Michel Bral deg useggas 1897 yewwi-d ɣef tgetnamka i wakken ad d-ibeggen amek i ttnernayen yinumak n wawalen deg tutlayt, tettili-d mi ara yili wawal yettwasexdem s waṭas n yinumak yella wassaɣ gar-asen, d umsil yesɛan tuget n yinumak yettebeddil unamek-is ɛlaḥsab n usatal, awal tagetnamka d-yessisen yes-s tuget n yinumak i tela tayunt tasnilsant neɣ s wawalnniḍen, teɛna daɣen asnerni n unamek n tayunt i d-yettilin gar snat n talliyin deg tegrallit diachronie neɣ deg yiwet n tallit taynallit  synchronie.