HuggingFaceH4/databricks_dolly_15k huggingface dataset:
Instruction: What is a PFD?

Context: Process engineering involves the utilization of multiple tools and methods. Depending on the exact nature of the system, processes need to be simulated and modeled using mathematics and computer science. Processes where phase change and phase equilibria are relevant require analysis using the principles and laws of thermodynamics to quantify changes in energy and efficiency. In contrast, processes that focus on the flow of material and energy as they approach equilibria are best analyzed using the disciplines of fluid mechanics and transport phenomena. Disciplines within the field of mechanics need to be applied in the presence of fluids or porous and dispersed media. Materials engineering principles also need to be applied, when relevant.[1]

Manufacturing in the field of process engineering involves an implementation of process synthesis steps.[2] Regardless of the exact tools required, process engineering is then formatted through the use of a process flow diagram (PFD) where material flow paths, storage equipment (such as tanks and silos), transformations (such as distillation columns, receiver/head tanks, mixing, separations, pumping, etc.) and flowrates are specified, as well as a list of all pipes and conveyors and their contents, material properties such as density, viscosity, particle-size distribution, flowrates, pressures, temperatures, and materials of construction for the piping and unit operations.[1]

Response: PFD is an abbreviation for process flow diagram.

Process flow diagrams specify material flow paths, storage equipment (such as tanks and silos), transformations (such as distillation columns, receiver/head tanks, mixing, separations, pumping, etc.), and flowrates. They also list all pipes and conveyors and their contents, material properties such as density, viscosity, particle-size distribution, flowrates, pressures, temperatures, and materials of construction for the piping and unit operations.
Instruction: Given this reference text that describes the importance of tigers in chinese culture, what do they symbolize in modern China and what types were common in the northeast?

Context: Tigers have been of great importance in Chinese culture since the earliest surviving records of Chinese history, with the character 虎 appearing on the Shang-era oracle bones. In prehistoric China, the Siberian, South China, and Bengal tigers were common in the northeast, southeast, and southwest respectively and tigers figures prominently in myth, astrology, Chinese poetry, painting, and other fields. Most prominently, the tiger has long been regarded as a major symbol of masculine yang energy and the king of the animals. In modern China, it generally represents power, fearlessness, and wrath

Response: Tigers symbolize power, fearlessness and wrath in modern China.  Bengal tigers were common in the northeast.
Instruction: What's a good approach to learning a foreign language?


Response: Language learning requires continuous and regular practice and many hours of effort. However there are tried and true techniques for learning a foreign language that will help you develop fluency quickly:

1) Immerse yourself in the foreign language by reading magazine articles, books, and newspapers.  Also watch movies, television shows, or online videos in the target language, preferably with subtitles in the foreign language.  In addition, you can listen to music and podcasts in the language that you are studying.  The goal is to find a variety of content on diverse topics that interest you and to develop both listening and reading skills. 

2) Find a meet-up group or online conversation partner that is willing to speak with you on a variety of topics in the foreign language you are studying.  Because there are many people who are interested in learning your language, you should be able to find someone who can help you with their's. 

3) Use computer Apps like Duolingo to help you memorize vocabulary.  Apps like Duolingo or Babbel help you learn vocabulary through constant repetition of important words.  Through regular, daily practice, you will find it easier to remember words when you are conversing with someone in a foreign language.    

4) Learn grammar using a qualified teacher.  Individuals who have experience in foreign language pedagogy can assist you with understanding complex grammatical rules.  Grammar is something that cannot be easily picked up through immersion and it is important that you get assistance from a professional when mastering a foreign grammar.  This will help you sound educated and intelligence when you speak the foreign language.
Instruction: Where was the 2nd edition of Indian and Bangladesh Navies held?


Response: The 2nd edition of Indian and Bangladesh Navies was held in Bay of Bengal
Instruction: What is an onigiri made of?

Context: Onigiri (お握り or 御握り), also known as omusubi (お結び), nigirimeshi (握り飯), or rice ball, is a Japanese food made from white rice formed into triangular or cylindrical shapes and often wrapped in nori.[a] Traditionally, an onigiri is filled with pickled ume (umeboshi), salted salmon, katsuobushi, kombu, tarako, mentaiko, takanazuke (pickled takana, Japanese giant red mustard greens) or any other salty or sour ingredient as a natural preservative. Most Japanese convenience stores stock their onigiri with various fillings and flavors. There are even specialized shops which only sell onigiri to take out. Due to the popularity of this trend in Japan, onigiri has become a popular staple in Japanese restaurants worldwide.

Response: Onigiri is a Japanese food made from white rice formed into triangular or cylindrical shapes and often wrapped in nori (seaweed). Traditionally, an onigiri is filled with pickled ume (umeboshi), salted salmon, katsuobushi, kombu, tarako, mentaiko, takanazuke (pickled takana, Japanese giant red mustard greens) or any other salty or sour ingredient as a natural preservative.
Instruction: What is special about the number 1729?

Context: The number 1729 is known as the Hardy–Ramanujan number after a famous visit by Hardy to see Ramanujan at a hospital. In Hardy's words:[117]

I remember once going to see him when he was ill at Putney. I had ridden in taxi cab number 1729 and remarked that the number seemed to me rather a dull one, and that I hoped it was not an unfavorable omen. "No", he replied, "it is a very interesting number; it is the smallest number expressible as the sum of two cubes in two different ways."

Immediately before this anecdote, Hardy quoted Littlewood as saying, "Every positive integer was one of [Ramanujan's] personal friends."[118]

The two different ways are:

1729
=
1
3
+
12
3
=
9
3
+
10
3
.
{\displaystyle 1729=1^{3}+12^{3}=9^{3}+10^{3}.}
Generalisations of this idea have created the notion of "taxicab numbers".

Response: 1729, known as the Hardy–Ramanujan number, is the smallest integer that can be expressed as the sum of the cubes of two unique pairs of integers.
Instruction: When was the newest country created?


Response: South Sudan became a country in July 2011.
Instruction: What is deafblindness

Context: Deafblindness is the condition of little or no useful hearing and little or no useful sight.[1][2] Different degrees of vision loss and auditory loss occur within each individual.[3] Because of this inherent diversity, each deafblind individual's needs regarding lifestyle, communication, education, and work need to be addressed based on their degree of dual-modality deprivation, to improve their ability to live independently. In 1994, an estimated 35,000–40,000 United States residents were medically deafblind.[4] Helen Keller was a well-known example of a deafblind individual.[5] To further her lifelong mission to help the deafblind community to expand its horizons and gain opportunities, the Helen Keller National Center for Deaf-Blind Youths and Adults (also called the Helen Keller National Center or HKNC), with a residential training program in Sands Point, New York, was established in 1967 by an act of Congress.

The deafblind community has its own culture, comparable to those of the deaf community and the blind community. Members of the deafblind community have diverse backgrounds but are united by similar experiences and a shared, homogeneous understanding of what it means to be deafblind.[6] Some deafblind individuals view their condition as a part of their identity.[7]

Response: Deafblindness is the condition of little or no useful hearing and little or no useful sight. Different degrees of vision loss and auditory loss occur within each individual. Because of this inherent diversity, each deafblind individual's needs regarding lifestyle, communication, education, and work need to be addressed based on their degree of dual-modality deprivation, to improve their ability to live independently. In 1994, an estimated 35,000–40,000 United States residents were medically deafblind. Helen Keller was a well-known example of a deafblind individual. To further her lifelong mission to help the deafblind community to expand its horizons and gain opportunities, the Helen Keller National Center for Deaf-Blind Youths and Adults (also called the Helen Keller National Center or HKNC), with a residential training program in Sands Point, New York, was established in 1967 by an act of Congress.

The deafblind community has its own culture, comparable to those of the deaf community and the blind community. Members of the deafblind community have diverse backgrounds but are united by similar experiences and a shared, homogeneous understanding of what it means to be deafblind.[6] Some deafblind individuals view their condition as a part of their identity.
Instruction: What are the colors of the sky during a sunset?


Response: The sky is blue, pink and purple during a sunset
Instruction: What is the difference between a donut and a scone?


Response: A donut is a fried piece of dough, generally made from flour, eggs and liquor. It tends to be airy and soft. A scone is a dense pastry baked in the oven, as opposed to fried. Scones are more akin to bread and can be either savory or sweet.
Instruction: How many people initially formed the band Raeth?

Context: Raeth was initially formed in 2006 by four students from Karachi, Pakistan — Wajhi Farooki (vocals), Mustafa Asad (bass), and Hasan Farabi (lead guitar). The band was launched in 2006 by Fire Records at a local beach club in DHA.

Response: four
Instruction: Brainstorm a list of 9 different dishes for a Thanksgiving meal


Response: Turkey, Cranberry Sauce, Mashed Potatoes, Stuffing, Sweet Potato Casserole, Green Beans, Dinner Rolls, Salad, Pumpkin Pie
Instruction: Classify the following as either muscle car or minivan: Odyssey, Mustang, Sienna, Camero, Challenger


Response: Muscle car: Mustang, Camero, Challenger
Minivan: Odyssey, Sienna
Instruction: What is the official language in Brazil?


Response: Many assume that in Brazil the official language is Spanish because it's the official language in many countries in South America, but in Brazil the official language is Portuguese. Brazil is the largest Portuguese-speaking country in the world.
Instruction: You are getting ready for your soccer game and look into your soccer bag. Which of the following items are part of your soccer equipment: cleats, boots, tights, jersey, swimsuit, milk, carrots, water, shin guards, socks, folder, racket, glove


Response: soccer equipment: cleats, boots, jersey, water, shin guards, socks, ball
Instruction: Why is the sky blue?


Response: Because the Earth's atmosphere scatters the light of the sun, and blue light scatters more readily than other colors in the spectrum, we tend to see the sky as blue.

Light can be affected by the medium it passes through. For example, a prism separates white light into a spectrum of colors, and a mirror reflects the light entirely. When it passes through the atmosphere, light gets scattered. If unimpeded, the light of the sun is white.

Blue light has a shorter wavelength than other colors of light, and it scatters more easily. It is this scattering which makes it perceptible to the human eye.When the sun starts to set, the light is passing through even more atmosphere, and yet further colors are visible (such as orange and red).

You can read more at https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/blue-sky/en/, where I researched this answer.
Instruction: Alfred Jingle appears in which Dickens novel


Response: The Pickwick Papers
Instruction: What sacrifices did Ons's parents make to help her tennis career?

Context: Ons Jabeur was born to Samira and Ridha Jabeur in Ksar Hellal, a small town in Tunisia.[4] She grew up in the larger nearby coastal town of Sousse.[5] Jabeur has two older brothers, Hatem and Marwen, and an older sister, Yasmine.[4][6] Her mother played tennis recreationally and introduced her to the sport at the age of three.[7] Jabeur trained under coach Nabil Mlika for ten years from ages four to thirteen, originally starting to work with him at a tennis promotion centre at her school. When she was ten years old, her club did not have their own tennis courts and she could only train on courts at nearby hotels.[8] At twelve years old, Jabeur moved to the capital city of Tunis to train at the Lycée Sportif El Menzah, a national sport high school for the country's up-and-coming athletes, where she stayed for several years.[5]

She also later trained in Belgium and France starting at the age of 16.[5][8] Jabeur credits her parents for the sacrifices they made when she was growing up, saying, "My parents sacrificed a lot of things – my mom used to drive me everywhere around Tunisia to go play the tournaments, and she encouraged me to go to a special school to study. That was a big sacrifice to see her little girl going for a dream that, honestly, wasn't 100% guaranteed. She believed in me and gave me the confidence to be there."[7]

Response: Ons's mother used to drive Ons all around Tunisia to play tennis tournaments and encouraged Ons to go to a special school to study.
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Lirone, Fife


Response: Fife is woodwind, Lirone is string.
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the top five most followed people on instagram.


Response: 1. @cristiano
2. @leomessi
3. @selenagomez
4. @kyliejenner
5. @therock
Instruction: Why is football/soccer such a popular sport?


Response: I believe that football/soccer is a popular sport for various reasons. On one hand, everyone has kicked a ball in his or her childhood and can relate to the basic movement. On the other hand, it has very easy-to-follow rules which makes it possible to understand the game when you watch it the first time. Football stars are best known throughout a wide general range of people across the world.
Instruction: I'm going to give you a passage from Marty Essen's book "Cool Creatures, Hot Planet: Exploring the Seven Continents" and want you to answer the following question: Where are western Hermann's tortoises found?

After spending the night at a large chain hotel, Deb and I traveled southeast with tortoises on our mind. Our plan for the day was to infiltrate the Massif des Maures area and search for one of France's most endangered reptiles-- the western Hermann's tortoise.  The first stop of our quest was Le Village de Tortues (the Tortoise Village), a tortoise rehabilitation center near the town of Gonfaron. Our mission was to befriend a staff member, learn as much as we could, and get detailed information on tracking down the wily Hermann's tortoise in the wild. When we couldn't find an English-speaking staff member, our mission was nearly thwarted. Only through quick thinking and improvisation were we able to acquire the vital background information we needed. Okay - we utilized the signs provided for British visitors. For many people, the word tortoise invokes thoughts of giant four-foot-long Galapagos tortoises. Western Hermann's tortoises, on the other hand, are small, reaching a maximum length of eight inches. While both reptiles make the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, the Galapagos tortoise is listed as "vulnerable" and the western Hermann's is listed as "endangered." In France, habitat destruction, egg pilfering, and fire are the primary factors for the tortoises decline.


Response: Western Hermann's tortoises are found in Massif des Maures, an area in France. They are also found in a tortoise rehabilitation center, Le Village de Tortues, near Gonfaron.
Instruction: What is EDM?


Response: EDM is short for electronic dance music. It is a genre that is made up or electronic musical melodies and is sometimes referred to as club or dance music.
Instruction: What is the FDIC?


Response: The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is a United States government corporation supplying deposit insurance to depositors in American commercial banks and savings banks. The FDIC was created by the Banking Act of 1933, enacted during the Great Depression to restore trust in the American banking system. More than one-third of banks failed in the years before the FDIC's creation, and bank runs were common. The insurance limit was initially US$2,500 per ownership category, and this was increased several times over the years. Since the enactment of the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act in 2010, the FDIC insures deposits in member banks up to $250,000 per ownership category. FDIC insurance is backed by the full faith and credit of the government of the United States, and according to the FDIC, "since its start in 1933 no depositor has ever lost a penny of FDIC-insured funds".
Instruction: Can you paint watercolor styled painting with acrylics?


Response: Yes, you can! The idea is to dilute your paint as much as possible to get the water transparency of watercolor. The process might take a bit of challenge as the opacity of acrylic paint is very thick, but with time and experience, it is possible. The best thing is to combine this watercolor effect with other streak using the opacity of acrylic paint to give multiple effect to your painting, such as finishing details and specks of paint on the last layers.
Instruction: Tell me whether these are countries or continents


Response: Africa, Asia, Spain, Vietnam, China, Europe, North America
Instruction: Where is Salvador Brazil?


Response: Salvador is a Brazilian municipality and capital city of the state of Bahia. Situated in the Zona da Mata in the Northeast Region of Brazil, Salvador is recognized throughout the country and internationally for its cuisine, music and architecture. The African influence in many cultural aspects of the city makes it a center of Afro-Brazilian culture. As the first capital of Colonial Brazil, the city is one of the oldest in the Americas and one of the first planned cities in the world, having been established during the Renaissance period. Its foundation in 1549 by Tomé de Sousa took place on account of the implementation of the General Government of Brazil by the Portuguese Empire.
Instruction: In which country did the M&NA railroad exist.

Context: The Missouri and North Arkansas (reporting mark M&NA) was a railroad in Missouri and Arkansas from 1906 to 1946.

The railroad began as the Eureka Springs Railway in 1883 as a line from the St. Louis–San Francisco Railway in Seligman, MO, reaching the resort town of Eureka Springs, AR in 1883.

Response: The M&NA was a railroad in Missouri and Arkansas, which made it part of the United States.
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Tifa, Pipa


Response: Pipa is string, Tifa is percussion.
Instruction: Think up of a bunch of different dishes you could make with a pound of potatoes


Response: Mashed potatoes, hashbrowns, french fries, baked potatoes, roasted potatoes, potato and leek soup, latkes
Instruction: Why are children so special?


Response: Children are incredibly special because they are new to the earth. They have fewer biases and are able to see, imagine and create with perspectives that are unavailable to adults. For example, when a child plays in the sand, she may have only seen or touched sand only twenty times before. For her, the sand holds the promise of new textures, the opportunity to build a yet-unseen creation, and hours of delight before her. The adult sees sand and worries about dirt and bringing sand into the house. The adult has had many experiences with sand and not all of them have been positive. The adult's, vision of sand is clouded by experience. We must hold on and seek out the magic of children so that we can continue to find and enjoy the mysteries of the universe, even if they are not all pleasant every time.
Instruction: How big is Reef manta rays

Context: The reef manta ray (Mobula alfredi)[3] is a species of ray in the family Mobulidae, one of the largest rays in the world. Among generally recognized species, it is the second-largest species of ray, only surpassed by the giant oceanic manta ray.[4]

The species was described in 1868 by Gerard Krefft, the director of the Australian Museum. He named it M. alfredi in honor of Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, the first member of the British royal family to visit Australia.[5] It was originally described as part of the genus Manta but in 2017 was changed, along with the rest of the mantas, to be included as part of the genus Mobula.[6]

Reef manta rays are typically 3 to 3.5 m (9.8 to 11.5 ft) in disc width,[7] with a maximum size of about 5.5 m (18 ft).[4] For a long time included in M. birostris, the status of the reef manta ray as a separate species was only confirmed in 2009.[4] The reef manta ray is found widely in the tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific, but with a few records from the tropical East Atlantic and none from the West Atlantic or East Pacific.[4][8] Compared to the giant oceanic manta ray, the reef manta ray tends to be found in shallower, more coastal habitats,[4][8] but local migrations are sometimes reported.[9] Mobula birostris is similar in appearance to Mobula alfredi and the two species may be confused as their distribution overlaps. However, there are distinguishing features.

Response: Reef manta rays are typically 3 to 3.5 m (9.8 to 11.5 ft) in disc width, with a maximum size of about 5.5 m (18 ft).