Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Poor sperm morphology and an elevated DNA fragmentation level are considered to be related to spermiogenesis malfunctions as a result of genetic mutations and effects of environmental factors, including industrial pollution. Standardized cross-sectional population studies of sperm morphology defects and sperm DNA fragmentation, especially in regions with increased environmental pollution may be helpful to investigate an influence of industrial pollution and other population-related factors on spermiogenesis process.

The aim of present study was to estimate an influence industrial pollution on sperm morphogenesis and sperm DNA fragmentation in men from the general population of the Western Siberia. The Novosibirsk and Kemerovo cities are located to same climatic conditions in Western Siberia but the Kemerovo city is characterized by increased environmental pollution especially by particulate matter (PM). The male volunteers living in Novosibirsk (n = 278) and Kemerovo (n = 258) were enrolled. Percentages of sperm morphological defects are counted after staining native ejaculate smears by Diff-Quick kits. DNA fragmentation was estimated by a SCSA technique.

The residents of Kemerovo were characterized by lowered sperm count and sperm motility, elevated DNA fragmentation, poor sperm morphology and increased incidence of morphological effects of head (pyriform, elongated, round, abnormal acrosome and vacuolated chromatine), asymmetrical neck insertion and excess residual cytoplasm. Moreover, elevated DNA fragmentation was associated with lowered sperm count, sperm motility and increased percentages of several sperm morphology defects, with the place of residence affecting the relationships between conventional semen parameters, sperm morphology and DNA fragmentations. Our study suggests that excessive sperm head elongation and impaired acrosome formation can contribute to sperm morphology deterioration in men from polluted areas. Regional features in the relationships between sperm morphology, sperm count and DNA fragmentation were shown, suggesting an importance of studying sperm morphology pattern in men from different regions.
Many earthworm species demonstrate significant cryptic diversity, with several highly diverged mitochondrial lineages found within most of the taxa studied to date. The status of differences between these lineages on the nuclear level is still unclear. Because of widespread polyploidy in earthworms, most studies were limited to two nuclear loci, the ribosomal and the histone clusters. Here we attempted to elucidate the status of a set of genetic lineages within Eisenia nordenskioldi nordenskioldi, an earthworm species from Northern Asia with high intraspecific diversity. We performed RNA-seq on an IonTorrent platform for five specimens of this species belonging to five genetic lineages, as well as two outgroups from the family Lumbricidae, the congenetic E. andrei, and Lumbricus rubellus.We de novo assembled transcriptomes and constructed datasets of genes present in all seven specimens using broad (ProteinOrtho; 809 genes) and narrow (HaMStR; 203 genes) ortholog assignment. The majority of orthologs had identical amino acid sequences in all studied specimens, which we believe was due to strong bias towards the most conserved genes. However, for the rest of genes the differences among the lineages were lower than those between them and the congeneric E. andrei. Both datasets yielded phylogenetic trees with the same topology. E. n. nordenskioldi was found to be monophyletic. The differences on the genetic level had no concordance with geography, implying complex history of dispersal.We found that genetic lineages of E. n. nordenskioldi are genetically distinct on nuclear level and probably diverged long ago. Current data implies that they might even represent distinct species within the E. nordenskioldi species complex.
In 2018, the Belle II experiment, aimed at detailed studies of B-mesons, started operation at the Super-KEKB electron–positron collider at KEK (Japan). This was preceded by the long and quite successful work of the B-factories of previous generations, including the Belle experiment, to which Belle II is a successor. This experiment is unique, having no counterparts or competitors in the world. The spectrum of problems it is aimed at is quite broad: from studies of hadronic states containing heavy quarks to precision measurements and the search for New Physics beyond the Standard Model. This review describes specific features of the Belle II experiment, its ambitious goals and specific tasks, expected results of its work, and hopes related to its successful implementation.
The synthesis of new porous materials with desired properties is a challenging task. It becomes especially difficult if you need to combine several metals in one framework to obtain a heterometallic node. The use of presynthesized complexes for obtaining of new heterometallic metal–organic frameworks could be essential to solve the problem of tailored synthesis.

In our study we use presynthesized heterometallic pivalate complex [Li2Zn2(piv)6(py)2] to obtain new MOFs with heterometallic core as a node of the framework. We are managed to obtain four new heterometallic MOFs: [H2N(CH3)2]2[Li2Zn2(bdc)4]·CH3CN·DMF (1), [Li2Zn2(H2Br2-bdc)(Br2-bdc)3]·2DMF (2), [H2N(CH3)2][LiZn2(ndc)3]·CH3CN (3) and [{Li2Zn2(dmf)(py)2}{LiZn(dmf)2}2 (NO2-bdc)6]·5DMF (4). Moreover three of them contain starting tetranuclear core {Li2Zn2} and saves its geometry. We also demonstrate the influence of substituent in terephthalate ring on preservation of tetranuclear core.

For compound 1 it was shown that luminescence of the framework could be quenched when nitrobenzene is included in the pores.
In order to associate complex traits with genetic polymorphisms, genome-wide association studies process huge datasets involving tens of thousands of individuals genotyped for millions of polymorphisms. When handling these datasets, which exceed the main memory of contemporary computers, one faces two distinct challenges: 1) Millions of polymorphisms come at the cost of hundreds of Gigabytes of genotype data, which can only be kept in secondary storage; 2) the relatedness of the test population is represented by a covariance matrix, which, for large populations, can only fit in the combined main memory of a distributed architecture. In this paper, we present solutions for both challenges: The genotype data is streamed from and to secondary storage using a double buffering technique, while the covariance matrix is kept across the main memory of a distributed memory system. We show that these methods sustain high-performance and allow the analysis of enormous datasets.
There are only 10 Euclidean forms, that is flat closed three-dimensional manifolds: six are orientable and four are non-orientable. The aim of this paper is to describe all types of n-fold coverings over non-orientable Euclidean manifolds ℬ1 and ℬ2 and calculate the numbers of non-equivalent coverings of each type. We classify subgroups in the fundamental groups of ℬ1 and ℬ2 up to isomorphism and calculate the numbers of conjugated classes of each type of subgroups for index n. The manifolds ℬ1 and ℬ2 are uniquely determined among the other non-orientable forms by their homology groups H1(ℬ1)=ℤ2×ℤ2 and H1(ℬ2)=ℤ2.
This Special Issue is intended to serve as an interdisciplinary forum covering broad aspects of the science, technology, and application of synthetic and natural diamonds. The issue contains 13 papers, which highlight recent investigations and developments in diamond research related to the diverse problems of natural diamond genesis, diamond synthesis and growth using CVD and HPHT techniques

and the use of diamond in both traditional applications, such as mechanical machining of materials, and the new recently emerged areas, such as quantum technologies

The results presented in the contributions collected in this special issue clearly demonstrate that diamond occupies a very special place in modern science and technology.
An approach for numerical simulation of 3D hydraulic turbine flows in transient operating regimes is presented. The method is based on a coupled solution of incompressible RANS equations, runner rotation equation, and water hammer equations. The issue of setting appropriate boundary conditions is considered in detail. As an illustration, the simulation results for runaway process are presented. The evolution of vortex structure and its effect on computed runaway traces are analyzed.
We consider a problem of minimum length scheduling for the conflict-free aggregation convergecast in wireless networks in a case when each element of a network uses its own frequency channel. This problem is equivalent to the well-known NP-hard problem of telephone broadcasting since only the conflicts between the children of the same parent are taken into account. We propose a new integer programming formulation and compare it with the known one by running the CPLEX software package. Based on the results of a numerical experiment, we concluded that our formulation is more preferable in practice to solve the considered problem by CPLEX than the known one. We also propose a novel heuristic algorithm, which is based on a genetic algorithm and a local search metaheuristic. The simulation results demonstrate the high quality of the proposed algorithm compared to the best known approaches.
A problem of modeling radiation patterns of wave sources in two-dimensional acoustic tomography is considered. Each source has its own radiation patterns, and their modeling will be used to improve the solvability of inverse problems of recovering the acoustic parameters of human soft tissues and come closer to building a digital twin of acoustic tomography. The problem is considered as a control problem of the right side for the velocities by spatial variables. Two statements are investigated—control by time or space functions. A numerical solution method is implemented. The results of numerical calculations are presented.
In this study, we demonstrated experimentally and theoretically that the charge transport mechanism in amorphous Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 is phonon-assisted tunneling between traps like in HfO2 and ZrO2.

The thermal trap energy of 1.25 eV and optical trap energy of 2.5 eV in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 were determined based on comparison of experimental data on transport with different theories of charge transfer in dielectrics.

A hypothesis that oxygen vacancies are responsible for the charge transport in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 was discussed.
A series of small fine-grained and single-crystal bars, with strain from 0% (recrystallized) to 50%, were given different amounts of chemical polishing. Four-point resistivity (?) data was used to characterize the electron scattering from dislocations, hydrogen, and any other trace contaminants. As noted by previous studies, annealed Nb displayed a weak linear increase of ? (11?K) with polishing time due to hydrogen absorption, and bulk hydrogen concentration did not exceed 15% for 200??m metal removed. Cold-worked samples displayed steeper slopes with polishing time (after subtracting resistivity due to strain alone), suggesting that dislocations assist the absorption of hydrogen during polishing. Absorption accelerated above 30% strain and 100??m material removal, with room-temperature hydrogen concentration rising rapidly from 2% up to 5%. This threshold is significant, since superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities are usually polished as-formed, with >35% strain, and polishing removes >150??m of metal. Resistance jumps between 40 and 150 K, which signal the formation of hydride precipitates, were stronger in cold-worked samples, suggesting that dislocations also assist precipitate nucleation. High-vacuum anneals at 800??C for 2 h, which are known to fully recrystallize cavity-grade niobium and de-gas hydrogen, removed the 40?150 K jumps and recovered the resistivity increase due to chemical polishing entirely. But, about 30% of the resistivity increase due to cold work remained, possibly due to residual dislocation clusters. Continued annealing only facilitated the diffusion of surface impurities into the bulk and did not recover the initial 0% state. Strain, polishing, and annealing thus appear to combine as irreversible paths that change the material. Bearing this in mind, the significant difference in hydrogen uptake between annealed and cold-worked samples suggests that annealing SRF cavities prior to chemical polishing could greatly reduce hydrogen uptake and storage in the metal, reducing risk of quality-factor loss. This inverts key steps of the present widely-used cavity processing sequence.
Mongolian goats are of great interest for studying ancient migration routes and domestication, and also represent a good model of adaptability to harsh environments. Recent climatic disasters and uncontrolled massive breeding endangered the valuable genetic resources of Mongolian goats and raised the question of their conservation status. Meanwhile, Mongolian goats have never been studied on genomic scale.

We used Illumina Goat SNP50 to estimate genetic risks in five Mongolian goat breeds (Buural, Ulgii Red, Gobi GS, Erchim, Dorgon) and explored phylogenic relationships among these populations and in the context of other breeds. Various clustering methods showed that Mongolian goats grouped with other Asian breeds and were especially close to some neighboring Russian and Chinese breeds.

The Buural breed showed the lowest estimates of inbreeding and exhibited the shortest genetic distances within the other Mongolian breeds, especially, to Ulgii Red and Gobi GS. These three breeds formed a single core group, being weakly differentiated from each other. Among them, Gobi GS displayed obvious signs of inbreeding probably resulted from artificial selection pressure. Dorgon and especially Erchim goats stand apart from the other Mongolian breeds according to various types of analyses, and bear unique features pointing to different breeding histories or distinct origins of these breeds. All populations showed strong decline in effective population size. However, none of them met formal criteria to be considered as endangered breeds. The SNP data obtained in this study improved the knowledge of Mongolian goat breeds and could be used in future management decisions in order to preserve their genetic diversity.
Using an annihilation data sample of 567 pb -1 taken at a center-of-mass energy of 4.6 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider.

We study the hadronic decays of to the final states and. Normalizing to the reference decays and, we obtain the ratios of the branching fractions and to be and, respectively. The upper limits at the 90% confidence level are set to be and.

We find evidence for the decays and with statistical significance of and, respectively. Using BESIII measurements of the branching fractions of the reference decays, we determine % (<0.68%) and % (<1.9%). Here, the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The obtained branching fraction of is consistent with the previous measurement, and the branching fraction of is measured for the first time.
The e+e- -> pi+pi-pi+pi- cross section has been measured using 5.8/pb of integrated luminosity collected with the CMD-2 detector at the VEPP-2M collider.

Analysis of the data with a refined efficiency determination and use of both three- and four-track events

allowed doubling of a data sample and reduction of systematic errors to 5-7%.
The solution of the biharmonic equation is used for simulating the stress-strain state of an isotropic plate under the action of transverse load.

New versions of the collocations and least squares method of high-order accuracy are proposed and implemented for the numerical solution of the boundary value problems for the biharmonic equation in non-canonical domains. The differential problem is projected into a space of fourth-degree polynomials by the CLS method. The boundary conditions for the approximate solution are put down exactly on the boundary of the computational domain. The versions of the CLS method are implemented on the grids which are constructed in two different ways.

It is shown that the approximate solution of problems converges with high order. Thus it matches with high accuracy with the analytical solution of the test problems in the case of known solution in the numerical experiments on the convergence of the solution of various problems on a sequence of grids.
In this study, the levels of salivary IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 from individuals with and without homozygous immunoglobulin heavy chain constant gene deletions were quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To analyse the restriction of salivary IgG subclasses, we used unstimulated whole saliva and sera collected at the same time from individuals with homozygous gene deletions, two with G1 deletion, one with G4 deletion, six with both G2 and G4 deletions and from eight individuals without IGHG gene deletions and expressing all four IgG subclasses. The median values of salivary IgG from individuals with homozygous G1, or G4, or both G2 and G4 deletions, and from individuals expressing all four subclasses were 24.2 mg/l and 23.4 mg/l, respectively. The median values of serum IgG were 13.7 g/l and 15.9 g/l, respectively. Our results show that the salivary and serum IgG levels were both within the normal range in individuals with homozygous gene deletions of either G1, or G4, or both G2 and G4.
Purpose. The article analyzes in details two small petroglyphic compositions with human figures and hoofed animals made in the technique of dotted engraving on rocky ridges, which were discovered in the mountains of Kara-Too, a part of the mountain range of Tian Shan in Kyrgyzstan, and provides a brief description of another similar composition. Results. We summarized the primary events of researching rock graphic arts compositions in mountains, particularly those located in the northern part of the Kyrgyz Republic. The first imagery group, which was discovered at the site Kara-Too, demonstrates a dismounted archer wearing a rounded head-dress and keeping a bow and arrow in his hand, with a bow quiver hung to his belt, and a profile imagery of a hoofed animal with two protuberances on its back, which probably means that the animal is a camel. The second petroglyphic composition shows two archers with bows and arrows in their hands, who are hunting goats. We also give a brief description of the third multi-figure composition present at this petroglyphic location. It includes an imagery of a horseman, some horses, a dog, mountain goats and sheep or Altai argali, as well as a construction with walls and a double-pitch roof. Conclusion. The images of humans and animals in the petroglyphic composition of Kara-Too, which were described in the article, apparently relate to the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age.
We present results of a systematic study of the mass-loss properties of Type IIn supernova progenitors within decades before their explosion.

We apply an analytic light-curve model to 11 Type IIn supernova bolometric light curves to derive the circumstellar medium properties. We reconstruct the mass-loss histories based on the estimated circumstellar medium properties.

The estimated mass-loss rates are mostly higher than 10−3 M⊙ yr−1 and they are consistent with those obtained by other methods. The mass-loss rates are often found to be constantly high within decades before their explosion. This indicates that there exists some mechanism to sustain the high mass-loss rates of Type IIn supernova progenitors for at least decades before their explosion. Thus, the shorter eruptive mass-loss events observed in some Type IIn supernova progenitors are not always responsible for creating their dense circumstellar media. In addition, we find that Type IIn supernova progenitors may tend to increase their mass-loss rates as they approach to the time of their explosion. We also show a detailed comparison between our analytic prediction and numerical results.
The issue contains material on classical sequence analysis, bioinformatics applications in medicine, and the theoretical research on gene network structure and dynamics.

This traditional school on bioinformatics is organized annually since 2008 by the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Novosibirsk State University. In 2019 we had several large international meetings in Russia -in Novosibirsk and Moscow presenting materials on genetics and bioinformatics. The name of the special issue -SBB-2019 reflects the main topics of the event. Traditionally we select the best conference and school materials to be presented at BMC Genomics (https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/supplements/volume-21-supplement-7)and BMC Genetics postconference publications [1-4], see also (https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/supplements/volume-20-supplement-1). The SBB Schools in Novosibirsk are satellite events for BGRS\SB multiconference organized biannually. In 2019, the SBB-2019 School was held as a broad-scope independent meeting with science and education components.

Other Special Issues in the fields of genomics, bioinformatics, microbiology, and medical genomics accompany this Special
The carried out researches with the help of 40Ar/39Ar analysis have shown a coincidence of formation (about 490 million years) of Paleozoic picrite and basalt complexes of the basement of the Western Siberian Plate. The data on petrochemistry, geochemistry of rare and rare-earth elements, and also on compositions of clinopyroxenes, testifies to formation of picrites of borehole № 11 (Chkalovsky area) as a result of action of intra plate magmatic systems of oceanic islands - OIB. Calculations on the basis of clinopyroxene compositions speak about considerable parameters of crystallization of picrite porphyrite minerals: 1215-1275 °C, 4.5-8 kbar. As a whole, it is established that considered picrite basalt complexes were formed with the assistance of enriched plume magmatic systems in intra plate conditions of ancient ocean near to its active margin.
The cross section of the process e + e − → π + π − π + π − has been measured using an integrated luminosity of 17 pb −1 collected with the CMD-3 detector in the center-of-mass energy range 650-1000 MeV. High-precision measurements of various hadronic cross sections are of great interest in relation with the problem of the muon anomalous magnetic moment g-2. This measurement can be also used to test the relation between the cross section of e + e − → π + π − π + π − and the spectral function for the τ − → π − π 0 π 0 π 0 decay predicted by the conservation of vector current (CVC).