causal relationship between trade openness economic growth and energy consumption a panel data analysis of asian countries abstract this paper explores the causal relationship between economic growth trade openness and energy consumption using data of 15 asian countries the study covers the period of 1980 2011 we have applied panel cointegration and causality approaches to examine the long run and causal relationship between variables empirical results confirm the presence of cointegration between variables the impact of economic growth and trade openness on energy consumption is found to be positive the panel granger causality analysis reveals the bidirectional causality between economic growth and energy consumption trade openness and energy consumption

energy consumption gdp nexus heterogeneous panel causality analysis abstract existing studies examining the granger causality relationship between energy consumption and gdp use a panel of countries but implicitly assume that the panels are homogeneous this paper extends the granger causality relationship between energy consumption and gdp by taking into account panel heterogeneity for this purpose we use a large panel of 79 countries for the period 1980 2007 specifically we examine four different causal relationships homogeneous non causality homogeneous causality heterogeneous non causality and heterogeneous causality the results show that roughly seven tenths of the countries exhibit bi directional granger causality two tenths exhibit no granger causality and one tenths exhibit uni directional granger causality

status and outlook for thailand s low carbon electricity development thailand is facing an urgency to enhance its energy security and capacity to cope with global warming impacts as demands on fossil fuel consumption keep rising this paper reviewed the latest situation on renewable powers and developmental strategies toward low carbon electricity generation in thailand government recently has spent tremendous financial and legislative supports to promote the uses of indigenous renewable energy resources and fuel diversification while contributing in reduction of global greenhouse gas major policy challenge is on which types of renewable energy should be more pronounced to ensure sustainable future of the country regions in thailand present different potentials for renewable supply on biomass municipal wastes hydropower and wind to maximize renewable energy development in each area location is matter currently energy derived biomass is widely utilized within the country however if droughts happen more often and severe it will not only affect food security but also energy security life cycle of biomass energy production may cause other social issues on land and chemical uses meanwhile deployment of wind and solar energy has been slow and needs to speed up to the large extent in comparison with energy proportion from biomass nuclear power has already been included in the thai power development plan 2010 pdp 2010 however public acceptance is a major issue setting up strategic renewable energy zone to support power producer according to pre determined potential location may assist development direction furthermore government has to strongly subsidize research and development to lower technology cost and promote private investment on renewable energy industry in the future revision of electricity price is needed to allow fair competition between non renewable and renewable energy once subsidy programs are ended environmental tax according to fuel types could help government progressing toward low carbon electricity stimulating renewable energy development and utilization at local community is a key for thai sufficiency economy

does the bund dominate price discovery in euro bond futures examining information shares abstract this paper examines the relative information shares of the bund i e the 10 year euro bond future contract on german sovereign debt versus two futures with shorter maturity we find that the bund is most important but does not dominate price discovery the other contracts also have relevant and at many days even higher information shares in examining determinants of information shares we add order flow measures to market state variables and macroeconomic news more order flow in a contract consistently increases this contract s information share

industrialization electricity consumption and co2 emissions in bangladesh this paper investigates the relationship between industrialization electricity consumption and co2 emissions in case of bangladesh using quarter frequency data over the period of 1975 2010 the ar

are fluctuations in coal consumption per capita temporary evidence from developed and developing economies abstract this paper investigates the unit root properties of coal consumption per capita for the 47 developed and developing countries for 1965 2010 period to examine the stationary properties of coal consumption per capita lagrange multiplier lm unit root test with one break and two breaks crash model has been utilized according to empirical results the coal consumption is stationary in almost all the countries analyzed thus if the coal consumption is mean or trend reverting then it follows that the series will return to its mean value or trend path and it might be possible to forecast future movements in the coal consumption based on past behaviors of the series for the policy makers it is not necessary to pay attention to coal consumption excepting for indian and italian however for the researchers it is important to take into account the stationarity property of coal consumption and also structural breaks should be modeled in their future studies

the causal relationship between energy use and economic growth in switzerland abstract this paper investigates the relationships between energy consumption and economic growth in switzerland over the period 1950 2010 we apply bounds testing techniques to different energy types separately robustness tests are performed by including additional variables and restricting the analysis to the period after 1970 the results show that there exist robust long run relationships going from real gdp toward heating oil and electricity consumption the relationship between heating oil and gdp is in fact bidirectional although weaker from heating oil toward gdp than in the reverse direction when investigating the period 1970 2010 only the estimate of the long run income elasticity of electricity consumption loses statistical significance and that for heating oil becomes negative those results imply a possible decoupling between gdp growth and energy consumption so that energy conservation policies are not necessarily expected to have a negative impact on swiss economic growth

energy and national income in korea further evidence on the role of omitted variables abstract results of this paper indicate that the real oil price is a major determinant of real national income and energy consumption the combined effects of real money and real government expenditure on real income and energy consumption are also substantial a lack of causality or the causality between energy and real income in prior studies is due to the omitted variables results also confirm that the two oil price shocks combined adversely affected real national income

does financial development increase energy consumption the role of industrialization and urbanization in tunisia this paper assesses the relationship among energy consumption financial development economic growth industrialization and urbanization in tunisia from 1971 to 2008 the autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach to cointegration and granger causality tests is employed for the analysis the result confirms the existence of long run relationship among energy consumption economic growth financial development industrialization and urbanization in tunisia long run bidirectional causalities are found between financial development and energy consumption financial development and industrialization and industrialization and energy consumption hence sound and developed financial system that can attract investors boost the stock market and improve the efficiency of economic activities should be encouraged in the country nevertheless promoting industrialization and urbanization can never be left out from the process of development we add light to policy makers with the role of financial development industrialization and urbanization in the process of economic development

renewable energy consumption economic growth nexus in turkey abstract this paper examines the renewable energy consumption economic growth causality nexus in turkey studies in the literature can be grouped as country specific and multi country studies the results of these studies are inconsistent and there is no agreement on the existence or the direction of causality between renewable energy consumption and economic growth the results of this country specific study support conservation hypothesis the results of empirical tests from ardl approach show that renewable energy consumption has a negative impact on economic growth and the ones of toda yamamoto causality tests show that there is a unidirectional causality running from economic growth to renewable energy consumption

effects of financial development economic growth and trade on electricity consumption evidence from post fukushima japan abstract this study examines the long run and short run effects of financial development economic growth export imports and capital on the japanese energy predicaments as a result of the foregoing energy crisis in the country to ensure a robust outcome the study applied the extended cobb douglas production function and used time series data from 1970 to 2012 following to this structural break unit root test ardl bounds test approach to cointegration and the johansen cointegration test were applied in addition the vecm granger causality framework was used in determining the causal relationship between the variables the findings of the study establish that in the long run a 1 rise in financial development economic growth exports and imports in japan will exert a significant pressure on the japanese electricity consumption by 0 2429 0 5040 0 0921 and 0 2193 respectively however capital was found to decline energy consumption in all material respect in the short run the study discovered how a 1 rise in the dynamics of financial development economic growth exports and imports to add to the japanese electricity predicaments by 0 2210 0 5840 0 0521 and 0 2031 respectively the existence of the feedback relationship between most of the variables was discovered while economic growth exports imports and trade openness were found to granger cause electricity consumption the study advocates the adoption of massive but competitive renewable energy system in japan how it should be done and why it should be done are carefully set by this study

the role of natural gas consumption and trade in tunisia s output this paper examines the impact of natural gas consumption real gross fixed capital formation and trade on the real gdp in case of tunisia over the period of 1980 2010 we used auto regressive distributed lag ardl bounds testing approach to test the existence of long run relationship between the variables the vector error correction method vecm granger approach is applied to test the direction of causal relation between the series our findings indicate the existence of long run relationship among the variables natural gas consumption real gross fixed capital formation and trade add in economic growth natural gas consumption real gross fixed capital formation and real trade granger cause real gdp these findings open up new insights for policy makers to formulate a comprehensive energy policy to sustain economic growth for long run

natural gas consumption and economic growth in pakistan abstract natural gas is a dominant fuel in pakistan it offers the cheapest and a cleaner alternative source of energy this paper examines the relationship of natural gas consumption and economic growth in pakistan we include capital labor and exports in the model with multivariate framework the ardl bounds testing approach to cointegration and innovative accounting approach are employed to investigate the dynamic causality relationships among the variables we find the existence of long run relationship among the variables natural gas consumption capital labor and exports are positively affecting economic growth in pakistan furthermore we support the natural gas consumption led growth hypothesis and suggest that natural gas conservation policies may retard economic growth

economic growth co2 emissions and energy consumption what causes what and where abstract this paper applies panel vector autoregression pvar along with a system generalized method of moment system gmm to examine the dynamic causal relationship between economic growth carbon emissions and energy consumption for 116 countries over the period 1990 2014 using multivariate model the empirical results from this study have established key relationships which have important policy implications first at the global and regional levels economic growth does not cause energy consumption second with the exception of the global and caribbean latin america economic growth has no causal impact on carbon emissions however economic growth has a negative impact on carbon emissions at the global level and the caribbean latin america third carbon emissions positively cause economic growth fourth energy consumption positively causes economic growth in sub saharan africa while it negatively causes economic growth at the global middle east and north africa mena asia pacific and caribbean latin america fifth energy consumption positively causes carbon emissions in mena but causes carbon emissions negatively in sub saharan africa and caribbean latin america lastly with the exception of mena and the global sample carbon emissions do not cause energy consumption the impulse response function shows evidence of environmental kuznets curve at the global scale and sub saharan africa the policy implications of this paper are discussed

energy consumption and economic growth in china a multivariate causality test this study takes a fresh look at the direction of causality between energy consumption and economic growth in china during the period from 1972 to 2006 using a multivariate cointegration approach given the weakness associated with the bivariate causality framework the current study performs a multivariate causality framework by incorporating capital and labor variables into the model between energy consumption and economic growth based on neo classical aggregate production theory using the recently developed autoregressive distributed lag ardl bounds testing approach a long run equilibrium cointegration relationship has been found to exist between economic growth and the explanatory variables energy consumption capital and employment empirical results reveal that the long run parameter of energy consumption on economic growth in china is approximately 0 15 through a long run static solution of the estimated ardl model and that for the short run is approximately 0 12 by the error correction model the study also indicates the existence of short run and long run causality running from energy consumption capital and employment to economic growth the estimation results imply that energy serves as an important source of economic growth thus more vigorous energy use and economic development strategies should be adopted for china

energy consumption and economic growth parametric and non parametric causality testing for the case of greece abstract the objective of this paper is to contribute towards the understanding of the linear and non linear causal linkages between energy consumption and economic activity making use of annual time series data of greece for the period 1960 2008 two are the salient features of our study first the total energy consumption has been adjusted for qualitative differences among its constituent components through the thermodynamics of energy conversion in doing so we rule out the possibility of a misleading inference with respect to causality due to aggregation bias second the investigation of the causal linkage between economic growth and the adjusted for quality total energy consumption is conducted within a non linear context our empirical results reveal significant unidirectional both linear and non linear causal linkages running from total useful energy to economic growth these findings may provide valuable information for the contemplation of more effective energy policies with respect to both the consumption of energy and environmental protection

the relation between chinese economic development and energy consumption in the different periods since the 1980s chinese economy grew rapidly with the rapid economic growth chinese energy consumption sharply increased the relation between chinese energy consumption and economic growth is focused on and many researchers have studied this issue by applying the methods such as granger causality test however the results just reveal the relation in a very long period in this paper the history of chinese economy is divided into four periods and the relation between chinese energy consumption and economic growth is examined by applying grey incidence analysis which is one of the most important methods of grey system theory which can be applied to solve the problems with small samples the results show that the relations in different periods are not the same the degree of grey incidences between total energy consumption and values added of secondary industry is larger and the degree of grey incidences between gdp and consumption of coal is larger too and the policy implications of these results are explained

does financial development lead economic growth a vector auto regression appraisal using a vector autoregression var approach several hypotheses are re examined suggested by the literature concerning the relationship between financial development and economic growth investment and productivity the models use quarterly time series data from ten oecd countries and china innovation accounting or variance decomposition and impulse response function analysis is applied to examine interrelationships between variables in the var system and therefore differs from the more usual granger causality approach in particular it examines the relationship between financial development proxied by total credit at best weak support is found for the hypothesis that financial development leads economic growth

multivariate granger causality between electricity consumption exports and gdp evidence from a panel of middle eastern countries this paper examines the causal relationship between electricity consumption exports and gross domestic product gdp for a panel of middle eastern countries we find that for the panel as a whole there are statistically significant feedback effects between these variables a 1 per cent increase in electricity consumption increases gdp by 0 04 per cent a 1 per cent increase in exports increases gdp by 0 17 per cent and a 1 per cent increase in gdp generates a 0 95 per cent increase in electricity consumption the policy implications are that for the panel as a whole these countries should invest in electricity infrastructure and step up electricity conservation policies to avoid a reduction in electricity consumption adversely affecting economic growth further policy implications are that for the panel as a whole promoting exports particularly non oil exports is a means to promote economic growth and that expansion of exports can be realized without having adverse effects on energy conservation policies

interactions between energy and imports in singapore empirical evidence from conditional error correction models this study empirically tests for long run equilibrium relationship and the direction of causality between imports and energy consumption in singapore the results of the present study reveal that a long run equilibrium relationship exists between import growth and energy consumption growth in singapore by using bivariate systems imports of singapore converge to long term equilibrium levels by 79 9 percent speed of adjustment through the channel of energy growth furthermore the major finding of this study is that there are long and short term undirectional causalities that run from energy growth to import growth in singapore which denote that energy consumption in singapore is a catalyst for importing

energy consumption and economic growth evidence from the economic community of west african states ecowas access to modern energy is believed to be a prerequisite for sustainable development poverty alleviation and the achievement of the millennium development goals however theoretical models and empirical results offer conflicting evidence on the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth that we remain largely unsure of the cause and effect nature of this relationship if indeed a relationship exists at all this paper tests in a panel context the long run relationship between energy access and economic growth for fifteen african countries from 1980 to 2008 by using recently developed panel cointegration techniques we adopt a three stage approach consisting of panel unit root panel cointegration and granger causality tests to study the dynamic causal relationships between energy consumption energy prices and growth as well as relationship between electricity consumption prices and growth results show that gdp and energy consumption as well as gdp and electricity move together in the long run by estimating these long run relationships and testing for causality using panel based error correction models we found unidirectional long run and short run causality the causality is running from gdp to energy consumption in the short run and from energy consumption to gdp in the long run there is also evidence of unidirectional causality running from electricity consumption to gdp in the long run this study thus provides empirical evidence of long run and causal relationships between energy consumption and economic growth for our sample of fifteen countries suggesting that lack or limited access to modern energy services could hamper economic growth and compromise the development prospects of these countries

renewable and non renewable energy consumption growth nexus evidence from a panel error correction model abstract unlike previous renewable energy consumption growth studies this study examines the relationship between renewable and non renewable energy consumption and economic growth for 80 countries within a multivariate panel framework over the period 1990 2007 the pedroni 1999 2004 heterogeneous panel cointegration test show a long run equilibrium relationship between real gdp renewable energy consumption non renewable energy consumption real gross fixed capital formation and the labor force with the respective coefficient estimates positive and statistically significant there is little difference in the elasticity estimates with respect to renewable and non renewable energy consumption the results from the panel error correction model reveal bidirectional causality between renewable and non renewable energy consumption and economic growth in both the short and long run also there is bidirectional short run causality between renewable and non renewable energy consumption indicative of substitutability between the two energy sources

are shocks to renewable energy consumption permanent or transitory an empirical investigation for brazil china and india abstract this paper investigates whether there is a unit root in renewable energy consumption in three large developing economies brazil china and india over the period 1971 2014 to do so it uses four unit root tests assuming one structural break two structural breaks and more than two structural breaks it observes that renewable energy consumption is a unit root process in brazil but it is found as stationary in china and india the paper also tackles issues and challenges in the unit root test methodology in energy economics literature and provides implications for renewable energy consumption in three economies

are fluctuations in electricity consumption per capita transitory evidence from developed and developing economies abstract this paper investigates the unit root properties of electricity consumption per capita of 67 developed and developing countries for the period 1971 2010 to examine the stationary properties of electricity consumption per capita we have adopted lee and strazicich 2003 2004 test of unit root that allows us to test for at most two endogenous breaks and uses the lagrange multiplier lm test statistics results show that 65 country series reject the unit root null hypothesis except for 2 country series thus our empirical findings provide significant evidence that electricity consumption per capita is stationary in almost all countries considered the stationarity of electricity consumption per capita indicates that it should be possible for the series to forecast future movements in the energy consumption based on the past behaviors of the series

the dynamic links between energy consumption economic growth financial development and trade in china fresh evidence from multivariate framework analysis abstract this study investigates the relationship between energy use and economic growth by incorporating financial development international trade and capital as important factors of production function in case of china over the period of 1971 2011 the ardl bounds testing approach to cointegration was applied to examine long run relationship among the series while stationarity properties of the variables was tested by applying structural break test our empirical evidence confirmed long run relationship among the variables the results showed that energy use financial development capital exports imports and international trade have positive impact on economic growth the granger causality analysis revealed that unidirectional causal relationship running from energy use to economic growth financial development and energy use granger cause each other there is bidirectional causality between international trade and energy use the feedback relation exists between financial development and international trade there is also bidirectional causality exists between capital and energy demand financial development and economic growth and international trade and economic growth this paper makes significant contribution in energy economics and opens up new direction for policy makers to explore new and alternative sources of energy which would be helpful in meeting the rising demand of energy due to sustained rate of economic growth

energy consumption and economic growth a causality analysis for greece abstract this paper investigates the causal relationship between aggregated and disaggregated levels of energy consumption and economic growth for greece for the period 1960 2006 through the application of a later development in the methodology of time series proposed by toda and yamamoto 1995 at aggregated levels of energy consumption empirical findings suggest the presence of a uni directional causal relationship running from total energy consumption to real gdp at disaggregated levels empirical evidence suggests that there is a bi directional causal relationship between industrial and residential energy consumption to real gdp but this is not the case for the transport energy consumption with causal relationship being identified in neither direction the importance of these findings lies on their policy implications and their adoption on structural policies affecting energy consumption in greece suggesting that in order to address energy import dependence and environmental concerns without hindering economic growth emphasis should be put on the demand side and energy efficiency improvements

a note on the electricity growth nexus in lao pdr abstract this paper investigates the relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in laos by applying the ardl bounds testing approach to cointegration and granger causality tests our results confirm the existence of a long run relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in addition we found unidirectional causality running from economic growth to electricity consumption in the long run supporting the conservation hypothesis

income level and the energy consumption gdp nexus evidence from sub saharan africa this study tests the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in sub saharan africa using a panel co integration approach country level time series data of energy consumption and economic growth are pooled and used to estimate the model sub saharan african countries in the sample are classified into low income and middle income countries the findings support the neutrality hypothesis in the short run except for middle income countries and a strong causation running in both directions is found in the long run the different results for low and middle income countries provide evidence of the importance of income level in the causal relationship this study helps to explain the interdependence of energy consumption and economic growth in sub saharan africa results are critical in formulating sustainable development policies that are geared to the efficient allocation of resources which are expected to increase access to energy services in the study region

on the causal dynamics between economic growth renewable energy consumption co2 emissions and trade openness fresh evidence from brics countries abstract the current study investigates the causal relationship between economic growth and renewable energy consumption in the brics countries over the period 1971 2010 within a multivariate framework the ardl bounds testing approach to cointegration and vector error correction model vecm are used to examine the long run and causal relationships between economic growth renewable energy consumption trade openness and carbon dioxide emissions empirical evidence shows that based on the ardl estimates there exist long run equilibrium relationships among the competing variables regarding the vecm results bi directional granger causality exists between economic growth and renewable energy consumption suggesting the feedback hypothesis which can explain the role of renewable energy in stimulating economic growth in brics countries

a multivariate cointegration analysis of the role of energy in the us macroeconomy abstract this paper extends my previous analysis of the causal relationship of gdp and energy use in the usa in the post war period a majority of the relevant variables are integrated justifying a cointegration analysis the results show that cointegration does occur and that energy input cannot be excluded from the cointegration space the results are plausible in terms of macroeconomic dynamics the results are similar to my previous granger causality results and contradict claims in the literature based on bivariate models that there is no cointegration between energy and output

on energy consumption and gdp studies a meta analysis of the last two decades abstract the relationship between energy consumption and gdp growth has been intensely examined in multiple frameworks set by various methods and countries this paper is a meta analysis of 51 studies published in the last two decades with worldwide data since 1949 on the relationship between energy consumption and gdp growth the aim is to systemize some of the factors that cause the variation of results in these studies our results yield evidence that the long run elasticity of gdp growth with respect to energy consumption is not independent of the method employed for cointegration the data type and the inclusion of variables such as the price level or capital in the cointegration equation also 1 increase in capital increases the elasticity of gdp with respect to energy consumption by 0 85

energy consumption and gdp in tunisia cointegration and causality analysis abstract in this paper the johansen cointegration technique is used to examine the causal relationship between per capita energy consumption pcec and per capita gross domestic product pcgdp for tunisia during the 1971 2004 period in order to test for granger causality in the presence of cointegration among the variables a vector error correction model vecm is used instead of a vector autoregressive var model our estimation results indicate that the pcgdp and pcec for tunisia are related by one cointegrating vector and that there is a long run bi directional causal relationship between the two series and a short run unidirectional causality from energy to gross domestic product gdp the source of causation in the long run is found to be the error correction terms in both directions hence an important policy implication resulting from this analysis is that energy can be considered as a limiting factor to gdp growth in tunisia conclusions for tunisia may also be relevant for a number of countries that have to go through a similar development path of increasing pressure on already scarce energy resources

energy consumption and economic growth assessing the evidence from greece abstract this paper attempts to shed light into the empirical relationship between energy consumption and economic growth for greece 1960 1996 employing the vector error correction model estimation the vector specification includes energy consumption real gdp and price developments the latter taken to represent a measure of economic efficiency the empirical evidence suggests that there is a long run relationship between the three variables supporting the endogeneity of energy consumption and real output these findings have important policy implications since the adoption of suitable structural policies aiming at improving economic efficiency can induce energy conservation without impeding economic growth

the causal relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in the asean countries abstract this paper investigates the causal relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth among the association of south east asian nations asean 4 members namely indonesia malaysia singapore and thailand using modern time series techniques for the period 1971 2002 the results indicate that there is a bi directional causality between electricity consumption and economic growth in malaysia and singapore this means that an increase in electricity consumption directly affects economic growth and that economic growth also stimulates further electricity consumption in the two countries however uni directional causality runs from economic growth to electricity consumption in indonesia and thailand without any feedback effect thus electricity conservation policies can be initiated without deteriorating economic side effects in the two countries

the energy gdp nexus addressing an old question with new methods abstract this paper reassesses the causal relationship between per capita energy use and gross domestic product while controlling for capital and labour productivity inputs in a panel of 30 oecd countries over the past 40 years the paper uses panel unit root and cointegration testing and specifies an appropriate vector error correction model to analyse the nexus between income and energy use in doing so we contribute to an old debate using modern tools that shed a new light there is some evidence that over the very short run bidirectional causality exists our results also show a strong unidirectional causality running from capital formation and gdp to energy usage in the long run the reverse causality found in recent work is lost we then show that we can reproduce these earlier results in our data if we reproduce a slightly misspecified model for the engle granger two step procedure used in these earlier papers our findings thus imply that results are very sensitive to model misspecification and careful testing of specifications is required our results have some strong policy implications they suggest that policies aimed at reducing energy usage or promoting energy efficiency are not likely to have a detrimental effect on economic growth except over the very short run

causality between trade openness and energy consumption what causes what in high middle and low income countries abstract this paper explores the relationship between trade openness and energy consumption using data of 91 high middle and low income countries the study covers the period of 1980 2010 we have applied panel cointegration to examine long run relationship between the variables the direction of causal relationship between trade openness is investigated by applying homogenous non causality homogenous causality and heterogeneous causality tests our variables are integrated at i 1 confirmed by time series and panel unit root tests and cointegration is found between trade openness and energy consumption the relationship between trade openness and energy consumption is inverted u shaped in high income countries but u shaped in middle and low income countries the homogenous and non homogenous causality analysis reveals the bidirectional causality between trade openness and energy consumption this paper opens up new insights for policy makers to design a comprehensive economic trade and policies for sustainable economic growth in long run following heterogeneous causality findings

energy consumption and growth in south america evidence from a panel error correction model abstract this study examines the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth for a panel of nine south american countries over the period 1980 2005 within a multivariate framework given the relatively short span of the time series data a panel cointegration and error correction model is employed to infer the causal relationship pedroni s heterogeneous panel cointegration test reveals a long run equilibrium relationship between real gdp energy consumption the labor force and real gross fixed capital formation with the respective coefficients positive and statistically significant the granger causality results indicate both short run and long run causality from energy consumption to economic growth which supports the growth hypothesis

an international literature survey on energy economic growth nexus evidence from country specific studies in this paper an extensive review of the rapidly growing in the literature on the nexus between economic growth and four types of energy consumption total energy consumption electricity consumption nuclear consumption and renewable consumption the various hypotheses associated with the causal interaction between these variables along with a survey of the empirical literature are also discussed the survey focuses on country coverage periods modeling techniques and empirical conclusions a general observation from these studies that results are found to be sensitive to methodology and type of energy considered the empirical results for the specific countries surveyed show that i for energy consumption growth nexus 29 supported the growth hypothesis 27 the feedback hypothesis 23 the conservation hypothesis and 21 the neutrality hypothesis ii for the electricity consumption growth nexus 40 supported the growth hypothesis 33 the feedback hypothesis and 27 conservation hypothesis iii for the nuclear consumption growth nexus 60 supported the neutrality hypothesis and 40 the growth hypothesis and iv for the renewable consumption growth nexus 40 supported the neutrality hypothesis 40 the conservation hypothesis and 20 the growth hypothesis these mixed results may be attributed to the different used data selected variables and econometric approaches undertaken

electricity generation mix and economic growth what role is being played by nuclear sources and carbon dioxide emissions in france abstract the gradual trend towards the electrification of economies has raised new challenges focusing on france this paper uses monthly data from january 2010 to november 2014 to study the challenge of the simultaneous integration of various sources of generation and their relationship with economic growth for the analysis of the dynamics of interaction between electricity sources the auto regressive distributed lag ardl bounds test approach was shown to be appropriate as it allows short and long run effects to be distinguished the results showed that nuclear energy has been a huge driver of economic growth in france and at the same time leads to an environment with lower co 2 emissions renewables were shown to exert a negative effect on economic growth which could be due to lack of investment in other sources of production due to the resilient position held by nuclear sources the substitution effect among sources is noticeable the robustness of the results was checked using annual data from 1970 until 2012 and the results were comparable to those from the monthly data

the causal link between energy and output growth evidence from markov switching granger causality abstract in this paper we empirically investigate the causal link between energy consumption and economic growth employing a markov switching granger causality analysis we carry out our investigation using annual u s real gdp total final energy consumption and total primary energy consumption data which cover the period between 1968 and 2010 we find that there are significant changes in the causal relation between energy consumption and economic growth over the sample period under investigation our results show that total final energy consumption and total primary energy consumption have significant predictive content for real economic activity in the u s economy furthermore the causality running from energy consumption to output growth seems to be strongly apparent particularly during the periods of economic downturn and energy crisis we also document that output growth has predictive power in explaining total energy consumption furthermore the power of output growth in predicting total energy consumption is found to diminish after the mid of 1980s

causality between energy and output in the long run though there is a very large literature examining whether energy use granger causes economic output or vice versa this literature is fairly inconclusive almost all existing studies use relatively short time series or panels with a relatively small time dimension additionally many recent papers continue to use what seem to be misspecified models we apply granger causality and cointegration techniques to a swedish time series data set on energy and economic growth spanning 150 years to test whether increases in energy use and energy quality have driven economic growth we show that these techniques are very sensitive to variable definition choice of additional variables in the model and sample periods all of the following appear to make a finding that energy causes growth more likely using multivariate models defining variables to better reflect their theoretical definition using larger samples and including appropriate structural breaks however it is also possible that the relationship between energy and growth has changed over time and that results from recent smaller samples reflect this energy prices have a significant causal impact on both energy use and output

fuel food or forest dilemmas in a nepali village abstract field data from a village panchayat in the east nepal hill region demonstrate that deforestation is caused not so much by fuelwood demand as by the need to clear forest areas for food supply the method of analysis uses questionnaire survey participant observation and direct measurements in a micro set up to assess the demand as well as the supply systems of food and fuel and to analyse the impact on deforestation policy implications suggest that to control deforestation food production and distribution practices need to be improved existing forests need to be managed better to increase sustainable fuelwood supply and the direct participation of local people is indispensable to implement desired improvements

the relationship between disaggregate energy consumption and industrial production in the united states an ardl approach abstract we re examine the relationship between disaggregate energy consumption and industrial output as well as employment in the united states using the autoregressive distributed lag ardl approach developed by pesaran and pesaran pesaran m h pesaran b 1997 working with microfit 4 0 camfit data ltd cambridge and pesaran shin and smith pesaran m h shin y smith r j 2001 bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships journal of applied econometrics 16 289 326 in particular we focus attention on the following energy consumption variables coal fossil fuels conventional hydroelectric power solar energy wind energy natural gas wood and waste the sample period covers 2001 1 2005 6 our results imply that real output and employment are long run forcing variables for nearly all measures of disaggregate energy consumption

the energy growth nexus in thailand does trade openness boost up energy consumption the nexus between trade openness and energy demand is hot topic of discussion among academicians and researchers and numerous studies are available in existing literature while investigating the nexus between trade openness and energy demand this paper explores the relationship between energy consumption trade openness and economic growth in case of thailand in doing so we have applied bayer and hanck cointegration approach to test whether the long run relationship exists between the variables our results confirm the presence of cointegration between the variables energy consumption stimulates economic growth trade openness adds in economic growth the causality analysis reveals that energy consumption granger causes economic growth and in resulting economic growth granger causes energy consumption trade openness and energy consumption are interdependent i e trade openness granger causes energy consumption and in return energy consumption granger causes trade openness this paper openness up new directions for policy making authorities in thailand to design a comprehensive energy and trade policies to sustain economic growth for long run

testing for granger causality between energy use and foreign direct investment inflows in developing countries abstract foreign direct investment inflows fdi and emissions exhibit a two way relationship in particular this research studies the relationship between fdi inflows and emissions from energy use in developing countries this is done through conducting a granger causality test on the direction of the relationship between fdi inflows and energy use for that a fixed effect panel data model with heterogeneous slopes is used heterogeneous slopes specification is selected to account for individual differences within countries error correction model is the chosen estimation approach the empirical results highlight the presence of a two way relationship between fdi inflows and emissions from energy use when testing for short and long run effects jointly however this result varies when testing for no long run effect within individual countries policy implications for developing countries are also given

the causal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in lebanon this paper investigates the dynamic causal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in lebanon over the period 1980 2009 within a bivariate framework imposed on us due to data limitations and in an effort to increase the robustness of our results we employ a variety of causality tests namely hsiao toda yamamoto and vector error correction based granger causality tests we find strong evidence of a bidirectional relationship both in the short run and in the long run indicating that energy is a limiting factor to economic growth in lebanon from a policy perspective the confirmation of the feedback hypothesis warns against the use of policy instruments geared towards restricting energy consumption as these may lead to adverse effects on economic growth consequently there is a pressing need to revise the current national energy policy that calls for a 5 energy conservation target also to shield the country from external supply shocks given its substantial dependence on energy imports policymakers should emphasize the development of domestic energy resources further the most pertinent implication is that relaxing the present electric capacity shortages should be made a national priority in view of its potential positive effect on the economy

a literature survey on energy growth nexus abstract this paper provides a survey of the recent progress in the literature of energy consumption economic growth and electricity consumption economic growth causality nexus the survey highlights that most empirical studies focus on either testing the role of energy electricity in stimulating economic growth or examining the direction of causality between these two variables although the positive role of energy on growth has become a stylized fact there are some methodological reservations about the results from these empirical studies a general observation from these studies is that the literature produced conflicting results and there is no consensus neither on the existence nor on the direction of causality between energy consumption electricity consumption and economic growth as a policy implication to avoid from conflicting and unreliable results the authors may use the autoregressive distributed lags bounds test two regime threshold co integration models panel data approach and multivariate models including new variables such as real gross fixed capital formation labor force carbon dioxide emissions population exchange rates interest rates etc thus the authors should focus more on the new approaches and perspectives rather than by employing usual methods based on a set of common variables for different countries and different intervals of time