Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The invariant mass spectra of the π+π− and π±π0 pairs in the process e+e−→π+π−π0 were studied in the Spherical Neutral Detector experiment at the VEPP-2M collider in the energy region √s≃1020 MeV. These studies were based on about 0.5×106 events. The spectra were analyzed in the framework of the vector meson dominance model. It was found that the experimental data can be described assuming the e+e−→ρ→ππ+π−π0 transition only. An upper limit on the branching ratio of the φ(1020)→π+π−π0 decay through intermediate states different from ρπ was obtained at the 90% confidence level: B(→φπ+π−π0)<6×10−4. The ρ-meson mass and width which follow from the spectra analysis are mρ=775.0±1.3 MeV, Γρ=150.4±3.0 MeV. The mass difference of the neutral and charged ρ mesons was found to equal mρ±−mρ0=−1.3±2.3 MeV. In the π+π− mass spectrum the ρ−ω interference was seen at a two standard deviation level.Received 13 June 2001DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.65.032002©2002 American Physical Society
Epigenetic alterations may provide important insights into gene-environment interaction in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here we observe epigenome-wide DNA methylation differences in 240 newly-diagnosed IBD cases and 190 controls. These include 439 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and 5 differentially methylated regions (DMRs), which we study in detail using whole genome bisulphite sequencing. We replicate the top DMP ( RPS6KA2 ) and DMRs ( VMP1, ITGB2 and TXK ) in an independent cohort. Using paired genetic and epigenetic data, we delineate methylation quantitative trait loci; VMP1/microRNA-21 methylation associates with two polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium with a known IBD susceptibility variant. Separated cell data shows that IBD-associated hypermethylation within the TXK promoter region negatively correlates with gene expression in whole-blood and CD8 + T cells, but not other cell types. Thus, site-specific DNA methylation changes in IBD relate to underlying genotype and associate with cell-specific alteration in gene expression.
Seasonality of sex ratio of live births (SR: male births divided by total births) has been reported in Europe, North America, Brazil, and Australia. However, no uniform pattern is seen.1 Moreover, the magnitude of any observed seasonal variation varies from population to population with marked variation in Japan2 to minor variation in Germany3 to none in south western Finland, Scotland, Costa Rica, and Hausa, Africa. The population of Novosibirsk region was 2 767 938 in 1988. Siberian climate exhibits considerable seasonal temperature changes. In Novosibirsk over the period 1951–1980, the average difference in mean monthly air temperature …
Смена винтовых мод возмущений закрученного течения жидкости при подаче дисперсной газовой фазы С. В
Background . In cereals, photosynthetically active parts of the ear significantly contribute to seed size and weight at the grain-filling stage. In barley, ear tissues may accumulate melanin pigments synthesized in chloroplast-derived melanoplasts. Effects of such pigments on yield parameters of seeds have not been evaluated to date. Materials and methods. Seed weight and size assessed by image analysis were compared between two near-isogenic barley lines differing in alleles of the Blp1 gene, which determines melanin accumulation in ear tissues. Data on grainrelated parameters were collected during 6 years and include data on seeds grown either in the field or under greenhouse conditions. Results and discussion. A negative effect of the Blp1 locus on the weight of 1000 seeds harvested in the field but not in the greenhouse was revealed. To determine whether this effect is related to grain size, a comparison of two-dimensional linear parameters of seeds between the lines was performed. It was shown that unlike the length and the area of seeds, the width of seeds was also negatively affected by the Blp1 locus. Although the same factors affected the weight of 1000 seeds and the width of seeds, a correlation between them was not found, implying a dependence of seed weight on other factors such as thickness and its related parameter, seed volume. Conclusion. Effects of barely ear pigmentation and of the gene controlling it on yield-related parameters of seeds were studied here for the first time. The observed negative impact of the Blp1 locus on seed weight and size may be mediated by an interfering chloroplast activity and/or accumulation of assimilates via melanogenesis. Additional studies are necessary to test this supposition and to investigate the interaction of melanin synthesis and photosynthetic activity of the tissues accumulating this pigment.
Here we report new data on high-pressure microstructures in Elga group IIE iron meteorites, made of solidified Fe-Ni-P-S melt pockets and microcrystalline aggregates, which could be formed only at high pressures and temperatures according to the experimental data.

The bulk composition of the melt pockets and crystals correspond to the Fe3P-Fe3S solid solution with the closure of an immiscibility gap at pressures near 20 GPa in static experiments. Some other melt pockets fit with the Fe2S-Fe2P compositions, which could also correspond to high pressures and temperatures.

The results suggest a late shock episode during the formation of the IIE iron parent body, which may be prior or due to the final disruption that caused the meteorite arrival to Earth. It also has an important implication to the shock features in other meteorites, such as ureilite.
Octahedral metal cluster complexes have high potential for biomedical applications. In order to evaluate the benefits of these moieties for combined CT/X-ray luminescence computed tomography

this paper compares photoluminescence, radiodensity and X-ray induced luminescence properties of eight related octahedral molybdenum and tungsten cluster complexes [{M6I8}L6]n (where M is Mo or W and L is I-, NO3-, OTs- or OH-/H2O). Additionally, photo-degradation of [{M6I8}(NO3)6]2- was evaluated.

This article demonstrates that despite the fact that molybdenum cluster complexes are better photoluminescence emitters, tungsten cluster complexes, in particular (Bu4N)2[{W6I8}I6], demonstrate significantly higher X-ray induced luminescence due to a combination of relatively good photoluminescence properties and high X-ray attenuation.
This paper investigates the growth dynamics of a vapor-gas bubble pressed against a heating plate by the buoyancy force.

The shadow method was used to capture images, which were then automatically processed to calculate the size of the bubble.

As expected, the bubble dynamics significantly depends on the heating power. It was found that the ratio of bubble diameter to bubble height increases as it grows.
Новосибирский государственный университет, г.Новосибирск 2 Омский государственный технический университет, г.Омск Из ВольмАрА В омСК ДОрОГАмИ сЛужбы: К бИОГрАФИИ ДейстВИтеЛьНОГО стАтсКОГО сОВетНИКА Г. я.ГАЛКИНА (1861-1919 гг
Lipid-cholesterol interactions are responsible for different properties of biological membranes including those determining formation in the membrane of spatial inhomogeneities (lipid rafts). To get new information on these interactions, electron spin echo (ESE) spectroscopy, which is a pulsed version of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), was applied to study 3β-doxyl-5α-cholestane (DCh), a spin-labeled analog of cholesterol, in phospholipid bilayer consisted of equimolecular mixture of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. DCh concentration in the bilayer was between 0.1 mol.% and 4 mol.%. For comparison, a reference system containing a spin-labeled 5-doxyl-stearic acid (5-DSA) instead of DCh was studied as well. The effects of "instantaneous diffusion" in ESE decay and in echo-detected (ED) EPR spectra were explored for both systems. The reference system showed good agreement with the theoretical prediction for the model of spin labels of randomly distributed orientations, but the DCh system demonstrated remarkably smaller effects. The results were explained by assuming that neighboring DCh molecules are oriented in a correlative way. However, this correlation does not imply the formation of clusters of cholesterol molecules, because conventional continuous wave EPR spectra did not show the typical broadening due to aggregation of spin labels and the observed ESE decay was not faster than in the reference system. So the obtained data evidence that cholesterol molecules at low concentrations in biological membranes can interact via large distances of several nanometers which results in their orientational self-ordering.
Immiscible liquid–liquid flows in microchannels are used extensively in various chemical and biological lab-on-a-chip systems when it is very important to predict the expected flow pattern for a variety of fluids and channel geometries. Commonly, biological and other complex liquids express non-Newtonian properties in a dispersed phase. Features and behavior of such systems are not clear to date.

In this paper, immiscible liquid–liquid flow in a T-shaped microchannel was studied by means of high-speed visualization, with an aim to reveal the shear-thinning effect on the flow patterns and slug-flow features. Three shear-thinning and three Newtonian fluids were used as dispersed phases, while Newtonian castor oil was a continuous phase. Flow-pattern maps were constructed using nondimensional complex We0.4·Oh0.6 depicting similarity in the continuous-to-segmented flow transition line. Using available experimental data, the proposed nondimensional complex is shown to be effectively applied for flow-pattern map construction when the continuous phase exhibits non-Newtonian properties as well. The models to evaluate an effective dynamic viscosity of a shear-thinning fluid are discussed. The most appropriate model of average-shear-rate estimation based on bulk velocity was chosen and applied to evaluate an effective dynamic viscosity of a shear-thinning fluid.

For the first time, the influence of the non-Newtonian dispersed phase on the transition from segmented to continuous flow is shown and quantitatively described. For a slug flow, it was found that in the case of shear-thinning dispersed phase at low flow rates of both phases, a jetting regime of slug formation was established, leading to a dramatic increase in slug length.
The photoemission properties on Cs/GaAs and GaAs(Cs,O) surfaces prepared at room temperature were studied under thermal cycling.

The evolution of electron affinity and escape probability to vacuum was measured using photoemission quantum yield spectroscopy for the surfaces with various Cs-O overlayer compositions.

It was found that an increase in the oxygen exposure led to the improvement in the thermal stability of electron affinity.
This paper reports on the results of research into passively modelocked fiber laser with a record-setting optical length of the resonant cavity amounting to 3.8 km. Significant elongation of the laser resonator led to more than two orders of magnitude increase in the output pulse energy at the same pump radiation power. At ultra-low (for mode-locked lasers) pulse repetition rate (77 kHz) and pulse duration of 3 ns the energy per pulse reached 3.9 microJ. At this moment this is the highest pulse energy on record generated directly from a mode-locked laser without Q-switching, cavity dumping techniques, or additional optical amplifiers.
Down-regulator associated protein, DrAp1, acts as a negative cofactor (NC2α) in a transcription repressor complex together with another subunit, down-regulator Dr1 (NC2β). In binding to promotors and regulating the initiation of transcription of various genes,
We develop a new mathematical model for rotational sedimentation of particles for steady flows of a viscoplastic granular fluid in a concentric-cylinder Couette geometry when rotation of the Couette cell inner cylinder is prescribed. We treat the suspension as a micro-polar fluid. The model is validated by comparison with known data of measurement. Within the proposed theory, we prove that sedimentation occurs due to particles’ rotation and rotational diffusion.
The current pandemic of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) poses a significant global public health threat. While urgent regulatory measures in control of the rapid spread of this virus are essential, scientists around the world have quickly engaged in this battle by studying the molecular mechanisms and searching for effective therapeutic strategies against this deadly disease. At present, the exact mechanisms of programmed cell death upon SARS-CoV-2 infection remain to be elucidated, though there is increasing evidence suggesting that cell death pathways play a key role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. There are several types of programmed cell death, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. These distinct programs are largely controlled by the proteins of the death domain (DD) superfamily, which play an important role in viral pathogenesis and host antiviral response. Many viruses have acquired the capability to subvert the program of cell death and evade the host immune response, mainly by virally encoded gene products that control cell signaling networks.

In this mini-review, we will focus on SARS-CoV-2, and discuss the implication of restraining the DD-mediated signaling network to potentially suppress viral replication and reduce tissue damage.
Background Social networks are associated with better cognitive health in older people, but the role of specific aspects of the social network remains unclear. This is especially the case in Central and Eastern Europe.

Methods Linear regression estimated associations between baseline social networks and cognitive domains measured at both baseline and follow-up (mean duration of follow-up, 3.5 ± 0.7 years) in 6691 participants (mean age, 62.2 ± 6.0 years; 53.7% women) from the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) study.

Conclusions Older Central and Eastern European adults with larger social networks and greater social activities participation had better cognitive function, but these associations were stronger at baseline than over the short-term follow-up.
Here, we used stopped-flow fluorescence techniques to conduct a comparative kinetic analysis of the conformational transitions in human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) and in DNA containing an abasic site in the course of their interaction.
The analysis of experimental data on the simultaneous measurement of the thickness and temperature fields in the flowing heated liquid film at Re = 15 is presented.

It is shown that increasing heat flux results in more expressed rivulet formation in the lower part of the heater (differential thicknesses in the rivulet and interrivulet area increases from 0.04 mm to 0.11 mm). It was found that the wave amplitude increase in the region where waves interact with the thermocapillary structures.
The present paper reports on the measurements of flow structure and heat transfer in swirling jets, impinging normally on a flat heated wall. Velocity field is measured by using the stereoscopic particle image velocimetry technique, whereas the wall temperature is monitored by IR imaging. Two cases of distances between the jet nozzle and impingement surface are considered, namely, one and two nozzle diameters. The Reynolds number is fixed as Re = 5000. Flows of non-swirling, weakly and strongly swirling jets are investigated. Only for the latter case in free jet flow configuration, the swirl intensity exceeds a critical value for breakdown of the swirling jet's vortex core, corresponding to the formation of a central recirculation zone. For the confined jet conditions, the superimposed swirl in both cases results in presence of an extended recirculation zone between the nozzle and impingement wall, which is found to reduce heat transfer around the stagnation point for the separation distance of two nozzle diameters. However, for the separation distance of one nozzle diameter, the high-swirl jet is found to provide most effective overall cooling of the wall.
Прохождение электрона через туннельный плавный барьер в высокочастотном поле
This study introduces a new southern Siberian rock art site, situated on the Unyuk Mountain, in the Minusinsk Basin, and studied in 20I6-20I7. Stylistically, the main petroglyphs date to the Late Bronze Age, i.e. late 2nd to early 1st millennia BC. Of special interest are images of oxen with ropesfixed in their noses. Such petroglyphs are rare in that region. In one case, the ox is tied to a pillar; in the other case, a man leads it. The composition consisting of a man and an ox walking in one direction is repeated thrice. All the known petroglyphic images of a man holding a rope attached to an ox’s nose were found on the right bank of the Yenisei. This may be due to the cultural and economic specificity of the southeastern, forest-steppe part of the Minusinsk Basin. At the same time, these images may be a local variant of the composition “man walking with an ox”, which occurs mainly in more southerly areas of the Altai-Sayan. Another rare petroglyph found on the Unyuk Mountain shows a pillar with a triple top. Its parallels, found at other petroglyphic sites in the Minusinsk Basin, are described. They may refer either to everyday practice or to beliefs about the dead person’s travel to the nether world.
Background . Today excess body weight and obesity are considered an epidemic affecting millions of people around the world. Excess body weight in children increases the risk of development of obesity in adult age. Food preferences are formed in childhood and influenced by environmental, cultural, and genetic factors; the latter remaining unclear. Objective . The study aimed at investigating the association of the rs5400 polymorphic locus of the SLC2A2 (GLUT2) gene and the rs4684677 polymorphic locus of the GHRL gene with excess body weight and preference for carbohydrates in preschool and primary school-aged children. Methods . The study enrolled 92 patients aged between 3 and 11 years; 56 patients gave consent for the assessment of their food preferences. Genotyping of polymorphic loci in the SLC2A2 and GHRL genes was carried out for all patients. Results. All patients were divided into groups depending on their eating habits (the ratio of dietary carbohydrates), as well as the presence of excess body weight. The probability of consumption of excessive amounts of carbohydrates appeared to be higher for carriers of the G/A genotype in the SLC2A2 gene as compared to the G/G carriers (odds ratio: 9.3; 95 % confidence interval [1.8–47.3]; p = 0.004). No statistically significant differences in the distribution of genotypes of the GHRL gene have been found between the group with carbohydrate overconsumption and the control group (p > 0.05). Likewise, no statistically significant differences were found in the evaluation of association of the rs5400 polymorphism in the SLC2A2 gene and the rs4684677 polymorphism in the GHRL gene with excess body weight in children (p > 0.05). Conclusion . There are genetic predictors of obesity in adult population. Thus, for example, the rs5400 polymorphism in the SLC2A2 gene and rs4684677 in the GHRL gene are the risk factors for excess body weight. Our study in a pediatric population did not reveal any association of the presence of polymorphic loci in the above-mentioned genes with obesity in children. The association of the G/A genotype of the SLC2A2 gene with excess carbohydrate consumption was revealed: the odds ratio for excess carbohydrate consumption was higher in the G/A carriers as compared to the G/G carriers: OR = 9.3; CI = [1.8–47.3]; p = 0.004. This finding is probably related to the fact that these genetic variants are not risk factors for obesity in childhood. These issues require further investigation within the framework of personalized medicine.
Electromagnetic sounding of the Arctic region is hampered by the influence of the conductive layer of seawater.

As part of the RSF project, it is proposed to use a circular electrical dipole (CED) to excite the field. Installation should be placed on drifting ice. This technique requires three-dimensional modeling for which there are complex algorithms.

The paper proposes an approach using the Born approximation to simplify the implementation of three-dimensional modeling of the electromagnetic sounding signal using CED.
The kidney mass is significantly increased in hypertensive ISIAH rats with Inherited Stress Induced Arterial Hypertension as compared with normotensive WAG rats.

The QTL/microarray approach was carried out to determine the positional candidate genes in the QTL for absolute and relative kidney weight. Several known and predicted genes differentially expressed in ISIAH and WAG kidney were mapped to genetic loci associated with the absolute and relative kidney weight in 6-month old F2 hybrid (ISIAHxWAG) males. The knowledge-driven filtering of the list of candidates helped to suggest several positional candidate genes, which may be related to the structural and mass changes in hypertensive ISIAH kidney.

In the current study, we showed that all loci found for absolute and relative kidney weight didn't overlap with significant or suggestive loci for arterial blood pressure level. So, the genes differentially expressed in ISIAH and WAG kidneys and located in these QTL regions associated with absolute and relative kidney weight shouldn't substantially influence the BP level in the 6 month-old ISIAH rats. However, in some cases, small effects may be suggested. The further experimental validation of causative genes and detection of polymorphisms will provide opportunities to advance our understanding of the underlying nature of structural and mass changes in hypertensive ISIAH kidney.
On the basis of discrete element method (DEM) several packing configurations of microspheres and granules (cylinders with round corners) are built. Collision model for granules is presented. The averaged parameters like volume ratio, the first and the second moments of particle distribution and pores linear sizes are calculated numerically using Monte-Carlo method.
An exact generalization of the Ramsey transition probability is derived to improve ultra-high precision measurement and quantum state engineering when a particle is subjected to independently-tailored separated oscillating fields.

The phase-shift accumulated at the end of the interrogation scheme offering high-level control of quantum states throughout various laser parameters conditions. The Generalized Hyper-Ramsey Resonance based on independent manipulation of interaction time, field amplitude, phase and frequency detuning is presented

to increase the performance of next generation of atomic, molecular and nuclear clocks, to upgrade high resolution frequency measurement in Penning trap mass spectrometry and for a better control of light induced frequency shifts in matter wave interferometers or quantum information processing.
In accordance with the classical one-dimensional detonation theory, the lower adiabatic branch of the energy release of the combustible mixture as the geometric locus of the final state points of the system also allows solution for combustion waves whose propagation velocity lies in the range from zero to deflagration speed. The velocity of the normal burning wave falls within this range, but the calculation is traditionally conducted with the help of the thermal theory of combustion (not within the framework of the theory of detonation).

In this paper the conservation laws of the detonation theory were used for choice of a point of the final state for a normal flame. The analysis was carried out and estimates were given

showing both the degree of compliance of the estimated and experimental values of flame velocities, and the degree of compliance of the qualitative behavior of these dependences on the main parameters of the mixture