Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) method was used to characterize liquid phase distribution in rectangular slit microchannel with cross-section 200×1205 μm for horizontal gas-liquid flow. Ethanol and nitrogen were used as working liquid and gas accordingly. The feature of this study is an application of hydraulic focusing cross-junction mixer for obtaining elongated bubble and transition flows in the microchannel with a high aspect ratio. Using LIF measurements for elongated bubble and transition flows the liquid film distributions were obtained for different distances from the bubble top and average liquid film thickness was compared with the prediction according to Taylor’s law.
The dependence of the average water level in the Ob River at the Novosibirsk water post on the discharge rate to a hydroelectric power station is being investigated.

The stochastic approach is used to model this dependence. As a result of the analysis of an array of statistical data a two-component mathematical model has been obtained. The simultaneous use of the Probit probability determination model and the construction of a regression straight line

result in a nonlinear relationship between the water level and the discharge rate, which allows for a more accurate flood forecast.
This article is devoted to the analysis of the Advanced development zone’s (ADZ) initiative in the context of the economic integration of the Russian Federation and South Korea. The author of the article, relying on an extensive source base, for the first time attempts to answer the question of what factors impede the successful implementation of projects by the two countries within the framework of the ADZ initiative.The purpose of the study is to identify and characterize the main problems and prospects for cooperation between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation in ASEZs.The study was carried out within the framework of an integrated approach using the SCAN Interfax media environment analysis system as one of the main forecasting tools. At the same time, the author draws on statistical data reflecting the state of export-import, trade turnover between the two countries over the past five years.The analysis of the source made it possible to determine that despite the huge interest of South Korean business in the emerging markets of the Russian Federation, due to the complicated administrative procedures, the fundamental difference in the procedure for investing in high-tech and commercial production, lack of trust in the Russian system of economic planning, insufficient study of ways of doing business with South Korean companies with On the part of Russian Far Eastern specialists, the project could not be implemented as planned.
In recent years, several fundamental decisions were made in relation to the implementation of major transport infrastructure projects for the development of the Arctic. To ensure their justification and successful implementation, it is necessary to use adequate tools of project analysis.

The paper addresses the development of methods for assessing the financial and economic efficiency of Arctic development projects and quantifying the results of interaction between project participants, including spatial interaction. The developed model allows us to quantify the redistribution of results between project participants due to the mechanisms of various government support instruments and methods of private financing.

The proposed methods were tested for the Yamal LNG project.
Background. According to the novel approach to the treatment of patients as persons, the phenomenon of palliation distinguishes modern medicine from the traditional medical paternalism. it means that medical science and practice go beyond physical health, when treatment methods aimed to improving the quality of patient’ life are widely used. man as a phenomenon of culture becomes something much more than his physical body. The purpose of the study was to analyze the palliative care legislation. Results. The palliative care was shown not to be a type of medical care, but it refers to the terms used in clinical practice to determine the purposes of specialized treatment aimed at not curing the disease, but rather extending life and controlling symptoms. conclusion. it is necessary to include patients’ relatives and friends to the number of people in need of medical care. The development of the federal state educational standard of higher education in the specialty of a palliative care physician is also of great importance.
A bstract Evidence for the hadronic annihilation decay mode $ {B^{+}}\to D_s^{+}\phi $ is found with greater than 3 σ significance. The branching fraction and CP asymmetry are measured to be $ \begin{array}{*{20}{c}} {\quad\;\mathcal{B}\left( {{B^{+}}\to D_s^{+}\phi } \right)=\left( {1.87_{-0.73}^{+1.25}\left( {\mathrm{stat}} \right)\pm 0.19\left( {\mathrm{syst}} \right)\pm 0.32\left( {\mathrm{norm}} \right)} \right)\times {10^{-6 }},} \hfill \\ {\,\,{{\mathcal{A}}_{CP }}\left( {{B^{+}}\to D_s^{+}\phi } \right)=-0.01\pm 0.41\left( {\mathrm{stat}} \right)\pm 0.03\left( {\mathrm{syst}} \right).} \hfill \\ \end{array} $ The last uncertainty on $ \mathcal{B}\left( {{B^{+}}\to D_s^{+}\phi } \right) $ is from the branching fractions of the $ {B^{+}}\to D_s^{+}{{\overline{D}}^0} $ normalization mode and intermediate resonance decays. Upper limits are also set for the branching fractions of the related decay modes $ B_{(c)}^{+}\to D_{(s)}^{+}{K^{*0 }},\;B_{(c)}^{+}\to D_{(s)}^{+}{{\overline{K}}^{*0 }} $ and $ B_c^{+}\to D_s^{+}\phi $ , including the result $ \mathcal{B}\left( {{B^{+}}\to {D^{+}}{K^{*0 }}} \right)<1.8\times {10^{-6 }} $ at the 90% credibility level.
Five trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylate (chdc2−) metal–organic frameworks of transition metals were synthesized in aqueous systems. A careful control of pH, reaction temperature and solvent composition were shown to direct the crystallization of a particular compound. Isostructural [Co(H2O)4(chdc)]n (1) and [Fe(H2O)4(chdc)]n (2) consist of one-dimensional hydrogen-bonded chains. Compounds [Cd(H2O)(chdc)]n∙0.5nCH3CN (3), [Mn4(H2O)3(chdc)4]n (4) and [Mn2(Hchdc)2(chdc)]n (5) possess three-dimensional framework structures. The compounds 1, 4 and 5 were further characterized by magnetochemical analysis, which reveals paramagnetic nature of these compounds. A presence of antiferromagnetic exchange at low temperatures is observed for 5 while the antiferromagnetic coupling in 4 is rather strong, even at ambient conditions. The thermal decompositions of 1, 4 and 5 were investigated and the obtained metal oxide (cubic Co3O4 and MnO) samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.
The basic tasks of research administration are the registration and monitoring of projects execution. Currently, in Russia there are no centralized solutions for that purpose because of different requirements and regulations in national scientific foundations.

The Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation initiated a pilot project for creating a prototype of a system for aggregating the information about research projects. The required system fits well with the CRIS model that harvests current heterogeneous research data from different sources, processes them and stores in a database, which finally provides aggregated information about national scientific research.

In this paper some modelling, classifying and integration issues of this project are considered.
There exists a great deal of concrete evidence in favor of the exotic four-quark nature of light scalars. At the same time, the further expansion of the area of the $q^2\bar q^2$ model validity for light scalars on ever new processes seems extremely interesting and important. We analyze the BESIII data on the decay $J/\psi\to \gamma\pi^0\pi^0$ and show that the results of this high-statistics experiment can be interpreted in favor of the four-quark nature of light scalar mesons $f_0(980)$ and $f_0(500)$.
It is shown that co-linear injection of electrons or positrons into the wakefield of the self-modulating particle beam is possible and ensures high energy gain. The witness beam must co-propagate with the tail part of the driver, since the plasma wave phase velocity there can exceed the light velocity, which is necessary for efficient acceleration. If the witness beam is many wakefield periods long, then the trapped charge is limited by beam loading effects. The initial trapping is better for positrons, but at the acceleration stage a considerable fraction of positrons is lost from the wave. For efficient trapping of electrons, the plasma boundary must be sharp, with the density transition region shorter than several centimeters. Positrons are not susceptible to the initial plasma density gradient.
An experimental model of the evaporative cooling system of a single powerful LED with a natural circulation of the coolant capable of removing a heat flux density of more than 1 kW / cm2 is created. It is shown that on the finned surfaces the overheating relative to the saturation temperature in comparison with a smooth surface decreases up to three times for the heater with a diameter of 5 mm. There is up to two times increase in heat transfer coefficient on finned surfaces as compared to the smooth ones. For finned surfaces on the heater with a diameter of 1 mm the surface overheating relative to the saturation temperature decreases in four times. More than three times increase is observed for the heat transfer coefficient on finned surfaces as compared to the smooth ones.
The electrical response of a two-dimensional electron gas to vibrations of a nanomechanical cantilever containing it is studied.

Vibrations of perpendicularly oriented cantilevers are experimentally shown to oppositely change the conductivity near their bases. A physical model is developed, which quantitatively explains the experiment.

This indicates the piezoelectric nature of electromechanical coupling. It shows that the main origin of the conductivity change is a rapid change in the mechanical stress on the boundary between suspended and nonsuspended areas, rather than the stress itself.
An analysis of the decay ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{K}^{*}(892{)}^{0}$ is presented using data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $1.0\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, collected in $pp$ collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the LHCb detector. The polarization amplitudes and the corresponding phases are measured to be $|{A}_{\ensuremath{\parallel}}{|}^{2}=0.227\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004\text{ }(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.011\text{ }(\mathrm{syst})$, $|{A}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}{|}^{2}=0.201\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004\text{ }(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008\text{ }(\mathrm{syst})$, ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{\ensuremath{\parallel}}[\mathrm{rad}]=\ensuremath{-}2.94\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02\text{ }(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03\text{ }(\mathrm{syst})$, and ${\ensuremath{\delta}}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}[\mathrm{rad}]=2.94\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02\text{ }(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02\text{ }(\mathrm{syst})$. Comparing ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{K}^{*}(892{)}^{0}$ and ${\overline{B}}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\overline{K}}^{*}(892{)}^{0}$ decays, no evidence for direct $CP$ violation is found.
The results of numerical calculations of a fibre Raman amplifier pumped by continuous-spectrum radiation are presented. Different variants of the approximation of the found optimal pump spectrum by a combination of four discrete radiation sources with broadened spectral lines are studied.

It is shown that the Raman gain flatness better than 0.1 dB can be achieved in the spectral region between 1528 and 1599 nm at the average gain of 7.7 dB, and the gain flatness of 0.042 dB in the case of the zero average small-signal gain in a 25-km SMF-28 fibre pumped by the 1-W and 364-mW backward radiation, respectively.
A bstract A factorization hypothesis is tested by examining a form factor of the ωπ production in hadronic B 0 → D ∗± ωπ ∓ decays. The form factor is compared to that from available τ -lepton as well as e + e − data using the conserved vector current hypothesis. The difference of normalizations of form factor shapes from B and τ ( e + e − ) data indicates the important role of the large N c limit in QCD. Moreover, the growth of the difference between the form factors with the ωπ invariant mass is related to the perturbative QCD corrections of factorization. The current precision of B data does not allow one to find any evidence of corrections to factorization. A promising study could be performed with the Belle II and LHCb data sets.
The study investigated essential oils of berries and green biomass of the sea buckthorn at various growth stages. Plant material of H. rhamnoídes ssp. mongolica was collected in the experimental fields of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS (Siberia, Russia). Volatile compounds and essential oils were detected. Green spring shoots without leaves, first-year seedlings without leaves and berries were analyzed. In all studied exemplars, 103 volatile compounds were defined among which considerable proportion wasn't found in a sea-buckthorn earlier. Phenylpropanoids prevailed in essential oils composition from seedlings. Alkanes and phenylpropanoids prevailed in shoots. Berries contained mostly carboxylic acids and their esters. These data can be applied to a fingerprint of various cultivars of a sea-buckthorn with relevance to food science and technology.
We present the results of a search for the rare decays $B\to h\nu\overline{\nu}$, where $h$ stands for $K^+,\:K^0_{\mathrm{S}},\:K^{\ast +},\:K^{\ast 0},\:\pi^+,\:\pi^0,\:\rho^+$ and $\rho^{0}$. The results are obtained with $772\times10^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^+ e^-$ collider. We reconstruct one $B$ meson in a semileptonic decay and require a single $h$ meson but nothing else on the signal side. We observe no significant signal and set upper limits on the branching fractions. The limits set on the $B\to K^0_{\mathrm{S}}\nu\overline{\nu}$, $B^0\to K^{*0}\nu\overline{\nu}$, $B\to \pi^+\nu\overline{\nu}$, $B^0\to\pi^0\nu\overline{\nu}$, $B^+\to\rho^+\nu\overline{\nu}$, and $B^0\to\rho^0\nu\overline{\nu}$ channels are the world's most stringent.
Modal attraction towards low order modes in a GRIN multimode fiber was experimentally observed at high power and characterized, thus enriching the dynamics of the Kerr self-cleaning effect leading to quasi fundamental mode generation.
We study highly chirped analytical solutions of the cubic-quintic Ginzburg-Landau equation with the gain saturation.

Based on the analysis, we propose the analytical method of estimating the stable generation area in a long fiber laser.

The results allow us to predict the stable generation in long-cavity fiber lasers without performing full mathematical modeling.
The discovery of simple and efficient catalyst systems for the asymmetric oxofunctionalization of hydrocarbons is a challenging task of catalytic chemistry. In this paper, we give an overview of catalyst systems capable of conducting asymmetric oxygenative transformations of organic molecules and, in line with the major trend to sustainability, relying on green oxidants H2O2 and O2 as the ultimate oxygen source. The full historical period of asymmetric oxidation catalysis (1970 to the present day) is covered; both transition-metal-based and organocatalytic systems are considered.

The focus of this review is the catalytic properties of the existing catalyst systems, in particular stereoselectivity, activity, efficiency, and synthetic outlook.

At the same time, mechanistic peculiarities of stereoselective oxygen transfer are given attention.
The metal–organic framework (MOF) complex (H 3 O) 2 [Zn 4 (ur)(Hfdc) 2 (fdc) 4 ] ( 1 , ur=urotropine, H 2 fdc=furan‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid) incorporates cryptand‐like cavities

which can be used to separate and detect Rb + and Cs + optically. This is the first example of the effective employment of a MOF material for optical detection of these cations.
The study of the possibility of the formation of protonated argon and helium ions in a supersonic clustered flow of a mixture of argon with hydrogen and helium with hydrogen is carried out.

The method of molecular beam mass spectrometry was used for registration. Ionization of the gas mixture took place directly in the gas jet, followed by transport of the formed ions through the molecular beam system to the detector of the mass spectrometer.

Found ions Ar2H+, Ar3H+. Assumptions are made about the role of condensation in the formation of protonated diargon cation and triargon cation.
The work is devoted to an experimental study of the effectiveness of the method for measuring errors in manufacturing of computer-generated synthesized holograms using specialized marks. Each mark represents two aligned diffraction gratings with the same duty cycle and period, the first of which is formed before writing, and the second is formed in the process of forming the structure of the hologram.

To determine the writing error, the method of optical diffractometry was used.

The results of an experimental study of dependence of diffraction efficiency of the mark on the mutual displacement of parts of the microgratings are presented. The error manufacturing of a synthesized hologram arising during long-term writing of a diffractive optical element has been simulated experimentally.
Idiopathic scoliosis is one of the most common disabling pathologies of children and adolescents.Etiology and pathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis remain unknown.To study the etiology of this disease we identified the cells' phenotypes in the vertebral body growth plates in patients with idiopathic scoliosis.Materials and methods: The cells were isolated from vertebral body growth plates of the convex and concave sides of the deformity harvested intraoperatively in 50 patients with scoliosis.Cells were cultured and identified by methods of common morphology, neuromorphology, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and PCR analysis.Results: Cultured cells of convex side of deformation were identified as chondroblasts.Cells isolated from the growth plates of the concave side of the deformation showed numerous features of neuro-and glioblasts.These cells formed synapses, contain neurofilaments, and expressed neural and glial proteins. Conclusion:For the first time we demonstrated the presence of cells with neural/glial phenotype in the concave side of the vertebral body growth plate in scoliotic deformity.We hypothesized that neural and glial cells observed in the growth plates of the vertebral bodies represent derivatives of neural crest cells deposited in somites due to alterations in their migratory pathway during embryogenesis.We also propose that ectopic localization of cells derived from neural crest in the growth plate of the vertebral bodies is the main etiological factor of the scoliotic disease.
Quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) is a key phenomenon for low power-consumption device applications owing to its dissipationless spin-polarized and quantized current in the absence of an external magnetic field. However, the recorded working temperature of the QAHE is still very low. Here we systematically investigate the magnetic dopants induced modifications from the view points of magnetic, structural and electronic properties and the ultrafast carrier dynamics in a series of V-doped Sb 2 Te 3 samples of composition Sb 2− x V x Te 3 with x = 0, 0.015 and 0.03. Element specific x-ray magnetic circular dichroism signifies that the ferromagnetism of V-doped Sb 2 Te 3 is governed by the p – d hybridization between the host carrier and the magnetic dopant. Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy excited with mid-infrared pulses has revealed that the V impurity induced states underlying the topological surface state (TSS) add scattering channels that significantly shorten the duration of transient surface electrons down to the 100 fs scale. This is in a sharp contrast to the prolonged duration reported for pristine samples though the TSS is located inside the bulk energy gap of the host in either magnetic or non-magnetic cases. It implies the presence of a mobility gap in the bulk energy gap region of the host material that would work toward the robust QAHE. Our findings shed light on the material design for low-energy-consuming device applications.
The domesticated guinea pig, Cavia porcellus (Hystricomorpha, Rodentia), is an important laboratory species and a model for a number of human diseases. Nevertheless, genomic tools for this species are lacking; even its karyotype is poorly characterized. The guinea pig belongs to Hystricomorpha, a widespread and important group of rodents; so far the chromosomes of guinea pigs have not been compared with that of other hystricomorph species or with any other mammals.

We generated full sets of chromosome-specific painting probes for the guinea pig by flow sorting and microdissection, and for the first time, mapped the chromosomal homologies between guinea pig and human by reciprocal chromosome painting.

Our data demonstrate that the guinea pig karyotype has undergone extensive rearrangements: 78 synteny-conserved human autosomal segments were delimited in the guinea pig genome. The high rate of genome evolution in the guinea pig may explain why the HSA7/16 and HSA16/19 associations presumed ancestral for eutherians and the three syntenic associations (HSA1/10, 3/19, and 9/11) considered ancestral for rodents were not found in C. porcellus. The comparative chromosome map presented here is a starting point for further development of physical and genetic maps of the guinea pig as well as an aid for genome assembly assignment to specific chromosomes. Furthermore, the comparative mapping will allow a transfer of gene map data from other species. The probes developed here provide a genomic toolkit, which will make the guinea pig a key species to unravel the evolutionary biology of the Hystricomorph rodents.
From 1849 to the present about 400 volumes have been published. In this paper, the notion 'comics about Russia' include: a) a book of comics in which the action takes place either in the tsarist Russia, the USSR or contemporary Russia, b) a book in which a character or a place of the above period are involved.

After an overview of the types of books and genres of comics about Russia (documentary, historical, adventure, science fiction, comical, as well as literary adaptations), an analysis of the visual aspect of comic books, mainly the covers, is given. Such recurring elements as snow, red color, five-pointed star, trains, blood, weapons, beautiful girls, ugly old ladies, and old cars are considered. We discuss the reasons for the practical absence of such stereotypes as black caviar, bears and some others. Then we analyze the role of the Russian language in the realization of the image of Russia, on the example of borrowed words, toponyms, anthroponyms, and utterances. Сyrillic, transliterated text and insertion of certain letters from Cyrillic into Latin are examined, as well as the presence or absence of translation and its correctness. The author underlines cases in which nonexistent toponyms, names and surnames, remotely resembling Russian words, are used.

The author proposes a frame for the analysis of any comic book about Russia. Apart from the mentioned above, this frame takes into account such aspects as characteristics of the 'Russian' personages and their actions. Hopefully, the frame will make it possible to observe the evolution of the image of Russia, the link between stereotypes and the type of comic book as well as to compare the same image in French mass-media, literature, and movies. In the future we would like to find out whether the use of these stereotypes comes from the authors' insufficient knowledge of the Russian reality, or from their intention to create and reinforce the existing stereotypical image of this country.