Gar yinagmayen-agi ad d-nebder A. BOUNFOUR, i d-yefkan di tezrawt-ines yiwet n tkannit gar tegnatin n usevru di tmedyazt tamensayt d tegnatin n usevru di tmedyazt tatrart, yeawev ibeggen-d belli:  Tamedyazt tatrart tesa tignatin-ines n usevru i d as-d-tefka tmetti tamirant alada di tawilat yesan assa s annar n usnulfu, d usiwev-ines s amseflid, d tulsa d usexzen-inesAmedyaz ikseb-d tilleli-s, ur yelli d amedyaz n teqbilt ne d amedyaz n udrum (3). Gar tawilat-agi n usevru imaynuten i d as-yefkan i uvris udyiz udem atrar, ad d-nebder tawilat n (1) BAUMGARDT, DERIVE, Literatures orales africaines, perspectives thoriques et mthodologique,s karthala ,paris, 2008.