Icannos/chess_studies huggingface dataset:
[Event "Berlin"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1897.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Blackburne"]
[Black "Charousek"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "D02"]
[PlyCount "111"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 3. BLACKBURNE (1842-1921)  Blackburne had an unprententious style, but was
nevertheless a very remarkable player. One of his great assets was an
incredible skill in spotting opportunities which seem to be more or less
accidental. Add to this the fact that he possessed an iron nerve and we have
the dreaded "natural player". Blackburne played many brilliant games. As a
positional player, however, he is not to be ranked with Steinitz or Tarrasch } 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 e6 3. Bf4 Bd6 4. Bxd6 { Unpretentious, but in Blackburne's
"natural" style. A Rubinstein would certainly have played 4. Pe3 } ( 4. e3 ) 4... Qxd6 5. Nbd2 Nf6 6. c3 Nbd7 7. Qc2 e5 8. e3 O-O 9. dxe5 Nxe5 10. Be2 { He should have traded Knights first } ( 10. Nxe5 ) 10... Bg4 11. h3 Bh5 12. Nxe5 { Practically forced, otherwise Black will play 12. ... Pg6 } 12... Bxe2 $1 13. Nef3 ( 13. Nxf7 { White could win a pawn } 13... Qa6 { Black would have more than enough compensation } ) 13... Qa6 14. Nb3 Bd3 15. Qd1 b6 16. Nc1 Bc4 $1 { The incisive way to continue the attack } ( 16... Bg6 17. Qe2 { White would be out of difficulties } ) 17. Ne5 ( 17. b3 Qa5 $1 18. Qd2 Ba6 { keeping up the pressure } ) 17... Rad8 18. Qc2 Qb7 19. Ne2 Rfe8 20. Nxc4 dxc4 21. O-O Qe4 22. Qxe4 Nxe4 23. Rfd1 g5 ( 23... c5 $1 { Reti } 24. Nf4 Nd2 $1 { White's position is in a terrible bind } ) 24. Nd4 Rd5 25. Nf3 Rd3 ( 25... Red8 26. Rd4 $1 ) 26. Ne1 Rdd8 27. Nf3 c5 28. Kf1 b5 29. a3 a5 30. Ke2 b4 { White's position looks critical, but this was where
Blackburne displays remarkable resourcefulness } 31. axb4 axb4 32. Rxd8 Rxd8 33. cxb4 c3 $1 ( 33... cxb4 { White obtains the d4 square } ) 34. bxc3 Nxc3+ 35. Ke1 cxb4 36. Nd4 Rb8 37. Nb3 Kg7 38. Ra6 h5 39. g3 Rc8 40. Nd4 Rc5 41. Ra7 Kg6 42. Rb7 Ra5 43. Rxb4 Ra1+ 44. Kd2 Ne4+ 45. Ke2 Ra2+ 46. Kf3 Nxf2 47. Rb6+ f6 48. g4 $1 ( 48. h4 g4+ 49. Kf4 Nh1 $19 ) 48... h4 49. Rb7 Nxh3 50. Ne6 $1 ( 50. Nf5 Ng1+ 51. Ke4 Ra4+ $19 ) 50... Ng1+ 51. Ke4 Ra4+ 52. Kd3 Ra8 ( 52... -- 53. Nf8+ Kh6 54. Rh7# ) ( 52... Rxg4 53. Nf8+ Kf5 54. Rb5# ) 53. Rg7+ Kh6 54. Rf7 Rg8 55. Rxf6+ Rg6 56. Rf1 $1 { A narrow escape, but a very praiseworthy piece of work by White } 1-0
[Event "Salzburg"]
[Site "Salzburg (01)"]
[Date "1942.??.??"]
[Round "1"]
[White "Bogolyubov"]
[Black "Alekhine"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "B15"]
[PlyCount "91"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 4. BOGOLYUBOV (1889-1953)  Bogolyubov was an attacking player, to be ranked
with Anderssen, Marshall, and Spielmann. With subtle positional play he was
less at home; though in his later years he did operate routinely on positional
grounds while producing many fine endgames. Bogolyubov was an optimist. One of
his famous aphorisms was "When I am White I have the advantage because I am
White; when I am Black I have the advantage because I am Bogolyubov"  His aims,
however, were apt to outrun his capabilities. His great talent was at times
just not great enough, and the occasional gross errors in his play were due to
this disharmony } 1. e4 { Around 1928 Bogolyubov wrote a book on the d-pawn
opening, under the title 1. d2-d4. However, later in his career he usually
preferred 1. e4 } 1... c6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 dxe4 4. Nxe4 Nf6 5. Nxf6+ exf6 6. Bc4 Bd6 7. Qe2+ Be7 8. Nf3 Bg4 9. c3 Nd7 10. h3 $1 { Demonstrating that the development of the Bishop to g4 has its drawbacks } 10... Bh5 11. g4 $1 Bg6 12. Nh4 $1 Nb6 13. Bb3 Nd5 14. Bd2 $1 ( 14. f4 f5 15. gxf5 Bh5 $132 { Black would get good counterplay } ) 14... Qd6 15. Nf5 $1 { Forcing the following exchange, after which the Black doubled
pawns are blockaded, while White retains the Bishop pair and g-file } 15... Bxf5 16. gxf5 g6 17. O-O-O O-O-O 18. Qf3 g5 { Black must control f4, otherwise he could hardly hope to defend } 19. Rhe1 Rhe8 20. Re4 Bf8 21. Rxe8 Rxe8 22. Qh5 $1 { Winning a pawn } 22... Qd7 23. Qxh7 Re4 24. Qh8 Qd8 25. Re1 $1 Rxe1+ ( 25... Rh4 26. Qg8 Rxh3 27. Qxf7 Ne7 ( 27... Be7 28. Bxd5 cxd5 29. Rxe7 ) 28. Qxf6 ) 26. Bxe1 Kc7 27. Bd2 Qe7 28. Qh5 Qd7 29. Qf3 Qe7 30. Qh5 Qd7 31. Qf3 Bh6 32. h4 $1 Nf4 33. Bxf4+ gxf4 { Now White no longer has the Bishop pair, and there are opposite coloured
Bishops. With Queens off the board, Black would have good drawing chances; but
White has good attacking prospects, as the presence of opposite coloured
Bishops favours the attack } 34. Qh5 Bf8 35. Bxf7 c5 36. Be6 Qd6 37. Qf7+ Be7 38. dxc5 Qxc5 39. h5 { The passed h-pawn shows its worth } 39... f3 40. h6 Kb6 41. Bc4 ( 41. h7 Qxf2 42. h8=Q Qe1+ 43. Kc2 Qe2+ 44. Kb3 Qb5+ $11 { perpetual check } ) 41... Bd6 42. Bd5 Qc8 43. Qe6 Qf8 ( 43... Qxe6 44. fxe6 Bf4+ 45. Kc2 Bxh6 46. e7 $18 ) 44. h7 Ka5 45. Bxf3 Qh6+ 46. Kc2 1-0
[Event "Goteborg"]
[Site "Geteborg"]
[Date "1955.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Bronstein"]
[Black "Medina"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "D36"]
[PlyCount "49"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 6. BRONSTEIN (Born 1924)  Like Botvinnik, Bronstein is at home in difficult
positions; the difference is that Bronstein will take far greater risks. From
the first move to the last his games are usually struggles in which he devotes
much of his time seeking original, creative lines of play. These are tactics
motivated not only by the idea of forcing his opponent into prolonged thought,
but also by his desire to win as brilliantly as possible.  This style has
something of Alekhine (his pawn sacrifices and his instinct fo breakthrough)
but also something of Tartakower (the best move is not necessarily the
strongest; preference may sometimes be given to a second best move in order to
confuse the opponent) } 1. d4 ( { Porreca-Bronstein, Belgrade 1954 } 1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 dxe4 4. Nxe4 Bf5 5. Ng3 Bg6 6. h4 h6 7. Nh3 Bh7 8. Bc4 Nf6 9. Nf4 Nbd7 10. O-O Qc7 11. Re1 Bg8 $3 { To eliminate the possibility of a sacrifice on e6 } ( 11... e6 { The sacrifice on e6 would hang over Black's hand like the sword of Damocles } ) ) 1... d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. cxd5 exd5 6. e3 c6 7. Bd3 Be7 8. Qc2 Nf8 ( 8... O-O 9. Nf3 Re8 10. O-O Nf8 11. Rab1 { White usually aims for the minority attack } ) 9. Nge2 ( 9. Nf3 { playing for the minority attack } 9... Ne6 10. Bh4 g6 11. O-O Ng7 12. b4 { Bronstein often avoids the routine path } ) 9... Ne6 10. Bh4 g6 { Now Black's plan has clarified: he intends ... Ng7, followed by ... Bf5, with
a strategically desirable exchange of the light squaredBishops } 11. O-O-O { Now the cards are on the table. Queenside castling usually foreshadows a pawn
storm on the other flank; here, however, it will become clear that this is an
exceptional position } 11... Ng7 12. f3 $1 { White prepares to activate his central pawn majority } 12... Nf5 ( 12... Bf5 13. e4 $1 ) 13. Bf2 Qa5 14. Kb1 Be6 15. h3 { White is in no hurry to advance in
the centre. If, for instance, Black now castles Kingside, White could obtain
excellent chances by 16. Pg4 } 15... O-O-O ( 15... O-O 16. g4 ) 16. e4 $1 Ng7 ( 16... dxe4 17. fxe4 Ng7 18. d5 { White opens a violent assault } ) 17. Bg3 { It is clear White has the initiative, and his procedure is characteristic.
First the bishop is placed where it is most active } 17... Nge8 18. Be5 Rf8 19. Nc1 { Suddenly the crisis arrives. White threatens to win the Black Queen with Nb3 } 19... dxe4 ( 19... -- 20. Nb3 ) 20. fxe4 Nd7 21. Bh2 Nb8 22. d5 $1 { Starting an overwhelming attack } 22... Bd7 ( 22... cxd5 23. Nb3 -- 24. Nxd5+ ) 23. Nb3 Qb6 ( 23... Qb4 24. a3 Qb6 ) 24. d6 $1 Bxd6 25. Nd5 { The Black Queen has no move } 1-0
[Event "Budapest"]
[Site "Budapest"]
[Date "1928.??.??"]
[Round "7"]
[White "Capablanca"]
[Black "Steiner"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "D67"]
[PlyCount "73"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 7. CAPABLANCA (1888-1942)  Capablanca was the possessor of a virtually
perfect technical style, but he was lazy, and had a degree of
self-satisfaction which made him incline towards superficiality. He had little
patience, and was seldom in the mood for hard work. Nevertheless, there was
real inspiration in his ability to forsee possible danger, and in the way he
could nip it in the bud long before it could amount to anything serious. As
might be expected of such a superb technician, he had a particularly fine
feeling for liquidation. All things considered, his was a style which tended
more to defence than aggression.  Capablanca had no faith in principles, but
only in good moves. Since he usually steered clear of trenchant lines of play
he developed primarily into a specialist in the playing of simple positions } 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 O-O 7. Rc1 c6 8. Bd3 dxc4 9. Bxc4 Nd5 10. Bxe7 Qxe7 11. O-O Nxc3 12. Rxc3 b6 13. Qc2 c5 { The play from this point is typical of Capablanca's methods } 14. dxc5 $1 ( 14. Bb5 cxd4 15. Nxd4 { but the move played is typical of Capablaca's methods } ) 14... Nxc5 15. b4 Na6 16. a3 Bb7 17. Bd3 g6 18. Rc1 { White's dominance of the
c-file gives him a big advantage. Black can't challenge the c-file } 18... Rad8 ( 18... Rac8 19. Rxc8 Rxc8 20. Qxc8+ Bxc8 21. Rxc8+ Kg7 22. Bxa6 $18 ) 19. Ne5 Qd6 20. f4 Nb8 21. Rc7 { Black's difficulties proved insuperable } 21... Ba8 22. Rxa7 Nc6 23. Rxa8 Nxe5 24. Rxd8 Rxd8 25. Be2 Qd2 26. Qxd2 Rxd2 27. Rc8+ Kg7 28. Kf1 Nd7 29. Rd8 Kf6 30. Bb5 Rd5 31. a4 Rxb5 32. axb5 Ke7 33. Rc8 e5 34. Rc6 e4 35. Ke2 f5 36. Kd2 Kf7 37. Kc3 1-0
[Event "Havana"]
[Site "Havana"]
[Date "1921.??.??"]
[Round "11"]
[White "Capablanca"]
[Black "Lasker"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "D63"]
[PlyCount "95"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ One of Capablanca's greatest performances } 1. d4 d5 2. Nf3 e6 3. c4 Nf6 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nc3 O-O 7. Rc1 Re8 { Playable, but the standard 7. ... Pc6 is more reliable } 8. Qc2 c6 9. Bd3 ( 9. a3 { But Capablanca usually chose the simplest way } ) 9... dxc4 10. Bxc4 Nd5 11. Bxe7 Rxe7 ( 11... Qxe7 12. O-O Nxc3 13. Qxc3 e5 ) 12. O-O Nf8 13. Rfd1 Bd7 14. e4 Nb6 $2 { More in keeping with the demands of the position would
have been the exchange on c3: in a cramped position, as we know, it is good to
seek exchange as many pieces as possible. Lasker was on the lookout for
complications, knowing, better than anyone, that once the position has been
simplified Capablanca would be at home like a fish in water } 15. Bf1 Rc8 16. b4 $1 { Restraining the freeing move ... Pc5 } 16... Be8 17. Qb3 Rec7 18. a4 Ng6 19. a5 Nd7 20. e5 $1 { Conceding Black the free use of d5, it is true, but
in return obtaining for himself the superb point d6 } 20... b6 21. Ne4 Rb8 22. Qc3 { A superficial move which allows Black to place his Knight on d5 with gain
of tempo } ( 22. Qa3 ) 22... Nf4 23. Nd6 Nd5 24. Qa3 f6 ( 24... Qe7 { Drawing a bead on White's b-pawn } ) 25. Nxe8 Qxe8 26. exf6 { This procedure
may be compared to that in the game against Steiner. Capablanca simplifies
while firmly maintaining the initiative } 26... gxf6 27. b5 Rbc8 28. bxc6 Rxc6 29. Rxc6 Rxc6 30. axb6 axb6 31. Re1 ( 31. Bb5 ) 31... Qc8 32. Nd2 Nf8 { Bolstering up the King's position } ( 32... Rc3 33. Qd6 Rc6 34. Qg3+ Kh8 35. Ne4 { White's attack is decisive } ) 33. Ne4 Qd8 34. h4 Rc7 ( 34... f5 35. Bb5 Rc7 36. Ng5 ) ( 34... h6 ) 35. Qb3 Rg7 36. g3 Ra7 37. Bc4 Ra5 38. Nc3 Nxc3 39. Qxc3 Kf7 40. Qe3 Qd6 41. Qe4 Ra4 42. Qb7+ Kg6 ( 42... Qe7 43. Qc6 Ra7 44. d5 $1 $18 ) 43. Qc8 Qb4 44. Rc1 Qe7 ( 44... Qa3 45. Bd3+ Qxd3 ( 45... Kh6 46. Rc7 ) ( 45... f5 46. Qe8+ Kh6 47. Re1 Ra8 48. Rxe6+ Nxe6 49. Qxe6+ Kg7 50. Qe5+ Kf7 51. Bc4+ Kg6 52. Qe6+ Kg7 53. Qf7+ Kh6 54. Qf6+ Kh5 55. Qg5# ) 46. Qe8+ ) 45. Bd3+ Kh6 ( 45... f5 46. Bxf5+ $1 Kxf5 ( 46... exf5 47. Qc6+ ) 47. Qc2+ ) 46. Rc7 Ra1+ 47. Kg2 Qd6 48. Qxf8+ $1 1-0
[Event "Nuremberg"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1896.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Charousek"]
[Black "Lasker"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "C33"]
[PlyCount "71"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 8. CHAROUSEK (1873-1900)  Charosek died young, and his immense talent never
was given a chance to fully ripen. It is said that as a schoolboy he found
Bilguer's great Handbuch in a public library and copied out the whole thousand
or so pages, memorizing much of it in the process. It is a strange story, but
this Hungarian was a strange figure. His handling of the openins, his feeling
for position and his flair for combination place him in the company of Morphy,
Pillsbury and Alekhine  Although he lived at a time when the gambits offered
fewer chances than had been the case in Morphy's day, he showed a marked
liking for gambit play. Charousek's prime lasted only about two years (1896-97)
. The last three years of his life were a losing battle with tuberculosis } 1. e4 e5 2. f4 exf4 3. Bc4 d5 4. Bxd5 Qh4+ 5. Kf1 g5 6. Nf3 Qh5 7. h4 Bg7 { Black's treatment of White's opening shows clearly why the gambits went out of
fashion at the end of the last centure: Black has promptly returned the pawn
in order to be able to develop his pieces } 8. Nc3 c6 9. Bc4 Bg4 10. d4 Nd7 ( 10... h6 { Maroczy } ) 11. Kf2 $1 Bxf3 12. gxf3 O-O-O 13. hxg5 Qxg5 14. Ne2 { Winning the f-pawn. Black's only chance now is to make something out of
the insecurity of White's King position } 14... Qe7 15. c3 Ne5 16. Qa4 Nxc4 17. Qxc4 Nf6 18. Bxf4 Nd7 19. Qa4 a6 20. Qa5 Nf8 21. Ng3 { Charousek keeps a firm grip on the game } 21... Ne6 22. Nf5 Qf8 23. Bg3 Rd7 ( 23... Bf6 24. d5 cxd5 25. exd5 Qc5+ 26. Qxc5+ Nxc5 27. Nd6+ $18 ) 24. Nxg7 Qxg7 25. Qe5 Qxe5 26. Bxe5 f6 27. Bxf6 Rf8 28. Rh6 Nf4 29. Ke3 Ng2+ 30. Kd2 Rdf7 31. e5 Nf4 32. Rah1 { White wins without difficulty. This game - against the
reigning world champion and the winner of the tournament - must have given
Charousek great satisfaction } 32... Rg8 33. c4 Ne6 34. Ke3 Nf8 35. d5 Rd7 36. e6 1-0
[Event "Beverwijk"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1963.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "O'Kelly"]
[Black "Donner"]
[Result "0-1"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "D55"]
[PlyCount "86"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 10. DONNER (1927-1988)  In many ways the style of Donner calls to mind that
of Capablanca, especially as regards to his handling of simple positions and
his methods of liquidating.  There are points of dissimilarity, however.
Donner was better acquainted with the openings; however, his endgame technique
lacked the refinement of Capablanca's. Also his results showed much more
fluctuation than that of the great Cuban in his day  The following game might
well have been played by Capablanca } 1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. d4 Be7 5. Bg5 O-O 6. e3 b6 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Bxe7 Qxe7 9. Nxd5 exd5 10. Bd3 c5 11. dxc5 bxc5 { Black has acquired hanging pawns - a centre formation we discussed
at some length in Chapter 20 (Book 1) } 12. Qc2 g6 13. Rc1 ( 13. O-O { safer } ) 13... Na6 $1 14. a3 ( 14. Bxa6 Bxa6 15. Qxc5 Qb7 { White, being unable to castle, finds his King wide open to a dangerous attack } 16. Qd4 Qb5 17. Qd2 Rac8 $40 ) 14... c4 $1 15. Be2 Bf5 16. Qc3 Nc5 17. Nd4 ( 17. b4 $2 cxb3 $1 18. Qxc5 b2 $1 ) 17... Nd3+ 18. Bxd3 Bxd3 19. Nc6 Qe4 20. Qe5 Rfe8 $1 ( 20... -- 21. Ne7# { so forcing off the Queens } ) 21. Qxe4 dxe4 22. Rc3 a5 $1 23. a4 ( 23. b3 Rac8 24. Nxa5 cxb3 25. Rxc8 Rxc8 26. Nxb3 Rc3 $1 ) 23... Ra6 24. Nd4 Rb6 25. Nb5 Re5 26. Ra3 { Providing an answer to the threatened sacrifice of Rook for Knight and pawn } 26... h5 $1 ( 26... Rexb5 27. axb5 Rxb5 28. Ra2 Bb1 29. Ra1 Rxb2 30. O-O Bd3 31. Rfc1 -- 32. Rc3 -- 33. Rca3 ) 27. h4 Rf5 28. g3 ( 28. -- Rbf6 ) 28... Kg7 29. Rh2 Kf6 30. Kd2 ( 30. b3 cxb3 31. Rxb3 Bxb5 32. Rxb5 Rfxb5 33. axb5 Rxb5 $19 ) 30... Ke5 31. b3 Rbf6 32. Ke1 Kd5 33. Nd4 ( 33. bxc4+ Kxc4 { The Black King forces decisive entry into White's position } ) 33... c3 $3 { Worthily crowning this game with a fine Exchange sacrifice } 34. Nxf5 Rxf5 35. Ra1 Kc5 36. Rd1 Rd5 ( 36... Kb4 37. f4 ) 37. f4 exf3 38. Rf2 Be2 $1 39. Rxd5+ Kxd5 40. Rxe2 fxe2 41. Kxe2 Ke4 42. b4 axb4 43. a5 { the pawn ending is well and truly lost } 43... Kd5 $19 0-1
[Event "San Sebastian"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1912.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Teichmann"]
[Black "Duras"]
[Result "0-1"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "A50"]
[PlyCount "122"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 11. DURAS (1882-1957)  The Czech grandmaster was outstanding as a practical
player. From the combinative viewpoint he was very stron; from the positional
point of view he was less strong. This, of course, could be said of many
players, but what particularly distinguised Duras was his ingenuity in bad
positions. Only when his situation became critical did he really begin to play.
Then all his fighting instinct was aroused and the idea of having a lost game
rarely entered his head  The consequence was that many a game which others
might have resigned he miraculously saved } 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb7 4. Nf3 d5 { Black's opening play was nothing less than revolutionary when it
was played. No one would have expected that it would one day become
respectable as the Queen's Indian. At this point, however, we know that 4. ...
Pe6 is the more appropriate choice } ( 4... e6 ) 5. cxd5 Nxd5 6. e3 e6 7. Bb5+ c6 8. Bd3 Bd6 9. O-O Nd7 10. Ne4 Bc7 11. Bd2 O-O 12. Rc1 e5 13. Ng3 exd4 14. exd4 Nf4 $2 { Duras is well on the way to overcoming his opening
difficulties, but now, instead of seeking further simplification he plays
optimistically for the attack } ( 14... c5 { seeking further simplification } ) 15. Be4 Rc8 16. Qa4 ( 16. Bxc6 Ba6 17. Re1 ( 17. Bxf4 Bxf4 { winning the exchange } ) 17... Nd3 ) 16... Nb8 17. Rfe1 ( 17. Bf5 Ba6 { All the time Black works with tactical finesses } ) 17... a5 18. Qc2 g6 19. Rcd1 Nd5 20. Bg5 Qd6 21. Qd2 ( 21. Bxd5 Qxd5 22. Ne4 { tournament book } ) 21... f6 22. Bh6 Rf7 23. Bc2 Nd7 24. a3 Nf8 25. Bb3 Rd8 26. Qc2 Bc8 27. Rc1 Bb7 28. Ne4 { Now it is clear that White has the better game. } ( 28. Ba4 { to force the weakening ... Pb5 } ) 28... Qd7 29. Ba4 Rc8 { Again c6 is defended indirectly } 30. Nc3 $1 ( 30. Bxc6 Bxc6 31. Qxc6 Bxh2+ { this would not have been possible if White had not played Ne4 } ) 30... Qg4 ( 30... -- 31. Nxd5 Qxd5 32. Bb3 ) 31. Nxd5 cxd5 32. Be8 $1 { White's advantage has assumed decisive proportions } 32... Bf4 33. Bxf7+ Kxf7 34. Qe2 Bxh6 ( 34... -- 35. Qe7+ ( 35. Ne5+ ) ) 35. Ne5+ fxe5 36. Qxg4 Bxc1 37. dxe5 $2 ( 37. Rxe5 { White could have forced a win according to the tournament booklet } ) 37... Bxb2 38. h4 Ke8 39. Rb1 Rc4 40. Qg5 Bd4 41. Rd1 ( 41. Rb3 ) 41... Bc5 42. Rd2 Bxa3 43. Qf6 Rc6 44. Qg7 Be7 45. Rd3 a4 46. Rf3 Ne6 47. Qxh7 a3 48. Rf7 { A last dangerous attemot; but the Black a-pawn is too far advanced } 48... Rc7 49. Qxg6 a2 $1 50. Qxe6 a1=Q+ 51. Kh2 Qa4 52. f4 Qc6 53. Qf5 Qh6 54. Rh7 Qf8 55. Qg6+ Kd8 56. Rf7 Qh8 57. h5 Rc6 58. Rh7 ( 58. e6 $2 Rxe6 $1 59. Qxe6 Qxh5+ $1 ) 58... Qf8 59. Qg4 Bc8 60. Qf3 Qg8 61. Qd3 Bd7 { The miracle has happened } 0-1
[Event "NED Wch-m (29)"]
[Site "NED Wch-m (29)"]
[Date "1935.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Alekhine"]
[Black "Euwe"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "B05"]
[PlyCount "100"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 12. EUWE (1910-1981)  One of the authors of this book would have preferred
not to include this section dealing with himself, but tthe other one insisted,
and there was no way out of it. However, we make no attempt at a stylistic
analysis, but content ourselves with a game - one in which Euwe is seen
fighting Alekhine with one of his own weapson, namely Alekhine's Defence. On
principle this is good policy, but naturally opportunities are not frequent.
The counter-gambit pricniple in the openings is based on the same idea eg.
Falkbeer: 1. Pe4 Pe5 2. Pf4 Pd5 } 1. e4 Nf6 2. e5 Nd5 3. d4 d6 4. c4 Nb6 5. Nf3 Bg4 6. Be2 dxe5 7. c5 e4 8. cxb6 exf3 9. Bxf3 Bxf3 10. Qxf3 { White is ahead
in development, but also has the weaker pawn structure since the isolated
d-pawn may become a liability  Black's move choice is more difficult than one
might suppose. In view of the above considerations, Black sought freedom in a
pawn sacrifice. } 10... axb6 ( 10... Nc6 { One temptind idea to attack the d-pawn at once } 11. O-O $1 { Whie would simply let the d-pawn go } 11... Nxd4 $2 ( 11... axb6 12. d5 { excellent attacking chances } ) ( 11... e6 { simplest } ) 12. Qxb7 ) ( 10... c6 11. bxa7 Rxa7 12. O-O { leaves Black passively placed } ) 11. Qxb7 Nd7 12. Bf4 e5 $1 { The point } 13. Bxe5 Nxe5 14. dxe5 Bb4+ 15. Nc3 Bxc3+ 16. bxc3 O-O 17. O-O Qe7 { The situation is completely reversed: the pawn sacrifice has
produced an almost forced liquidation, removing all the minor pieces from the
board. Black now has a slight pull in development, and White's weak pawns are
ready made targets } 18. Rfe1 Qc5 19. Re3 Ra3 20. Qf3 Re8 $2 { After this Black has problems } ( 20... Qc4 $1 { Black could have recovered his pawn with immediate equality } ) 21. h3 $1 Ra5 ( 21... Rxe5 22. Rd1 h6 23. Rd7 { White is attacking again } ) 22. Rd1 Qe7 23. Qc6 $1 Rc5 ( 23... -- 24. Rd7 ) ( 23... Rxe5 24. Qxe8+ $1 Qxe8 25. Rxe5 -- 26. Red5 $18 ) 24. Qd7 g6 25. f4 Rc4 26. Qxe7 Rxe7 27. Rd4 Rc5 28. Kf2 c6 29. a4 Ra7 30. Rb4 b5 31. axb5 cxb5 32. Kf3 Rac7 ( 32... Ra3 { Black could
force an ending with three pawns against four, but under circumstance
favourable to White. Black therefore decides to keep the Rooks on the board } ) 33. Rb3 Kf8 34. g4 ( 34. Kg4 { Making things difficult for Black } ) 34... Ke7 35. f5 $2 gxf5 36. gxf5 f6 $1 { This leads to the win of a pawn } 37. Kf4 fxe5+ 38. Rxe5+ Rxe5 39. Kxe5 Rc5+ 40. Ke4 Kf6 41. Ra3 Rc4+ 42. Kd3 Rh4 43. Rb3 Kxf5 44. Rxb5+ Ke6 45. c4 Rxh3+ 46. Kd4 Kd6 47. Rb6+ Kc7 48. Rf6 Rh5 49. Kc3 Kb7 50. Kb4 Kc7 1/2-1/2
[Event "Margate"]
[Site "Margate"]
[Date "1937.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Fine"]
[Black "Alekhine"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "A90"]
[PlyCount "119"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 13. FINE (1914-1993)  The style of Grandmaster Fine is best described as
technically very good, but for the rest, relatively neutral. The truth is that
he handled all sorts of positions well, without showing definite preference
for any. His style was polished, his games streamlined. After the war Fine
virtually withdrew from competitive chess. Here is a game in which he
demonstrates the style which perhaps fitted his termperament best } 1. d4 e6 2. c4 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Bb4+ 5. Bd2 Be7 6. Nc3 Nc6 { With this move, the
object of which is to induce complications, Alekhine had varying success. In
this game Fine demonstrates its drawbacks } 7. d5 $1 Ne5 8. Qb3 O-O 9. Nh3 Ng6 10. dxe6 dxe6 11. Rd1 ( 11. Bxb7 Bxb7 12. Qxb7 Rb8 13. Qxa7 Rxb2 $132 ) 11... c6 12. O-O e5 $5 ( 12... Kh8 ) 13. c5+ Kh8 14. Ng5 Qe8 15. Ne6 Bxe6 16. Qxe6 Bxc5 ( 16... Qc8 17. Qxc8 Raxc8 18. Bh3 { White's two bishops give him a clear advantage in the endgame } ) 17. Qxf5 { From a positional point of view, White has won the first round: he has the two
Bishops and the better pawn structure } 17... Rd8 18. Qc2 Qe6 19. Na4 Be7 20. a3 Rd4 21. h3 ( 21. Nc5 Bxc5 22. Qxc5 Rfd8 23. Qc2 Qd7 { Black wins a piece } ) 21... b5 { Black thinks he can go over to the offensive,
but this move only weakens his pawn structure even more } 22. Nc3 a5 23. Be3 Rxd1 24. Rxd1 b4 ( 24... Rd8 ) 25. axb4 axb4 26. Na4 Nd5 27. Bc5 Qf7 28. e3 Rc8 29. Qc4 $1 Qf8 ( 29... -- 30. e4 ) ( 29... Rf8 30. Rd2 ) ( 29... Bxc5 30. Nxc5 Rf8 31. Rd2 { A pawn is bound to fall } ) 30. Bxe7 Ngxe7 31. e4 Nf6 32. Qxb4 Rd8 33. Rxd8 Qxd8 34. Nc5 Qd6 35. Qc3 h6 36. Nd3 Nd7 37. h4 Ng6 38. Bh3 Ngf8 39. b4 h5 40. Nc5 Nf6 41. Qc4 Qe7 42. Nb3 $1 { The familiar maneuvering principle. The
e-pawn has been kept under pressure as long as possible; now White switches
his attention to Black's other weakness, the c-pawn } 42... Qd6 43. Na5 Qd2 44. Nxc6 Qe1+ 45. Bf1 Nxe4 46. Qe2 { This settles it. The finish was: } 46... Qxe2 47. Bxe2 g6 48. Nxe5 Nc3 49. Bd3 Kg7 50. f4 Nd5 51. b5 Kf6 52. Kf2 Nb6 53. Ke3 Na4 54. Kd4 Ne6+ 55. Kd5 Nc7+ 56. Kc6 Ne6 57. b6 Nd8+ 58. Kd7 Ne6 59. b7 Nac5+ 60. Kc8 1-0
[Event "New York"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1962.??.??"]
[Round "5"]
[White "Fischer"]
[Black "Reshevsky"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "B90"]
[PlyCount "107"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ FISCHER (Born 1943)  Usually the style of a chessmaster has to grow; it may
take years before one may speak of any style at all. As a rule the young
player begins with pure combination, and then in the course of time finds that
he must add water to win. He learns the methods of positional play, and
develops endgame technique.  It is quite possible to begin as a combinative
player - a tactician - and yet in maturing to acquire an out-and-out
positional style of play.  The exceptional Grandmaster Fischer, however, is
another and almost unique story in modern chess. At the age of twenty he
already possessed a fully rounded style. He is both tactician and strategist,
an openings expert without peer, and a virtuoso of the endgame.  The following
game against Reshevsky is a good example of his super-class, technical style } 1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6. h3 g6 7. g4 Bg7 8. g5 Nh5 9. Be2 e5 10. Nb3 Nf4 11. Nd5 Nxd5 ( 11... O-O 12. Nxf4 exf4 13. Bxf4 Bxb2 14. Bxd6 ) 12. Qxd5 Nc6 13. Bg4 Bxg4 ( 13... Qe7 14. -- Be6 ) 14. hxg4 Qc8 15. Qd1 Nd4 16. c3 Nxb3 17. axb3 Qe6 18. Ra5 f6 19. Qd5 $1 Qxd5 ( 19... Qxg4 20. Qxb7 O-O 21. gxf6 $1 ) 20. Rxd5 Kd7 21. gxf6 Bxf6 22. g5 $1 Be7 ( 22... Bg7 23. Rd3 -- 24. Rdh3 { winning the h-pawn } ) 23. Ke2 Raf8 24. Be3 Rc8 25. b4 { Intending in due course to dissolve his doubled pawn by Pb5,
and saddle Black with a weak pawn on the Queenside } 25... b5 { This should be
avoided if possible. Black now has three vulnerbla points - a6, d6 and h7. How
to profit from a situation like this was the subject of "Technique of
Maneuvering". The present game prettily supplements the examples there given } 26. Rdd1 $1 Ke6 27. Ra1 Rc6 28. Rh3 { threatening to win the h-pawn } 28... Bf8 ( 28... -- 29. Rah1 ) 29. Rah1 Rc7 30. Rh4 $1 { Putting Black in a state of zugzwang } 30... d5 ( 30... Rc4 31. f3 Rc7 32. R4h3 $1 ) 31. Ra1 Rc6 ( 31... dxe4 32. Rxa6+ Kf5 ( 32... Kd5 33. Rxg6 { loses a pawn } ) 33. Rf6# ) 32. exd5+ Kxd5 33. Rd1+ Ke6 34. Rd8 Kf5 ( 34... -- 35. Re8+ Kf5 36. Rxe5+ Kxe5 37. Bd4+ Kf5 38. Bxh8 Kxg5 39. Rxh7 ) 35. Ra8 Re6 36. Rh3 Bg7 ( 36... -- 37. Rf3+ ) ( 36... Kg4 37. Rg3+ Kh4 38. Rf3 Bg7 39. Ra7 Rg8 40. Rd7 $1 { Black is in a mating net } ) 37. Rxh8 Bxh8 38. Rxh7 Re8 39. Rf7+ Kg4 ( 39... Ke4 ) ( 39... Ke6 40. Ra7 $18 ) 40. f3+ Kg3 41. Kd3 { An aethestic flaw } ( 41. Kf1 -- ( 41... Kh4 42. Kg2 ) 42. Bf2+ Kh3 43. Rh7# ) 41... e4+ 42. fxe4 Rd8+ 43. Bd4 Kg4 44. Rf1 Be5 ( 44... Kxg5 45. Rg1+ Kf4 46. Rxg6 ) 45. Ke3 Bc7 46. Rg1+ Kh5 47. Kf3 Rd7 48. e5 Rf7+ 49. Ke4 Rf5 50. e6 Bd8 51. Bf6 Bxf6 52. gxf6 Rxf6 53. Ke5 Rf2 54. Re1 1-0
[Event "Beverwijk"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1960.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Flohr"]
[Black "Donner"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "A37"]
[PlyCount "57"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 15. FLOHR (1908-1983)  Flohr was a player of splendid positional style. He
would hold on to the tiniest of advantages and exploit them with infinite
patience and accuracy; but he was also a formidable tactician - in particular
in his early years. About 1936 his style began to take on a defenisve cast,
and this was the main reason why this Grandmaster never became a serious
threat to Alekhine.  Here is a fine example of Flohr's positional and tactical
powers. } 1. Nf3 c5 2. c4 Nc6 3. g3 g6 4. Bg2 Bg7 5. O-O a6 6. Nc3 Rb8 { Preparing the advance ... Pb5, the object of which is to enhance the action of
the Bg7 on the long diagonal } 7. d3 b5 8. cxb5 axb5 9. Be3 { Black's Queenside
action has been rather premature, and its disadvantages begin to appear } 9... Nd4 ( 9... d6 10. d4 ) 10. Rc1 d6 ( 10... e6 { To deprive White of his control of d5 } ) 11. Bxd4 cxd4 12. Nd5 e6 13. Nb4 $1 { Blocking the b-pawn. Black's Queenside attack has only weakened his position
there } 13... Ne7 14. Qc2 Bh6 $2 { The idea is to expel White's Rook
from the c-file; but Black's best hope of keeping his disadvantage to a
minimum would have been 0-0 } ( 14... O-O 15. Qc7 Bb7 ) 15. Nxd4 $1 Bxc1 16. Ndc6 Nxc6 17. Nxc6 Qc7 18. Qc3 $1 { This it the point of White's 15th move } 18... O-O ( 18... Bxb2 19. Qxb2 O-O 20. Nxb8 Qxb8 21. Bc6 b4 22. Ba4 -- 23. Rb1 { winning the b-pawn } ) 19. Nxb8 Qxc3 20. bxc3 Bd2 21. Rb1 Bb7 $1 { The best counterchance } 22. Nd7 $1 ( 22. Bxb7 Rxb8 23. Rxb5 Bxc3 { opposite coloured Bishops give Black drawing chances } ) 22... Bxg2 23. Kxg2 ( 23. Nxf8 Bc6 { The Knight has no escape } ) 23... Ra8 24. Rxb5 Ra7 ( 24... Rxa2 25. Nf6+ Kg7 ( 25... Kf8 26. c4 { White's technical problem is not difficult } ) 26. Ne8+ Kf8 27. Nxd6 Bxc3 28. Rb7 Rxe2 29. Rxf7+ Kg8 ) 25. Nf6+ Kg7 26. Ne8+ Kf8 27. Nxd6 Bxc3 ( 27... Rxa2 28. Rb7 ) 28. Rb8+ Kg7 29. Nb5 1-0
[Event "Los Angeles"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1923.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Gligoric"]
[Black "Petrosian"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "C95"]
[PlyCount "85"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ GLIGORIC (Born 1923)  Grandmaster Gligoric's style is reminiscent of
Capablanca, Fine and Flohr. In addition to his highly developed feeling for
slight advantages and his excellent endgame skills, he has a very durable,
tenacious temperament. His skill in holding on firmly to a positional
advantage through all sorts of complications has made him a formidable
opponent for even elite players of the world. It is very appropriate,
therefore, that he was the first player to defeat Petrosian after he won the
World Championship } 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d6 9. h3 Nb8 { This variation has been tried
repeatedly since the Second World War. The principle however is far from new:
Steinitz frequently withdrew developed pieces to the back rank in order to
redeploy them more effectively later } 10. d4 Nbd7 11. c4 c6 12. c5 $1 Qc7 13. cxd6 Bxd6 14. Bg5 exd4 $5 { This raises a question which is
perpetually debated: which is more important - active play for the pieces, or
disruption of the pawn position? Here Black voluntarily permits the doubling
of his f-pawn } 15. Bxf6 gxf6 16. Nxd4 Nc5 17. Nf5 Bxf5 18. exf5 Rad8 19. Qh5 Be5 { The critical moment. Black's pieces are active, and by 20. ... Pb4
he could have put considerable difficulties in the way of White's development } 20. Nc3 ( 20. -- b4 21. Qe2 Bf4 ) 20... Rd4 21. Re3 Bf4 22. Re2 Bd2 23. Nd1 Bg5 24. g3 Qd6 25. Ne3 Bxe3 { Black cannot allow this Knight to come nosing into his weakened King position } 26. Rxe3 Kg7 27. Bc2 Qd5 28. a3 Rd2 29. Qg4+ Kh8 30. Rd1 $1 { Forcing Black
into an endgame in which the activity of his pieces will count for less, while
the weakness of his pawns will be accentuated } 30... Rxd1+ 31. Qxd1 Qxd1+ 32. Bxd1 Rd8 33. Bf3 Rd3 { Black must play an active game } ( 33... Rd6 34. Rc3 Na4 35. Rc2 c5 36. b3 { Black would have completely no counterplay } ) 34. Re8+ Kg7 35. Bxc6 Rb3 36. Re7 Rxb2 37. Bd5 Kh6 38. Bxf7 Kg5 39. Be6 $1 { And now, although nearly all the pieces have disappeared, White is threatening
mate: } 39... Nxe6 ( 39... -- 40. f4+ Kh6 41. Bg8 ) 40. fxe6 Kf5 41. Rxh7 Kxe6 42. Ra7 Ra2 43. Rxa6+ 1-0
[Event "New York"]
[Site "New York"]
[Date "1918.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Janowsky"]
[Black "Chajes"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "D53"]
[PlyCount "49"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 17. JANOWSKY (1860-1927)  Janowsky was universally feared when he was on the
attack; he produced many sparkling gems of combinative play. He had some
conspicuous shortcomings, the most serious of which was his lack of
self-control and self-criticism.  He always played to win, even when there was
no justification for so doing, and this was often the very reason he lost. he
was a typical "natural" player, with a fine instinct for the position but no
knowledge of theoretical niceties.  He never shrank from any kind of
complications, and never knew the meaning of fear } 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Bg5 Nbd7 5. e3 Be7 6. Nf3 dxc4 7. Bxc4 a6 8. O-O b5 9. Bd3 c5 10. Qe2 Bb7 11. Rfd1 { Janowsky played the opening entirely without finesse, bring his
pieces into play in the customary manner } 11... Qb6 12. Rac1 O-O 13. Ne5 { Threatens Nxd7 } 13... Rfe8 ( 13... Nxe5 14. dxe5 Nd5 15. Nxd5 exd5 16. Bxe7 ) 14. dxc5 Nxc5 15. Bxf6 Bxf6 16. Bxh7+ $1 { The classic sacrifice on h7 again } 16... Kxh7 17. Qh5+ Kg8 18. Qxf7+ Kh7 19. Nd7 Nxd7 20. Rxd7 Bc6 21. Ne4 $1 { The brilliant point of White's combination } 21... Bxb2 ( 21... Bxe4 22. Qxf6 Rg8 23. Qh4+ Kg6 24. Qxe4+ $18 ) ( 21... Bxd7 22. Nxf6+ $18 ) 22. Ng5+ Kh6 ( 22... Kh8 23. Qh5+ Kg8 24. Qh7+ Kf8 25. Rf7# ) 23. g4 $1 g6 ( 23... Kxg5 24. Qh5+ Kf6 25. Rf7# ) 24. h4 Rh8 25. Qh7+ $1 1-0
[Event "Corr"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1934.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Keres"]
[Black "Laurentius"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "C02"]
[PlyCount "53"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 18. KERES (1916-1975)  The Estonian Grandmaster keres was a richly
imaginative player in his youth - but not only in his youth: in his maturity
the same description held good.  The difference is that in his early days his
temperament ran head of his technique, so that sometimes his methods were too
risky and his combinations not sound. in his later years kereds matured into a
complete positional player, while acquiring a perfect knowledgeo f the
openings. Add to this fact that he had reached great heights in the endgame
and we see Keres as the possesor of the ideal style.  Keres himself considered
that combinative play best suited his personality. His great skill in dealing
with complications was developed largely through correspondence play. In his
postal games his one aim was to build up the tension, and he used to steer for
complications right from the start. However, experience taught him that in the
end the accumulation of small advantages pays better than always going for the
attack at all costs.  Our illustration is one of his earliest games } 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. e5 { This used to be a favourite weapon of Keres agains the French Defence } 3... c5 4. Nf3 Qb6 5. Bd3 $5 cxd4 6. O-O Nc6 { This obvious move is not best } ( 6... Nd7 { Reserving c6 for the other Knight } ) 7. Nbd2 Nge7 ( 7... f6 $1 ) 8. Nb3 Ng6 9. Qe2 Qc7 10. Nbxd4 $1 Ngxe5 11. Nb5 $1 Nxf3+ 12. Qxf3 Qd7 { This strange looking move aims to keep
the possibility of playing ... Qf7 later and reserving ... Kd8 } ( 12... Qd8 13. Bf4 e5 14. Rfe1 f6 15. Qh5+ Ke7 ) 13. Bf4 e5 14. Rfe1 f6 15. Rad1 $1 { A very fine move, powerfully completing White's development } 15... Be7 ( 15... a6 16. Qh5+ Kd8 17. Be4 axb5 18. Rxd5 exf4 19. Red1 $1 { After which Black can at least defend himself better than in the game } ) 16. Bc4 $1 d4 17. Be6 $1 Qd8 18. Bxe5 $1 { Keres in his element } 18... Bxe6 ( 18... fxe5 19. Qf7# ) ( 18... Nxe5 19. Rxe5 Bxe6 20. Rxe6 { Black's defence is cracked } ) 19. Nc7+ Kf7 20. Nxe6 { Since the Knight can't be
taken because of 21. Bc7+ White has recoverd all of his material, and in view
of Blac's insecure King, the game is as good as over. But Keres still has some
pretty points to show us } 20... Qa5 21. Bxd4 Qxa2 22. Bxf6 $3 Bxf6 ( 22... gxf6 23. Qh5+ Kg8 24. Qg4+ Kf7 25. Qg7+ Ke8 26. Nc7# ) 23. Rd7+ Ne7 ( 23... Kg8 24. Qxf6 $1 gxf6 25. Rg7# ) ( 23... Ke8 24. Rxb7 $1 ) ( 23... Kg6 24. Rxg7+ Bxg7 25. Qg4+ Kf7 26. Qxg7+ Ke8 27. Nc5+ Kd8 28. Qd7# ) 24. Rxe7+ Kxe7 25. Qxb7+ Kd6 ( 25... Ke8 26. Ng5+ Kd8 27. Rd1+ Ke8 28. Qxa8+ Ke7 29. Qb7+ Ke8 30. Qc8+ Ke7 31. Rd7# ) 26. Qc7+ Kd5 27. Qc5# 1-0
[Event "Paris"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1900.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Maroczy"]
[Black "Marco"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "C80"]
[PlyCount "93"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 20. MAROCZY (1870-1951)  There was very little fantasy in the make-up of the
Hungarian Grandmaster Maroczy, but he had a truly exceptional positional
instinct, and inexhaustible patience. He was a precision player, who combined
healty ambition with perfect technique. He collected small advantages and knew
well how to turn them to account at the right moment. One could call his style
"cumulative".  He chose quiet openings, was an ingenious defender and a fine
exponent of the endgame. His Queen endings in particular were models of
endgame technique. In the matter of style Maroczy may be considered a disciple
of Steinitz and a forerunner of Rubinstein } 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. a4 Rb8 ( 8... Nxd4 { This move was not known when the game was played } ) 9. axb5 axb5 10. dxe5 Be6 11. c3 Bc5 12. Nbd2 O-O 13. Bc2 Nxd2 14. Qxd2 Qd7 15. b4 Be7 { The Bishop can't be spared from the defence of the Kingside } ( 15... Bb6 16. Qd3 g6 17. Bg5 Bf5 18. Qd2 Bxc2 19. Bf6 $1 { White's attack would be rapidly decisive } ) 16. Re1 f6 17. Qd3 g6 18. Bh6 Rfe8 19. Bb3 fxe5 20. Nxe5 Nxe5 21. Rxe5 c6 22. Ree1 { White has obtained a slight
but persistenet advantage in his potentially mobile Kingside majority, while
Black's Queenside majority is more or less static } 22... Bf6 23. Be3 Bf5 24. Qd2 Ra8 25. h3 Rxa1 26. Rxa1 Qe6 27. Bd4 Bxd4 28. Qxd4 Qe5 29. Qc5 { The exchang
e of Queens promises nothing so long as Black can control the e-file with his
Rook } 29... Qe6 30. Rd1 $5 ( 30. Ra6 Qe1+ 31. Kh2 Qe5+ 32. g3 Bd7 33. Rxc6 $1 Bxc6 34. Qxc6 { promising } ) 30... Kg7 31. Ra1 Re7 32. Qd4+ Qf6 33. Ra7 Rxa7 34. Qxa7+ Qf7 { Natural but bad. Black should have kept Queens on
the board, as now he gets a losing ending } 35. Qxf7+ Kxf7 { White's advant
age is twofold: he has the good Bishop and an active pawn majority on the
Kingside  Black's corresponding majority on the Queenside is of far less value,
as the pawns are practically blocked } 36. g4 Be4 37. f4 Ke6 38. Kf2 Kd6 39. Ke3 c5 { Otherwise White plays Kd4, fixing the Black majority once for all } ( 39... -- 40. Kd4 ) 40. Bd1 Bb1 41. Be2 d4+ ( 41... Kc6 42. Bd3 Ba2 43. bxc5 $18 ) 42. cxd4 cxb4 43. Bxb5 b3 44. Bd3 Ba2 ( 44... Bxd3 45. Kxd3 b2 46. Kc2 Kd5 47. f5 $1 $18 ) 45. Bc4 h5 46. f5 gxf5 47. g5 $1 1-0
[Event "Bad Kissingen"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1928.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Nimzowitsch"]
[Black "Marshall"]
[Result "0-1"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "A50"]
[PlyCount "54"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 21. MARSHALL (1877-1945)  The name of Marshall is inseparbly linked with the
idea of attack - just like those of Anderssen and Spielmann. Marshall was a
great tactician, and not usually over concerned about strategic niceties; a
common circumstance with "natural" players. Sometimes his insistence on
forcing an attacking position was his downfall. The public found his style
attactive, if a little naive. He knew little about theory, and was weak from
the point of view of technique.  Yet, in spite of all this, his enterprising
methods and the shrewdness of his ideas made him a dangerous opponent for
anyone. } 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 b6 3. Nc3 Bb7 4. Bg5 e6 5. Qc2 h6 6. Bh4 Be7 7. e4 O-O 8. e5 ( 8. Bd3 Nc6 ) ( 8. f3 ) ( 8. Nf3 ) 8... Nd5 $1 9. Bg3 ( 9. Bxe7 ) 9... Nb4 10. Qb3 d5 11. exd6 Bxd6 12. O-O-O { Here the White King soond finds himself in
the crossfire of Black's pieces; but the weakness on his d4 leaves him little
choice } 12... N8c6 13. Bxd6 Qxd6 14. a3 Nxd4 $1 { Marshall reveled in this sort of position } 15. Rxd4 ( 15. Qxb4 c5 16. Qa4 Bc6 17. Qa6 ( 17. Nb5 Qf4+ 18. Kb1 Nxb5 ) 17... Qf4+ 18. Kb1 Qxf2 $19 { a quick win for Black } ) 15... Qxd4 16. axb4 Qxf2 17. Qd1 Rfd8 18. Qe2 Qf4+ 19. Kc2 a5 $1 { Mobilizing the Ra8 } 20. bxa5 ( 20. b5 a4 ) 20... Rxa5 21. Nf3 Ra1 22. Kb3 b5 { The White King's wall of pawns is being annihilated } 23. Qe5 ( 23. cxb5 Bd5+ 24. Nxd5 Qa4+ 25. Kc3 Rxd5 ) ( 23. Nxb5 Be4 24. -- c6 ) 23... bxc4+ 24. Kb4 Qc1 25. Nb5 c5+ { Closing the mating net } 26. Qxc5 Qxb2+ 27. Kxc4 Ra4+ 0-1
[Event "Paris"]
[Site "Paris"]
[Date "1863.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Morphy"]
[Black "De Riviere"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "C53"]
[PlyCount "69"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 22. MORPHY (1837-1884)  Many people consider Morphy to be the greatest
combinative player of all time. But Morphy owed his remarkable achievements
not only to his admittedly tremendous combinative talents, but also to the
fact that he was the first perfect positional player - in so far as one can
speak of perfection in a human being. Moreover, he had excellent technique. 
 In the maturity of his positional insight, Morphy was half a century ahead of
his time. While other racked their brains for the right procedure, Morphy
simply knew what to do. Unlike his contemporaries who played for complications
on the off chance of finding something, he struck only when the position was
ripe. When he did strike, the blow was hard and often settled the game
outright } 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. c3 Qe7 { At the time when
this game was played Morphy had already withdrawn from public chess. Anrous de
Rivier was his personal friend and they played occasionally to investigate
particular variations } 5. d4 Bb6 6. O-O d6 7. h3 { Even today this move,
which prevents Black from pinning the Knight, is still considered necessary to
maintain the central tension as long as possible. } ( 7. a4 a6 8. h3 { now considered the most precise } ) 7... Nf6 8. Re1 h6 { To prevent White from playing Bg5, a move which isn't a threat } ( 8... O-O 9. b4 Nd8 { Spielmann } ) 9. a4 a5 { weakens b5 } ( 9... a6 10. b4 O-O 11. Ba3 Nd7 12. b5 Nd8 13. Nbd2 Qf6 { Spielmann-Eliskases, match, 1936 } ) 10. Na3 { Morphy always brought every piece into play as quickly as possible. To play
the same piece twice in the opening was a breach of principle. Only under the
influence of such players as Reti and Breyer, about 1920, was it realized that
in some cases it can be good. The present position is such a case: White could
obtain a definitie advantage with 10. Bb5! } ( 10. Bb5 $1 Bd7 11. Na3 -- 12. Nc4 ) 10... Nd8 11. Nc2 Be6 12. Ne3 Bxc4 13. Nxc4 Nd7 14. Ne3 { The Knight comes powerfully into play now } 14... g6 ( 14... c6 15. Nf5 Qf6 16. dxe5 dxe5 17. Nd6+ ) 15. Nd5 Qe6 ( 15... Qf8 { White gets a big positional advantage } 16. Nxb6 cxb6 $16 ( 16... Nxb6 17. dxe5 dxe5 18. Nxe5 ) ) 16. Bxh6 $1 f6 { Black must prevent Ng5 whic would trap the Queen } ( 16... Rxh6 17. Ng5 { trapped piece } ) 17. Bg7 ( 17. Be3 { Maroczy } ) 17... Rh5 $1 ( 17... Rg8 18. Bxf6 Nxf6 19. Ng5 ) 18. g4 { White must press on like this, since Black threatens ... Qf7 } 18... Rxh3 19. Nxf6+ Nxf6 20. Ng5 Qd7 ( 20... Qxg4+ 21. Qxg4 Nxg4 22. Nxh3 Kf7 23. f3 Kxg7 24. fxg4 exd4 25. Kg2 Ne6 { Maroczy - drawing chances } ) 21. Bxf6 Rh4 22. f3 exd4 23. cxd4 Rh6 24. Kg2 Nf7 25. Rh1 Nxg5 ( 25... Rxh1 26. Qxh1 { White also wins easily } ) 26. Rxh6 Nh7 27. Qh1 $1 Nxf6 28. Rh8+ Ke7 29. Rxa8 Bxd4 30. Qh6 Qc6 31. Rc1 Qb6 32. Rxc7+ $1 { It was unthinkable for a Morphy game to finish without fireworks } 32... Ke6 33. Re8+ Nxe8 34. Qxg6+ Ke5 35. Qf5# 1-0
[Event "Warsaw"]
[Site "Warsaw"]
[Date "1935.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Glucksberg"]
[Black "Najdorf"]
[Result "0-1"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "A85"]
[PlyCount "44"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 23. NAJDORF (1910-1997)  The strength of the Argentine grandmaster Najdorf
lies mainly in the middle game and the endgame. He admits he plays the
openings less well than his Grandmaster colleagues. His style is highly
combinative calling to mind the games of Alekhine. He makes snap decisions in
keeping with his mercurial temperament. Positionally he has not reached the
same heights as he has done in the field of tactics. In his early years in
particulary he lacked the compusure and patience which are necessary for
converting small positional advantages into a win.  Najdorf is a fine
simultaneous player and one of the greatest blindfold experts the world has
ever seen - perfhaps the very greatest. The world record he holds - 45
simultaneous blindfold games - will be very difficult to surpass.  Here is
Najdorf's immortal game } 1. d4 f5 2. c4 Nf6 3. Nc3 e6 4. Nf3 d5 5. e3 { Too passive } ( 5. g3 ) 5... c6 6. Bd3 Bd6 7. O-O O-O 8. Ne2 Nbd7 9. Ng5 $2 { An elementary mistake, typical of mediocre opponents of the era of Anderssen
and Morphy } 9... Bxh2+ 10. Kh1 ( 10. Kxh2 Ng4+ 11. Kg1 Qxg5 ) 10... Ng4 $1 { But this is the real refutation } 11. f4 ( 11. Nxe6 Qh4 ) 11... Qe8 12. g3 Qh5 13. Kg2 Bg1 $1 { In view of the threat to the e-pawn White has little choice } 14. Nxg1 ( 14. Rxg1 Qh2+ 15. Kf3 Qf2# ) 14... Qh2+ 15. Kf3 e5 $3 { The climax of the combination } 16. dxe5 Ndxe5+ 17. fxe5 Nxe5+ 18. Kf4 Ng6+ 19. Kf3 f4 $3 20. exf4 Bg4+ $1 21. Kxg4 Ne5+ $1 22. fxe5 h5# 0-1
[Event "San Remo"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1930.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Bogolyubov"]
[Black "Nimzowitsch"]
[Result "0-1"]
[Annotator "49: Personal Style"]
[ECO "E23"]
[PlyCount "76"]
[Source "Hays Publishing"]
[SourceDate "1964.01.01"]

{ 24. NIMZOWITSCH (1887-1935)  As a chess thinker Nimzowitsch is comparable to
Steinitz. If Steinitz was the father of modern chess, Nimzowitsch was the
formulator of the so called hypermodern conceptions.  He was a man of
excellent attributes - very witty, intelligent, a refined type of player with
a slendid flair for all sorts of startling tactical and strategic details. On
the other hand he was a curious individual, inclide to exaggerate and lost
sight of the essentials. he developed his ideas in his books "My System" and
"Chess Praxis". We have already had occasion to elucidate his pioneer work in
the domain of maneuvering and have several times drawn attention to his
doctrine of "over protection"  Likewise in the openings Nimzowitsch made his
mark. There is the Nimzowitsch Defence (1. Pe4 Nc6) and of course the very
popular Nimzo Indian } 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Qb3 c5 5. dxc5 Nc6 6. Nf3 Ne4 7. Bd2 Nxc5 8. Qc2 f5 { Control of e4 is vital for Black in the Nimzo Indian } 9. e3 ( 9. a3 Bxc3 10. Bxc3 O-O 11. b4 Ne4 12. e3 b6 13. Bd3 $11 { Nimzowitsch } ) 9... O-O 10. Be2 b6 11. O-O-O { Kingside castling would have been less commital, though Black, with
e4 in hs possession, would have no problems } ( 11. O-O { less commital } ) 11... a5 $1 12. a3 a4 $1 { Very pretty } 13. Nb5 ( 13. axb4 $2 Nxb4 14. Qb1 Nb3# ) 13... Bxd2+ 14. Nxd2 Na5 15. Bf3 d5 16. cxd5 Ba6 { Threatening to crush the White position completely } 17. Nc4 ( 17. Nc3 Bd3 ) 17... Bxb5 18. dxe6 Qc7 ( 18... Bxc4 19. Rxd8 Raxd8 20. e7 ( 20. Rd1 Bxe6 ) 20... Nab3+ 21. Kb1 Bd3 ) 19. Bxa8 Bxc4 20. Bd5 Bxd5 21. Rxd5 Qc6 22. e7 Qxd5 23. exf8=Q+ Kxf8 24. Rd1 Qe5 25. h3 h5 26. g4 hxg4 27. hxg4 Nab3+ 28. Kb1 fxg4 29. Rg1 Qd5 30. Rd1 { The Black pieces are all well grouped in the middle of the
board, in accordance with the principle of "centralization" set out by
Nimzowitsch in his books } ( 30. Rxg4 Qh1+ 31. Ka2 Qa1# ) 30... Qe4 31. Rg1 Nd2+ 32. Kc1 Qd5 $1 33. Qh7 ( 33. b4 Ncb3+ 34. Kb2 Nc4+ 35. Ka2 Nd4 36. Qxa4 b5 37. Qa7 Na5+ 38. Ka1 Ndb3+ 39. Kb1 Qd3+ 40. Kb2 Nc4+ 41. Ka2 Qc2# { Nimzowitsch } ) 33... Nde4 34. Qh8+ Kf7 35. Kb1 ( 35. Rd1 Nb3+ 36. Kc2 Qc4+ 37. Kb1 Ned2+ 38. Rxd2 Qc1+ 39. Ka2 Qa1# ) 35... Qd3+ 36. Ka2 Nc3+ 37. bxc3 Qc2+ 38. Ka1 Nb3# 0-1