Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
We report a study of the suppressed decay B^- -> DK^-, D -> K^+\pi^-\pi^0, where D denotes either a D^0 or a \bar{D}^0 meson. The decay is sensitive to the CP-violating parameter \phi_3. Using a data sample of 772 x 10^6 B\bar{B} pairs collected at the \Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector, we measure the ratio of branching fractions of the above suppressed decay to the favored decay B^- -> DK^-, D -> K^-\pi^+\pi^0. Our result is R_{DK} = [1.98 +/- 0.62(stat.) +/- 0.24(syst.)] x 10^{-2}, which indicates the first evidence of the signal for this suppressed decay with a significance of 3.2 standard deviations. We measure the direct CP asymmetry between the suppressed B^- and B^+ decays to be A_{DK} = 0.41 +/- 0.30 (stat.) +/- 0.05 (syst.). We also report measurements for the analogous quantities R_{D\pi} and A_{D\pi} for the decay B^- -> D\pi^-, D -> K^+\pi^-\pi^0.
The silver fox is a strictly seasonal breeder, and photoperiod is the primary environmental cue that regulates reproduction in this species. The aim of the present paper is to study effects of long-term selection of silver foxes for domestic behaviour on photosensitivity in respect of oestrus activity, ovarian hormonal function and the litter size. Adult silver fox females from the commercial and selected population were exposed to artificial photoperiods (9.5L: 14.5D) from September until March in a specially equipped shed. The females of two behaviour types maintained in natural daylight served as a control. The experimental groups received illumination in two fractions, one of 7 and one of 2.5 hours duration. The 7-hour period was natural daylight from 10:00 to 17:00 and the additional light pulse was artificial illumination at night (00-02:30), in the morning (06:00-08:30) and in the evening (17:30-20:00). The results demonstrate that a light pulse at night can induce early oestrus and ovarian hormonal activity in anoestrus fox females and the effect was expressed in most extent in selected than in control females. Additionally, this photoperiod decreased dramatically the litter size in both behavioural groups. Photoperiods with morning and evening additional light pulse did not change the temporal pattern of the reproductive rhythm but the litter size was also decreased in control-combined group but not in selected one. All artificial photoperiods depressed the ovarian hormonal activity during follicular and luteal phases of the ovarian cycle and the group with the night additional light pulse had a most pronounced response. The data obtained suggested that behavior selection resulted in an alteration in the relationship between the endogenous reproductive rhythm and environmental photoperiod and increased resist-ibility to detrimental effects of artificial photoperiods on the litter size
The initial beam emittance determines the maximum wakefield amplitude that can be reached as a result of beam self-modulation in the plasma.

The wakefield excited by the fully self-modulated beam decreases linearly with the increase of the beam emittance. There is a value of initial emittance beyond which the self-modulation does not develop even if the instability is initiated by a strong seed perturbation.

The emittance scale at which the wakefield is twice suppressed with respect to the zero-emittance case (the so called critical emittance) is determined by inability of the excited wave to confine beam particles radially and is related to beam and plasma parameters by a simple formula. The effect of beam emittance can be observed in several discussed self-modulation experiments.
Novosibirsk Scientific Center (NSC), also known worldwide as Akademgorodok, is one of the largest Russian scientific centers hosting Novosibirsk State University (NSU) and more than 35 research organizations of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences including Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP), Institute of Computational Technologies (ICT), and Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics (ICM&MG). Since each institute has specific requirements on the architecture of the computing farms involved in its research field, currentiy we've got several computing facilities hosted by NSC institutes, each optimized for the particular set of tasks, of which the largest are the NSU Supercomputer Center, Siberian Supercomputer Center (ICM&MG), and a Grid Computing Facility of BINP.

Recendy a dedicated optical network with the initial bandwidth of 10 Gbps connecting these three facilities was built in order to make it possible to share the computing resources among the research communities of participating institutes, thus providing a common platform for building the computing infrastructure for various scientific projects. Unification of the computing infrastructure is achieved by extensive use of virtualization technologies based on XEN and KVM platforms.

The solution implemented was tested thoroughly within the computing environment of KEDR detector experiment which is being carried out at BINP, and foreseen to be applied to the use cases of other HEP experiments in the upcoming future.
In boron neutron capture therapy, the total absorbed dose is the sum of four dose components with different relative biological effectiveness (RBE): boron dose, "nitrogen" dose, fast neutron dose and γ-ray dose.

We present a new approach for measuring the first three doses. In this work, we provide the details of this method of dose measurement

and results when this proposed method is employed.
Noctilucent, or "night-shining," clouds (NLCs) are a spectacular optical nighttime phenomenon that is very often neglected in the context of atmospheric optics. This paper gives a brief overview of current understanding of NLCs by providing a simple physical picture of their formation, relevant observational characteristics, and scientific challenges of NLC research. Modern ground-based photographic NLC observations, carried out in the framework of automated digital camera networks around the globe, are outlined. In particular, the obtained results refer to studies of single quasi-stationary waves in the NLC field. These waves exhibit specific propagation properties—high localization, robustness, and long lifetime—that are the essential requisites of solitary waves.
Data on the contribution of ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) components to the risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) are limited. We prospectively tested the hypothesis that ABP may represent a potentially modifiable risk factor for the development of AF in a European population study.We recorded daytime blood pressure (BP) in 3956 subjects randomly recruited from the general population in five European countries. Of these participants, 2776 (70.2%) underwent complete 24-hour ABP monitoring. Median follow-up was 14 years. We defined daytime systolic BP load as the percentage BP readings above 135 mm Hg. The incidence of AF was assessed from ECGs obtained at baseline and follow-up and from records held by general practitioners and/or hospitals.Overall, during 58 810 person-years of follow-up, 143 participants experienced new-onset AF. In adjusted Cox models, each SD increase in baseline 24 hours, daytime and night-time systolic BP was associated with a 27% (P=0.0056), 22% (P=0.023) and 20% (P=0.029) increase in the risk for incident AF, respectively. Conventional systolic BP was borderline associated with the risk of AF (18%; P=0.06). As compared with the average population risk, participants in the lower quartile of daytime systolic BP load (38%), the risk was 46% higher (P=0.0094).Systolic ABP is a significant predictor of incident AF in a population-based cohort. We also observed that participants with a daytime systolic BP load >38% had significantly increased risk of incident AF.
The new data on the trap magmatism affecting the hydrogeochemistry of brines in southwestern Kureyka syncline in the west of the ancient Siberian platform are presented. The brines occurring in Paleozoic and Proterozoic deposits have salinity (total dissolved solids) varying broadly: from 30.2 to 469.6 g/dm 3 for Na Cl, Na-Ca Cl, Ca-Na Cl, Ca-Mg Cl and Ca Cl types, among which the mixed types (Ca-Na Cl and Na-Ca Cl) are found prevailing. The activity of intrusive trap magmatism in the contact zone (with a strike length of up to 400 m) facilitated the disintegration of organic compounds in the free and water-dissolved form (CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 8 , iC 4 H 10 , nC 4 H 10 , iC 5 H 12 , nC 5 H 12 , C 6 H 14 , I, B, NH 4 ). The reaction of the intruding traps brines interaction significantly affected the initial composition of brines, showing a shift towards their saturation with iron, aluminum, silica and other components and thus bearing the evidence of possible salt-induced metal extraction from magmatic melts into an ore-bearing fluid.
The activation of parahydrogen by a metal-free P–P biradicaloid leads to1H and31P nuclear spin hyperpolarization.
Objective: to determine the optimal method for long-term wet storage of donor material (50 days after collection), with maximum ability to preserve the original mechanical characteristics.

Materials and methods. Porcine aortic wall fragments were used as objects of study. Half of the original material underwent detergent-based decellularization. The entire material (native and processed) was placed for 50 days in biocidal solutions: complex alcohol solution; ethanol and glycerol mixture; antibiotics mixture. Then the tests for mechanical strength of native and decellularized samples were carried out by the method of uniaxial longitudinal and circumferential stress.

Conclusion. Detergent-based decellularization of the porcine aortic wall and subsequent storage of these samples in our chosen experimental solutions for 50 days does not significantly affect the elastic properties of the material. Our proposed treatment methods partially increase the stiffness of the material after storage in alcohol-containing solutions.
The apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site is considered to be a common lesion in genomic DNA.It is widely accepted that, irrespective of their origin, AP sites are further processed by the base excision repair (BER) machinery, being the central intermediate of this process.Under special conditions, proteins, which recognize AP sites, are able to form covalent adducts with DNA.

By combination of the cross-linking technique with mass-spectrometry analysis, Ku antigen (Ku) -the central player in nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), the pathway of double-strand break (DSB) repair -was identified as a protein reactive to AP sites.Moreover, Ku was shown to be a 5'-dRP/AP lyase that acts near DSBs in NHEJ.

The recent studies have demonstrated involvement of Ku in the different stages of BER.Here we make an overview of Ku roles in the NHEJ and BER pathways of DNA repair.
To determine the levels of psychosocial factors (PSF) of the cardiovascular risk (CVR) in young men and women in gender dimension (on the model of Tyumen).

An epidemiological cross-sectional study was conducted on a representative sample of the Tyumen population among men (n=1000, response 85,0%) and women (n=1000, response 70,3%) of 25-64 years old; 25,0% in each life decade. Data were obtained from young people aged 25-34 and 35-44 years old compared with a standardized age value (25-64 years). The PSF examination was carried out according to the algorithms of the WHO MONICA-Psychosocial Program.

Among young open urban population, the prevalence of moderate levels of depression and life exhaustion, a high level of hostility, moderate level of personal anxiety in men and a high level of personal anxiety in women was observed. In men of 25-34 years, compared with the general population values, the highest prevalence of the personal anxiety moderate level and hostility high level was revealed. There were high personal anxiety, depression and hostility levels among young women. In the gender dimension, young women were characterized by a significantly higher prevalence of high levels of CVR PSF: personal anxiety, depression, hostility, life exhaustion, moderate levels of life exhaustion, men —moderate levels of personal anxiety and hostility. The data obtained should be useful for formation of preventive cardiology programs on the basis of PSF assessing, starting from a young age.
LnZrOx (Ln: La, Sm) mixed oxides of Ln: Zr = 1 were prepared by different methods (complex polymerized method, sorption of cations on starch from aqueous salt solution and conventional co-precipitation with additional redispersion of precipitate by ultra sound) and calcined at 700–1300 °C. Their specific structural features and changes were studied and discussed. Various characterization methods were used such as X-ray diffraction, Electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-Ray absorption fine structure and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The formation of pyrochlore structure occurred at 1100–1300 °C from fluorite-like pseudocubic phase ZrO2 regardless the method of preparation. This phase had a block-like structure consisting of ZrO2 nanocrystals stabilized by Ln cations and residual anions such as hydroxyls and carbonates. The desorption of such anions with heating already started at 900 °C and lead to local changes of Zr cations coordination to octahedral and to the formation of pyrochlore nanodomains inclusions within fluorite-like phase. The increased cation mobility and further elimination of anions caused by further heating was accompanied by the formation of bulk pyrochlore phase at 1100–1300 °C. Even after calcination at 1300 °C the local microheterogeneity as well as defects were identified at domains boundaries or sintered microstructure. These specific features of the formed pyrochlores depend on the method of preparation.
GaAs thermal smoothing by annealing in conditions which are close to equilibrium between the surface and vapors of As and Ga was earlier proved to be effective for the step-terraced surface formation on epi-ready substrates with a small root-mean-square roughness (Rq ≤ 0.15 nm). In the present study, this technique is further developed in order to reduce the annealing duration and to smooth GaAs samples with a larger initial roughness. To this end, we proposed a two-stage anneal with the first high-temperature stage aimed at smoothing "coarse" relief features and the second stage focused on "fine" smoothing at a lower temperature. The optimal temperatures and durations of two-stage annealing are found by Monte Carlo simulations and adjusted after experimentation. It is proved that the temperature and duration of the first high-temperature stage are restricted by the surface roughening, which occurs due to deviations from equilibrium conditions.
While silicon and gallium arsenide are dominant materials in modern micro-and nanoelectronics, devices fabricated from them still use Si and GaAs substrates only separately.Integrating these materials on the large and cheep Si substrate has been the subject of enormous research efforts for the past three decades.This review attempts to systematize and generalize the current understanding of the fundamental physical mechanisms governing the epitaxial growth of GaAs and related III-V compounds on Si substrates.Different kinds of bonding as a very promising non-epitaxial method for III-V thin film integration on Si substrate are reviewed.Basic techniques available for improving the quality of such heterostructures are described, and recent advances in fabricating of device-quality III-V-on-Si heterostructures and corresponding devices are also presented.
Combustion events found in the present conditions are similar to those observed in the previous studies on diffusion combustion of hydrogen microjets at subsonic and supersonic velocities.

In the present paper we show our recent experimental data on diffusion combustion of a round hydrogen microjet in a cocurrent flow of air mixed with nanoparticles of TiO2. The hydrogen microjet is emanated from a round micronozzle which is surrounded by a coaxial slit to produce the cocurrent flow.

In a subsonic range, the so-called 'bottleneck-flame region' is generated close to the nozzle exit, while in high-speed conditions the flame separates from the nozzle. At increasing velocity of both the hydrogen microjet and the cocurrent flow, the 'bottleneck-flame region' is still found and the combustion becomes more intense. The 'bottleneck-flame region' is suppressed at the microjet velocity approaching transonic values.
The decay τ⁻→K⁻K_Sν_τ has been studied using 430×10⁶ e⁺e⁻→τ⁺τ⁻ events produced at a center-of-mass energy around 10.6 GeV at the PEP-II collider and studied with the BABAR detector.

The mass spectrum of the K⁻K_S system has been measured and the spectral function has been obtained.

The measured branching fraction B(τ⁻→K⁻K_Sν_τ)= (0.739±0.011(stat.)±0.020(syst.))×10⁻³ is found to be in agreement with earlier measurements.
There is a growing body of evidence that interventions like cognitive training or exercises prior to the manifestation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) symptoms may decelerate cognitive decline. Nonetheless, evidence of prevention or a delay of dementia is still insufficient.

Using OXYS rats as a suitable model of sporadic AD and Wistar rats as a control, we examined effects of cognitive training in the Morris water maze on neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus in presymptomatic (young rats) and symptomatic (adult rats) periods of development of AD signs. Four weeks after the cognitive training, we immunohistochemically estimated densities of quiescent and amplifying neuronal progenitors, neuronal-lineage cells (neuroblasts and immature and mature neurons), and astrocytes in young and adult rats, and the amyloid precursor protein and amyloid-β in adult rats.

Reference memory was defective in OXYS rats. The cognitive training did not affect neuronal-lineage cells’ density in either rat strain either at the young or adult age, but activated neuronal progenitors in young rats and increased astrocyte density and downregulated amyloid-β in adult OXYS rats. Thus, to activate adult neurogenesis, cognitive training should be started before first neurodegenerative changes, whereas cognitive training accompanying amyloid-β accumulation affects only astrocytic support.
The propagation of nonlinear waves is well-described by a number of integrable models leading to the concept of the scattering data also known as the nonlinear Fourier spectrum.

Here we investigate the fundamental problem of the nonlinear wavefield scattering data corrections in response to a perturbation of initial condition using inverse scattering transform theory. We present a complete theoretical linear perturbation framework to evaluate first-order corrections of the full set of the scattering data within the integrable one-dimensional focusing nonlinear Schrodinger (NLSE) equation. Applying the developed theory to a classic box-shaped wavefield we solve the derived equations analytically for a single Fourier mode acting as a perturbation to the initial condition. With the appropriate statistical averaging we model the soliton noise-induced effects resulting in compact relations for standard deviations of soliton parameters. Relying on a concept of a virtual soliton eigenvalue we derive the probability of a soliton emergence or the opposite due to noise and illustrate these theoretical predictions with direct numerical simulations of the NLSE evolution.

The general scattering data portrait reveals nonlinear coherent structures - solitons - playing the key role in the wavefield evolution. Note that the evolution of the box field within the NLSE model represents a classical so-called dam-break problem. A wide box-shaped field is unstable to long wave perturbations constituting the phenomena of modulation instability. In conclusion we discuss possible applications of the developed theory to these fundamental problems of physics of nonlinear waves.
The Cas9 endonuclease is an essential component of the CRISPR–Cas-based genome editing tools. The attainment of high specificity and efficiency of Cas9 during targetted DNA cleavage is the main problem that limits the clinical application of the CRISPR–Cas9 system. A deep understanding of the Cas9 mechanism and its structural-functional relationships is required to develop strategies for precise gene editing. Here, we present the first attempt to describe the solution structure of Cas9 from S. pyogenes using hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) coupled to molecular dynamics simulations. HDX data revealed multiple protein regions with deuterium uptake levels varying from low to high. By analysing the difference in relative deuterium uptake by apoCas9 and its complex with sgRNA, we identified peptides involved in the complex formation and possible changes in the protein conformation. The REC3 domain was shown to undergo the most prominent conformational change upon enzyme-RNA interactions. Detection of the HDX in two forms of the enzyme provided detailed information about changes in the Cas9 structure induced by sgRNA binding and quantified the extent of the changes. The study demonstrates the practical utility of HDX-MS for the elucidation of mechanistic aspects of Cas9 functioning.
The cross section for the process $e^+e^- \to \omega\eta$ is measured in the center-of-mass energy range 1.34--2.00 GeV. The analysis is based on data collected with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider.

The measured $e^+e^- \to \omega\eta$ cross section is the most accurate to date.

A significant discrepancy is observed between our data and previous BABAR measurement.
We consider the problems of the authorship of literary texts in the framework of the quantitative study of literature. This article proposes a methodology for authorship attribution of literary texts based on the use of data compressors. Unlike other methods, the suggested one gives a possibility to make statistically verified results. This method is used to solve two problems of attribution in Russian literature.
GR-TRRd section of TRRd database accumulates the largest out of currently published samples of nucleotide sequences that are experimentally proved to bind glucocorticoid hormone receptor (GR). This sample consists of 160 glucocorticiod receptor binding sites (GRbss) from vertebrate genes controlled by glucocorticoids.

analysis of the sample has shown that the structure of only half of GRbss (54%) corresponds to traditional viewpoint about structural organization of glucocorticoid response element (GRE) as an inverted repeat of hexameric half-site sequence TGTTCT. 40% of GRbss contain only hexameric half-site. Notably, there exist experimental evidence about participation of most of these GRbss in glucocorticoid regulation.

as a result of increasing the number of sequences in the sample of GRbss, we have specified the consensus of sites organized in a form of inverted repeat (palindromic GREs). On the basis of literature data several possible mechanisms of action of noncanonical GRbss containing hexameric half-sites in glucocorticoid induction are proposed.
The torque of the rotational resistance in the Ku-Etta multi-cylinder system rotating in the direction towards each other is measured. The experiments were carried out for three values of the kinematic viscosity of the working fluid that fills the multicylinder system: water at a temperature of 24 °C (viscosity 0.9 cSt), an aqueous solution of glycerol at 20 °C and 41 °C (2.5 cSt and 5.2 cSt). An attempt is made to investigate the features of a viscous flow in the multicolor Couette flow system from the analysis of the energy spectra of the moment of resistance to rotation of cylinders.