Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The aim of the present study was to test the possible ameliorative efficacy of phytochemicals such as tannins on intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis.

The effect of a chestnut shell (Castanea sativa) extract (CSE) rich in polyphenols, mainly represented by tannins, on k-carrageenan-induced intestinal inflammation in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) was tested in a feeding trial. Intestinal inflammation was induced by 0.1% k-carrageenan added to the diet for 10 days. CSE was administered for 10 days after k-carrageenan induced inflammation. The intestinal morphology and histopathology, cytokine expression, and microbiota were analyzed. The k-carrageenan treatment led to gut lumen expansion, reduction of intestinal folds, and increase of the goblet cells number, accompanied by the upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors (TNFα, COX2) and alteration in the number and ratio of taxonomic groups of bacteria. CSE counteracted the inflammatory status enhancing the growth of health helpful bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas), decreasing the pro-inflammatory factors, and activating the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.

In conclusion, CSE acted as a prebiotic on zebrafish gut microbiota, sustaining the use of tannins as food additives to ameliorate the intestinal inflammation. Our results may be relevant for both aquaculture and medical clinic fields.
In this paper, we presented a Monte Carlo-based approach for vulnerability analyse of energy systems.

For high-performance Monte Carlo simulation the PARMONC software library was used. The PARMONC is implemented on high-performance clusters of the Siberian Supercomputer Center. The PARMONC effectively launches parallel stochastic simulation on supercomputers with different architectures.

The proposed approach was applied was applied for the identification and ranking the most important elements of a real-world natural gas supply system.
Background The regulatory feedback loops that present in structural and functional organization of molecular-genetic systems and the phenomenon of the regulatory signal delay, a time period between the moment of signal reception and its implementation, provide natural conditions for complicated dynamic regimes in these systems. The delay phenomenon at the intracellular level is a consequence of the matrix principle of data transmission, implemented through the rather complex processes of transcription and translation.However, the rules of the influence of system structure on system dynamics are not clearly understood. Knowledge of these rules is particularly important for construction of synthetic gene networks with predetermined properties.

Results We study dynamical properties of models of simplest circular gene networks regulated by negative feedback mechanisms. We have shown existence and stability of oscillating trajectories (cycles) in these models. Two algorithms of construction and localization of these cycles have been proposed. For one of these models, we have solved an inverse problem of parameters identification.

Conclusions The modeling results demonstrate that non-stationary dynamics in the models of circular gene networks with negative feedback loops is achieved by a high degree of non-linearity of the mechanism of the autorepressor influence on its own expression, by the presence of regulatory signal delay, the value of which must exceed a certain critical value, and transcription/translation should be initiated from a sufficiently strong promoter/Shine-Dalgarno site. We believe that the identified patterns are key elements of the oscillating construction design.
BODIPY dyes are photostable neutral derivatives of 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene. These are widely used as chemosensors, laser materials, and molecular probes. At the same time, BODIPY dyes have small or moderate Stokes shifts like most other fluorophores. Large Stokes shifts are preferred for fluorophores because of higher sensitivity of such probes and sensors. As the most abundant protein with a variety of physiological functions, human serum albumin (HSA) has been used extensively for the delivery and improvement of therapeutic molecules.

The new boron containing BODIPY dye was designed and synthesized. We succeeded to perform an annulation of pyrrole ring with coumarin heterocyclic system and achieved a remarkable difference in absorption and emission maximum of obtained fluorophore up to 100 nm. This BODIPY dye was equipped with linker arm and was functionalized with a maleimide residue specifically reactive towards thiol groups of proteins. Thiolactone chemistry provides a powerful tool to prepare albumin-based multimodal constructions. The released sulfhydryl groups of the homocysteine functional handle in thiolactone modified HSA were labeled with BODIPY dye to prepare a labeled albumin-BODIPY dye conjugate confirmed by MALDI-TOF-MS, UV-vis, and fluorescent emission spectra. Cytotoxicity of the resulting conjugate was investigated.

BODIPY residue equipped with a suitable targeting protein core can be used as a suitable imaging probe and agent for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). This study is the basis for a novel BODIPY dye-albumin theranostic for BNCT. The results provide further impetus to develop derivatives of HSA for delivery of boron to cancer cells.
Analysis of joint inheritance of symbiotic locus sym31 and 12 molecular and morphological markers of pea linkage group III was performed. The linkage between symbiotic locus sym31 and 11 analyzed markers was observed. Using theAntMap software,adetailed genetic map of the sym31 locus was constructed and its fine position in linkage group III was determined.
Constitutive equations of finite strain elasto-plasticity are coupled to continuum damage mechanics to simulate the initiation and propagation of cracks in ductile materials. The diffuse deterioration of material's strength is modelled using porosity as a damage parameter.

To solve these problems, an integral-based approach to nonlocal damage is implemented. It enables physically sound results by introducing the linear size of the microstructure into the model's formulation. To prevent the effect of unrealistic diffusion of damage, the averaging operator is applied not to the porosity, but to its dual parameter, material's continuity.

We show that the local damage model yields simulation results, pathologically dependent on the FEM mesh upon mesh refinement: (i) the structural behaviour becomes unrealistically brittle; (ii) the FEM mesh determines the crack path. Solutions of test problems for crack propagation in a compact tension specimen are presented. The convergence of FEM solutions is demonstrated for different slopes of the mesh with fine and coarse discretizations.
Stability experiments of controlled disturbances in 3D supersonic boundary layer on the thin swept wing at low unit Reynolds numbers are considered in the paper. The results of the linear evolution of stationary and traveling disturbances in supersonic boundary layer on swept wing at controlled conditions are presented. Wave characteristics of traveling disturbances are obtained. Stabilizing effect on the wave train evolution due to periodic micro roughnesses is demonstrated.
A significant part of the primary gold reserves in the world is contained in sulphide ores, many types of which are refractory in gold processing. The deposits of refractory sulphide ores will be the main potential source of gold production in the future. The refractory gold and silver in sulphide ores can be associated with micro- and nano-sized inclusions of Au and Ag minerals as well as isomorphous, adsorbed and other species of noble metals (NM) not thoroughly investigated.

For gold and gold-bearing deposits of the Urals, distribution and forms of NM were studied in base metal sulphides by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and by neutron activation analysis. Composition of arsenopyrite and As-pyrite, proper Au and Ag minerals were identified using electron probe microanalysis. The ratio of various forms of invisible gold—which includes nanoparticles and chemically bound gold—in sulphides is discussed. Observations were also performed on about 120 synthetic crystals of NM-doped sphalerite and greenockite.

In VMS ores with increasing metamorphism, CAu and CAg in the major sulphides (sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite) generally decrease. A portion of invisible gold also decreases —from ~65–85% to ~35–60% of the total Au. As a result of recrystallisation of ores, the invisible gold is enlarged and passes into the visible state as native gold, Au-Ag tellurides and sulphides. In the gold deposits of the Urals, the portion of invisible gold is usually <30% of the bulk Au.
Evaporation of liquid microdroplets that fall on a solid surface with the temperature of below the Leidenfrost temperature is studied. It has been found out that sufficiently small liquid droplets of about 10 microns can suspend at some distance from the surface (levitate) and do not reach the surface; at that, the rate of droplet evaporation is reduced by an order as compared to microdroplets, which touch the surface. It is determined that in contrast to microdroplets, which touch the surface, the specific evaporation rate of levitating droplets is constant in time.
Breakdown of the surface barrier against magnetic flux penetration at the cavity equator is considered to be the critical event that determines the onset of Q-drop. The worst case of triangular grooves with low field of first flux penetration Hp, as analyzed previously by Buzdin and Daumens, [1998 Physica C 294: 257], was adapted.

This approach incorporates both the geometry of the groove and local contamination via the Ginzburg-Landau parameter kappa. To test the model with actual data, coupons were prepared by buffered chemical polishing and electropolishing, and stylus profilometry was used to obtain distributions of angles. From these data, curves for surface resistance generated by simple flux flow as a function of magnetic field were generated by integrating over the distribution of angles for reasonable values of kappa. The model was extended to fit cavity test data.

The model predicts equivalent reduction of Hp when either roughness or contamination were varied alone, so smooth but dirty surfaces limit cavity performance about as much as rough but clean surfaces do. When in combination, contamination exacerbates the negative effects of roughness and vice-versa. This showed that combined effects of roughness and contamination indeed reduce the Q-drop onset field by ~30%, and that contamination contributes to Q-drop as much as roughness. The model was extended to fit cavity test data, which indicated that reduction of the superconducting gap by contaminants may also play a role in Q-drop.
Challenges caused by global climate change arise several environmental, social, and energy production issues. These problems firstly concern interest of resource extraction countries, triggering inter-fuel competition in both directions supply and consumption of energy resources. Moreover, significantly increased green agenda leads countries to foster shifting to green energy production and discovering factors of most influential on the acceleration of RES consumption.

The paper focuses on the impact assessment of economic, environmental and institutional factors of the country development on the future consumption of renewable energy sources (RES). To achieve the purpose of the study a panel data analysis method was used. The analysis was conducted for 41 European countries for 1995–2018, with countries being divided into members of Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD)/non-OECD and Extractive/non-Extractive. Four hypotheses were tested under the research: (1) Developing countries are characterized by the negative impact of CO2 emissions on RES consumption, while developed countries — the opposite; (2) Non-RES consumption reflects inter-fuel competition, expressed in a negative relationship with the RES; (3) Prices increase for non-RES contributes to growth of RES consumption; (4) Institutional factors reflect the level of "market freedom and mobility" of the country and contribute to the development of RES.

The authors confirmed all hypothesizes and showed that economic, particularly GDP, and institutional factors had the greatest impact on all countries' RES consumption, while the environmental aspect is weakly significant for non-extractive countries. Consumption of fossil resources had a negative impact and confirmed the presence of inter-fuel competition.
Introduction. The main method of preoperative diagnosis of thyroid tumors and the identification of possible metastasis is a cytological examination of smears obtained by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. However, the cytological material of the lymph nodes may not be adequate, and the detection of metastases faces a number of difficulties. In our recent study, we described a variant of the molecular classifier that allows the detection and typing of malignant thyroid tumors by analyzing several molecular markers in cytological preparations. The study objective was to assess the applicability of the developed method for the preoperative detection of metastases of papillary and medullary thyroid cancer in the lymph nodes of the neck lateral cellular tissue. Materials and methods. A total of 86 cytological samples were used, obtained from individual lymph nodes of 62 patients who had a diagnosis – thyroid cancer. Samples were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction regarding the preselected set of molecular markers: the BRAF V600E mutation, the normalized concentration of HMGA2, FN1 and SERPINA1 mRNA, 5 miRNAs and the mitochondrial/nuclear DNA ratio. The decision tree-based classifier was used to discriminate between benign and malignant samples. Results. The previously described classifier, based on the analysis of the BRAF V600E mutation, the content of HMGA2 mRNA, 3 miRNAs and the mitochondrial/nuclear DNA ratio, revealed metastases of thyroid cancer with good specificity (98 %) but less sensitivity (83 %). Therefore, a new classifier was built, including three markers – HMGA2 and FN1 mRNA, and miRNA-375, which, with regard to the detection of metastases, showed good sensitivity – 93 % with a slight decrease in specificity (up to 96 %). Conclusion. Thus, we demonstrated the possibility of preoperative detection of thyroid cancer metastases in the lymph nodes of the neck lateral cellular tissue by analyzing several molecular markers in cytological material.
Technique for measurements of the evaporation rate of a heated liquid layer is presented. The local minimum is observed which is associated with the point of equilibrium of the liquid–gas interface.

It is shown when no heat is applied to the heating element temperature in gas phase is larger than in liquid, and evaporation occurs with the rate of 0.014–0.018 μl/s. Then evaporation rate is decreasing with increasing the heater temperature until the equilibrium point is reached at the liquid–gas interface. Further increasing of the heater temperature leads to increasing of the evaporation rate.
The article is devoted to the analysis of translatability of the French ethnophraseological unit “c’est pas grave” into Russian. Its ethnophraseological nature has been established according to Bert Peeters’ criteria: it has to be regarded as “typical French” by speakers of other languages, used as a title of movies, songs, books or articles. 964 translations of this expression into Russian were analyzed, and 40 possible variants were identified. In most cases, the translation of the phraseological unit into Russian is represented by affirmative constructions, in spite of the fact that it is negative in French, as for instance “это нормально / все нормально” (it’s ok; everything is fine). Some translations are sentences in the imperative mood: “забудь” (forget it), “не волнуйтесь” (don’t worry). The paper describes each type of translation. In the conclusion the phraseological unit “c’est pas grave” is presented in Natural Semantic Metalanguage which allows us to conclude that this saying is used after some event happened in which the speaker and his/her partner are involved. The speaker says that the event is not bad, has no negative consequences and that it is not worth worrying about. She / he asks the other communicant not to worry, thus implying that she / he himself / herself will not think about it anymore. The frequency of this saying, the fact, that it is regarded as “typically French” by others, and a large number of translation variants prove its ethnolinguistic character and its link with hypothetical French cultural values, which can be described as “insouciance”.
Geospatial monitoring of leaves variability has been performed for Platanus orientalis L. (Platanaceae) in Hissar Valley of Tajikistan. 17 local populations were clustered in four territorial groups and investigated by 11 morphometric variables and four indices. Six levels of variability were taken in the classification of S.A. Mamaev. All tested parameters were ranked due to the total score of variability levels. It was established, that indicators which have the combination of high, increased, and medium levels of variability, can be recommended for the purpose of geospatial monitoring. In the studied set of variables are two such ones: (1) the ratio of the length of leaf blade to the lengh of petiole, and (2) the petiole lengh. These two indicators reliably respond to point sources of industrial environmental pollution (Aluminum and Cement factories). Six indicators with domination of the middle level of variability, are of diagnostic value to differ loci inside territorial groups of populations. The results of the experiment confirmed, that set of variability levels for 8 of 15 studied parameters has diagnostic matter for geospatial monitoring of environment conditions in Hissar Valley of Tajikistan.
The dynamics of many viral infections, including rotaviral infections (RIs), are known to have a complex non-linear, non-stationary structure with strong seasonality indicative of virus and host sensitivity to environmental conditions. However, analytical tools suitable for the identification of seasonal peaks are limited. We introduced a two-step procedure to determine seasonal patterns in RI and examined the relationship between daily rates of rotaviral infection and ambient temperature in cold climates in three Russian cities: Chelyabinsk, Yekaterinburg, and Barnaul from 2005 to 2011. We described the structure of temporal variations using a new class of singular spectral analysis (SSA) models based on the "Caterpillar" algorithm. We then fitted Poisson polyharmonic regression (PPHR) models and examined the relationship between daily RI rates and ambient temperature. In SSA models, RI rates reached their seasonal peaks around 24 February, 5 March, and 12 March (i.e., the 55.17 ± 3.21, 64.17 ± 5.12, and 71.11 ± 7.48 day of the year) in Chelyabinsk, Yekaterinburg, and Barnaul, respectively. Yet, in all three cities, the minimum temperature was observed, on average, to be on 15 January, which translates to a lag between the peak in disease incidence and time of temperature minimum of 38-40 days for Chelyabinsk, 45-49 days in Yekaterinburg, and 56-59 days in Barnaul. The proposed approach takes advantage of an accurate description of the time series data offered by the SSA-model coupled with a straightforward interpretation of the PPHR model. By better tailoring analytical methodology to estimate seasonal features and understand the relationships between infection and environmental conditions, regional and global disease forecasting can be further improved.
This paper explains a method of constructing algebras, starting with the properties of discrimination in elementary discrete systems. We show how to use points of view about these systems to construct what we call iterant algebras and how these algebras naturally give rise to the complex numbers, Clifford algebras and matrix algebras. The paper discusses the structure of the Schrödinger equation, the Dirac equation and the Majorana Dirac equations, finding solutions via the nilpotent method initiated by Peter Rowlands.
We report the first observation of the Cabibbo-suppressed decays ${\ensuremath{\Xi}}_{c}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\Xi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{K}^{+}$, ${\ensuremath{\Xi}}_{c}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\Lambda}{K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${\ensuremath{\Xi}}_{c}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremath{\phi}$

using a data sample of $711\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ collected at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider

We measure the ratios of branching fractions to be $\frac{\mathcal{B}({\ensuremath{\Xi}}_{c}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\Xi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{K}^{+})}{\mathcal{B}({\ensuremath{\Xi}}_{c}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\Xi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})}=(2.75\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.51\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.25)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$, $\frac{\mathcal{B}({\ensuremath{\Xi}}_{c}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\Lambda}{K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}})}{\mathcal{B}({\ensuremath{\Xi}}_{c}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\Xi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})}=(2.86\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.61\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.37)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ and $\frac{\mathcal{B}({\ensuremath{\Xi}}_{c}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremath{\phi})}{\mathcal{B}({\ensuremath{\Xi}}_{c}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\Xi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})}=(3.43\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.58\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.32)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.
Leukocytes are the main cells of immune system, but also contribute to other systems and participate in pathogenesis of different diseases. In particular, leukocytes are involved in the progression of diabetic retinopathy due to their hyperactivation in diabetes. However, a connection between diabetes and the dysfunction of leukocytes is poorly understood.

For a more complete picture, studies of the leukocytes activation under the influence of various substances are necessary. Arachidonic acid (AA) and its metabolites are the strongest activating factors of leukocytes. However, the studies involving AA are complicated because it is water-insoluble. Here we describe the method to study activation using photolabile analogs of AA.
Experimental studies of the influence of unit Reynolds number on the laminar-turbulent transition in a supersonic boundary layer of a swept wing with a subsonic leading edge at Mach number 2 are performed.

The experiments were performed on a model of a swept wing with a swept angle of the leading edge of 72 degrees and with a 3% profile with a variable chord length in span. The hot-wire measurements showed that a laminar-turbulent transition in a supersonic boundary layer of a swept wing with a subsonic leading edge occurs earlier (~25-30%) than on a model with a supersonic leading edge with the same oncoming flow parameters.

It is shown that a change unit Reynolds number insignificant influence the laminar-turbulent transition in the boundary layer of a swept wing with a subsonic leading edge.