Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
After gamma-ray treatment of pea seeds, a mutation tendril-less2 (tl2) was obtained. In heterozygote, it transforms tendrils into a narrow leaflets, resembling an action of the classic mutation tl. In contrast to tl, the novel mutation, when homozygous, does not affect leaf development but supresses pigmentation of petals. It is suggested that both genes (Tl and TI2), responsible for transformation of leaves into an organ of climbing, have common origin from a gene controlling anthocyanine synthesis
We measure the time-dependent $CP$ violation parameters in ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}_{S}^{0}{K}_{S}^{0}{K}_{S}^{0}$ decays using $772\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}B\overline{B}$ pairs collected at the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider.

The obtained mixing-induced and direct $CP$ asymmetries are $\ensuremath{-}0.71\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.23\text{ }(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05\text{ }(\mathrm{syst})$ and $0.12\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.16\text{ }(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05\text{ }(\mathrm{syst})$, respectively.

These values are consistent with the Standard Model predictions. The significance of $CP$ violation differs from zero by 2.5 standard deviations.
The paper presents preliminary results of the comparison of the Dictionaries of word associations for French referred further to as FAS-1 and FAS-2, compiled respectively in 2010 and 2020. To check the reliability of their data we used information on word associations provided by an alternative source, the French project Jeuxdemots, which began in 2007. The first part of the article accounts for dynamic processes in the vocabulary of direct associative dictionaries, focusing on the analysis of the associative field of the adjective malade . We established that the psycholinguistic meaning of this item hasn't undergone considerable changes during the last 10 years: most frequent associations are the same, its structure has not changed, small semantic changes in the content of certain categories are not essential and can be neglected. As for its structure, the associative field of malade includes the following major slots: 'kind of disease', 'symptoms', 'treatment', 'visual characteristics of the patient', 'ways of spreading', 'health', and some other related concepts. Cultural allusions and reactions to the form (not to the meaning) of the lexeme were singled out too. The paper also puts emphasis on the emergence of words related as reactions to the pandemic of COVID-19 though they represent only 0.03 % of the 506317 reactions collected in FAS-2. To provide a comprehensive comparison, dynamic changes in the inverse vocabulary were also studied. The list of reactions elicited by 50 or more stimuli (so called super-connectors) was analyzed, as well as the list of the most frequent reactions. For this purpose, two special research dictionaries were designed, based on the reactions to 610 identical stimuli. The lists of the first 75 super-connectors in FAS-1 and FAS-2, as well as the most frequent reactions, proved to be almost identical. We only observed an increase in the frequency and number of stimuli which provoked reactions related to the material side of life (namely, work, earning money, studies), and their decrease for reactions related to social life. However, to summarize the major result of the comparative analysis, we may state that the changes in the associative norms of speakers of French are insignificant, being within the statistical margin of error.
The article analyzes items of the Buryats’ archery complex depicted on the postcards of the early 20th century. These are bows and arrows, quivers, bow cases, belts and one arrow storage. Also in the article, the history of photographs are examined, the authorship and dating of the photographs are found.

In total, four postcards with east Buryats and three postcards with west Buryats were found. The analysis showed that all the images have bows with similar geometrical features that tells us about the proximity of structures. Items similar in geometry are now kept in museums and private collections and belong to the Buryat traditional culture and differ from the Manchu tradition bows, popular among the peoples of South Siberia and Central Asia. All the Buryat quivers have a special shape and are called “humpbacked” in publications. The bow cases are shaped like half a bow. Quivers and bow cases are represented in two decorative traditions: western and eastern. In western tradition, usually the entire front surface of quivers and bow cases is covered with metal plates of various shapes. The edges were decorated with sub-rectangular plates using vajra and “ram’s horn symbols”. The central part of the bow cases was filled with discs, the same part of the quivers contains a disk and a ‘comet’. Eastern tradition shows the use of metal plates much less frequently. One image shows a quiver similar in design to Mongolian items, however, in shape resembling Buryat “humpbacked” quivers. One image shows an arrow storage – a case for storing arrows. The images also show the features of wearing and using items of the archery complex.

The postcard images confirm previous conclusions about the uniqueness of the Buryat archery complex and make it possible to highlight new typical features. All of this tells us about the importance of referring to visual sources including postcards when studying weapons.
Neutral beam (NB) injector for the TCV tokamak has been designed to produce a deuterium beam with energy 30 keV, equivalent current up to 50 A, and pulse duration 2 s.

The injector operation is accompanied by generation of fast neutrons produced in deuterium-deuterium collisions via a nuclear fusion reaction D(D,n)3He. Main sources of the neutrons are a beam neutralizer and a deuterium-saturated surface of beam dump. Measurements of the neutron yields from the both sources were produced on the prototype of TCV injector in the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics.

Neutron yields from neutralizer and beam dump are equal to 9.5x108 s−1 and 2.3 × 109 s−1 for the nominal parameters of the injector (30 kV, 50 A).
We consider the coefficient inverse problem for the first-order hyperbolic system, which describes the propagation of the 2D acoustic waves in a heterogeneous medium.

We recover both the density of the medium and the speed of sound by using a finite number of data measurements. We use the second-order MUSCL-Hancock scheme to solve the direct and adjoint problems, and apply optimization scheme to the coefficient inverse problem. The obtained functional is minimized by using the gradient-based approach.

We consider different variations of the method in order to obtain the better accuracy and stability of the approach and present the results of numerical experiments.
Within the framework of WHO program MONICA-psychosocial a representative sample of men 25-64 years was examined in 1994 year in Novosibirsk.

Total sample of 657 males were measured for VE symptoms at baseline with the use of the MONICA - psychosocial Interview - Vital Exhaustion scale. The incidence of new-onset MI cases was revealed over 14-years of follow-up in frame budgetary issue # AAAA-A17-117112850280-2. Cox - proportional regression model was used for an estimation of hazard ratio (HR). In the multivariate Cox regression model after controlling for social factors (education, occupation, marital status) and age.

Vital exhaustion is a predictor of higher risk of MI in middle-age men. Level of MI risk influenced by social gradient.
B rain tumor segmentation is an important and time-consuming part of diagnosis.Multi-class segmentation of different tumor types is a challenging task because of differences in shape, size, location, and distinctions in scanner parameters.It is known that even an experienced radiologist can make a mistake in 10-15% of cases.Many 2D and 3D convolutional neural network architectures have been proposed to solve this problem, and they have achieved significant success.The 2D approach is known to be faster and there are many more datasets with 2D data.In contrast, 3D models.Using computationally-costly 3D operations allows the model to account for context along the z-axis and learn 3-dimensional features.This simultaneously improves the quality of segmentation, increases the learning time, and decreases the speed of operation.

In this paper, we decided to compare 2D and 3D approaches on 2 datasets with MRI images: from the BraTS2020 competition and our private Sibrerian Brain Tumor Image Segmentation dataset.In each dataset, the image is represented as 4 sequences T1, T1C, T2, T2-FLAIR, and a specialist-labeled mask.The data differ in dimensionality, class set, and tumor type.Comparisons were made based on the Dice Index.We performed an analysis of which cases and why they caused difficulties for the models.

Final improvements on the test part of both datasets are in the range of 3-5% on the five-fold trained model according to the Dice metric.The results suggest interesting conclusions and will allow us to get a little closer to making a diagnosis with AI.
Unlike the plane-wave case

We present a detailed quantum electrodynamical description of Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation emitted by a relativistic twisted electron in the transparent medium. Simple expressions for the spectral and spectral-angular distributions as well as for the polarization properties of the emitted radiation are obtained.

Additionally, the emitted photons can have linear polarization not only in the scattering plane but also in the orthogonal direction. We find that the Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation emitted by an electron in a superposition of two vortex states exhibits a strong azimuthal asymmetry. Thus, the Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation offers itself as a convenient diagnostic tool of such electrons and complements the traditional microscopic imaging.
This article considers the participation of representatives of the non-Slavic population of the Russian Empire in the coronation ceremony of the monarch. The author of the article refers both to published and archival sources from the funds of the Russian State Historical Archive and the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts. On the basis of these documents, it is demonstrated how “alien” deputations were compiled for participation in the “sacred coronation” ceremony; how officials in the centre and periphery selected deputies who they thought were worthy; in which capacity they attended the ceremony; and what value it had for the internal policy of the state. The cooperation with the elites of the peoples that made up the Russian Empire was one of the leading principles of ethnic politics. An important means of involving ethnic elites (as well as the non-Slavic population in general) in the life of the state and implementing government policies was to form a cult of the Russian monarch. The convocation of multiethnic masses in the Kremlin and other Moscow celebrations not only marked the national diversity of Russia but was also meant to demonstrate the unity of all its inhabitants around the new autocrat. The research methodology is based on the analysis of the symbolic capital of supreme power. The article reveals how it was maintained and supported in the eyes of different ethnic subjects. Participation in a series of coronation rituals was also important for the non-Russian subjects themselves. It was an opportunity to represent one’s people. Gradually, an algorithm was developed for the selection of people invited to the celebration. Representatives of the ethnic elite, aristocracy, and highest clergy were seen as the most desirable, although by the end of the nineteenth century, it was considered reasonable to invite commoners. The participation of representatives of the country’s peoples in the ceremony of enthronement was an important element of imperial ethnic policy.
This work reports on the study of a new approach to achievement of high-contrast resonant signals from coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances in 87Rb vapour based on feedback control and real-time digital processing of several measured parameters. This method consists in stabilisation of the value of a function depending on several system parameters measured as the frequency difference of the bichromatic pump radiation is scanned through adjustment of the pumping radiation power with a feedback loop. The present work made use of two such parameters: the pumping radiation power incident on and exiting from the optical cell. Exploration of the proposed method has shown that stabilisation of a linear combination of these two parameters results in a resonant peak whose contrast exceeds that of regular CPT resonance by more than two orders of magnitude at relatively slow CPT resonance scan rates, (scanning frequency of the frequency difference of the bichromatic field ∼1 Hz). When dynamically exciting the CPT resonance (the scan frequency of the frequency difference of the bichromatic field equal to 2 kHz), the resonant peak contrast was enhanced by over an order of magnitude.
Here we present experimental data on measuring condensed carbon nanoparticle sizes in trinitrotoluene (TNT) detonation. Nanoparticle sizes were determined from measured distributions of small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). The work was carried out at the VEPP- 4M (BINP) accelerator complex. In this work, we also carried out a SAXS simulation with a real spectrum on the SYRAFEEMA (Synchrotron Radiation Facility for Exploring Energetic Materials) station (wiggler radiation, TNT absorption, absorption of the DIMEX-3 detector). Comparison of the calculated and measured SAXS distribution allows one to obtain the dynamics of the average sizes of carbon nanoparticles behind the detonation front using a pink synchrotron radiation (SR) beam. The measured particle sizes in the chemical reaction zone are ≈ 2 nm. Carbon nanoparticles with a maximum size of ≈ 4-5 nm are found outside the chemical reaction zone.
Results of experimental study of the pulsation characteristics of a flow in isothermal model of vortex furnace with vertically oriented nozzles of secondary blast are obtained. With use of laser Doppler measuring system and pressure pulsations analyzer the data about the pressure and velocity pulsations has been received. Spectra of pressure and velocity pulsations at various regime parameters are presented. Absence of non-stationary structures, such as precessing vortex core of a flow, is shown.
Yellow cuboid diamonds are commonly found in diamondiferous alluvial placers of the Northeastern Siberian platform.

The internal structure of these diamonds have been studied by optical microscopy, X-Ray topography (XRT) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques.

Most of these crystals have typical resorption features and do not preserve primary growth morphology. The resorption leads to an evolution from an originally cubic shape to a rounded tetrahexahedroid. Specific fibrous or columnar internal structure of yellow cuboid diamonds has been revealed. Most of them are strongly deformed. Misorientations of the crystal lattice, found in the samples, may be caused by strains from their fibrous growth or/and post-growth plastic deformation.
Here we demonstrate the feasibility of a novel approach to quantify DNA in cell nuclei. This approach is based on spectroscopy analysis of Raman light scattering, and avoids the problem of nonstoichiometric binding of dyes to DNA, as it directly measures the signal from DNA. Quantitative analysis of nuclear DNA contribution to Raman spectrum could be reliably performed using intensity of a phosphate mode at 1096 cm −1 . When compared to the known DNA standards from cells of different animals, our results matched those values at error of 10%. We therefore suggest that this approach will be useful to expand the list of DNA standards, to properly adjust the duration of hydrolysis in Feulgen staining, to assay the applicability of fuchsines for DNA quantification, as well as to measure DNA content in cells with complex hydrolysis patterns, when Feulgen densitometry is inappropriate. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
The $e^+e^- \to \pi^+ \pi^- \pi^0 \chi_{bJ}$ ($J=0,~1,~2$) processes are studied using a 118~fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected at a center-of-mass energy of 10.867 GeV, in the $\Upsilon(10860)$ energy range, with the Belle detector.

The $\pi^+ \pi^- \pi^0 \chi_{b1}$, $\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0\chi_{b2}$, $\omega\chi_{b1}$ signals and the evidence of $\omega\chi_{b2}$ are observed for the first time and the cross sections are measured. No significant $\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0\chi_{b0}$ or $\omega\chi_{b0}$ signal is observed and 90\% confidence level upper limits on the cross sections for these two processes are obtained. In the $\pi^+\pi^-\pi^0$ invariant mass spectrum, significant non-$\omega$ signals are also observed.

We search for the $X(3872)$-like state with a hidden $b\bar{b}$ component (named $X_b$) decaying into $\omega \Upsilon(1S)$; no significant signal is observed with a mass between $10.55$ and $10.65$ GeV/$c^2$.
Spatiotemporal light beam dynamics in multimode fibers (MMF) recently has attracted renewed interest in both fundamental physics and various fields of practical application . Recent experiments have shown that, owing to the Kerr effect, a process of beam self-cleaning can be observed in graded-index (GRIN) MMFs. As a result, one observes a robust nonlinear beam, which has a size that is close to the fundamental mode at the fiber output, in contrast to a speckled output beam, which is obtained in the case of the linear regime.
In the Train of the Supreme Governor. Their contents are of great importance for understanding of the representation of power to the society in the period of Kolchak dictatorship

in particular, of ideological design of such an important event as the trip of the Supreme Governor and Supreme Commander A.V.
The object of research was the American mink, a predator, a semi-aquatic representative of the mustelidae family. The study was carried out on an adult population of males and females of the 22 nd generation of different behavioral types and genotypes at the Experimental Fur Farm of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The total number of studied animals was 547 ones of the Standard dark brown (+/+), Hedlund-white (h/h) and black crystal (CR/ +) genotypes. All animals were kept in the same conditions and received food edlibitum (lat. – full) on a unified ratio once a day in the afternoon. The research results were processed using a standard biometric method. The comparison was carried out according to the Student’s test. The aim of this work was to study the course of molting of the American mink depending on the genotype, behavioral character and gender of animals. At the end of August, a visual assessment of the course of molt along the tail was carried out. Points were assigned individually to each animal (from 0 to 5 points). During the study of the molting process of the American mink, it was found that in male aggressors of the black crystal and headlund genotypes, molting proceeded much more intensively than in animals of the standard genotype (by 1.9 and 1.3 points), and in females of the aggressive type of behavior of the standard genotype it was faster than in females of genotypes headlund and black crystal (by 1.8 and 1.6 points). When comparing gender data in animals of different genotypes and behavioral reactions, the best molt course was found in male aggressors of the Hedlund and Black Crystal genotypes in comparison with females of the same genotypes (by 0.6 and 0.5 points, respectively). Due to domestication and selection, changes occur in the economically useful traits of animals. Research in this area makes it possible to study these processes and apply them in practice. Ignoring the biological characteristics of minks creates a threat to the emergence and development of serious abnormalities in metabolism, which can lead to a decrease in productivity and even death.
The analysis of experimental data on the observation of photoresponse in narrow gap semiconductor Pb1–xSnxTe:In films grown by the method of molecular beam epitaxy, exposing samples to the powerful radiation of the Novosibirsk free electron laser (wavelength range of about 70–240 μm) under different measurement conditions, is presented in the paper. Both the positive and negative photoconductivities were detected. In a magnetic field, the resonance-type photoconductivity was observed. The results are discussed within the framework of the model taking into account the existence of different capture levels in PbSnTe.
The article presents results and findings of the research into stratification of the hydrogeological section of western areas of the Yenisei-Khatanga basin localized in the Siberian Arctic zone.

The identified two hydrogeological structural stages in the study area include the Paleozoic (undivided), Triassic, Lower-Middle Jurassic, Upper Jurassic, Neocomian, Aptian-Albian-Cenomanian, Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene-Quaternary water-bearing complexes. There have been recognized as many as eleven aquifers and eleven confining beds formed within the area where the established hydrogeological units are found not ubiquitously distributed, which is associated with the sedimentary basin evolution.

A considerable part of the horizons have failed to be included in the hydrogeological section either due to the erosion processes within the Messoyakha inclined ridge or their pinching out in the borders of the basin.
The food-borne trematode Opisthorchis felineus colonizes bile ducts of the liver of fish-eating mammals including humans. Among chronically infected individuals, this opisthorchiasis involves hepatobiliary problems, including chronic inflammation, periductal fibrosis, biliary intraepithelial neoplasia, and even cholangiocarcinoma. Despite numerous studies at the pathomorphological level, the systemic response and cellular pathogenesis of these disorders are not well studied.

To conduct in-depth research and to gain insights into the mechanism by which O. felineus infection causes precancerous liver lesions, we (i) applied a next-generation-sequencing–based technology (high-throughput mRNA sequencing) to identify differentially expressed genes in the liver of golden hamsters infected with O. felineus at 1 and 3 months postinfection and (ii) verified the most pronounced changes in gene expression by western blotting and immunohistochemistry.

A total of 2151 genes were found to be differentially expressed between uninfected and infected hamsters ("infection" factor), whereas 371 genes were differentially expressed when we analyzed "time × infection" interaction. Cluster analysis revealed that sets of activated genes of cellular pathways were different between acute (1 month postinfection) and chronic (3 months postinfection) opisthorchiasis. This enriched KEGG pathways were "Cell adhesion molecules", "Hippo signaling", "ECM-receptor interaction", "Cell cycle", "TGF-beta", and "P53 signaling". Moreover, epithelial–mesenchymal transition was the most enriched (q-value = 2.2E-07) MSigDB hallmark in the set of differentially expressed genes of all O. felineus–infected animals. Transcriptomic data were supported by the results of western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealing the upregulation of vimentin, N-cadherin, and α-smooth muscle actin postinfection. Our data expand knowledge about global changes in gene expression in the O. felineus–infected host liver and contribute to understanding the biliary neoplasia associated with the liver fluke infection.