DreamRenderer: Taming Multi-Instance Attribute Control in Large-Scale
  Text-to-Image Models
Authors: name: Dewei Zhou; name: Mingwei Li; name: Zongxin Yang; name: Yi Yang
Published: 2025-03-17 07:30:16

Abstract: Image-conditioned generation methods, such as depth- and canny-conditioned
approaches, have demonstrated remarkable abilities for precise image synthesis.
However, existing models still struggle to accurately control the content of
multiple instances (or regions). Even state-of-the-art models like FLUX and
3DIS face challenges, such as attribute leakage between instances, which limits
user control. To address these issues, we introduce DreamRenderer, a
training-free approach built upon the FLUX model. DreamRenderer enables users
to control the content of each instance via bounding boxes or masks, while
ensuring overall visual harmony. We propose two key innovations: 1) Bridge
Image Tokens for Hard Text Attribute Binding, which uses replicated image
tokens as bridge tokens to ensure that T5 text embeddings, pre-trained solely
on text data, bind the correct visual attributes for each instance during Joint
Attention; 2) Hard Image Attribute Binding applied only to vital layers.
Through our analysis of FLUX, we identify the critical layers responsible for
instance attribute rendering and apply Hard Image Attribute Binding only in
these layers, using soft binding in the others. This approach ensures precise
control while preserving image quality. Evaluations on the COCO-POS and
COCO-MIG benchmarks demonstrate that DreamRenderer improves the Image Success
Ratio by 17.7% over FLUX and enhances the performance of layout-to-image models
like GLIGEN and 3DIS by up to 26.8%. Project Page:
https://limuloo.github.io/DreamRenderer/.