Hibbaan/DIVYADRISHTI huggingface dataset:
RESERVE BANK OF INDIA & ORS.versusA.K. NAIR & ORS.
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 529/2023
Decision Date: 04-07-2023
Disposal: Disposed off
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC613

S. RAVINDRA BHAT*, DIPANKAR DATTA* Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunity, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 – s. 33 – Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 – s. 34 – Reservation in promotion for person with disabilities – Bank employee having post polio paralysis of Test, to secure promotion to Class I post, however, fell short of qualifying marks by three marks – Representation for condonation of short fall of marks, on par with SC/ST category but not considered – Writ petition by the employee – High Court directed the bank to apply
ANNA MATHEWS AND OTHERSversusSUPREME COURT OF INDIA AND OTHERS
Case No.: WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) No. 148/2023
Decision Date: 10-02-2023
Disposal: Dismissed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC122

English हिन्दी - Hindiमराठी - Marathiਪੰਜਾਬੀ - Punjabiతెలుగు - Telugu 




 Disclaimer 


 
								 
						Judgments in  regional languages are also made available alongside the English version. The translations are being done with the help of various human agencies and software tools. 
						Reasonable efforts have been made to provide an accurate translation.
						 
						 Hindi Judgment as published in Ucchtam Nyayalya Nirnay Patrika are reproduced under approval of Vidhi Sahitya Prakashan, Department of legislative affairs, Govt. Of India. 
						 
						Supreme Court Registry will not responsible for incorrect or inaccurate translation and  for any error, omission or discrepancy in the content of translated text. 
						The translation of Judgements is provided for general information  and shall have no legal effect for compliance or enforcement.
						If any questions arise related to the accuracy of the information/statement contained in the translated judgment,  users are advised to verify from the original judgments and also to refer to correct position of law while referring to old judgments. 
						Visitors to the site are requested to cross check the correctness of the information on this site with the authorities concerned or consult the relevant record. The information made available here is not meant for legal evidence. Neither the Courts concerned nor the National Informatics Centre (NIC) nor the e-Committee is responsible for any data inaccuracy or delay in the updation of the data on this website. We do not accept any responsibility or liability for any damage or loss arising from the direct/indirect use of the information provided on the site. However, we shall be obliged if errors/omissions are brought to our notice for carrying out the corrections.
						 ANNA MATHEWS AND OTHERS versus SUPREME COURT OF INDIA AND OTHERS - [2023] 1 S.C.R. 4632023 INSC 122 SANJIV KHANNA, BHUSHAN RAMKRISHNA GAVAI Constitution of India: Art.217 – Collegium recommendation – Scope and ambit of judicial review in the matter of appointment of judges – Held: The Collegium of the Supreme Court takes the final call after considering recommendation of High Court, inputs of intelligence agencies, and comments of the judges of this Court and a number of letters and communications from all quarters – Supreme Court while exercising power of judicial review cannot issue a writ of certiorari quashing the recommendation, or mandamus calling upon the Collegium of the Supreme Court to
SHEO RAJ SINGH (DECEASED) THROUGH LRS. & ORS.versusUNION OF INDIA & ANR.
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 5867/2015
Decision Date: 09-10-2023
Disposal: Dismissed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC885

BELA M. TRIVEDI*, DIPANKAR DATTA HEADNOTES Issue for consideration: Whether the High Court was justifi ed in condoning the delay in presentation of the appeal; and whether the department had shown suffi cient cause for which the appeal could not be presented within the prescribed period Condonation of – Exercise of discretionary power – High Court condoned the delay of around 479 days in presentation of the appeal by the Department from the decision of the Reference Court whereby it had enhanced compensation payable to the landowners – Correctness of: Held:
DILIP B JIWRAJKAversusUNION OF INDIA & ORS
Case No.: WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) No. 1281/2021
Decision Date: 09-11-2023
Disposal: Dismissed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC1018

D.Y. CHANDRACHUD*, J.B. PARDIWALA, MANOJ MISRA HEADNOTES Issue for consideration: Constitutional validity of ss.95 to 100 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016. Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 – ss.95 to 100 – Constitutional validity – Challenge to: Held: Provisions of ss.95 to as they do not violate Articles 14 and 21– No judicial adjudication is involved at the stages envisaged in ss.95 to 99 – The resolution professional appointed u/s.97 serves a facilitative role of collating all the facts relevant to the examination of the application for
M. SURESH KUMAR REDDYversusCANARA BANK & ORS.
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 7121/2022
Decision Date: 11-05-2023
Disposal: Dismissed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC521

ABHAY S. OKA*, RAJESH BINDAL Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 – ss.3(12), 7, 14 – Scope of s.7 – ‘Default’ u/s.3(12) – Application filed by the respondent-Bank u/s.7 against corporate debtor, admitted by NCLT – Moratorium was declared for the purposes referred in s.14 – Debtor – Appeal dismissed by NCLAT – Held: Once NCLT is satisfied that the default has occurred, there is hardly a discretion left with it to refuse admission of the application u/s.7 – Even the non--payment of a part of debt when it becomes due and payable will amount to
COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS, CENTRAL EXCISE & SERVICE TAXversusM/S SUZLON ENERGY LTD.
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 11400/2018
Decision Date: 10-04-2023
Disposal: Disposed off
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC332

M.R. SHAH*, KRISHNA MURARI Finance Act, 1994 – ss.65(35b), 65(105)(zzzzd) – “design services” – Respondent engaged in manufacture of Wind Turbine Generator (WTG), entered into a product development and purchase agreement with its sister concern in Germany – Various models of “Engineering Design & Drawings” were imported by the respondent for manufacturing of WTG – If leviable to service tax under the category of “design services” as defined u/s.65(35b) r/w s.65(105)(zzzzd) – Held: Yes –
VAHITHAversusSTATE OF TAMIL NADU
Case No.: CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 762/2012
Decision Date: 22-02-2023
Disposal: Dismissed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC151

DINESH MAHESHWARI*, BELA M. TRIVEDI Penal Code, 1860 – s.302 – Conviction under – Strangulation of child – Prosecution case that appellant strangulated her five year old child to death while PW-1 (mother-in-law of appellant) had gone out of the house – As per the FIR, when PW-1 came back she saw the appellant tie the outer end of her saree tightly around the neck of the child – During her testimony PW-1 stated that she found the appellant sitting silently next to the deceased child when she came back to the house – Upon hearing PW-1 shout; daughters of PW-1 i.e. PW-2
KESHAV BHAURAO YEOLE (D) BY LRS.versusMURALIDHAR (D) & ORS.
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 11104/2014
Decision Date: 19-10-2023
Disposal: Appeal(s) allowed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC939

S. RAVINDRA BHAT*, ARAVIND KUMAR HEADNOTES Issue for consideration: Whether the High Court was justifi ed in ordering remand of the matter for examination of afresh bonafi de requirement of the heirs of the landlord for personal cultivation, in light of the changed circumstances-death of landlord; of the landlord exceeds one economic holding and whether the landlord earns his livelihood principally by agriculture or by agricultural labour. Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands Act, 1948 – s. 43A – Application under – Dispute between the legal heirs of the original
PRAMOD KUMAR MISHRAversusTHE STATE OF U.P.
Case No.: CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 2710/2023
Decision Date: 04-09-2023
Disposal: Appeal(s) allowed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC791

ABHAY S. OKA*, SANJAY KAROL HEADNOTES Issue for consideration: Appellant convicted u/s. 307 IPC and sentenced to undergo 5 years rigorous imprisonment, whether the sentence imposed by the Trial Court and as upheld by the High Court is just and proper. Sentence/sentencing – Trial Court convicted A-2 (appellant) u/s. him to undergo 5 years rigorous imprisonment – Conviction and order of sentence of appellant confi rmed by the High Court – Limited question before the Supreme Court regarding the quantum of sentence: Held: It is a well-established principle that while imposing sentence, Decision Date : 04-09-2023 | Case No : CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 2710/2023 | Disposal Nature : Appeal(s) allowed  | Direction Issue : Appeal partly allowed  |  Bench : 2 Judges
SITA SORENversusUNION OF INDIA
Case No.: CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 451/2019
Decision Date: 20-09-2023
Disposal: Unknown
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC856

English हिन्दी - Hindiਪੰਜਾਬੀ - Punjabi 




 Disclaimer 


 
								 
						Judgments in  regional languages are also made available alongside the English version. The translations are being done with the help of various human agencies and software tools. 
						Reasonable efforts have been made to provide an accurate translation.
						 
						 Hindi Judgment as published in Ucchtam Nyayalya Nirnay Patrika are reproduced under approval of Vidhi Sahitya Prakashan, Department of legislative affairs, Govt. Of India. 
						 
						Supreme Court Registry will not responsible for incorrect or inaccurate translation and  for any error, omission or discrepancy in the content of translated text. 
						The translation of Judgements is provided for general information  and shall have no legal effect for compliance or enforcement.
						If any questions arise related to the accuracy of the information/statement contained in the translated judgment,  users are advised to verify from the original judgments and also to refer to correct position of law while referring to old judgments. 
						Visitors to the site are requested to cross check the correctness of the information on this site with the authorities concerned or consult the relevant record. The information made available here is not meant for legal evidence. Neither the Courts concerned nor the National Informatics Centre (NIC) nor the e-Committee is responsible for any data inaccuracy or delay in the updation of the data on this website. We do not accept any responsibility or liability for any damage or loss arising from the direct/indirect use of the information provided on the site. However, we shall be obliged if errors/omissions are brought to our notice for carrying out the corrections.
						 SITA SOREN versus UNION OF INDIA - [2023] 12 S.C.R. 7532023 INSC 856 D.Y. CHANDRACHUD, A.S. BOPANNA, M.M. SUNDRESH, J.B. PARDIWALA, MANOJ MISRA HEADNOTES Issue for consideration: Issue pertains to whether an MP or MLA can claim immunity from criminal prosecution for taking bribery for making a speech or voting in a particular manner in the House; and as to correctness of case. Constitution of India – Art. 194(2) – Powers, privileges, etc, of the House of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof – Issue as regards immunity to an MP or MLA from criminal prosecution for taking bribery for making a speech or voting in a particular Decision Date : 20-09-2023 | Case No : CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 451/2019  | Direction Issue : Papers to be placed before Hon’ble CJI for constituting larger Bench of seven judges  |  Bench : 5 Judges
SIBY THOMASversusM/S. SOMANY CERAMICS LTD
Case No.: CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 3139/2023
Decision Date: 10-10-2023
Disposal: Appeal(s) allowed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC890

C.T. RAVIKUMAR*, SANJAY KUMAR HEADNOTES Issue for consideration: In the impugned order, the High Court declined to quash the complaint u/s.138 r/w. s.141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 qua the appellant-accused no.4 in exercise of the power u/s. 482 of the Cr.P.C. Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 – s. 138 Respondent fi led complaint u/s. 138 r/w. s.141 of the NI Act – Appellant set up twin grounds to seek quashment of the complaint against him; fi rstly, that he had resigned from the partnership fi rm on 28.05.2013 whereas the cheque in question was issued on 21.08.2015 and secondly, that
MAHARASHTRA STATE ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION COMPANY LIMITEDversusRATNAGIRI GAS AND POWER PRIVATE LIMITED & ORS
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 1922/2023
Decision Date: 09-11-2023
Disposal: Dismissed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC993

D.Y. CHANDRACHUD*, J.B. PARDIWALA, MANOJ MISRA HEADNOTES Issue for consideration: Whether the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission-CERC and Appellate Tribunal for Electricity-APTEL were justifi ed in affi xing liability to pay fi appellant. Electricity Act, 2003 – s. 79 – Payment of fi xed capacity charges – Fixation of liability – Power Purchase Agreement between the appellant and fi rst respondent whereby the appellant would purchase power from the fi rst respondent – First respondent was
MAHANADI COALFIELDS LTD.versusSTATE OF ODISHA & ORS
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 220/2023
Decision Date: 20-01-2023
Disposal: Dismissed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC63

M.R. SHAH*, C.T. RAVIKUMAR Coal Bearing Areas (Acquisition and Development) Act, 1957– ss.11(2),2(d)– ‘Person interested’ –Lands in question owned by respondent-State was acquired by the Central Govt. –In exercise of powers u/s.11(1), the Central Govt. directed that the lands and rights Govt., vest in the appellant-Govt. Company subject to the terms and conditions as mentioned– Demand notice issued by State for premium and compensation – Challenged by appellant– Demand confirmed by High Court– On appeal, held: As per s.11(2), where the rights under
MOHINDER SINGH(DEAD) THROUGH LRS AND ANOTHERversusNARAIN SINGH AND OTHERS
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 3828/2017
Decision Date: 14-03-2023
Disposal: Dismissed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC223

AJAY RASTOGI*, C.T. RAVIKUMAR, BELA M. TRIVEDI Delhi Municipal Corporation Act, 1957 : ss. 2(52), 2(61), 502, 507(a) – Delhi Land Reforms Act, 1954 – ss. 3(5), 150 – Delhi Development Act, 1957 – Special provisions as to rural areas – Recorded in a village in Delhi to one vide registered sale deed – He again sold some portion of his land to respondents vide sale deed in 1989 and their names were mutated subsequently – Appellants case that before the said sale deed could be executed in favour of the respondents, the
SACHIDHANANDAM SINCE DEAD THROUGH HIS LRS.versusE. VANAJA AND ORS.
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 3667/2018
Decision Date: 06-11-2023
Disposal: Disposed off
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC984

BHUSHAN RAMKRISHNA GAVAI*, HIMA KOHLI, PRASHANT KUMAR MISHRA HEADNOTES Issue for consideration: Whether under the provisions of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956, the widow of the pre-deceased son has the fi rst right or entitlement to receive any share in the share of her mother-in-law. Hindu Succession Act, 1956 and 16 – Rules of succession in the case of female Hindus – Order of succession and manner of distribution among heirs of a female Hindu – First right of widow of the pre-deceased son to receive any share in the share of her mother-in-law: Held: A combined reading of s.
MRS. KALYANI RAJANversusINDRAPRASTHA APOLLO HOSPITAL & ORS.
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 10347/2010
Decision Date: 17-10-2023
Disposal: Dismissed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC921

A.S. BOPANNA*, PRASHANT KUMAR MISHRA HEADNOTES Issue for consideration: Whether the respondents have committed negligence in not providing proper post-operative medical care to the patient and, accordingly, whether the NCDRC has committed any illegality while dismissing the complaint fi led by the Act, 1986 – Complainant-appellant, husband (patient) was suff ering from Chiari Malformations (Type II) with Hydrocephalous – Patient underwent neurosurgery after which he was shifted to a private room – However, same day around 11:00 p.m., patient suff ered a heart attack
UTTAR HARYANA BIJLI VITRAN NIGAM LTD. & ANRversusADANI POWER (MUNDRA) LIMITED & ORS.
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 4143/2020
Decision Date: 20-04-2023
Disposal: Dismissed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC401

BHUSHAN RAMKRISHNA GAVAI*, VIKRAM NATH Electricity Act, 2013 : s. 63 – Determination of tariff by bidding process – Change in law – Haryana Utilities-appellants entered into Power Purchase Agreements-PPAs with the APML – PPAs entered pursuant to tariff Process – Petition by APML before CERC seeking relief of increase in tariff on account of change in law, increase in coal price due to change in Indonesian Regulations – CERC allowed the petition granting change in law relief for the shortfall in the availability of 100% coal which
BHARATIYA KAMGAR KARMACHARI MAHASANGHversusM/S. JET AIRWAYS LTD
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 4404/2023
Decision Date: 25-07-2023
Disposal: Appeal(s) allowed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC646

ABHAY S. OKA*, SANJAY KAROL Bombay Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Rules, 1959 – Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946 – Appellant- Union represents workmen temporarily engaged on a fixed-term contract by the respondent-company – Appellant contended that the workmen were despite completing 240 days in service in terms of the Model Standing Order provided under the Rules of 1959 and despite the nature of the work being permanent and regular – Respondent claimed that the workers are not entitled to permanency as per the settlement dated 02.05.2002 –
CELIR LLPversusBAFNA MOTORS (MUMBAI) PVT. LTD. & ORS.
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 5542/2023
Decision Date: 21-09-2023
Disposal: Appeal(s) allowed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC838

D.Y. CHANDRACHUD*, J.B. PARDIWALA 53 : 2023 INSC 838 53 CASE DETAILS CELIR LLP v. BAFNA MOTORS (MUMBAI) PVT. LTD. & ORS. (Civil Appeal Nos. 5542 - 5543 of 2023) SEPTEMBER 21, 2023 [DR. DHANANJAYA Y. CHANDRACHUD, CJI AND J. B. PARDIWALA, J.] HEADNOTES Issues for consideration: The present appeals by the appellant-auction the borrowers to redeem the mortgage of the secured asset after the auction proceedings had attained finality. The questions for consideration were:- 1. Whether the High Court was justified in exercising its writ jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution more particularly when the
MOSER BAER KARAMCHARI UNION THR. PRESIDENT MAHESH CHAND SHARMAversusUNION OF INDIA AND ORS.
Case No.: WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) No. 421/2019
Decision Date: 02-05-2023
Disposal: Dismissed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC479

M.B. SHAH*, SANJIV KHANNA Companies Act, 2013: s. 327(7) – Constitutional validity – Held: s. 327(7) provides that ss. 326 and 327 shall not be applicable in the event of liquidation under the IBC, in view of the enactment of IBC and it applies with respect to the liquidation of a company under the cannot be said to be arbitrary and/or violative of Art. 21 – In case of liquidation of a company under IBC, the provisions of s. 53 IBC and other provisions of the IBC shall be applicable as the company is ordered to be liquidated or wound up under the provisions of IBC –
COMMR. OF CEN. EXC. AHMEDABADversusM/S URMIN PRODUCTS P. LTD. AND OTHERS
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 10159/2010
Decision Date: 20-10-2023
Disposal: Disposed off
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC951

S. RAVINDRA BHAT*, ARAVIND KUMAR HEADNOTES Issues for consideration: The primary dispute in the present seven groups of appeals revolved around classifi cation of the product in question keeping in view two competing Central Excise Tariff Sub-Headings / entries i.e. under CET SH tobacco’ or under CET SH 2403 9930 as ‘zarda/ jarda scented tobacco’. Ancillary issues related to invoking of the proviso to Section 11A of the Central Excise Act, 1944 and declaration made r.6 of the ‘Chewing Tobacco’ and Unmanufactured Tobacco Packing
GOVERNMENT OF NCT OF DELHI & ANR.versusSHAKEEL AHMED & ORS.
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 739/2023
Decision Date: 09-02-2023
Disposal: Appeal(s) allowed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC108

M.R. SHAH*, C.T. RAVIKUMAR Land Acquisition – Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 – s.24(2) – Land Acquisition Act, 1894 – There was ownership dispute with regard to the land in question – High Court without going into that in the case of Pune Municipal Corporation, allowed writ petition preferred by respondent No.1 and declared that the acquisition proceedings were deemed to have lapsed u/s.24(2) of the Act, 2013 – Held: The High Court ought to have first decided the ownership dispute and thereafter ought to
CENTRAL BOARD OF DAWOODI BOHRA COMMUNITY & ANR.versusTHE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA &ANR.
Case No.: WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) No. 740/1986
Decision Date: 10-02-2023
Disposal: Directions issued
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC115

SANJAY KISHAN KAUL*, SANJIV KHANNA, ABHAY S. OKA, VIKRAM NATH, J.K. MAHESHWARI Bombay Protection of Ex-communication Act, 1949 – The Act, 1949 provided that ex-communication of a member of any community shall be invalid and shall be of no effect – Head of the Dawoodi Bohra community challenged the that it infringed on fundamental rights guaranteed u/Arts.25 and 26 of the Constitution – A Constitution Bench of Supreme Court (of five Judges) in the case of Sardar Syedna, by majority, held that ex- communication amongst the Dawoodi Bohras forms an integral part of the management of the
NAND LAL AND OTHERSversusTHE STATE OF CHHATTISGARH
Case No.: CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 1421/2015
Decision Date: 14-03-2023
Disposal: Appeal(s) allowed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC224

BHUSHAN RAMKRISHNA GAVAI*, VIKRAM NATH, SANJAY KAROL Penal Code, 1860: s. 302 – Murder – Prosecution case that previous enmity between the accused persons and the complainant – Accused no. 11 assaulted the complainant and thereafter, the complainant lodged an FIR – Said accused then alongwith the other accused weapons formed an unlawful assembly, and assualted the victim-complainant’s father along with the prosecution witnesses, resulting in the death of the victim – Conviction of the accused persons for the offences punishable u/s. 302 along with the other offences and sentenced to life
SECURITY PRINTING AND MINTING CORPORATION OF INDIA LTD. & ORS. ETCversusVIJAY D. KASBE AND ORS. ETC
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 2911/2023
Decision Date: 18-04-2023
Disposal: Appeal(s) allowed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC388

V. RAMASUBRAMANIAN*, PANKAJ MITHAL Service Law – Government servants – Claim of Over Time Allowance u/s.59(1), Factories Act – Denial of – Held: Appointment either to a civil post or in the civil services of the Union or employment governed strictly by a contract of service or solely by labour welfare legislations, but by statute or statutory rules issued u/Article 309 or its proviso – Unlike those employed in factories and industrial establishments, persons in public service who are holders of civil posts
THE STATE OF HARYANA & ORS.versusSUSHILA & ORS.
Case No.: CIVIL APPEAL No. 9205/2022
Decision Date: 13-01-2023
Disposal: Appeal(s) allowed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC36

M.R. SHAH*, S. RAVINDRA BHAT Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013: s. 24(2) – Land acquisition, when deemed to have lapsed – Writ petition by the respondent no.1-original writ petitioners, being subsequent purchasers seeking declaration that land is deemed to have lapsed in view of s.24(2) since neither physical possession of the land was taken nor they were paid compensation – Allowed by the High Court – Sustainability of – Held: Not sustainable – Possession was taken over by the acquiring body and handed
PRAKASH AGGARWALversusGANESH BENZOPLAST LIMITED AND ANOTHER
Case No.: CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 1308/2023
Decision Date: 28-04-2023
Disposal: Appeal(s) allowed
Neutral Citation: 2023INSC464

BHUSHAN RAMKRISHNA GAVAI*, VIKRAM NATH Administration of Justice – Abuse of process of law – Held: Respondent No.1-complainant has attempted to turn a purely contractual dispute between the parties into a criminal case – Not only that, there is an inordinate delay in lodging the complaint – Further, at its face value, does not disclose that any of the ingredients of the offence complained of have been made out – Thus, the present complaint is nothing else but an abuse of process of law – Complaint filed before the trial court u/ss.403, 406, 420, 120B, IPC is dismissed –