Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Self-organization of a cloud of liquid micro-droplets into an ordered two-dimensional array, levitating over a heated layer of liquid due to upward vapor flow, has been observed in several recent experimental works.

In the present paper, the levitating micro-droplet array is studied under the condition when the liquid layer ruptures and a dry spot form on the heater.

It has been found, that when the levitating micro-droplets are moving from wetted heater area to dry heater area and passing over the contact line, the micro-droplets levitation height is drastically increased, which is indicative of the intensive evaporation occurring in the region of the contact line.
A search for the decays ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{h}_{c}{K}^{+}$ and ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{h}_{c}{K}_{S}^{0}$ is performed. Evidence for the decay ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{h}_{c}{K}^{+}$ is found; its significance is $4.8\ensuremath{\sigma}$. No evidence is found for ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{h}_{c}{K}_{S}^{0}$. The branching fraction for ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{h}_{c}{K}^{+}$ is measured to be $({3.7}_{\ensuremath{-}0.9}^{+1.0}{\text{ }}_{\ensuremath{-}0.8}^{+0.8})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$; the upper limit for the ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{h}_{c}{K}_{S}^{0}$ branching fraction is $1.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ at 90% C.L. In addition, a study of the $p\overline{p}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ invariant mass distribution in the channel ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}(p\overline{p}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}){K}^{+}$ results in the first observation of the decay ${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}(2S)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}p\overline{p}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ with $12.1\ensuremath{\sigma}$ significance. The analysis is based on the $711\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ data sample collected by the Belle detector at the asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider KEKB at the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4S)$ resonance.
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive tumor primarily associated with asbestos exposure. Early detection of MPM is restricted by the long latency period until clinical presentation, the ineffectiveness of imaging techniques in early stage detection and the lack of non-invasive biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study we used transcriptome data mining in order to determine which CLAUDIN (CLDN) genes are differentially expressed in MPM as compared to controls. Using the same approach we identified the interactome of the differentially expressed CLDN genes and assessed their expression profile. Subsequently, we evaluated the effect of tumor histology, asbestos exposure, CDKN2A deletion status, and gender on the gene expression level of the claudin interactome. We found that 5 out of 15 studied CLDNs (4, 5, 8, 10, 15) and 4 out of 27 available interactors (S100B, SHBG, CDH5, CXCL8) were differentially expressed in MPM specimens vs. healthy tissues. The genes encoding the CLDN-15 and S100B proteins present differences in their expression profile between the three histological subtypes of MPM. Moreover, CLDN-15 is significantly under-expressed in the cohort of patients with previous history of asbestos exposure. CLDN-15 was also found significantly underexpressed in patients lacking the CDKN2A gene. These results warrant the detailed in vitro investigation of the role of CDLN-15 in the pathobiology of MPM.
The concept of informativeness of plasma physics scenarios is explained. Natural ideas of developing highly informative models of plasma kinetics are spelled out. The current stage of their adaptation to modeling plasma Coulomb collisions is re-ported. The remaining problems in the creation of a highly informative kinetic model of the collisional evolution of homogeneous unmagnetized plasma are clarified.
The food-borne trematode Opisthorchis felineus colonizes bile ducts of the liver of fish-eating mammals including humans. Among chronically infected individuals, this opisthorchiasis involves hepatobiliary problems, including chronic inflammation, periductal fibrosis, biliary intraepithelial neoplasia, and even cholangiocarcinoma. Despite numerous studies at the pathomorphological level, the systemic response and cellular pathogenesis of these disorders are not well studied. To conduct in-depth research and to gain insights into the mechanism by which O. felineus infection causes precancerous liver lesions, we (i) applied a next-generation-sequencing–based technology (high-throughput mRNA sequencing) to identify differentially expressed genes in the liver of golden hamsters infected with O. felineus at 1 and 3 months postinfection and (ii) verified the most pronounced changes in gene expression by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. A total of 2151 genes were found to be differentially expressed between uninfected and infected hamsters ("infection" factor), whereas 371 genes were differentially expressed when we analyzed "time × infection" interaction. Cluster analysis revealed that sets of activated genes of cellular pathways were different between acute (1 month postinfection) and chronic (3 months postinfection) opisthorchiasis. This enriched KEGG pathways were "Cell adhesion molecules", "Hippo signaling", "ECM-receptor interaction", "Cell cycle", "TGF-beta", and "P53 signaling". Moreover, epithelial–mesenchymal transition was the most enriched (q-value = 2.2E-07) MSigDB hallmark in the set of differentially expressed genes of all O. felineus–infected animals. Transcriptomic data were supported by the results of western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealing the upregulation of vimentin, N-cadherin, and α-smooth muscle actin postinfection. Our data expand knowledge about global changes in gene expression in the O. felineus–infected host liver and contribute to understanding the biliary neoplasia associated with the liver fluke infection.
The measurements of the plasma velocity in the SMOLA helical mirror by observation of the Doppler shift of the Hα spectral lines emission were done by high spatial resolution spectrometer.

A set of experiments was carried out with the different configuration and amplitude of the magnetic field. Potential is driven by plasma gun potentials. The radial distribution of the Doppler shift of the Hα line is used to calculate the velocity of neutral hydrogen.

which gives the estimate of the plasma rotation velocity ω ≈ 106 s−1. The indicated velocity corresponds to the presence of the radial electric field E ∼ 70 V/cm. The dependence of the plasma rotation velocity on the radial profile of the electrostatic potential is discussed.
Terahertz surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors have been regarded as a promising technology in biomedicine due to their real-time, label-free, and ultrasensitive monitoring features. Different authors have suggested a lot of SPR sensors, including those based on 2D and 3D metamaterials, subwavelength gratings, graphene, and graphene nanotube, as well as others. However, one of the traditional approaches to realize high sensitivity SPR sensors based on metal diffraction gratings has been studied poorly in the terahertz frequency range.

In this article, a linear metal rectangular diffraction grating with high aspect ratio is studied. The influence of the grating structure parameters on the sensor sensitivity is simulated. Effects arising from different ratios of depth and width were discovered and explained.

The results show that the sensitivity can be increased to 2.26 THz/RIU when the refractive index range of the gas to measure is between 1 and 1.002 with the resolution 5×10-5 RIU.
This article is devoted to the analysis of social and cultural transformation of communities in remote regions of Siberia where people have been forced to adapt to new places of residence and change their living conditions sharply.Whole communities were forced to relocate and to adapt to new conditions following the construction of hydroelectric power stations and the subsequent creation of reservoirs, flooding once inhabited territories and villages.This study makes use of sociological research conducted in two regions of Siberia: Kezhemsky and Evenkiysky Municipal Districts of Krasnoyarsk Krai.Our study shows that the elimination of stable family and friend networks accompanies displacement inevitably.The situation is exacerbated by the fact that when planning for the construction of giant hydroelectric power stations, authorities have not taken into consideration the interests of the local population -neither in the Soviet period nor in the post-Soviet period.The authors show that most of the inhabitants of the flooded villages on the Angara are now living in suburbs of major cities like Krasnoyarsk and Abakan and that they are rapidly losing their former identity.It is rare that existing modes of living are maintained through refusal to move to other regions of the country.In one case the unique local culture of descendants of Pomors, who moved to the banks of the Angara several centuries ago, has been lost due to forced displacement.In Evenkiysky District, the preservation of many cultural practices and traditions is possible only if there is no construction of proposed hydroelectric power stations.
This article considers method of describing the behaviour of hemodynamic parameters near vascular pathologies. We study the influence of arterial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations on the vascular system. The proposed method involves using generalized model of Van der Pol-Duffing to find out the characteristic behaviour of blood flow parameters. These parameters are blood velocity and pressure in the vessel. The velocity and pressure are obtained during the neurosurgery measurements. It is noted that substituting velocity on the right side of the equation gives good pressure approximation. Thus, the model reproduces clinical data well enough. In regard to the right side of the equation, it means external impact on the system. The harmonic functions with various frequencies and amplitudes are substituted on the right side of the equation to investigate its properties. Besides, variation of the right side parameters provides additional information about pressure. Non-linear analogue of Nyquist diagrams is used to find out how the properties of solution depend on the parameter values. We have analysed 60 cases with aneurysms and 14 cases with arteriovenous malformations. It is shown that the diagrams are divided into classes. Also, the classes are replaced by another one in the definite order with increasing of the right side amplitude.
In humans and other vertebrates pannexin protein family was discovered by homology to invertebrate gap junction proteins. Several biological functions were attributed to three vertebrate pannexins members. Six clinically significant independent variants of the PANX1 gene lead to human infertility and oocyte development defects, and the Arg217His variant was associated with pronounced symptoms of primary ovarian failure, severe intellectual disability, sensorineural hearing loss, and kyphosis. At the same time, only mild phenotypes were observed in Panx1 knockout mice. In addition, a passenger mutation was identified in a popular line of Panx1 knockout mice, questioning even those effects.

Using CRISPR/Cas9, we created a new line of Panx1 knockout mice and a new line of mice with the clinically significant Panx1 substitution (Arg217His). In both cases, we observed no significant changes in mouse size, weight, or fertility. In addition, we attempted to reproduce a previous study on sleep/wake and locomotor activity functions in Panx1 knockout mice and found that previously reported effects were probably not caused by the Panx1 knockout itself.

We consider that the pathological role of Arg217His substitution in Panx1, and some Panx1 functions in general calls for a re-evaluation.
Steroid sapogenin diosgenin is of significant interest due to its biological activity and synthetic application.

A consecutive one-pot reaction of diosgenin, oxalyl chloride, arylacetylenes, and phenylhydrazine give rise to steroidal 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoles (isolated yield 46-60%) when the Stephens-Castro reaction and heterocyclization steps were carried out by heating in benzene. When the cyclization step of alkyndione with phenylhydrazine was performed in 2-methoxyethanol at room temperature, steroidal α,β-alkynyl (E)- and (Z)-hydrazones were isolated along with 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazole and the isomeric 2,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazole. The consecutive reaction of diosgenin, oxalyl chloride, phenylacetylene and benzoic acid hydrazides efficiently forms steroidal 1-benzoyl-5-hydroxy-3-phenylpyrazolines. The structure of new compounds was unambiguously corroborated by comprehensive NMR spectroscopy, mass-spectrometry, and X-ray structure analyses. Performing the heterocyclization step of ynedione with hydrazine monohydrate in 2-methoxyethanol allowed the synthesis of 5-phenyl substituted steroidal pyrazole.

which was found to exhibit high anti-inflammatory activity, comparable to that of diclofenac sodium, a commercial pain reliever. It was shown by molecular docking that the new derivatives are incorporated into the binding site of the protein Keap1 Kelch-domain by their alkynylhydrazone or pyrazole substituent with the formation of more non-covalent bonds and have higher affinity than the initial spirostene core.
We define and study a new class of vertex colourings of multigraphs, where some pairs of colours are forbidden on the edges of a multigraph.

We say that a multigraph G is (properly) (m, r)-colourable if for any given sets of r forbidden pairs of colours on the edges of G where exists a (proper) vertex m-colouring of G that respects all forbidden pairs. We also introduce a list version of (m, r)-colourability and establish (for the case of improper colourings) that the list (m, r)-colourability of a multigraph is equivalent to its (m, r)-colourability.

We determine all (properly) (m, r)-colourable stars, all (2, r)-colourable multigraphs for each r ≥ 1 and all (m, r)-colourable multighraphs, where r is large enough (close to m 2 ).
The implementation of assisted reproductive technologies (ART), hormonal stimulation in particular, may change the quality of ovulated oocytes.

The purpose of our work was to study ovulation in CD1 mice after their stimulation with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and to investigate the effects of such hormonal stimulation on the pregnancy duration, fetal losses and the weight of the offspring.

Thus, exogenous hCG facilitates the development of mouse oocytes in vivo, which leads to the larger number of their mature forms at ovulation, however, the offspring born after hCG-stimulated pregnancy was characterized by a lower body weight on the fifth day after birth.
The relevance of the study is that the data on the drill cuttings obtained by the NMR method can be used as prior information in the logging data interpretation before a detailed petrophysical study of the core sample or in case of the core absence in the sampling interval.

The objects of study are the drill cuttings samples from the fields of the West Siberian oil-and-gas province. The samples are saturated with different fluids, and their reservoir properties are determined by the nuclear magnetic resonance and dielectric spectrometry methods. As part of the experimental research, nuclear magnetic resonance investigations of the core samples of different discretization degrees have been carried out to determine the reservoir properties of the samples depending on the degree of their particle size reduction.

It has been shown that the obtained results do not depend on the particle size of the measured sample and are consistent with the results of the standard petrophysical studies. The relationship between the porosity and the saturating fluid type has been established. Based on the data obtained by the dielectric spectroscopy method, the study has determined the value of the complex dielectric constant that shows how the degree of saturation changes depending on the fluid, and what happens in the pore space. The complex interpretation of the results obtained by the two methods provides additional information on the drill cuttings reservoir properties that can be used as a priori information on the formation properties.
The famous Toms effect (1948) consists of a substantial increase of the critical Reynolds number when a small amount of soluble polymer is introduced into water. The most noticeable influence of polymer additives is manifested in the boundary layer near solid surfaces. The task includes the ratio of two characteristic length scales, one of which is the Prandtl scale, and the other is defined as the square root of the normalized coefficient of relaxation viscosity (Frolovskaya and Pukhnachev, 2018) and does not depend on the characteristics of the motion.

In the limit case, when the ratio of these two scales tends to zero, the equations of the boundary layer are exactly integrated. One of the goals of the present paper is group analysis of the boundary layer equations in two mathematical models of the flow of aqueous polymer solutions: the second grade fluid (Rivlin and Ericksen, 1955) and the Pavlovskii model (1971). The equations of the plane non-stationary boundary layer in the Pavlovskii model are studied in more details. The equations contain an arbitrary function depending on the longitudinal coordinate and time. This function sets the pressure gradient of the external flow. The problem of group classification with respect to this function is analyzed.

All functions for which there is an extension of the kernels of admitted Lie groups are found. Among the invariant solutions of the new model of the boundary layer, a special place is taken by the solution of the stationary problem of flow around a rectilinear plate.
The in vitro binding of 2000‐fold purified rat liver glucocorticoid—receptor complexes to functionally differing homologous DNA fractions has been studied.

The effectiveness of receptor binding to the transcriptionally active DNA, isolated from rat liver 4 h after cortisol administration, increased by 1.6–1.8‐fold with simultaneous reduction in receptor affinity for the hardly extractable DNA fraction. The analogous DNA fractions from control animals did not differ in ability to bind the receptor.

This suggests that sites of high affinity for the receptor are directly involved in the in vivo process of hormonal transcription activation.
A detailed exposition of two-photon decays of P-wave positronium is given to fill an existing gap in the pedagogical literature. Annihilation decay rates of P-wave positronium are negligible compared to the rates of radiative electric dipole transitions to the ground state. This circumstance makes such decays experimentally inaccessible. However the situation is different for quarkonium and the experimental and theoretical research of two-photon and two-gluon decays of P-wave quarkonia is a still flourishing field.
The radiation-induced phenomena of CaSi2 crystal growth were investigated, both directly during the epitaxial CaF2 growth on Si (111) and film irradiation with fast electrons on Si (111) after its formation, while maintaining the specified film thickness, substrate temperature and radiation dose. Irradiation in the process of the epitaxial CaF2 film growth leads to the formation of CaSi2 nanowhiskers with an average size of 5 µm oriented along the direction <110>. The electron irradiation of the formed film, under similar conditions, leads to the homogeneous nucleation of CaSi2 crystals and their proliferation as inclusions in the CaF2 film. It is shown that both approaches lead to the formation of CaSi2 crystals of the 3R polymorph in the irradiated region of a 10 nm thick CaF2 layer.
A GTG-banding was used for a detailed comparative analysis of two 40-chromosome Crocidura species, Crocidura gueldenstaedtii and Crocidura dsinezumi. A high level of chromosomal homology was detected. A complex 520-bp EcoRI tandem repeat was isolated from C. dsinezumi. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), this repeat was localized to centromeric regions of chromosomes in both Crocidura species.
In this paper we focus on the second unit of multipass amplification of the cryogenic diode-pumped high power laser system operating at 1 kHz repetition rate. Thermal fields in the cooling system of the amplifier were calculated and compared with experimental data. Numerical algorithm based on 3+1D heat transfer equation is proposed. The results of modeling are discussed and analyzed.
The paper considers the possibility of active monitoring of volcanic structures based on the simulation of vibroseismic transmission using the dynamical theory of elasticity. A solution method, a parallel algorithm, and a program system based on a finite-difference approach together with CFS-PML method of absorbing boundaries are developed. Different variations of a magmatic stratovolcano approximate model are considered, comparative numerical calculations are carried out. The calculated wave field inside the volcanic structure has a compound structure depending on the geometry of studied objects and their rheological characteristics. Based on the studies, it may be concluded that monitoring of the considered type of volcanoes using precision vibroseismic sources and seismic observation systems is possible. A variant of vibroseismic monitoring of Elbrus volcano using the observation system in the tunnel of the Baksan Neutrino Observatory is proposed.
The article examines the concept and qualifying features of business activity as an inter-branch law category based on the theory of civil, business, criminal, administrative and financial law.The authors stress the importance of finding efficient solutions for optimizing the basic concept of entrepreneurial activities to eliminate the possibility of using criminal prosecution to exert pressure on entrepreneurs and to solve business disputes.In its turn, this will allow
Light shifts are known to be an important limitation to the mid- and long-term fractional frequency stability of different types of atomic clocks.

In this article, we demonstrate the experimental implementation of an anti-light-shift interrogation protocol onto a continuous-wave (cw) microcell atomic clock based on coherent population trapping (CPT). The method, inspired by the autobalanced Ramsey spectroscopy technique demonstrated in pulsed atomic clocks, consists in the extraction of atomic based information from two successive light-shifted clock frequencies obtained at two different laser-power values. Two error signals, computed from the linear combination of signals acquired along a symmetric sequence, are managed in a dual-loop configuration to generate a clock frequency free from light shift. Using this method, the sensitivity of the clock frequency to both laser-power and microwave-power variations can be reduced by more than an order of magnitude compared to normal operation. In the present experiment, the consideration of the nonlinear light-shift dependence allows enhancement of the light-shift mitigation.

The implemented technique allows an improvement of the clock Allan deviation for time scales higher than 1000 s. This method can be applied in various kinds of atomic clocks such as CPT-based atomic clocks, double-resonance Rb clocks, or cell-stabilized lasers.