Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The Worldwide LHC Computing Grid (WLCG) is an innovative distributed environment which is deployed through the use of grid computing technologiesin order to provide computing and storage resources to the LHC experimentsfor data processing and physics analysis. Following increasing demands of LHC computing needs toward high luminosity era, the experiments are engagdin an ambitious program to extend the capability of WLCG distributed environment, for instance including opportunistically used resources such as High-Performance Computers (HPCs), cloud platforms and volunteer computer. norder to be effectively used by the LHC experiments, all these diverse distributed resources should be described in detail. This implies easy service discovery of shared physical resources, detailed description of service configurations and experiment-specific data structures is needed. In this contribution, we present a high-level information component of a distributed computing environment, the Computing Resource Information Catalogue (CRIC) which aims to facilitate distributed computing operations for the LHC experiments and consolidate WLCG topology information. In addition, CRIC performs data validation and provides coherent view and topology descriptinto the LHC VOs for service discovery and configuration. CRIC represents teevolution of ATLAS Grid Information System (AGIS) into the common experiment independent high-level information framework. CRIC’s mission is to serve not just ATLAS Collaboration needs for the description of the distributed environment but any other virtual organization relying on large scale distributed infrastructure as well as the WLCG on the global scope. The contribution describes CRIC architecture, implementation of data model,collectors, user interfaces, advanced authentication and access control components of the system.
Atopic diseases remain one of the most common childhood diseases. At the beginning of life, atopic dermatitis (AD) occurs, and only then bronchial asthma (BA). This staged development of sensitization and transformation of clinical manifestations is called the atopic march. Are the genetic factors of predisposition to AD the same for BA? There is still no definite answer to this question. Mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) are known to impair skin barrier function. Filaggrin is expressed not only in the skin, but also in the respiratory organs of the nasal mucosa, lungs, and bronchi. Filaggrin defects lead not only to disruption of the skin barrier, but also to an increase in the Th2 response and increased production of IgE, typical of bronchial asthma. Therefore, mutations in the FLG gene can be a risk factor for the development of not only AD, but also BA. The aim of this study was to compare the values of the association of mutations in the FLG gene with AD and BA in the Russian sample. Material and methods. Case-control study design. We used 265 blood samples from children. 4 mutations in the filaggrin gene were identified by real-time PCR. The association of mutations with disease was assessed by odds ratio. Results. We showed a strongly pronounced association of the deletion of 4 nucleotides (2282del4) with AD, but not with BA, although for patients with atopic BA the indicator of the association of this mutation with the disease was higher than for the group with symptoms of bronchial asthma identified by the ISAAC questionnaire. These results lead to the conclusion that the role of the filaggrin gene for BA is much less significant than for AD.
Triarylmethyl radicals (trityls, TAMs) represent a relatively new class of spin labels. The long relaxation of trityls at room temperature in liquid solutions makes them a promising alternative for traditional nitroxides. In this work we have synthesized a series of TAMs including perdeuterated Finland trityl (D36 form), mono-, di-, and triester derivatives of Finland-D36 trityl, the deuterated form of OX63, the dodeca-n-butyl homologue of Finland trityl, and triamide derivatives of Finland trityl with primary and secondary amines attached. We have studied room-temperature relaxation properties of these TAMs in liquids using pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) at two microwave frequency bands. We have found the clear dependence of phase memory time (Tm ∼ T2) on the magnetic field: room-temperature Tm values are ∼1.5-2.5 times smaller at the Q-band (34 GHz, 1.2 T) than at the X-band (9 GHz, 0.3 T). This trend is ascribed to the contribution from g-anisotropy that is negligible at lower magnetic fields but comes into play at the Q-band. In agreement with this, the difference between T1 and Tm becomes more pronounced at the Q-band than at the X-band due to increased contributions from incomplete motional averaging of g-anisotropy. Linear dependence of (1/Tm - 1/T1) on viscosity implies that g-anisotropy is modulated by rotational motion of the trityl radical. On the basis of the analysis of previous data and results of the present work, we conclude that, in the general situation where the spin label is at least partly mobile, the X-band is most suitable for application of trityls for room-temperature pulsed EPR distance measurements.
Dans la littérature consacrée aux associations évoquées par les mots le substantif ami occupe une place de choix. En effet on l’a souvent utilisé dans une optique comparatiste dans le but de montrer les différences et similitudes entre l’image mentale véhiculée dans les différentes langues. Dans cette étude nous allons analyser comment cette image a évolué en français durant les quinze dernières années. Pour cela nous allons utiliser les données des différents dictionnaires d’associations évoquées par les mots disponibles pour le français, créés à partir de questionnaires depuis 2007. Nous utiliserons tant les données issues des dictionnaires directs que celles des dictionnaires inverses, pour la France, la Belgique, la Suisse et le Canada sur une période allant de 2007 à 2020.
The members of the Triticeae tribe are characterised by the presence of orthologous and homoeologous gene copies regulating flavonoid biosynthesis. Among transcription factors constituting a regulatory MBW complex, the greatest contribution to the regulation of flavonoid biosynthetic pathway is invested by R2R3-Myb-type TFs. Differently expressed R2R3-Myb copies activate the synthesis of various classes of flavonoid compounds in different plant tissues. The aim of this research was the identification, comparison and analysis of full-length sequences of the duplicated R2R3-Myb Mpc1 (Myb protein c1) gene copies in barley and wheat genomes. The Mpc1 genes were identified in homoeologous group 4 and 7 chromosomes: a total of 3 copies in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and 8 copies in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genomes. All Mpc1 genes have a similar two-exon structure, and almost all of them are transcriptionally active. The calculation of the divergence time revealed that first duplication between 4 and 7 chromosomes of the common ancestor of the Triticeae tribe occurred about 35–46 million years ago (MYA); the last duplication arised about 16–19 MYA before the divergence Triticum and Hordeum genera The connection between gene expression and the appearance of anthocyanin pigmentation was found for three genes from homoeologous group 4 chromosomes: TaMpc1-A2 (5AL) in wheat coleoptile, HvMpc1-H2 (4HL) in barley lemma and aleurone layer, and HvMpc1-H3 (4HL) in barley aleurone layer. TaMpc1-D4 (4DL) from the wheat genome showed a strong level of expression regardless of the colour of coleoptile or pericarp. It is assumed, that this gene regulates the biosynthesis of uncoloured flavonoids in analysed tissues. The regulatory R2R3-Myb genes involved in anthocyanin synthesis were identified and characterised in Triticeae tribe species. Genes designated HvMpc1-H2 and HvMpc1-H3 appeared to be the main factors underlying intraspecific variation of H. vulgare by lemma and aleurone colour. TaMpc1-A2 is the co-regulator of the Mpc1–1 genes in bread wheat genome controlling anthocyanin synthesis in coleoptile.
Long-range chromatin interactions play an important role in transcription regulation. Chromatin Interaction Analysis with Paired-End-Tag sequencing (ChIA-PET) is an emerging technology that has unique advantages in chromatin interaction analysis, and thus provides insight into the study of transcription regulation. This article introduces the experimental protocol and data analysis process of ChIA-PET, as well as discusses some applications using this technology. It also unveils the direction of future studies based on this technology. Overall we show that ChIA-PET is the cornerstone to explore the three-dimensional (3D) chromatin structure, and certainly will lead the forthcoming wave of 3D genomics studies.
Species of the mustelid subfamily Guloninae inhabit diverse habitats on multiple continents, and occupy a variety of ecological niches. They differ in feeding ecologies, reproductive strategies and morphological adaptations.

To identify candidate loci associated with adaptations to their respective environments, we generated a de novo assembly of the tayra ( Eira barbara) , the earliest diverging species in the subfamily, and compared this with the genomes available for the wolverine ( Gulo gulo ) and the sable ( Martes zibellina ). Our comparative genomic analyses included searching for signs of positive selection, examining changes in gene family sizes, as well as searching for species-specific structural variants (SVs).

Among candidate loci associated with phenotypic traits, we observed many related to diet, body condition and reproduction. For example, for the tayra, which has an atypical gulonine reproductive strategy of aseasonal breeding, we observe species-specific changes in many pregnancy-related genes. For the wolverine, a circumpolar hypercarnivore that must cope with seasonal food scarcity, we observed many changes in genes associated with diet and body condition. All types of genomic variation examined contributed substantially to the identification of candidate loci. This strongly argues for consideration of variation other than single nucleotide polymorphisms in comparative genomics studies aiming to identify loci of adaptive significance.
The existing spring forms of wheat-rye amphiploids are characterized by late maturity due to the long duration of the interphase period 'germination-heading'. The manifestation of this trait is influenced by Vrn-1 genes. Their dominant alleles also determine the spring type of development.

The results of studying the interphase period 'germination-heading' of spring octaploid and hexaploid forms of triticale created for use in research and breeding programs under the conditions of forest-steppe of Western Siberia are given in this article. The interphase period of the primary forms 8xVrnA1, 8xVrnB1 and 8xVrnD1 obtained by artificial doubling of the chromosome number of the wheat-rye hybrids made by pollination of three lines of the soft wheat 'Triple Dirk' - donors of different dominant Vrn-1 genes - by a winter rye variety 'Korotkostebel'naya 69' was determined under the field conditions in the nursery of octaploid (8x) triticale. In the nursery of hexaploid triticale, this trait was studied in the populations of hybrids obtained by hybridization of these three primary forms of octaploid triticale with the hexaploid winter triticale variety 'Sears 57'. In the offspring of crossing 8хVrnD1 × 'Sears 57', spring genotypes of 6x triticale bearing Vrn-D1 were selected. This fact was determined by PCR.

It means that the genetic material from the chromosome of the fifth homeologous group of the D genome of the bread wheat is included in the plant genotypes. This genome is absent in the winter 6x triticale 'Sears 57'. The grain content of spikes of the created hexaploid forms of triticale is superior to that of the maternal octaploid triticale forms. It was shown that plants of the hybrid populations 8xVrnA1 × 'Sears 57' and 8xVrnD1 × 'Sears 57' carrying the dominant alleles Vrn-A1a and Vrn-D1a, respectively, have a shorter duration of the 'germination-heading' interphase period than the initial parental forms of primary 8x triticale. The short interphase period of 'germination-heading' of the 6x triticale is a valuable breeding trait for the creation of early maturing and productive genotypes of triticale.
The lliquid films are applied in the various equipments intended for an intensification of heat and mass transfer processes. Heat transfer can also be intensifying by the gas flow above the liquid surface; these processes take a place at two-phase flows in mini- and microchannels. This study deals with the heat transfer in a locally heated liquid film of constant thickness h. The film is supposed to flow along the heated plate having constant temperature TW under the action of gravity and a gas flow. Influence of a gas flow on a velocity profile in the liquid is considered through shear stress on an interface. Coefficient of heat exchange and shear stress on a film surface suppose be set. Equation of the energy for a liquid film is solved by Galerkin technique which is special case of the weighed residuals method (WRM). Applying of Galerkin technique to this problem allows calculating the temperature in a liquid analytically for arbitrary a temperature profile in initial cross-section of a film. For initial temperature profile, gained from the analytical solution the temperature field is calculated. Results of these calculations are compared to results of numerical solution of the energy equation by finite-difference method. This comparison has shown the good agreement both for a falling film, and for cocurrent or countercurrent gas flow.
The lack of formulation of macroscopic equations for irreversible dynamics of viscous heat-conducting media compatible with the causality principle of Einstein's Special Relativity and the Euler-Lagrange structure of General Relativity is a long-lasting problem.

In this paper, we propose a possible solution to this problem in the framework of SHTC equations. The approach does not rely on postulates of equilibrium irreversible thermodynamics but treats irreversible processes from the non-equilibrium point of view. Thus, each transfer process is characterized by a characteristic velocity of perturbation propagation in the non-equilibrium state, as well as by an intrinsic time/length scale of the dissipative dynamics. The resulting system of governing equations is formulated as a first-order system of hyperbolic equations with relaxation-type irreversible terms.

Via a formal asymptotic analysis, we demonstrate that classical transport coefficients such as the viscosity and heat conductivity are recovered in leading terms of our theory as effective transport coefficients. Some numerical examples are presented in order to demonstrate the viability of the approach.
Our object of study is the asymptotic growth of heaviest paths in a charged (weighted with signed weights) complete directed acyclic graph.Edge charges are i.i.d.random variables with common distribution F supported on [-∞, 1] with essential supremum equal to 1 (a charge of -∞ is understood as the absence of an edge).The asymptotic growth rate is a constant that we denote by C(F ).Even in the simplest case where F = pδ 1 + (1 -p)δ -∞ , corresponding to the longest path in the Barak-Erdős random graph, there is no closed-form expression for this function, but good bounds do exist.In this paper we construct a Markovian particle system that we call "Max Growth System" (MGS), and show how it is related to the charged random graph.The MGS is a generalization of the Infinite Bin Model that has been the object of study of a number of papers.We then identify a random functional of the process that admits a stationary version and whose expectation equals the unknown constant C(F ).Furthermore, we construct an effective perfect simulation algorithm for this functional which produces samples from the random functional.
All-fiber Raman lasers have demonstrated their potential for efficient conversion of highly multimode pump beams into high-quality Stokes beams. However, the modal content of these beams has not yet been investigated.

In this work, based on a mode decomposition technique, we are able to reveal the details of intermodal interactions in the different operation regimes of continuous wave multimode graded-index fiber Raman lasers.

We observed that, above the laser threshold, the residual pump beam is strongly depleted in its transverse modes with principal quantum number below 10. However, the generated Stokes signal beam mainly consists of the fundamental mode, but higher-order modes are also present, albeit with exponentially decreasing population.
The role of structure-energy properties of the mechanically induced defects of the crystal structure of heterogeneous catalysts is considered here.

The main concepts of the effect of mechanochemical activation on the activity and selectivity of catalysts are theoretically stated.

The most promising research trends are presented.
The species studied belong to the subfamilies Pamphaginae and Thrinchinae. All species have karyotypes consisting of 19 and 20 acrocentric chromosomes and X0/XX sex chromosome system in males and females, respectively (2n♂=19, NF=19; 2n♀=20, NF=20).

The karyotypes and the localization of C-bands, clusters of ribosomal DNA and telomeric repeats of 10 species of the family Pamphagidae from Morocco are described for the first time.

Despite the karyotype conservatism, we revealed differences in the location and size of C-heterochromatin blocks and ribosomal DNA clusters. A comparative analysis of these differences shows that karyotype divergences in this group is connected not to structural chromosome rearrangements, but to the evolution of repetitive DNA.
Based on the typological analysis, it was identified that the samples under consideration differ from traditional sabers of the Turkic nomads of Kazakhstan during the Kimak and Kipchak periods (10th – 12th Centuries). Their closest analogues were found on the territory of Southern Siberia and date back to the 13th – 14th Centuries.

The article considers three sabers stored in the Akmola Regional Museum of Local History (inv. No. ГИК 2322/1, ARMLH, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan), National Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan (inv. No. KRUM 802, NMRK, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan) and a private collection. The saber from NMRK was found in a destroyed mound in the Shet District, Karaganda Region (Central Kazakhstan). Results. Total lengths of these sabers are: 90.5, 73.0 and 91 cm (including the blade length – 82.2, 66.3 and 82.2. cm, widths in the area of the ricasso are 3.5, 3.4 and 3.5 cm). All three single-edged blades under consideration have a more or less strong curve. The tip of the saber from the private collection has a rib and double edge clips with long pronounced iron ‘tongues’ welded on to the ricasso of the blade. In two cases the ‘tongues’ are decorated with sharp-angled spikes. A rivet attaching the ‘cheeks’ of the hilt is inserted into the hole of the tang blade that is bent sideward (the saber from the private collection has an S-shaped rivet head). The guard has a characteristic ‘boat-shaped’ design.

It is highly possible that the appearance of sabers of this type on the territory of Northern and Central Kazakhstan were associated with the events of the Mongol invasion in the 13th Century and the inclusion of Eastern Dasht-I Kipchak into the Mongol Empire. It seems that the sabers were forged by masters in Southern Siberia and were then brought to Northern and Central Kazakhstan by the Chingizid troops. The small number of long-bladed weapons of the 13th – 14th centuries found on the territory of Kazakhstan determines high scientific value of the considered sabers.
This paper presents the results of comparative experiments on the excitation of inductively coupled plasma in water vapor in cylindrical and toroidal discharge chambers having the same outer diameter.

The plasma temperature in the cylindrical and toroidal chambers was determined using the Boltzmann plot method.

With equal discharge power and pressure, the temperature in the toroidal chamber was found to be higher than that in the cylindrical chamber. This is attributed to the lower heat transfer and the absence of a near-axial layer in the toroidal chamber as compared with cylindrical geometry.
We propose a numerical method for a supersonic van der Waals gas flow about a round cone. This method enables one to calculate shock waves attached to the cone and flow parameters between the shock wave and the surface area of the cone.

The advantages of the algorithm are demonstrated on some examples.
We analyzed the interrelation between the efficiency of a gene expression and the nucleotide composition of all protein‐coding sequences in 38 unicellular organisms whose complete genomic sequences are known. These organisms comprise 37 prokaryotic (29 eubacteria and eight archaebacteria) and one eukaryotic (yeast) species.

We constructed a measure, the elongation efficiency index, that considers simultaneously the information on codon frequencies and the degree of mRNA local self‐complementarity.

This measure recognizes the ribosome‐coding genes as highly expressed in all the unicellular organisms studied. According to our analysis, these species fall into five groups differentiated by the process that makes the key contribution to the elongation rate.
Given the large number of reports on the peculiarities of liver lesions during the Sars-Cov-2 infection [1]

a team of experts who participated in the 23rd Congress of the Scientific Society of Gastroenterologists of Russia and 15 National Congress of Therapists of November 19, 2020 decided to make additions to the Russian Consensus of 'Hyperammonemia in Adults' published early 2020 [2, 3]
The authors present the results of 2021 field archaeological research carried out in at the Komudwanу Terminal Paleolithic site located in the estuarine part of the Manya river (Oktyabrsky District of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug). The research was directed to study the geomorphological and geological features in the vicinity of the site, to specify the stratigraphic position of the cultural layers and to get new archaeological materials. The terrace and cape sections of the site as well as the adjacent areas were examined, surface finds were searched, several excavation trenches and a test pit were established (total area 10 m2). High water level in the river Manya did not allow explorations of the floodplain area of the site. The detailed stratigraphy description of the terrace and cape sections has been made, which testify to simultaneity of the uncovered archaeological materials; the geomorphological and geological features of the site area and the estuarine part of the Manya river has been clarified; the derived data testify the presence of humans 15-14 cal kyr BP. In the excavation trench on the terrace-like area, the upper bone-bearing level (layer 4) was excavated over the area of 8 sq. m, the medial bone-bearing level (layer 5) was discovered for the first time; 29 bones, of which all definable bones were those of mammoth, and 10 lithic artifacts were found in the upper bone-bearing level. Stone assemblage includes a spall with utilization retouch, flakes, shatters and a chip. Komudvany is the northernmost Terminal Paleolithic site on the West Siberian Plain.