DiffMoE: Dynamic Token Selection for Scalable Diffusion Transformers
Authors: name: Minglei Shi; name: Ziyang Yuan; name: Haotian Yang; name: Xintao Wang; name: Mingwu Zheng; name: Xin Tao; name: Wenliang Zhao; name: Wenzhao Zheng; name: Jie Zhou; name: Jiwen Lu; name: Pengfei Wan; name: Di Zhang; name: Kun Gai
Published: 2025-03-18 17:57:07

Abstract: Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable success in various image
generation tasks, but their performance is often limited by the uniform
processing of inputs across varying conditions and noise levels. To address
this limitation, we propose a novel approach that leverages the inherent
heterogeneity of the diffusion process. Our method, DiffMoE, introduces a
batch-level global token pool that enables experts to access global token
distributions during training, promoting specialized expert behavior. To
unleash the full potential of the diffusion process, DiffMoE incorporates a
capacity predictor that dynamically allocates computational resources based on
noise levels and sample complexity. Through comprehensive evaluation, DiffMoE
achieves state-of-the-art performance among diffusion models on ImageNet
benchmark, substantially outperforming both dense architectures with 3x
activated parameters and existing MoE approaches while maintaining 1x activated
parameters. The effectiveness of our approach extends beyond class-conditional
generation to more challenging tasks such as text-to-image generation,
demonstrating its broad applicability across different diffusion model
applications. Project Page: https://shiml20.github.io/DiffMoE/