Measuring General Intelligence with Generated Games
Authors: name: Vivek Verma; name: David Huang; name: William Chen; name: Dan Klein; name: Nicholas Tomlin
Published: 2025-05-12 04:01:03

Abstract: We present gg-bench, a collection of game environments designed to evaluate
general reasoning capabilities in language models. Unlike most static
benchmarks, gg-bench is a data generating process where new evaluation
instances can be generated at will. In particular, gg-bench is synthetically
generated by (1) using a large language model (LLM) to generate natural
language descriptions of novel games, (2) using the LLM to implement each game
in code as a Gym environment, and (3) training reinforcement learning (RL)
agents via self-play on the generated games. We evaluate language models by
their winrate against these RL agents by prompting models with the game
description, current board state, and a list of valid moves, after which models
output the moves they wish to take. gg-bench is challenging: state-of-the-art
LLMs such as GPT-4o and Claude 3.7 Sonnet achieve winrates of 7-9% on gg-bench
using in-context learning, while reasoning models such as o1, o3-mini and
DeepSeek-R1 achieve average winrates of 31-36%. We release the generated games,
data generation process, and evaluation code in order to support future
modeling work and expansion of our benchmark.