Multi-SWE-bench: A Multilingual Benchmark for Issue Resolving
Authors: name: Daoguang Zan; name: Zhirong Huang; name: Wei Liu; name: Hanwu Chen; name: Linhao Zhang; name: Shulin Xin; name: Lu Chen; name: Qi Liu; name: Xiaojian Zhong; name: Aoyan Li; name: Siyao Liu; name: Yongsheng Xiao; name: Liangqiang Chen; name: Yuyu Zhang; name: Jing Su; name: Tianyu Liu; name: Rui Long; name: Kai Shen; name: Liang Xiang
Published: 2025-04-03 14:06:17

Abstract: The task of issue resolving is to modify a codebase to generate a patch that
addresses a given issue. However, existing benchmarks, such as SWE-bench, focus
almost exclusively on Python, making them insufficient for evaluating Large
Language Models (LLMs) across diverse software ecosystems. To address this, we
introduce a multilingual issue-resolving benchmark, called Multi-SWE-bench,
covering Java, TypeScript, JavaScript, Go, Rust, C, and C++. It includes a
total of 1,632 high-quality instances, which were carefully annotated from
2,456 candidates by 68 expert annotators, ensuring that the benchmark can
provide an accurate and reliable evaluation. Based on Multi-SWE-bench, we
evaluate a series of state-of-the-art models using three representative methods
(Agentless, SWE-agent, and OpenHands) and present a comprehensive analysis with
key empirical insights. In addition, we launch a Multi-SWE-RL open-source
community, aimed at building large-scale reinforcement learning (RL) training
datasets for issue-resolving tasks. As an initial contribution, we release a
set of 4,723 well-structured instances spanning seven programming languages,
laying a solid foundation for RL research in this domain. More importantly, we
open-source our entire data production pipeline, along with detailed tutorials,
encouraging the open-source community to continuously contribute and expand the
dataset. We envision our Multi-SWE-bench and the ever-growing Multi-SWE-RL
community as catalysts for advancing RL toward its full potential, bringing us
one step closer to the dawn of AGI.