Icannos/chess_studies huggingface dataset:
[Event "Candidates"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1956.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Filip"]
[Black "Petrosian"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "72"]

1. Nf3 Nf6 2. g3 d6 3. Bg2 e5 4. d3 g6 5. O-O Bg7 6. e4 O-O 7. Nbd2 Nbd7 8. a4 a5 9. Nc4 Nc5 10. Be3 Ne6 11. h3 { Played to stop Ng4. 11.Ng5 would also stop Ng4 without weakening White's castled position. } 11... b6 12. Qd2 Ba6 13. b3 Nh5 { White has been playing without a plan and the initiative has passed over to Black, who is preparing for a pawn advance with f5. } 14. c3 Qe7 15. b4 f5 16. exf5 gxf5 17. Ng5 f4 { With this move the game changes from a positional channel to a tactical one. } 18. Nxe6 Qxe6 19. b5 { This is the critical position. If the bishop retreats from a6 White will have time to recover. when attacking, the initiative is the most important thing! } 19... f3 20. bxa6 { 20.Bxf3 Rxf3 21.bxa6 Qxh3 With the threat of Nxg3. } 20... fxg2 21. Kxg2 d5 { The tactics have ended with Black on top because of his center control and White's exposed king. } 22. Na3 Rxa6 23. Qe2 Qg6 24. Kh2 Raa8 25. Nc2 Rae8 26. Rae1 c5 27. Rg1 Nf6 { With all of Black's pieces centralized he is now ready for the central break with d4. } 28. Qd2 d4 29. cxd4 cxd4 30. Bg5 Nd5 31. Rg2 { 31.Re4 would put up more resistance. } 31... Rf3 32. Re4 Nc3 33. Rg4 h5 34. Rh4 Rxd3 35. Qc1 Rd1 36. Qb2 Rb1 { White resigned as he will lose his queen to Bf8. } 0-1
[Event "Milwaukee"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1957.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Elo"]
[Black "Fischer"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "98"]

1. e4 c5 { The interesting point of this game is the ending, so you might want to advance to move 37. } 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6. f4 e5 7. Nf3 Qc7 8. Bd3 Nbd7 9. O-O b5 10. Qe1 Bb7 11. a3 g6 12. Qh4 Bg7 13. g4 exf4 14. Bxf4 O-O 15. Qg3 Ne5 16. Nxe5 dxe5 17. Bxe5 Qc5+ 18. Rf2 Nh5 19. Bd6 Qxc3 20. bxc3 Nxg3 21. Bxf8 Rxf8 22. hxg3 Bxc3 23. Rb1 Bd4 24. a4 Bc8 25. axb5 axb5 26. Rxb5 Bxg4 27. Kg2 Bxf2 28. Kxf2 Be6 29. Rc5 Kg7 30. Kf3 Kf6 31. Kf4 Ra8 32. g4 h6 33. g5+ hxg5+ 34. Rxg5 Rh8 35. Rg2 g5+ 36. Kf3 Rh3+ 37. Rg3 Rxg3+ 38. Kxg3 { We have reached a pure bishop endgame where Black has a good bishop and White has a bad bishop, hemmed in by the pawns at c2 and e4. } 38... Ke5 { In any endgame, the king should play an active role. Here it infiltrates on the dark squares. } 39. c3 { White prevents the Black king from reaching d4. } 39... Bd7 40. Bc4 f6 { On the dark squares the pawns are immune to attack from the enemy bishop. } 41. Bd5 { The bishop now protects the pawn from a more active position. } 41... Be8 { The bishop circles to a new post from which it can attack the pawn. } 42. c4 { White hopes this pawn will just march down the board. In fact, all this does is weaken d4. } 42... Kd4 43. Kg4 Bg6 { The White king cannot get across the central line, and, since the pawns are safe, White is in a passive position. } 44. Kf3 Bh5+ 45. Kf2 Bd1 { The idea is that the White king is cut off from the other forces. Now the c-pawn is doomed. } 46. Kg3 Be2 47. c5 Kxc5 48. Be6 Kd4 49. Bf5 { The White forces are better coordinated, but the game is lost. } 49... Ke3 { Here White resigned, since Bf3 follows and the remaining pawn falls. } 0-1
[Event "Soviet Championship"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1957.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Furman"]
[Black "Spassky"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "46"]

1. Nf3 c5 2. c4 g6 3. e4 Bg7 4. d4 cxd4 5. Nxd4 Nc6 6. Be3 { The game started out as a Reti Opening but play has now transposed into a Sicilian Defense. Learning how to handle transpositions is among the more difficult tasks of studying the opening. } 6... Nh6 { The idea behind this move is to rapidly advance the f-pawn to f5 and attack the White center. } 7. Nc3 O-O 8. Be2 f5 9. exf5 Bxd4 { This may seem surprising, since the fianchettoed bishop is Black's most powerful weapon in this opening variation. But at the time it was thought to be good. } 10. Bxd4 { White plays the obvious move. But capturing at h6 would have been more effective, according to Spassky. } 10... Nxf5 11. Bc5 d6 12. Ba3 { The bishop is now misplaced and has little effect. White will have to invest a lot of time and energy bringing it back into the game on the a1-h8 diagonal. } 12... Nfd4 13. O-O Bf5 14. Rc1 { The threat was Nc2. } 14... Qd7 15. Nd5 Rf7 { Black's pieces are much better coordinated than White's and the f-file can be used to mount an attack on the kingside. } 16. b3 Raf8 17. Bb2 e5 18. b4 Be6 { Now White takes advantage of the retreat of the bishop to take control of the b1-h7 diagonal. Furman perhaps expected Spassky to accept the sacrifice of a pawn at b4. } 19. Bd3 { Spassky has more on his mind than mere pawns. } 19... Bg4 { This is a crushing blow which wins the game for Black. The threat is Nf3+ with a mating attack. } 20. f3 { Now Black gets to sacrifice a different piece! 20.Qd2 Nf3+ 21.gxf3 Bxf3 22.Qg5 Rf4 23.Nxf4 Rxf4 24.h3 Qxh3 25.Bxe5 Rg4+ 26.Qxg4 Qxg4+ 27.Bg3 Qh3 } 20... Bxf3 21. gxf3 Nxf3+ 22. Kh1 Qh3 23. Rf2 Ne1 { Black threatens Rxf2, but if the rook leaves the second rank, then there is a mate at g2, while if it moves laterally it opens up the f1-square for invasion. Furman resigned instead of making such a decision. } 0-1
[Event "USSR Semi-Finals"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1957.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Petrosian"]
[Black "Khasin"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "65"]

1. Nf3 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. g3 d5 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. d4 c6 7. Nc3 b6 { A typical position from the Catalan Opening. Black's formation is solid. } 8. Ne5 { White posts his knight in the center while unleashing the bishop along the h1-a8 diagonal. } 8... Bb7 9. e4 dxc4 { 9...dxe4 10.Nxe4 Nbd7 Now White can win a pawn. } 10. Nxc4 Ba6 11. b3 b5 12. Ne5 b4 13. Ne2 Bxe2 14. Qxe2 Qxd4 { Black has won a pawn but at the expense of not developing his queenside pieces. } 15. Bb2 Qb6 16. Rac1 { Although, a pawn down White stands better due to his more active pieces and control of the center. } 16... Rd8 17. Qf3 Qa6 18. Rfe1 { Notice how Black can't develop his queenside without losing material i.e. 18... Nbd7 19. Nxc6 } 18... Rd2 19. Nc4 Rd8 20. Bf1 Qc8 21. Ne5 c5 22. Nxf7 { White breaks down Black's kingside defences. } 22... Kxf7 23. e5 Qc6 24. Qf4 g5 25. Qxg5 Rg8 26. Qf4 Rg4 27. Qe3 Re4 28. Qd3 Rxe1 29. exf6 { This leaves the Black king defenceless. } 29... Rxf1+ 30. Rxf1 Bf8 31. Rd1 { White prevents the Black queenside from developing with 31...Nd7. } 31... e5 32. Qxh7+ Kxf6 33. f4 { Black resigned. } 1-0
[Event "New York"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1957.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Fischer"]
[Black "Cardoso"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "101"]

1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6. Bc4 { This has become known as the Fischer Variation. However, the interesting material of this game lies not in the opening, but in the endgame. } 6... e6 7. O-O Bd7 8. Bb3 Nc6 9. Be3 Be7 10. f4 Qc7 11. f5 Nxd4 12. Bxd4 b5 13. a3 e5 14. Be3 Bc6 15. Nd5 Bxd5 16. Bxd5 Nxd5 17. Qxd5 Rc8 18. c3 Qc4 19. Qb7 Qc6 20. Qxc6+ Rxc6 21. a4 Kd7 22. axb5 axb5 23. Ra7+ Rc7 24. Rfa1 Rb8 25. Kf2 Rbb7 26. Rxb7 Rxb7 27. Ke2 Bd8 28. Kd3 h6 29. Ra8 h5 30. b4 Be7 31. Rg8 Bf6 32. Rf8 Kc6 33. c4 { This move creates a passed pawn on the queenside. } 33... Rd7 34. Ra8 bxc4+ 35. Kxc4 Rc7 36. Ra7 { Now the rooks are exchanged. In a bishop endgame where the bishops are of the same color (light-square or dark-square), a passed pawn is a valuable asset, and usually leads to victory. } 36... Rxa7 37. Bxa7 Bd8 38. Be3 f6 39. b5+ Kd7 40. Kd5 Ba5 { Black has an additional problem. The bishop is "bad" in that the pawns are on the same colored squares, making them targets for the enemy bishop and reducing the space available for maneuvers. } 41. Ba7 { Now advancing the b-pawn would be a mistake. 41.b6 Bb4 42.b7 Kc7 43. Ke6 Kxb7 44.Kf7 Bc5 45.Bd2 Kc6 46.Kxg7 d5 47.Kxf6 dxe4 48.Kxe5 e3 49.Be1 Bd6+ 50.Ke6 Bxh2 51.f6 Bd6 52.f7 Bf8 } 41... Bb4 42. Bb8 Bc5 43. g3 { Black is in zugzwang. Any move will lead to a loss. But if it were possible to just "pass", there would be no way for White to make progress. } 43... Ke7 44. Kc6 g6 45. fxg6 { Now there are two passed pawns. } 45... f5 { Here Fischer brought the game to a quick close with a nifty sacrifice. } 46. Bxd6+ { Black resigned. Resistance would be futile. } 46... Bxd6 47. g7 Kf7 48. Kxd6 Kxg7 49. b6 fxe4 50. b7 e3 51. b8=Q 1-0
[Event "New York"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1957.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Euwe"]
[Black "Fischer"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "39"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 d5 4. cxd5 exd5 5. Bg5 Bb4 6. e3 h6 7. Bh4 c5 8. Bd3 Nc6 9. Ne2 cxd4 10. exd4 O-O 11. O-O Be6 { This misplaces the other bishop, which is now a target for Nf4. He should try 11...Be7, though White keeps some edge. } 12. Bc2 Be7 13. Nf4 Qb6 { This loses, but Black is in trouble after other moves as well since he can't keep White from getting the Bc2/Qd3 battery. } 14. Bxf6 Bxf6 15. Qd3 { Now Black can't play 15...g6 because of 16 Nxe6, so he has to let White's queen into his kingside. } 15... Rfd8 16. Rae1 { The check at h7 can't be stopped, so White prepares to take away Black's only flight square (after Qh7+ Kf8 Qh8+), e7. } 16... Nb4 { After 16...Kh8 White can simply play 17 Qh7. } 17. Qh7+ Kf8 18. a3 Nxc2 19. Ncxd5 Rxd5 20. Nxd5 1-0
[Event "Soviet Championship"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1958.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Petrosian"]
[Black "Gipslis"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "80"]

1. c4 Nf6 2. Nf3 e6 3. Nc3 c5 4. e3 d5 5. d4 Be7 6. cxd5 exd5 7. dxc5 { White has succeeded in giving Black an isolated d-pawn. } 7... Bxc5 8. Be2 O-O 9. O-O Nc6 10. b3 Be6 { 10...d4 Trying to get rid of the isolated pawn would fail to 11.Na4 } 11. Bb2 Qe7 12. Nb5 { A key strategy against the isolated pawn is to post a piece in front of it as no enemy pawn can drive it away. This is known as a blockade. } 12... a6 13. Nbd4 Nxd4 14. Nxd4 Ba3 { A mistake since every exchange will only make the isolani weaker. Black should strive for middlegame complications with 14...Ne4. This targets the c3 square, which is vulnerable if the bishop moves from b2. } 15. Qc1 { 15.Bxa3 Qxa3 16.Qc1 White has a stronger position than in the game. } 15... Bxb2 16. Qxb2 Rac8 17. Rac1 h6 18. Bd3 Qd6 19. h3 { White is better since the Black pieces are tied to the defence of the isolated pawn. } 19... Nd7 20. Nf5 Bxf5 21. Bxf5 g6 22. Bg4 h5 23. Bf3 Ne5 24. Be2 { A rather amusing pawn configuration for Black. All his pawns are on White squares which of course can be attacked by White's light squared bishop. } 24... Rxc1 25. Rxc1 Rd8 26. Rd1 Qf6 27. Qd4 Qe7 28. Qb6 Rd7 29. b4 { Played with the idea of loosening up Black's queenside. } 29... Nc6 30. Bxa6 Nxb4 { 30...bxa6 31.Qxc6 } 31. Bb5 Rc7 32. a3 Nc2 33. Rxd5 Nxa3 34. Qd4 { Black has successfully parted with his isolated d-pawn. However, new problems have arisen namely his vulnerable back rank. } 34... Rc8 35. Bd3 { Threatening to gain a pawn with 36. Rd7. } 35... b5 36. Bxg6 { The 8th rank having been defended White turns his attention to the seventh rank. } 36... fxg6 37. Rd7 Qf8 38. Qd5+ Kh8 39. Qe5+ Kg8 40. Qe6+ Kh8 { Black resigned as mate would soon follow on 41. Qxg6. } 1-0
[Event "US Championship"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1958.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Fischer"]
[Black "Reshevsky"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "83"]

1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 g6 5. Be3 Nf6 6. Nc3 Bg7 7. Bc4 O-O { 7...Qa5! would have been much better. } 8. Bb3 Na5 { A well-known mistake - a Russian chess magazine had recently given the following moves, known to Fischer, but not to Reshevsky! } 9. e5 Ne8 { Breaking communications between the Queen and Rook. On the other hand, 9...Nxb3 loses to 10.exf6. } 10. Bxf7+ Kxf7 { The 15-year-old Fischer has found the fatal flaw in Reshevsky's position. } ( 10... Rxf7 11. Ne6 ) 11. Ne6 dxe6 ( 11... Kxe6 12. Qd5+ Kf5 13. g4+ Kxg4 14. Rg1+ Kh4 15. Bg5+ Kh5 16. Qd1+ Rf3 17. Qxf3# ) 12. Qxd8 { The rest is child's play... } 12... Nc6 13. Qd2 Bxe5 14. O-O Nd6 15. Bf4 Nc4 16. Qe2 Bxf4 17. Qxc4 Kg7 18. Ne4 Bc7 19. Nc5 Rf6 20. c3 e5 21. Rad1 Nd8 22. Nd7 Rc6 23. Qh4 Re6 24. Nc5 Rf6 25. Ne4 Rf4 26. Qxe7+ Rf7 27. Qa3 Nc6 28. Nd6 Bxd6 29. Rxd6 Bf5 30. b4 Rff8 31. b5 Nd8 32. Rd5 Nf7 33. Rc5 a6 34. b6 Be4 35. Re1 Bc6 36. Rxc6 bxc6 37. b7 Rab8 38. Qxa6 Nd8 39. Rb1 Rf7 40. h3 Rfxb7 41. Rxb7+ Rxb7 42. Qa8 { And Black finally gave up. } 1-0
[Event "Munich Olympiad"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1958.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Uhlmann"]
[Black "Botvinnik"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "46"]

1. d4 e6 2. c4 Nf6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 b6 5. Bd3 Bb7 6. Nf3 Ne4 7. O-O f5 { The game has switched from a Nimzoindian to a Dutch Defense. } 8. Qc2 Bxc3 9. bxc3 O-O 10. Rb1 c5 { This prevents White from advancing his pawn, but at the same time it weakens the pawn structure on the queenside and White now puts some pressure there. } 11. a4 Qc7 12. a5 d6 13. Nd2 Nxd2 14. Bxd2 Nd7 15. Rb2 bxa5 16. Ra1 Nb6 17. Rxa5 { Otherwise Black would have advanced the pawn to a4. But now Black takes the initiative with a powerful pawn sacrifice. } 17... Be4 18. Bxe4 fxe4 19. Qb3 { The pawn could not be accepted. 19.Qxe4 Nxc4 20.Qxe6+ Qf7 } 19... Nxc4 20. Qxc4 Qxa5 21. Qxe6+ Kh8 22. Ra2 Qc7 23. Qxe4 { After a series of moves which were pretty-much forced, the picture has become much clearer. Black has a material advantage (the exchange for a pawn) but more importantly, there is a strong double attack which wins the game. } 23... Qf7 0-1
[Event "Olympiad"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1958.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Clarke"]
[Black "Petrosian"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "82"]

1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. e5 c5 4. c3 Qb6 5. Nf3 Nc6 6. a3 { White's play, though accepted by the pundits of opening theory, is very slow and Black can often obtain the initiative. } 6... c4 7. g3 Bd7 8. Bg2 O-O-O 9. O-O Na5 { It is clear that Black is playing more actively. } 10. Nbd2 h6 11. Re1 Ne7 12. Nf1 Nf5 13. Ne3 { 13.g4 would have been more active. } 13... Nxe3 14. Rxe3 Be7 15. Re1 Qb3 { Black stands better due to his queenside initiative. While, White has no counterplay. } 16. Qe2 Ba4 { Black prepares to penetrate on the light squares. } 17. Be3 Kb8 { 17...Qc2 would be more logical. } 18. Rad1 Qc2 19. Rd2 Qf5 20. Rf1 g5 { Having come to naught on the queenside Black switches his attention to the other wing. } 21. h3 h5 22. Nh2 Rdg8 23. g4 Qg6 24. Bf3 { Passive play is doomed to fail. Better was 24. f4. 24.f4 This more active move would have given White chances to survive. } 24... hxg4 25. Bxg4 Nc6 { The knight also makes its way to the kingside. } 26. f3 Bd8 27. Bf2 Ne7 28. Re1 Rh6 29. Nf1 Rgh8 30. Bg3 Rxh3 { This exchange sacrifice shows how fragile the White position is. } 31. Bxh3 Rxh3 32. Qg2 Qh7 33. Ne3 Ng6 34. Ng4 { Played to stop Black's intended pawn g4 and Bg5. } 34... Nf4 35. Bxf4 gxf4 36. Kf1 Rg3 37. Qf2 { 37.Qh2 Rxf3+ 38.Rf2 Rh3 39.Qxf4 Rh1+ 40.Ke2 Qd3+ Mates. } 37... Qh3+ 38. Ke2 Rg2 39. Rg1 Rxf2+ 40. Nxf2 Qh7 41. Rh1 Qg6 { White resigned because of his material deficit. } 0-1
[Event "World Championship"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1958.??.??"]
[Round "11"]
[White "Smyslov"]
[Black "Botvinnik"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "47"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 d5 4. Nf3 Bg7 5. Qb3 { This, the Russian system of meeting the Grunfeld Defense has proven to be a most crucial test to Black's opening. } 5... dxc4 6. Qxc4 O-O 7. e4 Bg4 { Black plans on challenging the White center and therefore wants to put pressure on one of its supporters the White knight on f3. } 8. Be3 Nfd7 9. Rd1 { This is a direct consequence of the early deployment of the queen. Notice how strong the White center is, with virtually all of the forces devoted to its support. } 9... Nb6 10. Qb3 Nc6 11. d5 Ne5 12. Be2 Nxf3+ 13. gxf3 Bh5 { 13...Bd7 would allow White's h-pawn to enter the attack for example 14.h4 Qc8 15.h5 when White has the initiative on the kingside. } 14. h4 Qd7 15. a4 { With the center under complete control, White can now squeeze the queenside. } 15... a5 16. Nb5 Nc8 17. Bd4 Nd6 { A mistake. Black should tie the White pieces down to the protection of the a- pawn with 17...Nb6. 17...Bxd4 18.Nxd4 Nb6 19.Bb5 Qd6 } 18. Bxg7 Kxg7 19. Nd4 { A move made possible by the control of the center. This is a wonderful square for the knight. } 19... Kg8 20. Rg1 Qh3 21. Qe3 { White's queen heads over to attack Black's weak dark squares. } 21... c5 { The final mistake which allows White's queen to attack the weakened dark squares. 21...Qxh4 22.e5 Ne8 23.Qh6 Qh2 24.Rg3 Ng7 Offered some chances of a successful defense. } 22. dxc6 bxc6 23. Qg5 c5 { 23...Kh8 24.Qxe7 Rad8 25. Qf6+ Kg8 26.Nxc6 With a material advantage and kingside attack in White's favor. } 24. Nc6 { Black resigned as White is threatening to win the bishop with Qxh5. 24.Nc6 Kh8 25.Qxe7 Rad8 26.Qf6+ Kg8 27.Ne7+ Mates. } 1-0
[Event "USSR vs. Yugoslavia"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1959.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Petrosian"]
[Black "Matanovic"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "59"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 c5 5. Nf3 O-O 6. Be2 b6 7. O-O Bb7 8. Na4 cxd4 9. exd4 Qc7 { Black overestimates his chances. His first concern should have been for the safety of his dark squared bishop. 9...Be7 Followed by pawn d5 was better. } 10. c5 bxc5 11. a3 Ba5 12. dxc5 Ng4 { This was the trick Black had in mind when playing 9...Qc7. } 13. h3 Bxf3 14. hxg4 Bxe2 15. Qxe2 Qc6 16. b3 Bc7 17. Rd1 Na6 { White stands much better due to his hold on the open files and central squares. } 18. Be3 f5 19. gxf5 Rxf5 20. Rac1 Be5 { 20...Raf8 } 21. f4 Bc7 { 21...Bxf4 22.Bxf4 Rxf4 23.Rd6 Qb7 24.Rxa6 leaves White up a piece. } 22. Nb6 { A surprising blow which quickly ends the game. } 22... axb6 23. cxb6 Qb7 24. Rxd7 { White wins material because of the pin on the bishop. } 24... Rf7 25. Rxf7 Kxf7 26. bxc7 Rc8 { 26...Nxc7 27.Qh5+ Kg8 28.Qe5 Rc8 29.Bd4 Ne8 30.Qxe6+ } 27. Qh5+ Kf8 28. Rd1 Qxc7 29. Qxh7 Qc3 30. Bd4 { Black resigned in view of the double attack on g7. } 1-0
[Event "Soviet Championship"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1959.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Averbakh"]
[Black "Petrosian"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "80"]

1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 a6 6. Be2 e5 { This is a v ariation of the Sicilian Defense where Black allows a weakness at d5, for which there will be some compensation later. } 7. Nb3 Be7 8. O-O O-O 9. Bg5 Be6 10. Bxf6 Bxf6 11. Nd5 { White has a strong outpost on d5, but it can be eliminated at any time by capturing on d5. } 11... Nd7 12. Qd3 Rc8 13. c3 Bg5 14. Rad1 Kh8 15. Bf3 g6 16. Ne3 Rc6 17. Rfe1 Nf6 { Black has a backward d-pawn, but it is well protected by the rook. Black stands better with his more active pieces and pending minority attack on the queenside. } 18. Qe2 b5 { The idea is that the control of the open file allows the b-pawn to advance and disrupt the White queenside. } 19. Ra1 { 19.Nd5 Bxd5 20.exd5 Rc4 when Black stands better on both wings. } 19... Qb6 20. Nd2 a5 21. Ndf1 { Black starts the minority attack rolling. } 21... Rfc8 22. a3 b4 { The key thrust! } 23. cxb4 axb4 24. a4 { White has a passed pawn but it is useless. } 24... Qa7 25. Red1 Ra6 26. Rd3 { 26.Nd5 Bxd5 27.exd5 Rxa4 28.Rxa4 Qxa4 29.Bg4 Nxg4 30.Qxg4 Rc5 31.Qxg5 Qxd1 } 26... b3 27. a5 Rcc6 28. Qd1 Qc7 29. Nd5 Bxd5 30. exd5 Rc5 31. Rxb3 Raxa5 32. Rxa5 Rxa5 { Black's minority attack has left White with 3 pawn islands to Black's one. While, White has two isolated pawns that can be attacked, Black's queen pawn is safely tucked away. } 33. Rc3 Qb6 34. Rb3 Qa7 35. Rb4 Kg7 36. h4 Bh6 37. b3 { 37.g3 Not giving up the seventh rank offered more resistance. } 37... Ra2 38. Qe1 Qa5 39. Qb1 Ra1 40. Rb5 Qc3 { White resigned because his queen has been trapped. } 0-1
[Event "Candidates' Tournament"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1959.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Smyslov"]
[Black "Keres"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "36"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. Bg5 c5 5. dxc5 { White's system is passive to begin with, and after this Black takes over the initiative. 5 e3 is better. } 5... Na6 6. g3 Nxc5 7. Bg2 d6 8. Rc1 { White didn't like the looks of 8 Nf3 Nfe4, but he's wasting time. } 8... O-O 9. b4 { White isn't well enough developed to be making this aggresive gesture. Black now gets a powerful initiative. } 9... Ne6 10. Bd2 a5 { Immediately exploiting White's eighth move. White must either allow lines to be opened for Black's pieces or give Black a lock on c5. } 11. a3 { 11 b5 was the lesser evil. In combination with the a1-h8 diagonal the a-file is deadly. } 11... axb4 12. axb4 Nd4 13. Nh3 { The final error. White doesn't want to block the h1-a8 diagonal, his only asset, but now he gets overrun. } 13... Be6 14. Nd5 { 14 e3 gets trashed by 14...Bg4, and 14 c5 loses all his pieces to 14...Bb3, but the text isn't much better. } 14... Nxd5 15. cxd5 Bd7 { Threatening 16..Ba4. } 16. Rc3 Ra2 { Now Black threatens 17...Nxe2 among other things. } 17. Qb1 Qa8 18. Rc1 Bf5 { 19 e4 allows 19...Bxh3 20 Bxh3 Nf3+. } 0-1
[Event "Candidates' Tournament"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1959.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Petrosian"]
[Black "Olafsson"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "79"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. Nf3 c5 5. e3 O-O 6. Be2 b6 7. O-O Bb7 { This is a typical hypermodern handling of the opening by Black, who has indirect pressure on the center. } 8. Na4 cxd4 9. exd4 Be7 10. a3 { A useful move which prepares to gain space on the queenside with pawn b4 and then fianchetto the queen bishop. } 10... Ne4 { An excellent central post for the knight. } 11. b4 f5 12. Bb2 Bf6 { Perhaps better was an immediate 12...d6 with the idea of reinforcing the knight with Nbd7, Ndf6. } 13. Qb3 d6 14. Nc3 { White brings his out of play knight back into the game. } 14... Qe7 15. Rad1 Nd7 16. Nxe4 fxe4 { Black is fully justified in doubling his e-pawns because of the play down the newly opened f-file. } 17. Ne1 Bg5 18. Nc2 Rf7 { Black prepares to double his rooks on the f-file. } 19. Bc1 Bxc1 20. Rxc1 Raf8 { An interesting position has arisen with White having an advantage on the queenside, while Black's pieces have been building up on the kingside. } 21. Ne3 Ba8 { 21...Qg5 would have been more to the point. } 22. Rc2 Kh8 23. a4 { While Black's last two moves have done little to further his kingsideadvantage. White has followed a consistent plan on the queenside. } 23... Qg5 24. Qa3 Rf6 25. Ra2 h5 26. a5 Bb7 27. Qc3 R8f7 28. axb6 axb6 { Take notice of Black's wrecked pawn structure. The weak pawns will be especially hard to defend in the endgame. } 29. g3 Nf8 30. h4 Qh6 31. Ng2 g5 32. hxg5 Qxg5 33. Qe3 Qg7 34. Bxh5 Rc7 35. Be2 Rh6 36. f4 exf3 37. Bxf3 Qxg3 { Black resigned. 37...Qxg3 Black resigned in view of... } 38. Qxh6+ Nh7 39. Bxb7 Rxb7 40. Rf8+ 1-0
[Event "Moscow vs. Leningrad"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1959.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Smyslov"]
[Black "Spassky"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "47"]

1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 e6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 a6 5. c4 Nc6 { Spassky leaves the well-known paths of 5...Nf6. } 6. Nc3 Bc5 7. Nb3 Bb4 8. Bd3 Nge7 9. O-O O-O { Both sides have been developing, but now Black adopts a typical plan for this type of formation. He captures on c3, and then advances his d- pawn. But his artificial position (Ne7) helps White. } 10. Qc2 Bxc3 11. Qxc3 d5 12. Be3 dxc4 13. Bxc4 Qc7 14. Rac1 Rd8 15. f4 Bd7 { Black seems ready to claim equality, after Ra8-c8. But the weakness of the dark squares on the queenside give White an inviting target for the Be3. } 16. Qe1 { White transf ers his queen to f2, where it will not only support the g1-a7 diagonal, but also gives more impetus to an advance of the f-pawn, since f7 is no longer guarded by the Black rook. } 16... b6 { 16...b5 17.Be2 Be8 18.Qf2 Rab8 19.Nc5 exploits the dark squares in a different way. } 17. Qf2 Rab8 18. f5 Qc8 { Examining this diagram we see that the pressure point is e6, and the next few moves are aimed directly at the target. They prove to be the lastmoves! } 19. Nd4 Nxd4 { 19...e5 opens a line, but more importantly allows White to advance the f-pawn further. } 20. Bxd4 Nc6 21. fxe6 Bxe6 22. Bxe6 { Black resigned. } 22... Qxe6 23. Rxc6 Qxc6 24. Qxf7+ 1-0
[Event "Bled Candidates"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1959.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Tal"]
[Black "Smyslov"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "51"]

1. e4 c6 2. d3 d5 3. Nd2 e5 4. Ngf3 Nd7 { Black hopes to consolidate his pawn center, but White decides to open the game instead of allowing this. } 5. d4 dxe4 6. Nxe4 exd4 7. Qxd4 Ngf6 8. Bg5 Be7 9. O-O-O O-O { With the center open and kings on opposite sides the stage is set for a dogfight. } 10. Nd6 Qa5 11. Bc4 b5 12. Bd2 { White frees g5 for his knight and drives Black's queen to a weaker square. } 12... Qa6 13. Nf5 Bd8 14. Qh4 { White gives up his bishop to gain time to get the rest of his pieces into the attack. } 14... bxc4 15. Qg5 Nh5 16. Nh6+ Kh8 17. Qxh5 Qxa2 18. Bc3 Nf6 { So far Black has defended well and he could hold by 18...Bf6. The text loses because the weakness of Black's back rank. } 19. Qxf7 { Now all of the squares around Black's king are under attack. } 19... Qa1+ 20. Kd2 Rxf7 21. Nxf7+ Kg8 22. Rxa1 Kxf7 23. Ne5+ Ke6 24. Nxc6 Ne4+ 25. Ke3 Bb6+ 26. Bd4 1-0
[Event "Soviet Championship"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1960.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Petrosian"]
[Black "Suetin"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "47"]

1. c4 c5 2. Nf3 Nf6 3. Nc3 Nc6 4. e3 e6 5. d4 d5 6. cxd5 exd5 7. Be2 a6 8. O-O c4 9. Ne5 Qc7 { 9...Bd6 is correct, so that Black can castle quickly. } 10. Nxc6 Qxc6 11. b3 b5 { 11...Bb4, was better, developing the bishop with tempo while preparing to castle. } 12. bxc4 bxc4 13. e4 { With the Black king in the center, this explosive pawn thrust gives White an advantage. } 13... dxe4 { Opening up the position with his king in the center is a mistake. } 14. Bg5 Bf5 { 14...Be7 15.Bxf6 Bxf6 16.Nxe4 O-O 17.d5 Qb6 18.Rb1 Qd4 19.Nxf6+ Qxf6 20.Bxc4 White has won a pawn but the Black king is safe. } 15. d5 Qc7 16. Bxf6 gxf6 { White has a winning position due to Black's wrecked pawn structure and vulnerable king. } 17. Bg4 Bxg4 18. Qxg4 Qe5 19. Nxe4 f5 20. Qh5 O-O-O { 20...Qxe4 21.Rfe1 wins the queen. } 21. Nd2 c3 22. Nc4 Qd4 23. Qxf5+ Rd7 24. Ne5 { Black resigned due to the pinning of his rook. } 1-0
[Event "Copenhagen"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1960.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Petrosian"]
[Black "Larsen"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "67"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 d6 3. Nf3 Bg4 { An unusual opening, but playable. } 4. Nc3 Nbd7 5. e4 e5 6. Be2 Be7 7. O-O O-O 8. Be3 Bh5 { Since White will exchange bishops anyway (by Nd2), this amounts to a waste of time. Better was 8...c6. } 9. Nd2 Bxe2 10. Qxe2 exd4 { Black exchanges in the center. Otherwise White would play pawn d5 giving Black a bad bishop. } 11. Bxd4 Re8 12. f4 Bf8 13. Rad1 a6 { White has a big space advantage which means a greater choice of plans. } 14. Qf3 c6 15. g4 { With the Black pieces so cramped they don't have room to defend against the direct kingside attack. } 15... Nc5 16. Bxc5 dxc5 { White has g iven Black doubled c-pawns. While gaining a 4 to 3 majority on the kingside. In effect Black is a pawn down. } 17. e5 Nd7 18. Nde4 Qc7 19. Rd3 { From d3 the White rook keeps an eye on both the d-file and h3 square. } 19... Nb6 20. b3 Rad8 21. Rfd1 Be7 22. g5 { The pawn makes way for the decisive kingside attack. } 22... Nc8 23. Qh5 Rxd3 { 23...g6 24.Qh6 Rxd3 25.Rxd3 Rd8 26.Nf6+ Bxf6 27.exf6 Rxd3 28.Qg7++ } 24. Rxd3 { White's kingside pawn majority is amplified by the fact that one of the pawns occupies a strong position at e5. } 24... Rd8 { Here White has a crushing sacrifice. Can you find it? } 25. Nf6+ { A sacrifice which opens up the Black king. } 25... gxf6 26. Rh3 Kf8 27. Qxh7 Ke8 28. g6 Bf8 { 28...fxg6 29.e6 takes away Black's flight square. } 29. g7 Bxg7 30. Qxg7 { Although, material is equal White still has a winning attack. } 30... Qe7 { 30...Kd7 31.Rd3+ Ke8 32.Qh8+ Ke7 33.exf6+ Ke6 34.Qxd8 } 31. Ne4 Rd1+ 32. Kf2 f5 33. Nf6+ Kd8 34. Rh8+ { Black resigned as his queen will be trapped next move. 34.Rh8+ Kc7 35.Re8 } 1-0
[Event "Leipzig Olympiad"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1960.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Fischer"]
[Black "Euwe"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "71"]

1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. exd5 cxd5 4. c4 Nf6 5. Nc3 Nc6 6. Nf3 Bg4 7. cxd5 Nxd5 8. Qb3 Bxf3 9. gxf3 e6 10. Qxb7 Nxd4 11. Bb5+ Nxb5 12. Qc6+ Ke7 13. Qxb5 Nxc3 { 13...Qd7 14.Nxd5+ Qxd5 and Black has nothing to worry about. } 14. bxc3 Qd7 { Black should have created some space for the king with 14...f6. } 15. Rb1 Rd8 { Another mistake. The a-pawn needs the support of the rook. } 16. Be3 Qxb5 17. Rxb5 Rd7 18. Ke2 { 18.Ra5 Rb7 19.Rxa7 Rxa7 20.Bxa7 Kd7 21.Kd2 Bd6 with the threat of Ra8. } 18... f6 19. Rd1 Rxd1 20. Kxd1 Kd7 21. Rb8 { The threat is Bc5, exploiting the pin on the back rank. } 21... Kc6 22. Bxa7 g5 { The only way Black can get his pieces into play is by moving the bishop to g7. } 23. a4 Bg7 24. Rb6+ Kd5 25. Rb7 Bf8 26. Rb8 Bg7 27. Rb5+ Kc6 28. Rb6+ Kd5 { It is not clear why Fischer repeated the position. Probably he had not worked out the sinning moves yet. } 29. a5 f5 30. Bb8 Rc8 31. a6 Rxc3 32. Rb5+ Kc4 33. Rb7 Bd4 34. Rc7+ Kd3 35. Rxc3+ Kxc3 { It looks as though Black is about to enter a long period of suffering after 36.a7. But then Black will sacrifice the bishop for the pawn. There is a better move. Do you see it? } 36. Be5 1-0
[Event "Soviet Championship"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1960.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Spassky"]
[Black "Bronstein"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "45"]

1. e4 e5 2. f4 exf4 3. Nf3 d5 4. exd5 Bd6 { 4...Nf6 is normal, but Bronstein loves to improvise. } 5. Nc3 Ne7 6. d4 O-O 7. Bd3 Nd7 { Black should play 7...c6 to eliminate the cramping pawn on d5. } 8. O-O h6 { Black feared a possible Ng5, but this is a serious loss of time. He should have played 8...Nf6. } 9. Ne4 { White gives up a pawn to get his pieces into attacking positions with gain of time. } 9... Nxd5 10. c4 Ne3 11. Bxe3 fxe3 12. c5 Be7 { Playing to hold the e3 pawn by 12...Bf4 gets into trouble by 13 g3 and now neither 13...Bg5 14 Nfxg5 hxg5 15 Qh5 nor 13...f5 14 Nc3 Bg5 15 h4 Be7 16 Nd5 is any good. } 13. Bc2 Re8 { Black sees the approaching attack on h7 and thus doesn't want his knight traded off after 13.. .Nf6 14 Qd3 Nxe4 15 Qxe4, but that might be better than the text, which gives White an extra tempo to build up. } 14. Qd3 e2 { Black doesn't like the looks of 14...Nf8 15 Ne5 and tries to break up White's battery, but... } 15. Nd6 { White gives up a whole rook just for one tempo to attack f7. Black should play 15...Bxd6 16 Qh7+ Kf8 17 cxd6 exf1Q+ 18 Rxf1 cxd6 19 Qh8+ Ke7 20 Qxg7 Rg8 21 Re1+ Ne5 22 Qxh6 Be6, when he may get out alive. } 15... Nf8 16. Nxf7 exf1=Q+ 17. Rxf1 Bf5 { Desperation, but 17...Kxf7 18 Ne5+ Kg8 19 Qh7+ is a beautiful way to get mated and 17...Qd5 loses to 18 Bb3 Qxf7 19 Bxf7+ Kxf7+ 20 Qc4+ Kg6 21 Qg8. } 18. Qxf5 Qd7 19. Qf4 Bf6 20. N3e5 Qe7 21. Bb3 Bxe5 22. Nxe5+ Kh7 23. Qe4+ 1-0
[Event "Leipzig Olympiad"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1960.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Letelier"]
[Black "Fischer"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "56"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7 4. e4 O-O 5. e5 { This advance has disappeared completely from the tournament scene. White is overextending his center, and Black will be able to strike back easily. } 5... Ne8 6. f4 d6 7. Be3 c5 { Black moves quickly to undermine White's center. } 8. dxc5 Nc6 9. cxd6 exd6 10. Ne4 Bf5 11. Ng3 { 11.Nxd6 Nxd6 12.exd6 Bxb2 13.Nf3 Re8! } 11... Be6 12. Nf3 Qc7 13. Qb1 { White's queenside ambitions are unrealistic, but it was time for the queen to leave the d-file anyway. The dual purpose is to support the advance of the f-pawn, but this has a tactical flaw. } 13... dxe5 14. f5 e4 15. fxe6 exf3 16. gxf3 f5 { This is much stronger than grabbing the weak pawn at e6. Black has now secured the initiative. } 17. f4 Nf6 18. Be2 Rfe8 19. Kf2 Rxe6 20. Re1 Rae8 { The pressure on the e-file and the active position of the minor pieces give Black a clear, and perhaps decisive advantage. } 21. Bf3 Rxe3 22. Rxe3 Rxe3 23. Kxe3 { Now Fischer provides an aesthetic conclusion to the game. Can you figure it out? } 23... Qxf4+ { and White resigned, faced with checkmate. For example: } 24. Kf2 { 24.Kxf4 Bh6++ } 24... Ng4+ 25. Kg2 Ne3+ 26. Kf2 Nd4 27. Qh1 Ng4+ 28. Kf1 Nxf3 { and the end comes quickly. } 0-1
[Event "Leipzig"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1960.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Ghitescu"]
[Black "Fischer"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "28"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 O-O 5. Bd3 d5 6. Nf3 Nc6 { Black forsakes the traditional ...c5 break and plays for ...e5 instead. } 7. O-O dxc4 8. Bxc4 Bd6 9. Bb5 e5 10. Bxc6 exd4 { This zwishenzug saves a pawn unless White wants to play 11 cxb7 Bxb7, when all Black's pieces are pointed at his king. } 11. exd4 bxc6 12. Bg5 Re8 13. Qd3 c5 { Opening up the a8-h1 diagonal for his bishop and eliminating the weakness on c6, as well as allowing White to play... } 14. dxc5 Bxh2+ 0-1
[Event "Leipzig Olympiad"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1960.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Tal"]
[Black "Campomanes"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "53"]

1. e4 c6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 { The early development of the knight is inappropriate in this opening, since the e-pawn can advance all the way to e6. } 4. e5 Nfd7 5. e6 { This fractures Black's pawn structure and creates weaknesses on the light squares on the kingside. } 5... fxe6 6. Bd3 { White threatens checkmate if Black is not careful. } 6... Nf6 7. Nf3 g6 8. h4 c5 { Black tries to get some breathing room. } 9. dxc5 Nc6 10. Qe2 { White prevents Black from establishing a strong center with 10...e5. } 10... Bg7 11. Bd2 Qc7 12. O-O-O e5 { Black has concentrated on reaching this goal, but the kingside is where the action is. } 13. Bg5 Be6 14. Nb5 Qb8 15. h5 gxh5 { Taking with the knight would also have been dangerous. } 16. Nfd4 { The pin on the pawn at e5 makes this move playable. } 16... Bg4 17. f3 e4 { Black is in a woeful position, and the future president of the World Chess Federation tries to complicate the position. But his skills in this regard were not remotely close to those of the newly crowned World Champion Tal! } 18. fxg4 Nxd4 19. Nxd4 exd3 20. Rxd3 { After a series of forced moves material balance is restored, but Black's king is still stuck in the center and his forces are scattered. } 20... Ne4 { The only assets in Black's position are the centralized pawn at d5 and knight at e4. The only defensive piece is the bishop at g7. Watch how quickly Tal reduces these to rubble. } 21. Nf5 Qe5 22. Nxg7+ Qxg7 { Campomanes, who loves tactics above all else, must have felt pretty good here, since it seems that the initiative is now in his hands, thanks to the attack on the bishop. Next move he will castle to safety...NOT! } 23. Rxd5 { A brilliant move which recognizes that a king stuck in the center is an easy target which does not require a full complement of pieces to checkmate. } 23... Nxg5 24. Qb5+ Kf7 25. Rf1+ Kg6 26. Qd3+ Kh6 27. Rh1 1-0
[Event "Bled"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1961.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Petrosian"]
[Black "Pachman"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "49"]

1. Nf3 c5 2. g3 Nc6 3. Bg2 g6 4. O-O Bg7 5. d3 e6 6. e4 Nge7 7. Re1 O-O { 7...d6 This should be strongly considered. The idea is to take control of the dark squares. } 8. e5 { Taking advantage of Black's weakened dark squares. } 8... d6 9. exd6 Qxd6 10. Nbd2 Qc7 { 10...b6 This would have the advantage of first seeing how White would attack the queen instead of guessing. } 11. Nb3 Nd4 { Although, Black has protected his c-pawn. A better way was 11...b6 preparing to fianchetto the bishop on b7. } 12. Bf4 { A good move which develops a piece with a gain of tempo. } 12... Qb6 13. Ne5 { White has the clever threat of 14. Nc4, attacking the Black queen, followed by 15. Nxc5 winning a pawn. } 13... Nxb3 { 13...Bxe5 Stopping White from playing 14. Nc4 would leave Black's kingside weakened after 14.Bxe5 when White would have an advantage due to his more active pieces and Black's weakened dark squares. } 14. Nc4 Qb5 15. axb3 a5 { 15...a5 is played with the idea of stopping White's threat of 16. Ra5 winning the c-pawn. } 16. Bd6 { A powerful pin on the Black knight. Which leaves Black's pieces in disarray. } 16... Bf6 17. Qf3 { Once again White finds a way to develop a piece with a gain of tempo. } 17... Kg7 18. Re4 { Petrosian himself later criticized this move. } 18... Rd8 19. Qxf6+ { A very beautiful queen sacrifice that leads to mate. } 19... Kxf6 20. Be5+ Kg5 21. Bg7 { Black resigned. Since he has no way of stopping 22. h4+ Kh5 23. Bf3 mate.  1-0 } 21... Rxd3 22. cxd3 Kh5 23. Bf3+ Kg5 24. h4+ Kf5 25. Rf4# 1-0
[Event "Soviet Championship"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1961.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Polugaevsky"]
[Black "Petrosian"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "94"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 O-O 5. Bd3 d5 6. Nf3 c5 7. O-O dxc4 8. Bxc4 Nbd7 9. Qe2 a6 10. a3 cxd4 { Black could also keep the tension with 10...Ba5. } 11. axb4 dxc3 12. bxc3 { At a first glance the position seems to favor White with the two bishops. However, Black will have play against White's backward c-pawn. } 12... Qc7 13. Bb2 e5 { Gains space and makes an out for the light squared bishop. } 14. e4 Nb6 15. Bd3 Bg4 16. Ra5 Nh5 17. g3 { Played to prevent Nf4. } 17... Rad8 18. Qe3 f6 19. Rc5 Qd7 20. Be2 { A mistake which was extremely hard to foresee. The bishop will come under attack on e2. Better was 20. Bc2. } 20... Bh3 21. Ra1 Nf4 { White gets mated if he takes the knight. } 22. Rca5 { 22.gxf4 Qg4+ 23.Kh1 Qg2+ Mate. } 22... Qg4 23. Bc1 Rd6 24. R5a2 Rfd8 { The domination of the only open file is the key to victory in this game. } 25. Ne1 { White must protect the vulnerable back rank. } 25... Nxe2+ 26. Qxe2 Qxe2 27. Rxe2 { White has defended well to get this far. However, Black's initiative carries into the endgame. } 27... Rd1 28. f3 Nc4 { 28...R8d3 This would have been more efficient. } 29. Kf2 { White finally gets off the back rank. } 29... R8d3 30. Rc2 Rd7 31. g4 { A vain attempt to snare the bishop. } 31... g5 32. Rca2 { 32.Kg3 Rxe1 33.Kxh3 Rdd1 } 32... h5 { Opening yet another avenue into White's kingside. } 33. gxh5 Be6 34. Re2 Rh7 35. Ng2 Rxh5 { Now White's pawn structure is too weak. } 36. h4 { White gives up a pawn to keep the rook out of the attack. } 36... gxh4 37. Re1 Rxe1 38. Nxe1 Rh7 39. Nc2 h3 40. Be3 Rd7 41. Re1 Kh7 42. Ke2 Nb2 { Being a clear pawn up Black decides the game quickly. } 43. f4 Nd1 44. f5 Bc4+ 45. Kf3 Rd3 46. Rh1 Bb3 47. Rxh3+ Kg8 { White resigned due to the pin on his bishop. } 0-1
[Event "Soviet Championship"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1961.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Petrosian"]
[Black "Smyslov"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "63"]

1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 e6 3. Nf3 b6 4. d4 Bb7 5. a3 d5 6. cxd5 Nxd5 7. e3 { Petrosian  was successful with this line but it didn't become popular until Kasparov took it up in the 1980s. } 7... Be7 8. Bb5+ c6 9. Bd3 c5 10. Nxd5 Qxd5 11. dxc5 Qxc5 12. Bd2 Nc6 13. Rc1 Qd6 14. Qc2 Rc8 15. O-O h6 { This weakens the Black kingside. 15...Bf6 Followed by g6 would be less weakening. } 16. Rfd1 O-O 17. Bc3 Qb8 18. Qa4 { The queen prepares to switch over to the kingside attack. } 18... Rfd8 19. Qe4 { White forces another weakening in the Black pawn structure due to the threat of Qh7+. } 19... g6 { Look at this position. All Black's pieces are on the queenside, and the king stands naked in the corner. White will destroy the Black fortress with a strong attack, using his better-placed pieces. } 20. Qg4 h5 { 20...Kh7 21.Bxg6+ fxg6 22.Qxe6 Gives White a winning attack. } 21. Qh3 f5 { Played with the idea of stopping White from playing pawn g4. However, Black has new problems on the a2-g8 diagonal. } 22. Bc4 Rxd1+ 23. Rxd1 Kf7 24. e4 { After this central break Black's position collapses . } 24... Qf4 25. Re1 Qg4 26. exf5 { White sacrifices his bishop in order to break open Black's king position. } 26... Qxc4 { 26...gxf5 27.Bxe6+ Kf8 28.Bxc8 } 27. fxg6+ Ke8 { Now White has a powerful passed pawn, which also helps the attack by covering the f7-square. 27...Kxg6 28.Rxe6+ Kf7 29.Rxc6 Qxc6 30.Ne5+ when White wins the queen. } 28. g7 e5 { 28...Kd7 29.Rd1+ Kc7 30.Qg3+ Wins material for White. } 29. Qxh5+ Kd7 30. Rd1+ Bd6 31. Bxe5 Nd4 { 31...Nxe5 32.Nxe5+ } 32. Nxd4 { Black resigned. 32.Nxd4 Bxe5 33.Nf3+ Bd6 34.Ne5+ would win the Black queen. } 1-0
[Event "Zurich"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1961.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Petrosian"]
[Black "Schmid"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "61"]

1. d4 c5 2. d5 d6 3. c4 g6 4. Nc3 Bg7 5. e4 Nf6 6. Be2 O-O 7. Nf3 e6 8. O-O exd5 9. cxd5 { The Modern Benoni is a very sharp opening, thanks to the precarious central formation. } 9... Re8 10. Nd2 Na6 11. f3 Nc7 12. a4 b6 13. Nc4 { Even though many moves have been played, both combatants are well-prepared, and had been studying these formations. } 13... Ba6 14. Bg5 Bxc4 15. Bxc4 a6 16. Kh1 { If the game opens up the king will be safer tucked away in the corner. } 16... Rb8 17. Qe2 Qc8 18. Bf4 Bf8 19. Rab1 Nh5 { 19...b5 20.axb5 axb5 21.Nxb5 Nxb5 22.Bxb5 White would win a pawn and have an attack on the Black rook. } 20. Bd2 { White has developed his pieces for play on either wing, depending on what plan Black chooses. } 20... f5 21. g4 { Black will find his pieces lack coordination to defend against the direct kingside attack. } 21... Nf6 { 21...fxg4 22.fxg4 Ng7 23.Rf2 when Black would be defenceless on the f-file. } 22. gxf5 { The open g-file will be the key to White's success in this game. } 22... gxf5 23. Rg1+ Kh8 24. Rg3 { White prepares to double rooks on the g-file. } 24... Re7 25. Rbg1 Rg7 26. e5 { This central break allows all the White pieces to participate in the attack. While his counterparts can only watch on helplessly out of play. } 26... dxe5 27. Qxe5 Nce8 28. Rxg7 Bxg7 29. Rxg7 { White sacrifices the exchange which allows the White queen and bishops to weave a mating net. } 29... Kxg7 30. Qe7+ Kg6 31. d6 { Black resigned. 31.d6 Qb7 32.Qe3 when Black's king cannot escape. } 1-0
[Event "Bled"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1961.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Petrosian"]
[Black "Gligoric"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "69"]

1. c4 g6 2. g3 Bg7 3. Bg2 d6 4. Nc3 c5 5. e3 Nc6 6. Nge2 Nf6 7. b3 O-O 8. O-O Bd7 9. d4 Qc8 { Played with the idea of attacking the White squares with 10...Bh3. } 10. Re1 { In order to answer Black's light squared attack with Bh1. } 10... Bh3 11. Bh1 Bg4 12. Qd2 { White breaks the pin on his knight. } 12... Bxe2 13. Rxe2 cxd4 14. exd4 Qg4 { 14...Ng4 might have led to interesting play. } 15. Bb2 e6 { Black covers the key center square of d5. However, a new weakness has been created on d6. } 16. Rd1 Rfe8 17. Nb5 { White wastes no time in attacking Black's new weakness on d6. } 17... Rad8 18. Bxc6 { This little combination gives White a material advantage. } 18... bxc6 19. Nxa7 Ne4 20. Qd3 Ng5 21. Nxc6 Ra8 22. Bc1 e5 23. Bxg5 Qxg5 24. dxe5 dxe5 25. b4 { White has a winning advantage because of his three passed pawns. } 25... Qg4 26. Rde1 Qc8 27. b5 Qc7 28. Qe4 h5 29. c5 Qb7 30. Qc4 Re6 31. Nxe5 Rae8 32. Nxf7 { Black resigned because of... } 32... Rxe2 33. Ng5+ Kh8 34. Rxe2 Rxe2 35. Qxe2 { when White's three passed pawns would win easily. } 1-0
[Event "Bled"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1961.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Olafsson"]
[Black "Petrosian"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "64"]

1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e5 Qd7 5. Qg4 f5 6. Qg3 b6 7. h4 Bb7 8. Bd3 Nc6 9. Ne2 O-O-O 10. Bd2 Nh6 11. a3 Be7 12. Bb5 { White pins the Black knight on c6. 12.Qxg7 Ng4 would put the White queen in serious danger of being trapped. } 12... Rdg8 { 12...a6 Although trying to break the pin looks natural, White has a strong reply. 13.Bxc6 Bxc6 14.Qxg7 Ng4 15.Bg5 allowing White to take advantage of Black's dark squared bishop. 15...Bxg5 16.Qxd7+ Rxd7 17.hxg5 } 13. Qd3 Nf7 14. O-O-O { 14.Nf4 would be better, threatening a fork. } 14... Kb8 { A very deep and yet simple move. Petrosian's idea is to break the pin, on the Black knight, with 15...Qc8. } 15. Nf4 Qc8 { Although Black's position looks cramped, he is almost ready to begin striking at White's center. The target, as is so often the case in the French Defense, is the pair of pawns at d4 and e5. } 16. Nce2 Ncd8 17. Qb3 { 17. Qb3 is a miscalculation which costs White a pawn and the game. Better was 17. c3. 17.c3 c5 18.Kb1 Although, Black would still stand better due to, his play on both flanks. } 17... c6 18. Bd3 c5 { Finally! Black achieves the goal of the opening and breaks down White's center . } 19. dxc5 Bxc5 20. Nh3 Nxe5 { Black has won a very valuable center pawn. Given Petrosian's technique, it is good enough for the victory. } 21. Bf4 Nf7 22. Bb5 { 22.Qc3 Attacking the pinned knight again. would be met adequately by 22...Bd6. } 22... Ka8 { Black gets his king out of the pin. Which allows his knight on e5 to move. } 23. Nd4 Ng6 24. Qa4 { An unsound sacrifice which ends the game. Still, White had no good response to Black's threat of pawn e5. } 24... Bxd4 25. Bd7 Qf8 26. Rxd4 e5 27. Rb4 exf4 28. Rxb6 Nfe5 29. Rxb7 Kxb7 30. h5 { 30.Qb5+ Kc7 when Black would soon realize his material advantage. } 30... Qd6 31. hxg6 Qxd7 32. Qxf4 Nxg6 { White resigned as Black is up a whole rook. } 0-1
[Event "Varna Olympiad"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1962.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Fischer"]
[Black "Purevzhav"]
[Result "1-0"]
[PlyCount "43"]

1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 g6 6. Be3 Bg7 7. f3 Nc6 8. Qd2 O-O 9. Bc4 Nd7 { The slowest continuation accepted by theory. Black hopes to get play against White's queenside with his knights, but weakens his king position. } 10. O-O-O Nb6 11. Bb3 Na5 12. Qd3 { White doesn't want to allow either knight to move to c4, which would force him to give up his Be3. Black might then get strong play on the dark squares. } 12... Bd7 13. h4 Rc8 14. h5 { So White draws first blood. Once he takes on g6 he will be able to play Bh6, leaving Black's king naked to the wind. } 14... Nac4 15. hxg6 hxg6 { If 15...Nxe3, White would not play 16.gxh7+, when his own pawn on h7 would keep the kingside closed, but 16.gxf7+ Kh8 17.Qxe3, when h7 is a target and White already threatens 18.Rxh7+ Kxh7 19.Rh1+. } 16. Bh6 e6 17. f4 { Threatening 18.Qh3, when Black will have no defense to mate on h7 or h8. } 17... e5 18. Nf5 { Renewing the threat of Qh3. If Black takes the knight he gets mated after 18...gxf5 19.Bxg7 Kxg7 20.Qg3+ Kf6 21.Qg5+ Ke6 22.ef. } 18... Bxf5 19. exf5 Nxb2 { A last desparate bid for counterplay, but Fischer has seen everything. } 20. Kxb2 e4 21. Bxg7 { Black may have missed this move. He can't take the queen because of 22.f6 and mate on h8. } 21... Kxg7 22. Nxe4 1-0
[Event "Candidates Curacao"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1962.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Tal"]
[Black "Petrosian"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "40"]

1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Bg5 dxe4 5. Nxe4 Nbd7 6. Nxf6+ Nxf6 7. Nf3 c5 8. Qd3 Be7 9. Bxf6 Bxf6 10. Qb5+ { A bad move which wastes time while developing the Black pieces. } 10... Bd7 11. Qxb7 { Vulnerable b-pawns are often referred to as poisoned pawns because the time wasted in capturing them is often used by the opponent to develop forces and punish the greedy consumer. } 11... Rb8 12. Qxa7 Rxb2 13. Bd3 { White gives back the extra pawn fearing the Black bishop on f6. Now we see how the pawn he ate earlier turns out to be "poisoned". } 13... cxd4 14. O-O Bc6 { The tactics have cleared with Black standing better thanks to his two center pawns. } 15. Qa3 { White desperately tries to keep the Black king from castling. } 15... Qb6 16. Bc4 Rb4 { A good move which blocks the White queen from the a3-f8 diagonal. } 17. Qd3 O-O 18. a3 Ra4 19. Rfd1 Qa7 20. Ra2 Rxc4 { White resigned as 21. Qxc4 Bd5 followed by Bxa2 would leave White a piece down. } 0-1
[Event "Varna Olympiad"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1962.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Rivera"]
[Black "Fischer"]
[Result "0-1"]
[PlyCount "32"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. e3 d5 5. a3 Bxc3+ 6. bxc3 c5 7. Bd3 dxc4 8. Bxc4 Qc7 9. Bb3 b6 10. Ne2 O-O 11. Bb2 Nc6 12. O-O Na5 13. Ng3 Bb7 14. Rc1 { This loses instructively--White obviously saw Black's next but figured that after 15.f3 he had met the threat, but didn't notice that 14...Qb6 contained a subtler threat. } 14... Qc6 15. f3 Qb5 { The subtler threat of 14... Qb6--White must now lose a bishop, and, though he gives it a try, he can't trap Black's queen. } 16. Ba4 Qxb2 0-1