Some of its application to the study of financial markets has also been termed statistical finance referring to its roots in statistical physics.
Beberapa aplikasinya terhadap studi pasar keuangan juga dapat disebut keuangan statistik, mengacu pada fisika statistik.
Likewise, Jan Tinbergen, who won the first Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1969 for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes, studied physics with Paul Ehrenfest at Leiden University.
Demikian juga Jan Tinbergen, yang memenangkan Hadiah Nobel Ekonomi pertama pada tahun 1969 atas pengembangan dan penerapan model dinamis untuk analisis proses ekonomi, belajar fisika dengan Paul Ehrenfest di Universitas Leiden.
One of the founders of neoclassical economic theory, former Yale University Professor of Economics Irving Fisher, was originally trained under the renowned Yale physicist, Josiah Willard Gibbs.
Salah satu pendiri teori ekonomi neoklasik, mantan Profesor Ekonomi Universitas Yale Irving Fisher, awalnya dididik oleh fisikawan Yale terkenal, Josiah Willard Gibbs.
Econophysics was started in the mid-1990s by several physicists working in the subfield of statistical mechanics.
Ekonofisika dimulai pada pertengahan 1990-an oleh beberapa fisikawan yang bekerja di subbidang mekanika statistika.
Unsatisfied with the traditional explanations and approaches of economists – which usually prioritized simplified approaches for the sake of soluble theoretical models over agreement with empirical data – they applied tools and methods from physics, first to try to match financial data sets, and then to explain more general economic phenomena.
Merasa kurang puas dengan penjelasan dan pendekatan ekonom tradisional - yang biasanya memprioritaskan pendekatan yang disederhanakan demi solusi model teoretis atas kesepakatan dengan data empiris - mereka menerapkan alat dan metode dari ilmu fisika, pertama untuk mencoba untuk mencocokkan data keuangan, kemudian menjelaskan fenomena ekonomi secara lebih umum.
One driving force behind econophysics arising at this time was the sudden availability of large amounts of financial data, starting in the 1980s.
Salah satu kekuatan pendorong di balik ekonofisika yang muncul saat ini adalah ketersediaan sejumlah besar data keuangan secara tiba-tiba, mulai tahun 1980-an.
It became apparent that traditional methods of analysis were insufficient – standard economic methods dealt with homogeneous agents and equilibrium, while many of the more interesting phenomena in financial markets fundamentally depended on heterogeneous agents and far-from-equilibrium situations.
Terlihat jelas bahwa metode analisis tradisional tidak cukup memadai - metode ekonomi standar berkaitan dengan agen homogen dan keseimbangan (ekuilibrium), sementara banyak fenomena yang lebih menarik di pasar keuangan fundamental tergantung pada agen heterogen dan situasi yang jauh dari ekuilibrium.
The term "econophysics" was coined by H. Eugene Stanley, to describe the large number of papers written by physicists in the problems of (stock and other) markets, in a conference on statistical physics in Kolkata (erstwhile Calcutta) in 1995 organized by Bikas Chakrabarti and first appeared in its proceedings publication in Physica A 1996.
Istilah "ekonofisika" pertama kali diciptakan oleh H. Eugene Stanley untuk menggambarkan sejumlah besar makalah yang ditulis oleh fisikawan dalam masalah pasar (saham dan lainnya), dalam sebuah konferensi tentang fisika statistik di Kolkata, India pada tahun 1995 dan pertama muncul dalam publikasi di Physica A 1996.
The inaugural meeting on econophysics was organised in 1998 in Budapest by János Kertész and Imre Kondor.
Pertemuan perdana ekonofisika diselenggarakan tahun 1998 di Budapest, Hungaria oleh János Kertész dan Imre Kondor.
Basic tools of econophysics are probabilistic and statistical methods often taken from statistical physics.
Alat dasar ekonofisika ialah metode probabilistik dan statistik yang sering diambil dari fisika statistik.
Physics models that have been applied in economics include the kinetic theory of gas (called the kinetic exchange models of markets), percolation models, chaotic models developed to study cardiac arrest, and models with self-organizing criticality as well as other models developed for earthquake prediction.
Model fisika yang telah diterapkan di bidang ekonomi meliputi teori kinetik gas (disebut model pertukaran pasar kinetik)), model perkolasi, model chaos yang dikembangkan untuk mempelajari serangan jantung, dan model dengan kekritisan yang diorganisir sendiri serta model lain yang dikembangkan untuk memprediksi gempa.
Moreover, there have been attempts to use the mathematical theory of complexity and information theory, as developed by many scientists among whom are Murray Gell-Mann and Claude E. Shannon, respectively.
Selain itu, ada upaya untuk menggunakan teori kompleksitas dan teori informasi dalam matematika, seperti yang dikembangkan oleh banyak ilmuwan di antaranya adalah Murray Gell-Mann dan Claude E. Shannon.
Another good example is random matrix theory, which can be used to identify the noise in financial correlation matrices.
Contoh lain adalah teori matriks acak, yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi gangguan dalam matriks korelasi keuangan.
One paper has argued that this technique can improve the performance of portfolios, e.g., in applied in portfolio optimization.
Sebuah makalah berpendapat bahwa teknik ini dapat meningkatkan kinerja portofolio, misalnya pada optimasi portofolio.
There are also analogies between finance theory and diffusion theory.
Ada pula analogi antara teori keuangan dan teori difusi.
For instance, the Black–Scholes equation for option pricing is a diffusion-advection equation (see however for a critique of the Black–Scholes methodology).
Misalnya, persamaan Black-Scholes untuk penentuan harga opsi merupakan persamaan difusi-adveksi (lihat untuk kritik terhadap metodologi Black-Scholes).
Various econophysicists have introduced models for price fluctuations in physics of financial markets or original points of view on established models.
Berbagai pegiat ekonofisika telah memperkenalkan model untuk fluktuasi harga di pasar keuangan atau titik pandang awal pada model yang telah dibentuk.
Emmanual Farjoun and Moshé Machover, Laws of Chaos: a probabilistic approach to political economy, Verso (London, 1983)
Emmanual Farjoun and Moshé Machover, Laws of Chaos: a probabilistic approach to political economy, Verso (London, 1983) ISBN 0-86091-768-1 Diarsipkan 2011-11-09 di Wayback Machine.
Archived 2012-10-11 at the Wayback Machine Ubaldo Garibaldi and Enrico Scalas, Finitary Probabilistic Methods in Econophysics, Cambridge University Press (Cambridge, UK, 2010).
Ubaldo Garibaldi and Enrico Scalas, Finitary Probabilistic Methods in Econophysics, Cambridge University Press (Cambridge, UK, 2010).
Mark Buchanan, What has econophysics ever done for us?, Nature 2013 Nature Physics Focus issue: Complex networks in finance March 2013 Volume 9
No 3 pp 119–128 Mark Buchanan, What has econophysics ever done for us?, Nature, 2013