Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The concept of a major inhibitory role of serotonin in aggressive behavior is widely accepted by investigators. There was ample evidence that a pharmacologically-induced increase in the serotonin activity attenuates agonistic behavior in animals, and that the manipulations inhibiting the brain serotonergic system can elicit aggressiveness in male mice and rats. Repeated experience of aggression in daily agonistic interactions has been shown to reduce serotonin activity in brain of victorious male mice.

The study aimed to analyze expression of the serotonergic genes -Tph2, Sert, Maoa and Htr1a, as well as the Bdnf and Creb genes in the midbrain raphe nuclei of male mice with positive fighting experience in daily encounters and male mice with the same track record of aggression followed by two-week no-fight period.

It has been shown that mRNA levels of the serotonergic and Creb genes are reduced in the winners in comparison with male mice without consecutive positive fighting experience of aggression. After the fighting deprivation the Tph2, Sert, Bdnf and Creb genes recover their expression while mRNA levels of the Maoa and Htr1a genes proceed at a significantly higher level as compared with the respective controls. Downregulation of serotonergic genes is indicative of the inhibition of serotonergic activity under repeated experience of aggression. Nevertheless recovering of Tph2 and Sert gene expression and overexpression of the Maoa and Htr1a genes after no-fight period suggest that changes in brain serotonergic activity are not main cause of the behavioral pathology developing in male mice in this experimental context.
Unitarity corrections to several electromagnetic processes in collisions of relativistic heavy nuclei are considered. They are due to the unitarity requirement for the S-matrix and correspond to the exchange of light-by-light scattering block between colliding nuclei.

We obtain improved results for the corrections to e+e- and mu+mu- pair production, as well as new results for unitarity corrections to the production of photons via virtual Compton and virtual Delbruck scattering.

These corrections can be numerically large; e.g., the mu+mu- pair production cross section is reduced by about 50% and the nuclear bremsstrahlung by about 15 to 20%.
This paper analyzes problems revealed by practice of implementation of large-scale projects (megaprojects). It discusses features of large-scale projects, namely, their impact on the whole economy and high uncertainty regarding conditions of their implementation, as well as possibilities of the standard approach to assessing social efficiency of investment projects to adequately take account of these features. Some ways to solve the problems under consideration are proposed.
A new synthetic entry to iridium Keggin‐type polyoxometalate complexes from [PW 11 O 39 ] 7– and K 3 [IrCl 6 ] under harsh conditions is reported. The complex [PW 11 O 39 IrCl] 5– ( 1 5– ) featuring an IrCl functionality was obtained in high yield and characterized by NMR spectroscopic and ESI‐MS techniques. The presence of Li + (3–4 M) is essential for a quantitative yield of 1 5– . The reactivities of 1 5– and its rhodium analogue [PW 11 O 39 RhCl] 5– in ligand substitution at the noble metal site were studied. Thiocyanate coordination successfully yielded (Bu 4 N) 5 [PW 11 O 39 M (SCN)] [ M = Rh ( 2a ), Ir, ( 3a )]. In both cases, the SCN ligands are coordinated by sulfur atoms, according to 13 C NMR and IR spectroscopic data. Gas‐phase fragmentation reactions of compounds 2a and 3a were also investigated by collision‐induced dissociation (CID) experiments. Reaction of [PW 11 O 39 RhCl] 5– with NaN 3 resulted in Cl – to OH – replacement accompanied by the liberation of the RhCl fragment, whereas 1 5– proved unreactive with NaN 3 . Attempts to coordinate NO 2 – are adversely affected by competing noble metal excision with formation of free [PW 11 O 39 ] 7– .
If primordial black holes (PBH) saturate the present upper limit on the dark matter density in our Solar system

and if their radiation spectrum is discrete, the sensitivity of modern detectors is close to that necessary for detecting this radiation

This conclusion is not in conflict with the upper limits on the PBH evaporation rate
In the recently proposed ABEL model, the Earth was born as a dry planet without atmosphere and ocean components at 4.56 Ga. From 4.37 to 4.20 Ga, bio-elements, such as carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N), were secondarily accreted on the Earth. This two-step formation model of the Earth is referred to as the advent of the bio-elements model (ABEL Model) and the event of the advent of bio-elements (water component) is referred to as ABEL Bombardment.

It is evident that the solid Earth originated from enstatite chondrite-like dry material because of its oxygen isotopic composition and similar isotopes. On the other hand, the Earth's water originated primarily from carbonaceous chondrite material based on the hydrogen isotopic ratio. The ABEL model successfully explains this enigma between solid Earth and water.

In addition, the importance of the secondary accretion of oxidizing bio-elements should be emphasized because this event became a precursor to initiating the metabolism for life to emerge on a highly reductive planet. If ABEL Bombardment had not occurred, life would never have emerged on the Earth. Therefore, ABEL Bombardment was one of the most important events for this planet to evolve into a habitable planet. Moreover, ABEL Bombardment is thought to be the trigger to switch from stagnant lid tectonics to plate tectonics on this planet because of the injection of volatiles into the initial dry Earth.
НИИ терапии и профилактической медициныфилиал ФИЦ «Институт цитологии и генетики» СО РАН
The article presents an event correlation of the Permian‐Triassic granites of the Altai collision system, which are associated with industrial ore deposits and occurrences (Mo‐W, Sn‐W, Li‐Ta‐Be). The multi‐system and multi‐mineral isotope datings of igneous rocks and ore bodies (U/Pb, Re/Os, Rb/Sr, Ar/Ar‐methods) suggest the postcollisional (intraplate) formation of ore‐magmatic systems (OMS), the duration of which depended on the crustmantle interaction and the rates of tectonic exposure of geoblocks to the upper crustal levels.

Two cases of the OMS thermal history are described: (1) Kalguty Mo‐W deposit associated with rare‐metal granite‐leucogranites and ongonite‐ elvan dykes, and (2) Novo‐Akhmirov Li‐Ta deposit represented by topaz‐zinnwaldite granites and the contemporary lamprophyre and ongonit‐elvan dykes. For these geological objects, numerical modeling was carried out.

The proposed models show thermal cooling of the deep magmatic chambers of granite composition, resulting in the residual foci of rare‐metal‐granite melts, which are known as the petrological indicators of industrial ore deposits (Mo‐W, Sn‐W, Li‐Ta‐Be). According to the simulation results concerning the framework of a closed magmatic system with a complex multistage development history, the magmatic chamber has a lower underlying observable massif and a reservoir associated with it. A long‐term magmatic differentiation of the parental melt (a source of rare‐metal‐granite melts and ore hydrothermal fluids) takes place in this reservoir.
Midbrain raphe nuclei (MRNs) contain a large number of serotonergic neurons associated with the regulation of numerous types of psychoemotional states and physiological processes.

The aim of this work was to study alterations of the MRN transcriptome in mice with prolonged positive or negative fighting experience and to identify key gene networks associated with the regulation of serotonergic system functioning. Numerous genes underwent alterations of transcription in the MRNs of male mice that either manifested aggression or experienced social defeat in daily agonistic interactions. The expression of the Tph2 gene encoding the rate-limiting enzyme of the serotonin synthesis pathway correlated with the expression of many genes, 31 of which were common between aggressive and defeated mice and were downregulated in the MRNs of mice of both experimental groups.

Among these common differentially expressed genes (DEGs), there were genes associated with behavior, learning, memory, and synaptic signaling. These results suggested that, in the MRNs of the mice, the transcriptome changes associated with serotonergic regulation of various processes are similar between the two groups (aggressive and defeated). In the MRNs, more DEGs correlating with Tph2 expression were found in defeated mice than in the winners, which is probably a consequence of deeper Tph2 downregulation in the losers. It was shown for the first time that, in both groups of experimental mice, the changes in the transcription of genes controlling the synthesis and transport of serotonin directly correlate with the expression of genes Crh and Trh, which control the synthesis of corticotrophin- and thyrotropin-releasing hormones. Our findings indicate that CRH and TRH locally produced in MRNs are related to serotonergic regulation of brain processes during a chronic social conflict.
While silicon and gallium arsenide are dominant materials in modern micro-and nanoelectronics, devices fabricated from them still use Si and GaAs substrates only separately. Integrating these materials on the large and cheep Si substrate has been the subject of enormous research efforts for the past three decades.

This review attempts to systematize and generalize the current understanding of the fundamental physical mechanisms governing the epitaxial growth of GaAs and related III-V compounds on Si substrates. Different kinds of bonding as a very promising non-epitaxial method for III-V thin film integration on Si substrate are reviewed. Basic techniques available for improving the quality of such heterostructures are described.

Recent advances in fabricating of device-quality III-V-on-Si heterostructures and corresponding devices are also presented.
At present, personalized diets, which take into account consumer genetic characteristics, are growing popular. Nutrigenetics studies the effect of gene variations on metabolism and nutrigenomics, which branches off further and investigates how nutrients and food compounds affect genes. This work deals with the mutations affecting the assimilation of metabolites, contributing to nutrigenetic studies. We searched for the genes responsible for eating preferences which allow for the tailoring of personalized diets. Presently, genetic nutrition is growing in demand, as it contributes to the prevention and/or rehabilitation of non-communicable diseases, both monogenic and polygenic. In this work, we showed single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes—missense mutations that change the functions of coded proteins, resulting in a particular eating preferences or a disease. We studied the genes influencing food preferences—particularly those responsible for fats and carbohydrates absorption, food intolerance, metabolism of vitamins, taste sensations, oxidation of xenobiotics, eating preferences and food addiction. As a result, 34 genes were identified that affect eating preferences. Significant shortcomings were found in the methods/programs for developing personalized diets that are used today, and the weaknesses were revealed in the development of nutrigenetics (inconsistency of data on SNP genes, ignoring population genetics data, difficult information to understand consumer, etc.). Taking into account all the shortcomings, an approximate model was proposed in the review for selecting an appropriate personalized diet. In the future, it is planned to develop the proposed model for the compilation of individual diets.
According to environmentalists, ecological situation in the Russian Federation persists as a negative trend showing no signs of improvement. Accumulation of industrial and consumption wastes, which tends to increase every year, seems to be the most problematic issue today. The Russian waste treatment technologies considerably lag behind those in the developed countries where about 90% of waste is utilized. This article addresses sectoral and regional aspects of waste management and presents estimated amounts of generated waste calculated with the use of a dynamic model of intersectoral balance. Calculations have shown that to reduce waste generation rate by a factor of two, it is necessary to increase the share of waste processing and neutralization up to 70% (in 2016 it was 59,6%). Catching up with advanced nations does not seem feasible during the projection period. The article focuses on the priority importance of processing industrial waste which storage requires alienation of large areas of agricultural land.
we investigate the movement of an inverted pendulum, the suspension point of which performs high-frequency oscillations along a line making a small angle with the vertical

We prove that under certain conditions on the function describing the oscillations of the suspension point of the pendulum, a periodic motion of the pendulum arises, and it is asymptotically stable
DNA probes for the studies of damaged strand excision during the nucleotide excision repair (NER) have been designed using the novel non-nucleosidic phosphoramidite reagents that contain N-[6-(9-antracenylcarbamoyl)hexanoyl]-3-amino-1,2-propandiol (nAnt) and N-[6-(5(6)-fluoresceinylcarbamoyl)hexanoyl]-3-amino-1,2-propandiol (nFlu) moieties.

New lesion-imitating adducts being inserted into DNA show good substrate properties in NER process. Modified extended linear nFlu- and nAntr-DNA are suitable for estimation of specific excision activity catalysed with mammalian whole-cell extracts. The following substrate activity range was revealed for the model 137-bp linear double-stranded DNA: nAnt-DNA ≈ nFlu-DNA > Chol-DNA (Chol-DNA--legitimate NER substrate that contains non-nucleoside fragment bearing cholesterol residue). In vitro assay shows that modified DNA can be a useful tool to study NER activity in whole-cell extracts.

The developed approach should be of general use for the incorporation of NER-sensitive distortions into model DNAs. The new synthetic extended linear DNA containing bulky non-nucleoside modifications will be useful for NER mechanism study and for applications.
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae nucleoporin Nup116p serves as a docking site for both nuclear import and export factors. However, the mechanism for assembling Nup116p into the nuclear pore complex (NPC) has not been resolved.

By conducting a two-hybrid screen with the carboxy (C)-terminal Nup116p region as bait, we identified Nup82p. The predicted coiled-coil region of Nup82p was not required for Nup116p interaction, making the binding requirements distinct from those for the Nsp1p-Nup82p-Nup159p subcomplex (N. Belgareh, C. Snay-Hodge, F. Pasteau, S. Dagher, C. N. Cole, and V. Doye, Mol. Biol. Cell 9:3475-3492, 1998). Immunoprecipitation experiments using yeast cell lysates resulted in the coisolation of a Nup116p-Nup82p subcomplex. Although the absence of Nup116p had no effect on the NPC localization of Nup82p, overexpression of C-terminal Nup116p in a nup116 null mutant resulted in Nup82p mislocalization. Moreover, NPC localization of Nup116p was specifically diminished in a nup82-Delta108 mutant after growth at 37 degrees C. Immunoelectron microscopy analysis showed Nup116p was localized on both the cytoplasmic and nuclear NPC faces.

Its distribution was asymmetric with the majority at the cytoplasmic face. Taken together, these results suggest that Nup82p and Nup116p interact at the cytoplasmic NPC face, with nucleoplasmic Nup116p localization utilizing novel binding partners.
Key exchange algorithm based on homomorphic encryption idea is reviewed in this article.

This algorithm might be used for safe messaging using one-time pads. Since algorithm requires a low amount of computing resources,

this method might be used in IoT to provide authentication.
Topological insulators (TIs) represent a novel quantum state of matter, characterized by edge or surface-states, showing up on the topological character of the bulk wave functions. Allowing electrons to move along their surface, but not through their inside, they emerged as an intriguing material platform for the exploration of exotic physical phenomena, somehow resembling the graphene Dirac-cone physics, as well as for exciting applications in optoelectronics, spintronics, nanoscience, low-power electronics, and quantum computing. Investigation of topological surface states (TSS) is conventionally hindered by the fact that in most of experimental conditions the TSS properties are mixed up with those of bulk-states. Here, we devise a novel tool to unveil TSS and to probe related plasmonic effects. By engineering Bi2Te(3-x)Sex stoichiometry, and by gating the surface of nanoscale field-effect-transistors, exploiting thin flakes of Bi2Te2.2Se0.8 or Bi2Se3, we provide the first demonstration of room-temperature Terahertz (THz) detection mediated by over-damped plasma-wave oscillations on the "activated" TSS of a Bi2Te2.2Se0.8 flake. The reported detection performances allow a realistic exploitation of TSS for large-area, fast imaging, promising superb impacts on THz photonics.
We show that the conjugacy problem is solvable in [finitely generated free]-by-cyclic groups, by using a result of O. Maslakova that one can algorithmically find generating sets for the fixed subgroups of free group automorphisms, and one of P. Brinkmann that one can determine whether two cyclic words in a free group are mapped to each other by some power of a given automorphism.

The algorithm effectively computes a conjugating element, if it exists.

We also solve the power conjugacy problem and give an algorithm to recognize if two given elements of a finitely generated free group are Reidemeister equivalent with respect to a given automorphism.
Previous phenomenological studies and measurements have shown that weighted angular moments derived from jet constituents encode the colour connections between initiating partons that seed the jets.

This paper presents measurements of two such distributions, the jet-pull angle and jet-pull magnitude, both of which are derived from the jet-pull angular moment. The measurement is performed in $t\bar{t}$ events with one leptonically decaying $W$ boson and one hadronically decaying $W$ boson, using $36.1$ fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV delivered by the Large Hadron Collider. The observables are measured for two dijet systems, corresponding to the colour-connected daughters of the $W$ boson and the two $b$-jets from the top-quark decays. To allow the comparison of the measured distributions to colour model predictions, the measured distributions are unfolded to stable-particle level, after correcting for experimental effects introduced by the detector.

While good agreement can be found for some combinations of predictions and observables, none of the predictions describes the data well across all observables.
The article presents the higher mathematics chair of the physics department at Novosibirsk State University, describing the history of its creation, its traditions, and methods used by its lecturers. The reader can also find here some general information about the staff and the courses taught.
The synthesis of new, artificial ribonucleases containing two amino acid residues connected by an aliphatic linker has been developed. Target molecules were synthesized via a catalytic three-component Ugi reaction from aliphatic diisocyanides.

Preliminary investigations proved unspecific nuclease activity of the new compounds towards single-stranded RNA and double-stranded circular DNA.
The channel of singlet oxygen O2((1)Δg) photogeneration from van der Waals complexes of oxygen X-O2 has been investigated to discriminate between two possible mechanisms based on charge-transfer (CT) or double spin-flip (DSF) transitions.

The results obtained in this work for complexes with X = ethylene C2H4, 1,3-butadiene C4H6, deuterated methyl iodide CD3I, benzene C6H6 and water H2O and for those investigated previously indicate the DSF mechanism as a source of singlet oxygen. The formation of O2((1)Δg) is observed only when the energy of exciting quantum is sufficient for DSF transition. Universally detected low vibrational excitation of O2((1)Δg) arising in the photodissociation of van der Waals complexes X-O2 indicates the DSF mechanism as its source. For complex of ethylene C2H4-O2ab initio calculations of vertical energy ΔE(vert) for DSF and CT transitions have been carried out.

The positive results of singlet oxygen formation from C2H4-O2 can be explained by the DSF but not by the CT mechanism.
Genome-wide gene expression maps with a high spatial resolution have substantially accelerated plant molecular science. However, the number of characterized tissues and growth stages is still small due to the limited accessibility of most tissues for protoplast isolation.

Here, we provide gene expression profiles of the mature inflorescence stem of Arabidopsis thaliana covering a comprehensive set of distinct tissues. By combining fluorescence-activated nucleus sorting and laser-capture microdissection with next-generation RNA sequencing, we characterized the transcriptomes of xylem vessels, fibers, the proximal and distal cambium, phloem, phloem cap, pith, starch sheath, and epidermis cells.

Our analyses classified more than 15,000 genes as being differentially expressed among different stem tissues and revealed known and novel tissue-specific cellular signatures. By determining overrepresented transcription factor binding regions in the promoters of differentially expressed genes, we identified candidate tissue-specific transcriptional regulators. Our datasets predict the expression profiles of an exceptional number of genes and allow hypotheses to be generated about the spatial organization of physiological processes. Moreover, we demonstrate that information about gene expression in a broad range of mature plant tissues can be established at high spatial resolution by nuclear mRNA profiling.
The first national conference with international participation, “Fundamental aspects of atherosclerosis: scientific research for improving the technologies of personalized medicine”, was held in Novosibirsk on 15 October 2021 [...]
The decay $B_c^+ \to \psi(2S)\pi^+$ with $\psi(2S) \to \mu^+\mu^-$ is observed with a significance of $5.2\,\sigma$ using $pp$ collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $1.0\,\invfb$ collected by the LHCb experiment.

The branching fraction of $B_c^+ \to \psi(2S)\pi^+$ decays relative to that of the $B_c^+ \to J/\psi\pi^+$ mode is measured.

The ratio is measured to be $\frac{\mathcal{B}(B_c^+ \to \psi(2S)\pi^+)}{\mathcal{B}(B_c^+ \to J/\psi\pi^+)} = 0.250 \pm 0.068 \,\text{stat} \pm 0.014 \,\text{\syst} \pm 0.006 \,(\mathcal{B})$. The last term is the uncertainty on the ratio $\mathcal{B}(\psi(2S) \to \mu^+\mu^-)/\mathcal{B}(J/\psi \to \mu^+\mu^-)$.
The effect of plasma actuators on Shock Wave / Laminar Boundary Layer Interaction (SWBLI) was studied experimentally on transonic laminar aerofoil.

The steady and unsteady characteristics of the separation zone were measured for several flow regimes including the transonic buffet. Multi Sliding Spark Discharge was used for the flow control. An analysis of the discharge pulse energy effect on SWBLI was carried out. The perturbation and thermal spot evolution generated by the discharge was studied in the zone of SWBLI.

Successful suppression of separated flow and laminar transonic buffet by plasma actuators was demonstrated.