Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The odonate fauna of Tuva in Siberia, Russia, is documented, based mainly on data from expeditions in 1990, 2000 and 2004, and examination of collections preserved in Novosibirsk.The checklist of Tuvinian Odonata presently includes 47 species.In the southern Ubsu-Nur depression 29 species were recorded (two just there); in the Central Tuvinian depression 34 species (six just there) and in the Todzha depression 32 species (nine just there).The fauna of the more humid taiga region of Todzha, separated from the arid remainder of Tuva by the Obruchev Mts, contained some forest species but lacked seven species found elsewhere in Tuva.In spite of Todzha's position in the north-east, its fauna showed a more western character and included a population of Calopteryx splendens with a high proportion of androchromic females and males with wings coloured to the tips.Todzha was also inhabited by Enallagma c. cyathigerum with a variably melanized abdomen, while in the Central Tuvinian and Ubsu-Nur depressions, E. c. risi occurred.In Turan and the Upper Kaa-Khem basin, intergradation between both taxa took place.In Todzha, Somatochlora exuberata and S. metallica abocanica were sympatric without intermediate forms and with habitat segregation, thus proving their status as separate species.Todzha was also inhabited by Ophiogomphus obscurus while the rest ofTuva harboured 0. spinicornis.' 1 Recorded only from Altai within Kazakhstan, absent from Russian part of Altai.' 1 Recorded only from Irkutsk Province, not yet found in Buryatia.
Many metal-organic framework (MOF) compounds exhibit soft porosity—i.e., their lattices can undergo considerable deformation.

Knebel et al. formed membrane layers of the MOF ZIF-8 and found that it was converted into a polar polymorph with a stiffer lattice in response to an applied electric field

This change reduced gas transport but, for certain gas mixtures such as propane and propene, also improved their separation factor.
The initial stages of etching the monoclinic (I) and the orthorhombic (II) polymorphs of paracetamol crystals by a series of agents (10%-solutions of acetic anhydride, pyridine, 1,4dioxane, morpholine, N-methylmorpholine in carbon tetrachloride) were studied and the corresponding etching patterns were compared.For the first time, it was possible to observe different etching patterns when dissolving not only the faces of the crystals parallel to molecular layers, but also the faces normal to the molecular layers.
The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is one of the most precisely measured quantities in experimental particle physics. Its latest measurement at Brookhaven National Laboratory deviates from the Standard Model expectation by approximately 3.5 standard deviations. The goal of the new experiment, E989, now under construction at Fermilab, is a fourfold improvement in precision. Here, we discuss the details of the future measurement and its current status.
The liquid and lyophilized blood plasma of patients with benign or malignant thyroid nodules and healthy individuals were studied by terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy and machine learning. The blood plasma samples from malignant nodule patients were shown to have higher absorption. The glucose concentration and miRNA-146b level were correlated with the sample's absorption at 1 THz. A two-stage ensemble algorithm was proposed for the THz spectra analysis. The first stage was based on the Support Vector Machine with a linear kernel to separate healthy and thyroid nodule participants. The second stage included additional data preprocessing by Ornstein-Uhlenbeck kernel Principal Component Analysis to separate benign and malignant thyroid nodule participants. Thus, the distinction of malignant and benign thyroid nodule patients through their lyophilized blood plasma analysis by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and machine learning was demonstrated.
Absolute luminosity measurements are of general interest for colliding-beam experiments at storage rings. These measurements are necessary to determine the absolute cross-sections of reaction processes and are valuable to quantify the performance of the accelerator. Using data taken in 2010, LHCb has applied two methods to determine the absolute scale of its luminosity measurements for proton-proton collisions at the LHC with a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. In addition to the classic ``van der Meer scan'' method a novel technique has been developed which makes use of direct imaging of the individual beams using beam-gas and beam-beam interactions. This beam imaging method is made possible by the high resolution of the LHCb vertex detector and the close proximity of the detector to the beams, and allows beam parameters such as positions, angles and widths to be determined. The results of the two methods have comparable precision and are in good agreement. Combining the two methods, an overal precision of 3.5% in the absolute luminosity determination is reached. The techniques used to transport the absolute luminosity calibration to the full 2010 data-taking period are presented.
We have synthesized new chiral racemic nitroxide biradical compounds cis-2 and trans-2 and determined their stereochemistry by X-ray crystallographic analyses.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Particularly noteworthy is the fact that the cyclic-nitroxide structure, 2,2,5,5-tetrasubstituted pyrrolidin-1-yloxy (PROXYL) group, is thermally stable enough for repeated heating and cooling cycles below 150 °C in the air.

In order to improve the magnetic and electric properties of LC compounds 1, we have designed the new nitroxide biradical compounds 2 which are expected to serve as the synthetic intermediates for the preparation of unprecedented all-organic biradical LC compounds (Chart 1). Here we report the highly stereoselective synthesis and stereochemistry of racemic cis-2 and trans-2. The synthetic route for racemic cis-(R*,R*)-2 and trans-(R*,R*)-2 is summarized in Scheme 1. We have elaborated a facile one-step transformation of 1,4-cyclohexanedione dioxime 10 to 1,4-dinitrocyclohexane HETEROCYCLES, Vol.78, No. 12, 2009

Thus, this type of PROXYL group has turned out to serve as the robust spin and electric dipole sources for elaborating paramagnetic all-organic functional materials usable below 150 °C.
The article considers the reflection in the Siberian historiography of a particular case from the early history of Yeniseisk -whether the Church of Michael Malein was built in the Yeniseisk ostrog in the 1620s.The version of the existence of such a temple is presented in the works of researchers of the late 19 th century, N.V. Latkin and N.N.Ogloblin, It is also mentioned in the work of the founder of the Yeniseisk Museum of local lore, A.I. Kytmanov, which is titled "Kytman's chronicle".However, the author of the article questions this version.He analyzes the scientific literature of the previous time (published before the 1990s), and finds no mention of such a Church in the works on Siberian history, starting with G.F. Mueller and J.E. Fischer.Historians of later times also have mixed opinions on this issue, although there is no discussion in the scientific literature.Nevertheless, the author believes that the most ardent supporters of the existence of this Church are local historians, for whom the "Kytman's chronicle" is the most authoritative and indisputable source.Considering the documentary sources on the history of the Yeniseisk ostrog of the first decades of its existence, including those cited by N.N.Ogloblin, the author comes to conclusion that it was not advisable to build a second temple in Yeniseisk at that time, which was also reflected in the Royal decision.
We observed generation of stable picoseconds pulse train and double-scale optical lumps with picosecond envelope and femtosecond noise-like oscillations in the same Yb-doped fiber laser with all-positive-dispersion cavity mode-locked due to the effect of non-linear polarization evolution. In the noise-like pulse generation regime the auto-correlation function has a non-usual double (femto- and picosecond) scale shape. We discuss mechanisms of laser switching between two operation regimes and demonstrate a good qualitative agreement between experimental results and numerical modeling based on modified nonlinear Schrödinger equations.
Gypsy moth Lymantria dispar L. 1758 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) is one of the most dangerous forest pests of the Holarctic region. Outbreaks of gypsy moth populations lead to significant defoliation of local forests. Within the vast territory of the West Siberian Plain, we noted the outbreak front movement in the north-east direction with a speed 100-200 km per year. The reason for the outbreak's movement is still unclear because L. dispar females are characterised by limited flight ability, which is not enough to support that movement per se.

Herein, we analysed the mtDNA divergence pattern among L. dispar populations collected from the vast territory of the West Siberian Plain to determine the boundaries of populations and reveal the effect of the outbreak's front movement on mtDNA patterns of populations. The 590-bp region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene of the mitochondrial genome was sequenced for 220 specimens that were collected from 18 localities along a transect line (~ 1400 km).

Our results clearly show that the gypsy moth populations of the vast Siberian territory are not subdivided. This result can be explained by extensive genetic exchange among local populations. Taking into account that the flight ability of L. dispar females is rather limited, we suggest that spreading occurs through ballooning of early instar larvae. This hypothesis was confirmed by the coincidence of the outbreaks' movement direction with that of the dominant winds, complemented by the observation of ballooned larvae far from a forest edge.
We demonstrate advanced experimental approaches to photoacoustic gas detection with tunable mid-infrared (mid-IR) laser sources of different types.

A gas analyzer for registration of various gas components based on a tunable narrow-linewidth optical parametric oscillator (OPO) was designed and investigated. Using this OPO, the possibility of measuring the trace concentration (∼2÷3 ppm) of methane (CH 4 ) in air was experimentally shown. The gas detection capability was enhanced by introducing injection seeding into the OPO. Another gas analyzer was based on a quantum cascade laser (tunable within the range ∼7.6 ÷7.7 μm) and a resonant differential photoacoustic detector.

Detection of the ultra-low concentration (∼0.3 ppm) of methane in air was achieved (the standard dispersion was (1σ) ≍ (10–11) ppb with an integration time of 10 s). We compare the presented approaches and outline their further development.
In the present study, using the molecular dynamics method, we investigated the impact interaction of a spherical cluster of 3C-SiC silicon carbide with a rigid wall at a wide range of velocities. The influence of cluster size on the fracture process was analyzed.
Archaeological and geomorphological studies at several sites near the village of Anzhevka contribute to the understanding of the cultural and chronological situation in the region during the Quaternary. They are especially relevant to intermediate regions such as the Kansk-Rybinsk Basin situated between the Baikal, Angara, and Yenisei drainages.

Rescue excavations near Kansk on the right bank of the Kan River in 2015 yielded numerous finds relating to the Quaternary and the origin of modern topography of that basin. Excavated sites near Anzhevka include Nefteprovod-1 and -2 and Ryabchikov Klyuch-1, spanning the period from the Upper Paleolithic to recent centuries and including five geomorphological segments with different types of Quaternary deposits. The main landscape type at Ryabchikov Klyuch-1 is sharply ridged segmented, and that at Nefteprovod-1 and -2 is defined by structural denudation. It occupies the right edge of the Kan Valley, raised and divided into neotectonic blocks differing in elevation. The nature of the cuts is determined by geomorphological segmentation: the Quaternary stratum begins from the alluvial pack, and in certain areas between the pre-Quaternary sediments and the subaerial cover the alluvium is absent. Cultural layers are deposited in the upper pack, represented by the subaerial cover differing in various areas due to local alluvial erosion and aeolian deflation.

Studies show the peculiar nature of geomorphology and sediments of the area, different from those at Strizhovaya Gora located 3.5 km downstream the Kan River.
Overview of the activity on the development of the new multiple-mirror trap GOL-NB to be built in Budker Institute will be presented. This device to be build in BINP in several years as a deep conversion of the existing GOL-3 facility. The device will consist of a central trap with two 0.75 MW neutral beams, two multiple-mirror solenoids, two expander tanks and a plasma gun that creates start plasma. Plasma will be NBI-heated and confined in the central trap that is essentially a compact version of the GDT device with the well-known physics. The multiple-mirror sections should decrease the power and particle losses along the magnetic field. The main physical task of GOL-NB is the direct performance demonstration of the multiple-mirror sections that will change the escaping plasma flow and equilibrium plasma parameters in the central trap depending on the magnetic configuration chosen. In this paper, we will discuss new results in scenario modeling and progress in the hardware, including neutral beam injection system and start plasma source. First experiments on transport of a (1 – 4)×1020 m−3 cold plasma stream through the 3-meter-long solenoids with 0.5 – 4.5 T field are already completed thus demonstrating the performance of start plasma creation system.
It is shown that in the next-to-leading approximation of N=4 SUSY the BFKL equation for two-gluon composite states in the adjoint representation of the gauge group

can be reduced to a form which is invariant under Moebius transformation in the momentum space. The corresponding similarity transformation of its integral kernel is constructed in an explicit way.
We study connections between four types of modal operators – necessity, possibility, un-necessity and impossibility – over intuitionitstic logic in terms of compositions of these modal operators with intuitionistic negation. We investigate which basic compositions, i.e. compositions of the form ¬δ, δ¬ or ¬δ¬, yield modal operators of the same type over intuitionistic logic as over classical logic. We say that such compositions behave classically. We study which modal properties correspond to each basic compositions behaving classically over intuitionistic logic and also prove that KC constitutes the smallest superintuitionistic logic over which all basic compositions behave classically.
Background: Transcription factors (TFs) are main regulators of eukaryotic gene expression. The cooperative binding to genomic DNA of at least two TFs is the widespread mechanism of transcription regulation. Cooperating TFs can be revealed through the analysis of co-occurrence of their motifs.

Methods: We applied Motifs Co-Occurrence Tool (MCOT) that predicted pairs of spaced or overlapped motifs (composite elements, CEs) for a single ChIP-seq dataset. We improved MCOT capability for prediction of asymmetric CEs with one of participating motifs possessing higher conservation than another does.

Results: Analysis of 119 ChIP-seq datasets for 45 human TFs revealed that almost for all families of TFs the co-occurrence with an overlap between motifs of target TFs and more conserved partner motifs was significantly higher than that for less conserved partner motifs. The asymmetry toward partner TFs was the most clear for partner motifs of TFs from ETS family. Conclusion: Co-occurrence with an overlap of less conserved motif of a target TF and more conserved motifs of partner TFs explained a substantial portion of ChIP-seq data lacking conserved motifs of target TFs. Among other TF families, conservative motifs of TFs from ETS family were the most prone to mediate interaction of target TFs with its weak motifs in ChIP-seq.
The development of bread wheat introgressions with alien genetic material from cultural and wild Triticeae species is an effective method for expanding the wheat gene pool necessary for breeding. To date, numerous collections of introgressions as substitutions and chromosome modifications have been obtained; however, the creation and study of wheat with new valuable traits still remain an important line of research. Rye Secale cereale L., whose chromosomes carry genes that control valuable economic and biological characteristics and properties, is widely used to produce new wheat forms. In this study, a wheat-rye translocation obtained by backcrossing the wheat-rye disomic-substitution line 2R(2D)1 with the variety Novosibirskaya 67 was characterized. The chromosomal composition of karyotypes was studied using fluorescent in situ hybridization and C-banding. Two centric translocations, derived from two long arms of chromosomes 2D and 2R, T2DL.2RL, were identified, the remaining 40 wheat chromosomes did not undergo modifications. Meiosis in the lines was stable. Chromosomes T2DL.2RL formed bivalents in all meiocytes, which confirmed their homology. The morphological characteristics of the spike in the T2DL.2RL line and Novosibirskaya 67 did not differ. A comparative analysis of productivity between the T2DL.2RL translocation line and the parental forms, Novosibirskaya 67 and the 2R(2D)1 line, was carried out. The T2DL.2RL line is inferior to Novosibirskaya 67 in all characters with different confidence levels. The productivity characters of the 2R(2D)1 line exceeded or did not differ from those of T2DL.2RL, however, the mass of 1000 grains was significantly lower. The results showed the effect of the T2DL.2RL translocation on the trait “plant height”. This character was significantly lower than that of Novosibirskaya 67 in two vegetation periods. Consequently, the T2DL.2RL translocation reduces plant height and productivity.
The paper describes experiment devoted to the field reversal in a mirror trap with neutral beam injection, which is planned for realization now in Budker Institute.

The technical details of experimental device and expected plasma parameters are discussed.

In accordance with theoretical predictions, parameters of experimental facility (neutral beam current − 240 atom A, energy of neutrals − 15 keV, magnetic field − 0.2 T, electron temperature 50 eV and target plasma density ∼1013−1014 cm−3) are expected to be sufficient to field reversal in the case, if anomalous ion losses are not essential.
A long, narrow, relativistic charged particle bunch propagating in plasma is subject to the self-modulation (SM) instability. We show that SM of a proton bunch can be seeded by the wakefields driven by a preceding electron bunch. SM timing reproducibility and control are at the level of a small fraction of the modulation period. With this seeding method, we independently control the amplitude of the seed wakefields with the charge of the electron bunch and the growth rate of SM with the charge of the proton bunch. Seeding leads to larger growth of the wakefields than in the instability case.
The inclusive photoproduction of two heavy quarks, separated by a large rapidity interval, is proposed as a new channel for the manifestation of the Balitsky-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov (BFKL) dynamics. The extension to the hadroproduction case is also discussed.
Anopheles atroparvus ( D iptera: C ulicidae) is one of the main malaria vectors of the M aculipennis group in E urope. Cytogenetic analysis based on salivary gland chromosomes has been used in taxonomic and population genetic studies of mosquitoes from this group. However, a high‐resolution cytogenetic map that could be used in physical genome mapping in An. atroparvus is still lacking. In the present study, a high‐quality photomap of the polytene chromosomes from ovarian nurse cells of An. atroparvus was developed. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization, 10 genes from the five largest genomic supercontigs on the polytene chromosome were localized and 28% of the genome was anchored to the cytogenetic map. The study established chromosome arm homology between An. atroparvus and the major African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae , suggesting a whole‐arm translocation between autosomes of these two species. The standard photomap constructed for ovarian nurse cell chromosomes of An. atroparvus will be useful for routine physical mapping. This map will assist in the development of a fine‐scale chromosome‐based genome assembly for this species and will also facilitate comparative and evolutionary genomics studies in the genus Anopheles .
Identifying genetic risk factors for lumbar spine disorders may lead to knowledge regarding underlying mechanisms and the development of new treatments.

We conducted a genome-wide association study involving 100,811 participants with genotypes and longitudinal electronic health record data from the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics Network and Geisinger Health. Cases and controls were defined using validated algorithms and clinical diagnostic codes. Electronic health record–defined phenotypes included low back pain requiring healthcare utilization (LBP-HC), lumbosacral radicular syndrome (LSRS), and lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Genome-wide association study used logistic regression with additive genetic effects adjusting for age, sex, site-specific factors, and ancestry (principal components). A fixed-effect inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis was conducted. Genetic variants of genome-wide significance ( P < 5 × 10 −8 ) were carried forward for replication in an independent sample from UK Biobank.

Phenotype prevalence was 48.8% for LBP-HC, 19.8% for LSRS, and 7.9% for LSS. No variants were significantly associated with LBP-HC. One locus was associated with LSRS (lead variant rs146153280:C>G, odds ratio [OR] = 1.17 for G, P = 2.1 × 10 −9 ), but was not replicated. Another locus on chromosome 2 spanning GFPT1 , NFU1, and AAK1 was associated with LSS (lead variant rs13427243:G>A, OR = 1.10 for A, P = 4.3 × 10 −8 ) and replicated in UK Biobank (OR = 1.11, P = 5.4 × 10 −5 ). This was the first genome-wide association study meta-analysis of lumbar spinal disorders using electronic health record data. We identified 2 novel associations with LSRS and LSS; the latter was replicated in an independent sample.
Possible early diagnostic application of optical methods (dielectrophoresis, spectral and imaging ellipsometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy) in studies of red blood cells and serum of patients with diffuse liver disease with varying degrees of fibrosis has been evaluated. Application of combined optical methods was confirmed to significantly improve the performance of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy index as well as to achieve the reliable results in diagnosis of both severe fibrosis and slight ulterior liver fibrosis. Identified diagnostic potential of optical methods can be effectively utilized in noninvasive screening evaluation of stages of diffuse liver disease of various geneses.