Model: along26/distilroberta-base-manglish-sentence-transformer
Author: along26
Pipeline: sentence-similarity
Library: sentence-transformers
Tags: sentence-transformers, safetensors, bert, sentence-similarity, feature-extraction, dense, generated_from_trainer, dataset_size:454078, loss:TripletLoss, dataset_size:424311, arxiv:1908.10084, arxiv:1703.07737, base_model:sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2, base_model:finetune:sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2, text-embeddings-inference, endpoints_compatible, region:us
Base models (finetune): id: sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2
Card metadata: tags: sentence-transformers, sentence-similarity, feature-extraction, dense, generated_from_trainer, dataset_size:454078, loss:TripletLoss, dataset_size:424311
base_model: sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2
widget: source_sentence: Malaysia has a significant problem with protecting its natural resources and biodiversity, with deforestation, illegal logging, and wildlife trafficking still prevalent in the country. Although I cannot access real-time data, I can provide you with some statistics from recent years to illustrate the severity of the issue.

Deforestation and Illegal Logging:

1. According to Global Forest Watch, Malaysia had a total forest loss of 471,000 hectares between 2010 and 2019.
2. A study published in the journal Current Biology in 2018 estimated that only 17% of Malaysia's original forests remain.
3. In 2019, the Malaysian Timber Certification Council reported that only 2.4 million hectares of forests in Malaysia were certified as sustainably managed, out of a total of 18.8 million hectares of forests in the country.
4. According to a report by the Environmental Investigation Agency, between 2013 and 2015, Malaysia was the largest importer of illegal timber in the world.

Wildlife Trafficking:

1. According to the wildlife trade monitoring network TRAFFIC, Malaysia is a major hub for the illegal wildlife trade in Southeast Asia.
2. In 2019, the Malaysian customs department seized 2,645 pangolins and 815 kilograms of pangolin scales, which is a significant decrease from the 30,500 pangolins seized in 2017.
3. In 2020, the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) reported that Malaysia is one of the top 10 countries with the highest number of ivory seizures, with a total of 6.6 tons seized between 2011 and 2019.

Reasons for these issues include:

1. Weak law enforcement: There have been numerous reports of corruption and inaction from law enforcement agencies in Malaysia, making it easy for illegal activities to continue.
2. Demand for natural resources: The demand for timber, palm oil, and other natural resources drives deforestation and illegal logging. Additionally, there is a high demand for wildlife products such as pangolin scales, ivory, and tiger parts, which contributes to the illegal wildlife trade.
3. Rapid development and urbanization: Rapid development and urbanization in Malaysia have led to the destruction of natural habitats, pushing wildlife closer to human populations and increasing human-wildlife conflict.
4. Lack of awareness and education: There is a lack of awareness and education about the importance of protecting natural resources and biodiversity in Malaysia, particularly in rural areas.

To address these issues, the Malaysian government and civil society organizations have taken some measures, including:

1. Strengthening law enforcement: The Malaysian government has pledged to strengthen law enforcement and increase penalties for illegal activities related to natural resources and wildlife.
2. Increasing awareness and education: Civil society organizations have been working to increase awareness and education about the importance of protecting natural resources and biodlife.
3. Promoting sustainable development: The Malaysian government has pledged to promote sustainable development and responsible resource management to reduce deforestation and illegal logging.
4. Collaborating with neighboring countries: Malaysia has been working with neighboring countries to combat wildlife trafficking and illegal logging.

While these measures are a positive step towards protecting Malaysia's natural resources and biodiversity, more needs to be done to address these critical issues.
sentences: M, Malaysia continues to face environmental challenges due to a variety of factors, including rapid economic development, urbanization, and weak enforcement of environmental regulations.

Air Pollution:
Air pollution is a significant environmental challenge in Malaysia. According to the World Air Quality Index, as of March 2023, several cities in Malaysia, including Kuala Lumpur, ranked among the top 100 most polluted cities in the world. The major sources of air pollution in Malaysia include industrial activities, vehicle emissions, and open burning.

Deforestation:
Deforestation is another major environmental challenge in Malaysia. The country has one of the highest deforestation rates in the world. According to the University of Maryland's Global Forest Watch, Malaysia lost 1.3 million hectares of tree cover from 2001 to 2019, equivalent to a 12.6% decrease in forest area. The primary drivers of deforestation in Malaysia are the expansion of oil palm plantations, logging, and conversion of forests for other agricultural uses.

Wildlife Trafficking:
Wildlife trafficking is a significant problem in Malaysia, with the country being a major transit point for illegal wildlife trade in the region. According to a report by TRAFFIC, a wildlife trade monitoring network, Malaysia was among the top ten countries in the world for seizures of wildlife smuggled by air in 2019. Endangered species such as pangolins, tigers, and elephants are often targeted by wildlife traffickers.

The reasons for these environmental challenges include weak law enforcement, corruption, and a lack of public awareness about the importance of environmental protection. To address these challenges, the Malaysian government has implemented various measures, such as introducing stricter penalties for environmental crimes, promoting sustainable development, and increasing public education on environmental issues. However, more needs to be done to ensure that these measures are effectively implemented and enforced., B, source_sentence: Suppose there is a city with 6 neighborhoods and the distance between each pair of neighborhoods is given in the table below. Find the minimum spanning tree of the city to determine the shortest possible network of roads that connect all the neighborhoods.

|    | N1 | N2 | N3 | N4 | N5 | N6 |
|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|
| N1 | 0  | 8  | 3  | 5  | 12 | 10 |
| N2 | 8  | 0  | 7  | 6  | 5  | 11 |
| N3 | 3  | 7  | 0  | 5  | 5  | 13 |
| N4 | 5  | 6  | 5  | 0  | 3  | 8  |
| N5 | 12 | 5  | 5  | 3  | 0  | 4  |
| N6 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 8  | 4  | 0  |
sentences: W, E, To find the minimum cost required to connect all the power stations to all the cities in the area, we can use the Hungarian Algorithm. The Hungarian Algorithm is used to find the minimum cost in an assignment problem, such as this one.

First, we need to find the minimum value in each row and subtract it from each element in that row:

\begin{bmatrix}
0&5&2&4\\
3&0&4&7\\
3&3&4&0\\
\end{bmatrix}

Next, we find the minimum value in each column and subtract it from each element in that column:

\begin{bmatrix}
0&2&0&1\\
3&0&2&4\\
0&1&2&0\\
\end{bmatrix}

Now, we need to find the minimum number of lines to cover all the zeros in the matrix. In this case, we can cover all the zeros with 3 lines:

- Horizontal line through the first row
- Vertical line through the second column
- Horizontal line through the third row

Since the number of lines (3) is equal to the number of power stations, we can proceed to find the minimum cost assignment.

The minimum cost assignment is as follows:

- Power station A (1) connects to city 1 with a cost of 2
- Power station B (2) connects to city 2 with a cost of 1
- Power station C (3) connects to city 5 with a cost of 2

The minimum cost required to connect all the power stations to all the cities in the area is 2 + 1 + 2 = 5., source_sentence: Pada 2018, bekas Perdana Menteri Malaysia Najib Razak didakwa atas pelbagai pertuduhan rasuah, pengubahan wang haram, dan salah guna kuasa, terutamanya berkaitan skandal 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB). Sistem perundangan dan mahkamah Malaysia telah berurusan secara aktif dengan dakwaan ini sejak itu. Berikut ialah ringkasan peristiwa utama dan implikasinya terhadap politik Malaysia:

1. Tuduhan dan perbicaraan: Najib Razak telah didakwa dengan 42 kesalahan, termasuk pecah amanah jenayah, pengubahan wang haram, dan salah guna kuasa. Perbicaraannya bermula pada April 2019, dan setakat Februari 2023, dia telah disabitkan dengan tujuh pertuduhan dan dibebaskan ke atas tujuh yang lain. Baki kes masih berterusan.
2. Prosiding undang-undang: Pasukan pembelaan Najib telah berhujah bahawa pertuduhan terhadapnya bermotifkan politik dan dia adalah mangsa konspirasi. Walau bagaimanapun, pihak pendakwaan telah mengemukakan bukti yang besar, termasuk rekod kewangan dan keterangan saksi, untuk menyokong dakwaan itu. Mahkamah Malaysia secara amnya rajin meneliti bukti dan mendengar hujah dari kedua-dua pihak.
3. Keputusan mahkamah: Najib Razak didapati bersalah atas tujuh pertuduhan berkaitan skandal 1MDB pada Julai 2020 dan dijatuhi hukuman penjara 12 tahun dan didenda RM210 juta (kira-kira USD $50 juta). Keputusan itu menandakan peristiwa penting dalam memerangi rasuah di Malaysia dan menunjukkan kebebasan badan kehakiman.
4. Implikasi untuk politik Malaysia: Perbicaraan dan sabitan Najib Razak mempunyai implikasi mendalam terhadap politik Malaysia. Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu (UMNO), parti politik yang pernah dipimpin Najib, telah dilemahkan, dan landskap politik telah menjadi lebih kompetitif. Gabungan reformis Pakatan Harapan (PH), yang berkuasa dalam pilihan raya umum 2018, telah menghadapi cabaran dalam mentadbir negara, tetapi pendakwaan Najib Razak dan pegawai tinggi lain telah dilihat sebagai tanda kemajuan dalam menangani rasuah.
5. Dinamik politik yang berterusan: Keyakinan Najib Razak dan sekutunya tidak membawa kepada perubahan ketara dalam dinamik kuasa, kerana UMNO dan sekutunya kekal sebagai kuasa yang menggerunkan dalam politik Malaysia. Gabungan PH sejak itu telah berpecah, dan gabungan pemerintah baharu, Perikatan Nasional (PN), yang diketuai oleh Perdana Menteri Muhyiddin Yassin, telah mengambil alih. Namun begitu, pendakwaan Najib Razak telah menetapkan preseden untuk akauntabiliti dan kedaulatan undang-undang di Malaysia.

Kesimpulannya, sistem perundangan dan mahkamah Malaysia telah menangani dakwaan rasuah terhadap Najib Razak melalui beberapa siri perbicaraan dan sabitan. Implikasi terhadap politik Malaysia adalah penting, dengan pendakwaan Najib Razak dan pegawai tinggi lain menandakan peristiwa penting dalam memerangi rasuah. Walau bagaimanapun, landskap politik kekal kompetitif dan berpecah-belah, dengan UMNO dan sekutunya masih memainkan peranan penting dalam membentuk masa depan politik negara.
sentences: W, Sistem mahkamah Malaysia telah memainkan peranan penting dalam mempertanggungjawabkan bekas Perdana Menteri Najib Razak atas dakwaan penglibatannya dalam skandal rasuah 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB). Pada 2018, Najib didakwa dengan beberapa pertuduhan pecah amanah jenayah, salah guna kuasa, dan pengubahan wang haram yang berkaitan dengan penyelewengan lebih $4.5 bilion daripada 1MDB.

Sistem mahkamah Malaysia telah memainkan peranan penting dalam bergerak ke hadapan dengan pendakwaan Najib, walaupun tekanan politik dan percubaan untuk menghalang keadilan. Mahkamah telah bertanggungjawab untuk mendengar bukti, menyemak kes pendakwaan, dan membuat keputusan mengenai kesalahan atau tidak bersalah Najib. Pada 2020, Mahkamah Tinggi mendapati Najib bersalah atas tujuh pertuduhan rasuah dan pengubahan wang haram, menjatuhkan hukuman penjara 12 tahun dan menjatuhkan hukuman RM210 juta (kira-kira $50 juta).

Walau bagaimanapun, beberapa pengkritik telah menimbulkan kebimbangan tentang keadilan proses undang-undang dalam kes Najib. Mereka berhujah bahawa badan kehakiman mungkin tidak bebas sepenuhnya daripada pengaruh politik, terutamanya dalam kes berprofil tinggi seperti ini. Ada yang menunjukkan masa perbicaraan, yang bertepatan dengan pilihan raya umum pada 2018, sebagai bukti motivasi politik. Selain itu, beberapa pemerhati telah menyatakan bahawa kes pendakwaan sangat bergantung kepada keterangan bekas pekerja 1MDB yang diberikan imuniti sebagai pertukaran untuk kerjasamanya, yang telah menimbulkan persoalan tentang kredibiliti bukti.

Tambahan pula, terdapat dakwaan pendakwaan terpilih, dengan ada yang berpendapat bahawa pegawai tinggi dan ahli politik lain yang turut terlibat dalam skandal 1MDB tidak bertanggungjawab sama seperti Najib. Pengkritik telah menunjukkan kekurangan pertuduhan terhadap bekas gabenor Bank Negara Malaysia Zeti Akhtar Aziz dan bekas pengerusi 1MDB Mohd Hazem Abdul Rahman sebagai bukti penguatkuasaan keadilan terpilih ini.

Walaupun terdapat kebimbangan ini, pengendalian sistem mahkamah Malaysia terhadap kes Najib mewakili satu langkah penting ke hadapan dalam perjuangan negara menentang rasuah. Sabitan dan hukuman terhadap bekas perdana menteri atas tuduhan rasuah adalah kejadian yang jarang berlaku di banyak negara, dan ia telah menghantar mesej yang kuat bahawa tiada siapa yang melebihi undang-undang. Walau bagaimanapun, adalah penting untuk memastikan proses undang-undang kekal adil dan telus, dan semua yang terlibat dalam skandal 1MDB bertanggungjawab terhadap piawaian keadilan yang sama., P, source_sentence: Najib Razak's fall from power in May 2018, after his shock election defeat, had significant consequences for the United Malays National Organization (UMNO) and the larger coalition of Barisan Nasional (BN). UMNO, the dominant party in BN, was in power for over 60 years before the election, and Najib's downfall marked the end of its long reign.

Here are some of the main ways in which Najib Razak's fall from power affected UMNO and BN:

1. Loss of Power: UMNO and BN suffered a humiliating defeat in the 2018 general election, losing the majority of the seats they had held for decades. The election marked the first time since Malaysia's independence in 1957 that UMNO was not part of the ruling coalition.
2. Leadership Crisis: Najib's fall from power led to a leadership crisis within UMNO, with several leaders jockeying for position to take over the party's leadership. In the end, Ahmad Zahid Hamidi, who had served as deputy prime minister under Najib, emerged as the new UMNO president.
3. Internal Divisions: Najib's ouster also exposed deep internal divisions within UMNO, with some members blaming the party's electoral defeat on Najib's corruption scandals and leadership style. This has led to a significant weakening of the party's unity and cohesiveness.
4. Legal Problems: Najib's fall from power has also led to numerous legal problems for him and UMNO. Najib is currently facing multiple charges of corruption, abuse of power, and money laundering, and UMNO has been implicated in some of these cases.
5. Decline in Popularity: UMNO's popularity has declined significantly since Najib's ouster. The party's traditional base of support among Malay voters has been eroding, and it faces stiff competition from the ruling Pakatan Harapan coalition, as well as from other opposition parties.
6. Rise of PAS: The Islamist party PAS has emerged as a significant political force in Malaysia, partly due to UMNO's decline. PAS has been able to win over some of UMNO's traditional supporters, and it has formed a political alliance with several other opposition parties.
7. Impact on BN: Najib's downfall has also had a significant impact on the larger BN coalition. Several of the coalition's component parties have left BN and formed new alliances, while others have stayed on but are increasingly critical of UMNO's leadership.

In summary, Najib Razak's fall from power has had a profound impact on UMNO and BN, leading to a loss of power, a leadership crisis, internal divisions, legal problems, a decline in popularity, the rise of PAS, and a weakening of the BN coalition. These challenges will continue to shape Malaysian politics for years to come.
sentences: W, The United Malays National Organization (UMNO), the former ruling party in Malaysia and the party once led by Najib Razak, has reacted to the allegations of corruption against their former leader in a few different ways. When the scandal first broke out in 2015, UMNO initially closed ranks around Najib, defending him and denying any wrongdoing. However, as the evidence against Najib mounted and public outrage grew, some cracks began to appear in UMNO's support for their former leader.

In 2018, Najib was ousted as prime minister in a general election, and his coalition, which included UMNO, lost power for the first time in six decades. Following Najib's electoral defeat, UMNO's new leadership under Ahmad Zahid Hamidi began to distance themselves from their former leader. Zahid himself was also later charged with corruption, further weakening UMNO's position on the issue.

In recent years, UMNO has attempted to rebrand itself as a party that takes a harder stance on corruption. In 2020, UMNO passed a resolution to expel any members who are found guilty of corruption or other criminal offenses. However, critics have accused UMNO of hypocrisy, pointing out that many of its members have been implicated in corruption scandals over the years, including Najib himself.

In summary, UMNO's reaction to the allegations of corruption against Najib Razak has been mixed, with initial denials and support giving way to distancing and attempts to rebrand as a party that takes a harder stance on corruption. However, the party's track record on this issue has been criticized, and it remains to be seen whether UMNO will be able to shake off its association with corruption and rebuild its reputation as a clean and accountable political party., W, source_sentence: To construct a factor analysis model, we will follow these steps:

1. Collect the data: In this case, we have the survey data from 50 students rating their satisfaction level on a scale of 1 to 10 for three aspects: academics (A), social life (S), and campus facilities (F).

2. Create a correlation matrix: Calculate the correlation coefficients between each pair of variables (A, S, and F) using the collected data. The correlation matrix will look like this:

```
      A      S      F
A  1.000  r(A,S) r(A,F)
S  r(A,S) 1.000  r(S,F)
F  r(A,F) r(S,F) 1.000
```

where r(A,S), r(A,F), and r(S,F) are the correlation coefficients between academics and social life, academics and campus facilities, and social life and campus facilities, respectively.

3. Determine the number of factors: To decide how many underlying factors can explain the correlations, we can use various methods, such as the Kaiser criterion (eigenvalues greater than 1), scree plot, or parallel analysis. For this example, let's use the Kaiser criterion.

4. Extract the factors: Perform a factor analysis using a software or statistical tool (e.g., R, Python, SPSS) to extract the factors based on the chosen number of factors. The software will provide factor loadings, which represent the correlation between the original variables and the extracted factors.

5. Interpret the factors: Analyze the factor loadings to understand the meaning of the extracted factors. If the loadings are high (e.g., greater than 0.5) for a particular variable, it means that the variable is strongly correlated with that factor.

Let's assume we have calculated the correlation coefficients and performed the factor analysis. The results show that there is one underlying factor that explains the strong correlations between the three aspects (academics, social life, and campus facilities). This factor could be interpreted as the overall satisfaction with the college experience.

In conclusion, based on the factor analysis model, the three aspects of college experience (academics, social life, and campus facilities) are strongly correlated with each other, and one underlying factor can explain these correlations, which might represent the overall satisfaction with the college experience.
sentences: U, Suppose you have a dataset with 5 variables and you want to reduce the number of variables to 2. Using factor analysis, determine the two most important factors that explain the variation in the data. Include the factor loadings for each variable on each factor., W
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
library_name: sentence-transformers
Likes: 0 | All-time downloads: 28
Created: 2025-10-29 17:20:07