian temple
Shiva/Rudra has been a major Deva in Hinduism since the Vedic times.[22] Above is a meditating statue of him in the Himalayas with Hindus offering prayers.
The Rigveda is the first among four Vedas[note 26] and is one of the oldest religious texts. This Rigveda manuscript is in Devanagari.
Agama agama.
Image of leaves and the upper book cover of Thar pa chen po’i mod (The Sūtra of Great Liberation), showing Tibetan writings on black paper with an ink that contain gold, silver, copper, coral, lazurite, malachite, and mother of pearl. The unbound sheets are kept between two wooden boards covered with green brocade. The upper book cover shows the images of four of the Eight Medicine Buddhas.
Botánicas such as this one in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, USA, sell religious goods such as statues of saints and candles decorated with prayers alongside folk medicine and amulets.
The largest religious gathering ever held on Earth, the 2001 Maha Kumbh Mela held in Prayag attracted around 70 million Hindus from around the world.
Budazhap Shiretorov (Будажап Цыреторов), the head shaman of the religious community Altan Serge (Алтан Сэргэ) in Buryatia.
The word God written in Arabic
Traditional African religions.
Medieval world religions
A map of major denominations and religions of the world
Chickasaw Native cultural/religious dancing
Major religious groups as a percentage of world population
Pyramid texts from Teti I's pyramid.
Various examples of texts in different languages
Pyramid of Merenre I, one of the earliest pyramids in which Maspero discovered the Pyramid Texts.
giant Eucalyptus deanei, near Woodford in Blue Mountains National Park, Australia
Eucalyptus.
Seeds of Eucalyptus camaldulensis
Eucalyptus melliodora, showing flowers and opercula
Eucalyptus forest in a state of regeneration
A man being treated by dentists
Fabrication of feldspathic porcelain crowns on the dental model , then cementing them on the upper central teeth using a luting agent
A patient's teeth are prepared for the application of braces.
Teeth reshaping (sculpting) and bonding performed in one office visit.
Lysimachia.
Starflower (Lysimachia borealis)
Lysimachia thyrsiflora.
Spotted Loosestrife (Lysimachia punctata)
Fringed Loosestrife (Lysimachia ciliata)
Listeria monocytogenes grown on Biorad RAPID'L.Mono Agar
Colonies of typical L. monocytogenes as they appear when grown on Listeria-selective agar
Stages in the intracellular life-cycle of Listeria monocytogenes. (Center) Cartoon depicting entry, escape from a vacuole, actin nucleation, actin-based motility, and cell-to-cell spread. (Outside) Representative electron micrographs from which the cartoon was derived. LLO, PLCs, and ActA are all described in the text. The cartoon and micrographs were adapted from Tilney and Portnoy (1989).
The racial diversity of Asia's ethnic groups, Nordisk familjebok (1904)
Collage of ethnic groups
Part of a poster in Beijing showing the 56 ethnic groups of China
Main ethnic groups in Brazil. Many are separated based on location.
CIA map showing the territory of the settlement of ethnic groups and subgroups in Afghanistan in 2005
Tiger Woods refers to his ethnic make-up as "Cablinasian" (Caucasian, black, Indian and Asian) in order to describe the racial mixture which he inherited from his Thai mother and his African-American father.[58]
Chief Olusegun ObasanjoAlhaji Umaru Musa Yar'AduaDr. Goodluck JonathanGeneral Muhammadu BuhariPresidents of Nigeria's current republic, all of whom have been titled chiefs of various ethnic groups.
Venus de Milo at the Louvre has been described as a "classical vision of beauty".[1][2][3] However, one expert claimed her "almost matronly representation" was meant to convey an "impressive appearance" rather than "ideal female beauty".[4]Adonis restored and completed by François Duquesnoy, formerly in the collection of Cardinal Mazarin (Louvre Museum)
Cards from a standard deck
Map of Brazil showing the geographic distribution of each racial category in the territory (2010 census)
There is no scholarly agreement on the appearance of Jesus; over the centuries, he has been depicted in a multitude of ways.
Narrow gauge work train in an East Side Access cavern that will eventually house a standard gauge station for the Long Island Rail Road.
Portal hypertension due to cirrhosis resulting in revascularization of the umbilical vein
Portal hypertension.
Pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Rates of hypertension in adult men in 2014.[142]
Three major signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Pulmonary artery hypertension and emphysema as seen on a CT scan with contrast
Graph showing, prevalence of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension compared between the four studies of NHANES[149]
Phonocardiogram and jugular venous pulse tracing from a middle-aged man with pulmonary hypertension caused by cardiomyopathy. The jugular venous pulse tracing demonstrates a prominent a wave without a c or v wave being observed. The phonocardiograms (fourth left interspace and cardiac apex) show a murmur of tricuspid insufficiency and ventricular and atrial gallops.
Grey-rumped treeswift.
Grey-rumped treeswift at Manado, North Sulawesi
Crested treeswift.
Main languages of India and their relative size according to how many speakers each has.[77]
This tree diagram, used to show the divergence of species, is the only illustration in the Origin of Species.
INSAT-1B satellite: Broadcasting sector in India is highly dependent on INSAT system.
Islam in India. ArchitectureMughalIndo-IslamicIndo-SaracenicSharqi
Nuclear capable Agni-II ballistic missile. Since May 1998, India declared itself to be a full-fledged nuclear state.
In mid-July 1837 Darwin started his "B" notebook on Transmutation of Species, and on page 36 wrote "I think" above his first evolutionary tree.
Change in per capita GDP of India, 1820–2015. Figures are inflation-adjusted to 1990 International Geary-Khamis dollars.[159][160]
Alien invasive species Parthenium hysterophorus smothering native flora in Achanakmar Tiger Reserve, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
Brahmaputra plain and Eastern Himalaya in Northeast India
Grey francolin or grey partridge
Mahindra XUV500 is made in India
State Bank of India is the largest bank in India.
The RBI's headquarters in Mumbai, India.
Space-filling representationBall-and-stick representation5α-dihydroprogesterone (5α-DHP), a steroid. The shape of the four rings of most steroids is illustrated (carbon atoms in black, oxygens in red and hydrogens in grey). The nonpolar "slab" of hydrocarbon in the middle (grey, black) and the polar groups at opposing ends (red) are common features of natural steroids. 5α-DHP is an endogenous steroid hormone and a biosynthetic intermediate.
Ganaxolone, a neuroactive steroid currently in clinical development.
Gonane, the simplest steroid, consisting only of the common steroid nucleus
This shows a possible pathway through which steroid hormones are endocytosed and proceed to affect cells via a genomic pathway.
Cholesterol, a prototypical animal sterol. This structural lipid and key steroid biosynthetic precursor.[1]:1785f
Free hormone hypothesis 2
Cystic artery. Thecystic arterybranches from theright hepatic artery.
Hepatic artery proper. Inferior surface of the liver. (Entrance for hepatic artery labeled at bottom center.)
Hepatic artery proper. Thehepatic artery properbranches from thecommon hepatic artery.
Coeliac artery. Surface projections of the major organs of thetrunk, showing celiac artery in middle
Supraduodenal artery. Branches of the celiac artery.
CT image of a 70 percent stenosis of the right internal carotid artery
Right gastric artery. Right gastric artery is at #2 -- the lower of the two arrows.
Cystic artery. Relationship to other vessels. (Note that relationships are highly variable -- see below.)
70 percent stenosis of the right internal carotid artery as seen by ultrasound. Arrow marks the lumen of the artery.
Fischer projectionofd-glucose
Metabolism of commonmonosaccharidesand some biochemical reactions of glucose.
Private Roy W. Humphrey is being given blood plasma after he was wounded by shrapnel in Sicily in August 1943.
Cyclic forms of glucose.From left to right: Haworth projections and ball-and-stick structures of the α- and β- anomers of D-glucopyranose (top row) and D-glucofuranose (bottom row)
Diagram showing the possible intermediates in glucose degradation; Metabolic pathways orange: glycolysis, green: Entner-Doudoroff pathway, phosphorylating, yellow: Entner-Doudoroff pathway, non-phosphorylating
Glucose, 5% solution for infusions
Glucose tablets
Polycelis felina, a freshwater planarian
Obama anthropophila is a land planarian with dull colors.
The land flatworm Amaga expatria in Guadeloupe
Planarian.
Planarian reproductive system
A colorful species of the subfamily Bipaliinae.
Carl Linnaeus created the binomial system for naming species.
John Ray believed that species breed true and do not change, even though variations exist.
Ernst Mayr proposed the widely used Biological Species Concept of reproductive isolation in 1942.
Maternal Mortality Rate worldwide, as defined by the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management, excluding accidental or incidental causes.[82]
A portable heart rate variability device is an example of a medical device that contains medical device software.
Cook Medical in Denmark, part of William Cook Europe ApS
Infusion pump, a Class II medical device in the United States
Tongue depressor, a Class I medical device in the United States
One of Elcam Medical's single-use disposable device, labelled as their "Stopcock".
A stethoscope (U.S. FDA product code BZS), a popular Class I medical device as determined by the U.S. FDA, ubiquitous in hospitals.
Medical equipment
A. J. Cook. Cook in 2010
Infant mortality rate by region
Illustration of intrauterine device
Medical waste in the form of syringes.
Tim Cook. Cook in August 2017
Cook Inlet seen from Clam Gulch
Former Cook Primary
1855 Illustration of a "Disgruntled Cook"
Picture. Morinda citrifoliaNoniIt has a history of use as for joint pain andskin conditions.[127]
Dioscorides’ Materia Medica, c. 1334 copy in Arabic, describes medicinal features of various plants.
Picture. Calendula officinalisMarigoldAlso named calendula, has a long history of use in treating wounds and soothing skin.[44]
The Chelsea Physic Garden has cultivated medicinal plants since 1673. The plant shown here is montbretia (crocosmia aurea), used as a remedy for dysentery.
Picture. Psidium guajavaGuavaIt has a rich history of use in traditional medicine. It is traditionally used to treat diarrhea; however, evidence of its effectiveness is very limited.[143][144]
Picture. Citrus limonLemonAlong with othercitruses, it has a long history of use inChineseandIndian traditional medicine.[58]In contemporary use, honey and lemon is common for treating coughs and sore throat.
Picture. Hypericum perforatumSt. John's wortWidely used within herbalism for depression. Evaluated for use as anantidepressant, but with ambiguous results.[98][99][100]
Picture. Geranium robertianumRobert geraniumIn traditionalherbalism, it was used as a remedy for toothache and nosebleeds[88]and as avulnerary(used for or useful in healing wounds).[89]
Picture. Mentha x piperitaPeppermintIts oil, from a cross betweenwater mintandspearmint, has a history of medicinal use for a variety of conditions, includingnausea,indigestion, and symptoms of thecommon cold.[124]
Picture. Cinchonaspec.CinchonaGenusof about 38speciesof trees whose bark is a source ofalkaloids, includingquinine. Its use as afebrifugewas first popularized in the 17th century byPeruvianJesuits.[56]
Picture. Frangula alnusAlder buckthornBark (and to a lesser extent the fruit) has been used as alaxative, due to its 3 – 7%anthraquinonecontent. Bark for medicinal use is dried and stored for a year before use, as fresh bark is violently purgative; even dried bark can be dangerous if taken in excess.[85]
Picture. Lawsonia inermisHennaThe plants exhibits potential antibacterial activity. The alcoholic extract of the root has antibacterial activity due to the presence of flavonoid and alkaloids. Henna is also thought to show anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects in experimental animals.[116]
Picture. Symphytum officinaleComfreyIt has been used as avulneraryand to reduceinflammation.[170]It was also used internally in the past, for stomach and other ailments, but its toxicity has led a number of other countries, including Canada, Brazil, Australia, and the United Kingdom, to severely restrict or ban the use of comfrey.[171]
Picture. Digitalis lanataDigitalisor foxgloveIt came into use in treatingcardiac diseasein late 18th century England in spite of its high toxicity.aIts use has been almost entirely replaced by the pharmaceutical derivativeDigoxin, which has a shorter half-life in the body, and whose toxicity is therefore more easily managed.[66]Digoxin is used as anantiarrhythmic agentandinotrope.[67]
Picture. Viola tricolorWild pansyIt is one of many viola plant species containingcyclotides. These smallpeptideshave proven to be useful in drug development due to their size and structure giving rise to high stability. Many cyclotides, found inViola tricolorarecytotoxic.[197]This feature means that it could be used to treatcancers.[198][197]
Picture. Larrea tridentataChaparralThe leaves and twigs are used byNative Americansto make aherbal teaused for a variety of conditions, includingarthritis,cancerand a number of others. Subsequent studies have been extremely variable, at best. Chaparral has also been shown to have high liver toxicity, and has led tokidney failure, and is not recommended for any use by the U.S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA) orAmerican Cancer Society.[111][112]
Leptocephalus larva.
Hylaeus leptocephalus.
Cerioporus leptocephalus.
The medial and lateral pterygoid muscles; the zygomatic arch and a portion of the ramus of the mandible have been removed
Mandible. The mandible
Mandible, lateral surface, side view
Mandible, medial surface, side view
Mandible. Thehuman skull, with themandibleshown in purple at the bottom.
Body and ramus of the mandible. The mandibular foramen is labeled on the right. The lingula is just above the mandibular foramen.
Xiahe mandible
Sagittal section of the articulation of the mandible
The parasitoidal wasp Larra bicolor was introduced to Florida to help control Neoscapteriscus mole crickets there.
Crickets being raised for human consumption
Deep-fried house crickets sold as food at a market in Thailand
Two adult domestic crickets, Acheta domesticus, feeding on carrot
Pygmy mole crickets are members of the suborder Caelifera.
The abdominal terminus of male scorpionflies is enlarged into a "genital bulb", as seen in Panorpa communis
Milking asnakefor the production of antivenom
Chappell Island tiger snake, shows fangs
Old-style snake bite kit that should not be used.
King Brown Snake on roadside near Tibooburra.
Coral snake.
Tiger snake.
Rough-scaled snake.
Red-bellied black snake.
Eastern brown snake.
King brown snake.
Activated charcoal for medical use
Dangerous snake poster published by Museum Victoria in 1877
King brown snake at the Armadale Reptile Centre
Activated charcoal bread for sale in a farmer's market.
Aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+). Monomer of human aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) with aspace-filling modelofNAD+in the active site.[1]
NADH dehydrogenase (quinone). Structure of NADH dehydrogenase (quinone). PDB entry3iam[1]
Lactate dehydrogenase. Lactate dehydrogenase M tetramer (LDH5), Human
Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+). Crystallographic structure of human glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1.[1]
NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase N-terminus. crystal structure of the n-(1-d-carboxylethyl)-l-norvaline dehydrogenase from arthrobacter sp. strain 1c
NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase C-terminus. structure of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from archaeoglobus fulgidus
D-lactate dehydrogenase, membrane binding. crystal structure of d-lactate dehydrogenase, a peripheral membrane respiratory enzyme.
lactate dehydrogenase B(subunit H). Crystal structure of B-lactate dehydrogenase. FromPDB:1T2F​.
lactate dehydrogenase A(subunit M). Human lactate dehydrogenase M4(theisoenzymefound inskeletal muscle). FromPDB:1I10​.
lactate dehydrogenase C. Crystal structure of Mouse Testicular Lactate dehydrogenase (C4). FromPDB:2LDX​.
NADH Dehydrogenase Mechanism:  1. The seven primary iron sulfur centers serve to carry electrons from the site of NADH dehydration to ubiquinone. Note that N7 is not found in eukaryotes.  2. There is a reduction of ubiquinone (CoQ) to ubiquinol (CoQH2).  3. The energy from the redox reaction results in conformational change allowing hydrogen ions to pass through four transmembrane helix channels.
Pymol-generated image of E1 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in E. Coli
Pymol-generated E3 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in Pseudomonas putida
Muscle biopsy of a person diagnosed with MELAS but carrying no known mutation. (a) Modified Gomori trichrome stain showing several ragged red fibers (arrowhead). (b) Cytochrome c oxidase stain showing Type-1 lightly stained and Type II fibers, darker fibers, and a few fibers with abnormal collections of mitochondria (arrowhead). Note cytochrome c oxidase negative fibers as usually seen in mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). (c) Succinate dehydrogenase staining showing a few ragged blue fibers and intense staining in the mitochondria of the blood vessels (arrow). (d) Electron microscopy showing abnormal collection of mitochondria with paracrystalline inclusions (arrowhead), osmiophilic inclusions (large arrowhead) and mitochondrial vacuoles (small arrowhead).[6]
Arrow pushing mechanism for the reaction catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase
succinate dehydrogenase (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase). The structure of SQR in a phospholipid membrane.SdhA,SdhB,SdhCandSdhD
The mechanism of an aldehyde dehydrogenase, note the use of NAD+ as an electron acceptor.
Alcohol dehydrogenase oxidizes ethanol, with the help of the electron carrier NAD+, yielding acetaldehyde
Sodium exchange process between ions adsorbed at the surface of clay particles and those in the soil moisture
Contour plowing in Pennsylvania in 1938. The rows formed slow surface water run-off during rainstorms to prevent soil erosion and allows the water time to infiltrate into the soil.
Minimal surface
A cross section of a soil, revealing horizons
Temperature dependency of the surface tension of benzene
Former Bank of Montreal branch in Ottawa, now a historical building.
Excavation showing soil contamination at a disused gasworks in England.
Current Bank of America branch in Porter Ranch, Los Angeles, California
Alkali soil. Rice cultivation /paddyfieldin alkali soils
A horticulture student taking a soil sample in a garden near Lawrenceville, Georgia
This diagram illustrates the force necessary to increase the surface area. This force is proportional to the surface tension.