Akken i t-id yessbadu umaru (R.) Escarpit deg udlis-ines: adlis aseklan d tamiḍrant tuddist d aẓeṭṭa n wawalen yedduklen deg usentel ɣef i d-yettawi, d amṣeḍfer n tefyar d tseddarin ilmend n wassaɣen (ama n tjerrumt, ama n unamek, neɣ n tmenna) i zemren ad ilin gar-asent.Aḍris aseklan d ccbaḥa n wawalen d tenfalit (s ṣṣdad d unya 1 Tennulfa-d tlugemt di 1440, d Gutenberg i tt- id- yesnulfan.Tettunaḥsab tlugemt d tagrawla deg umezruy n talsa acku seg wasmi I tella tuɣal tusna tettnarni s tɣawla. D ayen i d- yeglan s ubeddel n tedmi n umdan s timadis.