Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Volatile components in diamonds, associated garnet (pyrope), and olivine from two extremely rare xenoliths of diamondiferous peridotites recovered from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe in Yakutia, Russia

were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) using a Focus DSQ II Series Single Quadrupole GC–MS (Thermo Scientific, USA). These xenoliths are pyrope lherzolite and pyrope dunite based upon compositions of coexisting minerals. Unlike the pyrope lherzolite, which contained pyrope with moderate calcium (Ca)-component content (about 15 mol%), the dunite contained subcalcic chromium (Cr)-pyrope with low Ca-component content (less than 10 mol%). All investigated minerals contained dominating hydrocarbons and their derivatives represented by aliphatic (paraffins, olefins), cyclic (naphthenes, arenes), oxygenated (alcohols, ethers), and heterocyclic (dioxanes, furans) hydrocarbons; nitrogenated, chlorinated, and sulfonated compounds; carbon dioxide (CO2); and water (H2O). The relative concentration (rel%) of total hydrocarbon was 79.7 rel% for diamonds, 69.1 rel% for garnet, and 92.6 rel% for olivine, with a general amount of components ranging from 161 to 206.

New data on volatiles in diamonds, associated garnet, and olivine suggest the presence of a wide spectrum of hydrocarbons along with nitrogen (N2), CO2, and H2O in some upper mantle areas.
Background . High predisposition to sunburn in childhood and associated increased risk of malignant skin tumors development, decrease with age. There is a likelihood of a relationship between the described trends and dynamic age related changes in functional state of melanocytes and melanin. Aim : to evaluate the level of melanin in the skin in children of different age. Materials and methods. The study involved 78 children aged from 7 to 17 years, without any disorders of skin pigmentation. Three groups of observations were formed: Group 1 - 28 children from 7 to 9 years, Group 2 - 25 children from 10 to 12 years, Group 3 - 25 children from 16 to 17years. The melanin level was evaluated in the skin of face, body and extremities using mexametry. Results . The highest level of skin melanin was observed in forearms and lower legs in all age groups (up to 28.3 ± 10.8, 23.3 ± 8.6 and 26.7 ± 10.6 c.u. in Group 1, 2 and 3 respectively), the lowest - in cheeks and chest (up to 8.0 ± 4.7, 4.4 ± 3.4 and 9.5 ± 4.1 c.u. in Group 1, 2 and 3 respectively). There were relationships between skin site and level of melanin, but no relationships between level of melanin and gender or age. Findings . The level of melanin in the skin in children aged from 7 to 17 years is individual and depends on the location of the skin area, but does not depend on gender or age. The distribution of melanin in the skin is stable and does not change over time.
Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is an aquaglyceroporin expressed in erythrocytes and several other tissues. Erythrocytes are, together with kidney and liver, the main targets for copper toxicity.

Here we report that both water and glycerol permeability of human AQP3 is inhibited by copper. Inhibition is fast, dose-dependent, and reversible. If copper is dissolved in carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer, the natural buffer system in our body, doses in the range of those observed in Wilson disease and in copper poisoning caused significant inhibition. AQP7, another aquaglyceroporin, was insensitive to copper. Three extracellular amino acid residues, Trp128, Ser152, and His241, were identified as responsible for the effect of copper on AQP3. We have previously shown that Ser152 is involved in regulation of AQP3 by pH. When AQP3 was co-expressed with another AQP, only glycerol but not water permeability was inhibited by copper.

The fact that Ser152 mediates regulation of AQP3 by copper may explain the phenomenon of exquisite sensitivity of human erythrocytes to copper at acidic pH. Our results provide a better understanding of processes that occur in severe copper metabolism defects such as Wilson disease and in copper poisoning.
1 Институт автоматики и электрометрии СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия 2 Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет, Новосибирск, Россия ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ВОЛОКОННОГО ВКР-ЛАЗЕРА НА ОСНОВЕ МАССИВА ВОЛОКОННЫХ БРЭГГОВСКИХ РЕШЕТОКВ работе исследована возможность оптимизации длины ВКР-лазера со случайной распределенной обратной связью, реализованной за счет записи массива волоконных брэгговских решеток (ВБР) со случайным набором фаз и амплитуд в пассивном волокне с сохранением поляризации.В результате была идентифицирована и удалена часть массива, вносившая большие потери, при этом длина массива ВБР уменьшилась с 13 до 6,7 м, а количество решеток в массивес 57 до 30.В оптимизированной конфигурации пороговая мощность накачки составляет менее 1 Вт, a генерируемая мощность непрерывного линейно-поляризованного излучения на длине волны 1092 нм составляет около 3 Вт с каждого конца массива при мощности накачки 14 Вт.Ширина линии генерации при максимальной мощности составляет около 80 пм, а в припороговом режиме наблюдается одночастотная генерация с шириной <50 кГц.
Ovothiol A (OSH) is one of the strongest natural antioxidants. So far, its presence was found in tissues of marine invertebrates, algae and fish. Due to very low pKa value of the SH group, under physiological conditions, this compound is almost entirely present in chemically active thiolate form and reacts with ROS and radicals significantly faster than other natural thiols. In biological systems, OSH acts in tandem with glutathione GSH, with OSH neutralizing oxidants and GSH maintaining ovothiol in the reduced state. In the present work, we report the rate constants of OSH oxidation by H2O2 and of reduction of oxidized ovothiol OSSO by GSH and we estimate the Arrhenius parameters for these rate constants. The absorption spectra of reaction intermediates, adduct OSSG and sulfenic acid OSOH, were obtained. We also found that OSH effectively quenches the triplet state of kynurenic acid with an almost diffusion-controlled rate constant. This finding indicates that OSH may serve as a good photoprotector to inhibit the deleterious effect of solar UV irradiation; this assumption explains the high concentrations of OSH in the fish lens. The unique antioxidant and photoprotecting properties of OSH open promising perspectives for its use in the treatment of human diseases.
We present a physicochemical model for the formation of magnetite-chlorite-carbonate rocks with copper gold in the Karabash ultramafic massif in the Southern Urals, Russia. The model was constructed based on the formation geotectonics of the Karabash massif, features of spatial distribution of metasomatically altered rocks in their central part, geochemical characteristics and mineral composition of altered ultramafic rocks, data on the pressure and temperature conditions of formation, and composition of the ore-forming fluids. Magnetite-chlorite-carbonate rocks were formed by the hydrothermal filling of the free space, whereas chloritolites were formed by the metasomatism of the serpentinites. As the source of the petrogenic and ore components, we considered rocks (serpentinites, gabbro, and limestones), deep magmatogenic fluids, probably mixed with metamorphogenic fluids released during dehydration and deserpentinization of rocks in the lower crust, and meteoric waters. The model supports the involvement of sodium chloride-carbon dioxide fluids extracting ore components (Au, Ag, and Cu) from deep-seated rocks and characterized by the ratio of ore elements corresponding to Clarke values in ultramafic rocks. The model calculations show that copper gold can also be deposited during serpentinization of deep-seated olivine-rich rocks and ore fluids raised by the tectonic flow to a higher hypsometric level. The results of our research allow predicting copper gold-rich ore occurrences in ultramafic massifs.
ИОННО-КЛАСТЕРНОЕ ВОЗБУЖДЕНИЕ УРОВНЕЙ АТОМАРНОГО АРГОНА В СМЕСЯХ С МОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫМИ ГАЗАМИ
We report a measurement of the D^{0} and D^{+} lifetimes using D^{0}→K^{-}π^{+} and D^{+}→K^{-}π^{+}π^{+} decays reconstructed in e^{+}e^{-}→cc[over ¯] data recorded by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider. The data, collected at center-of-mass energies at or near the ϒ(4S) resonance, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 72 fb^{-1}. The results, τ(D^{0})=410.5±1.1(stat)±0.8(syst) fs and τ(D^{+})=1030.4±4.7(stat)±3.1(syst) fs, are the most precise to date and are consistent with previous determinations.
In this paper we discuss L. Petrażycki’s idea of norm as a normative relation and show its repercussions in two perspectives connected to each other, in the legal theory in the framework of which it was originally introduced and where its role was straightforward, and in logic where it played a shadowy role of a fresh idea which in his expectation would have been the core of the novel logical theories capable of modelling reasoning in law and morals. We pay attention to the scholarly environment in which Petrażycki has proposed those ideas and to the unlucky fate of his academic legacy which is now being rediscovered.
Hypertension and bronchial asthma are a major issue for people's health. As of 2014, approximately one billion adults, or ~ 22% of the world population, have had hypertension. As of 2011, 235–330 million people globally have been affected by asthma and approximately 250,000–345,000 people have died each year from the disease. The development of the effective treatment therapies against these diseases is complicated by their comorbidity features. This is often a major problem in diagnosis and their treatment.

Hence, in this study the bioinformatical methodology for the analysis of the comorbidity of these two diseases have been developed. As such, the search for candidate genes related to the comorbid conditions of asthma and hypertension can help in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the comorbid condition of these two diseases, and can also be useful for genotyping and identifying new drug targets. Using ANDSystem, the reconstruction and analysis of gene networks associated with asthma and hypertension was carried out. The gene network of asthma included 755 genes/proteins and 62,603 interactions, while the gene network of hypertension - 713 genes/proteins and 45,479 interactions. Two hundred and five genes/proteins and 9638 interactions were shared between asthma and hypertension. An approach for ranking genes implicated in the comorbid condition of two diseases was proposed. The approach is based on nine criteria for ranking genes by their importance, including standard methods of gene prioritization (Endeavor, ToppGene) as well as original criteria that take into account the characteristics of an associative gene network and the presence of known polymorphisms in the analysed genes.

According to the proposed approach, the genes IL10, TLR4, and CAT had the highest priority in the development of comorbidity of these two diseases. Additionally, it was revealed that the list of top genes is enriched with apoptotic genes and genes involved in biological processes related to the functioning of central nervous system. The application of methods of reconstruction and analysis of gene networks is a productive tool for studying the molecular mechanisms of comorbid conditions. The method put forth to rank genes by their importance to the comorbid condition of asthma and hypertension was employed that resulted in prediction of 10 genes, playing the key role in the development of the comorbid condition. The results can be utilised to plan experiments for identification of novel candidate genes along with searching for novel pharmacological targets.
We report on recent results from the Belle detector related to studies of meson properties. They include an observation of new mesons of light quarks in γγ collisions, a discovery of a new D state in the ψ family and observations of new states in the bottomonium family.
Among of modern papers devoted to numerical modeling of rotated waves the greater part of papers are based on assumption that such wave propagates with velocity equals to the Chapman-Jouguet velocity of ideal detonation model with plane front. But the experimental velocities of rotated detonation waves, as a rule, are less (and even much less) the velocity of ideal Chapman-Jouguet detonation. Such regimes are named as low-velocity detonation or quasi-detonation and its characteristics are practically not investigated carefully. Moreover, similar to the spinning detonation, the strong connection of velocity of rotated transverse waves with the acoustic waves of reaction products was observed.

So the new model with an allowance for the losses of impulse and energy must be used at numerical modeling of RDE and new experimental investigations of regimes with understated velocity must be carried out.

In given paper some important aspects of rotated detonation waves and new experimental results are analyzed: the multifront system of rotated waves; correlation of rotation velocity of waves with acoustic characteristics of reaction products; streak-records trajectory of rotated waves on moving film; pressure and temperature profiles of rotating waves; velocity deficit and energy-release.
Experimental data on the nonlinear wave train development in 3D supersonic boundary layer over a 45° swept-wing at Mach number 2 are presented.

Travelling artificial disturbances were introduced in the boundary layer by periodical glow discharge at frequencies 10 and 20 kHz. The method of finding resonant triads demonstrate the presence of several three-wave triads in a wide range of transverse wave numbers for the fundamental frequency.

The appearance of additional peaks in β′-spectra for subharmonic frequency is shown. The experiments indicate the presence of asymmetric subharmonic resonance mechanism in 3D supersonic boundary layer.
The results are compared with experimental data of other authors on evaporation of pure liquids.

This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the evaporation rate of suspended droplets pure water and a binary ethanol-water solution under conditions of forced convection (Re > 100). The evaporation rates of pure water droplets at different velocities of the flowing stream are measured. The dependence of the evaporation rate on the concentration of the less-volatile component is studied and the degree of the speed of the oncoming flow on the evaporation efficiency is estimated.

A generalization of the experimental data shows that with an increase in the velocity of the incoming flow, the rate of evaporation slightly increases, but the change in the parameter A is not linear, and with an increase in the velocity, the rate of its increase noticeably decreases. Note that with the evaporation of ethanol-water solutions, the number of factors influencing the rate of evaporation increases, which complicates the generalization of data and the conduct of computational studies.
Today, the synthesis of biocompatible and bioresorbable composite materials such as 'polymer matrix-mineral constituent,' which stimulate the natural growth of living tissues and the restoration of damaged parts of the body, is one of the challenging problems in regenerative medicine.

In this study, composite films of bioresorbable polymers of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and sodium alginate (SA) with hydroxyapatite (HA) were obtained. HA was introduced by two different methods. In one of them, it was synthesized in situ in a solution of polymer mixture, and in another one, it was added ex situ. Phase composition, microstructure, swelling properties and biocompatibility of films were investigated.

The crosslinked composite PVP-SA-HA films exhibit hydrogel swelling characteristics, increasing three times in mass after immersion in a saline solution. It was found that composite PVP-SA-HA hydrogel films containing HA synthesized in situ exhibited acute cytotoxicity, associated with the presence of HA synthesis reaction byproducts-ammonia and ammonium nitrate. On the other hand, the films with HA added ex situ promoted the viability of dental pulp stem cells compared to the films containing only a polymer PVP-SA blend. The developed composite hydrogel films are recommended for such applications, such as membranes in osteoplastic surgery and wound dressing.
A search for the direct production of the supersymmetric partners of $\tau$-leptons (staus) in final states with two hadronically decaying $\tau$-leptons is presented.

The analysis uses a dataset of $pp$ collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $139$ fb$^{-1}$, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV.

No significant deviation from the expected Standard Model background is observed. Limits are derived in scenarios of direct production of stau pairs with each stau decaying into the stable lightest neutralino and one $\tau$-lepton in simplified models where the two stau mass eigenstates are degenerate. Stau masses from 120 GeV to 390 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for a massless lightest neutralino.
11% of the human genome is composed of Alu-retrotransposons, whose transcription by RNA polymerase III (Pol III) leads to the accumulation of several hundreds to thousands of Alu-RNA copies in the cytoplasm. Expression of Alu-RNA Pol III is significantly increased at various levels of stress, and the increase in the Alu-RNA level is accompanied by a suppression of proliferation, a decrease in viability, and induction of apoptotic processes in human cells. However, the question about the biological functions of Pol III Alu-transcripts, as well as their mechanism of action, remains open. In this work, analogues of Alu-RNA and its evolutionary ancestor, 7SL RNA, were synthesized. Transfection of human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells with the Alu-RNA and 7SL RNA analogues is accompanied by a decrease in viability and by induction of proapoptotic changes in these cells. The analysis of the combined action of these analogues and actinomycin D or tamoxifen revealed that the decreased viability of MCF-7 cells transfected with Alu-RNA and 7SL RNA was due to the modulation of transcription. A whole transcriptome analysis of gene expression revealed that increased gene expression of the transcription regulator NUPR1 (p8), as well as the transcription factor DDIT3 (CHOP), occurs under the action of both the Alu- and 7SL RNA analogues on MCF-7 cells. It has been concluded that induction of proapoptotic changes in human cells under the influence of the Alu-RNA and 7SL RNA analogues is related to the transcriptional activation of the genes of cellular stress factors, including the endoplasmic reticulum stress response factors.
Recent progress in mastering multidimensional nonlinear wave patterns has an interdisciplinary character. It bridges different areas, ranging from nonlinear wave collapse and turbulence phenomena in plasmas, the formation of highly coherent structures, such as solitons in nonlinear optics (so-called "light bullets"), to liquid crystals and Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) [1] – [3] . Such soliton-like structures could provide unprecedented energy condensation, and lead to a breakthrough in the information capacity of photonic networks and multimode microresonators for optical comb generation [4] – [6] . Here we numerically demonstrate that multidimensional wave pattern stabilization can be substantially enhanced by introducing graded dissipation in a multimode fiber (MMF), which is closely connected with the concept of distributed Kerr-lens mode-locking in an all-fiber lasers [7] .
Downhole microseismic monitoring sometimes includes the installation of several downhole surveillance systems. One of the key hardware requirements is accurate synchronization of the records received. Usually this problem is solved at the hardware level, and in the case of ideal observations, additional correction procedures are not required. In some cases, hardware synchronization is lost, and for the correct use of the observed data, it is necessary to compensate for the shift in synchronization; this compensation is also necessary when synchronization information is lost during data storage and transmission.

In this paper, we propose to introduce into inversion an additional parameter responsible for asynchronous recordings and to show that in the case of a simple medium model, this asynchrony can be determined directly from the data.

Here we also investigate the dependence of the accuracy of determining synchronization shifts depending on the complexity of the media and the geometry of the observation system.
We discuss methods for coherently controlling mesoscopic atomic ensembles where the number of atoms varies randomly from one experimental run to the next. The proposed schemes are based on adiabatic passage and Rydberg blockade

and can be used for implementation of a scalable quantum register formed by an array of randomly loaded optical dipole traps.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО РЕАГЕНТА ПРИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ ДОПРОСА НА ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОМ СЛЕДСТВИИСтатья посвящена производству допроса на стадии предварительного следствия с использованием тактических приемов и их комбинаций, в частности с применением психологического реагента как тактического средства, которое нашло широкое применение в правоохранительной деятельности органов США.В работе раскрываются понятие психологического реагента, приемы и способы его применения
There is a new effect that can limit the lifetime of a weakly nonlinear wakefield in a radially bounded plasma.

If the drive beam is narrow, some of the plasma electrons fall out of the collective motion and leave the plasma radially, forming a negatively charged halo around it. These electrons repeatedly return to the plasma under the action of the charge separation field, interact with the plasma wave and cause its damping. The lowest-energy halo electrons take the energy from the wave more efficiently, because their trajectories are bent by the plasma wave towards the regions of the strongest acceleration.

For correct accounting of the wave damping in simulations, it is necessary and sufficient to take the simulation window twice as wide as the plasma.
A variety of optically active nanoscale objects show extremely long correlations in the fluctuations of fluorescence intensity (blinking). Here we performed a systematic study to quantitatively estimate the power spectral density (PSD) of the fluorescence trajectories of colloidal and self-assembled quantum dots (QDs), nanorods (NRs), nanowires (NWs), and organic molecules.

We report for the first time a statistically correct method of PSD estimation suitable for these systems. Our method includes a detailed analysis of the confidence intervals.

The striking similarity in the spectra of these nanoscale systems, including even a 'nonblinking' quantum dot investigated by Wang and collaborators (Nature2009, 459, 685–689), is powerful evidence for the existence of a universal physical mechanism underlying the blinking phenomenon in all of these fluorophores (Frantsuzov et al. Nat. Phys.2008, 4, 519–522). In this paper we show that the features of this universal mechanism can be captured phenomenologically by the multiple recombination center model (MRC) we suggested recently for explaining single colloidal QD intermittency. Within the framework of the MRCs we qualitatively explain all of the important features of fluorescence intensity fluctuations for a broad spectrum of nanoscale emitters.