HuggingFaceH4/databricks_dolly_15k huggingface dataset:
Instruction: Based on this passage, please provide a bullet-point list of the processes used to prepare semiconducting materials for integrated circuits (ICs).

Context: There is a combination of processes that are used to prepare semiconducting materials for ICs. One process is called thermal oxidation, which forms silicon dioxide on the surface of the silicon. This is used as a gate insulator and field oxide. Other processes are called photomasks and photolithography. This process is what creates the patterns on the circuit in the integrated circuit. Ultraviolet light is used along with a photoresist layer to create a chemical change that generates the patterns for the circuit.[4]

The etching is the next process that is required. The part of the silicon that was not covered by the photoresist layer from the previous step can now be etched. The main process typically used today is called plasma etching. Plasma etching usually involves an etch gas pumped in a low-pressure chamber to create plasma. A common etch gas is chlorofluorocarbon, or more commonly known Freon. A high radio-frequency voltage between the cathode and anode is what creates the plasma in the chamber. The silicon wafer is located on the cathode, which causes it to be hit by the positively charged ions that are released from the plasma. The result is silicon that is etched anisotropically.[1][4]

The last process is called diffusion. This is the process that gives the semiconducting material its desired semiconducting properties. It is also known as doping. The process introduces an impure atom to the system, which creates the p–n junction. To get the impure atoms embedded in the silicon wafer, the wafer is first put in a 1,100 degree Celsius chamber. The atoms are injected in and eventually diffuse with the silicon. After the process is completed and the silicon has reached room temperature, the doping process is done and the semiconducting material is ready to be used in an integrated circuit.[1][4]

Response: -Thermal oxidation
-Photomasks/photolithography
-Etching (mainly plasma etching)
-Diffusion/doping
Instruction: Classify these as positive or negative reviews: "Interesting concept but execution left a lot to be desired", "Would have loved it but the main character was completely 1D", "One of the best horror books I've read in years", "Would see it again"


Response: "Interesting concept but execution left a lot to be desired": negative, "Would have loved it but the main character was completely 1D": negative, "One of the best horror books I've read in years": positive, "Would see it again": positive
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the winners of the The Masters Tournament for the last decade.


Response: The winners of The Masters Tournament since 2013 were: In 2022 - Scottie Scheffler; 2021 - Hideki Matsuyama; 2020 - Dustin Johnson;  2019 - Tiger Woods; 2018 - Patrick Reed; 2017 - Sergio Garcia; 2016 - Danny Willett; 2015 - Jordan Spieth; 2014 - Bubba Watson; 2013 - Adam Scott. Each year the winner of the Masters Tournament is famously gifted a green dinner jacket.
Instruction: Ideas on how to cure my dog's red paws.


Response: Rest your dog.
Inspect your dog's paws for injuries.
Treat your dog's paws with an antibiotic solution or anti-fungal solution.
Consider your dog's diet and potential food allergies.
Inspect your dog's regular physical environment for possible sources of allergy or injury.
Have your dog's paws inspected by a veterinarian.
Consider using a device to prevent your dog from licking it's paws until the condition subsides.
Instruction: Make me a list of all the different ways I could tell my sister about a recent vacation


Response: You could tell her about your vacation by writing a letter, mailing a postcard, sending an email, giving her a call, sending a text or visiting her house
Instruction: Given a reference text about Sean Dunphy, tell me where he is buried.

Context: Sean Dunphy (30 November 1937 – 17 May 2011) was an Irish singer who represented Ireland at the 1967 Eurovision Song Contest, achieving second place with "If I Could Choose". He was also the first Irish singer to record in Nashville.[1]

Career
Born in Whitehall, Dublin, Dunphy first became famous in his home country as lead singer with The Hoedowners, a showband led by trumpeter Earl Gill.[2] Between 1966 and 1973, fourteen singles by Sean Dunphy and The Hoedowners entered the Irish Charts including, in 1969, two number ones: "Lonely Woods of Upton" and "When The Fields Were White With Daisies". In the late 1970s, Dunphy went on to have two further hits as a solo artist.

Despite undergoing a quadruple heart bypass operation in 2007, Sean Dunphy continued to give live performances.[3] In March 2009, he sang many of his greatest hits in a one-off concert at Dublin's National Concert Hall.[4] His last public engagement was at a charity event twenty-four hours before his death.[5]

Dunphy died at his home in Baldoyle, County Dublin and is buried at Greenogue cemetery in Ashbourne, County Meath.[6]

Sean Dunphy and his wife Lily had four children. His son Brian is a member of the Irish band, The High Kings.[5]

Response: Sean Dunphy is buried at Greenogue cemetery in Ashbourne, County Meath.
Instruction: What component do you need to have to build a PC?


Response: You will need at least the following components to build a PC:

* Motherboard
* Processor (CPU)
* Storage (hard drive or SSD)
* Memory (RAM)
* Case
* CPU Fans/Cooling Unit
* Power supply
* GPU (Optionally)
Instruction: What are Heat Shock proteins?

Context: Heat shock proteins (HSP) are a family of proteins produced by cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions. They were first described in relation to heat shock,[1] but are now known to also be expressed during other stresses including exposure to cold,[2] UV light[3] and during wound healing or tissue remodeling.[4] Many members of this group perform chaperone functions by stabilizing new proteins to ensure correct folding or by helping to refold proteins that were damaged by the cell stress.[5] This increase in expression is transcriptionally regulated. The dramatic upregulation of the heat shock proteins is a key part of the heat shock response and is induced primarily by heat shock factor (HSF).[6] HSPs are found in virtually all living organisms, from bacteria to humans.

Response: Heat shock proteins (HSP) are a family of proteins produced by cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions.
Instruction: Tell me whether these are metals or non-metals: Sodium, Helium, Aluminum, Chlorine, Gold


Response: Metals: Sodium, Aluminium, Gold
Non-Metals: Chlorine, Helium
Instruction: Which is the last dynasty in China?


Response: The Qing Dynasty
Instruction: Why is soccer so popular?


Response: Soccer, or football, is played in every corner of the globe, from world-class pitches to back streets. All one needs to play is a round ball and some markers to signify the goals. The same cannot be said for other sports which commonly require specialized equipment or venues. Due to this accessibility, the world has seen many great footballing talents come from diverse socio-economic backgrounds and nations. 

It is a team-based sport that is incredibly unpredictable. Ironically, underdogs have frequently overcome defying odds to win. It is a beautiful sport to watch as moments of individual skill or team play can completely change the outcome of a game. 

For these reasons, among many others, is why football is the world's most popular sport and is commonly referred to as "the beautiful game."
Instruction: What is a Moluccan hanging parrot?

Context: The Moluccan hanging parrot (Loriculus amabilis) is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. It is endemic to forest and nearby habitats on Halmahera, Bacan and Morotai in Indonesia. It has sometimes included the Sula hanging parrot as a subspecies, but the two are increasingly treated as separate species based on their distinct differences in plumage and size (11 cm for the Moluccan hanging parrot versus 14 cm for the Sula hanging parrot).[2]

Response: The Moluccan hanging parrot is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. It is endemic to forest and nearby habitats on Halmahera, Bacan and Morotai in Indonesia.
Instruction: Are you going for a walk today?


Response: Today I'm definitely going for a walk, the weather is great! These last rainy days haven't been the best, but now I'm feeling refreshed, so staying home would be a waste.
Instruction: From the passage provided, extract the names of moons/natural satellites of Mars.

Context: Mars (1.382–1.666 AU (206.7–249.2 million km; 128.5–154.9 million mi) from the Sun) is smaller than Earth and Venus (0.107 MEarth). It has an atmosphere of mostly carbon dioxide with a surface pressure of 6.1 millibars (0.088 psi; 0.18 inHg); roughly 0.6% of that of Earth but sufficient to support weather phenomena.[106] Its surface, peppered with volcanoes, such as Olympus Mons, and rift valleys, such as Valles Marineris, shows geological activity that may have persisted until as recently as 2 million years ago.[107] Its red colour comes from iron oxide (rust) in its soil.[108] Mars has two tiny natural satellites (Deimos and Phobos) thought to be either captured asteroids,[109] or ejected debris from a massive impact early in Mars's history.

Response: Mars has two moons/natural satellites : Deimos and Phobos
Instruction: How to make a dish thicken fast without adding cream or starch?


Response: Everyone likes when the dish is thick and creamy. As an example chickpeas with potatoes and curry spices if cooked can be watery the same day. To make it thick take out some boiled chickpeas, put it in a grinder and add to the mix.

So the simple asnwer use your thickening agent can come from the same dish you're planning to cook.
Instruction: Give me the list of philosophers of science from the 19th century


Response: Here is the list of philosophers of science from the 19th century:

- Auguste Comte
- William Whewell
- George Henry Lewes
- William Stanley Jevons
- Ernst Mach
- Charles Sanders Peirce
- Edmund Husserl
- Frederich Engels
Instruction: From the passage note down the awards won by Babaluku. List the results in comma separated format.

Context: Babaluku, born Silas Babaluku Balabyekkubo, is a Ugandan rapper, musician, producer, community youth activist and social entrepreneur who raps in Luganda. He is a member of the Bataka Squad.[1][2] He is the founder of "the Bavubuka Foundation which equips the youth with leadership skills". He is one of the pioneers of "Lugaflow" which is rap music in Luganda.[3] He was featured in a 2008 documentary "Diamonds in the Rough: A Ugandan Hip-hop Revolution" that covered his journey from his crew’s early days of performing in Uganda to performing in at festivals in the United States of America.[4]Early life and educationBababuluku was born in Kampala, Uganda in 1979. He is the first born of eight children to the late Pastor Deo Balabaekubo and Mrs Christine Balabyekubo.[5] He went to Emen Memorial and Molly and Paul Primary schools in Makindye and eventually left for Canada when he was 12 years old. He is a graduate of sound engineering from British Columbia academy in Vancouver.[6]MusicBabaluku started his music career in 1994. He is one of the pioneers of Lugaflow, which is rap in Luganda. He has a number of awards including a Pearl of Africa Award for Best Hip Hop Single and Buzz Teen Awards for Best Hip Hop Artist. The documentary "Diamonds in the Rough" in which he featured, won the Audience Choice Award at Dances With Films Festival and Best Feature Documentary at Peace on Earth Film Festival. In 2010 Babaluku was honored by the Ugandan Cultural Association for his Excellence and also chosen as Pioneer of the Year by the Words Beats & Life Remix Teach-In Awards.[7]

Response: Pearl of Africa Award, Buzz Teen Awards, Audience Choice Award at Dances With Films Festival,Best Feature Documentary at Peace on Earth Film Festival, Honored by the Ugandan Cultural Association for his Excellence, Chosen as Pioneer of the Year by the Words Beats & Life Remix Teach-In Awards
Instruction: Give me a funny fact


Response: It takes guts to be an organ donor
Instruction: What does long hair say about a woman?


Response: It found that people regarded long- or short-haired women as being equally self-assured and independent, although women with long hair were perceived as being more feminine. You'd think they'd logically perceive long-haired women as possessing qualities we've traditionally associated with womanhood—passivity, empathy
Instruction: Q: Will Miracle Mineral Solution (MMS) cure COVID-19?


Response: A:  No. Miracle Mineral Solution does not cure COVID-19 and has not been approved by the FDA for any use. The solution, when mixed as directed, forms industrial bleach that may cause serious and potentially life-threatening side effects. The FDA took action against Genesis II Church of Health and Healing for unlawfully distributing Miracle Mineral Solution for the treatment of COVID-19 and other diseases. Learn more: Danger: Don’t Drink Miracle Mineral Solution or Similar Products.
Instruction: Given this paragraph about Twitter, how can programmers connect to Twitter when building custom applications?

Context: Twitter is an online social media and social networking service owned and operated by American company Twitter, Inc., on which users post or reply to texts, images and videos known as "tweets".[9] Registered users can tweet, like, "retweet" tweets and direct message (DM), while unregistered users only have the ability to view public tweets. Users interact with Twitter through browser or mobile frontend software, or programmatically via its APIs.

Response: Programmers can connect to Twitter when building custom applications by using Twitter APIs.
Instruction: Where is the language Zimba spoken?

Context: Zimba is a Bantu language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Response: Zimba is a Bantu language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, spoken in a band of country south of the Elila River. It is not closely related to other languages, unless the divergent dialects Kwange and Mamba (Kyenyemamba) are considered separate languages.
Instruction: Summarize legacy of ibn-Batuta

Context: After his collaboration with Ibn Jazayy ended, Ibn Batuta retired to a judicial post in a small Moroccan provincial town, where he died in 1368.

Ibn Battuta has been called the greatest of all travel writers, having traveled farther than Marco Polo. In his work, he provided priceless glimpses of the various people, courts and religious monuments around the world. His travelogue has been the source of countless research projects and historical investigations.

Even if some of the stories were borrowed, and some of the tales a bit too marvelous to be believed, Ibn Battuta's rilha remains an enlightening and influential work of travel literature to this day.

Response: Ibn-Batuta was considered one of the greatest traveler of his time. His travelogues provided first ever glimpse of cultures, dynasties and religions of the world. Despite its shortcomings, his work remains influential even today.
Instruction: Summarize best way to climb Mount Everest


Response: To climb Mount Everest, prepare physically and mentally, gain high-altitude experience, climb during pre/post-monsoon seasons, choose a suitable route, and hire a reputable expedition company for support and logistics.
Instruction: How many children did James S. Wall have?

Context: Wall was born on the Navajo Nation in Ganado, Arizona, to James and Joan (née Hamilton) Wall. His parents converted to Catholicism after coming into contact with two Franciscan friars. One of six children, he has three sisters and two brothers. Wall graduated from Chandler High School in Chandler, Arizona, in 1983 and attended Arizona State University, obtaining a bachelor's degree in history in 1993.

Response: James S. Wall had six children.
Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Hovasaurus, Green Turtle


Response: Green Turtle is alive, Hovasaurus is extinct.
Instruction: What is the difference between a day on Earth and Mars?


Response: A day on mars is called a Sol whose name is borrowed from the Latin word for Sun. Compared to a day on Earth, a sol is slightly longer at 24 hours, 39 minutes, and 35 seconds which is equivalent to 1.0275 Earth days. Spacecraft that have landed on Mars conventionally use a 24 hour Mars clock where the hours, minutes, and seconds are 2.75% longer than the standard Earth durations.
Instruction: Tell me about Clarence Adams

Context: Clarence Richard Adams (born July 6, 1974) is an American former professional boxer. He has won a world title in the Super Bantamweight weight division.

Professional career
Adams turned pro in 1990, at the age of 16.[1] In 2000 defeated Néstor Garza for the WBA super bantamweight title by unanimous decision. In his first defense he beat Andres Fernandez by 6th-round TKO. The fight ended when the referee stopped the fight and the ringside physician, Armando Sanchez, determined that Fernandez could not continue due to cuts.

Adams defended the title one more time before vacating to fight Paulie Ayala. He lost the bout by split decision in 2001, and also lost a rematch in 2002. Adams retired in 2003 after drawing with journeyman Manuel Sepeda, but returned to boxing in 2006. On June 12, 2009, Adams defeated veteran Alex "Ali" Baba in an 8th-round TKO.

His last match was in 2010, a fourth-round technical knockout loss to Edel Ruiz, which brought Adams’ record to 44-7-4 with 20 knockouts and 1 no contest.[2]

In 2015, Adams was ordered to spend half a year behind bars after pleading guilty to being part of a group of people involved with drug trafficking, fraud and prostitution. Adams, who was a driver for the limousine company accused of the criminal activity, “admitted to playing a small role in the prostitution and drug dealing portions of the scheme.”[3]

Adams now owns Bones Adams Gym in Las Vegas, a boxing training center. He played a key role in helping Blair Cobbs becoming a professional boxer.[4] As of September 2021, Adams is now training Amir Khan's first-ever signing and protege, Tal Singh, a former England amateur champion, who he is hoping to guide towards a historic world title triumph.[5] Adams also trains Shane Mosley Jr. in his Las Vegas gym.[6]

Response: Clarence Richard Adams (born July 6, 1974) is an American former professional boxer who has won a world title in the Super Bantamweight weight division. He turned pro in 1990 at the age of 16. In 2000, he unanimously defeated Néstor Garza for the WBA super bantamweight title. In his first defence, he beat Andres Fernandez by 6th-round TKO. He defended the title one more time before vacating to fight Paulie Ayala. He retired in 2003 after drawing with journeyman Manuel Sepeda but returned to boxing in 2006. In 2009, he defeated veteran Alex "Ali" Baba in an 8th-round TKO. His last match was in 2010, a fourth-round technical knockout loss to Edel Ruiz. In 2015, Adams was ordered to spend half a year behind bars after pleading guilty to being part of a group of people involved with drug trafficking, fraud and prostitution. He now owns Bones Adams Gym in Las Vegas and is currently training Amir Khan's first-ever signing and protege, Tal Singh.
Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Kouxian, Tres cubano


Response: Tres cubano is string, Kouxian is percussion.
Instruction: Mary is twice as old as Elizabeth. John is two years older than Elizabeth. John's and Elizabeth's ages combined equal eight. How old is Mary? Explain your reasoning.


Response: Let's call Elizabeth's age x. We know that John is two years older than Elizabeth, and their combined ages are 8. So x + x + 2 = 8, meaning Elizabeth is 3. Mary is twice Elizabeth's age, which makes Mary 6.
Instruction: What are the three original citrus fruits?


Response: Contrary to popular belief, the three original citrus fruits are the mandarin, pomelo and citron. All other popular fruits such as the bitter orange, lemons or grapefruit are all hybrids.
Instruction: Tell me whether these are states or cities: Massachusetts, Denver, Wyoming, Los Angeles, Miami, and Alabama.


Response: Massachusetts, Wyoming, and Alabama are all states in the United States of America. Massachusetts is in the northeast, Wyoming is in the west, and Alabama is in the southeastern part of the county. Denver, Los Angeles, and Miami are all cities. Denver is in Colorado, Los Angeles in California, and Miami in Florida.
Instruction: What are the five best places to hike in the San Francisco Bay Area and why?


Response: 1. Alamere Fall includes a waterfall spilling into the Pacific Ocean
2. Tomales Point includes views of open water in three directions along with close encounters with the local elk population.
3. Land's End is a beautiful cliffside trail right in the city of San Francisco.
4. Mount Tamalpais is a Marin County peak with views of the ocean and the city.
5. The trail at Grey Whale Cove runs south to Montara State Beach, and in the spring and fall seasons is the perfect place to spot migrating grey whales.
Instruction: Is SAS a language or a software product?


Response: SAS is both a programming language and a software product.
Instruction: Is The Last Of Us Part I a good PC game?


Response: Yes and no. The Last Of US franchise has great gameplay and story telling. It was released on Playstation in 2013 and received overwhelmingly positive review. However the recent port from Playstation to PC was a disaster. It's plagued with software bugs like constant crashing and stuttering. Even the latest generation PC hardware cannot handle it well because it's poorly optimized. That said, the game is being patched regularly and may improve in the future.