Ik45/wikipedia_dataset_science_en_id huggingface dataset:
Supersonic speed is the speed of an object that exceeds the speed of sound (Mach 1).
Pecahan supersonik adalah gerakan retak lebih cepat dari kecepatan suara.
Speeds greater than five times the speed of sound (Mach 5) are often referred to as hypersonic.
Kecepatan lima kali di atas kecepatan suara disebut hipersonik.
Objects move at supersonic speed when the objects move faster than the speed at which sound propagates through the medium.
Pecahan supersonik adalah gerakan retak lebih cepat dari kecepatan suara.
In water at room temperature, supersonic speed means any speed greater than 1,440 m/s (4,724 ft/s).
Supersonik atau adibunyi adalah kecepatan di atas kecepatan suara, yang kira-kira adalah 343 m/d (1.087 kaki/detik, 761 mpj, 1.225 km/j, di udara pada permukaan laut.
Most modern firearm bullets are supersonic, with rifle projectiles often travelling at speeds approaching and in some cases well exceeding Mach 3.
Munisi senjata api adalah supersonik, dengan projektil senapan sering kali memiliki kecepatan mendekati
Most modern fighter aircraft are supersonic aircraft.
Banyak pesawat tempur modern adalah supersonik.
Terrain contour matching, or TERCOM, is a navigation system used primarily by cruise missiles.
Terrain Contour Matching, atau TERCOM, adalah sistem navigasi yang digunakan terutama oleh rudal jelajah.
A TERCOM system considerably increases the accuracy of a missile compared with inertial navigation systems (INS).
Sebuah sistem TERCOM sangat meningkatkan akurasi rudal dibandingkan dengan sistem navigasi inersia (INS).
The increased accuracy allows a TERCOM-equipped missile to fly closer to obstacles and at generally lower altitudes, making it harder to detect by ground radar.
Peningkatan akurasi memungkinkan rudal TERCOM-siap untuk terbang lebih dekat dengan rintangan dan ketinggian umumnya lebih rendah, sehingga sulit untuk dideteksi oleh radar darat.
The cruise missiles that employ a TERCOM system include: Supersonic Low Altitude Missile project (early version of TERCOM was slated to be used in this never-built missile) AGM-86B (United States) AGM-129 ACM (United States) BGM-109 Tomahawk (some versions, United States)
Rudal jelajah yang menggunakan sistem TERCOM meliputi: Supersonic Low Altitude Missile (early version of TERCOM was slated to be used in this never-built missile) AGM-86B (United States) AGM-129 ACM (United States) BGM-109 Tomahawk (some versions, United States)
Newer Russian cruise missiles, such as Kh-101 and Kh-555 are likely to have TERCOM navigation, but little information is available about these missiles C-802 or YJ-82 NATO reporting name CSS-N-8 Saccade (China) – it is unclear if this missile employs TERCOM navigation Hyunmoo III (South Korea) DH-10 (China) Babur (Pakistan) land attack cruise missile Ra'ad (Pakistan) air-launched cruise missile Naval Strike Missile (anti-ship and land attack missile, Norway) SOM (missile) (air-launched cruise missile, Turkey)
Newer Russian cruise missiles, such as Kh-101 and Kh-555 are likely to have TERCOM navigation, but little information is available about these missiles C-802 or YJ-82 NATO reporting name CSS-N-8 Saccade (China) - it is unclear if this missile employs TERCOM navigation Hyunmoo III (South Korea) DH-10 (China) Babur (Pakistan) Land Attack Cruise Missile Ra'ad (Pakistan) Air Launched Cruise Missile Naval Strike Missile (Anti ship and land attack missile, Norway) SOM (missile) (air launched cruise missile, Turkey)
A trijet is a jet aircraft powered by three jet engines.
Trijet atau pesawat jet bermesin tiga (tri jet) adalah sebuah pesawat didukung oleh tiga mesin jet.
In general, passenger airline trijets are considered to be second-generation jet airliners, due to their innovative engine locations, in addition to the advancement of turbofan technology.
Secara umum, pesawat trijet dianggap pesawat jet generasi kedua, karena lokasi mesin inovatif mereka, di samping kemajuan teknologi turbofan.
Early American twinjet designs were limited by the FAA's 60-minute rule, whereby the flight path of twin-engine jetliners was restricted to within 60 minutes' flying time from a suitable airport, in case of engine failure.
Desain twin-jet awal dibatasi oleh 60 menit aturan FAA, di mana jalur penerbangan dari pesawat jet bermesin ganda dibatasi dalam waktu 60 menit waktu terbang dari bandara yang cocok, dalam kasus kegagalan mesin.
In 1964, this rule was lifted for trijet designs, as they had a greater safety margin.
Pada tahun 1964, aturan ini dicabut untuk desain trijet, karena mereka memiliki margin keamanan yang lebih besar.
For swept-wing transonic designs, VGs alleviate potential shock-stall problems (e.g., Harrier, Blackburn Buccaneer, Gloster Javelin).
Untuk desain sayap menyapu transonik, mereka mengurangi potensi masalah kejutan-stall (misalnya, Harrier, Blackburn Buccaneer, Gloster Javelin).
A wet wing (also referred to as integral fuel tanks) is an aerospace engineering technique where an aircraft's wing structure is sealed and used as a fuel tank.
Sayap basah atau wet wing adalah sebuah penerapan dalam teknik kedirgantaraan di mana struktur sayap sebuah pesawat disegel dan digunakan sebagai tangki bahan bakar.
A wing is a structure which produces both lift and drag while moving through air.
Wing merupakan bagian terpenting dari suatu pesawat, karena wing menghasilkan lift (gaya angkat)
How Wings Work – Holger Babinsky Physics Education 2003 How Airplanes Fly: A Physical Description of Lift Demystifying the Science of Flight – Audio segment on NPR's Talk of the Nation Science Friday NASA's explanations and simulations Flight of the StyroHawk wing See How It Flies
How Airplanes Fly: A Physical Description of Lift Demystifying the Science of Flight - Audio segment on NPR's Talk of the Nation Science Friday NASA's explanations and simulations Flight of the StyroHawk wing See How It Flies http://www.youtube.com/
Marston Mat, also misspelled as Marsden matting, but more properly called pierced (or perforated) steel planking (PSP), is standardized, perforated steel matting material developed by the United States at the Waterways Experiment Station shortly before World War II, primarily for the rapid construction of temporary runways and landing strips.
Marston Mat ("Keset Marston") atau pierced steel planking/perforated steel planking (PSP), adalah salah satu bahan standar untuk membuat lapisan baja berlubang yang berfungsi sebagai alas atau keset.
The nickname came from Marston, North Carolina, adjacent to Camp Mackall airfield where the material was first used.
Nama "Marston Mat" berasal dari kota Marston, North Carolina, dekat lapangan terbang Camp Mackall tempat bahan ini pertama digunakan.
Building information modeling (BIM) is an approach involving the generation and management of digital representations of the physical and functional characteristics of buildings or other physical assets and facilities.
Pemodelan informasi bangunan (bahasa Inggris: building information modelingcode: en is deprecated , disingkat BIM) adalah sebuah proses yang digunakan untuk membuat dan mengelola gambaran digital dari ciri fisik dan fungsional sebuah bangunan.
BIM software is used by individuals, businesses and government agencies who plan, design, construct, operate and maintain buildings and diverse physical infrastructures, such as water, refuse, electricity, gas, communication utilities, roads, railways, bridges, ports and tunnels.
Perangkat lunak BIM biasa digunakan oleh pihak-pihak yang bertugas merancang, membangun, mengoperasikan, dan merawat bangunan serta infrastruktur fisik lainnya, termasuk jaringan perpipaan, kelistrikan, komunikasi, jalan, rel kereta api, jembatan, pelabuhan, dan terowongan.
The concept of BIM has been in development since the 1970s, but it only became an agreed term in the early 2000s.
Konsep BIM sebenarnya telah dikembangkan sejak 1970-an, tetapi baru menjadi istilah yang umum pada awal tahun 2000-an.
Parametric design is a design method in which features, such as building elements and engineering components, are shaped based on algorithmic processes rather than direct manipulation.
Desain Parametrik adalah teknik merancang yang menggunakan proses algoritmik untuk menghasilkan bentuk, seperti pada bangunan atau mesin, bukan dengan cara mengubahnya secara langsung.
In this approach, parameters and rules establish the relationship between design intent and design response.
Dalam teknik ini, aturan dan variabel (parameter) menentukan bagaimana tujuan desain diwujudkan.
Gaudí used a mechanical model for architectural design (see analogical model) by attaching weights to a system of strings to determine shapes for building features like arches.
Gaudí menggunakan model mekanis dengan beban tali untuk menentukan bentuk struktur bangunan, seperti lengkungan.
Real estate development is the process of acquiring land or existing property, improving it through planning and construction, and selling or leasing for profit.
Pengembangan lahan yasan atau pengembangan properti adalah suatu proses bisnis yang mencakup kegiatan yang berkisar dari renovasi dan penyewaan kembali pada bangunan yang telah ada, hingga pembelian mentah suatu tanah dan penjualan lahan pembangunan atau parsel kepada orang lain.
The monkey and banana problem is a famous toy problem in artificial intelligence, particularly in logic programming and planning.
Masalah monyet dan pisang adalah sebuah masalah mainan terkenal dalam kecerdasan buatan, terutama dalam pemprograman logika dan perencanaan.
The bananas are hanging from the ceiling out of reach of the monkey.
Sekumpulan pisang berada di langit-langit, di luar jangkauan monyet.
A text-to-video model is a form of generative artificial intelligence that uses a natural language description as input to produce a video relevant to the input text.
Model teks-ke-video adalah sebuah model kecerdasan buatan yang bisa mengubah teks menjadi video.
Active noise control (ANC), also known as noise cancellation (NC), or active noise reduction (ANR), is a method for reducing unwanted sound by the addition of a second sound specifically designed to cancel the first.
Pengendalian Bising Aktif atau Active Noise Control (ANC) adalah pengendalian sinyal bising dengan cara membangkitkan sinyal bising yang sama (sinyal bising sekunder) tapi dengan fase yang berbeda 180 derajat dari sinyal bising yang hendak dikendalikan (sinyal bising primer).
A noise-cancellation speaker emits a sound wave with the same amplitude but with an inverted phase (also known as antiphase) relative to the original sound.
Sebuah speaker penghilang derau mengirim gelombang suara yang memiliki amplitudo sama, tetapi dengan fase yang terbalik terhadap suara aslinya.
The waves combine to form a new wave, in a process called interference, and effectively cancel each other out – an effect which is called destructive interference.
Gelombang derau ini bertemu dan membentuk sebuah gelombang baru dalam proses interferensi, lalu saling meredam secara efektif.
A noise-cancellation speaker may be co-located with the sound source to be attenuated.
Untuk meredam suara, sebuah speaker penghilang derau dapat diletakkan berhadapan dengan sumber suara.
Periodic sounds, even complex ones, are easier to cancel than random sounds due to the repetition in the waveform.
Suara periodik, serumit apapun gelombangnya, lebih mudah dihilangkan dibandingkan suara acak repetitif.
Protection of a 1-dimension zone is easier and requires only one or two microphones and speakers to be effective.
Perlindungan 1-dimensional lebih mudah dan hanya memerlukan beberapa mikrofon dan speaker agar efektif.
Several commercial applications have been successful: noise-canceling headphones, active mufflers, anti-snoring devices, vocal or center channel extraction for karaoke machines, and the control of noise in air conditioning ducts.
Beberapa aplikasi komersial yang berhasil diterapkan antara lain: noise-cancelling headphone, active muffler, dan peredam derau dalam saluran ventilasi.
High-frequency waves are difficult to reduce in three dimensions due to their relatively short audio wavelength in air.
Gelombang frekuensi tinggi sulit direduksi dalam zona 3-dimensional karena relatif pendek dan singkat.
In sum, the most effective noise reduction in three-dimensional space involves low-frequency sounds.
Maka sebaliknya, reduksi derau paling efektif dalam 3-dimentional adalah pada suara berfrekuensi rendah.
In mathematics, an almost periodic function is, loosely speaking, a function of a real variable that is periodic to within any desired level of accuracy, given suitably long, well-distributed "almost-periods".
Dalam matematika, fungsi hampir berkala secara gamblang adalah fungsi bilangan riil yang bersifat periodik terhadap tingkat keakuratan apapun yang diinginkan karena "periode nyaris"-nya panjang dan terdistribusi dengan baik.
The concept was first studied by Harald Bohr and later generalized by Vyacheslav Stepanov, Hermann Weyl and Abram Samoilovitch Besicovitch, amongst others.
Konsep ini awalnya diteliti oleh Harald Bohr, lalu disederhanakan oleh Vyacheslav Stepanov, Hermann Weyl, dan Abram Samoilovitch Besicovitch.
There is also a notion of almost periodic functions on locally compact abelian groups, first studied by John von Neumann.
Ada pula fungsi nyaris periodik di kelompok abelian padat tertutup yang pertama kali diteliti oleh John von Neumann.
Almost periodicity is a property of dynamical systems that appear to retrace their paths through phase space, but not exactly.
Kehampirberkalaan (almost periodicity) adalah sifat sistem dinamika yang tampak menelusuri kembali jalurnya melalui ruang fase, namun tidak sepenuhnya tepat.
An example would be a planetary system, with planets in orbits moving with periods that are not commensurable (i.e., with a period vector that is not proportional to a vector of integers).
Salah satu contohnya ada di sistem keplanetan: Planet-planet bergerak di orbitnya dengan periode yang tidak komensurabel (i.e. vektor periodenya tidak proporsional dengan vektor bilangan bulat).
A.S. Besicovitch, "Almost periodic functions", Cambridge Univ.
495–512 A.S. Besicovitch, "Almost periodic functions", Cambridge Univ.
Annalen, 96: 119–147, doi:10.1007/BF01209156, S2CID 118124462 S. Bochner and J. von Neumann, "Almost Periodic Function in a Group II", Trans.
Annalen, 96: 119–147, doi:10.1007/BF01209156 S. Bochner and J. von Neumann, "Almost Periodic Function in a Group II", Trans.
21–50 H. Bohr, "Almost-periodic functions", Chelsea, reprint (1947)
29–127 H. Bohr, "Almost-periodic functions", Chelsea, reprint (1947)
An audio engineer (also known as a sound engineer or recording engineer) helps to produce a recording or a live performance, balancing and adjusting sound sources using equalization, dynamics processing and audio effects, mixing, reproduction, and reinforcement of sound.
Rekayasa audio adalah bidang keahlian yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan mesin dan perangkat untuk rekaman suara, menyunting (editing), mencampur (mixing), mengaditama (mastering), dan reproduksi suara.
Alternatively, audio engineer can refer to a scientist or professional engineer who holds an engineering degree and designs, develops, and builds audio or musical technology working under terms such as electronic/electrical engineering or (musical) signal processing.
Rekayasawan audio adalah orang yang mahir dengan berbagai jenis media perekaman, seperti rekaman pita kaset, multitrack recorder, stasiun kerja audio digital, dan pengetahuan komputer.
While usually associated with music production, an audio engineer deals with sound for a wide range of applications, including post-production for video and film, live sound reinforcement, advertising, multimedia, and broadcasting.
Rekayasawan audio adalah orang yang mahir dengan berbagai jenis media perekaman, seperti rekaman pita kaset, multitrack recorder, stasiun kerja audio digital, dan pengetahuan komputer.
Audio mixing is practiced for music, film, television and live sound.
Pencampuran audio dipraktikan pada musik, film, televisi dan suara langsung.
The process is generally carried out by a mixing engineer operating a mixing console or digital audio workstation.
Proses ini biasanya dilakukan oleh seorang teknisi pencampuran yang mengoperasikan sebuah konsol pencampuran atau stasiun pengerjaan audio digital.
An audiophile seeks to achieve high sound quality in the audio reproduction of recorded music, typically in a quiet listening space in a room with good acoustics.
Seorang Audiofil berusaha mereproduksi ulang suara pertunjukan musik langsung dengan sebaik mungkin, biasanya di ruangan dengan akustik yang bagus.
Audiophile values may be applied at all stages of music reproduction—the initial audio recording, the production process, the storage of sound data, and the playback (usually in a home setting).
Standar audiofil dapat diterapkan pada semua tahap reproduksi musik: perekaman audio awal, proses produksi, dan pemutaran, yang biasanya dilakukan di rumah.
In general, the values of an audiophile are seen to be antithetical to the growing popularity of more convenient but lower-quality music, especially lossy digital file types like MP3, lower-definition music streaming services, laptop or cell phone speakers, and low-cost headphones.
Secara umum, nilai yang dianut seorang audiofil terlihat berlawanan dengan popularitas musik yang lebih nyaman tetapi berkualitas lebih rendah, terutama jenis file digital lossy seperti MP3, layanan streaming definisi rendah, serta headphone murah.
Sound and Vision Audiophilia: The Online Journal for the Serious Audiophile Why We Need Audiophiles (Gizmodo) High end Audio and Audiophile Pages Enjoy the Music.com: Equipment reviews, industry news, shows reports, etc.
Audiophilia: The Online Journal for the Serious Audiophile Why We Need Audiophiles (Gizmodo) High end Audio and Audiophile Pages Enjoy the Music.com: Equipment reviews, industry news, shows reports, etc.
Backmasking is a recording technique in which a message is recorded backward onto a track that is meant to be played forward.
Backmasking adalah teknik dalam proses perekaman di mana suara dan pesan yang terdapat di dalam sebuah rekaman akan diputar secara terbalik.
Since at least the early 1980s, Christian groups in the United States alleged that backmasking was being used by prominent rock musicians for Satanic purposes, leading to record-burning protests and proposed anti-backmasking legislation by state and federal governments during the 1980s, as part of the Satanic panic movement of the time.
Backmasking telah pernah menjadi pokok pembicaraan yang sering diperdebatkan di Amerika Serikat sejak tahun 1970-an hingga 1980-an yaitu saat munculnya suatu tudingan yang dilontarkan kelompok-kelompok Kristen terhadap musisi-musisi rock terkemuka bahwa backmasking dibuat dengan tujuan satanik hingga menyebabkan banyak orang yang berunjuk rasa untuk mengadakan pembakaran rekaman-rekaman lagu lalu mengusulkan pembuatan undang-undang mengenai pencegahan backmasking dari pemerintah-pemerintah federal dan semua pemerintah yang memiliki kendali mutlak atas negara bagiannya masing-masing di Amerika Serikat.
In electronics, crosstalk (XT) is a phenomenon by which a signal transmitted on one circuit or channel of a transmission system creates an undesired effect in another circuit or channel.
Cakap Silang atau cross-talk (XT) merupakan suatu fenomena dalam bidang elektronika dan telekomunikasi, di mana sinyal yang dikirimkan pada satu sirkuit atau dalam sistem saluran transmisi menimbulkan efek yang tidak diinginkan pada sistem tersebut.
In the performing arts, the front of house (FOH) is the part of a performance venue that is open to the public.
Dalam seni pertunjukan, griya depan atau balai depan atau front of house (FOH) merupakan bagian dari tempat pertunjukan yang terbuka untuk umum.
In theatres and live music venues, it consists of the auditorium, and foyers, as opposed to the front stage and backstage areas.
Di teater dan marga musik langsung, terdiri dari auditorium dan lobi, berlawanan dengan area panggung dan belakang panggung.
In a theatre, the front of house manager is responsible for welcoming guests, refreshments, and making sure the auditorium is set out properly.
Di teater, manajer bagian depan rumah bertanggung jawab untuk menyambut tamu, minuman, dan memastikan auditorium ditata dengan benar.
By contrast, back of house (BOH) is any operations that are not visible to the audience, such as props management, costume design, stage set fabrication, lighting control, and other support functions.
Sebaliknya, griya belakang atau back of house (BOH) mengacu pada setiap operasi yang tidak terlihat oleh penonton, seperti pengelolaan alat peraga, desain kostum, penataan set panggung, kontrol pencahayaan, dan fungsi pendukung lainnya.
Both terms are also used in the restaurant, hospitality, and retailing industries.
Kedua istilah tersebut juga digunakan di industri restoran, perhotelan, dan ritel.
Examples include cooking, dishwashing, cleaning, shipping and receiving, maintenance and repairs, accounting, and other indirect support tasks which are not usually visible to customers.
Contohnya termasuk memasak, mencuci piring, membersihkan, mengirim dan menerima, pemeliharaan dan perbaikan, akuntansi, dan tugas dukungan tidak langsung lainnya yang biasanya tidak terlihat oleh pelanggan.
In the context of telecommunication, a headset is a combination of a headphone and microphone.
Sementara untuk istilah headset mempunyai tiga ciri, yaitu: terdapat mikrofon pasangan dari headphone sebagai alat tambahan menggunakan earphone dan pemancar di kepala.
Mastering is a form of audio post production which is the process of preparing and transferring recorded audio from a source containing the final mix to a data storage device called a master recording, the source from which all copies will be produced (via methods such as pressing, duplication or replication).
Mastering atau pengaditamaan, sejenis pasca-produksi audio, adalah proses produksi tahap akhir yang menyiapkan dan mentransfer rekaman audio dari sumber yang berisi campuran akhir audio ke peranti penyimpanan data (disebutnya master); sumber dari semua salinan yang akan diproduksi (lewat metode penekanan, perangkapan, atau replikasi).
In recent years, digital masters have become usual, although analog masters—such as audio tapes—are still being used by the manufacturing industry, particularly by a few engineers who specialize in analog mastering.
Beberapa tahun terakhir ini aditama digital telah menjadi umum, walaupun aditama analog, seperti kaset audio, masih digunakan industri manufaktur, terutama oleh beberapa rekayasawan yang ahli dalam pengaditamaan analog (analog mastering).
Results depend upon the intent of the engineer, their skills, the accuracy of the speaker monitors, and the listening environment.
Hasilnya tergantung dari niat rekayasawan, kemahiran rekayasawan, ketepatan monitor penyuara, dan lingkungan untuk dengar.
NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories (STRL, Japanese: NHK放送技術研究所, romanized: NHK Hōsō Gijutsu Kenkyūjo), headquartered in Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan, is responsible for technical research at NHK, Japan's public broadcaster.
Laboratorium Penelitian Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi NHK (Jepang: NHK放送技術研究所code: ja is deprecated , NHK Hōsō Gijutsu Kenkyūjo) bertugas melakukan penelitian teknis untuk NHK, lembaga penyiaran umum Jepang.