Umsed… deg useggas n 1918 i tlul Faḍma Ibelεiden ass n 7 deg ɣuct,…tezwzğ tesεa-d sin warrac. Deg 1955 i tekcem deg tegrawla ɣer tama n yimjahden (ALN) … deg useggas n 1958, tuɣal d nettat i d aɣella n nniḍam, alami i tettwaṭṭef deg wayyur n Tuber 1959 deg yiḍ sɣur sin n yirumyen i tt-yeṭṭfen deg tadda. Iserdasen n Fransa, kkes-d dacu ur as-xdimen akken ad tezzenz atmaten-is, swan-as aman ṣṣabun, fkan-tt i yiḍan d tamuddurt. Mi iyugi ad yeldi yimi-s ɣef lbaḍna n tegrawla, yekker uεdaw iεella-tt deg tmesrifegt, iḍegger-itt-id syinn-a alami temlal d lqaεa, deg tama n Leεzib n ccix deg wayyur n 1959…