Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The aim of this study was to compare and analyze the effectiveness of protein markers of myocardial necrosis - heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) and the MB fraction of creatine phosphokinase (CPK-MB) in the dynamics of acute coronary syndrome.

Material and methods. A total of 49 patients (57.1 ± 11,0 years) were examined, including 36 male patients (73.5 %) who were admitted to the City Clinical Hospital No. 34 of Novosibirsk with suspected acute coronary syndrome. The content of H-FABP in whole venous blood was evaluated for all patients upon admission to the hospital with the means of the immunochromatographic rapid test «CardioPBFA» (NPO «Biotest», Novosibirsk) with a sensitivity of 15 ng/ml. Determination of CPK-MB was carried out repeatedly in the first 48 hours from the beginning of the clinical manifestations of the disease, using immunochemiluminometric assay.

Results and discussion. It was revealed that in patients with myocardial infarction (MI), CPK-MB content after 6-24 hours and also after 24-48 hours from the onset of pain was significantly higher than in patients without MI. H-FABP content 15 ng/ml and more, determined in the majority of patients in the first 6 hours from the onset of pain, was recorded much more often in MI presence than in MI absence. Using partial correlation analysis, it was determined that age influenced the association of MI with CPK-MB 6-24 hours after the onset of pain (which is probably due to the increase in the influence of a number of factors modulating the level of protein cardiac markers with age), and the correlation of MI with CPK-MB in 24-48 hours from the onset of pain did not depend on this factor ( r = 0.322; p = 0.46). In the regression model (χ² = 13.6; p = 0.001) it was revealed that H-FABP content 15 ng/ml and more regardless of age ( p = 0.006) is associated with the presence of MI in the patients, which confirms information about the high significance of identifying this H-FABP level in early diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
Prokaryotic microorganisms are able to survive and proliferate in severe environmental conditions. The increasing number of complete sequences of prokaryotic genomes has provided the basis for studying the molecular mechanisms of their adaptation at the genomic level. We apply here a computer-based approach to compare the genomes and proteomes from P. furiosus, P. horikoshii, and P. abyssi to identify features of their molecular evolution related to adaptation strategy to diverse environmental conditions.Phylogenetic analysis of rRNA genes from 26 Pyrococcus strains suggested that the divergence of P. furiosus, P. horikoshii and P. abyssi might have occurred from ancestral deep-sea organisms. It was demonstrated that the function of genes that have been subject to positive Darwinian selection is closely related to abiotic and biotic conditions to which archaea managed to become adapted. Divergence of the P. furiosus archaea might have been due to loss of some genes involved in cell motility or signal transduction, and/or to evolution under positive selection of the genes for translation machinery. In the course of P. horikoshii divergence, positive selection was found to operate mainly on the transcription machinery; divergence of P. abyssi was related with positive selection for the genes mainly involved in inorganic ion transport. Analysis of radical amino acid replacement rate in evolving P. furiosus, P. horikoshii and P. abyssi showed that the fixation rate was higher for radical substitutions relative to the volume of amino acid side-chain.The current results give due credit to the important role of hydrostatic pressure as a cause of variability in the P. furiosus, P. horikoshii and P. abyssi genomes evolving in different habitats. Nevertheless, adaptation to pressure does not appear to be the sole factor ensuring adaptation to environment. For example, at the stage of the divergence of P. horikoshii and P. abyssi, an essential evolutionary role may be assigned to changes in the trophic chain, namely, acquisition of a consumer status at a high (P. horikoshii) or low level (P. abyssi).
Herein, we develop an enhanced and automated methodology for detection of the tumour cells in fixed biopsy samples.Metamaterial formalism (MMF) approach allowing recognition of tumour areas in tissue samples is enhanced by providing an advanced technique to digitize mouse biopsy images.Thus, a colour-based segmentation technique based on the Kmeans clustering method is used allowing for a precise segmentation of the cells composing the biological tissue sample.Errors occurring at the tissue digitization steps are detected by applying MMF.Doing so, we end up with the robust, fully automated approach with no needs of the human intervention, ready for the clinical applications.The proposed methodology consists of three major steps, i. e. digitization of the biopsy image, analysis of the biopsy image, modelling of the disordered metamaterial.It is worthwhile mentioning, that the technique under consideration allows for the cancer stage detection.Moreover, early stage cancer diagnosis is possible by applying MMF.
We propose a simple and effective way of creating pure dark superposition states.

The generation of pure states is carried out by using bichromatic radiation with controllable polarization ellipticity. We derived analytic formulas for polarization ellipticity to obtain pure dark states of different Zeeman sublevels of alkali atoms.

Experimentally we accumulated ~60% of the atoms in the 0-0 dark state of the D1 line of Rb87
Catalytic depolymerization of birch-wood organosolv lignin was studied in supercritical ethanol at 260 ºC.Three different acid-basic materials namely sepiolite, zeolite ZSM-5 supported on Al 2 O 3 and Sibunit graphite-like mesoporous carbon promoted via oxidation were tested as catalysts.Moreover, Ru-containing catalysts based on these supports were studied.Among the catalysts without ruthenium, Sibunit matherial was found to produce highest yield of liquid products due to the highest amount of surface acid sites. Precipitating Ru significantly increases the activity of all three supports. Using Ru-containingSibunit catalyst in lignin depolymerization process allows to avoid coke formation, increases the amount of aromatic monomers and the total yield of liquid products up to 76 %.The yield obtained in best catalytic experiment is more then twice higher compared to the process without any catalyst.
Relativistic electron beams are used successfully to generate electromagnetic waves.Both narrow-band and short-pulse THz generators of such type are described with examples of the free electron lasers (FELs) and prebunched-beam devices.FELs (see, e.g., [1]) convert the power of relativistic electron beams to narrow-band radiation.The main component of an FEL is a special spatially periodic magnetic system, called undulator (see, e.g., [2]).The undulator magnetic field curves electron trajectories; therefore, electrons emit narrow-band electromagnetic radiation in free space.The scheme of the FEL amplifier is shown in Fig. 1.
Primary hyperaldosteronism is an existence of a functional autonomous source with increased aldosterone production (full or partial) in relation to the renin-angiotensin system. Increased production of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex is the most common form of a secondary hypertension despite the low attention of internists to the problem.

The success of a treatment and a prognosis of these patients depend on correct choice of screening (aldosterone/renin ratio) and clarifying diagnostic methods. There are clear algorithms for conducting these tests in accordance with Russian and International recommendations in the respective groups of patients. The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate the long way to diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism in a young patient with refractory hypertension, right adrenal adenoma, and clinical (convulsions, weakness) and laboratory signs of hypokalemia.

It should not only have made the diagnosis easy, but it could have also absolutely justified the surgical tactics. Unfortunately, the final verification of the disease by carrying out a saline test was accomplished 13 years after the debut of hypertension and 10 years after the primary visualization of the adrenal adenoma.
A support or realization of a hypergraph $\mathcal{H}$ is a graph \(G\) on the same vertex set as \(\mathcal{H}\) such that for each hyperedge of $\mathcal{H}$ it holds that its vertices induce a connected subgraph of $G$. The NP-hard problem of finding a planar support has applications in hypergraph drawing and network design. Previous algorithms for the problem assume that twins---pairs of vertices that are in precisely the same hyperedges---can safely be removed from the input hypergraph. We prove that this assumption is generally wrong, yet that the number of twins necessary for a hypergraph to have a planar support only depends on its number of hyperedges. We give an explicit upper bound on the number of twins necessary for a hypergraph with \(m\) hyperedges to have an \(r\)-outerplanar support, which depends only on \(r\) and \(m\). Since all additional twins can be safely removed, we obtain a linear-time algorithm for computing \(r\)-outerplanar supports for hypergraphs with \(m\) hyperedges if $m$ and $r$ are constant; in other words, the problem is fixed-parameter linear-time solvable with respect to the parameters $m$ and $r$.
Modes of occurrences and geochemical characteristics of ilmenite and magnetite in the North Suoi Cun ultramafic rocks are studied to understand source, formation and evolution of magma chamber. The North Suoi Cun ultramafic block consist of plagiolherzolite and olivine melano-gabbro. The Plagiolherzolite and olivine melano-gabbro consist of large amounts of olivine and pyroxene, lesser amounts of plagioclase and sulfide minerals and small amounts of biotite, chromspinel, ilmenite and magnetite. The results suggest that: a/ There are two types of ilmenite, that were formed in two distinct stages: Early Mg-rich ilmenite was formed at intermediate magma chamber and latter Mn-rich ilmenite was formed at crystallized magma chamber; b/ Original magma of Suoi Cun plagiolherzolite and melano gabbroid was derived from sub-continental lithospheric mantle; c/ magnetite was formed at latter stage by two processes: serpentinization and alteration of early sulfide minerals.
The aim of this work is to study the electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), examined in dynamics, as possible predictors of exacerbation of the disease. Material and methods. In dynamics, 23 patients with IBD (37.9 ± 4.3 years) were examined. The first examination was carried out in the stage of exacerbation, the second – after 6–12 months – in the stage of remission of IBD. Additionally, 36 patients with IBD in remission were examined to assess the predictive capabilities of erythrocyte parameters with subsequent monitoring of their condition for 6–12 months. The electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes were investigated by dielectrophoresis. Statistical processing was carried out using a system of machine learning methods – Random Forest, MATLAB (R2019a, MathWorks). Results and discussion. The parameters of erythrocytes, which are predictors of exacerbation of IBD, were revealed: an increase in the proportion of deformed cells ( p = 0.0001); altered nature of the erythrocyte surface ( p = 0.011); increased electrical conductivity of membranes ( p = 0.0019); reduced dipole moment ( p = 0.0015), the rate of directional movement of erythrocytes to the electrodes ( p = 0.005) (paired and unpaired Volcano plot methods), reduced deformation amplitude at a frequency of 5×10 5 Hz ( p = 0.009), capacity of erythrocyte membranes (p = 0.029 ) (unpaired Volcano plot method). Indicators associated with changes in the charge of cells, the structure of erythrocyte membranes and the level of energy metabolism of the cell turned out to be significant. A high diagnostic accuracy of these indicators was established as predictors: the proportion of deformed cells (AUC 0.939), a summarized viscosity index (AUC 0.932). Cluster analysis of the values of erythrocyte parameters – predictors of exacerbation made it possible to stratify the risk of exacerbation: at the most altered levels of parameters – the development of exacerbation after 2.5–4.5 months, intermediate levels – after 4–6 months, minimally changed – after 8–12 months (predictive accuracy – 92 %). Conclusions. The revealed electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes should be considered as promising predictors of exacerbation in patients with IBD.
We first prove the following: Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be closed, oriented, [Formula: see text]-dimensional [Formula: see text]-connected, simple submanifolds of [Formula: see text]. Then [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are isotopic if and only if a Seifert matrix associated with a simple Seifert hypersurface for [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-equivalent to that for [Formula: see text]. We also discuss the [Formula: see text] case.

This result implies one of our main results: Let [Formula: see text]. A 1-link [Formula: see text] is pass-equivalent to a 1-link [Formula: see text] if and only if [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-pass-equivalent to [Formula: see text]. Here, [Formula: see text] means the knot product of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] means [Formula: see text]. See the body of the paper for the definition of knot products.

It also implies the other main results: We strengthen the authors’ old result that two-fold cyclic suspension commutes with the performance of the twist move for spherical [Formula: see text]-knots. See the body for the precise statement. Furthermore, it implies the following: Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be a closed oriented [Formula: see text]-submanifold of [Formula: see text]. Then [Formula: see text] is a Brieskorn submanifold if and only if [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text]-connected, simple and has a [Formula: see text]-Seifert matrix associated with a simple Seifert hypersurface that is [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-equivalent to a [Formula: see text]-type (see the body of the paper for a definition). We also discuss the [Formula: see text] case.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a terminal, age-related neurological syndrome exhibiting progressive cognitive and memory decline, however AD patients in addition exhibit ancillary neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) and these include aggression.

In this communication we provide recent evidence for the mis-regulation of a small family of genes expressed in the human hippocampus that appear to be significantly involved in expression patterns common to both AD and aggression. DNA array- and mRNA transcriptome-based gene expression analysis and candidate gene association and/or genome-wide association studies (CGAS, GWAS) of aggressive attributes in humans have revealed a surprisingly small subset of six brain genes that are also strongly associated with altered gene expression patterns in AD. These genes encoded on five different chromosomes (chr) include the androgen receptor (AR; chrXq12), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF; chr11p14.1), catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT; chr22q11.21), neuronal specific nitric oxide synthase (NOS1; chr12q24.22), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH chr9q34.2) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH1, chr11p15.1 and TPH2, chr12q21.1).

Interestingly, (i) the expression of three of these six genes (COMT, DBH, NOS1) are highly variable; (ii) three of these six genes (COMT, DBH, TPH1) are involved in DA or serotonin metabolism, biosynthesis and/or neurotransmission; and (iii) five of these six genes (AR, BDNF, COMT, DBH, NOS1) have been implicated in the development, onset and/or propagation of schizophrenia. The magnitude of the expression of genes implicated in aggressive behavior appears to be more pronounced in the later stages of AD when compared to MCI. These recent genetic data further indicate that the extent of cognitive impairment may have some bearing on the degree of aggression which accompanies the AD phenotype.
The work considers geochemical aspects of the natural and man-made system for storing radioactive waste (RW) from one of the Siberian enterprises of the fuel and nuclear cycle.

Careful geochemical testing of key sites of the system allows us to identify geochemical barriers that prevent the spread of uranium outside the sludge storage. In addition, experiments were conducted on the leaching of the sludge material in the laboratory using modern methods for determining the composition of solutions and solid phases, as well as experiments on uranium sorption on the main types of subsoil.

Experimental and thermodynamic modeling of uranium deposition processes confirms that the system studied satisfactorily copes with the absorption of uranium taken out of the sludge storage due to dilution and sorption on rocks and bottom sediments. Particularly favorable are bottom sediments rich in organic matter, which bind uranium to organic-mineral complexes.
The article presents a comparison of the Agent-Based Multiregional Input–Output Model (ABMIOM) of the Russian economy and a small-size version of the Optimization Multiregional Input-Output Model (OMIOM) from the perspective of their possible integration for spatial economic research. These models share many similar features, technically and conceptually. The two models regard the economy as a complex system of interdependent components; both have the same spatial and sectoral structure, similar production technologies. Both allow to perform a structural analysis of processes taking place in the economy in terms of industries and territories.

The former is a simulation model, the latter is a linear optimization model; their major differences relate to the methods of modeling the market and price mechanisms and of representing the space.

We propose to use a spatial input-output model based on the real data as the source of disaggregated information at the stage of initialization of agent-based models, which opens opportunities of gradual turning them into an experimentation area for the real economy, rather than an instrument for an analysis of an artificial economy.
Hyaluronan (HA), the major glycosaminoglycan of the interstitial matrix, is heterogeneously distributed within the kidney.

Using real-time RT-PCR, we tested the assumption that renal HA may be involved in the long-term effect of vasopressin on water reabsorption. The expression of the genes encoding hyaluronan synthase-2 (Has2), hyaluronidase-1 and hyaluronidase-2 (Hyal1 and Hyal2) was studied in the kidneys of Wistar Albino Glaxo (WAG) and homozygous vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats treated with the V2 receptor-selective vasopressin analogue dDAVP (100 μg (kg body wt)(-1), i.p., twice a day for 2 days).

It is suggested that vasopressin is able to inhibit the synthesis of HA and concomitantly promote its degradation in the interstitium of the renal papilla, thereby facilitating water flow between elements of the renal countercurrent system. The implications for this effect are discussed in the context of the data in the literature.
The successful transfer of parahydrogen-induced polarization to 15N spins using heterogeneous catalysts in aqueous solutions was demonstrated.

Hydrogenation of a synthesized unsaturated 15N-labeled precursor (neurine) with parahydrogen (p-H2) over Rh/TiO2 heterogeneous catalysts yielded a hyperpolarized structural analog of choline. As a result, 15N polarization enhancements of over two orders of magnitude were achieved for the 15N-ethyl trimethyl ammonium ion product in deuterated water at elevated temperatures. Enhanced 15N NMR spectra were successfully acquired at 9.4 T and 0.05 T.

Importantly, long hyperpolarization lifetimes were observed at 9.4 T, with a 15N T1 of ~6 min for the product molecules, and the T1 of the deuterated form exceeded 8 min. Taken together, these results show that this approach for generating hyperpolarized species with extended lifetimes in aqueous, biologically compatible solutions is promising for various biomedical applications.
Three-spine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is a well-known model organism that is routinely used to explore microevolution processes and speciation, and the number of studies related to this fish has been growing recently. The main reason for the increased interest is the processes of freshwater adaptation taking place in natural populations of this species. Freshwater three-spined stickleback populations form when marine water three-spined sticklebacks fish start spending their entire lifecycle in freshwater lakes and streams. To boot, these freshwater populations acquire novel biological traits during their adaptation to a freshwater environment. The processes taking place in these populations are of great interest to evolutionary biologists.

Here, we present differential gene expression profiling in G. aculeatus gills, which was performed in marine and freshwater populations of sticklebacks.

In total, 2,982 differentially expressed genes between marine and freshwater populations were discovered. We assumed that differentially expressed genes were distributed not randomly along stickleback chromosomes and that they are regularly observed in the 'divergence islands' that are responsible for stickleback freshwater adaptation.
The human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) has the ability to evade the adaptive immune response due to high mutation rates. Soon after the discovery of HIV-1, it was originally proposed that neutralizing of antibodies to the virus occurs rarely or cannot be elicited at all. In the 1990s, there appeared reports that sera of select HIV-1-infected individuals contained antibodies capable of neutralizing different virus subtypes. Such antibodies were named broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). Since 2009, the development of new cell technologies has intensified research efforts directed at identifying new bNAbs with a neutralization potency of over 90% of primary HIV-1 isolates. These antibodies have unique characteristics which include high levels of somatic mutations and unusually long variable loops that penetrate through the glycan shield of HIV-1 Env to contact the protein surface. In this review, we will attempt to summarize the latest data on bNAbs against HIV-1 in terms of their interactions with the sites of vulnerability on HIV-1 glycoproteins.