Awalskopos yemmal-d iswi, agettu. Tiẓri-agi tettwaseqdec deg tussna n tsuqilt akken ad d-tessebgen tiẓri n ulmad deg Lalman, sɣur Hans Vermeer deg taggara n yiseggasen n 1970. Tiẓri n skopos tettwaru deg yiwen n lqaleb pistimologique akked tiẓri n tigawt n tsuqilt, s unamek-a tiẓri-agi tettressi uqbel kullec ɣef yiḍrisen d twuri-nsen deg yidles n yiswi. Skopos-a, yezmer ad yili d amsari neɣ yemgarad gar snat n tutlayin yettwarzen.