V2V-LLM: Vehicle-to-Vehicle Cooperative Autonomous Driving with
  Multi-Modal Large Language Models
Authors: name: Hsu-kuang Chiu; name: Ryo Hachiuma; name: Chien-Yi Wang; name: Stephen F. Smith; name: Yu-Chiang Frank Wang; name: Min-Hung Chen
Published: 2025-02-14 08:05:41

Abstract: Current autonomous driving vehicles rely mainly on their individual sensors
to understand surrounding scenes and plan for future trajectories, which can be
unreliable when the sensors are malfunctioning or occluded. To address this
problem, cooperative perception methods via vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V)
communication have been proposed, but they have tended to focus on detection
and tracking. How those approaches contribute to overall cooperative planning
performance is still under-explored. Inspired by recent progress using Large
Language Models (LLMs) to build autonomous driving systems, we propose a novel
problem setting that integrates an LLM into cooperative autonomous driving,
with the proposed Vehicle-to-Vehicle Question-Answering (V2V-QA) dataset and
benchmark. We also propose our baseline method Vehicle-to-Vehicle Large
Language Model (V2V-LLM), which uses an LLM to fuse perception information from
multiple connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) and answer driving-related
questions: grounding, notable object identification, and planning. Experimental
results show that our proposed V2V-LLM can be a promising unified model
architecture for performing various tasks in cooperative autonomous driving,
and outperforms other baseline methods that use different fusion approaches.
Our work also creates a new research direction that can improve the safety of
future autonomous driving systems. Our project website:
https://eddyhkchiu.github.io/v2vllm.github.io/ .