Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The article is devoted to the simulation of nonlinear waves on a liquid film flowing under gravity in the known stress field at the interface. In the case of small Reynolds numbers the problem is reduced to the consideration of solutions of the nonlinear integral-differential equation for film thickness deviation from the undisturbed level. Weakly nonlinear steady-state traveling solutions of the equation with wave numbers in a vicinity of neutral wave numbers are constructed analytically. The nature of the wave branching from the undisturbed solution is investigated. Steady-state traveling solutions, whose wave numbers within the instability area are far from neutral wave numbers, are found numerically.
Nowadays, infrared thermography (IRT) attracts attention as an efficient tool for adsorption-desorption studies of porous materials [1][2][3][4], especially, of silica gels and zeolites.These studies help to optimize the gas purification and separation processes [4], and to improve monitoring and controlling fire and explosion hazards in the industry [3].The fundamental problem, which should be solved here, is to obtain a further insight into the physics of processes occurring on the surface of materials with a developed inner structure, that, in turn, is important for applications to catalysis.Until recently, experimental thermographic investigation of adsorption boiled down to obtaining the temperature profiles, which appeared and moved along or across adsorbent bed.Meanwhile, information about the real processes, which occur within a single particle, is needed to simulate properly the heat and mass transfer in such media.

The aim of this work is the solution for the last problem.The particles were placed in a glass filter funnel (figure 1a), in which the gas mixture was fed at the bottom via digital flow controller of the textural characteristics analyzer 'Termosorb' (Russia).The applied technology has allowed us to quantify the adsorption-desorption characteristics of separate particles of different solid adsorbents.Spatial (angular) resolution of a standard lens of an infrared camera permits to detect the temperature variation in an extended adsorbent bed, but usually it is not designed to study a single particle or separate particles in the bed.For this functionality, we made a special laboratory setup, which was equipped with an additional quartz lens and permitted to resolve separate particles (figure 1b).Figure 2 shows typical thermograms of the particles in the adsorption mode (left) and desorption mode (right).Here are shown some control points at which the temperature was measured for the quantitative description of the processes.The checkpoints indicated near pellets were used in high-sensitive regimes to compensate an excessive background level associated with the reflection of infrared radiation from the structural.

It is found that the adsorption and desorption processes on the particles occur in different ways depending on the flow velocity of the adsorbate and the particle size.The comparative experimental examples for the adsorption characteristics for values of flow of the water vapor-nitrogen mixture of 1 ml/s and 0.5 ml/s are shown in figure 3.In particular, the particle size reduction at low-flow experiments results in the shift of the temperature curve maximum to shorter times.
Критический размер террасы кремния (001)для зарождения вакансионных островков при высокотемпературном отжиге

Е. Е. Родякина 1, 2 , С. В. Ситников 1 , А. В
Winter wheat growing areas in the Northern hemisphere are regularly exposed to heavy frost. Due to the negative impact on yield, the identification of genetic factors controlling frost tolerance (FroT) and development of tools for breeding is of prime importance.

Here, we detected QTL associated with FroT by genome wide association studies (GWAS) using a diverse panel of 276 winter wheat genotypes that was phenotyped at five locations in Germany and Russia in three years. The panel was genotyped using the 90K iSelect array and SNPs in FroT candidate genes. In total, 17,566 SNPs were used for GWAS resulting in the identification of 53 markers significantly associated (LOD ≥4) to FroT, corresponding to 23 QTL regions located on 11 chromosomes (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A, 3D, 4A, 5A, 5B and 7D).

The strongest QTL effect confirmed the importance of chromosome 5A for FroT. In addition, to our best knowledge, seven FroT QTLs were discovered for the first time in this study comprising QTLs on chromosomes 3A, 4A, 1B, and two on chromosomes 2D, 3D, and 7D. Identification of novel FroT candidate genes will help to better understand the FroT mechanism in wheat and to develop more effective combating strategies.
The very to ultra high energy gamma-ray regime up to several 100 TeV is the key to spectrally resolve the cutoff regime of the long-sought Pevatrons, the Galactic cosmic-ray PeV accelerators.

One component of the TAIGA hybrid detector is the TAIGA-HiSCORE shower-front sampling timing array, which currently consists of 28 wide angle (0.6 sr) air Cherenkov timing stations distributed on an area of 0.25 km², and which will be doubled in area by fall 2017. We report on the status and first results of the HiSCORE timing array after the first 2 operation seasons, including calibration studies on timing and pointing, cross calibration with data from the first TAIGA-IACT, observations with the timing array of a LIDAR operating on the ISS.

a measurement of the Cosmic Ray spectrum, and a systematic search for high energy gamma-rays from Galactic sources such as the Crab.
Photoactive transition metal compounds that are prone to reversible redox reactions are important for myriad applications, including catalysis, optoelectronics, and sensing.

This article describes chemical and electrochemical methods to prepare cluster complex (Bu4N)[{Mo6I8}Cl6], a rare example of a 23 e– cluster complex within the family of octahedral clusters of Mo, W, and Re.

The low temperature and room temperature crystal structures; electronic structure; and the magnetic, optical, and electrochemical properties of this complex are described.
This paper presents an extension to three-dimensional hierarchical meshes of results proposed recently by Giannelli and Jüttler for two-dimensional hierarchical meshes.

We prove that the dimension of trivariate tensor-product spline space of tri-degree (m,m,m) with maximal order of smoothness over a three-dimensional domain coincides with the number of tensor-product B-spline basis functions acting effectively on the domain considered. A domain is required to belong to a certain class.

This enables us to show that, for a certain assumption about the configuration of a hierarchical mesh, hierarchical B-splines span the spline space.
Origins of superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) discovered by recent SN surveys are still not known well. One idea to explain the huge luminosity is the collision of dense CSM and SN ejecta. If SN ejecta is surrounded by dense CSM, the kinetic energy of SN ejecta is efficiently converted to radiation energy, making them very bright.

To see how well this idea works quantitatively, we performed numerical simulations of collisions of SN ejecta and dense CSM by using one-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics code STELLA and obtained light curves (LCs) resulting from the collision.

First, we show the results of our LC modeling of SLSN 2006gy. We find that physical parameters of dense CSM estimated by using the idea of shock breakout in dense CSM (e.g., Chevalier & Irwin 2011, Moriya & Tominaga 2012) can explain the LC properties of SN 2006gy well. The dense CSM's radius is about 10^16 cm and its mass about 15 M⊙. It should be ejected within a few decades before the explosion of the progenitor. We also discuss how LCs change with different CSM and SN ejecta properties and origins of the diversity of H-rich SLSNe. This can potentially be a probe to see diversities in mass-loss properties of the progenitors. Finally, we also discuss a possible signature of SN ejecta-CSM interaction which can be found in H-poor SLSN.
The paper considers the large-scale characteristics of counter-current gas-liquid flow in the column filled with Mellapak 500Y structured packing. The effect of ascending gas flow on the development of capillary-gravitational instability is determined using flow pattern observations, local liquid flow rate characterization and pressure drop measurements. The correlation for prediction of the critical gas flow factor corresponded to flow flooding is proposed and verified.
A series of berberine and tetrahydroberberine sulfonate derivatives were prepared and tested against the tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) DNA-repair enzyme.

The berberine derivatives inhibit the Tdp1 enzyme in the low micromolar range; this is the first reported berberine based Tdp1 inhibitor. A structure–activity relationship analysis revealed the importance of bromine substitution in the 12-position on the tetrahydroberberine scaffold. Furthermore, it was shown that the addition of a sulfonate group containing a polyfluoroaromatic moiety at position 9 leads to increased potency, while most of the derivatives containing an alkyl fragment at the same position were not active. According to the molecular modeling, the bromine atom in position 12 forms a hydrogen bond to histidine 493, a key catalytic residue.

The cytotoxic effect of topotecan, a clinically important topoisomerase 1 inhibitor, was doubled in the cervical cancer HeLa cell line by derivatives 11g and 12g; both displayed low toxicity without topotecan. Derivatives 11g and 12g can therefore be used for further development to sensitize the action of clinically relevant Topo1 inhibitors.
Let φP(C6) (respectively, φT(C6)) be the minimum integer k with the property that every 3-polytope (respectively, every plane triangulation) with minimum degree 5 has a 6-cycle with all vertices of degree at most k. In 1999, S. Jendrol' and T. Madaras proved that 10≤φT(C6)≤11. It is also known, due to B. Mohar, R. Škrekovski and H.-J. Voss (2003), that φP(C6)≤107.

We prove that φP(C6)=φT(C6)=11.

We prove that φP(C6)=φT(C6)=11.
We report the results of the feasibility study of using LoRa modulation for radio communications between CubeSat at low Earth orbit and ground station.

The main goal of the study is to define how Doppler effect affects a LoRa radio link. Results of laboratory testing have shown high immunity of LoRa radio link to Doppler shift

and a possibility to use LoRa modulation in CubeSat radio communications without any limitations.
We apply the BLM scale setting procedure directly to amplitudes (cross sections) of several semihard processes.

It is shown that, due to the presence of β0-terms in the NLA results for the impact factors, the obtained optimal renormalization scale is not universal, but depends both on the energy and on the process in question.

We illustrate this general conclusion considering the following semihard processes: (i) inclusive production of two forward high-pT jets separated by large interval in rapidity (Mueller-Navelet jets); (ii) high-energy behavior of the total cross section for highly virtual photons; (iii) forward amplitude of the production of two light vector mesons in the collision of two virtual photons.
Obwohl der cyclo‐P 6 ‐Komplex [(Cp*Mo) 2 (μ,η 6 :η 6 ‐P 6 )] ( 1 ) vor 30 Jahren beschrieben wurde, ist nur sehr wenig über seine Chemie bekannt. Hier berichten wir über die Synthese von Komplex 1 in hohen Ausbeuten, eines weiteren Komplexes 2 , der einen beispiellosen cyclo‐P 10 ‐Liganden besitzt, und die Reaktivität von 1 gegenüber den “nackten” Kationen Cu + , Ag + und Tl + . Neben der Bildung der einfachen Oxidationsprodukte 3 a , b , die eine bis‐allylische Verzerrung des cyclo‐P 6 ‐Mitteldecks zeigen, werden [M( 1 ) 2 ] + ‐Komplexe beschrieben, die verzerrt quadratisch‐planar (M=Cu ( 4 a ), Ag ( 4 b )) oder verzerrt tetraedrisch koordinierte (M=Cu ( 5 )) M + ‐Kationen aufweisen. Die verwendeten Lösungsmittel ermöglichen die Kontrolle der Reaktionsprodukte, was für Cu + mittels Pulver‐XRD belegt wurde und durch DFT‐Rechnungen bestätigt wird. Die Reaktion mit Tl + ergibt ein schichtartiges zweidimensionales Koordinationsnetzwerk im Festkörper.
Using experimental data obtained from the network of stations installed on Kambalny volcano in the period from July 2018 to July 2019, a set of correlation functions was obtained and its preliminary interpretation was carried out. Works aimed at quality control of the obtained cross-correlation functions have been performed. We have identified considerable variations of the frequency-amplitude characteristics of the cross-correlation functions at small times, as well as significant shifts of the derived phases in large correlation times. Such variations of the cross-correlation patterns may indicate the existence of distinct time periods with different types of seismicity, as well as strong variations of mechanical properties of rocks. In turn, this might be an evidence for the ongoing activity of the magmatic system beneath the Kambalny volcano.
The paper defined the laser-induced damage threshold from the fluence and the peak power of GaSe and GaSe:In single crystals upon exposure to nanosecond radiation in the two micron range and assessed the influence of test radiation energy parameters (pulse repetition rate, pulse duration) on the damage threshold. Laser-induced damage threshold was determined with the parameters of the incident radiation close to the pump radiation parameters of promising dual-wavelength optical parametric oscillators (effective pump sources for THz difference frequency oscillators): wavelength was ≈2.1 μm; pulse repetition rates were 10, 12, 14, and 20 kHz; and pulse durations were 15, 18, 20, and 22 ns. The obtained results made it possible to conclude that the value of GaSe damage threshold at a wavelength of 2.091 μm of the incident radiation was influenced by the accumulation effects (the damage threshold decreased as the pulse repetition rate increased). The accumulation effects were more significant in the case of the In-doped sample, since a more significant decrease in the damage threshold was observed with increasing frequency in terms of the peak power and the fluence.
The bound is obtained using a subadditivity property of the chromatic number of the Pancake graph. We also investigate an equitable coloring of P n. An equitable (n -1)-coloring based on efficient dominating sets is given and optimal equitable 4-colorings are considered for small n.

It is conjectured that the chromatic number of P n coincides with its equitable chromatic number for any n 2.
Do individual differences in personality traits become more or less pronounced over childhood and adolescence?

The present research examined age differences in the variance of a range of personality traits, using parent reports of two large samples of children from predominantly the USA and Russia, respectively.

Results indicate (i) that individual differences in most traits tend to increase with age from early childhood into early adolescence and then plateau, (ii) that this general pattern of greater personality variance at older childhood age is consistent across the two countries, and (iii) that this pattern is not an artefact of age differences in means or floor/ceiling effects. These findings are consistent with several (noncontradictory) developmental mechanisms, including youths’ expanding behavioural capacities and person–environment transactions (corresponsive principle). However, these mechanisms may predominantly characterize periods before adolescence, or they may be offset by countervailing processes, such as socialization pressure towards a mature personality profile, in late adolescence and adulthood. Finally, the findings also suggest that interpreting age trajectories in mean trait scores as pertaining to age differences in a typical person may sometimes be misleading. Investigating variance should become an integral part of studying personality development.
Recent astronomical data on Black hole observations are reviewed.

A model of PBH formation with log-normal spectrum is briefly described.

The arguments in favor that the observed black holes are predominantly primordial (PBH) are presented. The mass spectrum of PBH is best fit to the log-normal one.
The temperature profiles across a liquid–gas layers at normal atmospheric conditions are measured for water and ethanol. A thin liquid layer is locally heated from the bottom and evaporates from the liquid–gas interface. Micro-thermocouple with the sensor element thickness of 3 μm is used for measurements. It is shown that the temperature profile has a different character for different liquids.
Results of the study of the structure of hydrodynamic fields in Arctic part of the West Siberian sedimentary basin have designated the main region-specific hydrodynamic feature consisting in the phenomenon of abnormally high formation pressures widely spread at depths of 2.8-6.0 km within Jurassic-Cretaceous reservoirs. The two types of natural pressurized water systems which have developed in the region are: 1) elision (geostatic and geodynamic) system most common in the interior regions, and 2) infiltration aquifer system inherent in the external, near edge zones. As the depth increases, two hydrodynamic zones are distinctly distinguished (from top downwards): hydrostatic and enhanced evolving into AHFD (abnormally high formation pressure). Most of the Aptian-Albian-Cenomanian aquifers belong to the first type. Hydrodynamic field stresses tend to increase in the lower lying Neocomian complex where the already elevated formation pressures gradually build up, to the extent of AHFP in the lower horizons. The Jurassic aquifer complexes in the central parts of the Yamal-Kara depression exhibit either enhanced or abnormally high formation pressures, which decline to hydrostatic levels towards the basin periphery. The anomaly coefficients of formation pressure reach the value of 2.2. The established piezo-minima zones extending along major petroleum charge zones, extending along the major hydrocarbon generation zones (Bolshaya Kheta and Kara megasyneclises) associated with the largest areas of petroleum accumulation (Vankor-Suzun, Bovanenkovo, Urengoy, etc.).
Aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combined use of statins with ezetimibe in patients of various nosological groups of high and very high cardiovascular risk. Material and methods . A prospective interventional non-randomized study included 40 people, mean age 60.7±9.5 years, high and very high cardiovascular risk, who did not receive statin therapy or took statins without reaching the target low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol values. Patients were recommended to receive high-intensity statin therapy in combination with ezetimibe for 3 months. Biochemical parameters were determined by standard enzymatic methods and the beginning of combined lipid-correcting therapy and after 3 months. Results . In patients with high cardiovascular risk, the level of total cholesterol decreased by 39.7 % 3 months after treatment (6.8 ± 2.5 and 4.7 ± 2.5 mmol/L; p = 0.0001), the level of LDL cholesterol by 52.2 % (4.6 ± 2.4 and 2.8 ± 2.2 mmol/L; p = 0.0001), the TG level by 26 % (2.7 ± 1.1 and 2.0 ± 1.0 mmol/L; p = 0.008). In the group of patients with very high cardiovascular risk, we also noted a decrease in the total cholesterol level by 39.1 % (6.4 ± 1.4 and 4.4 ± 1.2 mmol/L; p = 0.0001), the level of LDL cholesterol by 45.5 % (4.4 ± 1.4 and 2.5 ± 0.9 mmol/L; p = 0.0001). We did not find statistically significant changes in the remaining lipid parameters. LDL cholesterol targets were achieved in 64 % of patients with high and 52 % of very high cardiovascular risk. There were no significant changes in activity of alanine and aspartate amino transferases, content creatine phosphokinase, glucose and glycated hemoglobin, glomerular filtration rate. Conclusions . Initial combination therapy with statin and ezetimibe is well tolerated and can reduce LDL cholesterol levels by 2 times within 3 months in various categories of patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk.
We propose a numerical method for a supersonic van der Waals gas flow about a round cone. This method enables one to calculate shock waves attached to the cone and flow parameters between the shock wave and the surface area of the cone. The advantages of the algorithm are demonstrated on some examples.
Atenolol is one of the β-blockers widely used for the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. To simplify the methods for determining of drugs concentrations in blood and plasma the dried spots assays (dried blood spots or dried plasma spots) could be used. In this case high sensitive detector like mass-spectrometer is required as well as high level of drug recovery from dried spot.

The organic extraction method was chosen for evaluation as the most suitable for LC-MS assay. Several parameters: % of organic solvent, presence or absence of 0.1% formic acid, time, volume and temperature of extraction were investigated to find the best combination for atenolol recovery from DPS for further LC-MS analysis.

Results showed that the solvent composition and temperature has main influence on the extraction. The effect of extraction time and volume of solvent have no significant influence on atenolol recovery. Pure acetonitrile is the worst solvent for atenolol extraction from DPS. The solvents: MeOH:H2O (60:40, v:v), MeOH:0.1% FA in H2O (60:40, v:v), ACN:0.1% FA in H2O (50:50, v:v) or ACN:MeOH (60:40, v:v) provide the best recovery of atenolol . The optimum extraction temperature is 40°C, time of extraction is 15-30 min and volume of solvent - 200-300 μL. Several solvents acceptable for LC-MS analysis with optimized recovery parameter from DPS can be used for routine extraction of atenolol.
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have been produced just for a few species among order Carnivora: snow leopard, Bengal tiger, serval, jaguar, cat, dog, ferret, and American mink. We applied the iPS cell derivation protocol to the ringed seal (Phoca hispida) fibroblasts. The resulting cell line had the expression of pluripotency marker gene Rex1. Differentiation in embryoid body-like structures allowed us to register expression of AFP, endoderm marker, and Cdx2, trophectoderm marker, but not neuronal (ectoderm) markers. The cells readily differentiated into adipocytes and osteocytes, mesoderm cell types of origin. Transcriptome analysis allowed us to conclude that the cell line does not resemble human pluripotent cells, and, therefore, most probably is not pluripotent. Thus, we produced ringed seal multipotent stem cell line capable of differentiation into adipocytes and osteocytes.
Deterministically integrating semiconductor quantum emitters with plasmonic nano-devices paves the way towards chip-scale integrable, true nanoscale quantum photonics technologies. For this purpose, stable and bright semiconductor emitters are needed, which moreover allow for CMOS-compatibility and optical activity in the telecommunication band.

Here, we demonstrate strongly enhanced light-matter coupling of single near-surface ($<10\,nm$) InAs quantum dots monolithically integrated into electromagnetic hot-spots of sub-wavelength sized metal nanoantennas. The antenna strongly enhances the emission intensity of single quantum dots by up to $\sim16\times$, an effect accompanied by an up to $3.4\times$ Purcell-enhanced spontaneous emission rate. Moreover, the emission is strongly polarised along the antenna axis with degrees of linear polarisation up to $\sim85\,\%$.

The results unambiguously demonstrate the efficient coupling of individual quantum dots to state-of-the-art nanoantennas. Our work provides new perspectives for the realisation of quantum plasmonic sensors, step-changing photovoltaic devices, bright and ultrafast quantum light sources and efficent nano-lasers.