Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
We studied yeast cells in physiological solution during freezing by Raman microspectroscopy technique. The purpose was to find out the origin of a sharp peak near ~3430 cm^-1 in Raman spectrum of frozen mammalian cells, observed earlier (J. Dong et al, Biophys. J., 99 (2010) 2453), which presumably could be used as an indicator of intracellar ice appearance.

We have shown that this line (actually doublet of 3408 and 3425 cm^-1) corresponds to Raman spectrum of hydrohalite (NaCl-2H2O), which is formed as the result of the eutectic crystallization of the liquid solution around the cells. We also show that the spatial distribution of hydrohalite in the sample significantly depends on the cooling rate.

At lower cooling rate (1°C/min), products of eutectic crystallization form layer on the cell surface which thickness varies for different cells and can reach ~1 μm in thickness. At higher cooling rate (20°C/min), the hydrohalite distribution appears more homogeneous, in the sample, and the eutectic crystallization layer around the cells was estimated to be less than ~20 nm. These experimental results are consistent with scenarios predicted by the two-factor hypothesis for freezing induced cell injury. This work demonstrates a potential of Raman microspectroscopy to study peculiarities of the eutectic crystallization around single cells in vivo with the high spatial resolution.
We report the first observations of the spin-singlet bottomonium states hb(1P) and hb(2P).

The states are produced in the reaction e+e−→hb(nP)π+π− using a 121.4 fb−1 data sample collected at energies near the Υ(5S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider.

We determine M[hb(1P)]=(9898.2+1.1+1.0−1.0−1.1) MeV/c2 and M[hb(2P)]=(10 259.8±0.6+1.4−1.0) MeV/c2, which correspond to P-wave hyperfine splittings ΔMHF=(+1.7±1.5) and (+0.5+1.6−1.2) MeV/c2, respectively. The significances of the hb(1P) and hb(2P) are 5.5σ and 11.2σ, respectively. We find that the production of the hb(1P) and hb(2P) is not suppressed relative to the production of the Υ(1S), Υ(2S), and Υ(3S).
In this work, using molecular dynamics methods by Gromacs package we simulate the hydrate formation in systems containing THF, water, and NACL molecules at different thermodynamic conditions and concentration of THF molecules. The curves of the number of hydrogen bonds are obtained depending on the simulation time at different temperatures.

The computer simulations results show that the hydrogen bonds between THF and water molecules are relatively weak, with a maximum number of two water molecules hydrogen bonded to THF, but THF can facilitate water molecules rearrangement to form a pentagonal or hexagonal planar ring that is the part of clathrate cavity. In addition, the THF molecule can significantly increase the likelihood to form clathrate cavities suitable for the second guest molecule. The effect of THF molecules concentration on the hydrate cavities formation with adding NaCL molecules into the modeling system is shown. In this work, data are obtained on the magnitude of torsion angles, the percentage of which increases depending on the simulation time, which allows concluding that labile large and small cavities of sII hydrates are formed. The increase in the THF molecules concentration is shown to lead to a decrease in the hydrogen bonds number of water molecules in the simulated system.
The rat represents an important animal model that, in many respects, is superior to the mouse for dissecting behavioral, cardiovascular and other physiological pathologies relevant to humans. Derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells from rats (riPS) opens the opportunity for gene targeting in specific rat strains, as well as for the development of new protocols for the treatment of different degenerative diseases.

Here, we report an improved lentivirus-based hit-and-run riPS derivation protocol that makes use of small inhibitors of MEK and GSK3. We demonstrate that the excision of proviruses does not affect either the karyotype or the differentiation ability of these cells. We show that the established riPS cells are readily amenable to genetic manipulations such as stable electroporation.

Finally, we propose a genetic tool for an improvement of riPS cell quality in culture. These data may prompt iPS cell-based gene targeting in rat as well as the development of iPS cell-based therapies using disease models established in this species.
The article discusses some aspects of interaction between atmospheric dynamics processes in the Arctic and the mid-latitudes under conditions of global climate change and rapid warming in the Arctic in the lower layer of the troposphere (due to a mechanism of positive feedbacks, enhancement of atmospheric heat and moisture fluxes to the Arctic and heat transfer by currents in the ocean). This is a difficult task, given the fact that the observation of this phenomenon is relatively short. One of the plausible physical hypotheses of the effect of warming in the Arctic on the dynamics of the atmosphere in the mid- and high latitudes is that the reduction of sea ice and snow cover anomalies caused by this warming can lead to changes in the frequency and intensity of the extreme weather events and large-scale circulation in the mid-latitudes and in the Arctic region. Polar cyclones, stratospheric vortex, jet streams, North Atlantic oscillations - these objects of atmospheric dynamics are the subject of discussion in this article. The paper also presents the results of a study of the sensitivity of the Arctic Ocean and the sea ice to variability of atmospheric circulation, taking into account the dynamics of the NAO/AO. Special attention is paid to the circulation over the Norwegian and Greenland Seas, which are the area of formation of the initial trajectory of distribution of Atlantic waters in the Arctic Ocean.
Алгоритм предобработки сигнала импульсного нейтронного гамма-каротажа с учетом статистической зависимости соседних элементов спектра
The article is based on the teaching experience of introductory mechanics course at Novosibirsk State University for first year physics students which are just beginning to use advanced mathematical methods in physics problems.

The purpose of this article is to present a simple solution of the classic dog-and-rabbit chase problem which emphasizes the use of concepts of elementary kinematics

can be used in introductory mechanics course
Two mechanisms of OsIVCl62- photolysis were studied by means of quantum chemical calculations in gas and aqueous phases. The difference between these mechanisms is in the nature of the possible Os(iv) key intermediates (KI). According to calculations, the intermediate is an OsIVCl5- complex of square pyramidal coordination geometry. The calculations do not give an opportunity to make an unambiguous choice between the triplet and quintet multiplicities of OsIVCl5-. The calculated CASSCF/IMCP-SR1 transition energies for 5OsIVCl5- are lower than for 3OsIVCl5-, while the calculated XMC-QDPT2/SBKJC spectra for the triplet state are in better agreement with the experimental absorption spectrum of the KI than for the quintet state.
The New Physics - new particles, new interactions, supersymmetry, Dirac monopole, extra dimensions... SM and the case of a SM--like scenario - EWSB, Higgs bosons, anomalies in interactions of gauge bosons, QCD, Pomeron and odderon...

In this report our main attention is focused on the problems which can be solved at Photon Colliders naturally but are hardly solved at LHC and e^+e^- Linear Collider

By-product: Production of light Goldstone particles from region of e→γ conversion.
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) diversify protein functions and dynamically coordinate their signalling networks, influencing most aspects of cell physiology. Nevertheless, their genetic regulation or influence on complex traits is not fully understood.

Here, we compare for the first time the genetic regulation of the same PTM of two proteins – glycosylation of transferrin and immunoglobulin G (IgG). By performing genome-wide association analysis of transferrin glycosylation, we identified 10 significantly associated loci, all novel. Comparing these with IgG glycosylation-associated genes, we note protein-specific associations with genes encoding glycosylation enzymes (transferrin - MGAT5, ST3GAL4, B3GAT1 ; IgG - MGAT3, ST6GAL1 ) as well as shared associations ( FUT6, FUT8 ). Colocalisation analyses of the latter suggest that different causal variants in the FUT genes regulate fucosylation of the two proteins.

We propose that they affect the binding of different transcription factors in different tissues, with fucosylation of IgG being regulated by IKZF1 in B-cells and of transferrin by HNF1A in liver.
The aim: To determine gender differences in the dynamics of attitudes towards the cardiovascular prevention in an open population of 25-64 years over a long-term period - 29 years in Russia / Siberia (Novosibirsk). Methods: Within the framework of the screening in 1988-89 under the WHO MONICA-psychosocial (MOPSY) program (n=1676, 49.5% males, mean age 44.1±0.4 years), MOPSY screening in 1994-95 (n=1527, 43% males, mean age 44.85 ± 0.4 years), in 2003-2005 under the international project HAPIEE (n=1650, 34,9% males, mean age 54,25±0,2 years), in 2013-2016 (n=975, 43,8% males, mean age 34,5±0,4 years) and 2016-2017 гг.( n=663, 41,3% years 51,95±0,32 years) within the framework of the budgetary theme No. АААА-А17-117112850280-2, random representative samples of men and women in one of districts in Novosibirsk were examined. Attitude towards preventive methods and health care utilization were assessed using the questionnaire "Knowledge and attitude towards own's health". Results: About 100% male and female population aged of 25-64 years considered it probable "to develop a serious illness within the next 5-10 years" in 1988. This proportion has not changed significantly by 2017. In 1988, men more often than women certainly believed that they would avoid serious illness if they took action on their own health. In subsequent years of observation these sex differences in responses were erased. Belief in the power of medicine to prevent all or most of the heart disease was present among young men in 2013 and 2017. In comparison with them, women are more balanced about the preventive possibilities of medicine. Despite the fact that 100% of men and women in the open population 25-64 years find "preventive health screening" useful, only 6.8% of males and 3% of females were regularly checked by a doctor in 1988. In 2016-2017, the frequency of regular health checks exceeded the 10% in middle-aged groups. An equal proportion of men and women - 67% sought medical help only in case of chest pain, and 11-12% would not go to a doctor even with intense pain; by 2017, their share had decreased to 6.5%. Conclusions: Among those who consider it likely to have a serious illness, only one of ten is regularly checked by a doctor. At the same time, men are more likely than women to shift responsibility for their health to the preventive capabilities of medicine. Keywords: awareness, cardiovascular prevention, sex differences, population, healthcare utilization
The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the global helium industry. The areas of efficient use of associated components in natural gas production are an integral part of the technological economy. The article discusses the current state of the world production and consumption of helium. Russia possesses the largest reserves of helium in the world, most of which are concentrated in the fields of Eastern Siberia and the Far East. Russia can become the main producer and supplier of helium to the world market. The paper also analyzes the current state of the production and consumption of helium in the world with the identification of the main helium producers (USA, Qatar, and Algeria). The main factors influencing the production and consumption of helium have been determined. The authors have constructed a forecast for the production and consumption of helium in the world until 2040 according to three scenarios. An assessment was made of the possibility of transporting helium from Russia to the world market until 2040. In addition, the authors considered options for creating storage facilities for helium concentrate on the territory of Eastern Siberia.
Построение иерархического набора моделей: от стоимостной ОМММ к отраслевой модели в натуральных показателях
Three polymorphs of tolbutamide (IL, II, and III) were studied using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, from 100 K to room temperature (forms II and III) and to 350 K (form I), and differential scanning calorimetry. The reversible transformation, IL ⇔ IH, was found to be of the single-crystal to single-crystal type and the structure of the high-temperature form (IH) was solved and refined. The structure of IH differs from that of IL only in the conformation of the molecule, with molecular arrangements being practically unchanged (isostructural conformational transformation). The transition takes place at 313 K with no sign of hysteresis. The volume change, ΔV/V, across the reversible transformation IL ⇔ IH was calculated and compared to those for the other conformational transformations. Two types of conformational polymorphic transformations (irreversible reconstructive and reversible isostructural) in tolbutamide and chlorpropamide were compared.
The model of the coevolution of the social, mental and functional orders is used for a sketchy explanation of the relative stability of the Western European Middle Ages (until the beginning of the 16th century).

It is shown that the stability of the medieval order is based on finding the relevant supporting structures for the main objects of concern for rulers and elites: mobilizing military force, maintaining a decent level of their well-being and subordination of the lower exploited strata.

Multiple conflicts between the emperor, kings, princes, knights, townspeople (bourgeois) and the peasantry did not undermine, but strengthened the established order, as far as rivals tried to occupy the best places in the same social structure.
The article discusses a unique monument of rock-art on the territory of Xinjiang – namely the petroglyphs of Kangjiashimenzi (Hutubi County). The person who began scientific investigation of this site in 1987 was Professor Wang Binghua. From that time, the issues of Hutubi petroglyphs became among the most popular topics in Chinese archaeological literature but only in a few publications in other countries and only one – in Russia. This article aims to fill this gap. The Kangjiashimenzi rock-art panel comprises 292 images of different size composed as a whole ensemble depicted using a counter-relief technique, with some grinding after. The images were given in quite stylized (dancing) poses. The male figures are often presented with an erect phallus. The picture also includes several coitus scenes. We supposed this ensemble in general served as a pictorial reflection of ancient mystery-plays connected with genus or tribal worships and with sacred wedding rituals. The main part of the petroglyphs dates to the Middle Bronze Age (circa first half of II millennium BC). On the territory of Xinjiang this period was presented by Xiaohe Culture. Within these rock-art engravings, two groups of petroglyphs, most likely, with later dates can be distinguished though they were very precisely incorporated into the ensemble. Images of ‘tigers’ one could connect with activity of nomad tribes of Saka (circa first half of I millennium BC), and antithetical figures of two horses – with some other nomad tribe of Yuezhi (circa II century BC). In any case, the monument with rock engravings has been created and used over quite a long time. It is very probable that Kangjiashimenzi was a functioning sanctuary, at least for the whole region.
In order to demonstrate the role of the fluorination and some solvents in the structural organization of the Ag(I) coordination polymers with β-diketonate ligands
This study focuses on the early human occupation of the arctic part of the West Siberian Plain and introduces the finds at the Paleolithic site Kushevat (Shuryshkarsky District, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug), discovered in 2020. Geological and geomorphological characteristics of the Lower Ob region are provided, the chronology of the key Middle and Late Neopleistocene sequences is assessed, and criteria underlying the search for Paleolithic sites in the area are outlined.

We describe the discovery and excavations at Kushevat, its stratigraphy and its faunal remains. On the basis of correlation with neighboring key Late Neopleistocene sections with a representative series of absolute dates, the age of the site is estimated at cal 50–35 ka BP. Results of a traceological study of a possibly human-modified reindeer antler are provided.

Findings at Kushevat and the available information on the early peopling of northern Eurasia suggest that the boundary of the inhabited part of that region must be shifted ~200 km to the north. The Ob, therefore, is one of the last major Siberian rivers where traces of the Early Upper Paleolithic culture have been found. The discovery of a stratified site in its lower stretch is a milestone in the Paleolithic studies in the region. A large area over which faunal remains are distributed, and the presence of lithics among the surface finds, suggest that Kushevat is a highly prospective site for future archaeological studies of the early stages in the human peopling of the region.
In the standard Krugman (1979) non-CES trade model, several asymmetric countries typically lose from increasing trade costs. However, all countries transiently benefit from such increase at the moment of closing trade, under almost-prohibitive trade costs (i.e., near autarky, which is possible only under non-CES preferences). In other words, during trade liberalization the first step from autarky to trade is necessarily harmful. Our explanation rests on market distortion and business destruction effects.
A non-linear problem on steady non-homogeneous flows over an uneven bottom is considered. A semi-analytical model deals with asymptotic solutions of the Dubreil-Jacotin — Long equation of uniformly stratified fluid. Approximate solutions are constructed by the perturbation procedure combined with the Fourier method of modal expansion. Stationary wave patterns forced above the rough terrain of finite horizontal extension are calculated and analyzed.
КАРДИОРЕСПИРАТОРНЫЕ РЕАКЦИИ НА ГИПОКСИЮ И ГИПЕРКАПНИЮ У ПЛОВЦОВВ. Э. Диверт, Т
A detector of the electron angular distribution of a high-power microsecond E-beam has been constructed and applied for measuring in experiments. Functional properties of this detector are based on the regularities of transmission of magnetized electrons through cylindrical channels drilled in absorbing material. Simulations of motion, reflection and absorption of electrons in detector channels performed with code Geant4, have shown the possibility to measure an electron distribution function over their initial pitch-angles with angular resolution ∼0.05 rad. Measurement results for electron angular distribution of the beam in the magnetic field 0.6 T that is generated by the accelerator U-2 are presented and discussed in the paper.
Preclinical and clinical imaging of porous media or void spaces such as human lungs could be possible. In their Communication on page 11636 ff., K. Kovtunov, E. Chekmenev et al. describe the 3D 1H MRI of hyperpolarized flowing propane at relatively short times with microscale spatial resolution and a large imaging matrix. The hyperpolarized propane was prepared by using a Rh/TiO2 catalyst with Rh particle size of 1.6 nm. This highly stable catalyst allows for preparation of nontoxic asphyxiant hyperpolarized propane gas to potentially enable robust preclinical and clinical 3D molecular imaging. Preclinical and clinical imaging of porous media or void spaces such as human lungs could be possible. In their Communication on page 11636 ff., K. Kovtunov, E. Chekmenev et al. describe the 3D 1H MRI of hyperpolarized flowing propane at relatively short times with microscale spatial resolution and a large imaging matrix. The hyperpolarized propane was prepared by using a Rh/TiO2 catalyst with Rh particle size of 1.6 nm. This highly stable catalyst allows for preparation of nontoxic asphyxiant hyperpolarized propane gas to potentially enable robust preclinical and clinical 3D molecular imaging. Enzyme Inhibitors The study of multivalent enzyme inhibitors and their inhibitory activities is an area of research that has shown rapid growth in the last five years. This unique class of compounds may provide new pharmaceutical opportunities to treat diseases involving carbohydrate-processing enzymes. The scope of the Minireview by S. G. Gouin on page 11616 ff. is to highlight the potential and the limitations offered by this new type of inhibitor since the first proof of concept.1 Self-Assembly of Molecular Janus Particles Concepts of geometric and chemical symmetry breaking has led to the design and synthesis of hydrophobic and hydrophilic fullerene conjugates to form molecular Janus particles, which can be described as “snowman-like” and “mickey-mouse-like”. These fullerene-based Janus particles exhibit intriguing self-assembly in solution. For more details, see the Communication on page 11630 ff. by S. Z. D. Cheng, X. Yu, W.-B. Zhang et al.1 Chromophores In their Full Paper on page 11708 ff., H.-W. Schmidt, R. Hildnera, M. Kivala et al. describe a reliable synthetic route to functionalize carbonyl-bridged triarylamines with either three naphthalimides or three 4-(5-hexyl-2,2′-bithiophene)naphthalimides as peripheral chromophores. Steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy provide clear evidence for energy transfer in both multichromophoric compounds.1
Background Polycomb-group genes ( PcG ) encode proteins that maintain homeotic ( Hox ) gene repression throughout development. Conversely, trithorax-group ( trxG ) genes encode positive factors required for maintenance of long term Hox gene activation. Both kinds of factors bind chromatin regions called maintenance elements (ME). Our previous work has shown that corto , which codes for a chromodomain protein, and dsp1 , which codes for an HMGB protein, belong to a class of genes called the Enhancers of trithorax and Polycomb ( ETP ) that interact with both PcG and trxG . Moreover, dsp1 interacts with the Hox gene Scr , the DSP1 protein is present on a Scr ME in S2 cells but not in embryos.

To understand better the role of ETP , we addressed genetic and molecular interactions between corto and dsp1 . Results We show that Corto and DSP1 proteins co-localize at 91 sites on polytene chromosomes and co-immunoprecipitate in embryos. They interact directly through the DSP1 HMG-boxes and the amino-part of Corto, which contains a chromodomain. In order to search for a common target, we performed a genetic interaction analysis. We observed that corto mutants suppressed dsp1 1 sex comb phenotypes and enhanced Antp Scx phenotypes, suggesting that corto and dsp1 are simultaneously involved in the regulation of Scr . Using chromatin immunoprecipitation of the Scr ME, we found that Corto was present on this ME both in Drosophila S2 cells and in embryos, whereas DSP1 was present only in S2 cells.

Conclusion Our results reveal that the proteins Corto and DSP1 are differently recruited to a Scr ME depending on whether the ME is active, as seen in S2 cells, or inactive, as in most embryonic cells. The presence of a given combination of ETPs on an ME would control the recruitment of either PcG or TrxG complexes, propagating the silenced or active state.
Binary silicon-based diffractive optical element (DOE) - Gaussian-to-Square focuser (diameter of aperture is 30 mm) for the terahertz spectral range has been designed and characterized using terahertz radiation of the Novosibirsk Free Electron Laser (NovoFEL) at the wavelength of 141 mm. The preliminary experiments have demonstrated feasibility of application of binary silicon DOE for focusing of terahertz radiation into pre-given focal domain.