Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Background . The annual reporting forms for malignant neoplasms do not provide for the division of lymphomas into variants. In international publications and statistical reference books of the Russian Federation, variants of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL) are also not separated. For these reasons, a detailed assessment of the epidemiology of NHL in Russia is difficult, and data for individual variants of the disease are not provided. Purpose: to present the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DL BCL ) in Novosibirsk according to the data of the City Hematology Center (CHC). Material and Methods . A retrospective analysis of primary medical documentation (case histories, outpatient charts, and immunohistochemical study reports) of 271 patients with DL BCL was performed in the period from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2018. Results . The calculated registered primary morbidity and mortality from DL BCL in Novosibirsk for the analyzed years fluctuated slightly. The average incidence and mortality rates were 2.85 and 1.98 per 100,000 population, respectively. When analyzing the dynamics of the prevalence of DL BCL in Novosibirsk, a positive trend of annual increase in the indicator was revealed: 1.87 times over the past 6 years. In men, the tumor developed 2.6 years earlier than in women. In General, the risk of getting DL BCL after 50 years was 3 times higher than at the age of 30 years. Among patients diagnosed with primary lymphoma who underwent treatment at the Hematology department of CHC, half of the patients had DL BCL .Evaluation of the clinical characteristics showed a pronounced severity of the analyzed cohort. Conclusion. The updated quantitative and qualitative indicators of clinical and epidemiological characteristics of DL BCL in Novosibirsk for 2013–18 were obtained. These indicators can be used for further monitoring, development and implementation of measures for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this form of hemoblastosis.
The influence of 1% aerosol of the water solution of potassium ferrocyanide K4[Fe(CN)6] on the flame speed of stoichoimetric methane- air flame, stabilized over the Mache-Hebra burner, has been studied experimentally and by computer simulation.

The flame speed was measured at atmospheric pressure and the temperature 93 °C. Addition of the aerosol of the water solution of potassium ferrocyanide results in significantly greater reduction of the flame speed of stoichiometric methane-air flame, compared to aerosol addition without the salt. Modeling the flame speed with the mechanism GRI-Mech 3.0 shows this effect to be caused by the presence of potassium atoms in the composition of this salt.

The results obtained account for effectiveness of applying fine aerosol of the water solution of K4[Fe(CN)6] in extinguishing fires.
This paper presents a study of the properties of surfaces with nanocoatingsof two types:NOA 81 photoresist with silanizationand NOA 65 photoresist. These surfaces are resistant to thermal and mechanical loads.

The structure of the surfaces was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The contact angle hysteresis for these surfaces wasdeterminedby the standard DSA-100 KRUSSprocedure, in which theadvancing and receding contact angles are measured, and also by a second method - measuring the contact angle under isothermal droplet evaporation.

The contact angle hysteresis values measured by the two different methods are in satisfactory agreement. The contact angle hysteresis was about 20° for the NOA 81 substrateand about 50° for NOA 65.
An analysis of $B^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 \pi^+$ and $B^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 K^+$ decays is performed with the LHCb experiment. The $pp$ collision data used correspond to integrated luminosities of $1{\,fb}^{-1}$ and $2{\,fb}^{-1}$ collected at centre-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}=7\mathrm{\,Te\kern -0.1em V}$ and $\sqrt{s}=8\mathrm{\,Te\kern -0.1em V}$, respectively. The ratio of branching fractions and the direct {\it CP} asymmetries are measured to be $\mathcal{B}(B^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 K^+)/\mathcal{B}(B^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 \pi^+) = 0.064 \pm 0.009\textrm{(stat.)} \pm 0.004\textrm{(syst.)}$, $\mathcal{A}^{\it CP}(B^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 \pi^+) = -0.022 \pm 0.025\textrm{(stat.)} \pm 0.010\textrm{(syst.)}$ and $\mathcal{A}^{\it CP}(B^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 K^+) = -0.21 \pm 0.14\textrm{(stat.)} \pm 0.01\textrm{(syst.)}$. The data sample taken at $\sqrt{s}=7\mathrm{\,Te\kern -0.1em V}$ is used to search for $B_c^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 K^+$ decays and results in the upper limit $(f_c\cdot\mathcal{B}(B_c^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 K^+))/(f_u\cdot\mathcal{B}(B^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 \pi^+)) < 5.8\times10^{-2}\textrm{at 90% confidence level}$, where $f_c$ and $f_u$ denote the hadronisation fractions of a $\bar{b}$ quark into a $B_c^+$ or a $B^+$ meson, respectively.
Composites comprising MoVTeNbO mixed oxide and zirconia-pillared montmorillonite clays (PilCs) were prepared. XRD and TEM with EDX studies confirmed the preservation of M1 MoVTeNbO phase in these composites responsible for high activity and selectivity in ethane oxidative dehydrogenation into ethylene. For composites with PilC content of 10 wt%, the best ethylene yield exceeding that of bulk MoVTeNbO oxide was demonstrated for clays with zirconia pillars doped with Ce and Al possessing the highest specific surface area. This is explained by optimized chemical interaction of these clays with MoVTeNbO mixed oxide improving its bulk oxygen mobility and reactivity by structure disordering while blocking surface sites responsible for combustion due to the stabilization of the reactive terminal oxygen species.
Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which play important role in immune responses. DCs are a heterogeneous population and can be divided into groups: myeloid (mDCs) and plasmacytoid (pDCs). Furthemore, DCs are important in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis through antigen presentation and activation autoreactive T-lymphocytes. As established the different subpopulation DCs can promote different immune reactions. That's why, it may be possible to consider them as a potential target for the development of new target of the immunopathological disorders therapy.

Objectives: To investigate the subpopulations of peripheral blood DCs (myeloid and plasmacytoid) in patients with early RA as a predictor of responsibility to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) treatment. Methods: Forty nine patients with early RA (duration of the disease up to 12 months) were included in the study. All patients fullfield ACR/EULAR criteria (2010) and received methotrexate, leflunomide, sulfasalazine or their combination. Forty three patients with osteoarthritis (OA) used as a control group. Analysis of the content of the B-lymphocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs, labeled by antibodies against surface markers, was carried out by flow cytometry. B-lymphocytes, subtypes of peripheral blood DCs were characterized by the following phenotypes: myeloid DCs (CD3-CD14-CD19-HLA-DR + CD11c + CD123-), plasmacytoid DCs (CD3-CD14-CD19-HLA-DR + CD11c-CD123 +), B-lymphocytes (CD19 +). Analysis were performed before treatment and after 3 and 6 months.

Results: Patients with early RA are characterized by significant evaluation of the population of plasmacytoid DCs in comparison of patients with moderate stages of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis (3.8 vs2.1 vs 1, p=0.0042). Furthermore, the difference was found in the number of cells with the phenotype B-lymphocytes: 7.95 * 106/l vs. 3.6* 106/l, respectively (p = 0.014). No significant differences were observed in the number of myeloid DCs. After 6 month of observation we detected reducing amount of plasmacytoid DCs (3.8 before treatment and 2.1 in 6 month, p=0.002) and B-cells that correlated with activity of disease. Conclusion: The data obtained indicated that plasmacytoid DCs are predominant in patients with inflammatory arthritis especially in early RA and correlate with activity of disease that can use as a predictor of good response on DMARDs treatment.
The karyotype structure and chromosomal polymorphism were studied in several European (European part of Russia and the Netherlands) and Asian (Siberia and Kazakhstan) populations of Chironomus luridus Strenzke, 1959. Inversion polymorphism was detected in six of the seven chromosome arms: three banding sequences detected in arm A, six sequences in arm B, two sequences in arm C, three sequences in arm E, five sequences in arm F, and two sequences in arm G. Only arm D was monomorphic in all studied populations. In total, 22 banding sequences were recorded in Ch. luridus; they form the banding sequence pool of this species. Thus, Ch. luridus can be regarded as a very polymorphic species. However, the European and Asian populations differed considerably in the levels of polymorphism: the Asian populations were less polymorphic, containing only 8 to 10 sequences, whereas the European populations had 11 to 16 sequences. The new banding sequences lurA3, lurB5, lurE3 were found in Asian populations, whereas the sequences lurB2, lurB3, lurB4, lurB6, lurE2, lurF1, lurF2a, lurF3, lurF4, and lurG2 аre lacked. The total level of inversion heterozygosity in the Asian populations was 12-25% versus 78-80% in the European populations.
The effectiveness of the new therapeutic approach aimed at the destruction of the cancer cell community was evaluated on the immortalized human glioblastoma cell line U87. Initially, the reference elements of a new strategy for eradication of tumor-initiating stem cells were characterized.

The main points of the strategy were as follows. 1) Evaluation of the TAMRA+ (tumor-initiating stem cells) presence in the population of U87 culture cells. 2) Determination of the reference time points of the DNA interstrand cross-links repair, induced by cross-linking cytostatics mitomycin C. 3) Determination of the day after initiation of therapy when TAMRA+ cells accumulate and are synchronously present in the G1/S sensitive for the treatment phase of the cell cycle. Based on the data obtained, a therapeutic regimen aimed at eradicating TAMRA+ cells (tumor-initiating stem cells) was identified. Treatment of the culture was carried out by cross-linking cytostatic mitomycin C and complex DNA preparation.

Transplantation experiments showed that high experimental doses of mitomycin C (20 μg/ml) totally destroy transplantation potential of U87 cells. Diminution of mitomycin C to therapeutic doses (5 μg/ ml) clearly demonstrated effect of complex double-stranded DNA preparation to reducing of U87 tumorigenic potential. These fully confirmed the concept of developed cancer treatment technology.
The fundamentals of preparation of hyperpolarized gases are detailed with a focus on selected applications of hyperpolarized gases

to provide illustrative examples of their utility in biomedicine and materials sciences: remote detection, pulmonary imaging, gas-phase imaging, time-of-flight imaging, brown-fat imaging, and other imaging and spectroscopic applications

For more details, see the Minireview by E. Y. Chekmenev et al. on page 725 ff.
Neurofeedback training (NFT) to decrease the theta/beta ratio (TBR) has been used for treating hyperactivity and impulsivity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, often with low efficiency. Individual variance in EEG profile can confound NFT, because it may lead to influencing non-relevant activity, if ignored. More importantly, it may lead to influencing ADHD-related activities adversely, which may even result in worsening ADHD symptoms. Electromyogenic (EMG) signal resulted from forehead muscles can also explain the low efficiency of the NFT in ADHD from both practical and psychological point-of-view.

The first aim of this study was to determine EEG and EMG biomarkers most related to the main ADHD characteristics, such as impulsivity and hyperactivity. The second aim was to confirm our hypothesis that the efficiency of the TBR NFT can be increased by individual adjustment of the frequency bands and simultaneous training on forehead muscle tension.
The microbiome of sputum from former and active coal miners diagnosed with coal worker's pneumoconiosis (CWP) as compared to healthy controls

Next Generation Sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes obtained from the sputum of CWP subjects

Differences were detected between the sputum microbiomes from the healthy and CWP subjects. We noted a significant decrease in Bacteroidetes and an increase in the level of Proteobacteria. The microbiomes found in sputum from CWP subjects are enriched in bacterial species previously reported to induce pro-inflammatory responses. The profile of the microbiomes correlated mainly to the occupational activity and not to the age of the coal miners.
A new polymorph (β) was obtained for an active pharmaceutical ingredient, bis-muth tribenzoate, [Bi(C(6)H(5)CO(2))(3)]. The new β-polymorph is 1.05 times denser than the previously known polymorph [Rae et al. (1998 ▶). Acta Cryst. B54, 438-442]. In the β-polymorph, the Bi atom is linked with three benzoate anions, each of them acting as a bidentate ligand, and these assemblies with C(3) point symmetry can be considered as 'mol-ecules'. The structure of the β-polymorph has no polymeric chains, in contrast to the previously known polymorph. The 'mol-ecules' in the β-polymorph are stacked along [001], so that the phenyl rings of the neighbouring mol-ecules are parallel to each other. Based on the pronounced difference in the crystal structures, one can suppose that two polymorphs should differ in the dissolution kinetics and bioavailability.
Attachment regions of the eukaryotic chromosomal DNA to the nuclear scaffold/matrix (S/MARs) participate in various important cellular processes. However, no obvious characteristics common for these nucleotide sequences have been revealed, except that S/MARs are non-coding sites containing putative regulatory elements and binding sites of DNA-topoisomerase II. Heterogeneity among S/MARs can be caused by a variety of biological factors. In this paper, the accuracy of two S/MARs prediction programs, MAR-Finder (Singh, Kramer and Krawetz, 1997) and ChrClass (Glazkov, Rogozin and Glazko, 1998) are compared and it is concluded that both programs can be recommended for analysis of eukaryotic genomes. However, results of their prediction should be interpreted with caution since estimation of prediction accuracy of both programs needs further analysis. Problems of S/MARs prediction are illustrated on several examples of human protein-coding genes, repeated elements and the beta-globin locus from different mammalian species. Results of our analysis suggest that the proportion of missed S/MARs is lower for ChrClass, whereas the proportion of wrong S/MARs is lower for MAR-Finder (a default set of parameters).
Yellow cuboid diamonds are commonly found in diamondiferous alluvial placers of the Northeastern Siberian platform. The internal structure of these diamonds have been studied by optical microscopy, X-Ray topography (XRT) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques. Most of these crystals have typical resorption features and do not preserve primary growth morphology. The resorption leads to an evolution from an originally cubic shape to a rounded tetrahexahedroid. Specific fibrous or columnar internal structure of yellow cuboid diamonds has been revealed. Most of them are strongly deformed. Misorientations of the crystal lattice, found in the samples, may be caused by strains from their fibrous growth or/and post-growth plastic deformation.
Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases are the key DNA repair enzymes in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, and are responsible for hydrolyzing phosphodiester bonds on the 5' side of an AP site. The enzymes can recognize not only AP sites but also some types of damaged bases, such as 1,N6-ethenoadenosine, α-adenosine, and 5,6-dihydrouridine. Here, to elucidate the mechanism underlying such a broad substrate specificity as that of AP endonucleases, we performed a computational study of four homologous APE1-like endonucleases: insect (Drosophila melanogaster) Rrp1, amphibian (Xenopus laevis) APE1 (xAPE1), fish (Danio rerio) APE1 (zAPE1), and human APE1 (hAPE1). The contact between the amino acid residues of the active site of each homologous APE1-like enzyme and the set of damaged DNA substrates was analyzed. A comparison of molecular dynamic simulation data with the known catalytic efficiency of these enzymes allowed us to gain a deep insight into the differences in the efficiency of the cleavage of various damaged nucleotides. The obtained data support that the amino acid residues within the "damage recognition" loop containing residues Asn222-Ala230 significantly affect the catalytic-complex formation. Moreover, every damaged nucleotide has its unique position and a specific set of interactions with the amino acid residues of the active site.
Malgre les travaux entrepris par certains editeurs (voir par exemple le catalogue des editions Lambert Lucas) ou certains critiques (travaux du CRELECO de Lausanne), la linguistique russe, tant sovietique que contemporaine, reste en grande partie ignoree du public occidental, notamment parce qu’elle est publiee presque uniquement en langue russe. Cependant cet immense ocean de recherches et de resultats est passionnant a etudier, dynamique et moderne, et meriterait qu’on s’y attarde plus attentivement. Le but de cet article est de proposer un etat des lieux des travaux les linguistes russes contemporains dans le domaine de l’etude de la metalinguistique ordinaire et en particulier dans celui de l’acquisition du metalangage. Nous nous efforcerons de replacer ces recherches dans leur contexte, afin de permettre aux linguistes francais d’avoir une idee de la richesse des travaux de leurs collegues russes. De maniere analogue, nous avons a deux reprises realise pour nos collegues russes des articles de synthese sur les travaux sur les representations metalinguistiques ordinaires realisees en France depuis 2004 (Debrenne 2009, 2012). Notre but est donc plus d’informer que de proposer une analyse critique.
We demonstrate an efficient conversion of highly-multimode (M 2 ∼34) pump beam from fiber-combined 938-nm laser diodes into a 976-nm Stokes beam of high quality (M 2 =1.7-2 at output powers 10-52 W) that results in record brightness enhancement (BE=73) for Raman lasers based on graded-index fiber (GIF) and other fibers. The measured shapes of the output beams in GIF show that the near-parabolic pump beam becomes depleted above the Raman threshold so that the hole in the pump beam profile is much broader than the generated Stokes beam of near-Gaussian shape. The effect is analyzed in frames of a radially-dependent balance model with an account for the mode-selective feedback by FBG, which qualitatively describes the high-quality Stokes beam generation and the hole formation, but the hole width (and its power broadening) as well as the BE values are not consistent with experiment. Possible reasons for the difference are discussed.
The article deals with issues of indexing the Upper Jurassic productive layers developed in the northeastern part of the West Siberian petroleum province. Based on lithological division and detailed correlation of borehole sections, sandy horizons were identified and indexed in the Upper Jurassic section of the western part of the Ust-Port uplift.
Several models of the birthplace of life have long been proposed and discussed. However, those discussions are chaotic.

To test the birthplace models, we introduce nine requirements that must be met for the emergence of life. These requirements are: (1) energy source (ionizing radiation and thermal energy), (2) supplies of nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium, (3) supplies of main life constituent elements (C, H, O, and N), (4) condensed reducing gas, (5) dry wet cycle, (6) Na poor water, (7) clean lacustrine environment, (8) diversified surface environment, and (9) cyclic nature. Based on these nine requirements, most proposed birthplaces, such as the mid-oceanic ridge hydrothermal system, do not meet the requirements for life to emerge.

The only possible site is a nuclear geyser system. Under the Hadean surface environment, sites satisfying the nine requirements are extremely limited because it is significantly difficult to meet the nine requirements, including extrinsic conditions. This difficulty to fulfill all the requirements indicates that only one site is the birthplace of life on Hadean Earth.
Rodent models are an indispensable tool for studying etiology and progress of depression. Since interrelated systems of neurotrophic factors and cytokines comprise major regulatory mechanisms controlling normal brain plasticity, impairments of these systems form the basis for development of cerebral pathologies, including mental diseases.

The present review focuses on the numerous experimental rodent models of depression induced by different stress factors (exteroceptive and interoceptive) during early life (including prenatal period) or adulthood, giving emphasis to the data on the changes of neurotrophic factors and neuroinflammatory indices in the brain. These parameters are closely related to behavioral depression-like symptoms and impairments of neuronal plasticity and are both gender- and genotype-dependent. Stress-related changes in expression of neurotrophins and cytokines in rodent brain are region-specific. Some contradictory data reported by different groups may be a consequence of differences of stress paradigms or their realization in different laboratories.

Like all experimental models, stress-induced depression-like conditions are experimental simplification of clinical depression states; however, they are suitable for understanding the involvement of neurotrophic factors and cytokines in the pathogenesis of the disease—a goal unachievable in the clinical reality. These major regulatory systems may be important targets for therapeutic measures as well as for development of drugs for treatment of depression states.
Thousands of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes are annotated in the human genome. Recent studies showed the key role of lncRNAs in a variety of fundamental cellular processes. Dysregulation of lncRNAs can drive tumorigenesis and they are now considered to be a promising therapeutic target in cancer. However, how lncRNAs contribute to the development of hereditary diseases in human is still mostly unknown.This review is focused on hereditary diseases in the pathogenesis of which long non-coding RNAs play an important role.Fundamental research in the field of molecular genetics of lncRNA is necessary for a more complete understanding of their significance. Future research will help translate this knowledge into clinical practice which will not only lead to an increase in the diagnostic rate but also in the future can help with the development of etiotropic treatments for hereditary diseases.