Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The results of experimental study of interaction in a system of two turbulent circular parallel jets are presented. The studies were conducted using a two-component laser-Doppler anemometer with an adaptive time selection of the velocity vector. The distance between the jet axes in experiments was varied within s/D = 1.8-3.0 with Reynolds numbers Re = 5500 and 11000 . Distributions of average and pulsating components of the velocity vector at distances from the nozzle H/D = 0-10 were obtained. These distributions were analyzed in the region closest to the nozzles and the region of the greatest jet interaction.
The study is devoted to improving the efficiency of the method of multichannel analysis of surface waves due to the implementation of a new algorithm for the selection of 1D-models of the shear wave velocity by inverse dispersion curves based on machine learning. It is proposed to use a multilayer fully-connected artificial neural network (ANN) for the estimate of horizontally layered models composed of interpolated velocity values on a uniform grid with an arbitrary step. Various types of correlation dependence of the parameters of the velocity model on dispersion curves were investigated. The optimal type of the objective function was determined for ANN learning on the basis of these studies. The advantages of using a trained ANN for the problem of inversion dispersion curves are: the ability to estimate layered models with sufficient accuracy for their use at subsequent stages of seismic data processing, resistance to noise, no significant requirements for computational resources and the absence of the need for additional adjustment of parameters. The tests of the trained ANN, with the architecture proposed in this study, show high accuracy in validation (about 96%), which indicates the success of training and the actually perspective of using neural networks for inversion problems.
Fiber-optic communication systems are nowadays facing serious challenges due to fast growing demand on capacity from various new applications and services.It is now well recognised that nonlinear effects limit the spectral efficiency and transmission reach of modern fiber-optic communications.Nonlinearity compensation is therefore widely believed to be of paramount importance for increasing the capacity of future optical networks.Recently, there has been a steadily growing interest in the application of a powerful mathematical tool -the nonlinear Fourier transform (NFT) -in the development of fundamentally novel nonlinearity mitigation tools for fiber-optic channels.It has been recognized that, within this paradigm, the nonlinear crosstalk due to the Kerr effect is effectively absent, and fiber nonlinearity due to Kerr effect can enter as a constructive element rather than a degrading factor.

In this paper, we therefore survey the existing approaches in a common framework and review the progress in this area with a focus on practical implementation aspects.First, an overview of existing key algorithms for the efficacious computation of the direct and inverse NFT is given, and the issues of accuracy and numerical complexity are elucidated.We then describe different approaches for the utilization of the NFT in practical transmission schemes.

After that we discuss the differences, advantages and challenges of various recently emerged system designs employing the NFT, and the efficiency estimation available up-to-date.With many practical implementation aspects still being open, our minireview is aimed at helping researchers to assess the perspectives, understand the bottle-necks, and envision the development paths in the upcoming of NFT-based transmission technologies.
Development of electronic educational resources in the humanitarian environment of higher school is an urgent problem of modern education.

We describe models of electronic tutorials in terms of a modern direction, development of interactive teaching complexes. An original proprietary information system 'Prehistoric Art of Siberia and the Far East' (mobileart.artemiris.org) contains information on the monuments of the Paleolithic age of Siberia, which is presented in a systematic way. Objects of the Siberian Paleolithic collections are attributed, provided with a scientific description, photographs, macro, three-dimensional models and a list of references.

Modern education at the university supposes a wide usage of information technology. Interactive educational and methodological complexes today can fully satisfy this need. 3D technology proposed for presenting archaeological materials not only provides effective illustrations of the context, but also implements a new, more sophisticated methodology for studying historical and cultural heritage. Enhanced capabilities of working with a virtual model of archaeological objects allow researchers and students to get more information remotely, which reduces the anthropogenic load on the object under study. The complex developed implies non-contact processing of museum exhibits with varying degrees of damage, using computer simulation techniques for the pre-excavation state of reconstruction, provides an opportunity to restore badly damaged or even gone objects and to preserve the model shape with a possibility of subsequent replication. All of the above forces us to open a new course in the educational programs for archaeology students. It is assumed that this educational segment will find its place in the new Federal State Educational Standard and will contribute to the formation of the competencies of a modern specialist.
It was found that DNA alkylation at the N-7 guanine with the bulky alkylating reagent, N,N,N'-tri-(beta-chloroethyl)-N'-(p-formylphenyl)propylene diamine-1,3 (TFP) is much diminished when DNA is double-stranded.

We report here an application of this reaction for probing the hairpin structure in the palindrome-containing single-stranded (ss) DNA fragment of 377 bases prepared from the Eco-RI-BaMHI fragment of plasmid pBR322. 5'-Labeled ss fragment was modified with TFP and cleaved by piperidine hydrolysis at the alkylated guanine residues according to the Maxam-Gilbert procedure.

Guanines in the hairpin formed by palindrome of 9 bp were protected from TFP action, while dimethyl sulfate modified all guanines.
The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the effect of hydrophobic fluoropolymer coating on the multiscale characteristics of heat transfer at water boiling. New experimental data on dynamics of vapor bubble growth and detachment, evolution of contact line, nucleation site density, heat transfer coefficient were obtained using high-speed imaging techniques, including infrared thermography and video recording from the bottom side of transparent ITO heater. It was shown, that the using of hydrophobic fluoropolymer coating leads to heat transfer enhancement, to decrease of the superheat temperature at the onset of boiling, to increase of the active nucleation site density and to significant change in the dynamics of growth and departure of vapor bubbles and the evolution of the triple contact line.
Reticulon 4a (Rtn4a) is a membrane protein that shapes tubules of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The ER is attached to the nuclear envelope (NE) during interphase and has a role in post mitotic/meiotic NE reassembly. We speculated that Rtn4a has a role in NE dynamics.

Using immuno-electron microscopy we found that Rtn4a is located at junctions between membranes in the cytoplasm, and between cytoplasmic membranes and the outer nuclear membrane in growing Xenopus oocyte nuclei. We found that during NE assembly in Xenopus egg extracts, Rtn4a localises to the edges of membranes that are flattening onto the chromatin. Previously it was shown that incubation of egg extracts with antibodies against Rtn4a caused ER to form into large vesicles instead of tubules. To test whether Rtn4a contributes to NE assembly, we added the same Rtn4a antibody to nuclear assembly reactions.

These results demonstrate that Rtn4a locates to regions of high membrane curvature in the ER and the assembling NE. Chromatin was enclosed by membranes containing nuclear pore complexes, but nuclei did not grow. Instead large sacs of ER membranes attached to, but did not integrate into the NE. It is possible therefore that Rtn4a may have a role in NE assembly.
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a new type of pluripotent cells that can be obtained by reprogramming animal and human differentiated cells. In this review, issues related to the nature of iPSCs are discussed and different methods of iPSC production are described. We particularly focused on methods of iPSC production without the genetic modification of the cell genome and with means for increasing the iPSC production efficiency. The possibility and issues related to the safety of iPSC use in cell replacement therapy of human diseases and a study of new medicines are considered.
The mesoporous structures of tin oxide were obtained by a simple method of one-stage electrochemical anodizing of Sn foil in 1M NaOH in various anodizing modes. Anodizing in the pulse potentiostatic mode allowed determination of actual value of the voltage drop on the anode. For the first time the possibility of obtaining mesoporous oxide films on the surface of tin using galvanostatic mode of anodizing was demonstrated.

It was found that the surface morphology of the obtained tin oxide layers is strongly dependent on the anodizing mode. Based on the data obtained, a two-stage mechanism was proposed for the growth of porous structures on the surface of tin in the galvanostatic mode including initial formation of the layer of SnO·xH 2 O which is subsequently oxidized to SnO2·xH 2 O mesoporouslayer.
CpG dinucleotides are targets for epigenetic methylation, many of them bearing 5‐methylcytosine (mCyt) in the human genome. Guanine in this context can be easily oxidized to 8‐oxoguanine (oxoGua), which is repaired by 8‐oxoguanine‐DNA glycosylase (OGG1). We have studied how methylation affects the efficiency of oxoGua excision from damaged CpG dinucleotides. Methylation of the adjacent cytosine moderately decreased the oxoGua excision rate while methylation opposite oxoGua lowered the rate of product release. Cytosine methylation abolished stimulation of OGG1 by repair endonuclease APEX1. The OGG1 S326C polymorphic variant associated with lung cancer showed poorer base excision and lost sensitivity to the opposite‐base methylation. The overall repair in the system reconstituted from purified proteins decreased for CpG with mCyt in the damaged strand.
Auto-completion is an essential feature of any popular text editor for some language. It allows users to avoid the process of annoying typing of long expressions in their projects. There are a lot of different works in this direction in scientific research and commercial products. These works are very different and either use some special features and heuristics to improve code completion or use machine learning techniques. Most of these approaches rely on synthetic data and do not take into account the behavior of real users. The article proposes an approach to improve the automatic code completion mechanism for the Python language by collecting information about usage of this mechanism by real users. The obtained data is used to train the model to rank completion variants with machine learning algorithms. To train the model, two types of features are used: contextual and elemental. Contextual features describe information about the code next to the cursor position in a text editor. Elemental features describe the characteristics of the proposed variant, for example, the length of the matching prefix. When building a model, it is important to take into account the limits of the response time of the model and its size. Also, in the paper, various approaches of assessing the quality of the final model are considered.
Modification of gravity due to the curvature dependent term in the gravitational baryogenesis scenario is considered. It is shown that this term leads to the fourth order differential equation of motion for the curvature scalar instead of the algebraic one of General Relativity (GR). The fourth order gravitational equations are generically unstable with respect to small perturbations. Non-linear in curvature terms may stabilize the solution but the magnitude of the stabilized curvature scalar would be much larger than that dictated by GR, so the standard cosmology would be strongly distorted.
For the first time a detailed analysis of the equilibrium-non-equilibrium state of ground waters of hydrocarbon occurrences in Arctic areas of the West Siberian megabasin based on physico-chemical modeling of equilibria in the «water-rock» revealed hydrogeochemical and thermodynamic conditions for the formation of authigenic minerals. For the first time equilibrated compositions of groundwaters and parameters of geochemical environment were identified, being a prerequisite for the mineral neoformations.
article Free Access Share on Object analysis of program Authors: Vladimir I. Shelekhov Institute of Informatics System , 6, Acad . Lavrentjev pr., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia Institute of Informatics System , 6, Acad . Lavrentjev pr., Novosibirsk 630090, RussiaView Profile , Sergey V. Kuksenko Department of Computer Science,, Novosibirsk State University Department of Computer Science,, Novosibirsk State UniversityView Profile Authors Info & Claims

ACM SIGPLAN NoticesVolume 29Issue 9Sept. 1994 pp 125–134https://doi.org/10.1145/185009.185034Online:01 September 1994Publication History

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A strong spin-orbit interaction leads to a Rashba-type splitting of the bulk bands of BiTeCl, which results in toroidal Fermi surfaces with distinct spin structures depending on the chemical potential. Here, we present spin- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy measurements of the three-dimensional spin-orbit split state at the top of the valence band. Its polarization is systematically studied in dependence of the photon energy and compared to ab initio calculations of the initial state. The measured spin orientation is in plane to the (0001) surface and perpendicular to the momentum, independently of the photon energy.
Hydrogeological studies in Russia are conducted in many areas, ranging from the assessment of the groundwater resource base to the study of water-rock-gas-organic matter system geological evolution. This breadth of research was shown by the All-Russian Conference on Groundwaters of Eastern Russia (XXII Conference on groundwater of Siberia and Russian Far East with international participation) held on June 18-22, 2018 in Novosibirsk at the Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IPGG SB RAS). The meeting was attended by 138 scientists from 79 scientific, educational and industrial organizations.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the commonest type of late-life dementia and damages the cerebral cortex, a vulnerable brain region implicated in memory, emotion, cognition, and decision-making behavior. AD is characterized by progressive neuronal loss, but the mechanisms of cell death at different stages of the disease remain unknown. Here, by means of OXYS rats as an appropriate model of the most common (sporadic) AD form, we studied the main pathways of cell death during development of AD-like pathology, including the preclinical stage. We found that apoptosis is activated at the pre-symptomatic stage (age 20 days) correlating with the retardation of brain development in the OXYS strain early in life. Progression of the AD-like pathology was accompanied by activation of apoptosis and necroptosis resulting from a decline of autophagy-mediated proteostasis. Our results are consistent with the idea that the nature of changes in the pathways of apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis depends on the stage of AD.
Human protein glycosylation is a complex process, and its in vivo regulation is poorly understood. Changes in glycosylation patterns are associated with many human diseases and conditions. Understanding the biological determinants of protein glycome provides a basis for future diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) allow to study biology via a hypothesis-free search of loci and genetic variants associated with a trait of interest. Sixteen loci were identified by three previous GWAS of human plasma proteome N-glycosylation. However, the possibility that some of these loci are false positives needs to be eliminated by replication studies, which have been limited so far.

Here, we use the largest set of samples so far (4802 individuals) to replicate the previously identified loci. For all but one locus, the expected replication power exceeded 95%.

Of the 16 loci reported previously, 15 were replicated in our study. For the remaining locus (near the KREMEN1 gene), the replication power was low, and hence, replication results were inconclusive. The very high replication rate highlights the general robustness of the GWAS findings as well as the high standards adopted by the community that studies genetic regulation of protein glycosylation. The 15 replicated loci present a good target for further functional studies. Among these, eight loci contain genes encoding glycosyltransferases: MGAT5, B3GAT1, FUT8, FUT6, ST6GAL1, B4GALT1, ST3GAL4 and MGAT3. The remaining seven loci offer starting points for further functional follow-up investigation into molecules and mechanisms that regulate human protein N-glycosylation in vivo.
Two-phase systems have a huge potential for solving problems of removing large heat fluxes. To date, mini-channel and microchannel systems are widespread. Of particular interest are the stratified flow regime and the annular flow regime in mini- and micro- channel. It is necessary to know in detail the map of flow regimes for the realization of these flow regimes. In this paper, we present an investigation of flow regimes for a rectangular mini- channel 10 mm wide and 1.1 mm high.
Особенности читательской аудитории в контексте корейской книгопечатной культуры раннего Чосона (XIV-XVI века)

М. А
The article poses a problem of engineering education and training of today, which are facing difficulties while developing an efficient competency-based approach realization. The authors concentrate on an urgent task of developing the integration competence of future engineers which is treated as a metadisciplinary competence providing students with ability and readiness to synthesize subject-oriented professional and social competences into a holistic system. The structure of integration competence is analyzed and the following components are determined: a value and motivation component; a practical activity component; a cognitive component; a self-analysis and self-assessment component. Among distinguishing features of the integration competence the authors define its instrumental character, metadisciplinary and universal properties as well as its nonalgorithmic character. It is shown that professionally oriented training is a core factor of integration competence development. Depending on elements being integrated, the main forms of integration of competences are determined. The model of competence integration presented in the article can serve as the basis for developing methods and conditions for its systematic elaboration in university training. The results of this study can be useful for educators of different administrative levels, teaching-and-training schools which realize a competency-based approach in their teaching.
The article concludes that the category 'dignity at workplace' should become crucial for the analysis of the legal status of workers and its implementation in the labor relationship. The preservation and implementation of dignity at workplace have objective features connected with the initially 'hostile' environment to dignity and the specifics of its structure. The article concludes that there is a double meaning of dignity for the legal status of employees. On the one hand, dignity as an existential value forms the basis of the legal status, and the specificity of its structure (self-respect and respect by employer; employee autonomy; self-affirmation; self-realization) is a metaphysical justification of his rights and obligations. On the other hand, as a universal moral value, dignity is the ultimate goal of the implementation of the legal status, it is a criterion for assessing labor relations.
Linearity of the topological insulator edge state spectrum plays the crucial role for various transport phenomena. The previous studies found that this linearity exists near the spectrum crossing point, but did not determine how perfect the linearity is.

The purpose of the present study is to answer this question in various edge states models. We examine Volkov and Pankratov (VP) model [1] for the Dirac Hamiltonian and the model of [2,3] (BHZ1) for the Bernevig, Hughes and Zhang (BHZ) Hamiltonian [4] with zero boundary conditions.

It is found that both models yield ideally linear edge states. In the BHZ1 model the linearity is conserved up to the spectrum ending points corresponding to the tangency of the edge spectrum with the boundary of 2D states. In contrast, the model of[5] (BHZ2) with mixed boundary conditions for BHZ Hamiltonian and the 2D tight-binding (TB) model from [4] yield weak non-linearity.
We propose a model kinetic system of the hydrogen atom (two levels plus continuum) under the conditions typical for atmospheres of Type IIP supernovae in the plateau stage. Despite the simplicity of this system, it describes realistically the basic properties of the complete system. Analysis shows that the ionization "freeze-out" effect is always manifest at large times. We give a simple criterion for checking the statistical equilibrium of a system under the given conditions at any time. It is shown that if the system is in non-equilibrium at early times, the time-dependent effect of ionization necessarily exists. We also generalize this criterion to the case of arbitrary multilevel systems. We discuss various factors that affect the strength of the time-dependent effect in the kinetics during the photospheric phase of a supernova explosion.
In this work we present the results of numerical simulation of the non-uniform self-complementary metasurface which is illuminated by circular polarized plane wave providing angular separation of the co- and cross-polarized THz beams. We perform a Floquet analysis of non-uniform metasurface based on supercells and show that the metasurface will create the cross-polarized beam in the desired transmission angle, while keeping the co-polarized beam transmitted in the broadside. It could be obtained by gradually altering the geometry of the unit cell along the metasurface to get different phase jumps for the cross-polar coefficients.