Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Substitution reactions of binuclear niobium cluster anion [Nb 2 S 4 (NCS) 8 ] 4– with different types of pyridine‐based diimine ligands have been carried out. In the case of 2,2′‐bipyridine (bipy) and its derivatives, only monosubstituted complexes [Nb 2 S 4 (NCS) 6 L] 2– have been isolated. In the case of 1,10‐phenanthroline and 2‐(2‐pyridyl)benzimidazole (Hpbz), both mono‐ and disubstituted complexes, [Nb 2 S 4 (NCS) 6 L] 2– and [Nb 2 S 4 (NCS) 4 L 2 ], respectively, have been obtained.

Crystal structures of (Et 4 N) 2 [Nb 2 S 4 (NCS) 6 (bipy)] · 0.5bipy · 0.7CH 3 CN and [Nb 2 S 4 (pbmz) 2 (NCS) 4 ] · 5DMF · 0.8H 2 O have been determined. All compounds have been characterized by NMR, ESI mass spectrometry, IR, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and CV.

TiO 2 nanoparticles modified with (Et 4 N) 2 [Nb 2 S 4 (NCS) 6 (bipy)] show moderate photocatalytic activity in the reaction of H 2 generation from water in the presence of Na 2 S/Na 2 SO 3 as a sacrificial electron donor system. The linear and nonlinear optical properties of the complexes with bipyridine ligands have been studied; the complexes function as broad‐band optical limiters.
Iridium-based film precursor chemistry, nucleation and growth at CVD/ALD are reviewed with numerical characterization of the growth features in 3D objects.
Objective: To study genetic determinants in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on the background of arterial hypertension (AH) in combination with various extracardiac comorbid pathology. Methods: In a prospective cohort study included 167 patients with paroxysmal and persistent forms of AF and stage II hypertension without CAD. The average age of the patients studied was 53.3±7.1 years. DNA isolation from blood leukocytes was carried out by phenol-chloroform extraction. Testing polymorphism rs2200733, polymorphism 174G/C (174G/C (rs1800795) gene IL6), the IL6 gene performed with PCR with RFLP. Testing of statistical hypotheses was carried out at a critical level of significance p=0.05, i.e. the difference was considered statistically significant at p<0.05. The lower limit of the evidential power was taken equal to 80%. Results: This study shows associations of polymorphisms 174G/C (rs1800795) of the IL6 gene, the IL6 gene and rs2200733 chromosome 4q25 with AF on the background of comorbidities: AH, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypothyroidism, T2DM, abdominal obesity. Associations of polymorphism 174G/C (rs1800795) of the IL6 gene with the risk of recurrence of AF on the background of individual comorbidities were also found; polymorphism rs2200733 chromosome 4q25 with triglyceride levels, index atherogenicity, creatinine, fibrinogen, with the number of months before the development of relapse; 174G/C (rs1800795) of the IL6 gene – with HDL cholesterol levels, creatinine, diastolic blood pressure, galectin-3. Conclusion: The results contributes to the study of such a complex phenomenon as the secondary form of atrial fibrillation, contributes to the accumulation of knowledge, bringing closer the time when therapeutic interventions will be individualized, based on an understanding of the pathological process in each patien Keywords: Atrial fibrillation, polymorphism, rs2200733, 174G/C (rs1800795) of the IL6 gene, IL6, extracardiac pathology.
To increase the sensitivity and specificity of the developed methods for diagnosis of oncological diseases using exosomes of blood, a stage of pre-selection of tumor exosomes from a common pool of circulating microvesicles is required.

In the present work, universal proteins have been identified, their expression has been increased in the exosomes of patients with colorectal cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, and lung cancer.

The use of antibodies against major exosomal proteins will further develop a simple and high-performance method of affinity isolation of tumor exosomes.
We introduce and analyse a new model of a multiple access transmission system with a non-standard «minimal feedback» information. We assume that time is slotted and that arriving messages form a renewal process. At the beginning of any time slot n, each message present in the system makes a transmission attempt with a (common) probability pn that depends on the system information from the past. Given that Bn ≥ 1 messages make the attempt, each of them is successfully transmitted and leaves the system with probability qB n , independently of everything else, and stays in the system otherwise. Here {qi} is a sequence of probabilities such that qi 0 > 0 and qi = 0 for i > i0, for some i0 ≥ 1. We assume that, at any time slot n, the only information available from the past is whether i0 messages were successfully transmitted or not. We call this the «minimal feedback» (information). In particular, if i0 = 1 and q1 = 1, then this is the known «success-nonsuccess» feedback. A transmission algorithm, or protocol, is a rule that determines the probabilities {pn}.

The proposed protocols implement the idea of 'triple randomization' that develops the idea of 'double randomization' introduced earlier by Foss, Hajek and Turlikov (2016).

We analyse conditions for existence of algorithms that stabilise the dynamics of the system. We also estimate the rates of convergence to stability.
In world archaeology, there has always been a problem regarding the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition. Late twentieth-century research has attempted to address this issue through the recognition of Initial Upper Palaeolithic (IUP) lithic industries. These assemblages were first characterised through evidence from the sites of Boker Tachtit and Ksar Akil (the Levant), and they are now identified in many regions of Eurasia, including Central Asia, the Near East, the Altai Mountains, Transbaikalia, Mongolia and northern China. A characteristic IUP assemblage has also been recently found in Kazakhstan (Ushbulak-1) (Shunkov et al . 2016). Large blades and elongated pointed flakes dominate these assemblages, and there is a prevalence of Upper Palaeolithic tool types in tool sets.
In spite of the axisymmetric formulation, asymmetric states are observed for moderate and high Re.

We perform direct numerical simulations of the annular laminar jet flows for two inner-to-outer diameter (blockage) ratios br = d / D = 0.5, 0.9 in the range of the Reynolds number based on the bulk velocity inside the nozzle and its outer diameter Re = 200 – 400. A gradual increase of the Reynolds number allow building a regime map.

The symmetry-asymmetry transition Reynolds number decreases with the increase of br, while the steady-unsteady transition Reynolds numbers are close for both br. The degree of asymmetry increases with the increase of Re, leading to a shift of the global stagnation point from the axis of symmetry.
The parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) phenomenon, observed when parahydrogen is used in H2 addition processes, provides a means for substantial NMR signal enhancements and mechanistic studies of chemical reactions. Commonly, noble metal complexes are used for parahydrogen activation, whereas metal-free activation is rare.

Herein, we report a series of unimolecular metal-free frustrated Lewis pairs based on an ansa-aminoborane (AAB) moiety in the context of PHIP. These molecules, which have a "molecular tweezers" structure, differ in their substituents at the boryl site (-H, -Ph, -o-iPr-Ph, and -Mes). PHIP effects were observed for all the AABs after exposing their solutions to parahydrogen in a wide temperature range, and experimental measurements of their kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were performed. A theoretical analysis of their nuclear spin polarization effects is presented, and the roles of chemical exchange, chemical equilibrium and spin dynamics are discussed in terms of the key dimensionless parameters. In addition, we performed quantum chemical calculations, which confirmed that the J-coupling between the parahydrogen-originated protons in AAB-H2 molecules is mediated through dihydrogen bonding.

The analysis allowed us to formulate the prerequisites for achieving strong polarization effects with AAB molecules, which can be applied for further design of efficient metal-free tweezers-like molecules for PHIP. Mechanistic (chemical and physical) aspects of the observed effects are discussed in detail.
We report on a robust and low-cost parahydrogen generator design employing liquid nitrogen as a coolant. The core of the generator consists of catalyst-filled spiral copper tubing, which can be pressurized to 35 atm. Parahydrogen fraction >48% was obtained at 77 K with three nearly identical generators using paramagnetic hydrated iron oxide catalysts. Parahydrogen quantification was performed on the fly via benchtop NMR spectroscopy to monitor the signal from residual orthohydrogen–parahydrogen is NMR silent. This real-time quantification approach was also used to evaluate catalyst activation at up to 1.0 standard liter per minute flow rate. The reported inexpensive device can be employed for a wide range of studies employing parahydrogen as a source of nuclear spin hyperpolarization. To this end, we demonstrate the utility of this parahydrogen generator for hyperpolarization of concentrated sodium [1-13C]pyruvate, a metabolic contrast agent under investigation in numerous clinical trials. The reported pilot optimization of SABRE-SHEATH (signal amplification by reversible exchange–shield enables alignment transfer to heteronuclei) hyperpolarization yielded 13C signal enhancement of over 14,000-fold at a clinically relevant magnetic field of 1 T corresponding to approximately 1.2% 13C polarization—if near 100% parahydrogen would have been employed, the reported value would be tripled to 13C polarization of 3.5%.
DNA editing deaminases (APOBECs) are implicated in generation of mutations in somatic cells during tumorigenesis. APOBEC-dependent mutagenesis is thought to occur during transient exposure of unprotected single-stranded DNA. Mutations frequently occur in clusters (kataegis).

We investigated mechanisms of mutant generation in growing and resting diploid yeast expressing APOBEC from sea lamprey, PmCDA1, whose kataegistic effect was previously shown to be associated with transcription. We have found that the frequency of canavanine-resistant mutants kept raising after growth cessation, while the profile of transcription remained unchanged. Surprisingly, the overall number of mutations in the genomes did not elevate in resting cells. We found that the elevated recovery of can1 mutant clones in non-growing cells is the result of loss of heterozygosity leading to clusters of homozygous mutations in the chromosomal regions distal to the reporter gene. We confirmed that recombination frequency in resting cells was elevated by orders of magnitude, suggesting that cells were transiently committed to meiotic levels of recombination, a process referred to in yeast genetics as return-to-growth. Distribution of mutations along chromosomes indicated that PmCDA1 was active during ongoing recombination events and sometimes produced characteristic kataegis near initial breakpoints. AID and APOBEC1 behaved similar to PmCDA1.

We conclude that replication, transcription and mitotic recombination contribute to the recovered APOBEC-induced mutations in resting diploids. The mechanism is relevant to the initial stages of oncogenic transformation in terminally differentiated cells, when recombination may lead to the loss of heterozygosity exposing recessive mutations induced by APOBECs in cell's history and to acquisition of new mutations near original break.
Rectangular microchannels are most common configuration in microfluidics. They can be used in many industries, for example in lab-on-chip devices. Despite standard fluid dynamics, microfluidics has a significant impact of wall boundary conditions on fluid flow. And in microfluidics, we cannot simply set no-slip boundary conditions if our goal is accurate modeling results. In rectangular microchannels, there is another important moment in modeling that is not present in circular pipes. The velocity profile of the fluid depends on the shear stress at the edges and the velocities at the walls of the microchannel change at different points of the cross-sectional wall of the microchannel. The fluid velocity is lower at the corners of a rectangular microchannel. In this paper, a solution is proposed to find a more accurate way to model the fluid flow in a rectangular microchannel by knowing the friction factor without shear stress distribution.
The Tatun Volcanic Group (TVG) is proximal to the metropolis of Taipei City (population of ca. 7 million) and has long been a major concern due to the potential risks from volcanic activity to the population and critical infrastructure. While the TVG has been previously considered a dormant or extinct volcano, recent evidence suggests a much younger age of the last eruption event (~ 6000 years) and possible existence of a magma reservoir beneath the TVG. However, the location, dimension, and detailed geometry of the magma reservoir and plumbing system remains largely unknown. To examine the TVG volcanic plumbing structure in detail, the local P-wave travel time data and the teleseismic waveform data from a new island-wide Formosa Array Project are combined for a 3D tomographic joint inversion. The new model reveals a magma reservoir with a notable P-wave velocity reduction of 19% (ca. ~ 19% melt fraction) at 8–20 km beneath eastern TVG and with possible northward extension to a shallower depth near where active submarine volcanoes that have been detected. Enhanced tomographic images also reveal sporadic magmatic intrusion/underplating in the lower crust of Husehshan Range and northern Taiwan. These findings suggest an active volcanic plumbing system induced by post-collisional extension associated with the collapse of the orogen.
We apply deep reinforcement learning to active closed-loop control of a two-dimensional flow over a cylinder oscillating around its axis with a time-dependent angular velocity representing the only control parameter. Experimenting with the angular velocity, the neural network is able to devise a control strategy based on low frequency harmonic oscillations with some additional modulations to stabilize the Kármán vortex street at a low Reynolds number Re=100. We examine the convergence issue for two reward functions showing that later epoch number does not always guarantee a better result. The performance of the controller provide the drag reduction of 14% or 16% depending on the employed reward function. The additional efforts are very low as the maximum amplitude of the angular velocity is equal to 8% of the incoming flow in the first case while the latter reward function returns an impressive 0.8% rotation amplitude which is comparable with the state-of-the-art adjoint optimization results. A detailed comparison with a flow controlled by harmonic oscillations with fixed amplitude and frequency is presented, highlighting the benefits of a feedback loop.
We are concerned with a hydrodynamical model of layered structures at the presence of an electric current.

We formulate a linearized stability problem for layered structures

prove that the solutions of this problem grow infinitely, which means the destruction of layered structures at the presence of the small-amplitude alternating electric current.
The effective actions for both local and global curved vortices are derived, based on the derivative expansion of the corresponding field theoretic actions of the nonrelativistic Abelian Higgs and Goldstone models.

The role of excitations of the modulus and the phase of the scalar field and of the gauge field (the Bogolyubov-Anderson mode) emitted and reabsorbed by vortices is elucidated. In case of the local (gauge) magnetic vortex, they are necessary for cancellation of the long distance divergence when using the transverse form of the electric gauge field strength of the background field. In case of global vortex taking them into account results in the Greiter-Wilczek-Witten form of the effective action for the Goldstone mode.

The expressions for transverse Magnus-like force and the vortex effective mass for both local and global vortices are found. The equations of motion of both type of vortices including the terms due to the field excitations are obtained and solved in cases of large and small contour displacements.
Centromeres are essential for correct chromosome segregation during cell division and are determined by the presence of centromere-specific histone 3 (CENH3). Most of the diploid plant species, in which the structure and copy number of CENH3 genes have been determined, have this gene as a singleton; however, some cereal species in the tribe Triticeae have been found to have CENH3 in two variants.

In this work, using the set of the wheat-rye addition lines we wanted to establish the chromosomal assignment of the CENH3 genes in the cultivated rye, Secale cereale (Linnaeus, 1753), in order to expand our knowledge about synteny conservation in the most important cereal species and about their chromosome evolution. To this end, we have also analyzed data in available genome sequencing databases.

As a result, the αCENH3 and βCENH3 forms have been assigned to rye chromosomes 1R and 6R: specifically, the commonest variants αCENH3v1 and βCENH3v1 to chromosome 1R, and the rare variants, αCENH3v2 and probably βCENH3v2, to chromosome 6R. No other CENH3 variants have been found by analysis of the rye genome sequencing databases. Our chromosomal assignment of CENH3 in rye has been found to be the same as that in barley, suggesting that both main forms of CENH3 appeared in a Triticeae species before the barley and wheatrye lineages split.
Background. Active ribosomal genes and DNA repair genes play an important role in restoring genome integrity. Therefore we were studied relationship of active ribosomal genes dose and DNA repair genes polymorphisms with high level of chromosomal disorders in miners. Materials and methods. The DNA damage level was assessed using chromosomal aberrations (CA) at 288 coal miners and 676 men in the control group. The dose of active ribosomal gene (AcRG) has been analyzed using Ag-NORS staining regions of chromosomes and cytogenetic semi-quantitative evaluation method. Real-time PCR and allele-specific PCR techniques were used to analyze polymorphic variants of the XPG (rs17655), XPD (rs13181), XRCC2 (rs3218536), and XRCC3 (rs861539) genes. Results. A statistically significant (p = 0.0001) increase of the СА level at miners was found in comparison with the control group. The association XPD 2251TG locus with increasing CA level is revealed of in recessive inheritance model (padj = 0.0001). The association XPG 3310GC locus with increasing СА level is revealed at the smoking workers (padj = 0.017). An average dose of AcRG was registered a statistically significant increase in the frequency of single fragments (p = 0.016) at the miners. Conclusion. The obtained data on associations of chromosomal aberrations with different variants of DNA repair genes and the dose of active ribosomal genes are useful for the formation of high-risk groups.
The flow structure in a three-dimensional (3D) wave on the surface of a vertically falling liquid film is investigated.

Measurements of the film thickness and two-component (2C) velocity fields in the entire volume of the wave are conducted simultaneously for the first time. For this purpose, optical methods such as laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and light-field particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) are applied.

The existence of regions where liquid outflows from the 3D wave and inflows to the 3D wave occur is experimentally shown. Moreover, it is shown that the main regions of transverse liquid flows are lying under the main hump of the 3D wave. Additionally, backflows against gravity are found in some areas of the capillary precursor.
The basic tasks of research administration are the registration and monitoring of projects execution. Currently, in Russia there are no centralized solutions for that purpose because of different requirements and regulations in national scientific foundations. The Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation initiated a pilot project for creating a prototype of a system for aggregating the information about research projects. The required system fits well with the CRIS model that harvests current heterogeneous research data from different sources, processes them and stores in a database, which finally provides aggregated information about national scientific research. In this paper some modelling, classifying and integration issues of this project are considered.
based on the previous studies

A new method of the cyclic process of boiling-condensation of hydrate-forming gas in a closed volume was developed at Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics

This method compares favorably with previously developed techniques by its simplicity because it does not require a constant supply of gas and there is no need for a mixing device
Aim . To identify the factors of long-term adverse prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndrome as a result of five-year follow-up. Material and methods . The study included 280 patients with ACS hospitalized in the 1st cardiology Department of the Novosibirsk municipal CLINICAL hospital № 1 in 2010-2011. The study cohort included 145 patients with ACS (107 men and 38 women), 135 patients with ACS (93 men and 43 women). The average age of men was 56,3±5,2, women 52,1±5,3 years. The criteria of the European society of cardiology (2015, 2017) were used for the diagnosis of ACS. For five years, all patients included in the study were contacted through communication and annual medical examinations, to which patients were invited to the clinic. The examinations included the following clinical and instrumental examinations: clinical examination, electrocardiography, Holter monitoring of electrocardiogram, echocardiography, lipid profile, inflammatory cytokines and molecular genetic parameters. In the study, a mathematical model for predicting five-year outcomes Oxpt and Oxbt. Results . Five-year observation allowed using the constructed mathematical model to determine not only the place of each factor in the cardiovascular prognosis, but also to assess how the role of these prognostic markers changes over time. Conclusion . The use of a mathematical model for predicting long-term adverse outcomes of ACS allows to assess the value of specific risk factors and predictors, respectively, makes a significant contribution to the optimization of secondary prevention and personalized approach to treatment. At the same time, the influence of the identified predictors weakens in proportion to the increase in the number of years from a vascular accident. Thus, the identified risk factors have the maximum impact in the first year after ACS, in subsequent years, the role of these factors is reduced, which is probably due not only to the importance of the factors themselves, but also to the addition of other risk factors to the overall picture of the disease of patients. Nevertheless, the use of this model is necessary to solve the problem of reducing cardiovascular risk.