Tiẓri n Meyrs Scotten, taneggarut-agi :  teffehm-d asebɣes akked yilugan i dibanen tamlelit n tutlayin-a, teṭṭef tasnafsit n tmetti  socio-psychologique  i kra n yimdanen yettidiren deg yiwen umkan cerken aṭas n wansayen am wid id yessebgen tutlayin i yellan deg yiwen umkan amettan  social Benyousri,2016.p 24.