A pesticide is a substance or a mixture of substances used for killing pests: organisms dangerous to cultivated plants or to animals.
Pestisida adalah zat atau campuran zat yang digunakan untuk membunuh hama, organisme yang merugikan tanaman pertanian dan hewan ternak.
The term applies to various pesticides such as insecticides, fungicides, herbicides and nematocides.
Istilah ini berlaku pada berbagai pestisida yang spesifik seperti insektisida, herbisida, nematisida, algasida, fungisida, dan rodentisida.
Most of these were abandoned because they were highly toxic and ineffective.
Kesemuanya lalu ditinggalkan karena terbukti sangat beracun dan tidak efektif.
The growth in these pesticides accelerated in late 1940s after Paul Müller discovered DDT in 1939.
Pertumbuhan pestisida generasi kedua terpacu pada akhir tahun 1940an setelah Paul Müller menemukan DDT pada tahun 1939.
The effects of pesticides such as aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, chlordane, parathion, captan and 2,4-D were also found at this time.
Efek dari berbagai senyawa seperti aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, chlordane, parathion, captan dan 2,4-D juga ditemukan pada saat itu dan mulai digunakan sebagai pestisida.
Each country adopts their own agricultural policies and Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) and Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI).
Setiap negara memiliki kebijakan pertanian masing-masing mengenai batas residu maksimum dan asupan harian yang dapat diterima.
The level of food additive usage varies by country because forms of agriculture are different in regions according to their geographical or climatical factors.
Kadar bahan kimia pangan yang diizinkan bervariasi di setiap negara karena bentuk pertanian berbeda-beda tergantung pada wilayah dan kondisi iklim dan geografi.
Some countries use the International Maximum Residue Limits -Codex Alimentarius to define the residue limits; this was established by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO) in 1963 to develop international food standards, guidelines codes of practices, and recommendation for food safety.
Beberapa negara mengadopsi batas residu maksimum internasional yang dikeluarkan oleh FAO dan WHO pada tahun 1963 mengenai pengembangan standar pangan internasional, kode panduan penerapan, dan rekomendasi untuk keamanan pangan.
Food Standards Australia New Zealand develops the standards for levels of pesticide residues in foods through a consultation process.
Food Standards Australia New Zealand mengembangkan standar untuk kadar residu pestisida pada makanan melalui proses konsultasi.
The New Zealand Food Safety Authority publishes the maximum limits of pesticide residues for foods produced in New Zealand.
New Zealand Food Safety Authority memublikasikan batas maksimum residu pestisida untuk bahan pangan yang diproduksi di Selandia Baru.
Monitoring of pesticide residues in the UK began in the 1950s.
Pemantauan residu pestisida dimulai di Inggris pada tahun 1950an.
From 1977 to 2000 the work was carried out by the Working Party on Pesticide Residues (WPPR), until in 2000 the work was taken over by the Pesticide Residue Committee (PRC).
Sejak tahun 1977 hingga tahun 2000, pekerjaan tersebut dilakukan oleh Working Party on Pesticide Residues (WPPR), dan pada tahun 2000 tugas tersebut diambil alih oleh Pesticide Residue Committee (PRC).
In the US, tolerances for the amount of pesticide residue that may remain on food are set by the EPA, and measures are taken to keep pesticide residues below the tolerances.
Di Amerika Serikat, kadar toleransi untuk sejumlah residu pestisida yang terdapat pada makanan ditetapkan oleh EPA, dan tindakan dilakukan untuk menjaga residu pestisida tetap berada di bawah nilai toleransi.
In the US, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and USDA also routinely check food for the actual levels of pesticide residues.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) dan USDA juga secara rutin memeriksa kadar aktual residu pestisida dalam makanan.
In Japan, pesticide residues are regulated by the Food Safety Act.
Di Jepang, residu pestisida diatur dalam Akta Keamanan Pangan.
In China, the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Agriculture have jointly established mechanisms and working procedures relating to maximum residue limit standards, while updating them continuously, according to the food safety law and regulations issued by the State Council.
Di China, Kementerian Kesehatan dan Kementerian Pertanian China bekerja sama membangun mekanisme dan prosedur kerja terkait standar batas residu maksimum, diperbarui secara berkala, berdasarkan Hukum Keamanan Pangan dan peraturan yang dikeluarkan oleh Konsulat.
In August 1994, a serious incident of pesticide poisoning of sweet potato crops occurred in Shandong province, China.
Di bulan Agustus 1994, sebuah kejadian serius mengenai keracunan pestisida pada tanaman ubi terjadi di provinsi Shandong, China.
Because local farmers were not fully educated in the use of insecticides, they used the highly-toxic pesticide named parathion instead of trichlorphon.
Petani setempat tidak terdidik secara penuh mengenai penggunaan insektisida, sehingga mereka menggunakan pestisida yang sangat beracun parathion, ketika seharusnya mereka menggunakan trichlorphon.
It resulted in over 300 cases of poisoning and 3 deaths.
Kejadian ini menyebabkan 300 gejala keracunan dengan 3 korban jiwa.
Also, there was a case where a large number of students were poisoned and 23 of them were hospitalized because of vegetables that contained excessive pesticide residues.
Juga terdapat sejumlah kasus siswa keracunan dan 23 orang di antaranya dibawa ke rumah sakit karena saturan yang mereka konsumsi mengandung residu pestisida.
Due to similarities in brain biochemistry among many different organisms, there is much speculation that these chemicals can have a negative impact on humans as well.
Karena kesamaan sifat biokimia sistem saraf di antara berbagai organisme, terdapat spekulasi bahwa bahan kimia ini juga memiliki dampak negatif bagi manusia.
Child development Dose–response relationship Environmental effects of pesticides Environmental issues with agriculture Food safety List of environmental issues
Keracunan pestisida Teknik keamanan pangan Dampak lingkungan dari pestisida Dampak lingkungan dari pertanian Daftar masalah lingkungan Perkembangan anak The European Pesticide Residue Workshop Diarsipkan 2009-10-18 di Wayback Machine.
Pesticide poisoning QuEChERS - method for testing pesticide residues WHO fact sheet on pesticide residues in food The European Pesticide Residue Workshop Pesticide residue in Europe International Maximum Residue Level Database US EPA Pesticide Chemical Search CODEX Alimentarius International Food Standards Pesticides and Food:What the Pesticide Residue Limits are on Food
Pesticide residue in Europe International Maximum Residue Level Database UK Pesticides Safety Directorate List of websites that specify pesticide residue limits US EPA Pesticide Chemical Search CODEX Alimentarius International Food Standards Pesticides and Food:What the Pesticide Residue Limits are on Food