Who Is Eligible for Social Security Benefits?
Retired Workers. You become eligible for Social Security by working in a Social Security covered job for at least 10 years in order to reach your needed 40 credits. If you earn 4 credits each year for 10 years, you accumulate the 40 credits necessary to be fully insured and achieve basic eligibility.
Spouses. If you are a spouse of a retired worker, you may qualify for spousal benefits now or in the future. If you are divorced, you may also qualify for benefits if certain conditions are met.
Survivors. If you are the widow or widower of a retired worker, you are probably eligible for Social Security survivor benefits.