JUNJIE99/VISTA_Evaluation huggingface dataset:
A pair of scales: An instrument for measuring mass in a force field by balancing forces.
A miniature electro-mechanical goniometer stage. This type of stage is used primarily in the field of lasers and optics.
Measuring absolute pressure in an accelerated reference frame: The principle of a mercury (Hg) barometer in the gravitational field of the earth.
Boxer Rebellion and Eight-Nation Alliance, China 1900–1901
Boxer Rebellion. Top: US troopsscale the walls of BeijingMiddle: Japanese soldiers in theBattle of TientsinBottom: British and Japanese soldiers in theBattle of Beijing
Painting of Western, Russian and Japanese troops
Japanese marines who served in the Seymour Expedition
Qing imperial soldiers during the Boxer Rebellion
Russian officers in Manchuria during the Boxer Rebellion
American troops during the Boxer Rebellion
Queen Victoria in 1897, the year after she founded the Royal Victorian Order
Manawatū-Whanganui.
Population density in Manawatū-Whanganui at the 2006 census
Pūtiki pā on the Whanganui River in 1850
View of Whanganui, New Zealand, 1847, John Alexander Gilifillan,watercolour.
The Royal Whanganui Opera House, March 1967. The building, one of New Zealand's last Victorian theatres, still stands today.
Westbound train in Manawatu Gorge, viewed from White Horse Rapids lookout, Manawatū Gorge Track
A panoramic view of Wanganui, New Zealand, from the top of the War Memorial Tower on Durie Hill. In the centre is Wanganui City Bridge.
Wellington was for a long time the only city of New Zealand that retained a well-patronised commuter rail system. Only in the 2000s was there a (continuing) resurgence in Auckland's commuter rail patronage, driven in great part by new investment in infrastructure.
Central business district of Blenheim in 2012
Auckland, the largest city in New Zealand
A railway worker cottage in Milson. 70 of these were built by the Railways Department in 1926.
An Air New Zealand McDonnell Douglas DC-10 in 1977. DC-10 deliveries began in 1973 and they introduced a new colour scheme, being the first of the airline's aircraft to feature the now-ubiquitous koru logo.
Business Premier flatbed seat
Forward 747-400 Business cabin with personal entertainment
An Afghan rug
The Afghan rubab
Afghan infantry soldier in 1890
Afghan Army soldiers in the 1950s
Afghan saffron has been recognized as the world's best
Some of the popular Afghan dishes
Afghan royal soldiers of the Durrani Empire.
Afghan MD 530F firing off its gun pods
Emblem of the Afghan National Army from 1978-1979
Afghan National Police (ANP) in Kunar Province
Afghan women at a textile factory in Kabul
An Ariana Afghan Airlines Airbus A310 in 2006
Bodies of people killed in April 1993 around Vitez.
Massacres of over 50 people in the years 1997 and 1998
Public execution of Polish priests and civilians in Bydgoszcz's Old Market Square, 9 September 1939. The Polish Church suffered a brutal persecution under Nazi Occupation.
The Nazi Gauleiter of Vienna, Odilo Globocnik. who launched a crusade against the Church
Polish prisoners toast their liberation from Dachau. Nazi persecution of Catholics was at its most severe in occupied Poland.
Bishop Konrad von Preysing was Bishop of Berlin, the capital city of Nazi Germany. He provided aid to the city's Jews and had links to the German Resistance.
Amphithéâtre des Trois-Gaules, in Lyon. The pole in the arena is a memorial to the people killed during this persecution.
The Blessed Clemens August Graf von Galen, Bishop of Münster spoke out against euthanasia in Nazi Germany.[93]
Map of the Holocaust in German occupied Poland with deportation routes and massacre sites. Major ghettos are marked with yellow stars. Nazi extermination camps are marked with white skulls in black squares. The border in 1941 between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union is marked in red.
Soviet Prime Minister Vyacheslav Molotov signs the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. Behind him stand (left) German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop and (right) Joseph Stalin. The Pact created a Nazi–Soviet alliance and sealed the fate of Poland.
Cross section depicting the tectonic evolution of the Bangong suture zone. 1. An oceanic backarc basin forms separating the Amdo basement from the Qiangtang terrane. Slab rollback is a possible explanation for this extension. 2. Continued subduction of oceanic crust in the early-middle Jurassic. Closure of the oceanic back arc basin causes ophiolite obduction and a period of metamorphism in the Amdo basement. 3. In the early Cretaceous, the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes collide creating the Bangong suture. A foreland basin also forms at this time. Cross section is modified from Guynn et al., 2006.[8]
The colours indicate the age of oceanic crust, wherein redder indicates younger age, and bluer indicates older age. The lines represent tectonic plate boundaries.
Fig 5: Geologic - Tectonic map of the Himalaya, modified after Le Fort & Cronin (1988). Green is the Indus-Yarlung suture zone.
Fig 3: The earth in the Cretaceous. The Cimmeridian Superterrane has accreted to Mega Laurasia, the oceanic crust of the Neotethys is subducted to the north along the Dras volcanic arc, the Shigatze Ocean opens as a consequence of back-arc spreading, India is separated from Africa and E. Gondwana and the Indian Ocean opens. Paleogeographic reconstructions based by Dèzes (1999), on Stampfli & Borel (2002) and Patriat & Achache (1984).
A wound before and after suture closure. The closure incorporates five simple interrupted sutures and one vertical mattress suture (center) at the apex of the wound.
General map of central and southern Tibet depicting the Bangong suture (located between the BSZ and Qiangtang terrane) and Bangong suture zone (BSZ) and surrounding terranes.  Map is modified from Guynn et al., 2011.[1]
Two processes that can contribute to the formation of orogens. Top: delamination of orogenic roots into the asthenosphere; Bottom: Subduction of lithospheric plate to mantle depths. The two processes lead to differently located metamorphic rocks (bubbles in diagram), providing evidence as to which process actually occurred at convergent plate margins.[5]
Regions of the suture line and variants in suture patterns
Cross section of the Himalaya, the suture zone is shown in green
Surgical suture. Surgical suture onneedle holder. Packaging shown above.
During the first dressing, Redon's drain was removed and the sutures were checked (Surgical suture)
Micrograph of a H&E stained tissue section showing a non-absorbable multi-filament surgical suture with a surrounding foreign-body giant cell reaction
Geologic map of Northern Europe. Parts of the Trans-European Suture Zone (STZ, TEF and TTZ) are shown as narrow bands of light-blue colour between the North Sea and the Black Sea.
Basalt bowl with engraved inscription in Luwian hieroglyphics found in Babylon in the 1880s and now in the collection of the British Museum[22]
Payava (his name is Pamphylian) as depicted on his tomb. The Lycian inscription runs: “Payava, son of Ed[...], acquired [this grave] in the sacred [burial] area of the acropolis(?) of A[rttumba]ra (a Lycian ruler), when Lycia saw(?) S[alas](??) [as governor(?)]. This tomb I made, a 10 year [h]iti (project?), by means of Xanthian ahamas.” Payava may be the soldier at the right, honoring his ruler Arttumbara with a laurel wreath.[8] 375-360 BC.The inscription on the front of Payava's tomb in the Lycian language.
Distribution of Celtic languages. Halstatt culture (yellow), maximum Celtic expansion in 275 BC (teal), Lusitanian area (light green), areas of speech in the 21st century (dark green)
Expansion of the Phoenician language
A police raid confiscating illegal alcohol, in Elk Lake, Canada, in 1925.
Pancreas. Anatomy of the pancreas
Diagram showing different functional parts of the pancreas
The United States Navy provides informative, in-depth training on alcohol and drug abuse prevention to sailors and supervisors.
The back of an East Asian man showing alcohol flush reaction.
Hikers traversing the Franconia Ridge in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, much of which is in the alpine zone.
Alpine tundra in the Venezuelan Andes
Alpine flora near Cascade Pass
Alpine tundra in the North Cascades of Washington, United States
Alpine habitat on Mont Blanc Massif
Alpine lakes and forest, Denali National Park, Alaska
Alpine landscape below Malyovitsa Peak, Rila Mountain, Bulgaria
Alpine tundra above the tree line below Musala Peak in Rila Mountain, Bulgaria
Geological makeup of the Alps: The Central Alps are formed from the crystalline East Alpine ﻿and several windows, regional nappes and islands ﻿ ﻿ ﻿
Alpine tree line of Mountain pine and European spruce below the Subalpine zone of Bistrishko Branishte, with the surmounting Golyam Rezen Peak, Vitosha Mountain, Sofia, Bulgaria
A women's dance and ceremonial collar, made in traditional style by Oneida artist Karen Ann Hoffman, ca. 2007. In the collection of The Children's Museum of Indianapolis.
Oneida, Wisconsin.
Oneida. Oneida, Illinois
Oneida, Tennessee.
Oneida, Wisconsin. Location of Oneida, Wisconsin
Road entering the Oneida Reservation in Oneida, Wisconsin
A water tower for the Oneida Nation in Oneida, Wisconsin
Oneida Institute, Whitesboro, New York
Six surviving members of the Oneida F.C. at the inauguration of the monument that remembered the team, 1925
Oneida, Kansas. KDOTmap ofNemaha County(legend)
Oneida.
Spine of sphenoid bone. Sphenoid bone. Upper surface. (Spina angularis labeled at bottom left.)
The seven bones that form the orbit:yellow = Frontal bonegreen = Lacrimal bonebrown = Ethmoid boneblue = Zygomatic bonepurple = Maxillary boneaqua = Palatine bonered = Sphenoid boneteal = Nasal bone (illustrated but not part of the orbit)
Wedge-shaped sphenoid bone seen laterally
Figure 4 : Sphenoid bone at birth, posterior aspect.
Body of sphenoid bone. Figure 3: Sphenoid bone, upper and posterior surfaces.
Pterygoid processes of the sphenoid. Sphenoid bone, anterior and inferior surfaces.
Sphenoid sinus. Nose and nasal cavities. (Sphenoid sinus labeled at upper right.)
Spine of sphenoid bone. Articulation of the mandible. Medial aspect. (Spine of sphenoid labeled at center top.)
Map of language groups represented in the Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages and showing centres responsible for publishing the Indigenous language material.
A view of the banks of the Daya River, the supposed battlefield of Kalinga from atop Dhauli hills, Bhubaneswar, Odisha State
Butchered remains of a Rhinoceros philippinensis found in Rizal, Kalinga. An evidence of early hominins in the Philippines about 709,000 years ago.
A dagger-axe
World War I trench raiding club
War elephants in battle during the Carnatic Wars.
War elephants depicted in Hannibal crossing the Rhône (1878), by Henri Motte.
During World War I, elephants pulled heavy equipment. This one worked in a munitions yard in Sheffield.
A 15th-century Armenian miniature representing the Sassanid Persians War elephants in the Battle of Avarayr (451 CE).
An ornamented, 7th-century Merovingian battle axe head on display in the British Museum.[1][2]
Stone axe heads in polished greenstone from the collections of the Hôtel-Dieu in Tournus (Saône-et-Loire, France). Found in Saône River
Horseman's axe, circa 1475. The blade's punched decoration suggests German make.  This is an example of a battle axe that was tailored for the use of a mounted knight. The wooden haft is modern.
Citadel of Saint-Tropez
Saint-Tropez marina
Bust of Saint-Tropez during the Bravades
Aerial view of Saint-Tropez
Les Voiles de Saint-Tropez
Port of Saint-Tropez Paul Signac (1899)
Paul Signac, Leaving the port of Saint-Tropez, 1901
Saint-Tropez "le vieux port" (the old port)
Aerial view of Saint-Tropez, with Pampelonne beach in background and the citadel and the port in the foreground
Saint-TropezSant-Tropetz(Occitan). A view of Saint-Tropez
Saint Tropez Port View
The western part of Saint-Raphaël, with the Île d'Or on the left, as seen from Cap Dramont.
The eastern part of Saint-Raphaël, with its village Agay beyond the bay, as seen from Cap Dramont.
Saint-Domingue slave revolt in 1791
Saint-Marc Arrondissement, Artibonite Deparment
Endemic goiter.
Close-up of pressure sphere of Bathyscaphe Trieste, with a single conical window of PMMA set into sphere hull. The very small black circle (smaller than the man's head) is the inner side of the plastic "window", only a few inches in diameter. The larger circular clear black area represents the larger outer side of the thick one-piece plastic cone "window".
if the surface energies of the two phases are different, this drop will show two distinct contact angles- one in the top phase and another in the bottom phase.
Pieces of natural vulcanized rubber at Hutchinson's Research and Innovation Center in France.
Focused attention
Spatial memory is required to navigate through an environment.
The Bologna station clock, subject of a collective false memory
A Zucker rat which has developed diabetes due to a genetic disorder that causes obesity.
An example of a colored geometrical pattern a subject would encode, store, and recall while performing a visual memory neuroimaging test.
Adapted from Atkinson, R.C. and Shiffrin, R.M. (1968). 'Human memory: A Proposed System and its Control Processes'.
The highfin grouper, Epinephelus maculatus is the type-host of Laticola dae
Longfin grouper.
Honeycomb grouper.
Rumtek Monastery, Sikkim, India.
Banyan Tree at a temple in Kannur, India
Sacred grove in Mawphlang, India.
Deodar Devban grove in Himachal Pradesh, India.
Ancient monoliths in Mawphlang sacred grove, India
Pilgrims enter the Badrinath Temple in Uttarakhand, India for a darśana
Sikh pilgrim at the Harmandir Sahib (the Golden Temple) in Amritsar, India.
Maharaja Ranjit Singh listening to Guru Granth Sahib being recited near the Akal Takht and Golden Temple, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
The Bodhi Tree at the Mahabodhi Temple in India. The tree was initially propagated from the Sri Maha Bodhi, which in turn is propagated from the original Bodhi Tree at this location.
Stone illustration of the "tree temple" built by Asoka at Bodh Gaya in India around the sacred Bodhi tree. Sculpture of the Satavahana period at Sanchi, 1st century CE.
India's Köppen climate classification map[28] is based on native vegetation, temperature, precipitation and their seasonality.(Major categories)   (Am) Tropical monsoon   (Aw) Tropical savanna, wet & dry   (BWh) Hot desert   (BWk) Cold desert   (BSh) Hot semi arid   (Cwa) Subtropical humid summer, dry winter   (Cwb) Subtropical highland, dry wint
Western India.
Sculpture of the Buddha meditating under the Maha Bodhi Tree of Bodh Gaya in India.
Most of the coastal desert is devoid of vegetation.
Chimborazo near Riobamba, Ecuador
Rare rainfall events cause the flowering desert phenomenon in the southern Atacama Desert.
Andes Mountains. The Andes mountain range, as seen from an airplane, between Santiago de Chile and Mendoza, Argentina, in summer. The large ice field corresponds to the southern slope ofSan José volcano(left) andMarmolejo(right).Tupungatoat their right.
Parinacota, Bolivia/Chile
Ecuador in 1832
Tree map of products exported by Ecuador in the HS4 product classification
The United States dollar is the common currency circulation in Ecuador.
Religion in Ecuador (2014)[114]
Chile's territorial gains after the War of the Pacific in 1879–83
Rock River. Drainage basin of the Rock River
Apple River. Apple River - Railroad Street in Winter 2008
Apple River. Theconfluenceof the South Fork Apple River and the Apple River withinApple River Canyon State Park
Apple River - The railroad between Freeport, Illinois and the Mississippi River in the foreground and Chestnut Street in the background, Winter 2008
Rock River.
West Apple River  at the bar
The frozen Rock River near Oregon, Illinois
Rock River flooding downtown Fort Atkinson, June 2004
Interior of the Apple River Fort replica, April 2008.
Yahara River. A map of the Yahara River and its watershed
Yahara River. The Yahara River nearStoughton
'Wolf River' apple.
Straight River. The river at its source, Straight Lake
South Manistique Lake. South Manistique LakeShow map of MichiganSouth Manistique LakeShow map of the United States
Manistique Lake. Manistique Lake at sunset
Manistique, Michigan. Looking south along Cedar Street
Big Manistique Lake
Lake Nicaragua. Lake Nicaragua in June 2005
Piracy on Lake Nicaragua. "Henry Morgan Recruiting for the Attack", byHoward Pyle.
Manistique River. U.S. Route 2crossing the river inManistique
The Solentiname Islands are tropical islands located in Lake Nicaragua which are home to 76 bird species and are a growing ecotourism destination.
2,100-year-old human footprints called "Huellas de Acahualinca" preserved in volcanic mud near Lake Managua.
Two Telmatobius species occur in the lake, the smaller, more coastal marbled water frog (pictured, at Isla del Sol) and the larger, more deep-water Titicaca water frog.[29]
A Grizzly Bear roams in a wooded area near Jasper Townsite in Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada.
Highway 3 near Cowley, Alberta
A long exposure photograph of a small waterfall along Elpoca Creek during winter in Peter Lougheed Provincial Park in Alberta, Canada.
Highway 93
Entering the park on Yellowhead Highway
Uranium tetrafluoride
__Li+__H−Structure of Lithium hydride.
Lithium ingots with a thin layer of black nitride tarnish
Lithium floating in oil
Uranium glass used as lead-in seals in a vacuum capacitor
Uranium in its oxidation states III, IV, V, VI
Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane is an example of a hydride with a weak bond to H.  It is used as a source of hydrogen atoms.[10]
Structure of [HRu6(CO)18]−, a metal cluster with an interstitial hydride ligand (small turquoise sphere at center).[15]
Uraninite, also known as pitchblende, is the most common ore mined to extract uranium.
The calculated geometry of molecular uranium trioxide has C2v symmetry.
Unit cell of lithium borohydride at room temperature
What Can I Do? The Citizen's Handbook for War U.S. Office of Civilian Defense 1942
Australian and Dutch POWs at Tarsau, Thailand in 1943. Australia declared war on Thailand on 2 March 1942 and an Australian–Thai Peace Treaty was signed on 3 April 1946.
Soviet soldiers killed during the Toropets–Kholm Offensive, January 1942. Officially, roughly 8.6 million Soviet soldiers died in the course of the war, including millions of POWs.
Mural of War (1896), by Gari Melchers
Kuwaiti oil wells on fire, during the Gulf War, 1 March 1991
Mälsåker Castle was a Norwegian Military academy during World War II (photograph taken in 2007)
Vials containing human cerebrospinal fluid.
Cerebrospinal fluid. Image showing the location of CSF highlighting the brain'sventricular system
A Christian demonstrator preaching at Bele Chere
Issues surrounding "the fall" and "original sin" often became a crucial points of contention among Christian theologians seeking to understand the image of God.
Semuc Champey pools in the Cahabòn River, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala
Usumacinta River. Major rivers of Mexico, with Usumacinta  in the southeast of the country
Pomacea canaliculata, seen through glass, has reached its siphon up to the water surface to breathe air
The sea snail Nassarius fossatus is a scavenger. Siphon on the left
Planorbella trivolvis, an air-breathing ramshorn snail
The siphon of a large carnivorous marine volute, Cymbiola magnifica
Jellyfish pulsate their bell for a type of jet locomotion
Type repository
Archeological cultures of Northern and Central Europe in the late Pre-Roman Iron Age:   Jastorf culture   Nordic (Germanic) culture   Harpstedt-Nienburger group   Celtic culture   Przeworsk culture   House Urns culture   Eastern Balt (Forest Zone) culture   Western Balt culture   Zarubintsy culture   Estonian group   Gubin culture   Oksywie culture   Thracian group   Poienesti-Lukasevka culture
Map of the Western and Eastern Roman empire in the 5th century AD, identifying the location of the Venedae (Veneti) in central and eastern Europe.
Southeastern Europe in 520, showing the Byzantine Empire under Justin I and the Ostrogothic Kingdom with Migration Period peoples along their borders.
Map 7: Scythian cultures of Scythian, Sarmatians and Saka Iranian peoples located in the Western Eurasian steppe (Central Asia and Europe) from ca. 900 BC - 200 AD
Early Iron Age:   Nordic Bronze Age   Jastorf culture   Harpstedt-Nienburg group   Celtic groups   Pomeranian culture   House Urns culture   East Baltic culture   West Baltic Cairns culture   Milogrady culture   Estonic group
Map 9: Depiction of Magna Germania in the early 2nd century including the location of many ancient Germanic peoples and tribes (by Alexander George Findlay 1849)
Map 13: Ancient regions of Iranian Plateau and part of South Central Asia showing ancient Iranian peoples and tribes; this map also shows ancient peoples of the Indus Valley in Northwest Ancient India.
Wielbark culture, migration of Goths (orange arrow), the 2nd-3rd centuries, Chernyakhov culture (orange line), the 3rd century and (red line), the 4th century, Kyiv culture (yellow line), the 3rd-4th centuries
Map 10: Alan migrations in the context of the Migration Period.
Two male red kangaroos boxing
A kangaroo in a domestic setting, Queensland, Australia, circa 1900–1910
A boxing kangaroo wearing a slouch hat painted on the nose of a RAF B-24 Liberator bomber flown by a RAAF crew based in Agra, India, c. 1943–44
Perth Council house kangaroo sculptures
The Kongouro from New Holland, a 1772 painting of a kangaroo by George Stubbs
Winged keel of Australia II
Nepenthes suratensis.
Nepenthes × kinabaluensis (centre) dwarfs its smaller parent species, N. villosa (left).
Nepenthes from Carolus Linnaeus's Species Plantarum of 1753
Nepenthes pitopangii
Nepenthes kerrii.
Nepenthes thorelii.
Minster Abbey, on the Isle of Thanet, Kent
Bertha. Bertha of Kent: Stained glass window in the Chapter house,Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, England
Gravesite at St Augustine's Abbey in Canterbury of four Kentish kings. Hlothhere's is the second from the left.
Stemma of Anglo-Saxon texts relating to the 'Mildrith Legend'. Based on David Rollason, The Mildrith Legend: A Study in Early Medieval Hagiography in England (Leicester: Leicester University Press 1982) and Stephanie Hollis, 'The Minster-in-Thanet Foundation Story', Anglo-Saxon England, 27 (1998), 41-64.
The cultivar Cordyline 'Red Star' has dark reddish bronze leaves
Magnified view of flowers of C. australis. Each flower has a style tipped by a short trifid stigma. There are also anthers with pollen, and nectar around the base of the ovary. In a good flowering season, a large tree may produce 1 million seeds
Native forest on Stewart Island / Rakiura
Annual mean dissolved oxygen (upper panel) and apparent oxygen utilisation (lower panel) from the World Ocean Atlas.[2]  The data plotted show a section running north-south at the 180th meridian (approximately the centre of the Pacific Ocean).  White regions indicate section bathymetry. In the upper panel a minimum in oxygen content is indicated by light blue shading between 0° (equator) and 60°N at an average depth of ca. 1,000 m (3,300 ft).
Mount Sodom, Israel, showing the so-called "Lot's Wife" pillar (made of Halite (mineral) like the rest of the mountain)
The planned Red Sea–Dead Sea Water Conveyance, whose first phase will begin construction in 2021, will work towards stabilizing the falling levels of the Dead Sea
The first view of the sediment at the bottom of subglacial Lake Whillans, captured by the WISSARD expedition. Image credit: NASA/JPL, California Institute of Technology
Lake Assal, one of the most saline lakes outside of Antarctica
The southern basin of the Dead Sea as of 1817–18, with the Lisan Peninsula and its ford (now named Lynch Strait). North is to the right.
Astronaut's photo of Bakhtegan and Maharloo salt lakes near Shiraz, Iran. Salt lakes are particularly common in Iran.
Map of aquatic dead zones, January 2008. The red circles map the sizes and sites of dead zones with the black dots signifying a dead zone of unknown size. The size and number of marine dead zones—areas where the deep water is so low in dissolved oxygen that sea creatures can't survive—have grown explosively in the past half-century. – NASA Earth Observatory[1]
Cariaco Basin. Cariaco Basin, Venezuela