How does the CIMI compare the outcomes of immigrants to the Canadian-born population?
The CIMI compares immigrants to the Canadian-born population in two ways:
by looking at various outcomes related to economic, social, civic and democratic participation, and health integration, while adjusting for socio-demographic differences* that allow for more equal comparisons across geographies; and
through the use of descriptive/unadjusted data (without controlling for socio-demographics) to demonstrate differences between immigrants and non-immigrants per indicator, offering snapshots of integration trends at specific points in time.
* The consistent use of control variables across CIMI models ensures an “apples to apples” comparison of immigrant outcomes across geographies. CIMI socio-demographic control variables include sex, age, knowledge of official languages, education, visible minority status, and occupation. Self-perceived physical and mental health are exceptional controls added to the health dimension model due to their relevance and added value when measuring an individual’s evaluation of their own health.