Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Introduction. Patients with brain tumors are at increased risk for the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The most effective prevention method today is a combination of mechanical compression of the lower extremities and the introduction of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). In 2018, an algorithm for the prevention of VTE was introduced in our clinic, which implies the early (in the first 48 h after surgery) administration of LMWH. The study objective is to assess the effect of early LMWH administration on the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) after removal of brain tumors. Materials and methods. From January 2014 to December 2019, 3266 patients underwent removal of brain tumors. The group 1 included 2057 patients who were treated in the period before the introduction of the VTE prevention algorithm (2014– 2017), the group 2 included 1209 patients who were treated using this algorithm (2018–2019). In each of the groups, the frequency and timing of ICH were assessed. The severity of complications was assessed according to the F.A.L. Ibanez classification. The data were compared between groups 1 and 2, as well as between patients who received LMWH at the time of ICH and those who did not receive. Results. Patients of the group 1 were prescribed LMWH in 14.3 % of cases, on average on the 4th day after surgery. In this group, 26 (1.26 %) patients developed ICH. Patients of the group 2 were prescribed LMWH in 89 % of cases, on average on the 2nd day. In this group, 15 (1.24 %) patients developed ICH. Severe complications were in 6 (85.7 %) of 7 patients who received LMWH at the time of ICH, and in 25 (73.5 %) of 34 patients who did not receive LMWH ( p = 0.66). Conclusion. The widespread use of LMWH for the prevention of VTE during the first 48 h after removal of brain tumors did not lead to an increase in the frequency of ICH. At the same time, patients with ICH who developed during the use of LMWH often had a more severe clinical course.
This paper reports on the investigation of combustion features of turbulent swirling methane/air and synthesis gas/air flames via using modern CFD-approaches. For methane/air mixture the equivalence ratio Φ was 0.7 which is near to the lean blow off limit. Two regimes with 1:1 and 1:2 ratios of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the fuel mixture have been considered for synthesis gas combustion. For validation of numerical models, the reliable experimental data has been used. It is found that LES approach demonstrates good agreement with the experimental data. Comparison between methane/air and synthesis gas/air flames demonstrates that in the latter case the size of recirculation zone and the flame temperature are decreasing. But, addition of carbon monoxide in synthesis gas/air mixture leads to flame temperature rise.
The Anoxybacillus flavithermus KU2-6-11 was isolated from sediments of a nameless hot spring. The hot spring is located in Uzon caldera (Kamchatka, Russia). The sequenced and annotated genome is 2,646,305 bp and encodes 2787genes. The draft genome sequence of the Anoxybacillus flavithermus KU2-6-11 has been deposited at DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession PEDM01000000 and the sequences could be found at the site https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/PEDM01000000.
Finding novel biomarkers for human pathologies and predicting clinical outcomes for patients is challenging. This stems from the heterogeneous response of individuals to disease and is reflected in the inter-individual variability of gene expression responses that obscures differential gene expression analysis.

Here, we developed an alternative approach that could be applied to dissect the disease-associated molecular changes. We define gene ensemble noise as a measure that represents a variance for a collection of genes encoding for either members of known biological pathways or subunits of annotated protein complexes and calculated within an individual. The gene ensemble noise allows for the holistic identification and interpretation of gene expression disbalance on the level of gene networks and systems. By comparing gene expression data from COVID-19, H1N1, and sepsis patients we identified common disturbances in a number of pathways and protein complexes relevant to the sepsis pathology.

Among others, these include the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I and peroxisomes. This suggests a Warburg effect and oxidative stress as common hallmarks of the immune host–pathogen response. Finally, we showed that gene ensemble noise could successfully be applied for the prediction of clinical outcome namely, the mortality of patients. Thus, we conclude that gene ensemble noise represents a promising approach for the investigation of molecular mechanisms of pathology through a prism of alterations in the coherent expression of gene circuits.
Cereals (Poaceae Barnh.) are the largest family of monocotyledonous flowering plants growing on all continents and constituting a significant part of Earth's many ecological communities. The Poaceae includes many important crops, such as rice, maize, wheat, barley, and rye. The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of cereal inflorescences are directly related to yield and are determined by the features of inflorescence development. This review considers modern concepts of the morphology, development and genetic mechanisms regulating the cereal inflorescence development. A common feature of cereal inflorescences is a spikelet, a reduced branch that bears florets with a similar structure and common scheme of development in all cereals. The length and the structure of the main axis, the presence and type of lateral branches cause a great variety of cereal inflorescences. Complex cereal inflorescences are formed from meristems of several types. The transition from the activity of one meristem to another is a multi-step process. The genes involved in the control of the cereal inflorescence development have been identified using mutants (mainly maize and rice) with altered inflorescence and floret morphology; most of these genes regulate the initiation and fate of meristems. The presence of some genetic mechanisms in cereals confirms the models previously discovered in dicotyledonous plants; on the other hand, there are cereal-specific developmental processes that are controlled by new modules of genetic regulation, in particular, associated with the formation of a branched inflorescence. An important aspect is the presence of quantitative variability of traits under the control of developmental genes, which is a prerequisite for the use of weak alleles contributing to the variability of plant growth and yield in breeding programs (for example, genes of the CLAVATA signaling pathway).
A Mongolian era female headdress of the bocca type is described. It was found in 2015, in a burial at Krokhalevka-5, in the Novosibirsk region of the Ob. The undisturbed burial of an adult female belongs to a group of contemporaneous medieval graves under a large mound 75 and dates to the 13th to 14th centuries. We describe the birch-bark frame (cylindrical base, frontal plate, and cover) and the decorative items (large glass and stone beads, small glass beads, and a bronze earring) with regard to field conservation and subsequent restoration. The size and shape of the headdress are reconstructed. It is one of the northern specimens of the Mongolian and Tian Shan bocca type, and its parallels are known from archaeological finds and written descriptions. Bocca, an attribute of a married woman, had ritual and mundane functions and several meanings. Like the silk items found in the burial, the bocca was a prestigious imported object marking the high status of the woman and of other individuals buried under the same mound. It evidences ties between the local elite and the steppe dwellers––members of the imperial Mongol culture.
The purpose of the study is to research the effect of polymorphism of genes such as CLOCK, ARNTL, PER2, NPAS2, DRD4, DAT, TNF-α, and NPSR1 on sleep disorders in an open population of 25–64-year-old men. We conducted screening studies of representative samples of men aged 25–64 years. The general examination was carried out according to the standard methods included in the WHO MONICA-Psychosocial Program (MOPSY). Carriers of the C/T genotype of the CLOCK gene more often than others reported having “satisfactory” or “poor” sleep. Carriers of the C/T genotype of the ARNTL gene were more likely to experience anxiety dreams, and they woke up exhausted. Carriers of the A/A genotype of the PER2 gene were more likely to wake up two or more times per night, a total of four to seven times per week. In the population, C/T and T/T genotypes of the NPAS2 gene were significantly more common in individuals with 7-hour sleep. Genotype 4/6 of the DRD4 gene and genotype 9/9 of the DAT gene were significantly associated with sleep disturbances. Carriers of the heterozygous A/G genotype of the TNF-α-308 gene, compared with carriers of all other genotypes, more often rated sleep as “satisfactory” (30%) than “good.”
The paper investigates exterior and symmetric (co)homologies of groups.

We introduce symmetric homology of groups and compute exterior and symmetric (co)homologies of some finite groups. We also compare the classical, exterior and symmetric (co)homologies.

Finally, we derive restriction and corestriction homomorphisms for exterior cohomology.
We report the first observation of the hadronic transition ϒ(4S)→η^{'}ϒ(1S)

using 496 fb^{-1} data collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider. We reconstruct the η^{'} meson through its decays to ρ^{0}γ and to π^{+}π^{-}η, with η→γγ

We measure B(ϒ(4S)→η^{'}ϒ(1S))=[3.43±0.88(stat)±0.21(syst)]×10^{-5}, with a significance of 5.7σ
The complex nonlinear dynamics of mode-locked fibre lasers, including a broad variety of dissipative structures and self-organization effects, have drawn significant research interest. Around the 2 μ m band, conventional saturable absorbers (SAs) possess small modulation depth and slow relaxation time and, therefore, are incapable of ensuring complex inter-pulse dynamics and bound-state soliton generation.

We present observation of multi-soliton complex generation in mode-locked thulium (Tm)-doped fibre laser, using double-wall carbon nanotubes (DWNT-SA) and nonlinear polarisation evolution (NPE). The rigid structure of DWNTs ensures high modulation depth (64%), fast relaxation (1.25 ps) and high thermal damage threshold. Numerical simulations based on the vectorial nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation demonstrate a transition from single-pulse to two-soliton bound-states generation.

This enables formation of 560-fs soliton pulses; two-soliton bound-state with 560 fs pulse duration and 1.37 ps separation; and singlet+doublet soliton structures with 1.8 ps duration and 6 ps separation. The results imply that DWNTs are an excellent SA for the formation of steady single- and multi-soliton structures around 2 μ m region, which could not be supported by single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The combination of the potential bandwidth resource around 2 μ m with the soliton molecule concept for encoding two bits of data per clock period opens exciting opportunities for data-carrying capacity enhancement.
The basic problems of the previous generations of the mirror traps, like MHD and kinetic stability and longitudinal thermal conductivity, were successfully solved, making it possible to reach temperatures much higher than it was supposed by the sceptics in early 2000-s.

This paper sums up the experiments on magnetic mirrors in the Budker INP and their contribution to the next-step linear machine efforts. Current program of the linear machines for fusion exploits both experimentally verified and recently proposed methods of the longitudinal particle and energy loss suppression. Ways of the suppression are verified at GDT (gas-dynamic), GOL-NB (multiple-mirror), SMOLA (helical) and CAT (diamagnetic) devices.

Linear machine with improved enough longitudinal confinement is suitable for fusion with advanced fuels. Next-generation GDMT project includes all the discussed ideas.
Transcription Regulatory Regions Database (TRRD) is an informational resource containing an integrated description of the gene transcription regulation. An entry of the database corresponds to a gene and contains the data on localization and functions of the transcription regulatory regions as well as gene expression patterns.

TRRD contains only experimental data that are inputted into the database through annotating scientific publication. TRRD release 6.0 comprises the information on 1167 genes, 5537 transcription factor binding sites, 1714 regulatory regions, 14 locus control regions and 5335 expression patterns obtained through annotating 3898 scientific papers. This information is arranged in seven databases: TRRDGENES (general gene description), TRRDLCR (locus control regions); TRRDUNITS (regulatory regions: promoters, enhancers, silencers, etc.), TRRDSITES (transcription factor binding sites), TRRDFACTORS (transcription factors), TRRDEXP (expression patterns) and TRRDBIB (experimental publications). Sequence Retrieval System (SRS) is used as a basic tool for navigating and searching TRRD and integrating it with external informational and software resources. The visualization tool, TRRD Viewer, provides the information representation in a form of maps of gene regulatory regions. The option allowing nucleotide sequences to be searched for according to their homology using BLAST is also included.

TRRD is available at http://www.bionet.nsc.ru/trrd/.
A proper vertex-colouring of a graph is acyclic if there are no 2-coloured cycles. It is known that every planar graph is acyclically 5-colourable, and that there are planar graphs with acyclic chromatic number χa = 5 and girth g = 4. It is proved here that a planar graph satisfies χa ⩽ 4 if g ⩾ 5 and χa ⩽ 3 if g ⩾ 7.
The first round of data taking with the CMD-3 and SND detectors at the VEPP-2000 e+e collider (BINP, Novosibirsk, Russia) was performed in 2011-2013. The main goal of experiments at VEPP-2000 is measurements of cross sections and studies of dynamics of exclusive modes for $e^+e^-	o hadrons$. In particular, these results provide important input for calculations of the hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment.

Here we present the survey of analysis of data taken in 2011-2013. About 60 pb$^{-1}$ per detector were taken in the c.m. energy range from 0.32 to 2.0 GeV. The beam energy was continuously measured concurrently with data taking using Compton backscattering.

In 2016 VEPP-2000 resumed operations after upgrade with a design luminosity of $10^{32}$ cm$^{−2}$s$^{−1}$ at 2 GeV.
Here we report that the equation of state (EOS) of Mo is obtained by an integrated technique of laser-heated DAC and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The cold compression and thermal expansion of Mo have been measured up to 80 GPa at 300 K and 92 GPa at 3470 K, respectively. The P - V - T data have been treated with both thermodynamic and Mie–Grüneisen-Debye methods for the thermal EOS inversion. The results are self-consistent and in agreement with the static multi-anvil compression data of Litasov et al. (J. Appl. Phys. 113, 093507 (2013)) and the theoretical data of Zeng et al. (J. Phys. Chem. B 114, 298 (2010)). These high pressure and high temperature ( HPHT ) data with high precision firstly complement and close the gap between the resistive heating and the shock compression experiment.
An experimental study of supersonic boundary layer on a flat plate with coating permeability at two Mach numbers 2 and 2.5 was carried out. The flow disturbances were measured by a constant-temperature anemometer (CTA), operating in the scanning regime. The procedure for calibrating a constant-temperature anemometer has been performed. It was shown that the coefficients of sensitivity to pulsations of mass flow rate and stagnation temperature are practically independent of the Mach number of the oncoming flow. In experiments on a flat plate with porosity, the positions of the laminar-turbulent transition were determined. The obtained experimental data can be used in calculations and numerical prediction of a laminar-turbulent transition in a supersonic boundary layer.
The understanding of the evolution of variable sex determination mechanisms across taxa requires comparative studies among closely related species.

Following the fate of a known master sex-determining gene, we traced the evolution of sex determination in an entire teleost order (Esociformes). We discovered that the northern pike ( Esox lucius ) master sex-determining gene originated from a 65 to 90 million-year-old gene duplication event and that it remained sex linked on undifferentiated sex chromosomes for at least 56 million years in multiple species. We identified several independent species- or population-specific sex determination transitions, including a recent loss of a Y chromosome.

These findings highlight the diversity of evolutionary fates of master sex-determining genes and the importance of population demographic history in sex determination studies. We hypothesize that occasional sex reversals and genetic bottlenecks provide a non-adaptive explanation for sex determination transitions.
In our work, we studied the effect of the triphenyl phosphate flame retardant (TPP) on the flammability of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) using probe (microthermocouples) and non-disturbing planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) diagnostic methods. Addition of TPP results in a decrease of the burning rate, reduction of the size of the pyrolysis zone, abatement of the heat flux from the flame to the polymer surface, and also decrease in the concentration of OH radicals in the flame, leading to quenching. Thus, the gas-phase effect of the TPP flame retardant on the flammability of the PMMA polymer was demonstrated.
Our purpose on the present occasion is to evaluate some ideas the biographers of late antiquity held about the origins of European thought. Speaking about this period we are no longer dealing with the question of transferring of the archaic practices: these practices are indeed long dead. What we encounter can be better defined as the import of ideas. Equally important is a study of the changing attitudes of our authors: rather than passive witnesses, they became active participants of this import. The process is truly fascinating and we hope that the following examples, mostly from Hippolytus, will elucidate this. The best, almost a paradigmatic example is Pythagoras, who in late antiquity had many faces. His biography is an interesting instance of general change of attitude to ancient wisdom, typical for the source utilized by Hippolytus. Looking at a number of peculiar features of Hippolytus’ report which, we hope, will help us to see why the image of Pythagoras and his philosophy, formed by Hippolytus, is somewhat untypical for the period. We will see that Hippolytus’ biographic report, however garbled, shows no signs of so-called ‘Neopythagorean’ biographic development. Admittedly, the later authors frequently combine their sources to make them suitable to their needs, polemical or apologetic. Do we still have a reason to believe that these stories, however doubtful from the historical point of view, may contain the germs of truth?
The code is based on the Fluids-in-Cells method with the Godunov-type scheme at the Eulerian stage. Also, the velocity correction is employed at the Lagrangian stage and energy imbalance is minimized.

As a result of the numerical simulations within the model, we succeeded in determining the main scenarios of the collision of galaxies. At low velocities, both galaxies and their gas components coalesce. At high velocities, the massive stellar components of galaxies dissipate almost freely, leaving their gaseous components slowed down and heated by the collision. If the common gas component of the colliding galaxies cools down to the virial temperature, a new galaxy is formed from the two. With the high collision velocity, the gas component has no time to cool and therefore the gas dissipates in the intergalactic medium.
A comparative analysis of the results of two paired sociological studies of the Russian academic community in the Siberian Branch of the RAS (SB RAS) in 1992 – 1994 and 2015 – 2016 was carried out. The first study was realised at the institutes of the Novosibirsk Scientific Center (NSC SB RAS); the second again at the Research Institutes of the NSC SB RAS, as well as at the academic institutes of Tomsk, Irkutsk and Krasnoyarsk was carried out.

The main method: in-depth structured interviews focused on the problems of (a) professional adaptation of “ordinary” scientists and (b) reactions of the institutes and laboratories to radical changes in state scientific policy.

A comparative analysis showed that despite the different goals and results of implementing scientific policy in the early 1990s and in mid-2010s, the scientific community often demonstrates the same, in fact, “response to threats” expressed in the professional behavioral strategies. These strategies are conservative and situationally non-adaptive. Management of research institutes strives to maintain the “status quo”; they aim, if possible, not to change the structure of professional relations, the directions and subjects of researches. This testifies to the inert structure of academic science and science management, which aims to maintain the main organizational components that were laid down in the Soviet 1930s.
The liver fluke Opisthorchis felineus is a member of the triad of epidemiologically important liver fluke species belonging to the family Opisthorchiidae and the major agent causing opisthorchiasis over a vast territory, covering Russia, Kazakhstan and several European countries. The similarity between the diseases caused by O. felineus and other liver flukes, O. viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis, in clinical manifestations and course suggests that the scenarios of their development and, possibly, complications have much in common. The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified O. viverrini and C. sinensis as group 1 agents and the major factors inducing cholangiocarcinoma in endemic regions. However, a carcinogenic potential of O. felineus is poorly studied.

This review characterizes O. felineus, briefs the epidemiological situation in Western Siberia, the world's largest opisthorchiasis focus, and assesses the carcinogenic potential of this liver fluke. The review is based on a comprehensive analysis of the published medical data on opisthorchiasis and its complications in Western Siberia.

Results of performed analysis reflect the actual epidemiological situation in opisthorchiasis focus and suggest an association of this disease with bile duct cancer.
A model-independent search for direct CP violation in the Cabibbo-suppressed decay D+→K−K+π+ in a sample of approximately 370 000 decays is carried out. The data were collected by the LHCb experiment in 2010 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb−1.

The normalized Dalitz plot distributions for D+ and D− are compared using four different binning schemes that are sensitive to different manifestations of CP violation.

No evidence for CP asymmetry is found.