Compound: Daminozide
SMILES: O=C(O)CCC(=O)NN(C)C
InChIKey: NOQGZXFMHARMLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Synonyms: Daminozide, 1596-84-5, Aminozide, Kylar, ALAR, DMASA, Dimas, Succinic acid 2,2-dimethylhydrazide, SADH, B-Nine, N-(Dimethylamino)succinamic acid, DYaK, Butanedioic acid, mono(2,2-dimethylhydrazide), Alar 85, Aminozid, Dimethylaminosuccinamic acid, 4-(2,2-dimethylhydrazinyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid, B 995, Succinic N',N'-dimethylhydrazide, Succinic acid, mono(2,2-dimethylhydrazide), Butanedioic acid mono(2,2-dimethylhydrazide), Succinic 1,1-dimethyl hydrazide, 3-(N',N'-dimethylhydrazinecarbonyl)propanoic acid, NCI-C03827, Succinic acid N,N-dimethylhydrazide, F6KF33M5UB, SUCCINIC ACID, 2,2-DIMETHYLHYDRAZIDE, N-Dimethylamino-succinamidsaeure, DTXSID9020370, Bernsteinsaeure-2,2-dimethylhydrazid, 4-(2,2-dimethylhydrazino)-4-oxo-butanoic acid, DTXCID70370, B-995, succinic acid, 2,2-dimethyl hydrazide, RefChem:130843, N-DIMETHYL AMINO-BETA-CARBAMYL PROPIONIC ACID, 216-485-9, MFCD00002787, CHEMBL2164243, Butanedioic acid, 1-(2,2-dimethylhydrazide), 4-(2,2-Dimethylhydrazino)-4-oxobutanoic acid, Caswell No. 808, Dazide, Daminozide [ISO], CCRIS 191, CAS-1596-84-5, Daminozide [ANSI:BSI:ISO], 3-[N-(dimethylamino)carbamoyl]propanoic acid, HSDB 1769, EINECS 216-485-9, UNII-F6KF33M5UB, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 035101, BRN 1863230, N-Dimethylamino-succinamidsaeure [German], N-Dimethylamino-beta-carbamylpropionic acid, AI3-50727, Bernsteinsaeure-2,2-dimethylhydrazid [German], 2,2-Dimethylhydrazid kyseliny jantarove [Czech], Daminozide (Standard), 2,2-Dimethylhydrazid kyseliny jantarove, DAMINOZIDE [MI], 1-(2,2-Dimethylhydrazide)butanedioic acid, DAMINOZIDE [HSDB], SCHEMBL50347, MLS006012018, CHEBI:4312, GTPL7025, orb1303852, GLXC-05942, HMS3426I11, MSK26007, STR04971, Tox21_202199, Tox21_300919, BDBM50395076, CCG-55990, EBC-13641, HB1404, HY-13643R, s4800, SBB057747, Succinic Acid, N,N-dimethylhydrazide, AKOS005208038, CS-1288, FD33787, NCGC00091281-01, NCGC00091281-02, NCGC00091281-03, NCGC00091281-04, NCGC00091281-05, NCGC00091281-07, NCGC00254822-01, NCGC00259748-01, DA-72547, HY-13643, SMR000777919, SY066325, Succinic acid, mono-2,2-dimethylhydrazine, 2,2-DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE SUCCINIC ACID, Succinic acid mono-(2,2-dimethylhydrazide), D4015, NS00009842, ST50308567, Daminozide, PESTANAL(R), analytical standard, butanedioic acid, mono (2,2-dimethylhydrazide), H10499, EN300-4290280, 4-(2,2-Dimethylhydrazino)-4-oxobutanoic acid #, Q424372, 4-(2,2-Dimethylhydrazin-1-yl)-4-oxobutanoic acid, SR-01000644985-1, Z1255457389
Theoretical properties:
molecular_formula: C6H12N2O3
molecular_weight: 160.17 g/mol
exact_mass: 160.08479225 g/mol
formal_charge: 0
hydrogen_bond_donor_count: 2
hydrogen_bond_acceptor_count: 4
rotatable_bond_count: 4
heavy_atom_count: 11
topological_polar_surface_area: 69.6 Å²
isotope_atom_count: 0
covalently_bonded_unit_count: 1
Physical properties:
physical_state: WHITE CRYSTALLINE SOLID
color: WHITE CRYSTALLINE SOLID
odor: Faint amine like odor
melting_point: 309 to 311 °F (NTP, 1992)
solubility: 1 to 10 mg/mL at 75 °F (NTP, 1992)
vapor_pressure: less than 0.0000750 mmHg at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)
Descriptions:
pubchem: Daminozide can cause cancer according to The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
chembl: Unnamed Compound is a small molecule listed in the ChEMBL database but has not progressed to an approved clinical phase.
wikipedia: Daminozide, also known as aminozide, Alar, Kylar, SADH, B-995, B-nine, and DMASA, is an organic compound which acts as a plant growth regulator. It was produced in the U.S. by the Uniroyal Chemical Company, Inc., (now integrated into the Chemtura Corporation), which registered daminozide for use on fruits intended for human consumption in 1963. It was primarily used on apples until 1989, when the manufacturer voluntarily withdrew it after the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency proposed banning it based on concerns about cancer risks to consumers. In addition to apples and ornamental plants, Uniroyal also registered daminozide for use on cherries, peaches, pears, Concord grapes, tomato transplants, and peanut vines. 
When used on fruit trees, daminozide affects flower bud initiation, fruit maturity, fruit firmness and coloring, preharvest drop and market quality of fruit at time of harvest and during storage. When consumed by mammals, daminozide is catabolised into succinic acid (a non-toxic general intermediate in primary metabolism) and 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH, a compound with a history of studies associating it with carcinogenic activity in animal models relevant to humans). Breakdown into these two compounds also occurs when the sprayed chemical residue remains on stored fruit, especially with higher temperatures and over longer time periods. 
In 1989, the EPA outlawed daminozide on U.S. food crops, but still allowed it for non-food crops like ornamental plants. As of August 2022, daminozide appeared as severely restricted in its exports on the list of pesticides whose shipments were ineligible for export credit insurance under the Export–Import Bank of the United States.