HuggingFaceH4/databricks_dolly_15k huggingface dataset:
Instruction: What are the main differences between traditional fishing with a spinning rod or baitcasting rod and fly fishing?


Response: The main differences between the two methods of fishing are the types of lures that are used and in the way the lure is delivered by a cast of the rod.  In traditional or spin fishing, the lure itself is weighted and this weight provides the leverage necessary to cast out into the water.  In contrast, fly fishing the lures are typically called flies and are very light.  Because they are so light, a heavier line is used and the weight of the line is what allows the fly to be cast out and delivered to the water.  Spin fishing lures are often measured in ounces of weight and are often made of metal or plastic.  They can range in size and design depending on the target species of fish.  Fly fishing flies are typically very lightweight hairs, threads, or other materials tied to a hook.  The fly fishing line weights are measured in grains.
Instruction: What is the process by which utilities rates are set in the US

Context: Utility ratemaking is the formal regulatory process in the United States by which public utilities set the prices (more commonly known as "rates") they will charge consumers.[1] Ratemaking, typically carried out through "rate cases" before a public utilities commission, serves as one of the primary instruments of government regulation of public utilities.

Response: The price of a utility's products and services will affect its consumption. As with most demand curves, a price increase decreases demand. Through a concept known as rate design or rate structure, regulators set the prices (known as "rates" in the case of utilities) and thereby affect the consumption. With declining block rates, the per-unit price of utility consumption decreases as the energy consumption increases. Typically a declining block rate is offered only to very large consumers. If conservation is the goal, regulators can promote conservation by letting prices rise. A third possible rate design is a flat rate which charges the same price for all consumption.
Instruction: What is Sim racing

Context: Simulated racing or racing simulation, commonly known as simply sim racing, are the collective terms for racing game software that attempts to accurately simulate auto racing, complete with real-world variables such as fuel usage, damage, tire wear and grip, and suspension settings.[1] To be competitive in sim racing, a driver must understand all aspects of car handling that make real-world racing so difficult,[2] such as threshold braking, how to maintain control of a car as the tires lose traction, and how properly to enter and exit a turn without sacrificing speed. It is this level of difficulty that distinguishes sim racing from arcade racing-style driving games where real-world variables are taken out of the equation and the principal objective is to create a sense of speed as opposed to a sense of realism.[3]


Jann Mardenborough, a sim racer became a professional Nissan racing driver by playing Gran Turismo.[4][5][6]
Due to the complexity and demands of mimicking real-life driving, racing sims require faster computers to run effectively, as well as a steering wheel and pedals for the throttle and brakes for the immersion.[7]


Many cars are digitally recreated for sim racing like this BMW Z4 GT3 from Assetto Corsa.[8]
While using a simple gamepad, joystick or even a mouse and keyboard may suffice for most arcade-style driving games on home systems, it won't provide the same level of immersion and realism as using a racing wheel and pedals. In recent years, many sim racing experiences have been developed for consoles, such as the PlayStation and Xbox.[9][10] While these games can be played with a controller, it is recommended that players invest in a racing wheel and pedals. With the development of online racing, the ability to drive against human opponents and computer AI offline is the closest many will come to driving cars on a real track.[11] [12][13]Even those who race in real-world competition use simulations for practice or for entertainment.[14] With continued development of the physics engine software that forms the basis of these sims, as well as improved hardware (providing tactile feedback), the experience has become more realistic.

In general, sim racing gameplay style applied in several video games like iRacing, Assetto Corsa and Assetto Corsa Competizione, Gran Turismo, among others.[15][16][17]

Response: Sim Racing is simulating car racing as accurately as possible using racing game software and hardware. To be competitive, drivers need to understand all aspects of car handling and setup. This creates a high level of complexity, which differentiates sim racing from arcade racing-style games.
Instruction: What is Noether's theorem and how does it relate symmetries to conserved quantities?


Response: Emmy Noether proposed a theorem that states that for every symmetry in physics, there is a conserved quantity. For example, for the symmetry that the laws of physics are unchanged by a translation in space, a rotation in space, or an offset in time, the corresponding conserved quantities are linear momentum, angular momentum, and the conservation of energy.
Instruction: Why do people like living in California?


Response: California has the highest population of any U.S. state.  Many people like living there because of its relatively mild climate and easy access to National and State Parks.  Others enjoy living in California because it provides strong human rights protections to minority groups.  California is a very large state and has a varied geography.  As a result, people who want to live in coastal, forested, desert, or mountain environments can all find a location they like.
Instruction: Is Seattle a good place to live at?


Response: Seattle is one of the biggest cities in the pacific northwest, it is very well known for the beautiful nature, outdoor activities, coffee, technology and of course the rain. 
The Seattle area is relatively very safe compared to other large metropolitan areas across the US. Public schools in the area are generally considered to be of great quality, some neighborhoods in the greater Seattle area are home to some of the best public schools across the country. 
The Seattle area is also home to major company headquarters such as Microsoft, Amazon, Starbucks and more. It's also home to a large number of startups including a few unicorns such as Smartsheet, Remitly and Outreach. 
If you are considering moving to Seattle the above factors might help you decide but also note that the cost of living in the Seattle area is relatively high compared to cost of living across the country, this is mainly driven by the tech industry being the largest industry in the area.
Instruction: What is powerlifting?


Response: Powerlifting is a strength sport which consists of having three attempts at lifting a maximal weight on three separate lifts using a barbell with weight plates. The three lifts are typically the squat, deadlift and bench press.
Instruction: In the United States, what type of degree is typically earned before starting graduate school?


Response: A Bachelors degree is earned before commencing grad school
Instruction: From the passage provided about sports articles, extract total number of articles categorized as good and calculate the percentage of good articles

Context: Currently, out of the 6,639,824 articles on Wikipedia, 37,625 are categorized as good articles (about 1 in 177), most of which are listed below. An additional 6,245 are listed as featured articles (about 1 in 1,070) and 4,089 as featured lists (about 1 in 1,630). Because articles are only included in one category, a good article that has been promoted to featured status is removed from the good articles category. Adding good and featured articles and lists together gives a total of 47,959 articles (about 1 in 139). A small plus sign inside a circle (This symbol designates good articles on Wikipedia.) in the top-right corner of an article's page indicates that the article is good

Response: 37625 articles are categorized as good and percentage of good articles is approximately 0.57
Instruction: what's the average airspeed velocity of an unladen swallow

Context: Later, at the Bridge of Death, the Bridgekeeper asks Arthur his third question. "What is the airspeed velocity of an unladen swallow?" When Arthur asks the old man whether he means an African or European swallow, the Bridgekeeper is unable to answer, and is thus launched into The Gorge of Eternal Peril. When Sir Bedevere asks how Arthur knows so much about swallows, he replies, "You have to know these things when you're king."

Response: This is a popular line from a Monte Pyton film, Monty Python and the Holy Grail, where the correct answer to the answer is yet another question "African or European", which tricks the Bridgekeeper into a wrong answer of "I don't know that".
Instruction: What is the difference between Eczema and Atopic Dermatitis?


Response: Eczema is a general term for chronic conditions of skin inflammation whereas Atopic Dermatitis is a specific type of Eczema.
Instruction: Why does a US $20 bill have a vertical strip on it when held to light?


Response: Paper money has counterfeit measures to ensure it is very difficult to duplicate/fake
Instruction: Tell me about the Boxer dog


Response: The Boxer was originally bred in Germany as a working breed. They are considered great family dogs.
Instruction: Classify each of the following as either a letter or a number


Response: 1, a, o, 3, 9, 193, d, 23, f, d, p, 500
Instruction: What is an API?


Response: An application programming interface (API) is a way for two or more computer programs to communicate with each other. It is a type of software interface, offering a service to other pieces of software.
Instruction: What is Sensory processing disorder?

Context: Sensory processing disorder (SPD, formerly known as sensory integration dysfunction) is a condition in which multisensory input is not adequately processed in order to provide appropriate responses to the demands of the environment. Sensory processing disorder is present in many people with autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Individuals with SPD may inadequately process visual, auditory, olfactory (smell), gustatory (taste), tactile (touch), vestibular (balance), proprioception (body awareness), and interoception (internal body senses) sensory stimuli.

Sensory integration was defined by occupational therapist Anna Jean Ayres in 1972 as "the neurological process that organizes sensation from one's own body and from the environment and makes it possible to use the body effectively within the environment".Sensory processing disorder has been characterized as the source of significant problems in organizing sensation coming from the body and the environment and is manifested by difficulties in the performance in one or more of the main areas of life: productivity, leisure and play or activities of daily living.
Sources debate whether SPD is an independent disorder or represents the observed symptoms of various other, more well-established, disorders.SPD is not included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association, and the American Academy of Pediatrics has recommended in 2012 that pediatricians not use SPD as a stand-alone diagnosis.

Response: Sensory processing disorder (SPD, formerly known as sensory integration dysfunction) is a condition in which multisensory input is not adequately processed to provide appropriate responses to the demands of the environment. Sensory processing disorder is present in many people with autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Individuals with SPD may inadequately process visual, auditory, olfactory (smell), gustatory (taste), tactile (touch), vestibular (balance), proprioception (body awareness), and interoception (internal body senses) sensory stimuli.
Instruction: What is a weed wacker?


Response: A weed wacker is a stringed trimmer that is powered by a better or by gasoline.  The string spins at a very fast circular velocity for cutting.  It is used for cutting weeds, grass and making the edge of lawns look uniform.  Its important to where proper safety equipment when using a weed wacker to prevent injury to your legs from spinning plastic string.
Instruction: Why is the World Cup the best sporting competition?


Response: The World Cup is a global event that happens only once every four years. It always has a Host(s) Nation, which is the only team that automatically qualifies for the tournament. Various tournaments lead up to the event, leading to the qualification for the World Cup. From there, FIFA will rank the qualifiers in different tiers and draw them via lottery into "Groups" together. 

The Qualification process is available to all teams across the globe. Regionally-based tournaments hosted by the likes of CONACAF, UEFA, CAF, CONMEBOl, etc lead up to the World Cup Tournament. 

Once the Groups are drawn via lottery together, all Four teams (from different regions). They play against each other and the two teams with the highest total points will advance to the elimination rounds, which include a round of 16, Quarterfinals, Semifinals, and the Final. Once the elimination round begins they are single elimination matches the loser is out of the tournament and the winner advances to the next round.
Instruction: what is the indian subcontinent

Context: The Indian subcontinent is a physiographical region in Southern Asia, situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas.

Response: The Indian subcontinent is a physiographical region in Southern Asia, situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas. Geopolitically, it includes the countries of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India,[a] Maldives,[b] Nepal,[c] Pakistan,[d] and Sri Lanka.[b][1][2][3][4] The terms "Indian subcontinent" and "South Asia" are often used interchangeably to denote the region, although the geopolitical term of South Asia frequently includes Afghanistan, which may otherwise be classified as Central Asian.[5]
Instruction: Which of the following creatures is real or fantasy: Lion, Unicorn, Jellyfish, Hydra, Minotaur, Ox, Centaur, Horse, Kraken


Response: Lion - Real
Unicorn - Fantasy
Jellyfish - Real
Hydra - Fantasy
Minotaur - Fantasy
Ox - Real
Centaur - Fantasy
Horse - Real
Mermaid - Fantasy
Instruction: Which ski pass, between IKON pass and Epic pass, should I buy if I live in the Bay area and mostly go to the Lake Tahoe area for skiing.


Response: Although both passes provide great value when you visit the snow resorts more than 7 days each snow season, they have some differences that you need to consider before you make the purchase.
For IKON pass, you can access 14 ski resorts for unlimited time and over 40 ski resorts for max 7 days each snow season. The nearest ski resort for you resides in the greater bay area would be Palisades Tahoe. 
For Epic pass, the nearest ski resort near the bay area would be the North Star ski resort, Kirkland ski resort and Heavenly ski resort, all of them reside in the Lake Tahoe area. 
I would recommend buying the epic pass because you will have more options to choose from in the lake tahoe area.
Instruction: Categorize each of the following as a golf term or soccer term: slice, nutmeg, goal, stroke, putt, drive, tackle, striker.


Response: Golf: slice, stroke, putt, drive
Soccer: nutmeg, goal, tackle, striker
Instruction: When was golf invented?


Response: Golf was invented and first played in Scotland in the 15th century.  The first 18-hole round of golf was played at St. Andrews (in Fife, Scotland) in 1764.
Instruction: "repair instead of replace" give five points to support this argument


Response: 1) saves cost
2) reduces wastage
3) good for environment
4) promotes local employment 
5) efficient use of resources
Instruction: Write a dialogue between two hikers, John and Jane, who are lost in the woods and can't decide what to do. End the argument with Jane winning and them deciding to turn around and retrace their steps.


Response: John: I think we're lost, this trail doesn't look familiar
Jane: I think you're right. We must have taken a wrong turn at the fork a mile back. Let's turn around and trace our steps back
John: No, I think we should just keep going forward. We are still on a path, so we should just go and see if we can find our way back to a path we know
Jane: I'm worried its going to get dark, and we'll just be going further into the woods. We should turn around and repeat our steps
John: Okay, you're right. Let's go back to where we first got lost and take the other side of the fork.
Instruction: What is palmitoylation


Response: Palmitoylation is the covalent attachment of fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, to cysteine (S-palmitoylation) and less frequently to serine and threonine (O-palmitoylation) residues of proteins, which are typically membrane proteins. The precise function of palmitoylation depends on the particular protein being considered. Palmitoylation enhances the hydrophobicity of proteins and contributes to their membrane association. Palmitoylation also appears to play a significant role in subcellular trafficking of proteins between membrane compartments, as well as in modulating protein–protein interactions. In contrast to prenylation and myristoylation, palmitoylation is usually reversible (because the bond between palmitic acid and protein is often a thioester bond). The reverse reaction in mammalian cells is catalyzed by acyl-protein thioesterases (APTs) in the cytosol and palmitoyl protein thioesterases in lysosomes. Because palmitoylation is a dynamic, post-translational process, it is believed to be employed by the cell to alter the subcellular localization, protein–protein interactions, or binding capacities of a protein.

An example of a protein that undergoes palmitoylation is hemagglutinin, a membrane glycoprotein used by influenza to attach to host cell receptors. The palmitoylation cycles of a wide array of enzymes have been characterized in the past few years, including H-Ras, Gsα, the β2-adrenergic receptor, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). In signal transduction via G protein, palmitoylation of the α subunit, prenylation of the γ subunit, and myristoylation is involved in tethering the G protein to the inner surface of the plasma membrane so that the G protein can interact with its receptor.
Instruction: What awards did Tendulkar receive based on the above passage? Use the format ‘Award name (year)’ in a comma separated list to present the result.

Context: Tendulkar has received several awards from the government of India: the Arjuna Award (1994), the Khel Ratna Award (1997), the Padma Shri (1998), and the Padma Vibhushan (2008).[10][11] After Tendulkar played his last match in November 2013, the Prime Minister's Office announced the decision to award him the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award.[12][13] He was the first sportsperson to receive the reward, and as of 2021, he is the youngest recipient and was the first sportsperson to receive the award.[14][15] In 2012, Tendulkar was nominated to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India.[16]

In 2010, Time included Tendulkar in its annual list of the most influential people in the world.[17] Tendulkar was awarded the Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy for cricketer of the year at the 2010 International Cricket Council (ICC) Awards.[18]

Having retired from ODI cricket in 2012,[19][20] he retired from all forms of cricket in November 2013 after playing his 200th Test match.[21] Tendulkar played 664 international cricket matches in total, scoring 34,357 runs.[22] In 2013, Tendulkar was included in an all-time Test World XI to mark the 150th anniversary of Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, and he was the only specialist batsman of the post–World War II era, along with Viv Richards, to get featured in the team.[23] In 2019, he was inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame.[24]

Response: Arjuna Award (1994), Khel Ratna Award (1997), Padma Shri (1998), Padma Vibhushan (2008), Bharat Ratna, Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy (2010)
Instruction: Classify the series according to the OTT platform they are on.
The Witcher, Jack Ryan, The Rings of Power, Sweet Tooth


Response: Netflix - The Witcher, Sweet Tooth
Amazon Prime - Jack Ryan, The Rings of Power
Instruction: Tell me some different ways that you can listen to music


Response: There are many ways to listen to live music or recorded music. Live music you can experience at concerts and music festivals. Recorded music can be accessed via streaming services such as Spotify, YouTube and Apple Music. Music can also be purchased on compact disc, vinyl, cassette or digital download. This recorded music can then be listened to at home or on the go via speakers and headphones that connect to playback devices such as computers, phones, compact-disc players or record players.
Instruction: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Rowan?


Response: Rowan Gold-Tree
Instruction: When did World War II begin?


Response: World War II began on September 1st, 1939 when Hitler invaded Poland.
Instruction: Which of the following are deciduous trees?

Abies concolor
Acer rubrum
Acer saccharinum
Cornus florida
Gleditsia triacanthos
Picea glauca
picea pungens
Picea abies
Pinus strobus
Quercus rubra


Response: Of the species listed, Acer rubrum, Acer saccharinum, Gleditsia triacanthos, Quercus rubra, and Cornus florida are deciduous trees.
Instruction: Given a reference text about the Battle of Baghaur, tell me who was in the battle and who won.

Context: The Battle of Baghaur was fought between the Sikh forces led by Guru Gobind Singh and the Baghaur forces led by Shiv Partap at Rajasthan.[3]

Background
Daya Singh and Dharam Singh were sent to the embassy of Aurangzeb to send a letter written by Guru Gobind Singh called the Zafarnama. Aurangzeb was moved by the letter and invited the Guru.[4] At Baghaur in Rajasthan, Daya Singh and Dharam Singh met the guru.[5] There he also heard the news that Aurangzeb had died in his camp at Ahmadnagar.[6] The residents were, for some unknown reason, scared from the Guru and planned to attack him. They were mainly terrified of the Guru's caravan which is what made the Guru store it somewhere for a few days.[7] A few days had passed and the Sikhs went on to check the caravan camels. They had gone missing. They had consumed orchard trees, which made a gardener confiscate them. He further beat up the camel driver and took him hostage.[2]

Battle
After the camel incident, 15 Sikhs went in and attempted to negotiate the release of the camels and the driver. The gardener refused and the Sikhs fought.[2] This led to state soldiers launching a counterattack and a battle ensued which lasted 2 days long.[8] Many casualties occurred during this period of time. The Sikhs had successfully plundered the city but the fort still remained.[8] As the fight entered the third day, Dharam Singh with the Sikhs made a dash and kept fighting and killing everyone.[7] Peace was proclaimed but on the day the Raja arrived, the hostilities continued. Dharam Singh killed the rajas command-in-chief while the guru finished the raja himself.[8] The Raja's force made a complete surrender which resulted in a Sikh victory.

Response: The Sikh forces defeated Baghaur forces in the Battle of Baghaur.
Instruction: The final of Duleep Trophy was held in


Response: SNR College, Coimbatore, India