Model: anasse15/MNLP_M3_document_encoder
Author: anasse15
Pipeline: sentence-similarity
Library: sentence-transformers
Tags: sentence-transformers, safetensors, modernbert, sentence-similarity, feature-extraction, generated_from_trainer, dataset_size:12689, loss:TripletLossWithLogging, arxiv:1908.10084, arxiv:1703.07737, base_model:Alibaba-NLP/gte-modernbert-base, base_model:finetune:Alibaba-NLP/gte-modernbert-base, model-index, text-embeddings-inference, endpoints_compatible, region:us
Base models (finetune): id: Alibaba-NLP/gte-modernbert-base
Card metadata: tags: sentence-transformers, sentence-similarity, feature-extraction, generated_from_trainer, dataset_size:12689, loss:TripletLossWithLogging
base_model: Alibaba-NLP/gte-modernbert-base
widget: source_sentence: Which of the following statements is true regarding the properties of zinc-activated ion channels and quaternary carbon atoms?
A. Quaternary carbon atoms are primarily involved in the activation of zinc-activated ion channels.
B. Both zinc-activated ion channels and quaternary carbon atoms are unique to the rat genome.
C. Zinc-activated ion channels are cation-permeable and can activate spontaneously, while quaternary carbon atoms are found in hydrocarbons with at least five carbon atoms.
D. Zinc-activated ion channels are exclusively found in the human genome, while quaternary carbon atoms can only exist in linear alkanes.
sentences: A quaternary carbon is a carbon atom bound to four other carbon atoms. For this reason, quaternary carbon atoms are found only in hydrocarbons having at least five carbon atoms. Quaternary carbon atoms can occur in branched alkanes, but not in linear alkanes.

Synthesis 
The formation of chiral quaternary carbon centers has been a synthetic challenge. Chemists have developed asymmetric Diels–Alder reactions, Heck reaction, Enyne cyclization, cycloaddition reactions, C–H activation, Allylic substitution,  Pauson–Khand reaction,  etc. to construct asymmetric quaternary carbons.

References 

Chemical nomenclature
Organic chemistry, Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by Dabie bandavirus also known as the SFTS virus, first reported between late March and mid-July 2009 in rural areas of Hubei and Henan provinces in Central China. SFTS has fatality rates ranging from 12% to as high as 30% in some areas. The major clinical symptoms of SFTS are fever, vomiting, diarrhea, multiple organ failure, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), leucopenia (low white blood cell count), and elevated liver enzyme levels.

Virology
SFTS virus (SFTSV) is a virus in the order Bunyavirales. Person-to-person transmission was not noted in early reports but has since been documented.

The life cycle of the SFTSV most likely involves arthropod vectors and animal hosts. Humans appear to be largely accidental hosts. SFTSV has been detected in Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks.

Epidemiology
SFTS occurs in China's rural areas from March to November with the majority of cases from April to July. In 2013, Japan and Korea also reported several cases with deaths.

In July 2013, South Korea reported a total of eight deaths since August 2012.

In July 2017, Japanese doctors reported that a woman had died of SFTS after being bitten by a cat that may have itself infected by a tick. The woman had no visible tick bites, leading doctors to believe that the cat — which died as well — was the transmission vector.

In early 2020 an outbreak occurred in East China, more than 37 people were found with SFTS in Jiangsu province, while 23 more were found infected in Anhui province in August 2020. Seven people have died.

Evolution
The virus originated 50–150 years ago and has undergone a recent population expansion.

History
In 2009 Xue-jie Yu and colleagues isolated the SFTS virus (SFTSV) from SFTS patients’ blood.

References

External links 

Arthropod-borne viral fevers and viral haemorrhagic fevers
Insect-borne diseases
Zoonoses, Lecticans, also known as hyalectans, are a family of proteoglycans (a type protein that is attached to chains of negatively charged polysaccharides) that are components of the extracellular matrix.  There are four members of the lectican family: aggrecan, brevican, neurocan, and versican.  Lecticans interact with hyaluronic acid and tenascin-R to form a ternary complex.

Tissue distribution 

Aggrecan is a major component of extracellular matrix in cartilage whereas versican is widely expressed in a number of connective tissues including those in vascular smooth muscle, skin epithelial cells, and the cells of central and peripheral nervous system. The expression of neurocan and brevican is largely restricted to neural tissues.

Structure 

All four lecticans contain an N-terminal globular domain (G1 domain) that in turn contains an immunoglobulin V-set domain and a Link domain that binds hyaluronic acid; a long extended central domain (CS) that is modified with covalently attached sulfated glycosaminoglycan chains, and a C-terminal globular domain (G3 domain) containing of one or more EGF repeats, a C-type lectin domain and a CRP-like domain. Aggrecan has in addition a globular domain (G2 domain) that is situated between the G1 and CS domains.

See also 
Hyaladherin

References 

Protein families, source_sentence: What is the primary physiological process that causes the corpora cavernosa to become engorged with blood during an erection?
A. Tumescence
B. Hyperemia
C. Contraction
D. Vasodilation
sentences: Leukotriene D4 (LTD4) is one of the leukotrienes. Its main function in the body is to induce the contraction of smooth muscle, resulting in bronchoconstriction and vasoconstriction. It also increases vascular permeability. LTD4 is released by basophils. Other leukotrienes that function in a similar manner are leukotrienes C4 and E4. Pharmacological agents that inhibit the function of these leukotrienes are leukotriene receptor antagonists (e.g. Zafirlukast, montelukast) and are useful for asthmatic individuals.

References

Eicosanoids, The Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ45 (a.k.a. DMC-FZ40 in North American markets) is a superzoom bridge digital camera, replacing the similar Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ38 and earlier Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ28. The Panasonic Lumix DMC-FZ40/FZ45 superzoom slots in where the FZ38/35 left off, featuring the same 25-600mm equiv. lens as the FZ100, but with a 14.1MP CCD sensor and simpler 230K dot 3.0 inch fixed LCD (as opposed to the FZ100's CMOS sensor and high-res screen). The FZ40 also offers AVCHD Lite 720p HD video recording, manual shooting modes and the company’s Sonic Speed auto-focus system that offers the industry's fastest focus times.

External links 
Specs on panasonic.it
Information regarding DMC-FZ45: https://www.dpreview.com/products/panasonic/compacts/panasonic_dmcfz40

Bridge digital cameras
Superzoom cameras
FZ45, Erectile tissue is tissue in the body with numerous vascular spaces, or cavernous tissue, that may become engorged with blood. However, tissue that is devoid of or otherwise lacking erectile tissue (such as the labia minora, the vestibule/vagina and the urethra) may also be described as engorging with blood, often with regard to sexual arousal.

In the clitoris and penis

Erectile tissue exists in places such as the corpora cavernosa of the penis, and in the clitoris or in the bulbs of vestibule. During erection, the corpora cavernosa will become engorged with arterial blood, a process called tumescence. This may result from any of various physiological stimuli, also known as sexual arousal. The corpus spongiosum is a single tubular structure located just below the corpora cavernosa. This may also become slightly engorged with blood, but less so than the corpora cavernosa.

Other types
Erectile tissue is also found in the nose (turbinates), ear, urethral sponge and perineal sponge. The erection of nipples is not due to erectile tissue, but rather due to the contraction of smooth muscle under the control of the autonomic nervous system.

References

Sexual anatomy

ru:Пещеристое тело, source_sentence: What is the primary function of the supratrochlear nerve?
A. Sensory innervation to the lower jaw
B. Motor function to the muscles of facial expression
C. Motor innervation to the superior oblique muscle
D. Sensory innervation to the skin of the forehead and upper eyelid
sentences: A lung counter is a system consisting of a radiation detector, or detectors, and associated electronics that is used to measure radiation emitted from radioactive material that has been inhaled by a person and is sufficiently insoluble as to remain in the lung for weeks, months, or years.

Often, such a system is housed in a low background counting chamber whose thick walls will be made of low-background steel (~20 cm thick) and will be lined with ~1 cm of lead, then perhaps thin layers of cadmium, or tin, with a final layer of copper.  The purpose of the lead, cadmium (or tin), and copper is to reduce the background in the low energy region of a gamma spectrum (typically less than 200 keV)

Calibration 
As a lung counter is primarily measuring radioactive materials that emit low energy gamma rays or x-rays, the phantom used to calibrate the system must be anthropometric. An example of such a phantom is the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Torso Phantom.

See also 
 Bomab

Medical equipment
Radiobiology, The supratrochlear nerve is a branch of the frontal nerve, itself a branch of the ophthalmic nerve (CN V1) from the trigeminal nerve (CN V). It provides sensory innervation to the skin of the forehead and the upper eyelid.

Structure 
The supratrochlear nerve is a branch of the frontal nerve, itself a branch of the ophthalmic nerve (CN V1) from the trigeminal nerve (CN V). It is smaller than the supraorbital nerve from the frontal nerve. It branches midway between the base and apex of the orbit. It passes above the trochlea of the superior oblique muscle. It then travels anteriorly above the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. It exits the orbit through the frontal notch in the superomedial margin of the orbit. It then ascends onto the forehead beneath the corrugator supercilii muscle and frontalis muscle. It then divides into sensory branches.

The supratrochlear nerve travels with the supratrochlear artery, a branch of the ophthalmic artery.

Function 
The supratrochlear nerve provides sensory innervation to the skin of the lateral lower forehead, upper eyelid, and the conjunctiva. It may also supply sensation to the periosteum of part of the frontal bone of the skull.

Clinical significance 
The supratrochlear nerve may be anaesthetised for surgery of parts of the scalp. This can be used for small lesions of the scalp. It can also be used for more extensive injury to the scalp. It is often anaesthetised alongside the supraorbital artery.

Etymology 
The supratrochlear nerve is named for its passage above the trochlea of the superior oblique muscle.

Additional images

References

External links 
 
 
  ()
  ()
 http://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/figures/chapter_47/47-2.HTM

Ophthalmic nerve, A Y-SNP is a single-nucleotide polymorphism on the Y chromosome. Y-SNPs are often used in paternal genealogical DNA testing.

SNP markers

A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a change to a single nucleotide in a DNA sequence. The relative mutation rate for an SNP is extremely low. This makes them ideal for marking the history of the human genetic tree. SNPs are named with a letter code and a number. The letter indicates the lab or research team that discovered the SNP. The number indicates the order in which it was discovered. For example M173 is the 173rd SNP documented by the Human Population Genetics Laboratory at Stanford University, which uses the letter M.

See also 
Mt-SNP
Short tandem repeat
Haplogroup
Haplotype
Genealogical DNA test

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms, source_sentence: What is the primary function of the enzyme encoded by the GCNT2 gene in humans?
A. Synthesis of hemoglobin
B. Formation of the blood group I antigen
C. Conversion of glucose to glycogen
D. Degradation of fatty acids
sentences: N-acetyllactosaminide beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GCNT2 gene.

This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for formation of the blood group I antigen. The i and I antigens are distinguished by linear and branched poly-N-acetyllactosaminoglycans, respectively. The encoded protein is the I-branching enzyme, a beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase responsible for the conversion of fetal i antigen to adult I antigen in erythrocytes during embryonic development. Mutations in this gene have been associated with adult i blood group phenotype. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.

References

Further reading, Telapristone (), as telapristone acetate (proposed brand names Proellex, Progenta; former code name CDB-4124), is a synthetic, steroidal selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM) related to mifepristone which is under development by Repros Therapeutics for the treatment of breast cancer, endometriosis, and uterine fibroids. It was originally developed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and, as of 2017, is in phase II clinical trials for the aforementioned indications. In addition to its activity as an SPRM, the drug also has some antiglucocorticoid activity.

See also
 List of investigational sex-hormonal agents § Progestogenics
 Aglepristone
 Lilopristone
 Onapristone
 Toripristone

References

External links
 Telapristone - AdisInsight

Acetate esters
Dimethylamino compounds
Antiglucocorticoids
Estranes
Ketones
Selective progesterone receptor modulators, Eclipse chasing is the pursuit of observing solar eclipses when they occur around the Earth. Solar eclipses must occur at least twice and as often as five times a year across the Earth. Total eclipses may occur multiple times every few years.

A person who chases eclipses is known as a umbraphile, meaning shadow lover. Umbraphiles often travel for eclipses and use various tools to help view the sun including solar viewers also known as eclipse glasses, as well as telescopes.

As of 2017, three New Yorkers, Glenn Schneider, Jay Pasachoff, and John Beattie have each seen 33 total solar eclipses, the current record. Donald Liebenberg, professor of astronomy at Clemson University in South Carolina has seen 26 traveling to Turkey, Zambia, China, the Cook Islands and others.

History

In the 19th century, Mabel Loomis Todd, an American editor and writer, and her husband David Peck Todd, a professor of astronomy at Amherst College, traveled around the world to view solar eclipses. During the solar eclipse of June 30, 1973, Donald Liebenberg and a group of eclipse experts observed the eclipse on board the Concorde and experienced 74 minutes of totality.

See also
 Solar eclipse
 Weather spotting
 Storm chasing

References

Observation hobbies
2010s fads and trends, source_sentence: What is the primary role of davemaoite in Earth's lower mantle?
A. It is the most abundant mineral in the crust.
B. It acts as a catalyst for mineral formation.
C. It serves as a primary source of diamonds.
D. It contributes to heat flow through radioactive decay.
sentences: McKusick–Kaufman/Bardet–Biedl syndromes putative chaperonin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MKKS gene.

This gene encodes a protein with sequence similarity to the chaperonin family. The encoded protein may have a role in protein processing in limb, cardiac and reproductive system development. Mutations in this gene have been observed in patients with Bardet–Biedl syndrome type 6 and McKusick–Kaufman syndrome. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified for this gene.

References

External links
 GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Bardet–Biedl syndrome
 GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on McKusick–Kaufman syndrome

Further reading, Davemaoite  is  a high-pressure calcium silicate perovskite (CaSiO3) mineral with a distinctive cubic crystal structure. It is named after geophysicist Ho-kwang (Dave) Mao, who pioneered in many discoveries in high-pressure geochemistry and geophysics.  

It is one of three main minerals in Earth’s lower mantle, making up around 5–7% of the material there. Significantly, davemaoite can host uranium and thorium, radioactive isotopes which produce heat through radioactive decay and contribute greatly to heating within this region giving the material a major role in how heat flows deep below the earth's surface.

Davemaoite has been artificially synthesized in the laboratory, but was thought to be too extreme to exist in the Earth's crust. Then in 2021, the mineral was discovered as specks within a diamond that formed between 660 and 900 km beneath the Earth's surface, within the mantle. The diamond had been extracted from the Orapa diamond mine in Botswana. The discovery was made  by focusing a high-energy beam of X-rays on precise spots within the diamond  using a technique known as synchrotron X-ray diffraction. 

Calcium silicate is found in other forms, such as wollastonite in the crust and breyite in the middle and lower regions of the mantle. However, this version can exist only at very high pressure of around 200,000 times that found at Earth’s surface.

See also

 Perovskite (structure)
List of minerals

References 

Perovskites
Calcium minerals, In molecular biology, the calcipressin family of proteins negatively regulate calcineurin by direct binding. They are essential for the survival of T helper type 1 cells. Calcipressin 1 is a phosphoprotein that increases its capacity to inhibit calcineurin when phosphorylated at the conserved FLISPP motif; this phosphorylation also controls the half-life of calcipressin 1 by accelerating its degradation.

In humans, the Calcipressins family of proteins is derived from three genes. Calcipressin 1 is also known as modulatory calcineurin-interacting protein 1 (MCIP1), Adapt78 and Down syndrome critical region 1 (DSCR1). Calcipressin 2 is variously known as MCIP2, ZAKI-4 and DSCR1-like 1. Calcipressin 3 is also called MCIP3 and DSCR1-like 2.

References

Protein families
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
library_name: sentence-transformers
metrics: cosine_accuracy
model-index: name: SentenceTransformer based on Alibaba-NLP/gte-modernbert-base
results: task: type: triplet
name: Triplet
dataset: name: validation
type: validation
metrics: type: cosine_accuracy
value: 1
name: Cosine Accuracy
verified: no
Likes: 0 | All-time downloads: 11
Created: 2025-06-10 19:46:09