JK-TK/GRADE-8-TERM-2 huggingface dataset:
Unplugged the AC power supply to the PC from the wall socket 2. Remove the Cover or chassis or case. 3. Unplugged bus cables and ATX power cables 4. Remove Adapter Cards if any 5. Now Remove the processor and the heat sink and fan 6. Remove hard disk and CD DVD drives 7. Next, remove the Memory Modules 8. Remove the Power Supply SMPS 9. Finally, Remove the Motherboard1. Unplugged the AC power supply to the PC from the wall socket This one is the first step to begin a PC disassemble process. Always remember first disconnect all the power supply connected to your computer system before starting to remove parts. 2. Remove the case covering Loose the screws and remove the case covering to access the inside parts of the CPU cabinet case. 3. Unplugged bus cables and ATX power cables Disconnect all the cables one by one inside the CPU case. First, disconnect ATX power cables from the motherboard. After that, disconnect power supply cables, bus cables from the HDD SSD, and motherboard. 4. Remove adapter cards if any If any adapter is connected then, disconnect the card from the motherboard. 5. Remove the processor and the heat sink and fan Now its time to remove the heat sink from the motherboard. Generally, the CPU fan and the heat sink attach together. If it is separated in that case, you need to remove the fan first after that, you can remove the CPU heat sink. In the final step, unlock the processor socket and remove the processor from the motherboard carefully. 6. Remove hard disk and CD DVD drives Its time to remove the other parts of the computer system. Remove the Hard disk drive or SSD from the motherboard. You can also remove the CD DVD drive from the CPU case. Sometimes, to remove CD DVD drive from the CPU case, you need to remove the front cover of the CPU cabinet case first. After that, you can remove the ROM drives. 7. Remove memory modules In this process, you do remove the RAM from the motherboard. First, unlock the RAM from both ends and pull the RAM carefully. 8. Remove the Power Supply Unit PSU Already you know, SMPS supplies power to the various parts of the computer system. Here you need to remove the SMPS from the CPU cabinet case. 9. Remove the motherboard The final step of the PC disassemble process is this one.
Here you need to remove the SMPS from the CPU cabinet case. 9. Remove the motherboard The final step of the PC disassemble process is this one. Carefully remove the motherboard from the CPU cabinet case. Note: Remember, bolts or screws are the very essential things. They help to make rigid, all the parts used inside the computer. To remove any part from the computer system mostly, you need to take out bolts first. Here in PC disassemble steps, I have ignored that portion. Conclusion Assembling and disassembling a computer system is not a difficult task but requires keen observation and knowledge of the different components of thesystem. You need to be extra careful when fitting in these components and make sure that they are not fitted forcefully but firmly. In case of hardware failure or to install new add-on cards, you need to have good knowledge to assemble and disassemble a computer system Major parts of a computer case https: www.youtube.com watch?v HB4I2CgkcCo Inside a computer Have you ever looked inside a computer case, or seen pictures of the inside of one? The small parts may look complicated, but the inside of a computer case isn't really all that mysterious. This lesson will help you master some of the basic terminology and understand a bit more about what goes on inside a computer. Motherboard The motherboard is the computer's main circuit board. It's a thin plate that holds the CPU, memory, connectors for the hard drive and optical drives, expansion cards to control the video and audio, and connections to your computer's ports such as USB ports . The motherboard connects directly or indirectly to every part of the computer. CPU processor The central processing unit CPU , also called a processor, is located inside the computer case on the motherboard. It is sometimes called the brain of the computer, and its job is to carry out commands. Whenever you press a key, click the mouse, or start an application, you're sending instructions to the CPU. The CPU is usually a two-inch ceramic square with a silicon chip located inside. The chip is usually about the size of a thumbnail. The CPU fits into the motherboard's CPU socket, which is covered by the heat sink, an object that absorbs heat from the CPU. A processor's speed is measured in megahertz MHz , or millions of instructions per second; and gigahertz GHz , or billions of instructions per second. A faster processor can execute instructions more quickly.
The CPU fits into the motherboard's CPU socket, which is covered by the heat sink, an object that absorbs heat from the CPU. A processor's speed is measured in megahertz MHz , or millions of instructions per second; and gigahertz GHz , or billions of instructions per second. A faster processor can execute instructions more quickly. However, the actual speed of the computer depends on the speed of many different components not just the processor. RAM random access memory RAM is your system's short-term memory. Whenever your computer performs calculations, it temporarily stores the data in the RAM until it is needed. This short-term memory disappears when the computer is turned off. If you're working on a document, spreadsheet, or other type of file, you'll need to save it to avoid losing it. When you save a file, the data is written to the hard drive, which acts as long-term storage. RAM is measured in megabytes MB or gigabytes GB . The more RAM you have, the more things your computer can do at the same time. If you don't have enough RAM, you may notice that your computer is sluggish whenyou have several programs open. Because of this, many people add extra RAM to their computers to improve performance. Hard drive The hard drive is where your software, documents, and other files are stored. The hard drive is long-term storage, which means the data is still saved even if you turn the computer off or unplug it. When you run a program or open a file, the computer copies some of the data from the hard drive onto the RAM. When you save a file, the data is copied back to the hard drive. The faster the hard drive, the faster your computer can start up and load programs. Power supply unit The power supply unit in a computer converts the power from the wall outlet to the type of power needed by the computer. It sends power through cables to the motherboard and other components. If you decide to open the computer case and take a look, make sure to unplug the computer first. Before touching the inside of the computer, you should touch a grounded metal object or a metal part of the computer casing to discharge any static buildup. Static electricity can be transmitted through the computer circuits, which can seriously damage your machine. Expansion cards Most computers have expansion slots on the motherboard that allow you to add various types of expansion cards. These are sometimes called PCI peripheral component interconnect cards.
Static electricity can be transmitted through the computer circuits, which can seriously damage your machine. Expansion cards Most computers have expansion slots on the motherboard that allow you to add various types of expansion cards. These are sometimes called PCI peripheral component interconnect cards. You may never need to add any PCI cards because most motherboards have built-in video, sound, network, and other capabilities. However, if you want to boost the performance of your computer or update the capabilities of an older computer, you can always add one or more cards. Below are some of the most common types of expansion cards. Video card The video card is responsible for what you see on the monitor. Most computers have a GPU graphics processing unit built into the motherboard instead of having a separate video card. If you like playing graphics-intensive games, you can add a faster video card to one of the expansion slots to get better performance. Sound card The sound card also called an audio card is responsible for what you hear in the speakers or headphones. Most motherboards have integrated sound, but you can upgrade to a dedicated sound card for higher-quality sound. Network card The network card allows your computer to communicate over a network and access the Internet. It can either connect with an Ethernet cable or through a wireless connection often called Wi-Fi . Many motherboards have built-in network connections, and a network card can also be added to an expansion slot. Bluetooth card or adapter Bluetooth is a technology for wireless communication over short distances. It's often used in computers to communicate with wireless keyboards, mice, and printers. It's commonly built into the motherboard or included in a wireless network card. For computers that don't have Bluetooth, you can purchase a USB adapter, often called a dongleTHE MOTHERBOARD Power supplyfor CPUfan24pins ATMountingPete xt PetesMotherboard Definition of the Motherboard A motherboard is the main circuit board inside a computer that connects the different parts of a computer together. It has sockets for the CPU, RAM and expansion cards and it also hooks up to hard drives, disc drives and front panel ports with cables and wires. Motherboard is also known as a mainboard, planar board or logic board, system board, mobo or MB. It links all the individual parts of a computer together and also, allows the CPU to access and control these separate parts. Other than bridging internal components, the motherboard ports also allows you to connect external devices to the computer.
Motherboard is also known as a mainboard, planar board or logic board, system board, mobo or MB. It links all the individual parts of a computer together and also, allows the CPU to access and control these separate parts. Other than bridging internal components, the motherboard ports also allows you to connect external devices to the computer. Such external devices would include the monitor, speakers, headphones, microphone, keyboard, mouse, modem and other USB devices. Functions of the Motherboard The functions of a computer motherboard are as follows: i. The motherboard acts as the central backbone of a computer on which other modular parts are installed such as the CPU, RAM and hard disks. Ii. The motherboard also acts as the platform on which various expansion slots are available to install other devices interfaces. Iii. The motherboard is also responsible to distribute power to the various components of the computer. Iv. They are also used in the coordination of the various devices in the computer and maintain an interface among them. V. Some of the Sizes in which the motherboards are available are : BTX, ATX, mini-ATX, micro-ATX, LPX, NLX etc.. Types of Motherboards A computer s motherboard is typically the largest printed circuit board in a machine s chassis. It distributes electricity and facilitates communication between and to the central processing unit CPU , random access memory RAM , and any other component of the computer s hardware. There is a broad range of motherboards, each of which is intended to be compatible with a specific model and size of the computer. To comprehend what motherboards are and what they do, we must first examine their various types and specifications. 1. Advanced Technology AT motherboard Due to their larger physical dimensions which can be measured in hundredths of millimeters , these motherboards do not work properly with computers that fall into the category of smaller desktops. A larger physical size makes it more difficult to install new hardware drivers. The power connections on these motherboards are in the form of sockets and plugs with six prongs each. Due to the difficulty in recognizing these power connections, users often have issues while trying to connect and operate them. In the 1980s, motherboards of this sort were all the rage, and they continued to be manufactured far into the 2000s. 2. Standard ATX motherboard ATX is an enhanced version of the AT motherboard that Intel created in the 1990s.
In the 1980s, motherboards of this sort were all the rage, and they continued to be manufactured far into the 2000s. 2. Standard ATX motherboard ATX is an enhanced version of the AT motherboard that Intel created in the 1990s. Its name means advanced technology extended, and its initials stand for advanced technology. Unlike AT, it is much more compact and enables the associated components to be interchanged. The connection elements have witnessed significant progress and development. 3. Micro ATX motherboardThe length and width of these motherboards, measured in millimeters, are also 244 mm size metrics will differ as per the manufacturer . This motherboard has fewer ports and slots than the Standard ATX board. Users who do not want excessive connections and subsequent upgrades, like adding more RAM, an extra GPU, or other Peripheral Component Interconnect PCI cards, are better suited for this kind of motherboard than others. This motherboard may be installed in any case with enough space to accommodate 244 mm by 244 mm. It can also be installed in larger cases that are compatible with Standard ATX or eXTENDED ATX motherboards. 4. Extended ATX motherboard The dimensions of this motherboard are 344 millimeters by 330 millimeters dimensions will differ with different manufacturers . This motherboard supports a single or a twin CPU configuration and has up to eight RAM slots. Additionally, it has a higher number of PCIe where e is for Express and PCI slots, which may be used to add PCI cards for a wide range of applications. Workstations and servers are both able to use this software. There is sufficient room on all eATX motherboards, making them ideal for desktop computers, thanks to the significant space provided for airflow and the attachment of various components. 5. Flex ATX motherboard These ATX Form Factor mainboards do not enjoy the same degree of popularity as their ATX Form Factor counterparts. They are the ones within the ATX family that are considered the most compact. They were designed to occupy a minimal amount of space and had a minimal price tag. Flex ATX is a modification of mini ATX that Intel created between 1999-2000. It is a motherboard standard. 6. Low-Profile EXtended LPX motherboardIn comparison to previous iterations, this has two significant enhancements.
4. RAM memory RAM slots connect the random access memory RAM to the motherboard. RAM allows the computer to temporarily store files and programs that are being accessed by the CPU. Computers with more RAM capacity can hold and process larger files and programs, thus enhancing performance. However, RAM contents are erased when the computer is shut down. A computer usually has two RAM slots. However, some computers have up to four RAM slots in the motherboard to increase the available memory. 5. Basic input output BIOS system The BIOS contains the firmware of the motherboard. It consists of instructions about what to do when the computer is turned on. It is responsible for initializing the hardware components and loading the computer s operating system. The BIOS also allows the computer s operating system to interact and respond with input and output devices such as a mouse and keyboard. In some motherboards, the legacy BIOS is replaced by the modern extensible firmware interface EFI or the unified extensible firmware interface UEFI . UEFI and EFI allow the computer to boot faster, provide more diagnostic andrepair tools, and provide a more efficient interface between the operating system and computer components. 6. Chipsets The chipsets of a computer control how the computer hardware and buses interact with the CPU and other components. Chipsets also determine the amount of memory users can add to a motherboard and the type of connectors that the motherboard can have. The first type of chipset is the northbridge chipset. The northbridge manages the speed at which the CPU communicates with the components. It also controls the processor, the AGP video slot, and the RAM. The second type of chipset is the southbridge chipset. The southbridge chipset controls the rest of the components connected to the computer, including communication between the processor and expansion ports such as USB ports and sound cards. 7. Cooling fans The heat generated when electric current flows between components can make a computer run slowly. If too much heat is left to build up unchecked, it could damage computer components. Thus, a computer performs better when kept cool. Cooling fans increase the airflow, which helps to remove heat from the computer. Some elements, such as video adapter cards, have dedicated cooling fans. 8. Adapter cards and expansion slots Adapter cards are integrated into the motherboard to enhance a computer s functionality. Examples include sound and video adapters. The expansion slots allow users to install compatible adapter cards.
Adapter cards and expansion slots Adapter cards are integrated into the motherboard to enhance a computer s functionality. Examples include sound and video adapters. The expansion slots allow users to install compatible adapter cards. Examples of expansion slots include the peripheral component interconnect PCI slot, the AGP slot which enables the insertion of video cards , the PCI Express serial bus slot, and the PCI-extended slot. 9. CMOS batteryThe CMOS battery is a small round battery found on the motherboard of every computer. It provides power to the complementary metal oxide semiconductor CMOS chip. The CMOS chip stores BIOS information and computer settings, even when powered down. The CMOS battery allows users to skip resetting BIOS configurations, such as boot order, date, and time settings, each time they power on their computer. 10. Storage devices Storage drives store data permanently or retrieve data from a media disk. The storage devices can either be installed in the computer as hard drives or in removable drives that can connect to the computer through the USB ports. Hard disk drives HDD or solid-state drives SSD are computers primary storage drives. Computers with SSDs execute tasks much faster and perform better than HDDs. Users can also use optical drives such as compact discs to store information. 11. Front panel connectors Front panel connectors connect the light-emitting diode LED lights on the front of the case to the hard drive, the power button, the reset button, and the internal speaker for testing. Some USB and audio devices also have LED lights. These front panel connectors are usually plugged into small pins on the motherboard. Although the pins are grouped and color-coded, their layout structure varies depending on the model of the motherboard. 12. Power connector The power connector provides an electric supply to the computer to function as intended. The power supply connector has 20 pins and converts 110-V AC power into -12-Volt, -5-Volt, and 3.3-Volt direct current DC power. Functions of a Motherboard The following are seven functions of a motherboard:1. Manages data flow The BIOS component of the motherboard ensures that the operating system interacts well with input and output devices, such as the keyboard and mouse, to process instructions. This ensures that the data sent to the computer moves as expected to perform the intended purpose. It also manages data flow through its USB ports, allowing for data transfer between devices. Additionally, it ensures the processor can access information from the RAM to boost efficiency. 2.
It also manages data flow through its USB ports, allowing for data transfer between devices. Additionally, it ensures the processor can access information from the RAM to boost efficiency. 2. Conserves resources The motherboard saves consumers time, energy, and money by connecting all the computer connects. The motherboard provides a platform on which manufacturers can connect all the necessary components to ensure that the computer functions. Thus, saving consumers time and energy as they do not have to assemble and connect different parts manually. Moreover, collecting the individual components can prove costly as consumers would be forced to incur additional transport and other miscellaneous costs. 3. Optimizes power distribution The motherboard provides and distributes power optimally. Computers require electricity to function. The motherboard has a power connector plugthat connects the computer to a power source and converts it into a form of electrical power that the computer can use. After that, the motherboard ensures that the electric current is distributed optimally to different system components. The motherboard has an integrated circuit technology with pre-defined connections that ensure each element gets the necessary power. Moreover, the circuits ensure less energy is consumed to make the computer an energyefficient machine. 4. Drives communication The motherboard makes communication between different components easier. For a computer to process a particular set of instructions, sometimes it may require several components to communicate and work together to complete the task. In such scenarios, the motherboard relies on its circuit technology to enable communication between these components. The motherboard may also depend on some of its components, such as the CPU, BIOS, expansion ports, and USB ports, to interact with the computer s operating system. 5. Enhances performance The motherboard boosts the capabilities of a computer. Motherboards often transform the capabilities of a computer. For instance, they have additional features and functionalities, such as built-in sound and video capabilities that can enhance the computer s output. Motherboards also allow users to connect peripheral devices such as printers, enabling computers to perform additional tasks such as printing documents. Additionally, users can expand and upgrade factory-made motherboard parts such as memory slots or hard disks to boost the capabilities of their computers. 6. Improves reliability A good motherboard boosts the overall reliability of the computer. A highquality motherboard provides a stable foundation for its components to operate on. A good motherboard has proper cooling, and its integrated circuit technology is set in place. These factors enable it to control the computer s hardware efficiently by ensuring that each element functions as expected andcommunicates with the other components.