Deg tnekra n tuber 1988, d tin i d-yellan di Lezzayer sseba-ines d liḥala n tudert n yemdanen yettidiren deg lemḥayen, acku tamɛict txuss, axeddim ulac, tadamsa i d-yellan deg ubrid n uɣelluy, tebda-d d tamesbanit  deg tlemmast n lezzayer tuɣal tuɣ amkan wessiɛen tedda akk ɣer temdinin-nniḍen.