HuggingFaceH4/databricks_dolly_15k huggingface dataset:
Instruction: Based on the following passage summarise how sunsets are viewed from the northern hemisphere across seasons.

Context: Sunset, also known as sundown, is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon due to Earth's rotation. As viewed from everywhere on Earth (except the North and South poles), the equinox Sun sets due west at the moment of both the spring and autumn equinoxes. As viewed from the Northern Hemisphere, the Sun sets to the northwest (or not at all) in the spring and summer, and to the southwest in the autumn and winter; these seasons are reversed for the Southern Hemisphere.
The time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the upper limb of the Sun disappears below the horizon. Near the horizon, atmospheric refraction causes sunlight rays to be distorted to such an extent that geometrically the solar disk is already about one diameter below the horizon when a sunset is observed.
Sunset is distinct from twilight, which is divided into three stages. The first one is civil twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappeared below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon. The second phase is nautical twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon. The third phase is astronomical twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon. Dusk is at the very end of astronomical twilight, and is the darkest moment of twilight just before night. Finally, night occurs when the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon and no longer illuminates the sky.
Locations further north than the Arctic Circle and further south than the Antarctic Circle experience no full sunset or sunrise on at least one day of the year, when the polar day or the polar night persists continuously for 24 hours.

Response: When viewed from the Northern Hemisphere, the Sun sets to the northwest (or not at all) in the spring and summer, and to the southwest in the autumn and winter; these seasons are reversed for the Southern Hemisphere.
Instruction: What cities should someone visit during a trip to Morocco?


Response: There are many wonderful cities to visit during a trip to Morocco.  The decision of which cities to visit depends on the traveller's goals and interests because Morocco has something for everyone.  The largest airports are in the cities of Casablanca and Marrakech, so if traveling by air, those are good cities to fly into and out of.  Other cities that are popular among visitors include Fez and Tangier.  Cities along the Atlantic Coast of Morocco are popular for their beaches including Agadir and Essaouira.  The city of Chefchaouen is also very popular among visitors for its blue buildings.
Instruction: Which classical composer was deaf?


Response: Ludwig van Beethoven
Instruction: Who discovered the double-helix DNA structure?


Response: James Watson and Francis Crick identified the double-helix structure of deoxyribonucleic acid in 1953.
Instruction: Why age 27 is given so much importance specially in Music industry?


Response: Several renowned music artists died at age 27 which is also sometimes referred as the "27 Club". Often times, the cause of the death is attributed to drug and alcohol abuse or some form of violence like homicide, self harm or accidents. Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison, Kurt Cobain and Amy Winehouse are some of the few notable personalities in music industry who died at this age.
Instruction: What is Bollywood


Response: Bollywood is a movie industry based in Mumbai, India. It primarily makes movies in Hindi language. Since it was based in a city previously known as Bombay, a convenient moniker Bollywood resembling Hollywood is used to describe Hindi language film industry.
Instruction: What are Nanotube?


Response: Nanotubes, often known as Carbon Nanotubes, are light, strong shapes made of Carbon atoms.  Nanotubes are shaped like tiny straws with walls as thin as one carbon atom.  They are considered as the strongest of any material known to man.  Nanotubes have many practical uses, one of which is to make the darkest black paint.
Instruction: Write the first paragraph of a blog post describing the appeal of Boston as a tourist destination


Response: Boston is a vibrant city with a rich history, incredible architecture, and diverse culture. Its cobblestone streets, charming neighborhoods, and vibrant nightlife make it an ideal destination for visitors. From the Freedom Trail to the Boston Common, Boston offers visitors a unique experience unlike any other. From historic sites to vibrant nightlife, Boston is a great place to visit and explore. The suburbs are great too.
Instruction: What is a secured loan?


Response: A secured loan is a form of debt in which the borrower pledges some asset (i.e., a car, a house) as collateral.
Instruction: Should I have Kids?


Response: That is a personal question and one should think about this very carefully. Things to consider:

1. How old are you?
2. Can you afford to raise the child 
3. Do you have proper healthcare
4. Do you have anyone to help you
5. Do you like kids
6. Why do you want kids
Instruction: Give me 3 ideas for hobbies that I can recommend to somebody who is retiring. These should all be activities that require gentle movement and are not overly demanding on the body.


Response: Retirement is an exciting opportunity for people to develop and cultivate their passions. Here are a few ideas you could recommend that are both gentle on the body but require some movement:
- Gardening: while this is a seasonal pursuit, deciding on which seeds to plant, nursing them through a growing season, and learning the ins and outs of the hobby can become a lifelong passion for those with a "green thumb"
- Walking and picking up trash: carry a bag and "grabber" pinchers to collect trash in your community while staying active on a walk. Rubber-tipped pinchers means you will not need to bend or stretch too far to reach, and you will be surprised how much of a difference this makes to your community members!
- Fishing: most fishing can be done from the banks of a river or lake, and is a great way to experience the calming effects of a body of water while still being physically active. Whether fly fishing or reel fishing, many people who have entered retirement find this an engaging way to engage with nature either solo or as part of a community of fisher-people.
Instruction: Name some reasons it's great to live in Marin County, California.


Response: Marin County is a great place to live for many reasons, including the beautiful scenery, the mild, pleasant weather, and the abundance of outdoor activities, while at the same time being close to San Francisco. Mountain biking on the fire trails in the hills of Marin, and climbing various hilltops is very enjoyable. There are fantastic views of the city of San Francisco, and of San Francisco Bay from many points in the county. Walking or biking the Tiburon Bike Path is also great fun. From Marin it's easy to take great day trips to nearby Napa and Sonoma counties, to enjoy their beautiful natural settings and to visit the wineries and nice restaurants.
Instruction: Who was the first American to win a Nobel Peace?


Response: Theodore Roosevelt
Instruction: What is the FA Cup?


Response: The Football Association Challenge Cup, more commonly known as the FA Cup, is an annual knockout football competition in men's domestic English football. First played during the 1871–72 season, it is the oldest national football competition in the world. It is organised by and named after The Football Association (The FA). Since 2015, it has been known as The Emirates FA Cup after its headline sponsor. A concurrent Women's FA Cup has been held since 1970.

The competition is open to all eligible clubs down to Level 9 of the English football league system with Level 10 clubs acting as stand-ins in the event of non-entries from above. Included in the competition are 20 professional clubs in the Premier League (level 1), 72 professional clubs in the English Football League (levels 2 to 4), and all clubs in steps 1–5 of the National League System (levels 5 to 9) as well as a tiny number of step 6 clubs acting as stand-ins for non-entries above. A record 763 clubs competed in 2011–12. The tournament consists of 12 randomly drawn rounds followed by the semi-finals and the final. Entrants are not seeded, although a system of byes based on league level ensures higher ranked teams enter in later rounds – the minimum number of games needed to win, depending on which round a team enters the competition, ranges from six to fourteen.

The first six rounds are the Qualifying Competition, from which 32 teams progress to the first round of the Competition Proper, meeting the first of the 48 professional teams from Leagues One and Two. The last entrants are the Premier League and Championship clubs, into the draw for the Third Round Proper. In the modern era, only one non-League team has ever reached the quarter-finals, and teams below Level 2 have never reached the final. As a result, significant focus is given to the smaller teams who progress furthest, especially if they achieve an unlikely "giant-killing" victory.

Winners receive the FA Cup trophy, of which there have been two designs and five actual cups; the latest is a 2014 replica of the second design, introduced in 1911. Winners also qualify for the UEFA Europa League and a place in the upcoming FA Community Shield. Arsenal are the most successful club with fourteen titles and Arsène Wenger is the most successful manager in the history of the competition, having won seven finals as Arsenal's manager.

Liverpool are the current holders, having beaten Chelsea 6–5 on penalties following a 0–0 draw in the 2022 final.
Instruction: Are Schindler elevators safe

Context: Schindler Holding Ltd. is a Swiss multinational company which manufactures escalators, moving walkways, and elevators worldwide, founded in Switzerland in 1874. Schindler produces, installs, maintains and modernizes lifts and escalators in many types of buildings including residential, commercial and high-rise buildings.

The company is present in over 140 countries and employs more than 66,000 people worldwide.[3] The production facilities are located in Brazil, China, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, India and the United States.[4] All operations and subsidiaries of Schindler Group are organised into Schindler Holding Ltd. (German: Schindler Holding AG, French: Schindler Holding S.A.), which is publicly traded on SIX Swiss Exchange.

Response: Schindler Holding Ltd. is a Swiss multinational company which manufactures escalators, moving walkways, and elevators worldwide, founded in Switzerland in 1874. Schindler produces, installs, maintains and modernizes lifts and escalators in many types of buildings including residential, commercial and high-rise buildings.

The company is present in over 140 countries and employs more than 66,000 people worldwide. The production facilities are located in Brazil, China, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, India and the United States. All operations and subsidiaries of Schindler Group are organised into Schindler Holding Ltd., which is publicly traded on SIX Swiss Exchange.
Instruction: What are the 4 oceans on earth


Response: Atlantic Ocean
Arctic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Indian Ocean
Instruction: Did Harry Potter put his own name in the goblet of fire?


Response: Harry did not put his own name in the goblet of fire. Barty Crouch Junior, using polyjuice potion to disguise himself as Alistair Moody, put Harry's name in the goblet of fire as part of his plan to deliver Harry into Lord Voldemort's hands.
Instruction: Why does it help to focus on the breath when practicing mindfulness?


Response: The art of meditation, which is another name for the practice of mindfulness, is all about being in the present.  In other words, cultivating an awareness of what is happening in the present moment.  This is done by quietening the mind of all the random thoughts that are being continuously generated, and having the senses alerted to the signals that are being passed in the moment.  The signals are the sensations or emotions or sounds that one is feeling and hearing in the present moment.  To accomplish this, the breath serves as an anchor to the present moment.  Being aware of one's breath keeps us in the present moment.  When the mind eventually wanders, the breath is a signal to tune back into the present moment.  The breath is always with us and can be found in an instant.
Instruction: What's the best way to learn how to snowboard?


Response: There are many options available to learn how to snowboard. You can seek out professional lessons from an instructor, often available at your local ski resort.  You can also read articles online, or watch online videos from professional instructors.  Another option would be to get lessons from a friend who's snowboarded for a long time.  While this can be an easy and inexpensive option, it may not be as effective as learning from a professional.  Friends who snowboard may know how to snowboard well, but, they may not be great instructors.  Plus, it's often easy to get frustrated with people you know really well.  You can avoid those headaches by getting a professional lesson.  It will reduce your stress level and likely make you a better snowboarder in a shorter period of time.  Have fun on the slopes and stay safe!
Instruction: What was Angie Thomas's first published novel?


Response: "The Hate U Give" which was released in 2017 and debuted at number one on The New York Times Best Seller list.
Instruction: Based on this paragraph, how many younger siblings did Kennedy have?

Context: Kennedy was born on February 22, 1932, at St. Margaret's Hospital in the Dorchester section of Boston, Massachusetts.[1] He was the youngest of the nine children of Joseph Patrick Kennedy and Rose Fitzgerald, members of prominent Irish American families in Boston.[1] They constituted one of the wealthiest families in the nation after their marriage.[2] His eight siblings were Joseph Jr., John, Rosemary, Kathleen, Eunice, Patricia, Robert, and Jean. His older brother John asked to be the newborn's godfather, a request his parents honored, though they did not agree to his request to name the baby George Washington Kennedy (Ted was born on President George Washington's 200th birthday). They named the boy after their father's assistant.[3]

Response: Based on this paragraph, Kennedy had no younger siblings, as he was the youngest of nine children.
Instruction: What are some of the common elements of visual design?

Context: Design elements are the basic units of any visual design which form its structure and convey visual messages. Painter and design theorist Maitland E. Graves (1902-1978), who attempted to gestate the fundamental principles of aesthetic order in visual design,[3] in his book, The Art of Color and Design (1941), defined the elements of design as line, direction, shape, size, texture, value, and color, concluding that "these elements are the materials from which all designs are built."

Response: Line, shape, size, texture, color and direction are some of the common visual design elements.
Instruction: What is the difference between a shrub and a tree?


Response: Some biologists maintain that there is no genetic difference between shrubs and trees - some species may have expressions in tree form and shrub form.  Other scientists believe that the physical form is essential and that shrubs are distinct from trees.
Instruction: As an expert skier, what are the top resorts in the US to go skiing?


Response: There are many ski resorts in the United States that offer challenging terrain for expert level skiers.  Som of the top resorts are: Big Sky, Jackson Hole, Pallisades, Crested Butte, Telluride, and Silverthorn
Instruction: Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Hulk, Spectre


Response: Spectre is DC, Hulk is Marvel
Instruction: Extract why Tim Lincecum was called "The Freak"

Context: Timothy Leroy Lincecum (/ˈlɪnsəkʌm/ LIN-sə-kum;[1] born June 15, 1984), nicknamed "The Freak", "The Franchise", "The Freaky Franchise" and "Big Time Timmy Jim",[2] is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Francisco Giants (2007 to 2015) and Los Angeles Angels (2016). A two-time Cy Young Award winner, Lincecum helped the Giants win three World Series championships from 2010 through 2014.

Response: Nicknamed "The Freak" for his ability to generate powerful pitches despite his slight physique (5 feet 11 inches, 170 pounds), the power pitcher led the National League in strikeouts for three consecutive years in a span from 2008 to 2010. He also led the league in shutouts in 2009 and won the Babe Ruth Award in 2010 as the most valuable player of the MLB postseason. Lincecum won consecutive Cy Young Awards in 2008 and 2009, becoming the first MLB pitcher to win the award in his first two full seasons. He also appeared in four consecutive All-Star Games from 2008 through 2011 and pitched no-hitters in 2013 and 2014.
Instruction: Which players won the men's singles grand slam tennis tournaments in 2022.


Response: The following players won the men's singles grand slam tennis tournaments in 2022:
- Rafael Nadal won the Australian Open and the French Open
- Novak Djokovic won Wimbledon
- Carlos Alcaraz won the US Open
Instruction: Can you tell me something about Stanley J. Goldberg

Context: Stanley J. Goldberg (born Maryland, 1939) is a special trial judge of the United States Tax Court.

Goldberg attended public schools in Baltimore, MD. He earned a B.S. from the University of Maryland, School of Business and Public Administration in 1960 and an LL.B. from the University of Maryland School of Law in 1964. He did graduate work in Federal Income Taxation at New York University. Goldberg was admitted to practice in Maryland and New Jersey, 1964 and 1967, and Federal District Court. He began his career as a Tax Attorney in January 1965 with the United States Department of Treasury, Office of Chief Counsel, Internal Revenue Service, in New York City and was initially assigned to the General Litigation function. In 1967, he was reassigned to the Tax Litigation function. In 1976, he was promoted to Special Trial Attorney, and then to Assistant District Counsel in 1984. He was appointed a Special Trial Judge of the United States Tax Court on August 4, 1985.

In 1992, Goldberg commented on the trend of tax protester arguments being brought before the Tax Court and dismissed with penalties.[1]

Response: Stanley J. Goldberg (born Maryland, 1939) is a special trial judge of the United States Tax Court.

Goldberg attended public schools in Baltimore, MD. He earned a B.S. from the University of Maryland, School of Business and Public Administration in 1960 and an LL.B. from the University of Maryland School of Law in 1964. He did graduate work in Federal Income Taxation at New York University. Goldberg was admitted to practice in Maryland and New Jersey, 1964 and 1967, and Federal District Court. 

He began his career as a Tax Attorney in January 1965 with the United States Department of Treasury, Office of Chief Counsel, Internal Revenue Service, in New York City and was initially assigned to the General Litigation function. In 1967, he was reassigned to the Tax Litigation function. In 1976, he was promoted to Special Trial Attorney, and then to Assistant District Counsel in 1984. He was appointed a Special Trial Judge of the United States Tax Court on August 4, 1985.

In 1992, Goldberg commented on the trend of tax protester arguments being brought before the Tax Court and dismissed with penalties.
Instruction: Please summarize the causes and cure for color blindness given in the passage?

Context: The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited problem or variation in the functionality of one or more of the three classes of cone cells in the retina, which mediate color vision.[2] The most common form is caused by a genetic disorder called congenital red–green color blindness. Males are more likely to be color blind than females, because the genes responsible for the most common forms of color blindness are on the X chromosome.[2] Non-color-blind females can carry genes for color blindness and pass them on to their children.[2] Color blindness can also result from physical or chemical damage to the eye, the optic nerve, or parts of the brain.[2] Screening for color blindness is typically done with the Ishihara color test.[2]

There is no cure for color blindness.[2] Diagnosis may allow an individual, or their parents/teachers to actively accommodate the condition.[1] Special lenses such as EnChroma glasses or X-chrom contact lenses may help people with red–green color blindness at some color tasks,[2] but they do not grant the wearer "normal color vision".[3] Mobile apps can help people identify colors.[2]

Response: The most common cause of color blindness is genetic disorder. Males are more likely to be color blind than females, because the genes responsible for the same are present on the X chromosome. Females who are non-color blind could still carry and pass on genes for color blindness. Any kind of physical or chemical damage to the eye, optic nerve or brain could also lead to the same.

There is no cure for color blindness. Affected people can actively accommodate the condition or use special glasses or lenses that can help people with red-green color blindness to a certain extent. There are mobile apps available as well to help identify colors.
Instruction: How can I improve my finances?


Response: Determine your short and long term financial goals. 
Create a budget based on your total income, necessary, and discretionary expenses. 
Pay down high interest debt first, such as credit card debt.
Pay off your credit cards in full each month. 
Create an emergency fund that covers 3-6 months of expenses.
Max out your 401K contributions every year.
Use a high interest savings account instead of saving money with a traditional bank so you don't lose money due to inflation. 
Create a diversified investment account.
Hire a financial planner to manage your assets. 
Turn a hobby into a second job and earn passive income. 
Reduce temptations to overspend by setting up an automatic transfer from your paycheck into a savings account.
Instruction: What is Zenthoefer Furs

Context: Zenthoefer Furs were an amateur U.S. soccer club which played in St. Louis, Missouri during the late 1940s and early 1950s.

They had played as a junior squad named Schumachers in the 1947-48 season where they fell short of national honors when they lost in the final round of the National Junior Cup to Lighthouse Boys of Philadelphia. The Zenthoefers turned senior the next season. Under the guidance of manager George E. McGann they made their way to the 1949 National Amateur Cup final losing to SC Elizabeth by a 6-1 score. They also lost to the Chicago Polish-Americans 5-1 in the 1949 National Challenge Cup quarterfinals. In 1951, they won the St. Louis Major League by ten points over St. Louis Simpkins-Ford. In 1952, they entered the American Soccer League of St. Louis.

Response: Zenthoefer Furs were an amateur U.S. soccer club which played in St. Louis, Missouri during the late 1940s and early 1950s.
Instruction: What are the three branches of the US Federal Government?


Response: The US Constitution divides the federal government into three branches: legislative, executive and judicial.  This ensures that no individual or group will have too much power.