Ger wid i iqedcen ɣef waya ad d-naf J.DUBOIS d wiyad (2002 :281)i d-yennan d akken « Tasnawalt d tazrawt n umawal ,n unsirem n tutlayt deg wassaɣen-nsent d yisuddas nniden n tutlayt ,imesnisl ladɣa ansedda,akken daɣen iferdisen inmettiyen ,idelsanen , ,imesnimanen , tasawalt tettwafham am tezrawt tussnant d tɣessa n umawlal akked yiccig » « Taseknawalt d tatwilt n lebni n yisegzawalen akked d tesleḍt n tetwilt-a »8 4- Awal :