Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The broad-scale environment plays a substantial role in shaping modern marine ecosystems, but the degree to which palaeocommunities were influenced by their environment is unclear.

To investigate how broad-scale environment influenced the community ecology of early animal ecosystems, we employed spatial point process analyses (SPPA) to examine the community structure of seven late Ediacaran (558–550 Ma) bedding-plane assemblages drawn from a range of environmental settings and global localities.

The studied palaeocommunities exhibit marked differences in the response of their component taxa to sub-metre-scale habitat heterogeneities on the seafloor. Shallow-marine (nearshore) palaeocommunities were heavily influenced by local habitat heterogeneities, in contrast to their deeper-water counterparts. The local patchiness within shallow-water communities may have been further accentuated by the presence of grazers and detritivores, whose behaviours potentially initiated a propagation of increasing habitat heterogeneity of benthic communities from shallow to deep-marine depositional environments. Higher species richness in shallow-water Ediacaran assemblages compared to deep-water counterparts across the studied time-interval could have been driven by this environmental patchiness, because habitat heterogeneities increase species richness in modern marine environments. Our results provide quantitative support for the ‘Savannah’ hypothesis for early animal diversification—whereby Ediacaran diversification was driven by patchiness in the local benthic environment.
Beet webworm Loxostege sticticalis is a notorious pest widely distributed on the territory of Eurasia. Its outbreaks cause severe damage to crops in Russia and China. Here Wolbachia infection is reported for the first time in L. sticticalis. Larvae were sampled in Rostov, Saratov, Irkutsk Regions and Republic of Buryatia in 2005–2013. Primers targeting the wsp gene were used for the PCR screening of Wolbachia. Among 148 larvae, 35 were Wolbachia positive. Wolbachia prevalence rate ranged from 21 to 40 % in the Asian and from 0 to 47 % in the European part of Russia. The combined sample subsets were compared for European versus Asian part of Russia and 2005–2009 versus 2010–2013 timeframes. The prevalence rates of Wolbachia were not significantly different between two parts of Russia, but the endosymbiont presence (estimated for the total dataset) increased with time within the observation period.
Cytotoxic activity of T- and NK-cells can be efficiently retargeted against cancer cells using chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) and rTCRs. In the context of solid cancers, use of armored CAR T- and NK cells secreting additional anti-cancer molecules such as cytokines, chemokines, antibodies, BiTEs, inverted cytokine receptors, and checkpoint inhibitors, appears particularly promising, as this may help overcome immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, attract bystander immune cells, and boost CAR T/NK-cell persistence. Placing the expression of such molecules under the transcriptional control downstream of CAR-mediated T/NK-cell activation offers the advantage of targeted delivery, high local concentration, and reduced toxicity. Several canonic DNA sequences that are known to function as activation-inducible promoters in human T and B cells have been described to date and typically encompass the multimers of NFkB and NFAT binding sites. However, relatively little is known about the DNA sequences that may function as activation-driven switches in the context of NK cells.

We set out to compare the functionality of several activation-inducible promoters in primary human T cells, as well as in NK cell lines NK-92 and YT. Lentiviral constructs were engineered to express two fluorescent reporters: mCherry under 4xNFAT, 2xNFkB, 5xNFkB, 10xNFkB, 30xNFkB promoters, as well as two variants of the CD69 promoter, and copGFP under the strong constitutive promoter of the human EF1a gene. Pseudotyped lentiviral particles obtained using these constructs were transduced into primary human T cells and NK-92 and YT cell lines expressing a CAR specific for PSMA. The transgenic cells obtained were activated by CD3/CD28 beads (T cells) or via a CAR (CAR-NK cell lines). Promoter activity before and after activation was assayed using FACS analysis.

In T cells, the CD69 promoter encompassing CNS1 and CNS2 regions displayed the highest signal/noise ratio. Intriguingly, in the context of CAR-YT cell line neither of the seven promoters tested displayed acceptable activation profile. In CAR-NK-92 cells, the largest fold activation (which was modest) was achieved with the 10xNFkB and 30xNFkB promoters, however its expression was clearly leaky in 'resting' non-activated cells. Unlike in T cells, the robust activation-driven inducible expression of genetic cassettes in NK cells requires unbiased genome-wide identification of promoter sequences.
Probing an atomic resonance without disturbing it is an ubiquitous issue in physics. This problem is critical in high-accuracy spectroscopy or for the next generation of atomic optical clocks. Ultra-high resolution frequency metrology requires sophisticated interrogation schemes and robust protocols handling pulse length errors and residual frequency detuning offsets. This review reports recent progress and perspective in such schemes, using sequences of composite laser-pulses tailored in pulse duration, frequency and phase, inspired by NMR techniques and quantum information processing. After a short presentation of Rabi technique and NMR-like composite pulses allowing efficient compensation of electromagnetic field perturbations to achieve robust population transfers, composite laser-pulses are investigated within Ramsey's method of separated oscillating fields in order to generate non-linear compensation of probe-induced frequency shifts. Laser-pulses protocols such as hyper-Ramsey, modified hyper-Ramsey, generalized hyper-Ramsey and hybrid schemes as auto-balanced Ramsey spectroscopy are reviewed. These techniques provide excellent protection against both probe induced light-shift perturbations and laser intensity variations. More sophisticated schemes generating synthetic frequency-shifts are presented. They allow to reduce or completely eliminate imperfect correction of probe-induced frequency-shifts even in presence of decoherence due to the laser line-width. Finally, two universal protocols are presented which provide complete elimination of probe-induced frequency shifts in the general case where both decoherence and relaxation dissipation effects are present by using exact analytic expressions for phase-shifts and the clock frequency detuning. These techniques might be applied to atomic, molecular and nuclear frequency metrology, Ramsey-type mass spectrometry as well as precision spectroscopy.
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on the ability of the boron-10 (10B) isotope to capture epithermal neutrons, as a result of which the isotope becomes unstable and decays into kinetically active elements that destroy cells where the nuclear reaction has occurred. The boron-carrying compounds—L-para-boronophenylalanine (BPA) and sodium mercaptoundecahydro-closo-dodecaborate (BSH)—have low toxicity and, today, are the only representatives of such compounds approved for clinical trials. For the effectiveness and safety of BNCT, a low boron content in normal tissues and substantially higher content in tumor tissue are required. This study evaluated the boron concentration in intracranial grafts of human glioma U87MG cells and normal tissues of the brain and other organs of mice at 1, 2.5 and 5 h after administration of the boron-carrying compounds. A detailed statistical analysis of the boron biodistribution dynamics was performed to find a ‘window of opportunity’ for BNCT. The data demonstrate variations in boron accumulation in different tissues depending on the compound used, as well as significant inter-animal variation. The protocol of administration of BPA and BSH compounds used did not allow achieving the parameters necessary for the successful course of BNCT in a glioma orthotopic xenograft mouse model.
Decomposition of seismic data into wave‐packet representations has been successfully used for 2D data compression, interpolation and de‐noising. In this paper we present a fast implementation of a 3D wave‐packet decomposition using graphical processing units (GPUs). This allows for the similar processing of 3D seismic gathers. We discuss parallel implementation of the wave‐packet transform on GPUs as opposed to existing algorithms (sequential and MPI‐parallel). A few computational steps had to be modified adapting them for a GPU platform. The code has been tested on a 3D data set of size 2563, where we obtain speedup of about 40 times compared to the sequential code performance.
Activation of a hydroxyl group towards nucleophilic substitution via reaction with methanesulfonyl chloride or PPh3-CBr4 system is a commonly used pathway to various functional derivatives.

The reactions of (5R(S),6R(S))-1-X-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2-dimethyl- 1-azaspiro[4.4]nonanes 1a-d (X = O·; H; OBn, OBz) with MsCl/NR3 or PPh3-CBr4 were studied.

Depending on substituent X, the reaction afforded hexahydro-1H,6H-cyclopenta[c]pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoxazole (2) (for X = O), a mixture of 2 and octahydrocyclopenta[c]azepines (4-6) (for X = OBn, OBz), or perhydro-cyclopenta[2,3]azeto[1,2-a]pyrrol (3) (for X = H) derivatives. Alkylation of the latter with MeI with subsequent Hofmann elimination afforded 2,3,3-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,7,8,8a-octahydrocyclopenta[c]azepine with 56% yield.
This paper presents preliminary results of the effectiveness analysis of an air quality forecasting system for the city of Novosibirsk with replenishment of the missing information on emission sources by solving an inverse problem with urban monitoring network data.

In solving the inverse problem, a priori information about the location and mode of the sources is used. To simulate concentration distributions, the WRF-Chem model is used, and a simplified model of chemical transport is applied to solving the inverse problem. These models are offline coupled in a hybrid forecast system in order to improve the initial information about the spatial distribution of emission intensity and air quality forecast, respectively.

The results of numerical experiments and their analysis are presented. The influence of an urban parameterization on the results of the forecast is shown.
Bombus pomorum (Panzer, 1805) is known from Europe, Anatolia, the Caucasus, and to the Urals in Russia. Two specimens have been collected in the south of western Siberia for the first time. It is possible that the species is indigenous to Siberia but was not discovered until regular observations were made. There is also a possibility that this observation results from an expansion of the range of B. pomorum. We consider the evidence that our study coincided with a range expansion of the bumblebee species B. pomorum and B. sylvarum (Linnaeus,1761) near the end of 20th century. The distribution and abundance of B. pomorum in Russia and conservation efforts are also discussed.
For a signed cyclic graph G, we can construct a unique virtual link L by taking the medial construction and convert 4-valent vertices of the medial graph to crossings according to the signs. If a virtual link can occur in this way then we say that the virtual link is graphical.

On the other hand, we introduce a polynomial F[G] for signed cyclic graphs, which is defined via a deletion-marking recursion. We shall establish the relationship between F[G] of a signed cyclic graph G and the bracket polynomial of one of the virtual link diagrams associated with G.

In the article we shall prove that a virtual link L is graphical if and only if it is checkerboard colorable. Finally we give a spanning subgraph expansion for F[G].
This epithermal gold deposit contains unique Au compounds including maletoyvayamite, which has not been reported anywhere else. Two paragenetic mineral associations (pyrite-quartz and maletoyvayamite-quartz) with quartz of different generations corresponding to different pulses were also described.

Microthermometry study of fluid inclusions in quartz veins of the Maletoyvayam deposit (Koryak Highland, Russia) was carried out. A study on fluid inclusions in quartz showed a salinity (mainly NaCl + KCl) range from 0.2 to 4.3 wt.% NaCl eq., increasing from the first mineral association to the second due to boiling fluids. The obtained temperature variations for quartz crystallization were 295–135 °C, the fluid pressure ranged from 79 to 4 bar.

The range of conditions obtained for the gold productive ore association is more narrow: salinity of the fluid inclusions is 4.3 wt.% NaCl eq., the temperatures vary from 255 °C to 245 °C, and the pressure from 39 to 32 bar. These physicochemical characteristics of the Maletoyvayam ore deposit greatly coincide with other HS-type epithermal deposits; however, within the Central Kamchatka Volcanic Belt it is so far the only deposit of this type reported.
The decay is forbidden in the standard model but allowed in models with a Majorana neutrino.

A search is performed for the lepton number violating decay ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{h}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}$, where ${h}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ represents a ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ or a ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, using an integrated luminosity of $36\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{pb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of data collected with the LHCb detector.

No signal is observed in either channel and limits of $\mathcal{B}({B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+})<5.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$ and $\mathcal{B}({B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+})<5.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$ are set at the 95% confidence level. These improve the previous best limits by factors of 40 and 30, respectively.
Results of experimental study of the pulsation characteristics of a flow in isothermal model of vortex furnace with vertically oriented nozzles of secondary blast are obtained.

With use of laser Doppler measuring system and pressure pulsations analyzer the data about the pressure and velocity pulsations has been received. Spectra of pressure and velocity pulsations at various regime parameters are presented.

Absence of non-stationary structures, such as precessing vortex core of a flow, is shown.
The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $3.0\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ collected in $pp$ collisions by LHCb at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV.

The branching fractions are measured to be $\mathcal{B}({B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{D}}^{0}{\overline{K}}^{0})=[4.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3(\mathrm{frag})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6(\mathrm{norm})]\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathcal{B}({B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{D}}^{*0}{\overline{K}}^{0})=[2.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.0(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2(\mathrm{frag})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4(\mathrm{norm})]\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4},$

The first observation of the ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{D}}^{0}{K}_{S}^{0}$ decay mode and evidence for the ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{D}}^{*0}{K}_{S}^{0}$ decay mode are reported.
Electromagnetic sounding of the Arctic region is hampered by the influence of the conductive layer of seawater. As part of the RSF project, it is proposed to use a circular electrical dipole (CED) to excite the field. Installation should be placed on drifting ice. This technique requires three-dimensional modeling for which there are complex algorithms. The paper proposes an approach using the Born approximation to simplify the implementation of three-dimensional modeling of the electromagnetic sounding signal using CED.
The potential of K[P3C2R2] (R = (t)Bu, Mes) as building blocks in metallo-supramolecular chemistry was investigated and self-assembly processes with Cu(i) halides resulted in the formation of a large variety of unprecedented one-, two- and even three-dimensional aggregates.

Furthermore, the negative charge of the phospholyl ligand favoured the generation of cationic CuaXb (a > b, X = Cl, Br, I) assemblies, a challenging area within the well-studied coordination chemistry of CuX units.

The 3D networks showed an interesting topological similarity to allotropes of carbon: diamond and the theoretically proposed polybenzene. In addition, the 1D strands were also characterized in solution, revealing the presence of oligomeric units.
The experimental research of heptadecane’s crystallization front propagation is carried up on horizontal directed crystallization model. The temperature distributions on free surface are measured during crystallization front propagation process using thermal imager and thermocouples. The time dependence of crystallization front form was investigated using digital video recording.
After a brief review of different types of scenarios suggested for the solution of the problem of galactic and intergalactic magnetic field generation, the mechanism based on the electric current induction by hypothetical millicharged particles interacting with electrons in cosmic medium is discussed. The proposed model successfully describes observational data. The new light millicharged particles can contribute from a small fraction up to 100% to the cosmological dark matter.
Aim. To search for causal mutations in candidate genes responsible for the development of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in men who died under the age of 45. Material and methods. The SCD group (n=37) was formed using the criteria the World Health Organization and the European Society of Cardiology. Autopsy material was collected from men who died suddenly outside medical institutions and underwent forensic medical examination according to the standard protocol. Autopsy revealed no morphological changes that could explain sudden death. The mean age was 32,4±6,4 years. Genomic DNA was isolated from myocardial tissue using phenol-chloroform extraction. Clinical exome sequencing was performed. At first, we analyzed the results of sequencing of 24 genes, mutations in which lead to cardiovascular diseases associated with an increased risk of SCD: KCNQ1, KCNH2, SCN5A, AKAP9, ANK2, CACNA1C, CALM1, CALM2, CAV3, KCNE1, KNCJNE2, KCNE2, SCN4B, SNTA1, MYH2, APOB, KCNA5, TGFB3, NEB , PDX1, FLNC, PLEC, KCND3. Results. Of 37 samples, we revealed 13 probable pathogenic missense mutations in 9 samples (24,3%). Of 13 probable pathogenic variants, 5 were new. Conclusion. This pilot study provides following conclusions: it is necessary to continue molecular autopsy research in Russia; to increase the effectiveness of detecting causal mutations, it is necessary to reduce the age of patients with SCD included in the study; studying the families of deceased; cooperation of experienced specialists — forensic pathologist, laboratory geneticist, cardiologist.
In this paper, the effect of ion–neutral collision type on the ion cloud formation around a dust particle immersed in plasma in the presence of an external electric field is considered.

It is shown that elastic ion–neutral collisions in low-temperature low-density plasma lead to the persistence of directed velocity compared to the resonant charge exchange collisions, where ions lose almost their energy.

Thus the ion drift velocity is larger for the case of elastic collisions than for resonant charge exchange collisions. With the increase of an external electric field strength, the charge of dust particle increases faster for the elastic case than for resonant case. The dipole moment of the ion cloud–dust particle system is also appeared to have higher values for the case of elastic collisions.
The charmless three-body decay modes ${B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, ${B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, ${B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ are reconstructed using data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $3.0\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, collected by the LHCb detector. The inclusive $CP$ asymmetries of these modes are measured to be ${A}_{CP}({B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}})=+0.025\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.007,\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}{A}_{CP}({B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}})=\ensuremath{-}0.036\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.002\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.007,\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}{A}_{CP}({B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}})=+0.058\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.009\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.007,\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}{A}_{CP}({B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}})=\ensuremath{-}0.123\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.017\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.012\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.007,$where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third is due to the $CP$ asymmetry of the ${B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ reference mode. The distributions of these asymmetries are also studied as functions of position in the Dalitz plot and suggest contributions from rescattering and resonance interference processes.