Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
We report on a numerical study of the vortex structure modifications and drag reduction in a flow over a rotationally oscillating circular cylinder at a high subcritical Reynolds number, $Re=1.4\times 10^{5}$ . Considered are eight forcing frequencies $f=f_{e}/f_{0}=0.5$ , $1$ , $1.5$ , $2$ , $2.5$ , $3$ , $4$ , $5$ and three forcing amplitudes $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}=\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}_{e}D/2U_{\infty }=1$ , $2$ , $3$ , non-dimensionalized with $f_{0}$ , which is the natural vortex-shedding frequency without forcing, $U_{\infty }$ the free-stream velocity, $D$ the diameter of the cylinder. In order to perform a parametric study of a large number of cases ( $24$ in total) with affordable computational resources, the three-dimensional unsteady computations were performed using a wall-integrated (WIN) second-moment (Reynolds-stress) Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) turbulence closure, verified and validated by a dynamic large-eddy simulations (LES) for selected cases ( $f=2.5$ , $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}=2$ and $f=4$ , $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}=2$ ), as well as by the earlier LES and experiments of the flow over a stagnant cylinder at the same $Re$ number described in Palkin et al. ( Flow Turbul. Combust. , vol. 97 (4), 2016, pp. 1017–1046). The drag reduction was detected at frequencies equal to and larger than $f=2.5$ , while no reduction was observed for the cylinder subjected to oscillations with the natural frequency, even with very different values of the rotation amplitude. The maximum reduction of the drag coefficient is 88 % for the highest tested frequency $f=5$ and amplitude $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}=2$ . However, a significant reduction of 78 % appears with the increase of $f$ already for $f=2.5$ and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FA}=2$ . Such a dramatic reduction in the drag coefficient is the consequence of restructuring of the vortex-shedding topology and a markedly different pressure field featured by a shrinking of the low pressure region behind the cylinder, all dictated by the rotary oscillation. Despite the need to expend energy to force cylinder oscillations, the considered drag reduction mechanism seems a feasible practical option for drag control in some applications for $Re>10^{4}$ , since the calculated power expenditure for cylinder oscillation under realistic scenarios is several times smaller than the power saved by the drag reduction.
The paper represents a study concerning the combustion of liquid hydrocarbon fuel in a perspective burner device with the controlled forced supply of overheated steam into the combustion zone, using diesel fuel.

The thermal imaging measurements are conducted for the outer flame of the burner device in the wide range of regime parameters (flow rate and temperature of steam). A thermal imaging camera (FLIR, JADE J530SB) is used in the experiments.

The effective emissivity coefficient of flame is obtained versus the flow rate of steam supplied. The steam parameters are found to influence on the temperature in the outer flame of the burner device.
One of the most interesting findings in Systems biology is the discovery of negative correlation between gene expression levels and evolutionary rates of genes. Biological explanations of this correlation are still debated. Recently the hypothesis of Drummond and Wilke became increasingly popular. The hypothesis suggests that errors of translation with subsequent misfolding of proteins are the universal factor limiting the rate of protein evolution because this misfolding causes premature cell death. The mitochondrial somatic mutations are the promising tool to examine this hypothesis: damaging mutations in a gene cannot cause the complete lack of the corresponding protein product because animal mitochondria contain many copies of chromosomes (5–15 copies per mitochondria) in somatic tissues. We analyzed somatic mutations in the mitochondrial cytb gene from hippocampus of Wistar rats. We did not find any indication of purifying selection in the cytb gene. Absence of selection does not support the Drummond-Wilke hypothesis which postulates strong purifying selection eliminating errors that cause protein misfolding. This result questions applicability of the Drummond-Wilke hypothesis to mitochodrial proteins.
The effect of concentration of the metallic component – platinum (0.1-2 wt.%) – and its electronic state in Pt/WO3/ZrO2 catalysts on characteristics of n-heptane isomerization was studied.

It was found that a rise in the platinum concentration to 1.5 wt.% increases the yield of the target products of n-heptane isomerization – high-octane di- and trimethyl-substituted isomers (DTMS).

Calcination of the catalyst in flowing air was shown to facilitate the formation of charged platinum, the presence of which enhances the catalyst activity.
A review of the literature on the use of thermal power plants (TPPs) in the production of asphalt concrete was conducted. The advantages and disadvantages of asphalt concrete coatings are analyzed. According to experts, the reason lies in the violation of construction technology. And, in principle, the topics of ensuring compliance with construction standards and legislative regulation are among the most relevant in the construction of roads in Kazakhstan.The features of the use of asphalt-resin-paraffin waste from oil fields and ash of the Kyzylorda thermal power plant as part of asphalt concrete in road construction are considered. The construction of the pavement with the use of asphalt concrete based on the composite binder system "Bitumen - asphalt concrete-tar-paraffin waste (ARPW) - TPP ash" has been developed. Due to the stratification of the concrete mixture, the cement milk will be separated from the coarse aggregate, so the upper layer, which experiences the main loads and impacts from the wheels of cars, turned out to be without the main coarse aggregate. This subsequently led to its rapid wear and the formation of a rut. Cement concrete coating with all the positive aspects described below and obvious, and here, too, there are disadvantages of these types of coating, it is not the inability to open traffic immediately after the completion of construction and the need for expansion joints. The author reveals not only the advantages of asphalt concrete coatings, but also the disadvantage of asphalt mixtures in practical use in highways.
Представлен прямой численный метод решения обратной коэффициентной задачи для эллиптического уравнения с кусочно-постоянными коэффициентами.Предполагается, что точки разрыва коэффициентов известны.

Алгоритм основан на теории спектральных задач линейной алгебры и применении конечно-разностных методов решения эллиптических уравнений.

В качестве дополнительной информации используются значения
The paper deals with the experimental study of the gas (nitrogen) driven rivulet flow regimes of water outflowing from the nozzle with a width of 10 mm into minichannel with the height of 1.6±0.02 mm and a width of 30 mm.

The authors revealed a new flow regime – namely 'rivulet bridge' whose occurrence is attributed to the influence of relatively large static wetting angle of water on the flow regimes.

The paper presents a map of the various rivulet flow regimes characterized by different surface geometry and types of surface deformations.
The evolution of thin liquid films sheared by a co-current gas flow in a vertical cylindrical channel with an internal diameter of 11.7 mm was studied

using a high-speed implementation of the laser-induced fluorescence method. The main purpose of the work was to study the characteristics of the waves during the transition from the gravitational to the shear flow regime

The effect of gas velocity, liquid Reynolds number, and liquid viscosity on wave characteristics has been studied
Reaction between [Fe2(μ-S2)(CO)6] and [Ca(thf)4(dpp-BIAN)] [dpp-BIAN = 1,2-bis-(2,6-diisopropyl-phenyl-imino)-acenaphthene and thf = tetra-hydro-furan] proceeds as a redox process via a two-electron reduction of [Fe2(μ-S2)(CO)6] and a two-electron oxidation of (dpp-BIAN)(2-), resulting in the formation of the title heterometallic trinuclear cluster, [CaFe2(μ3-S)2(C4H8O)4(CO)6], and neutral dpp-BIAN. In the cluster, the Ca(II) atom is connected to two S atoms of an Fe2S2 core [Ca-S = 2.7463 (8) and 2.7523 (8) Å]. No Fe-Ca bonds are formed [Fe⋯Ca = 3.6708 (6) and 3.5802 (6) Å]. There are five close C-H⋯O-C contacts in the crystal structure.
One of the main tasks of experimental gas dynamics is to study the mechanisms of formation and evolution of fluctuations of flow parameters that arise when flowing around the studied bodies. The processing of the experimental data in this case is reduced to the extraction of the component from total signal due to the influence of the process under study. As a rule, pulsation processes are of non-stationary nature, and for the most effective analysis of such phenomena it is necessary to use special methods of time-frequency analysis.

One such method proposed by N. Huang et al. is Hilbert-Huang transformation. This transformation recently finds more and more applications for the analysis of various processes. Hilbert-Huang transform consists of two main stages: an empirical mode decomposition and Hilbert transform. As a result of the decomposition, the signal is represented as a finite sum of so-called intrinsic mode functions. These modes are essentially a basis and unique for each signal. To each of the intrinsic modes, the Hilbert transform can be applied, with the result of which any can compute amplitudes and frequencies of these modes for each instant of time.

Possibilities and features of empirical mode decomposition procedure and of the overall method are demonstrated. As an examples results of decomposition of the experimental signal of a thermoanemometer are considered. These signals are obtained in various flows characterized by a high level and a significant instability of flow fluctuations.
Results from thermochronological studies have multiple applications to various problems in tectonics and landform evolution. However, up to now a lack of thermochronological data from the northeastern Fennoscandian Shield has complicated the interpretation of tectonothermal evolution of the region. Here, we use both new and previously published multimineral 40 Ar/ 39 Ar data (amphibole, mica, and feldspar) on the various Precambrian magmatic and metamorphic complexes to reconstruct the thermal history of NE Fennoscandia within the Kola Peninsula area in the interval 1900–360 Ma. Using the apatite fission track method as well as a numerical model of the heating‐cooling process of northeastern Fennoscandia's upper crust, we have reconstructed its thermal evolution for the interval 360–0 Ma. According to our model, since Lapland‐Kola orogenesis (1930–1905 Ma) northeastern Fennoscandia experienced a quasi‐monotonous cooling with the average rate of ~0.15 °C/Myr, which is equal to an exhumation rate of ~1–2 m/Myr. New apatite fission track data and time‐temperature modeling reveal a “hidden” endogenous thermal event in the NE Fennoscandia that took place between 360 and 300 Ma. This we attribute to an elevated geothermal gradient due to Baltica's drift over the African large low shear‐wave velocity province in the lowest mantle and/or thermal blanketing by insulating Devonian‐Carboniferous sedimentary/volcanic cover. Our model is further supported by evidence of Late Devonian‐Carboniferous rifting in the East and South‐Western Barents Basin, as well as various 360–300 Ma magmatic events within SW Fennoscandia and the Baltic countries.
Human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease APE1 is one of the key enzymes of the base excision DNA repair system.
We study asymptotic behavior of the distribution of the sojourn time of a random walk over growing level.We assume here regular variation of the right tail distribution of summands and existence of the second moment.Some two-sided asymptotic bounds for the sojourn time distribution are established.
The program RECON has been designed for constructing profiles of nucleosome potential, characterizing the probability of nucleosome formation along DNA sequences. The program used for recognition of nucleosome formation sites in genomic DNA sequences. It was developed using discriminant analysis based on a genetic algorithm method utilizing statistics for dinucleotide location within local regions of nucleosome formation sites. The program RECON is available at http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/mgs/programs/recon/.
This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the heat transfer during flow boiling of refrigerant R236fa in a horizontal microchannel heat sink. The experiments were performed using closed loop that re-circulates coolant. Microchannel heat exchanger that contains two microchannels with 2x0.4 mm cross-section was used as the test section. The dependence of average heat flux on wall superheat and critical heat flux were measured in the range of mass fluxes from 600 to 1600 kg/m 2 s and in the range of heat fluxes from 5 to 120 W/cm 2 . For heat flux greater than 60 W/cm 2 , nucleate boiling suppression has significant effect on the flow boiling heat transfer, and this leads to decrease of the heat transfer coefficient with heat flux grows.
The paper presents the results of numerical simulation and experimental studies of the generation of two ribbon beams in an accelerating diode with magnetic insulation at a diode voltage of ~ 0.7 MeV and a current of 10 kA in it. Model-ing is implemented using the Particle CST Studio package. The experiments were conducted on the U-3 accelerator of the ELMI installation. In calculations with three-dimensional geometry corresponding to the experiments, the distribu-tion of electron velocities over the pitch angle at the exit of the beams from the diode under the conditions of an inho-mogeneous magnetic field with an induction of about 1 T was obtained. These calculated data were confirmed in an experiment in which, using a sensor with seven recording channels, a distribution function of the velocity of electrons with a characteristic width at half maximum of 0.03 rad was obtained. Using the GEANT4 software package in processing measurement results with this sensor gives confidence in the correctness of the obtained distribution function.
Cytotoxic activity of T- and NK-cells can be efficiently retargeted against cancer cells using chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and rTCRs. In the context of solid cancers, use of armored CAR T- and NK cells secreting additional anti-cancer molecules such as cytokines, chemokines, antibodies, BiTEs, inverted cytokine receptors, and checkpoint inhibitors, appears particularly promising, as this may help overcome immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, attract bystander immune cells, and boost CAR T/NK-cell persistence. Placing the expression of such molecules under the transcriptional control downstream of CAR-mediated T/NK-cell activation offers the advantage of targeted delivery, high local concentration, and reduced toxicity. Several canonic DNA sequences that are known to function as activation-inducible promoters in human T and B cells have been described to date and typically encompass the multimers of NFkB and NFAT binding sites. However, relatively little is known about the DNA sequences that may function as activation-driven switches in the context of NK cells. We set out to compare the functionality of several activation-inducible promoters in primary human T cells, as well as in NK cell lines NK-92 and YT. Lentiviral constructs were engineered to express two fluorescent reporters: mCherry under 4xNFAT, 2xNFkB, 5xNFkB, 10xNFkB, 30xNFkB promoters, as well as two variants of the CD69 promoter, and copGFP under the strong constitutive promoter of the human EF1a gene. Pseudotyped lentiviral particles obtained using these constructs were transduced into primary human T cells and NK-92 and YT cell lines expressing a CAR specific for PSMA. The transgenic cells obtained were activated by CD3/CD28 beads (T cells) or via a CAR (CAR-NK cell lines). Promoter activity before and after activation was assayed using FACS analysis. In T cells, the CD69 promoter encompassing CNS1 and CNS2 regions displayed the highest signal/noise ratio. Intriguingly, in the context of CAR-YT cell line neither of the seven promoters tested displayed acceptable activation profile. In CAR-NK-92 cells, the largest fold activation (which was modest) was achieved with the 10xNFkB and 30xNFkB promoters, however its expression was clearly leaky in "resting" non-activated cells. Unlike in T cells, the robust activation-driven inducible expression of genetic cassettes in NK cells requires unbiased genome-wide identification of promoter sequences.
When studying air quality, a key parameter for assessment and forecast is information on emission sources. In applications, this information is not fully available and can be compensated by air quality monitoring data and inverse modelling algorithms. Because of the rapid development of satellite chemical monitoring systems, they are becoming more useful in air quality studies. Such systems provide measurements in the form of concentration field images. In this paper, we consider an inverse source problem and a corresponding data assimilation problem for a chemical transport model. The problem of assimilation of data given as images is considered as a sequence of linked inverse source problems. Each individual inverse problem solution is carried out by variational and Newton-Kantorovich type algorithms. In the numerical experiment presented, an emission source of a primary pollutant is reconstucted via the concetration field of a secondary pollutant. Both data assimilation and inverse problem solution algorithms are capable of approximating the unknown source.
The suppressed decay chain B(-)→DK(-), D→K(+)π(-), where D indicates a D(¯)(0) or D(0) state, provides important information on the CP-violating angle ϕ(3).

We measure the ratio R(DK) of the decay rates to the favored mode B(-)→DK(-), D→K(-)π(+)... The results are based on the full 772×10(6) BB(¯) pair data sample collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector.

R(DK)=[1.63(-0.41)(+0.44)(stat)(-0.13)(+0.07)(syst)]×10(-2), which indicates the first evidence of the signal with a significance of 4.1σ. We also measure the asymmetry A(DK) between the charge-conjugate decays to be A(DK)=-0.39(-0.28)(+0.26)(stat)(-0.03)(+0.04)(syst).
Since 2010, experimental studies on such transformation processes were carried out on the GOL-3 facility by measuring the radiation emitted from beam-plasma system. Then after 2014 the GOL-PET device is used for these studies.

The processes of plasma wave transformation into electromagnetic radiation during strong interaction of a relativistic electron beam with magnetized plasma are studied in BINP in collaboration with NSU. Results of these experiments on emission in the frequency interval 0.1-0.5 THz from a long plasma column due to E-beam injection are described in the presented paper.

The experimental results have been compared with theoretical ones obtained for EM-wave generation by the beam-plasma system.
Specialized quantitative MRI techniques allow identifying structural changes in individual muscles in inflammatory myopathies. Aim. To evaluate the role of T2 mapping MRI and to evaluate specific changes in T2 relaxation time in patients with inflammatory myopathies at different stages of the disease process. Methods. T2 mapping technique for assessing structural changes in muscle tissues was optimized for the Philips “Ingenia” 3.0T MR scanner. T2 relaxation (T2rt) time of the thigh and lower leg muscles (muscule rectus femoris, m. vastus lateralis, m. adductor magnus, m. soleus, m. tibialis anterior, medial and lateral head of m. gastrocnemius) was assessed in the control group (n = 9) and the study group (n = 6). Patients recruited in the study group suffered from dermatomyositis and polymyositis of various severity. Results. The following values of T2rt were obtained in the control group: m.rectus femoris – 78.2±6.9 ms, m.vastus lateralis – 79.5±4.8 ms, m.adductor magnus – 77.1±4.4 ms, m. soleus – 92.9±4.3 ms, m. tibialis anterior – 89.4±1.3 ms, m.gastrocnemius medial head – 93.7±2.4 ms, m.gastrocnemius lateral head – 92.9±3.5 ms. Patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis showed an increase in the signal intensity on STIR and PD-SPAIR in the structure of m.soleus, m. gastrocmenius, m.rectus femoris, as well as a significant increase in T2rt of 40–49% (p<0.01). T2rt values did not differ in patients with polymyositis who received drug therapy and had clinical remission. Patients with dermatomyositis who had laboratory remission along with the deterioration reported an increase in T2rt in the structure of long spine muscles, m. rectus femoris and m. vastus lateralis equal to 15–25% (p<0.05). However, none significant changes in the signal characteristics on STIR and PDSPAIR were reported. Conclusion. The sensitivity of the reported technique in the detection of sub-acute swelling of muscle tissue in the absence of significant changes in signal characteristics on routine MR sequences had been shown.
Parvoviruses such as parvovirus H-1 (H-1PV) may selectively infect and lysis cancer cells. The parvoviruses also induce an immune system to eliminate the tumor cells through the formation of anti-cancer immunity. One of the possible mechanisms of antitumor activity is associated with the direct induction of apoptosis by parvoviral proteins NS1 and 11 kDa. Parvovirus-based vectors are promising for gene therapy of oncological diseases and genetic disorders in humans. Parvoviruses were successfully used for the experimental treatment on animal models of human glioma, neuroblastomas, lymphomas, pancreatic carcinoma, carcinomas and breast tumors. ParvOryx is the first oncolytic preparation constructed on the base of H-1PV; its phase I/IIa clinical trials in patients with glioblastoma multiforme are in process.
Structures with tin-rich island arrays on silicon pedestals were obtained by molecular beam epitaxy using Sn as a catalyst for the growth of nanostructures. A tin island array was used further to study the growth of nanostructures in the process of Si deposition on the surface with Sn islands.

It was established that, during the growth on the vapor-liquid-crystal mechanism, tin-rich islands are formed on faceted pedestals. A nanostructured cellular surface was formed between the islands on pedestals. The analysis of the elemental composition of the obtained nanostructures was performed by the methods of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy.

It is shown that tin-rich islands can contain up to 90% tin, whereas the pedestal consists of silicon. The transmission electron microscopy data demonstrated a distinct crystal structure of tin-rich islands and silicon pedestals, as well as the absence of dislocations in the structures with island arrays on the faceted pedestals. The facet tilt angle is 19° and corresponds to the (311) plane. The photoluminescence signal was observed with a photoluminescence maximum near the wavelength of 1.55 μm.
Using a series of chromosome aberrations a heat shock (hs) inducible site of the Drosophila virilis heat shock puff 20CD has been cytologically localized in the distal 20C subdivision: the hs puff was not observable in chromosome 2 carrying the Df(2)ebTG-52 deficiency; the bands in the proximal 20D subdivision could not autonomously be activated by hs in aberrant chromosomes that have this deficiency or the In(2)ebPC-19 inversion.

An electron microscopy (EM) analysis of the successive stages of puff development in the 20CD and 20F regions shows that the 20CD puff is intially formed from the right part of the 20C6-7 band.

In the maximally developed puff, the neighboring bands of the 20C and 20D regions are only partially decondensed; they are seen as discrete compact chromatin clumps. Specific differences in the ultrastructural organization and in response to hs have been found between the D. virilis "unusual" 20CD and typical 20F hs puffs.