Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The prevalence of comorbid diseases poses a major health issue for millions of people worldwide and an enormous socio-economic burden for society. The molecular mechanisms for the development of comorbidities need to be investigated.

For this purpose, a workflow system was developed to aggregate data on biomedical entities from heterogeneous data sources. The process of integrating and merging all data sources of the workflow system was implemented as a semi-automatic pipeline that provides the import, fusion, and analysis of the highly connected biomedical data in a Neo4j database GenCoNet. As a starting point, data on the common comorbid diseases essential hypertension and bronchial asthma was integrated.

GenCoNet (https://genconet.kalis-amts.de) is a curated database that provides a better understanding of hereditary bases of comorbidities.
The basic conservation laws in the Green–Nagdi model of shallow-water theory are derived from the two-dimensional integral conservation laws of mass and the total momentum describing the plane-parallel flow in an ideal incompressible fluid above a horizontal bottom. This conclusion is based on the concept of a local hydrostatic approximation, which generalizes the concept of the long-wavelength approximation and is used for analyzing the applicability of the Green–Nagdi equations in modeling the wave flows with undular bores.
The three precision measurements of the cross section σ ( e + e − → π + π − γ(γ)) using initial state radiation by the KLOE collaboration provide an important input for the prediction of the hadronic contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. These measurements are correlated for both statistical and systematic uncertainties and, therefore, the simultaneous use of these measurements requires covariance matrices that fully describe the correlations.

We present the construction of these covariance matrices and use them to determine a combined KLOE measurement for σ ( e + e − → π + π − γ(γ)).

We find, from this combination, a two-pion contribution to the muon magnetic anomaly in the energy range 0 . 10 < s < 0 . 95 GeV 2 of a μ π + π − = (489.8 ± 1.7 stat ± 4.8 sys ) × 10 − 10 . Data vectors and covariance matrices are available at http://www.lnf.infn.it/kloe/ppg/ ppg_2017/ppg_2017.html .
The variation in structure and function of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) participating in organisms development is a key for understanding species-specific evolutionary strategies. Even the tiniest modification of developmental GRN might result in a substantial change of a complex morphogenetic pattern. Great variety of trichomes and their accessibility makes them a useful model for studying the molecular processes of cell fate determination, cell cycle control and cellular morphogenesis. Nowadays, a large number of genes regulating the morphogenesis of A. thaliana trichomes are described.

Here we aimed at a study the evolution of the GRN defining the trichome formation, and evaluation its importance in other developmental processes. In study of the evolution of trichomes formation GRN we combined classical phylogenetic analysis with information on the GRN topology and composition in major plants taxa. This approach allowed us to estimate both times of evolutionary emergence of the GRN components which are mainly proteins, and the relative rate of their molecular evolution. Various simplifications of protein structure (based on the position of amino acid residues in protein globula, secondary structure type, and structural disorder) allowed us to demonstrate the evolutionary associations between changes in protein globules and speciations/duplications events.

We discussed their potential involvement in protein-protein interactions and GRN function. We hypothesize that the divergence and/or the specialization of the trichome-forming GRN is linked to the emergence of plant taxa. Information about the structural targets of the protein evolution in the GRN may predict switching points in gene networks functioning in course of evolution. We also propose a list of candidate genes responsible for the development of trichomes in a wide range of plant species.
The multicolor-banding (mcb) technique is a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-banding approach, which is based on region-specific microdissection libraries producing changing fluorescence intensity ratios along the chromosomes. The latter are used to assign different pseudocolors to specific chromosomal regions. Here we present the first three available mcb-probe sets for the Mus musculus chromosomes 3, 6, and 18. In the present work, the creation of the microdissection libraries was done for the first time on mouse/human somatic cell hybrids. During creation of the mcb-probes, the latter enabled an unambiguous identification of the, otherwise in GTG-banding, hardly distinguishable murine chromosomes.
AWAKE is a proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration experiment.

We show that the experimental setup briefly described here is ready for systematic study of the seeded self-modulation of the 400 GeV proton bunch in the 10 m-long rubidium plasma with density adjustable from 1 to 10×10^14 cm^-3. We show that the short laser pulse used for ionization of the rubidium vapor propagates all the way along the column, suggesting full ionization of the vapor.

We show that ionization occurs along the proton bunch, at the laser time and that the plasma that follows affects the proton bunch.
The slotted nozzle can be an alternative to Laval nozzle. It is a channel closed on one side by a hemispherical or semi-cylindrical surface with holes. The gas in the prechamber with high pressure flows through the holes. The supersonic mode of outflow from the channel is in practical interest. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the physics-mathematical models used for numerical investigation of supersonic outflow from the semi-closed channels.
In the review have been classified literature data concerning modern instrumental, microscopic and molecular (metabolomics, proteomics, genetics and epigenetics) approaches for early breast cancer diagnostics.

The analytical performance and perspectives of their application in clinical practice also have been evaluated.
Generation of terahertz radiation in the magnetized plasma column due to the two-stream instability developing in the relativistic electron beam (REB) with a current of 10 kA is studied at the GOL-PET facility. In the first series of the experiments, at the regular transverse plasma density gradients, power of the generated terahertz radiation increased thirty times. At a frequency of the upper-hybrid oscillations (0.2–0.3 THz) and pulse duration of few microseconds, it reached 4 MWs. In the next experiments, when the additional longitudinal density gradients were created in plasma, the radiation power exceeded 10 MWs. These results are described in this paper.
The sequence of oocyte maturation in the fetal ovary of the house shrew, Suncus murinus is analyzed by means of light and electron microscopy of surface-spread silver-stained preparations. The progression of cells is relatively synchronous. Meiotic prophase starts at day 20 of gestation. The peak of pachytene cells occurs on day 23. On day 24 diplotene cells are abundant. They are characterized by premature desynapsis and separation of axial elements of some bivalents. The meotic prophase is completed on day 26, when the majority of oocytes reach the dictyotene stage.
Evaporation of a heated sessile water drop was studied experimentally at a temperature difference between the substrate and surrounding atmosphere from 30 to 60°C. The studies were performed on the substrates with micro- and nanocoatings with different wettability. The features of evaporation were studied for the pinned, partially pinned and depinned contact line (solid-liquid-gas interface). It is found that during the evaporation process the specific evaporation rate (mass loss per unit of the drop surface area) increases, particularly at the last stage of the drop lifetime.
Проанализированы факторы, ассоциированные с неалкогольным стеатогепатозом/стеатогепатитом у пациентов с язвенным колитом (ЯК) и болезнью Крона (БК).

Выявлена высокая частота неалкогольного стеатогепатоза/стеатогепатита у пациентов с воспалительными заболеваниями кишечника (ВЗК).

У пациентов с ВЗК неалкогольный стеатогепатоз был ассоциирован с возрастом и наличием метаболических факторов риска, а также высокой активностью заболевания.У пациентов с БК наблюдалась ассоциация неалкогольного стеатогепатоза с наличием внекишечных проявлений основного заболевания.У пациентов с БК без метаболических факторов риска неалкогольный стеатогепатоз был ассоциирован с частотой госпитализаций.Наличие вируса Эпштейна
B chromosomes (Bs) represent a variable addition to the main karyotype in some lineages of animals and plants. Bs accumulate through non-Mendelian inheritance and become widespread in populations. Despite the presence of multiple genes, most Bs lack specific phenotypic effects, although their influence on host genome epigenetic status and gene expression are recorded. Previously, using sequencing of isolated Bs of ruminants and rodents, we demonstrated that Bs originate as segmental duplications of specific genomic regions, and subsequently experience pseudogenization and repeat accumulation. Here, we used a similar approach to characterize Bs of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes L.) and the Chinese raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides Gray). We confirm the previous findings of the KIT gene on Bs of both species, but demostrate an independent origin of Bs in these species, with two reused regions. Comparison of gene ensembles in Bs of canids, ruminants, and rodents once again indicates enrichment with cell-cycle genes, development-related genes, and genes functioning in the neuron synapse. The presence of B-chromosomal copies of genes involved in cell-cycle regulation and tissue differentiation may indicate importance of these genes for B chromosome establishment.
The article deals with the problem of integration of corporate social activities of mining enterprises in the regions of the Far North. A tool for assessing the long-term prospects of the company's activities in the context of environmental and social significance for local communities has been developed. In addition, the problems of regions and single-industry towns, which are highly dependent on the development of the driver company, are considered.
Background The Hi-C technique is widely employed to study the 3-dimensional chromatin architecture and to assemble genomes. The conventional in situ Hi-C protocol employs restriction enzymes to digest chromatin, which results in nonuniform genomic coverage. Using sequence-agnostic restriction enzymes, such as DNAse I, could help to overcome this limitation.

Results In this study, we compare different DNAse Hi-C protocols and identify the critical steps that significantly affect the efficiency of the protocol. In particular, we show that the SDS quenching strategy strongly affects subsequent chromatin digestion. The presence of biotinylated oligonucleotide adapters may lead to ligase reaction by-products, which can be avoided by rational design of the adapter sequences. Moreover, the use of nucleotide-exchange enzymes for biotin fill-in enables simultaneous labelling and repair of DNA ends, similar to the conventional Hi-C protocol. These improvements simplify the protocol, making it less expensive and time-consuming.

Conclusions We propose a new robust protocol for the preparation of DNAse Hi-C libraries from cultured human cells and blood samples supplemented with experimental controls and computational tools for the evaluation of library quality.
Terahertz (THz) surface plasmons (SPs) can be effectively used in THz communication lines, information processing devices, spectroscopic measurements of submicron dielectric layers, and metal surface quality control. Such applications necessitate implementation of various optical schemes, including splitting of THz SPs on the guiding surface. This work is the first experimental demonstration of the fact that a polyimide kapton film of submillimetre thickness can effectively split THz SPs. Measurements of the transmission and reflection coefficients of SPs on gold-ZnS layer plane structures using monochromatic radiation of the Novosibirsk free-electron laser (λ = 130 μm) have shown good accordance with theoretical calculations.
The binding of [3H]SCH 23390 has been studied in various brain regions of male mice with the experience of repeated victory (winners) or defeat (losers) gained over 10 (T10) and 20 (T20) days of daily agonistic confrontations. In the frontal cortex, Bmax of [3H]SCH 23390 binding sites was found to be increased in T10 losers and decreased in T20 losers when compared to the control mice. In the striatum, T10 and T20 winners had reduced values of [3H]SCH 23390 binding sites than the ones in the control mice. The Kd was increased in the frontal cortex of T10 losers and T10 winners as well as in the amygdala of T20 losers. Reduced Kd values were found in the striatum of all experimental groups as well as in the amygdala of T20 winners. Thus, both specific changes relating to social behavior patterns and non-specific ones in [3H]SCH 23390 binding were found in the brain regions of mice after 10 and 20 days of intermale confrontations.
We study a turbulent jet generated by a fluidic oscillator using Large-eddy simulations in a range of Reynolds numbers Re d = 3000−30000.

The device represents Φ-shaped configuration providing a strongly unsteady flow due to periodic oscillations based on the Coanda effect.

Several simulation results are presented for a mesh convergence study, the analysis of the time-averaged statistics as well as the oscillation frequency against Re d .
Super-continuum generation in non-linear optical fibres pumped with ultra-short light pulses (within femtosecond to nanosecond range) is usually accompanied by decay of the pumping pulse into several (or a plurality) of super-continuum pulses with different energies. In time domain this corresponds to a super-continuum pulse train where intervals between pulses are of the same order as the pulse duration or longer. When pumped with nanosecond pulses the super-continuum pulses retain their integrity at nanosecond scale, that's why in this case super-continuum pulses can be characterised by such parameters as pulse energy, duration, etc. Recent progress in development of high-energy nanosecond mode-locked fibre master oscillators with ultra-long resonators enables creation, on the basis of such lasers, of all-fibre super-continuum generators with relatively high pulse energies. In the present paper for the first time the results of investigations into such super-continuum generator with 40-muJ pulse energy are reported.
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disease, which characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord and further striated muscle atrophy. The research of the processes in diseased neurons is complicated due to the impossibility of obtaining them safely from patients. Thus, we generated SMA type III induced pluripotent stem cell lines via using non-integrated episomal plasmid vectors. The resulting cell line expresses the major pluripotency markers and can differentiate in vitro into derivatives of three germ layers. The iPSC line can be used for further studies by providing in vitro the relevant cell types.
Ballas diamond is a rare form of the polycrystalline radial aggregate of diamonds with diverse internal structures. The morphological features of ballas diamonds have experienced repeated revision. The need that this paper presents for development of a crystal-genetic classification was determined by a rich variety of combined and transitional forms of ballas-like diamonds, which include aggregates, crystals, and intergrowths.

The new crystal-genetic classification combines already-known and new morphological types of ballas as well as ballas-like diamonds discovered in the placers of Yakutia, the Urals, and Brazil. The ballas-like diamond forms include spherocrystals, aggregates with a single crystal core, split crystals, radial multiple twin intergrowths, and globular crystals. The crystal genetic scheme of the evolution of ballas and ballas-like diamonds is a sequence of the morphological types arranged in accordance with the conventional model of the dependence of the mechanism and diamond growth from carbon supersaturation developed by I. Sunagawa. The evolution of the growth forms of ballas and ballas-like diamonds was tracked based on the macrozonal structure of diamonds varying from a flat-faced octahedron to a fibrous cuboid with its transition forms to the radiating crystal aggregates.

The morphological diversity of the ballas-like diamonds depends on the level of supersaturation, and abrupt changes of the level of supersaturation engender abrupt changes in a mechanism of crystal growth. The change in the rate of growth under the influence of adsorption and absorption of the mechanic impurities accompanied the sudden appearance of the autodeformation defects in the form of splitting and multiple radial twinning of crystals. The spherical shape of Yakutia ballas-like diamonds is due to the volumetric dissolution that results in the curved-face crystals of the 'Urals' or 'Brazilian' type associated with ballas diamonds in placers.
The project of the Super Charm-Tau (SCT) factory – a high-luminosity electron-positron collider forstudying charmed hadrons and tau lepton – is proposed by Budker INP. The project implies singlecollision point equipped with a universal particle detector. The Aurora software framework has beendeveloped for the SCT detector. It is based on trusted and widely used in high energy physics softwarepackages, such as Gaudi, Geant4, and ROOT. At the same time, new ideas and developments areemployed, in particular the Aurora project benefits a lot from the turnkey software for future colliders(Key4HEP) initiative. This paper describes the first release of the Aurora framework, summarizes itscore technologies, structure and roadmap for the near future. From the hardware point of view theBudker INP general computing facility (BINP/GCF) providing the required computational and storageresources is described.
The paper deals with general issues of organizing access to electronic documents in the framework of scientific and educational activities. Large volumes of already existing information, its continuous growth, the heterogeneous nature of storage and distribution, the lack of a unified way of working with it create many difficulties when using it. Awareness of these difficulties, qualitative changes in the field of information technology and telecommunications have led to the need to solve the problem of finding new approaches to the creation of repositories of information resources, their structure, and the development of tools necessary for users. Currently, such approaches are called “digital” or “electronic” libraries. According to the preliminary concept, an intelligent scientific and educational Internet resource will be an information system accessible via the Internet, providing systematization and integration of scientific knowledge, data, and information resources into a single information space, meaningful and effective access to them, as well as support for their use in solving various scientific and educational tasks. Another problem of the organization of effective information support for scientific and educational activities is that, due to its diversity and multidimensional nature, scientific and educational information resources are dispersed on remote pages of many sites and in distributed electronic libraries and archives. To solve this problem, it is necessary to solve the problem of bringing such resources related to one area of knowledge into a single information space, and also, no less important, to support their logical integrity. Without solving these two related tasks, it is impossible to solve the main task – to provide all participants of scientific and educational activities with meaningful access to integrated information resources and means of their analysis. The support of information systems in the field of scientific and educational activities is relevant, since the need for information always exists. In order to satisfy this need, it is necessary to organize access to various resources.
Experimental simulation of rhodochrosite-involving decarbonation reactions resulting in the formation of spessartine and CO2-fluid was performed in a wide range of pressures (P) and temperatures (T) corresponding to a hot subduction P-T path.

Experiments were carried out using a multi-anvil high-pressure apparatus of a 'split-sphere' type (BARS) in an MnCO3–SiO2–Al2O3 system (3.0–7.5 GPa, 850–1250 °C and 40–100 h.) with a specially designed high-pressure hematite buffered cell. It was experimentally demonstrated that decarbonation in the MnCO3–SiO2–Al2O3 system occurred at 870 ± 20 °C (3.0 GPa), 1070 ± 20 °C (6.3 GPa), and 1170 ± 20 °C (7.5 GPa). Main Raman spectroscopic modes of the synthesized spessartine were 349–350 (R), 552(υ2), and 906–907 (υ1) cm−1. As evidenced by mass spectrometry (IRMS) analysis, the fluid composition corresponded to pure CO2.

It has been experimentally shown that rhodochrosite consumption to form spessartine + CO2 can occur at conditions close to those of a hot subduction P-T path but are 300–350 °C lower than pyrope + CO2 formation parameters at constant pressures. We suppose that the presence of rhodocrosite in the subducting slab, even as solid solution with Mg,Ca-carbonates, would result in a decrease of the decarbonation temperatures. Rhodochrosite decarbonation is an important reaction to explain the relationship between Mn-rich garnets and diamonds with subduction/crustal isotopic signature.
A search for new particles decaying into a pair of top quarks is performed using proton-proton collision data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $36.1\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. Events consistent with top-quark pair production and the fully hadronic decay mode of the top quarks are selected by requiring multiple high transverse momentum jets including those containing $b$-hadrons. Two analysis techniques, exploiting dedicated top-quark pair reconstruction in different kinematic regimes, are used to optimize the search sensitivity to new hypothetical particles over a wide mass range. The invariant mass distribution of the two reconstructed top-quark candidates is examined for resonant production of new particles with various spins and decay widths. No significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction is observed and limits are set on the production cross-section times branching fraction for new hypothetical ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ bosons, dark-matter mediators, Kaluza-Klein gravitons and Kaluza-Klein gluons. By comparing with the predicted production cross sections, the ${Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ boson in the topcolor-assisted-technicolor model is excluded for masses up to 3.1--3.6 TeV, the dark-matter mediators in a simplified framework are excluded in the mass ranges from 0.8 to 0.9 TeV and from 2.0 to 2.2 TeV, and the Kaluza-Klein gluon is excluded for masses up to 3.4 TeV, depending on the decay widths of the particles.