1.1. Tasnalɣa: Deg tazwara nemmeslay-d ɣef kra n tbadutin am : umawal, tasnalɣa d tesnawalt, s yin akkin ad d-nemmeslay ɣef uẓar d tarrayin n usileɣ-ines, tiskkiwin d kra n uguren i dnettemlili deg usufeɣ-ines, ad d-nawi awal ɣef yisem d ticeraḍ tigejdanin-ines, akken daɣen ad dnemmeslay ɣef usileɣ umawal deg tmaziɣt (asuddem, asuddes d ureṭṭal).