1000+ FPS 4D Gaussian Splatting for Dynamic Scene Rendering
Authors: name: Yuheng Yuan; name: Qiuhong Shen; name: Xingyi Yang; name: Xinchao Wang
Published: 2025-03-20 17:59:44

Abstract: 4D Gaussian Splatting (4DGS) has recently gained considerable attention as a
method for reconstructing dynamic scenes. Despite achieving superior quality,
4DGS typically requires substantial storage and suffers from slow rendering
speed. In this work, we delve into these issues and identify two key sources of
temporal redundancy. (Q1) Short-Lifespan Gaussians: 4DGS uses a large
portion of Gaussians with short temporal span to represent scene dynamics,
leading to an excessive number of Gaussians. (Q2) Inactive Gaussians:
When rendering, only a small subset of Gaussians contributes to each frame.
Despite this, all Gaussians are processed during rasterization, resulting in
redundant computation overhead. To address these redundancies, we present
4DGS-1K, which runs at over 1000 FPS on modern GPUs. For Q1, we
introduce the Spatial-Temporal Variation Score, a new pruning criterion that
effectively removes short-lifespan Gaussians while encouraging 4DGS to capture
scene dynamics using Gaussians with longer temporal spans. For Q2, we store a
mask for active Gaussians across consecutive frames, significantly reducing
redundant computations in rendering. Compared to vanilla 4DGS, our method
achieves a 41times reduction in storage and 9times faster rasterization
speed on complex dynamic scenes, while maintaining comparable visual quality.
Please see our project page at https://4DGS-1K.github.io.