Tazɣent tasentalant d tarrayt n tseleḍt n tsekla i yebnan ɣef tmidrant-agi n usentel id yesnulfa Gaston Bachelard (1884-1962),ɣur-s tira d annar n usnulfu anda amaru ad yefk tugna tagejdant n udlis.Ger yimusnawen id yebder: Jean -Pierre Richerd,Poulet et s tarobinnsky,Jean Paul Weber.15 2. Tabadut n usentel: