Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a multistep process that recognizes and eliminates a wide spectrum of damage causing significant distortions in the DNA structure, such as UV-induced damage and bulky chemical adducts. The consequences of defective NER are apparent in the clinical symptoms of individuals affected by three disorders associated with reduced NER capacities: xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), Cockayne syndrome (CS), and trichothiodystrophy (TTD). These disorders have in common increased sensitivity to UV irradiation, greatly elevated cancer incidence (XP), and multi-system immunological and neurological disorders.

The eucaryotic NER system eliminates DNA damage by the excision of 24-32 nt single-strand oligonucleotides from a damaged strand, followed by restoration of an intact double helix by DNA repair synthesis and DNA ligation. About 30 core polypeptides are involved in the entire repair process. NER consists of two pathways distinct in initial damage sensor proteins: transcription-coupled repair (TC-NER) and global genome repair (GG-NER).

The article reviews current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying damage recognition and its elimination from mammalian DNA.
The effect of rotation angles on a direct methanol fuel cell's performance and carbon dioxide behavior is experimentally studied. For this purpose, a transparent window was added to the anode plate of the cell. The anode plate, with 14 parallel rectangular channels, is used in the test. The cross-sectional area of the channels is 2 mm × 2 mm, the ribs are 2 mm in width, and the channel is 52 mm long. By rotating the cell clockwise and counterclockwise in the vertical plane, the cell performance is investigated and compared to that in the vertical direction (0°). The experimental results show that when the cell is rotated the bubble size increases with the rotation angles and the bubbles slowly escape into the channels. The gas slugs move fast in the outlet manifold and the length becomes short when the cell is rotated in the clockwise direction. When the cell is rotated counterclockwise, gas columns appear at the exit side of the upper parts of the flow field. The amount of flow channels appearing in the gas columns increases with the rotation angles. In addition, the cell voltage is higher when the cell is rotated in the clockwise compared to the counterclockwise direction under the same rotation angle.
Among the many diseases of spring wheat caused by pathogenic fungi, loose smut Ustilago tritici (Pers.) Jens. remains to be a dangerous disease with a wide range of distribution. In fields where there is no control over the emergence and spread of the disease, the yield reduction can be up to 10 %, and in the case of highly susceptible varieties, up to 40–50 %. Taking into account the increasing cost of seed protectants and their environmental damage, the cultivation of varieties resistant to loose smut is still the most affordable way to protect plants, reducing the pesticide load on agrocenoses. The crucial point in breeding for resistance is the use of resistant varieties as parental forms. The aim of our research was to isolate samples of spring wheat that are immune to loose smut against the background of artificial infection of plants with a population specific to the West Siberian region. The article presents the results of long-lasting studies of 350 genotypes of spring wheat of different ecological and geographical origin for resistance to disease. Physiological specialization of races was carried out on the basis of a differentiating set consisting of six varieties of soft wheat and three varieties of durum spring wheat. The obtained results in combination with literature data reveal changes in the racial composition of the pathogen population over the past 30–35 years. Varieties of foreign and domestic selection resistant to the West Siberian population of loose smut have been identified. Based on the analysis of pedigree samples, highly and practically resistant to loose smut, we concluded that in breeding for immunity to U. tritici , the same sources of resistance genes are most often used. Among the gene pool of spring wheat of foreign selection, the largest number of genotypes resistant to loose smut is assigned to the countries of the North American geographical zone (USA, Canada, Mexico). These are largely samples containing Ut1 genes, genes from spring wheat ‘Thatcher’ and its sister line ‘DC II-21-44’. Resistance genes in Russian wheat varieties can be traced from cultivars Beloturka, Poltavka, Selivanovsky Hare (using Saratovskaya 29 and its derivatives), and genes from wheatgrass lines AGIS 1 and Grecum 114.
This article presents the estimation of turbulent Schmidt number in a model gas turbine combustor. Different gases are used as the model fuel while maintaining the mass flow rate. The simplest closure models for Reynolds stress and turbulent flux are considered. The anisotropy of turbulent viscosity is demonstrated.
Usage of the optimization algorithms for the service of requests for repair in certain examples. The methodology for developing a model of an ecologically plastic variety of agricultural crops is based on an integrated approach and is built using the following mathematical and software-algorithmic methods: multifactorial correlation and cluster analyzes, calculating the integral assessment coefficient of samples depending on the share contributions of valuable traits, assessing the stability of genotypes by the value of the selection index methods of static and dynamic concept. The general provisions of the method are determined, the results of which make it possible to determine the criteria for a future variety, a complex of qualitative, quantitative, morph-physiological and technological characteristics. A database was created based on the results of field tests for 2018-2020. three varieties of spring wheat and four forms of spring triticale. The database contains digitized data of phenological observations and structural analysis of the studied samples for the period of research and serves to identify the relationships of characters, determine their contribution to productivity and retrospective analysis of breeding data. In accordance with the stages of modeling with the help of the developed software, the elements of the model of an ecologically plastic variety of spring triticale were determined by 14 features. The proposed optimal parameters of the model will increase the efficiency of selection of economically valuable genotypes and targeted selection for adaptability to the conditions of the region to create new high-yielding varieties of spring triticale.
The presented study examines the problem of the reliability of experimental data, which is acute in the field of psychology and neurophysiology. The problem is related to the fact that the participation of a human subject in one experiment from a series of experiments can affect his behavior in the next experiment, cause undesirable distortions in the obtained experimental data and, as a result, lead to false conclusions. It is shown that the test-retest method gives the most qualitative assessment of the reliability and this estimate is in good agreement with the results of calculating the reliability by the method of interclass correlation coefficients. Data obtained in a neurophysiological experiment on social interaction is used as the initial data.
For the generation of spin-polarized photocurrents in topological insulators, a coupling between photon angular momentum and electron spin is often assumed. Such a coupling seems to be supported by dichroism reported in $E({k}_{y})$-intensity maps in photoemission. We show in three dimensional two-photon photoemission and one-step photoemission calculations that the circular dichroism is in fact threefold in $E({k}_{x},{k}_{y})$ maps although it may appear antisymmetric in $E({k}_{y})$. The threefold symmetry is inconsistent with the previously assumed coupling between photon momentum and electron's chiral spin via the orbital momentum. Instead it reflects the surface point group. The only antisymmetric patterns appear in the energy range in which surface and bulk states hybridize. In general, a threefold-symmetric dichroic signal does not support unidirectional photocurrents. Nevertheless, the residual asymmetry of up to 3.5% in our photoemission spectra is compatible with previously observed helicity-dependent photocurrents.
Summary An aberrant chromosome 1 carrying an inverted fragment with two amplified DNA regions was isolated from wild populations of Mus musculus . Meiotic drive favouring the aberrant chromosome was demonstrated for heterozygous females. Its cause was preferential passage of aberrant chromosome 1 to the oocyte. Genetic analysis allowed us to identify a two-component system conditioning deviation from equal segregation of the homologues. The system consists of a postulated distorter and responder. The distorter is located on chromosome 1 distally to the responder, between the ln and Pep-3 genes, and it acts on the responder when in trans position. Polymorphism of the distorters was manifested as variation in their effect on meiotic drive level in the laboratory strain and mice from wild populations.
The aim of the study was to investigate Klotho protein levels in men with type 2 diabetes blood and its associations with several cardiometabolic risk factors.

Material and methods. The study included 37 men with diabetes and 141 men without diabetes. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure Klotho protein levels and some biochemical parameters. Results and its discussion. The Klotho protein level in men with diabetes was significantly lower than in men without diabetes (374 [117; 500] and 515 [315; 1009] pg/dl, p<0.0001). Among the examined men with diabetes with a glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 ml/min/1.73 cm 2 , the concentration of Klotho protein was 4 times lower than in the comparison group (104 [93; 118] and 413 [147; 535] pg/dl, p = 0.014) In men with diabetes, the Klotho protein was inversely correlated with the ratio of waist to hip circumference (-0.329; p = 0.047). But with multivariate analysis, only a tendency towards a negative association of the Klotho protein with abdominal obesity was determined (-0.385, p = 0.078).

Conclusion. The content of Klotho protein in men with diabetes is significantly lower, especially in middle-aged men and in those with a reduced glomerular filtration rate. In men with diabetes, the Klotho protein has a negative correlation with the presence of abdominal obesity. In a multivariate analysis among men with diabetes, the Klotho protein tends to be inversely associated with the presence of abdominal obesity.
Nanostructured silver films are considered as an important material for biomedical applications due to their unique optical and antiviral/bactericidal properties. The character of silver films depends on morphology, structure and thicknesses, which are determined by the method and regime of synthesis.

In present work we show that a relative thick silver film obtained by pulsed laser deposition has an interesting porous nanocolumnar morphology. Optical properties of the produced samples are investigated.

An empirical dependence for determining the thickness of the silver coating from the optical transmission spectra is proposed.
Evaporation of a sessile nanoliter water droplet was investigated experimentally at a temperature difference between the solid substrate and surrounding atmosphere from 30 to 50°C.

The studies were performed on the float glass substrate with aluminum nanocoating of optical quality.

The research has shown that the specific rate of evaporation (mass loss per unit of the drop surface area) increases with the decrease in droplet volume and at the last stage several times exceeds the initial value.
Two-phase Cryogenic Avalanche Detectors (CRADs) with combined THGEM/GAPD-matrix multiplier have become an emerging technique in rare-event experiments such as those of coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering and dark matter search. In this work we continue to study the performance of the two-phase CRAD in Ar with THGEM/GAPD-matrix charge/optical readout. The matrix was composed of a 3×3 array of GAPDs (Geiger-mode APDs), optically recording THGEM-hole avalanches in the Near Infrared (NIR). Gain, time, amplitude and spatial resolution properties of the combined multiplier are described.
Preface These Conference Proceedings contain the selected papers of the International Conference «Marchuk Scientific Readings 2021» (MSR-2021) held on October 4 - 8, 2021, in Akademgorodok, Novosibirsk, Russia. The purpose of the «Marchuk Scientific Readings» conference series is to gather specialists in numerical analysis, applied mathematics, mathematical modeling, computational technologies, information systems, artificial intelligence, and machine learning to discuss, identify and systematize current results, applications, and promising directions in computational mathematics and computer science. Due to the risk of spreading coronavirus infection, the meeting took place virtually. The organizers were located in the Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russia). Morning sessions were devoted to the conference sections’ invited oral (20 minutes) and oral (15 minutes) presentations. The Plenary talks (30 minutes) were delivered on the afternoon sessions. Within the timeframe of a talk, there was a possibility to ask and answer several questions from the audience. Technologically, the meeting was carried out on the Zoom platform. Plenary talks were broadcast on youtube.com. This conference was the second one carried out with the help of the Zoom platform, and most of the technical issues were already solved in the previous year. In pandemic conditions, the virtual conference seems to be the most appropriate format to share the research results without exposing the community to the risk of infection. List of Program committee is available in this pdf.
The decay ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\psi}(2S){K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ is analyzed using $3\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of $pp$ collision data collected with the LHCb detector.

A model-independent description of the $\ensuremath{\psi}(2S)\ensuremath{\pi}$ mass spectrum is obtained, using as input the $K\ensuremath{\pi}$ mass spectrum and angular distribution derived directly from data, without requiring a theoretical description of resonance shapes or their interference.

The hypothesis that the $\ensuremath{\psi}(2S)\ensuremath{\pi}$ mass spectrum can be described in terms of $K\ensuremath{\pi}$ reflections alone is rejected with more than $8\ensuremath{\sigma}$ significance. This provides confirmation, in a model-independent way, of the need for an additional resonant component in the mass region of the $Z(4430{)}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ exotic state.
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) comprise a powerful tool for mapping genes of complex traits. However, an inflation of the test statistic can occur because of population substructure or cryptic relatedness, which could cause spurious associations. If information on a large number of genetic markers is available, adjusting the analysis results by using the method of genomic control (GC) is possible. GC was originally proposed to correct the Cochran-Armitage additive trend test. For non-additive models, correction has been shown to depend on allele frequencies. Therefore, usage of GC is limited to situations where allele frequencies of null markers and candidate markers are matched.

In this work, we extended the capabilities of the GC method for non-additive models, which allows us to use null markers with arbitrary allele frequencies for GC. Analytical expressions for the inflation of a test statistic describing its dependency on allele frequency and several population parameters were obtained for recessive, dominant, and over-dominant models of inheritance. We proposed a method to estimate these required population parameters. Furthermore, we suggested a GC method based on approximation of the correction coefficient by a polynomial of allele frequency and described procedures to correct the genotypic (two degrees of freedom) test for cases when the model of inheritance is unknown. Statistical properties of the described methods were investigated using simulated and real data.

We demonstrated that all considered methods were effective in controlling type 1 error in the presence of genetic substructure. The proposed GC methods can be applied to statistical tests for GWAS with various models of inheritance. All methods developed and tested in this work were implemented using R language as a part of the GenABEL package.
In this study we considered the effect of formation of cerebral bypass for the real clinical case.

Three configurations of vessels of the circle of Willis for the real patient was constructed in the pre-operative, post-operative and the alternative (virtual--without bypass formation) treatment cases. All calculations were carried out in the commercial software ANSYS CFX 17.2. The changes of hemodynamic parameters (blood flow velocity, WSS and viscous dissipation energy values) before and after operation as well as after alternative treatment were analysed.

It is shown that after installation of the bypass the stagnation zone in patient`s vessel was formed with the consequent thrombus formation that required an urgent re-operation. For the first time, a quantitative difference in hemodynamic characteristics between cases of the real and virtual (alternative) methods of the operation was shown.
A new zinc coordination polymer with rigid benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate (bdc) and flexible 1,6-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)hexane (btrh), namely poly[[(μ 2 -benzene-1,4-dicarboxylato)[μ 2 -1,6-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)hexane]zinc] dimethylformamide monosolvate], [Zn(C 8 H 4 O 4 )(C 10 H 16 N 6 )]·C 3 H 7 NO, was synthesized. According to the single-crystal XRD analysis, the product crystallizes in the P -1 space group and has a layered structure. Analysis of the layered structure reveals {Zn(bdc)} chains which are connected by pairs of btrh ligands. The layers are packed tightly perpendicular to the [1-22] direction, separated by one non-disordered dimethylformamide solvent molecule per formula unit. According to thermogravimetric analysis, the product completely loses this solvent at 453 K; the desolvated compound is stable up to 503 K. As a result of the lack of hydrogen-donor groups, hydrogen bonds are not observed in the structure of the complex; however, an intermolecular C—H...π contact of 3.07 Å occurs.
Modern technology and the level of fundamental studies allow us to create the medical sorbents with the predetermined structural, mechanical and adsorptional properties. Sorption materials are interesting not only as detoxicants that are used to remove toxic agents from the liquid media, but also as carriers for a delivery in zones a therapeutic effect of biologically active substances. The aim of this work is the substantiation of structure of the multifunctional drug with anti-bacterial and detoxifying effects due to the complex of silver and the sorption component – alumina-silica-containing sorbent.

Materials and methods. We used physico-chemical (sorption activity of methylene blue dye, specific surface, pH in contact with water, atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma) and pharmaceutical methods (bulk density, dissolution test for solid dosage forms). Results and discussion. The two-stage method of immobilization of a complex of silver and water repellent on the surface sorption matrix was justified. The sample of the optimum composition of silver-containing drugs was selected: aluminium oxide-hydroxide – 99.2%, clustered silver (Argovit – C – 2%) – 0.3 %, based on silver and subsidiary substance (repellents – brand PMS P – 841) – 0.5 %. The output of silver into the solution from the specified sample composition for 8 hours did not exceed 1,6 ± 0,3%, the value of specific surface area of 90 m2/ g, the value of pH to 8.1 ± 0.02, bulk density 1.12 ± 0.11 g/cm3.

Conclusion. An experimentally substantiated composition of silver-containing drug AlSi/Ag was received, a comprehensive scientific data of its physico-chemical and technological properties were obtained.
Background The rapid growth of scientific literature has rendered the task of finding relevant information one of the critical problems in almost any research. Search engines, like Google Scholar, Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, and others, are highly effective in document search; however, they do not allow knowledge extraction. In contrast to the search engines, text-mining systems provide extraction of knowledge with representations in the form of semantic networks. Of particular interest are tools performing a full cycle of knowledge management and engineering, including automated retrieval, integration, and representation of knowledge in the form of semantic networks, their visualization, and analysis. STRING, Pathway Studio, MetaCore, and others are well-known examples of such products. Previously, we developed the Associative Network Discovery System (ANDSystem), which also implements such a cycle. However, the drawback of these systems is dependence on the employed ontologies describing the subject area, which limits their functionality in searching information based on user-specified queries.

Results The ANDDigest system is a new web-based module of the ANDSystem tool, permitting searching within PubMed by using dictionaries from the ANDSystem tool and sets of user-defined keywords. ANDDigest allows performing the search based on complex queries simultaneously, taking into account many types of objects from the ANDSystem’s ontology. The system has a user-friendly interface, providing sorting, visualization, and filtering of the found information, including mapping of mentioned objects in text, linking to external databases, sorting of data by publication date, citations number, journal H-indices, etc. The system provides data on trends for identified entities based on dynamics of interest according to the frequency of their mentions in PubMed by years.

Conclusions The main feature of ANDDigest is its functionality, serving as a specialized search for information about multiple associative relationships of objects from the ANDSystem’s ontology vocabularies, taking into account user-specified keywords. The tool can be applied to the interpretation of experimental genetics data, the search for associations between molecular genetics objects, and the preparation of scientific and analytical reviews. It is presently available at https://anddigest.sysbio.ru/ .
Consensus recommendations regarding the threshold levels of cardiac troponin elevations for the definition of perioperative myocardial infarction and clinically important periprocedural myocardial injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery range widely (from >10 times to ≥70 times the upper reference limit for the assay). Limited evidence is available to support these recommendations.
Using a sample of 158 million Υ(2S) events collected with the Belle detector, charmonium and charmonium-like states with even charge parity are searched for in Υ(2S) radiative decays.

No significant χ_{cJ} or η_c signal is observed and the following upper limits at 90% confidence level (C.L.) are obtained: BR(Υ(2S)→γχ_{c0})<1.0×10^{-4}, BR(Υ(2S)→γχ_{c1})<3.6×10^{-6}, BR(Υ(2S)→γχ_{c2})<1.5×10^{-5}, and BR(Υ(2S)→γη_c)<2.7×10^{-5}.

No significant signal of any charmonium-like state is observed, and we obtain the limits BR(Υ(2S)→γX(3872))×BR(X(3872)→π⁺π⁻J/ψ)<0.8×10^{-6}, BR(Υ(2S)→γX(3872))×BR(X(3872)→π⁺π⁻π⁰J/ψ)<2.4×10^{-6}, BR(Υ(2S)→γX(3915))×BR(X(3915)→ωJ/ψ)<2.8×10^{-6}, BR(Υ(2S)→γY(4140))×BR(Y(4140)→φJ/ψ))<1.2×10^{-6}, and BR(Υ(2S)→γX(4350))×BR(X(4350)→φJ/ψ))<1.3×10^{-6} at 90% C.L.