Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The Drosophila Nonspecific Lethal (NSL) complex is a major transcriptional regulator of housekeeping genes. It contains at least seven subunits that are conserved in the human KANSL complex: Nsl1/Wah (KANSL1), Dgt1/Nsl2 (KANSL2), Rcd1/Nsl3 (KANSL3), Rcd5 (MCRS1), MBD-R2 (PHF20), Wds (WDR5) and Mof (MOF/KAT8). Previous studies have shown that Dgt1, Rcd1 and Rcd5 are implicated in centrosome maintenance.

Here, we analyzed the mitotic phenotypes caused by RNAi-mediated depletion of Rcd1, Rcd5, MBD-R2 or Wds in greater detail. Depletion of any of these proteins in Drosophila S2 cells led to defects in chromosome segregation. Consistent with these findings, Rcd1, Rcd5 and MBD-R2 RNAi cells showed reduced levels of both Cid/CENP-A and the kinetochore component Ndc80. In addition, RNAi against any of the four genes negatively affected centriole duplication. In Wds-depleted cells, the mitotic phenotypes were similar but milder than those observed in Rcd1-, Rcd5- or MBD-R2-deficient cells. RT-qPCR experiments and interrogation of published datasets revealed that transcription of many genes encoding centromere/kinetochore proteins (e.g., cid, Mis12 and Nnf1b), or involved in centriole duplication (e.g., Sas-6, Sas-4 and asl) is substantially reduced in Rcd1, Rcd5 and MBD-R2 RNAi cells, and to a lesser extent in wds RNAi cells. During mitosis, both Rcd1-GFP and Rcd5-GFP accumulate at the centrosomes and the telophase midbody, MBD-R2-GFP is enriched only at the chromosomes, while Wds-GFP accumulates at the centrosomes, the kinetochores, the midbody, and on a specific chromosome region.

Collectively, our results suggest that the mitotic phenotypes caused by Rcd1, Rcd5, MBD-R2 or Wds depletion are primarily due to reduced transcription of genes involved in kinetochore assembly and centriole duplication. The differences in the subcellular localizations of the NSL components may reflect direct mitotic functions that are difficult to detect at the phenotypic level, because they are masked by the transcription-dependent deficiency of kinetochore and centriolar proteins.
Multimode fibres provide a promising platform for boosting the capacity of fibre links and the output power of fibre lasers. The complex spatiotemporal dynamics of multimode beams may be controlled in spatial and temporal domains via the interplay of nonlinear, dispersive and dissipative effects. Raman nonlinearity induces beam cleanup in long graded-index fibres within a laser cavity, even for CW Stokes beams pumped by highly-multimode laser diodes (LDs). This leads to a breakthrough approach for wavelength-agile high-power lasers. However, current understanding of Raman beam cleanup is restricted to a small-signal gain regime, being not applicable to describing realistic laser operation.

We solved this challenge by experimentally and theoretically studying pump-to-Stokes beam conversion in a graded-index fibre cavity.

We show that random mode coupling, intracavity filtering and Kerr self-cleaning all play a decisive role for the spatio-spectral control of CW Stokes beams. Whereas the depleted LD pump radiation remains insensitive to them.
Combined experimental and computational investigation shows that the exclusively amorphous nature of MoS5 and WS5 is related to flexible chains in their structures, akin to traditional polymers, making these materials remarkably different from most of the other transition metal chalcogenides that may be obtained in crystalline state. The presented findings are important for both fundamental understanding of possible formation processes of new materials and for promoting their practical uses, as shown on the example of Li-ion batteries. More information can be found in the Full Paper by Sofya B. Artemkina, Andrey N. Enyashin, Ekaterina D. Grayfer et al. on page 1488 in Issue 12, 2019 (DOI: 10.1002/cnma.201900526).
Animals exhibit a wide variety of genetically determined coat colors and pigmentation patterns that serve important roles in adaptation and communication. Although the genetics of the main coat colors in dogs have been studied extensively, there are types of coat pigmentation that have not been explained yet. Recently, an association between the variants in the ASIP gene Ventral (VP) and Hair Cycle (HCP) promoters with different coat colors in dogs has been established.

Here, we used the new findings as a basis to investigate the genetics of the red sesame coat color in Shiba Inu dogs. Our study revealed that red sesame dogs carry a specific heterozygous ASIP promoter diplotype, VP2-HCP1/VP2-HCP3, where VP2-HCP1 is responsible for the red coat with a dark overlay, and VP2-HCP3 for a tan point-like pattern.

This finding explains the inheritance of this coat color pattern and can be used by breeders to produce dogs with this rare phenotype. A comparison of sesame dogs (VP2-HCP1/VP2-HCP3) to a dog homozygous for the VP2-HCP1 promoter haplotype suggests that the incomplete dominance between the ASIP alleles may be involved in the sesame coat formation. These results are in good agreement with the new model explaining how different levels of ASIP gene expression affect the regulation of pigment synthesis in melanocytes.
Mechanochemical methods offer unprecedented academic and industrial opportunities for solvent-free synthesis of novel materials. The need to study mechanochemical mechanisms is growing, and has led to the development of real-time in situ X-ray powder diffraction techniques (RI-XRPD). However, despite the power of RI-XRPD methods, there remain immense challenges. In the present contribution, many of these challenges are highlighted, and their effect on the interpretation of RI-XRPD data considered. A novel data processing technique is introduced for RI-XRPD, through which the solvent-free mechanochemical synthesis of an organic salt is followed as a case study. These are compared to ex situ studies, where notable differences are observed. The process is monitored over a range of milling frequencies, and a nonlinear correlation between milling parameters and reaction rate is observed. Kinetic analysis of RI-XRPD allows, for the first time, observation of a mechanistic shift over the course of mechanical treatment, resulting from time evolving conditions within the mechanoreactor.
Searches for dijet resonances with sub-TeV masses using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider can be statistically limited by the bandwidth available to inclusive single-jet triggers, whose data-collection rates at low transverse momentum are much lower than the rate from Standard Model multijet production. This Letter describes a new search for dijet resonances where this limitation is overcome by recording only the event information calculated by the jet trigger algorithms, thereby allowing much higher event rates with reduced storage needs. The search targets low-mass dijet resonances in the range 450-1800 GeV. The analyzed dataset has an integrated luminosity of up to 29.3 fb$^{-1}$ and was recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No excesses are found; limits are set on Gaussian-shaped contributions to the dijet mass distribution from new particles and on a model of dark-matter particles with axial-vector couplings to quarks.
A comparative study of dispersed catalysts obtained in-situ on the based of Mo and Fe-Co in the process of catalytic steam cracking of vacuum residue in the slurry-reactor was conducted (water : vacuum residue = 0,1 : 1 ratio, temperature – 450 °C, pressure – 2,0 MPa, feed rate – 0.1 kg/h). Samples of the semisynthetic oil were obtained and characterized. In the rectification process the gasoline, diesel, oil and residual fractions were allocated. A complex of physicоchemical methods was applied to the analysis of light and dark petroleum products. Based on the obtained data the performance properties of the studied fractions were compared. The relationship between the redistribution of components within the fractions and the catalytic properties of dispersed catalysts was established. The efficiency of using Fe-Co catalysts to produce semisynthetic oil with an increased content of light fractions in the process of catalytic steam cracking of vacuum residue is shown
Our experimental studies of electron transport in wide (14 nm) HgTe quantum wells confirm the persistence of a two-dimensional topological insulator state reported previously for narrower wells, where it was justified theoretically.

Comparison of local and nonlocal resistance measurements indicate edge state transport in the samples of about 1 mm size at temperatures below 1 K.

Temperature dependence of the resistances suggests an insulating gap of the order of a few meV. In samples with sizes smaller than $10\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ a quasiballistic transport via the edge states is observed.
We report on the design, synthesis and molecular modeling study of conjugates of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and morpholino nucleosides as potential selective inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases-1, 2 and 3. Sixteen dinucleoside pyrophosphates containing natural heterocyclic bases as well as 5-haloganeted pyrimidines, and mimicking a main substrate of these enzymes, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-molecule, have been synthesized in a high yield. Morpholino nucleosides have been tethered to the β-phosphate of ADP via a phosphoester or phosphoramide bond. Screening of the inhibiting properties of these derivatives on the autopoly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of PARP-1 and PARP-2 has shown that the effect depends upon the type of nucleobase as well as on the linkage between ADP and morpholino nucleoside. The 5-iodination of uracil and the introduction of the P-N bond in NAD+-mimetics have shown to increase inhibition properties. Structural modeling suggested that the P-N bond can stabilize the pyrophosphate group in active conformation due to the formation of an intramolecular hydrogen bond. The most active NAD+ analog against PARP-1 contained 5-iodouracil 2'-aminomethylmorpholino nucleoside with IC50 126 ± 6 μM, while in the case of PARP-2 it was adenine 2'-aminomethylmorpholino nucleoside (IC50 63 ± 10 μM). In silico analysis revealed that thymine and uracil-based NAD+ analogs were recognized as the NAD+-analog that targets the nicotinamide binding site. On the contrary, the adenine 2'-aminomethylmorpholino nucleoside-based NAD+ analogs were predicted to identify as PAR-analogs that target the acceptor binding site of PARP-2, representing a novel molecular mechanism for selective PARP inhibition. This discovery opens a new avenue for the rational design of PARP-1/2 specific inhibitors.
Cayley graphs and their recognition and isomorphism problems are studied in combinatorics and discrete mathematics, particularly over groups like Abelian groups.

A polynomial-time algorithm is constructed that, given a graph Γ, finds the full set of nonequivalent Cayley representations over the group D ≅ C_p × C_{p^k}, where p ∈ {2,3} and k ≥ 1, utilizing concepts from graph isomorphism and generating sets.

The recognition and isomorphism problems for Cayley graphs over D can be solved in polynomial time, demonstrating advancements in mathematical computation and graph theory.
The paper deals with questions of the activity of the institution of commissioners during "total collectivization" of agricultural sector.In the beginning of the "Great socialist transformation" a wave of numerous commissioners who were executors of directives fled into the village and supervisors of the activities of the local authorities' activities as well.They performed the most important functions vital to the stability of the system.Commissioners were its "expendable" and continuously replenished and reproduced human resource at the same time.The widespread and application of this institution are indicative of the overburdening of the institutional system power which functioned in emergencies.The scholar investigates the institution within the framework of the structural-functional approach.This approach makes it possible to analyse the activity of the commissioners in the institutional system, to define their functions and role, and to determine the efficacy of their work in the village.The sources are archival documents of the Executive Committee in the Siberian region (krai) and Novosibirsk region (okrug), West-Siberian regional court, Central Control Commission of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, OGPU authorized representative in the Siberian region (krai) and West-Siberian region (krai).The study establishes the functions and powers of the commissioners, the nature of their relationship with the local authorities and the society, the effectiveness of their work in the village, the place, role and importance of the institution in the Bolshevik's system.
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) microscopy is one of the most sensitive label-free microscopy methods, however with low lateral resolution. This drawback is primarily caused by the fact that surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) excited by terahertz (THz) radiation propagate macro distances (about ∼100 1) from their excitation spot, thereby blurring the observed region, like with a scattering medium.

To eliminate this disadvantage, we adapt a method known as ghost imaging (GI), which is notable for its tolerance to environmental aberrations between the object and camera. We propose an optical scheme of SPR microscopy for the THz range with an additional optical arm to implement the classical GI and provide an analysis of factors affecting the image quality. To implement the classical GI in the THz range, we propose to use the Novosibirsk free electron laser (NovoFEL) as a THz radiation source.

The high beam power of the NovoFEL provides a speckle structure with a pronounced profile, which is required to achieve a high level of contrast in the obtained image. Moreover, the large coherence length of the NovoFEL radiation is necessary to ensure a large degree of correlation between the beams emerging from the beam splitter, which allows reconstructing an image with a lower noise level.
Disturbance waves in a downwards annular gas-liquid flow were investigated experimentally and numerically in this study.

In the experiment, the brightness-based laser-induced fluorescence (BBLIF) technique was utilized to obtain high-resolution spatiotemporal measurements for the film thickness. In the simulations, the two-phase system was simulated by the volume of fluid (VOF) method together with newly developed turbulence damping models, without which the turbulence level around the film surface is considerably under-predicted. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons were carried out for the experimental and numerical data, during which a novel method was developed to extract complex wave structures in a direct manner.

Comparisons showed that the model is able to reproduce the main stages of flow evolution, including development of high-frequency initial waves, their coalesce into stable large-scale disturbance waves, generation of slow and fast ripples, and disruption of fast ripples into droplets. The main properties of modeled waves are in decent agreement with the measured ones, apart from noticeably rarer generation of ripples. The presented methods offer a new and promising option to model various energy technology systems, where annular two-phase flow occurs.
Beam self-imaging of ultrashort pulses in nonlinear graded-index (GRIN) multimode optical fibers is of interest for many applications, including spatiotemporal mode-locking in fiber lasers.

We obtained a new analytical description for the nonlinear evolution of a laser beam of arbitrary transverse shape propagating in a GRIN fiber. The longitudinal beam evolution could be directly visualized by means of femtosecond laser pulses, propagating in the anomalous or in the normal dispersion regime, leading to light scattering out of the fiber core via the emission of blue photo-luminescence. As the critical power for self-focusing is approached and even surpassed, a host of previously undisclosed nonlinear effects is revealed, including strong multiphoton absorption by oxygen-deficiency center defects and Germanium inclusions, splitting and shifting of the self-imaging period, filamentation, and conical emission of the guided light bullets.

We discovered that nonlinear loss has a profound influence on the process of high-order spatiotemporal soliton fission. The beam energy carried by the fiber is clamped to a fixed value, and nonlinear bullet attractors with suppressed Raman frequency shift and fixed temporal duration are generated, leading to highly efficient frequency conversion of the input near-infrared femtosecond pulses into mid-infrared multimode solitons.
Fluid inclusions in diamond provide otherwise inaccessible information on the origin and nature of carbonaceous fluid(s) in the mantle.

Here we evaluate the role of subducted volatiles in diamond formation within the Siberian cratonic lithosphere. Specifically, we focus on the halogen (Cl, Br and I) and noble gas (He, Ne and Ar) geochemistry of fluids trapped within cubic, coated and cloudy fibrous diamonds from the Nyurbinskaya kimberlite, Siberia.

Our data show Br/ Cl and I/Cl ratios consistent with involvement of altered oceanic crust, suggesting subduction-derived fluids have infiltrated the Siberian lithosphere. 3He/ 4 He ranging from 2 to 11 R A , indicates the addition of a primordial mantle component to the SCLM. Mantle plumes may therefore act as a trigger to re-mobilise subducted carbon-rich fluids from the sub-continental lithospheric mantle, and we argue this may be an essential process in the formation of fluid-rich diamonds, and kimberlitic magmatism.
The article gives a comparative description of legal status of persons with mental disorders as provided for by the legislation of Russia and Germany: incapacity, limited capacity, temporary incapacity to understand the meaning of one's actions or to control them in the course of transaction or infliction of harm.The analysis of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and the German Civil Code showed that these statuses have similar features in Russia and Germany: a) they are of a legal status; b) they are primarily caused by a mental disorder; с) they indicate a person's incapacity to understand the meaning of one's actions or control them.However, there are differences in legal regulation of these statuses: a) the number of legislatively fixed legal statuses is different; b) the terminology for a medical criterion of these statuses is different; с) the institute of incapacitation is legislated differently, etc.Yet, this does not impede the improvement of the norms of the civil law in Russia and Germany regarding these legal statuses, taking the countries' positive practice into account.
The main problems of constructing multiregional input-output (IO) models used for the development of spatial and sectoral long-term national economy forecasts are caused by the absence of proper statistics. Therefore, it is necessary to make up the input-output tables (IOTs) based on a limited set of direct and indirect indicators that measure spatial patterns of production, consumption, capital formation, etc., sufficiently accurate for filling up multiregional IO models.

The paper discusses Russian IOT spatial mapping problems and proposes an approach to partial automation of the procedures necessary for regional IOT construction (by federal districts). The regionalization was carried out using a static IO model with the bounding sum control. As a result, a set of consistent regional tables for 2015 was developed, with the eight IOT sum equalling Russia’s IOT.

Based on the estimated regional IOTs, a static multiregional input-output model (OMIOM) across federal districts for 2015 was made up. The model allows us to proceed to the follow-up phase, i. e., developing a semi-dynamic model for long-term national economic projection computations.
Levitating droplets of liquid condensate are known to organize themselves into ordered arrays over hot liquid-gas interfaces. We report experimental observation of similar behaviour over a dry heated substrate in the vicinity of the triple-phase contact line with high local evaporation rate. It was found that there is an area near the contact line, where no levitating droplets are observed. The width of this area increases with the substrate temperature. Also, it was found that the distance between adjacent levitating droplets increases with the temperature.
8-Oxoguanine (8-oxoG), a mutagenic DNA lesion generated under oxidative stress, differs from its precursor guanine by only two substitutions (O8 and H7). Human 8-oxoguanine glycosylase 1 (OGG1) can locate and remove 8-oxoG through extrusion and excision. To date, it remains unclear how OGG1 efficiently distinguishes 8-oxoG from a large excess of undamaged DNA bases. We recently showed that formamidopyrimidine–DNA glycosylase (Fpg), a bacterial functional analog of OGG1, can selectively facilitate eversion of oxoG by stabilizing several intermediate states, and it is intriguing whether OGG1 also employs a similar mechanism in lesion recognition.

Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to explore the mechanism by which OGG1 discriminates between 8-oxoG and guanine along the base-eversion pathway. The MD results suggest an important role for kinking of the DNA by the glycosylase, which positions DNA phosphates in a way that assists lesion recognition during base eversion. The computational predictions were validated through experimental enzyme assays on phosphorothioate substrate analogs.

Our simulations suggest that OGG1 distinguishes between 8-oxoG and G using their chemical dissimilarities not only at the active site but also at earlier stages during base eversion, and this mechanism is at least partially conserved in Fpg despite a lack of structural homology. The similarity also suggests that lesion recognition through multiple gating steps may be a common theme in DNA repair. Our results provide new insight into how enzymes can exploit kinetics and DNA conformational changes to probe the chemical modifications present in DNA lesions.
The results of an experimental study of the flow structure in the near zone of an annular swirling jet are presented.

The data were obtained using a two-component laser-Doppler anemometer for the annular jets with a swirl angle of 0–60°. The results of measurements of the average velocity and pulsations in the near jet region (up to 5 diameters of the outer ring) are presented.

Based on the analysis performed, it is shown that formation of an internal toroidal vortex near the nozzle plays an important role in the flow dynamics and the process of annular jet mixing. Formation of a stationary toroidal vortex outside the ring is also noted. These structures determine the flow in the near zone of the jet. With the studied Reynolds numbers, this character of the flow in the near zone leads to an increase in the mixing rate, high degree of turbulence, and an increase in the jet ejection capacity.