I.2.1- Azar n yimceddalen: Ɣas akken drus n leqdicat inmezrayen i yettwaxedmen ɣef yemceddalen, nufa ayen i d-yejmeɛ R. Bellil deg udlis-is seg inadiyen n yimeskaren-nniḍen, gar-asen Ben xeldun i yebḍan imaziɣen n lezzayer ɣef tlata n teqbilin timeqranin: Ikutamiyen deg usammar, Isenhaǧiyen deg umalu akked 12