Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Phospho- and sphingolipids are crucial cellular and intracellular compounds. These lipids are required for active transport, a number of enzymatic processes, membrane formation, and cell signalling. Disruption of their metabolism leads to several diseases, with diverse neurological, psychiatric, and metabolic consequences. A large number of phospholipid and sphingolipid species can be detected and measured in human plasma.

We conducted a meta-analysis of five European family-based genome-wide association studies (N = 4034) on plasma levels of 24 sphingomyelins (SPM), 9 ceramides (CER), 57 phosphatidylcholines (PC), 20 lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), 27 phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), and 16 PE-based plasmalogens (PLPE), as well as their proportions in each major class. This effort yielded 25 genome-wide significant loci for phospholipids (smallest P-value = 9.88×10−204) and 10 loci for sphingolipids (smallest P-value = 3.10×10−57). After a correction for multiple comparisons (P-value<2.2×10−9), we observed four novel loci significantly associated with phospholipids (PAQR9, AGPAT1, PKD2L1, PDXDC1) and two with sphingolipids (PLD2 and APOE) explaining up to 3.1% of the variance. Further analysis of the top findings with respect to within class molar proportions uncovered three additional loci for phospholipids (PNLIPRP2, PCDH20, and ABDH3) suggesting their involvement in either fatty acid elongation/saturation processes or fatty acid specific turnover mechanisms.

Among those, 14 loci (KCNH7, AGPAT1, PNLIPRP2, SYT9, FADS1-2-3, DLG2, APOA1, ELOVL2, CDK17, LIPC, PDXDC1, PLD2, LASS4, and APOE) mapped into the glycerophospholipid and 12 loci (ILKAP, ITGA9, AGPAT1, FADS1-2-3, APOA1, PCDH20, LIPC, PDXDC1, SGPP1, APOE, LASS4, and PLD2) to the sphingolipid pathways. In large meta-analyses, associations between FADS1-2-3 and carotid intima media thickness, AGPAT1 and type 2 diabetes, and APOA1 and coronary artery disease were observed. In conclusion, our study identified nine novel phospho- and sphingolipid loci, substantially increasing our knowledge of the genetic basis for these traits.
The main functions of adipose tissue are thought to be storage and mobilization of the body’s energy reserves, active and passive thermoregulation, participation in the spatial organization of internal organs, protection of the body from lipotoxicity, and ectopic lipid deposition. After the discovery of adipokines, the endocrine function was added to the above list, and after the identification of crosstalk between adipocytes and immune cells, an immune function was suggested. Nonetheless, it turned out that the mechanisms underlying mutual regulatory relations of adipocytes, preadipocytes, immune cells, and their microenvironment are complex and redundant at many levels. One possible way to elucidate the picture of adipose-tissue regulation is to determine genetic variants correlating with obesity. In this review, we examine various aspects of adipose-tissue involvement in innate immune responses as well as variants of immune-response genes associated with obesity.
We report a measurement of the time-dependent ratio of D0->K+pi- to D0->K-pi+ decay rates in D*+-tagged events using 1.0 fb^{-1} of integrated luminosity recorded by the LHCb experiment.

We measure the mixing parameters x'2=(-0.9+-1.3)x10^{-4}, y'=(7.2+-2.4)x10^{-3} and the ratio of doubly-Cabibbo-suppressed to Cabibbo-favored decay rates R_D=(3.52+-0.15)x10^{-3}, where the uncertainties include statistical and systematic sources.

The result excludes the no-mixing hypothesis with a probability corresponding to 9.1 standard deviations and represents the first observation of D0-D0bar oscillations from a single measurement.
Activation of a hydroxyl group towards nucleophilic substitution via reaction with methanesulfonyl chloride or PPh3-CBr4 system is a commonly used pathway to various functional derivatives. The reactions of (5R(S),6R(S))-1-X-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2-dimethyl- 1-azaspiro[4.4]nonanes 1a-d (X = O·; H; OBn, OBz) with MsCl/NR3 or PPh3-CBr4 were studied. Depending on substituent X, the reaction afforded hexahydro-1H,6H-cyclopenta[c]pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoxazole (2) (for X = O), a mixture of 2 and octahydrocyclopenta[c]azepines (4-6) (for X = OBn, OBz), or perhydro-cyclopenta[2,3]azeto[1,2-a]pyrrol (3) (for X = H) derivatives. Alkylation of the latter with MeI with subsequent Hofmann elimination afforded 2,3,3-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,7,8,8a-octahydrocyclopenta[c]azepine with 56% yield.
The scientific and practical Conference on China and countries along the Silk Road development issues in the past and modern days.

The Conference is held annually in the ‘NSU Confucius Institute / Class’ and the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS joint project framework.

In 2019, among participants were experts and professors from Novosibirsk, Barnaul, Krasnoyarsk, Moscow, Omsk, Almaty, Nanjing, Urumqi.
Introduction. Argyria is an acquired skin condition that appears after the exposure or consumption of silver, leading to blue or grey coloration of the skin and mucosa. The aim of the present work was to draw researchers’ attention to two aspects of the argyria that until now have not received enough consideration. They are: (1) the process of delivering silver compound from the gastrointestinal tract to the skin and (2) the possibility for silver chloride to participate in this process along with the silver proteinates. Methodology. Illustrative experiments included the observation of color change (visual and using UV-Vis spectrometry) under different light exposure conditions of silver chloride sol in a sweat-simulating solution, in vials and under pig skin (in direct contact). Results and Discussion. A hypothetical mechanism based on a perspiration system for delivering the silver compounds from the gastrointestinal tract to the skin for argyria was proposed. It was also proposed not to completely exclude the partial participation of silver chloride along with the silver proteinates in this process.
The reduction in bone and muscle mass increases in menopausal women and poses a threat to the loss of self-dependence in the elderly.

The study was based on the Russian arm of the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial Factors In Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) project (Novosibirsk). In a subsample of postmenopausal women aged 55-84 years old (n = 2005), we assessed the history of OFF during the last 3 years and risk factors for fracture and common NCD/. Cross-sectional associations between OFF history and potential determinants were analyzed using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression.

In studied population sample of postmenopausal women the cross-sectional determinants of osteoporotic forearm fractures were smoking in the past and high total cholesterol value; body mass index protectively related to the risk of osteoporotic fractures. These findings might have implications for fracture prevention in postmenopausal women.
1 НИИ терапии и профилактической медициныфилиал ФИЦ Институт цитологии и генетики
The recent interest in a light gauge boson in the framework of an extra U(1) symmetry motivates searches in the mass range below 1 GeV. We present a search for such a particle, the dark photon, in e+e−→Uγ, U→π+π− based on 28 million e+e−→π+π−γ events collected at DAΦNE by the KLOE experiment. The π+ π− production by initial-state radiation compensates for a loss of sensitivity of previous KLOE U→e+e−, μ+μ− searches due to the small branching ratios in the ρ–ω resonance region. We found no evidence for a signal and set a limit at 90% CL on the mixing strength between the photon and the dark photon, ε2, in the U mass range between 527 and 987MeV. Above 700 MeV this new limit is more stringent than previous ones.
The paper presents the long-time dynamics with multiple collisions of breathers in the super compact Zakharov equation for unidirectional deep water waves. Solutions in the form of breathers were found numerically by the Petviashvili method. In the terms of envelope and the assumption of the narrow spectral width the super compact equation turns into the well known exact integrable model—nonlinear Schrödinger equation, and the breather solution in this case turns into envelope soliton. The results of numerical simulations show that two main scenarios of long-time dynamics occur during numerous collisions of breathers. In the first case, one of the breathers regularly takes a number of particles from the other one at each collision and in the second one a structure resembling the bi-soliton solution of nonlinear Schrödinger equation arises during the collision. Despite these scenarios, it is shown that after numerous collisions the only one breather having initially a larger number of particles remains.
There are various methods for calculating rarefied gas flows, in particular, statistical methods and deterministic methods based on the finite-difference solutions of the Boltzmann nonlinear kinetic equation and on the solutions of model kinetic equations. There is no universal method; each has its disadvantages in terms of efficiency or accuracy. The choice of the method depends on the problem to be solved and on parameters of calculated flows. Qualitative theoretical arguments help to determine the range of parameters of effectively solved problems for each method; however, it is advisable to perform comparative tests of calculations of the classical problems performed by different methods and with different parameters to have quantitative confirmation of this reasoning. The paper provides the results of the calculations performed by the authors with the help of the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method and finite-difference methods of solving the Boltzmann equation and model kinetic equations. Based on this comparison, conclusions are made on selecting a particular method for flow simulations in various ranges of flow parameters.
The general method of segregation analysis of pedigree data has been developed and widely used in human genetics. We modified this method to examine pedigree data coming from inter-population crosses. These kinds of pedigrees are common in laboratory and farm animal breeding. This paper describes a rationale for the method and illustrates its application to the study of inheritance of litter size and of male sterility in hybrid stock of the house musk shrew (Suncus murinus) derived from crosses of two geographically isolated populations.
The spherical neutral detector (SND) takes data at the e+e- collider VEPP-2000 in Novosibirsk.

We present here recent upgrades of the SND DAQ system which are mainly aimed to handle the enhanced events rate load after the collider modernization. To maintain acceptable events selection quality the electronics throughput and computational power should be increased. These goals are achieved with the new fast digitizing electronics and distributed data taking. The data flow for the most congested detector subsystems is distributed and processed separately.

We describe the new distributed SND DAQ software architecture, its computational and network infrastructure.
Photoinduced elementary processes in chiral linked systems, consisting of drugs and tryptophan (Trp) residues, attract considerable attention due to several aspects. First of all, these are models that allow one to trace the full and partial charge transfer underlying the binding of drugs to enzymes and receptors. On the other hand, Trp fluorescence is widely used to establish the structure and conformational mobility of proteins due to its high sensitivity to the microenvironment. Therefore, the study of mechanisms of Trp fluorescence quenching in various systems has both fundamental and practical interest.

An analysis of the photo-chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (CIDNP) and Trp fluorescence quenching in (R/S)-ketoprofen-(S)-tryptophan ((S/R)-KP-(S)-Trp) dyad carried out in this work allowed us to trace the intramolecular reversible electron transfer (ET) and obtain evidence in favor of the resonance energy transfer (RET).

The fraction of dyad’s singlet excited state, quenched via ET, was shown to be 7.5 times greater for the (S,S)-diastereomer than for the (R,S) analog. At the same time, the ratio of the fluorescence quantum yields shows that quenching effectiveness of (S,S)-diastereomer to be 5.4 times lower than for the (R,S) analog. It means that the main mechanism of Trp fluorescence quenching in (S/R)-KP-(S)-Trp dyad is RET.
Developing A.D. Aleksandrov's ideas, the first author proposed the following approach to study of rigidity problems for the boundary of a C 0 -submanifold in a smooth Riemannian manifold.Let Y1 be a two-dimensional compact connected C 0 -submanifold with non-empty boundary in some smooth twodimensional Riemannian manifold (X, g) without boundary.Let us consider the intrinsic metric (the infimum of the lengths of paths, connecting a pair of points".) of the interior Int Y1 of Y1, and extend it by continuity (operation lim ) to the boundary points of ∂Y1.In this paper the rigidity conditions are studied, i.e., when the constructed limiting metric defines ∂Y1 up to isometry of ambient space (X, g).We also consider the case dim Yj = dim X = n, n > 2.
In the Japanese transcription, instead of the zoonyme 'dragonfly', another zoonyme 'grasshopper' is used. In addition, in Japanese linguistic culture, there are two versions of the fable. In one version, the ants refuse to help the grasshopper, and he dies. In another version, the ants help the grasshopper, and he lives through the winter with the ants and plays the violin. A type of entertainment that has existed for a long time in traditional Japanese culture is to listen to the sounds of insects. In modern-day Japan, there is a subculture of kirigirisu, the culture of street musicians, which entertain listeners. Besides, some even choose cosplay costumes in order to dress up as a grasshopper.

The teaching method consists of several stages: - Introduction of a zoonyme (its meanings and spelling options); - Explanation of its significance in Japanese linguistic culture; - Descriptions of associations connected with this zoonyme in Japanese linguistic culture; - The use of the zoonyme in its direct meaning; - The use of the zoonyme as a metaphor in phrases, sentences and proverbs.

The teaching of zoonymes and zoomorphic metaphors has both an applied and theoretical significance. In applied terms, it will help students who study Japanese learn more about Japanese linguistic culture; to get acquainted with the legends and traditions connected with these insects; to understand the associations that exist in Japanese society in connection with these insects; to learn the use of zoonymes in direct and figurative meanings in phrases and sentences, as well as to understand idioms in which the names of the insects are used. In theoretical terms, learning zoonymes will help students to understand Japanese linguistic culture and the essence of metaphorical meanings on the basis of examples of a non-native language. The proposed method can be used to get acquainted with any zoonymes and zoomorphic metaphors.
This paper considers the photoelectrochemical characteristics of a composite porous TiO2 thin film with deposited plasmonic gold nanoparticles. The deposition of gold nanoparticles was carried out by the laser-induced chemical liquid-phase deposition (LCLD) method. The structural characteristics of the composite have been studied; it has been shown that the porous TiO2 film has a lattice related to the tetragonal system and is in the anatase phase. Gold nanoparticles form on the surface of a porous TiO2 film. A complex of photoelectrochemical measurements was carried out. It was shown that the deposition of plasmonic gold nanoparticles led to a significant increase in the photocurrent density by ~820%. The proposed concept is aimed at testing the method of forming a uniform layer of plasmonic gold nanoparticles on a porous TiO2 film, studying their photocatalytic properties for further scaling, and obtaining large area Au/TiO2/FTO photoelectrodes, including in the roll-to-roll process.
This combustor developed for experimental investigation of flow, heat transfer and combustion. In practical, the V-shape flames are more often used.

This paper reports on the investigation of combustion features of synthesis gas/air and methane/air flames in a model gas turbine combustor with swirling flow via numerical simulation. For synthesis gas combustion ratio of hydrogen and carbon monoxide was 1:1. The equivalence ratio Φ in both cases was 1.5. The combustor contains systems for water- and air-cooling that provides reasonable temperature value of combustor walls in operating mode.

The methane/air flame has the lifted V-shape and synthesis gas/air flame has the columnar tubular flame. To provide more practical combustion regimes for synthesis gas/air mixture it is necessary to increase the fuel-oxidant mixing efficiency in the premixer of the combustor.
<p>In this manuscript we present the new friendly seismic tomography software based on joint inversion of active and passive seismic sources called PARTOS (Passive Active Ray TOmography Software). This code has been developed on the base of two well-known widely used tomographic algorithms (LOTOS and ATOM-3D), providing a robust set of algorithms. The dataset used to set and test the program has been provided by TOMO-ETNA experiment. TOMO-ETNA database is a large, high-quality dataset that includes active and passive seismic sources recorded during a period of 4 months in 2014. We performed a series of synthetic tests in order to estimate the resolution and robustness of the solutions. Real data inversion has been carried out using 3 different subsets: i) active data; ii) passive data; and iii) joint dataset. Active database is composed by a total of 16,950 air-gun shots during 1 month and passive database includes 452 local and regional earthquakes recorded during 4 months. This large dataset provides a high ray density within the study region. The combination of active and passive seismic data, together with the high quality of the database, permits to obtain a new tomographic approach of the region under study never done before. An additional user-guide of PARTOS software is provided in order to facilitate the implementation for new users.</p>
Following reorganization of the Confucius Institute Headquarters in 2021, the project 'Confucius Institute at Novosibirsk State University' was taken patronage by its Chinese partner – Xinjiang University.

This article observes three fields of activities of the NSU Confucius Institute Center that took place that year: teaching Chinese, organizing cultural events, conducting scholarly research. It encountered numerous difficulties such as the decrease of teaching staff, the number of Chinese learners shrinking by half, school closures and restrictions in holding cultural events, cancellation of academic mobility and international visits.

The center, however, adapted to the new normal having benefited from its patrons from both sides and having succeeded in everything planned. Some of the achieved goals were the construction of a recreational area in a national style where visitors can concurrently learn about the institute's activity, renovation of an old room to be a resource library for students and teachers, the launch of a distance learning platform for studying Chinese online, establishment of the Knowledge student club. All things considered, the activity of the Confucius Institute at Novosibirsk State University consolidates the idea of working 'together for a shared future'.
To study the combined effect of cardiovascular risk factors and genetic markers that encode the proteins of the main components of neurophysiological systems (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, sympathetic-adrenal systems, endothelial dysfunction) on the development of arterial hypertension among the indigenous and non-indigenous population of Mountain Shoriya.

We performed a clinical and epidemiological study of the compactly settled population in the remote areas of Mountain Shoriya. This region of middle mountains is situated in the south of Western Siberia. We examined 1409 subjects (901 subjects – the representatives of indigenous nationality [the Shors], 508 subjects – representatives of non-indigenous nationality [90% among them were the representatives of the European ethnicity]). Hypertension was diagnosed according to the National Guidelines of the Russian Society of Cardiology/the Russian Medical Society on Arterial Hypertension (2010). All patients underwent clinical, laboratory and instrumental investigation. Polymorphisms of genes ACE (I/D, rs 4340), А GT (c.803T>C, rs699), AGTR1 ( А 1166 С , rs5186), ADRB1 ( с .145A>G, Ser49Gly, rs1801252), ADRA2B (I/D, rs 28365031), MTHFR (c.677 С > Т , Ala222Val, rs1801133) and NOS3 (VNTR, 4b/4a) were tested using polymerase chain reaction.

Cardiovascular risk factors associated with hypertension in cohort of Shorians: hypercholesterolemia [Odds Ratio (OR) 1.54, low density lipoproteinemia (OR 1.48), violation of carbohydrate metabolism (OR 1.53), obesity (OR 2.25), including its abdominal type (OR 1.53), the family anamnesis of early cardiovascular diseases (OR 1.88)] and rs4340 polymorphisms of the ACE gene (OR 4.39), rs5186 of the AGTR1 gene (OR 10.02); in the cohort of the non-indigenous ethnos – hypercholesterolemia (OR 1.87), hypertriglyceridemia (OR 1.87), obesity (OR 2.75), abdominal obesity (OR 2.73), family anamnesis of early cardiovascular diseases (OR 2.48), the polymorphism rs5186 of the AGTR1 gene (OR 26.77). Genotype G/G ADRB1 gene was characterized by protective effect against hypertension in the Shorians. Evaluation of the complex influence of clinical and genetic factors on the development of hypertension in the population of Mountain Shoriya showed their comparable importance among the indigenous population and the predominance of non-genetic factors among the non-indigenous population.
The study was initiated due to the blooming of filamentous algae (mainly of the genus Spirogyra) and cyanobacteria in the coastal zone of Lake Baikal under climate change and anthropogenic impact.

The composition and taxonomic diversity of algae and other organisms associated with them on different sites of Lake Baikal and in the Kaya were determined using DNA-metabarcoding. About 15 thousand reads of the 18S rRNA marker were obtained by applying NGS (next-generation sequencing).

The results of the study show that the analysis of the minor component of the eukaryotic community in samples requires a read-depths of at least 100,000 sequences per sample. In general, the DNA-metabarcoding method is recommended for studying the structure of algal communities and eukaryotes associated with them.