Model: pankajrajdeo/Bioformer-8L-UMLS-Pubmed_PMC-Backward_TCE-Epoch-1
Author: pankajrajdeo
Pipeline: sentence-similarity
Library: sentence-transformers
Tags: sentence-transformers, safetensors, bert, sentence-similarity, feature-extraction, generated_from_trainer, dataset_size:33870508, loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss, arxiv:1908.10084, arxiv:1705.00652, text-embeddings-inference, endpoints_compatible, region:us
Card metadata: tags: sentence-transformers, sentence-similarity, feature-extraction, generated_from_trainer, dataset_size:33870508, loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
widget: source_sentence: Postnatal development of cell columns and their associated dendritic bundles in the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat. I. The ventrolateral cell column.
sentences: Clinicopathologic findings on small thyroid carcinomas measuring 10 mm or less in diameter were analyzed in 78 thyroidectomied cases. The authors divided small thyroid tumors into two subgroups according to diameter: 0 less than or equal to 5 mm (classified as minute carcinoma) and 5 less than 0 less than or equal to 10 mm (classified as tiny carcinomas). Characteristics including sex, age, histologic type, extrathyroid invasion, and lymph node metastasis were examined in each subgroup. In patients with minute carcinoma, very few incidences of extrathyroid invasion and lymph node metastasis were found. However, these involvements, especially lymph node metastasis, were found more frequently in patients with tiny carcinoma. The incidence of cervical lymph node metastasis was 13% in minute carcinoma and 59% in tiny carcinoma. (P less than 0.01). These findings suggest the need for more careful observation and treatment of tiny carcinomas, especially with respect to lymph node metastasis. In accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) classification, the histologic types of thyroid carcinoma were classified into papillary and follicular carcinomas. The papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma ratios were compared between the two subgroups. The discovery rate of follicular carcinoma was significantly higher in minute carcinoma than in tiny carcinoma (P less than 0.005). This suggests that the papillary carcinoma/follicular carcinoma ratio (p/f) increases as the size of the carcinoma increases, and that follicular carcinoma is the "seed," or initial form, of thyroid cancer. The female-male ratio in small thyroid cancer suggests that there is no sex difference in carcinogenesis but that there is more probability for cancer development in the thyroid in women., The postnatal development of the ventrolateral dendrite bundle (LDB) in the rat lumbosacral cord was studied quantitatively with Golgi-Cox impregnation. At birth, motoneuronal perikarya and their dendrites were not fully developed, and had not begun to form bundles; varicose dendritic shafts radiated symmetrically from motoneurons. Dendrites contained numerous spines and growth cones. At 5 days, dendritic shafts began to arrange themselves longitudinally, and by 10 days of age, dendrite bundling was apparent. Dendritic growth and bundling appeared complete by two months of age. LDB formation was a dynamic process; rapid dendritic growth occurred in discrete phases with brief intervals of slower dendritic development between them. The mean number of secondary and tertiary dendrites, and the mean branch length of all orders progressively increased. Motoneurons of the LDB primarily innervate the pelvic musculature. Selective horizontal orientation of dendrites into discrete compact bundles suggests that the LDB may serve as a specialized receiving and integrating system for autonomic control over excretory and reproductive functions. It is interesting to note that in patients suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, motoneurons in the LDB are resistant to destruction. This finding suggests that motoneurons in the LDB may express unique features that protect them from certain disease processes. A better understanding of the developmental anatomical, physiological and biochemical properties of the LDB may provide insight into the treatment of patients with disease processes involving spinal cord and brainstem lower motoneurons., The rate of decay of the flash-oxidized primary electron donor, P+, from the state P+QA- was studied in reaction centers from Rhodopseudomonas viridis, containing only the primary menaquinone electron acceptor (QA). At 295 K, in 100 mM NaCl and in the presence of o-phenanthroline, the rate of recombination was 470 +/- 15 s-1 at pH 7 and 570 +/- 20 s-1 at pH 9. The rate at ambient temperatures varied somewhat with viscosity, pH and ionic strength. Between 310 K and 275 K, the temperature dependences of the rate, at pH 7 and pH 9, were linear in an Arrhenius plot, with apparent activation energies of 0.20 eV and 0.16 eV, respectively. At lower temperatures, however, the dependences deviated from this behavior. In 60% glycerol (pH 7) the recombination rate was 370 +/- 10 s-1 at 295 K. As the temperature was lowered, the rate decreased but leveled off to a value of 105 +/- 5 s-1 at 170 K and was independent of temperature from 170 K to 100 K. In 60% ethylene glycol, the temperature dependence was similar, but the rate fell to a minimum of 75 s-1 at 170 K and then increased slightly at lower temperatures; it finally became temperature independent, with a value of about 100 s-1, at 110 K. The overall temperature dependence is consistent with charge recombination by two competing pathways: a direct electron-tunneling process which dominates at low temperature (less than 250 K), and a thermally activated process via a higher energy state, M, which decays rapidly to the ground state. The indirect route dominates at high temperature (above 250 K). Taking into account the contribution from the low-temperature pathway, the activation energy (enthalpy) for the activated process, in aqueous buffer, was determined to be 0.25 eV (at pH 7) and 0.19 eV (at pH 9). A likely candidate for M is P+I- (PF), where I is the intermediate bacteriopheophytin electron acceptor, and energetic arguments are presented in favor of this assignment. If a rate of decay of P+I- to the ground state, derived from the experimental value, was used in the description of the thermally activated P+QA- recombination process, the free-energy gap separating M and P+QA- could be estimated to be 0.27-0.28 eV, placing it about 0.95 eV above the ground state and 0.30 eV below the excited singlet state, P*.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)., source_sentence: Platelet hyperaggregability in a patient with Klinefelter's syndrome and leg ulcers.
sentences: We describe a patient with Klinefelter's syndrome complicated by recalcitrant leg ulcers, in whom marked platelet hyperaggregability was demonstrated and venous disease excluded. Androgen replacement therapy appeared to bring about healing of the patient's ulcers and was associated with reversal of the platelet abnormality. The possible role of androgen deficiency in the pathogenesis of leg ulceration is discussed., Recurrent inhibition of the spinal monosynaptic reflex (MSR) elicited by conditioning stimulation of the ventral root in anesthetized rats was weaker than both the recurrent inhibition of the disynaptic reflex and the inhibition of the MSR elicited by conditioning stimulation of the adjacent dorsal root. Among these 3 inhibitions, the recurrent inhibition of the MSR was enhanced to a markedly greater extent by a preceding stimulation of the medullary raphé nucleus than were the other inhibitions. The magnitude of the enhancement of the recurrent inhibition of MSR also was much greater when the medullary stimulation was delivered 20 ms prior to the ventral root activation, as compared with a 30-ms interval. Recurrent inhibition of the MSR was enhanced by intravenous injection of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD); however, the enhanced effect on recurrent inhibition elicited by stimulation of the raphé nucleus was not attenuated by the drug. These results suggest that there is a non-serotonergic, descending pathway which is capable of modulating motor output solely by means of recurrent inhibition of the MSR., The need for the preparation and professional development of ward sisters is now well recognised, and recent actual and proposed changes affecting nursing and nursing education have served to highlight its role and the need further. The London Postgraduate Teaching Hospitals have responded by establishing a training scheme for their sisters. This aims to develop the knowledge and skills of sisters who are relatively new or inexperienced and combines periods of theoretical study with observation of work on wards and/or consolidation of learning in the sister's own clinical setting. The features of the scheme include a course with a comprehensive curriculum related to most, if not all, of the aspects of the sister's role, the extensive use of experimental learning methods, the use of facilitators to create links between the course itself, course members and the workplace, formal and informal evaluation, particularly during the pilot period, and a specifically appointed project director. The evaluation of this innovation has indicated positive outcomes, both in terms of improvements in individuals and beneficial effects in the hospitals. As a result of the relative success of the first 2 years, the scheme has now been incorporated into a programme of provision for trained nursing staff, and has stimulated the development of other initiatives for other grades of staff., source_sentence: A case of 'lethal catatonia' in a 14-year-old girl.
sentences: Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) migration was assessed in vitro using the agarose plate method in patients with psoriasis vulgaris, and compared with an age- and sex-matched control group. No significant difference was found between the two groups in the PMN response to the chemotactic substances F-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) or zymosan activated serum (ZAS). Equally, the chemokinetic or chemotactic potential of psoriatic serum did not differ from control serum. Our results do not support a primary abnormality of PMN function in psoriasis., Of 99 children in the Royal Blind School, Edinburgh (which serves Scotland and part of N E England), 15 had optic atrophy (hydrocephalus 4, intracranial haemorrhage 2, prematurity 2, fetal distress 2, birth asphyxia 2, cerebral atrophy 1, cardiac arrest during hernia operation 1, and leukaemia 1). Fourteen had congenital cataract, 12 congenital retinal aplasia (Leber's congenital amaurosis) and 11 retinopathy of prematurity. There were small numbers in many other diagnostic categories, including three with non-accidental head injury. Mental retardation, spasticity, and nystagmus were frequent other correlates in all diagnostic categories. 'Very probably hereditary' was a conservative attribution in 36, while 'probable' seemed appropriate for 12-that is, almost 48% were hereditary. Only about 11 cases might have been prevented through genetic counselling, which testifies to the frequency of autosomal recessive hereditary disease, although no parents were consanguineous., A case of apparent 'lethal catatonia' in a 14-year-old girl is described; similarities with earlier descriptions are identified, although the precise cause of death in this case remains somewhat obscure., source_sentence: Adenocarcinoma of retinal pigment epithelium.
sentences: This report describes a 41-year-old man with an intraocular tumour misinterpreted clinically as choroidal melanoma. The fluorescein angiographic features were not fully characteristic of uveal malignancy, and indeed histopathology revealed the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the retinal pigment epithelium. It is suggested that, in cases with the fundus and angiographic findings described here, the rare possibility of adenocarcinoma of retinal pigment epithelium should be kept in mind. Of particular interest were the changing pathological findings in the various parts of the tumour, which paralleled the fluorescein angiographic pattern., Two experiments assessed the effects of nutrients on timing behavior by rats. The nutrients were laced with saccharin and given to rats as a snack before training on a 20-s peak-interval procedure. The primary component of the snacks for four groups of 10 rats was lecithin (phosphatidylcholine), protein (casein), carbohydrate (sucrose), or a nonnutrient (saccharin). The primary measure of behavior was the time of the rat's highest response rate during a trial (peak time), which represented the interval during which the rat maximally expected food. With a lecithin snack, peak time was gradually shifted over sessions to a shorter time, remained shifted to the left of the normal function with additional testing, and then remained at the shorter time on two sessions after the snack was discontinued; with the protein snack, peak time was abruptly shifted to a shorter time, returned to normal with additional testing, and then rebounded to a longer time when the snack was discontinued; with a carbohydrate, snack peak time was abruptly shifted to a longer time, returned to normal with additional testing, and then rebounded to a shorter time when the snack was discontinued. The behavioral patterns produced by the nutrients were interpreted in terms of precursor effects on central neurotransmitter synthesis and release, psychological stages of an information-processing model, and mathematical parameters of a scalar timing theory., This study tested the functional significance of recent 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) results demonstrating a discrete focus of activity in the olfactory bulb of rats exposed to the vapor of propionic acid. Rats with lesions that destroyed this area of the olfactory bulb performed as well as did sham operated and lesioned controls in detection of amyl acetate, butanol, geraniol, propionic acid, and on a test for propionic acid threshold. Our results demonstrate that an area of the olfactory bulb containing a major focus of metabolic activity induced by exposure to an odor can be removed without producing a deficit in the detection of that odor., source_sentence: Stage-specific protein synthesis by isolated spermatogenic cells throughout meiosis and early spermiogenesis in the mouse.
sentences: Valine-derived benzoxazinones have been synthesized and found to be competitive, slow-binding inhibitors of human leukocyte elastase (HLE). Steady-state inhibition constants Ki are dependent on aryl substitution and reach a maximum of potency of 0.5 nM with the 5-Cl compound 6. UV-spectral data for the interaction of HLE and the unsubstituted inhibitor 3 indicate that the stable complex formed between enzyme and inhibitor is an acyl-enzyme that can either undergo ring closure, to reform intact benzoxazinone, or hydrolysis, to liberate an N-acylanthranilic acid. "Burst" kinetic data, derived from the direct observation of the interaction of HLE and 3, are consistent with results of the inhibition of catalysis experiments., Spermatogenic cells isolated from prepubertal and adult mice by unit gravity sedimentation have been used to examine proteins synthesized in a stage-specific manner throughout meiosis and early spermiogenesis. Preleptotene, leptotene/zygotene, and pachytene spermatocytes were isolated from 17-day-old mice. Adult pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids were isolated from mature animals. These germ cells were then cultured in defined medium withmethioninemet, when expressed either as cpm/-10(6) cells or cpm/mg protein. Comparisons of 2D autoradiograms indicated that many proteins, including actin and tubulins, are synthesized at approximately equal levels in all stages examined. Other proteins, including heat-shock proteins and multiple plasma membrane constituents, are synthesized in a stage-specific manner in leptotene/zygotene spermatocytes, pachytene spermatocytes, and round spermatids. These studies define conditions for monitoring protein synthesis in isolated spermatogenic cells prior to the pachytene stage of meiosis, provide a 2D map of proteins synthesized at these earlier meiotic stages, and examine the synthesis of several proteins previously identified on 2D gels with biochemical and immunological methods., An extracellular lipase from Staphylococcus aureus (strain FN 37) was purified to homogeneity. A cell-free culture broth was subjected to ammonium sulphate precipitation, and the lipase was isolated from the resuspended pellet by adsorption chromatography on octyl-Sepharose. The purification was 957-fold, and the recovery of the octyl-Sepharose chromatography was about 100%. The specific activity of the purified lipase was 546 mU of lipase activity per micrograms protein. The purity of the final product was documented by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in which a homogeneous protein band of 43 kDa was found. In gel chromatography on Sephadex G-200 the lipase eluted as a homogeneous peak with an apparent molecular mass of 110 kDa, suggesting that the lipase may exist as an oligomer in physiological media. Analysis of the amino-acid composition revealed a predominance of polar, non-charged amino acids, with serine accounting for 24 mol% of the amino-acid residues.
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
library_name: sentence-transformers
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Created: 2025-03-08 03:38:28