Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The global visual wave observations are reanalyzed within the theoretical concept of self‐similar wind‐driven seas. The core of the analysis is one‐parametric dependencies of wave height on wave period. Theoretically, wind‐driven seas are governed by power‐like laws with exponents close to Toba's one 3/2 while the corresponding swell exponent (−1/2) has an opposite signature.

This simple criterion was used and appeared to be adequate to the problem of swell and wind‐driven waves discrimination. This theoretically based discrimination does not follow exactly the Voluntary Observing Ship (VOS) data. This important issue is considered both in the context of methodology of obtaining VOS data and within the physics of wind waves.

The results are detailed for global estimates and for analysis of particular areas of the Pacific Ocean. Prospects of further studies are discussed. In particular, satellite data are seen to be promising for tracking ocean swell and for studies of physical mechanisms of its evolution.
Two lines of transgenic carrot plants producing Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteins (ESAT6 and CFP10) have been constructed.

The target proteins are present in carrot storage roots at a level not less than 0.056% of the total storage protein (TSP) for ESAT6 and 0.002% of TSP for CFP10. As has been shown, oral immunization of mice induces both the cell-mediated and humoral immunities.

These data suggest that the proteins in question are appropriate as a candidate edible vaccine against tuberculosis.
The results of numerical simulations of the propagation of the shock wave in a cylindrical shock tube of large length are presented. The results of the numerical computations agree well with the experimental data of Duff. The effects of viscous friction and heat conduction cause significant difference of the shock wave velocity from its inviscid theoretical value. The results of the computations at the considered flow parameters show that the shock wave and the contact surface, starting from a certain moment of time, propagate with equal speeds.
Quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) is a key phenomenon for low power-consumption device applications owing to its dissipationless spin-polarized and quantized current in the absence of an external magnetic field. However, the recorded working temperature of the QAHE is still very low.

Here we systematically investigate the magnetic dopants induced modifications from the view points of magnetic, structural and electronic properties and the ultrafast carrier dynamics in a series of V-doped Sb 2 Te 3 samples of composition Sb 2− x V x Te 3 with x = 0, 0.015 and 0.03. Element specific x-ray magnetic circular dichroism signifies that the ferromagnetism of V-doped Sb 2 Te 3 is governed by the p – d hybridization between the host carrier and the magnetic dopant. Time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy excited with mid-infrared pulses has revealed that the V impurity induced states underlying the topological surface state (TSS) add scattering channels that significantly shorten the duration of transient surface electrons down to the 100 fs scale.

This is in a sharp contrast to the prolonged duration reported for pristine samples though the TSS is located inside the bulk energy gap of the host in either magnetic or non-magnetic cases. It implies the presence of a mobility gap in the bulk energy gap region of the host material that would work toward the robust QAHE. Our findings shed light on the material design for low-energy-consuming device applications.
The article presents the results of the correlation and cluster analysis of the relationship of grain productivity with morphobiological and agronomic traits in the breeding of forage spring hexaploid triticale varieties. Evaluation of the matrix of paired phenotypic correlations made it possible to determine the elements of the yield structure necessary to increase the efficiency of selection for individual traits and increase plant productivity. The results of many years of research made it possible to identify agronomic valuable samples of spring triticale. These samples are of interest as a starting material for practical breeding in the West Siberian region.
The identification of a protein from human cell extract which specifically interacts with the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site in the partial DNA duplex containing 5'-and 3'-dangling ends (DDE-AP DNA) and mimicking clustered DNA damage.

The Schiff base-dependent cross-linking of a protein to AP DNA (borohydride trapping), MALDI-TOF-MS, chromatography, and gel electrophoresis.

The Ku80 subunit of Ku antigen can specifically interact with AP DNA forming the Schiff base-mediated adducts which electrophoretic mobility depends on the structure of DNA ends.The difference in electrophoretic mobility can be caused by the cross-linking of AP DNA to distinct target amino acids that appears to reflect unequal positioning of AP DNAs in the complex with Ku antigen.
By combining machine learning methods and the dispersive Fourier transform we demonstrate, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time the possibility to determine the temporal duration of picosecond-scale laser pulses using a nanosecond photodetector.

A fiber figure of eight lasers with two amplifiers in a resonator was used to generate pulses with durations varying from 28 to 160 ps and spectral widths varied in the range of 0.75–12 nm. The average power of the pulses was in the range from 40 to 300 mW. The trained artificial neural network makes it possible to predict the pulse duration with the mean agreement of 95%.

The proposed technique paves the way to creating compact and low-cost feedback for complex laser systems.
This article presents a study of bound periodically oscillating coherent structures arising on the free surface of deep water. Such structures resemble the well known bi-soliton solution of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation.

The research was carried out in the super-compact Dyachenko-Zakharov equation model for unidirectional deep water waves and the full system of nonlinear equations for potential flows of an ideal incompressible fluid written in conformal variables. The special numerical algorithm that includes a damping procedure of radiation and velocity adjusting was used for obtaining such bound structures.

The results showed that in both nonlinear models for deep water waves after the damping is turned off, a periodically oscillating bound structure remains on the fluid surface and propagates stably over hundreds of thousands of characteristic wave periods without losing energy.
The study of the composition of the Precambrian crystalline complexes raised and exposed along the margins of the North Asian craton allows us characterizing the conditions of formation and clarifying metallogenic typification of the geological structures of various stages of evolution of the lithosphere. Based on these data identification of the promising metallogenic zones and local potentially ore-bearing objects can also be achieved. The goal of the research was to characterize the chemical composition features of geological complexes in the Tyrkanda tectonic zone between the granulite terrains of the Aldan-Stanovoy shield in the south of the North Asian craton. The object is interesting due to the presence of a large number of different types of metamorphic and magmatic rocks. Complex geological structures with numerous stages of intensive ductile and brittle deformations of various kinematics are observed. As a part of the research for the rocks of the zone, the petrographic observation was done and chemical composition was studied. Characteristics and typification of rocks were carried out. Reconstruction of the primary (premetamorphic) types of rocks was performed using the methods of Predovsky and Neelov. A cluster analysis of geochemical data was performed. The excess of background concentrations of chemical elements in clusters was calculated. According to the calculation results, metamorphosed ultramafic and mafic rocks of tholeiitic magmatic series form a single cluster. These rocks are richer with indicator elements for diamond and precious metals. A short description of the probable types of mineralization in these rocks was provided. The most promising for precious metals surrounding areas was determined.
The word survive has two meanings: one, more heroic and romantic, refers to the idea of being able to succeed in life better than the others; on the other hand, another concept that can be associated to the word survive is more related to the ability to make a living out of scarce resources.Both meanings can be applied to academic life nowadays.This communication will explore the obstacles and pitfalls that can be encountered during the early stages of an academic career.Some examples will be discussed of different situations found in different countries, and gender issues will be analyzed.The importance of networking will be highlighted.
More than half of the world’s population currently lives in cities. An essential constituent of future sustainable cities is energy efficient and ecologically sound buildings which ensure high levels of comfort and convenience without reducing the standards of living. At present, a significant part of primary fossil fuels is spent for heating/cooling of buildings, thus, greatly contributing to total GHG emissions.

In this paper, typical heat losses in dwellings are considered taking the United Kingdom and the Russian Federation as examples. The role of adsorption-based technologies for more rational use of heat in buildings is discussed. Fundamentals of inter-seasonal adsorptive heat storage (AHS) are briefly considered. A tentative upper limit of the AHS storage density is estimated. Current practice of inter-seasonal AHS and novel smart adsorbents promising for this emerging technology are overviewed. Since a portion of the heat losses in ventilation system significantly increases in modern buildings, a new approach to regenerating heat and moisture in this system is discussed.

Finally, optimization trends of the AHS in buildings are briefly considered.
We consider one-dimensional Burgers equation driven by large-scale white-in-time random force. The tails of the velocity gradients probability distribution function (PDF) are analyzed by saddle point approximation in the path integral describing the velocity statistics. The structure of the saddle-point (instanton), that is, the velocity field configuration realizing the maximum of probability, is studied numerically in details. The numerical results allow us to find analytical solution for the long-time part of the instanton. Its careful analysis confirms the result of Balkovsky et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 1452 (1997)] based on short-time estimations that the left tail of PDF has the form ln P(u(x))infinity-/u(x)/(3/2).
Environmental issues and, above all, issues related to the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, such as coal bed methane, actualize the challenge of searching a variety of options for its disposal. The difference in the macroeconomic, industrial, geological and infrastructural features determine the need to choose the most cost-effective option for using of methane emitted from the coal deposits. Various economic ways to improve the profitability of production are viewed on the basis of the analysis of methane production project from Kuzbass coal deposits, Kemerovo region, Russia.
The article analyzes the economic and political rights of the local nobility of the Baltic territories in Sweden, when the region gradually lost its independence and the differences between local and Central government were eliminated, which deprived it of the potential for developing its own statehood.

It is emphasized that the accession of the Baltic States by Peter I secured their administrative management under the previous legislation for local authorities, while the 'Accord points' should be attributed to the traditional agreement of subjects and the monarch for the era. It is revealed how Catherine II's reform of the internal administration of the region created the beginning of the practice of final elimination of the medieval 'liberties' of the Baltic States.

At the same time, the administrative and judicial institutions of the center were recognized as public authorities, private law was preserved, and the 'rights and liberties' that were preserved did not have the potential for Autonomous fuction. The author asserts the position that with the publication of the Code of 1845 before existing privileges continued to act, however, revealed their differences in action of separate norms were allowed on the basis of General law, since Arch was established that the exception is the effect of local law and the General rule of higher legal force of state law.
Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью расширения ресурсной базы полезных ископаемых, в том числе и золота. Крупные ареалы щелочного магматизма, такие как Алдано-Становой щит, представляют особый интерес, так как часто со щелочными породами ассоциируют золоторудные месторождения, в том числе крупные и гигантские. Верхнеамгинский массив расположен в Верхнеамгинском рудном районе Алдано-Станового щита, который, в свою очередь, входит в состав Чаро-Алданской металогенетической зоны, протянувшейся более чем на 700 км с запада на восток. Характерной особенностью Верхнеамгинкого рудного района является его приуроченность к Амгинской субмеридиональной структурной зоне тектонического меланжа, отделяющей Центрально-Алданский составной террейн с востока от расположенных к западу и югу от нее соответственно Западно-Алданского и Тындинского составных террейнов. Цели: определить основные типы магматических пород Верхнеамгинского массива, изучить особенности строения и состава и выяснить время внедрения различных фаз массива; сравнить полученные результаты с имеющимися геохронологическими данными по мезозойскому магматизму Алданского щита. Методы: петрографические исследования и 40Ar/39Ar датирование методом ступенчатого прогрева по монофракциям флогопитов. Результаты. В результате петрографических исследований показано, что основные фазы мезозойского щелочного магматизма в пределах Верхнеамгинского массива представлены лейкократовыми сиенитами и дайками мезократовых лампрофиров (минетт). Результаты 40Ar/39Ar датирования показали, что образование массива происходило в несколько этапов: (1) 129,1±2,5 млн лет внедрение сиенитов; (2) 117,7±3,4 млн лет внедрение даек лампрофиров. Мезозойский магматизм, проявленный в Верхнеамгинском районе показывает сходные возрастные рубежи с магматическими процессами, проявленными на Алданском щите в мезозойскую эпоху.
We report results on time-dependent $CP$ asymmetries in $B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ensuremath{\mp}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ decays based on a data sample containing $657\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance. We use a partial reconstruction technique, wherein signal $B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ensuremath{\mp}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ events are identified using information only from the fast pion from the $B$ decay and the slow pion from the subsequent decay of the ${D}^{*\ensuremath{\mp}}$, where the former (latter) corresponds to ${D}^{*+}({D}^{*\ensuremath{-}})$ final states. We obtain $CP$ violation parameters ${S}^{+}=+0.061\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.018\text{ }(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.012\text{ }(\mathrm{syst})$ and ${S}^{\ensuremath{-}}=+0.031\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.019\text{ }(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.015\text{ }(\mathrm{syst})$.
We perform Large-eddy simulations (LES) of an annular swirling turbulent jet within the range of the swirl parameter S = 0.3 − 0.6. The Reynolds number based on the bulk velocity and its outer diameter is 8900 and the ratio of the outer to inner diameter is 2.

The analysis shows that the region around the stagnation point in the end of the recirculation zone has a high level of turbulent fluctuations.

For low swirl numbers the recirculation zone induced by the bluff body represents a toroidal vortex with a second reverse-flow region further downstream being strongly unsteady. With the increase of S these two regions are still present with the formation of a double helix coherent structure while for S = 0.6 a single helical structure typical for vortex-breakdown regime is observed.
The level of polyteny of the Drosophila salivary gland chromosomes was determined throughout the chromosome region 89E1-4, the locus of the Bithorax Complex. A zone of underreplication spans the 300 kb of DNA from the Ubx to Abd-B loci. From the centromere proximal end of the complex, a 70-kb-long gradual decrease of polytenization starts with the Ubx transcription unit and, after a floor corresponding to the abd-A locus, raises gradually back to the maximum over 70 kb in the region of the Abd-B transcription unit. In flies carrying the mutation Suppressor of DNA Underreplication [Su(UR)ES], the underreplication of the Bithorax Complex is fully suppressed. In the wild type, the Bithorax Complex forms a weak point featuring thinner bands separated by clefts or constrictions. In Su(UR)ES strain in contrast, the 89E1-4 band looks like a single solid band consisting of homogenous dense material. We speculate that the wild-type Su(UR)ES protein hampers DNA replication of silenced domains and leads to their underreplication in salivary gland polytene chromosomes.
Microsymposia intercalated Na1-xCoO2-x, spin-state transitions of the Co 3+ ion in LaCoO3, a metal-insulator (MI) accompanied by structural transition in LnBaCo2O5.5 (where Ln is a rare earth).

We present our recent results on crystal growth of cobaltites: La1-xSrxCoO3 and LnBaCo2O5+x using Optical Travelling Solvent Floating Zone method.The crystals were studied by different techniques and some of results will be discussed.A very small Sr doping level (0.2%) drastically changes magnetic properties of La1-xSrxCoO3 as found using inelastic neutron scattering and magnetisation measurements.

This can be explained assuming that the slight hole doping in LaCoO3 matrix creates magnetic polarons, which leads to a spin-state transition of Co 3+ .On the background of the spin-state and orbitalordering transitions of the Co 3+ ion in LnBaCo2O5+x, the system shows a metal-insulator transition accompanied by structural one at temperatures above room temperature, three different magnetic phases below room temperature and a structural transition at temperature above MI transition.All these properties can be tuned by a kind of the rare earth ion and oxygen stoichiometry.Structural, magnetic and transport studies of layered cobaltites LnBaCo2O5.5 (Ln=Tb, Nd) especially near metal-insulator transition will be presented.
The analysis is based on a data sample of $711\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, containing $772\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}\text{ }\text{ }B\overline{B}$ events, recorded at the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider.

We present a measurement of ${R}_{{K}^{*}}$, the branching fraction ratio $\mathcal{B}(B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{*}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}})/\mathcal{B}(B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{*}{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}})$, for both charged and neutral $B$ mesons. The ratio for the charged case ${R}_{{K}^{*+}}$ is the first measurement ever performed. In addition, we report absolute branching fractions for the individual modes in bins of the squared dilepton invariant mass ${q}^{2}$.

The obtained results are consistent with standard model expectations.
We have made the first observation of B(s)(0)→D(s)(*)+ D(s)(*)- decays using 23.6 fb(-1) of data recorded by the Belle experiment running on the Υ(5S) resonance. The branching fractions are measured to be B(B(s)(0)→D(s)+ D(s)-)=(1.03(-0.32-0.25)(+0.39+0.26))%, B(B(s)(0)→D(s)(*±) D(s)(∓))=(2.75(-0.71)(+0.83)±0.69)%, and B(B(s)(0)→D(s)*+ D(s)*-)=(3.08(-1.04-0.86)(+1.22+0.85))%; the sum is B[B(s)(0)→D(s)(*)+ D(s)(*)-]=(6.85(-1.30-1.80)(+1.53+1.79))%. Assuming B(s)(0)→D(s)(*)+ D(s)(*)- saturates decays to CP-even final states, the branching fraction determines the ratio ΔΓ(s)/cosφ, where ΔΓ(s) is the difference in widths between the two B(s)-B(s) mass eigenstates, and φ is a CP-violating weak phase. Taking CP violation to be negligibly small, we obtain ΔΓ(s)/Γ(s)=0.147(-0.030)(+0.036)(stat)(-0.041)(+0.042)(syst), where Γ(s) is the mean decay width.
One of the highly debatable issue of the Altai Pleistocene paleogeography is the chronology and extension of the last ice-dammed lakes.

For the first time paleontological, mineralogical characteristics, and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages for lacustrine deposits confirm accumulation of ice-dammed lake with depth at least 170 m in Kurai basin at the end of the Late Pleistocene - 16-19 ka.

New data provide information about the ecology and evolution of this Sartan reservoir. Draining of this lake less affected the topography in comparison with earlier cataclysmic glacier-lakes outburst floods. Nevertheless, the lake controlled human settlement of the basin in the Late Paleolithic. Drying of this reservoir defined formation of the modern hydrological network, including flowing of the Chuya River along the steep gorge between the Maashey and Belgibash mouths. New data evidence for significant difference in evolution of the Kurai-Chuya system of intermountain depressions and Uimon basin at the end of the Late Pleistocene.
Efficient aggregation-induced-phosphorescent-emission (AIPE) of an ionic Ir(iii) complex occurs when the counterion (PF6−) is exchanged specifically by ClO4−in aqueous media. As a result, a rapid, highly selective “turn-on” phosphorescent response to ClO4−is observed in aqueous media.
Decisions on transport routes are more influenced by the weight, trust of experts, geostrategists, various government agencies, think-centers, etc., as well as the information field that is formed as this topic is covered in the media, including on the Internet. space.

The statement of the problem and the formalization of the multi-agent system was carried out on the example of transport projects in Central and Central Asia. The article provides a formalized model and characteristics of the role of individual elements of the environment and the agents themselves.

The paper deals with the development of multi-agent systems to support the implementation of projects of transcontinental highways.