Deg tigzi timawit aṭas n yimeskar yemxallafen sexṣaren taɣara n temesliwt n yinelmaden. Deg umagrad yura Goh1 deg 2000, yemmeslay-d ɣef uguren i d-ttmlilin inelmaden igliziyen i ɣef yexdem tazrawt-is. Bḍan wuguren-a ɣef 3 n yiqulab n tiram n tigzi timawit i d yefka Anderson 1995. Deg tesleḍt yexdem Goh ɣef usagem i yefren, igemmaḍ-is mmalent-d belli uguren n tmesliwt cudden ɣer umuɣ n yimskar imatuten, yebna tiktiwin-is ɣef yixeddimen n yimnuda-a; Tinker,1980: Boyle,1984; Flowerdrew d Milker,1992, wiyyaḍ d uzzigen.