HuggingFaceH4/databricks_dolly_15k huggingface dataset:
Instruction: What are the National League and American League in Major League Baseball?


Response: They are the 2 overarching leagues that comprise all of Major League Baseball (MLB). There are 15 teams per league and within each league, there are 3 divisions (west, central, and east). The rules are consistent between the leagues (though that was not the case as recently as a few years ago until the NL adopted the designated hitter rule). Following the 162-game regular season, there are playoffs in each league. The winner of the American League and the National League have won the pennant for their respective league. They then play against each other in the World Series to determine the championship team of the season.
Instruction: From the text below, list the years that the White House Chief of Staff was removed from the United States Cabinet. Separate them with a comma.

Context: Positions intermittently elevated to Cabinet-rank
Ambassador to the United Nations (1953–1989, 1993–2001, 2009–2018, 2021–present)
Director of the Office of Management and Budget (1953–1961, 1969–present)
White House Chief of Staff (1953–1961, 1974–1977, 1993–present)
Counselor to the President (1969–1977, 1981–1985, 1992–1993): A title used by high-ranking political advisers to the president of the United States and senior members of the Executive Office of the President since the Nixon administration.[11] Incumbents with Cabinet rank included Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Donald Rumsfeld and Anne Armstrong.
White House Counsel (1974–1977)
United States Trade Representative (1975–present)
Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers (1977–1981, 1993–2001, 2009–2017, 2021–present)
National Security Advisor (1977–1981)
Director of Central Intelligence (1981–1989, 1995–2001)[12][13][14]
Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (1993–present)
Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy (1993–2009)[15][16]
Administrator of the Small Business Administration (1994–2001, 2012–present)
Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (1996–2001): Created as an independent agency in 1979, raised to Cabinet rank in 1996,[17] and dropped from Cabinet rank in 2001.[18]
Director of National Intelligence (2017–present)
Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (2017–2021)
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (2021–present)

Response: 1961, 1977
Instruction: What happens if the sky falls down?


Response: The question does not make sense. Sky is a term used to describe the upward view from the surface of the Earth. It can also be described as the space between Earth’s surface and outer space. Therefore the idea of the sky falling down is absurd. However, the famous idiom “The Sky is falling” refers to panic and mass hysteria.
Instruction: Is Scala the best programming language?


Response: That depends on your opinion, but most users of Scala enjoy it's use and think it is a good language.
Instruction: What is a good Manhattan recipe?


Response: A Manhattan is a cocktail that can be made with either bourbon or rye.  I prefer using rye due to the extra spicy and peppery flavors of the rye enhancing the drink.  For the drink, mix two ounces of rye with one ounce of sweet vermouth in a cocktail shaker.  Add 2 dashes of bitters to the mix.  Add ice, cap the shaker, and shake vigorously for about 15-20 seconds.  Uncap the shaker and pour the Manhattan into a glass.  Garnish with a Maraschino cherry if you desire.
Instruction: Which of the following are convex functions: x^2, x square, 0, sin(x), e^x, sqrt(x), x^-0.5


Response: x^2, x square, 0, e^x
Instruction: From the passage list down the materials used to prepare boomerang. List the results in comma separated format.

Context: A boomerang is a throwing stick with aerodynamic properties, traditionally made of wood, but also of bone, horn, tusks and even iron. Modern boomerangs used for sport may be made from plywood or plastics such as ABS, polypropylene, phenolic paper, or carbon fibre-reinforced plastics.

Boomerangs come in many shapes and sizes depending on their geographic or tribal origins and intended function. Many people think only of the traditional Australian type, although today there are many types of more easily usable boomerangs, such as the cross-stick, the pinwheel, the tumble-stick, the Boomabird, and many other less common types.

An important distinction should be made between returning boomerangs and non-returning boomerangs:

Returning boomerangs fly, and are examples of the earliest heavier-than-air human-made flight. A returning boomerang has two or more aerofoil section wings arranged so that when spinning they create unbalanced aerodynamic forces that curve its path into an ellipse, returning to its point of origin when thrown correctly. Their typical L-shape makes them the most recognisable form of boomerang. Although used primarily for leisure or recreation, returning boomerangs are also used to decoy birds of prey, thrown above the long grass to frighten game birds into flight and into waiting nets. Non-traditional, modern, competition boomerangs come in many shapes, sizes and materials.
Non-returning boomerangs, throwing sticks, valari, or kylies, are primarily used as weapons. They lack the aerofoil sections, are generally heavier and designed to travel as straight and forcefully as possible to the target to bring down game. The Tamil valari variant, of ancient origin and mentioned in the Tamil Sangam literature "Purananuru", was one of these. The usual form of the Valari is two limbs set at an angle; one thin and tapering, the other rounded as a handle. Although valaris come in many shapes and sizes they are usually made of cast iron cast from moulds. However, some may have wooden limbs tipped with iron or with lethally sharpened edges or with special double-edged and razor-sharp daggers known as kattari.

Response: wood, bone, horn, tusks, iron, plywood, plastics such as ABS, polypropylene, phenolic paper, carbon fibre-reinforced plastics
Instruction: Given this paragraph about hedgehogs, why are they different from porcupines?

Context: Hedgehogs are easily recognized by their spines, which are hollow hairs made stiff with keratin.Their spines are not poisonous or barbed and, unlike the quills of a porcupine, do not easily detach from their bodies. However, the immature animal's spines normally fall out as they are replaced with adult spines. This is called "quilling". Spines can also shed when the animal is diseased or under extreme stress. Hedgehogs are usually brown, with pale tips to the spines, though blonde hedgehogs are found on the Channel Island of Alderney.

Response: Hedgehog spines do not easily detach rom their bodies like porcupines.
Instruction: What are some of most popular science fiction and fantasy books with TV or movie adaptations in the past twenty years?


Response: There have been many extremely popular science fiction and fantasy books in the last ten years, but a small selection that were extremely popular and had successful TV/movie adaptations might include: "The Lord of the Rings" by J.R.R. Tolkien, which was published in 1955 but remains extremely popular and whose movie adaptations won a record number of Academy Awards; the series "A Song of Ice and Fire" by George R.R. Martin, the first book of which is "A Game of Thrones", is very popular and was adapted into a critically successful TV show on HBO; "The Hunger Games" by Suzanne Collins, also with a series of successful movie adaptations; and "Dune" by Frank Herbert, which has had a number of movie adaptations with the most recent releasing in 2021.
Instruction: What is a mortgage?


Response: A mortgage loan or simply mortgage, in civil law jurisdicions known also as a hypothec loan, is a loan used either by purchasers of real property to raise funds to buy real estate, or by existing property owners to raise funds for any purpose while putting a lien on the property being mortgaged. The loan is "secured" on the borrower's property through a process known as mortgage origination. This means that a legal mechanism is put into place which allows the lender to take possession and sell the secured property ("foreclosure" or "repossession") to pay off the loan in the event the borrower defaults on the loan or otherwise fails to abide by its terms. The word mortgage is derived from a Law French term used in Britain in the Middle Ages meaning "death pledge" and refers to the pledge ending (dying) when either the obligation is fulfilled or the property is taken through foreclosure. A mortgage can also be described as "a borrower giving consideration in the form of a collateral for a benefit (loan)".
Instruction: Why do some people prefer pickleball over tennis?


Response: Pickleball is played on half of a tennis court. Pickleball has been rising in popularity in the last decade. People used to think it was only for older adults. But pickleball leagues for younger players are popping up everywhere. Many people prefer pickleball over tennis because it is easier to pick up without formal lessons, the equipment is less expensive, and the matches are much shorter.
Instruction: How many teams are in the MLB American League

Context: The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs, known simply as the American League (AL), is one of two leagues that make up Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States and Canada.

Response: The American League consists of 15 teams (including one Canadian team) aligned in three divisions: the AL East, comprising the Baltimore Orioles, Boston Red Sox, New York Yankees, Tampa Bay Rays, and Toronto Blue Jays; the AL Central, comprising the Chicago White Sox, Cleveland Indians, Detroit Tigers, Kansas City Royals, and Minnesota Twins; and the AL West, comprising the Houston Astros, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, Oakland Athletics, Seattle Mariners, and Texas Rangers.
Instruction: What are the various ways by which one can stay active in the day to help fight obesity?


Response: Here are the following ways by which one can stay physically fit and avoid weight again:
1. Get atleast 10000 steps a day. This can be done by walking up and down the stairs when the opportunity arises, going for a walk during the day and maybe even walking around the house.
2. Reduce consumption of processed foods like sugar, starch etc. Eating plenty of green vegetables and fruits has a lot of health benefits.
3. Find a workout type thay excites you like rhumba, or running. Going to the gym and doing some boring workout will not be sustainable in the long term
Instruction: Extract the names of Serbian political parties mentioned in the text and put them into a bulleted list.

Context: Serbia's electoral system was reformed in 2011, such that parliamentary mandates were awarded in numerical order to candidates on successful lists. Milisavljević received the forty-ninth position on the Democratic Party's Choice for a Better Life list and was re-elected when the list won sixty-seven mandates.[7] The Serbian Progressive Party and the Socialist Party of Serbia formed a new coalition government after the election, and the Democratic Party moved into opposition. In 2013, Milisavljević proposed that the government of Serbia sell its high-powered Mercedes, Audi, and BMW cars in favour of the Fiat 500L model produced in Kragujevac. This proposal received some attention in the Italian media.[8]

Response: * Democratic Party
* Serbian Progressive Party
* Socialist Party of Serbia
Instruction: Please give me the list of airports that are owned by Australia Pacific Airports Corporation.

Context: Australia Pacific Airports Corporation Limited (APAC) is an unlisted company and owner of two Australian airports: Melbourne Airport and Launceston Airport. Each airport is operated by an airport lessee company, in which APAC has a controlling interest: Australia Pacific Airports (Melbourne) Pty Ltd and Australia Pacific Airports (Launceston) Pty Ltd respectively.[4]

Response: Australia Pacific Airports Corporation Limited owns two airports in Australia called Launceston Airport and Melbourne Airport.
Instruction: What is the effective interest rate (EIR)?


Response: The effective interest rate (EIR), effective annual interest rate, annual equivalent rate (AER) or simply effective rate is the percentage of interest on a loan or financial product if compound interest accumulates over a year during which no payments are made. It is the compound interest payable annually in arrears, based on the nominal interest rate. It is used to compare the interest rates between loans with different compounding periods, such as weekly, monthly, half-yearly or yearly.
Instruction: What is the largest state in the US?


Response: Alaska
Instruction: Who named the Landscape Arch?

Context: The arch is among many in the Devils Garden area in the north of the park. Landscape Arch was named by Frank Beckwith who explored the area in the winter of 1933–1934 as the leader of an Arches National Monument scientific expedition. The arch can be reached by a 0.8 mi (1.3 km) graded gravel trail.

Response: The landscape arch was named by Frank Beckwith who found the arch by exploring the area in the winter of 1933-1934
Instruction: Who are some of the top goal scorers of all time for Manchester City?


Response: Some of the top goal scorers of all time for Manchester City are Sergio Aguero, Eric Brook, Tommy Johnson, Colin Bell, and Joe Hayes.
Instruction: What was the turning point in the Pacific Theatre in WW2?


Response: The Battle of Midway in June of 1943 was most likely the turning point of the Pacific War.  Up until that point, the Japanese held the initiative and momentum.  When they lost 4 carriers and precious pilots and planes during the battle, they were significantly weakened and were never able to regain the initiative but instead spent most of rest of the war on the defensive.
Instruction: Which of the following bodies of water are below sea level: Dead Sea, Lake Ontario, Sea of Galilee, the Hudson Bay, Lake Assal?


Response: The Dead Sea, the Sea of Galilee, and Lake Assal are all below sea level.
Instruction: Given this paragraph about Nicaraguan nationality law, with which countries can Nicaraguan citizens obtain dual citizenship?

Context: Nicaragua has a large diaspora that make significant contributions to the economy. Recognizing that forcing them to give up Nicaraguan nationality to acquire a different nationality would impact the country, changes were made to eliminate the possibility that birthright Nicaraguans could lose their nationality.[11] Nicaragua has dual nationality treaties with Argentina, the nations of Central America, Italy and Spain.[10] Children born abroad who obtain nationality by birth in another place are also accepted as dual nationals. In the case that their parents are naturalized Nicaraguans, they must ratify their choice of Nicaraguan citizenship upon attaining the age of 16.[12]

Response: Nicaraguan nationals can obtain dual citizenship through joint-treaty with Argentina, Central American nations, Italy, and Spain. Children with parents who are Nicaraguan citizens that are born abroad will receive dual citizenship.
Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the distinctive physical characteristics of Beavers described in this passage.

Context: Beavers have large skulls and powerful chewing muscles. They have four chisel-shaped incisors that continue to grow throughout their lives. The incisors are covered in a thick enamel that is colored orange or reddish-brown by iron compounds. The lower incisors have roots that are almost as long as the entire lower jaw. Beavers have one premolar and three molars on all four sides of the jaws, adding up to 20 teeth. The molars have meandering ridges for grinding woody material. The eyes, ears and nostrils are arranged so that they can remain above water while the rest of the body is submerged. The nostrils and ears have valves that close underwater, while nictitating membranes cover the eyes. To protect the larynx and trachea from water flow, the epiglottis is contained within the nasal cavity instead of the throat. In addition, the back of the tongue can rise and create a waterproof seal. A beaver's lips can close behind the incisors, preventing water from entering their mouths as they cut and bite onto things while submerged.

Response: - Large skulls
-Four chisel shaped incisors covered in thick orange or reddish-brown enamel
- One premolar and three molars on all four sides of the jaw
- Nostril valves that close underwater
- Membranes that can cover the eyes underwater
Instruction: From this paragraph, find out who built the Panama Canal

Context: The Panama Canal is an artificial 82 km (51 mi) waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean and divides North and South America. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a conduit for maritime trade. One of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever undertaken, the Panama Canal shortcut greatly reduces the time for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, enabling them to avoid the lengthy, hazardous Cape Horn route around the southernmost tip of South America via the Drake Passage or Strait of Magellan.

Colombia, France, and later the United States controlled the territory surrounding the canal during construction. France began work on the canal in 1881, but stopped because of lack of investors' confidence due to engineering problems and a high worker mortality rate. The United States took over the project on May 4, 1904, and opened the canal on August 15, 1914. The US continued to control the canal and surrounding Panama Canal Zone until the 1977 Torrijos–Carter Treaties provided for its handover to Panama. After a period of joint American–Panamanian control, the canal was taken over by the Panamanian government in 1999. It is now managed and operated by the government-owned Panama Canal Authority.

Canal locks at each end lift ships up to Gatun Lake, an artificial lake 26 meters (85 ft) above sea level, created to reduce the amount of excavation work required for the canal, and then lower the ships at the other end. The original locks are 33.5 meters (110 ft) wide. A third, wider lane of locks was constructed between September 2007 and May 2016. The expanded waterway began commercial operation on June 26, 2016. The new locks allow transit of larger, New Panamax ships.

Annual traffic has risen from about 1,000 ships in 1914, when the canal opened, to 14,702 vessels in 2008, for a total of 333.7 million Panama Canal/Universal Measurement System (PC/UMS) tons. By 2012, more than 815,000 vessels had passed through the canal. In 2017 it took ships an average of 11.38 hours to pass between the canal's two locks. The American Society of Civil Engineers has ranked the Panama Canal one of the seven wonders of the modern world.

Response: France began work on the Panama canal in 1881, but stopped because of lack of investors' confidence due to engineering problems and a high worker mortality rate. The United States took over the project on May 4, 1904, and opened the canal on August 15, 1914.
Instruction: Tell me whether these are mammals or amphibians: rats, cats, dogs,  frogs, toads, salamanders, newts, caecilians, deer, monkeys, apes, bats, whales, dolphins, and humans.


Response: rats are mammals.
cats are mammals
dogs are mammals
frogs are amphibians.
toads are amphibians.
salamanders are amphibians.
newts are amphibians.
caecilians are amphibians.
deer are mammals.
monkeys are mammals.
apes are mammals.
bats are mammals.
whales are mammals.
dolphins are mammals.
humans are mammals.
Instruction: How can I compose electronic music in 3 simple ways ?


Response: 1 - Use an artificial intelligence backed music application (i.e. Amper Music, MuseNet, AIVA)
2 - Use a software application to compose instruments partitions (i.e. FruityLoops Studio)
3 - Play and record single instruments at home or studio and the mix them using an application
Instruction: I love nature. What can I do in Boppard, Germany?


Response: Boppard is a beautiful town in the Upper Middle Rhine Valley between Bingen and Koblenz. It is surrounded by stunning natural landscapes. If you love nature, there are a few things you can do in Boppard:
1. Do the “Klettersteig Boppard”. The “Klettersteig Boppard” is a via ferrata climbing route that lets you explore the Rhine Valley in a challenging but unique way.
2. Climb the “Ripp”: The “Ripp” is a trail that starts in Boppard and goes up all the way to a lookout point called “Vierseenblick” (see 3).
3. Visit the “Vierseenblick”: The Vierseenblick is a lookout point from which the Rhine appears to be divided into four lakes, hence the German name “vier Seen” (“four lakes”).
4. Hike the “Rheinburgenweg” (“Rhine castles trail”) Trail: The “Rheinburgenweg” is a scenic hiking trail that runs along the Rhine River and offers breathtaking views of the Rhine Valley, including old castles on the other side of the valley. You can start the trail in Boppard and hike north or south.
These are just a few ideas, but there are many other nature-related activities and attractions in Boppard that you might enjoy. For more input, you can search for "Fünfseenblick lookout", "The Loreley Rock", "Geierlay suspension bridge", or "Bacharach".
Instruction: I am looking for a new religion to convert to, what do you recommend?


Response: The choice of religion is very personal. It depends on many personal and societal factors that vary among individuals. However, just based on historical data, Polytheism was the typical form of religion for most of human's history. It has been practiced since the first human gatherings, with records going back to 12,000 years BC. Even today polytheistic religions collectively have the largest number of followers throughout the world. If you just go by numbers, I would recommend a polytheistic religion. Fortunately, there many to chose from.
Instruction: What are the differences between an upright piano and a grand piano?


Response: The main differences between an upright piano and a grand piano are:
- action mechanisms: an upright piano utilizes a string action to allow vertically placed hammers to reset, while gravity returns the hammers in a grand piano, offering better responsiveness and repetition speed
- pedals: a grand piano usually have 3 pedals, and an upright piano has 2 or 3 pedals with different functions.

Though it depends on the specific models and conditions, a grand piano usually offers better dynamic range and richer resonance than an upright piano.
Instruction: Tell me about the junk mail circle of life


Response: Companies send mailers to every home in a certain vicinity/zip code. The post office delivers the junk mail to your mailbox. You get your mail and place the junk mail in the garbage. You take your garbage out for collection. The garbage people throw the junk mail into the dumpster. The end.