Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The article reveals the problems which may arise in the development of multi-agent information systems for modeling regional economy (MASMRE) based on geographic information and agent-based approaches to modeling economic space as well as to studying and forecasting the specifics of emerging spatial systems and the ways these systems may occur.

MASMRE proposes an organizational system and open source tools to implement modern digital technologies and also an agent-based approach to modeling the regional economy, which helps to sustain innovative momentum for scientific and scientific-technical interaction, conduct joint research in remote access by providing accessible services, modules and algorithms,

and allows the local governments, businesses and non-profit organizations to plan and monitor various projects implemented in a particular territory.
This article proposes the generalized model of Van der Pol — Duffing equation for describing the relaxation oscillations in local brain hemodynamics. This equation connects the velocity and pressure of blood flow in cerebral vessels.

The equation is individual for each patient, since the coefficients are unique. Each set of coefficients is built based on clinical data obtained during neurosurgical operation in Siberian Federal Biomedical Research Center named after Academician E. N. Meshalkin. The equation has solutions of different structure defined by the coefficients and right side. We investigate the equations for different patients considering peculiarities of their vessel systems.

The properties of approximate analytical solutions are studied. Amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics are built for the small-dimensional solution approximations.
This paper reviews foreign methods for assessing an organizational climate, i.e. a complex of organizational, managerial, economic, socio-psychological, and other conditions. Organizational climate affects staff creativity and organizational innovation.

The authors propose methods and tools for assessing the creative and innovative climate of Russian organizations. The survey of respondents (employees) was performed on the Google Forms platform; data processing and presentation of the results were performed with the help of Google Tables tools. The proposed methodology makes it possible to check the reliability and accuracy of the results. It offers a set of rules for automatic conclusions about the state of organizational climate based on the data obtained from interviewing the staff.

The methods can become an important element of systemic and regular monitoring of the organizational climate and its improvement. The proposed methods and instruments may be put into practice of organizations in order to obtain reliable estimates of their organizational climate.
Composite material with high thermal conductivity was obtained by the method of thermal sintering of a diamond (50 – 75%) with a size of 20 to 250 μm in a matrix of copper.Coefficient of thermal conductivity of copper diamond composite materials was measured and is 450 – 650 W·m-1·K-1. The coefficient of thermal expansion CTE was measured and is 5.5 – 7.5 · 10-6/°C. The obtained copper diamond composite materials are promising objects for use in THz and microwave devices.
Oriental Journal of Chemistry is a peer reviewed quarterly research journal of pure and applied chemistry. It publishes standard research papers in almost all thrust areas of current chemistry of academic and commercial importance. It provides a platform for rapid publication of quality research papers, reviews and chemistry letters. Oriental Journal of Chemistry is abstracted and indexed in almost all reputed National and International agencies.
Strong coupling of nuclear spins, which is achieved when their scalar coupling 2πJ is greater than or comparable to the difference δω in their Larmor precession frequencies in an external magnetic field, gives rise to efficient coherent longitudinal polarization transfer. The strong-coupling regime can be achieved when the external magnetic field is sufficiently low, as δω is reduced proportional to the field strength.

The experimental method that we use is two-field NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance), exploiting sample shuttling between a high field, at which NMR spectra are acquired, and low field, where strong couplings are expected, at which NMR pulses can be applied to affect the spin dynamics. By using this technique, we generate zero-quantum spin coherences by means of non-adiabatic passage through a level anti-crossing and study their evolution at low field.

Experiments performed with an 13C labelled amino acid clearly show that the coherent polarization transfer at low field is pronounced in the 13C-spin subsystem under proton decoupling. However, in the absence of proton decoupling, polarization transfer by coherent processes is dramatically reduced, demonstrating that heteronuclear spin-spin interactions suppress the strong coupling regime even when the external field is low. A theoretical model is presented, which can model the reported experimental results.
the 1D Nwogu model of the shallow water theory for non-hydrostatic unsteady flows

We propose a hyperbolic system of first-order equations that approximates the 1D Nwogu model. Solitary waves in the framework of these models are constructed and studied. The evolution of solitary waves on a mildly sloping beach is considered. Steep forced water waves generated by a harmonically oscillating rectangular tank are studied both experimentally and numerically.

We show that the solution of the hyperbolic system practically coincides with the corresponding solution of the Nwogu dispersive equations. A comparison of the solutions of the modified Green–Naghdi and Nwogu equations with the obtained experimental data is made.
world-renowned scientist, the author of the hydrodynamic theory of boiling crisis, the founder of scientific schools in the fields of thermophysics and fluid mechanics, and an Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences.Professor Kutateladze started his research career in 1932 at the Polzunov Central Boiler and Turbine Institute in Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg), where he was hired as a laboratory assistant.

His early research work was focused on studies of heat transfer during phase transitions and was based on the hydrodynamic similarity theory.

At the age of 25 he
Precise editing of the genes of plant organisms with complex genomes has long been a difficult task. The CRISPR/Cas technology developed in the last decade has become one of the preferred tools for site-directed mutagenesis of plant genes and has quickly replaced the ZFN and TALEN systems.

This review summarizes the main results obtained using the CRISPR/Cas system in such economically valuable cereals as common wheat Triticum aestivum L., barley Hordeum vulgare L., and maize Zea mays L., the genome structure of which increases the probability of the emergence of non-target mutations and reduces the specificity of editing. Every year the number of methodological publications on the directed mutagenesis of these crops, aimed at optimizing and improving the performance of the CRISPR/Cas system, increases exponentially, and the editing efficiency reaches 100% for maize and barley.

The experimental articles are mainly aimed at improving the economically important traits of plants, such as improved yields, nutritional value and resistance to diseases and herbicides. Plant improvement is also associated with editing genes that affect pollination control, which is used in hybrid breeding. This creates the prerequisites for the creation of new maize, barley and wheat varieties, and for the saturation of existing ones with the necessary properties.
The development of technologies for the accelerated formation or decomposition of gas hydrates is an urgent topic. This will make it possible to utilize a gas, including associated petroleum one, into a hydrate state for its further use or to produce natural gas from hydrate-saturated sediments.

In this work, the effect of water content in wide range (0.7–50 mass%) and the size of quartz sand particles (porous medium; <50 μm, 125–160 μm and unsifted sand) on the formation of methane and methane-propane hydrates at close conditions (subcooling value) has been studied. High-pressure differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray computed tomography techniques were employed to analyze the hydrate formation process and pore sizes, respectively.

The exponential growth of water to hydrate conversion with a decrease in the water content due to the rise of water–gas surface available for hydrate formation was revealed. Sieving the quartz sand resulted in a significant increase in water to hydrate conversion (59% for original sand compared to more than 90% for sieved sand). It was supposed that water suction due to the capillary forces influences both methane and methane-propane hydrates formation as well with latent hydrate forming up to 60% either without a detectable heat flow or during the ice melting. This emphasizes the importance of being developed for water–gas (ice–gas) interface to effectively transform water into the hydrate state. In any case, the ice melting (presence of thawing water) may allow a higher conversion degree. Varying the water content and the sand grain size allows to control the degree of water to hydrate conversion and subcooling achieved before the hydrate formation. Taking into account experimental error, the equilibrium conditions of hydrates formation do not change in all studied cases. The data obtained can be useful in developing a method for obtaining hydrates under static conditions.
In Drosophila, the dosage compensation complex (DCC) mediates upregulation of transcription from the single male X chromosome. Despite coating the polytene male X, the DCC pattern looks discontinuous and probably reflects DCC dynamic associations with genes active at a given moment of development in a salivary gland.

To test this hypothesis, we compared binding patterns of the DCC and of the elongating form of RNA polymerase II (PolIIo).

We found that, unlike PolIIo, the DCC demonstrates a stable banded pattern throughout larval development and escapes binding to a subset of transcriptionally active areas, including developmental puffs. Moreover, these proteins are not completely colocalized at the electron microscopy level. These data combined imply that simple recognition of PolII machinery or of general features of active chromatin is either insufficient or not involved in DCC recruitment to its targets. We propose that DCC-mediated site-specific upregulation of transcription is not the fate of all active X-linked genes in males. Additionally, we found that DCC subunit MLE associates dynamically with developmental and heat-shock-induced puffs and, surprisingly, with those developing within DCC-devoid regions of the male X, thus resembling the PolIIo pattern. These data imply that, independently of other MSL proteins, the RNA-helicase MLE might participate in general transcriptional regulation or RNA processing.
This work deals with the study of the gas phase effect on integral characteristics of a swirling two-phase flow with a precessing vortex core. The formation conditions of a precessing vortex filament were modeled in hydrodynamic vortex chambers with a sudden expansion, where the flow was swirled by means of the vane and tangential swirlers. Experimental dependences of the frequency of vortex core precession and total pressure drop in the vortex chambers on gas content are obtained for different degrees of flow swirl. The studies have shown that the main effect of air supply on the flow parameters is associated with separation of the lighter gas phase toward the vortex core center and formation of a gas core along the vortex axis. The effective separation of air from liquid into the gas core is particularly confirmed by the fact that the measured data are well generalized in dimensionless variables based on the liquid phase parameters.
Self-renewal of cultured pluripotent stem cells is a complex process, which includes multiple functional and regulatory levels. Transcription factors, their target genes, chromatin modifiers, signaling pathways, and regulatory noncoding RNAs are involved in the maintaining of self-renewal. Studies of molecular and genetic bases of maintaining self-renewal and pluripotency in cultured mammalian cells are important to understand processes in preimplantation embryogenesis and to develop efficient techniques to obtain pluripotent stem cell lines for experimental biology and medicine. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in pluripotency maintaining and reprogramming. However, involvement of this class of noncoding RNAs and functions of individual molecules are poorly studied.

The goal of this study was the search for the miRNAs potentially involved in the pluripotency maintaining and reprogramming of Rattus norvegicus cells. We analyzed the expression of miRNAs in rat embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic fibroblasts using bioinformatic methods and data obtained with next generation sequencing. The analysis of differential expression between groups of rat pluripotent cells and fibroblasts, and the analysis of experimentally confirmed target genes of differentially expressed known rat miRNAs revealed novel potential players of pluripotency maintaining and reprogramming processes. In addition, novel members of these processes were revealed among novel rat miRNAs. The use of bioinformatic and systems biology approaches is the first step, which is necessary for choosing candidates for the subsequent experimental studies.

The results obtained substantially improve our understanding of the self-renewal regulation system of the laboratory rat, a popular biomedical object, and our knowledge about the system in mammals.
The primary focus of this paper is to investigate the interaction between simultaneously propagating multiple fractures, initiated from an inclined well. In particular, the aim is to better understand the influence of the well inclination angle on the stress shadow between the fractures and on the overall resulting geometry of individual cracks.

To simplify the analysis, the paper assumes the limit of large perforation friction, which leads to a uniform flux distribution between the fractures. The mathematical model for multiple hydraulic fractures is constructed by coupling together the respective models for individual fractures, each representing a single planar fracture model. In this approach, the fracture induced stress or stress shadow from a previous time step is used as an input for a given single hydraulic fracture to propagate independently. Further, to reduce computational burden, the effects associated with tangential stresses and displacements are neglected, whereby the stress interaction between the fractures is solely described by the normal opening and the normal stress component. Numerical results are presented for the storage viscosity dominated regime, whereby the effects of toughness and leak-off are negligible.

An interesting behaviour is observed, demonstrating that the well inclination angle plays a significant role on the overall fracture symmetry. For zero inclination, all the fractures are nearly symmetrical and identical. However, once well inclination is introduced, this breaks the symmetry, making a profound effect on the final result.
In the 40s of the last century, Karhunen and Loève proposed a method for processing of one-dimensional numeric time series by converting it into a multidimensional by shifts. In fact, a one-dimensional number series was decomposed into several orthogonal time series. This method has many times been independently developed and applied in practice under various names (EOF, SSA, Caterpillar, etc.). Nowadays, the name SSA (the Singular Spectral Analysis) is most often used. It turned out that it is universal, applicable to any time series without requiring stationary assumptions, automatically decomposes time series into a trend, cyclic components and noise. By the beginning of the 1980s Takens showed that for a dynamical system such a method makes it possible to obtain an attractor from observing only one of these variables, thereby bringing the method to a powerful theoretical basis. In the same years, the practical benefits of phase portraits became clear. In particular, it was used in the analysis and forecast of the animal abundance dynamics.

In this paper we propose to extend SSA to one-dimensional sequence of any type elements, including numbers, symbols, figures, etc., and, as a special case, to molecular sequence. Technically, the problem is solved almost the same algorithm as the SSA. The sequence is cut by a sliding window into fragments of a given length. Between all fragments, the matrix of Euclidean distances is calculated. This is always possible. For example, the square root from the Hamming distance between fragments is the Euclidean distance. For the resulting matrix, the principal components are calculated by the principal-coordinate method (PCo). Instead of a distance matrix one can use a matrix of any similarity/dissimilarity indexes and apply methods of multidimensional scaling (MDS). The result will always be PCs in some Euclidean space. We called this method PCA-Seq.

It is certainly an exploratory method, as its particular case SSA. For any sequence, including molecular, PCA-Seq without any additional assumptions allows to get its principal components in a numerical form and visualize them in the form of phase portraits. Long-term experience of SSA application for numerical data gives all reasons to believe that PCA-Seq will be not less useful in the analysis of non-numerical data, especially in hypothesizing. PCA-Seq is implemented in the freely distributed Jacobi 4 package ( http://mrherrn.github.io/JACOBI4/ ).
Aim of work is to study the compositional features of fatty acids (FA) of erythrocyte membranes in patients with diff erent localization of the tumor in colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and methods . Using a chromatography-mass spectrometric system (GC/MS) Agilent 7000B based on three quadrupoles (USA), the composition of erythrocyte (Er) membranes of 129 patients with CRC was studied: (average age 63.2±9.4 years, of which 68 men and 61 women; 25 with proximal, 98 with distal tumor localization) and 35 people in the comparison group. Results . A greater degree of decrease in the levels of saturated, monounsaturated FAs (MUFAs), and, conversely, an increase in the levels of polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) in patients with distal tumor localization compared to healthy ones, was established than the same ratio in the pair “proximal localization of tumor RCC — healthy”. A greater degree of increase in the level of omega-3 PUFAs was noted than omega-6, which aff ected the ratio n-6 / n-3, which was signifi cantly reduced in cancer patients, to a greater extent with distal tumor localization. The most signifi cant for distinguishing tumors located in diff erent parts of the intestine were: saturated fatty acids — myristic C14:0 (p<0,001) and pentadecanoic C15:0 (p=0,012), omega-3 a-linolenic (C18:3; n-3) (p=0,02), whose levels were signifi cantly higher and, conversely, most of the omega-6 PUFAs (C18:2 n-6, C20:3 n-6, C20:4 n-6) and one omega-3 PUFAs — C22:6 n-3 (p<0,05), whose levels were signifi cantly lower with proximal localization of the tumor than with distal. Conclusion . The results obtained indicate the importance of taking into account the localization of the tumor in patients with CRC when conducti ng studies of metabolic profiles.
There are more than 30 inherited human disorders connected with repeat expansion (myotonic dystrophy type I, Huntington’s disease, Fragile X syndrome). Fragile X syndrome is the most common reason for inherited intellectual disability in the human population. The ways of the expansion development remain unclear. An important feature of expanded repeats is the ability to form stable alternative DNA secondary structures. There are hypotheses about the nature of repeat instability. It is proposed that these DNA secondary structures can block various stages of DNA metabolism processes, such as replication, repair and recombination and it is considered as the source of repeat instability. However, none of the hypotheses is fully conf irmed or is the only valid one.

Here, an experimental system for studying (CGG)n repeat expansion associated with transcription and TCR­-NER is proposed. It is noteworthy that the aberrations of transcription are a poorly studied mechanism of (CGG)n instability. However, the proposed systems take into account the contribution of other processes of DNA metabolism and, therefore, the developed systems are universal and applicable for various studies. Transgenic cell lines carrying a repeat of normal or premutant length under the control of an inducible promoter were established and a method for repeat instability quantif ication was developed. One type of the cell lines contains an exogenous repeat integrated into the genome by the Sleeping Beauty transposon; in another cell line, the vector is maintained as an episome due to the SV40 origin of replication.

These experimental systems can serve for f inding the causes of instability and the development of therapeutic agents. In addition, a criterion was developed for the quantif ication of exogenous (CGG)n repeat instability in the transgenic cell lines’ genome.
The emergence of intensionality in logical and mathematical discourse leads to significant obstacles in its formalization due to the appearance of indirect contexts, the uncertainty of its indication in the theoretical apparatus, as well as the presence of various kinds of difficult-to-account semantic distinctions. The refusal to consider intensionality in logic is connected with Bertrand Russell’s criticism of Alexius Meinong’s intensionality ontology, and with Willard Van Orman Quine’s criticism of the concept of meaning and quantification of modalities. It is shown that this criticism is based on a preference for the theory of indication over the theory of meaning, in terms of the distinction 'Bedeutung' and 'Sinn' introduced by Gottlob Frege.

The extensionality thesis is explicated; by analogy with it the intensionality thesis is constructed. It is shown that complete parallelism is not possible here, and therefore we should proceed from finding cases of extensionality violation. Since the construction of formal logical systems is to a certain extent connected with the programs of the foundations of mathematics, the complex interweaving of philosophical and purely technical questions makes the question of the role of intensionality in mathematics quite confusing.

However, there is one clue here: programs in the foundations of mathematics have given rise to metamathematics, which, although it stands alone, is considered a branch of mathematics. It is not by chance that, judging by the problems arising in connection with intensionality, there is a growing suspicion that intensionality can play a significant role in metamathematics. As for the question of the sense in which metamathematics results can be considered mathematical, in terms of the presence of intensional contexts in both disciplines, it is a matter of taste: for example, the autonomy of mathematical knowledge as a result of the desire of mathematicians to eliminate the influence of philosophy that took place in the case of David Hilbert may be worth considering in the context of mathematics. Thus, the rather vague concept of intensionality receives various explications in different contexts, whether it is philosophical logic or metamathematics. In any case, the detection of context intensionality is always associated with a clear narrowing of the research area. It is obvious that the creation of a more general theory of intensionality is possible within a more general framework, in which logic and mathematics must be combined. In this respect, we can hope for the resumption of a logical project, which would be a purely logical consideration made of the natural and the mathematical.