Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
For the first time, we demonstrate the possibility to generate record-high output radiation power exceeding 1 W in an all-fibre figure-eight mode-locked Yb fibre master oscillator based on non-linear amplifying loop mirror. Generated at the repetition rate of 25 MHz clusters of sub-pulses with duration of no more than 200 fs have envelope width of 23 ps or less. Two typical mode-locked laser regimes with substantially different generation spectra are identified and results of their study presented. Numerical modelling of laser generation in the proposed layout agrees well with the measured experimental data.
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Generalized parton distributions (GPDs) enter QCD factorization theorems for hard exclusive reactions. They encode rich information about hadron partonic structure. We explore a possibility to constrain GPDs in experiments at LHC considering two different exclusive processes: the timelike Compton scattering and the photoproduction of heavy vector mesons.
High-pressure chemistry of organic compounds is a hot topic of modern chemistry.

In this work, basic computational concepts for high-pressure phase transition studies in molecular crystals are described, showing their advantages and disadvantages. The interconnection of experimental and computational methods is highlighted, showing the importance of energy calculations in this field. Based on our deep understanding of methods’ limitations, we suggested the most convenient scheme for the computational study of high-pressure crystal structure changes.

Finally, challenges and possible ways for progress in high-pressure phase transitions research of organic compounds are briefly discussed.
Quantitative characteristics of interaction recombinant TATA-binding protein (TBP) with oligonucleotides identical to natural TATA-containing promoter region genes of mammals are received.

In particular, new experimental data about the importance guanine in 8-th position of the TATA-element for affinity to TBP are received.

The experimental data, testifying that raised maintenance G and С nucleotides in flanks of TATA-element does the contribution to affinity to TBP are received.
The composition of clinopyroxenes is indicative for chemical and physical properties of mantle substrates. In this study, we present the results of Raman spectroscopy examination of clinopyroxene inclusions in natural diamonds (n = 51) and clinopyroxenes from mantle xenoliths of peridotites and eclogites from kimberlites (n = 28). The chemical composition of studied clinopyroxenes shows wide variations indicating their origin in different mantle lithologies. All clinopyroxenes have intense Raman modes corresponding to metal-oxygen translation (~300–500 cm−1), stretching vibrations of bridging O-Si-Obr (ν11~670 cm−1), and nonbridging atoms O-Si-Onbr (ν16~1000 cm−1). The peak position of the stretching vibration mode (ν11) for the studied clinopyroxenes varies in a wide range (23 cm−1) and generally correlates with their chemical composition and reflects the diopside-jadeite heterovalent isomorphism. These correlations may be used for rough estimation of these compounds using the non-destructive Raman spectroscopy technique.
Previous cytological analysis of heterochromatic rearrangements has yielded significant insight into the location and genetic organization of genes mapping to the heterochromatin of chromosomes X, Y, and 2 of Drosophila melanogaster. These studies have greatly facilitated our understanding of the genetic organization of heterochromatic genes. In contrast, the 12 essential genes known to exist within the mitotic heterochromatin of chromosome 3 have remained only imprecisely mapped. As a further step toward establishing a complete map of the heterochomatic genetic functions in Drosophila, we have characterized several rearrangements of chromosome 3 by using banding techniques at the level of mitotic chromosome. Most of the rearrangement breakpoints were located in the dull fluorescent regions h49, h51, and h58, suggesting that these regions correspond to heterochromatic hotspots for rearrangements. We were able to construct a detailed cytogenetic map of chromosome 3 heterochromatin that includes all of the known vital genes. At least 7 genes of the left arm (from l(3)80Fd to l(3)80Fj) map to segment h49–h51, while the most distal genes (from l(3)80Fa to l(3)80Fc) lie within the h47–h49 portion. The two right arm essential genes, l(3)81Fa and l(3)81Fb, are both located within the distal h58 segment. Intriguingly, a major part of chromosome 3 heterochromatin was found to be “empty,” in that it did not contain either known genes or known satellite DNAs.
For the first time Li 2 MoO 4 crystals, including samples enriched with isotope molybdenum-100 ( 100 Mo), were grown by Czochralski technique at low-thermal-gradient conditions (LTG Cz), which allowed obtaining crystals of record size and quality.Dependence between growth rate, growth mechanism and crystal faceting was established.Low temperature tests of the produced Li 2 MoO 4 and Li 2 100 MoO 4 scintillating bolometers have demonstrated high performance of the detectors in terms of energy resolution and particle discrimination ability.Radioactive contamination of the Li 2 MoO 4 and Li 2 100 MoO 4 crystal scintillators produced from selected initial materials after double crystallization was tested in low background underground conditions.The achieved radiopurity level satisfies the requirements of the next generation large scale double beta decay experiments.
SuperKEKB, the next generation B factory, has been constructed in Japan as an upgrade of KEKB. This brand new e+ e- collider is expected to deliver a very large data set for the Belle II experiment, which will be 50 times larger than the previous Belle sample. Both the triggered physics event rate and the background event rate will be increased by at least 10 times than the previous ones, and will create a challenging data taking environment for the Belle II detector. The software system of the Belle II experiment is designed to execute this ambitious plan. A full detector simulation library, which is a part of the Belle II software system, is created based on Geant4 and has been tested thoroughly. Recently the library has been upgraded with Geant4 version 10.1. The library is behaving as expected and it is utilized actively in producing Monte Carlo data sets for various studies. In this paper, we will explain the structure of the simulation library and the various interfaces to other packages including geometry and beam background simulation.
The parameters of the equivalent central dipole calculated using hourly values of the magnetic field elements during 2011: the angular elements transformed to the hourly values of the geographic coordinates of the North magnetic pole and the intensity values transformed to local magnetic constant.

Next step is the calculation of the daily mean values at every hour. This method applied to both current digital data and historical data presented as monthly tables of hourly values. The advantage of method is its ability to show the changes of the magnetic field independently from daily variation. Using of the 'integrate' parameters (the magnetic pole coordinates and local magneto constant) allows detect the regional features of its variations.

The features in the daily values compared with anomalous geological and geophysical events observed in the past and predicted in the near future.
The nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), multiprotein assemblies embedded in the nuclear envelope, conduct nucleo‐cytoplasmic traffic of macromolecules. Mimics of NPCs, called annulate lamellae pore complexes (ALPCs), are usually found in cytoplasmic membranous stacks in oocytes and early embryonic cells. They are believed to constitute storage compartments for excess premade nucleoporins.

To evaluate the extent to which ALPCs store nucleoporins in early embryonic cells we took advantage of syncytial Drosophila embryos, containing both AL and rapidly proliferating nuclei in the common cytoplasm. Electron microscopic morphometric analysis showed that the number of ALPCs did not decrease to compensate for the growing number of NPCs during syncytial development. We performed Western blot analysis to quantify seven different nucleoporins and analyzed their intraembryonal distribution by confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation.

Syncytial embryos contained a large maternally contributed stockpile of nucleoporins. However, even during interphases, only a small fraction of the excess nucleoporins was assembled into ALPCs, whereas the major fraction was soluble and contained at least one phosphorylated nucleoporin. We conclude that in Drosophila embryos ALPCs play only a minor role in storing the excess maternally contributed nucleoporins. Factors that may prevent nucleoporins from assembly into ALPCs are discussed.
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on the ability of the boron-10 (10B) isotope to capture epithermal neutrons, as a result of which the isotope becomes unstable and decays into kinetically active elements that destroy cells where the nuclear reaction has occurred. The boron-carrying compounds—L-para-boronophenylalanine (BPA) and sodium mercaptoundecahydro-closo-dodecaborate (BSH)—have low toxicity and, today, are the only representatives of such compounds approved for clinical trials. For the effectiveness and safety of BNCT, a low boron content in normal tissues and substantially higher content in tumor tissue are required.

This study evaluated the boron concentration in intracranial grafts of human glioma U87MG cells and normal tissues of the brain and other organs of mice at 1, 2.5 and 5 h after administration of the boron-carrying compounds. A detailed statistical analysis of the boron biodistribution dynamics was performed to find a 'window of opportunity' for BNCT.

The data demonstrate variations in boron accumulation in different tissues depending on the compound used, as well as significant inter-animal variation. The protocol of administration of BPA and BSH compounds used did not allow achieving the parameters necessary for the successful course of BNCT in a glioma orthotopic xenograft mouse model.
A total of 2120 nucleotide sequences of the NS5b region of HCV subtype 3a were analysed, including 310 strains derived from former republics of the USSR (Azerbaijan, Estonia, Lithuania, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan).

Among the viral isolates collected from former regions of the Soviet Union, 294 strains formed 3 sustained phylogenetic clusters, with each having a common origin. Phylodynamic analysis demonstrated that the most recent common ancestors of the current strains inside the three clusters were introduced into the USSR population in 1981±1, 1984±2 and 1985±2, respectively (the confidence intervals were calculated using Student's t-distribution, P<0.05).

The time estimation obtained for HCV subtype 3a correlated well with the historical and epidemiological context of this period, and in particular with the start of widespread injection drug use in the USSR in the first half of the 1980s.
In 2019, a comprehensive study of the internal structure of the talus rock glacier in the Dzhelo River valley was carried out (North-Chuya Range). The identification of the internal structure was performed using electrical resistivity tomography and GPR sounding. In order to compare the internal structure of the rock glacier with its surface morphology, we carried out aerial photography and constructed a digital terrain model.

The study revealed that the depth of the rock-ice core varies from 2.5-3 m to 10 m, and the thickness ranges from 7 m to 30 m. The consolidation cores of the rock-ice material are confined to inter-ridge depressions in the rock glacier body. The potential volume of a rock-ice core is 800 thousand m3, which is 53% of the rock glacier total volume, the ice volume in the rock-ice core can be as much as 400 thousand m3.
The amino acid sequence of M.Sse9I was compared with those of other methylases. According to mutual positions of four conservative domains the new enzyme belongs to a subgroup of D12 class. This subgroup includes Sse 9I, Cvi AII, Nl aIII and N-terminal domains of Ll aI, Fok I and Sts I DNA-methyltransferases.

The gene from Sporosarcina species 9D encoding Sse 9I DNA-methyltransferase (M.Sse9I) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant plasmid pMSse-1 contains the M.Sse9I gene 1086 bp in length, corresponding to a protein of 362 amino acid residues. M.Sse9I recognizes the tetranucleotide sequence 5-AATT-3′ and modifies the second adenine within the recognition sequence.

The new enzyme belongs to a subgroup of D12 class. This subgroup includes Sse 9I, Cvi AII, Nl aIII and N-terminal domains of Ll aI, Fok I and Sts I DNA-methyltransferases.
Elaboration of a predictive and well validated kinetic mechanism for combustion of H 2 /CO mixtures is the key to development of advanced technologies for effective syngas burning in power generation systems. Moreover, understanding the combustion chemistry of H 2 /CO mixtures is a prerequisite for a comprehensive description of hydrocarbons chemistry and development of predictive chemical kinetic models for combustion of transportation fuels. In this work we report new experimental data for chemical speciation in the atmospheric pressure burner-stabilized premixed flames diluted with Ar and fuelled with H 2 /CO (1:1) mixture at equivalence ratios of 1 and 2. Flame sampling molecular beam mass spectrometry with soft electron ionization was used to examine the flames. Recent detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms for syngas combustion available from literature were used to simulate the experimental profiles with the CHEMKIN code. A compact kinetic mechanism including 11 species and 16 reactions was elaborated to reproduce the experimental data.
to study biomolecules associated with pathology in the respiratory system, in particular, with the development of chronic bronchitis in patients with abdominal obesity.

This is a pilot study. The main group consisted of 158 people with chronic bronchitis, divided into two subgroups: one with abdominal obesity, and the other without it. The control group consisted of 68 people without chronic bronchitis. We determined the blood levels of SP-A, SP-D, α1-antitrypsin, CC16, PARC, and RELM-β.

In the first subgroup, patients significantly more often complained of coughing, experienced shortness of breath 1.5 times more often with light physical exertion and 2.7 times more often with moderate physical exertion. In these patients, a Tiffeneau-Pinelli index (FEV1/FVC) below 70% was 1.8 times more common, more patients had FEV1 and FVC of less than 80%, and presented a statistically significant decrease in SP-A, α1-antitrypsin, CC16 levels and an increase in PARC levels than in the second subgroup. In patients with chronic bronchitis and abdominal obesity, there is a decrease in the levels of SP-A, α1-antitrypsin, CC16 and an increase in the level of PARC compared with patients without abdominal obesity, which is probably due to the presence of an additional source of chronic inflammation associated with adipose tissue.
During Drosophila spermatogenesis, testis-specific meiotic arrest complex (tMAC) and testis-specific TBP-associated factors (tTAF) contribute to activation of hundreds of genes required for meiosis and spermiogenesis. Intriguingly, tMAC is paralogous to the broadly expressed complex Myb-MuvB (MMB)/dREAM and Mip40 protein is shared by both complexes. tMAC acts as a gene activator in spermatocytes, while MMB/dREAM was shown to repress gene activity in many cell types.

Our study addresses the intricate interplay between tMAC, tTAF, and MMB/dREAM during spermatogenesis. We used cell type-specific DamID to build the DNA-binding profiles of Cookie monster (tMAC), Cannonball (tTAF), and Mip40 (MMB/dREAM and tMAC) proteins in male germline cells. Incorporating the whole transcriptome analysis, we characterized the regulatory effects of these proteins and identified their gene targets.

This analysis revealed that tTAFs complex is involved in activation of achi, vis, and topi meiosis arrest genes, implying that tTAFs may indirectly contribute to the regulation of Achi, Vis, and Topi targets. To understand the relationship between tMAC and MMB/dREAM, we performed Mip40 DamID in tTAF- and tMAC-deficient mutants demonstrating meiosis arrest phenotype. DamID profiles of Mip40 were highly dynamic across the stages of spermatogenesis and demonstrated a strong dependence on tMAC in spermatocytes. Integrative analysis of our data indicated that MMB/dREAM represses genes that are not expressed in spermatogenesis, whereas tMAC recruits Mip40 for subsequent gene activation in spermatocytes. Discovered interdependencies allow to formulate a renewed model for tMAC and tTAFs action in Drosophila spermatogenesis demonstrating how tissue-specific genes are regulated.
The radionuclide composition of the atmospheric precipitations (rain and snow) fell out on the territory of the South of the Western Siberia in 2016-2017 was studied.

It is shown that, the maximum of deposition of 7 Be and 210 Pb were observed in a foothill zone (618 and 171 Bq/m 2 ), the minimum in the Alpine zone (104 and 27 Bq/m 2 ), for the forest-steppe zone these values are 237-340 Bq/m 2 and 73-93 Bq/m 2 . Deposition density of 137 Cs in comparison with 210 Pb and 7 Be is small and does not exceed 1 Bq/m 2 .

Average values of total specific activities of 210 Pb and 7 Be in rain waters are 242 and 2434 mBq/l, in the snowmelt 506 and 1611 mBq/l. 7 Be/ 210 Pb activity ratio in rain waters more than three times higher, than in snowmelt: 10,1 to 3,2. The highest values of 7 Be/ 210 Pb activity ratios are observed in the finest fraction (<0.45 µm) of the suspended matter: 19 in rain and 10 in snowmelt waters.
YUCCA (YUCCA flavin-dependent monooxygenase) is one of the two enzymes of the main auxin biosynthesis pathway (tryptophan aminotransferase enzyme (TAA)/YUCCA) in land plants. The evolutionary origin of the YUCCA family is currently controversial: YUCCAs are assumed to have emerged via a horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from bacteria to the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of land plants or to have inherited it from their ancestor, the charophyte algae. To refine YUCCA origin, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of the class B flavoprotein monooxygenases and comparative analysis of the sequences belonging to different families of this protein class. We distinguished a new protein family, named type IIb flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs), which comprises homologs of YUCCA from Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta, and Charophyta, land plant proteins, and FMO-E, -F, and -G of the bacterium Rhodococcus jostii RHA1. The type IIb FMOs differ considerably in the sites and domain composition from the other families of class B flavoprotein monooxygenases, YUCCAs included. The phylogenetic analysis also demonstrated that the type IIb FMO clade is not a sibling clade of YUCCAs. We have also identified the bacterial protein group named YUC-like FMOs as the closest to YUCCA homologs. Our results support the hypothesis of the emergence of YUCCA via HGT from bacteria to MRCA of land plants.
A theoretical model of internal solitary waves of large amplitude in a weakly stratified fluid is considered. It is assumed that the background density profile depends linearly or exponentially on the fluid depth. It is demonstrated that inverse problem on determining fine-scale structure of the density profile by a known curve of amplitude dispersion is reduced to solving a linear Fredholm integral equation of the first kind having special form of the kernel. The one-to-one correspondence between the density coefficient and the dispersion function is established in the case of analytical stratification.
El Grupo de Asha de los Urales meridionales, inicialmente definido por Albert Olli como complejo sedimentario paleozoico, hace más de medio siglo, fue considerado como una sección clave para el Véndico (Ediacárico) de la vertiente occidental de los Urales meridionales.

Sin embargo, secuencia sedimentaria terrígena de unos 1.700 m de espesor se caracteriza por una biodiversidad inusualmente baja de macrofósiles ediacaranos, lo que podría explicarse por la edad relativamente temprana del grupo y el posible evento de extinción masiva que marca el final del período Ediacárico. La edad relativamente temprana fue confirmada por la datación de 547.6±3.8 Ma obtenida de una toba en la parte inferior de la Formación de Basa, así como por el hallazgo de la iconospecie Didymaulichnus tirasensis en la parte superior de la Formación de Zigan. Sin embargo, en 2018 se ha documentó la aparición masiva de D. tirasensis en la parte más baja de la Formación de Basa.

Por lo tanto, la edad Véndico (Ediacárico) del Grupo de Asha de los Urales meridionales puede ser reconsiderada en favor del Ediacárico terminal-Cámbrico o incluso del Cambrian temprano.
We consider a class of Markov processes with resettings, where at random times, the Markov processes are restarted from a predetermined point or a region. These processes are frequently applied in physics, chemistry, biology, economics, and in population dynamics.

In this paper, we establish the local large deviation principle (LLDP) for the Wiener processes with random resettings, where the resettings occur at the arrival time of a Poisson process.

Here, at each resetting time, a new resetting point is selected at random, according to a conditional distribution.
The accumulation of human capital is an important factor of economic growth. It seems to be useful to include «human capital» as a factor of a macroeconomic model, as it helps to take into account the quality differentiation of the workforce. Most of the models usually distinguish labor force by the levels of education, while some of the factors remain unaccounted. Among them are health status and culture development level, which influence productivity level as well as gross product reproduction.

Inclusion of the human capital block to the interindustry model can help to make it more reliable for economic development forecasting. The article presents a mathematical description of the extended dynamic input-output model (DIOM) with a human capital block. The extended DIOM is based on the Input-Output Model from The KAMIN system (the System of Integrated Analyses of Interindustrial Information) developed at the Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the Russian Federation and at the Novosibirsk State University.

The extended input-output model can be used to analyze and forecast development of Russian economy.
Динамика распределения размеров нестоличных городов России в постсоветский период
A method for circular e$^-$/e$^+$ accelerator beam energy measurement is proposed. Coordinate of an electron (or a positron) in a focusing magnetic spectrometer built in a circular accelerator depends on its energy, two spectrometer parameters, and the circulating beam energy.

The spectrometer parameters can be defined using minimum electron energies from Compton backscattering with two laser wavelengths, and an additional photon coordinate detector. The photon detector is calibrated at once at well-known beam energy. The VEPP-4M collider has appropriate equipment for the method implementation: built-in focusing magnetic spectrometer, Compton calibration system with two lasers and a photon coordinate detector.

Thus, the proposed technique could be implemented with minimum efforts; tests and further upgrade are planned. The beam energy can be defined with expected uncertainty better than $10^{-4}$.