Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
We present a new scheme for the Maxwell's equations computations in threedimensional domains, where size in one direction is much smaller than the other sizes. The scheme is based on the Langdon-Lasinski scheme, which is standard for numerical experiments in plasma physics. Our study is devoted to analysis of correct wave propagation due to the effects of using a finite-difference approximation. To show the main dependencies we present numerical results in one-dimensional case. The results demonstrate, that the new scheme maintains the wave amplitude, the propagation speed and allows using of bigger time step in comparison with the Langdon-Lasinski scheme.
The Super C- τ (SCT) Factory at Novosibirsk is a project of new colliding beam experiment proposed in Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. Electron-positron collider based on Crab-Waist technique for operation energy range 2–5 GeV in center of mass is suggested. The luminosity up to 10 35 cm −1 s −1 (in 100 times higher than in operated today experiments in this energy region) is expected.

To perform broad experimental program of the project successfully the excellent particle identification (PID) system is needed. A number of options are under consideration. Three of them are described in the paper: Focusing Aerogel RICH (FARICH) detector, threshold Cherenkov counters based on ASHIPH (Aerogel SHifter PHotomultiplier) technique with 6000 litres of aerogel of two refractive indexes and time-of-flight counters with TOP (Time of Propagation) approach with time resolution better than 30 ps.

Comparison of PID capabilities with help of parametric simulation is given.
Exclusive measurements of the quasi-free $np \to np\pi^0\pi^0$ reaction have been performed by means of $dp$ collisions at $T_d$ = 2.27 GeV using the WASA detector setup at COSY. Total and differential cross sections have been obtained covering the energy region $\sqrt s$ = (2.35 - 2.46) GeV, which includes the region of the ABC effect and its associated $d^*(2380)$ resonance. Adding the $d^*$ resonance amplitude to that for the conventional processes leads to a reasonable description of the data. The observed resonance effect in the total cross section is in agreement with the predictions of F\"aldt and Wilkin as well Albadajedo and Oset. The ABC effect, {\it i.e.} the low-mass enhancement in the $\pi^0\pi^0$-invariant mass spectrum, is found to be very modest - if present at all, which might pose a problem to some of its interpretations.
We evaluate the impact factor of the transition γ*→ρT taking into account the twist 3 contributions.

We show that a gauge invariant expression is obtained with the help of QCD equations of motion.

Our results are free of end‐point singularities. This opens the way to a consistent treatment of factorization for exclusive processes with a transversally polarized vector meson.
Understanding the distribution of human genetic variation is an important foundation for research into the genetics of common diseases. Some of the alleles that modify common disease risk are themselves likely to be common and, thus, amenable to identification using gene-association methods. A problem with this approach is that the large sample sizes required for sufficient statistical power to detect alleles with moderate effect make gene-association studies susceptible to false-positive findings as the result of population stratification [1, 2]. Such type I errors can be eliminated by using either family-based association tests or methods that sufficiently adjust for population stratification [3–5]. These methods require the availability of genetic markers that can detect and, thus, control for sources of genetic stratification among populations.

In an effort to investigate population stratification and identify appropriate marker panels, we have analysed 11,555 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 203 individuals from 12 diverse human populations. Individuals in each population cluster to the exclusion of individuals from other populations using two clustering methods.

Higher-order branching and clustering of the populations are consistent with the geographic origins of populations and with previously published genetic analyses. These data provide a valuable resource for the definition of marker panels to detect and control for population stratification in population-based gene identification studies. Using three US resident populations (European-American, African-American and Puerto Rican), we demonstrate how such studies can proceed, quantifying proportional ancestry levels and detecting significant admixture structure in each of these populations.
In this work, we investigate variations of surface potentials along a single gallium phosphide (GaP) nanowire (NW) synthesized with a mixed crystal phase along the growth direction. GaP NWs synthesized with both wurtzite (WZ) and zincblende (ZB) phases were studied. The measurements were performed on a standard Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) set-up equipped with Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM) module in PeakForce Tapping Mode. KPFM Measurements from two structures were analyzed. Variations of surface poten-tials were observed in a single GaP NW with WZ/ZB segments. An average difference in surface potential was 55 ± 11 mV. This is explained by different crystal structures along the NW. The work expands the understanding of crystal structure-dependent electrical transport properties of GaP NWs.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction models are used in Western European countries, but less so in Eastern European countries where rates of CVD can be two to four times higher.

We recalibrated the SCORE prediction model for three Eastern European countries and evaluated the impact of adding seven behavioural and psychosocial risk factors to the model.
The taxonomy of the genus Calomyscus remains controversial. According to the latest systematics the genus includes eight species with great karyotypic variation.

Here, we studied karyotypes of 14 Calomyscus individuals from different regions of Iran and Turkmenistan using a new set of chromosome painting probes from a Calomyscus sp. male (2n = 46, XY; Shahr-e-Kord-Soreshjan-Cheshme Maiak Province). C-banding and chromomycin A3-DAPI staining after G-banding showed extensive heterochromatin variation between individuals.

We showed the retention of large syntenic blocks in karyotypes of individuals with identical chromosome numbers. The only rearrangement (fusion 2/21) differentiated Calomyscus elburzensis, Calomyscus mystax mystax, and Calomyscus sp. from Isfahan Province with 2n = 44 from karyotypes of C. bailwardi, Calomyscus sp. from Shahr-e-Kord, Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari-Aloni, and Khuzestan-Izeh Provinces with 2n = 46. The individuals from Shahdad tunnel, Kerman Province with 2n = 51–52 demonstrated non-centric fissions of chromosomes 4, 5, and 6 of the 46-chromosomal form with the formation of separate small acrocentrics. A heteromorphic pair of chromosomes in a specimen with 2n = 51 resulted from a fusion of two autosomes.
Myc-like regulatory factors carrying the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain belong to a large superfamily of transcriptional factors (TFs) present in all eukaryotic kingdoms. In plants, the representatives of this superfamily regulate diverse biological processes including growth and development as well as response to various stresses. As members of the regulatory MBW complexes, they participate in biosynthesis of flavonoids. In wheat, only one member (TaMyc1) of the Myc-like TFs family has been studied, while structural and functional organization of further members remained uncharacterized. From two Myc-subfamilies described recently in the genomes of Triticeae tribe species, we investigated thoroughly the members of the subfamily I which includes the TaMyc1 gene.Comparison of the promoter regions of the Myc subfamily I members in wheat suggested their division into two groups (likely homoeologous sets): TaMyc-1 (TaMyc-A1/TaMyc1, TaMyc-B1, TaMyc-D1) and TaMyc-2 (TaMyc-A2 and TaMyc-D2). It was demonstrated that the TaMyc-D1 copy has lost its functionality due to the frame shift mutation. The study of functional features of the other four copies suggested some of them to be involved in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins. In particular, TaMyc-B1 is assumed to be a co-regulator of the gene TaC1-A1 (encoding R2R3-Myb factor) in the MBW regulatory complex activating anthocyanin synthesis in wheat coleoptile. The mRNA levels of the TaMyc-A1, TaMyc-B1, TaMyc-A2 and TaMyc-D2 genes increased significantly in wheat seedlings exposed to osmotic stress. Salinity stress induced expression of TaMyc-B1 and TaMyc-A2, while TaMyc-A1 was repressed.The features of the structural and functional organization of the members of subfamily I of Myc-like TFs in wheat were determined. Myc-like co-regulator (TaMyc-B1) of anthocyanin synthesis in wheat coleoptile was described for the first time. The Myc-encoding genes presumably involved in response to drought and salinity were determined in wheat. The results obtained are important for further manipulations with Myc genes, aimed on increasing wheat adaptability.
Gene duplication and the preservation of both copies during evolution is an intriguing evolutionary phenomenon. Their preservation is related to the function they perform.

The central component of centromere specification and function is the centromere-specific histone H3 (CENH3). Some cereal species (maize, rice) have one copy of the gene encoding this protein, while some (wheat, barley, rye) have two.

Therefore, they represent a good model for a comparative study of the functional activity of the duplicated
ALICE data on the K 0 S K + correlation in Pb-Pb interactions together with the data on the γγ → ηπ 0 and φ → ηπ 0 γ reactions

simultaneously described when a 0 (980) has no constituent qq¯ component at all

the validity of the Gaussian assumption is kept
With recent advances in robotics, various methods and systems for robotic movement planning have gained popularity. In particular, the problem of planning of pick and move operations for the robotic sorting cells has drawn certain attention because new strategies and algorithms become a necessity as a robotic sorting systems application area extends. In the present work, a new algorithm for optimization of sorting operation sequences is proposed and results of its testing on a computer simulation are presented. The algorithm is based on the state tree search method and is aimed for performance improvement of the systems in which the input load can exceed the capacity of the robotic manipulator.
This review addresses the contribution of some genes to the phenotype of familial hypercholesterolemia. At present, it is known that the pathogenesis of this disease involves not only a pathological variant of low-density lipoprotein receptor and its ligands (apolipoprotein B, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 or low-density lipoprotein receptor adaptor protein 1), but also lipids, including sphingolipids, fatty acids, and sterols. The genetic cause of familial hypercholesterolemia is unknown in 20%–40% of the cases. The genes STAP1 (signal transducing adaptor family member 1), CYP7A1 (cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1), LIPA (lipase A, lysosomal acid type), ABCG5 (ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 5), ABCG8 (ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 8), and PNPLA5 (patatin like phospholipase domain containing 5), which can cause aberrations of lipid metabolism, are being evaluated as new targets for the diagnosis and personalized management of familial hypercholesterolemia.
The experimental setup has been designed and fabricated to study the evaporation of liquid droplets, blown by the gas flow in a mini-channel with a height of 6 and 9 mm. Substrates were removable, and the surface temperature of the substrate was maintained at a constant level. The shadow method was the main method of measurement. A series of experiments with a water drop of 100 μl volume settled on a polished stainless substrate were carried out.

As a result the dependences for the droplet evaporation rate were obtained in the range of temperatures 25–70 °C and Reynolds numbers of gas 0–2000.
This Letter describes a search for narrowly resonant new physics using a machine-learning anomaly detection procedure that does not rely on signal simulations for developing the analysis selection.

Weakly supervised learning is used to train classifiers directly on data to enhance potential signals. The targeted topology is dijet events and the features used for machine learning are the masses of the two jets. The resulting analysis is essentially a three-dimensional search A→BC, for m_{A}∼O(TeV), m_{B},m_{C}∼O(100 GeV) and B, C are reconstructed as large-radius jets, without paying a penalty associated with a large trials factor in the scan of the masses of the two jets. The full run 2 sqrt[s]=13 TeV pp collision dataset of 139 fb^{-1} recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is used for the search.

There is no significant evidence of a localized excess in the dijet invariant mass spectrum between 1.8 and 8.2 TeV. Cross-section limits for narrow-width A, B, and C particles vary with m_{A}, m_{B}, and m_{C}. For example, when m_{A}=3 TeV and m_{B}≳200 GeV, a production cross section between 1 and 5 fb is excluded at 95% confidence level, depending on m_{C}. For certain masses, these limits are up to 10 times more sensitive than those obtained by the inclusive dijet search. These results are complementary to the dedicated searches for the case that B and C are standard model bosons.
The characteristics of two-phase gas-liquid flow and heat transfer during flow boiling and condensing in micro-scale heat exchangers are discussed in this paper.

The results of numerical simulation of the evaporating liquid film flowing downward in rectangular minichannel of the two-phase compact heat exchanger are presented and the peculiarities of microscale heat transport in annular flow with phase changes are discussed. Presented model accounts the capillarity induced transverse flow of liquid and predicts the microscale heat transport processes when the nucleate boiling becomes suppressed. The simultaneous influence of the forced convection, nucleate boiling and liquid film evaporation during flow boiling in plate-fin heat exchangers is considered.

The equation for prediction of the flow boiling heat transfer at low flux conditions is presented and verified using experimental data.
The dataset contains genome-wide association summary statistics computed for heathspan. The UKB sub-population of 300,447 genetically Caucasian, British individuals were analyzed. For more details see [1].

The data are provided on an 'AS-IS' basis, without warranty of any type, expressed or implied, including but not limited to any warranty as to their performance, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource and the use of the data is guided by the principles formulated by the UK Biobank.

Identification of 12 genetic loci associated with human healthspan. Column headers: SNPID - SNP rsID chr - chromosome pos - position (GRCh37 build / hg19) EA - effective allele (coded as '1') RA - reference allele (coded as '0') EAF - effective allele frequency beta - effect size of effective allele se - standard error of effect size Z - Z-value of association -log10(p-value) - minus log10(P-value) of association
Bulk Mo2S3 may be dispersed into colloidal nanosheets and assembled into thin films with potential for use in gas sensors.
Flow regimes of immiscible ionic liquid - water flow in T-shaped microchannels with 160 um hydraulic diameter and 1:2 and 1:4 aspect ratios are experimentally studied in the present work. Plug length and velocity were measured using high-speed visualization of the flow. Flow pattern maps were drawn for two channels. Parallel flow was shown to prevail for 1:4 aspect ratio channel in comparison to 1:2.
. The new Zakharov–Resio–Pushkarev (ZRP) wind input source term Zakharov et al.(2012) is examined for its theoretical consistency via numerical simulation of the Hasselmann equation. The results are compared to field experimental data, collected at different sites around the world, and theoretical predictions based on self-similarity analysis. Consistent results are obtained for both limited fetch and duration limited statements.
As research on sustainable ammonia synthesis via electrochemical and photochemical N2 reduction progresses to include a wider variety of aqueous and aprotic electrolytes, 1H NMR spectroscopy is increasingly adopted as a means for ammonium quantification. However, this method is highly sensitive to experimental parameters, as demonstrated herein using a highly versatile and robust NMR pulse program. We demonstrate the sensitivity of the measurement to the final pH of the analyzed solution and identify a [H+] concentration range enabling robust quantification. We compare direct quantification versus calibration approaches to show that the former is highly sensitive to spin relaxation effects and identify the latter as the most reliable approach. This method, when optimized, enables direct, rapid quantification of both 14NH4+ and 15NH4+ within 12–22 min. The limit of detection of 5–10 μM, depending on the solvent, which meets the needs of current electrochemical and photochemical N2 reduction research.
The apoplast plays an important role in plant defense against pathogens. Some extracellular PR-4 proteins possess ribonuclease activity and may directly inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi. It is likely that extracellular RNases can also protect plants against some viruses with RNA genomes. However, many plant RNases are multifunctional and the direct link between their ribonucleolytic activity and antiviral defense still needs to be clarified.

In this study, we evaluated the resistance of Nicotiana tabacum plants expressing a non-plant single-strand-specific extracellular RNase against Cucumber mosaic virus.Severe mosaic symptoms and shrinkage were observed in the control non-transgenic plants 10 days after inoculation with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), whereas such disease symptoms were suppressed in the transgenic plants expressing the RNase gene. In a Western blot analysis, viral proliferation was observed in the uninoculated upper leaves of control plants, whereas virus levels were very low in those of transgenic plants.

These results suggest that resistance against CMV was increased by the expression of the heterologous RNase gene.We have previously shown that tobacco plants expressing heterologous RNases are characterized by high resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus. In this study, we demonstrated that elevated levels of extracellular RNase activity resulted in increased resistance to a virus with a different genome organization and life cycle. Thus, we conclude that the pathogen-induced expression of plant apoplastic RNases may increase non-specific resistance against viruses with RNA genomes.
Задача о конкордантности и кобордантности узлов является известной классической задачей маломерной топологии. Цель настоящей работы - показать, что для нечетных свободных узлов - свободных узлов со всеми нечетными перекрестками - вопрос о срезанности (конкордантности тривиальному узлу) имеет непосредственный ответ, основанный на возможности или невозможности спаривания хорд диаграммы узла. Библиография: 8 названий.
Important role of helicity was theoretically predicted for the generation of large-scale magnetic fields and atmospheric vortices. Helicity can lead to a reduction of turbulent dissipation in the atmosphere or in a specific constrained flow, e.g. in pipe.

We use the TomoPIV data (42 cube of grid points, resolution 0.84 mm) to measure 3D velocity field of turbulent swirling flows. We study spatial distribution of the mean and fluctuating components of energy and helicity.

We find that helical turbulence excitation and decay along stream of the jet strongly depend on the inflow swirl. We observe spatial separation of turbulent flow with different sign of helicity while integrated values are conserves. It is shown that large scale swirling flow induces helicity at the small scales. Our results bring valuable materials for benchmark the modern numerical simulations with turbulent closure technique.
Computer simulators of hydraulic fracturing rely on known physical properties of the reservoir, in particular, the leak-off coefficient and the confining in situ stress.This information can be obtained from the solution of the inverse problem by analyzing of the pressure decline curve (PDC) in pump-in/shut-in tests.

For computer simulations we use the mathematical model of the hydraulic fracture in poroelastic medium developed in [6].We investigate the dependence of the PDC on the closure stress and of the rock permeability.

It is shown that classical methods for interpretation of PDC can lead to a significant error, in particular, in estimation of the minimal in situ confining stress.
Sintering of powder mixtures is one of the widely used production methods of composite materials. The distribution of the reinforcement phases in these composites is a function of both initial powder structure and sintering conditions. Based on the recent literature and experimental results obtained by the authors, this article discusses a specific type of reinforcement distribution—the network distribution—in composites produced by sintering of powder mixtures. Examples of the influence of networks of different nature on sintering of metal and ceramic matrices are presented for continuous structures composed of carbon nanotubes and quasi-continuous structures of smaller particles located at boundaries between larger particles. The principles of the microstructure formation in composites with networks formed by ceramic particles, particles of metallic glass and carbon nanotubes are analyzed. Unusual properties of composites with metal and ceramic matrices achieved by organizing reinforcements in networks are discussed.
Lagrangian particle tracking Shake-the-box (STB) method (Schanz et al., 2016) acquires the 3D positions of tracer particles from the temporal sequences of their 2D projection images even for rather high seeding densities. Approximation of tracks by analytical functions (Gesemann, 2015) provides an accurate evaluation of tracers’ local velocity and acceleration. This data, which is obtained on non-regular grid, can be used to estimate local pressure fluctuations based on the Navier–Stokes equation. The present paper describes a grid-free least-squares method for the gradients and pressure evaluation based on irregularly scattered LPT data with random noise minimization.
The fur colour of American mink (Neovison vison) involves over 35 traits, but only three of these have been linked to specific genes. Despite being the most popular, coat colours Silverblue and Hedlund white remain uncharacterized genetically. The former is the first genetic mutant of fur colour identified in minks, while the latter is a commercially valuable phenotype that can be dyed easily.

Here, we performed the whole genome sequencing for two American mink breeds with Silverblue and Hedlund white coats. We identified mutations in splice donor sites of genes coding melanophilin (MLPH) and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) that regulate melanosome transport and neural-crest-derived melanocyte development, respectively. Both mutations cause mRNA splicing impairments that lead to a shift in open reading frames of MLPH and MITF.

We conclude that our data should be useful for tracking economically valuable fur traits in mink breeding programs to contribute to global fur production.
We find a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for the CP conservation in the most general 2HDM in terms of observable quantities. This set contains two simple and relatively easily testable conditions instead of the more complex conditions usually discussed.