Awal n tesnazmult yettwasbadu-d deg unekmer amenzu, am wakken d tiẓri neɣ d tussna n uzmul. Tasnazmult neɣ (smiologie) s tefransist d awal uddis gar (smio/logie) ɣer yegrigiyen (smion) yesɛa anamek n uzmul ma d (logia) yesɛa anamek n teẓri. Awal-a yettuɣal alamma d tallit n teglest ɣer yegrigiyen, anda tuɣ semrasen-tt am wakken d taɣult n tujya (discipline medical) deg-s suqqulen-d aṭanen yemxalafen ilmend n limarat-nsen. Ma deg taɣult n tfelsafit, tamukrist n uzmul tban-d di lɣarb n Urrupa d Marican ugafa. John Locke (1632-1704) d netta i d amenzu i yesmarsen awal n teẓrizmult s unamek n tmusni n uzmul, ilmend n wazal i yesɛa deg usefhem n wassaɣ n umdan d umaḍal.1 1-1- Tasnazmult