Tafransist almi d-yewwi taragt, deg useggas n 1994 yuɣal ɣer Inalco, yexdem agerdas n tɣuri lqayen (DEA) ɣef umawal n Teqbaylit. Syin yerna yekfa dductura deg useggas n 2003, ddaw tmehla n Salem Chaker, yefka-as azwel