wave structure interaction simulation driven by quantitative imaging we present a new approach to simulating wave structure interaction dynamics using proper orthogonal decomposition by directly employing eigenmodes extracted from particle image velocimetry experimental data a low dimensional galerkin model is constructed incorporating up to 12 modes and time dependent boundary conditions a penalty method is introduced to deal effectively with such boundary conditions our results suggest that this model represents accurately the flow dynamics and it is asymptotically stable without the use of any ad hoc dissipation or other stabilization schemes our findings are documented by applying this approach to studying the vorticity dynamics of wave cylinder interactions at keulegan carpenter numbers of 9 3 and 13 9

simple mechanical control systems with constraints and symmetry we develop tools for studying the control of underactuated mechanical systems that evolve on a configuration space with a principal fiber bundle structure taking the viewpoint of affine connection control systems we derive reduced formulations of the levi civita and the nonholonomic affine connections along with the symmetric product in the presence of symmetries and nonholonomic constraints we note that there are naturally two kinds of connections to be considered here affine and principal connections leading to what we term a connection within a connection these results are then used to describe controllability tests that are specialized to simple underactuated mechanical systems on principal fiber bundles including the notion of fiber configuration controllability we present examples of the use of these tools in studying the planar rigid body with a variable direction vectored thruster and the snakeboard robot

on some classes of nonstationary axially symmetric solutions to the navier stokes equations in the paper the navier stokes equations are studied in axially symmetric cases of nonstationary motion with rotation of incompressible viscous fluids the problem is reduced to a nonlinear system of three partial differential equations for three unknown functions of the cylindrical coordinates r and z and time t the three functions are sought in the form of power series in r with coefficients depending on t and z for the unknown coefficients recurrence relations are obtained which contain three arbitrary functions the relations are examined in three particular cases in which they give analytical solutions to the navier stokes equations for any values of the coordinates t z and r

parametrising the attractor of the two dimensional navier stokes equations with a finite number of nodal values abstract we consider the solutions lying on the global attractor of the two dimensional navier stokes equations with periodic boundary conditions and analytic forcing we show that in this case the value of a solution at a finite number of nodes determines elements of the attractor uniquely proving a conjecture due to foias and temam our results also hold for the complex ginzburg landau equation the kuramoto sivashinsky equation and reaction diffusion equations with analytic nonlinearities

on the bias in estimating genetic length and other quantities in simplex constrained models the genetic distance between two loci on a chromosome is defined as the mean number of crossovers between the loci the parameters of the crossover distribution are constrained by the parameters of the distribution of chiasmata ott 1996 derived the maximum likelihood estimator mle of the parameters of the crossover distribution and the mle of the mean we demonstrate that the mle of the mean is pointwise less than or equal to the empirical mean number of crossovers it follows that the mle is negatively biased for small sample sizes the bias can be nonnegligible we recommend reduced bias estimators generalizations to many other problems involving linear constraints on parameters are made included in the generalizations are a variety of problems involving simplex constraints as studied recently by liu 2000

optimal control for holonomic and nonholonomic mechanical systems with symmetry and lagrangian reduction in this paper we establish necessary conditions for optimal control using the ideas of lagrangian reduction in the sense of reduction under a symmetry group the techniques developed here are designed for lagrangian mechanical control systems with symmetry the benefit of such an approach is that it makes use of the special structure of the system especially its symmetry structure and thus it leads rather directly to the desired conclusions for such systems lagrangian reduction can do in one step what one can alternatively do by applying the pontryagin maximum principle followed by an application of poisson reduction the idea of using lagrangian reduction in the sense of symmetry reduction was also obtained by bloch and crouch proc 33rd cdc ieee 1994 pp 2584 2590 in a somewhat different context and the general idea is closely related to those in montgomery comm math phys 128 1990 pp 565 592 and vershik and gershkovich dynamical systems vii v arnold and s p novikov eds springer verlag 1994 here we develop this idea further and apply it to some known examples such as optimal control on lie groups and principal bundles such as the ball and plate problem and reorientation examples with zero angular momentum such as the satellite with moveable masses however one of our main goals is to extend the method to the case of nonholonomic systems with a nontrivial momentum equation in the context of the work of bloch krishnaprasad marsden and murray arch rational mech anal 1996 to appear the snakeboard is used to illustrate the method

homogeneity tests against central mixture alternatives abstract a test of homogeneity is derived for a general sampling model the alternative hypothesis is a mixture over a parameter of the sampling model centered at the null hypothesis the test statistic is derived through a score test its functional form is independent of the particular mixing distribution suppose yi i 1 n are independent random variables with respective probability density or mass functions fi yi i under the null hypothesis suppose all i homogeneous and equal to the common value 0 under the alternative hypothesis suppose the i behave as random samples taken from a distribution with mean 0 and finite third moment the score statistic for testing these hypotheses rejects the null for large values of where is the maximum likelihood estimate of 0 under the null hypothesis and when the sample size n is large s is normally distributed under both the null hypothesis and a sequence of alternative hypotheses in which the variance of the mixing distribution tends

on the helicity in 3d periodic navier stokes equations ii the statistical case we study the asymptotic behavior of the statistical solutions to the navier stokes equations using the normalization map 9 it is then applied to the study of mean energy mean dissipation rate of energy and mean helicity of the spatial periodic flows driven by potential body forces the statistical distribution of the asymptotic beltrami flows are also investigated we connect our mathematical analysis with the empirical theory of decaying turbulence with appropriate mathematically defined ensemble averages the kolmogorov universal features are shown to be transient in time we provide an estimate for the time interval in which those features may still be present our collaborator and friend basil nicolaenko passed away in september of 2007 after this work was completed honoring his contribution and friendship we dedicate this article to him

unimodality convexity and applications properties of univariate unimodal distributions concepts of multivariate unimodality some more notions of unimodality unimodality for discrete distributions unimodality of infinitely divisible distributions unimodality and notions of dependence ordering of distributions by peakedness applications of unimodality in statistical inference convexity in reliability theory appendix

unbiased testing in exponential family regression let x ij z i i 1 2 k j 1 2 n i be independent observations such that z i is a fixed r x 1 vector r can be 0 no z s observed or 1 2 k 1 and x ij is distributed according to a one parameter exponential family which is log concave with natural parameter i we test the hypothesis that z where 1 k z is the matrix whose ith row is z i and 1 r is a vector of parameters we focus on r 2 and z i 1 z i i 1 2 k z i z i 1 the null hypothesis on hand is thus of the form i 1 2 z i in such a case the model under the null hypothesis becomes logistic regression in the binomial case poisson regression in the poisson case and linear regression in the normal case we consider mostly the one sided alternative that the second order differences of the natural parameters are nonnegative such testing problems test goodness of fit vs alternatives in which the natural parameters behave in a convex way we find classes of tests that are unbiased and that lie in a complete class we also note that every admissible test of constant size is unbiased in some discrete situations we find the minimal complete class of unbiased admissible tests generalizations and examples are given

gevrey class regularity for solutions of micropolar fluid equations in this paper we consider the solutions of micropolar fluid equations in space dimension two with periodic boundary condition we show that the strong solutions are analytic in time with values in an appropriate gevrey class of function provided that external forces and moments are time independent and are in a gevrey class

oscillations of solutions of the kuramoto sivashinsky equation abstract oscillation properties of graphs of solutions of the kuramoto sivashinsky equation are studied it is shown that every solution either converges to the stationary solution 0 with an exponential rate or after some time the cardinalities of the sets of zeros in the space variable of all the spatial derivatives remain bounded by certain constants independent of the particular solution

dpiv driven flow simulation a new computational paradigm we present a new approach to simulating unsteady fluid flows with only very few degrees of freedom by employing directly eigenmodes extracted from digital particle image velocimetry experimental data in particular we formulate standard galerkin and nonlinear galerkin approximations of the incompressible navier stokes equations using hierarchical empirical eigenfunctions extracted from an ensemble of flow snapshots we demonstrate that standard galerkin approaches produce simulations capable of capturing the short term dynamics of the flow but nonlinear galerkin projections are more effective in capturing both the short and long term dynamics leading to bounded solutions these findings are documented by applying these approaches to flow past a stationary circular cylinder at reynolds number 610

local optimization of dynamic programs with guaranteed satisfaction of path constraints an algorithm is proposed for locating a feasible point satisfying the kkt conditions to a specified tolerance of feasible inequality path constrained dynamic programs pcdp within a finite number of iterations the algorithm is based on iteratively approximating the pcdp by restricting the right hand side of the path constraints and enforcing the path constraints at finitely many time points the main contribution of this article is an adaptation of the semi infinite program sip algorithm proposed in mitsos 2011 to pcdp it is proved that the algorithm terminates finitely with a guaranteed feasible point which satisfies the first order kkt conditions of the pcdp to a specified tolerance the main assumptions are i availability of a nonlinear program nlp local solver that generates a kkt point of the constructed approximation to pcdp at each iteration if this problem is indeed feasible ii existence of a slater point of the pcdp that also satisfies the first order kkt conditions of the pcdp to a specified tolerance iii all kkt multipliers are nonnegative and uniformly bounded with respect to all iterations the performance of the algorithm is analyzed through two numerical case studies

formation control of multiple elliptical agents with limited sensing ranges this paper presents a design of cooperative controllers that force a group of n mobile agents with an elliptical shape and with limited sensing ranges to perform a desired formation the controllers guarantee no collisions between any agents in the group the desired formation can be stabilized at feasible reference trajectories with bounded time derivatives the formation control design is based on an algebraic separation condition between ellipses lyapunov s method and smooth or p times differentiable step functions these functions are introduced and incorporated into novel potential functions to solve the collision avoidance problem without the need for switchings under the agents limited sensing ranges

exponential averaging for hamiltonian evolution equations we derive estimates on the magnitude of non adiabatic interaction between a hamiltonian partial differential equation and a high frequency nonlinear oscillator assuming spatial analyticity of the initial conditions we show that the dynamics can be transformed to the uncoupled dynamics of an infinite dimensional hamiltonian system and an anharmonic oscillator up to coupling terms which are exponentially small in a certain power of the frequency of the oscillator the result is derived from an abstract averaging theorem for infinite dimensional analytic evolution equations in gevrey spaces refining upon a similar result by neishtadt for analytic ordinary differential equations the temporal estimate crucially depends on the spatial regularity of the initial condition the result shows to what extent the strong resonances between rapid forcing and highly oscillatory spatial modes can be suppressed by the choice of sufficiently smooth initial data an application is provided by a system of nonlinear schrodinger equations coupled to a rapidly forcing single mode representing small scale oscillations we provide an example showing that the estimates for partial differential equations we derive here are necessarily different from those in the context of ordinary differential equations

simple mechanical control systems with constraints we apply some recently developed control theoretic techniques to the analysis of a class of mechanical systems with constraints certain simple aspects of the theory of affine connections play an important part in our presentation the necessary background is presented in order to illustrate how the methods may be applied the bulk of this paper is devoted to a detailed analysis of some examples of nonholonomic mechanical control systems we look at the heisenberg system the upright rolling disk the roller racer and the snakeboard

a rigorous treatment of experimental observations for the two dimensional navier stokes equations within a fully rigorous framework this paper shows that a finite number of point observations distributed in both space and time serve to determine the fully developed flow of a two dimensional fluid throughout the whole flow domain with the measurements taken at one fixed time the results imply that if the flow is resolved on a sufficiently small scale then its dynamics are entirely determined applied to experimental observations taken randomly from a small neighbourhood of one point in space but at staggered times they imply a version of taken s time delay embedding theorem

a note on gevrey class regularity for the solutions of the navier stokes equations abstract in this note we present results on gevrey class regularity of the solutions of the navier stokes equations with space periodic boundary conditions we give a generalization of results of c foias and r temam j funct anal 87 359 369 1988

on the lagrangian and eulerian analyticity for the euler equations abstract we address preservation of the lagrangian analyticity radius of solutions to the euler equations belonging to natural analytic space based on the size of taylor or gevrey coefficients we prove that if the solution belongs to such space then the solution also belongs to it for a positive amount of time we also prove the local analog of this result for a sufficiently large gevrey parameter however we show that the preservation holds independently of the size of the radius finally we construct a solution which shows that the first result does not hold in the eulerian setting

algebraic algorithms for sampling from conditional distributions we construct markov chain algorithms for sampling from discrete exponential families conditional on a sufficient statistic examples include contingency tables logistic regression and spectral analysis of permutation data the algorithms involve computations in polynomial rings using grobner bases

distinguishing smooth functions by a finite number of point values and a version of the takens embedding theorem abstract we prove a general result showing that a finite dimensional collection of smooth functions whose differences cannot vanish to infinite order can be distinguished by their values at a finite collection of points this theorem is then applied to the global attractors of various dissipative parabolic partial differential equations in particular for the one dimensional complex ginzburg landau equation and for the kuramoto sivashinsky equation we show that a finite number of measurements at a very small number of points two and four respectively serve to distinguish between different elements of the attractor this gives an infinite dimensional version of the takens time delay embedding theorem

on the regularity and convergence of solutions to the 3d navier stokes voigt equations abstract in this paper we consider the 3d navier stokes voigt equations with periodic boundary conditions we first prove the higher order global regularity including both sobolev and gevrey regularity of solutions to the navier stokes voigt equations then we show the convergence of solutions of the 3d navier stokes voigt equations to the corresponding strong solution of the limit 3d navier stokes equations on the interval of existence of the latter as the parameter tends to zero

optimal control of underactuated nonholonomic mechanical systems in this paper we use an affine connection formulation to study an optimal control problem for a class of nonholonomic underactuated mechanical systems in particular we aim to minimize the norm squared of the control input to move the system from an initial to a terminal state we consider systems evolving on general manifolds the class of nonholonomic systems we study in this paper includes in particular wheeled type vehicles which are important for many robotic locomotion systems the two special aspects of this optimal control problem are the nonholonomic constraints and underactuation nonholonomic constraints restrict the evolution of the system to a distribution on the manifold the nonholonomic connection is used to express the constrained equations of motion many robotic systems are underactuated since control inputs are usually applied through the robot s internal configuration space only while we do not consider symmetries with respect to group actions in this paper the fact that the system is underactuated is taken into account in our problem formulation this allows one to compute reaction forces due to any inputs applied in directions orthogonal to the constraint distribution we illustrate our ideas by considering a simple example on a three dimensional manifold including obstacle avoidance using the method of navigation functions

fractional derivative estimates in gevrey spaces global regularity and decay for solutions to semilinear equations in rn abstract we propose a unified functional analytic approach to study the uniform analytic gevrey regularity and the decay of solutions to semilinear elliptic equations on r n first we develop a fractional calculus for nonlinear maps in banach spaces of l p based gevrey functions 1 h p s r n regularity with s scr 0 depending on the nonlinearity next we investigate the type of decay polynomial or exponential of the derivatives of solutions to semilinear elliptic equations provided they decay a priori slowly as o x x for some small 0 the restrictions involved in our results are optimal in particular given a hyperplane l we construct 2d 2 strongly singular solutions locally in h p s r n for s

long time stability of high order multistep numerical schemes for two dimensional incompressible navier stokes equations the long time stability properties of a few multistep numerical schemes for the two dimensional incompressible navier stokes equations formulated in vorticity stream function are investigated in this article these semi implicit numerical schemes use a combination of explicit adams bashforth extrapolation for the nonlinear convection term and implicit adams moulton interpolation for the viscous diffusion term up to fourth order accuracy in time as a result only two poisson solvers are needed at each time step to achieve the desired temporal accuracy the fully discrete schemes with fourier pseudospectral approximation in space are analyzed in detail with the help of a priori analysis and aliasing error control techniques we prove uniform in time bounds for these high order schemes in both l 2 and h m norms for m ge 1 provided that the time step is bounded by a given constant such a long time stability is also demonstrated by the numerical experiments

well posedness and regularity of the generalized burgers equation in periodic gevrey spaces we consider the generalized burgers equation in a class of gevrey functions g s t we show that the generalized burgers equation is well posed in this space furthermore we show that the solution is gevrey in the spacial variable and gevrey 2 in the time variable

existence and generalized gevrey regularity of solutions to the kuramoto sivashinsky equation in rn abstract motivated by the work of foias and temam c foias r temam gevrey class regularity for the solutions of the navier stokes equations j funct anal 87 1989 359 369 we prove the existence and gevrey regularity of local solutions to the kuramoto sivashinsky equation in r n with initial data in the space of distributions the control on the gevrey norm provides an explicit estimate of the analyticity radius in terms of the initial data in the particular case when n 1 our analysis allows for initial data that are less smooth than that considered by grujic and kukavica z grujic i kukavica space analyticity for the navier stokes and related equations with initial data in l p j funct anal 152 1998 447 466

on rigorous mathematical definitions of correlation dimension and generalized spectrum for dimensions we consider different definitions of the correlation dimension and find some relationships between them and other characteristics of dimension type such as hausdorff dimension box dimension etc we also introduce different ways to define and study the generalized spectrum for dimensions a one parameter family of characteristics of dimension type

the algebraic approximation of attractors the finite dimensional case abstract in this article we present a constructive method for approximating attractors the approximate sets are parts of algebraic sets i e the zeros of high degree polynomial functions and they can approximate the attractor at an arbitrary high level of accuracy

adaptive fuzzy hierarchical sliding mode control for the trajectory tracking of uncertain underactuated nonlinear dynamic systems the trajectory tracking of uncertain underactuated nonlinear dynamic systems is tackled by an adaptive fuzzy hierarchical sliding mode control afhsmc first one of the subsystems is assigned as the first layer sliding surface next a second layer sliding surface from the first layer sliding surface and the sliding surface of another subsystem is constructed in this paper the nth layer is supposed to be the top layer or hierarchical layer for including the sliding surfaces of all subsystems because two nonlinear system functions and the time varying external disturbance of each subsystem are supposed to be unknown different online fuzzy models are employed to approximate these nonlinear system functions and the upper bounded functions of external disturbances moreover the upper bound of uncertainties caused by these fuzzy modeling errors is estimated online based on these learning fuzzy models and the estimated upper bound of these modeling errors an afhsmc is developed the stability analysis and tracking performance of the closed loop system are verified by lyapunov stability theory finally two simulation examples including different amplitudes of external disturbance and comparison with hierarchical sliding mode control confirm the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control

determination of the solutions of the navier stokes equations by a set of nodal values we consider the navier stokes equations of a viscous incompresible fluid and we want to see to what extent these solutions can be determined by a discrete set of nodal values of these solutions the results presented here are exact results and not approximate ones we show in several cases that the solutions are entirely determined by their values on a discrete set provided this set contains enough points and these points are sufficiently densely distributed in a sense described in the article two typical results are the following ones two stationary solutions coincide if they coincide on a set sufficiently dense but finite similarly if the large time behavior of the solutions to the navier stokes equations is known on an appropriate discrete set then the large time behavior of the solution itself is totally determined

invariant subspaces of the periodic navier stokes and magnetohydrodynamics equations symmetries and inverse cascades it is shown that when the initial condition and the forcing term of the periodic navier stokes or magnetohydrodynamics equations have fourier coefficients which vanish outside a certain semigroup of frequencies the same happens to the solutions for all time subgroups of frequencies correspond to solutions possessing certain symmetries by taking as a semigroup the frequencies whose fourier components are non negative integers we get a class of solutions for which the higher modes do not influence the evolution of the lower ones therefore the phenomenon of inverse cascading cannot occur for them

nonholonomic control systems on riemannian manifolds this paper gives a general formulation of the theory of nonholonomic control systems on a riemannian manifold modeled by second order differential equations and using the unique riemannian connection defined by the metric the main concern is to introduce a reduction scheme replacing some of the second order equations by first order equations the authors show how constants of motion together with the nonholonomic constraints may be combined to yield such a reduction the theory is applied to a particular class of nonholonomic control systems that may be thought of as modeling a generalized rolling ball this class reduces to the classical example of a ball rolling without slipping on a horizontal plane

attractors and inertial manifolds for finite difference approximations of the complex ginzburg landau equation a semidiscrete spatial finite difference approximation and two fully discrete finite difference approximations to the complex ginzburg landau equation are considered in this paper the existence of an inertial manifold is proved inside a discrete h1 absorbing ball for the semi discrete approximation by showing that certain spectral properties hold for the linear operator and certain lipschitz properties hold for the nonlinear term convergence of the true and discrete inertial manifolds is then shown by considering the contraction mappings used to construct the inertial manifolds a fully implicit scheme is shown to form a continuous semigroup in a discrete l2 space and absorbing balls of radii independent of the spatial and temporal mesh sizes in discrete l2 and h1 spaces are constructed existence of a global attractor follows furthermore the existence of an inertial manifold is proved by showing that certain spectral and lipschitz properties hold for a semi implicit scheme existence of absorbing balls in the discrete space l2 of radii independent of the spatial and temporal mesh is proved existence of a global attractor follows

on depletion of the vortex stretching term in the 3d navier stokes equations certain new cancellation properties in the vortex stretching term are detected leading to new geometric criteria for preventing finite time blow up in the 3d navier stokes equations

on approximate inertial manifolds for two and three dimensional turbulent flows abstract in this paper we present some results concerning finite dimensional analytic manifolds that approximate the global attractor and the structure of the small eddies for the navier stokes equations under periodic boundary conditions we show that the smoother the external force the better the approximation

instability of two phase flows a lower bound on the dimension of the global attractor of the cahn hilliard navier stokes system abstract we consider a model for the flow of a mixture of two viscous and incompressible fluids in a two or three dimensional channel like domain the model consists of the navier stokes equations governing the fluid velocity coupled with a convective cahn hilliard equation for the relative density of atoms of one of the fluids we prove the instability of certain stationary solutions for such a system endowed with periodic boundary conditions on elongated domains 0 2 0 0 2 or 0 2 0 0 2 0 2 0 for a special class of periodic body forces provided that 0 and 0 are small enough as a consequence we deduce a lower bound for the hausdorff dimension of the global attractor

ill posedness for the navier stokes equations in critical besov spaces b q 1 abstract we study the cauchy problem for the incompressible navier stokes equations in two and higher spatial dimensions 0 1 u t u u u p 0 div u 0 u 0 x u 0 for arbitrarily small 0 we show that the solution map u 0 u in critical besov spaces b q 1 q 1 2 is discontinuous at origin it is known that the navier stokes equation is globally well posed for small data in bmo 1 20 taking notice of the embedding b q 1 bmo 1 q 2 we see that for sufficiently small 0 u 0 b q 1 q 2 can guarantee that 0 1 has a unique global solution in bmo 1 however this solution is instable in b q 1 and the solution can have an inflation in b q 1 for certain initial data

the likelihood ratio test for a change point in simple linear regression summary we consider likelihood ratio tests to detect a change point in simple linear regression a when the alternative specifies that only the intercept changes and b when the alternative permits the intercept and the slope to change approximations for the significance level are obtained under reasonably general assumptions about the empirical distribution of the independent variable the approximations are compared with simulations in order to assess their accuracy for the model in which only the intercept is allowed to change a confidence region for the change point and an approximate joint confidence region for the change point the difference in intercepts and the slope are obtained by inversion of the appropriate likelihood ratio tests

nonholonomic mechanical systems with symmetry this work develops the geometry and dynamics of mechanical systems with nonholonomic constraints and symmetry from the perspective of lagrangian mechanics and with a view to control theoretical applications the basic methodology is that of geometric mechanics applied to the formulation of lagrange d alembert generalizing the use of connections and momentum maps associated with a given symmetry group to this case we begin by formulating the mechanics of nonholonomic systems using an ehresmann connection to model the constraints and show how the curvature of this connection enters into lagrange s equations unlike the situation with standard configuration space constraints the presence of symmetries in the nonholonomic case may or may not lead to conservation laws however the momentum map determined by the symmetry group still satisfies a useful differential equation that decouples from the group variables this momentum equation which plays an important role in control problems involves parallel transport operators and is computed explicitly in coordinates an alternative description using a body reference frame relates part of the momentum equation to the components of the euler poincar e equations along those symmetry directions consistent with the constraints one of the purposes of this paper is to derive this evolution equation for the momentum and to distinguish geometrically and mechanically the cases where it is conserved and those where it is not an example of the former is a ball or vertical disk rolling on a flat plane and an example of the latter is the snakeboard a modified version of the skateboard which uses momentum coupling for locomotion generation we construct a synthesis of the mechanical connection and the ehresmann connection defining the constraints obtaining an important new object we call the nonholonomic connection when the nonholonomic connection is a principal connection for the given symmetry group we show how to perform lagrangian reduction in the presence of nonholonomic constraints generalizing previous results which only held in special cases several detailed examples are given to illustrate the theory september 1994 revised march 1995 revised june 1995

tests for detecting overdispersion in poisson regression models abstract poisson regression models are widely used in analyzing count data this article develops tests for detecting extra poisson variation in such situations the tests can be obtained as score tests against arbitrary mixed poisson alternatives and are generalizations of tests of fisher 1950 and collings and margolin 1985 accurate approximations for computing significance levels are given and the power of the tests against negative binomial alternatives is compared with those of the pearson and deviance statistics one way to test for extra poisson variation is to fit models that parametrically incorporate and then test for the absence of such variation within the models for example negative binomial models can be used in this way cameron and trivedi 1986 lawless 1987a the tests in this article require only the poisson model to be fitted two test statistics are developed that are motivated partly by a desire to have good distributional approximations for computing significance levels simu

kraichnan turbulence via finite time averages relations central to kraichnan s theory of fully developed two dimensional turbulence are rigorously established for finite time averages in particular we prove that if the ratio of the averages of palinstrophy to enstrophy is large then a large inertial range displaying an enstrophy cascade exists moreover if this ratio is comparable up to a logarithm to the dissipation wave number a necessary condition for turbulence then the power law for the energy spectrum until now derived only heuristically is rigorously shown to provide up to a logarithm an upper bound for the energy spectrum finally we show that deep in the dissipation range the palinstrophy contributed by eddies smaller than a specified length decays exponentially in the corresponding wave number the averaging times needed for these relations are bounded in terms of the generalized grashof number independent of the solution for which the time averages are taken solutions are not assumed to be on the global attractor merely within the absorbing ball an easily verified condition

gevrey regularity of mild solutions to the parabolic elliptic system of drift diffusion type in critical besov spaces abstract this paper is devoted to studying analyticity of mild solutions to the parabolic elliptic system of drift diffusion type with small initial data in critical besov spaces more precisely by using multilinear singular integrals and fourier localization argument we show that global in time mild solutions are gevrey regular i e e t 1 v e t 1 w l t b p r 2 n p r n l t 1 b p r n p r n for all 1 p 2 n and 1 r where 1 is the fourier multiplier whose symbol is given by 1 i 1 n i as a corollary we obtain decay estimates of mild solutions in critical besov spaces without using cumbersome recursive estimation of higher order derivatives

the dissipative scale of the stochastics navier stokes equation regularization and analyticity we prove spatial analyticity for solutions of the stochastically forced navier stokes equation provided that the forcing is sufficiently smooth spatially we also give estimates which extend to the stationary regime providing strong control of both of the expected rate of dissipation and fluctuations about this mean surprisingly we could not obtain non random estimates of the exponential decay rate of the spatial fourier spectra

on the hydrostatic approximation of the navier stokes equations in a thin strip abstract in this paper we first prove the global well posedness of a scaled anisotropic navier stokes system and the hydrostatic navier stokes system in a 2 d striped domain with small analytic data in the tangential variable then we justify the limit from the anisotropic navier stokes system to the hydrostatic navier stokes system with analytic data