HuggingFaceH4/databricks_dolly_15k huggingface dataset:
Instruction: From the passage provided, extract the what were some of the key years and discoveries of portuguese maritime exploration?

Context: Portuguese maritime exploration resulted in the numerous territories and maritime routes recorded by the Portuguese as a result of their intensive maritime journeys during the 15th and 16th centuries. Portuguese sailors were at the vanguard of European exploration, chronicling and mapping the coasts of Africa and Asia, then known as the East Indies, and Canada and Brazil (the West Indies), in what came to be known as the Age of Discovery.

Methodical expeditions started in 1419 along West Africa's coast under the sponsorship of prince Henry the Navigator, with Bartolomeu Dias reaching the Cape of Good Hope and entering the Indian Ocean in 1488. Ten years later, in 1498, Vasco da Gama led the first fleet around Africa to India, arriving in Calicut and starting a maritime route from Portugal to India. Portuguese explorations then proceeded to southeast Asia, where they reached Japan in 1542, forty-four years after their first arrival in India. In 1500, the Portuguese nobleman Pedro Álvares Cabral became the first European to discover Brazil.

Response: In 1419, the portuguese started their maritime explorations along the West Africa's coast. The goal was to reach India by sea, by going around Africa. In 1488, Bartolomeu Dias reaching the Cape of Good Hope and entered the Indian Ocean. In 1498, Vasco da Gama finally reached India.
By 1500 also reached discovered Brazil and reached Japan in 1542.
Instruction: What did Stevie Ray Vaughan name his most beloved guitar?


Response: Jimbo.
Instruction: Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Doctor Strange, Dr. Fate


Response: Dr. Fate is DC, Doctor Strange is Marvel
Instruction: Which movies star Eddie Murphy and which ones star Bill Murray: Groundhog Day, Coming to America, Rushmore, Lost in Translation, Beverly Hills Cop, Caddyshack, 48 Hours, and Trading Places.


Response: Eddie Murphy was in Coming to America, Beverly Hills Cop, 48 Hours, and Trading Places. Bill Murray was in Groundhog Day, Rushmore, Lost in Translation, and Caddyshack.
Instruction: When did Alaska become a state?


Response: Alaska became a state on January 3, 1959.
Instruction: What are five popular songs by the Grateful Dead?


Response: Five of the Grateful Dead's most popular songs include: Sugar Magnolia, Casey Jones, Uncle John's Band, Truckin', and Friend of the Devil.
Instruction: Identify which car manufacturer is German or American: Dodge, Volkswagen


Response: Dodge is American, Volkswagen is German
Instruction: In your mind, what is most concerning about the state of American politics today?


Response: I think the most distressing aspect of American politics today is the lack of civil discourse on any issue. Pick an issue, and Americans try to distill often complex topics to a single tweet of 140 characters. The discourse lacks depth and educated discussion. Furthermore, politicians try to rally their base with increasingly polarized takes, and each party shifts further and further towards to their respective extremes. Abandoned in the middle, are the nation's centrists who care more for results and general prosperity than token, empty political victories.
Instruction: What is accounting?


Response: Accounting is a field of study that deals with financial data and transactions.  It is a way business keep tracking of payments made to vendors, payments made to employees, taxes paid, payments made to shareholders, and payments for general expenses.  At the heart of it an accountant is responsible for the accounting books for every single transaction a company partakes in - receiving and paying money.
Instruction: Assume you are the head boy/ girl of your school, draft a notice of around 50 words inviting students of classes 11 and 12 to attend a career counselling session by ABC, including how it will help the students.


Response: Date
Subject - Career Counselling Session by ABC

All rhe students of classes 11 and 12 are invited to attend a career counselling session by ABC, an eminent counsellor on 30th April 2023. It will be of immense benefit to all students and will help you better understand your career options, and help you meet your future goals. Interested students are requested to register their names with their respective class teachers.
Date- 30 April 2023
Time - 10 am to 12 pm
Venue - School auditorium 

Signed
Head Girl
Instruction: Why do cats make purring sounds?


Response: Cats make purring sounds as a way to communicate emotions which may include relaxation, happiness, and sometimes even excitement. However, the exact reason why cats make the purring sounds has not been fully understood.
Instruction: Which of the following technology categorized as Infrastructure as code (IAC) or CICD tool? Terraform, AWS Cloud Formation , Github actions, Azure Devops pipeline


Response: Terraform and AWS Cloud Formation is categorized as Infrastructure as code (IAC)  and Github actions, Azure Devops pipeline is categorized as CICD tool.
Instruction: What country has the most active valcanoes in the world?


Response: Indonesia has the most volcanoes in the world.  They currently have more than 140 located in an area call the Pacific Ring of Fire, around 76 of them are active volcanoes.  Active volcanoes can be very dangerous because they can erupt at any time, and predicting when they will erupt is an on-going science that scientists hope to be able to achieve with increased latency in order to save lives.
Instruction: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Massey?


Response: Maldon Massey
Instruction: Classify these as healthy or not healthy food options or not a food: french fries, KFC, apple, fruit salad, steak, beer, wine, whisky, potato chips, baked cauliflower, wrench, gravel, McDonald's, Turkish kebab, pear, bricks, aloe vera, sand.


Response: Healthy food options are: apple, fruit salad, steak, baked cauliflower, pear.
Not healthy food options are: french fries, KFC, beer, wine, whisky, potato chips, McDonald's, Turkish kebab.
Not a food: wrench, gravel, bricks, aloe vera, sand.
Instruction: is engineering a great career


Response: yes
Instruction: What is a economic trait of Generation Z (Gen Z)?

Context: As consumers, members of Generation Z are typically reliant to the Internet to research their options and to place orders. They tend to be skeptical and will shun firms whose actions and values are contradictory.[45][46] Their purchases are heavily influenced by trends they see on social media.[47]

In the West, while majorities might signal their support for certain ideals such as "environmental consciousness" to pollsters, actual purchases do not reflect their stated views, as can be seen from their high demand for cheap but not durable clothing ("fast fashion"), or preference for rapid delivery.[45][46][47] Moreover, young Western consumers of this cohort are less likely to pay a premium for what they want compared to their counterparts from emerging economies.

Response: Gen Z are dependent on the internet to do research and also to place orders. They do not use purchases to signal morals or views, as they tend to purchase fast fashion and prefer fast delivery over quality.
Instruction: According to this passage, what percent of the lithography machine market do Ultratech, Canon and Nikon, MKS Instruments, Lam Research and Cadence Design Systems have in aggregate?

Context: ASML produces the photolithography machines used in the production of computer chips. In these machines, patterns are optically imaged onto a silicon wafer that is covered with a film of light-sensitive material (photoresist). This procedure is repeated dozens of times on a single wafer. The photoresist is then further processed to create the actual electronic circuits on the silicon. The optical imaging that ASML's machines deal with is used in the fabrication of nearly all integrated circuits and, as of 2011, ASML had 67 percent of the worldwide sales of lithography machines.[4]

ASML's competition consisted of Ultratech, Canon and Nikon, MKS Instruments, Lam Research and Cadence Design Systems.[citation needed]

Response: If ASML has 67 percent of the worldwide sales of lithography machines and if Ultratech, Canon and Nikon, MKS Instruments, Lam Research and Cadence Design Systems represent their sole competition, than these companies must share the remaining 33 percent of the market.
Instruction: Classify each of the following as either a virtue or a vice: humility, kindness, patience, greed, anger, lust, envy, pride.


Response: Humility, kindness, patience are the virtues. And greed, anger, lust, envy, pride are the vices.
Instruction: Could you plan a canoe camping trip in Michigan? I want to canoe the river from start to end, and need specific camping locations for each night.


Response: I would recommend a canoe camping trip on the Au Sable River in Michigan. The river is about 114 miles long beginning in Grayling and ending in Oscoda. The river features numerous campgrounds which you will be able to camp at each night. 

Day 1
Whitepine Campground

Day 2
Parmalee Campground

Day 3
Mio Campground

Day 4
Alcona Dam Campground

Day 5
Loud Dam Campground

Day 6
End at Lake Huron
Instruction: What is Twitch Interactive?

Context: Twitch is an American video live streaming service that focuses on video game live streaming, including broadcasts of esports competitions, in addition to offering music broadcasts, creative content, and "in real life" streams. Twitch is operated by Twitch Interactive, a subsidiary of Amazon.com, Inc.[4] It was introduced in June 2011 as a spin-off of the general-interest streaming platform Justin.tv.[5] Content on the site can be viewed either live or via video on demand. The games shown on Twitch's current homepage are listed according to audience preference and include genres such as real-time strategy games (RTS), fighting games, racing games, and first-person shooters.[6]

The popularity of Twitch eclipsed that of its general-interest counterpart. In October 2013, the website had 45 million unique viewers,[7] and by February 2014, it was considered the fourth-largest source of peak Internet traffic in the United States. At the same time, Justin.tv's parent company was re-branded as Twitch Interactive to represent the shift in focus – Justin.tv was shut down in August 2014.[8] That month, the service was acquired by Amazon for US$970 million,[9][10] which later led to the introduction of synergies with the company's subscription service Amazon Prime. Twitch acquired Curse LLC in 2016, an operator of online video gaming communities[11] and introduced means to purchase games through links on streams along with a program allowing streamers to receive commissions on the sales of games that they play.

By 2015, Twitch had more than 100 million viewers per month.[12] In 2017, Twitch remained the leading live streaming video service for video games in the US, and had an advantage over YouTube Gaming, which shut down its standalone app in May 2019.[13][14][15] As of February 2020, it had 3 million broadcasters monthly and 15 million daily active users, with 1.4 million average concurrent users.[16][17] As of May 2018, Twitch had over 27,000 partner channels.[16][18]

Response: Twitch is a video live streaming service that gained popularity by focusing on video game live streaming broadcasts.
Instruction: After the song "Holding Out for a Hero" appeared in Footloose, what album did it appear in?

Context: "Holding Out for a Hero" (often erroneously titled I Need a Hero) is a song recorded by Welsh singer Bonnie Tyler for the soundtrack to the 1984 film Footloose. It later featured on her sixth studio album, Secret Dreams and Forbidden Fire (1986). The track was produced by Jim Steinman, who co-wrote the song with Dean Pitchford and was a Top 40 hit in several European countries, as well as Canada and the United States. Its 1985 re-release in the United Kingdom reached number two (remaining there for three weeks) and topped the singles chart in Ireland.

Response: Secret Dreams and Forbidden Fire
Instruction: When is the best time to see cherry blossom in Japan?


Response: The best time to visit Japan for cherry blossoms is around late March through early May, depending on the prefecture.  There are a number of factors that influene when the blooming will take place each year such as temperature and rain.
Instruction: Is Python a popular programming language?

Context: Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation via the off-side rule.[33]

Python is dynamically typed and garbage-collected. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including structured (particularly procedural), object-oriented and functional programming. It is often described as a "batteries included" language due to its comprehensive standard library.[34][35]

Guido van Rossum began working on Python in the late 1980s as a successor to the ABC programming language and first released it in 1991 as Python 0.9.0.[36] Python 2.0 was released in 2000. Python 3.0, released in 2008, was a major revision not completely backward-compatible with earlier versions. Python 2.7.18, released in 2020, was the last release of Python 2.[37]

Python consistently ranks as one of the most popular programming languages.

Response: Yes
Python is a very popular general high level programming language. It is growing rapidly and is widely used in the data science community
Instruction: What is the most popular sport?


Response: Currently soccer/football is the most popular sport globally to participate in and watch with an estimated 3.5 billion fans. With the low entry cost to play and ability to be played or practiced most anywhere it makes it easy for pretty much anyone to participate.
Instruction: Who is the successor of Queen Elizabeth II ?


Response: Charles III
Instruction: Can foreign nationals get an Aadhaar in India?

Context: Aadhaar is a 12-digit unique identity number that can be obtained voluntarily by the citizens of India and resident foreign nationals who have spent over 182 days in twelve months immediately preceding the date of application for enrolment, based on their biometric and demographic data. The data is collected by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), a statutory authority established in January 2009 by the Government of India, under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, following the provisions of the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, benefits and services) Act, 2016.
Aadhaar is the world's largest biometric ID system. World Bank Chief Economist Paul Romer described Aadhaar as "the most sophisticated ID programme in the world". Considered a proof of residence and not a proof of citizenship, Aadhaar does not itself grant any rights to domicile in India. In June 2017, the Home Ministry clarified that Aadhaar is not a valid identification document for Indians travelling to Nepal and Bhutan.
Prior to the enactment of the Act, the UIDAI had functioned, since 28 January 2009, as an attached office of the Planning Commission (now NITI Aayog). On 3 March 2016, a money bill was introduced in the Parliament to give legislative backing to Aadhaar. On 11 March 2016, the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, benefits and services) Act, 2016, was passed in the Lok Sabha.

Response: Resident foreign nationals who have spent over 182 days in twelve months immediately preceding the date of application for enrolment, based on their biometric and demographic data get an Aadhaar.
Instruction: What are some types of things you can cook at a campfire?


Response: S'mores, hotdogs, sausages, baked potatoes
Instruction: How cloudy is Seattle USA

Context: The Seattle area is the cloudiest region of the United States, due in part to frequent storms and lows moving in from the adjacent Pacific Ocean. With many more "rain days" than other major American cities, Seattle has a well-earned reputation for frequent rain. In an average year, at least 0.01 inches (0.25 mm) of precipitation falls on 150 days, more than nearly all U.S. cities east of the Rocky Mountains. However, because it often has merely a light drizzle falling from the sky for many days, Seattle actually receives significantly less rainfall (or other precipitation) overall than many other U.S. cities like New York City, Miami, or Houston. Seattle is cloudy 201 days out of the year and partly cloudy 93 days.

Response: Seattle area is the cloudiest region of the United States due to frequent storms moving from the adjacent pacific ocean. Temperature extremes are moderated by the winds from Pacific ocean.Seattle is cloudy for 290 days in a year. Seattle has many more rainy days than any major US cities. In a year at-least 0.01 inches of precipitation falls on 150 days
Instruction: Who is the greatest tennis player of all time?


Response: This is the most debated question in tennis and it seems to have multiple answers depending on how greatness is defined. While the tennis history gave us many great players, most answers pick one of the so called big three players: Novak Djokovic, Rafael Nadal, or Roger Federer. 

If we look at the number of trophies and records, the most successful player is Novak Djokovic. The dominance achieved by Rafael Nadal on a single surface is unprecedented. Some people however argue that greatness cannot be measured in trophies and records and that Roger Federer’s game is the most elegant they’ve ever seen on court.
Instruction: Choose the word which is different from the rest:  Trunk, Tree, Fruit, Leaf, Flower


Response: All others are parts of a tree.
Instruction: Tell me whether these are fiction or non fiction books: "To Kill a Mocking Bird", "The Lord of the Rings", "A Brief History of Time".


Response: "To Kill a Mocking Bird", "The Lord of the Rings" are fictions. "A Brief History of Time" is non fiction.
Instruction: What are some of the best business podcast to listen to?


Response: Planet Money, The Prof G Pod, Women & Money, The Indicator
Instruction: What are some achievements of the 137th Division

Context: The 137th Division (Chinese: 第137师) was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948,[1] basing on the 26th Division, 9th Column of the Fourth Field Army. Its history could be traced to the 13th Brigade of Jidong Military District formed in November 1945.

In the composition of 46th Corps it took part in the Chinese civil war, including the Winter Offensive of 1947 in Northeast China, Liaoshen Campaign, Pingjin Campaign, and Hengbao Campaign.

The division was composed of 409th, 410th, and 411th Infantry Regiments.

From August 1952 to October 1955 the division was deployed to North Korea as a part of the People's Volunteer Army.[2]

In June 1953, 518th Artillery Regiment was activated and attached to the division.

In October 1955, the division left North Korea along with the corps HQ and was relocated in Jilin City, Jilin Province.[3]

In May 1957, the 410th Regiment was reconstituted into reduced status. In February 1960, the 410th Regiment was reestablished to full strength.[4]

In April 1960 the division was redesignated as the 137th Army Division (Chinese: 陆军第137师). The division was then composed of:

Response: The 137th Division was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 26th Division, 9th Column of the Fourth Field Army. Its history could be traced to the 13th Brigade of Jidong Military District formed in November 1945.

In the composition of 46th Corps it took part in the Chinese civil war, including the Winter Offensive of 1947 in Northeast China, Liaoshen Campaign, Pingjin Campaign, and Hengbao Campaign.

The division was composed of 409th, 410th, and 411th Infantry Regiments.

From August 1952 to October 1955 the division was deployed to North Korea as a part of the People's Volunteer Army.

In June 1953, 518th Artillery Regiment was activated and attached to the division.

In October 1955, the division left North Korea along with the corps HQ and was relocated in Jilin City, Jilin Province.

In May 1957, the 410th Regiment was reconstituted into reduced status. In February 1960, the 410th Regiment was reestablished to full strength.

In April 1960 the division was redesignated as the 137th Army Division
Instruction: What is a Put option in finance?


Response: This is a right to sell foreign currency at a particular exchange rate.
Instruction: What should I think about when buying a car (summarization)


Response: There are many aspects to consider when choosing a car. Your budget and your needs of the vehicle (seats, luggage space, ability to drive on rough terrain) are probably the main two. These factors probably then influence how you prioritise between age of the vehicle and the mileage you're willing for it to have covered already, the type of car (convertible, estate, coupe, 4x4/SUV etc.) and the brands you consider desirable. Buying a car is typically somebody's second-largest expense, so proceed with caution; if you're planning on buying a used car, you should thoroughly research its history via online 'vehicle history check' reports and conduct the relevant checks to make sure that the person selling the car is entitled to do so.
Instruction: What is Ralph Baer famous for?


Response: Invented video games
Instruction: Which of these are languages in India and which are not Indian Languages: English, Hindi, Ukranian, French, Spanish, Hindi, Kannada, Tulu, Mandrian, Tamil, Taiwanese, Korean, Japanese, Assamese, Sanskrit, Urdu, Telugu, Russian, German, Italian, Arabic, Dutch, Welsh, Gujrati, Somali, Pahari, punjabi


Response: Hindi, Kannada, Tulu, Tamil, Assamese, Sanskrit, Telugu, Gujrati, Pahari, Punjabi are some of Indian languages
Instruction: What are Newton’s laws of motion?


Response: Newton’s laws of motion are three fundamental laws residing in mechanical physics. These laws describe the relationship of objects, the paths of motion, and the forces that are in action between them. 
Newton’s laws are as follows:
- An object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion unless acted upon by an external force.
- The force of an object is equivalent to that object’s mass multiplied by that object’s acceleration. (F=ma)
- For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Instruction: What is exchange rate?

Context: In finance, an exchange rate is the rate at which one currency will be exchanged for another currency. Currencies are most commonly national currencies, but may be sub-national as in the case of Hong Kong or supra-national as in the case of the euro.

Response: Exchange rate is the rate at which one currency will be exchanged at for another currency. Most countries have their own national currency. However, some currency are sub-national such as Hong Kong; some are supra-national such as the euro.
Instruction: What is a Penalty in Football?


Response: In FIFA Football, a penalty kick is a unique version of the direct free kick. It takes place during normal play (as opposed to a shootout). A penalty kicker shoots the ball from the penalty mark which is a spot located 12 yards (11 metres) from the goal line.