HuggingFaceH4/databricks_dolly_15k huggingface dataset:
Instruction: What is the main tax-related difference between a brokerage account and an IRA ?


Response: The main difference tax-related difference between a brokerage account and an IRA is that the gains made on investments in a brokerage account are subject to capital gains taxes while gains in an IRA are not.
Instruction: When do schools close for summer vacation in Cameroon and Nigeria?

Context: Schools and universities typically have a summer break to take advantage of the warmer weather and longer days. In almost all countries, children are out of school during this time of year for summer break, although dates vary. Many families will take holidays for a week or two over summer, particularly in Southern Hemisphere Western countries with statutory Christmas and New Year holidays.
In the United States, public schools usually end in late May in Memorial Day weekend, while colleges finish in early May. Public school traditionally resumes near Labor Day, while higher institutions often resume in mid-August.
In England and Wales, school ends in mid-July and resumes again in early September. In Scotland, the summer holiday begins in late June and ends in mid-to late-August. Similarly, in Canada the summer holiday starts on the last or second-last Friday in June and ends in late August or on the first Tuesday of September, with the exception of when that date falls before Labour Day, in which case, ends on the second Tuesday of the month. In Russia the summer holiday begins at the end of May and ends on 31 August.
In the Southern Hemisphere, school summer holiday dates include the major holidays of Christmas and New Year's Day. School summer holidays in Australia, New Zealand and South Africa begin in early December and end in early February, with dates varying between states. In South Africa, the new school year usually starts during the second week of January, thus aligning the academic year with the Calendar year. In India, school ends in late April and resumes in early or mid-June. In Cameroon and Nigeria, schools usually finish for summer vacation in mid-July and resume in the later weeks of September or the first week of October.

Response: In Cameroon and Nigeria, schools usually finish for summer vacation in mid-July and resume in the later weeks of September or the first week of October.
Instruction: What is the GE Dash 8-32BWH

Context: The GE Dash 8-32BWH, also known as the P32-8BWH, B32-8WH, or P32-8, is a passenger train locomotive used by Amtrak, based on GE's Dash 8 series of freight train locomotives. Built in 1991, they were the first locomotives purchased to replace the EMD F40PH.

Response: The GE Dash 8-32BWH, also known as the P32-8BWH, B32-8WH, or P32-8, is a passenger train locomotive used by Amtrak, based on GE's Dash 8 series of freight train locomotives. Built in 1991, they were the first locomotives purchased to replace the EMD F40PH.
Instruction: Please tell me who Bishop Patrick MacMullan was and when he died.

Context: Bishop Patrick MacMullan (17 March 1752 – 25 October 1824) was an Irish Roman Catholic Prelate and 20th Bishop of Down and Connor.

He was a native of mid Down and details of his early life in the latter half of the eighteenth century are sketchy. It is believed he was ordained to the priesthood in 1775.

He received episcopal consecration on 2 September 1793, and the following year succeeded his distant cousin Hugh as Bishop of Down and Connor.

In 1814 he made a report to Rome on the state of his diocese (served by around 35 parish priests and a few curates) which although vague gives some indication of the state of the diocese.

He died on 25 October 1824 in the house of his nephew in Loughinisland and is buried at Loughinisland Graveyard.

A notice of his death, circulated in many Irish newspapers noted that "the Catholic Clergy of that diocese [Down and Connor] have been under the scriptural jurisdiction of this amiable Prelate for 31 years, during which he has presided over them with the politeness of a Gentleman, the abilities of a Theologian, and the meekness of a humble and exemplary Christian."

Response: Patrick MacMullan was an Irish Roman Catholic Bishop. He passed away on October 25th, 1824.
Instruction: Tell me which of the following are NBA teams: Knicks, Thunder, Kings, Lizards, Sparrows, Hawks, Warriors, Gladiators.


Response: Knicks, Thunder, Kings, Hawks, Warriors.
Instruction: Which national park is hardest to visit?


Response: Its hard to say which national park is the most difficult to visit. There are numerous locations across multiple geographies including Guam, American Samoa, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, The U.S Virgin Islands and the United States itself. Many national parks don't receive a lot of visitors because of their remote locations. Alaska contains many national parks that are hard to visit including: Kobuk Valley National Park, Katmai National Park and Preserve, And Gates of the Arctic. Gates of the Arctic National Park for example is the least visited overall park because its extremely remote and can only be reached by plane or on foot. Other National Parks like Isle Royale in Michigan or Dry Tortugas National Park in Florida are also hard to visit as they can only be reached by boat or seaplane and contain rugged terrain and sensitive reefs.
Instruction: What is the difference between coalesce and repartition when it comes to shuffle partitions in spark


Response: Coalesce essentially groups multiple partitions into a larger partitions. So use coalesce when you want to reduce the number of partitions (and also tasks) without impacting sort order.  Ex:- when you want to write-out a single CSV file output instead of multiple parts


Use repartition when you want to cause a shuffle that changes the number of partitions.  A common use-case for repartition is to remove skew in file sizes or to start out with a smaller/different number of partitions than the default in Spark
Instruction: Give me a list of the only two American cyclists to win the Tour de France general classification.


Response: Greg LaMond has won the Tour de France general classification three times. Lance Armstrong has won the Tour de France seven times, but had all of those victories stripped after admitting to using performance enhancing drugs.
Instruction: What does WHO refer to?


Response: WHO is an acronym for the World Health Organization.
Instruction: Given this paragraph about Dill Records, tell me when the group made CDs and who started the record label.

Context: Dill Records was a small punk rock/ska record label based out of Monte Sereno, California, that put out CDs/records from 1989-1998. The name is an allusion to initially the label's only band, Skankin' Pickle. The record label was started by Mike Park, a.k.a. Bruce Lee of Skankin' Pickle. The first other band with a release on Dill Records was the Tantra Monsters (Dill 006) in 1994. After the breakup of Skankin' Pickle, Mike Park continued releasing records, beginning the label Asian Man Records in 1996. Asian Man and Dill Records coexisted until 1998. Asian Man re-released many albums originally released by Dill Records, as all releases are now out of print and Dill Records is no longer in operation.

Response: Dill Records was started by Mike Park and made CDs from 1989 to 1998.
Instruction: What are the debt securities?


Response: Debt securities are financial assets that define the terms of a loan between an issuer (the borrower) and an investor (the lender). The terms of a debt security typically include the principal amount to be returned upon maturity of the loan, interest rate payments, and the maturity date or renewal date.
Instruction: Can I learn to ski as an adult?


Response: Yes. Alpine downhill skiing is a sport that can be learned at any age. While many learn to ski when they're young, there are lots of people that only started to ski at an older age. With the right motivation and a willingness to put time and effort, almost anyone can learn to ski. Also, advances to ski equipment and slope grooming technology make skiing a lot safer than it used to be years ago.

Learning to ski as an adult may take longer than learning as a child. It is recommended that you start with some lessons first to gain the right technique. This could be group lessons or private lessons. You could also learn from friends who know how to ski, or learn by watching online tutorials and applying them yourself on the mountain. Once you have the basic skills, you should be able to ski easy slopes and start enjoying skiing as a fun activity. 

In addition to lessons, you will also need the right gear to ski. This includes appropriate clothing that can keep you warm on the mountain while you ski, as well as ski equipment that you will use. It is recommended that you get a pair of skis and poles, good fitting boots, a helmet for safety, and goggles to protect your eyes from the elements. Renting your equipment is a good option when you're starting. That way you are not making an expensive commitment upfront. You could also buy your equipment either new or from any of the second-hand ski shops and ski swaps.
 
With the right gear and knowledge of the basics, you can take your learning in any direction you want. Many people choose to stay at a beginner or intermediate level and just enjoy the occasional ski trip with friends. While others take their passion forward with more practice, hours on the mountain, and likely more lessons to get to advanced levels.

Whichever path you pick, skiing can be a fun sport to learn and enjoy for the rest of your life. Have fun skiing. You got this!
Instruction: Given a reference text, who is the Ryder Cup named after?

Context: The Ryder Cup is a biennial men's golf competition between teams from Europe and the United States. The competition is contested every two years with the venue alternating between courses in the United States and Europe. The Ryder Cup is named after the English businessman Samuel Ryder who donated the trophy. The event is jointly administered by the PGA of America and Ryder Cup Europe, the latter a joint venture of the PGA European Tour (60%), the PGA of Great Britain and Ireland (20%), and the PGAs of Europe (20%).[1][2]

Originally contested between Great Britain and the United States, the first official Ryder Cup took place in the United States in 1927 at Worcester Country Club in Worcester, Massachusetts. The home team won the first five contests, but with the competition's resumption after the Second World War, repeated American dominance eventually led to a decision to extend the representation of "Great Britain and Ireland" to include continental Europe from 1979. The inclusion of continental European golfers was partly prompted by the success of a new generation of Spanish golfers, led by Seve Ballesteros and Antonio Garrido. In 1973 the official title of the British Team had been changed from "Great Britain" to "Great Britain and Ireland", but this was simply a change of name to reflect the fact that golfers from the Republic of Ireland had been playing in the Great Britain Ryder Cup team since 1953, while Northern Irish players had competed since 1947. In addition to players from Great Britain and Ireland, the European team has since included players from Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Spain and Sweden.

Response: The Ryder Cup is named after English businessman Samuel Ryder.
Instruction: what are some types of vandalism?

Context: Any change or edit that manipulates content in a way that deliberately compromises Wikipedia's integrity is considered vandalism. The most common and obvious types of vandalism include additions of obscenities and crude humor; it can also include advertising and other types of spam.[97] Sometimes editors commit vandalism by removing content or entirely blanking a given page. Less common types of vandalism, such as the deliberate addition of plausible but false information, can be more difficult to detect. Vandals can introduce irrelevant formatting, modify page semantics such as the page's title or categorization, manipulate the article's underlying code, or use images disruptively.

Response: Some types of vandalism are obscenities and crude humor, advertising, deliberate addition of plausible but false information, and irrelevant formatting.
Instruction: What makes airplanes fly?


Response: When an airplane engine starts, the propeller creates thrust and pulls the airplane forward.  As the airplane moves forward, more and more air moves over the wing.  The airplane wings are designed to be curved over the top and flat across the bottom.  As a result, the air molecules take longer to travel over the top of the wing than they do on the underside.  This creates a differential in air pressure between the top and bottom of the wing.  The difference in air pressure is called Lift.  As thrust increases and pulls the plane forward, the lift eventually increases enough to overcome the weight and drag and the airplane will take flight.
Instruction: Name four pork products I could expect to find in a delicatessen


Response: Name four pork products I could expect to find in a delicatessen
Instruction: Who is John Melo

Context: John Melo is a Filipino singer and songwriter. He won the 1993 Awit Awards for Best New Male Performance. After a long absence from the music scene, he returned in 2017 with his new song Malapit Na Ang Pasko. He is also a U.S Correspondent[1] and a sports news writer[2]

Response: John Melo is a Filipino singer and songwriter. He won the 1993 Awit Awards for Best New Male Performance. After a long absence from the music scene, he returned in 2017 with his new song Malapit Na Ang Pasko. He is also a U.S Correspondent and a sports news writer
Instruction: Tell me whether these are insects: ants, cicadas, flies, mosquitos, spiders, scorpions.


Response: ants, cicadas, flies and mosquitos are insects, spiders and scorpions are animals (a class of joint-legged invertebrate animals, i.e. arthropods).
Instruction: What are red wigglers?


Response: Their true name is eisenia fetida and is known as the most common compost worm. These worms are not found in the soil but rather live in the upper layers of organic matter.

The worms have gizzards like chickens. They are hermaphroditic which means they have move male and female sex organs. It takes two worms to produce a cocoon which could produce three worms each.

The worms produce vermicast (worm poop) which many organic famers use to add to their soil.
Instruction: When cooking pizza, classify each item as being "Useful" or "Not Useful": Tomato Sauce, Dough, Sun, Rain, Cheese, Oven, Shower


Response: Tomato Sauce: Useful
Dough: Useful
Sun: Not Useful
Rain: Not Useful
Cheese: Useful
Oven: Useful
Shower: Not Useful
Instruction: Tell me about the play Die Schutzbefohlenen

Context: Die Schutzbefohlenen (translated as "Charges (The Supplicants)"[note 1]),[1] is a play by Elfriede Jelinek written in 2013. She termed it a Sprachkunstwerk, a language artwork. It deals critically with the politics at the time concerning refugees. The play was first read in Hamburg on 21 September 2013. The first scenic production was in Mannheim on 23 May 2014. The first production in Austria was staged at the Burgtheater in Vienna on 28 March 2015, which was recognised internationally. Later that year, Jelinek expanded the text to reflect the changed political situation.

Response: Die Schutzbefohlenen, translated as the supplicants is a play by Elfriede Jelinek written in 2013. She termed it a Sprachkunstwerk, a language artwork. It deals critically with the politics at the time concerning refugees. The play was first read in Hamburg on 21 September 2013. The first scenic production was in Mannheim on 23 May 2014. 

The first production in Austria was staged at the Burgtheater in Vienna on 28 March 2015, which was recognised internationally. Later that year, Jelinek expanded the text to reflect the changed political situation.
Instruction: What parts are there in an academic dress? Extract them and place them in a numbered list.

Context: Academic dress is a traditional form of clothing for academic settings, mainly tertiary (and sometimes secondary) education, worn mainly by those who have obtained a university degree (or similar), or hold a status that entitles them to assume them (e.g., undergraduate students at certain old universities).[1] It is also known as academical dress,[2] academicals, and, in the United States, as academic regalia.

Contemporarily, it is commonly seen only at graduation ceremonies, but formerly academic dress was, and to a lesser degree in many ancient universities still is, worn daily. Today, the ensembles are distinctive in some way to each institution, and generally consist of a gown (also known as a robe) with a separate hood, and usually a cap (generally either a square academic cap, a tam, or a bonnet). Academic dress is also worn by members of certain learned societies and institutions as official dress.[3][4]

Response: 1. Gown
2. Hood
3. Cap
Instruction: What media outlets did Dean Dill appear in? Please format this as a bulleted list, and include the date in the format "{Media Outlet} ({Date})" on each line

Context: Dean Dill (born 8 March 1947) was a magician and effects designer who lived and worked in Glendale, California, USA. He appeared on The Tonight Show in November 1990. His performance focused mostly on closeup effects and coin magic. He created effects, including "Dean's Box," "Blizzard", and "A New World" (created with magic innovator Michael Weber).

He appeared on the cover of the October 2003 edition of The Linking Ring magazine. Dill died on 7 February 2015.

Response: Sure, here are the media outlets Dean Dill appeared in:
- The Tonight Show (November 1990)
- The Linking Ring (October 2003)
Instruction: What are the new 7 Wonders of Nature:


Response: Here are the new 7 Wonders of Nature:

- Iguazu Falls, on the border of the Argentine province of Misiones and the Brazilian state of Paraná
- Hạ Long Bay, in Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam
- Jeju Island, in the Jeju Province of South Korea
- Puerto Princesa Underground River, in Palawan, Philippines
- Table Mountain, overlooking the city of Cape Town, South Africa
- Komodo Island, one of the 17,508 islands that comprise the Republic of Indonesia
- Amazon rainforest, located in Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana
Instruction: What age is considered legal adulthood in much of the western world?


Response: 18 years is typically when one is legally an adult
Instruction: What product do the Girl Scouts sell?


Response: Girl Scouts sell cookies
Instruction: Tell me about the first commercial winery in California.


Response: The first commercial winery in California was founded in 1857 by Hungarian-American Agoston Haraszthy who is referred to as the "Father of California Wine" (this moniker also is applied to Spanish Jesuit missionary, Father Junípero Serra). 

Haraszthy opened Buena Vista Winery in Sonoma. By 1859, the winery was producing two million gallons of wine a year and one of its most popular products was sparkling wine. 

The winery faced numerous troubles over the years, such as bankruptcy, a devastating infestation of Grape phylloxera, and Prohibition. The winery was acquired at auction and original vines replanted and reopened in the 1940s. In 1984, the winery estate expanded an additional 1,000 acres after it was purchased by a West German company. The winery continued to change hands and is now under the ownership of Jean-Charles Boisset, who operates over two dozen wineries under his wine group, Boisset Collection. 

The winery still sits on its original location and has been added to the US National Register of Historic Places and the list of California Historical Landmarks.
Instruction: Which English football team have held the FA cup the longest?

Context: Portsmouth have the distinction of being the football club which has held the FA Cup trophy for the longest uninterrupted period - seven years. Portsmouth had defeated Wolverhampton Wanderers 4–1 in the 1939 FA Cup Final and were awarded the trophy as 1938–39 FA Cup winners. But with the outbreak of World War II in September 1939, the regular Football League and FA Cup competitions for the 1939–40 season were cancelled for the duration of the war. Portsmouth's manager Jack Tinn was rumoured to have kept the FA Cup trophy 'safe under his bed' throughout the duration of the war, but this is an urban myth. Because the naval city of Portsmouth was a primary strategic military target for German Luftwaffe bombing, the FA Cup trophy was actually taken ten miles to the north of Portsmouth, to the nearby Hampshire village of Lovedean, and there it resided in a quaint thatched roof country pub called The Bird in Hand for the seven years of the war.[48] After the conclusion of World War II, the FA Cup trophy was presented back to the Football Association by the club in time for the 1946 FA Cup Final.

Response: Portsmouth FC
Instruction: What is the relationship between interest rates and the economy?


Response: Central banks typically adjust interest rates as a way to influence inflation and economic growth. When a country is experiencing high rates of inflation, its central bank will typically increase the interest rate which will increase the cost of credit and therefore reduce economic demand and consumption. Reduced demand will lead to reduced prices and less inflation. When a country is experiencing deflation, the central bank will typically decrease interest rates to reduce cost of credit and increase consumption. Central banks must be careful with interest rates. High interest rates for a sustained period of time can lead to a recession. Whereas, low interest rates for a sustained period of time can lead to hyperinflation and an overheated economy.
Instruction: Give me an idea of a simple yet unique Mocktail made up of Mango


Response: Here is a Mocktail named "Mango Mule". All you need is a 4-5 slices of cucumber, some simple syrup, 50gm of mango puree, 50gm of fresh lime juice, small can of ginger beer (non-alcoholic), and some mint, and lime for extra garnishing touch. It is quite easy to make this Mocktail. Mix cucumber slices and simple syrup in cocktail shaker, followed by addition of mango puree and lime juice and crushed ice. Pour it into a glass and add the ginger beer with a final good old stir. Garnish it as per your needs.