Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The interfacial wave structure of the liquid film in both upward and downward annular gas-liquid flows in an 11.7 mm pipe were investigated using the Brightness Based Laser Induced Fluorescence technique (BBLIF).

Film thickness measurements were carried out with high spatial and temporal resolution between 330 and 430 mm from the inlet, where the properties of disturbance waves are almost stabilised. Using a tracking algorithm to detect disturbance waves, a full characterisation in terms of their velocity, frequency, longitudinal size and spacing was carried out. These observations, together with qualitatively different behaviour of ripple wave velocity in upwards and downwards flows, studied using 2D Fourier analysis.

Direct comparison between both flow orientations while testing the same flow conditions shows that although the flow orientation does not affect the velocity of disturbance waves, the fraction of film surface occupied by the disturbance waves is smaller in upwards flow. Thus, more liquid travels in the base film in upwards flow, which is consistent with the base film thickness measurements. indicate that the role of gravity is much more important on the base film than on disturbance waves. This supposedly occurs due to a local decrease in the interfacial shear stress on the base film surface because of the resistance of the disturbance waves to the gas stream in upward flow.
The paper reports on the results of numerical simulation of large-scale stationary vortices forming in hydrodynamical model of a vortex combustor.

In particular, the effect of boundary conditions on the residence time and path length of the fluid particles has been explored. Validity of the numerical procedure has been verified by comparison of the simulation results with the experimental data obtained by measuring the velocity fields using a PIV method.

On the basis of the data obtained, it is shown that the average residence time of the fluid particles in the vortex chamber in the case of formation of a single-helix and a double-helical vortex is substantially higher than the residence time of the particles in the flow regime with a rectilinear vortex. The average distance traveled by the particles also increases noticeably in case of the flow regime with the spiral structure's formation. Thus, based on the work results, it is possible to draw a conclusion about the increased effectiveness of the use of operating modes with the formation of spiral vortex structures.
Let be a set of primes. We say that the Sylow -theorem holds for a finite group , or is a -group, if the maximal -subgroups of are conjugate. Obviously, the Sylow -theorem implies the existence of -Hall subgroups.

In this paper, we give an affirmative answer to Problem 17.44, (b), in the Kourovka notebook : namely, we prove that in a -group an overgroup of a -Hall subgroup is always a -group.

Bibliography: 52 titles.
It is studied the possibility of modeling of undular bores on the basis of the second approximation of the shallow water theory. The classical differential Green-Naghdi model cannot be used for correct numerical simulation of wave flows with undular bores. The reason for this is that this model is derived within the framework of the long-wave approximation, by virtue of which the characteristic depth of the stream is much less than the characteristic length of the surface waves, which is not performed in the undular bore front.

An integro-differential Green-Naghdi model is proposed for numerical simulation of undular bores. In this model we used the divergent differential form of the continuity equation and the integral conservation law of horizontal momentum. This model is derived from two-dimensional integral conservation laws of mass and momentum, describing a plane-parallel flow of an ideal incompressible fluid over a horizontal bottom.

The basis of this conclusion is the concept of a local hydrostatic approximation, which generalizes the concept of the long-wave approximation and is used to justify the applicability of shallow water models to describe wave flows with the hydraulic bores.
Development of effective vaccine candidates against tuberculosis (TB) is currently the most important challenge in the prevention of this disease since the BCG vaccine fails to guarantee a lifelong protection, while any other approved vaccine with better efficiency is still absent.

The protective effect of the recombinant fusion protein CFP10-ESAT6-dIFN produced in a prokaryotic expression system (Escherichia coli) has been assessed in a guinea pig model of acute TB. The tested antigen comprises the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) proteins ESAT6 and CFP10 as well as modified human γ-interferon (dIFN) for boosting the immune response. Double intradermal immunization of guinea pigs with the tested fusion protein (2 × 0.5 µg) induces a protective effect against subsequent Mtb infection.

The immunized guinea pigs do not develop the symptoms of acute TB and their body weight gain was five times more as compared with the non-immunized infected guinea pigs. The animal group immunized with this dose of antigen displays the minimum morphological changes in the internal organs and insignificant inflammatory lesions in the liver tissue, which complies with a decrease in the bacterial load in the spleen and average Mtb counts in macrophages.
The authors present results of excavations of the Tolbor 21 and Tolbor 4 sites, situated in the Tolbor River valley, a tributary of the Selenga River, Northern Mongolia. In 2021, studies of the multilayered Tolbor-21 site that documents human habitation throughout the Upper Paleolithic were resumed. We focus on the stratigraphy, spatial distribution of the finds, zooarcheological data and description of lithic artifacts recovered from the continuing excavation of Pit 2 in the eastern part of site. Preliminary results presented here provide the evidence of residential activity during accumulation of the Initial Upper Paleolithic horizon 4, the exploitation of medium/large herbivores, and a potential structured use of space. We present the division of the site cultural sequence into 6 horizons and description of a newly discovered storage pit. We also provide the overall results of studies at the multilayer Tolbor-4 site carried out in 2017 and 2021. The site is the key object for understanding the Upper Paleolithic sequence of lithic industry development in northern Mongolia. The goal of the new phase of research in 2021 was to clarify the site stratigraphy and collect samples for new series of radiocarbon and OSL dates.
Objective. The aim of the study was to study biochemical factors of calcification in stable and unstable plaques of coronary arteries and in the blood of patients with severe coronary atherosclerosis, to find associations of biochemical factors of calcification with the development of unstable atherosclerotic plaque. Materials and Methods. The study included 25 men aged 60,4±6,8 years who received coronary bypass surgery. In the course of the operation intraoperative indications in men were from coronary endarteriectomy (s) artery (a – d) and histological and biochemical analyses of the samples of the intima / media. Out of 85 fragments of intima / media of coronary arteries, 15 fragments of unchanged intima / media, 39 fragments of stable atheromatous plaque and 31 fragments of unstable plaque were determined. In homogenates of samples of intima / media (after measurement of protein by the method of Lowry) and in blood by ELISA were determined by biochemical factors of calcification: osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, an osteopontin, osteonectin, as well as inflammatory factors (cytokines, chemokines). Results. A significant direct correlation (Spearman coefficient =0.607, p<0.01) between the stages of atherosclerotic focus development to unstable plaque and the degree of calcification of atherosclerotic focus development samples was found. There was an increased content of osteocalcin in stable and unstable plaques by 3.3 times in comparison with the unchanged tissue of intima / media of coronary arteries, as well as in samples with small and dust-like, with coarse-grained calcifications in comparison with samples without calcifications by 2.8 and 2.1 times, respectively. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, the relative risk of unstable atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary artery is associated with a reduced content of osteocalcin (OR=0.988, 95 % CI 0.978–0.999, p=0.028). Also, the relative risk of calcifications in the atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary artery is associated with an increased content of osteocalcin (OR=1,008, 95 % CI 1,001–1,015, p=0,035). In men with severe coronary atherosclerosis, a significant inverse correlation was found (Spearman coefficient –0.386, p=0.022) between the content of osteoprotegerin in the vascular wall and in the blood.
A new management system for the SND detector experiments (at VEPP-2000 collider in Novosibirsk) is developed.

We describe here the interaction between a user and the SND databases. These databases contain experiment configuration, conditions and metadata. The new system is designed in client-server architecture. It has several logical layers corresponding to the users roles. A new template engine is created. A web application is implemented using Node.js framework.

At the time the application provides: showing and editing configuration; showing experiment metadata and experiment conditions data index; showing SND log (prototype).
High-fidelity entangled Bell states are of great interest in quantum physics. Entanglement of ultracold neutral atoms in two spatially separated optical dipole traps is promising for implementation of quantum computing and quantum simulation and for investigation of Bell states of material objects. We propose a new method to entangle two atoms via long-range Rydberg-Rydberg interaction. Alternatively to previous approaches, based on Rydberg blockade, we consider radiofrequency-assisted Stark-tuned F\"{o}rster resonances in Rb Rydberg atoms. To reduce the sensitivity of the fidelity of Bell states to the fluctuations of interatomic distance, we propose to use the double adiabatic passage across the radiofrequency-assisted Stark-tuned F\"{o}rster resonances, which results in a deterministic phase shift of the two-atom state.
Данная работа частично поддержана Интеграционными грантами СО РАН №174/6 и №22/6, а также грантом РНП.2.1.1.3846Министерства образования и науки РФ.Мы благодарим Н. А. Винокурова и Г. Н. Кулипанова за полезные обсуждения
We observe the phonon-drag voltage oscillations correlating with the resistance oscillations under microwave irradiation in a two-dimensional electron gas in perpendicular magnetic field. This phenomenon is explained by the influence of dissipative resistivity modified by microwaves on the phonon-drag voltage perpendicular to the phonon flux. When the lowest-order resistance minima evolve into zero-resistance states, the phonon-drag voltage demonstrates sharp features suggesting that current domains associated with these states can exist in the absence of external dc driving.
The stratotype region of the Ryazanian stage is located in the Oka River Basin near Ryazan, Central Russia. Since ammonites are very well studied here

we investigated other groups of macrofossils. We report a large number of bivalve genera: Arctica, Astarte, Buchia, Camptonectes, Chlamys, Ctenostreon, Entolium, Gomomya, Gresslya, Hartwellia, Lima, Meleagrinella, Modiolus, Oxytoma, and Pleuromya. The belemnites are represented by two cylindroteuthidid genera, Acroteuthis and Liobelus. In addition, brachiopods (Rhynchonellidae and Terebratulidae) and unidentifiable gastropod fragments have been revealed

The highest taxonomic diversity of macrofauna is observed in the Surites spasskensis ammonite Zone.
The problem of removing high heat fluxes from a powerful microelectronic element (chip, microprocessor) is one of the most difficult tasks. One of the promising methods for cooling is the use of two-phase systems in a minichannel with a stratified flow regime. Additive technologies allowing the creation of structured surfaces are of increasing interest. The study of heat transfer using structures on the surface in the form of cylindrical protrusions in comparison with a smooth surface with characteristic size (diameter and height) equal to 300 μm is presented in this work.
We consider the optical fiber channel modelled by the nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation with additive white Gaussian noise and with large signal-to-noise ratio. For the small dispersion case we present the approach to analyze the stochastic nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation. Taking into account the averaging procedure (frequency filtering) of the output signal detector we find the first corrections in small dispersion parameter to the correlators of the input signal recovered by the backward propagation. These correlators are the important ingredients for the calculation of the channel capacity and the optimal input signal distribution. We assert that the information channel characteristics essentially depend on the procedures of the output signal filtering and the recovery of the transmitted signal.
Three-dimensional simulation of air injection into a liquid (water, liquid lead) at large pressure drops in a three-dimensional formulation has been carried out. A significant difference in the formation of the air volume form at injection of water and liquid lead is shown. The instability of the interfacial surface in the form of annular waves and axial cavity on the upper surface of the slug has been revealed in three-dimensional calculation. For the three-dimensional case the gas-dynamic structure of the compression jumps and the Mach disk is found to be more pronounced for the supersonic underexpanded jet inside the slug.
The taxa of the genus Macrogomphus Selys, 1858 occurring in continental south-east Asia are reconsidered. Macrogomphus rivularis Förster, 1914 (described from Vietnam), M. borikhanensis Fraser, 1933 (described from Laos), and M. guilinensis Chao, 1983 (described from China), are synonymised with M. albardae Selys, 1878. The relationship and conspecificity of the latter with M. parallelogramma Burmeister, 1839 are doubtful, perhaps they are bona species. Males of M. albardae (and seemingly of parallelogramma as well) are approximately trimorphic for the pale pattern of the abdominal S3-S6, being of either a 'dashed morph' (with small isolated anteriolateral spots and conspicuous middorsal streaks), or a 'ringed morph (with broad anterior rings and less conspicuous middorsal streaks), or an 'intermediate morph'. Validity of the species M. matsukii Asahina, 1986 is doubted; its holotype could be an aberrant male of M. albardae. The main diagnostic character of M. albardae, M. phalantus Lieftinck, 1935 and probably M. parallelogramma, is clarified to be the structure of the cercus inner branch. M. phalantus jayavarman subsp. nov. is described from temporarily inundated forest at the northern bank of the great Lake Tonlé Sap of Cambodia (Siem Reap Province, 1.5 km SSW of Kampong Pluk village, 13.1956° N, 103.9725° E, 3 m a.s.l.), which is ca 1,300 km north and overseas from the presumed range of M. phalantus phalantus.
We report on the first Belle search for a light CP-odd Higgs boson, A^{0}, that decays into low mass dark matter, χ, in final states with a single photon and missing energy. We search for events produced via the dipion transition ϒ(2S)→ϒ(1S)π^{+}π^{-}, followed by the on-shell process ϒ(1S)→γA^{0} with A^{0}→χχ, or by the off-shell process ϒ(1S)→γχχ. Utilizing a data sample of 157.3×10^{6} ϒ(2S) decays, we find no evidence for a signal. We set limits on the branching fractions of such processes in the mass ranges M_{A^{0}}<8.97 GeV/c^{2} and M_{χ}<4.44 GeV/c^{2}. We then use the limits on the off-shell process to set competitive limits on WIMP-nucleon scattering in the WIMP mass range below 5 GeV/c^{2}.
Показатели тиреотропного гормона и пролактина в популяционной выборке женщин в возрасте 25-45 лет
Age-related cognitive changes in the Russian population have not been sufficiently studied. Objective : to assess the time course of changes in cognitive functions (CF) in two serial measurements 9 years apart in the urban population of middle, elder, and senile age and their relationship to education level.

Patients and methods . A random male and female sample of45-69-year-old Novosibirsk residents (n=9360; HAPIEE project) was surveyed. CF was tested by standard methods. Resurvey was conducted in a random subsample (n=1663) included in this analysis. The mean follow-up period was 8.8 years (SD 1.1).

Results and discussion . The test for semantic verbal fluency revealed its dynamic decline in all age groups, which was steeper in women than in men (p<0.001). Persons aged 70 years and older showed negative changes in memory, verbal fluency, and attention (p<0.001). Persons with primary (6%) and vocational (26%) education had steeper rates of decline in delayed recall (p=0.011; 0.038) than those with university education (35%). Conclusion. It is established that a dynamic decrease in CF begins at the age of55—59years; it is steeper among those aged 70 years and older. An age-related decline in memory function is accelerated in persons with lower educational levels.
We report the first search for the penguin-dominated process ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}{X}_{s\overline{s}}$ using a semi-inclusive method.

A $121.4\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ integrated luminosity $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(5S)$ data set collected by the Belle experiment, at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider, is used.

We observe no statistically significant signal and, including all uncertainties, we set a 90% confidence level upper limit on the partial branching fraction at $1.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ for $M({X}_{s\overline{s}})\ensuremath{\le}2.4\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$.
Purpose. The article presents our analysis of the morphological features of vessels from Bystrovka-1 site burial mounds. T. N. Troitskaya and A. P. Borodovsky attributed the site to the Bol’sherechenskaya culture and dated the inventory as the 3rd–2nd centuries BC. We aimed at identifying the morphological tradition of the vessels. Results. Morphological and statistical analyses of the vessels’ forms were carried out on 49 ceramic vessels from 11 mounds. We used a set of methods including the «Program of statistical processing of ceramics from archaeological excavations» by V. F. Gening, calculation of the general proportionality forms by A. A. Bobrinsky, the method of studying profiles by H. A. Nordström and the method of comparing basic proportions by A. O. Shepard. In funeral practice, no clear preference for form was stated. In our collection 25 (51 %) vessels had a neck, 24 (49 %) were without a neck, and 16 items (33 %) were round-bottomed. An «ideal» vessel for Bystrovka-1 site is a vessel of medium or low height, with a very low wide neck, weakly or very strongly profiled, with a flattened or rounded body, of varying height, with a weakly or very strongly convex shoulder and a wide bottom. These data prove the existence of certain standards in the proportions for vessels typical for a particular site. Our new data, which were not previously used in the analysis of product categories, allow us to refer the series of vessels to a single morphological tradition. The fact of finding morphologically similar vessels in one grave, in the graves of one mound, or in the mounds located in close proximity to each other confirms that the vessels were produced at a certain time interval, i.e. the time of the "school" which introduced the standards. We identified groups of vessels created or being in use at the same time in Bystrovka1 burial ground. For example, vessels № 5, 6, 13 and 48 constitute a chain of one morphological group and were found in burrows No. 1, 3, 12 and 15. These barrows are located at some distance from each other, but we determine their functioning simultaneously or during a fairly short period of time. Our results are supported by drawings of "half-skeletons" of the vessels. The graphs provided clearly show that the products of one row, when brought to a uniform height, have almost the same profile with slight deviations in the upper part. Consequently, the fact of simultaneous functioning of this group of mounds is confirmed. Conclusion. In the ceramic complex of the Bystrovka-1 site the majority of vessels have habitual forms, which indicates a certain stability of the pottery tradition. However, there are also some imitations of forms that indicate the change and continuing internal development of the pottery tradition or the inclusion of other cultural elements. According to A. P. Borodovsky, such ceramics is an indirect indicator of transition to a sedentary nomadic culture.
Using data samples of $89.5\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, $711.0\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, and $121.4\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider at center-of-mass energies 10.52, 10.58, and 10.867 GeV, respectively

we study the exclusive reactions ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\gamma}{\ensuremath{\chi}}_{cJ}$ ($J=0$, 1, 2) and ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\gamma}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}$

A significant $\ensuremath{\gamma}{\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c1}$ signal is observed for the first time at $\sqrt{s}=10.58\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ with a significance of $5.1\ensuremath{\sigma}$ including systematic uncertainties. No significant excesses for $\ensuremath{\gamma}{\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c0}$, $\ensuremath{\gamma}{\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c2}$, and $\ensuremath{\gamma}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{c}$ final states are found, and we set 90% credibility level upper limits on the Born cross sections (${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{B}}$) at 10.52 GeV, 10.58 GeV, and 10.867 GeV. Together with cross sections measured by BESIII at lower center-of-mass energies, the energy dependency of ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{B}}({e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\gamma}{\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c1})$ is obtained.
We have studied the dynamics of the appearance of cells reacting positively with anti‐S‐100 protein antiserum, during postnatal neurocytogenesis in the brain of rats of two strains differing in their susceptibility to sound stimuli.

The postnatal time of appearance of cells reacting positively with anti‐S‐100 protein antiserum was somewhat later in rats susceptible to sound‐induced seizures than in sound‐resistant rats. These differences concerned mainly the cerebral cortex of 12‐day‐old rats. By day 21 of postnatal life these differences had disappeared. In subcortical structures of the brain, S‐100 protein was first found on the 4th to the 5th day of life and the rate of appearance of cells containing this protein was similar in the two strains.

The postnatal time of appearance of cells reacting positively with anti‐S‐100 protein antiserum was somewhat later in rats susceptible to sound‐induced seizures than in sound‐resistant rats. These differences concerned mainly the cerebral cortex of 12‐day‐old rats. By day 21 of postnatal life these differences had disappeared. In subcortical structures of the brain, S‐100 protein was first found on the 4th to the 5th day of life and the rate of appearance of cells containing this protein was similar in the two strains.