Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Production of massive stable relics in R2-modified gravity is considered.

It is shown that the cosmological evolution and kinetics of massive species differs significantly from those in the conventional cosmology.

The results are applied to the lightest supersymmetric particles and it is argued that they are viable candidates for the constituents of dark matter, if their mass is about 1000 TeV.
The growing interest in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing regional lung function relies on the use of nuclear spin hyperpolarized gas as a contrast agent. The long gas-phase lifetimes of hyperpolarized
We have experimentally studied the structure of supersonic underexpanded room-temperature air jets escaping from the micronozzle with characteristic heights of 22.3 μm and widths within 2593 μm in a range of Reynolds numbers of 1280-9460. The pressure distribution in the cross-section and in the longitudinal direction were measured.
An associative experiment, widely used in recent years in psycholinguistic studies, allows for an in-depth study of the semantics of a word by considering logical relationships in associative fields. In addition, the results of such an experiment provide 'access' to the speakers' language consciousness and enable the researcher to describe its structure. At the same time, the 'construction' of associative-verbal models makes it possible to understand and study the systematic character of the individual speaker's world view and language consciousness of the speakers of a certain language and culture. All this determines the relevance of the associative-verbal models and specific lexemes analysis. The study of the speaking personality – Homo Loquens – is connected with the analysis of an individual world view explicated in language consciousness and actually existing in the form of verbal images – word associations.

This article discusses the results of a free associative experiment with participation of the native German speakers (as a result of this experiment, 137 different associative reactions were received with the total number of associative reactions 305; the analysis focused on both types of responses – primary and secondary word associations). The subject matter of the study is the verb haben, forming the centre in the sphere 'possession' and its synonyms (gehören, verfügen, besitzen, gebieten). The synonyms were identified through a lexicographical analysis with the help of five dictionaries of synonyms and the Contemporary German language corpora dwds.de. The analysis is based on a systematic approach that allows us to reveal the structure of senses and meanings in the mental lexicon and the interconnectedness of associative fields of synonymous stimulus words.

The lexicographical, corpus and associative types of analysis reveal the following: 1) a negligible number of respondents' refusals to respond; 2) associating with a 'paradigmatic' type in regard to the semantic structure of the stimulus word and associative response; 3) a high degree of uniqueness of 'syntagmatic' associations; 4) 'possession' is associated with such reactions as Geld, Gut, Güter, Macht, Testament, Freunde, nichts.
MOTIVATION: The commonly accepted statistical mechanical theory is now multiply confirmed by using the weight matrix methods successfully recognizing DNA sites binding regulatory proteins in prokaryotes. Nevertheless, the recent evaluation of weight matrix methods application for transcription factor binding site recognition in eukaryotes has unexpectedly revealed that the matrix scores correlate better to each other than to the activity of DNA sites interacting with proteins. This observation points out that molecular mechanisms of DNA/protein recognition are more complicated in eukaryotes than in prokaryotes. As the extra events in eukaryotes, the following processes may be considered: (i) competition between the proteins and nucleosome core particle for DNA sites binding these proteins and (ii) interaction between two synergetic/antagonist proteins recognizing a composed element compiled from two DNA sites binding these proteins.

An approach for predicting site activity based on its primary nucleotide sequence has been developed. The approach is realized in the computer system ACTIVITY, containing the databases on site activity and on conformational and physicochemical DNA/RNA parameters. By using the system ACTIVITY, an analysis of some sites was provided and the methods for predicting site activity were constructed.

The methods developed are in good agreement with the experimental data. AVAILABILITY: The database ACTIVITY is available at http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/systems/Activity/ and the mirror site, http://www.cbil.upenn.edu/mgs/systems/acti vity/.
The present study is devoted to PIV investigation of vortex breakdown (VB) in swirling jets and lean premixed flames. A set of PIV experiments was carried out for submerged water and air jet flows, and also for propane/air and methane/air flames. Time-averaged and spectral characteristics of the velocity fluctuations were estimated, and properties of coherent structures (CS) were analyzed on the basis of decomposition routines. VB for the low- and high-swirl non-reacting flows is specified as spiral-type and bubble-type, respectively. In the former case, no stable RZ was present, and the vortices in the outer shear layer and near the jet axis were presumably associated with local helical instabilities. In the latter case a stable bubble-type RZ was formed, and the flow dynamics was governed by strong precession of the vortex core. The measurements for propane/air lean flame demonstrated that combustion can divert flow dynamics from these limit-cycle oscillations.
Participant-level meta-analyses assessed the age-specific relevance of office blood pressure to cardiovascular complications, but this information is lacking for out-of-office blood pressure.

At baseline, daytime ambulatory (n=12 624) or home (n=5297) blood pressure were measured in 17 921 participants (51.3% women; mean age, 54.2 years) from 17 population cohorts. Subsequently, mortality and cardiovascular events were recorded. Using multivariable Cox regression, floating absolute risk was computed across 4 age bands (≤60, 61–70, 71–80, and >80 years).

Over 236 491 person-years, 3855 people died and 2942 cardiovascular events occurred. From levels as low as 110/65 mm Hg, risk log-linearly increased with higher out-of-office systolic/diastolic blood pressure. From the youngest to the oldest age group, rates expressed per 1000 person-years increased ( P <0.001) from 4.4 (95% CI, 4.0–4.7) to 86.3 (76.1–96.5) for all-cause mortality and from 4.1 (3.9–4.6) to 59.8 (51.0–68.7) for cardiovascular events, whereas hazard ratios per 20-mm Hg increment in systolic out-of-office blood pressure decreased ( P ≤0.0033) from 1.42 (1.19–1.69) to 1.09 (1.05–1.12) and from 1.70 (1.51–1.92) to 1.12 (1.07–1.17), respectively. These age-related trends were similar for out-of-office diastolic pressure and were generally consistent in both sexes and across ethnicities. In conclusion, adverse outcomes were directly associated with out-of-office blood pressure in adults. At young age, the absolute risk associated with out-of-office blood pressure was low, but relative risk high, whereas with advancing age relative risk decreased and absolute risk increased. These observations highlight the need of a lifecourse approach for the management of hypertension.
This paper presents an overview of the studies on the interaction of a high-power relativistic electron beam (REB) with dense plasma confined in a long open magnetic trap.

The experimental studies were carried over the course of four decades on various devices: INAR, GOL, INAR-2, GOL-M, and GOL-3 (Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics) for a wide range of beam and plasma parameters.

The main goal of this research is to achieve plasma parameters close to those required for thermonuclear fusion burning.
Hybrid zones between chromosome races of the common shrew (Sorex araneus) provide exceptional models to study the potential role of chromosome rearrangements in the initial steps of speciation. The Novosibirsk and Tomsk races differ by a series of Robertsonian fusions with monobrachial homology.

Using immunolocalisation of the meiotic proteins, we examined chromosome pairing and recombination in males from the hybrid zone.

Homozygotes and simple heterozygotes for Robertsonian fusions showed a low frequency of synaptic aberrations (<10%). The carriers of complex synaptic configurations showed multiple pairing abnormalities, which might lead to reduced fertility. The recombination frequency in the proximal regions of most chromosomes of all karyotypes was much lower than in the other regions. The strong suppression of recombination in the pericentromeric regions and co-segregation of race specific chromosomes involved in the long chains would be expected to lead to linkage disequilibrium between genes located there. Genic differentiation, together with the high frequency of pairing aberrations in male carriers of the long chains, might contribute to maintenance of the narrow hybrid zone.
Calculation results for the forms in which chemical elements migrate in the thermal waters of the Bang deposit (Central Vietnam) are reported for the first time.

The studied waters are divided into two groups with respect to temperature: 24.3–34.5 оС for the first group and 62.1–97.1 оC for the second group. The first type relates to the waters of HCO3-Cl-Na-Mg composition, has very low mineralization (44–87 mg/dm3) and is characterized by рН from weakly acidic to weakly alkaline (5.71-7.84). The second type relates to the waters of HCO3-Na composition with total mineralization up to 256-659 mg/dm3 and рН from 8.03 to 8.51. Calculations of the forms of migration of chemical elements showed substantial differences in their behavior for two revealed groups.

For example, in waters with the temperature of 24.3–34.5 оC, the dominating form is migration of free ions. For thermal waters with the temperature of 62.1–97.1 оC, migration of the elements in compounds with carbonates and sulfur is characteristic, as well as in the form of free ions.
We perform the first measurement on the ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{-}{\overline{D}}^{0}$ mixing parameters using a time-dependent amplitude analysis of the decay ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$.

The data were recorded with the BABAR detector at center-of-mass energies at and near the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of approximately $468.1\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The neutral $D$ meson candidates are selected from ${D}^{*}(2010{)}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}_{s}^{+}$ decays where the flavor at the production is identified by the charge of the low-momentum pion, ${\ensuremath{\pi}}_{s}^{+}$.

The measured mixing parameters are $x=(1.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6)%$ and $y=(0.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5)%$, where the quoted uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.
Camptothecin derivatives are among the most common drugs used in the treatment of cancer. The mechanism of action of these drugs is associated with inhibiting topoisomerase 1 (Top1), an enzyme that plays an important role in cell division processes. However, there is a number of problems related to this type of therapy, particularly an ability of DNA repair system to remove damage caused by antitumor drugs. Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) is considered to play a key role in the repair of DNA lesions, thus preventing cancer cell death. Therefore, developing Tdp1 inhibitors is of great interest in modern medicinal chemistry. Pharmacophore groups have found wide application in medicinal chemistry. On the other hand, modification of natural metabolites is one of the most fruitful methods for the development of potential drugs.

In an attempt to combine these approaches, we have synthesized adamantanecarbonylthiosemicarbazide that has been transformed into the corresponding 1,3,4-thiadiazole and 1,2,4-triazole derivatives under alkaline and acidic conditions respectively, followed by the modification of heterocyclic compounds with monoterpenoid residues.

All the compounds were found to exhibit inhibitory activity against Tdp1 at micromolar concentrations. Among thiadiazoles, the amides of 3,7-dimethyloctanoic or (-)-myrtenic acids demonstrated the most pronounced activity, IC50 being 0.35±0.05 and 0.45±0.09 μM, respectively. As for triazoles, the best IC50 values were found for compounds containing (-)-nopol (0.57±0.14 μM) and 3,7-dimethyloctanol (0.54±0.09 μM) moieties. It is worth noting that 1,3,4-thiadiazoles tended to demonstrate higher activity compared to 1,2,4-triazoles.
The ability of a hexanuclear molybdenum cluster, [Mo6I8(CH3COO)6]2-, to carry out, upon irradiation, singlet oxygen mediated photocatalytic oxygenation reactions has been tested.

This complex has been also supported on a solid polymeric matrix, yielding an immobilized photosensitizer with remarkable photostability and recyclability.

Preliminary studies of antibacterial photoinactivation of Staphylococcus aureus have been conducted, with positive results.
We construct a nonequilibrium theory for the charge transfer through a diffusive array of alternating normal (N) and superconducting (S) islands comprising an SNSNS junction, with the size of the central S-island being smaller than the energy relaxation length. We demonstrate that in the nonequilibrium regime the central island acts as Andreev retransmitter with the Andreev conversions at both NS interfaces of the central island correlated via over-the-gap transmission and Andreev reflection. This results in a synchronized transmission at certain resonant voltages which can be experimentally observed as a sequence of spikes in the differential conductivity.
Nickel-containing mixed ceria-zirconia oxides also doped by Nb and Ti have been prepared by a citrate route and by original solvothermal continuous flow synthesis in supercritical alcohols. Nickel was subsequently deposited by conventional insipient wetness impregnation.

The oxides are comprised of ceria-zirconia solid solution with cubic fluorite phase. Negligible amounts of impurities of zirconia are observed for samples prepared by citrate route and doped by Ti. Supports prepared by supercritical synthesis are single-phased. XRD data, Raman, and UV-Vis DR (diffuse reflectance) spectroscopy suggest increasing lattice parameter and amount of oxygen vacancies in fluorite structure after Nb and Ti incorporation despite of the preparation method.

These structural changes correlate with the catalytic activity in a methane dry reforming reaction. Catalysts synthesized under supercritical conditions are more active than the catalysts of the same composition prepared by the citrate route. The catalytic activity of samples doped with Ti and Nb is two times higher in terms of TOF (turnover frequency) and increased stability of these catalysts is attributed with the highest oxygen mobility being crucial for gasification of coke precursors.
We present a detailed quantum electrodynamical description of Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation emitted by a relativistic twisted electron in the transparent medium. Simple expressions for the spectral and spectral-angular distributions as well as for the polarization properties of the emitted radiation are obtained. Unlike the plane-wave case, the twisted electron produces radiation within the annular angular region, with enhancement towards its boundaries. Additionally, the emitted photons can have linear polarization not only in the scattering plane but also in the orthogonal direction. We find that the Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation emitted by an electron in a superposition of two vortex states exhibits a strong azimuthal asymmetry. Thus, the Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation offers itself as a convenient diagnostic tool of such electrons and complements the traditional microscopic imaging.
This was a long-standing question since 90s whether one-point intersection property for a self-similar set implies open set condition (OSC). We answer this question negatively. We give an example of a totally disconnected self-similar set which does not have OSC and has minimal overlap of its pieces, that is, all intersections of its pieces are empty except only one, which is a single point.
The results of three series of rocket measurements of mesospheric electric fields carried out under different geomagnetic conditions at polar and high middle latitudes are analysed. The measurements show a clear dependence of the vertical electric fields on geomagnetic activity at polar and high middle latitudes. The vertical electric fields in the lower mesosphere increase with the increase of geomagnetic indexes Kp and ∑Kp. The simultaneous increase of the vertical electric field strength and ion conductivity was observed in the mesosphere during geomagnetic disturbances. This striking phenomenon was displayed most clearly during the solar proton events of October, 1989 accompanied by very strong geomagnetic storm (Kp=8+). A possible mechanism of generation of the vertical electric fields in the mesosphere caused by gravitational sedimentation of charged aerosol particles is discussed. Simultaneous existence in the mesosphere of both the negative and positive multiply charged aerosol particles of different sizes is assumed for explanation of the observed V/m vertical electric fields and their behaviour under geomagnetically disturbed conditions.Keywords. Atmospheric composition and structure (aerosols and particles) · Ionosphere (electric fields and currents) · Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (atmospheric electricity)
Aim . To analyze the demographic, socio-economic and behavioral factors associated with awareness and passage of medical screening among the hypertension adults from Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk.

Material and methods . The database was formed as part of the Know Your Heart study (2015-2018, Arkhangelsk, Novosibirsk, n=4504). For the present study, 2216 people with hypertension were selected. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with awareness of ongoing medical screening and active participation in them.

Results . The analysis determined that 82,5% of the hypertensive residents of Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk aged 35-69 years old are aware of the medical screening, and 51,4% have passed (are going to pass) it. General factors associated both with greater awareness of ongoing preventive measures and with greater participation in them are female sex and contacts with doctors during the year. From the point of view of awareness, such a factor as the average income level turned out to be significant, while the absence of a permanent employment and the pension status were associated with the passage of medical screening. Conclusion . The awareness of the hypertensive residents of Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk about the medical screening was 82,5%. The coverage level is still low. The identified factors associated with greater awareness of the medical screening and more active participation showed that medical specialists should be more attentive to the men working in urban areas with a low income level. More active work is also needed to involve in preventive contacts those persons who are not in constant contact with the healthcare system. This requires the consolidated work of various institutions and departments, including the media.
High energy, ultra-short multimode soliton pulse fission is observed and numerically studied in multimode GRIN fibers, showing complex dynamics bringing to multiple fundamental solitons that do not entirely follow standard single mode soliton perturbation theory predictions.
The SND is a non-magnetic detector deployed at the VEPP-2000 e^+e^− collider (BINP, Novosibirsk) for hadronic cross-section measurements in the center of mass energy region below 2 GeV. The important part of the detector is a three-layer hodoscopic electromagnetic calorimeter (EMC) based on NaI(Tl) counters. Until the recent EMC spectrometric channel upgrade, only the energy deposition measurement in counters was possible. A new EMC signal shaping and digitizing electronics based on FADC allows us to obtain also the event time structure. The new electronics and supporting software, including digital signal processing algorithms, are used for data taking in the ongoing experiment. We discuss the amplitude and time extraction algorithms, the new system performance on experimental events and physical analysis applications.
We present the numerical demonstration of an harmonically mode-locked multi-similariton laser supporting a low jitter, stable train of self similar high repetition rate pulses exploiting, as mode-locking mechanism, the principle of dissipative Faraday instability (DFI) induced by zigzag modulation of spectral losses [1, 2]. At variance with the theoretical and experimental studies on the DFI [1, 2], where the amplification was distributed along the fiber, we propose here a lumped amplification scheme suitable for a more flexible design of mode-locked lasers pumped by rare-earth gain medium (Erbium, Ytterbium). We have considered an unidirectional all normal dispersion ring resonator with two lumped amplifying sections separated by two passive nonlinear dispersive fibers. Just before each amplifying section is located a spectral filter. The two filters differ by having the transmittance profile respectively blue- and red-detuned relatively to the amplifiers central frequency. The detuned spectral filters provide the necessary periodic zigzag modulation of the spectral losses needed to trigger the DFI. The CW operation of the laser is unstable and the growth of spectral sidebands results in a temporal modulation of the field temporal profile leading to the formation of a pulse train with repetition rate corresponding to the instability frequency around 0.1 THz and pulse duration of about 3 ps. Propagation in the fibers has been modeled using the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the lumped amplification by a saturable gain term with spectral bandwidth typical of rare-earth amplifiers.
A functional analysis of 167 genes overexpressed in Krebs-2 tumor initiating cells was performed. In the first part of the study, the genes were analyzed for their belonging to one or more of the three groups, which represent the three major phenotypic manifestation of malignancy of cancer cells, namely (1) proliferative self-sufficiency, (2) invasive growth and metastasis, and (3) multiple drug resistance. 96 genes out of 167 were identified as possible contributors to at least one of these fundamental properties.

It was also found that substantial part of these genes are also known as genes responsible for formation and/or maintenance of the stemness of normal pluri-/multipotent stem cells. In the second part of the study, three stress factors combined into the single concept of "generalized cellular stress," which are assumed to activate the expression of these genes, were defined. In addition, possible mechanisms for such activation were identified.

These results suggest that the malignancy is simply the ability to maintain the stem cell specific genes expression profile, and, as a consequence, the stemness itself regardless of the controlling effect of stem niches. The data obtained suggest the existence of a mechanism for the de novo formation of a pluripotent/stem phenotype in the subpopulation of "committed" tumor cells.
A promising way to remove heat fluxes from the surfaces of electronic devices with high heat generation is the use of evaporating thin liquid film, moving under the action of gas flow in a channel. On the basis of the studies conducted previously, we have developed a pilot model of the experimental-industrial prototype for removing heat fluxes with densities of up to 1000 W/cm2 from the surface of the heat-stressed element with dimensions 10x10 mm2. Testing of the model has proved its efficiency in continuous operation.