A protein family is a group of evolutionarily related proteins.
Famili protein adalah kelompok protein yang berhubungan secara evolusi.
In many cases, a protein family has a corresponding gene family, in which each gene encodes a corresponding protein with a 1:1 relationship.
Di banyak kasus, sebuah famili protein memiliki famili gen yang sesuai, dengan setiap gen mengodekan protein sesuai dengan relasi 1:1.
Proteins in a family descend from a common ancestor and typically have similar three-dimensional structures, functions, and significant sequence similarity.
Protein pada turunan famili dari nenek moyang bersama (lihat homologi) secara khusus memiliki struktur tiga dimensi dan fungsi serupa, serta kesamaan urutan secara signifikan.
Proteins that do not share a common ancestor are unlikely to show statistically significant sequence similarity, making sequence alignment a powerful tool for identifying the members of protein families.
Protein yang tidak memiliki nenek moyang bersama sangat tidak mungkin menunjukkan kesamaan urutan yang signifikan secara statistik, membuat penyebarisan urutan merupakan alat yang kuat untuk mengidentifikasi anggota famili protein.
Families are sometimes grouped together into larger clades called superfamilies based on structural similarity, even if there is no identifiable sequence homology.
Famili terkadang dikelompokkan bersama ke dalam klad lebih besar disebut superfamili yang didasarkan pada kesamaan struktural dan mekanistik, bahkan jika tidak terdapat homologi urutan teridentifikasi.
Currently, over 60,000 protein families have been defined, although ambiguity in the definition of "protein family" leads different researchers to highly varying numbers.
Saat ini, lebih dari 60.000 famili protein telah terdefinisi, tetapi keambiguan pada definisi famili protein menyebabkan jumlah yang sangat bervariasi di antara peneliti berbeda.
The term protein family has broad usage and can be applied to large groups of proteins with barely detectable sequence similarity as well as narrow groups of proteins with near identical sequence, function, and structure.
Seperti halnya banyak istilah biologi, penggunaan famili protein sedikit bergantung pada konteksnya; istilah ini mungkin menyatakan kelompok besar protein dengan tingkat kesamaan urutan terdeteksi serendah mungkin, atau kelompok protein sangat sempit dengan urutan, fungsi, atau struktur tiga dimensi yang hampir identik, atau semua jenis kelompok di antara keduanya.
At the highest level of classification are protein superfamilies, which group distantly related proteins, often based on their structural similarity.
Untuk membedakan situasi tersebut, istilah superfamili protein sering kali digunakan untuk protein yang jauh terkait dengan keterkaitan tidak terdeteksi oleh kesamaan urutan, tetapi hanya dari sifat struktur bersama.
Next are protein families, which refer to proteins with a shared evolutionary origin exhibited by significant sequence similarity.
Famili protein adalah kelompok protein yang berhubungan secara evolusi.
As the total number of sequenced proteins increases and interest expands in proteome analysis, an effort is ongoing to organize proteins into families and to describe their component domains and motifs.
Karena jumlah total protein terurutkan meningkat dan minat dalam analisis proteom berkembang, terdapat upaya berkelanjutan untuk mengatur protein ke dalam famili dan untuk mendeskripsikan komponen domain dan motifnya.
Reliable identification of protein families is critical to phylogenetic analysis, functional annotation, and the exploration of the diversity of protein function in a given phylogenetic branch.
Identifikasi famili protein tepercaya penting pada analisis filogenetik, anotasi fungsional, dan eksplorasi keberagaman fungsi protein pada cabang filogenetik yang diketahui.
The algorithmic means for establishing protein families on a large scale are based on a notion of similarity.
Sarana algoritmik untuk membangun famili protein dalam skala besar didasarkan pada pengertian kesamaan.
Many biological databases catalog protein families and allow users to match query sequences to known families.
Terdapat banyak basis data biologi yang mencatat contoh famili protein dan mengizinkan pengguna untuk mengidentifikasi jika protein yang baru diidentifikasi termasuk famili yang diketahui.
These include: Pfam - Protein families database of alignments and HMMs PROSITE - Database of protein domains, families and functional sites PIRSF - SuperFamily Classification System PASS2 - Protein Alignment as Structural Superfamilies v2 - PASS2@NCBS SUPERFAMILY - Library of HMMs representing superfamilies and database of (superfamily and family) annotations for all completely sequenced organisms SCOP and CATH - Classifications of protein structures into superfamilies, families and domains Similarly, many database-searching algorithms exist, for example: BLAST - DNA sequence similarity search BLASTp - Protein sequence similarity search OrthoFinder - Method for clustering proteins into families (orthogroups)
Berikut beberapa contohnya: Pfam - Basis data penyebarisan dan HMM famili protein, PROSITE - Basis data domain, famili, dan situs fungsional protein, PIRSF - Sistem Klasifikasi Superfamili, PASS2 - Penyebarisan Protein sebagai Superfamili Struktural v2 - PASS2@NCBS, SUPERFAMILY - Perpustakaan HMM yang merepresentasikan superfamili dan basis data (superfamili dan famili)