HuggingFaceH4/databricks_dolly_15k huggingface dataset:
Instruction: How much renewable energy is produced and consumed in the United States?

Context: According to preliminary data from the US Energy Information Administration, renewable energy accounted for about 12.6% of total primary energy consumption and about 19.8% of the domestically produced electricity in the United States in 2020.

Response: Since 2019, wind power has been the largest producer of renewable electricity in the country. Wind power generated 337.9 terawatt-hours of electricity in 2020, which accounted for 8.4% of the nation's total electricity generation and 43.2% of the total renewable electricity generation.  By October 2021, the United States nameplate generating capacity for wind power was 129,256 megawatts (MW).  Texas remained firmly established as the leader in wind power deployment, followed by Iowa and Oklahoma as of year end 2020.

Hydroelectric power is the second-largest producer of renewable electricity in the country, generating around 7.3% of the nation's total electricity in 2020 as well as 36.4% of the total renewable electricity generation.  The United States is the fourth largest producer of hydroelectricity in the world after China, Canada and Brazil.

Solar power provides a growing share of electricity in the country, with over 50 GW of installed capacity generating about 1.3% of the country's total electricity supply in 2017, up from 0.9% the previous year. As of 2016, more than 260,000 people worked in the solar industry and 43 states deployed net metering, where energy utilities bought back excess power generated by solar arrays.  Large photovoltaic power plants in the United States include Mount Signal Solar (600 MW) and Solar Star (579 MW). Since the United States pioneered solar thermal power technology in the 1980s with Solar One, several more such power stations have been built. The largest of these solar thermal power stations are the Ivanpah Solar Power Facility (392 MW), southwest of Las Vegas, and the SEGS group of plants in the Mojave Desert, with a total generating capacity of 354 MW.

Other renewable energy sources include geothermal, with The Geysers in Northern California the largest geothermal complex in the world.

The development of renewable energy and energy efficiency marked "a new era of energy exploration" in the United States, according to former President Barack Obama.  In a joint address to the Congress on February 24, 2009, President Obama called for doubling renewable energy within the following three years. Renewable energy reached a major milestone in the first quarter of 2011, when it contributed 11.7% of total national energy production (660 TWh), surpassing energy production from nuclear power (620 TWh) for the first time since 1997.  In his 2012 State of the Union address, President Barack Obama restated his commitment to renewable energy and mentioned the long-standing Interior Department commitment to permit 10,000 MW of renewable energy projects on public land in 2012.
Instruction: Which classical musician went deaf in the prime of their career?


Response: Beethoven went deaf in the height of his career
Instruction: Who ordered John the Baptists execution


Response: King Herod
Instruction: What is difference between ECS and EC2?


Response: The largest difference for EC2 is that it deploys isolated VM instances with auto scaling support, and ECS deploys scalable clusters of managed Docker containers.
Instruction: Write a description detailing why Soccer is better than Basketball.


Response: Soccer is a better sport than Basketball because it is a sport with a minimal ruleset making it easier to teach and reach a greater audience.  Soccer also does not require a well built out infrastructure in order to play it, all you need is a ball, field, and something to act as goals.
Instruction: What is accepted to be California's first official wine-producing vineyard?


Response: Mission San Juan Capistrano is recognized as the location of California's first wine vineyard,  which was planted by Father Junípero Serra.
Instruction: Classify which teams are in the NHL or NBA: Detroit Red Wings, Detroit Pistons, Milwaukee Bucks, Cleveland Cavaliers, Columbus Blue Jackets, Chicago Bulls, Chicago Blackhawks


Response: The Detroit Red Wings, Columbus Blue Jackets, and Chicago Blackhawks are NHL teams. The Detroit Pistons, Milwaukee Bucks, Cleveland Cavaliers, and Chicago Bulls are NBA teams.
Instruction: What is the FAANG equivalent in China?


Response: The FAANG equivalent in China is called BAT. It consist of three Chinese technology companies, namely Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent
Instruction: Given a reference text about Giovanni Dominici, when was he beatified?

Context: Giovanni Dominici (c. 1355 – 10 June 1419[1]) was an Italian Catholic prelate and Dominican who became a cardinal.[2][3] His ideas had a profound influence on the art of Fra Angelico who entered the order through him. But he once encountered difficulties becoming a friar due to a speech impairment that his superiors believed would rule him ineligible for both profession and the priesthood.[4] Dominici became a noted theologian and preacher and was tireless in establishing monasteries and convents in cities such as Fiesole and Lucca.[5]

He attempted to resign his cardinalate in 1415 during the Council of Constance after he succeeded in convincing the pope to abdicate in order to end the Western Schism. But the Council refused to accept his resignation though he had resigned from the archbishopric that he held. He spent the remainder of his life as a papal legate for Pope Martin V until he died in Buda.[4][6]

He had been first named as a Blessed since 1622 though he had not been recognized as such until he was beatified on 9 April 1832.[

Response: Giovanni Dominici was beatified on April 9, 1832.
Instruction: What woodwind instruments are popular to learn?


Response: Flute, Clarinet and Saxophone are popular woodwind instruments. Oboe and Bassoon are interesting but less popular.
Instruction: Can whales and dolphins breathe underwater?


Response: Whales and dolphins breathe through nostrils, called a blowhole, located right on top of their heads
Instruction: How do you determine the severity of vulnerabilities.


Response: The severity of vulnerabilities are commonly determined using the common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS). CVSS scores vulnerabilities from 0-10, with 10 being the most critical severity score.
Instruction: Who proposed the Gini coefficient as a measure of inequality of income or wealth?

Context: In economics, the Gini coefficient, also known as the Gini index or Gini ratio, is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income inequality or the wealth inequality or the consumption inequality within a nation or a social group. It was developed by statistician and sociologist Corrado Gini.
The Gini coefficient measures the inequality among values of a frequency distribution, such as levels of income. A Gini coefficient of 0 reflects perfect equality, where all income or wealth values are the same, while a Gini coefficient of 1 (or 100%) reflects maximal inequality among values. For example, if everyone has the same income, the Gini coefficient will be 0. In contrast, a Gini coefficient of 1 indicates that within a group of people, a single individual has all the income or consumption, while all others have none.
The Gini coefficient was proposed by Corrado Gini as a measure of inequality of income or wealth.  For OECD countries, in the late 20th century, considering the effect of taxes and transfer payments, the income Gini coefficient ranged between 0.24 and 0.49, with Slovenia being the lowest and Mexico the highest. African countries had the highest pre-tax Gini coefficients in 2008–2009, with South Africa having the world's highest, estimated to be 0.63 to 0.7, although this figure drops to 0.52 after social assistance is taken into account, and drops again to 0.47 after taxation. The global income Gini coefficient in 2005 has been estimated to be between 0.61 and 0.68 by various sources.

Response: The Gini coefficient was proposed by Corrado Gini as a measure of inequality of income or wealth.
Instruction: How long did dinosaurs rule earth?

Context: Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles[note 1] of the clade Dinosauria. They first appeared during the Triassic period, between 245 and 233.23 million years ago (mya), although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is a subject of active research. They became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event 201.3 mya and their dominance continued throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. The fossil record shows that birds are feathered dinosaurs, having evolved from earlier theropods during the Late Jurassic epoch, and are the only dinosaur lineage known to have survived the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event approximately 66 mya. Dinosaurs can therefore be divided into avian dinosaurs—birds—and the extinct non-avian dinosaurs, which are all dinosaurs other than birds.

Response: Dinosaurs were the dominant terrestrial species on earth for about 135.3 million years.
Instruction: What is beta oxidation?


Response: In biochemistry and metabolism, beta oxidation (also β-oxidation) is the catabolic process by which fatty acid molecules are broken down[1] in the cytosol in prokaryotes and in the mitochondria in eukaryotes to generate acetyl-CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle, and NADH and FADH2, which are co-enzymes used in the electron transport chain. It is named as such because the beta carbon of the fatty acid undergoes oxidation to a carbonyl group. Beta-oxidation is primarily facilitated by the mitochondrial trifunctional protein, an enzyme complex associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane, although very long chain fatty acids are oxidized in peroxisomes.
Instruction: I want to sketch with graphite pencils but am confused about the range of options. What do the pencil grades mean and how can they be used?


Response: Graphite pencils come in a range of grades — from hard (9H to H) to soft (HB to 9B). A hard graphite pencil leaves less graphite on the drawing surface and can be used to produce faint, sharp lines and build texture. HB or B pencils are good options for hatching and cross-hatching line work. They don’t smudge as easily as the softer, darker graphite pencils — and create clear lines. Soft graphite pencils are excellent for building solid tones of dark gray to near black.
Instruction: Given the reference text, where would I be able to find The Oath of Leo III?

Context: The Oath of Leo III is a painting by the workshop of the Italian renaissance artist Raphael. The painting was part of Raphael's commission to decorate the rooms that are now known as the Stanze di Raffaello, in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican. It is located in the room that was named after The Fire in the Borgo, the Stanza dell'incendio del Borgo. In the fresco, Pope Leo III is seen during the trial on December 23 AD 800 during which he was brought face to face with the nephews of his predecessor Pope Hadrian I, who had accused him of misconduct. The assembled bishops declared that they could not judge the pope, after which Leo took an oath of purgation of his own free will.

Response: The Oath of Leo III, painted by Raphael, can be found in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican.
Instruction: Why does the divide and average method for computing square roots work?


Response: The divide and average method for computing square roots starts with a guess of the square root. For example, to compute the square root of 8, we might start with 3, since we know 9 is the square of 3. Given a guess, the method is a formula for generating the next guess. The formula states the next guess should be average of the current guess and the square (the number for which you want compute the square root) divided by the guess. Returning to our example, the next guess is (3 + 8/3)/2 = 17/6. Applying this formula repeatedly yields a guess which is closer and closer to actual square root.

The reason this works is that limit of the sequence of guesses generated by this formula is the square root. To see this, first recognize that in the limit, next guess must be equal to the current guess. The guesses get closer and closer until, after an infinite number of steps, they are the same. Using a variable X to represent the limit and applying the formula yields an equation which can be solved for X via algebra. The solution is that X must be square root.
Instruction: Which is a bird or fish: Black guillemot, Black bass


Response: Black guillemot is a bird, Black bass is a fish
Instruction: Which of these are religions and which are countries: Christianity, Judaism, Norway, Canada, Islam, Egypt, China, and Iran.


Response: The countries in this list are Norway, Canada, Egypt, China and Iran. The religions are Christian, Judaism, and Islam.
Instruction: My trophy does not fit my suitcase because it is to small.  I need to travel.  What could I do?


Response: - Get a bigger suite case
- Don't bring the trophy
- Send the trophy in a box
Instruction: Did David Benioff direct any episodes in season three of Game of Thrones?


Response: David Benioff directed "Walk of Punishment" in season three of Game of Thrones
Instruction: Give me a title of one of the "Harry Potter" novels.


Response: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
Instruction: Who is Sean Connery?

Context: Sir Sean Connery (born Thomas Connery; 25 August 1930 – 31 October 2020) was a Scottish actor. He was the first actor to portray fictional British secret agent James Bond on film, starring in seven Bond films between 1962 and 1983.[1][2][3] Originating the role in Dr. No, Connery played Bond in six of Eon Productions' entries and made his final Bond appearance in the non-Eon-produced Never Say Never Again; if non-Eon-produced Bond movies are included, Connery shares the record for the most portrayals as James Bond with Roger Moore (with 7 apiece). Following his third appearance as Bond in Goldfinger (1964), in June 1965 Time magazine observed "James Bond has developed into the biggest mass-cult hero of the decade"

Response: Scottish Actor
Instruction: who won the last soccer world cup ?


Response: Argentina won the last world cup. Argentina won 3 world cups in 1978, 1986, 2022.
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Ranat ek, Sasando


Response: Sasando is string, Ranat ek is percussion.
Instruction: why do human beings have a tendency to think they are always right?


Response: As a first attempt to answer the question of why human beings have a tendency to think they are always right, we could point to cognitive biases, and in particular to one called "confirmation bias". This bias conditions human beings to use any new evidence to confirm their pre-existing beliefs, and to reject any new evidence that contradicts these beliefs. People may also experience the so-called illusory superiority, another bias that conditions them to overestimate their skills and make them believe they are superior to the rest. However these biases, as concrete as well-proven as they are, are only part of the explanation. The book "Being Wrong: Adventures in the Margin of Error" by Kathryn Schulz is an exploration on why humans have the tendency to disregard errors and think they are always right. Shulz describes how people start with the assumption that they are right in everything they believe, and when they realise they have made a mistake, instead of challenging this assumption, they actually feel relief and think: "I was right except for this particular error I was making, but now that I have realised it I can certainly say that I am 100% right in everything".
Instruction: Which of the following are dog breeds? Magyar Vizsla, German Shepherd, Abyssinian, Doberman, Scottish Fold


Response: Magyar Vizsla, German Shepherd and Doberman are dog breeds, Abyssinian and Scottish Fold are cat breeds
Instruction: Given this short paragraph about the life of George K. McGunnegle, how old was he when he retired and what month of the year did that happen?

Context: As a member of the 3rd Infantry Regiment and 17th Infantry Regiment, McGunnegle served in the Philippines during the Philippine–American War. After receiving promotion to colonel in 1906, he commanded the 1st Infantry Regiment during service in Washington, the Philippines, and Hawaii. In 1914, he was assigned to command the recruit depot at Fort McDowell, California. He served until recaching the mandatory retirement age of 64 in June 1918. Because World War I was ongoing, McGunnegle agreed to defer retirement and remained on duty at Fort McDowell. The war ended in November 1918, and he remained in command of Fort McDowell to muster out troops as the army demobilized. He retired in July 1919.

Response: George K. McGunnegle was 64 when he retired in July of 1919.
Instruction: How do you care for a dog?


Response: Dogs are often described as a man's best friend.  I have had a dog in my life since I was a young child.  My father had a dog that he hunted birds alongside.  We have had dogs that live indoors with the family and outdoors in their own doghouse.  We have raised puppies from our dogs and given them away to friends and neighbors.  Dogs provide a lot of love and companionship to everyone in the family and they can be as beloved as any human.  Dogs take a great deal to care for because they are completely dependent on humans to keep them alive.  A dog left out in the wild is unlikely to survive without help from a caring human.  Dogs must be fed, watered, walked for exercise, socialized with other dogs and with other people as well so that they feel safe and interact safely with others.  Dogs can live to between 10 and 15 years old on average so they are with a family for a long time.  Dogs come in all shapes, sizes, colors, skills and are often referred to as breeds.  Breeds have different characteristics and people sometimes select a dog for the breed.  Sometimes dogs are neglected or left without a family to care for them and end up in temporary homes called animal shelters.  These shelters provide a safe haven for a dog until a suitable owner is matched.  Many of the best dogs that a family gets come from a shelter.
Instruction: why do you like India


Response: I like India because it is a country of diverse culture with more than 25 states thousands of language spoken and with many religions.You get to witness diverse food culture and religious festivals across.With all these diversity you can still see a unity within the people that is the beauty of the country.
Instruction: Who was the most popular musical artist in the 1980s?


Response: Michael Jackson was the number one selling musical artist in the 1980s.
Instruction: per this description of the game of fooseball, how many full rotations are allowed in the game at the championship level?

Context: The game involves using figures mounted on rotating bars to kick a ball into the opposing goal. Table football tables can vary in size, but a typical table is about 120 centimetres (3.9 ft) long and 61 centimetres (2.00 ft) wide. The table usually contains eight rows of foos men, which are plastic, metal, wooden, or sometimes carbon-fibre figures mounted on horizontal metal bars. Each team of one or two human players controls four rows of foos men, one row each for the goalkeeper, defenders, midfield and strikers. Players manipulate the rods to control the figures, using them to hold up, pass or 'kick' the ball. Games begin when the ball is served through a hole at the side of the table, or simply placed by hand at the feet of a figure in the centre of the table. A coin toss is usually used to determine which player or team serves first. If it is not the first match or if the ball gets out of play or if the ball suddenly stops out, then the team scored last would get the serve after he scores one. The term for when the ball leaves the table or gets stopped somewhere out of the men-like figures’ reach is dead ball.[9] Expert players have been known to move balls at speeds up to 56 km/h (35 mph) in competition.[10]

The rules prohibit "over 360-degree shots", or "spinning": using the palm of the hand to swiftly spin the bar all around, instead of using wrist strokes to kick the ball with a bar-mounted figure.[11] Since the establishment of the International Table Soccer Federation (ITSF), the rules have become standardised in most international competitions. However, since January 2012, the annual World Championships and the World Cup have permitted two full 360-degree rotations.[11]

The winner is determined when one team scores a predetermined number of goals, typically five, ten or eleven in competition. When playing Bonzini competitions, the target number of goals is seven and players must win by at least two clear goals.

Response: 2 360-degree rotations are allowed since January 2012.
Instruction: What are three things I can do to be better at tennis?


Response: While each player's skills, fitness, and experience will dictate what will give them the most improvement, here are three things that most tennis players can benefit from. First, move your feet and create space between you and the ball. Most power and consistency comes from the legs! Second, prepare early for your shots. Early, and proper, take back for the racket will reduce the amount of moving parts when you hit the ball. Third, don't forget to play some tennis. Practice makes perfect.
Instruction: Based on the text how does someone win in Texas Hold 'em?

Context: Texas hold 'em (also known as Texas holdem, hold 'em, and holdem) is one of the most popular variants of the card game of poker. Two cards, known as hole cards, are dealt face down to each player, and then five community cards are dealt face up in three stages. The stages consist of a series of three cards ("the flop"), later an additional single card ("the turn" or "fourth street"), and a final card ("the river" or "fifth street"). Each player seeks the best five card poker hand from any combination of the seven cards; the five community cards and their two hole cards. Players have betting options to check, call, raise, or fold. Rounds of betting take place before the flop is dealt and after each subsequent deal. The player who has the best hand and has not folded by the end of all betting rounds wins all of the money bet for the hand, known as the pot. In certain situations, a "split-pot" or "tie" can occur when two players have hands of equivalent value. This is also called a "chop-pot". Texas hold 'em is also the H game featured in HORSE and in HOSE.

Response: In Texas Hold 'em there are two main ways to win. You can win by obtaining the highest possible hand utilizing the two cards that only you possess (the hold cards) and the five community cards on the table, or you outlast the rest of the players after each round of betting without folding. There are sometimes ties and in those situations the pot is split evenly.
Instruction: What are the words of House Tallhart?


Response: "Proud and Free"
Instruction: What is random access memory?


Response: Random access memory (RAM) is a type of computer memory used to store data that can be accessed quickly. It is also known as dynamic random access memory (DRAM) and is used to store the instructions and data for a computer's operating system and applications. RAM is volatile memory, meaning it will lose its data if the power is turned off. It is also much faster than other types of memory such as hard disk drives and solid state drives.
Instruction: Make me a list of the first four Americans who landed on the moon.


Response: The first four Americans who stepped foot on the moon were Neil Armstrong (Apollo 11), Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin (Apollo 11), Charles "Pete" Conrad (Apollo 12), and Alan Bean (Apollo 12).
Instruction: What colors would you use for a futuristic logo?


Response: Colors such as blue, silver, grey and white evoke a feel of futurism and would be well suited to a futuristic logo.