Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The antiviral activity of recombinant human IFN-lambda type 1 (IFNλ-1) against culture strain of SARS-CoV-2 virus was determined

by infecting a highly sensitive VeroE6 coronavirus cell culture after preincubation test (the cell monolayer was incubated with 4-fold dilutions of IFNλ-1 in a concentration range of 0.16-42,500 ng/ml in a culture medium for 12 h at 37°C) and without preincubation (simultaneous addition of different concentrations of IFNλ-1 and SARS-CoV-2 infection in a dose of 102 TCID50)

The created recombinant human IFNλ-1 demonstrated obvious antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus in vitro. In the tests with and without preincubation, IFNλ-1 exhibited significant activity, although somewhat lower in variant with simultaneous addition of IFNλ-1 and virus to the cell culture. It should be noted that the antiviral effect of IFNλ-1 was observed in a wide range of concentrations.
The WASA-at-COSY experiment has collected $3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{7}$ events with $\ensuremath{\eta}$ mesons produced via the reaction $pd\ensuremath{\rightarrow}^{3}\mathrm{He}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\eta}$ at $\mathrm{T}=1.0\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{GeV}$.

Using this data set, we evaluate the branching ratios of the decays $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$, $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$, $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, and $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. The branching ratios are normalized to the $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ decay.

In addition an upper limit on a $CP$-violating asymmetry in $\ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ is extracted.
B chromosomes are dispensable and variable karyotypic elements found in some species of animals, plants and fungi. They often originate from duplications and translocations of host genomic regions or result from hybridization. In most species, little is known about their DNA content. Here we perform high-throughput sequencing and analysis of B chromosomes of roe deer and brocket deer, the only representatives of Cetartiodactyla known to have B chromosomes.
We have searched for B_{s}^{0}->hh decays, where h stands for a charged or neutral kaon, or a charged pion. These results are based on a 23.6 fb^{-1} data sample collected with the Belle detector on the \Upsilon(5S) resonance at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider, containing 1.25x10^6 B_{s}^{(*)}\bar{B}_{s}^{(*)} events. We observe the decay B_{s}^{0}->K^{+}K^{-} and measure its branching fraction, \mathcal{B}(B_{s}^{0}->K^{+}K^{-}) = [3.8_{-0.9}^{+1.0}(\mathrm{stat})\pm 0.5(\mathrm{syst})\pm 0.5(f_s)] \times 10^{-5}. The first error is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third error is due to the uncertainty in the B^0_s production fraction in $e^+e^-\to b\bar{b}$ events. No significant signals are seen in other decay modes, and we set upper limits at 90% confidence level: \mathcal{B}(B_{s}^{0}->K^-\pi^{+})\pi^{+}\pi^{-})K^0\bar{K}^0) < 6.6\times 10^{-5}.
Immunoglobulins are known to combine various effector mechanisms of the adaptive and the innate immune system. Classical immunoglobulin functions are associated with antigen recognition and the initiation of innate immune responses. However, in addition to classical functions, antibodies exhibit a variety of non-canonical functions related to the destruction of various pathogens due to catalytic activity and cofactor effects, the action of antibodies as agonists/antagonists of various receptors, the control of bacterial diversity of the intestine, etc.

In this review, catalytic antibodies will be considered in more detail, since their formation is associated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. We will systematically summarize the diversity of catalytic antibodies in normal and pathological conditions.

Canonical and non-canonical functions reflect the extreme human antibody repertoire and the variety of antibody types generated in the organism: antigen-specific, natural, polyreactive, broadly neutralizing, homophilic, bispecific and catalytic. The therapeutic effects of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) are associated with both the canonical and non-canonical functions of antibodies. Translational perspectives of knowledge about natural antibodies for IVIg therapy will be also discussed.
The Cryogenian geological record of Siberia is scarce and ambiguous. Late Neoproterozoic strata of presumed glaciogenic origin of the Marnya Formation, Oselok Group cropping out along the Uda River in the Eastern Sayan Ranges, south‐western Siberia has received considerable attention due to the presence of at least three distinctive diamictite units. The lower diamictite unit (Karapchetui Member) is in subvertical contact (previously interpreted as a glacial valley) with stratigraphically older strata of the Tagul and Ipsit formations of the Karagas Group, and is represented by a wedge‐shaped unit of breccia that hosts numerous ellipsoidal sandstone bodies (previously thought to be boulders).

The boulders are here reinterpreted as early diagenetic quartz and feldspar‐cemented sandstone concretions exhumed and redeposited from the Ipsit Formation when the latter was still uncemented and easily erodible. Tectonic compression, reverse faulting and localised continuous syndepositional uplift led to exhumation of the concretions, whereas subsequent extension, reactivation of the fault and ‘negative inversion’ of the basin produced accommodation space for redeposition of the exhumed concretions. In the process of redeposition, exfoliating concretions produced abundant debris that provided clasts for the breccia deposit.

The Karapchetui diamictite, therefore, can serve as a sedimentary archive of late Neoproterozoic tectonic activity at the south‐western margin of the Siberian Craton.
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) jet device is developed and CAP jet was applied for the treatment of normal and cancer cells. The characteristics of plasma jet consisting of a sequence of cathode directed streamers are studied in the experiment and numerical fluid model simulations. A content of mixture of active radicals and ions due to plasma enhanced chemical reactions is calculated with 0D chemical model near the surface of biotarget. The evolution of spatial distribution of the streamer parameters (electric field, electron and ion density, electron energy) delivered by the streamer to the biotarget is calculated. The results of cell viability analysis of normal cells, HEK 293 (kidney embryonic stem cells) and malignant cells, A431 (skin carcinoma) demonstrate the different sensitivity to the indirect CAP jet treatment.
Using a sample of (470.9 +- 2.8) x 10^6 BB-bar pairs

we measure the decay branching fraction B(B^0 -> D^*- pi^+ pi^- pi^+) = (7.26 +- 0.11 +- 0.31) x 10^-3, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic

Our measurement will be helpful in studies of lepton universality by measuring B(B^0 -> D^*- tau^+ nu_tau) using tau^+ -> pi^+ pi^- pi^+ nu-bar_tau decays, normalized to B(B^0 -> D^*- pi^+ pi^- pi^+
The exclusive production of one ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ pair in collisions of two ultrarelativistic nuclei is considered. We present a simple method for the calculation of the Born cross section for this process based on an improved equivalent photon approximation. We find that the Coulomb corrections to this cross section (corresponding to multiphoton exchange of the produced ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ with the nuclei) are small, whereas the unitarity corrections (corresponding to the exchange of light-by-light blocks between nuclei) are large. This is in sharp contrast to the exclusive ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ pair production where the Coulomb corrections to the Born cross section are large, whereas the unitarity corrections are small. We calculate also the cross section for the production of one ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ pair and several ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ pairs in the leading logarithmic approximation. Using this cross section we find that the inclusive production of ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ pair coincides in this approximation with its Born value.
We report the first observation of the processes ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(1\mathrm{S},2\mathrm{S})\ensuremath{\eta}$ at $\sqrt{s}=10.866\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$, with significance exceeding $10\ensuremath{\sigma}$ for both processes. The measured Born cross sections are $\ensuremath{\sigma}({e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(2\mathrm{S})\ensuremath{\eta})=2.07\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.21\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.19\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{pb}$, and $\ensuremath{\sigma}({e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(1\mathrm{S})\ensuremath{\eta})=0.42\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{pb}$. We also set the upper limit on the cross section of the process ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(1\mathrm{S}){\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ to be $\ensuremath{\sigma}({e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(1\mathrm{S}){\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}})<0.037\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{pb}$ at 90% C.L. The results are obtained with the data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider in the energy range from 10.63 to 11.02 GeV.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate sperm quality and reproductive hormonal level in an unselected population of men who were permanent residents of the Yakutsk city and compare the semen and hormonal parameters with the World Health Organization (WHO, 2001) recommended normal values and the results from other countries.

A total of 145 men (mean age 24,1 years) agreed to be included in the study. All the volunteers completed a questionnaire, received a general and reproductive health examination by an andrologist, gave semen and blood samples.

We found that the means were 34,69 × 106 spermatozoa/mL for sperm concentration and 39,6% for total motile spermatozoa. Among all volunteers studied 4,3% had azoospermia, 27,0% reported oligozoospermia, 68,1% ― asthenozoospermia. There are no differences between Yakut and Slavs in anthropometric, hormonal or sperm measures, but height and ejaculate volume were higher in Slavs than Yakut men. The data obtained indicated high frequency of suboptimal quality of sperm in males of both nations from this Siberian region in comparison with other Russian regions or European countries.
The present paper is dedicated to the development of a method for the nitrobenzene production using solid acid catalysts, as an alternative to industrial nitration, based on a mixture of concentrated acids. The influence of key parameters of the nitration process (temperature, reagent flow rate, nitrating agent concentration etc.) on the conversion of the initial substrate, the degree of decomposition of nitric acid and the quantity of resulting oxygenates was studied. Recommendations for the selection of effective catalytic systems (high content of Brønsted acid sites with Ho < −4, high specific surface and resistance to HNO3) were developed and the best conditions for process reactions (temperature 200 °C, aqueous solution of nitric acid with concentration of 30 wt%, "nitric acid:benzene" ratio = 0.76) were found. A method for regeneration of the catalytic activity without unloading the catalyst was proposed. As an example, MoO3/SiO2 sample was tested in a dual-mode nitration/regeneration process, which allowed us to increase the flow rates of reagents and obtain catalyst efficiency of up to STY = 4.09 g/(gcat ⋅ h). Several of the most promising catalysts (MoO3/SiO2, WO3/ZrO2 and Nafion/support composite) for the process were tested in identical conditions.
This Letter presents measurements of correlated production of nearby jets in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} = 2.76$ TeV using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

The measurement was performed using 0.14 ${\rm nb}^{-1}$ of data recorded in 2011. The production of correlated jet pairs was quantified using the rate, $R_{\Delta R}$, of "neighbouring" jets that accompany "test" jets within a given range of angular distance, $\Delta R$, in the pseudorapidity--azimuthal angle plane. The jets were measured in the ATLAS calorimeter and were reconstructed using the anti-$k_{t}$ algorithm with radius parameters $d = 0.2$, $0.3$, and $0.4$. $R_{\Delta R}$ was measured in different Pb+Pb collision centrality bins, characterized by the total transverse energy measured in the forward calorimeters.

A centrality dependence of $R_{\Delta R}$ is observed for all three jet radii with $R_{\Delta R}$ found to be lower in central collisions than in peripheral collisions. The ratios formed by the $R_{\Delta R}$ values in different centrality bins and the values in the 40-80 % centrality bin are presented.
A recent lower bound on the number of edges in a k-critical n-vertex graph by Kostochka and Yancey yields a half-page proof of the celebrated Gr\"otzsch Theorem that every planar triangle-free graph is 3-colorable. In this paper we use the same bound to give short proofs of other known theorems on 3-coloring of planar graphs, among whose is the Gr\"unbaum-Aksenov Theorem that every planar with at most three triangles is 3-colorable. We also prove the new result that every graph obtained from a triangle-free planar graph by adding a vertex of degree at most four is 3-colorable.
Hundreds of millions of people worldwide are infected by various species of parasitic flatworms. Without treatment, acute and chronical infections frequently lead to the development of severe pathologies and even death. Emerging data on a decreasing efficiency of some important anthelmintic compounds and the emergence of resistance to them force the search for alternative drugs. Parasitic flatworms have complex life cycles, are laborious and expensive in culturing, and have a range of anatomic and physiological adaptations that complicate the application of standard molecular-biological methods.

On the other hand, free-living flatworm species, evolutionarily close to parasitic flatworms, do not have the abovementioned difficulties, which makes them potential alternative models to search for and study homologous genes. In this review, we describe the use of the basal free-living flatworm Macrostomum lignano as such a model. M. lignano has a number of convenient biological and experimental properties, such as fast reproduction, easy and non-expensive laboratory culturing, optical body transparency, obligatory sexual reproduction, annotated genome and transcriptome assemblies, and the availability of modern molecular methods, including transgenesis, gene knockdown by RNA interference, and in situ hybridization. All this makes M. lignano amenable to the most modern approaches of forward and reverse genetics, such as transposon insertional mutagenesis and methods of targeted genome editing by the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

Due to the availability of an increasing number of genome and transcriptome assemblies of different parasitic flatworm species, new knowledge generated by studying M. lignano can be easily translated to parasitic flatworms with the help of modern bioinformatic methods of comparative genomics and transcriptomics. In support of this, we provide the results of our bioinformatics search and analysis of genes homologous between M. lignano and parasitic flatworms, which predicts a list of promising gene targets for subsequent research.
Разработанаматематическая модель регуляции локальной трансляции белков постсинаптической плотности (PSD) в ответ на стимуляцию глютамат-зависимых рецепторов mGluR.Центральным звеном этой системы является mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) сигнальный путь.Анализ динамического поведения модели в зависимости от параметров активации и блокирования cap-зависимой трансляции в активированном синапсе показал высокий хаотический потенциал системы и возможность возникновения сложной динамики (колебательной и хаотической) синтеза постсинаптических белков, а также наличие множественных аттракторов в физиологической области функционирования системы локальной трансляции Эти результаты позволяют предположить, что в основе известных фактов аутистических расстройств и эпилепсии, связанных с нарушением регуляции mTOR сигнального каскада, лежат нарушения стабильности протеома, связанные с формированием сложных динамических режимов синтеза белков PSD
The results of experimental studies of the Shubnikov--de Haas (SdH) effect in the $(013)\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{HgTe}/{\mathrm{Hg}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Cd}}_{x}\mathrm{Te}$ quantum wells (QWs) of electron type of conductivity both with normal and inverted energy spectrum are reported. Comprehensive analysis of the SdH oscillations measured for the different orientations of magnetic field relative to the quantum well plane and crystallographic exes allows us to investigate the anisotropy of the Zeeman effect. For the QWs with inverted spectrum, it has been shown that the ratio of the spin splitting to the orbital one is strongly dependent not only on the orientation of the magnetic field relative to the QW plane but also on the orientation of the in-plane magnetic field component relative to crystallographic axes laying in the QW plane that implies the strong anisotropy of in-plane $g$-factor. In the QW with normal spectrum, this ratio strongly depends on the angle between the magnetic field and the normal to the QW plane and reveals a very slight anisotropy in the QW plane. To interpret the data, the Landau levels in the tilted magnetic field are calculated within the framework of four-band kP model. It is shown that the experimental results can be quantitatively described only with taking into account the interface inversion asymmetry.
For compact manifolds with infinite fundamental group we present sufficient topological or metric conditions ensuring the existence of two geometrically distinct closed geodesics. We also extend results about generic Riemannian metrics to Finsler metrics. We show a bumpy metrics theorem for Finsler metrics and prove that a $$C^4$$ C4 -generic Finsler metric on a compact and simply-connected manifold carries infinitely many closed geodesics.
In this study we demonstrated that exposure of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) to terahertz (THz) radiation resulted in a change in the activities of the tdcABCDEFGR and matA–F genes (signs of cell aggregation), gene yjjQ (signs of suppression of cell motility), dicABCF , FtsZ , and minCDE genes (signs of suppression of cell division), sfmACDHF genes (signs of adhesin synthesis), yjbEFGH and gfcA genes (signs of cell envelope stabilization). Moreover, THz radiation induced E. coli csg operon genes of amyloid biosynthesis. Electron microscopy revealed that the irradiated bacteria underwent increased aggregation; 20% of them formed bundle-like structures consisting of two to four pili clumped together.

This could be the result of changes in the adhesive properties of the pili. We also found aberrations in cell wall structure in the middle part of the bacterial cell; these aberrations impaired the cell at the initial stages of division and resulted in accumulation of long rod-like cells. Overall, THz radiation was shown to have adverse effects on bacterial populations resulting in cells with abnormal morphology.
. The efficiency of natural and artificial selection is critically dependent on the recombination rate. However, interbreed and individual variation in recombination rate in poultry remains unknown. Conventional methods of analysis of recombination such as genetic linkage analysis, sperm genotyping and chiasma count at lampbrush chromosomes are expensive and time-consuming. In this study, we analyzed the number and distribution of recombination nodules in spermatocytes of the roosters of six chicken breeds using immunolocalization of key proteins involved in chromosome pairing and recombination. We revealed significant effects of breed (R2=0.17; p<0.001) and individual (R2=0.28; p<0.001) on variation in the number of recombination nodules. Both interbreed and individual variations in recombination rate were almost entirely determined by variation in recombination density on macrochromosomes, because almost all microchromosomes in each breed had one recombination nodule. Despite interbreed differences in the density of recombination nodules, the patterns of their distribution along homologous chromosomes were similar. The breeds examined in this study showed a correspondence between the age of the breed and its recombination rate. Those with high recombination rates (Pervomai, Russian White and Brahma) are relatively young breeds created by crossing several local breeds. The breeds displaying low recombination rate are ancient local breeds: Cochin (Indo-China), Brown Leghorn (Tuscany, Italy) and Russian Crested (the European part of Russia).
We investigate oxygen-deficient anatase using quantum-chemical simulation within the density functional theory.

It was found that the most energetically favorable spatial configuration of an oxygen polyvacancy is a three-dimensional chain in crystallographic direction [100] or [010]. The ability of oxygen polyvacancy in the form of a chain to act as a conductive filament and to participate in the resistive switching is discussed.
Random fiber lasers operating via the Rayleigh scattering (RS) feedback attract now a great deal of attention as they generate a high-quality unidirectional laser beam with the efficiency and performance comparable and even exceeding those of fiber lasers with conventional cavities. Similar to other random lasers, both amplification and random scattering are distributed here along the laser medium being usually represented by a kilometers-long passive fiber with Raman gain. However, it is hardly possible to utilize normal gain in conventional active fibers as they are usually short and RS is negligible.

Here we report on the first demonstration of the RS-based random lasing in an active fiber. This became possible due to the implementation of a new Bi-doped fiber with an increased amplification length and RS coefficient.

The realized Bi-fiber random laser generates in a specific spectral region (1.42 μm) exhibiting unique features, in particular, a much narrower linewidth than that in conventional cavity of the same length, in agreement with the developed theory. Lasers of this type have a great potential for applications as Bi-doped fibers with different host compositions enable laser operation in an extremely broad range of wavelengths, 1.15–1.78 μm.
A theoretical comparison of the sub-Gramian method with other methods of modal analysis is provided.

In this paper we discuss an application of the spectral decompositions of Gramians for the small-signal and transient stability analysis of electric power systems. Eigen-parts in these decompositions were named sub-Gramians.

In order to demonstrate the potential of using the sub-Gramian method we apply it to the small-signal stability analysis of the IEEE 57-bus test model and compare it with the standard method of using eigenvalues.
soliton rain regime of an ultralong fiber laser

experimental evidence for soliton bunching mediated by forward Brillouin scattering

spatio-temporal dynamics show an initial acceleration followed by self-organization of the rain solitons