Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The cross section for ee+ e- → π+ π- J/ψ between 3.8 and 5.5 GeV is measured with a 967 fb(-1) data sample collected by the Belle detector at or near the Υ(nS) (n = 1,2,…,5) resonances. The Y(4260) state is observed, and its resonance parameters are determined. In addition, an excess of π+ π- J/ψ production around 4 GeV is observed. This feature can be described by a Breit-Wigner parametrization with properties that are consistent with the Y(4008) state that was previously reported by Belle. In a study of Y(4260) → π+ π- J/ψ decays, a structure is observed in the M(π(±)J/ψ) mass spectrum with 5.2σ significance, with mass M = (3894.5 ± 6.6 ± 4.5) MeV/c2 and width Γ = (63 ± 24 ± 26) MeV/c2, where the errors are statistical and systematic, respectively. This structure can be interpreted as a new charged charmoniumlike state.
The scientific and practical Conference on China and countries along the Silk Road development issues in the past and modern days. The Conference is held annually in the ‘NSU Confucius Institute / Class’ and the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS joint project framework. In 2019, among participants were experts and professors from Novosibirsk, Barnaul, Krasnoyarsk, Moscow, Omsk, Almaty, Nanjing, Urumqi.
Because alkoxyamines are employed in a number of important applications, such as nitroxide-mediated polymerization, radical chemistry, redox chemistry, and catalysis, research into their reactivity is especially important. Typically, the rate of alkoxyamine homolysis is strongly dependent on temperature. Nonetheless, thermal regulation of such reactions is not always optimal. This review describes various ways to reversibly change the rate of C–ON bond homolysis of alkoxyamines at constant temperature. The major methods influencing C–ON bond homolysis without alteration of temperature are protonation of functional groups in an alkoxyamine, formation of metal–alkoxyamine complexes, and chemical transformation of alkoxyamines. Depending on the structure of an alkoxyamine, these approaches can have a significant effect on the homolysis rate constant, by a factor of up to 30, and can shorten the half-lifetime from days to seconds. These methods open new prospects for the application of alkoxyamines in biology and increase the safety of (and control over) the nitroxide-mediated polymerization method.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an emerging target for cancer therapy as they promote tumour growth and metastatic potential. However, CAF targeting is complicated by the lack of knowledge-based strategies aiming to selectively eliminate these cells. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that a pro-inflammatory microenvironment (e.g. ROS and cytokines) promotes CAF formation during tumorigenesis, although the exact mechanisms involved remain unclear.

In this study, we reveal that a prolonged pro-inflammatory stimulation causes a de facto deficiency in base excision repair, generating unrepaired DNA strand breaks and thereby triggering an ATF4-dependent reprogramming of normal fibroblasts into CAF-like cells.

Based on the phenotype of in vitro -generated CAFs, we demonstrate that midostaurin, a clinically relevant compound, selectively eliminates CAF-like cells deficient in base excision repair and prevents their stimulatory role in cancer cell growth and migration.
We propose a high-resolution optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) based on an all-fiber supercontinuum source. The source simply consists of a laser with moderate power and a section of fiber which has a zero dispersion wavelength near the laser's central wavelength.

Spectrum and time domain properties of the source are investigated, showing that the source has great capability in nonlinear optics, such as correlation OTDR. We analyze one of the key factors limiting the operational range of such an OTDR, i.e., sampling time.

Finally, we experimentally demonstrate a correlation OTDR with 25km sensing range and 5.3cm spatial resolution, as a verification of theoretical analysis.
A study, involving kinetic measurements on the stopped‐flow and conventional UV/Vis timescales, ESI‐MS, NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations, has been carried out to understand the mechanism of the reaction of [Mo 3 S 4 (acac) 3 (py) 3 ][PF 6 ] ([ 1 ]PF 6 ; acac=acetylacetonate, py=pyridine) with two RCCR alkynes (R=CH 2 OH (btd), COOH (adc)) in CH 3 CN. Both reactions show polyphasic kinetics, but experimental and computational data indicate that alkyne activation occurs in a single kinetic step through a concerted mechanism similar to that of organic [3+2] cycloaddition reactions, in this case through the interaction with one Mo(μ‐S) 2 moiety of [ 1 ] + . The rate of this step is three orders of magnitude faster for adc than that for btd, and the products initially formed evolve in subsequent steps into compounds that result from substitution of py ligands or from reorganization to give species with different structures. Activation strain analysis of the [3+2] cycloaddition step reveals that the deformation of the two reactants has a small contribution to the difference in the computed activation barriers, which is mainly associated with the change in the extent of their interaction at the transition‐state structures. Subsequent frontier molecular orbital analysis shows that the carboxylic acid substituents on adc stabilize its HOMO and LUMO orbitals with respect to those on btd due to better electron‐withdrawing properties. As a result, the frontier molecular orbitals of the cluster and alkyne become closer in energy; this allows a stronger interaction.
The data sample collected in 2011-2013 at the c.m.s. energies between 0.32-2 GeV with the CMD-3 detector operating at the VEPP-2000 e + e − collider is analzed. The collected data corresponds to an integrated luminosity about ∼ 60 pb −1 .

The techniques for determination of the integrated luminosity for each energy setting is described.

Some preliminary results of the study of the processes e + e − → K + K − + n π (n = 1,2,3) with two charged kaons in the final state are presented. These processes have several intermediate states, which are important to correctly descript the angular distributions of final particles and the cross sections dependence on the energy.
Anthropometric traits are of global clinical relevance as risk factors for a wide range of disease, including obesity. Yet despite many hundreds of genetic variants having been associated with anthropometric measurements, these variants still explain little variation of the traits. Joint-modeling of multiple anthropometric traits, has the potential to boost discovery power, but has not been applied to global-scale meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (meta-GWAS). Here, we develop a simple method to perform multi-trait meta-GWAS using summary statistics reported in standard single-trait meta-GWAS and replicate the findings in an independent cohort. Using the summary statistics reported by the GIANT consortium meta-GWAS of 270,000 individuals, we discovered 359 novel loci significantly associated with six anthropometric traits. The “overeating gene” GRM5 (P = 4.38E-54) was the strongest novel locus, and was independently replicated in the Generation Scotland cohort (n = 9,603, P = 4.42E-03). The novel variants had an enriched rediscovery rate in the replication cohort. Our results provide new important insights into the biological mechanisms underlying anthropometric traits and emphasize the value of combining multiple correlated phenotypes in genomic studies. Our method has general applicability and can be applied as a secondary analysis of any standard GWAS or meta-GWAS with multiple traits.
According to modern concepts, the interaction potential as a function of the interatomic distance has a single minimum, has no other extremum points, and does not have inflection points, where its derivative is zero. Usually, to take into account harmonic vibrations and the effect of anharmonic effects on these vibrations, the interaction potential is expanded in the Taylor series and a quadratic term is taken into account, which takes into account harmonic vibrations, and third and fourth order corrections for deviations of the interatomic distance from its equilibrium value, taking into account anharmonic effects. These three members of the Taylor series constitute an approximate interaction potential. To take into account the anharmonic effects in the partition function of the diatomic molecule in the Boltzmann factor, an exponential factor is selected that takes into account the anharmonic part of the above approximate potential, and this factor is expanded in the Taylor series, the integration limits are changed to plus and minus infinity, the integration is carried out and the first few members of the power series are left on return temperature. Obviously, the approximate potential, like the initial potential, should not have other extremum points, except for a single minimum, and inflection points, where its derivative is equal to zero. In this paper, it is shown that: if the coefficient in front of the fourth-order term in the approximate potential is negative, then the approximate potential has two false maxima; if it is zero, then there is one false maximum; if it is positive, then the potential can have one false minimum and one false maximum or one inflection point where the derivative of the potential is equal to zero. The conditions imposed on the interaction potential are found when the anharmonic effects in the vibrations of a diatomic molecule can be approximately taken into account by corrections of the third and fourth orders to the quadratic harmonic potential. It is shown that this approximation can be used in the case of the interaction of atoms of a diatomic molecule by means of the Mie-Grüneisen and Lennard-Jones potential.
We report the observation of the rare charm decay ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, based on $468\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ annihilation data collected at or close to the center-of-mass energy of the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4\mathrm{S})$ resonance with the BABAR detector at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. We find the branching fraction in the invariant mass range $0.675<m({e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}})<0.875\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$ of the electron-positron pair to be $\mathcal{B}({D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}})=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}(4.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.1)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third due to the uncertainty in the branching fraction of the decay ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ used as a normalization mode. The significance of the observation corresponds to 9.7 standard deviations including systematic uncertainties. This result is consistent with the recently reported ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ branching fraction, measured in the same invariant mass range, and with the value expected in the standard model. In a set of regions of $m({e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}})$, where long-distance effects are potentially small, we determine a 90% confidence level upper limit on the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}({D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}})<3.1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$.
This article is dedicated to modeling the end-stopped neuron. This type of neuron gives the maximum response at the end of the line and is used to refine the edge. The article provides an overview of different models of end-stopped neurons. I have proposed a simpler and more accurate model of an end-stopped neuron based on the use of Gabor filters in antiphase. For this purpose, the models of simple and complex cells whose output is used in the proposed model are also described. Simple cells are based on the use of a Gabor filter, the parameters of which are also described in this article. The proposed model has shown its effectiveness.
Replication protein A (RPA), eukaryotic single-stranded DNA-binding protein, is a key player in multiple processes of DNA metabolism including DNA replication, recombination and DNA repair. Human RPA composed of subunits of 70-, 32- and 14-kDa binds ssDNA with high affinity and interacts specifically with multiple proteins. The RPA heterotrimer binds ssDNA in several modes, with occlusion lengths of 8-10, 13-22 and 30 nucleotides corresponding to global, transitional and elongated conformations of protein.

Varying the structure of photoreactive DNA, the intermediates of different stages of DNA replication or DNA repair were designed and applied to identify positioning of the RPA subunits on the specific DNA structures. Using this approach, RPA interactions with various types of DNA structures attributed to replication and DNA repair intermediates were examined.

This review is dedicated to blessed memory of Prof. Alain Favre who contributed to the development of photoreactive nucleotide derivatives and their application for the study of protein-nucleic acids interactions.
The study of phase-change phenomena under high and ultra-high heat fluxes is urgent because of fast development of electronics and microelectronics. We have developed a test section with power of 3.5 kW with a heater of 1x1 cm 2 and adjustable geometry of the channel for achieving ultra-high heat fluxes in flow boiling and shear-driven liquid film experiments. The methodology of calculating heat losses in the test section is proposed and verified by flow boiling experiment versus another well studied test section. Observed trend of decrease of relative heat losses with increase in the heat flux makes it possible to assume that the heat flux as high as 2.5 kW/cm 2 can be reached by this test section.
Electrical conductivity profile behind the detonation front in the benzotrifuroxane (BTF) was measured using high-resolution technique. BTF is a peculiar high explosive which is completely hydrogen-free: its molecular formula is C 6 N 6 O 6 . Results are compared with the conductivity distributions in detonating hexogen (RDX, C 3 H 6 N 6 O 6 ) and triaminotrinitrobenzene based explosive (TATB, C 6 H 6 N 6 O 6 ). The conductivity in BTF was found to be similar to that observed in the common explosives which contain hydrogen. Thus, the contribution of hydrogen (e.g., ions produced by the dissociation of water) in the conductivity is minor, both in the reaction zone and in the final detonation products. The characteristics of the conductivity profiles generally support the idea of contact conductivity through the connected structures of carbon particles formed in the detonation wave.
The purpose of this study is to show the patterns of distribution of disseminated sulfide in layered rocks based on the numerous geochemical and mineralogical data obtained for eight boreholes of the Norilsk intrusion (southern part of the Norilsk 1 deposit). There is a common trend of sulfide liquid fractionation in the Main Ore Horizon, which is composed of picritic and taxite (or olivine) gabbro-dolerites: the Ni/Cu in both rock types decreases down all sections, indicating an increase in the degree of fractionation of the sulfide liquid from top to bottom. On the contrary, the Ni/Fe ratios in pentlandite increase in this direction due to an increase in sulfur fugacity. However, picrite and taxite/olivine gabbro-dolerites are very distinctly separated by Ni/Cu values: these values are >1 in picritic gabbro-dolerite while they are always <1 in taxite/olivine gabbro-dolerite. These rock types are distinguished by sulfide assemblages. The first includes troilite, Fe-rich pentlandite, chalcopyrite, cubanite, talnahite, bornite and copper (low sulfur association); the second one is composed of monoclinic pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, Ni-rich pentlandite and pyrite (high sulfur association). A two-stage magma injection with different ore specializations is supposed for picritic and taxite/olivine gabbro-dolerites.
This work for the first time proposes and studies a method of frequency doubling of CW non-single-frequency fibre lasers with a high-Q resonator partially coupled to the fibre laser cavity.

The proposed new approach resulted in the following parameters: laser's maximal output power 880 mW at 536 nm when pumped with 6.2 W at 976 nm, wavelength tuneability range 521-545 nm with the output power at the extreme ends of this range 420 and 220 mW correspondingly.

The proposed configuration allows efficient non-linear transformation of both CW and pulsed radiation in a partially coupled enhancement cavity.
In the present paper, results of an experimental and numerical study of gas flows in radial micro-nozzles are reported. The radial micro-nozzle consists of two disks spaced apart by a less than one millimeter distance. To the inlet of the radial nozzle, a gas under high pressure is supplied; through the nozzle, the pressurized gas is ejected into ambient space. In the present study, we analyzed the flows in which the gas at the inlet to the micro-nozzle had a supersonic velocity. It was shown that, on the condition that the micro-nozzle width was smaller than some critical value, then, due to the wall friction force, a pseudo-shock arose in the micro-nozzle. In the pseudo-shock, the gas underwent deceleration to a subsonic velocity. A satisfactory agreement between the calculated and experimental data was achieved.
The spectrum ω(G) is the set of orders of elements of a finite group G.

We consider the problem of generating the spectrum of a finite nonabelian simple group G given by the degree of G if G is an alternating group, or the Lie type, Lie rank and order of the underlying field if G is a group of Lie type.
Moths of genus Dendrolimus (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) are among the major pests of coniferous forests worldwide. Taxonomy and nomenclature of this genus are not entirely established, and there are many species with a controversial taxonomic position.

We present a comparative evolutionary analysis of the most economically important Dendrolimus species in Eurasia. Our analysis was based on the nucleotide sequences of COI and COII mitochondrial genes and ITS2 spacer of nuclear ribosomal genes. All known sequences were extracted from GenBank. Additional 112 new sequences were identified for 28 specimens of D. sibiricus, D. pini, and D. superans from five regions of Siberia and the Russian Far East to be able to compare the disparate data from all previous studies. In total, 528 sequences were used in phylogenetic analysis.

Two clusters of closely related species in Dendrolimus were found. The first cluster includes D. pini, D. sibiricus, and D. superans; and the second, D. spectabilis, D. punctatus, and D. tabulaeformis. Species D. houi and D. kikuchii appear to be the most basal in the genus. Genetic difference among the second cluster species is very low in contrast to the first cluster species. Phylogenetic position D. tabulaeformis as a subspecies was supported. It was found that D. sibiricus recently separated from D. superans. Integration of D. sibiricus mitochondrial DNA sequences and the spread of this species to the west of Eurasia have been established as the cause of the unjustified allocation of a new species: D. kilmez. Our study further clarifies taxonomic problems in the genus and gives more complete information on the genetic structure of D. pini, D. sibiricus, and D. superans.
The cross sections of the processes e+e−→K+K−, e+e−→KSKL, and e+e−→π+π−π0 were measured in the SND experiment at the VEPP-2M collider in the energy region near the φ(1020) meson. These measurements were based on about 106 K+K−, 0.5×106 KSKL, and 0.4×106 π+π−π0 selected events. The measured cross sections have been analyzed in the framework of the vector meson dominance model and the main parameters of the φ resonance were obtained, such as its mass, width, the production cross section, and branching ratios of the main decay modes. The measured value of the φ meson total width, Γφ=4.21±0.04, is lower than the present world average of 4.458±0.032 MeV. Contributions in addition to the conventional vector meson dominance model were found in the e+e−→π+π−π0 reaction cross section.Received 15 September 2000DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.63.072002©2001 American Physical Society
The 2′–5′-oligoadenylate synthetase (2′–5′-OAS) family members are interferon-induced antiviral proteins. Twenty-three single nucleotide polymorphisms located within the OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, and OASL genes were analyzed in 142 patients with Russian tick-borne encephalitis. Statistically significant differences in genotype, allele, and haplotype frequencies for 3 OAS2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1293762, rs15895, and rs1732778) and 2 OAS3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2285932 and rs2072136) were detected between patients with central nervous system disease and both those with fever and/or meningitis and the control group. The data suggest a possible association between these 5 OAS single nucleotide polymorphisms and the outcome of tick-borne encephalitis virus infection in a Russian population.
The shape of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectral line depends on the ratio of the vibrational and electronic contributions to the third-order susceptibility of the material. The G-mode (1590 cm-1) of graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibits opposite features in the CARS spectrum, showing "dip" and "peak," respectively. Here, we consider the CARS spectra of graphene and carbon nanotubes in terms of Fano formalism describing the line shapes of CARS resonances. We show that imaging at only 1590 cm-1 is not sufficient to separate the constituents of a composite material consisting of both graphene and CNTs. We propose an algorithm to map the graphene and CNTs in a composite material.
Earlier it was shown that male mice of the DD/He strain were highly susceptible to ortho-aminoasotoluene (OAT) induced hepatocarcinogenesis, and resistant to spontaneous liver tumor development as compared to the СС57BR/Mv strain. In the present work we have made a comparative investigation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), liver X-receptor (LXR) and retinoic X-receptor (RXR) mRNA levels in liver as well as concentrations of corticosterone, glucose, lipids and insulin in blood of male DD/He and СС57BR/Mv mice. Using the multiplex RT-PCR method it was found that PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, RXR-α and RXR-β mRNA content was essentially decreased in the liver of DD mice as compared to mice of the СС57BR strain. No significant interstrain differences of LXR-α and LXR-β mRNA content were found. In DD micetere was more then the 3-fold decrease of blood content of corticosterone, which is involved in PPAR and RXR regulation. DD mice demonstrated a significant decrease in blood serum glucose and insulin concentrations as well as higher reactivity to insulin as compared with СС57BR mice. Elevated blood total cholesterol and cholesterol HDL level were found in DD mice whereas triglyceride content was basically the same in both mouse strains. It is known that glucocorticoids, PPAR and RXR play crucial role in transcription regulation of inflammation response. Therefore our data allow to suggest that decreased corticosterone level in blood, PPAR and RXR mRNA content in liver of the DD strain may lead to induction of inflammation by OAT exposure, resulting in a high incidence of tumorigenesis in this strain.