Deg uḥric-a ad naɛreḍ ad d-nawi awal ɣef umezruy n tira n tmaziɣ, syin ɣef tira tumrist , nebder-d taggayin n tira ; tira tumrist ,tira tamsislant ,tira tasnislant; syen nmesla-d ɣef umezruy n tira n tumrit , nwid awal ɣef useqdec n ugemmay n tmaziɣt,d yigemmayen yettusemrasen i tira n tmaziɣt ;agemmay tfinaɣ, agemmay n taɛrabt, agemmay alaṭini , newwi-d awal ɣef udlis n yilugan n tira (2005akked2009) n Bgayet sumata ,syin nmesla-d yilugan n tira ;tussada ,tizdit d temsertit.