Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Comorbidity, a co-incidence of several disorders in an individual, is a common phenomenon. Their development is governed by multiple factors, including genetic variation.

The current study was set up to look at associations between isolated and comorbid diseases of bronchial asthma and hypertension, on one hand, and single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with regulation of gene expression (eQTL), on the other hand. A total of 96 eQTL SNPs were genotyped in 587 Russian individuals.

Bronchial asthma alone was found to be associated with rs1927914 (TLR4), rs1928298 (intergenic variant), and rs1980616 (SERPINA1); hypertension alone was found to be associated with rs11065987 (intergenic variant); rs2284033 (IL2RB), rs11191582 (NT5C2), and rs11669386 (CARD8); comorbidity between asthma and hypertension was found to be associated with rs1010461 (ANG/RNASE4), rs7038716, rs7026297 (LOC105376244), rs7025144 (intergenic variant), and rs2022318 (intergenic variant). The results suggest that genetic background of comorbidity of asthma and hypertension is different from genetic backgrounds of both diseases manifesting isolated.
The Fejer sums for measures on the circle and the norms of the deviations from the limit in von Neumann's ergodic theorem are calculated, in fact, using the same formulas (by integrating the Fejer kernels) and so, this ergodic theorem is a statement about the asymptotics of the Fejer sums at zero for the spectral measure of the corresponding dynamical system.It made it possible, having considered the integral Holder condition for signed measures, to prove a theorem that unies both following well-known results: classical S.N.Bernstein's theorem on polynomial deviations of the Fejer sums for Holder functions and theorem about polynomial rates of convergence in von Neumann's ergodic theorem.
The article reviews the Russian and foreign literature, systematizes methodological approaches to the concept of "resource-type region"

based on the tools of the panel data model, identifies the most significant factors that affect the socio-economic life of the regions where GRP was selected as a dependent variable

it was shown how the characteristics of the regions change depending on their affiliation
A physical and mathematical model of detonation of aluminum particle gas suspensions of in a wide range of particle sizes from several micrometers to tens of nanometers is presented. In the description of transport properties of particles in the flow and interphase heat transfer, the transition from the continuum regime to the free-molecular regime is considered. The description of aluminum particle combustion is based on the reduced Arrhenius-type kinetics. We take into account the transition from the diffusion type of combustion of large particles to the kinetic type for particles smaller than 1 micrometer. The reaction constants were obtained from the data of experiments on the dependence of the burning time of nano-sized particles on the temperature and pressure of the surrounding gas and the particle diameter. Examples of Chapman-Jouguet detonation structures are given. The boundaries of the applicability of the continual description of thermal dynamics in the detonation of particle suspensions in gas are determined.
Purpose: To study the impact of social support (indices of close contacts and social networks) on the risk of arterial hypertension (AH) in an open population of 25-64 years in Novosibirsk.

Methods: A random representative sample of the population of both sexes of 25-64 years old in Novosibirsk in 1994 (men: n = 657 44.3 ± 0.4 years response - 82.1% women: n = 689 45.4 ± 0.4 years response - 72.5%). The screening survey program included: registration of socio-demographic data determination of the level of social support (ICC - index of close contacts SNI - index of social networks). The period of prospective follow-up of participants was 16 years.

Results: In the open population of 25-64 years low rates of ICC and SNI were in 62% and 43.5% of men and 56.8% and 33.9% of women. During the first 5 years the risk of hypertension in men and women with a low ICC was the same in men HR = 2.063 (95% CI 1.019-5.213 p <0.05) and women with HR = 2.009 (95% CI 1.025- 3.938 p <0.05). The increase in the risk of AH in persons with low SNI over 5 years was higher in men in 5.9 (95% CI 1.278-8.361 p <0.05) times 10 years later the risk of developing AH in women 25-64 was 1.884 (95% CI 1.09-3.255 p <0.05). The risk of hypertension was highest among men: never married divorced and widowed with low ICC and SNI. Among women at risk were widowed women with low ICC as well as women with primary education with low ICC and SNI. Conclusion: Low level of social support increased the risk of AH in men and women.
For the benefit of future clinical studies, it is critical to establish what constitutes a "normal" gut microbiome, if it exists at all.

Through fecal samples and questionnaires, Falony et al. and Zhernakova et al. targeted general populations in Belgium and the Netherlands, respectively.

Gut microbiota composition correlated with a range of factors including diet, use of medication, red blood cell counts, fecal chromogranin A, and stool consistency. The data give some hints for possible biomarkers of normal gut communities.
These sibling species differ by a series of chromosomal rearrangements (fusions, inversions, centromere shifts and heterochromatin insertions).

To make insight into the cytological basis of reproductive isolation, we examined chromosome synapsis and recombination in sterile male and female hybrids between Microtus arvalis and M. levis.

We found that meiosis in male hybrids was arrested at leptotene with complete failure of chromosome pairing and DNA double-strand breaks repair. In the female hybrids meiosis proceeded to pachytene; however, the oocytes varied in the degree of pairing errors. Some of them demonstrated almost correct chromosome pairing, while most of them contained a varying number of univalents and multivalents with extensive regions of asynapsis and non-homologous synapsis. Variation between oocytes was probably caused by stochasticity in the ratio of homologous to non-homologous pairing initiations. We suggest that substantial chromosomal and genetic divergence between the parental species affects preliminary alignment of homologues, homology search and elimination of ectopic interhomologue interactions that are required for correct homologous pairing. Apparently, pairing failure in male and aberrant synapsis in female vole hybrids followed by meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromatin cause apoptosis of gametocytes and sterility.
In the current work we demonstrate mode-locked fiber laser with automatic adjustment a coherence degree of the output pulses. As a source of the pulses we used 8-figure fiber laser with two amplifying fibers inside both loops of the laser cavity. Such configuration provides various pulsed regimes that have different degree of coherence from fully mode-locked single scale pulses to partly mode-locked double scale pulses. To search a pulsed regime with defined parameters we applied automatic genetic algorithm. To prove the feasibility of the genetic algorithm we applied it to find double – scale pulsed regimes with a fixed envelope duration of 50 ps and the contrast of the coherence peak in range of 0.02 – 0.5.
The obtained results were compared with well know correlations for vapour bubble growth in pure water.

Dynamics of vapour bubbles during nucleate flow boiling in a microchannel was investigated by means of high-speed shooting, with recording speeds up to 775 000 frames per second. A method to precisely determine bubble growth incipience moment is proposed.

Good agreement has been met.
This electrostatic problem was solved long ago, and its gravitational analogue - even earlier. However, it seems that physics students are not aware of the solution, because it is not presented in textbooks.

We calculate the electrostatic potential and electric field of a uniformly charged disk everywhere in space.

The purpose of the present article is to fill this gap in the pedagogical literature.
Many late replicating regions are underreplicated in polytene chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. These regions contain silenced chromatin and overlap long syntenic blocks of conserved gene order in drosophilids. In this report we show that in D. melanogaster the underreplicated regions are enriched with fast-evolving genes lacking homologs in distant species such as mosquito or human, indicating that the phylogenetic conservation of genes correlates with replication timing and chromatin status. Drosophila genes without human homologs located in the underreplicated regions have higher nonsynonymous substitution rate and tend to encode shorter proteins when compared with those in the adjacent regions. At the same time, the underreplicated regions are enriched with ultraconserved elements and highly conserved noncoding sequences, especially in introns of very long genes indicating the presence of an extensive regulatory network that may be responsible for the conservation of gene order in these regions. The regions have a modest preference for long noncoding RNAs but are depleted for small nucleolar RNAs, microRNAs, and transfer RNAs. Our results demonstrate that the underreplicated regions have a specific genic composition and distinct pattern of evolution.
The accumulation of human capital is an important factor of economic growth. It seems to be useful to include «human capital» as a factor of a macroeconomic model, as it helps to take into account the quality differentiation of the workforce. Most of the models usually distinguish labor force by the levels of education, while some of the factors remain unaccounted. Among them are health status and culture development level, which influence productivity level as well as gross product reproduction. Inclusion of the human capital block to the interindustry model can help to make it more reliable for economic development forecasting. The article presents a mathematical description of the extended dynamic input-output model (DIOM) with a human capital block. The extended DIOM is based on the Input-Output Model from The KAMIN system (the System of Integrated Analyses of Interindustrial Information) developed at the Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the Russian Federation and at the Novosibirsk State University. The extended input-output model can be used to analyze and forecast development of Russian economy.
The success of topological insulators (TI) in creating devices with unique functionalities is directly connected to the ability of coupling their helical spin states to well defined perturbations. However, up to now, TI-based heterostructures always resulted in very disordered interfaces, characterized by strong mesoscopic fluctuations of the chemical potential which make the spin-momentum locking ill-defined over length scales of few nanometers or even completely destroy topological states. These limitations call for the ability to control topological interfaces with atomic precision.

Here, we demonstrate that molecular self-assembly processes driven by inherent interactions among the constituents offer the opportunity to create well-defined networks at TIs surfaces. Even more remarkably, we show that the symmetry of the overlayer can be finely controlled by appropriate chemical modifications. By analyzing the influence of the molecules on the TI electronic properties, we rationalize our results in terms of the charge redistribution taking place at the interface.

Overall, our approach offers a precise and fast way to produce tailor-made nanoscale surface landscapes. In particular, our findings make organic materials ideal TIs counterparts, since they offer the possibility to chemically tune both electronic and magnetic properties within the same family of molecules, thereby bringing us a significant step closer towards an application of this fascinating class of materials.
The present work aimed to prepare Ni-Mo particles distributed within the MgO matrix.

With this purpose in mind, a ternary Ni-Mo-Mg oxide system was synthesized by a sol-gel approach. The samples were studied by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction analysis, and transmission electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analysis. Both the nickel and molybdenum species in the prepared samples were characterized by a fine and uniform distribution. The diffraction pattern of the ternary system was predominantly represented by the MgO reflections. The catalytic activity of the samples was tested in the decomposition of 1,2-dichloroethane used as a representative of the chlorinated organic wastes.

The nanostructured carbon filaments resulting from the decomposition of the halogenated substrate were found to be characterized by a narrow diameter distribution, according to the transmission electron microscopy data, thus confirming the fine distribution of the active Ni-Mo particles. The results obviously show the advantages of the sol-gel technique for obtaining efficient catalysts.
РЕШЕНИЕ ЭЛЛИПТИЧЕСКИХ УРАВНЕНИЙ В ПОЛИГОНАЛЬНЫХ ОБЛАСТЯХ МЕТОДОМ КОЛЛОКАЦИИ И НАИМЕНЬШИХ КВАДРАТОВ
Nowadays interest in the problem of the “resource curse” has increased. This article examines the patterns of functioning of the “resource curse” in 41 countries, classified by different groups of income and oil production for the period of 1990-2016, based on the analysis of panel data. The results of cross-country econometric studies of the effects of resource dependence are presented, the consequences in terms of economic growth were analyzed, and the situation taking place in Russia was estimated.
The work considers geochemical aspects of the natural and man-made system for storing radioactive waste (RW) from one of the Siberian enterprises of the fuel and nuclear cycle. Careful geochemical testing of key sites of the system allows us to identify geochemical barriers that prevent the spread of uranium outside the sludge storage. In addition, experiments were conducted on the leaching of the sludge material in the laboratory using modern methods for determining the composition of solutions and solid phases, as well as experiments on uranium sorption on the main types of subsoil. Experimental and thermodynamic modeling of uranium deposition processes confirms that the system studied satisfactorily copes with the absorption of uranium taken out of the sludge storage due to dilution and sorption on rocks and bottom sediments. Particularly favorable are bottom sediments rich in organic matter, which bind uranium to organic-mineral complexes.
The article deals with the problem of integration of corporate social activities of mining enterprises in the regions of the Far North.

A tool for assessing the long-term prospects of the company's activities in the context of environmental and social significance for local communities has been developed.

In addition, the problems of regions and single-industry towns, which are highly dependent on the development of the driver company, are considered.
This paper considers the Fanti and ManfrediGoodwinian two-dimensional model that stabilizes growth cycle by profit-sharing, although a long-term employment rate declines, whereas the stationary relative wage is not affected.For checking robustness of profit-sharing, flexible production capacity utilization is included.The Phillips -Wolfstetter -Flaschel "capricious" investment function destroys stability of a non-trivial stationary state.Adding "neoclassically" balanced government taxes and expenditures results in attaining stable stationary state in a three-dimensional model.Yet stationary labor share and stationary employment ratio becomes lower than in the initial model.This paper revises the preceding equations.The first non-linear three-dimensional model implements proportional and derivative control over growth rate of profit.This rate depends on a gap between the indicated and current employment ratios and on growth rate of this ratio.The second four-dimensional model redefines this combined control applying excess income levy that equals subsidy.The previous models enable extreme condition tests for these Goodwinian and non-Goodwinian models.Parametric policy optimization shortens a transient to a deliberately high target employment ratio without lowering stationary relative wage against the Goodwinian models.The proposed policies enhance stability and efficiency of capital accumulation; they also provide stronger gains for workers' well-being.
Classical metrics (Eguchi–Hanson, Taub–NUT, Fubini–Study) satisfy a certain system of ODE that we introduced. By studying this system we found new Ricci-flat incomplete Riemannian metric in explicit formula and described its behavior at infinity and in the singular point.
Aim. To analyze major epidemiological parameters of multiple myeloma, i.e. registered incidence, prevalence, mortality, and survival in Novosibirsk, megalopolis in Siberian Federal District. Materials & Methods. The study covered medical records of 335 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) treated from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2016 at the Center of Hematology in Novosibirsk. Median age was 67 years (range 30-89), the trial enrolled 218 (65 %) women and 117 (35 %) men. Results. Over the last decade the mean registered MM incidence in Novosibirsk increased by 1.6 times, and MM prevalence increased by 4.9 times. These parameters correspond to 2.4 and 13.8 per 100,000 population per year, respectively, with the linear trend of growth which demonstrates not only the increased number of patients with newly diagnosed MM, but the increased longevity of them. MM incidence and prevalence parameters are significantly higher in women than in men, which most probably can be accounted for by specific administrative factors in the Novosibirsk region. Yearly mortality of MM patients decreased from 28.3 % to 8.2 % with a negative linear trend over the entire analyzed period, which is most likely to be associated with availability of new drugs and transplantation procedures. Conclusion. The obtained epidemiological data will enable to plan the provision of timely and effective care for MM patients and to elaborate a system of judicious allocation of costly equipment and drugs.
There is a growing body of evidence that the common ancestor of vertebrates had a bimodal karyotype, i.e. consisting of large macrochromosomes and small microchromosomes. This type of karyotype organization is preserved in most reptiles. However, certain species independently experience microchromosome fusions. The evolutionary forces behind this are unclear.

We investigated the karyotype of the green spiny lizard, Sceloporus malachiticus, an iguana species which has 2n=22, whereas the ancestral karyotype of iguanas had 2n=36. We obtained and sequenced flow-sorted chromosome-specific DNA samples and found that most of the microchromosome fusions in this species involved sex chromosomes. To test the hypothesis that the karyotypic shift could be associated with changes in recombination patterns, and to study sex chromosome synapsis and recombination in meiosis, we performed synaptonemal complex analysis in this species and in S. variabilis, a related species with 2n=34.

We found that certain ancestral squamate chromosomes, such as the homologue of the Anolis carolinensis chromosome 11, are repeatedly involved in sex chromosome formation in different species. We found that in the species studied the recombination patterns correlate more with phylogeny than with the structure of the karyotype. The sex chromosomes had two distal pseudoautosomal regions and a medial differentiated region.
Recently, terahertz Bessel beams with angular orbital momentum ('vortex beams') with topological charges l = ±1 and l = ±2 were generated for the first time using radiation of the Novosibirsk free electron laser (NovoFEL) and silicon binary phase axicons (Knyazev et al., Phys. Rev. Letters, vol. 115, Art. 163901, 2015). Such beams are prospective for application in wireless communication and remote sensing.

In present paper, numerical modelling of generation and transformation of vortex beams based on the scalar diffraction theory has been performed.

It was shown that the Bessel beams with the diameters of the first ring of 1.7 and 3.2 mm for topological charges ±1 and ±2, respectively, propagate at a distance up to 160 mm without dispersion. Calculation showed that the propagation distance can be increased by reducing of the radiation wavelength or using a telescopic system. In the first case, the propagation distance grows up inversely proportional to the wavelength, whereas, in the latter case the propagation distance increases as a square of a ratio of the telescope lenses foci. Modelling of the passing of the vortex Bessel beams through a random phase screen and amplitude obstacles showed the self-healing ability of the beams. Even if an obstacle with a diameter of 10 mm blocks several central rings of Bessel beam, it reconstructs itself after passing a length of about 100 mm. Results of the simulations are in a good agreement with the experimental data, when the latter exist.
High mass and volumetric heat of combustion makes boron a promising component of solid fuel for ramjet-propulsion systems. Its application is limited by the complexity of the organization of combustion with a high effectivity. Experimental studies of single boron particles combustion demonstrate several unique features not specific for other materials: a variable ignition temperature, two combustion stages, a drastic reduction of the burning rate for particles size of several microns and less. Models that try to predict combustion rate in the entire range of temperatures, concentrations and particle sizes are not physically obvious, difficult to reproduce, and do not show desirable for real applications accuracy.

A simple diffusion model of combustion of boron particles is proposed

it describes the combustion of 34.5 and 44.2 micron particles at temperatures above 2240 K with 20% error.