Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The paper presents first U–Pb zircon ages and geochemical data from Carboniferous granitoids (tonalites and plagiogranites) of the Char suture–shear zone in East Kazakhstan, which is located in the north-western Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The study included analysis of geological setting, major and trace elements, and rock petrogenesis. The Char tonalites and plagiogranites occur as NW-striking linear chains inside Visean serpentinite mélange. Petrographycally, the tonalites show signs of syntectonic deformation, and the plagiogranites are less deformed suggesting their later intrusion. The tonalites yielded a LA-ICP-MS zircon age of ca. 323 Ma, i.e. exactly at the boundary between the early and late Carboniferous. Compositionally, the tonalites and plagiogranites are characterized, respectively, by high SiO2 (67–70 and 73–74 wt.%) and Al2O3 (17–19 and 14–15 wt.%), Sr/Y > 40 and low Yb = 0.2–0.5 ppm. Their multi-element patterns show clear Nb-Ta negative anomalies. The low Nb/Ta ratios (7–15) and Zr (114–191 ppm) suggest a MORB-type protolith (amphibolite) with subchondritic Nb/Ta (8–17) and low Zr (1–72 ppm). The low contents of K and Rb suggest weak assimilation of the melts by island arc felsic crust. The subchondritic Nb/Ta ratios exclude their derivation by the melting of subducted/dehydrated MORB. We argue that the Char high-Al tonalites and plagiogranites formed by the melting of hydrated MORB at the base of the mafic lower crust at pressures of 10–15 kbar. The occurrences of the Char tonalites and plagiogranites inside the Visean serpentinite mélange overlapped by Serpukhovian conglomerates, their alignment parallel to deformation zones, and their geochemical features suggest their origin by the melting of mafic lower crust in relation to the collision of the Siberian and Kazakhstan continents.
Highlights . A population-based study of a representative sample of Siberian adolescents revealed for the first time quantitative changes in memory and attention patterns associated with smoking, depending on gender. At the time of the survey of adolescents, the average number of mistakes made in the test with memorization of 10 words was higher in comparison with non-smokers. Background . The literature data on the association of cognitive impairment with smoking status, which is a conventional risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, in adolescence in an open population remains controversial. Aim . To examine the effect of smoking on certain cognitive functions indicators in adolescents in the open population of the Novosibirsk region. Methods . Cognitive functions were studied in 549 adolescents (231 boys (42.1%) and 318 girls (57.9%), mean age - 15.66±0.9 years). The smoking questionnaire in this group was completed by 332 participants. Cognitive functions were assessed using a proofreading test, a Luria test with memorization of 10 words, and a concept exclusion test. Smoking was assessed based on a questionnaire survey. An adolescent, who smoked at least 1 cigarette per week was considered a regular smoker. Descriptive statistics methods and analysis of contingency tables were performed in the statistical package “R” for Windows. Results . Among adolescents who smoked at the time of the examination (n = 67), the average number of mistakes in the test with memorization of 10 words was higher (2.21±1.04 words), compared with 1.88±1.05 words in the non-smoking group (n = 265). At the same time, there were no statistically significant differences in this cognitive indicator between male smokers and nonsmokers, while differences between female smokers and nonsmokers remained. Conclusion . In adolescents who smoke, direct memorization of the presented stimulus material is predominantly affected. This is due to the worst assimilation of educational materials by adolescent smokers.
Regeneration-capable flatworms are informative research models to study the mechanisms of stem cell regulation, regeneration, and tissue patterning. The free-living flatworm Macrostomum lignano is currently the only flatworm where stable transgenesis is available, and as such it offers a powerful experimental platform to address questions that were previously difficult to answer. The published transgenesis approach relies on random integration of DNA constructs into the genome. Despite its efficiency, there is room and need for further improvement and diversification of transgenesis methods in M. lignano. Transposon-mediated transgenesis is an alternative approach, enabling easy mapping of the integration sites and the possibility of insertional mutagenesis studies. Here, we report for the first time that transposon-mediated transgenesis using piggyBac can be performed in M. lignano to create stable transgenic lines with single-copy transgene insertions.
For any given graph G, consider the graph Ĝ which is a cone over G. We study two important invariants of such a cone, namely, the complexity (the number of spanning trees) and the Jacobian of the graph. We prove that complexity of graph Ĝ coincides with the number of rooted spanning forests in G and the Jacobian of Ĝ is isomorphic to the cokernel of the operator I + L(G), where L(G) is the Laplacian of G and I is the identity matrix. As a consequence, one can calculate the complexity of Ĝ as det(I + L(G)). As an application, we establish general structural theorems for the Jacobian of Ĝ in the case when G is a circulant graph or cobordism of two circulant graphs.
Two-phase Cryogenic Avalanche Detectors (CRADs) with THGEM multipliers, optically read out with Geiger-mode APDs (GAPDs), were proposed as potential technique for charge recording in rare-event experiments.

In this work we report on the degradation of the GAPD performance at cryogenic temperatures revealed in the course of the study of two-phase CRAD in Ar, with combined THGEM/GAPD-matrix multiplier; the GAPDs recorded secondary scintillation photons from the THGEM holes in the Near Infrared. The degradation effect, namely the loss of the GAPD pulse amplitude, depended on the incident X-ray photon flux. The critical counting rate of photoelectrons produced at the 4.4 mm2 GAPD, degrading its performance at 87 K, was estimated as 10000 per second.

This effect was shown to result from the considerable increase of the pixel quenching resistor of this CPTA-made GAPD type. Though not affecting low-rate rare-event experiments, the observed effect may impose some limitations on the performance of CRADs with GAPD-based optical readout at higher-rate applications.
It is well known that infinite head to tail chains built of zwitterions linked to each other by N-H...O hydrogen bonds are common structural motifs in crystals of amino acids. These chains coincide with directions of the smallest compressibility of a crystal structure on cooling and increasing pressure and can even remain after structural phase transitions. However one should take into account the dual nature of these chains. From the one hand zwitterions of amino acids are linked by N-H...O hydrogen bonds formed from the head, amino group, and the tail, carboxylate group. From the other hand besides hydrogen bonding there is electrostatic interactions which occur between positively charged amino group and negatively charged carboxylate group.

Being guided by an idea to distinguish electrostatic contribution from the charge assisted N-H...O hydrogen bonds and to understand their role in the crystal structure distortion on increasing pressure, two crystal structures of N-methyl derivatives of the simplest amino acid glycine are considered as a case study. N-methylglycine or sarcosine has two donors for hydrogen bonding and so forms two infinite head to tail chains in the structure whereas N,N,N-trimethylglycine or betaine has no hydrogen bonds at all, but its zwitterions are lined up resembling head to tail chains.

The effect of increasing hydrostatic pressure is different for two crystals. The structure of betaine compresses anisotropically, but sarcosine undergoes a phase transition accompanying crystal fragmentation and changes in N-H...O hydrogen bonds. The phase transition is kinetically controlled and strongly depends on the rate of variation of pressure. Of special interest is distortion of head to tail chains on increasing pressure comparing with those observed in polymorphic modifications of glycine.
Purpose. The Ust’-Kova site is one of the most famous Upper Paleolithic multi-layered sites of the Northern Angara region in which ivory artifacts were found. The postulate that works of art could play a decisive role in highlighting local differences in the Upper Paleolithic of Eurasia remains a topical one. This figure of the mammoth is a rare case of a zoomorphic Paleolithic image in general and a unique image of this animal in a Siberian archaic tradition, in comparison with the known images found in Europe and on the Russian Plain. Restoration work on this unique figure of the mammoth opened up new possibilities for a comprehensive microscopic study related to the technology of manufacturing art figures and the analysis of paints on their surface. Results. To determine the elemental composition of paint on the surface of the figure, we used the scanning electron microscopy method and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. This allowed us to study the microstructure of the paint, determine the elemental composition of the pigment in the sample and its quantitative indices. We distinguished black paint with domination of manganese, iron and magnesium and red paint with the dominance of chlorine, phosphorus, alum inosilicates, iron, manganese. In the latter case, we definitely identify an artificial pigment, as indicated by a wide range of additives. Conclusion. As a result of experimental and technological research, we established that the process of making the figure occurred in several stages. On every stage we reveal peculiarities of using the tools. High efficiency of the manufacturer's work is evident due to using the minimum of the tool kit, only a planning knife and a pair of cutters. Small details of the figure remained unworked. They are unlikely to be a consequence of the personal abilities of the work of the ancient master. The master did not use such tools as a carver or a simple drill. This can be considered a characteristic detail of the process of manufacturing. Relative primitiveness of the item is probably due to the scantiness of the toolkit and the relatively low level of technology development during the period studied. In general, the figurative art of the Ust’-Kova site is characterized by geometrized stylization, primitive surface treatment, lack of detail and ornamentation, which gives it a peculiar individuality.
A new general formula for the number of conjugacy classes of subgroups of given index in a finitely generated group is obtained.
We report the first evidence for the ${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{b}(2S)$ using the ${h}_{b}(2P)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{b}(2S)\ensuremath{\gamma}$ transition and the first observation of the ${h}_{b}(1P)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{b}(1S)\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and ${h}_{b}(2P)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{b}(1S)\ensuremath{\gamma}$ transitions. The mass and width of the ${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{b}(1S)$ and ${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{b}(2S)$ are measured to be ${m}_{{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{b}(1S)}=(9402.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.8)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/{c}^{2}$, ${m}_{{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{b}(2S)}=(9999.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{3.5}_{\ensuremath{-}1.9}^{+2.8})\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/{c}^{2}$, and ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{b}(1S)}=({10.8}_{\ensuremath{-}3.7\ensuremath{-}2.0}^{+4.0+4.5})\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}$. We also update the ${h}_{b}(1P)$ and ${h}_{b}(2P)$ mass measurements. We use a $133.4\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ data sample collected at energies near the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(5S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider.
This paper discusses the chronology of burial grounds containing specific Seima-Turbino type bronze weaponry (spears, knives, and celts). The “transcultural” Seima-Turbino phenomenon relates to a wide distribution of specific objects found within the sites of different Bronze Age cultures in Eurasia, not immediately related to each other. The majority of the Seima-Turbino objects represent occasional findings, and they are rarely recovered from burial grounds. Here, we present a new set of 14 C dates from cemeteries in western Siberia, including the key Asian site Rostovka, with the largest number of graves containing Seima-Turbino objects. Currently, the presented database is the most extensive for the Seima-Turbino complexes. The resulting radiocarbon ( 14 C) chronology for the western Siberian sites (22nd–20th centuries cal BC) is older than the existing chronology based on typological analysis (16th–15th centuries BC) and some earlier 14 C dates for the Seima-Turbino sites in eastern Europe. Another important aspect of this work is 14 C dating of complexes within specific bronze objects—daggers with figured handles—which some researchers have related to the Seima-Turbino type objects. These items are mostly represented by occasional finds in Central Asia, however, in western Siberia these have been recovered from burials, too. The 14 C dating attributes these daggers to the end of the 3rd millennium cal BC, suggesting their similar timing to the Seima-Turbino objects. Further research into freshwater reservoir offsets in the region is essential for a more reliable reconstruction of the chronology of the Seima-Turbino phenomenon and the daggers with figured handles.
[VNb12O40]15− polytopic ligand can coordinate to up to five {(C6H6)Ru}2+ groups.

Combined analytical separation tools together with 1H DOSY NMR were firstly applied to the solution studies of polyoxoniobate based complexes.
Adenovirus vectors are the most frequently used agents for gene therapy, including oncolytic therapy and vaccine development. It's hard to overestimate the value of adenoviruses during the COVID-19 pandemic as to date four out of four approved viral vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are developed on adenovirus platform. The vast majority of adenoviral vectors are based on the most studied human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-C5), however, its immunogenicity often hampers the clinical translation of HAdV-C5 vectors.

The search of less seroprevalent adenovirus types led to another species C adenovirus, Adenovirus type 6 (HAdV-C6). HAdV-C6 possesses high oncolytic efficacy against multiple cancer types and remarkable ability to induce the immune response towards carrying antigens. Being genetically very close to HAdV-C5, HAdV-C6 differs from HAdV-C5 in structure of the most abundant capsid protein, hexon. This leads to the ability of HAdV-C6 to evade the uptake by Kupffer cells as well as to distinct opsonization by immunoglobulins and other blood proteins, influencing the overall biodistribution of HAdV-C6 after systemic administration.

This review describes the structural features of HAdV-C6, its interaction with liver cells and blood factors, summarizes the previous experiences using HAdV-C6, and provides the rationale behind the use of HAdV-C6 for vaccine and anticancer drugs developments.
High thermal load applications such as high speed dry cutting lead to high temperatures in the coated tool substrate that can soften the tool and high temperature gradients that can put stress on the coating/tool interface. In this work, theoretical considerations are presented for multilayer and graded protective coatings that can induce a significant anisotropy in their thermal conductivity. Solution of the heat equation shows that anisotropy of thermal conductivity has the potential to reduce temperatures and temperature gradients arising due to brief, localized heat at the coating surface (“hot-spots”). Experimental realization of high anisotropy is demonstrated in TiN/AlCrN multilayer coatings with variable layer thickness. In the coating with 50 nm bilayer periodicity, the highest anisotropy was obtained with a value of κ||/κ⊥=3.0±0.9. Time-domain thermoreflectance is used to measure in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivity of fabricated coatings. The observed high values of anisotropy of thermal conductivity are compared with theoretical predictions and its realisation is discussed with regard to the coating microstructure.
The first IACT as part of the gamma and cosmic-ray experiment TAIGA was installed in the Tunka Valley near Lake Baikal in fall 2016. In the following months different systems of the telescope were put into test operation. We started the commissioning phase of operating the telescope in time coincidence with the wide angle integrating air Cherenkov HiSCORE array, which for the time being comprises 28 working stations. We anticipate that the hybrid operation of the non-imaging and imaging telescopes will lead to a cost-efficient, highly sensitive detector operating in the energy range from 30-50 TeV till several PeV. Here we want to report on the first test results of operating the prototype hybrid array. We will focus on the analysis of count rates and image size spectra for all events detected by the IACT and the joint events detected also by the HiSCORE array, comparing these with expectations from MC simulations.
The resonant substructure of B0s→¯D0K−π+ decays is studied with the Dalitz plot analysis technique. The study is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1 of pp collision data recorded by LHCb. A structure at m(¯D0K−)≈2.86 GeV/c2 is found to be an admixture of spin-1 and spin-3 resonances. The masses and widths of these states and of the D∗s2(2573)− meson are measured, as are the complex amplitudes and fit fractions for all the ¯D0K− and K−π+ components included in the amplitude model. In addition, the D∗s2(2573)− resonance is confirmed to be spin 2.8 MoreReceived 30 July 2014DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.90.072003This article is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.© 2014 CERN, for the LHCb Collaboration
an experimental investigation of the local structure of a bubbly upward flow in an annular channel was carried out by means of a combination of PIV/PFBI/PTV techniques. PIV was applied to measure velocity distributions and turbulent characteristics in the continuous phase, PFBI approach was applied to visualize bubbles in the flow and evaluate their positions and sizes and the simplest PTV method was employed to determine the bubble velocities. The flow was studied at the Reynolds number of 12,500 and different void fractions β = 0, 1 and 2%.

The mean air bubble diameter was estimated to be about 0.8 mm for all β. Bubble concentration was observed to increase near the channel walls. Rising velocity of the gas bubbles was measured in various locations across the annulus duct and it was found that it is substantially higher for the bubbles moving in the central part of the channel. An increase of the void fraction resulted in redistribution of the mean velocity in the flow cross-section and intensification of the turbulent fluctuations up to three times for β= 2%.
The article discusses the problems of identification of human dignity in constitutional and philosophical legal discourse, examines the sociobiological nature and essence of dignity in modern constitutionalism and international jurisprudence; the origin and use of "dignitas" in the Roman legal tradition; the development of ideas about human dignity in the Renaissance and their impact on legal doctrines and modern practice of constitutional justice. The work assesses the prospects for the elevation of human dignity in modern jurisprudence from the perspective of philosophical and meta-legal analysis. The article substantiates why the word "dignity" occupies a central position in the contemporary ethical and legal debate. The aim of the article is to define the meaning and role of legal polymorphism in creating various legal forms of human dignity; the role of dialogue between European and Russian constitutionalism on the issue of dignity; the impact of contemporary cultural diversity on the secularization and universalization of human dignity. The scientific canons for discussion of the category "human dignity" are expanding through the application of the concepts of iterativeity, polymorphism, divergence, expressive theory of law in matters of interaction of human rights, democratic constitutionalism, national and international legal order, various forms of human activity, involving the use of the potential of human rights in their sectoral and socio-political specifics.
Let S = S1, ..., Sm be a system of contracting similarities of ℝ2. The attractor K(S) of the system S is a non-empty compact set satisfying K = S1(K) ∪ ... ∪ Sm(K).

We consider contractible polygonal systems S which are defined by a finite family of polygons whose intersection graph is a tree and therefore the attractor K(S) is a dendrite.

We find conditions under which a deformation S′ of a contractible polygonal system S has the same intersection graph and therefore the attractor K(S′) is a self-similar dendrite which is isomorphic to the attractor K of the system S.
MOTIVATION: Chromatin structure plays the crucial role in proper gene functioning. Therefore, it is very important to investigate nucleosomal DNA properties and recognize genome nucleosome positioning sequences. Nevertheless, applying different sequence analysis methods separately is insufficient for complete nucleosomal DNA description. One of the most probable reasons for that is the weakness of nucleosome positioning signals. The present paper offers a set of methods to reveal the most important nucleosomal DNA characteristics and to show a common pattern of nucleosome site properties. RESULTS: A complex approach was used to determine conformational and physicochemical properties that are most significant for nucleosome binding site description. The integrated database of nucleosomal DNA properties is compiled. This database comprises different sections for description of DNA characteristics. Revealing significant DNA characteristics allows the classification of various samples of site sequences and the generation of programs for site recognition. AVAILABILITY: The current version of the database is available at http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc. ru/system/BDNAvideo/. C-code of the recognition program may be found in the section FEATURE. WWW-available programs for testing arbitrary sequences are accessible at http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc. ru/Programs/bDNA/NA_bDNA.htm/. The links to the mirror site(s) can be found at http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/mgs/links/mirrors.html+ ++.
The CMD-3 detector started data taking at the electron-positron collider VEPP-2000 [1] in December 2010.

The collected data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 87 pb −1 in the c.m. energy range from 1.06 up to 2 GeV and 91 pb −1 from 0.32 to 1.06 GeV. The integrated luminosity was measured by counting e + e − → e + e − and e + e − → γγ events, allowing additional photons in the final state.

Preliminary results of the luminosity measurement are presented for various energy ranges and its accuracy is estimated to be 1%.