discretization on non orthogonal quadrilateral grids for inhomogeneous anisotropic media two classes of discretization methods are proposed for control volume formulations on quadrilateral grids in two space dimensions curvilinear grids are considered as a special case the methods are applicable for any system of conservation laws where the flux is defined by a gradient law like darcy s law for porous media flow a strong feature of the methods is the ability to handle media inhomogeneities in combination with full tensor anisotropy and or non orthogonality of the grid further properties of the methods will be discussed and examples of their use will be presented

fully implicit mixed hybrid finite element discretization for general purpose subsurface reservoir simulation abstract we present a new fully implicit mixed hybrid finite element mhfe discretization scheme for general purpose compositional reservoir simulation the locally conservative scheme solves the coupled momentum and mass balance equations simultaneously and the fluid system is modeled using a cubic equation of state we introduce a new conservative flux approach for the mass balance equations for this fully implicit approach we discuss the nonlinear solution procedure for the proposed approach and we present extensive numerical tests to demonstrate the convergence and accuracy of the mhfe method using tetrahedral elements we also compare the method to other advanced discretization schemes for unstructured meshes and tensor permeability finally we illustrate the applicability and robustness of the method for highly heterogeneous reservoirs with unstructured grids

trust region based solver for nonlinear transport in heterogeneous porous media we describe a new nonlinear solver for immiscible two phase transport in porous media where viscous buoyancy and capillary forces are significant the flux fractional flow function f is a nonlinear function of saturation and typically has inflection points and can be non monotonic the non convexity and non monotonicity of f are major sources of difficulty for nonlinear solvers of coupled multiphase flow and transport in natural porous media we describe a modified newton algorithm that employs trust regions of the flux function to guide the newton iterations the flux function is divided into saturation trust regions delineated by the inflection unit flux and end points the updates are performed such that two successive iterations cannot cross any trust region boundary if a crossing is detected the saturation value is chopped back to the appropriate trust region boundary the proposed trust region newton solver which is demonstrated across the parameter space of viscous buoyancy and capillary effects is a significant extension of the inflection point strategy of jenny et al jcp 2009 5 for viscous dominated flows we analyze the discrete nonlinear transport equation obtained using finite volume discretization with phase based upstream weighting then we prove convergence of the trust region newton method irrespective of the timestep size for single cell problems numerical results across the full range of the parameter space of viscous gravity and capillary forces indicate that our trust region scheme is unconditionally convergent for 1d transport that is for a given choice of timestep size the unique discrete solution is found independently of the initial guess for problems dominated by buoyancy and capillarity the trust region newton solver overcomes the often severe limits on timestep size associated with existing methods to validate the effectiveness of the new nonlinear solver for large reservoir models with strong heterogeneity we compare it with state of the art nonlinear solvers for two phase flow and transport using the spe 10 model compared with existing nonlinear solvers our trust region solver results in superior convergence performance and achieves reduction in the total newton iterations by more than an order of magnitude together with a corresponding reduction in the overall computational cost

a multipoint flux mixed finite element method we develop a mixed finite element method for single phase flow in porous media that reduces to cell centered finite differences on quadrilateral and simplicial grids and performs well for discontinuous full tensor coefficients motivated by the multipoint flux approximation method where subedge fluxes are introduced we consider the lowest order brezzi douglas marini bdm mixed finite element method a special quadrature rule is employed that allows for local velocity elimination and leads to a symmetric and positive definite cell centered system for the pressures theoretical and numerical results indicate second order convergence for pressures at the cell centers and first order convergence for subedge fluxes second order convergence for edge fluxes is also observed computationally if the grids are sufficiently regular

enriched multi point flux approximation for general grids it is well known that the two point flux approximation a numerical scheme used in most commercial reservoir simulators has o 1 error when grids are not k orthogonal in the last decade the multi point flux approximations have been developed as a remedy however non physical oscillations can appear when the anisotropy is really strong we found out the oscillations are closely related to the poor approximation of pressure gradient in the flux computation in this paper we propose the control volume enriched multi point flux approximation empfa for general diffusion problems on polygonal and polyhedral meshes non physical oscillations are not observed for realistic and strongly anisotropic heterogeneous material properties described by a full tensor exact linear solutions are recovered for grids with non planar interfaces and a first and second order convergence are achieved for the flux and scalar unknowns respectively

pointwise eventually non expansive action of semi topological semigroups and fixed points abstract in this paper we define pointwise eventually non expansive action of semi topological semigroups and prove fixed point theorems for it as a result we give an affirmative answer without any extra condition on the banach space to an open problem raised by kirk and xu 2008 7 our results also extend and improve fixed point theorems of lim and lau mah

fixed point property for banach algebras associated to locally compact groups abstract in this paper we investigate when various banach algebras associated to a locally compact group g have the weak or weak fixed point property for left reversible semigroups we proved for example that if g is a separable locally compact group with a compact neighborhood of the identity invariant under inner automorphisms then the fourier stieltjes algebra of g has the weak fixed point property for left reversible semigroups if and only if g is compact this generalizes a classical result of t c lim for the case when g is the circle group t

m matrix flux splitting for general full tensor discretization operators on structured and unstructured grids diagonal tensor flux approximations are commonly used in fluid dynamics this approximation introduces an o 1 error in flux whenever the coordinate system is nonaligned with the principal axes of the tensor which is particularly common when employing curvilinear gridding in general a consistent full tensor flux approximation leads to a significant increase in support and consequent size of the jacobian matrix after decomposition of a general full tensor flux into a diagonal tensor flux together with cross terms time split semi implicit stable full tensor flux approximations are introduced with in a general finite volume formalism enabling the standard diagonal tensor jacobian matrix structure to be retained for single phase flow impes and standard block fully implicit formulations while ensuring spatial consistency of the discretization for both structured and unstructured grids stability of the scheme is proven for constant elliptic coefficients the results presented demonstrate the benefits of the method for multiphase flow within a fully implicit framework on structured and unstructured grids

weak fixed point property of reduced fourier stieltjes algebra and generalization of baggett s theorem abstract in this paper we show that if the reduced fourier stieltjes algebra b g of a second countable locally compact group g has either weak fixed point property or asymptotic center property then g is compact as a result we give affirmative answers to open problems raised by fendler and et al in 2013 we then conclude that a second countable group with a discrete reduced dual must be compact this generalizes a theorem of baggett we also construct a compact scattered hausdorff space for which the dual of the scattered c algebra c lacks weak fixed point property the c algebra c provides a negative answer to a question of randrianantoanina in 2010 in addition we prove a variant of bruck s generalized fixed point theorem for the preduals of von neumann algebras furthermore we give some examples emphasizing that the conditions in bruck s generalized conjecture bgc can not be weakened any more

efficiency of mixed hybrid finite element and multipoint flux approximation methods on quadrangular grids and highly anisotropic media the mixed hybrid finite element mhfe and the multipoint flux approximation mpfa methods are well suited for anisotropic heterogeneous domains since both are locally conservative and can handle general irregular grids in this work behaviours and performances of mhfe and mpfa methods are studied numerically for different heterogeneities and anisotropy factors on parallelograms and then on a more general quadrilateral grid the superiority of mpfa in terms of accuracy and efficiency is clearly demonstrated for parallelogram grids in the case of more general quadrilateral grids mpfa becomes more central processing unit time consuming than mhfe for high anisotropy factors both methods give results with significant non physical oscillations copyright 2008 john wiley sons ltd

the mimetic finite difference discretization of diffusion problem on unstructured polyhedral meshes we study the mimetic finite difference discretization of diffusion type problems on unstructured polyhedral meshes we demonstrate high accuracy of the approximate solutions for general diffusion tensors the second order convergence rate for the scalar unknown and the first order convergence rate for the vector unknown on smooth or slightly distorted meshes on non matching meshes and even on meshes with irregular shaped polyhedra with flat faces we show that in general the meshes with non flat faces require more than one flux unknown per mesh face to get optimal convergence rates

global attractivity and oscillations in a periodic delay logistic equation abstract sufficient conditions are obtained for the global attractivity of a positive periodic solution of the delay logistic equation dx t dt r t x t 1 x t n k t where r and k are positive periodic functions of period and n is a positive integer sufficient conditions are also obtained for all solutions to be oscillatory about k

dynamics of degenerate quasilinear reaction diffusion systems with nonnegative initial functions abstract this paper is concerned with a system of quasilinear reaction diffusion equations with density dependent diffusion coefficients and mixed quasimonotone reaction functions the equations are allowed to be degenerate and the boundary conditions are of the nonlinear type the main goals are to prove the existence and uniqueness of the weak solution between a pair of coupled upper and lower solutions show that the weak solution evolves into the classical solution and analyze the asymptotic behavior of the solution using quasi solutions of the steady state system the general results are applied to a degenerate lotka volterra competition model conditions are given for the solution to exist globally to evolve into the classical solution and to be attracted into a sector formed by quasi solutions of the elliptic system especially for the neumann problem we give a simple condition for the solution to converge to a unique constant steady state solution which is a global attractor

existence and dynamics of quasilinear parabolic systems with time delays abstract this paper is concerned with a coupled system of quasilinear parabolic equations where the effect of time delays is taken into consideration in the reaction functions of the system the partial differential operators in the system may be degenerate and the reaction functions possess some mixed quasimonotone property including quasimonotone nondecreasing functions the aim of the paper is to show the existence and uniqueness of a global solution to the parabolic system the existence of positive quasisolutions or maximal minimal solutions of the corresponding elliptic system and the asymptotic behavior of the solution of the parabolic system in relation to the quasisolutions or maximal minimal solutions of the elliptic system applications are given to three reaction diffusion models arising from mathematical biology and ecology where the diffusion coefficients are density dependent and are degenerate this degenerate density dependent diffusion leads to some interesting distinct asymptotic behavior of the time dependent solution when compared with density independent diffusion

asymptotic pointwise contractions a simple and elementary without using the ultrapower technique proof for the existence of a fixed point of an asymptotic pointwise contraction is provided the existence of fixed points for asymptotic pointwise nonexpansive mappings in a uniformly convex banach space is also investigated

a quasi positive family of continuous darcy flux finite volume schemes with full pressure support a new family of flux continuous locally conservative finite volume schemes is presented for solving the general tensor pressure equation of subsurface flow in porous media the new schemes have full pressure continuity imposed across control volume faces previous families of flux continuous schemes are point wise continuous in pressure and flux when applying the earlier point wise flux continuous schemes to strongly anisotropic full tensor fields their failure to satisfy a maximum principle as with other fem and finite volume methods can result in loss of local stability for high anisotropy ratios which can cause strong spurious oscillations in the numerical pressure solution an m matrix analysis reveals the upper limits for guaranteeing a maximum principle for general 9 point schemes and aids in the design of schemes that minimize the occurrence of spurious oscillations in the discrete pressure field the full pressure continuity schemes are shown to possess a larger range of flux continuous schemes than the previous point wise counter parts for strongly anisotropic full tensor cases it is shown that the full quadrature range possessed by the new schemes permits these schemes to exploit quadrature points previously out of range that are shown to minimize spurious oscillations in discrete pressure solutions the new formulation leads to a more robust quasi positive family of flux continuous schemes applicable to general discontinuous full tensor fields

asymptotic diffusion limit of cell temperature discretisation schemes for thermal radiation transport abstract this paper attempts to unify the asymptotic diffusion limit analysis of thermal radiation transport schemes for a linear discontinuous representation of the material temperature reconstructed from cell centred temperature unknowns in a process known as source tilting the asymptotic limits of both monte carlo continuous in space and deterministic approaches based on linear discontinuous finite elements for solving the transport equation are investigated in slab geometry the resulting discrete diffusion equations are found to have nonphysical terms that are proportional to any cell edge discontinuity in the temperature representation based on this analysis it is possible to design accurate schemes for representing the material temperature for coupling thermal radiation transport codes to a cell centred representation of internal energy favoured by ale arbitrary lagrange eulerian hydrodynamics schemes

discretization on unstructured grids for inhomogeneous anisotropic media part i derivation of the methods discretization methods are proposed for control volume formulations on polygonal and triangular grid cells in two space dimensions the methods are applicable for any system of conservation laws where the flow density is defined by a gradient law like darcy s law for porous media flow a strong feature of the methods is the ability to handle media inhomogeneities in combination with full tensor anisotropy this paper gives a derivation of the methods and the relation to previously published methods is also discussed a further discussion of the methods including numerical examples is given in the companion paper part ii siam j sci comput pp 1717 1736

coexistence stability and limiting behavior in a one predator two prey model abstract this paper considers a reaction diffusion system that models the situation in which a predator feeds on two prey species the existence of a positive steady state solution as well as the existence and stability of various semitrivial steady state solutions is obtained in terms of the natural growth rates of the three species the present paper also gives some explicit information on the limiting behavior of the time dependent solution to these steady states

coupled nonlinear parabolic systems with time delays a coupled system of parabolic equations with time delays is investigated by the method of upper lower solutions it is shown by using upper and lower solutions as coupled initial iterations that the corresponding sequences converge monotonically to a unique solution of the system this convergence leads to an existence comparison theorem which is useful for studying the asymptotic behavior of the solution this method is extended to a coupled system of integro differential equations and systems of parabolic ordinary equations applications are given to some model problems in ecology and nuclear engineering including the stability property of a steady state solution

asymptotic periodicity and permanence in a competition diffusion system with discrete delays we study a class of reaction diffusion systems modeling the dynamics of two competing species with t periodic environmental parameters and discrete delay effects sufficient conditions are given to ensure the asymptotic stability of the semitrivial t periodic solutions a condition for permanence is also obtained by showing the existence of a positive global attractor enclosed by t periodic functions to substantiate our theoretical results long term behavior of the solutions for the time delay system is numerically demonstrated

discretization on unstructured grids for inhomogeneous anisotropic media part ii discussion and numerical results a companion paper part i siam j sci comput 19 1998 pp 1700 1716 presents discretization methods for control volume formulations in two space dimensions properties of the developed methods are further discussed including rotational invariance and stability under the influence of anisotropy strong anisotropy may have to be handled by use of stretched grid cells numerical examples that demonstrate strengths and weaknesses of the methods are presented the examples focus on inhomogeneity anisotropy and rotational invariance

numerical methods for semilinear parabolic equations the method of upper lower solutions for continuous parabolic equations is extended to some finite difference system for numerical solutions the idea of this method is that by using the upper or lower solution as the initial iteration one can obtain a monotone sequence that converges to a unique solution of the problem the aim of this paper is to present two iterative schemes for the construction of the monotone sequence and to show that both schemes are numerically stable these two schemes are modified jacobi method and gauss seidel method for nonlinear algebraic equations an advantage of this approach is that each of the two methods yields an error estimate between the true solution and the computed mth iteration on the other hand the standard picard type of iterative scheme is used to show that the finite difference system converges to the continuous parabolic equations

asymptotic behavior of solutions for a class of predator prey reaction diffusion systems with time delays the aim of this paper is to investigate the asymptotic behavior of solutions for a class of three species predator prey reaction diffusion systems with time delays under homogeneous neumann boundary condition some simple and easily verifiable conditions are given to the rate constants of the reaction functions to ensure the convergence of the time dependent solution to a constant steady state solution the conditions for the convergence are independent of diffusion coefficients and time delays and the conclusions are directly applicable to the corresponding parabolic ordinary differential system and to the corresponding system without time delays

unstructured grid optimization for improved monotonicity of discrete solutions of elliptic equations with highly anisotropic coefficients multipoint flux approximation mpfa techniques are commonly applied for discretizing the porous media flow equations within the context of finite volume numerical procedures although these methods can be applied to heterogeneous anisotropic systems on generally unstructured grids the inverse of the resulting linear operator can suffer from a loss of monotonicity at high permeability anisotropy ratios resulting in spurious oscillations of the pressure solution the purpose of this paper is to develop a method for optimizing unstructured grids in two and three dimensions such that the monotonicity behavior of the mpfa technique is significantly improved the method employs anisotropic triangulation and can be readily combined with permeability upscaling procedures results are presented for a variety of examples and the technique is shown to perform well on problems involving complex grid point distributions and heterogeneous permeability fields with strong anisotropy ratios of o 100 oscillation free pressure solutions are achieved in all cases considered even for examples in which the original grid shows large oscillations

asymptotic behaviour of solutions of periodic competition diffusion system on considere le systeme d equations de reaction diffusion u t k 1 u a bu cv v t k 2 v v d eu fv ou k 1 k 2 a b f sont des fonctions suffisamment lisses definies sur un cylindre ou est un domaine borne lisse de r n

dynamics of lotka volterra competition reaction diffusion systems with degenerate diffusion abstract this paper is dealt with a class of lotka volterra competition reaction diffusion system and a competitor competitor mutualist system with density dependent diffusion in a bounded domain under the three basic types of dirichlet neumann and robin boundary conditions the governing equations for the competition system consist of an arbitrary number of degenerate quasilinear parabolic equations while the competitor competitor mutualist system involves three degenerate equations the goal of the paper is to show the existence of positive steady state solutions or quasi solutions the existence and uniqueness of a classical global time dependent solution and the asymptotic behavior of the time dependent solution in relation to the steady state solutions or quasi solutions the above goals are achieved under a very simple condition on the reaction rates of the reaction functions and these results yield a global attractor and the coexistence of the competing species in the case of neumann boundary condition the system has a unique constant positive steady state solution which is a global attractor of all the competing species the above conclusions lead to some interesting distinct dynamic behavior between degenerate quasilinear reaction diffusion systems and the corresponding semilinear reaction diffusion systems in which some or all of the competing species may be in extinction

discretization on quadrilateral grids with improved monotonicity properties multi point flux approximation mpfa discretization methods have been applied in the oil industry since the mid 1990s the discretizations are based on a control volume formulation and the finite difference structure makes general skew grids and unstructured grids feasible in a fully implicit formulation mpfa methods are therefore suitable for flow problems in realistic reservoirs monotonicity issues are known to arise for high aspect ratios combined with skewness of computational grids for mpfa methods in this paper we improve the mpfa discretization techniques for general quadrilateral grids such that the above difficulties are handled to give a more robust discretization of the governing equations for fluid flow in porous media comparisons to the mpfa o method are made and the suggested discretization is shown to be an improvement in regards to monotonicity for smooth solutions the method performs equally well as the o method when the convergence is examined