Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The use of some assisted reproductive technologies, in particular, embryo transfer, may cause various physiological and behavioral changes in the offspring. The purpose of our study was to study the effects of surgery (which is used for embryo transfer) done with pregnant dams on the weight, blood pressure and behavior in the open field and elevated plus­maze tests in adult offspring. Thus, long­term effects on the offspring after maternal exposure to surgical stress given to dams at the 4th day of pregnancy were studied in OXYS rats. OXYS females were mated in estrus with fertile males of the same strain. 96 hours after spermatozoa were found in vaginal smears the surgery (sham operation, imitating embryo transfer) was performed. Body weight (BW), systolic (SAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial pressure as well as behavior in open field (OF) and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests were studied in the offspring of females exposed to surgical treatment during pregnancy (OXYS­PS) at the age of 3 mo. Untreated offspring of OXYS rats were used as controls. BW in naturally born OXYS rats did not differ from those of the OXYS­PS group. OXYS and OXYS­PS rats exhibited higher SAP (more than 150 mm Hg) and DAP; it is noteworthy that both SAP and DAP were higher in the OXYS­PS group than in the control group. The time spent in the center of arena, the area studied, the time and number of rearing were decreased in OXYS­PS rats in the OF test as compared to the OXYS controls. Moreover, OXYS­PS rats were characterized by the absence of grooming in the OF test. As was demonstrated by the EPM test, the duration and numbers of peeking out from closed arms were decreased in the OXYS­PS rats as compared to the OXYS controls. Thus, OXYS dams’ exposure to surgical stress at their early pregnancy led to such effects in the offspring as elevated SAP and DAP, decreased overall activity and increased anxiety.
AMS radiocarbon dating was applied to seven samples from Tartas-1, an Early Neolithic site in the Baraba forest-steppe, southwestern Siberia: four from pit 938, one from pit 990, and two from structure 6. Pits had been destined for fermenting fi sh, and contained offerings, such as corpses of animals (fox, hare, wolverine, dog), stone and bone artifacts, and fl at-bottomed clay vessels. On the basis of these fi nds, the Baraba culture was described. The results of the AMS radiocarbon analysis support the previous conclusion regarding the date of the complex — 7th millennium BC. A series of dates generated at the Curt Engelhorn Center for Archaeometry in Mannheim, Germany, for the Neolithic materials from Tartas-1 mostly fall within the 7th millennium, and the same applies to the dates relating to the Neolithic site of Vengerovo-2. The dates for structure 6 from Tartas-1 were generated at the Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS in Novosibirsk as well, agreeing with those from the Mannheim Center (for two samples, the results being virtually identical). In sum, the data obtained confi rm the correctness of dating the Early Neolithic complex from Tartas-1 to the 7th millennium BC. The Baraba culture is also dated to this time.
Such a mixture is relevant to two-phase dark matter and low energy neutrino detectors, with enhanced photon collection efficiency for primary and secondary scintillation signals.

We present a comprehensive analysis of photon emission and atomic collision processes in two-phase argon doped with xenon and nitrogen. The dopants are aimed to convert the VUV emission of pure Ar to the UV emission of the Xe dopant in the liquid phase and to the near UV emission of the N2 dopant in the gas phase.

Based on this analysis, we show that the recently proposed hypothesis of the enhancement of the excitation transfer from Ar to N2 species in the two-phase mode is either incorrect or needs assumption about a new extreme mechanism of the excitation transfer coming into force at lower temperatures, in particular that of the resonant excitation transfer via ArN2 compound (van der Waals molecule).
This paper presents the first numerical and experimental investigation into the angular spectrum of terahertz Bessel beam with orbital angular momentum generated by a phase plate with spiral zones.

The plate was exposed to a Gaussian beam of the Novosibirsk free electron laser. The Bessel beam formed was passed through a collecting lens. The distribution of the intensity of radiation with a wavelength of 141 microns before and after the focusing lens was recorded by a microbolometer array, which was moved along the optical axis by a motorized translation stage.

The experimentally measured intensity distributions over the beam cross section recorded along the optical axis are in good agreement with numerical calculations.
Monohydrate sulfate kieserites (M 2+SO4·H2O) and their solid solutions are essential constituents on the surface of Mars and most likely also on Galilean icy moons in our solar system. Phase stabilities of end-member representatives (M 2+ = Mg, Fe, Co, Ni) have been examined crystallographically using single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 1 bar and temperatures down to 15 K, by means of applying open He cryojet techniques at in-house laboratory instrumentation. All four representative phases show a comparable, highly anisotropic thermal expansion behavior with a remarkable negative thermal expansion along the monoclinic b axis and a pronounced anisotropic expansion perpendicular to it. The lattice changes down to 15 K correspond to an 'inverse thermal pressure' of approximately 0.7 GPa, which is far below the critical pressures of transition under hydro-static compression (Pc ≥ 2.40 GPa). Consequently, no equivalent structural phase transition was observed for any compound, and neither dehydration nor rearrangements of the hydrogen bonding schemes have been observed. The M 2+SO4·H2O (M 2+ = Mg, Fe, Co, Ni) end-member phases preserve the kieserite-type C2/c symmetry; hydrogen bonds and other structural details were found to vary smoothly down to the lowest experimental temperature. These findings serve as an important basis for the assignment of sulfate-related signals in remote-sensing data obtained from orbiters at celestial bodies, as well as for thermodynamic considerations and modeling of properties of kieserite-type sulfate monohydrates relevant to extraterrestrial sulfate associations at very low temperatures.
We show that rotating particles at the liquid–gas interface can be efficiently manipulated using the surface-wave analogue of optical lattices. Two orthogonal standing waves generate surface flows of counter-rotating half-wavelength unit cells, the liquid interface metamaterial, whose geometry is controlled by the wave phase shift. Here we demonstrate that by placing active magnetic spinners inside such metamaterials, one makes a powerful tool which allows manipulation and self-assembly of spinners, turning them into vehicles capable of transporting matter and information between autonomous metamaterial unit cells. We discuss forces acting on a spinner carried by a nonuniform flow and show how the forces confine spinners to orbit inside the same-sign vortex cells of the wave-driven flow. Reversing the spin, we move the spinner into an adjacent cell. By changing the spinning frequency or the wave amplitude, one can precisely control the spinner orbit. Multiple spinners within a unit cell self-organize into stable patterns, e.g., triangles or squares, orbiting around the center of the cell. Spinners having different frequencies can also be confined, such that the higher-frequency spinner occupies the inner orbit and the lower-frequency one circles on the outer orbit, while the orbital motions of both spinners are synchronized.
BFMPT crystals demonstrate stimuli-responsive and conformation-dependent aggregation-induced emission.
Awns are bristle‐like structures, typically extending from the tip end of the lemmas in the florets of cereal species, including such economically important crops as wheat (Triticum aestivum L., T. durum Desf.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), and rye (Secale cereale L.). The presence of long awns adhered at tip end of glumes is a characteristic feature of “Persian wheat” T. carthlicum Nevski spike. Glume outgrowth of T. carthlicum Nevski spike passes into a long awn, equal in length to the lemma awn. Awned glumes can be formed in T. aestivum and T. aethiopicum wheats, however, such forms are rare. Features of the awned glume development and the genetic determinants of this trait have been little studied.

In this paper, we described the features of the development and inheritance of the tetra-awness (awned glume) trait of the bread wheat T. aestivum line CD 1167-8, using classical genetic analysis, molecular genetic mapping, and scanning electron microscopy.

It was shown that the trait is inherited as a recessive monogenic. The gene for the awned glume trait of CD 1167-8 was mapped in the long arm of chromosome 5A, using the Illumina Infinium 15K Wheat Array (TraitGenetics GmbH), containing 15,000 SNPs associated with wheat genes. Results of allelism test and molecular-genetic mapping suggest that the gene for awned glumes in bread wheat is a recessive allele of the B1 awn suppressor. This new allele was designated the b1.ag (b1. awned glume). Analysis of the CD 1167-8 inflorescence development, using scanning electron microscopy, showed that awns had grown from the top of the lemmas and glumes simultaneously, and no differences in patterns of their development were found.
Pneumonia is a severe inflammatory disease responsible for high mortality worldwide, with about four million deaths each year. Early diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia and the identification of the infectious agent can significantly reduce a pneumonia severity, a likelihood of patient's hospitalization, and pandemic rise. However, the diagnostic methods currently used are not reliable enough.

Therefore, certain specific non-coding RNAs circulating in the blood inside the extracellular vesicles have been considered a potential biomarker for differentiating viral and bacterial pneumonia, as well as for predictions of disease severity and complications.

We reviewed microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and xeno-microRNAs, which were proposed as prognostic and diagnostic markers and potential target drugs for pneumonia.
The problems of using the hot-wire method for studying fluctuations in flows are considered when standard approaches and conventional modes cannot be used due to constraints caused either by the flow parameters or by the characteristics and conditions of the experiments. Examples of measurements under conditions of extremely low pressures and beyond the limits of the continuity of the medium in the CO2-laser are given; The use of data of hot-wire measurements for the determination of sources of disturbances in test sections of high-speed wind tunnels is shown; the design of a probe for measurement of concentration of components of the binary gas mixture is described, etc.
The surface of a thick liquid film under strong gas shear is covered by large-scale disturbance waves and small-scale ripples. Disruption of these ripples on top of disturbance waves by the gas stream leads to the creation of droplets that are entrained into the gas core and may deposit back onto the film surface. In addition, gas may be entrapped by the liquid film in the form of bubbles of various sizes.

In this work, the study of gas bubble creation was performed in a horizontal rectangular duct using the brightness-based laser-induced fluorescence technique. With this technique, the instantaneous height of the liquid film was measured with a 40 µm spatial resolution over a 51 mm by 20 mm area at speeds of 10 kHz. The entrapped bubbles and entrained/depositing droplets are detectable in the data and can thus be studied simultaneously with the waves on the film surface. Several scenarios of bubble entrapment and collapse were identified and discussed. The dynamics of entrapped bubbles was studied quantitatively using an automatic processing algorithm, confirming and elucidating the results of qualitative observations.

The effect of the flow parameters on the bubbles concentration, velocity and size distributions was studied separately for the bubbles inside the disturbance waves and inside the thin base film between the disturbance waves. It was shown that the bubbles are mostly created due to oblique impacts of droplets at the base film and are accumulated by the disturbance waves. A small number of bubbles of larger size are created in front of disturbance waves and remain inside the disturbance waves. The velocity of the bubbles is affected by the velocity of the surrounding liquid. Using the bubbles as tracers, a profile of longitudinal liquid velocity was constructed and a noticeable increase of wall shear under the rear slopes of disturbance waves was found.
The CMD-3 detector started data taking at the electron-positron collider VEPP-2000 [1] in December 2010. The collected data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 87 pb −1 in the c.m. energy range from 1.06 up to 2 GeV and 91 pb −1 from 0.32 to 1.06 GeV. The integrated luminosity was measured by counting e + e − → e + e − and e + e − → γγ events, allowing additional photons in the final state. Preliminary results of the luminosity measurement are presented for various energy ranges and its accuracy is estimated to be 1%.
The remanent magnetization, magnetic susceptibility and its anisotropy, as well as the Q factor of the samples of rocks, from the Zarechenskaya and Nikolskaya magnetic anomalies have been determined. These anomalies locate near the Selenginskaya depression on the eastern coast of Lake Baikal. Knowledge of the magnetic properties of rock massifs that are the sources of these anomalies is necessary to assess the magnetoelastic coefficients, which may be different for remanent and inductive magnetization. This, in turn, will make it possible to further increase the reliability of the interpretation of the results of tectomagnetic monitoring performed here.
This work concerns the process of deceleration of supersonic flow up to the transonic velocities in the channel. This process is connected with the problem of combustion organizing of fuels in the various ramjet engines. The influence of mode of energy supply and the type of channel geometry (axisymmetric or planar channel) is studied as well as the other factors. The similarity of gas dynamic structure formed under hydrogen burning and under pulse periodic energy supply is studied.
This paper presents a numerical and experimental study on hydrodynamic behavior of thin liquid films in rectangular domains. Three-dimensional computer simulations were performed using the lattice Boltzmann equation method (LBM). The liquid films laying on solid and liquid substrates are considered. The rupture of liquid films in computations is initiated via the thermocapillary (Marangoni) effect by applying an initial spatially localized temperature perturbation. The rupture scenario is found to depend on the shape of the temperature distribution and on the wettability of the solid substrate. For a wettable solid substrate, complete rupture does not occur: a residual thin liquid film remains at the substrate in the region of pseudo-rupture. For a non-wettable solid substrate, a sharp-peaked axisymmetric temperature distribution induces the rupture at the center of symmetry where the temperature is maximal. Axisymmetric temperature distribution with a flat-peaked temperature profile initiates rupture of the liquid film along a circle at some distance from the center of symmetry. The outer boundary of the rupture expands, while the inner liquid disk transforms into a toroidal figure and ultimately into an oscillating droplet. We also apply the LBM to simulations of an evolution of one or two holes in liquid films for two-layer systems of immiscible fluids in a rectangular cell. The computed patterns are successfully compared against the results of experimental visualizations. Both the experiments and the simulations demonstrate that the initially circular holes evolved in the rectangular cell undergoing drastic changes of their shape under the effects of the surface tension and gravity. In the case of two interacting holes, the disruption of the liquid bridge separating two holes is experimentally observed and numerically simulated.
In present paper new approach to study heat transfer at spray cooling, based on the using of high-speed infrared thermography with high spatial resolution is proposed.

Also in the paper new data on basic spray parameters, including sizes and velocities of droplets at different pressure at the nozzle inlet were obtained with the use of shadow technique and high-speed video camera.

It is found, that heat transfer coefficient is unequally spatially distributed value and essentially depends on flow rate in the stationary irrigation mode. The dependence of heat transfer coefficient on a distance between spray source and heat exchange surface is obtained and an optimal distance corresponding to the maximum heat transfer intensity at present configuration of irrigation points relatively to the heating surface is determined.
The paper presents the preliminary results of testing the relationship of tolerance of uncertainty, intolerance of uncertainty and interpersonal intolerance of uncertainty and personality traits on a sample of 87 people. A review of foreign studies on the relationship between these constructs is given. Revised NEO Personality Inventory [Orel, Senin, 2004] and the New Questionnaire of Tolerance of Uncertainty [Kornilova, 2010] was used in order to test the relationship between personality traits and tolerance of uncertainty, intolerance of uncertainty and interpersonal intolerance of uncertainty.
The Belle-II experiment is expected to collect large data samples at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ and $\Upsilon(5S)$ resonances to study primarily $B$ and $B_s$ mesons. We discuss what other data above the $B\bar{B}$ threshold are of interest. We propose to perform a high-statistics energy scan from the $B\bar{B}$ threshold up to the highest possible energy, and to collect data at the $\Upsilon(6S)$ and at higher mass states if they are found in the scan. We emphasize the interest in increasing the maximal energy from 11.24\,GeV to 11.5 - 12\,GeV in the future. These data are needed for investigation of bottomonium and bottomonium-like states.
The dynamics of the process $ e^+e^- \to \pi^+\pi^-\pi^0 $ is studied in the energy region from 1.15 to 2.00 GeV using data accumulated with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider. The Dalitz plot distribution and $\pi^+\pi^-$ mass spectrum are analyzed in a model including the intermediate states $\rho(770)\pi$, $\rho(1450)\pi$, and $\omega\pi^0$. As a result, the energy dependences of the $\rho(770)\pi$ and $\rho(1450)\pi$ cross sections and the relative phases between the $\rho(770)\pi$ amplitude and the $\rho(1450)\pi $ and $\omega\pi^0$ amplitudes are obtained. The $\rho(1450)\pi$ cross section has a peak in the energy region of the $\omega(1650)$ resonance (1.55-1.75 GeV). In this energy range the contributions of the $\rho(770)\pi$ and $\rho(1450)\pi$ states are of the same order of magnitude. No resonance structure near 1.65 GeV is observed in the $\rho(770)\pi$ cross section. We conclude that the intermediate state $\rho(1450)\pi$ gives a significant contribution to the decay of $\omega (1650)\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$, whereas the $\rho(770)\pi$ mechanism dominates in the decay $\omega(1420)\to\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$.
The simplest model for a description of the random distributed feedback (RDFB) Raman fiber laser is a power balance model describing the evolution of the intensities of the waves over the fiber length. The model predicts well the power performances of the RDFB fiber laser including the generation threshold, the output power and pump and generation wave intensity distributions along the fiber.

In the present work, we extend the power balance model and modify equations in such a way that they describe now frequency dependent spectral power density instead of integral over the spectrum intensities. We calculate the generation spectrum by using the depleted pump wave longitudinal distribution derived from the conventional power balance model.

We found the spectral balance model to be sufficient to account for the spectral narrowing in the RDFB laser above the threshold of the generation.
The paper presents the results of experiments on quasi-stationary photoneutralization H− and D− beams.

Studies were carried out using non-resonance adiabatic photons accumulate.
There are interesting studies of foreign and Russian scientists on this topic. Many serious problems of higher education of the Russian Federation are still not resolved up to the present day.

The article deals with the scientific potential of the higher school in Russia and its ability to create the knowledge economy to form competitive Russian economy in the world market.

The scientific potential of Russia, including the higher education institutions, is significant and inexhaustible. The state should only use it correctly and rationally, take care of human resources, provide social protection for scientists and teachers. All these will attract young researchers to academic and university science, it will ensure the success of the knowledge economy in the country.
The properties of embryonic hybrid cells obtained by fusion of embryonic stem (ES) or teratocarcinoma (TC) cells with differentiated cells are reviewed. Usually, ES-somatic or TC-somatic hybrids retain pluripotent capacity at high levels quite comparable or nearly identical with those of the pluripotent partner.

When cultured in vitro, ES-somatic- and TC-somatic hybrid cell clones, as a rule, lose the chromosomes derived from the somatic partner; however, in some clones the autosomes from the ES cell partner were also eliminated, i.e. the parental chromosomes segregated bilaterally in the ES-somatic cell hybrids. Use of selective medium allows to isolate in vitro the clones of ES-somatic hybrid cells in which 'the pluripotent' chromosome can be replaced by 'the somatic' counterpart carrying the selectable gene. Unlike the TC-somatic cell hybrids, the ES-somatic hybrids with a near-diploid complement of chromosomes are able to contribute to various tissues of chimeric animals after injection into the blastocoel cavity.

This opens up ways for searching correlation between the pluripotent status of the hybrid cells and chromosome segregation patterns and therefore for identifying the particular chromosomes involved in the maintenance of pluripotency. Analysis of the chimeric animals showed that the 'somatic' chromosome undergoes reprogramming during development. The prospects for the identification of the chromosomes that are involved in the maintenance of pluripotency and its cis- and trans-regulation in the hybrid cell genome are discussed.