[Event "New York"]
[Site "?"]
[Date "1924.??.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Bogoljubow,E"]
[Black "Yates,F"]
[Result "1-0"]
[Annotator "Lopez "Battle Royale""]
[ECO "D65"]
[PlyCount "179"]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nf3 d5 4. Nc3 Be7 ( 4... Bb4 { This pin is also possible, after which White could play a2-a3 and "put the question" to the Bishop. } ) 5. Bg5 O-O 6. e3 { Note the way Bogo developed the Bishop before playing e2-e3. The Bishop is now outside the pawn chain and isn't obstructed by the e-pawn. } 6... Nbd7 7. Rc1 { Bogo anticipates opening the c-file with cxd5; the Rook is now in position to command the file after the pawn exchange. } 7... c6 8. Qc2 { A good spot for the Queen -- it commands the b1-h7 diagonal and will dominate the c-file once it opens. } 8... a6 { Yates prepares to play ...b5. } 9. cxd5 exd5 10. Bd3 { Bogo develops his Bishop to a fine unobstructed diagonal. Take note of his preparation. He's not just flying into an attack with two or three pieces -- instead he develops his forces to useful squares before launching an offensive. } 10... Re8 { Yates is also making good positional moves. The Rook goes to the half-open e-file to be able to control it once the dark-squared Bishop clears out of the way. } 11. O-O Nf8 { The Knight is maneuvering to g6. Yates sees that White's pieces are pointing toward the Kingside, so he prepares to meet the attack. } 12. a3 { Grabbing a bit of space. Now b4 is denied to the Black Bishop. } 12... Ng6 13. Ne5 { The White Knight plants itself on an outpost in Black's territory. Note that the Knight can't be dislodged by a pawn until Black moves his f6-Knight... } 13... Ng4 { ...which he does, uncovering an attack on the g5-Bishop from the Bishop on e7.. } 14. Bxe7 Qxe7 { This is probably the best way to recapture, as it creates a battery on the e-file. } 15. Nxg6 hxg6 { Now the pawns around the Black King have been weakened. } 16. h3 Nh6 17. Ne2 { Bogo shifts the Knight over to the Kingside. } 17... Qh4 18. Qc5 { Both players are trying to work their Queens into the game. } 18... g5 19. Qd6 g4 20. g3 ( 20. hxg4 Bxg4 { Instant attack! Black has three pieces in the vicinity of the White King. } 21. Qf4 { Pinning the Bishop to the Queen. Black's best option now is to just bail out by retreating the Queen to d8 or e7. } ) 20... Qe7 ( 20... Qxh3 { This is what Yates had originally planned... } 21. Nf4 { ...but we see now that his Queen gets trapped. } ) 21. Qxe7 Rxe7 { Why did Bogoljubow trade Queens? Take a look at the position:
 
1) Black no longer has an attack on the Kingside. With the Queen gone, Black's firepower is greatly reduced.
 
2) Black's pieces are very uncoordinated. The e7-Rook is misplaced and the Knight on h6 has limited range on the edge of the board. He also has doubled g-pawns.
 
3) White's pieces are better coordinated: his Rooks are connected, his Bishop commands the b1-h7 diagonal (leading to Black's King), his Knight is free to move to f4 (where it's supported by two pawns and controls vital squares on Black's half of the board), and none of his pawns are doubled.

With an overall better position, it was to Bogo's benefit to trade the Queens and reduce Black's chances of creating counterplay. } 22. h4 { Bogo eliminates any threat to the h3-pawn by simply advancing it. } 22... Bd7 23. Nf4 g6 24. b4 { Bogo's done all he can do on the Kingside for now, so he decides to start expanding on the Queenside. } 24... Bf5 25. a4 ( 25. Bxf5 Nxf5 { This would only waste a tempo to help Black improve the position of his Knight. } ) 25... Bxd3 26. Nxd3 a5 ( 26... Nf5 27. b5 axb5 28. axb5 cxb5 29. Rc5 ) 27. b5 ( 27. bxa5 Rxa5 28. Ra1 { And now a Rook has to be tied to the defense of the a-pawn. } ) 27... cxb5 28. axb5 { While it's true that the b5-pawn is isolated, it also blocks the advance of the Black b7-pawn, making the Black pawn weak due to its backward position. } 28... Nf5 29. Ne5 Kg7 30. Rc5 { Black now has two pawns in jeopardy. } 30... f6 31. Nxg4 Rd7 32. Rfc1 { Doubling the Rooks on the open file -- a standard strategic theme. } 32... Kf7 33. Rc7 Rd8 34. b6 ( 34. Rxd7+ Rxd7 { Black's plan now would be to bring his King over to the Queenside in support of his Rook, then try to trade Rooks. The Black King would then be well-placed to capture the b5-pawn and support an advance of the connected a- and b-pawns. This is why White declines the initial trade of a pair of Rooks. } ) 34... Ke6 { Yates is doing a good job of centralizing his King and improving his position, however slowly. } 35. R7c5 Ra8 36. Rc7 Rxc7 37. bxc7 Nd6 { The Knight keeps the promotion square covered. } 38. f3 a4 39. e4 a3 40. Nxf6 a2 ( 40... Kxf6 41. e5+ Ke6 42. exd6 Kd7 { Black is all tied up, trying to keep the c-pawn from promoting. White would then march his Kingside pawns forward, break through with another passed pawn, and win the game. } ( 42... Kxd6 43. c8=Q Rxc8 44. Rxc8 { Followed by Ra8 and the capture of the Black a-pawn. } ) ) 41. Ra1 { Forced, otherwise the pawn promotes and White goes down a Rook. } 41... Kxf6 42. e5+ Ke6 43. exd6 Kd7 ( 43... Kxd6 44. c8=Q Rxc8 45. Rxa2 { White has the advantage -- he has a one pawn material advantage plus three connected pawns, while all of Black's pawns are isolated. } ) 44. Kf2 { Bogo finally starts getting his King centralized. } 44... b5 { Red alert! If the b-pawn manages to join up with its brother on the a-file, White's in serious trouble! } 45. Ke1 b4 46. Kd2 { The King races to the Queenside to break up the Black pawn duo. } 46... Kxd6 47. c8=Q { 47...Kxc7 was next, so Bogo gives up the pawn to lure the Rook away from the a-file. } 47... Rxc8 48. Rxa2 { Now the b4-pawn is considerably less dangerous. } 48... Rc6 { Blocking Ra6+. } 49. Ra7 { By coming here, the White Rook prevents the Black Rook from defending the b-pawn by ...Rb6. } 49... Ke6 50. Rb7 Rc3 51. Ke2 b3 52. g4 Kf6 53. Rb6+ Kf7 54. g5 Kg7 55. Rb5 Rc2+ 56. Kd3 Rh2 57. Rxb3 Rxh4 { Yates is following a standard bit of advice here: when you're behind by a pawn, trade pawns. It's harder for your opponent to win with just a single pawn on the board than it is for him to win with multiple pawns. } 58. Rb7+ Kg8 59. Rd7 Rf4 60. Ke3 Rf5 61. f4 Kf8 62. Kf3 Kg8 63. Kg4 Kf8 64. Ra7 Kg8 65. Re7 Rf8 66. Re5 Rd8 67. Re6 Kf7 68. Rf6+ Kg7 69. f5 gxf5+ 70. Kxf5 { This sequence seems to be a contradiction to the note to Black's 57th move. The reason why Bogo traded off a set of pawns here is because in doing so he's created a passed g-pawn. This gives Black something to think about -- he has to prevent this pawn from promoting. Meanwhile his own pawn is blocked by the White d5-pawn so he can't create similar promotion threats. } 70... Rd7 71. Ke6 Ra7 72. Ke5 Ra1 73. Rd6 ( 73. Kxd5 Ra5+ 74. Kd6 Rxg5 ) 73... Re1+ 74. Kf5 Rf1+ 75. Ke6 Kg6 76. Rxd5 Rd1 77. Kd6 Kh5 78. Kc5 Rc1+ 79. Kb4 Rb1+ 80. Kc3 Rc1+ 81. Kd2 Rg1 82. Re5 Rg3 83. Re3 Rxg5 84. Kd3 { Present-day computer analysis shows that there's no way for Black to win (assuming perfect play for both sides). Of course, there's always the chance for a draw (given an error by White), so Yates struggles on. } 84... Ra5 85. Ke4 Kg6 86. Rf3 Kg7 87. d5 Ra7 88. Ke5 Re7+ 89. Kd6 Ra7 90. Ke6 { Yates finally admits the hopelessness of his position -- it certainly doesn't look like Bogoljubow is going to make a mistake. The Englishman finally throws in the towel and resigns. } ( 90. Ke6 Ra2 91. d6 Re2+ 92. Kd7 Rd2 93. Rf4 Kh6 94. Rf6+ Kg5 95. Ke7 Rd3 ( 95... Re2+ 96. Re6 Rh2 97. d7 Kg4 98. d8=Q Rh7+ 99. Kf6 Rh6+ 100. Kg7 Rh2 101. Qd5 Kf4 102. Qe5+ Kf3 103. Qxh2 ) 96. Re6 Rh3 97. d7 Kg4 98. d8=Q Rh7+ 99. Kf6 Rh6+ 100. Kg7 Rh3 101. Re4+ Kf3 102. Qh4 Rxh4 103. Rxh4 ) 1-0