A miniature effect is a special effect created for motion pictures and television programs using scale models.
Efek miniatur adalah efek khusus yang dibuat untuk film dan program televisi menggunakan model skala.
Scale models are often combined with high speed photography or matte shots to make gravitational and other effects appear convincing to the viewer.
Model skala sering digabungkan dengan fotografi berkecepatan tinggi atau ambilan matte untuk membuat efek gravitasi dan lainnya tampak meyakinkan bagi pemirsa.
The use of miniatures has largely been superseded by computer-generated imagery in contemporary cinema.
Penggunaan miniatur sebagian besar telah digantikan oleh pencitraan hasil komputer dalam sinema kontemporer.
Where a miniature appears in the foreground of a shot, this is often very close to the camera lens — for example when matte-painted backgrounds are used.
Saat miniatur muncul di latar depan ambilan, sering kali hal ini sangat dekat dengan lensa kamera — misalnya saat latar belakang bercat matte digunakan.
This foreground miniature usage is referred to as forced perspective.
Penggunaan miniatur latar depan ini disebut sebagai perspektif paksa.
Another form of miniature effect uses stop motion animation.
Bentuk lain efek miniatur menggunakan animasi gerak henti.
The use of scale models in the creation of visual effects by the entertainment industry dates back to the earliest days of cinema.
Penggunaan model skala dalam pembuatan efek visual oleh industri hiburan sudah ada sejak masa awal sinema.
Models and miniatures are copies of people, animals, buildings, settings, and objects.
Model dan miniatur adalah tiruan dari orang, hewan, bangunan, latar, dan objek.
Miniatures or models are used to represent things that do not really exist, or that are too expensive or difficult to film in reality, such as explosions, floods, or fires.
Miniatur atau model digunakan untuk mewakili hal-hal yang sebenarnya tidak ada, atau hal-hal yang terlalu mahal atau sulit untuk difilmkan dalam realitas, seperti ledakan, banjir, atau kebakaran.
French director Georges Méliès incorporated special effects in his 1902 film Le Voyage dans la Lune (A Trip to the Moon) — including double-exposure, split screens, miniatures and stop-action.
Sutradara Prancis Georges Méliès menggabungkan efek khusus dalam filmnya Le Voyage dans la Lune ('A Trip to the Moon) pada tahun 1902 — termasuk pajanan ganda, layar belah, miniatur, dan gerak henti.
Some of the most influential visual effects films of these early years such as Metropolis (1927), Citizen Kane (1941), Godzilla (1954)
Beberapa film efek visual paling berpengaruh di tahun-tahun awal seperti Metropolis (1927), Citizen Kane (1941), Godzilla (1954), The Ten Commandments (1956).
The 1933 film King Kong made extensive use of miniature effects including scale models and stop-motion animation of miniature elements.
Film King Kong 1933 banyak menggunakan efek miniatur termasuk maket dan animasi gerak henti dari elemen miniatur.
In production for three years, the film was a significant advancement in creating convincing models.
Dalam produksi selama tiga tahun, film tersebut merupakan kemajuan yang signifikan dalam menciptakan model yang meyakinkan.
In the early 1970s, miniatures were often used to depict disasters in such films as The Poseidon Adventure (1972), Earthquake (1974) and The Towering Inferno (1974).
Pada awal tahun 1970-an, miniatur sering digunakan untuk menggambarkan bencana dalam film-film seperti The Poseidon Adventure (1972), Earthquake (1974) dan
The resurgence of the science fiction genre in film in the late 1970s saw miniature fabrication rise to new heights in such films as Close Encounters of the Third Kind, (1977), Star Wars (also 1977), Alien (1979), Star Trek: The Motion Picture (1979) and Blade Runner (1982).
Kebangkitan genre fiksi ilmiah dalam film pada akhir tahun 1970-an membuat pembuatan miniatur meningkat sampai ketinggian baru dalam film-film seperti Close Encounters of the Third Kind, (1977), Star Wars (juga 1977), Alien (1979), Star Trek: The Motion Picture (1979) dan Blade Runner (1982).
While the use of computer-generated imagery (CGI) has largely overtaken their use since then, they are still often employed, especially for projects requiring physical interaction with fire, explosions, or water.
Sementara penggunaan pencitraan hasil komputer (CGI) sebagian besar telah mengambil alih penggunaannya sejak saat itu, hal ini masih sering digunakan, terutama untuk proyek yang memerlukan interaksi fisik dengan api, ledakan, atau air.
Independence Day (1996), Titanic (1997), Godzilla (1998), the Star Wars prequel trilogy (1999–2005), The Lord of the Rings trilogy (2001–2003), Casino Royale (2006), The Dark Knight (2008), Inception (2010), and Interstellar (2014) are examples of highly successful films that have utilized miniatures for a significant component of their visual effects work.
Independence Day (1996), Titanic (1997), Godzilla (1998), trilogi prekuel Star Wars (1999-2005), trilogi The Lord of the Rings (2001-3), Casino Royale (2006), The Dark Knight (2008), Inception (2010), dan Interstellar (2014) adalah contoh film sangat sukses yang menggunakan miniatur untuk komponen penting dari pekerjaan efek visualnya.
Greg Jein: Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Star Trek: The Next Generation Ian Hunter: The Dark Knight, Live Free or Die Hard, The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe Leigh Took: The Da Vinci Code, The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus Lorne Peterson: Star Wars Episodes 1 - 6, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Battlestar Galactica, War of the Worlds Mark Stetson: Blade Runner, Die Hard, The Fifth Element, The Lord of the Rings Matthew Gratzner: The Aviator, The Good Shepherd, Pitch Black, Alien Resurrection.
Greg Jein: Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Star Trek: The Next Generation Ian Hunter The Dark Knight, Live Free or Die Hard, The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe Leigh Took: The Da Vinci Code, The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus Lorne Peterson: Star Wars Episodes 1 - 6, Raiders of the Lost Ark, Battlestar Galactica, War of the Worlds Mark Stetson Blade Runner, Die Hard, The Fifth Element, The Lord of the Rings Matthew Gratzner: The Aviator, The Good Shepherd, Pitch Black, Alien Resurrection.
The Empire Strikes Back, Aliens, The Abyss, True Lies Richard Taylor: The Lord of the Rings, Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World Steve Gawley: Star Wars, Raiders of the Lost Ark Vision Crew Unlimited Weta Workshop WonderWorks Howard & Theodore Lydecker, miniature effects pioneers
The Empire Strikes Back, Aliens, The Abyss, True Lies Richard Taylor: The Lord of the Rings, Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World Steve Gawley Star Wars, Raiders of the Lost Ark Vision Crew Unlimited Weta Workshop WonderWorks Howard & Theodore Lydecker, miniature effects pioneers