Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Synchrotron radiation facilities are no longer "exotic" experimental tools for many researchers.A network of synchrotrons already covers Europe, North and South Americas, Asian countries and is widely used by a highly international scientific community.Construction of new synchrotrons in other geographical regions is planned.In particular, three new synchrotrons are planned to be constructed and subsequently used in Russia, including the one of the three (SKIF) to be located in Novosibirsk region.One of the problems related to constructing the synchrotrons in new regions is to educate a broad enough research community, so that sufficient number of efficient users of these facilities appears, who can submit highlevel proposals which are adequate to the level of the unique instruments, perform experiments, process and interpret data.Not only technical support engineers, but also beamline scientists and educated users are needed.
pre-B-factory measurements

measurements of branching fractions using a 669 fb⁻¹ data sample accumulated with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e⁺e⁻ collider

accuracy improved over pre-B-factory measurements by a factor ranging from five to ten; clear signals for intermediate states observed in specific decay modes
A prominent and distinctive feature of the rye (Secale cereale) chromosomes is the presence of massive blocks of subtelomeric heterochromatin, the size of which is correlated with the copy number of tandem arrays. The rapidity with which these regions have formed over the period of speciation remains unexplained.

Using a BAC library created from the short arm telosome of rye chromosome 1R we uncovered numerous arrays of the pSc200 and pSc250 tandem repeat families which are concentrated in subtelomeric heterochromatin and identified the adjacent DNA sequences. The arrays show significant heterogeneity in monomer organization. 454 reads were used to gain a representation of the expansion of these tandem repeats across the whole rye genome.

The presence of multiple, relatively short monomer arrays, coupled with the mainly star-like topology of the monomer phylogenetic trees, was taken as indicative of a rapid expansion of the pSc200 and pSc250 arrays. The evolution of subtelomeric heterochromatin appears to have included a significant contribution of illegitimate recombination. The composition of transposable elements (TEs) within the regions flanking the pSc200 and pSc250 arrays differed markedly from that in the genome a whole. Solo-LTRs were strongly enriched, suggestive of a history of active ectopic exchange. Several DNA motifs were over-represented within the LTR sequences. The large blocks of subtelomeric heterochromatin have arisen from the combined activity of TEs and the expansion of the tandem repeats. The expansion was likely based on a highly complex network of recombination mechanisms.
This paper is concerned with a new type of free boundary problems for elastic bodies with a rigid inclusion being in contact with another rigid inclusion or with a non-deformable punch. We propose correct problem formulations with inequality type boundary conditions of a non-local type describing a mutual non-penetration between surfaces. Solution existence is proved for different types of inclusions and different geometries. Qualitative properties of solutions are analyzed provided that rigidity parameters are changed.
Quantum wells (QWs) based on mercury telluride (HgTe) thin films provide a large scale of unusual physical properties starting from an insulator via a two-dimensional Dirac semimetal to a three-dimensional topological insulator. These properties result from the dramatic change of the QW band structure with the HgTe film thickness. Although being a key property, these energy dispersion relations cannot be reflected in experiments due to the lack of appropriate tools. Here we report an experimental and theoretical study of two HgTe quantum wells with inverted energy spectrum in which two-dimensional semimetallic states are realized. Using magneto-optical spectroscopy at sub-THz frequencies we were able to obtain information about electron and hole cyclotron masses at all relevant Fermi level positions and different charge densities. The outcome is also supported by a Shubnikov-de Haas analysis of capacitance measurements, which allows obtaining information about the degeneracy of the active modes. From these data, it is possible to reconstruct electron and hole dispersion relations. Detailed comparative analysis of the energy dispersion relations with theoretical calculations demonstrates a good agreement, reflecting even several subtle features like band splitting, the second conduction band, and the overlaps between the first conduction and first valence band. Our study demonstrates that the cyclotron resonance experiments can be efficiently used to directly obtain the band structures of semimetallic 2D materials.
The evolution of an artificial localized wave packet in a supersonic boundary layer of a swept wing is experimentally investigated at Mach number M = 2.

The wave characteristics of the development of disturbances at various frequencies are determined. The growth increments of the most increasing modes of the wave packet are estimated.

Comparison with the results of calculations based on the linear theory of stability is carried out.
Burnt deposits are an important source of information on ancient lifestyles, providing the possibility of reconstructing the size, intensity of use, and functions of fi replaces at prehistoric settlements, and to assess fuel sources. We outline the results of a multidisciplinary study of fi replaces and their contexts at Surungur—a stratifi ed site in the Fergana Valley, in southern Kyrgyzstan. Sixteen samples from ash lenses and intermediate deposits were studied by rock-magnetism, gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and X-ray fl uorescence (XRF). The rock-magnetic analysis suggests that the origin of all samples from ash lenses was anthropogenic. Types of fuel were reconstructed. At the initial stage (Early Holocene), the encompassing deposits likely resulted from short-term occupation, and fuel consisted of wood and grass/ dung. In the Middle Holocene, occupation became more long-term, as evidenced by maximal heating temperatures and high concentration of fi replaces. During the Late Holocene, habitation intensity on the platform under the stone ledge remained the same, but heating was less intense. Wood and grass/dung were used as fuel at all stages, suggesting that wood was available in the region throughout the Holocene.
An aberrant chromosome 1 carrying an inverted fragment with two amplified DNA regions was isolated from wild populations of Mus musculus.

Meiotic drive favouring the aberrant chromosome was demonstrated for heterozygous females. Its cause was preferential passage of aberrant chromosome 1 to the oocyte. Genetic analysis allowed us to identify a two-component system conditioning deviation from equal segregation of the homologues. The system consists of a postulated distorter and responder. The distorter is located on chromosome 1 distally to the responder, between the ln and Pep-3 genes, and it acts on the responder when in trans position.

Polymorphism of the distorters was manifested as variation in their effect on meiotic drive level in the laboratory strain and mice from wild populations.
Trace amounts of water dissolved in minerals affect density, viscosity and melting behaviour of the Earth's mantle and play an important role in global tectonics, magmatism and volatile cycle. Water concentrations and the ratios of hydrogen isotopes in the mantle give insight into these processes, as well as into the origin of terrestrial water.

Here we show the presence of molecular H2 in minerals (omphacites) from eclogites from the Kaapvaal and Siberian cratons. These omphacites contain both high amounts of H2 (70 to 460 wt. ppm) and OH. Furthermore, their ∂D values increase with dehydration, suggesting a positive H isotope fractionation factor between minerals and H2-bearing fluid.

The possibility of incorporation of large quantities of H as H2 in nominally anhydrous minerals implies that the storage capacity of H in the mantle may have been underestimated, and sheds new light on H isotope variations in mantle magmas and minerals.
To establish associations of polymorphisms of candidate genes coding for the components of the endothelial (NOS3, MTHFR) and sympathoadrenal systems (ADRB1, ADRA2B) with coronary heart disease (CHD) in the cohort of the small population of Mountain Shoriya.

A clinical and epidemiological study was conducted in the areas of Mountain Shoriya (Orton, Ust-Kabyrza, Sheregesh, Tashtagol). Analysis of risk factors included recording the age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, presence/absence of arterial hypertension (AH), smoking, and the presence of disorders of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. CHD diagnosis was made by three epidemiological criteria: coding of the electrocardiogram according to the Minnesota code, Rose questionnaire, and a history of myocardial infarction. The patient underwent molecular genetic testing. DNA isolation from blood was carried out by the method of phenol-chloroform extraction. Statistical processing was carried out using the programs STATISTICA 6.1 (StatSoft Inc., USA) and SNPStats.

The prevalence of CHD in the Shoriya cohort was 9,7%. The results of our study established the relationship of genetic markers of the sympathoadrenal and endothelial systems with coronary atherosclerosis in the indigenous population of Shoriya. The high risk of atherosclerotic heart disease was associated with the 4b/4a genotype of the NOS3 gene (OR 2,57 95% CI (1,12-5,86), p=0,026) according to the dominant mode of inheritance. The relationship of the T/T genotype of the MTHFR gene with CHD by recessive inheritance was established (OR 13,28; 95% CI (1,79-98,40), p=0,024). Due to genetic research, there is a real opportunity not only to carry out accurate molecular diagnostics, but also to determine an underlying risk for a disease. Detection of genetic disposition to CHD can be carried out long before the onset of clinical symptoms, which can effectively prevent its development.
the region of the ABC effect and its associated $d^*(2380)$ resonance. The observed resonance effect in the total cross section is in agreement with the predictions of F"aldt and Wilkin as well Albadajedo and Oset.

Exclusive measurements of the quasi-free $np \to np\pi^0\pi^0$ reaction have been performed by means of $dp$ collisions at $T_d$ = 2.27 GeV using the WASA detector setup at COSY. Total and differential cross sections have been obtained covering the energy region $\sqrt s$ = (2.35 - 2.46) GeV. Adding the $d^*$ resonance amplitude to that for the conventional processes leads to a reasonable description of the data.

The ABC effect, {\it i.e.} the low-mass enhancement in the $\pi^0\pi^0$-invariant mass spectrum, is found to be very modest - if present at all, which might pose a problem to some of its interpretations.
Synthetic water-soluble phenolic antioxidants are known anti-inflammatory chemicals, some of them were shown to induce components of antioxidative defense enzymes NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) via activation of Nrf2 pathway.

Our experimental in vivo models have demonstrated an increase of both gstp1 and nqo1 expression in the liver of mice treated with novel organosulfur phenolic compounds TS-12, TS-13, TS-14.Both expression and activity of GSTP1 was dependent on the distance of active thiosulfonate group in para-position from the benzene ring of the above antioxidants.The increase of nqo1 and gstp1 gene expression was mediated by the antioxidant-binding response element (ARE).

Our results revealed the role of Nrf2/ARE-dependent transcription regulation in response to the new phenolic antioxidants and suggested possible strategy to improve antioxidative properties of synthetic phenolic compounds.
Presently available high-energy proton beams in circular accelerators carry enough momentum to accelerate high-intensity electron and positron beams to the TeV energy scale over several hundred meters of the plasma with a density of about 1e15 1/cm^3. However, the plasma wavelength at this density is 100-1000 times shorter than the typical longitudinal size of the high-energy proton beam.

Therefore the self-modulation instability (SMI) of a long (~10 cm) proton beam in the plasma should be used to create the train of micro-bunches which would then drive the plasma wake resonantly. Changing the plasma density profile offers a simple way to control the development of the SMI and the acceleration of particles during this process. We present simulations of the possible use of a plasma density gradient as a way to control the acceleration of the electron beam during the development of the SMI of a 400 GeV proton beam in a 10 m long plasma.

This work is done in the context of the AWAKE project --- the proof-of-principle experiment on proton driven plasma wakefield acceleration at CERN.
This work is aimed at studying the relationship of matrix metalloproteinases with calcification of the coronary arteries. The study included 78 people with coronary heart disease (CHD) and 36 without CHD. Blood and samples of coronary arteries obtained as a result of endarterectomy were examined. Serum levels of metalloproteinases (MMP) MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-10, MMP-12, and MMP-13 were determined by multiplex analysis. In blood vessel samples, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-7, and MMP-9 were determined by enzyme immunoassay; MMP-9 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Patients with CHD had higher serum levels of MMP-1, MMP-7, and MMP-12. Blood levels of MMP-1 and MMP-3 were associated with calcium levels, MMP-9 with osteoprotegerin and osteonectin, MMP-7 and MMP-10 with osteoprotegerin, MMP-12 with osteocalcin, and MMP-13 with osteopontin. Calcified plaques had higher levels of MMP-1 and MMP-9 compared to plaques without calcification. The relative risk of coronary arteries calcification was associated with MMP-9, which is confirmed by the results of immunohistochemistry. The results obtained indicate the participation of some MMPs, and especially MMP-9, in the calcification processes. The study can serve as a basis for the further study of the possibility of using MMP-1, MMP-7 and MMP-12 as potential biomarkers of CHD.
We report the genetic analysis of 18 population samples of animals, which were taken from cattle (Bos taurus) breeds of European and Asian origins. The main strength of our study is the use of rare and ancient native cattle breeds: the Altai, Ukrainian Grey, Tagil, and Buryat ones. The cattle samples studied have different production purposes, belong to various eco-geographic regions, and consequently have distinct farming conditions. In order to clarify the genetic diversity, phylogenetic relationships and historical origin of the studied breeds, we carried out an analysis of the genetic variation of 14 high-variability microsatellite loci at 1168 genotyped animals. High levels of heterozygosity and allelic richness were identified in four of the ancient local breeds, namely the Kalmyk, Tagil, Kyrgyz native, and Buryat breeds. The greatest phylogenetic distances from a common ancestor were observed for the Yakut and Ukrainian Grey breeds, while the Tagil breed showed the smallest difference. By using clustering approaches, we found that the Altai cattle is genetically close to the Kyrgyz one. Moreover, both the Altai and Kyrgyz breeds exposed genetic divergences from other representatives of the Turano-Mongolian type and genetic relationships with the Brown Swiss and Kostroma breeds. This phenomenon can be explained by the extensive use of the Brown Swiss and Kostroma breeds in the breeding and improvement processes for the Kyrgyz breeds, which have been involved in the process of keeping the Altai cattle. Our results can be valuable for conservation and management purposes.
Bioinformatic resources (databases of the gene nets, transcriptional and posttranscriptional expression signals, programs for recognition of functional sites and prediction of their activities) are reviewed

in respect of their utility for gene engineering experiments.
Hydrogels are biocompatible matrices for local delivery of nucleic acids; however, functional dopants are required to provide efficient delivery into cells. In particular, dendrimers, known as robust nucleic acid carriers, can be used as dopants.

Herein, we report the first example of impregnating neutral hydrogels with siRNA–dendrimer complexes. The surface chemistry of dendrimers allows adjusting the release rate of siRNA-containing complexes.

This methodology can bring new materials for biomedical applications.
Raw ChIP-seq data were obtained from ENCODE and SRA

uniformly processed: (i) reads were aligned using Bowtie2; (ii) ChIP-seq peaks were called using peak callers MACS, SISSRs, GEM and PICS; (iii) peaks for the same factor and peak callers, but different experiment conditions (cell line, treatment, etc.), were merged into clusters; (iv) such clusters for different peak callers were merged into metaclusters that were considered as non-redundant sets of TFBSs

A web interface to access GTRD was developed using the BioUML platform. It provides: (i) browsing and displaying information; (ii) advanced search possibilities, e.g. search of TFBSs near the specified gene or search of all genes potentially regulated by a specified transcription factor; (iii) integrated genome browser that provides visualization of the GTRD data: read alignments, peaks, clusters, metaclusters and information about gene structures from the Ensembl database and binding sites predicted using position weight matrices from the HOCOMOCO database
We study the scattering properties of a cloud of particles. The particles are spherical, close to the incident wavelength in size, have a high albedo, and are randomly packed to 20% volume density. We show, using both numerically exact methods for solving the Maxwell equations and radiative-transfer-approximation methods, that the scattering properties of the cloud converge after about ten million particles in the system. After that, the backward-scattered properties of the system should estimate the properties of a macroscopic, practically infinite system.
A need to deeper understand the influence of electric current on the structure and properties of metallic materials consolidated by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) stimulates research on inter-particle interactions, bonding and necking processes in low-pressure or pressureless conditions as favoring technique-specific local effects when electric current passes through the underdeveloped inter-particle contacts. Until now, inter-particle interactions during pressureless SPS have been studied mainly for particles of the same material. In this work, we focused on the interactions between particles of dissimilar materials in mixtures of micrometer-sized Fe and Al powders forming porous compacts during pressureless SPS at 500–650 °C. Due to the chemical interaction between Al and Fe, necks of conventional shape did not form between the dissimilar particles. At the early interaction stages, the Al particles acquired shell morphology. It was shown that this morphology change was not related to the influence of electric current but was due to the Kirkendall effect in the Fe–Al system and particle rearrangement in a porous compact. No experimental evidence of melting or melt ejection during pressureless SPS of the Fe–Al mixtures or Fe and Al powders sintered separately was observed. Porous FeAl-based compacts could be obtained from Fe-40at.%Al mixtures by pressureless SPS at 650 °C.
The review presents current data on the Arterial Hypertension (AH) and Gallstone Disease (GSD) prevalence. The heterogeneity of the relationship between cardiovascular diseases, AH and GSD was shown. According to our data, in Novosibirsk, in the population sample of women 25-64 years with/without GSD (n=870) prevalence of AH (criteria blood pressure (BP) >160/95, WHO MONICA project, 1994-1995) was 41,6% and 31,3%, p<0,05. In this female population as a whole (n=1663) prevalence of AH was 30,8%. But with the criteria of BP >140/90, the corresponding indicators of prevalence of AH were similar: 55,4%, 47,1% and 49,0%. The evidence of the association between the GSD and the carotid arteries intima-media thickness, as atherosclerosis marker, is presented, and the main mechanisms of development of AH in GSD are highlighted. Gastroenterological symptoms, BP, blood lipids, quality of life were compared, which were worse in comorbid patients with GSD and AH than in GSD or AH. The expediency of an active approach to the detection of GSD and AH in terms of their contribution to cardiovascular prognosis is shown.
Genotoxic stress generates single- and double-strand DNA breaks either through direct damage by reactive oxygen species or as intermediates of DNA repair. Failure to detect and repair DNA strand breaks leads to deleterious consequences such as chromosomal aberrations, genomic instability and cell death. DNA strand breaks disrupt the superhelical state of cellular DNA, which further disturbs the chromatin architecture and gene activity regulation. Proteins from the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family, such as PARP1 and PARP2, use NAD+ as a substrate to catalyse the synthesis of polymeric chains consisting of ADP-ribose units covalently attached to an acceptor molecule. PARP1 and PARP2 are regarded as DNA damage sensors that, upon activation by strand breaks, poly(ADP-ribosyl)ate themselves and nuclear acceptor proteins. Noteworthy, the regularly branched structure of poly(ADP-ribose) polymer suggests that the mechanism of its synthesis may involve circular movement of PARP1 around the DNA helix, with a branching point in PAR corresponding to one complete 360° turn. We propose that PARP1 stays bound to a DNA strand break end, but rotates around the helix displaced by the growing poly(ADP-ribose) chain, and that this rotation could introduce positive supercoils into damaged chromosomal DNA. This topology modulation would enable nucleosome displacement and chromatin decondensation around the lesion site, facilitating the access of DNA repair proteins or transcription factors. PARP1-mediated DNA supercoiling can be transmitted over long distances, resulting in changes in the high-order chromatin structures. The available structures of PARP1 are consistent with the strand break-induced PAR synthesis as a driving force for PARP1 rotation around the DNA axis.
We present a study of the branching fraction of the decay B^0->rho0rho0 and the fraction of longitudinally polarized rho0 mesons in this decay. The results are obtained from the final data sample containing 772 million BBbar pairs collected at the Y(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. We find 166 +- 59 B^0 -> rho0 rho0 events (including systematic uncertainties), corresponding to a branching fraction of B(B^0->rho0rho0) = (1.02 +- 0.30 (stat) +- 0.15 (syst)) x 10^{-6} with a significance of 3.4 standard deviations and a longitudinal polarization fraction fL = 0.21^{+0.18}_{-0.22} (stat) +- 0.15 (syst). We use the longitudinal polarization fraction to determine the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix angle phi_2 = (84.9 +- 13.5) degrees through an isospin analysis in the B->rhorho system. We furthermore find 149 +- 49 B^0->f0rho0 events, corresponding to B(B^0->f0rho0) x B(f0->pi+pi-) = (0.78 +- 0.22 (stat) +- 0.11 (syst)) x 10^{-6}, with a significance of 3.1 standard deviations. We find no other significant contribution with the same final state, and set upper limits at 90% confidence level on the (product) branching fractions, B(B^0->pi+pi-pi+pi-)<11.2 x 10^{-6}, B(B^0->rho0pi+pi-)<12.0 x 10^{-6}, B(B^0->f0pi+pi-) x B(f0->pi+pi-) <3.0 x 10^{-6} and B(B^0->f0f0) x B(f0->pi+pi-)^{2} < 0.2 x 10^{-6}.