Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The article presents a clinical case of a 38-year-old patient with revealed polyps of the stomach body and iron deficiency anemia on the background of chronic atrophic gastritis.

On the example of this observation, variants of the course were demonstrated, including endoscopic and histological manifestations of autoimmune (atrophic corpus) gastritis (AIG). In parallel, the issues of diagnosis and management of patients with the most common polyps in the stomach are discussed.

The problem of timely diagnosis of AIG and the advantages of non-invasive methods for assessing the functional state of the stomach is also being actualized.
The aim of the pilot study of a group of adolescents with H. pylori infection was to study the preliminary data obtained on the rs602662 locus of the FUT2 gene and to establish its role in the realization of clinical manifestations of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer associated with H. pylori. Methods: The study included 91 patients. The study for the presence of the polymorphic locus rs602662 of the FUT2 gene was carried out by the standard TaqMan PCR method on a Real-Time CFX96 Touch amplifier. The duration of the study was 6 months. Results: The main group included 25 adolescents aged 16 to 17 years 11 months, the control group included 20 patients. Patients infected with H. pylori more often noticed symptoms of dyspepsia - in 36%, compared with the control group - 9.7%. The presence of a family history in the main group for associated diseases had a significant difference, χ2 = 4.97, p <0.05. To assess the contribution of the genotype of the rs602662 locus of the FUT2 gene to the risk of clinical manifestations in H. pylori infection, the main group was divided into subgroups. In the distribution of alleles in these groups, statistically significant differences were revealed. Allele “A” has a protective effect against the onset of clinical symptoms of dyspepsia. The odds ratio (OR) with the carriage of allele “A” (genotypes A / A and G / A versus G / G) to have clinical symptoms with a positive H. pylori status was 0.175 (CI = [0.049-0.625] chi2 = 7.79 p = 0.0053). Conclusion. As a result of the study, we were unable to identify a significant association of alleles and genotypes of the rs602662 locus of the FUT2 gene with clinical manifestations of H. pylori infection. At the same time, carriers of the A allele have a pronounced association with the absence of clinical symptoms in patients with a positive H. pylori infection status of 0.175 (C.I. = [0.049-0.625] chi2 = 7.79 p = 0.0053).
Etiology of complex disorders, such as cataract and neurodegenerative diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), remains poorly understood due to the paucity of animal models, fully replicating the human disease. Previously, two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with early cataract, AMD-like retinopathy, and some behavioral aberrations in senescence-accelerated OXYS rats were uncovered on chromosome 1 in a cross between OXYS and WAG rats. To confirm the findings, we generated interval-specific congenic strains, WAG/OXYS-1.1 and WAG/OXYS-1.2, carrying OXYS-derived loci of chromosome 1 in the WAG strain. Both congenic strains displayed early cataract and retinopathy but differed clinically from OXYS rats. Here we applied a high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) strategy to facilitate nomination of the candidate genes and functional pathways that may be responsible for these differences and can contribute to the development of the senescence-accelerated phenotype of OXYS rats. First, the size and map position of QTL-derived congenic segments were determined by comparative analysis of coding single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which were identified for OXYS, WAG, and congenic retinal RNAs after sequencing. The transferred locus was not what we expected in WAG/OXYS-1.1 rats. In rat retina, 15442 genes were expressed. Coherent sets of differentially expressed genes were identified when we compared RNA-Seq retinal profiles of 20-day-old WAG/OXYS-1.1, WAG/OXYS-1.2, and OXYS rats. The genes most different in the average expression level between the congenic strains included those generally associated with the Wnt, integrin, and TGF-β signaling pathways, widely involved in neurodegenerative processes. Several candidate genes (including Arhgap33, Cebpg, Gtf3c1, Snurf, Tnfaip3, Yme1l1, Cbs, Car9 and Fn1) were found to be either polymorphic in the congenic loci or differentially expressed between the strains. These genes may contribute to the development of cataract and retinopathy. This study is the first RNA-Seq analysis of the rat retinal transcriptome generated with 40 mln sequencing read depth. The integration of QTL and transcriptomic analyses in our study forms the basis of future research into the relationship between the candidate genes within the congenic regions and specific changes in the retinal transcriptome as possible causal mechanisms that underlie age-associated disorders.
КИТАЙСКИЙ ПРОЕКТ «ОДИН ПОЯС -ОДИН ПУТЬ» В КОНТЕКСТЕ ПАРАДИГМ ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ МАКРОСОЦИОЛОГИИ* Н. С. Розов (Новосибирск, Россия) Проблема и цель.Возможности и следствия заявленного Китаем проекта «Один поясодин путь» являются крайне неопределенными.Целесообразно рассмотреть проект через призму наиболее релевантных макросоциологических парадигм.Методология.Идея китайского проекта и сведения о начале его реализации сопоставляются с основными понятиями, моделями, схемами маскросоциологических парадигм, позволяющих выявлять вероятные направления динамики и потенциальные локусы напряжений
. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide due to the complicated etiology involving both genetic and environmental factors. BC was induced by N -Methyl- N -Nitrosourea administration intermammary in Wistar female. Studied frequency of development of NMU-induced BC, phenotype of BC cells, phenotype of MSC from mammary gland tissue, quantity and quality of immunocompetent cells, expression of miRNAs, hormone levels and cytokines were done for estimate sensitivity to chemotherapy. We showed that MNU-induced BC developed in 90%, immunohistochemical similar to human luminal A type of BC with higher proliferation activity. We estimated significantly increased count of BC-MSC with CD45+CD90-, and CD45+CD90+, and CD45-CD90+ phenotype in animal with MNU-induced BC. Chemotherapy caused changes in quality and quantity of immunocompetent cells, decrease of prolactin and luteinizing hormone levels, and some changes in expression of pro-oncogenic or tumor-suppressing miRNAs. In MNU-induced BC animal were observed increased serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In regional lymph nodes found increased count of macrophages and presence of tumor cells. Intermammary administration of NMU possessed to breast cancer development with similarities to human luminal B phenotype. This MNU-induced breast cancer may serve as a model to study efficiency of chemotherapy.
<p>The aim of the present study is to display the clinical and dermoscopic features of melanocytic nevi of more than 5 mm in diameter in psoriasis patients. A total of 32 patients with psoriasis (21 male, 11 female; average age 37.4) formed the first study group. In 22 patients (68.8%), melanocytic nevi of 5 mm in diameter and bigger (total of 68 nevi) were clinically found. For a randomized trial, 100 people (21 male, 79 female; average age 27.8) without psoriasis were invited to form the second study group. Only 37 of them had nevi ≥5 mm in diameter (total of 60 nevi). Complete questionnaire, full body photometric skin examination, dermoscopy examination on the dermatoscope HEINE MINI 10X with 70% ethyl alcohol immersion, skin type identification according to the Fitzpatrick classification, and nevi assessment according to ABCD and ABC rules were obtained for all recruited people. Our study showed that patients with psoriasis are more susceptible to melanocytic nevi of &gt;5 mm in diameter (68.8%), while the result for the second group was 37%. As for nevi of dysplastic criteria, we found 32% in psoriasis patients <em>vs</em>. 42% in the monitoring group. Moreover, we should bear in mind the influencing factors of skin phototype II and artificial insolation (<em>e.g.</em>, tanning, PUVA (Psoralen and ultraviolet A), and narrowband phototherapy 311 nm) obtained by the patients from the first group.</p>
Experimental results of investigation of the form and structure of the flow of ethanol and propylene glycol into a highly rarefied medium (vacuum) through a capillary are presented.

It is shown that when liquid flows vertically along gravity into a vacuum with a pressure of residual gases significantly less than the pressure of saturated vapors at the outlet temperature, the liquid jet, in contrast to the flow into a dense gas medium, is statistically unstable, subject to bending deformations and explosive spray.

the liquid jet, in contrast to the flow into a dense gas medium, is statistically unstable, subject to bending deformations and explosive spray.
We consider some implications of the mass defect on the frequency of atomic transitions.

We have found that some well-known frequency shifts (such as gravitational and quadratic Doppler shifts) can be interpreted as consequences of the mass defect, i.e., without the need for the concept of time dilation used in special and general relativity theories.

Moreover, we show that the inclusion of the mass defect leads to previously unknown shifts for clocks based on trapped ions.
The possibilities and limitations of linear compression of positively chirped pulses in the negative-dispersion region of a step-index large mode-area single-mode optical fibre are investigated for the first time.

Analytical formulae for critical values of radiation power are found, below which pedestal-free pulse compression is possible down to the Fourier limit. It is demonstrated that at radiation powers exceeding these critical values, there exists an optimal compressing fibre length, over which laser pulses reach the minimum of the time-bandwidth product, and beyond which irreversible pulse deformation occurs.

The modelling results agree well with the experimental data.
A method based on optical heterodyning is proposed for measuring relative optical phases of pulses circulating in a synthetic photonic lattices. The knowledge of the phases can be further used for qualitative reconstruction of an eigenmode excitation spectrum in the synthetic photonic lattice.
АННОТАЦИЯОтмечается неуклонный рост количества пациентов, имеющих очаговые образования печени, Гемангиомы и кисты являются самыми частыми находками среди них.Нами обследован 61 пациент с очаговыми образованиями печени, большинство поражений протекают бессимптомно, что снижает вероятность их обнаружения на раннем этапе и не имеют специфических лабораторных отклонений, что затрудняет дифференциальную диагностику выявленных образований.Опираясь на результаты исследования
The experiments have been carried out to study dynamics of liquid droplets, blown by the gas flow in a mini-channel.

The shadow method was the main method of measurement. The advancing and receding contact angles were measured depending on the gas flow rate. The friction force was determined using the advancing and receding contact angles and droplet size. A motion of a droplet was also observed from the top.

The mean velocity at which the droplet motion over the substrate starts was determined depending on the surface temperature at different droplet volumes. The local velocity and acceleration of droplet were calculated.
A central part of crystal structure prediction is to assess the relative stabilities of proposed structures.This is normally done by calculation of crystal energies or enthalpies (H).However it is well known that differences in entropies (S) can be sufficiently large to alter the order of stability of polymorphs with temperature (T), as expressed by the Gibbs equation G = H -TS. Indeed, in spite of recent success in prediction of crystal structures, polymorphs remain elusive [1].

We demonstrate how differences in solid state entropies of polymorphic compounds can be obtained by analysis of the anisotropic displacement parameters derived from X-ray or neutron diffraction experiments [2][3][4].

This approach paves the way for understanding how molecular vibrations contribute to the stabilities of crystals.The results may thus provide guidance for the development of computational approaches to entropy estimation.We provide examples where the approach has been applied to the polymorphs of pyrazinamide, paracetamol [5], famotidine [6] and the epimeric xylitol and ribitol crystals [4,7], compare the experimental results to periodic DFT calculations [8,9] and discuss the merits and limitations of the approach as a tool for crystal structure prediction and crystal engineering.
It is required an ultra-high vacuum (near 1E-11 Torr in the beam absence mode) in the synchrotron source of 4th generation SFR "SKIF". Owing to the vacuum chambers have small molecular conductivity and the space limitation for pumps location, compact combined pumps application is required, i.e. pump on the base of non-evaporable getter and sputter ion pump. The modern pumps NEXTorr (SAES Getters, Italy) are not implemented the all of requirements on argon and methane for SFR "SKIF". Therefore, it is necessary to create similar combined pumps by Russian manufacture. The first theoretical pumping speed calculations for one cell of diode type sputter ion pump and the whole of sputter ion pump are presented here. Also experimental results of pumping speed measurements depending on the magnetic field, diameter and length of cell for sputter ion pump are given.
Background Leaf rust ( Puccinia triticina Eriks.) is one of the most dangerous diseases of common wheat worldwide.

Three approaches: genome-wide association study (GWAS), marker-assisted selection (MAS) and phytopathological evaluation in field, were used for assessment of the genetic diversity of Russian spring wheat varieties on leaf rust resistance loci and for identification of associated molecular markers. Results The collection, consisting of 100 Russian varieties of spring wheat, was evaluated over three seasons for resistance to the native population of leaf rust specific to the West Siberian region of Russia. The results indicated that most cultivars showed high susceptibility to P. triticina, with severity ratings (SR) of 60S–90S, however some cultivars showed a high level of leaf rust resistance (SR < 20MR-R). Based on the results of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) performed using the wheat 15 K genotyping array, 20 SNPs located on chromosomes 6D, 6A, 6B, 5A, 1B, 2A, 2B and 7A were revealed to be associated with leaf rust resistance. Genotyping with markers developed for known leaf rust resistance genes showed that most of the varieties contain genes Lr1 , Lr3a , Lr9, Lr10 , Lr17a , Lr20, Lr26 and Lr34 , which are not currently effective against the pathogen. In the genome of three wheat varieties, gene Lr6Ai = 2 inherited from Th. intermedium was detected, which provides complete protection against the rust pathogen. It has been suggested that the QTL mapped to the chromosome 5AS of wheat cultivar Tulaikovskaya-zolotistaya, Tulaikovskaya-10, Samsar, and Volgouralskaya may be a new, previously undescribed locus conferring resistance to leaf rust. Obtained results also indicate that chromosome 1BL of the varieties Sonata, Otrada-Sibiri, Tertsiya, Omskaya-23, Tulaikovskaya-1, Obskaya-14, and Sirena may contain an unknown locus that provides a resistance response to local population.

Conclusions This study provides new insights into the genetic basis of resistance to leaf rust in Russian spring wheat varieties. The SNPs significantly associated with leaf rust resistance can be used for the development and application of diagnostic markers in marker-assisted selection schemes.
In this paper, a hypothesis that the cosmological gravitational potential can be measured with the use of high- precision atomic clocks is proposed and substantiated. The consideration is made with the use of a quasi-classical description of the gravitational shift that lies in the frame of nonmetric theories of gravity. It is assumed that the cosmological potential is formed by all matter of the Universe (including dark matter and dark energy) and that it is spatially uniform on planet scales. It is obvious that the cosmological potential, ΦCP, is several orders of magnitude greater than Earth's gravitational potential φE (where |φE/c2|∼10−9on Earth's surface). In our method, the tick rates of identical atomic clocks are compared at two points with different gravitational potentials, i.e. at different heights. In this case, the information on ΦCP is contained in the cosmological correction α≠0 in the relationship Δω/ω=(1+α)Δφ/c2between the relative change of the frequencies Δω/ω (in atomic clocks) and the difference of the gravitational potential Δφ at the measurement points. We have estimated the low limit of cosmological correction, α>10-6. It is shown that using a modern atomic clock of the optical range it is possible to measure the value of α in earth-based experiments if |α|>10-5. The obtained results, in the case of their experimental confirmation, will open up new unique opportunities for the study of the Universe and the testing of various cosmological models. These results will also increase the measurement accuracy in relativistic geodesy, chronometric gravimetry, global navigation systems, and global networks of atomic clocks.
Oxidation process of bituminous coal, anthracite, and coke obtained after pyrolytic treatment of the corresponding fuels (bituminous coal and anthracite) modified with activating additives in the form of Cu(NO3)2 and Fe(NO3)2 in the amount of 5 wt% was studied.

Application of the additives was carried out by incipient wetness impregnation method with preliminary dissolution of the additive in a water-alcohol solution with a volume ratio of C2H5OH/H2O=50/50. Additionally modified samples were subjected to thermal treatment at a temperature corresponding to the decomposition of the considered metal nitrates (about 220 °C) to ensure close contact between additives (metal oxides) and carbon materials. Oxidation process was performed by thermogravimetric analysis at a heating rate of 10 °C/min in the temperature range 45-1000 °C at atmospheric pressure. Mass spectrometric analysis was used to determine the qualitative composition of the gas-phase oxidation products.

It has been established that application of activating additives in the form of metal oxides and their precursors helps to reduce the initial temperature of intense oxidation (Δt i = 15-80 °C) and to shift the process to the low-temperature region as a whole. Decrease in the initial temperature of intense oxidation contributed to a decrease in the intensity of NOx release in the region of high temperature oxidation of the carbon residue.
An interaction of the moving submerged circular cylinder with elastic solid ice cover is investigated.

The method of reduction to integral-differential system of equations is extended to the case of elastic ice sheet floating on the fluid surface. The elastic properties of the ice are accounted for by the Euler's beam theory. A special iterative procedure is developed to construct small-time asymptotic solution for the cylinder moving with constant acceleration from rest.

Elastic-gravity waves in the ice cover are studied in a wide range of parameters.
Exosomes are 40–100 nm nanovesicles participating in intercellular communication and transferring various bioactive proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, and lipids. During pregnancy, the placenta releases exosomes into the maternal circulation. Placental exosomes are detected in the maternal blood even in the first trimester of pregnancy and their numbers increase significantly by the end of pregnancy.

Isolation of placental exosomes from the blood of pregnant women and the study of protein, lipid, and nucleic composition. This review describes the biogenesis of exosomes, methods of their isolation, analyzes their biochemical composition.

Exosomes are necessary for the normal functioning of the placenta and fetal development. Effects of exosomes on target cells depend not only on their concentration but also on their intrinsic components. The biochemical composition of the placental exosomes may cause various complications of pregnancy. Some studies relate the changes in the composition of nanovesicles to placental dysfunction. Considers the prospects for using exosomes to diagnose pregnancy pathologies.
Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, ICGi040-A, was obtained from skin fibroblasts derived from a male patient with mosaic ring small supernumerary marker chromosome 4 (sSMS(4)) and infertility. ICGi040-A cells have karyotype 47,XY,+r(4) in 97% of cells and express a set of pluripotent markers, as well as are able to differentiate in vitro into derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers.
The high adaptive potential of modern wheat to a wide range of environmental conditions is determined by genetic changes during domestication. Genetic diversity in VRN1 genes is a key contributor to this adaptability. Previously, the association between the transitions C->T within the fourth and seventh exons of VRN-A1, the distinguishing pair haplotypes Ex4C/Ex4T and Ex7C/Ex7T, and the modulation of such agronomically valuable traits as the vernalization requirement duration, frost tolerance and flowering time of wheat have been shown. However, this polymorphism was analyzed in only a few cultivars of Triticum aestivum L., and not in other wheat species.

In the present study, VRN-A1 exon 4 and exon 7 were investigated in six tetraploid and five hexaploid wheat species carrying different VRN-A1 alleles. An allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was optimized to identify the VRN-A1 exon 7 haplotypes.

It was found that polymorphism of the VRN-A1 exon 7 originated in wild tetraploid wheat of Triticum dicoccoides Körn, while the mutant exon 4 of this gene originated later in domesticated hexaploid wheat of T. aestivum. Both these polymorphisms are found in all hexaploid wheat species. Analysis of the VRN-A1 exon 4 and exon 7 haplotype combinations found that intact exon 7 and mutant exon 4 are associated with analogous types of exon 4 and 7, respectively. With the exclusion of the Vrn-A1c (IL369) and Vrn-A1j alleles, identified only in hexaploid wheat, all dominant VRN-A1 alleles carry intact exons 4 and 7 (Ex4C/7C haplotype). The Ex4C/4T/7T haplotype was detected in numerous accessions of hexaploid wheat and is associated with the presence of multiple copies of VRN-A1. Overall, modern domesticated hexaploid wheat T. aestivum includes most possible combinations of the VRN-A1 exon 4 and exon 7 haplotypes among polyploid wheat, which are present in different proportions. This contributes to the high adaptive potential to a broad range of environmental conditions and facilitates the widespread distribution of this species throughout the world.
The article tells about the Accelerator Physics Chair of the Physics Department of the Novosibirsk State University, based at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS.
Evolution and heating of the universe in R2-modified gravity are considered.

It is shown that the universe's history can be separated into four different epochs: (1) inflation, (2) heating due to curvature oscillations (scalaron decay), (3) transition to matter dominated period, and (4) conventional cosmology governed by General Relativity. Cosmological density of dark matter (DM) particles for different decay channels of the scalaron is calculated.

The bounds on the masses of DM particles are derived for the following dominant decay modes: to minimally coupled scalars, to massive fermions, and to gauge bosons.