Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Female interspecific vole hybrids were examined for the expression of the G6PD and GALA genes on the X chromosomes.

When one of the parents was a species with a heterochromatin block on the X, and the other parent was M. arvalis, without a heterochromatin block on the X, preferential expression of the genes of the M. arvalis X was consistently observed. When both parental species had heterochromatin on the X, the parental forms of G6PD and GALA were in about equal proportions in the hybrid females. The results of the cytological identification of the active and inactive X on the metaphase spreads in the hybrid females are in agreement with the biochemical results.

It is suggested that the observed phenomenon may be due to a nonrandom inactivation of the X chromosome containing a heterochromatin block in crosses involving M. arvalis and by a random inactivation in those with both parents having heterochromatin blocks on the X chromosomes. These results support our previous suggestion that heterochromatin has an effect on X inactivation in female interspecific vole hybrids.
The paper discusses the method of multichannel analysis of surface waves.

We propose an automated method of surface waves extraction, based on the time-frequency representation of seismograms and their subsequent spatial spectral analysis. This approach is robust for the extraction of smooth and realistic dispersion curves in automatic mode.

This provides a more reliable assessment of high-velocity sections of shear waves by the method of multichannel analysis of surface waves. The article presents the results of testing of the developed approach with using noisy synthetic and real seismic data.
In this study, cytogenetic analysis of the metaphase chromosomes from imaginal discs of Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes-Aedes communis, Ae. punctor, Ae. intrudens, and Ae. rossicus-was performed. The patterns of C-banding and DAPI staining of the heteroсhromatin and the length of the chromosomes demonstrate species specificity. In particular, the Ae. punctor chromosomes are the shortest compared with Ae. communis, Ae. intrudens, and Ae. rossicus, and they also carry additional C and DAPI bands in intercalary regions. The Ae. intrudens chromosomes are the longest, they have pericentromeric C bands, and they almost lack any DAPI bands near the centromere of chromosome 3 versus Ae. communis, which has the largest pericentromeric DAPI blocks in all three chromosome pairs. Ae. rossicus also possesses DAPI bands in the centromeric regions of all chromosomes, but their staining is weaker compared with those of Ae. communis. Therefore, the analysis of karyotypes is a tool for species-level identification of these mosquitoes.
In this paper we study unitary braid group representations associated with Majorana Fermions. Majorana Fermions are represented by Majorana operators, elements of a Clifford algebra. The paper recalls and proves a general result about braid group representations associated with Clifford algebras, and compares this result with the Ivanov braiding associated with Majorana operators. The paper generalizes observations of Kauffman and Lomonaco and of Mo-Lin Ge to show that certain strings of Majorana operators give rise to extraspecial 2-groups and to braiding representations of the Ivanov type.
The paper describes some biological features of the radioprotective effect of double-stranded RNA preparation. It was found that yeast RNA preparation has a prolonged radioprotective effect after irradiation by a lethal dose of 9.4 Gy. 100 % of animals survive on the 70th day of observation when irradiated 1 hour or 4 days after 7 mg RNA preparation injection, 60 % animals survive when irradiated on day 8 or 12. Time parameters of repair of double-stranded breaks induced by gamma rays were estimated. It was found that the injection of the RNA preparation at the time of maximum number of double-stranded breaks, 1 hour after irradiation, reduces the efficacy of radioprotective action compared with the injection 1 hour before irradiation and 4 hours after irradiation. A comparison of the radioprotective effect of the standard radioprotector B-190 and the RNA preparation was made in one experiment.

In the course of analytical studies of the total yeast RNA preparation, it was found that the preparation is a mixture of single-stranded and double-stranded RNA. It was shown that only double-stranded RNA has radioprotective properties. Injection of 160 μg double-stranded RNA protects 100 % of the experimental animals from an absolutely lethal dose of gamma radiation, 9.4 Gy.

It was established that the radioprotective effect of double-stranded RNA does not depend on sequence, but depends on its double-stranded form and the presence of 'open' ends of the molecule. It is supposed that the radioprotective effect of double-stranded RNA is associated with the participation of RNA molecules in the correct repair of radiation-damaged chromatin in blood stem cells. The hematopoietic pluripotent cells that have survived migrate to the periphery, reach the spleen and actively proliferate. The newly formed cell population restores the hematopoietic and immune systems, which determines the survival of lethally irradiated animals.
The allelic polymorphism of the serotonin transporter's gene 5-HTTLPR is considered as one of the factors determining an individual genetic predisposition to the development of a wide range of affective disorders, including depression. Many studies have shown that the climatic and social conditions of people's life can have a significant impact on the connections of 5-HTTLPR with the risk of depression.

The stop-signal paradigm (SSP) is an experimental method allowing evaluating an individual ability to the self-control of behavior in a changing environment. In the SSP experiment, a subject should either press one of several buttons quickly after the appearance of the target stimuli or suppress the already started movement if an inhibitory signal follows the target stimulus. The aim of this study is a research of associations between the allelic the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and the individual scores of the personal anxiety level, as well as the behavioral and neurophysiological indicators of the ability to self-control over motor reactions in the SSP. The study was conducted among people from three ethno-regional groups: healthy Caucasoids from Novosibirsk, the Mongoloid groups of the indigenous population of the Tuva Republic and Sakha Republic (Yakutia). Genetic, ethnographic, and psychological influences on an individual's ability to control motor responses were compared. The amplitude of the premotor peak of the evoked brain potential was used as a neurophysiological marker of the person's readiness to the execution of target-directed activity.

It was revealed that the frequency of the S-allele polymorphism 5-HTTLPR was significantly higher for both mongoloid groups compared to the Caucasoids. The S/S genotype was associated with an increased level of personal anxiety and at the same time with a better ability to the self-control of behavior in the SSP experiment. Anxiety level, participants' sex, ethnicity, and allelic polymorphism 5-HTTLPR had a statistically significant effect on the amplitude of the premotor readiness potential recorded under the SSP conditions in the frontal and parietal-occipital cortical regions. Our data support the hypothesis that the S/S genotype of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism may be associated with more success in adapting to the climatic conditions connected with high life risk in comparison to L/L and L/S genotypes.
The method is applied to a model where the number of distorted letters is limited, the obtained estimate of its performance is slightly better than the known Varshamov–Gilbert bound.

We describe and explore so-called linear hash functions and show how they can be used to build error detection and correction codes. The method can be applied for different types of errors (for example, burst errors). We also describe random code whose performance is close to the same boundary, but its construction is much simpler.

The proposed error correction codes are close to those obtained in the theory of linear codes, but there are examples when the proposed algorithms are more efficient.
In vivo study of cerebral metabolism in neonatal animals by high-resolution magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is an important tool for deciphering the developmental origins of adult diseases. Up to date, all in vivo spectrum acquisition procedures have been performed in neonatal rodents under anesthesia. However, it is still unknown if the inhaled anesthetic isoflurane, which is commonly used in magnetic resonance imaging studies, could affect metabolite levels in the brain of neonatal rats. Moreover, the unanesthetized MRS preparation that uses neonatal rodent pups is still lacking.

Here, a novel restraint protocol was developed for neonatal rats in accordance with the European Directive 2010/63/EU. This protocol shares the same gradation of severity as the protocol for non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging of animals with appropriate sedation or anesthesia. Such immobilization of neonatal rats without anesthesia can be implemented for MRS studies when an interaction between anesthetic and target drugs is expected.

Short-term isoflurane treatment did not affect the levels of key metabolites in the hippocampi of anesthetized pups and, in contrast to juvenile and adult rodents, it is suitable for MRS studies in neonatal rats when the interaction between anesthetic and target drugs is not expected.
Annual needles of larch and cedar were sampled in the tundra zone of the Arctic part of Western Siberia in order to determine 7 Be, 210 Pb and 137 Cs specific activities. Higher concentrations of 137 Cs in the needles of cedar relative to the needles of larch can be associated with a clear difference in the properties of accumulation and translocation of caesium among these species. Higher concentrations of 7 Be and 210 Pb in the needles of larch relative to cedar needles and close isotopic ratios ( 7 Be/ 210 Pb) are probably due to more efficient aerosol deposition on vegetative canopies of larch.
We applied a method of plasma arc synthesis to study effects of modification of the fluorite phase of ceria by tin ions. By sputtering active components (Pt, Ce, Sn) together with carbon from a graphite electrode in a helium ambient we prepared samples of complex highly defective composite PtCeC and PtCeSnC oxide particles stabilized in a matrix of carbon. Subsequent high-temperature annealing of the samples in oxygen removes the carbon matrix and causes the formation of active catalysts Pt/CeOx and Pt/CeSnOx for CO oxidation. In the presence of Sn, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) show formation of a mixed phase CeSnOx and stabilization of more dispersed species with a fluorite-type structure. These factors are essential for the observed high activity and thermic stability of the catalyst modified by Sn. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) reveals the presence of both Pt2+ and Pt4+ ions in the catalyst Pt/CeOx, whereas only the state Pt2+ of platinum could be detected in the Sn-modified catalyst Pt/CeSnOx. Insertion of Sn ions into the Pt/CeOx lattice destabilizes/reduces Pt4+ cations in the Pt/CeSnOx catalyst and induces formation of strikingly high concentration (up to 50% at.) of lattice Ce3+ ions. Our DFT calculations corroborate destabilization of Pt4+ ions by incorporation of cationic Sn in Pt/CeOx. The presented results show that modification of the fluorite lattice of ceria by tin induces substantial amount of mobile reactive oxygen partly due to affecting geometric parameters of ceria by tin ions.
The detector developments for fast and super-fast time-resolved studies at SR beams are reviewed. Two detectors based on Si micro-strip technology are developed at present in Budker INP SB RAS. The detector for imaging of super-fast processes at a nanosecond scale, DIMEX-Si allows to improve by more than a factor of ten maximum detected photon flux, with respect to the gaseous version of such detector, that is operating at VEPP-3 for more than 15 years; the frame rate is increased from 10 MFr/s up to 50 MFr/s and spatial resolution is improved from 250 µm to about 70 microns. The new full-size detector prototype for the studies of tungsten deformations under pulse heat load in a microsecond scale is recently developed. It has significantly better spatial resolution and sensitivity compared to the DIMEX-G detector that was used for these studies before.
The available data on the $D\overline{D}$ and inclusive hadronic cross sections in the $\psi(3770)$ region from the BaBar, Belle, BES-II, CLEO and KEDR experiments have been analyzed assuming that systematic uncertainties on cross sections measured by different detectors are not correlated.

Four theoretical models predicting the $\psi(3770)$ line shape were considered for the $D\overline{D}$ channel. All of them gave satisfactory description of the data. The combined analysis of the $D\overline{D}$ and inclusive hadronic channel was performed using the model based on the vector dominance approach and accounting for the contribution of the $\psi(2S)$ tail to the $D\overline{D}$ cross section.

The following values of the mass, total width, electron width and decay probability to the non-$D\overline{D}$ states were obtained: $M=3779.8 \pm 0.6 ~\text{MeV}, \Gamma=25.8 \pm 1.3 ~\text{MeV} , \Gamma_{ee}=196 \pm 18 ~\text{eV}, \mathcal{B}_{nD\overline{D}}=0.164 \pm 0.049$, where the errors quoted include both statistical and dominant systematic uncertainties.
Deformable cell model is developed to study pattern formation and to simulate plant tissue growth. Each cell represents a polygon with a number of vertices connected by springs. Some cells in the tissue can grow and divide, other cells are differentiated and do not grow or divide but remain deformable.

The model is used to investigate formation of self-similar structures which reproduce the same cell organization during their growth. In numerical experiments we observed that self-similar solutions can exist for a rather precise choice of plant structure and mechanical properties of cell walls. We test the model for simulation of apical meristems functioning which represent self-similar cell structures in plants. At the next stage of modelling, auxin distribution is introduced by means of diffusion and polar transport mechanisms.

The existence of steady auxin distribution in a growing root is investigated. Single as well as multiple auxin maxima have been observed in model solutions.
a previous SDSS sample with similar BH mass and redshift

using high-cadence optical imaging data from Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam HSC g-band imaging with 1-hour cadence, and optical spectra taken with Subaru FOCAS to detect broad and narrow H-alpha and many other emission lines

the host galaxy is a star-forming galaxy, and effectiveness of variability selection for low-mass active BHs is shown
The three dimensional waves formed as a result of decay of the forced two dimensional waves were studied.

Results of simultaneous liquid velocity and film thickness fields measurements in the three dimensional waves are presented. Liquid velocity fields were reconstructed at different distance from the film surface with reference to the specific area of the wave.

It was shown that flow in the three dimensional wave has complicated structure with existence of areas with backflow and transverse flows of opposite directions. Main areas of transverse flows existence are lying under main humps of three dimensional waves.
A cross section of the process e+e−→π+π−π+π− has been measured using 6798±93 signal events from a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9.8 pb−1 collected with the CMD-3 detector in the center-of-mass energy range 920–1060 MeV. The measured cross section exhibits a pattern of interference of the ϕ(1020)→π+π−π+π− decay with a non-resonant process e+e−→π+π−π+π−, from which we obtain the branching fraction of the doubly suppressed decays (by G-parity and OZI rule): B(ϕ→π+π−π+π−)=(6.5±2.7±1.6)×10−6.
The experiments have been carried out with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 e+e− collider in the energy range from 0.3 to 2.0 GeV. The cross sections for the processes e+e− → ωπ0, K+K−, 3π, ηπ+π−, ηγ, pp̄, nn̄ have been measured.
The paper is devoted to comparison of multiple-objectives optimization algorithms in application to the problem of design optimization of a multiply fractured horizontal well (MFHW). The problem is stated either as a single-objective one, where only the income based on Net Present Value (NPV) is maximized, or as a multi-objective problem, where it is necessary to simultaneously find extremes of NPV, the post-fracture oil production and fracturing costs.

Three popular stochastic optimization methods are considered: genetic algorithms (GA), simulated annealing (SA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO).

Since PSO, SA and GA techniques employ different strategies and computational efforts, the comparison of their efficiency was carried out by testing on synthetic problems and then applied to the example of a MFHW in a low-permeable oil reservoir.
Since 2010 the CMD-3 detector has been collecting data at the VEPP-2000 e+e− collider. CMD-3 is a general purpose detector designed to study e+e− annihilation into hadrons in the center-of-mass (c.m.) energy range from 0.3 up to 2 GeV. Preliminary results for the e+e− → 2(π+π−π0) cross section were obtained in the c.m. energy range from 1.5 up to 2 GeV. The analysis is based on a data sample of 22 pb−1.
The surface of a thick liquid film under strong gas shear is covered by large-scale disturbance waves and small-scale ripples. Disruption of these ripples on top of disturbance waves by the gas stream leads to the creation of droplets that are entrained into the gas core and may deposit back onto the film surface. In addition, gas may be entrapped by the liquid film in the form of bubbles of various sizes. In this work, the study of gas bubble creation was performed in a horizontal rectangular duct using the brightness-based laser-induced fluorescence technique. With this technique, the instantaneous height of the liquid film was measured with a 40 µm spatial resolution over a 51 mm by 20 mm area at speeds of 10 kHz. The entrapped bubbles and entrained/depositing droplets are detectable in the data and can thus be studied simultaneously with the waves on the film surface. Several scenarios of bubble entrapment and collapse were identified and discussed. The dynamics of entrapped bubbles was studied quantitatively using an automatic processing algorithm, confirming and elucidating the results of qualitative observations. The effect of the flow parameters on the bubbles concentration, velocity and size distributions was studied separately for the bubbles inside the disturbance waves and inside the thin base film between the disturbance waves. It was shown that the bubbles are mostly created due to oblique impacts of droplets at the base film and are accumulated by the disturbance waves. A small number of bubbles of larger size are created in front of disturbance waves and remain inside the disturbance waves. The velocity of the bubbles is affected by the velocity of the surrounding liquid. Using the bubbles as tracers, a profile of longitudinal liquid velocity was constructed and a noticeable increase of wall shear under the rear slopes of disturbance waves was found.
It is known that circulating DNA (cirDNA) is protected from nuclease activity by proteins that form macromolecular complexes with DNA. In addition, it was previously shown that cirDNA can bind to the outer surface of exosomes.

NTA analysis and real-time PCR show that exosomes from healthy females (HF) or breast cancer patients (BCP) plasma contain less than 1.4 × 10-8 pg of DNA. Treatment of plasma exosomes with DNase I with subsequent dot immunoassay reveals that H2a, H2b, and H3 histones are not part of the exosomal membrane, but are part of the cirDNA-protein macromolecular complex associated with the surface of the exosome either through interaction with DNA-binding proteins or with histone-binding proteins. Using bioinformatics approaches after identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, 16 exosomal DNA-binding proteins were identified.

It was shown that four proteins-AIFM1, IGHM, CHD5, and KCNIP3-are candidates for DNA binding on the outer membrane of exosomes; the crown of exosomes may include five DNA-binding proteins: H2a, H2b, H3, IGHM, and ALB. Of note, AIFM1, IGHM, and CHD5 proteins are found only in HF plasma exosomes; KCNIP3 protein is identified only in BCP plasma exosomes; and H2a, H2b, H3, and ALB are revealed in all samples of plasma exosomes. Two histone-binding proteins, CHD5 and KDM6B, have been found in exosomes from HF plasma. The data obtained indicate that cirDNA preferentially binds to the outer membrane of exosomes by association with DNA-binding proteins.
Medical genetics problems have been discussed in the articles from previous post-conference journal issues [5-8].
In this paper, an axisymmetric problem of gas outflow from a pipe end to an area of high density (two-phase mixture) is considered. Simulation of the two-phase coolant outflow without phase transition is carried out using a two-velocity model, solved by the LCPFCT software package [1]. Cross-verification is performed with the results of calculation obtained by the OpenFoam software [2] using the VOF method for the approximation of the single-velocity model of a two-phase compressible medium. Using various numerical programs and various physical models of a two-phase medium gives a more complete understanding of the occurring processes.
Using a combination of Quasiharmonic Lattice Dynamic and Molecular Dynamic Simulation methods in conjunction with well developed statistical thermodynamics theory the thermodynamic properties of nitrogen gas hydrates has been calculated, with the main focus on the thermal expansion coefficient.

It is shown that nitrogen gas hydrate displays larger value of the thermal expansion coefficient in comparison with hexagonal ice Ih and empty gas hydrate lattice, moreover this value is very close to one of the carbon dioxide and to other hydrates that have self-preservation effect.

Exactly because of this difference in the thermal expansion coefficient it is possible to confirm existence of the self-preservation effect. The self-preservation effect can be used for creation of low-cost technology of hydrates storage and transportation technology applicable for many gas types.