Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The paper describes the investigation of matrix metalloproteinase type 3 (MMP-3) -1171 5A/6A gene polymorphic alleles variants (rs35068180) in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. A allele and 6А6А genotype of MMP-3 -1171 5A/6A gene (rs35068180) were determined as new genetic predictors of dilated cardiomyopathy development.

The main study group comprised 221 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) of different origin. Their average age was 55.309.69 years. Among them there were 111 persons with DCM of ischemic origin, including 99 (89.2%) men and 12 (10.8%) women. The average age of the subjects with DCM was 51.739.74 years, the age of the male subgroup was 51.008.96 years, and the age of the female subgroup was 57.753.71 years. A total of 110 patients with idiopathic cardiomyopathy were included in the study. Among 221 patients, 110 persons did not demonstrated idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy as the cause of myocardium dilation. This group comprised 100 (91.5%) male patients and 10 (8.5%) female patients. The control group of subjects (221 persons) was represented by healthy people without diseases of the cardiovascular system. The average age of control subjects was 53.64.8 years. We examined all patients in the main group using routine laboratory and instrumental methods, as well as coronary angiography. If myocarditis was suspected, we did an MRI of the heart. Genotyping of polymorphism -1171 5A/6A (rs35068180) of the MMP-3 gene was performed using PCR.

Among patients of the main group with dilated myocardial remodeling of various Genesis, the allele was documented in 65.8% of cases against 59.3% among the control group, p=0.044. The homozygous genotype of the MMP-3 gene in patients of the main group was verified in 42.1% of patients against 32.6% of cases in relatively healthy individuals (p=0.099). We have proved the predominance of 6A allele and 6А6А genotype of the MMP-3 gene in the group of patients with DCM. It seems that it is homozygous 6A allele that causes a decrease in the activity of the transcription process and change in the level of stromelysin in arterial walls. This contributes to the activation of type 1 procollagenase, extracellular matrix deposition and cardiac muscle remodeling.
the US product market (widely acknowledged to be the most integrated among geographically large economies) as an upper bound of spatial integration that is practically achievable in markets covering fairly large territories

an econometric model derived from the fact that local price of a tradable good should not be dependent on local demand under the law of 'one price is a tool to measure market integration'. It is applied to data on the cost of a grocery basket and prices for three individual goods in 2000 across 29 US cities

The regression results suggest that the US market is not perfectly integrated. Thus, the estimated degree of its integration can be deemed, indeed, as a feasible maximum. Applying this benchmark to the European part of Russia in 2000, its degree of market integration turns out to be comparable – by the order of magnitude – with the feasible one. The roles of a few factors that could potentially cause segmentation of the US market are estimated
The standards on out-of-court private bankruptcy were introduced on 01.09.2020, and they follow-up the rules on citizens’ bankruptcy who do not have a self-employed status, which is working in Russia since 01.10.2015. The latter, despite their popularity, have several disadvantages, because it is difficult and rather expensive for citizens. This is the main reason for introducing the institution of out-of-court private bankruptcy applied in administrative proceedings. The article focuses on the foreign experience of applying similar procedures. It is impossible to conclude that Russian legislators have fully received the experience of one country, but it is possible to admit a great similarity with New Zealand legislation.

Summarizing the economists’ research allows the authors to predict the popularity of out-of-court debt relief, which is caused by deterioration in the financial position of the majority of the Russian population and popularity of many loans. The catalyst was the economic changes caused by COVID-19. The article comments on the conditions of private bankruptcy without recourse to legal proceedings and concludes that the norms of the Russian law on out-of-court private bankruptcy are clearly for a bank loan holder's sake.

The study of the legislation reveals positive features and gaps that can complicate legal precedents and require the law readjustment. Based on the data put out in the open, the authors observe the first experience of accepting and considering citizens’ applications for initiating out-of-court bankruptcy procedures by Multiuse Centers for providing state and municipal services (MUC) and identify issues affecting creditors’ rights.
The concept of a major inhibitory role of serotonin in aggressive behavior is widely accepted by investigators.There was ample evidence that a pharmacologically-induced increase in the serotonin activity attenuates agonistic behavior in animals and that the manipulations inhibiting the brain serotonergic system can elicit aggressiveness in male mice and rats.Repeated experience of aggression in daily agonistic interactions has been shown to reduce serotonin activity in brain of victorious male mice.

The study aimed to analyze expression of the serotonergic genes -Tph2, Sert, Maoa and 5ht1a, as well as Bdnf and Creb genes in the midbrain raphe nuclei of male mice with positive fighting experience in daily encounters and male mice with the same track record of aggression followed by two-week no-fight period.

It has been shown that mRNA levels of the serotonergic and Creb genes are reduced in the winners in comparison with male mice without consecutive positive fighting experience of aggression.After the fighting deprivation the Tph2, Sert, Bdnf and Creb genes recover their expression while mRNA levels of Maoa and 5ht1a gene proceed at a significantly higher level as compared with the respective controls.Downregulation of serotonergic genes is indicative of the inhibition of serotonergic activity under repeated experience of aggression.Nevertheless, recovering of Tph2 and Sert gene expression and overexpression of Maoa and 5ht1a genes after no-fight period suggest that changes in brain serotonergic activity are not main cause of the behavioral pathology developing in male mice in this experimental context.
The current state of research on quantum and ballistic electron transport in semiconductor nanostructures with a two-dimensional electron gas separated from the substrate and nanoelectromechanical systems is reviewed. These nanostructures fabricated using the surface nanomachining technique have certain unexpected features in comparison to their non-suspended counterparts, such as additional mechanical degrees of freedom, enhanced electron–electron interaction and weak heat sink. Moreover, their mechanical functionality can be used as an additional tool for studying the electron transport, complementary to the ordinary electrical measurements. The article includes a comprehensive review of spin-dependent electron transport and multichannel effects in suspended quantum point contacts, ballistic and adiabatic transport in suspended nanostructures, as well as investigations on nanoelectromechanical systems. We aim to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art in suspended semiconductor nanostructures and their applications in nanoelectronics, spintronics and emerging quantum technologies.
The solution of Lyapunov equations can be represented as a sum of Hermitian matrices corresponding either to particular eigenvalues of the system matrix, or to pairwise combinations of these eigenvalues. These eigen-parts or sub-Gramians proved to be useful for the stability analysis of electric power systems.

In this paper we compare and contrast the sub-Gramians and participation factors as applied to the power system state estimation. Using the sub-Gramian approach we introduce the energy participation factor as a new indicator for selective modal analysis. For a stable system it characterizes the participation of i-th mode and initial k-th state in the integrated energy produced in k-th state.

We explain the conceptual meaning and practical usefulness of energy participation factors and contrast them with the conventional participation factors in a selective modal analysis of the IEEE 57-bus test model.
Excess of probabilities of the elastic processes over the inelastic ones is a common feature of the resonance phenomena described in the framework of the random matrix theory.

This effect is quantitatively characterized by the elastic enhancement factor F (β) that is the typical ratio of elastic and inelastic cross-sections.Being measured experimentally, this quantity can supply us with information on specific features of the dynamics of the intermediate complicated open system.We discuss properties of the enhancement factor in a wide scope from mesoscopic systems to macroscopic analogue electromagnetic resonators and demonstrate essential qualitative distinction between the elastic enhancement factor's peculiarities in these two cases.

Complete analytical solution is found for the case of systems without time-reversal symmetry and only a few open equivalent scattering channels.
Below 1.4 GeV our data are in good agreement with the previous SND and CMD-2 measurements.

The experiment has been performed at the e+e- collider VEPP-2000 with the SND detector. Data on the e+e- --> omega pi0 cross section are well described by the VMD model with two excited rho-like states.

The measured e+e- --> omega pi0 cross section above 1.4 GeV is the most accurate to date. It has been found that the VDM model cannot describe simultaneously our data and data obtained from the omega --> pi0 mu+ mu- decay. We have also tested CVC hypothesis comparing our results on the e+e- --> omega pi0 cross section with data on the tau- --> omega pi- nu_{tau} decay.
We consider a problem of formal evaluation of spatial resolution in seismic tomography. We have shown that a traditional method of resolution estimate based on calculation of the resolution matrix appears to be misleading in a case of using the parameterization grid with different spacing.

We have proposed an alternative algorithm based on reconstruction of a series of unit anomalies of fixed shapes. Furthermore, we have developed an algorithm for the direction dependent resolution estimates.
There are more than 350 species of amphipods (Crustacea) in Lake Baikal, which have emerged predominantly through the course of endemic radiation. This group represents a remarkable model for studying various aspects of evolution, one of which is the evolution of mitochondrial (mt) genome architectures.

We sequenced and assembled the mt genome of a pelagic Baikalian amphipod species Macrohectopus branickii. The mt genome is revealed to have an extraordinary length (42,256 bp), deviating significantly from the genomes of other amphipod species and the majority of animals. The mt genome of M. branickii has a unique gene order within amphipods, duplications of the four tRNA genes and Cox2, and a long non-coding region, that makes up about two thirds of the genome's size. The extension of the mt genome was most likely caused by multiple duplications and inversions of regions harboring ribosomal RNA genes. In this study, we analyzed the patterns of mt genome length changes in amphipods and other animal phyla.

Through a statistical analysis, we demonstrated that the variability in the mt genome length may be a characteristic of certain phyla and is primarily conferred by expansions of non-coding regions.
Anti-apoptotic proteins are suggested to be important for the normal health of neurons and synapses as well as for resilience to stress.

In order to determine whether stressful events may influence the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL in the midbrain and specifically in the midbrain serotonergic (5-HT) neurons involved in neurobehavioral responses to adverse stimuli, adult male rats were subjected to short-term or chronic forced swim stress. A short-term stress rapidly increased the midbrain bcl-xl mRNA levels and significantly elevated Bcl-xL immunoreactivity in the midbrain 5-HT cells. Stress-induced increase in glucocorticoid secretion was implicated in the observed effect. The levels of bcl-xl mRNA were decreased after stress when glucocorticoid elevation was inhibited by metyrapone (MET, 150 mg/kg), and this decrease was attenuated by glucocorticoid replacement with dexamethasone (DEX; 0.2 mg/kg). Both short-term stress and acute DEX administration, in parallel with Bcl-xL, caused a significant increase in tph2 mRNA levels and slightly enhanced tryptophan hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the midbrain. The increasing effect on the bcl-xl expression was specific to the short-term stress. Forced swim repeated daily for 2 weeks led to a decrease in bcl-xl mRNA in the midbrain without any effects on the Bcl-xL protein expression in the 5-HT neurons. In chronically stressed animals, an increase in tph2 gene expression was not associated with any changes in tryptophan hydroxylase protein levels.

Our findings are the first to demonstrate that both short-term stress and acute glucocorticoid exposures induce Bcl-xL protein expression in the midbrain 5-HT neurons concomitantly with the activation of the 5-HT synthesis pathway in these neurons.
Distinguishing the terms 'character' and 'hero' as theoretical concepts, we seek to establish the complementarity of two methods: character analysis as a way of structuring the text, on the one hand, and phenomenological, which allows us to capture the uniqueness of a single hero, as well as its influence on the fate of other participants in the action. Taking into account the long-term work on Doctor Zhivago, the author of the article proceeds from the idea that along with autobiographical material in the characterization of three women – Tonya, Larisa, and Marina, B. Pasternak widely uses plot analogies with masterpieces of Russian and world literature, as well as certain allusions to biblical images.

Important here is the principle of inseparability and non-confusion in the depiction of the fates of the three women in their relationship with the main character, associated with the Christian tradition. For the first time, the article introduces the essentiality–existentiality opposition to compare the main female figures. At the same time, it is important that the author, creating female images, uses a different measure of fabulousness associated with the vicissitudes in the life of the main character – the maximum in the relationship of Yuri and Lara and the minimum in relation to the hero with Marina. There is also a different degree of detail of the three images, the use of symbols in their characterization, and the symbolization as the main method of Marina’s characterization is noted.

The author concludes that the outstanding Russian poet and novelist B. Pasternak shows a high degree of skill, penetrating the depths of female psychology. At the same time, while maintaining the principles of construction characteristic of the classical narrative, the writer, thanks to the special arrangement of the material, gives the novel features that bring it closer to the best examples of world literature of the twentieth century.
This work for the first time proposes and studies a method of frequency doubling of CW non-single-frequency fibre lasers with a high-Q resonator partially coupled to the fibre laser cavity. The proposed new approach resulted in the following parameters: laser's maximal output power 880 mW at 536 nm when pumped with 6.2 W at 976 nm, wavelength tuneability range 521-545 nm with the output power at the extreme ends of this range 420 and 220 mW correspondingly. The proposed configuration allows efficient non-linear transformation of both CW and pulsed radiation in a partially coupled enhancement cavity.
A new phenomenological model of cyclic creep, which is suitable for applications involving finite creep deformations of the material, is proposed. The model accounts for the effect of the transient increase of the creep strain rate upon the load reversal. In order to extend the applicability range of the model, the creep process is fully coupled to the classical Kachanov-Rabotnov damage evolution. As a result, the proposed model describes all the three stages of creep.

Large strain kinematics is described in a geometrically exact manner using the assumption of a nested multiplicative split, originally proposed by Lion for finite strain plasticity. The model is thermodynamically admissible, objective, and w-invariant. The implicit time integration of the proposed evolution equations is discussed. The corresponding numerical algorithm is implemented into the commercial FEM code MSC.Marc.

The model is validated using this code; the validation is based on real experimental data on cyclic torsion of a thick-walled tubular specimen made of the D16T aluminium alloy. The numerically computed stress distribution exhibits a 'skeletal point' within the specimen, which simplifies the analysis of test data.
The effect of pressure on L-alanine and DL-alanine has been studied by X-ray powder diffraction, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and optical microscopy.No previously reported structural phase transitions in L-alanine and DL-alanine have been observed up to 12.3 and 8.3 GPa, respectively.In both compounds at about 1.5-2 GPa (close to the pressure of the previously reported phase transition in L-alanine into a tetragonal phase, 2.3 GPa [1], [2]), the cell parameters a and b become accidentally equal to each other, but without a change in the space group symmetry.Neither could be a polymorphic transformation in L-alanine from tetragonal into a monoclinic phase at about 9 GPa confirmed, the changes in the cell parameters till the highest measured pressures being continuous and the cell metrics remaining orthorhombic.Our Raman experiments confirmed the effects described previously for the spectra of L-alanine [1] and DL-alanine [3], but we have shown that the spectral changes are continuous and are not related to structural phase transitions.During a slow decompression of L-alanine single crystal (in a methanol-ethanol 4:1 mixture as a pressure-transmitting liquid) from about 6 GPa, new phases crystallized in the diamond anvil cell in the pressure range between 0.8-4.7 GPa, which recrystallized into L-alanine below 0.8 GPa.These previously unknown phases were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy and seem to be a solvate of L-alanine.
The ratio of the ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{b}^{0}$ baryon lifetime to that of the ${\overline{B}}^{0}$ meson is measured using $1.0\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of integrated luminosity in 7 TeV center-of-mass energy $pp$ collisions at the LHC. The ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{b}^{0}$ baryon is observed for the first time in the decay mode ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{b}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}p{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, while the ${\overline{B}}^{0}$ meson decay used is the well known ${\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ mode, where the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ mass is consistent with that of the ${\overline{K}}^{*0}(892)$ meson. The ratio of lifetimes is measured to be $0.976\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.012\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.006$, in agreement with theoretical expectations based on the heavy quark expansion. Using previous determinations of the ${\overline{B}}^{0}$ meson lifetime, the ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{b}^{0}$ lifetime is found to be $1.482\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.018\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.012\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{ps}$. In both cases, the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.
An experimental study of the dynamics of the Taylor vapor bubble in water and in an aqueous solution of lithium bromide at vapor saturation pressure was carried out. The Taylor bubble was formed after boiling-up of the overheated degassed liquid in 16 mm diameter tube.

The study has shown that the dynamics of the vapor cavity during boiling up leads to a qualitative difference from the dynamics of the vapor bubble in a large volume. There are also qualitative differences in the nature of motion of the vapor bubble and that of the gas bubble.

This is due to the fact that the mass of the gas bubble and the temperature of the liquid do not change during the rise near the bubble, whereas the mass of the vapor bubble and the temperature of the vapor in the bubble and the liquid near the bubble can vary significantly due to evaporation of the liquid and steam condensation. This is due to the change of bubble height and level of fluid in the tube. The liquid level in the tube depends on the height of the bubbles, but the height of the liquid level in the tube depends on the volume of the bubbles.
Ru supported on mesoporous carbon Sibunit and microporous zeolites (HZSM-5, SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 = 250; H-Beta, SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 = 30; H-Y, SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 = 5; H-USY, SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 = 30) synthesized by the sol-gel method (CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune India) were prepared by impregnation of the corresponding supports with RuCl 3 ∙nH 2 O (0.1 M) followed by reduction in H 2 .

Catalyst screening in levulinic acid (LA) (15 mL, 6.9 mmol) hydrogenation into g-valerolactone (GVL) with 1,4-dioxane (165°C, hydrogen pressure ca . 16 bar) as a solvent showed higher activity and selectivity to GVL of Ru/zeolites compared to carbon supported catalysts. Among Ru/zeolites LA conversion increased as follows Ru/HZSM-5 < Ru/H-Y < Ru/H-USY < Ru/H-Beta demonstrating a clear advantage of H-Beta preparation method.

Optimization of the support microstructure and acidity opens a reliable way for selective catalytic LA hydrogenation to GVL. The catalysts were analyzed by TEM, XRD, H 2 -TPR and N 2 physisorption to compare their physical chemical properties.
The impact of superthermal electrons on dispersion properties of isotropic plasmas and on the modulational instability of a monochromatic Langmuir wave is studied for the case when the power-law tail of the electron distribution function extends to relativistic velocities and contains most of the plasma kinetic energy.

Such an energetic tail of electrons is shown to increase the thermal correction to the Langmuir wave frequency, which is equivalent to the increase of the effective electron temperature in the fluid approach, and has almost no impact on the dispersion of ion-acoustic waves, in which the role of temperature is played by the thermal spread of low-energy core electrons.

It is also found that the spectrum of modulational instability in the non-maxwellian plasma narrows significantly, as compared to the equilibrium case, without change of the maximum growth rate and the corresponding wavenumber.
This article deals with simulation and analytical solution of the problem of wet material drying under the action of a plane electromagnetic wave of the microwave range. The mathematical model of microwave drying is considered at two stages: the heating stage and the drying stage. The temperature field of the material in the mode of heating, under the absorption conditions of microwave radiation according to the Beer–Lambert law, is found analytically, strictly with the use of the Fourier and Laplace transforms. In time, the first stage ends at the moment when the maximum temperature inside the material reaches the temperature of the water-vapor phase transition. The drying process is studied as heat transfer in a three-phase medium with two unsteadily moving boundaries of phase transformations, the rate of which is not known in advance and is determined from the Stefan balance ratio. The temperature distribution in this regime is found analytically with the use of asymptotic procedures. In addition, important characteristics such as drying time, drying temperature, drying speed, and other parameters needed for practical applications are found.