If my roommate moved out and left furniture for over a year now says that he will come get it but I already moved so got rid of it, can he take me to small claims court?
Yes, he can take you to court in the sense that it is almost impossible to stop someone from filing a lawsuit, especially a small claims action, against you. However, you should have a good chance of winning: if he moved out and left his belongings behind for a year, it is reasonable to conclude that they were abandoned; and if they were abandnoned, you could throw them out. Based on these facts, you may well be able to convince a court that he abandoned his belongings, because he did not do anything about them for a year or more.