Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Forensic authorship analysis is a frequently used technique to identify the real author of an arguable document. Often enough, under study are interrogation minutes. This kind of text is difficult for examination because of its stylistic and genre characteristics: formal phrases and structure as well as different author and compiler of the document. The above features restrict the use of some levels of language analysis. This issue, however, is poorly covered in specialist literature, with only a few articles related to it. The current paper describes the main discursive features of interrogation minutes used in authorship expertise. First we look at conventional techniques of authorship expertise and discuss their limitations. Special attention is given to the analysis of the interrogation minutes genre characteristics and their influence on the whole set of identifiers. The analysis of several conventional interrogation minutes techniques singled out two central tendencies in the authorship attribution: an identification features selection with new identifiers being added. The aim of the article is to propose a solution to the problem. Our technique is based on the methods of The Federal Ministry of the Interior, but it also takes into account genre charecteristics of the interrogation minutes. A new classification of identifiers has been developed. Additional features are offered to improve the attribution accuracy. These are clarifications, which are classified according to the semantic type of the object. In the article clarifications are divided into six types and a few subtypes and are also divided into low and high informative ones. The analysis of clarification is illustrated with the example of three different interrogation minutes. The concluding part of the article is concerned with the techniques of the interrogation minutes used in authorship expertise description, materials requirements and the steps of the analysis.
We consider some problems of partitioning a finite set of N points in d-dimension Euclidean space into two clusters balancing the value of (1) the quadratic variance normalized by a cluster size, (2) the quadratic variance, and (3) the size-weighted quadratic variance. We have proved the NP-completeness of all these problems.
Transposable elements (TEs) are a rapidly evolving fraction of the eukaryotic genomes and the main contributors to genome plasticity and divergence. Recently, occupation of the A- and D-genomes of allopolyploid wheat by specific TE families was demonstrated. Here, we investigated the impact of the well-represented family of gypsy LTR-retrotransposons, Fatima, on B-genome divergence of allopolyploid wheat using the fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) method and phylogenetic analysis. FISH analysis of a BAC clone (BAC_2383A24) initially screened with Spelt1 repeats demonstrated its predominant localisation to chromosomes of the B-genome and its putative diploid progenitor Aegilops speltoides in hexaploid (genomic formula, BBAADD) and tetraploid (genomic formula, BBAA) wheats as well as their diploid progenitors. Analysis of the complete BAC_2383A24 nucleotide sequence (113 605 bp) demonstrated that it contains 55.6% TEs, 0.9% subtelomeric tandem repeats (Spelt1), and five genes. LTR retrotransposons are predominant, representing 50.7% of the total nucleotide sequence. Three elements of the gypsy LTR retrotransposon family Fatima make up 47.2% of all the LTR retrotransposons in this BAC. In situ hybridisation of the Fatima_2383A24-3 subclone suggests that individual representatives of the Fatima family contribute to the majority of the B-genome specific FISH pattern for BAC_2383A24. Phylogenetic analysis of various Fatima elements available from databases in combination with the data on their insertion dates demonstrated that the Fatima elements fall into several groups. One of these groups, containing Fatima_2383A24-3, is more specific to the B-genome and proliferated around 0.5-2.5 MYA, prior to allopolyploid wheat formation. The B-genome specificity of the gypsy-like Fatima, as determined by FISH, is explained to a great degree by the appearance of a genome-specific element within this family for Ae. speltoides. Moreover, its proliferation mainly occurred in this diploid species before it entered into allopolyploidy. Most likely, this scenario of emergence and proliferation of the genome-specific variants of retroelements, mainly in the diploid species, is characteristic of the evolution of all three genomes of hexaploid wheat.
In this work, we propose a theory describing generation of electromagnetic waves in a thin beam-plasma system with a characteristic transverse size comparable with the radiation wavelength. Such a theory can be useful for the description of the processes responsible for EM emission in beam-plasma experiments at the GOL-3 multi mirror trap.
The application of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in cancer therapy could be one of the new anticancer strategies.

In the current work, we used cold atmospheric plasma jet for the treatment of cultured cells and mice. We showed that CAP induced the death of MX−7 mouse rhabdomyosarcoma cells with the hallmarks of immunogenic cell death (ICD): calreticulin and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) externalization and high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) release. The intensity of HMGB1 release after the CAP treatment correlated directly with the basal extracellular HMGB1 level. Releasing from dying cells, HMGB1 can act as a proinflammatory cytokine. Our in vivo study demonstrated that cold atmospheric plasma induces a short-term two-times increase in serum HMGB1 level only in tumor-bearing mice with no effect in healthy mice.

These findings support our hypothesis that CAP-dependent HMGB1 release from dying cancer cells can change the serum HMGB1 level. At the same time, we showed a weak cytokine response to CAP irradiation in healthy mice that can characterize CAP as an immune-safety physical antitumor approach.
An analysis method for unfolding the spatially resolved wave-number spectrum and phase velocity from the 2D CO2 laser phase contrast imaging system on the large helical device is described. This is based on the magnetic shear technique which identifies propagation direction from 2D spatial Fourier analysis of images detected by a 6 × 8 detector array. Because the strongest modes have wave-number at the lower end of the instrumental k range, high resolution spectral techniques are necessary to clearly resolve the propagation direction and hence the spatial distribution of fluctuations along the probing laser beam. Multiple-spatial point cross-correlation averaging is applied before calculating the spatial power spectrum. Different methods are compared, and it is found that the maximum entropy method (MEM) gives best results. The possible generation of artifacts from the over-narrowing of spectra are investigated and found not to be a significant problem. The spatial resolution Δρ (normalized radius) around the peak wave-number, for conventional Fourier analysis, is ∼0.5, making physical interpretation difficult, while for MEM, Δρ ∼ 0.1.
Isotope effects of ECRH plasma in LHD were investigated in detail. A clear difference of transport and turbulence characteristics in H and D plasmas was found in the core region, with normalized radius ρ < 0.8 in high collisionality regime. On the other hand, differences of transport and turbulence were relatively small in low collisionality regime. Power balance analysis and neoclassical calculation showed a reduction of the anomalous contribution to electron and ion transport in D plasma compared with H plasma in the high collisionality regime. In core region, density modulation experiments also showed more reduced particle diffusion in D plasma than in H plasma, in the high collisionality regime. Ion scale turbulence was clearly reduced at ρ < 0.8 in high collisionality regime in D plasma compared with H plasma. The gyrokinetic linear analyses showed that the dominant instability ρ = 0.5 and 0.8 were ion temperature gradient mode (ITG). The linear growth rate of ITG was reduced in D plasma than in H plasma in high collisionality regime. This is due to the lower normalized ITG and density gradient. More hollowed density profile in D plasma is likely to be the key control parameter. Present analyses suggest that anomalous process play a role to make hollower density profiles in D plasma rather than neoclassical process. Electron scale turbulence were also investigated from the measurements and linear gyrokinetic simulations.
With the use of numerical simulations based on generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation, we study for the first time the coherence of super-continuum (SC), generated in tapered and cobweb fibers in the regime with clearly defined solitions in spectrum.

We suggest a simple model, which explains the influence of pump pulses power and duration on SC coherence.

A possibility of concerned SC generation regime application in optical frequencies metrology is discussed.
Aim . To evaluate the basic clinical and laboratory parameters and their relationship with the 14-year risk of cardiovascular death in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Material and methods . A prospective case-control study of a sample of Novosibirsk residents with T2D was performed. An initial examination was conducted as part of the HAPIEE project in 2003-2005. The follow-up period lasted until 2017 and amounted to 13,7±0,7 years. The case group consisted of 145 people (mean age — 62,0±5,7 years) with recorded cardiovascular death. Control group — 272 people (mean age — 57,9±6,6 years) without recorded death as of December 31, 2017. Persons with a history of non-fatal myocardial infarction and/or stroke at the initial examination were excluded. Blood pressure (BP), biochemical, anthropometric and socio-demographic data were determined. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association of clinical and laboratory parameters with the risk of cardiovascular death. Results . T2D subjects with recorded cardiovascular death at the initial examination had a longer duration of the disease, higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and anthropometric parameters (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) (in women)), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). In individuals of both sexes, the risk of cardiovascular death increased 2,2 times with WC >95 cm, 2,3 times with an increased WC/HC ratio, 2,2 times with a BMI ≥30 kg/m 2 , 1,9 times with physical activity <3 hours/week, 2 times for smokers and those with a single marital status, 3,5 times for hypertensive people, 2 times with FPG ≥7,5 mmol/L and longer duration of diabetes. Conclusion . Fourteen-year follow-up revealed that individuals with T2D have associations of cardiovascular death with both conventional risk factors such as hypertension, abdominal obesity, low level of physical activity, smoking, single marital status, and diabetes-related ones — FPG and the duration of diabetes.
Manual processing of large volumes of continuous observations produced by local seismic networks takes a lot of time, therefore, to solve this problem, automatic algorithms for detecting seismic events are used. Deterministic methods for solving the problem of detection, which do an excellent job of detecting intensive earthquakes, face critical problems when detecting weak seismic events (earthquakes). They are based on principles based on the calculation of energy, which causes multiple errors in detection: weak seismic events may not be detected, and high-amplitude noise may be mistakenly detected as an event. In our work, we propose a detection method capable of surpassing deterministic methods in detecting events on seismograms, successfully detecting a similar or more events with fewer false detections.
ISIM(2) symmetry group of Cohen and Glashow's very special relativity is unstable with respect to small deformations of its underlying algebraic structure and according to Segal's principle cannot be a true symmetry of nature.

However, like special relativity, which is a very good description of nature thanks to the smallness of the cosmological constant, which characterizes the deformation of the Poincare group,

the very special relativity can also be a very good approximation thanks to the smallness of the dimensionless parameter characterizing the deformation of ISIM(2).
Exclusive processes of heavy meson production and spacelike and timelike deeply virtual Compton scattering allow us to investigate the hadron structure in terms of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs).

We review recent developments in the NLO description of such processes.
The article discusses the methods that ensure the detection of destructive messages in the Internet environment. It is shown that to detect them the approaches based on the analysis of the syntactic patterns; analysis of semantic information included in the text, and correlating it with the text corpus; crowd sourcing methods; identification of the patterns of user behavior in social networks; the consideration of the additional information etc., were applied. Good results can be achieved under certain conditions: an access to traffic social networks and other online news resources, opportunities to organize or to get results from crowd sourcing, etc., when there are the restrictions on these conditions the detection of destructive messages can be performed based on indirect signs. The results of the detection of destructive news in the corpus of news reports in Russian, posted on the websites of the Republic of Kazakhstan are shown.
Baculoviruses are a family of insect-specific pathogenic viruses can persist outside for long periods through the formation of occlusion bodies. In spite of this ability, the UV of sunlight is an essential factor that limits the survival of baculoviruses outside the host.

In the current study, we compared the UV tolerance of two strains of Lymantria dispar multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdMNPV), which were isolated in spatially different regions (LdMNPV-27/0 in Western Siberia (Russia) and LdMNPV-45/0 in North America (USA)) and dramatically differ in their potency. We exposed the studied strains to sunlight in an open area for 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 hours and later perorally inoculated host larvae with the same doses of virus (5x105) and with doses leading to same effect (LD90). We also compared the sequences of the main structural proteins of the studied strains as UV light contributes not only to genome damage in viruses but also to structural protein damage.

We observed that strain LdMNPV-45/0, which previously showed high virulence against L. dispar larvae, was more sensitive to UV irradiation (estimated as the relative rate of inactivation (r, h -1) and as the half-life of the virus (τ1/2, h)) compared to LdMNPV-27/0. Exposure to sunlight induced a significant delay of LdMNPV-45/0-induced pathogenesis already after 0.25 h of sunlight exposure, while for LdMNPV-27/0 this delay was occurred only after 2 h exposure in spite of used concentrations. The most prominent genetic difference between the structural proteins of the strains was related to the loss of the virus enhancin factor-1 (vef-1) gene in the LdMNPV-27/0 strain. Thus initially highly potent viral strain (such as LdMNPV-45/0) is not recommend to use in the regions (or forest stand density) with high UV load. The role of virus enhancin factor-1 in baculovirus tolerance to UV needs for following studies.
ABSTRACT Auxin is a key hormone performing a wealth of functions throughout the plant life cycle. It acts largely by regulating genes at the transcriptional level through a family of transcription factors (TF) called auxin response factors (ARF). Even if all ARF monomers analysed so far bind a similar DNA sequence, there is evidence that ARFs differ in their target genomic regions and regulated genes. Here we use position weight matrices (PWM) to model ARF DNA binding specificity based on published DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq) data. We find that the genome binding of two ARFs (ARF2 and ARF5/Monopteros/MP) differ largely because these two factors have different preferred ARF binding site (ARFbs) arrangements (orientation and spacing). We illustrate why PWMs are more versatile to reliably identify ARFbs than the widely used consensus sequences and demonstrate their power with biochemical experiments on the regulatory regions of the IAA19 model gene. Finally, we combined gene regulation by auxin with ARF-bound regions and identified specific ARFbs configurations that are over-represented in auxin up-regulated genes, thus deciphering the ARFbs syntax functional for regulation. This provides a general method to exploit the potential of genome-wide DNA binding assays and decode gene regulation.
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is one among the key cytokines that mediate the immune system to protect humans against viral infections. Throughout evolution, anthropogenic Variola virus (VARV) has developed effective mechanisms to overcome human defense reactions. The viral genome encodes soluble proteins imitating the structure of cellular cytokine receptors. These proteins compete with cellular receptors for cytokine binding, thus blocking the antiviral immune response. In particular, the G2R gene of VARV encodes the TNF decoy receptor, VARV-CrmB protein. This protein consists of N-ended TNF-biding (TNF-BD) and C-ended chemokine binding (Ch-BD) domains.

Recombinant VARV-CrmB protein has been produced in insect cells using molecular cloning methods and its TNF neutralizing activity has been shown in vitro and in vivo. To decrease the immunogenicity of this protein, a recombinant plasmid coding for shortened TNF-BD protein of VARV in Escherichia coli cells has been constructed. Using the method of immobilized metal affinity chromatography, recombinant TNF-BD protein corresponding to the TNF-biding domain of VARV-CrmB protein was purified from E. coli cells. The therapeutic potential of TNF-BD was studied using an experimental model of LPS-induced septic shock. After septic shock induction, several doses of recombinant TNF-BD were injected and the mortality of experimental animals was observed during 7 days.

All mice not injected with TNF-BD had been dead by day 3 of the experiment, but 30, 40 and 60 % of the experimental animals, who received different TNF-BD doses, survived in a dose-dependent manner. Data obtained demonstrate that recombinant TNF-BD protein is pharmacologically active in the experimental model of LPS-induced septic shock.
The interaction between intersecting vicinal and dislocation-induced atomic steps on crystal surfaces is studied experimentally on Au(111) and GaAs(001) and numerically using Monte-Carlo simulation. The interaction between intersecting steps leads to the “anticrossing” phenomenon which consists in the formation of a three-level relief configuration with the upper and lower terraces separated by a nanometer-sized bridge of intermediate height. The anticrossing effect is driven by the effective repulsion of two new combinatory steps bordering the upper and lower terraces. Two types of asymmetry between the combinatory steps are considered. In particular, the reasons for different curvature radii of the upper and lower combinatory steps are discussed, along with the issue of why dislocation-induced steps remain straight under annealing, while vicinal steps obtain clear visible ledges.
In this letter we present an in-depth circuit analysis of anomalous extraordinary transmission (ET) through subwavelength slit and hole arrrays loaded by a dielectric slab. We show the key role played by the thickness of the dielectric slab in order to enhance the transmission for TE-polarized waves (incident electric field parallel to the slits or to the short in-plane period in hole arrays arranged in rectangular lattice) within the cut-off regime of the apertures and to suppress Wood’s anomaly. Analytical and numerical results together with experimental data are presented, showing good agreement among them. This work provides physical insight of the underlying mechanism governing anomalous ET and offers further independent control over orthogonal polarized waves impinging into subwavelength aperture arrays.
This issue of the Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding is composed of reports of top Russian breeders delivered at the scientific session of the RAS Department of Agricultural Sciences
We analyzed the whole-genome experimental maps of nucleosomes in Drosophila melanogaster and classified genes by the expression level in S2 cells (RPKM value, reads per kilobase million) as well as the number of tissues in which a gene was expressed (breadth of expression, BoE). Chromatin in 5′-regions of genes we classified on four states according to the hidden Markov model (4HMM). Only the Aquamarine chromatin state we considered as Active, while the rest three states we defined as Non-Active. Surprisingly, about 20/40% of genes with 5′-regions mapped to Active/Non-Active chromatin possessed the minimal/at least modest RPKM and BoE. We found that regardless of RPKM/BoE the genes of Active chromatin possessed the regular nucleosome arrangement in 5′-regions, while genes of Non-Active chromatin did not show respective specificity. Only for genes of Active chromatin the RPKM/BoE positively correlates with the number of nucleosome sites upstream/around TSS and negatively with that downstream TSS. We propose that for genes of Active chromatin, regardless of RPKM value and BoE the nucleosome arrangement in 5′-regions potentiates transcription, while for genes of Non-Active chromatin, the transcription machinery does not require the substantial support from nucleosome arrangement to influence gene expression.
The paper presents a construction of a quantitative measure of variability for parameter estimates in the data fitting problem under interval uncertainty. It shows the degree of variability and ambiguity of the estimate, and the need for its introduction is dictated by non-uniqueness of answers to the problems with interval data. A substantiation of the new variability measure is given, its application and motivations are discussed. Several examples and a series of numerical tests are considered, showing the features of the new characteristic and the specifics of its use.
The results of experimental study of interaction in a system of two turbulent circular parallel jets are presented.

The studies were conducted using a two-component laser-Doppler anemometer with an adaptive time selection of the velocity vector. The distance between the jet axes in experiments was varied within s/D = 1.8-3.0 with Reynolds numbers Re = 5500 and 11000.

Distributions of average and pulsating components of the velocity vector at distances from the nozzle H/D = 0-10 were obtained. These distributions were analyzed in the region closest to the nozzles and the region of the greatest jet interaction.