Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
In this work, we traced structural transformations of an Al62.5Cu25Fe12.5 alloy, in which a quasicrystalline icosahedral phase (i-phase) can be formed, upon spraying onto a substrate and consolidation from the powder into the bulk state. The Al62.5Cu25Fe12.5 powder was obtained by gas atomization and consisted of i-phase and ?-phase AlCu(Fe).

The powder was detonation sprayed (DS) and consolidated by spark plasma sintering (SPS)/hot pressing (HP). During DS, the particles experienced partial or complete melting and rapid solidification, which resulted in the formation of coatings of a complex structure. The composite regions containing i-phase were inherited from the powder alloy. The fraction of the material that experienced melting solidified as ?-phase AlFe(Cu) in the coating. It was suggested that the difficulty of obtaining i-phase upon post-spray annealing is related to aluminum depletion of the alloy during DS. During SPS and HP, the elemental composition of the alloy was preserved, while the exposure to an elevated temperature led to phase homogenization.

SPS and HP conducted at 700?C resulted in full densification and the formation of a single-phase quasicrystalline alloy. The sintered single-phase alloy showed a higher microhardness in comparison with the DS coatings.
BACKGROUND: «The vicious circle» of associations of diabetes mellitus (DM) with pancreatic pathology, when pancreatic diseases can initiate DM, and type 2 DM — cause functional and organic pancreatic pathology, determines the search for possible associations. Some studies have established a relationship between TNF or TP53 polymorphisms with DM or with pancreatic diseases. AIMS: to determine and compare fasting plasma glucose and the frequency of hyperglycemia in patients with acute pancreatitis (APp), chronic pancreatitis (CPp), pancreatic cancer (PCp) depending on gender, etiology or stage of the disease, polymorphism -308G/A TNF gene in all patients, and polymorphism 72Arg/Pro gene TP53 in PCp.. MATERIALS AND METHODS: At the observational multicenter clinical cross-sectional uncontrolled case-study 44 APp, 97 CPp and 45 PCp were examined; the groups were comparable by sex/age. Informed consent form for participate in the study was obtained from all patients. The main outcome of the study: frequency of hyperglycemia in APp, CPp, PCp, considering the polymorphism TNF and TP53 genes. RESULTS: The lowest age-standardized fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was found in CPp (6,2±0,2 mmol/l) than in APp (6,7±0,2 mmol/l, p=0,041). In PCp (6,6±0,2 mmol/l), the average levels of FPG did not differ substantially when compared with APp (p=0,749) or CPp (p=0,092). In APp, the norm of GP was detected less frequently (31,8%) than in CPp (54,6%, χ2 =6,3, p=0,012), and the frequency of the norm of GP in PCp (48,9%) did not differ with that in APp or CPp. The frequency of FPG≥6,1<7,0 mmol/l did not differ in APp (20,5%), CPp (9,3%) or PCp (17,8%). The frequency of FGP≥7.0 mmol/l did not differ in APp CPp and PCp: 47,7, 36,1, 33,3%. Logistic regression analysis revealed a tendency for an increased chance of having stage 3–4 PC with FPG≥7,0 mmol/l (Exp (B)=3,205 95%CI 0,866–11,855, p=0,081) in PCp, but not in patients with pancreatic necrosis or “definite» СP.The frequencies of G/G (71,4, 74,7, 76,2%), G/A (26,2, 24,1, 23,8%) of TNF genotypes did not differ in APp, CPp or PCp, p>0,05. In PCp genotypes Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro, Pro/Pro polymorphism gene 72Arg/Pro TP53 in 2,4, 35,7, 61,9% of cases. No associations of GP≥7,0 mmol/l with TNF polymorphism in APp, CPp, PCp and with TP53 polymorphism in PCp were obtained. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of FGP≥7,0 mmol/l did not differ for various pancreatic disease and was not associated with the risk of pancreatic necrosis and “defined” CP. The -308G/A polymorphism TNF gene did not differ in APp, CPp or PCp and was not associated with impaired carbohydrate metabolism. The 72Arg/Pro polymorphism TP53 gene in PCp was not associated with impaired carbohydrate metabolism.
Denote by $\nu_p(G)$ the number of Sylow $p$-subgroups of $G$. It is not difficult to see that $\nu_p(H)\leq\nu_p(G)$ for $H\leq G$, however $\nu_p(H)$ does not divide $\nu_p(G)$ in general. In this paper we reduce the question whether $\nu_p(H)$ divides $\nu_p(G)$ for every $H\leq G$ to almost simple groups. This result substantially generalizes the previous result by G. Navarro and also provides an alternative proof for the Navarro theorem.
The numerical simulation of wavy regimes of the freely-falling liquid film was realized using the previously discovered symmetry of model equations. The calculation results are presented for the dynamics of amplitudes of significant harmonics and for the wave surface evolution.The paper has resulted in finding a specific regime, characterized by an alternate predominance of the first and second harmonics. At certain values of parameters this limiting cycle may have a very large period, during which the solution is attracted to the quasi-steady-state traveling regime, then suddenly transforms, and again tends to the quasi-steady-state with a phase shift of a half wave length.
Double complex salts can be used as precursors for the preparation of bimetallic alloys of high-melting metals upon temperatures less than 600 ºC.

The crystals of the title compounds have been synthesized by mixing together the aqueous solutions of complex salts containing [M A (NH 3 )Cl] 2+ (M A = Co, Rh, Ir) cations and MoO 4 2-or WO 4 2-anions.Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out on a Bruker X8 APEX CCD-based diffractometer with MoKα-radiation at 150 K.All involved complex salts are isostructural and crystallize in the orthorhombic space group Pnma (Z = 4).The compounds have the island crystal structures with the isolated ions.Thermal decomposition in the reducing atmosphere of the double complex salts occurs at temperatures 100-600° K.The XRD analysis of the thermolysis products was performed on an ARL X'TRA diffractometer with CuKα-radiation and shows the solid solutions formation of title metals with particle sizes less than 50 nm.

The final products phase composition is shown to depend on phase diagrams of the respective bimetallic systems.Owing to the fact that those complex salts are isostructural it is possible to prepare the solid solutions and the triple and quadruple alloys after their decomposition.
In this paper we investigate the application of dynamic multi-layer perceptron networks for long haul transmission systems showing performance improvement and significant superiority of neural network complexity over digital back-propagation method.
А method for determining tellurium in tellurium-containing organic compounds (TOC) by a microwave plasmaatomic emission spectrometer Agilent 4100 has been suggested.One of the sample decomposition methods -the oxygen flask combustion or the acid decomposition in a heating block-can be applied.Telluradiazole derivatives and some other TOC with 20 to 58% tellurium content have been analyzed.Elements such as nitrogen, sulfur, potassium, selenium present in the TOC do not prevent from determining tellurium.The relative error of the analysis is 1-5%.
This paper presents an approach to the creation of a variant of Extended Special Relativity that takes into consideration the existence of limiting relativistically invariant quantities (Planck parameters). It shows the possibility of excluding unphysical predictions of relativity theories thanks to the use of the concept of the maximum velocity of the observed motion of objects. It proposes a model of a vacuum-like medium with a kinematical property of relativistically invariant rest. The Planck quantities are considered as fundamental physical constants related to the structure of this medium.
Electronic fluids bring into hydrodynamics a new setting: equipotential flow sources embedded inside the fluid. Here we show that the nonlocal relation between the current and electric field due to momentum-conserving interparticle collisions leads to a total or partial field expulsion from such flows. That results in freely flowing currents in the bulk and a boundary jump in the electric potential at current-injecting electrodes. We derive a new type of boundary conditions, appropriate for the case. We then analyze current distribution in free flows, discuss how the field expulsion depends upon the geometry of the electrode, and link the phenomenon to the breakdown of conformal invariance.
We have synthesized new chiral racemic nitroxide biradical compounds cis-2 and trans-2 and determined their stereochemistry by X-ray crystallographic analyses.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Particularly noteworthy is the fact that the cyclic-nitroxide structure, 2,2,5,5-tetrasubstituted pyrrolidin-1-yloxy (PROXYL) group, is thermally stable enough for repeated heating and cooling cycles below 150 °C in the air.Thus, this type of PROXYL group has turned out to serve as the robust spin and electric dipole sources for elaborating paramagnetic all-organic functional materials usable below 150 °C.In order to improve the magnetic and electric properties of LC compounds 1, we have designed the new nitroxide biradical compounds 2 which are expected to serve as the synthetic intermediates for the preparation of unprecedented all-organic biradical LC compounds (Chart 1).Here we report the highly stereoselective synthesis and stereochemistry of racemic cis-2 and trans-2.The synthetic route for racemic cis-(R*,R*)-2 and trans-(R*,R*)-2 is summarized in Scheme 1.We have elaborated a facile one-step transformation of 1,4-cyclohexanedione dioxime 10 to 1,4-dinitrocyclohexane HETEROCYCLES, Vol.78, No. 12, 2009
The study is aimed at analyzing the applicability of the logging tool with toroidal coils in the sections of deviated oil-and-gas wells. We carried out a three-dimensional finite-difference simulation of the electromagnetic signals in geoelectric models of oil-, gas-, oil-water- and water-saturated reservoirs for the entire set of operating modes, frequencies and positions of the receiver toroidal coils. Characteristic features of the signals were revealed depending on the resistivity contrast and reservoir thickness at various well deviation angles.
We consider the inclusive process where a pair of identified hadrons having large transverse momenta is produced in high-energy proton-proton collisions. We concentrate on the kinematics where the two identified hadrons in the final state are separated by a large interval of rapidity.

In this case the cross section receives large higher-order corrections, which can be resummed in the BFKL approach. We provide a theoretical input for the resummation of such contributions with next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy.

This process has much in common with the widely discussed Mueller-Navelet jets production and can be also used to access the BFKL dynamics at proton colliders.
Specific features of half-plane image formation in a coherent optical spatially noninvariant system of the 2F-2F telecentric type by the projecting objective with a limited aperture are studied (spatial filter is absent). The dependence of the light intensity on the object position at a point corresponding to the half-plane image edge is found in an analytical form using approximation of the Fresnel integrals by analytical functions. As the half-plane approaches the boundary of the field of system vision determined by the objective aperture diameter, the light intensity is demonstrated to deviate significantly, which may lead to the noticeable measurement errors.
It can be expected that the similarity of the patterns of daily expression (shape of the curve) of genes is a reﬂection of the synchronization of gene expression by common external and internal signals or participation in similar biological processes. Diﬀerent signals that have daily dynamics (light, activity, nutrition, stress, temperature, etc.) can aﬀect diﬀerent levels of expression regulation, which can be manifested in various forms of patterns of daily gene expression.

In our research, we used experimental data on gene expression at the level of translation (ribosome profling) in the liver and kidney of a mouse (GSE67305 and GSE81283). To identify genes with a daily rhythm of expression, we used a oneway analysis of variance. To identify similar­in­shape curves of the daily dynamics of gene expression, we propose an approach based on cluster analysis. The distance between the genes was calculated by aligning the phases and fnding the maximum cross­correlation between the patterns of the daily expression of these genes by the cyclic shift. This approach allowed us to identify genes that have not only expression patterns with a single maximum (sinusoidal, asymmetrical, shifted to the left or right, pulsed), but also complex composite signals with several extremes.

As a result, the groups of genes united by the similarity of the shape of the daily expression curve without regard to their phase characteristics were identifed. GO enrichment analysis of groups of genes with sharply different patterns of daily expression (sinusoidal and pulsed) in the mouse kidneys and liver showed that the group of genes with a sinusoidal pattern was more associated with regulation of circadian rhythm and metabolism. The group of genes with a pulsed pattern is largely associated with the protective functions of the organism, which require the quick response. Thus, our studies have confrmed the eﬀectiveness of the proposed approach to the analysis of the diurnal dynamics of gene expression. The identifed dynamic patterns of diurnal expression are important for the further study of complex circadian regulation, synchronization and interaction of biological processes with diurnal dynamics in mammals.
The effect of plasma actuators on Shock Wave / Laminar Boundary Layer Interaction (SWBLI) was studied experimentally on transonic laminar aerofoil. The steady and unsteady characteristics of the separation zone were measured for several flow regimes including the transonic buffet. Multi Sliding Spark Discharge was used for the flow control. Successful suppression of separated flow and laminar transonic buffet by plasma actuators` was demonstrated. An analysis of the discharge pulse energy effect on SWBLI was carried out. The perturbation and thermal spot evolution generated by the discharge was studied in the zone of SWBLI.
8-Oxoguanine (8-oxoG), a mutagenic DNA lesion generated under oxidative stress, differs from its precursor guanine by only two substitutions (O8 and H7). Human 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1) can locate and remove 8-oxoG through extrusion and excision. To date, it remains unclear how OGG1 efficiently distinguishes 8-oxoG from a large excess of undamaged DNA bases. We recently showed that formamidopyrimidine–DNA glycosylase (Fpg), a bacterial functional analog of OGG1, can selectively facilitate eversion of oxoG by stabilizing several intermediate states, and it is intriguing whether OGG1 also employs a similar mechanism in lesion recognition. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to explore the mechanism by which OGG1 discriminates between 8-oxoG and guanine along the base-eversion pathway. The MD results suggest an important role for kinking of the DNA by the glycosylase, which positions DNA phosphates in a way that assists lesion recognition during base eversion. The computational predictions were validated through experimental enzyme assays on phosphorothioate substrate analogs. Our simulations suggest that OGG1 distinguishes between 8-oxoG and G using their chemical dissimilarities not only at the active site but also at earlier stages during base eversion, and this mechanism is at least partially conserved in Fpg despite a lack of structural homology. The similarity also suggests that lesion recognition through multiple gating steps may be a common theme in DNA repair. Our results provide new insight into how enzymes can exploit kinetics and DNA conformational changes to probe the chemical modifications present in DNA lesions.
Композиция на основе оксида алюминия и полидиметилсилоксана -матрица для повышения эффективности доставки лекарственных препаратов М.А.Королев, Л.Н.Рачковская, В.И.Коненков, А.Ю.Летягин, П.Г
The thermal energy needed for maintaining and intensifying hurricanes and monsoons comes from the upper ocean, not just from the thin layer represented by sea surface temperature (SST) alone.

This study examines the benefit of using Ocean Mean Temperature (OMT) to aid in the prediction of the sign of Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) anomalies. This is a statistical examination, rather than a process study. Here, we show that the southwestern Indian OMT down to the depth of the 26 °C isotherm during January–March is a better qualitative predictor of the ISMR than SST. Other January–March mean climate indices (e.g., NINO3.4, Indian Ocean Dipole Mode Index, El Niño Southern Oscillation Modoki Index) have less predictability than OMT percentage deviation (PD).

The success rate in predicting above- or below-average ISMR is 80% for OMT compared to 60% for SST. Thus, OMT PD in the southwestern Indian Ocean provides a better qualitative prediction of ISMR by the end of March and indicates whether the ISMR will be above or below the climatological mean value.
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder increasing premature cardiovascular diseases risk due to atherosclerosis. Pathogenic mutations in the LDLR gene cause most FH cases. Available treatments are effective not for all LDLR mutations. Testing drugs on FH cell models help develop new efficient treatments.

We obtained an iPSC line from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the patient with heterozygous p.Trp443Arg LDLR mutation. The iPSCs with confirmed patient-specific mutations express pluripotency markers, spontaneously differentiate into three germ layers and demonstrate normal karyotype.

Patient-specific iPSCs-derived hepatocyte-like and endothelial cells are promising to develop new targeted therapies for FH.
In this work, we suggest and discuss several new algorithms for iterative image reconstruction in emission tomography.

The new iterative formulas allow varying the rate of convergence and image corruption by adjusting the parameters of the algorithms.
The hallmarks of constitutive heterochromatin, HP1 and H3K9me2/3, assemble heterochromatin-like domains/complexes outside canonical constitutively heterochromatic territories where they regulate chromatin template-dependent processes. Domains are more than 100 kb in size; complexes less than 100 kb. They are present in the genomes of organisms ranging from fission yeast to human, with an expansion in size and number in mammals. Some of the likely functions of domains/complexes include silencing of the donor mating type region in fission yeast, preservation of DNA methylation at imprinted germline differentially methylated regions (gDMRs) and regulation of the phylotypic progression during vertebrate development. Far cis- and trans-contacts between micro-phase separated domains/complexes in mammalian nuclei contribute to the emergence of epigenetic compartmental domains (ECDs) detected in Hi-C maps. A thermodynamic description of micro-phase separation of heterochromatin-like domains/complexes may require a gestalt shift away from the monomer as the “unit of incompatibility” that determines the sign and magnitude of the Flory–Huggins parameter, χ. Instead, a more dynamic structure, the oligo-nucleosomal “clutch”, consisting of between 2 and 10 nucleosomes is both the long sought-after secondary structure of chromatin and its unit of incompatibility. Based on this assumption we present a simple theoretical framework that enables an estimation of χ for domains/complexes flanked by euchromatin and thereby an indication of their tendency to phase separate. The degree of phase separation is specified by χN, where N is the number of “clutches” in a domain/complex. Our approach could provide an additional tool for understanding the biophysics of the 3D genome.
Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is an aquaglyceroporin expressed in erythrocytes and several other tissues. Erythrocytes are, together with kidney and liver, the main targets for copper toxicity. Here we report that both water and glycerol permeability of human AQP3 is inhibited by copper. Inhibition is fast, dose-dependent, and reversible. If copper is dissolved in carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer, the natural buffer system in our body, doses in the range of those observed in Wilson disease and in copper poisoning caused significant inhibition. AQP7, another aquaglyceroporin, was insensitive to copper. Three extracellular amino acid residues, Trp128, Ser152, and His241, were identified as responsible for the effect of copper on AQP3. We have previously shown that Ser152 is involved in regulation of AQP3 by pH. The fact that Ser152 mediates regulation of AQP3 by copper may explain the phenomenon of exquisite sensitivity of human erythrocytes to copper at acidic pH. When AQP3 was co-expressed with another AQP, only glycerol but not water permeability was inhibited by copper. Our results provide a better understanding of processes that occur in severe copper metabolism defects such as Wilson disease and in copper poisoning.
The MBD4 enzyme initiates the process of DNA demethylation by the excision of modified DNA bases, resulting in the formation of apurinic/apyrimidinic sites. MBD4 contains a methyl-CpG-binding domain which provides the localization of the enzyme at the CpG sites, and a DNA glycosylase domain that is responsible for the catalytic activity.

The aim of this work was to clarify the mechanisms of specific site recognition and formation of catalytically active complexes between model DNA substrates and the catalytic N-glycosylase domain MBD4cat. The conformational changes in MBD4cat and DNA substrates during their interaction were recorded in real time by stopped-flow detection of the fluorescence of tryptophan residues in the enzyme and fluorophores in DNA. A kinetic scheme of MBD4cat interaction with DNA was proposed, and the rate constants for the formation and decomposition of transient reaction intermediates were calculated. Using DNA substrates of different lengths, the formation of the catalytically active complex was shown to follow the primary DNA binding step which is responsible for the search and recognition of the modified base.

The results reveal that in the primary complex of MBD4cat with DNA containing modified nucleotides, local melting and bending of the DNA strand occur. On the next step, when the catalytically competent conformation of the enzyme-substrate complex is formed, the modified nucleotide is everted from the double DNA helix into the active center and the void in the helix is filled by the enzyme's amino acids.