JUNJIE99/VISTA_Evaluation huggingface dataset:
Jamkaran Mosque in Qom, Iran where Hassan ibn Muthlih Jamkarani is reported to have met the Twelver's 12th Imam Muhammad al-Mahdi.
Al 'Askarī Shrine. Al-Asakari Mosque in January 2017
The Mosque of Al-Askari in Samarra, Iraq, 2017. This is where Twelver Imams Ali al-Hadi and Al-Hasan al-Askari, the resting place of the father and grandfather of the Twelver Shia Mahdi.
The Mosque of Al-Askari in Samarra, Iraq, 2017. This is where Twelver Imams Ali al-Hadi and Al-Hasan al-Askari, respectively considered the grandfather and father of the Twelver Mahdi, are buried.
Timeline depicting the transition of Ismaili Nizari seat from Egypt to Persia between 980 and 1153, with important dates around the 20th Nizari Ismaili Imam Al-Hadi..jpg Edited by: Dr Bassam Zahra
The Egyptian capital city of Cairo in 2014, where At-Tayyib Abu'l-Qasim, son of Fatimid Caliph Al-Amir bi-Ahkami'l-Lah, was born. Pictured are the Sultan Hasan and Al-Rifa'i Mosques.
The extent of the Senussi order under Muhammad al-Mahdi as-Senussi
Sadiq al-Madi in 1987
Muhammad Al Mahdi bin Sayyid Muhammad es Senussi
Calligraphic representation of the name of Muhammad al-Mahdi as it appears in the Prophet's Mosque in Medina
Al-Kadhimiya Mosque
Al-Askari Mosque before the 2006 bombing
The most familiar spherical polyhedron is the soccer ball, thought of as a spherical truncated icosahedron.
Jost Bürgi and Antonius Eisenhoit: Armillary sphere with astronomical clock, made in 1585 in Kassel, now at Nordiska Museet in Stockholm
A sphere with a spherical triangle on it.
3D rendering of a Dyson sphere utilizing large, orbiting panels
An Ottoman illustration of an armillary sphere, 16th century
The Fundamental Theory of Projective Geometry
Geometry and dynamics to derive the sphere of influence
Hill sphere and Sphere Of Influence for Solar System bodies.
Great circle on a sphere
Armillary sphere diagram
The Armillary sphere in Geneva
A spherical sector (blue)
A spherical sector
Marginal tax rates on wage income for a person in Class 1 with only standard deductions, 2010
The Internal Revenue Code is the primary statutory basis of federal tax law in the United States. The Code of Federal Regulations is the Treasury Department's regulatory interpretation of the federal tax laws passed by Congress, which carry the weight of law if the interpretation is reasonable. Tax treaties and case law in U.S. Tax Court and other federal courts constitute the remainder of tax law in the United States.
Average tax rates on wage income for a person in Class 1 with only standard deductions, 2010
Pierre Moscovici, EU Tax Commissioner said on the 24 January 2017, the EU did not consider Ireland a tax haven,[11] but on 18 January 2018 said that Ireland was a tax blackhole.[29]
Negative income tax     Progressive income tax    Base pay
Gandhi making salt and disobeying the British salt production and tax laws.
Pieter Brueghel the Younger, The tax collector's office, 1640
Pima County, Arizona delinquent property tax list for auction by the County Treasurer
Budget's constraint shift after an introduction of a lump sum tax or a general tax on consumption or a proportional income tax.
The White House Peace Vigil, started by Thomas in 1981 and supported by tax resister Ellen Thomas.
Annual number of US corporate tax inversions (1983–2016). Source: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.[1]
Emissions trading and carbon taxes around the world (2021)[65]  Carbon tax implemented or scheduled  Carbon emission trading implemented or scheduled   Carbon emission trading or carbon tax under consideration
"'Revenue Reform' Train Stopped by 'Vested Interests,' 'Local Issues,' 'Trusts,' and other poles" — Political cartoon from 1880–1900 commenting on tax reform.
Symmetries of a regular pentagon. Vertices are colored by their symmetry positions. Blue mirror lines are drawn through vertices and edges. Gyration orders are given in the center.
A regular skew hexagon seen as edges (black) of a triangular antiprism, symmetry D3d, [2+,6], (2*3), order 12.
Another option of diagrammatically indicating a right angle, using an angle curve and a small dot.
A saddle rectangle has 4 nonplanar vertices, alternated from vertices of a cuboid, with a unique minimal surface interior defined as a linear combination of the four vertices, creating a saddle surface. This example shows 4 blue edges of the rectangle, and two green diagonals, all being diagonal of the cuboid rectangular faces.
Donald H. Rumsfeld, U.S. Secretary of Defense and Pranab Mukherjee, Minister of Defense for India, at Pentagon, Washington, D.C., 2005.
A typical West Riding fingerpost with grid reference
Jefferson Hall, Hotel C, West Range
Edgar Allan Poe room on the West Range, 1915.
A brick arcade on the West Range.
The Range, Andover (2006)
Historic divisions of Yorkshire
Shrewsbury market square
ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. EFG is the diagonal triangle of ABCD. The point T of intersection of the bimedians of ABCD belongs to the nine-point circle of EFG.
Triangle = Tri (three) + Angle
Joint Functional Component Command for Space (JFCC Space) Emblem
JFHQ-NCR's Joint Operations Center at its dedication at Ft. McNair, Washington, D.C., August 2, 2004.
United States Armed Forces honour guards are provided by the Joint Service Honor Guard of the National Capital Region and the Department of Defense (members of which are seen here), which is a sub-unit of the JFH-NCR.
Joint Force Space Component Command seal
Signature. Headquarters Air Force Badge
Air Force District of Washington. Air Force District of Washington emblem
Raymond visits Thule Air Base in 2017 as Air Force Space Command commander
601st Air and Space Operations Center at Tyndall AFB, Florida
USAFCENT CAOC at Al Udeid Air Base, Qatar, 2009
On 27 November 2006[1] The Hellraiser Films And Their Legacy was released. The non-fiction book chronicled the production of the films, their spin-offs, and the franchise's legacy in popular culture.[2]
Hellraiser: Revelations. DVD cover
Hellraiser: Inferno. Home video poster
Hellraiser: Hellworld. Home video poster
Hellraiser: Judgment. Home media release artwork
Doug Bradley as Captain Elliott Spencer in Hellraiser III: Hell on Earth.
Pinhead's chaotic facial cuts from Gary J. Tunnicliffe's design for the cancelled Hellraiser reboot were repurposed for the Auditor.
Concept art by Gary Tunnicliffe for Pinhead from Patrick Lussier's defunct Hellraiser reboot. Several ideas and concepts were developed for the project, with William Fichtner at one point considered for the role of the Hell Priest.[38][39]
The first image of another world from space, returned by Luna 3, showed the far side of the Moon in October 1959.
Buzz Aldrinon the Moon as photographed byNeil Armstrong(Armstrong seen in the visor reflection along with Earth,[1]theLunar ModuleEagle, and the U.S. flag)
AS12-48-7134: Apollo 12 astronaut Pete Conrad with the uncrewed Surveyor 3, which had landed on the Moon in 1967. Parts of Surveyor were brought back to Earth by Apollo 12. The camera (near Conrad's right hand) is on display at the National Air and Space Museum
AS16-123-19657: Long-exposure photograph taken from the surface of the Moon by Apollo 16 using the Far Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph. It shows the Earth with the correct background of stars (some labeled)
Apsidal precession—The major axis of Moon's elliptical orbit rotates by one complete revolution once every 8.85 years in the same direction as the Moon's rotation itself. This image looks upwards depicting Earth's geographic south pole and the elliptical shape of the Moon's orbit (vastly exaggerated from its almost circular shape to make the precession evident) is rotating from white to greyer orbits.
Moon's orbit and sizes of Earth and Moon to scale.
Variation of the distance between the centers of the Moon and the Earth over 700 days.
Photo of Earth and Moon, taken by the OSIRIS-REx probe
Luna, the Moon, from a 1550 edition of Guido Bonatti's Liber astronomiae
Geological features of the Moon (near side / north pole at left, far side / south pole at right)
Location of Pune district in Maharashtra in India
Kien Svayស្រុកកៀនស្វាយ. A field in Kien Svay
Kandal Provinceខេត្តកណ្ដាល. Oudong, the 17th century capital of Cambodia, is located in Kandal Province
Svay Rieng Municipalityក្រុងស្វាយរៀងKrong Svay Rieng.
Macaques at Phnom Pros, Kampong Cham Province
Lakhon Khol or Khmer Masked Theatre. Lakhon Khol Cambodia Art painting
Paddy field in Siem Reap Province
Farmers harvesting rice in Battambang Province
An ethnic map of Cambodia
Tens of thousands of people were killed during the US bombing of Cambodia between 1970 and 1973.[62]Operation Eagle Pull
Antigovernment protests in support of opposition party CNRP took place in Cambodia following the 2013 general election.
Cambodia's deputy opposition leader Kem Sokha (left) has been arrested in September 2017 while opposition leader Sam Rainsy (right) has lived in exile since November 2015
Stand selling ice cream in many flavors at Xochimilco
A farmer weeding his crops on one of Xochimilco's remaining chinampas
Xochimilco. Trajinera boats at Xochimilco
Artist's recreation of central Cahokia. Cahokia's east-west baseline transects the Woodhenge, Monk's Mound, and several other large mounds
Chinelos dancers in Xochimilco
View of part of the main plaza of the center of Xochimilco
Facade of the San Bernardino Church in the center of Xochimilco
Sawdust painting done for Day of the Dead in Xochimilco
View of part of the Xochimilco Ecological Park
Another view of the Xochimilco Ecological Park
Lake Xochimilco. Lake Xochimilco
Colourful trajineras (rafts) on Lake Xochimilco
Lake Xochimilco, in a detail from the 1847 Bruff/Disturnell map
Xochimilco. TheValley of Mexicoat the time of theSpanish conquestshowing the location of lake Xochimilco.
Brunelleschi's original design of the Foundling Hospital.[25] Digital reconstruction by Adriano Marinazzo.
Brunelleschi's tomb
Model of the boat built by Brunelleschi in 1427 to transport marble
Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici, founder of the Medici bank
Giuliano de' Medici. Portrait of Giuliano de' Medici, afterRaphael.
Notes. 16 June 2012[41]The Prince of Wales1948LivingHonorary rank, royal family (heir apparent)
AVNOJ decision on promoting Tito to the rank of Marshal of Yugoslavia
General Emilio Aguinaldo, the first holder of five star rank as the first president and commander-in-chief of the Philippines
First Marshal of the EmpirePrimo Maresciallo dell'Impero. First Marshal of the Empire sleeve rank insignia.
Notes. 11 December 1936[17]King George VI18951952Assumed the rank on the date shown following accession to the throne.
Notes. 21 January 1936[16]King Edward VIII18941972Assumed the rank on the date shown following accession to the throne.
Sotamarsalkka. C. G. E. Mannerheimwearing the rank insignia ofsotamarsalkka, Finnish field marshal, as established for the m/36 service uniform.
Notes. 13 June 2014[42]Lord Stirrup1949LivingChief of the Air Staff2003–2006Chief of the Defence Staff2006–2010Honorary rank.
Commands held. François Christophe de KellermannDuke ofValmyMay 28th, 1735 inStrasbourgSeptember 23rd, 1820 in Paris1804Battle of ValmyArmy of Alsace,Army of the Rhine, Command of Training & Reserve forces, President of the Senate
The mother of a prisoner thanks Konrad Adenauer upon his return from Moscow on September 14, 1955. Adenauer had succeeded in concluding negotiations for the release to Germany, by the end of that year, of 15,000 German civilians and prisoners of war.
Memorial at the border transit and release camp Moschendorf (1945–1957). The inscription states it was the door to freedom for hundreds of thousands of prisoners of war, civilian prisoners, and expellees.
An improvised camp for Soviet POWs. Between June 1941 and January 1942, the Nazis killed an estimated 2.8 million Soviet prisoners of war, whom they viewed as "subhuman".[78]
Soviet prisoners of war at Gusen, October 1941
A group of recently released German prisoners-of-war waiting to be sent back home, before their repatriation in 1949.
Economy of Nazi Germany. Prisoner work force in the construction of theValentin submarine pensforU-boats, in 1944
Allama Iqbal International Airportعلامہ اقبال بین الاقوامی ہوائی اڈا.
Photograph taken during Allama Iqbal's youth in 1899
Plaque at Portugal Place, Cambridge commemorating Allama Iqbal's residence there during his time at Trinity College
Allama Sir Muhammad Iqbal
Allama Iqbal with his son Javed Iqbal in 1930
Allama Iqbal after the conferment of a Doctorate of Literature by the University of the Punjab in 1933
Bahrain International Airport's departure terminal, 2014
Multan International Airport's new terminal was built in 2015.
Abdus Salam was the world's second scientist from a Muslim country to win a Nobel Prize.
A PIA Airbus A300 at Fiumicino Airport, Italy circa 1991.PIA Boeing 747 Combi taxing at London's London Heathrow International Airport in June 1992.
Kuala Lumpur International Airport.
Aerial view of Jinnah International Airport taken in 2010
Description. wood screwA metal screw with a sharp point designed to attach two pieces of wood together. Wood screws are commonly available with flat, pan or oval-heads. A wood screw generally has a partially unthreaded shank below the head. The unthreaded portion of the shank is designed to slide through the top board (closest to the screw head) so that it can be pulled tight to the board to which it is being attached. Inch-sized wood screws in the U.S. are defined by ANSI-B18.6.1-1981(R2003), while in Germany they are defined by DIN 95 (Slotted raised countersunk (oval) head wood screws), DIN 96 (Slotted round head wood screws), and DIN 97 (Slotted countersunk (flat) head wood screws).
Oral-B rechargeable toothbrush, showing the TP3 headed screw used to hold the case together. When the rechargeable battery is no longer serviceable, the toothbrush may be dismantled with this screw and the battery and motor units sent separately for recycling. The battery charger has a molded screwdriver on its case.
Description. Security head screwThese screws are use for security purposes and where vandalism and/or theft is likely. The head of this type of screw is impossible to reverse. It requires special tools or mechanisms likespanners, tri-wings,torxes, square drivers, etc. In some screws, the head can be removed by breaking it after installing the screw.
A good summary of screw thread standards in current use in 1914 was given in Colvin FH, Stanley FA (eds) (1914): American Machinists' Handbook, 2nd ed, New York and London, McGraw-Hill, pp. 16–22. USS, metric, Whitworth, and BA standards are discussed. The SAE series was not mentioned—at the time this edition of the Handbook was being compiled, they were either still in development or just newly introduced.
Two types of screw terminals showing a significant development in design. Basic, with the wires held between the screw heads and the terminals (left) and with the wires held, reversely, between the metal clamping plates and the rear of the terminals (right).
Camshaft cover stud threaded 1⁄4-20 UNC (left, for aluminium cylinder head) and 1⁄4-28 UNF (right, for steel nut; from a 1960s Jaguar XK engine)
A table of standard sizes for machine screws as provided by the American Screw Company of Providence, Rhode Island, USA, and published in a Mechanical Engineers' Handbook of 1916. Standards seen here overlap with those found elsewhere marked as ASME and SAE standards and with the later Unified Thread Standard (UTS) of 1949 and afterward. One can see the theme of how later standards reflect a degree of continuation from earlier standards, sometimes with hints of long-ago intracompany origins. For example, compare the 6–32, 8–32, 10–24, and 10–32 options in this table with the UTS versions of those sizes, which are not identical but are so close that interchange would work.
A bolt (with a nut) and a screw
Lag screw, also called a lag bolt
Description. Weld nutDesigned to be welded to another object
An M4 nut threaded onto an Allen key socket head screw
A structural bolt with a hex nut and washer
Two paired screw terminals, typically used for connecting ceiling-mounted light fixtures
Combination flanged-hex/Phillips-head screw used in computers
According to the constitution, Greek Orthodoxy is the prevailing religion of Greece; this is reinforced by displays of the Greek flag and national emblem at church properties.
Eastern Orthodoxy in Europe
Spanish-style church in Shandon, California
In Durrës, a church built between 1994 and 2002
The First Baptist Church in America in Providence, Rhode Island (American Baptist Churches USA)
Distribution of religions and irreligion in Hungary, 2011 census.
St. Philip's Church in the Highlands, an Episcopal church in Garrison, New York
The first All-American Sobor was held March 5–7, 1907.
First Baptist Church in Minneapolis, Minnesota
Bethesda Temple Apostolic Church in Dayton, Ohio
Angelus Temple, an Evangelical Church in Los Angeles
Sura al-Baqarah, verses 282-286, from an early Quranic manuscript written on vellum (mid-late 7th century CE)
The Throne Verse (Ayat Al-Kursi) in the form of a calligraphic horse, India, Deccan, Bijapur - 16th century
Joseph with his father Jacob and brothers in Egypt from Zubdat-al Tawarikh in the Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum in Istanbul, dedicated to Sultan Murad III in 1583
*Rasm -- also called "consonantal skeleton" -- (example in black) was the only script found in the earliest surviving fragments of the Quran. Most variations of the Quran that had different rasm were found in Ahruf variants.[17] *I‘jām or nuqat al-I'jam (examples in red) was added in later Arabic (possibly around 700 CE)[18] so that  letters (mostly consonants, such as these five letters ـبـ ـتـ ـثـ ـنـ ـيـ ; y, n, th, t, b) could be distinguished. *Ḥarakāt or nuqaṭ ali'rab (examples in blue) indicate other vocalizations -- short vowels, nunization, glottal stops, long consonants. Variations among Qira'at mostly involve harakat.
۩ Āyah 58, in Surah Maryam.
Jonah and the giant fish in the Jami' al-tawarikh (c. 1400), Metropolitan Museum of Art
Jonah (top-right) in a 16th-century Ottoman Turkish illustration.[3] The surah is named after Jonah (Yunus) and contains the story of his people.
A tunnel boring machine used to excavate the Gotthard Base Tunnel, the world's longest rail tunnel
Cutting head of the tunnel boring machine prior to tunneling, 2013
Rear of tunnel boring machine with completed tunnel walls behind it in 2017
A tunnel boring machine that was used at Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository
Back of tunnel boring machine and partially completed tunnel with concrete walls in place in 2017
Front of a model of the tunnel boring machine at Milepost 31, the tunnel project information center
Freighter Fairpartner carrying the disassembled tunnel boring machine into the Port of Seattle
Cutting head of tunnel boring machine "Brenda" (right) at Roosevelt Station pit after completing tunnel from Northgate
The Harbor Tunnel in Baltimore, which carries I-895, serves as an example of a water-crossing tunnel built instead of a bridge.
The entrance to the Pont de l'Alma tunnel, the site where Diana's car hit a Fiat and then the wall. There was no proper barrier and this contributed to her death
The support structures at the rear of a TBM. This machine was used to excavate the main tunnel of the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository in Nevada.
Tunnel boring machine at the site of Weinberg tunnell Altstetten-Zürich-Oerlikon near Zürich Oerlikon railway station
The three eastern portals of Liverpool Edge Hill tunnels, built into a hand dug deep cutting. The left tunnel with tracks is the short 1846 second Crown Street Tunnel, still used for shunting; next on the right partially hidden by undergrowth is the 2.03 km (1.26 mi) 1829 disused Wapping Tunnel, to the right again hidden by undergrowth, is the original short disused 1829 Crown Street Tunnel.
The southbound lanes of the tunnel, seen during the opening celebration
Murine Epo Receptor truncations and known functions. Erythroid differentiation depends on transcriptional regulator GATA1. EpoR is thought to contribute to differentiation via multiple signaling pathways including the STAT5 pathway. In erythropoiesis, EpoR is best known for inducing survival of progenitors.
interleukin 2 receptor, alpha chain.
interleukin 2 receptor, beta chain.
interleukin 2 receptor, gamma chain(severe combined immunodeficiency).
Lt. Yoshinori Yamaguchi's Yokosuka D4Y3 (Type 33 Suisei) "Judy" in a suicide dive against USS Essex on 25 November 1944. The attack left 15 killed and 44 wounded. The dive brakes are extended and the non-self-sealing port wing tank trails fuel vapor and/or smoke.
Afghanistan suicide bomb attacks, including non-detonated, 2002–2008
Wreckage vehicles after a 2001 suicide bombing in Beit Lid Junction
Chinese suicide bomber putting on 24 hand grenade-explosive vest prior to attack on Japanese tanks at the Battle of Taierzhuang.
26 May 1945. Corporal Yukio Araki, holding a puppy, with four other pilots of the 72nd Shinbu Squadron at Bansei, Kagoshima. Araki died the following day, at the age of 17, in a suicide attack on ships near Okinawa.
A Shinyo suicide boat
A suicide vest with ball bearings
The number of suicide attacks grew enormously after 2000.[14]
Suicide attacks on the World Trade Center
River Meghna from the bridge over the river
Boat in Meghna River
Meghna River Basin
Meghna Bridge.
Ganges. Map of the combined drainage basins of the Ganges (yellow), Brahmaputra (violet) and Meghna (green)
Sunset from the river Padma during monsoon, Rajpara, Rajshahi
TitasTitash. Titas River, seen fromBrahmanbaria
A procession of Akharas marching over a makeshift bridge over the Ganges River. Kumbh Mela at Allahabad, 2001.
James Rennell's 1776 map shows the Brahmaputra's flow before an earthquake on 2 April 1762 and the Teesta River flowing in three channels to the Ganga before a flood in 1787.
Evening at Buriganga River, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Paavo Nurmi (1897–1973), a Finnish middle-distance and long-distance runner, nicknamed the "Flying Finn" or the "Phantom Finn", set 22 official world records at distances between 1500 m and 20 km, winning nine golds and three silvers in his 12 events at the Olympic Games.
The Olympic flag
Compact stun gunsA concealable weapon shaped and sized like a lipstick tubeMobile phone-style stun gun
A group of US Marines in Iraq in 2005, armed with a combat shotgun, assault rifle, and squad automatic weapon
The Colt AR-15 carbine is a semi-automatic rifle chambered for fixed centerfire ammunition that fires one round each time the trigger is pulled. The weapon features a pistol grip and a flash suppressor.
An inside the waistband (IWB) concealment holster, which clips or mounts to a belt and allows the user to securely holster the weapon inside the pants. Some IWB holsters give the wearer the option of tucking a shirt over the firearm and holster.
TasersRaysun X-1, a multi-purpose handheld weapon that fires two stun probes (for high-voltage shocks), rubber bullets, pepper, and paintballs. Without the probes it works as a stun gun.Taser Stoper C2, with cartridge removed. A self-defense weapon.
Calculation of the valence electron equivalent for phosphate and orthonitrate
An endohedral fullerene compound containing a noble gas atom
The story of Goldilocks and the Three Bears uses the rule of three extensively, with the protagonist examining three sets of three items in a house, finding only the third of each set to be satisfactory
Cartoon by James Gillray satirizing Sir Francis Buller, 1782: "Judge Thumb; or, Patent Sticks for Family Correction: Warranted Lawful!"
Boucard's wren.
Thrush-like wren.
Wren near the entrance of a nest in a cholla cactus. Despite the prickly thorns, this wren's plumage remains in good condition.
A wren next to a nest lined with feathers. While nesting in jumping cholla is preferred, this wren has chosen another, less spiny, species of cholla.
Rufous-bellied thrush
Rosy thrush-tanager
Cobb's wren is an insular endemic, restricted to the Falkland Islands
Bewick's wren (Thryomanes bewickii)
Long-billed wren (Cantorchilus longirostris)
Grey-mantled wren (Odontorchilus branickii)
Black-throated wren (Pheugopedius atrogularis)
House wren
Spotted wren.
The Elbe near Festung Königstein in Germany
The Elbe passing Dresden