probability of directional errors with disordinal qualitative interaction in a factorial design with two or more factors there is nonzero interaction when the differences among the levels of one factor vary with levels of other factors the interaction is disordinal or qualitative with respect to a specific factor saya if the difference between at least two levels ofa is positive for some and negative for some levels of the other factors using standard methods of analysis there is a potentially large probability of drawing incorrect conclusions about the signs of differences in the presence of disordinal interaction the maximum probability of such incorrect conclusions or directional errors is derived for two factor designs in which the factor of interest has two levels and the number of levels of the other factor varies

pseudo time stepping methods for space time discontinuous galerkin discretizations of the compressible navier stokes equations the space time discontinuous galerkin discretization of the compressible navier stokes equations results in a non linear system of algebraic equations which we solve with pseudo time stepping methods we show that explicit runge kutta methods developed for the euler equations suffer from a severe stability constraint linked to the viscous part of the equations and propose an alternative to relieve this constraint while preserving locality to evaluate its effectiveness we compare with an implicit explicit runge kutta method which does not suffer from the viscous stability constraint we analyze the stability of the methods and illustrate their performance by computing the flow around a 2d airfoil and a 3d delta wing at low and moderate reynolds numbers

strong detectability and observers conditions are given for the existence of observers that estimate unmeasured outputs on the basis of partial information on the input and the state the concepts of strong detectability and strong observability introduced before in the literature for discrete time systems only are defined and studied for continuous time systems it is shown that there are two different concepts of strong detectability which coincide for discrete time systems algebraic conditions for either concept are given it is shown that these concepts are intimately related to the existence of strong observers i e observers that only use the output of the plant

almost invariant subspaces an approach to high gain feedback design part ii almost conditionally invariant subspaces in part i of this paper almost controlled invariant subspaces were studied in this part we will consider their duals the almost conditionally invariant subspaces these concepts give immediately by dualization of the almost disturbance decoupling control by state feedback the solution of the almost disturbance decoupled estimation problem finally we consider the problem of approximate disturbance decoupling by measurement feedback and it is shown that this problem is solvable to any arbitrary degree of accuracy if and only if 1 almost disturbance decoupling by state feedback and 2 almost disturbance decoupled estimation of the to be controlled output are both possible

quadratic stabilizability of uncertain systems a two level optimization setup abstract the problem of stabilizing linear systems subject to possibly fast time varying uncertainties is investigated necessary and sufficient conditions of quadratic stabilizability are discussed the design process is formulated as a two level optimization process which can be simplified if the uncertainty is bounded by a hyperpolyhedron

computations of multi fluid flows abstract full numerical simulations of three dimensional flows of two or more immiscible fluids of different densities and viscosities separated by a sharp interface with finite surface tension are discussed the method used is based on a finite difference approximation of the full navier stokes equations and explicit tracking of the interface between the fluids preliminary simulations of the rayleigh taylor instability and the motion of bubbles are shown

three dimensional front tracking we describe a three dimensional front tracking algorithm discuss its numerical implementation and present studies to validate the correctness of this approach based on the results of the two dimensional computations we expect three dimensional front tracking to significantly improve computational efficiencies for problems dominated by discontinuities in some cases for which the interface computations display considerable numerical sensitivity we expect a greatly enhanced capability

a stabilization algorithm for a class of uncertain linear systems abstract this paper presents an algorithm for the stabilization of a class of uncertain linear systems the uncertain systems under consideration are described by state equations which depend on time varying unknown but bounded uncertain parameters the construction of the stabilizing controller involves solving a certain algebraic riccati equation furthermore the solution to this riccati equation defines a quadratic lyapunov function which is used to establish the stability of the closed loop system this leads to a notion of quadratic stabilizability it is shown that the stabilization procedure will succeed if and only if the given uncertain linear system is quadratically stabilizable the paper also deals with a notion of overbounding for uncertain linear systems this procedure enables the stabilization algorithm to be applied to a larger class of uncertain linear systems also included in the paper are results which indicate the degree of conservativeness introduced by this overbounding process

a fast level set method for propagating interfaces a method is introduced to decrease the computational labor of the standard level set method for propagating interfaces the fast approach uses only points close to the curve at every time step we describe this new algorithm and compare its efficiency and accuracy with the standard level set approach

notions of stabilizability and controllability for a class of uncertain linear systems abstract this paper investigates the relationship between stabilizability and certain notions of controllability for a class of uncertain linear systems containing time varying unknown but bounded uncertain parameters the paper introduces a notion of controllability invariance roughly speaking an uncertain system is controllability invariant if it is controllable in the usual sense for each fixed value of the uncertain parameters the paper describes a class of uncertain systems for which controllability invariance implies stabilizability

a 3d adaptive mesh refinement algorithm for multimaterial gas dynamics abstract adaptive mesh refinement amr in conjunction with high order upwind finite difference methods has been used effectively on a variety of problems in this paper we discuss an implementation of an amr finite difference method that solves the equations of gas dynamics with two material species in three dimensions an equation for the evolution of volume fractions augments the gas dynamics system the material interface is preserved and tracked from the volume fractions using a piecewise linear reconstruction technique

high order essentially nonsocillatory schemes for hamilton jacobi equations hamilton jacobi h j equations are frequently encountered in applications e g in control theory and differential games h j equations are closely related to hyperbolic conservation laws in one space dimension the former is simply the integrated version of the latter similarity also exists for the multidimensional case and this is helpful in the design of difference approximations in this paper high order essentially nonoscillatory eno schemes for h j equations are investigated which yield uniform high order accuracy in smooth regions and sharply resolve discontinuities in the derivatives the eno scheme construction procedure is adapted from that for hyperbolic conservation laws the schemes are numerically tested on a variety of one dimensional and two dimensional problems including a problem related to control optimization and high order accuracy in smooth regions good resolution of discontinuities in the derivatives and convergence to viscosity solutions are observed

robust stabilization of linear systems with norm bounded time varying uncertainty abstract in this paper robust stabilization of a class of linear systems with norm bounded time varying uncertainties is considered it is shown that for this class of uncertain systems quadratic stabilizability via linear control is equivalent to the existence of a positive definite symmetric matrix solution to a parameter dependent riccati equation also a construction for the stabilizing feedback law is given in terms of the solution to the riccati equation

adaptive moment of fluid method a novel adaptive mesh refinement amr strategy based on the moment of fluid mof method for volume tracking of evolving interfaces is presented moment of fluid method is a new interface reconstruction and volume advection method using volume fractions as well as material centroids the mesh refinement criterion is based on the deviation of the actual centroid obtained by interface reconstruction from the reference centroid given by moment advection process the centroid error indicator detects not only high curvature regions but also regions with complicated subcell structures like filaments a new lagrange remap scheme is presented for advecting moments which includes lagrangian backtracking polygon intersection based remapping and forward tracking to define the material centroid the effectiveness and efficiency of amr mof method is demonstrated with classical test problems such as zalesak s disk and reversible vortex problem the comparison with previously published results for these problems shows the superior accuracy of the amr mof method over other methods in addition two new test cases with severe deformation rates are introduced namely droplet deformation and s shape deformation problems for further demonstration of the capabilities of the amr mof method

quadrature free implementation of discontinuous galerkin method for hyperbolic equations a discontinuous galerkin formulation that avoids the use of discrete quadrature formulas is described and applied to linear and nonlinear test problems in one and two space dimensions this approach requires less computational time and storage than conventional implementations but preserves the compactness and robustness inherent in the discontinuous galerkin method test problems include the linear and nonlinear one dimensional scalar advection of smooth initial value problems that are discretized by using unstructured grids with varying degrees of smoothness and regularity and two dimensional linear euler solutions on unstructured grids

a level set approach for computing solutions to incompressible two phase flow a level set approach for computing solutions to incompressible two phase flow is presented the interface between the two fluids is considered to be sharp and is described as the zero level set of a smooth function a new treatment of the level set method allows us to efficiently maintain the level set function as the signed distance from the interface we never have to explicitly reconstruct or find the zero level set consequently we are able to handle arbitrarily complex topologies large density and viscosity ratios and surface tension on relatively coarse grids we use a second order projection method along with a second order upwinded procedure for advecting the momentum and level set equations we consider the motion of air bubbles and water drops we also compute flows with multiple fluids such as air oil and water

space time discontinuous galerkin finite element method for shallow water flows a space time discontinuous galerkin dg finite element method is presented for the shallow water equations over varying bottom topography the method results in nonlinear equations per element which are solved locally by establishing the element communication with a numerical hllc flux to deal with spurious oscillations around discontinuities we employ a dissipation operator only around discontinuities using krivodonova s discontinuity detector the numerical scheme is verified by comparing numerical and exact solutions and validated against a laboratory experiment involving flow through a contraction we conclude that the method is second order accurate in both space and time for linear polynomials

space time discontinuous galerkin finite element method with dynamic grid motion for inviscid compressible flows i general formulation a new space time discontinuous galerkin finite element method for the solution of the euler equations of gas dynamics in time dependent flow domains is presented the discontinuous galerkin discretization results in an efficient elementwise conservative upwind finite element method which is particularly well suited for local mesh refinement the upwind scheme uses a formulation of the hllc flux applicable to moving meshes and several formulations for the stabilization operator to ensure that monotone solutions around discontinuities are investigated the non linear equations of the space time discretization are solved using a multigrid accelerated pseudo time integration technique with an optimized runge kutta method the linear stability of the pseudo time integration method is investigated for the linear advection equation the numerical scheme is demonstrated with simulations of the flow field in a shock tube a channel with a bump and an oscillating naca 0012 airfoil these simulations show that using the data at the superconvergence points the accuracy of the numerical discretization is o h5 2 in space for smooth subsonic flows both on structured and on locally refined meshes and that the space time adaptation can significantly improve the accuracy and efficiency of the numerical method

necessary and sufficient conditions for quadratic controllability of a class of uncertain systems we introduce a controllability notion for uncertain systems namely quadratic controllability for a specific class of norm bounded uncertain systems we show that this notion is equivalent to controllability of a nominal system and the satisfaction of a certain structural condition by the uncertainty for systems in which the uncertain parameters affect all control inputs this structural condition is simply the familiar matching condition commonly encountered in the literature on robust and adaptive control of uncertain systems

space time discontinuous galerkin discretization of rotating shallow water equations a space time discontinuous galerkin dg discretization is presented for the rotating shallow water equations over varying topography we formulate the space time dg finite element discretization in an efficient and conservative discretization the hllc flux is used as numerical flux through the finite element boundaries when discontinuities are present we locally apply dissipation around these discontinuities with the help of krivodonova s discontinuity indicator such that spurious oscillations are suppressed the non linear algebraic system resulting from the discretization is solved using a pseudo time integration with a second order five stage runge kutta method a thorough verification of the space time dg finite element method is undertaken by comparing numerical and exact solutions we also carry out a discrete fourier analysis of the one dimensional linear rotating shallow water equations to show that the method is unconditionally stable with minimal dispersion and dissipation error the numerical scheme is validated in a novel way by considering various simulations of bore vortex interactions in combination with a qualitative analysis of pv generation by non uniform bores finally the space time dg method is particularly suited for problems where dynamic grid motion is required to demonstrate this we simulate waves generated by a wave maker and verify these for low amplitude waves where linear theory is approximately valid

regular article a pde based fast local level set method we develop a fast method to localize the level set method of osher and sethian 1988 j comput phys 79 12 and address two important issues that are intrinsic to the level set method a how to extend a quantity that is given only on the interface to a neighborhood of the interface b how to reset the level set function to be a signed distance function to the interface efficiently without appreciably moving the interface this fast local level set method reduces the computational effort by one order of magnitude works in as much generality as the original one and is conceptually simple and easy to implement our approach differs from previous related works in that we extract all the information needed from the level set function or functions in multiphase flow and do not need to find explicitly the location of the interface in the space domain the complexity of our method to do tasks such as extension and distance reinitialization is o n where n is the number of points in space not o n log n as in works by sethian 1996 proc nat acad sci 93 1591 and helmsen and co workers 1996 spie microlithography ix p 253 this complexity estimation is also valid for quite general geometrically based front motion for our localized method

stabilization of an uncertain linear system in which uncertain parameters enter into the input matrix this paper presents a procedure for stabilizing a class of uncertain linear systems the uncertain systems under consideration are described by state equations in which the input matrix depends on a matrix of uncertain parameters this matrix of uncertain parameters may be time varying however it is constrained by a bound on its induced norm the stabilization procedure presented involves the repeated solution of an algebraic riccati equation when a positive definite solution to this riccati equation is obtained this solution is used to construct a stabilizing linear control law another important result contained in this paper can be stated roughly as follows for the class of uncertain systems under consideration if a system can be stabilized via nonlinear control then it is also possible to stabilize the system via linear control

all controllers for the general h control problem lmi existence conditions and state space formulas this paper presents all controllers for the general h control problem with no assumptions on the plant matrices necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of an h controller of any order are given in terms of three linear matrix inequalities lmis our existence conditions are equivalent to scherer s results but with a more elementary derivation furthermore we provide the set of all h controllers explicitly parametrized in the state space using the positive definite solutions to the lmis even under standard assumptions full rank etc our controller parametrization has an advantage over the q parametrization the freedom q a real rational stable transfer matrix with the h norm bounded above by a specified number is replaced by a constant matrix l of fixed dimension with a norm bound and the solutions x y to the lmis the inequality formulation converts the existence conditions to a convex feasibility problem and also the free matrix l and the pair x y define a finite dimensional design space as opposed to the infinite dimensional space associated with the q parametrization

numerical methods for tracking interfaces an overview is given of special numerical methods for tracking discontinuous fronts and interfaces these methods include surface tracking methods based on connected marker points along the interface volume tracking methods that track the volume occupied by the solution regions bounded by the interfaces and moving mesh methods where the underlying mesh is aligned and moved with the interface the pros and cons of the current methods are discussed and a new method is proposed that overcomes some of the difficulties encountered in approximating equations with multiple interacting interfaces

space time discontinuous galerkin method for nonlinear water waves a space time discontinuous galerkin dg finite element method for nonlinear water waves in an inviscid and incompressible fluid is presented the space time dg method results in a conservative numerical discretization on time dependent deforming meshes which follow the free surface evolution the algorithm is higher order accurate both in space and time and closely related to an arbitrary lagrangian eulerian ale approach a detailed derivation of the numerical algorithm is given including an efficient procedure to solve the nonlinear algebraic equations resulting from the space time discretization numerical examples are shown on a series of model problems to demonstrate the accuracy and capabilities of the method

quadratic controllability strong controllability and a related output feedback property quadratic controllability and strong controllability are the two system properties to be discussed for a special class of norm bounded uncertain linear systems the main contribution of this paper is twofold first we show that it is possible to reduce the problem of checking quadratic controllability or strong controllability of a given uncertain system to the same problem for a reduced order subsystem which we call the essential subsystem then we use this result to examine a related output feedback property specifically for a given uncertain system we will answer the following question what condition is necessary and sufficient for the existence of a dynamic output feedback controller such that the states of the closed loop system converge to the origin with an arbitrarily fast rate our aim is to provide an insight and better understanding of uncertain systems through these results

a cartesian grid projection method for the incompressible euler equations in complex geometries many problems in fluid dynamics require the representation of complicated internal or external boundaries of the flow here we present a method for calculating time dependent incompressible inviscid flow which combines a projection method with a cartesian grid approach for representing geometry in this approach the body is represented as an interface embedded in a regular cartesian mesh the advection step is based on a cartesian grid algorithm for compressible flow in which the discretization of the body near the flow uses a volume of fluid representation a redistribution procedure is used to eliminate time step restrictions due to small cells where the boundary intersects the mesh the projection step uses an approximate projection based on a cartesian grid method for potential flow the method incorporates knowledge of the body through volume and area fractions along with certain other integrals over the mixed cells convergence results are given for the projection itself and for the time dependent algorithm in two dimensions the method is also demonstrated on flow past a half cylinder with vortex shedding

the singular control problem with dynamic measurement feedback this paper is concerned with the h infty problem with measurement feedback the problem is to find a dynamic feedback from the measured output to the control input such that the closed loop system has an h infty norm strictly less than some a priori given bound gamma and such that the closed loop system is internally stable necessary and sufficient conditions are given under which such a feedback exists the only assumption that must be made is that there are no invariant zeros on the imaginary axis for two subsystems contrary to recent publications no assumptions are made on the direct feedthrough matrices of the plant it turns out that this problem can be reduced to an almost disturbance decoupling problem with measurement feedback and internal stability i e the problem in which we can make the h infty norm arbitrarily small

space time discontinuous galerkin finite element method for two fluid flows a novel numerical method for two fluid flow computations is presented which combines the space time discontinuous galerkin finite element discretization with the level set method and cut cell based interface tracking the space time discontinuous galerkin stdg finite element method offers high accuracy an inherent ability to handle discontinuities and a very local stencil making it relatively easy to combine with local hp refinement the front tracking is incorporated via cut cell mesh refinement to ensure a sharp interface between the fluids to compute the interface dynamics the level set method lsm is used because of its ability to deal with merging and breakup also the lsm is easy to extend to higher dimensions small cells arising from the cut cell refinement are merged to improve the stability and performance the interface conditions are incorporated in the numerical flux at the interface and the stdg discretization ensures that the scheme is conservative as long as the numerical fluxes are conservative the numerical method is applied to one and two dimensional two fluid test problems using the euler equations

space time discontinuous galerkin method for the compressible navier stokes equations a space time discontinuous galerkin finite element method for the compressible navier stokes equations is presented we explain the space time setting derive the weak formulation and discuss our choices for the numerical fluxes the resulting numerical method allows local grid adaptation as well as moving and deforming boundaries which we illustrate by computing the flow around a 3d delta wing on an adapted mesh and by simulating the dynamic stall phenomenon of a 2d airfoil in rapid pitch up maneuver

level set methods an overview and some recent results the level set method was devised by s osher and j a sethian 1988 j comput phys 79 12 49 as a simple and versatile method for computing and analyzing the motion of an interface in two or three dimensions bounds a possibly multiply connected region the goal is to compute and analyze the subsequent motion of under a velocity field v this velocity can depend on position time the geometry of the interface and the external physics the interface is captured for later time as the zero level set of a smooth at least lipschitz continuous function x t i e t x x t 0 is positive inside negative outside and is zero on t topological merging and breaking are well defined and easily performed in this review article we discuss recent variants and extensions including the motion of curves in three dimensions the dynamic surface extension method fast methods for steady state problems diffusion generated motion and the variational level set approach we also give a user s guide to the level set dictionary and technology and couple the method to a wide variety of problems involving external physics such as compressible and incompressible possibly reacting flow stefan problems kinetic crystal growth epitaxial growth of thin films vortex dominated flows and extensions to multiphase motion we conclude with a discussion of applications to computer vision and image processing

regular article an accurate cartesian grid method for viscous incompressible flows with complex immersed boundaries a cartesian grid method has been developed for simulating two dimensional unsteady viscous incompressible flows with complex immersed boundaries a finite volume method based on a second order accurate central difference scheme is used in conjunction with a two step fractional step procedure the key aspects that need to be considered in developing such a solver are imposition of boundary conditions on the immersed boundaries and accurate discretization of the governing equation in cells that are cut by these boundaries a new interpolation procedure is presented which allows systematic development of a spatial discretization scheme that preserves the second order spatial accuracy of the underlying solver the presence of immersed boundaries alters the conditioning of the linear operators and this can slow down the iterative solution of these equations the convergence is accelerated by using a preconditioned conjugate gradient method where the preconditioner takes advantage of the structured nature of the underlying mesh the accuracy and fidelity of the solver is validated by simulating a number of canonical flows and the ability of the solver to simulate flows with very complicated immersed boundaries is demonstrated

a discontinuoushpfinite element method for diffusion problems we present an extension of the discontinuous galerkin method which is applicable to the numerical solution of diffusion problems the method involves a weak imposition of continuity conditions on the solution values and on fluxes across interelement boundaries within each element arbitrary spectral approximations can be constructed with different orderspin each element we demonstrate that the method is elementwise conservative a property uncharacteristic of high order finite elements for clarity we focus on a model class of linear second order boundary value problems and we developpriorierror estimates convergence proofs and stability estimates the results of numerical experiments onh andp convergence rates for representative two dimensional problems suggest that the method is robust and capable of delivering exponential rates of convergence

runge kutta discontinuous galerkin method for the approximation of baer and nunziato type multiphase models a high order numerical method is developed for the computation of compressible multiphase flows the model we use is based on the baer and nunziato type systems 4 among all the other available models in the literature these systems present the advantage to be able to simulate either interface or mixture problems nevertheless they still raise some issues mainly based on their non conservative feature the numerical method we propose is a discontinuous galerkin type in this work the interior side integrals are computed thanks to 2 robustness and high order of accuracy of the method are proved on classical interface problems but also on suitably derived analytical solutions

on the structure of strongly controllable systems an important problem in the structure theory of linear systems is the construction of a canonical form for strongly controllable systems i e surjective systems without finite zeros the problem has been solved in principle morse 1973 kronecker 1890 but without a clear identification of the system theoretic meaning of the construction steps this paper proposes the concept of a train basis in order to give this interpretation the second main idea of the paper is the system associated with a sub space through which concept it is possible to translate problems concerning a b invariance etc of subspaces in terms of input output systems in this way we make contact with results of willems 1980 on almost invariance

robust stabilization of uncertain linear systems quadratic stabilizability and h sup infinity control theory the problem of robustly stabilizing a linear uncertain system is considered with emphasis on the interplay between the time domain results on the quadratic stabilization of uncertain systems and the frequency domain results on h sup infinity optimization a complete solution to a certain quadratic stabilization problem in which uncertainty enters both the state and the input matrices of the system is given relations between these robust stabilization problems and h sup infinity control theory are explored it is also shown that in a number of cases if a robust stabilization problem can be solved via lyapunov methods then it can be also be solved via h sup infinity control theory based methods

discontinuous galerkin finite element methods for hyperbolic nonconservative partial differential equations we present space and space time discontinuous galerkin finite element dgfem formulations for systems containing nonconservative products such as occur in dispersed multiphase flow equations the main criterium we pose on the weak formulation is that if the system of nonconservative partial differential equations can be transformed into conservative form then the formulation must reduce to that for conservative systems standard dgfem formulations cannot be applied to nonconservative systems of partial differential equations we therefore introduce the theory of weak solutions for nonconservative products into the dgfem formulation leading to the new question how to define the path connecting left and right states across a discontinuity the effect of different paths on the numerical solution is investigated and found to be small we also introduce a new numerical flux that is able to deal with nonconservative products our scheme is applied to two different systems of partial differential equations first we consider the shallow water equations where topography leads to nonconservative products in which the known possibly discontinuous topography is formally taken as an unknown in the system second we consider a simplification of a depth averaged two phase flow model which contains more intrinsic nonconservative products

on the problem of interactions in the analysis of variance abstract for the two way analysis of variance without the assumption of zero interactions consider the following recommendation test the zero interactions hypothesis and if the hypothesis is not rejected proceed as if the interactions were zero this recommendation is unwarranted and may give incorrect decisions with a large probability as has been pointed out in several articles beginning in the year 1935 despite such isolated criticism it is a recommendation suggested in most applied books in the field and used in countless applications an apology for the recommendation is that it can be easily improved by considering the power of the test and thus obtaining information on the interactions neglected we consider this improved recommendation for the goals of i an interval estimate of one of the cell expectations ii a simultaneous interval estimate of the cell expectations and iii an estimate of the cell with the largest expectation we show that the improved recommendation leads to method

a front tracking method for viscous incompressible multi fluid flows abstract a method to simulate unsteady multi fluid flows in which a sharp interface or a front separates incompressible fluids of different density and viscosity is described the flow field is discretized by a conservative finite difference approximation on a stationary grid and the interface is explicitly represented by a separate unstructured grid that moves through the stationary grid since the interface deforms continuously it is necessary to restructure its grid as the calculations proceed in addition to keeping the density and viscosity stratification sharp the tracked interface provides a natural way to include surface tension effects both two and three dimensional full numerical simulations of bubble motion are presented

discontinuous galerkin finite element method for shallow two phase flows we present a discontinuous galerkin finite element method for two depth averaged two phase flow models one of these models contains nonconservative products for which we developed a discontinuous galerkin finite element formulation in rhebergen et al 2008 j comput phys 227 1887 1922 the other model is a new depth averaged two phase flow model we introduce for shallow two phase flows that does not contain nonconservative products we will compare numerical results of both models and qualitatively validate the models against a laboratory experiment furthermore because of spurious oscillations that may occur near discontinuities a weno slope limiter is applied in conjunction with a discontinuity detector to detect regions where spurious oscillations appear

a coupled level set and volume of fluid method for computing 3d and axisymmetric incompressible two phase flows we present a coupled level set volume of fluid clsvof method for computing 3d and axisymmetric incompressible two phase flows this method combines some of the advantages of the volume of fluid method with the level set method to obtain a method which is generally superior to either method alone we present direct comparisons between computations made with the clsvof method and computations made with the level set method the volume of fluid method and the boundary integral method we also compare our computations to the exact solution for an oscillating ellipse due to lamb and experimental results obtained for a rising gas bubble in liquid obtained by hnat and buckmaster our computational examples focus on flows in which surface tension forces and changes in topology are dominant features of the flow

state space solutions to standard h sub 2 and h sub infinity control problems simple state space formulas are derived for all controllers solving the following standard h sub infinity problem for a given number gamma 0 find all controllers such that the h sub infinity norm of the closed loop transfer function is strictly less than gamma it is known that a controller exists if and only if the unique stabilizing solutions to two algebraic riccati equations are positive definite and the spectral radius of their product is less than gamma sup 2 under these conditions a parameterization of all controllers solving the problem is given as a linear fractional transformation lft on a contractive stable free parameter the state dimension of the coefficient matrix for the lft constructed using the two riccati solutions equals that of the plant and has a separation structure reminiscent of classical lqg i e h sub 2 theory this paper is intended to be of tutorial value so a standard h sub 2 solution is developed in parallel

structural stabilization of uncertain systems necessity of the matching condition this paper investigates one aspect of the problem of stabilizing an uncertain linear system that is the systems under consideration contain uncertain parameters which are unknown but bounded the question arises as to whether such a system can be stabilized via feedback control in some of the previous papers in this area the system is assumed to satisfy a so called matching condition this type of assumption is used to assure that the uncertain system can be stabilized it is known however that the matching condition is not a necessary condition for stabilizability this paper introduces a strengthened notion of stabilizability referred to as structural stabilizability via a nominally determined quadratic lyapunov function it is then shown that if a system is to have this stronger property the matching condition must necessarily be satisfied

system order reduction in robust stabilization problems robust stabilization via state feedback is considered using a fixed quadratic lyapunov function approach quadratic stabilization we investigate the possibility of reducing the quadratic stabilization problem of a given uncertain system to a similar problem for an uncertain subsystem with a fewer number of states this subsystem is the so called regular subsystem associated with the original system it is shown that when some of the control input channels of the given uncertain system are free of uncertainty this reduction is possible we show that a given uncertain system is quadratically stabilizable via linear state feedback if and only if the same holds for its regular subsystem when the regular subsystem is quadratically stabilizable via linear state feedback a simple formula for a controller that quadratically stabilizes the original system is given we also present an example of an uncertain system that is not quadratically stabilizable even though its regular subsystem can be quadratically