Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The $e^+e^-\to K^+K^-$ cross section is measured in the center-of-mass energy range $1.05-2.00$ GeV at the SND detector. The measurement is based on data with an integrated luminosity of 35 pb$^{-1}$ collected at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$-collider. The obtained results are consistent with the previous most accurate data obtained in the BABAR experiment and have a comparable accuracy.
The behavior of domesticated animals differs dramatically from that of wild relatives, and the Russian tame fox experiment demonstrated clearly that these changes can occur in just a few generations of selection.

Analysis of gene expression in the brains of tame and aggressive foxes from this experiment allows us to ask what brain pathways have been altered by this recent, strong selection.

Pathways that impact the function of both serotonergic and glutaminergic neurons were clearly modulated by selection, consistent with the roles of these neurons in learning and memory. Both allele frequency and gene expression changes also implicate genes important in neural crest cell function, supporting a possible role of neural crest cells in the domestication syndrome.
Telomeric and subtelomeric regions are essential for genome stability and regular chromosome replication. In this work, we have characterized the wheat BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) clones containing Spelt1 and Spelt52 sequences, which belong to the subtelomeric repeats of the B/G genomes of wheats and Aegilops species from the section Sitopsis. The BAC library from Triticum aestivum cv. Renan was screened using Spelt1 and Spelt52 as probes. Nine positive clones were isolated; of them, clone 2050O8 was localized mainly to the distal parts of wheat chromosomes by in situ hybridization. The distribution of the other clones indicated the presence of different types of repetitive sequences in BACs. Use of different approaches allowed us to prove that seven of the nine isolated clones belonged to the subtelomeric chromosomal regions. Clone 2050O8 was sequenced and its sequence of 119 737 bp was annotated. It is composed of 33% transposable elements (TEs), 8.2% Spelt52 (namely, the subfamily Spelt52.2) and five non-TE-related genes. DNA transposons are predominant, making up 24.6% of the entire BAC clone, whereas retroelements account for 8.4% of the clone length. The full-length CACTA transposon Caspar covers 11 666 bp, encoding a transposase and CTG-2 proteins, and this transposon accounts for 40% of the DNA transposons. The in situ hybridization data for 2050O8 derived subclones in combination with the BLAST search against wheat mapped ESTs (expressed sequence tags) suggest that clone 2050O8 is located in the terminal bin 4BL-10 (0.95-1.0). Additionally, four of the predicted 2050O8 genes showed significant homology to four putative orthologous rice genes in the distal part of rice chromosome 3S and confirm the synteny to wheat 4BL. Satellite DNA sequences from the subtelomeric regions of diploid wheat progenitor can be used for selecting the BAC clones from the corresponding regions of hexaploid wheat chromosomes. It has been demonstrated for the first time that Spelt52 sequences were involved in the evolution of terminal regions of common wheat chromosomes. Our research provides new insights into the microcollinearity in the terminal regions of wheat chromosomes 4BL and rice chromosome 3S.
To study the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) according to epidemiological criteria in the Novosibirsk population of 25-45 years, to identify its associations with lipid and non-lipid risk factors.

Cross-sectional survey of the Novosibirsk population aged 25-45 was carried out. The study included 650 people (268 men and 382 women). The epidemiological diagnosis of CAD ("Certain CAD" — CCAD, "Possible CHD" — PCAD) was made according to epidemiological (according to Rose questionnaire) and clinical functional (ECG recording with the Minnesota code) criteria. Blood levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, cholesterol of low and high density lipoproteins (LDL-Ch, HDL-Ch) were determined. Blood pressure were measured (SBP, DBP), the presence of arterial hypertension (AH), body mass index and the smoking status were assessed.

CCAD was detected in 3,8% people, including in 2,6% men and in 4,7% women. PCAD was detected in 6,1% people, including 78% men and 5,0% women. The results of univariate analysis showed that the relative risk of PCAD in the population is higher in people with low HDL-Ch (OR 2,136), in smokers (OR 1,925) and in AH subjects (OR 2,235). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the relative risk of PCHD in the population, independently of other factors, is associated with lower level of HDL-Ch (OR 0,180) and higher SBP (OR 1,026). The relative risk of CCAD developing in the female population is higher in women with low HDL-Ch (OR 3,800) and in AH women (OR 4,572). Conclusion . In the Novosibirsk population of 25-45 years, CAD, determined by epidemiological criteria, independently of lipid and non-lipid risk factors, is associated with AH presence and reduced HDL-Ch.
The tectonomagmatic evolution of the Sangilen massif has been described in detail in numerous publications, but little attention was given to heat sources related to the HT/LP metamorphism. Modeling of the magma transport to the upper‐crust levels in West Sangilen shows that the NT/LP metamorphism is related to gabbromonodiorite intrusions. This article is focused on the thermo‐mechanical modeling of melting and lifting of melts in the crust, taking into account the density interfaces. The model of the Erzin granitoid massif shows that in case of fractional melting, the magma ascent mechanism is fundamentally different, as opposed to diapir upwelling – percolation take place along a magmatic channel or a system of channels. An estimated rate of diapiric rise in the crust amounts to 0.8 cm/yr, which is more than an order of magnitude lower than the rate of melt migration in case of fractional melting (25 cm/yr). In our models, a metamorphic thermal ‘anticline’ develops in stages that differ, probably, due to the modes of crust melting: batch melting occurs at the first stage, and fractional melting takes place at the second stage. It is probable that the change of melting modes from melting conditions in a ‘closed’ system to fractional melting conditions in ‘open’ systems is determined by tectonic factors. For the Sangilen massif, we have estimated the degrees of melting in the granulite, granite, and sedimentary‐metamorphic layers of the crust (6, 15, and 5 vol. %, respectively).
Neo-XY sex chromosome determination is a rare event in short horned grasshoppers, but it appears with unusual frequency in the Pamphagidae family. The neo-Y chromosomes found in several species appear to have undergone heterochromatinization and degradation, but this subject needs to be analyzed in other Pamphagidae species. We perform here karyotyping and molecular cytogenetic analyses in 12 Pamphagidae species from the center of biodiversity of this group in the previously-unstudied Anatolian plateau. The basal karyotype for the Pamphagidae family, consisting of 18 acrocentric autosomes and an acrocentric X chromosome (2n♂ = 19, X0; 2n♀ = 20, XX), was found only in G. adaliae. The karyotype of all other studied species consisted of 16 acrocentric autosomes and a neo-XY sex chromosome system (2n♂♀ = 18, neo-XX♀/neo-XY♂). Two different types of neo-Y chromosomes were found. One of them was typical for three species of the Glyphotmethis genus, and showed a neo-Y chromosome being similar in size to the XR arm of the neo-X, with the addition of two small subproximal interstitial C-blocks. The second type of the neo-Y chromosome was smaller and more heterochromatinized than the XR arm, and was typical for all Nocarodeini species studied. The chromosome distribution of C-positive regions and clusters of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and telomeric repeats yielded additional information on evolution of these neo-XY systems. Most Pamphagidae species in the Anatolian region were found to have neo-XY sex chromosome systems, belonging to two different evolutionary lineages, marked by independent X-autosome fusion events occurred within the Trinchinae and Pamphaginae subfamilies. The high density of species carrying neo-XY systems in the Anatolian region, and the different evolutionary stage for the two lineages found, one being older than the other, indicates that this region has a long history of neo-XY sex chromosome formation.
Flavor-changing neutral currents are not present in the Standard Model at tree level and are suppressed in loop processes by the unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix; the corresponding rates for top quark decay processes are experimentally unobservable. Extensions of the Standard Model can generate new flavor-changing neutral current processes, leading to signals which, if observed, would be unambiguous evidence of new interactions.

A data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $36.1\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of $pp$ collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is used to search for top quarks decaying to up or charm quarks with the emission of a Higgs boson, with subsequent Higgs boson decay to final states with at least one electron or muon.

No signal is observed and limits on the branching fractions $\mathcal{B}(t\ensuremath{\rightarrow}Hc)<0.16%$ and $\mathcal{B}(t\ensuremath{\rightarrow}Hu)<0.19%$ at 95% confidence level are obtained (with expected limits of 0.15% in both cases).
Germline mutations in the coding sequence of the tumour suppressor APC gene give rise to familial adenomatous polyposis (which leads to colorectal cancer) and are associated with many other oncopathologies. The loss of APC function because of deletion of putative promoter 1A or 1B also results in the development of colorectal cancer.

Since the regions of promoters 1A and 1B contain many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), the aim of this study was to perform functional analysis of some of these SNPs by means of an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and a luciferase reporter assay. First, it was shown that both putative promoters of APC (1A and 1B) drive transcription in an in vitro reporter experiment. From eleven randomly selected SNPs of promoter 1A and four SNPs of promoter 1B, nine and two respectively showed differential patterns of binding of nuclear proteins to oligonucleotide probes corresponding to alternative alleles. The luciferase reporter assay showed that among the six SNPs tested, the rs75612255 C allele and rs113017087 C allele in promoter 1A as well as the rs138386816 T allele and rs115658307 T allele in promoter 1B significantly increased luciferase activity in the human erythromyeloblastoid leukaemia cell line K562. In human colorectal cancer HCT-116 cells, none of the substitutions under study had any effect, with the exception of minor allele G of rs79896135 in promoter 1B. This allele significantly decreased the luciferase reporter's activity

Our results indicate that many SNPs in APC promoters 1A and 1B are functionally relevant and that allele G of rs79896135 may be associated with the predisposition to colorectal cancer.
Исследованы времена релаксации нижних p-состояний донора мышьяка в деформированном вдоль кристаллографического направления [111] кристалле германия.

Измерения выполнялись методом накачка--зондирование с использованием излучения лазера на свободных электронах. Накачка состояний осуществлялась из основного состояния 1s(A_1).

Измеренное время распада состояния 2p 0 составляет 1.3 нс, 3p 0 --- не более 0.2 нс, 2p &#177; --- 0.4 нс. Показано, что относительно высокий темп релаксации состояния 2p &#177; обусловлен взаимодействием с внутридолинными TA фононами.
The cultivated potato Solanum tuberosum L. is the fourth most important crop worldwide. Anthocyanins synthesis and accumulation in potato tissues are considered as one of important traits related to stress resistance and nutritional value. It is considered that the major regulatory gene for anthocyanin biosynthesis is R2R3 MYB-encoding gene StAN1. However, the genetic control of pigmentation of different potato tissues is substantially under investigated. The development of genetic markers for breeding of potato with specific pigmentation pattern remains an actual task.We investigated 36 potato varieties and hybrids with different pigmentation of tubers and leaves. Sequence organization of regulatory R2R3 MYB (StAN1, StMYBA1, StMYB113), bHLH (StbHLH1, StJAF13) and WD40 (StWD40) genes potentially controlling anthocyanin biosynthesis has been evaluated. The results demonstrated a high variability in the StAN1 third exon and promoter region with the exception for 35 bp, containing elements for the transcription start and activation of gene expression in roots. The analysis of transcriptional activity of genes coding R2R3 MYBs, bHLHs and WD40 transcriptional factors in leaves of eight potato genotypes with different anthocyanin pigmentation was performed. The results showed a relation between the gene expression level and plant pigmentation only for the StAN1 and StWD40 genes, while other studied genes had either strong expression in all varieties and hybrids (StMYBA1, StbHLH1 and StJAF13) or they were not expressed at all (StMYB113).It was found that StAN1 is the major regulatory gene controlling potato anthocyanin synthesis. However, diagnostic markers developed for the functional StAN1 alleles (StAN1777 and StAN1816) can not be used efficiently for prediction of potato pigmentation patterns. It is likely that the sequence organization of StAN1 promoter is important for anthocyanin synthesis control and the development of additional diagnostic markers is necessary.
Experimental and theoretical studies of evaporating droplets of relatively large volume are conducted.

Two numerical models are presented and their predictions are discussed in detail. Experiments on droplet evaporation on two substrates of the same chemical composition but different degrees of roughness, produced by spray Teflon and spin Teflon on glass, were conducted with the objective of understanding the effect of roughness and contact angle hysteresis. The influence of the substrate temperature was investigated, showing much faster evaporation for higher temperatures. Droplets under similar conditions were then studied on a more thermally conductive stainless steel substrate, such that the effects of substrate conductivity could be investigated.
We present the first upper-limit measurement of the branching fractions of the isospin-violating transitions χc0,2→π0ηc. The measurements are performed using 106×106 ψ(3686) events accumulated with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII e+e− collider at a center-of-mass energy corresponding to the ψ(3686) mass. We obtained upper limits on the branching fractions at a 90% confidence level of B(χc0→π0ηc)<1.6×10−3 and B(χc2→π0ηc)<3.2×10−3.Received 10 February 2015DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.91.112018© 2015 American Physical Society
Plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC)-mediated protection against cytopathic virus infection involves various molecular, cellular, tissue-scale, and organism-scale events.

In order to better understand such multiscale interactions, we have implemented a systems immunology approach focusing on the analysis of the structure, dynamics and operating principles of virus-host interactions which constrain the initial spread of the pathogen. Using high-resolution experimental data sets coming from the well-described mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) model, we first calibrated basic modules including MHV infection of its primary target cells, i.e. pDCs and macrophages (Mφs). These basic building blocks were used to generate and validate an integrative mathematical model for in vivo infection dynamics.

Parameter estimation for the system indicated that on a per capita basis, one infected pDC secretes sufficient type I IFN to protect 103 to 104 Mφs from cytopathic viral infection. This extremely high protective capacity of pDCs secures the spleen's capability to function as a 'sink' for the virus produced in peripheral organs such as the liver. Furthermore, our results suggest that the pDC population in spleen ensures a robust protection against virus variants which substantially down-modulate IFN secretion. However, the ability of pDCs to protect against severe disease caused by virus variants exhibiting an enhanced liver tropism and higher replication rates appears to be rather limited. Taken together, this systems immunology analysis suggests that antiviral therapy against cytopathic viruses should primarily limit viral replication within peripheral target organs.
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is the most versatile DNA repair pathway, which can remove diverse bulky DNA lesions destabilizing a DNA duplex. NER defects cause several autosomal recessive genetic disorders. Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is one of the NER-associated syndromes characterized by low efficiency of the removal of bulky DNA adducts generated by ultraviolet radiation. XP patients have extremely high ultraviolet-light sensitivity of sun-exposed tissues, often resulting in multiple skin and eye cancers. Some XP patients develop characteristic neurodegeneration that is believed to derive from their inability to repair neuronal DNA damaged by endogenous metabolites. A specific class of oxidatively induced DNA lesions, 8,5'-cyclopurine-2'-deoxynucleosides, is considered endogenous DNA lesions mainly responsible for neurological problems in XP. Growing evidence suggests that XP is accompanied by defective mitophagy, as in primary mitochondrial disorders. Moreover, NER pathway is absent in mitochondria, implying that the mitochondrial dysfunction is secondary to nuclear NER defects. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the NER molecular mechanism and focuses on the NER linkage with the neurological degeneration in patients with XP. We also present recent research advances regarding NER involvement in oxidative DNA lesion repair. Finally, we highlight how mitochondrial dysfunction may be associated with XP.
In this paper, we propose a method for the rejection of the background from the superposition of signals from different, almost simultaneously occurring events in the calorimeter for the COMET experiment.

The basic idea is to use the chi-squared distribution obtained from fitting the recorded shape of the signal with an average waveform. The elaborated method is applied for the reconstruction of events with overlapping signals from the electron and radiative capture of neutrons by the 175 Lu nucleus, as well as overlapping signals from two electrons born as a result of the decay of muons in the bound state with an aluminum nucleus with impulses causing a 'false' signal of the μ – e conversion.

The method showed a good ability to separate events, meanwhile, the separation time is significantly less than the FWHM of the pulse shape.
This paper presents a description of algorithms for solving direct and inverse climatic and environmental problems based on a variational principle with weak constraints. The initial first-order system is supplemented by a system of equations in variations.

It provides a calculation of all necessary components of the modeling system by combining the model and observation data and including first- and second-order functionals of sensitivity to variations in the model parameters, input data, and observation results.
Formulas relating Poincare-Steklov operators for Schroedinger equations related by Darboux-Moutard transformations are derived.

They can be used for testing algorithms of reconstruction of the potential from measurements at the boundary.
This letter reports a first quantitative analysis of the contribution of higher partial waves in the charge symmetry breaking reaction $dd \to {}^4\text{He}\pi^0$ using the WASA-at-COSY detector setup at an excess energy of $Q = 60$ MeV. The determined differential cross section can be parametrized as $\text{d}\sigma/\text{d}\Omega = a + b\cos^{2}\theta^*$, where $\theta^*$ is the production angle of the pion in the center-of-mass coordinate system, and the results for the parameters are $a = \left(1.55 \pm 0.46 (\text{stat}) ^{+0.32}_{-0.8} (\text{syst}) \right)$ pb/sr and $b = \left(13.1 \pm 2.1 (\text{stat}) ^{+1.0}_{-2.7} (\text{syst})\right)$ pb/sr. The data are compatible with vanishing p-waves and a sizable d-wave contribution. This finding should strongly constrain the contribution of the $\Delta$ isobar to the $dd \to {}^4\text{He}\pi^0$ reaction and is, therefore, crucial for a quantitative understanding of quark mass effects in nuclear production reactions.
We demonstrate mode-locking and single-pulse generation in fibre laser with record-setting cavity length of 25 km.

Substantial increase in the pulse round trip duration leads to ultra-low repetition rate of 8.097 kHz and pulse energy of 3.7 μJ.
In many tasks related to reasoning about consequences of a logical theory, it is desirable to decompose the theory into a number of weakly related or independent components. However, a theory may represent knowledge that is subject to change, as a result of executing actions that have effects on some of the initial properties mentioned in the theory.

We consider decomposability and inseparability, two component properties known from the literature, and contribute by studying the conditions (1) when these properties are preserved and (2) when they are lost wrt progression and the related operation of forgetting. To show the latter, we demonstrate the boundaries using a number of negative examples. To show the former, we identify cases when these properties are preserved under forgetting and progression of initial theories in local-effect basic action theories of the situation calculus.

Our article contributes to bridging two different communities in knowledge representation, namely, research on modularity and research on reasoning about actions.
The paper reports on experimental study of turbulent transport in the initial region of swirling turbulent jets. The particle image velocimetry and planar laser-induced fluorescence techniques are used to investigate the flow structure and passive scalar concentration, respectively, in free air jet with acetone vapor. Three flow cases are considered, viz., non-swirling jets and swirling jets with and without vortex breakdown and central recirculation zone. Without vortex breakdown, the swirl is shown to promote jet mixing with surrounding air and to decrease the jet core length. The vortex core breakdown further enhances mixing as the jet core disintegrates at the nozzle exit.