Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
A generalization of the Pokrovskii-Vinogradov model for flows of solutions and melts of incompressible viscoelastic polymeric media to the case of nonisothermic flows in an infinite plane channel under the effect of a magnetic field is considered. A formal asymptotic representation is derived for the eigenvalues of the linearized problem (the basic solution is an analogue of the Poiseuille flow of a viscous fluid in the Navier-Stokes model) as their absolute value increases. A necessary condition for the asymptotic stability of an analogue of the Poiseuille shear flow is deduced. Bibliography: 22 titles.
The absence of comparable epidemiological data challenges the correct estimation of the prevalence of congenital hearing loss (HL) around the world. Sign language (SL) is known as the main type of communication of deaf people. We suggest that the distribution of SL can be interpreted as an indirect indicator of the prevalence of congenital HL. Since a significant part of congenital HL is due to genetic causes, an assessment of the distribution of SL users can reveal regions with an extensive accumulation of hereditary HL. For the first time, we analyzed the data on the distribution of SL users that became available for the total population of Russia by the 2010 census. Seventy-three out of 85 federal regions of Russia were ranked into three groups by the 25 th and 75 th percentiles of the proportion of SL users: 14 regions—“low proportion”; 48 regions—“average proportion”; and 11 regions—“high proportion”. We consider that the observed uneven prevalence of SL users can reflect underlying hereditary forms of congenital HL accumulated in certain populations by specific genetic background and population structure. At least, the data from this study indicate that the highest proportions of SL users detected in some Siberian regions are consistent with the reported accumulation of specific hereditary HL forms in indigenous Yakut, Tuvinian and Altaian populations.
Background Eastern European countries have some of the highest rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, much of which cannot be adequately accounted for by conventional CVD risk factors. Psychosocial and socioeconomic factors may affect risk of CVD, but relatively few studies on this issue have been undertaken in Eastern Europe. We investigated whether various psychosocial factors are associated with CVD mortality independently from each other and whether they can help explain differences in CVD mortality between Eastern European populations.

Methods Participants were from the Health, Alcohol and Psychological factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) cohort study in Russia, Poland and the Czech Republic, including a total of 20,867 men and women aged 43–74 years and free of CVD at baseline examination during 2002–2005. Participants were followed-up for CVD mortality after linkage to national mortality registries for a median of 7.2 years.

Results During the follow-up, 556 participants died from CVD. After mutual adjustment, six psychosocial and socioeconomic factors were associated with increased risk of CVD death: unemployment, low material amenities, depression, being single, infrequent contacts with friends or relatives. The hazard ratios [HRs] for these six factors ranged between 1.26 [95% confidence interval 1.14–1.40] and 1.81 [95% confidence interval 1.24–2.64], fully adjusted for each other, and conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Population-attributable fractions ranged from 8% [4%–13%] to 22% [11%–31%] for each factor, when measured on average across the three cohorts. However, the prevalence of psychosocial and socioeconomic risk factors and their HRs were similar between the three countries. Altogether, these factors could not explain why participants from Russia had higher CVD mortality when compared to participants from Poland/Czech Republic. Limitations of this study include measurement error that could lead to residual confounding; and the possibilities for reverse causation and/or unmeasured confounding from observational studies to lead to associations that are not causal in nature. Conclusions Six psychosocial and socioeconomic factors were associated with cardiovascular mortality, independent of each other. Differences in mortality between cohorts from Russia versus Poland or Check Republic remained unexplained.
This paper presents the first numerical and experimental investigation into the angular spectrum of terahertz Bessel beam with orbital angular momentum generated by a phase plate with spiral zones. The plate was exposed to a Gaussian beam of the Novosibirsk free electron laser. The Bessel beam formed was passed through a collecting lens. The distribution of the intensity of radiation with a wavelength of 141 microns before and after the focusing lens was recorded by a microbolometer array, which was moved along the optical axis by a motorized translation stage. The experimentally measured intensity distributions over the beam cross section recorded along the optical axis are in good agreement with numerical calculations.
High temperature annealing of thick (40–100 nm) Ge layers deposited on Si(100) at ∼400 °C leads to the formation of continuous films prior to their transformation into porous-like films due to dewetting.

The evolution of Si-Ge composition, lattice strain, and surface morphology caused by dewetting is analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, Raman, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies.

The Raman data reveal that the transformation from the continuous to porous film proceeds through strong Si-Ge interdiffusion, reducing the Ge content from 60% to about 20%, and changing the stress from compressive to tensile. We expect that Ge atoms migrate into the Si substrate occupying interstitial sites and providing thereby the compensation of the lattice mismatch. Annealing generates only one type of radiative recombination centers in SiGe resulting in a PL peak located at about 0.7 and 0.8 eV for continuous and porous film areas, respectively. Since annealing leads to the propagation of threading dislocations through the SiGe/Si interface, we can tentatively associate the observed PL peak to the well-known dislocation-related D1 band.
We investigate the inelastic spin-flip rate for electrons in a quantum dot due to their contact hyperfine interaction with lattice nuclei. In contrast to other works, we obtain a spin-phonon coupling term from this interaction by taking directly into account the motion of nuclei in the vibrating lattice. In the calculation of the transition rate the interference of first and second orders of perturbation theory turns out to be essential. It leads to a suppression of relaxation at long phonon wavelengths, when the confining potential moves together with the nuclei embedded in the lattice. At higher frequencies (or for a fixed confining potential), the zero-temperature rate is proportional to the frequency of the emitted phonon. We address both the transition between Zeeman sublevels of a single electron ground state as well as the triplet-singlet transition, and we provide numerical estimates for realistic system parameters. The mechanism turns out to be less efficient than electron-nuclei spin relaxation involving piezoelectric electron-phonon coupling in a $\mathrm{GaAs}$ quantum dot.
If torsion exists, it generates gravitational four-fermion interaction (GFFI). This interaction gets dominating on the Planck scale.

If one confines to the regular, axial-axial part of this interaction, the results do not comply with the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmology for the spatial flat or closed Universe.

In principle, the anomalous, vector-vector interaction could restore the agreement.
An array of superconducting islands placed on a normal metal film offers a tunable realization of nanopatterned superconductivity. This system enables investigation of the nature of competing vortex states and phase transitions between them.

A square array creates the eggcrate potential in which magnetic field-induced vortices are frozen into a vortex insulator. We observed a vortex insulator-vortex metal transition driven by the applied electric current and determined critical exponents that coincided with those for thermodynamic liquid-gas transition.

Our findings offer a comprehensive description of dynamic critical behavior and establish a deep connection between equilibrium and nonequilibrium phase transitions.
High performance stability of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter is achieved with a procedure including a multi-step calibration. One step of the calibration is based on measurements of the response stability to laser excitation of the PMTs that are used to read out the calorimeter cells. A facility to study the performance of the PMT stability response has been operating in the PISA-INFN laboratories since 2015. Goals of the tests are to study the time evolution of the PMT response in order to reproduce and understand the origin of the response drifts observed with the Tile Calorimeter PMTs during LHC Run I and Run II. A new statistical approach was used to measure the drift of the absolute PMT gain. A new procedure which combines studies of the time evolution of the global PMT responses and of the individual PMT gains was adopted to derive the evolution of the cathode quantum efficiency. The experimental setup of the Pisa facility and the first results obtained by testing about 30 PMTs are presented.
In young rats, ischemic preconditioning (IPC), which consists of 4 cycles of ischemia and reperfusion alleviated kidney injury caused by 40-min ischemia. However,old rats lost their ability to protect the ischemic kidney by IPC. A similar aged phenotype was demonstrated in 6-month-old OXYS rats having signs of premature aging.

In the kidney of old and OXYS rats, the levels of acetylated nuclear proteins were higher than in young rats, however, unlike in young rats, acetylation levels in old and OXYS rats were further increased after IPC. In contrast to Wistar rats, age-matched OXYS demonstrated no increase in lysosome abundance and LC3 content in the kidney after ischemia/reperfusion. The kidney LC3 levels were also lower in OXYS, even under basal conditions, and mitochondrial PINK1 and ubiquitin levels were higher, suggesting impaired mitophagy. The kidney mitochondria from old rats contained a population with diminished membrane potential and this fraction was expanded by IPC.

Apparently, oxidative changes with aging result in the appearance of malfunctioning renal mitochondria due to a low efficiency of autophagy. Elevated protein acetylation might be a hallmark of aging which is associated with a decreased autophagy, accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria, and loss of protection against ischemia by IPC.
We report on the first observations of ¯B0→D1(2430)0ω, ¯B0→D1(2420)0ω, and ¯B0→D∗2(2460)0ω decays. The ¯B0→D*+ρ(1450)− decay is also observed. The branching fraction measurements are based on (771.6±10.6)×106 B¯B events collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. The fractions of longitudinal polarization of the D** states as well as partial wave fractions of the D1(2430)0 are obtained. We also set a 90% confidence level upper limit for the product of branching fractions of B(¯B0→D*+b1(1235)−)×B(b1(1235)−→ωπ−). The measurements show evidence of nontrivial final-state interaction phases for the ρ-meson-like amplitudes.6 MoreReceived 13 May 2015DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.92.012013© 2015 American Physical Society
We use 772×10^6 B B̄ meson pairs collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector to measure the branching fraction for B̄ → X_s γ.

Our measurement uses a sum-of-exclusives approach in which 38 of the hadronic final states with strangeness equal to +1, denoted by X_s, are reconstructed.

The inclusive branching fraction for M_X_s < 2.8 GeV/c², which corresponds to a minimum photon energy of 1.9 GeV, is measured to be B(B̄ → X_s γ) = (3.51±0.17±0.33)×10⁻⁴, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.
Stress is an essential part of everyday life. The neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH, also called CRF and corticoliberin) plays a key role in the integration of neuroendocrine, autonomic and behavioral responses to stress. The activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) by neurons of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN), the primary site of synthesis CRH, triggers stress reactions. In addition to the hypothalamus, CRH is widespread in extrahypothalamic brain structures, where it functions as a neuromodulator for coordination and interaction between the humoral and behavioral aspects of a stress response.

The axons of neurons expressing CRH are directed to various structures of the brain, where the neuropeptide interacts with specific receptors (CRHR1, CRHR2) and can affect various mediator systems that work together to transmit signals to different brain regions to cause many reactions to stress.

Moreover, the effect of stress on brain functions varies from behavioral adaptation to increased survival and increased risk of developing mental disorders. Disturbances of the CRH system regulation are directly related to such disorders: mental pathologies (depression, anxiety, addictions), deviations of neuroendocrinological functions, inflammation, as well as the onset and development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, the role of CRH as a regulator of the neurons structure in the areas of the developing and mature brain has been established. To date, studies have been conducted in which CRHR1 is a target for antidepressants, which are, in fact, antagonists of this receptor. In this regard, the study of the participation of the CRH system and its receptors in negative effects on hormone-dependent systems, as well as the possibility of preventing them, is a promising task of modern physiological genetics. In this review, attention will be paid to the role of CRH in the regulation of response to stress, as well as to the involvement of extrahypothalamic CRH in pathophysiology and the correction of mental disorders.
ВВЕДЕНИЕ БАКТЕРИОФАГА MU В AZOTOBACTER CHROOCOCCUM И МЕЖРОДОВОЙ ПЕРЕНОС ГЕНОВ, ОБУСЛОВЛЕННЫЙ ПЛАЗМИДОЙ RP4 : : MU А. С. Расчинкина, Н. А. Троицкий, Л
The fourth chromosome smallest in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster differs from other chromosomes in many ways. It has high repeat density in conditions of a large number of active genes. Gray bands represent a significant part of this polytene chromosome. Specific proteins including HP1a, POF, and dSETDB1 establish the epigenetic state of this unique chromatin domain. In order to compare maps of localization of genes, bands, and chromatin types of the fourth chromosome, we performed FISH analysis of 38 probes chosen according to the model of four chromatin types. It allowed clarifying the dot chromosome cytological map consisting of 16 loose gray bands, 11 dense black bands, and 26 interbands. We described the relation between chromatin states and bands. Open aquamarine chromatin mostly corresponds to interbands and it contains 5′UTRs of housekeeping genes. Their coding parts are embedded in gray bands substantially composed of lazurite chromatin of intermediate compaction. Polygenic black bands contain most of dense ruby chromatin, and also some malachite and lazurite. Having an accurate map of the fourth chromosome bands and its correspondence to physical map, we found that DNase I hypersensitivity sites, ORC2 protein, and P–elements are mainly located in open aquamarine chromatin, while element 1360, characteristic of the fourth chromosome, occupies band chromatin types. POF and HP1a proteins providing special organization of this chromosome are mostly located in aquamarine and lazurite chromatin. In general, band organization of the fourth chromosome shares the features of the whole Drosophila genome.
This article studies the Gospel quotations in the description of the history of the XII century Kievan rule in two compillations of East Slavic chronicles.

An important problem concerning the principles of representing historical reality in a literary and historical narration is studied through the example of the XII century Kiev cronicle (compiled by hegumen Moisei (Moses)), which is interpreted as the author's text. Images of the princes created by the purposeful selection of certain literary means by the author, among which the Gospel quotes and reminiscences play the main role, provided moral accents in the stories about different episodes of almost a century-long history of Russia. It was how hegumen Moisei sought to prove legality of inheritance of the grand prince throne by Rurik Rostislavich, the great-grandson of Vladimir of Monomakh, to whom the chronicle is devoted in general.

In the Nikon Chronicle, a massive chronicle compilation of the XVI century, images of the same princes as well as the history of the great Kievan rule are presented differently. In some of the plots the Gospel presentations add some strokes to the images of princes, while leading to the loss of 'topical character' typical for the hegumen Moisei's Cronicle.
The concept of risk factors is generally recognized on the basis of the results of epidemiological studies in the 20th century; according to this concept, the high prevalence of diseases of the circulatory system is due to lifestyle characteristics and associated risk factors.

The present review deals with the stages of creation, methods of calculation, and the use of a genetic risk score for coronary heart disease in various populations.

An important and relevant task for the healthcare system is to identify the population segments most susceptible to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The level of individual risk of an unfavorable cardiovascular prognosis is determined by genetic factors in addition to lifestyle factors.
Early nomads in the Eurasian steppes since the beginning of the 1st millennium BC played a key role in the formation of the cultural and genetic landscape of populations of a significant part of Eurasia, from Eastern Europe to Eastern Central Asia. Numerous archaeological cultures associated with early nomads have been discovered throughout the Eurasian steppe belt. The Tagar archaeological culture existed in the Minusinsk basin (Sayan Mountains, Southern Siberia, Russia) in the northeastern periphery of the Eurasian steppe belt from the 8th to 1st century BC during the pre-Scythian, Scythian, and Early Xiongnu-Sarmatian periods.

In this study, we evaluated mtDNA diversity in the Tagar population based on representative series (N = 79) belonging to all chronological stages of the culture.

The Tagar population had a mixed mtDNA pool dominated by Western Eurasian haplogroups and subgroups (H, HV6, HV*, I, K, T, U2e, U4, U5a, and U*) and, to a lesser degree, Eastern Eurasian haplogroups (A*, A8, C*, C5, D, G2a, and F1b). The Tagar population showed a similar mtDNA pool structure to those of other Iron Age populations representing the 'Scythian World.' We observed particularly high similarity between the Tagar and Classic Scythians from the North Pontic region. Our results support the assumption that genetic components introduced by Bronze Age migrants from Western Eurasia contributed to the formation of the genetic composition of Scythian period populations in Southern Siberia. Another important component of the Tagar mtDNA pool was autochthonous East Eurasian lineages, some of which (A8 and C4a2a) are potential markers of the westward genetic influence of the eastern populations of the Scythian period. Our results suggest a genetic continuity (at least partial) between the Early, Middle, and Late Tagar populations.
A challenge of understanding the mechanisms underlying cognition including neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders is mainly given by the potential severity of cognitive disorders for the quality of life and their prevalence. However, the field has been focused predominantly on protein coding variation until recently. Given the importance of tightly controlled gene expression for normal brain function, the goal of the study was to assess the functional variation including non-coding variation in human genome that is likely to play an important role in cognitive functions.

To this end, we organized and utilized available genome-wide datasets from genomic, transcriptomic and association studies into a comprehensive data corpus. We focused on genomic regions that are enriched in regulatory activity-overlapping transcriptional factor binding regions and repurpose our data collection especially for identification of the regulatory SNPs (rSNPs) that showed associations both with allele-specific binding and allele-specific expression. We matched these rSNPs to the nearby and distant targeted genes and then selected the variants that could implicate the etiology of cognitive disorders according to Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS). Next, we use DeSeq 2.0 package to test the differences in the expression of the certain targeted genes between the controls and the patients that were diagnosed bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia. Finally, we assess the potential biological role for identified drivers of cognition using DAVID and GeneMANIA.

As a result, we selected fourteen regulatory SNPs locating within the loci, implicated from GWAS for cognitive disorders with six of the variants unreported previously. Grouping of the targeted genes according to biological functions revealed the involvement of processes such as 'posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression', 'neuron differentiation', 'neuron projection development', 'regulation of cell cycle process' and 'protein catabolic processes'. We identified four rSNP-targeted genes that showed differential expression between patient and control groups depending on brain region: NRAS-in schizophrenia cohort, CDC25B, DDX21 and NUCKS1-in bipolar disorder cohort.Overall, our findings are likely to provide the keys for unraveling the mechanisms that underlie cognitive functions including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia etiopathogenesis.
The Phormidium sp. strain SL48-SHIP genome was obtained from metagenomics sequencing of the microbial mat of Salt Lake No. 48 (54.201806 N, 78.179194 E; Novosibirsk Region, Russia). The sequenced and annotated genome is 4,384,607 bp and encodes 3,807 genes.
The article examines the impact of sanctions on Russian energy sector from theoretical and practical view point. A review of foreign and Russian literature devoted to the positive impact of sanctions on Russian economy in general and in particular on the sector of interest is made. We have revealed contradictory trends that affect production capacity and prices under sanctions.

The tools for production capacity forecast in terms of macroeconomic and geopolitical uncertainty have been developed on the basis of the expert-statistical Bayesian approach. We have developed possible scenarios for petrochemical industry development and forecasted gasoline volume and prices till 2026 considering the expert survey data that was conducted among market participants in 2016.

We have determined the opportunities to support petrochemical industry by the public authorities under sanctions: tax measures (tax remissions to support investment demand out of proceeds of shareholders' interest, due to compensation of the costs associated with this type of expenses, etc.); development of a favorable institutional environment, developed infrastructure, accessible raw materials and technologies.