Ma d tasnimeslit ɣer David Zemmour d tusna id-yelhan d imesliyen yettdmen uettaččaren yiwet n twuri ibanen deg tutlayt. Talalit n ugemmum-a (discipline) turez ɣer yeẓrimsuk swayes yetwaḥsab Saussur d amezwaru.(1) ɣer F.de.Saussure ur telli ara ḥaca d taneḍfart tamaruzt ur teddezi kra ala asiwel.(2) Tzerrew imesla ɛla ḥsab n truri akked twuri-nsen. D taneḍfart tazrayant d tamaynut ef temsislit. Tlul-d deg ynadiyen i xedmen deg Prague d