Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The present paper reports on analysis of flow structure and turbulent transport in swirling flames.

The particle image velocimetry and spontaneous Raman scattering techniques were used for the measurements of 2D velocity and density distributions. The focus was placed on comparison between low- and high-swirl flows.

A pronounced bubble-type vortex breakdown with strong flow precession took place in the latter case.
Using data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider

we measure the energy dependence of the $e^+e^- \to h_b(nP)\pi^+\pi^-$ $(n=1,2)$ cross sections from thresholds up to $11.02\,$GeV. We study the resonant substructure of the $\Upsilon(11020) \to h_b(nP)\pi^+\pi^-$ transitions

We find clear $\Upsilon(10860)$ and $\Upsilon(11020)$ peaks with little or no continuum contribution. We find evidence that they proceed entirely via the intermediate isovector states $Z_b(10610)$ and $Z_b(10650)$. The relative fraction of these states is loosely constrained by the current data: the hypothesis that only $Z_b(10610)$ is produced is excluded at the level of 3.3 standard deviations, while the hypothesis that only $Z_b(10650)$ is produced is not excluded at a significant level.
In this paper, we develop a new method to produce explicit formulas for the number fG(n) of rooted spanning forests in the circulant graphs G = Cn(s1,s2,…,sk) and G = C2n(s1,s2,…,sk,n). These formulas are expressed through Chebyshev polynomials. We prove that in both cases the number of rooted spanning forests can be represented in the form fG(n) = p a(n)2, where a(n) is an integer sequence and p is a certain natural number depending on the parity of n. Finally, we find an asymptotic formula for fG(n) through the Mahler measure of the associated Laurent polynomial P(z) = 2k + 1−∑i = 1k(zsi+z−si).
Here, we report the production of 13C-hyperpolarized ethyl acetate via heterogeneously catalyzed pairwise addition of parahydrogen to vinyl acetate over TiO2-supported rhodium nanoparticles, followed by magnetic field cycling.
An imbalance in the synthesis of ribosomal proteins can lead to the disruption of various cellular processes. For mammalian cells, it has been shown that the level of the eukaryote-specific ribosomal protein eL29, also known as the one interacting with heparin/heparan sulfate, substantially affects their growth. Moreover, in animals lacking this protein, a number of anatomical abnormalities have been observed.

Here, we applied next-generation RNA sequencing to HEK293 cells transfected with siRNAs specific for the mRNA of eL29 to determine what changes occur in the transcriptome profile with a decrease in the level of the target protein.

We showed that an approximately 2.5-fold decrease in the content of eL29 leads to statistically significant changes in the expression of more than a thousand genes at the transcription level, without a noticeable effect on cell viability, rRNA level, and global translation. The set of eL29-dependent genes included both up-regulated and down-regulated ones, among which there are those previously identified as targets for proteins implicated in oncogenesis. Thus, our findings demonstrate that an insufficiency of eL29 in mammalian cells causes a significant reorganization of gene expression, thereby highlighting the relationship between the cellular balance of eL29 and the activities of certain genes.
A statistical combination of searches is presented for massive resonances decaying to WW, WZ, ZZ, WH, and ZH boson pairs in proton-proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The data are taken at centre-of-mass energies of 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to respective integrated luminosities of 19.7 and up to 2.7 inverse femtobarns.

The results are interpreted in the context of heavy vector triplet and singlet models that mimic properties of composite-Higgs models predicting W' and Z' bosons decaying to WZ, WW, WH, and ZH bosons. A model with a bulk graviton that decays into WW and ZZ is also considered.

This is the first combined search for WW, WZ, WH, and ZH resonances and yields lower limits on masses at 95% confidence level for W' and Z' singlets at 2.3 TeV, and for a triplet at 2.4 TeV. The limits on the production cross section of a narrow bulk graviton resonance with the curvature scale of the warped extra dimension k = 0.5, in the mass range of 0.6 to 4.0 TeV, are the most stringent published to date.
Drosophila melanogaster Hsp67Bc is a heat- and cold-inducible small heat shock protein that participates in the prevention of aggregation of misfolded proteins and in macroautophagy regulation. Overexpression of the Hsp67Bc gene has been shown to enhance macroautophagy in Drosophila S2 cells, and the deletion of this gene leads to the formation of a slightly increased number of autophagic vacuoles in the fruit fly brain neurons. Recently, we found that Hsp67Bc-null D. melanogaster flies have poor tolerance to cold stress (0 °C) of various durations.

In the present work, we investigated how the Hsp67Bc gene deletion affects the fitness of fruit flies under normal conditions and their tolerance to elevated temperatures at different developmental stages. Larvae and pupae were not adversely affected by the Hsp67Bc gene deletion, and adult Hsp67Bc-null flies showed an extended lifespan in comparison with the control at normal (24-25 °C) and elevated temperature (29 °C), and after acute heat stress (37 °C, 2 h). At the same time, the fecundity of the mutant females was lower by 6-13 % in all tested environments, except for permanent maintenance at 29 °C, where the mean numbers of eggs laid by the mutant and control flies were equal.

We explain this phenomenon by a reduced number of ovarioles in Hsp67Bc-null females and enhanced macroautophagy in their germaria, which promotes the death of forming egg chambers. In addition, short heat stress (37 °C, 2 h), which increased the control line's longevity (an effect common for a wide range of organisms), had a negative impact on the lifespan of Hsp67Bc-null flies. Therefore, Hsp67Bc-null D. melanogaster have an extended lifespan under normal and elevated temperature conditions, and reduced fecundity and thermal stress tolerance.
We propose a technique for transferring the multiplet spin polarization (CIDNP or PHIP, or one created by any other method), which is the mutual entanglement of spins, into net hyper-polarization with respect to the direction of a high magnetic field by slowly (adiabatically) switching-off a strong external RF-field with a specially selected frequency. The net hyper-polarized molecules can then be used in NMR spectroscopy or imaging for strong signal enhancement.
This paper presents an experimental study on internal waves emitted by a horizontally oscillating torus in a linearly stratified fluid. Two internal wave cones are generated with the kinetic energy focused at the apices of the cones above and below the torus where the wave amplitude is maximal. Their motion is measured via tracking of distortions of horizontal fluorescein dye planes created prior to the experiments and illuminated by a vertical laser sheet. The distortion of the dye planes gives a direct access to the Lagrangian displacement of local wave amplitudes and slopes, and in particular, allows us to calculate a local Richardson number. In addition particle image velocimetry measurements are used. Maximum wave slopes are found in the focal region and close to the surface of the torus. As the amplitude of oscillations of the torus increases, wave profiles in the regions of maximum wave slopes evolve nonlinearly toward local overturning. A theoretical approximation based on the theory of Hurley & Keady ( J. Fluid Mech. , vol. 351, 1997, pp. 119–138) is presented and shows, for small amplitudes of oscillation, a very reasonable agreement with the experimental data. For the focal region the internal wave amplitude is found to be overestimated by the theory. The wave breaking in the focal region is investigated as a function of the Keulegan–Carpenter number, $Ke=A/a$ , with $A$ the oscillation amplitude and $a$ the short radius of the torus. A linear wave regime is found for $Ke<0.4$ , nonlinear effects start at $Ke\approx 0.6$ and breaking for $Ke>0.8$ . For large forcing, the measured wave amplitude normalized with the oscillation amplitude decreases almost everywhere in the wave field, but increases locally in the focal region due to nonlinear effects. Due to geometric focusing the amplitude of the wave increases with $\sqrt{\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}}$ , with $\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}=b/a$ and $b$ is the mean radius of the torus. The relevance of wave focusing due to ocean topography is discussed.
The axially symmetric open mirror trap is considered as a neutron source for the hybrid thorium reactor.

Plasma parameters are optimized in order to achieve the maximum neutron yield in the volume surrounded by the subcritical fuel assembly while meeting the stability criteria. For plasma consisting of equal amounts of deuterium and tritium isotopes, in the fuel assembly region, the neutron yield was found to be 0.6 × 10 17 n/s at an input power of 20 MW, and it will increase to 2.6 × 10 17 n/s if the input power increases two times.

In optimal regimes, the plasma parameters were close to those achieved in experiments at the GDT facility.
Currently, there is an active development of the Uzbek sector of the Internet. In it, as in other national sectors, the most common form of presentation of textual information is semi-structured documents, work that presupposes the availability of reliable algorithms for text analysis, including its lexical characteristics.

The article offers an intelligent web application developed for morphological analysis of words in the Uzbek language. The web application is based on the concept of generation and stem analysis of the Uzbek language word forms. A well-known Porter algorithm was chosen as the basis for stemming. The morphoanalyzer generates word forms of the Uzbek language based on the division of words into certain classes, taking into account the specifics and structure of this language.

For example, nouns can be classified by meaning (related, nominal), by quantity (singular and plural), by case, and also, by the endings of belonging (possessive).
The objective is to improve non-invasive diagnostic algorithm (NDA) to identify food allergy (FA) in infants since their first months of live.

We have done clinical and anamnestic examination and subsequent follow-up of 26 infants aged from 1 week old to 9 months old having admitted with complaints about colics, diarrhea, abdominal distension and skin rashes. Primary screening was performed using CoMiss tool, then anamnesis data was collected according NDA.

FA was diagnosed in 34.6 % of infants due to improved NDA. Case follow-up suggested the presence of FA in 46.1% of patients. The questionnaire showed a high clinical effectiveness and uniqueness, exceeding current alternatives for non-invasive diagnostics of malabsorption syndrome in infants.
The classical version of spontaneous baryogenesis is studied in details. It is shown that the relation between the time derivative of the (pseudo)goldstone field and the baryonic chemical potential essentially depends upon the representation chosen for the fermionic fields with non-zero baryonic number (quarks).

The kinetic equation, used for the calculations of the cosmological baryon asymmetry, is generalized to the case of non-stationary background.

The effects of the finite interval of the integration over time are also included into consideration.
During the 1 st millennium before the Common Era (BCE), nomadic tribes associated with the Iron Age Scythian culture spread over the Eurasian Steppe, covering a territory of more than 3,500 km in breadth. To understand the demographic processes behind the spread of the Scythian culture, we analysed genomic data from eight individuals and a mitochondrial dataset of 96 individuals originating in eastern and western parts of the Eurasian Steppe. Genomic inference reveals that Scythians in the east and the west of the steppe zone can best be described as a mixture of Yamnaya-related ancestry and an East Asian component. Demographic modelling suggests independent origins for eastern and western groups with ongoing gene-flow between them, plausibly explaining the striking uniformity of their material culture. We also find evidence that significant gene-flow from east to west Eurasia must have occurred early during the Iron Age.
Experimental investigations of the influence of coating consist of streamwise slots with different spacing and depth on second mode disturbances in hypersonic boundary layer of the sharp cone at Mach number M∞ = 5.8 are conducted. The experiments show that the second mode disturbances are dumped on the surfaces with slots. It is found out that the maximum amplitude of the second mode versus depth has the nonmonotonic dependence. Minimum of the second mode disturbances amplitude are found for depth h = 0.6 mm for the coatings with slots width w = 0.2 mm and spacing b = 0.4 and 0.8 mm. The coatings consists slots with spacing b = 0.4 mm suppress disturbances better than coatings with b = 1.8 mm. Maximum of the disturbances growth rate on the surface with slots are shifted to the lower frequency. It is shown that surfaces consisting of streamwise slots effectively stabilizes the second mode disturbances, which is the most unstable in the hypersonic boundary layer, and destabilizes perturbations with lower frequencies related to the first mode disturbances.
In 1955, Kotzig proved that every 3-connected planar graph has an edge with the degree sum of its end vertices at most 13, which is tight.An edge uv is of type (i, j) if d(u) ≤ i and d(v) ≤ j.Borodin (1991) proved that every normal plane map contains an edge of one of the types (3, 10), (4, 7), or (5, 6), which is tight.Cole, Kowalik, and Škrekovski (2007) deduced from this result by Borodin that Kotzig's bound of 13 is valid for all planar graphs with minimum degree δ at least 2 in which every d-vertex, d ≥ 12, has at most d -11 neighbors of degree 2.We give a common extension of the three above results by proving for any integer t ≥ 1 that every plane graph with δ ≥ 2 and no d-vertex, d ≥ 11 + t, having more than d -11 neighbors of degree 2 has an edge of one of the following types: (2, 10 + t), (3, 10), (4, 7), or (5, 6), where all parameters are tight.
Two-phase flows of distilled deionized nanofiltered water and nitrogen gas in a microchannel with a height of 50 μm and a width of 10 mm have been investigated experimentally.

The schlieren method has been used to determine main features of the two-phase flow in the microchannel. This method allows detecting the liquid film on the lower and upper walls of the microchannel as well as droplets of various shapes and sizes or vertical liquid bridges. Two-phase flow regimes have been observed, and their boundaries precisely determined using post-processing of the recordings.

The following flow regimes have been distinguished: bubble, churn, jet, stratified and annular. Comparison of regime maps for channels of different widths has been carried out, and this parameter showed to have a significant impact on the boundaries between the regimes in microchannels of a height of less than 100 μm.
The gene of Zinnia elegans L. coding for S-like extracellular ribonuclease (ZRNase II) was used to produce transgenic tobacco plants with an increased ribonuclease activity. The protein-coding part of ZRNase II included the signal peptide sequence so the transgenic protein was located extracellularly. The cDNA of ZRNase II was cloned under the control of 2'-promoter of the mannopine synthase (MAS 2') gene from Ti-plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. It was shown that the resultant transgenic plants had an increased ribonuclease activity of the crude extracts and the induction of MAS 2' promoter by wounding additionally increased the activity. The plants of two transforming lines characterized by different ribonuclease activities were used to analyze the transgene influence on plant resistance to tobacco mosaic virus. The plants demonstrated either absence of disease symptoms or a significant delay in their appearance, depending on the virus content in the inoculum and ribonuclease activity.
Terahertz properties of mercury telluride (HgTe) films with critical thickness are presented and discussed.

The density of the charge carriers is controlled using contact-free optical doping by visible light. In the magneto-optical response of HgTe the contribution of two types of carriers (electrons and holes) can be identified. The density of the electrons can be modified by light illumination by more than one order of magnitude. As the hole density is roughly illumination-independent, the terahertz response of the illuminated samples becomes purely electronic. In some cases, light illumination may switch the qualitative electrodynamic response from hole-like to the electron-like.

The cyclotron mass of the electrons could be extracted from the data and shows a square root dependence upon the charge concentration in the broad range of parameters. This can be interpreted as a clear proof of a linear dispersion relations, i.e. Dirac-type charge carriers.
An extension of a finite volume scheme for three-dimensional Maxwell's equations with discontinuous dielectric permittivity on tetrahedral meshes is discussed.

The scheme is second order accurate in time and space for regions with linear and curvilinear discontinuities. It was tested on problems with linear and curvilinear discontinuity configurations.

The test results support the second order accuracy of the proposed scheme.
Filling the ``terahertz gap'' is a prime technological goal.

In this study, a quantum point contact (QPC) operating in the tunneling regime changes its conductivity by more than two orders of magnitude in response to rather weak THz light. This change, caused by photon-assisted tunneling, shows that QPCs under these conditions are good candidates for detectors of THz and microwave radiation.

Such detector elements do not require antennas, are small, and are easily fabricated by planar technology, and thus can be handily integrated into optoelectronic circuitry.
The concept of a major inhibitory role of serotonin in aggressive behavior is widely accepted by investigators.There was ample evidence that a pharmacologically-induced increase in the serotonin activity attenuates agonistic behavior in animals and that the manipulations inhibiting the brain serotonergic system can elicit aggressiveness in male mice and rats.Repeated experience of aggression in daily agonistic interactions has been shown to reduce serotonin activity in brain of victorious male mice.The study aimed to analyze expression of the serotonergic genes -Tph2, Sert, Maoa and 5ht1a, as well as Bdnf and Creb genes in the midbrain raphe nuclei of male mice with positive fighting experience in daily encounters and male mice with the same track record of aggression followed by two-week no-fight period.It has been shown that mRNA levels of the serotonergic and Creb genes are reduced in the winners in comparison with male mice without consecutive positive fighting experience of aggression.After the fighting deprivation the Tph2, Sert, Bdnf and Creb genes recover their expression while mRNA levels of Maoa and 5ht1a gene proceed at a significantly higher level as compared with the respective controls.Downregulation of serotonergic genes is indicative of the inhibition of serotonergic activity under repeated experience of aggression.Nevertheless, recovering of Tph2 and Sert gene expression and overexpression of Maoa and 5ht1a genes after no-fight period suggest that changes in brain serotonergic activity are not main cause of the behavioral pathology developing in male mice in this experimental context.
Hemorheological disorders in structural and functional parameters of erythrocytes are involved in the pathological process in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

62 subjects (58.7 ± 1.6 years) with type 2 DM diagnosed according to the criteria of the ADA were subdivided into two groups: medium (n = 47) and high (n = 15) risk of microcirculatory disturbances (EASD, 2013). Electric and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes were determined by dielectrophoresis using an electric optical system of cell detection.

The progression of rheological disturbances in the patients with type 2 DM was accompanied by significant decreases in deformation amplitude; dipole moment; polarizability; and membrane capacity; and increases in conductivity, viscosity, rigidity, hemolysis, and formation of aggregates (p < 0.05). Combined use of the parameters increased sensitivity (97.8%) and specificity (86.7%) for diagnosis of rheological disturbances in type 2 DM. The proposed experimental approach possesses low invasiveness, high productivity, shorter duration, vividness of the results. The method allows to evaluate not only local (renal and ocular) but also systemic status of microcirculation using more than 20 parameters of erythrocytes.
The paper presents one-dimensional problems of dusty gas dynamics on plane acoustic wave propagation. In the fist problem the dusty gas is considered as polydisperse medium with a zero-volume dust fraction. In the second problem the dusty gas is a monodisperse medium with particles that occupy finite volume. For both problems, dispersion relations are obtained. Then a limiting case when a velocity relaxation time between particles and gas tends to zero is considered. This case corresponds to mixtures with fine dust when intense interaction between phases takes place. For this limiting case expressions for the phase velocity are derived. Moreover, we present formulas for generating particular solutions of corresponding linearized problems. These solutions are intended to be used as a standard in the study of asymptotic, dispersive and dissipative properties of numerical methods. Program codes for generating such solutions are published and available for download.
This paper aims at the experimental study of the flow characteristics of the ethanol- nitrogen mixture in vertical and horizontal channels. The 95% ethanol and nitrogen were used as working liquid and gas accordingly in slit rectangular microchannel with cross-section of 200 × 2000 μm and in a circular channel with ID=2.2 mm. The hydraulic focusing and T-shape mixers were used for gas-liquid flow formation. Experimental data were obtained using highspeed visualization, laser scanning, μLIF, and PLIF methods. Using method μLIF the nonuniform thickness of the liquid film was obtained at the cross-section of the rectangular microchannel. For the circular channel, the measurements of the local film thickness using the PLIF method confirmed accordance of the experimental data with Taylor law.
In this paper Anomalous Extraordinary Transmission (ET) is reported for s-polarization of low loss doubly periodic subwavelength hole arrays patterned on polypropylene (PP) substrates by conventional contact photolithography at the so-called THz-gap (1-10 THz).The unexpected enhanced transmittance for s-polarization (i.e.without spoof plasmons) was previously numerically demonstrated in subwavelength slits arrays.However, subsequently no experimental work has been devoted to this unexpected Extraordinary Transmission neither in subwavelength slits nor in subwavelength holes.Here, numerical study and experimental results of the Anomalous ET and the symmetric and antisymmetric transmittance modes associated with the already well-known p-polarization ET are shown alongside a systematically analysis of the frequency peaks as a function of hole size for both incident polarizations.