Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The polymorphic fungus Candida albicans (C. albicans) can live as an aggressive pathogen and cause many diseases in hosts, for which no effective vaccine exists. The secreted aspartyl proteinase 2 (Sap2) plays a protective role in systemically infected BALB/c mice. Protective cellular immune responses can be preferentially induced when antigens are displayed on small particles.

Therefore, the emphasis is placed on developing new phage vaccine to inhibit C. albicans infection. In this study, the ability of the hybrid phage displaying the epitope SLAQVKYTSASSI and recombinant protein of Sap2 (rSap2) for inducing immune protective responses against C. albicans infection was evaluated by lymphoproliferative assay, to gather cytokine and antibody measurements in BALB/c mice.

Our results showed that, strong cellular and humoral immune responses were induced in a mouse model immunized with hybrid phage or rSap2. Furthermore, the protection against lethal challenge with C. albicans was observed in mice vaccinated hybrid phage without adjuvant. These findings demonstrate that the hybrid phage displaying the epitope SLAQVKYTSASSI might be a potential vaccine against C. albicans infections.
We experimentally generate multimode solitons in step-index fibers, where nonlinearity compensates for both chromatic and modal dispersion.

These solitons are subject to Raman self-frequency shift, and their energy is gradually transfered to the fundamental fiber mode.

We compare multimode soliton dynamics in both step-index and graded index fibers, in excellent agreement with numerical predictions.
We present the partial branching fraction for inclusive charmless semileptonic $B$ decays and the corresponding value of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $|{V}_{ub}|$, using a multivariate analysis method to access $\ensuremath{\sim}90%$ of the $B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{X}_{u}\ensuremath{\ell}\ensuremath{\nu}$ phase space. This approach dramatically reduces the theoretical uncertainties from the $b$-quark mass and nonperturbative QCD compared to all previous inclusive measurements. The results are based on a sample of $657\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected with the Belle detector. We find that $\ensuremath{\Delta}\mathcal{B}(B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{X}_{u}\ensuremath{\ell}\ensuremath{\nu};{p}_{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{*B}>1.0\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/c)=1.963\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}(1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{0.088}_{\mathrm{stat}}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{0.081}_{\mathrm{syst}})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. Corresponding values of $|{V}_{ub}|$ are extracted using several theoretical calculations.
The article provides a brief overview of the problems of diagnostics and etiological verification of restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCMP). Multiple causes lead to the restrictive phenotype of intracardiac hemodynamics and diastolic dysfunction of the heart: infiltrative (amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, elastoma, metabolic syndrome, tumor metastasis to the myocardium); endomyocardial (tropical endomyocardial fibrosis, hypereosinophilic syndrome, carcinoid, radiation damage); accumulation diseases (hemochromatosis, Pompe and Gaucher diseases, Fabry disease). RKMP is also characteristic for desminopathy — so-called desmin storage disease. This is a disease caused by mutations in the desmin gene (DES) that determine the development of cardiomyopathy or myofibrillar myopathy, and in some cases cause a combined phenotype of the disease. Desmin belongs to the group of intermediate filaments that maintain the structural and functional integrity of myofibrils. Mutations in DES lead to disruption of the assembly of filaments and a change in the myofibrillar cell lattice, which contributes to an increased vulnerability of myocytes to mechanical stress. The article presents a clinical case of familial desminopathy associated with a new missense R118P mutation of DES gene, characterized by dominant cardiac RCMP phenotype and subclinical manifestations of myofibrillar myopathy.
An important issue in the target identification for the drug design is the tissue-specific effect of inhibition of target genes. The task of assessing the tissue-specific effect in suppressing gene activity is especially relevant in the studies of the brain, because a significant variability in gene expression levels among different areas of the brain was well documented. A method is proposed for constructing statistical models to predict the potential effect of the knockout of target genes on the expression of genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis in various brain regions. The model connects the expression of the objective group of genes with expression of the target gene by means of machine learning models trained on available expression data. Information about the interactions between target and objective genes is determined by reconstruction of target-centric gene network. STRING and ANDSystem databases are used for the reconstruction of gene networks. The developed models have been used to analyse gene knockout effects of more than 7,500 target genes on the expression of 1,900 objective genes associated with the Gene Ontology category "apoptotic process". The tissue-specific effect was calculated for 12 main anatomical structures of the human brain. Initial values of gene expression in these anatomical structures were taken from the Allen Brain Atlas database. The results of the predictions of the effect of suppressing the activity of target genes on apoptosis, calculated on average for all brain structures, were in good agreement with experimental data on siRNA-inhibition. This theoretical paper presents an approach that can be used to assess tissue-specific gene knockout effect on gene expression of the studied biological process in various structures of the brain. Genes that, according to the predictions of the model, have the highest values of tissue-specific effects on the apoptosis network can be considered as potential pharmacological targets for the development of drugs that would potentially have strong effect on the specific area of the brain and a much weaker effect on other brain structures. Further experiments should be provided in order to confirm the potential findings of the method.
Development of modern intelligent monitoring and control systems in energy, allowing reducing the level of harmful emissions and energy intensity production is relevant. In the scientific literature usage of new efficient machine learning techniques for automatic extraction of features for the classification of combustion regimes is insufficiently covered.

In this paper we describe a method for determining combustion regimes based on images of flames. To determine the combustion regimes, a convolutional neural network is trained using labeled data.

It is shown that in the gas flame colour images the accuracy of the classification of regimes is up to 98%. Results of the convolutional neural network are compared to classification results of various linear models.
While year after year, conditions, quality, and duration of human lives have been improving due to the progress in science, technology, education, and medicine, only eight diseases have been increasing in prevalence and shortening human lives because of premature deaths according to the retrospective official review on the state of US health, 1990-2010. These diseases are kidney cancer, chronic kidney diseases, liver cancer, diabetes, drug addiction, poisoning cases, consequences of falls, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) as one of the leading pathologies. There are familial AD of hereditary nature (~4% of cases) and sporadic AD of unclear etiology (remaining ~96% of cases; i.e., non-familial AD). Therefore, sporadic AD is no longer a purely medical problem, but rather a social challenge when someone asks oneself: "What can I do in my own adulthood to reduce the risk of sporadic AD at my old age to save the years of my lifespan from the destruction caused by it?" Here, we combine two computational approaches for regulatory SNPs: Web service SNP_TATA_Comparator for sequence analysis and a PubMed-based keyword search for articles on the biochemical markers of diseases. Our purpose was to try to find answers to the question: "What can be done in adulthood to reduce the risk of sporadic AD in old age to prevent the lifespan reduction caused by it?" As a result, we found 89 candidate SNP markers of familial and sporadic AD (e.g., rs562962093 is associated with sporadic AD in the elderly as a complication of stroke in adulthood, where natural marine diets can reduce risks of both diseases in case of the minor allele of this SNP). In addition, rs768454929, and rs761695685 correlate with sporadic AD as a comorbidity of short stature, where maximizing stature in childhood and adolescence as an integral indicator of health can minimize (or even eliminate) the risk of sporadic AD in the elderly. After validation by clinical protocols, these candidate SNP markers may become interesting to the general population [may help to choose a lifestyle (in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood) that can reduce the risks of sporadic AD, its comorbidities, and complications in the elderly].
The model of a thermochemical mantle plume is described. The scheme of origination of the plume from the core-mantle boundary is presented. The basic ratios for determining the thermal power and the diameters of thermochemical plumes are given.

Based on the laboratory and theoretical modeling results, we present the thermal and hydrodynamic structure of the thermochemical plume with the mushroom-shaped head. The parameters of some plumes, that are responsible for formations of batholiths in North Asia, are estimated from the geological data, including the age intervals and the extent of magmatism. Relying on the model of the flat horizontal liquid layer, hydrodynamics and heat transfer of the mushroom-shaped plume head are considered. The variations in temperature and flow velocity in the melt of the plume head are assessed. The compositional changes in the melt of the plume head are determined by stages: (1) after settling of refractory minerals; (2) after settling of plagioclase in the melt resulting from the first stage.

After eruption of the melt from the plume conduit to the surface, melting occurs along the base of the crustal block above the plume roof, resulting in the formation of a mushroom-shaped head of the plume, which means that a large intrusive body (deep-rooted batholith) is formed. The relative thermal power of such plumes is 1.9
We discuss two families of closed orientable three-dimensional manifolds which arise as cyclic generalizations of two hyperbolic icosahedral manifolds listed by Everitt. Everitt's manifolds are cyclic coverings of the lens space $L_{3,1}$ branched over some 2-component links.

We present results on covering properties, fundamental groups, and hyperbolic volumes of the manifolds belonging to these families.
Noctilucent, or 'night-shining,' clouds (NLCs) are a spectacular optical nighttime phenomenon that is very often neglected in the context of atmospheric optics.

Modern ground-based photographic NLC observations, carried out in the framework of automated digital camera networks around the globe, are outlined. In particular, the obtained results refer to studies of single quasi-stationary waves in the NLC field.

These waves exhibit specific propagation properties—high localization, robustness, and long lifetime—that are the essential requisites of solitary waves.
In this work we calculated energy and magnetic characteristics for multilayer ferromagnetic structure Co/Cu[100] by VASP on POWER architecture. We analyzed performance of the VASP package on the OpenPOWER HPC system with several Pascal P100 GPU units in compare with calculation on POWER8 CPU only and on a system with Intel architecture. We revealed that the VASP calculations achieve maximum performance on OpenPOWER System with the GPUs.
сульфИдно-платИнометалльная мИнералИзацИя Изменённых габбро массИва малютка худолазовского комплекса

влИянИе гИдротермальных процессов на тИп мИнеральной ассоцИацИИ

сульфИдно-платИнометалльная мИнералИзацИя Изменённых габбро массИва малютка худолазовского комплекса: влИянИе гИдротермальных процессов на тИп мИнеральной ассоцИацИИ
New non-conjugated functionalized 2,5-dihydroimidazole-type bi-and trinitroxyl radicals are described.The synthesis of which was based on a nucleophilic substitution reaction between 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine or 2,4-dichloro-6-methoxy-1,3,5-triazine and spiro-fused 2,5-dihydroimidazole-type monoradicals bearing both a p-hydroxyaryl moiety at the C-4 atom of the heterocycle and a residue at the fourth position of the cyclohexane ring.The model tris-nitroxide with an unsubstituted cyclohexane unit was structurally characterized in the solid state.
The serotonergic system and in particular serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT1AR) are implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD). Here we demonstrated that 5-HT1AR is palmitoylated in human and rodent brains, and identified ZDHHC21 as a major palmitoyl acyltransferase, whose depletion reduced palmitoylation and consequently signaling functions of 5-HT1AR. Two rodent models for depression-like behavior show reduced brain ZDHHC21 expression and attenuated 5-HT1AR palmitoylation. Moreover, selective knock-down of ZDHHC21 in the murine forebrain induced depression-like behavior. We also identified the microRNA miR-30e as a negative regulator of Zdhhc21 expression. Through analysis of the post-mortem brain samples in individuals with MDD that died by suicide we find that miR-30e expression is increased, while ZDHHC21 expression, as well as palmitoylation of 5-HT1AR, are reduced within the prefrontal cortex. Our study suggests that downregulation of 5-HT1AR palmitoylation is a mechanism involved in depression, making the restoration of 5-HT1AR palmitoylation a promising clinical strategy for the treatment of MDD.
Swirl flows are used in a wide range of industrial applications. In non-reacting cases, examples of applications include vortex amplifiers and reactors, heat exchangers, jet pumps, and cyclone separators. In reacting cases, swirlers are widely used in combustion systems, such as gas turbines, industrial furnaces, boilers, gasoline and diesel engines, and many other practical heating devices.

The studies proposed in this project are based on different means, including theoretical calculations, numerical modeling, and experimental measurements.

Effects of using swirl on flow and combustion are significant and varied, and concern, for example, aerodynamics, mixing, flame stability, intensity of combustion, and pollutant emissions. The purpose of this book is to present recent research efforts to understand and characterize swirling flows of different types and in different applications. These include gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels in order to enhance combustion systems and their energy efficiency. Swirl flows are very complex.
[Cp*Sb]4 (Cp*=C5 Me5 ) reacts with [L1 Mg]2 and L2 Ga with formation of [(L1 Mg)4 (μ4 ,η1:2:2:2 -Sb4 )] (L1 =iPr2 NC[N(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )]2 , 1) and [(L2 Ga)2 (μ,η2:2 -Sb4 )] (L2 =HC[C(Me)N(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )]2 , 2). The cleavage of the Sb-Sb and Sb-C bonds in [Cp*Sb]4 are the crucial steps in both reactions.

The formation of 1 occurred by elimination of the Cp* anion and formation of Cp*MgL1 , while 2 was formed by reductive elimination of Cp*2 and oxidative addition of L2 Ga to the Sb4 unit.

1 and 2 were characterized by heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and their bonding situation was studied by quantum chemical calculations.
The experiments are performed to study the liquid surface deformations caused by the thermocapillary effect.

The Reflective Synthetic Schlieren method is used to restore the relief of the thin liquid film. The method is based on the analysis of two images of a background points pattern reflected from the free surface. Cross-correlation analysis between the underformed liquid layer and deformed one is used to reconstruct the displacement field. Poisson equation to obtain the free surface deformations is solved numerically.

The technique allows to measure with sensitivity of less than 1 µm.
A report on the X International scientific conference “Ancient Cultures of Mongolia, Baikal Siberia and Northern China” held in Beijing by the People’s University of China (Zhongguo Renmin Daxue) from October 19 to October 22 2019 is presented. Brief descriptions of the papers presented are given.
Objective: To study the monuments of diplomatic correspondence from the sixteenth century as a source of political thought in the successor states of the Golden Horde. Research materials: The messages of Crimean khans, sultans, representatives of ruling groups, Nogai beks and mirzas preserved in translated copies in the ambassadorial books of the Muscovite state. Novelty of the research: For the first time ever, the diplomatic documents of the Crimean khanate and the Nogai Horde are involved in the reconstruction of their period’s corpus of political ideas. Considering the question of the authorship of messages, we proceed with the concept of S.M. Kashtanov about “technical authorship”, in which the authorship is understood as the collective work of rulers, courtiers, bureaucrats, and technical workers on the creation of a letter. Research results: The application of the concept of “corporate authorship” has made it possible to show that diplomatic messages were always a product of some convention possible within the elite that were involved in the development of foreign policy. Translators played an important role in shaping the political language. The messages of the khans, sultans, beks, and mirzas of the successor states of the Golden Horde contain some ideas that can help us to outline the political ideology. Central to it is the thesis of the exclusive right to power of the Chinggisids who could get power only with the general consent of the “political people”. “Evil” and “good” were the most important concepts of thought in the successor states. “Evil” was understood as any change in the established order, and “good” as its preservation. Thus, conservatism and the desire to fix the rituals of power and management practices that had developed earlier in the era of the Golden Horde were the most important concepts for political life in the successor states. This attitude led to the preservation of earlier concepts and terminological language, something which was reflected in the practice of diplomacy when the elusive reality of former power influenced ambassadorial ceremony and the form of messages.
The structural organization of a set of highly repetitive DNA sequences (HRS) of barley (Hordeum vulgare) was studied by blot-hybridization in the genomes of seven Hordeum L. species and several Hordeum x Secale hybrids. The copy numbers of the sequences, and length and intensity of the hybridization fragments varied among barley species; so, this set appeared to be useful as molecular markers for barley species. Structural rearrangements of some HRS were observed in hybrids. It was noteworthy that the genomic changes in the hybrids partially coincided with those that take place during species divergence; so, chromosomal rearrangements are likely to proceed according to certain rules. The possibility of cryptic mobile elements participating in the genomic rearrangements under stress factors of the remote hybridization, is discussed, the primary structure of a Bam HI fragment (999 bp long) of Hordeum vulgare DNA being the example.
The dynamics of water confined in a microporous metal–organic framework was investigated by 1H fast field-cycling nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry, exploring time scales ranging between 10 μs and 0.1 ns in the 25–80 °C temperature interval. The data were interpreted within a dynamic model where molecules bind to the surface hopping among preferential binding sites. The bound molecules are also subject to local faster reorientations. Numerical analysis of the data allowed the characteristic times associated with hops and local anisotropic reorientations to be determined together with their activation energies, as derived through Arrhenius fits. The values of the activation energies, 16 ± 2 and 4.5 ± 0.5 kJ/mol, respectively, were rationalized within the model. 1H magic-angle spinning NMR was used to quantify the water loading level and to obtain evidence on the presence of bound water molecules as required by the dynamic model, whereas molecular simulations were conducted to obtain complementary information on relevant properties, such as the porosity of the matrix, the water binding sites, self-diffusion, and interaction energies in the confined space.
The genus Microschismus Fletcher, 1909 is revised for the first time. Four species are synonymised: M. serricornis Meyrick, 1914 is the junior synonym of M. fortis (Walsingham, 1881); M. ctenias Meyrick, 1911, M. columella Meyrick, 1927 and M. cato Meyrick, 1927 are the junior synonyms of M. antennatus Fletcher, 1909. Three species are described as new: M. lenzi sp. n. (Zimbabwe), M. reginus sp. n., M. sterkfonteini sp. n. (both South Africa). A new subfamily Microschisminae subfam. n. is established. The imago and genitalia of all type specimens are illustrated for the first time. The article contains brief descriptions of imagos of the known species and detailed descriptions of their genitalia. Identification keys based on the external characters of the imago and the male genitalia are provided.
[M(NH3)5Cl][IrCl6], M = Co, Cr, Ru, Rh, and Ir, were proposed as single-source precursors for bimetallic alloys. Upon heating, compounds show endothermic effect which can be corresponded with Ir(iv) reduction and ligand exchange.
The first general estimate in the functional CLT (i.e. in the Invariance Principle) was obtained by A. Borovkov in 1973 in terms of the Lyapunov fractions of order not greater than three.Here we present explicit numerical bounds for the constants in Borovkov's estimate.In addition, we have found similar but more precise estimates in terms of truncated Lyapunov fractions.
Cosmological evolution and particle creation in $$R^2$$ R 2 -modified gravity are considered for the case of the dominant decay of the scalaron into a pair of gauge bosons due to conformal anomaly. It is shown that in the process of thermalization superheavy dark matter with the coupling strength typical for the GUT SUSY can be created. Such dark matter would have the proper cosmological density if the particle mass is close to $$10^{12}$$ 10 12 GeV.
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disease caused by deletion or mutation in SMN1 gene. SMA human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a useful and valid model for the study of the disorder, as they provide in vitro the target cells.

We generated iPSCs from a SMA type I patient and SMA type II patient by using non-integrating episomal plasmid vectors.

The resulting iPSCs are episomal-free, express pluripotency markers, display a normal karyotype, retain the mutation (homozygous deletion of SMN1) and are able to differentiate into the three germ layers.
when the conventional algorithms can fail to deliver an acceptable result

we demonstrate that the high-accuracy computation of the continuous nonlinear spectrum can be performed by using artificial neural networks. We propose the artificial neural network (NN) architecture that can efficiently perform the nonlinear Fourier (NF) optical signal processing. The NN consists of sequential convolution layers and fully connected output layers. This NN predicts only one component of the continuous NF spectrum, such that two identical NNs have to be used to predict the real and imaginary parts of the reflection coefficient. To train the NN, we precomputed 94035 optical signals. 9403 signals were used for validation and excluded from training.

The final value of the relative error for the entire validation dataset was less than 0.3%. Our findings highlight the fundamental possibility of using the NNs to analyze and process complex optical signals