co integration analysis of quarterly european tourism demand in tunisia abstract the purpose of this study is to identify the factors that affect the destination choice process in addition to prices and income factors the supply factor is introduced as an explanatory variable in the econometric model co integration analysis and error correction models ecms are used to estimate the long run tourism demand elasticities and to forecast the quarterly european tourism demand for a 1 year ahead horizon the main finding of this study is that the behaviour of european tourists varies from one country to another the co integrating relationships show that the large elasticity magnitude may be the reflection of the relatively expensive services often sought after by tourists from these countries the estimated values of the supply elasticity corroborate the supply induced demand hypothesis finally compared to the basic structural model and using the root mean squared error the ecm provides more precise forecasts

learning your earning are labor income shocks really very persistent in this paper we examine the risk situation facing individuals in the labor market the current consensus in the literature is that the labor income process has a large random walk component we argue two points first the estimates of persistence from income data appear to be upward biased due to the omission of heterogeneity in income pro les across the population that would be implied for example by a human capital model with heterogeneity when we allow for dierences in pro les the estimated persistence falls from 0 99 to about 0 8 moreover the main evidence against pro le heterogeneity in the existing literature that the autocorrelations of income changes are small and typically negative is also replicated by the pro le heterogeneity model we estimate casting doubt on the previous interpretation of this evidence second we embed this process in a life cycle model to examine how it alters individuals consumption saving decision we assume that as seems plausible individuals do not know their pro les exactly at the beginning of life but learn in a bayesian way with successive income observations we nd that learning is very slow and aects consumption decision throughout the life cycle the model generates substantial rise in consumption inequality over the life cycle which matches empirical observations deaton and paxson 1994 moreover the shape of the age inequality pro le is non concave as in the data but unlike in a model with very persistent shocks finally the consumption pro les of college graduates are steeper than those of high school graduates in the model consistent with the data because they face a wider dispersion of and hence uncertainty about income growth rates overall this evidence indicates that income shocks may be signi cantly less persistent than what is currently assumed

time inconsistent preferences and social security revisited in continuous time abstract imrohoroglu et al 2003 prove that it is impossible in a three period partial equilibrium model for social security to improve the welfare of a naive quasi hyperbolic agent if the program has a negative net present value this paper first generalizes their impossibility theorem to a continuous time setting and then proves analytically that no discount function exists that can rationalize a social security program with a negative net present value

the optimal level of social security benefits the optimal level of social security benefits depends on balancing the protection that these benefits offer to those who lack the foresight to provide for their own old age against the welfare costs of distorting economic behavior the primary such cost is the distortion in private saving the present paper derives the level of social security benefits that is optimal in three basic cases in the first section the paper derives the optimal level of benefits for an economy in which all individuals do not anticipate retirement at all and therefore do no saving the second and third sections then derive optimal benefits for two different definitions of incomplete myopia

environmental and ecological economics in the 21st century an age adjusted citation analysis of the influential articles journals authors and institutions we investigate the influence of articles authors journals and institutions in the field of environmental and ecological economics we depart from studies that investigated the literature until 2001 and include a time period that has witnessed an enormous increase of importance in the field we adjust for the age effect given the huge impact of the year of an article s publication on its influence and we show that this adjustment does make a substantial difference especially for disaggregated units of analysis with diverse age characteristics such as articles or authors we analyse 6597 studies on environmental and ecological economics published between 2000 and 2009 we provide rankings of the influential articles authors journals and institutions and find that ecological economics energy economics and the journal of environmental economics and management have the most influential articles they publish very influential authors and their articles are cited most the university of maryland resources for the future the university of east anglia and the world bank appear to be the most influential institutions in the field of environmental and ecological economics

labor supply and the optimality of social security abstract traditional economic theory predicts that an unfunded public pension system can be justified on the basis of its ability to provide intergenerational transfers and also for its ability to provide partial insurance against mortality and labor income risks in this paper i demonstrate that the quantitative importance of these traditional roles depends on how the pension system distorts households labor supply decisions using a general equilibrium life cycle consumption model calibrated to the u s economy i show that these distortions can be large enough to erase much of the traditional welfare gains from social security i also find that this fact is robust within the range of labor supply elasticities usually encountered in the macroeconomic literature

time inconsistent preferences and social security in this paper we examine the role of social security in an economy populated by overlapping generations of individuals with time inconsistent preferences who face mortality risk individual income risk and borrowing constraints we find that unfunded social security lowers the capital stock output and consumption for consumers with time consistent or time inconsistent preferences however it may raise or lower welfare depending on the strength of time inconsistency

tourism terrorism and political violence in tunisia evidence from markov switching models abstract this study investigates the impact of terrorist attacks and political violence on the number of tourist arrivals and overnight stays in tunisia the dataset employed consists of monthly data that covers the period from january 2000 to september 2016 which includes several political and terrorist attacks in tunisia and the region empirically we investigate the true data generating process dgp of these two proxies of tourism activity by accounting for four statistical properties that characterize these series 1 seasonality 2 unit roots 3 breaks and 4 long memory behavior our empirical findings show strong evidence of stationarity five breaks in the tourist arrival time series and spurious long memory behavior by estimating a 3 state markov switching model consisting of the mean trend and variance we find that the tunisian jasmine revolution and two recent terrorist attacks one at the bardo national museum on march 18 2015 and the other at the tourist resort at port el kantaoui sousse on june 26 2015 played an important role in influencing the tourism activity of the country our empirical findings show also that local shocks have a more important impact than international shocks in influencing tourism activity interestingly we find that the effects of terrorist shocks have a long duration compared to political violence shocks several security marketing and economic policies have been proposed and discussed in the paper

trends in rankings of economics departments in the u s an update economics departments in the u s are ranked based on 1 the number of pages published in thirty six economics journals 2 publications in five of the top journals 3 output per faculty member and 4 an index of the concentration of research in a department evidence shows that the top twenty departments have generally retained their positions since the 1970s but rather large changes have occurred in departments ranked from 240 to 100 an economists hall of fame is developed listing the top fifty individual producers of research in the thirty six journal set and the top five journals

energy and depletable resources economics and policy 1973 1998 abstract this paper reviews the impact of the literature in depletable resources and energy economics over the period 1973 1998 particularly the initial period of publication of the journal of environmental economics and management 1974 1998 a discussion of prominent policy issues in this arena is provided along with an indication of what academic economics papers have contributed to that debate this is followed by a citation analysis of contributions in the fields of energy and exhaustible resource economics for each of these two fields a list of the top papers in each five year period from 1974 to 1998 is presented along with a list of the top journals in each decade based on average citations per article the top ten cited articles in the fields in the journal of environmental economics and management are also presented

globalization and its challenges rudi was born and grew up in krefeld germany he was an undergraduate at the university of geneva and completed his ph d at the university of chicago in 1971 which is where we met he was a student of robert mundell and both the subject matter the development of the mundell fleming model and the elegance and insights of his early work reflected mundell s influence he taught at the university of rochester and at the university of chicago before accepting an offer from mit in 1975

tourism demand modelling and forecasting a review of recent research abstract this paper reviews the published studies on tourism demand modelling and forecasting since 2000 one of the key findings of this review is that the methods used in analysing and forecasting the demand for tourism have been more diverse than those identified by other review articles in addition to the most popular time series and econometric models a number of new techniques have emerged in the literature however as far as the forecasting accuracy is concerned the study shows that there is no single model that consistently outperforms other models in all situations furthermore this study identifies some new research directions which include improving the forecasting accuracy through forecast combination integrating both qualitative and quantitative forecasting approaches tourism cycles and seasonality analysis events impact assessment and risk forecasting

life cycle prices and production we use scanner data and time diaries to document how households substitute time for money through shopping and home production we document substantial heterogeneity in prices paid for identical goods for the same area and time with older households shopping the most and paying the lowest prices doubling shopping frequency lowers a good s price by 7 to 10 percent we estimate the shopper s price of time and use this series to estimate an elasticity of substitution between time and goods in home production of roughly 1 8 the observed life cycle time allocation implies a consumption series that differs markedly from expenditures

uncertainty measures for economics journal impact factors academic economists appear to be intensely interested in rankings of journals institutions and individuals yet there is little discussion of the uncertainty associated with these rankings to illustrate the uncertainty associated with citations based rankings i compute the standard error of the impact factor for all economics journals with a five year impact factor in the 2011 journal citations report i use these to derive confidence intervals for the impact factors as well as ranges of possible rank for a subset of thirty journals i find that the impact factors of the top two journals are well defined and set these journals apart in a clearly defined group an elite group of 9 11 mainstream journals can also be fairly reliably distinguished the four bottom ranked journals are also fairly clearly set apart for the remainder of the distribution confidence intervals overlap and rankings are quite uncertain jel a14

a new paradigm for valuing non market goods using referendum data maximum likelihood estimation by censored logistic regression abstract this paper challenges the w m hanemann amer j agr econom 66 332 341 1984 and c sellar j p chavas and j r stoll j environ econom management 13 382 390 1986 utilizations of logit models to estimate the value of non market resources from referendum survey data these data are more informative than conventional choice data the random utility interpretation of logit models is therefore too restrictive bypassing the utility function entirely it will be shown that parameters and standard errors for utility theoretic inverse hicksian demand functions can be extracted directly and much more simply estimated demand functions need not be limited to those corresponding to the linear in parameters utility difference specifications which can be handled by packaged logit programs

the reaction of household consumption to predictable changes in social security taxes the key implication of rational expectations and the basic life cycle permanent income hypothesis that predictable changes in income have no effect on the growth rate of consumption expenditures is examined this implication is important for understanding the effectiveness and optimal timing of fiscal policy the causes and propagation of business cycles and the effects of income fluctuations on the growth rate of the economy using household level consumption data from the consumer expenditure survey whether expenditures on nondurable goods increase contemporaneously with predictable changes in social security tax withholding is tested it is found that households do change their consumption expenditures in response to the predictable fluctuations in income induced by the social security tax system

is it really good to annuitize although rational consumers without bequest motives are better off investing exclusively with annuitized instruments in partial equilibrium we demonstrate the welfare effect of annuitization is ambiguous in general equilibrium on account of pecuniary externalities absent institutional constraints like prices and budgets the optimal consumption rule would have marginal utility increase at the preferential discount rate in a rational competitive equilibrium where households fully annuitize the growth rate of marginal utility will be the discount rate minus the interest rate resulting in a consumption profile that is too flat accidental bequests transfer wealth from the old to the young steepening the consumption profile and yielding a better equilibrium if households are restricted to keynesian consumption functions the optimal irrational equilibrium with standard preferences can replicate observed consumption and macroeconomic behavior and the equilibrium without annuities delivers higher utility than the equilibrium with annuities whereas preceding papers have merely hypothesized that households might engage in socially optimal yet irrational behavior the failure of households to annuitize is a real world example of this policymakers should not take steps to encourage more annuitization by the public

saving and liquidity constraints this paper is concerned with the theory of saving when consumers are not permitted to borrow and with the ability of such a theory to account for some of the stylized facts of saving behavior the models presented in the paper seem to account for important aspects of reality that are not explained by traditional life cycle models copyright 1991 by the econometric society

trends in natural resource economics in jeem 1974 1997 breakpoint and nonparametric analysis abstract the purpose of this paper is to identify trends in natural resource economics as reflected in publications in jeem over the period since its inception in 1974 a secondary purpose is to suggest an explanation for any patterns we observe in the data the data base consists of all articles published during this period classified by topic and method we apply statistical techniques of increasing sophistication to determine the existence of trends and interpret the results by appealing to what we characterize as forces of demand and supply

reconsidering heterogeneity and aggregation issues in environmental valuation a multi attribute approach the economic valuation of complex environmental goods composed of multiple attributes is an expanding field of research in ecological and environmental economics however several issues are still subjects of debate this paper focuses on three of them the linearity of the valuation function in the attributes aggregation criteria for obtaining social values and the heterogeneity of individuals utility functions a methodological approach based on multi attribute utility theory which enables us to contrast the impact of these concerns on the valuation of environmental goods is proposed we employ the methodology to value a protected natural area and from the results obtained we can conclude that the non linearity and the heterogeneity of the individual utility function are relevant aspects of environmental valuation that need to be taken into account when valuing environmental goods

choices without prices without apologies valuing is usually regarded as a process of compressing information about attributes into a single metric armed with this reduced form of compact information the consumer can consider a particular object with a particular price attached or implied and make an informed decision but the process of valuing is less straightforward than we ordinarily suppose when environmental goods and services become the object of information compaction it is possible that important information is lost we comment on the choice problem germane to environmental goods and services and challenge the presumption that environmental choices made without explicit pricing are inferior to those in which hypothetical valuation studies are undertaken

revealed performances worldwide rankings of economists and economics departments 1990 2000 in this paper i study the production of academic research by economics departments and economists worldwide rankings are provided based on both citations and publications these rankings reveal a dominant position of the united states in the production of economics literature over time however the extent of this dominance is decreasing jel a10 a14

limited information capacity as a source of inertia abstract we derive optimal time dependent adjustment rules from shannon s 1948 information theory in a continuous time lq prediction problem with a costly rate of information acquisition processing the optimal prediction evolves smoothly but jumps at an optimally chosen frequency when fresh information accrues a more volatile and persistent target raises the information rate required to maintain a sampling frequency this cost effect moderates and may even reverse the benefit effect on the value of information so optimal inertia is unresponsive to and nonmonotonic in the predictability of the environment conventional models with a fixed cost per observation imply no such cost effect so inertia rises quickly in the predictability of the environment

humps and bumps in lifetime consumption in this article we argue that the life cycle model that allows demographics to affect household preferences and relaxes the assumption of certainty equivalence can generate hump shaped consumption profiles over age that are very similar to those observed in household level data sources and in particular match the differences in shape across different education groups liquidity constraints or myopia are not required to explain the empirical features of observed life cycle patterns

the relative impacts of economics journals 1970 1990 our data collection and database assembly efforts were assisted by john p sophocleus mark gwartney michele butler and scott ralston we received extremely valuable computer programming assistance from jon brunson and edward novak constructive comments were receivedfrom two anonymous reviewers financial supportfrom the faculty development committee at salisbury state university is gratefully acknowledged

the economics of organization the transaction cost approach the transaction cost approach to the study of economic organization regards the transaction as the basic unit of analysis and holds that an understanding of transaction cost economizing is central to the study of organizations applications of this approach require that transactions be dimensionalized and that alternative governance structures be described economizing is accomplished by assigning transactions to governance structures in a discriminating way the approach applies both to the determination of efficient boundaries as between firms and markets and to the organization of internal transactions including the design of employment relations the approach is compared and contrasted with selected parts of the organization theory literature

a leisurely reading of the life cycle consumption data abstract a puzzle in consumption theory is the observation of a hump in age consumption profiles this paper studies a general equilibrium life cycle economy with capital in which households include both consumption and leisure in their period utility function a calibrated version of the model shows that a significant hump in life cycle consumption is a feature of the equilibrium thus inclusion of leisure in household preferences may provide part of the explanation of observed life cycle consumption humps

the second generation of ecological economics how far has the apple fallen from the tree this paper examines the discourse produced in the academic journal ecological economics from its inception in 1989 and compares this discourse with that of the field of environmental economics i used methods for discourse analysis alceste and iramuteq on 6308 abstracts of papers published in four journals namely ecological economics the journal of environmental economics and management environmental values and environmental and resource economics published between 1989 and 2013 the results suggest that the discourses of ecological economics and environmental economics have grown closer over time the semantic classification of co occurrent terms used in ecological economics indicates increasing significance of the notions of ecosystem services and of monetary valuation i argue that this trend is parallel to costanza s career path which suggests the rise of a tacit recognition of the new environmental pragmatic scientific approach i conclude with some of the implications for ee of promoting this kind of discourse to such an extent

short term planning and the life cycle consumption puzzle abstract we develop a new life cycle consumption model where the individual has a short planning horizon standard life cycle consumers with perfect foresight and hand to mouth consumers are both special limiting cases of our model where the length of the planning horizon is set to the entire lifetime and zero respectively we derive an analytical solution to the time inconsistent short term planning problem which reveals the inner workings of the model and facilitates its use in other settings we also show that the short term planning mechanism is powerful enough to generate a consumption hump with the right size and location

consumption and time use over the life cycle we incorporate home production in a dynamic general equilibrium model of consumption and savings with illiquid housing and a collateralized borrowing constraint the calibrated model explains life cycle patterns of households time use and consumption of different categories documented from the microdata it predicts that the interaction of the labor efficiency profile and the home production technology explains households time use the resulting income profiles the endogenous borrowing constraint and home production account for the initial hump in consumption the complementarity of home hours home input and housing in home production drives the consumption profiles later in the life cycle

optimal irrational behavior abstract contrary to the usual presumption that welfare in markets is maximized if consumers behave rationally we show in a two period overlapping generations model that there always exists an irrational consumption rule that can weakly improve upon the lifecycle permanent income rule in general equilibrium the market clearing mechanism introduces a pecuniary externality that individual rational households do not consider when making decisions but a publically shared rule of thumb can exploit for typical calibrations the improvement of the welfare of irrational households is robust to the introduction of rational agents although transitions to the optimal irrational steady state are not pareto improving transitions do exist that will improve a pareto social welfare function with a sufficiently small generational discount rate generalizing to a more realistic lifecycle model we find that the save more tomorrow smart plan if properly parameterized can confer higher lifetime utility than the permanent income rule

is the journal ecological economics really in itself a poor and misleading guide to what ecological economics is about a reply to influencing the perception of what and who is important in ecological economics

environmental and ecological economics a citation analysis this study looks at two distinct questions dwhat have been the most influential journal articles in environmental economics and ecological economics over the 10 year period 1994 2003 t and dhow much overlap is there between the fields of environmental and ecological economics t we examine the references in all articles published in jeem and ecological economics ee over this period for each of these two fields a list of the top articles and top journals cited by articles published in jeem and ee is presented we also present some results based on our study of the isi journal citation reports we find that there is a significant overlap between the two fields at the journal level the two journals cite similar journals there is a correlation of 0 34 between the number of citations received by the journals that are most cited and the correlation is even higher if journal self citation is excluded the main differences are that ecological economics tends to cite but not be cited by general natural science journals more often than environmental economics does environmental economics cites more heavily from journals rather than other publications and citations in environmental economics are more concentrated on particular journals and individual publications however there is much less similarity at the level of individual articles nonmarket valuation articles dominate the most cited articles in jeem while green accounting sustainability and the environmental kuznets curve are all prominent topics in ee d 2005 elsevier b v all rights reserved

research trends in environmental and resource economics insights from four decades of jeem abstract this paper provides a contemporary analysis of how research issues have developed in the journal of environmental economics and management jeem over the four decades of its existence we have classified the articles in the journal along five dimensions content methods environmental media the regional dimension of studies and cross cutting issues while up to about 10 years ago non market valuation and cost benefit analysis natural resource economics and environmental policy instruments represented the lion s share of articles published in the journal more recently we observe a significant shift towards a more diversified array of research areas with climate change and energy issues finding their way into the journal in addition increasing methodological plurality becomes apparent reflected in a significant shift away from economic theory and towards empirical approaches we also analyze key distinctions between the major environmental economics journals finally we analyze jeem s external influence on leading general economics a journals we find that a citations are positively correlated with a focus on climate change economics market based environmental policies and policy comparisons the use of econometric and statistical methods or experimental approaches and negatively correlated with a focus on water pollution and other pollutants such as pesticides

bounded rationality lifecycle consumption and social security abstract this paper explores an overlapping generations model of bounded rationality in which consumers only foresee the future over a subset of their life span we focus in particular on whether the model can in general equilibrium produce a hump shaped lifecycle consumption profile with a peak that matches data for the average u s consumer for a simple four period model we show that an increasing income profile along with exogenously imposed retirement are sufficient to induce a hump with no other mechanism that can account for a hump besides bounded rationality the model best fits the salient features of consumption data with a planning horizon of 20 years which is well supported by the behavioral evidence found in surveys on retirement planning finally we show that the age of the consumption peak is robust to the introduction of social security mortality risk and another species of bounded rationality quasihyperbolic discounting moreover social security can be welfare improving with a short planning horizon we can calibrate the model to jointly explain the timing of the consumption hump and the optimality of the current social security system with quasihyperbolic discounting instead we can calibrate the model so the current social security system is optimal but we cannot also account for the timing of the consumption hump if we add quasihyperbolic discounting in addition to a short planning horizon the present bias has a negligible effect in equilibrium

is the environmental kuznets curve for deforestation a threatened theory a meta analysis of the literature abstract although widely studied deforestation remains a common research topic the relationship between economic development and deforestation is still in question this paper presents a meta analysis of environmental kuznets curve ekc studies for deforestation using 69 studies offering 547 estimations we shed light on why ekc results differ we investigate the incidence of choices made by authors such as econometric strategy measure of deforestation geographical area and presence of control variables on the probability of finding an ekc after a phase of work corroborating the ekc we find a turning point after the year 2001 building on our results we conclude that the ekc story will not fade until theoretical alternatives are provided

what accounts for the variation in retirement wealth among u s households even among households with similar socioeconomic characteristics saving and wealth vary considerably life cycle models attribute this variation to differences in time preference rates risk tolerance exposure to uncertainty relative tastes for work and leisure at advanced ages and income replacement rates these factors have testable implications concerning the relation between accumulated wealth and the shape of the consumption profile using the panel study of income dynamics and the consumer expenditure survey we find little support for these implications the data are instead consistent with rule of thumb mental accounting or hyperbolic discounting theories of wealth accumulation jel di d91 e21

the response of household consumption to income tax refunds a central implication of the life cycle or permanent income theory is that consumption should not respond to predictable fluctuations in income tests of this implication have yielded mixed results especially on micro data angus deaton 1992 martin browning and annamaria lusardi 1996 in large part this might be due to the difficulties of isolating the predictable component of income at the micro level most tests proceed by instrumenting for income but since the available instruments are typically poor such tests might be prejudiced against finding significant excess sensitivity of consumption to income john shea 1995 also it is not clear how closely the resulting econometric predictions of income coincide with agents actual expectations of income to avoid these difficulties this paper examines the response of household consumption to a particular type of income that is both predictable and transitory income tax refunds since a refund depends on events in the previous calendar year it is predictable income as regards consumption in the year of its receipt consequently under the life cycle theory consumption should not increase on receipt of a refund 2 in addition to testing the canonical model of consumption this paper provides estimates interpretable as the marginal propensity to consume mpc out of refunds since federal tax refunds now amount to over 80 billion per year averaging well over 1 000 per refund these estimates are of interest in themselves more generally they bear on the impact of even preannounced and temporary changes in fiscal policy the paper begins by surveying related studies in section i section ii describes the data the consumer expenditure survey cex which of the leading u s micro data sets has the most comprehensive coverage of expenditure the empirical specification is set out in section hi section iv reports the results and section v concludes

life cycle economies and aggregate fluctuations do the implications for business cycle issues change when we switch from studying infinitely lived representative agent models to more sophisticated demographic structures with finitely lived agents this article addresses that question by using a large overlapping generations model that is calibrated to u s demographic properties microeconomic evidence and national income and product accounts the finding is that the answers obtained are basically the same for the two kinds of models the article also explores the relative volatility of hours across age groups an issue that cannot be addressed by using the infinitely lived representative agent abstraction

influencing the perception of what and who is important in ecological economics abstract in a recent article using citation analysis hoepner et al 2012 make strong claims to have identified the most influential works authors journals and institutions in a hypothetical field they call environmental and ecological economics this paper shows that their work is biased by its framing far from the non subjective approach they claim and highly sensitive to minor data errors more than this the exercise can be seen as another example of how ecological economics is susceptible to suppression by a dominant mainstream economic perspective which attempts to override belittle and dismiss a whole range of alternative thought including that which is heterodox interdisciplinary from the natural sciences and based in the non economic social sciences ecological economics is not the same as agricultural resource or environmental economics and if it were it would be pointless neither can it be understood or treated as a subfield of resource and environmental economics as done by hoepner et al 2012 i argue that the study promotes a limited perspective on social environmental and economic problems that includes an implicit political and ideological framing what is most influential important or high quality in ecological economics is certainly not defined by such work

bridging theories on environmental governance insights from free market approaches and institutional ecological economics perspectives abstract due to methodological problems and their practical limitations the criticism of neoclassical environmental economics is increasing the goal of this paper is to stress the differences and similarities between the two competing alternative approaches institutional ecological economics and free market approaches to environmental protection to encourage their interactions towards a possible synthesis in the future

implications of rational inattention abstract a constraint that actions can depend on observations only through a communication channel with finite shannon capacity is shown to be able to play a role very similar to that of a signal extraction problem or an adjustment cost in standard control problems the resulting theory looks enough like familiar dynamic rational expectations theories to suggest that it might be useful and practical while the implications for policy are different enough to be interesting

influential publications in ecological economics revisited we revisit the analysis of costanza et al 2004 ecological economics of influential publications in ecological economics to discover what has changed a decade on we examine which sources have been influential on the field of ecological economics in the past decade which articles in the journal ecological economics have had the most influence on the field and on the rest of science and on which areas of science the journal is having the most influence we find that the field has matured over this period with articles published in the journal having a greater influence than before an increase in citation links to environmental studies journals a reduction in citation links to mainstream economics journals and possibly a shift in themes to a more applied and empirical direction