Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of hemophilia B in the global population is approximately 1:60,000. Undifferentiated systemic mesenchymal dysplasia (uSMD) is diagnosed rather frequently, about 1:5, according to Russian authors; no data on uSMD prevalence in other countries are available. The combination of hemophilia and uSMD has grouped under the term hematomesenchymal dysplasia (HMD). This combination significantly worsens the clinical picture, prognosis, and quality of life of the patient. AIM: In this article, we present a rare clinical case of a child with a combination of hemophilia B and HMD. CASE REPORT: A clinical case of a male patient, 5 years old with hemophilia B, severe form combined with HMD, complicated by hemothorax, abscessed pulmonary lobe hematoma has presented. The presence of HMD and the above complications had an unfavorable effect on the severity of the clinical picture and the abnormal response to treatment. The main diagnostic procedures were the assessment of the phenotypic signs of HMD in combination with laboratory and instrumental examination methods such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, and echocardiography. Vital treatment is factor IX replacement therapy and supportive one. CONCLUSION: This clinical example highlights the importance of clinical alertness to hereditary coagulopathies, which often lead to life threatening, sometimes disabling complications that significantly reduce the quality of life of children with hemophilia. Consequently, full-scale epidemiological studies of the prevalence of HMD in the population are an urgent task for the near future.
Imaging of gases is a major challenge for any modality including MRI. NMR and MRI signals are directly proportional to the nuclear spin density and the degree of alignment of nuclear spins with applied static magnetic field, which is called nuclear spin polarization. The level of nuclear spin polarization is typically very low, i.e., one hundred thousandth of the potential maximum at 1.5 T and a physiologically relevant temperature. As a result, MRI typically focusses on imaging highly concentrated tissue water. Hyperpolarization methods transiently increase nuclear spin polarizations up to unity, yielding corresponding gains in MRI signal level of several orders of magnitude that enable the 3D imaging of dilute biomolecules including gases. Parahydrogen‐induced polarization is a fast, highly scalable, and low‐cost hyperpolarization technique. The focus of this Minireview is to highlight selected advances in the field of parahydrogen‐induced polarization for the production of hyperpolarized compounds, which can be potentially employed as inhalable contrast agents.
The beam energy measurement system is of great importance and profit for both BEPC-II accelerator and BES-III detector.The system is based on measuring the energies of Compton back-scattered photons.Many advanced techniques and precise instruments are employed to realize the highly accurate measurement of positron/electron beam energy.During five year's running period, in order to meet the requirement of data taking and improve the capacity of measurement itself, the upgradation of system is continued, which involve the component reformation of laser and optics subsystem, replacement of view-port of the laser to vacuum insertion subsystem, the purchase of electric cooling system for high purity germanium detector, and the improvement of data acquisition and processing subsystem.The upgrading of system guarantees the smooth and efficient measuring of beam energy at BEPC-II and accommodates the accurate offline energy values for further physics analysis at BES-III.
The properties of the orbitally excited (L=1) Bs(0) states are studied by using 1.0 fb(-1) of pp collisions at sqrt[s]=7 TeV collected with the LHCb detector. The first observation of the Bs2*(5840)(0) meson decaying to B*+ K- is reported, and the corresponding branching fraction measured relative to the B+ K- decay mode. The Bs1(5830)(0)→B*+ K- decay is observed as well. The width of the Bs2*(5840)(0) state is measured for the first time, and the masses of the two states are determined with the highest precision to date. The observation of the Bs2*(5840)(0)→B*+ K- decay favors the spin-parity assignment J(P)=2+ for the Bs2*(5840)(0) meson. In addition, the most precise measurement of the mass difference m(B*+)-m(B+)=45.01±0.30(stat)±0.23(syst) MeV/c(2) is obtained.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a class of small noncoding RNAs that plays an important role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Much evidence has demonstrated that miRNAs are involved in regulating the human and mouse pluripotency. Nevertheless, to our knowledge, miRNAs in the pluripotent stem cells of one of the most commonly used model organisms - the Rattus norvegicus have not been studied.

In the present study, we performed deep sequencing of small RNA molecules in the embryonic fibroblasts, embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells of laboratory rats. Bioinformatics analysis revealed 674 known miRNAs and 394 novel miRNA candidates in all of the samples.

Expression of known pluripotency-associated miRNAs, such as the miR-290-295 and miR-183-96-182 clusters as well as members of the miR-200 family, was detected in rat pluripotent stem cells. Analysis of the targets of differentially expressed known and novel miRNAs showed their involvement in the regulation of pluripotency and the reprogramming process in rats. Bioinformatics and systems biology approaches identified potential pathways that are regulated by these miRNAs. This study contributes to our understanding of miRNAs in the regulation of pluripotency and cell reprogramming in the laboratory rat.
We study starting turbulent round jets with variable density using Direct numerical simulations (DNS). A fully developed turbulent air flow at constant Reynolds number Re = 5300 is injected to space, filled with air, carbon dioxide or helium with a small co-flow, with variable density being due to the mixing of different gases. We compare the celerity factor, centreline velocity and dynamics of the vortex dipole in front of the jet between all the considered cases.
The study on anti-corruption expertise as a measure of corruption prevention touches on only certain aspects of this topic. In the section of the article devoted to the essence of the effectiveness of anti-corruption expertise, it is noted that the purpose of using anti-corruption expertise is to exclude from the legal space legal norms that create opportunities for corruption, but there is no audit of the effectiveness of the application of this particular norm of corruption prevention.

In the second part of the article, trends are analyzed that contribute to an increase in the effectiveness of anti-corruption expertise, and here the author relies on the advantages of public anti-corruption control.

The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it substantiates the need for an audit of the effectiveness of anti-corruption expertise - calculating the predicted result of reducing manifestations of corruption, which will indicate the real action of the institution of anti-corruption expertise. It also points to the need to increase the level of legal awareness of citizens by involving a wide range of people in conducting anti-corruption expertise. The scientific result of the study was the proposal for the need to change the requirements for persons wishing to obtain state accreditation as an independent expert for conducting anti-corruption expertise.
Quantitative metabolomic analysis was performed for eleven tissues of freshwater fish pike-perch ( Sander lucioperca ), including gill, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, muscle, brain, milt, lens, aqueous (AH) and vitreous (VH) humors with the use of NMR spectroscopy. The absolute values of concentrations were determined for more than 65 most abundant metabolites in every tissue.

It was found that from the metabolomic viewpoint, kidney and gill are the most similar tissues, while the metabolomic compositions of ocular tissues—lens, AH, and VH significantly differ from that of other tissues. The combinations of intracellular osmolytes and antioxidants are specific for every tissue. In particular, the concentration of antioxidant ovothiol A in the lens is much higher than in any other tissue, while the brain enjoys the elevated level of ascorbate. The most abundant osmolyte in the fish spleen, muscle, and heart is taurine, and in the brain, gill, and lens— myo -inositol. Other important osmolytes specific for particular tissues are N -acetyl-histidine, N -acetyl-aspartate, betaine, threonine-phosphoethanolamine, and serine-phosphoethanolamine. The quantitative data obtained in the present work can be used as the baseline metabolite concentrations in the fish tissues to evaluate the influence of seasonal, ecological and other factors on the fish metabolism.
Dendritic cells (DCs) control immune responses by modulating T and B cells towards effector or tolerogenic responses. In this study, we evaluated the effects of different immunosuppressive molecules on the phenotypic and functional characteristics of primary dendritic cells from C57BL/6 and CBA mice. DCs were derived from bone marrow cells in the presence of rmGM-CSF and rmIL-4. DCs were then treated with different types of immunosuppressive molecules (rmIL-10, rmTGF-β, and BAY 11-7082) and cocultured with syngeneic splenocytes. The amount of CD4+CD25hiFoxP3+ Tregs, IL-10 expression, and proliferation were evaluated. Tolerogenic factors were found to have different effects on DCs C57Bl/6 mice. In C57Bl/6 mice, BAY 11-7082 alone had no effect on the expression of DC maturation molecules (CD80, CD86). Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), alone and in combination with BAY 11-7082, reduced the expression of these molecules. Cocultivation of DCs with splenocytes in the presence of TGF-β and BAY 11-7082 favored regulatory T cell (CD4+CD25hiFoxP3+) differentiation and disfavored differentiation of CD4+ T cells producing IL-10. In CBA mice, we found that rmIL-10 and rmTGF-β have a weak effect on maturation of DCs and their functional properties to induce Treg cells and IL-10 production. These results indicate that TGF-β and IL-10 have different effects on the phenotypic and functional characteristics of DCs and that the NF-κB inhibitor, BAY 11-7082, has no synergistic effect on these treatments. In mice with an opposite nature of the immune response, the effects of immunoregulatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-b) differ on maturation of dendritic cells.
e+e− collider experiments at the intensity frontier are naturally suited to probe the existence of a force beyond the Standard Model between WIMPs, the most viable dark matter candidates.

The mediator of this new force, known as dark photon, should be a new vector gauge boson very weakly coupled to the Standard Model photon.

No significant signal has been observed so far. I will report on current limits set on the coupling factor ε2 between the photon and the dark photon by e+e− collider experiments.
In this work, we used a reference population of newborns and sampled dried blood spots on Guthrie cards of 2,739 individual samples to determine the reference intervals for TRECs and KRECs values, in order to diagnose primary immunodeficiency by means of neonatal screening.

The median absolute values for TRECs and KRECs were 195 (CI95%: 185-206) and 185 (CI95%: 176-197) copies per μl, respectively; the normalized value for TRECs was 2780 (CI95%: 2690-2840), and for KRECs, 2790 (CI95%: 2700-2900) copies per 2 × 10 5 copies of the albumin gene or 10 5 cells. The reference interval was calculated for 99 and 99.9 percentiles of total TRECs and KRECs individual values. Due to asymmetric distribution of data, the outliers were filtered off, using the Tukey’s criterion applied after logarithmic transformation of the data. When analyzing absolute values for TREC/KREC (per μL of blood), no 'drop-down' TRECs values were identified; for KRECs, 18 experimental values were excluded from further analysis (from 9.8 to 13.5). The outlying values were not identified among the normalized values of TRECs/KRECs.

The obtained reference values for TRECs and KRECs (at the 0.1 percentile level) were, respectively, 458 and 32 per 10 5 cells, or 23 and 17 per μl of blood samples from neonates.
В спектрах фотопроводимости структур HgTe/Cd x Hg 1-x Te (КРТ) с квантовыми ямами обнаружена длинноволновая полоса, образованная переходами между состояниями, связанными с валентной зоной.

Был проведен расчет с учетом химического сдвига спектра энергетических состояний вакансий ртути в квантовых ямах КРТ структур.

Показано, что наблюдаемая в спектрах фотопроводимости этих структур длинноволновая полоса связана с ионизацией двухвалентных акцепторных центров, которыми являются такие вакансии.
During 2006, H5N1 HPAI caused an epizootic in wild birds, resulting in a die-off of Laridae in the Novosibirsk region at Chany Lake. In the present study, we infected common gulls (Larus canus) with a high dose of the H5N1 HPAI virus isolated from a common gull to determine if severe disease could be induced over the 28 day experimental period. Moderate clinical signs including diarrhea, conjunctivitis, respiratory distress and neurological signs were observed in virus-inoculated birds, and 50% died. The most common microscopic lesions observed were necrosis of the pancreas, mild encephalitis, mild myocarditis, liver parenchymal hemorrhages, lymphocytic hepatitis, parabronchi lumen hemorrhages and interstitial pneumonia. High viral titers were shed from the oropharyngeal route and virus was still detected in one bird at 25 days after infection. In the cloaca, the virus was detected sporadically in lower titers. The virus was transmitted to direct contact gulls. Thus, infected gulls can pose a significant risk of H5N1 HPAIV transmission to other wild migratory waterfowl and pose a risk to more susceptible poultry species. These findings have important implications regarding the mode of transmission and potential risks of H5N1 HPAI spread by gulls.
The width of the f 1 (1285) → e+e + e - decay is calculated in the vector meson dominance model.

The result depends on the relative phase between two coupling constants describing f 1 → ρ 0 γ decay. Direct f 1 production in e+e + e - collisions is discussed, and the e+e + e - → f 1 → a 0 π → ηππ cross section is calculated.

The width Γ( f 1 → e+e + e - ) is estimated to be ≃ 0:07 - 0:19 eV. Charge asymmetry in the e+e + e - → ηπ + π - reaction due to interference between e+e + e - → f 1 and e+e + e - → ηρ 0 amplitudes is studied.
The use of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) results in fewer adverse and more improved outcomes. However, the literature data describing the factors increasing the number of complications, reoperation frequency and unscheduled re-hospitalizations in older patients after MIS are contradictory. In this study, a large number of patients was investigated for the complications of minimally invasive surgical treatment of degenerative disease of the lumbar spine in older patients. The objective of the study was to determine the predictors of unfavorable outcomes in such patients.1,013 patients underwent MIS (decompression alone, TLIF, LLIF, ALIF) in 2013-2017. All operations were performed with the participation of the authors (neurosurgeons). The patient's average age was 66. The following data were collected: BMI; CCI; presence of postoperative complications according to the Dindo-Clavien classification; unplanned readmission at 90 days; hospital length of stay (LOS); surgical complexity (low, intermediate, and high); surgical time; and risk factors. The cumulative reoperation rate was determined at 5-years follow-up.A total of 256 patients suffered a complication (25.2%), 226 classified as mild (grade I, II, IIIA), and 30 - as severe (IIIB, IVA). Such factors as the surgical complexity, BMI > 30, surgical time, number of operated levels were associated with a significant risk of developing a complication. For patients with and without complications, LOS was 9.3 and 6.3 days, respectively (p < 0.0001), the unplanned readmission rate was 1.3%. 104 patients underwent 133 revision operations. The 5-year cumulative reoperation rate was 15.2%, and the reoperation index was 12.1%. The CCI had no statistically significant effect on the complication incidence after MIS. A higher risk of complications was found in patients who underwent intermediate-complexity surgery (MIS TLIF) compared with uncompounded (decompression alone) and more complex (MIS LLIF, MIS ALIF) surgical procedures (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively).A register of postoperative complications is an important tool for health quality assessment and choosing the best surgical option that helps to establish measures to reduce such complications. Using MIS for the treatment of elderly patients reduces the number of severe complications.
The three epidemiologically important Opisthorchiidae liver flukes Opisthorchis felineus, O. viverrini, and Clonorchis sinensis, are believed to harbour similar potencies to provoke hepatobiliary diseases in their definitive hosts, although their populations have substantially different ecogeographical aspects including habitat, preferred hosts, population structure. Lack of O. felineus genomic data is an obstacle to the development of comparative molecular biological approaches necessary to obtain new knowledge about the biology of Opisthorchiidae trematodes, to identify essential pathways linked to parasite-host interaction, to predict genes that contribute to liver fluke pathogenesis and for the effective prevention and control of the disease.Here we present the first draft genome assembly of O. felineus and its gene repertoire accompanied by a comparative analysis with that of O. viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis. We observed both noticeably high heterozygosity of the sequenced individual and substantial genetic diversity in a pooled sample. This indicates that potency of O. felineus population for rapid adaptive response to control and preventive measures of opisthorchiasis is higher than in O. viverrini and C. sinensis. We also have found that all three species are characterized by more intensive involvement of trans-splicing in RNA processing compared to other trematodes.All revealed peculiarities of structural organization of genomes are of extreme importance for a proper description of genes and their products in these parasitic species. This should be taken into account both in academic and applied research of epidemiologically important liver flukes. Further comparative genomics studies of liver flukes and non-carcinogenic flatworms allow for generation of well-grounded hypotheses on the mechanisms underlying development of cholangiocarcinoma associated with opisthorchiasis and clonorchiasis as well as species-specific mechanisms of these diseases.
Some viral strains of the Paramyxoviridae family may be used as anti-tumor agents. Oncolytic paramyxoviruses include attenuated strains of the measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, and Sendai virus.

These viral strains, and the Sendai virus in particular, can preferentially induce the death of malignant, rather than normal, cells. The death of cancer cells results from both direct killing by the virus and through virus-induced activation of anticancer immunity. Sialic-acid-containing glycoproteins that are overexpressed in cancer cells serve as receptors for some oncolytic paramyxoviruses and ensure preferential interaction of paramyxoviruses with malignant cells. Frequent genetic defects in interferon and apoptotic response systems that are common to cancer cells ensure better susceptibility of malignant cells to viruses. The Sendai virus as a Paramyxovirus is capable of inducing the formation of syncytia, multinuclear cell structures which promote viral infection spread within a tumor without virus exposure to host neutralizing antibodies. Oncolytic paramyxoviruses can also promote the immune-mediated elimination of malignant cells. In particular, they are powerful inducers of interferon and other cytokynes promoting antitumor activity of various cell components of the immune response, such as dendritic and natural killer cells, as well as cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

As a result, the Sendai virus can cause mass killing of malignant cells and tumor destruction. Taken together these mechanisms explain the impressive oncolytic activity of paramyxoviruses that hold promise as future, efficient anticancer therapeutics.
Compression of β-chlorpropamide gives different phases depending on the choice of non-dissolving pressure-transmitting fluid (paraffin, neon and helium).
In the review, the results of research in the field of heavy crudes upgrading in the presence of water are presented, depending on water phase states at temperatures ca.150-550 ºС.In this temperature region, water can be in the subcritical state (compressed hot water at T = 100 -374 ºС and saturated water vapor pressure), in the form of supercritical fluid (T ≥ 374 ºС, P ≥ 22.1 MPa) and in the form of superheated steam (at P < saturated water vapor pressure).Features of the heavy crudes upgrading including mechanisms of water involving in reactions with hydrocarbon feedstocks and model compounds as well as features of the use of catalysts are reviewed.
This article presents the results of interdisciplinary studies of gold artifacts from the elite Xiongnu burials at Noin-Ula (Noyon Uul, Mongolia, early 1st millennium AD), excavated by the Russian-Mongolian expedition in 2006–2012. Using scanning electron microscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, 17 artifacts were analyzed. These include ornaments from coffi ns and clothes, made by Chinese artisans. Results suggest that they were all made of native gold, similar to that from the known deposits of Mongolia in terms of elemental composition (for comparison, we used an electronic database relating to 3338 samples of Mongolian native gold). Results of statistical tests suggest that placer deposits were the most probable source of the gold. The results do not contradict the idea that Chinese artisans used Mongolian gold. During the Han era, the Xiongnu could have been among their principal providers. The relationships between the two empires and peoples were always benefi cial for the Xiongnu. Enjoying the numerous achievements of the Han civilization, they offered too little in return. One of the ways the Han dynasty could have benefi ted from their tumultuous neighbors was to receive native gold from them.
The liquid and lyophilized blood plasma of patients with benign or malignant thyroid nodules and healthy individuals were studied by terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy and machine learning.

A two-stage ensemble algorithm was proposed for the THz spectra analysis. The first stage was based on the Support Vector Machine with a linear kernel to separate healthy and thyroid nodule participants. The second stage included additional data preprocessing by Ornstein-Uhlenbeck kernel Principal Component Analysis to separate benign and malignant thyroid nodule participants.

The blood plasma samples from malignant nodule patients were shown to have higher absorption. The glucose concentration and miRNA-146b level were correlated with the sample's absorption at 1 THz. Thus, the distinction of malignant and benign thyroid nodule patients through their lyophilized blood plasma analysis by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and machine learning was demonstrated.