Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
APOE ε4 allele is most common genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive decline. However, it remains poorly understood why only some carriers of APOE ε4 develop AD and how ethnic variabilities in APOE locus contribute to AD risk.

Here, to address the role of APOE haplotypes, we reassessed the diversity of APOE locus in major ethnic groups and in Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset on patients with AD, and subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and control non-demented individuals. We performed APOE gene haplotype analysis for a short block of five SNPs across the gene using the ADNI whole genome sequencing dataset. The compilation of ADNI data with 1000 Genomes identified the APOE ε4 linked haplotypes. By assessing the DNA methylation profile of the APOE haplotypes, we found that the AD-associated haplotype features elevated APOE CpG content.

The common European ε4-bearing haplotype is associated with AD but not with MCI, and the Africans lack this haplotype. Haplotypic inference revealed alleles that may confer protection against AD. We showed that SNP frequency profiles within APOE locus are highly skewed to population-specific haplotypes, suggesting that the ancestral background within different sites at APOE gene may shape the disease phenotype. We propose that our results can be utilized for more specific risk assessment based on population descent of the individuals and on higher specificity of five site haplotypes associated with AD.
Анализируются возможности мировой и российской угольной генерации с точки зрения сохранения ее позиций в структуре энергетики, ее противостояние современным экономическим, экологическим и технологическим вызовам, среди которых отмечены следующие: борьба с изменением климата и переход к низкоуглеродной энергетике, ведущие к ужесточению экологических требований к выбросам электростанций; рост вводов генерации на основе возобновляемых источников энергии в результате реализации государственных программ их поддержки и кратного снижения стоимости; усиление межтопливной конкуренции с газом (при снижении его цены).

Рассматриваются различные направления расширения присутствия угольной генерации: модернизация теплоэлектростанций, строительство новых станций с учетом чистых угольных технологий (ССТ и HELE), замещение котельных мини-ТЭЦ, строительство энерготехнологических комплексов.

Показано, что технологическое развитие является определяющим для сохранения доли угольных станций как в мире, так и в России. Показано, что в Сибири ввод мощностей других типов генерации маловероятен в качестве альтернативы угольной энергетике. В связи с отсутствием тенденций к росту спроса на электроэнергию в среднесрочной перспективе дальнейшее строительство крупных угольных станций вряд ли возможно без развития энергетических связей с Юго-Восточной Азией.
Background. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of heart rhythm disturbance, leading to the development of lifethreatening conditions, such as cardio embolism, heart failure, and even sudden cardiac death. In recent years, the genetic aspects of AF have been actively discussed. The largest number of genetic predictors of AF was identified after a full genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Given that so far no studies of the association of rs10824026 polymorphism of chromosome 10q22 with the development of AF have been conducted in the Russian population, we conducted this clinical study. Aim. Checking the associations of the development of AF with the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs10824026 of the SYNPO2L gene in the East-Siberian population. Materials and methods. The study design was formed in accordance with the National Standard of the Russian Federation Good Clinical Practice, GOST P 52379-2005. The study uses design - “case-control”. The main group of patients - patients with known cardiac arrhythmias by the type of AF (n=106, average age 57.0±9 years, men 49.4%, women 50.6%), the group was formed using the criteria of the World Health Organization and the European Society of cardiologists. The control group (n=105, average age 57.0±9 years, men - 50.0%, women - 50.0%) was selected by age and gender from the DNA bank of international studies MONICA (Multinational MONItoring of trends and determinants in cardiovascular disease) under a joint agreement with the Research Institute of Therapy and preventive medicine - Novosibirsk. DNA was isolated by phenol-chloroform extraction. Among other things, among the research methods, routine laboratory methods were used; instrumental data; and invasive tactics such as CAG. Results. As a result of clinical genetic testing, it was found that the frequency of G/G polymorphism of the SYNPO2L gene in patients with AF shows a statistically significant difference.
In bulk and thin film state Fe86Mn13C alloy observed experimentally self-assembly of the crystal and magnetic structures on multiscale levels.Offered self-assembly cluster model of atomic structure based on the concept of a liquid-like state of the material in localized areas, formed in the waves of plastic deformation.
The experimental data represented in the bibliography are theoretically analyzed to construct an adequate model for dynamics of an open nonequilibrium living system. It is shown that the viable microorganisms are capable of forming the fractal structure, whose dimensionality is certainly non-integral. In addition, we have attempted to provide a generalized description of the properties of living and nonliving matter (in the addition to that described in work [1]). Relevant published data were used to demonstrate a fractal structure of the space in the vicinity of centrally gravitating bodies with satellites revolving around them along closed trajectories and serving as a kind of testers of the neighboring space. A local violation of its discontinuity is likely to be a necessary (yet not sufficient!) dynamic characteristic of the spatiotemporal continuum for self-organization of molecules into a living, i.e., self-replicating, system.
In 2012, a new jurisdictional body – the Court of the Eurasian Economic Community – began to operate in post-Soviet space. During the almost seven years of activity, from September 2012 to May 2019, the Court primarily dealt with appeals of economic entities who challenged acts of the Eurasian Economic Commission, as well as requests from Member States and the Commission for interpretations of international treaties.

The author substantiates this conclusion and analyzes the Court use of sources of law and evidence; its participation in judicial dialogue; its technique of argumentation; linguistic features of its decisions; procedural and substantive problems faced by the Court, and options for their solution; the practice of presenting separate opinions; legal concepts formulated by the Court, and its overall influence on the development of EAEU law.

On one hand, the decisions of the Court meet basic international standards and contain certain answers to the questions submitted to the Court. On the other hand, they do not draw detailed arguments and clear conclusions and sometimes reflect the Court’s predisposition towards the Commission and Member States. As a result, they successfully perform the task of resolving specific disputes, but do not perform (at least effectively) the general task of strengthening the rule of law of the EAEU. The Court did not formulate major concepts that complement and enrich the law of the EAEU. The ineffective resolution of problems faced by the Court are attributable to subjective and objective reasons – shortcomings of applicable acts, the Court’s isolation from Russian doctrine, the Court’s focus on an internal model of legal proceedings, mistrust on the part of Member States, failure of the Court organizational structure to conform to international standards, and the vertical nature of the EAEU. If these factors are not overcome, and the Court does not change its conduct, it risks becoming a decorative body engaged in explaining provisions that are clear (and will repeat the sad fate of the CIS Economic Court). This prospect is discouraging.
Using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at $\sqrt{s}=7\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $1.0\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$

the ratio of branching fractions of the ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ decay relative to the ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ decay is measured

The Cabibbo-suppressed decay ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ensuremath{-}}{K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ is observed for the first time, and the measured ratio of branching fractions is $\frac{\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ensuremath{-}}{K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})}{\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+})}=(6.47\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.37(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.35(\mathrm{syst}))\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$. A search for orbital excitations of charm mesons contributing to the ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ final state is also performed, and the first observation of the ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{D}}_{1}(2420{)}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decay is reported
Recently, we analyzed genome-wide protein binding data for the Drosophila cell lines S2, Kc, BG3 and Cl.8 (modENCODE Consortium) and identified a set of 12 proteins enriched in the regions corresponding to interbands of salivary gland polytene chromosomes.

Using these data, we developed a bioinformatic pipeline that partitioned the Drosophila genome into four chromatin types that we hereby refer to as aquamarine, lazurite, malachite and ruby.
\noindent A search for the decays $B^0_{s}\rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^- \mu^+ \mu^-$ and $B^0 \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^- \mu^+ \mu^-$ is performed using data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0\ensuremath{\{\,fb}^{-1}}\xspace, collected with the LHCb detector in 2011. The number of candidates observed is consistent with the expected background and, assuming phase-space models of the decays, limits on the branching fractions are set: \{${\ensuremath{\cal B}\xspace}(B^0_{s}\rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^- \mu^+ \mu^-) < 1.6 \ (1.2) \times 10^{-8}$} and \{${\ensuremath{\cal B}\xspace}(B^0 \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^- \mu^+ \mu^-)< 6.6 \ (5.3) \times 10^{-9}$} at 95\,% (90\,%) confidence level. In addition, limits are set in the context of a supersymmetric model which allows for the $B^0_{(s)}$ meson to decay into a scalar ($S$) and pseudoscalar particle ($P$), where $S$ and $P$ have masses of 2.5 GeV and 214.3 MeV, respectively, both resonances decay into $\mu^+\mu^-$. The branching fraction limits for these decays are \{${\ensuremath{\cal B}\xspace}(\ensuremath{B^0_{s}\rightarrow SP}\xspace) < 1.6 \ (1.2) \times 10^{-8}$} and \{${\ensuremath{\cal B}\xspace}(\ensuremath{B^0\rightarrow SP}\xspace)< 6.3 \ (5.1) \times 10^{-9}$} at 95% (90%) confidence level.
The article is devoted to a town book known as Niederstadtbuch.The main attention is paid to the draft version (the so-called Urschrift) of the manuscript of this source, which is stored in the Scientific Library of Tomsk State University.The source, mainly, contains information about loans.The Latin name of the book was "liber debitorum".One of the issues which the article focuses on is proofreading.First of all, the text bears corrections which were of a semantic nature.Of particular importance was the study of the strikethrough positions.Their number is 61 crossed out positions.In the course of the research was established the logic of the records' creation.The creditor personally applied for registration of the record in the office.Cases in which it was stated that the debtor's record was made in the absence of the creditor could most likely be considered an exception to the rule.Most likely, the creditor either initiated the cancellation of the record itself or through its authorized representative.The debtor may also have initiated cancellation, as evidenced by the reference to its being held liable for
It is assumed that the fluid is pumped into the fractured well with the time-periodic flow rate. For the modelling purposes, the length and width of the fracture are assumed to be fixed.

In this paper, one provides a theoretical justification of the possibility of hydraulic fracture parameters determination by using a non-stationary fluid injection. In the case of infinite fracture, one constructs an exact solution that ensures analytical determination of the phase shift in terms of the physical parameters of the problem. In the numerical calculation, the phase shift between pressure and velocity waves is found for a finite fracture.

It is shown that there is a phase shift between waves of fluid pressure and velocity. It is shown that the value of the phase shift depends on the physical parameters and on the fracture geometry. This makes it possible to determine parameters of hydraulic fracture, in particular its length, by the experimental measurement of the time shift and comparison with the numerical solution.
With help of panel data, the paper establishes the relationship between the development of renewable energy and (1) the prices of fossil energy, (2) hydrocarbons production to consumption ratio, (3) corruption index and (4) country technological development factor. All observed factors have shown significant influence on renewable energy consumption. Was received 1% change of price for hydrocarbons causes 1.05% change of RES consumption. In the context of cheap fossil energy resources, fundamental technological restructuring of renewable energy will be required to improve its competitiveness.
Oedaleus decorus is a widely distributed acridid over the Eurasian semi-arid territories, from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast. In many semi-arid territories, O. decorus was and is the most important pest, but in the south-eastern part of West Siberian Plain, it was not considered a pest until the 1960s. We compared two sets of data on the acridid distribution in the region: before 1960 and from 1961 until 2021. Until the 1960s, the species occurred mainly in the southern steppes. Since the 1960s, its distribution changed significantly. Nowadays, it occupies almost all local steppes and the southern part of the forest-steppes and can be also found on the eastern side of the Ob River. These shifts may be explained by both climatic changes and changes in human activities. During upsurges the densities of O. decorus were often more than one to two adults per square meter. It is often abundant in the same habitats and in the same periods as the Italian locust (Calliptamus italicus)-one of the most important acridid pests. This means during joint outbreaks these two species can simultaneously damage almost all spectrum of plants.
We show that the conjugacy problem is solvable in [finitely generated free]-by-cyclic groups, by using a result of O. Maslakova that one can algorithmically find generating sets for the fixed subgroups of free group automorphisms, and one of P. Brinkmann that one can determine whether two cyclic words in a free group are mapped to each other by some power of a given automorphism. The algorithm effectively computes a conjugating element, if it exists. We also solve the power conjugacy problem and give an algorithm to recognize if two given elements of a finitely generated free group are Reidemeister equivalent with respect to a given automorphism.
Siberian and Native American populations have four major haplotype groups (haplogroups A-D) observed in previous studies, with additional mtDNAs belonging to haplogroups G, Y, and Z, formerly called 'Other' mtDNAs.

Analyzed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in 202 individuals from Itel'men and Koryak populations using high resolution restriction (RFLP) analysis and control region (CR) sequencing. Combined data with other Siberian and east Asian populations and subjected to statistical and phylogenetic analysis.

Koryaks and Itel'men have mtDNAs belonging to haplogroups A, C, D, G, Y, and Z. Kamchatka has highest frequencies of haplogroup G, widely distributed in eastern Siberian and adjacent east Asian populations. Haplogroup Y distribution restricted to lower Amur River-Sakhalin Island region. Phylogenetic and statistical analyses show stronger genetic affinities with eastern Siberian/east Asian populations than north Pacific Rim populations, consistent with recent immigration events from Siberian mainland with remnants of ancient Beringian populations.
Lactoferrin (LF) is a Fe 3+ ‐binding glycoprotein, first recognized in milk and then in other human epithelial secretions and barrier fluids. Many different functions have been attributed to LF, including protection from iron‐induced lipid peroxidation, immunomodulation and cell growth regulation, DNA binding, and transcriptional activation. Its physiological role is still unclear, but it has been suggested to be responsible for primary defense against microbial and viral infection. We present evidence that different subfractions of purified human milk LF possess five different enzyme activities: DNase, RNase, ATPase, phosphatase, and malto‐oligosaccharide hydrolysis. LF is the predominant source of these activities in human milk. Some of its catalytically active subfractions are cytotoxic and induce apoptosis. The discovery that LF possesses these activities may help to elucidate its many physiological functions, including its protective role against microbial and viral infection.
Russian scientific schools, as special phenomenon, which formation is a consequence of the cultural and historical development of country, cannot develop in isolation: close interaction between researchers of all levels and ages is necessary. In the conditions of the development of the information society and the emerging knowledge society, not only the involvement of young people in science, but also the interpersonal interaction of young scientists who are representatives of various scientific schools and professional communities is of particular relevance.
The discovery by the ATLAS and CMS experiments of a new boson with mass around 125 GeV and with measured properties compatible with those of a Standard-Model Higgs boson, coupled with the absence of discoveries of phenomena beyond the Standard Model at the TeV scale, has triggered interest in ideas for future Higgs factories. A new circular e+e- collider hosted in a 80 to 100 km tunnel, TLEP, is among the most attractive solutions proposed so far. It has a clean experimental environment, produces high luminosity for top-quark, Higgs boson, W and Z studies, accommodates multiple detectors, and can reach energies up to the t-tbar threshold and beyond. It will enable measurements of the Higgs boson properties and of Electroweak Symmetry-Breaking (EWSB) parameters with unequalled precision, offering exploration of physics beyond the Standard Model in the multi-TeV range. Moreover, being the natural precursor of the VHE-LHC, a 100 TeV hadron machine in the same tunnel, it builds up a long-term vision for particle physics. Altogether, the combination of TLEP and the VHE-LHC offers, for a great cost effectiveness, the best precision and the best search reach of all options presently on the market. This paper presents a first appraisal of the salient features of the TLEP physics potential, to serve as a baseline for a more extensive design study.
Human myelin basic protein (hMBP)-hydrolyzing activity was recently shown to be an intrinsic property of antibodies from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.

Here, we present the first evidence demonstrating a significant diversity of different fractions of polyclonal IgGs (pIgGs) from SLE patients in their affinity for hMBP and in the ability of pIgGs to hydrolyze hMBP at different optimal pH values (5.3–9.5); the pH profiles of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 were unique. IgGs containing the λ-type of light chains demonstrated higher relative activities (RAs) in the hydrolysis of hMBP and its oligopeptides (OPs) than κ-IgGs. IgGs of all four subclasses were catalytically active; their RAs in the hydrolysis of hMBP increased in the following order: IgG4 < IgG2 < IgG3 < IgG1. Metal-dependent proteolytic activity of λ-IgG, IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 was higher than their serine protease-like activity, while these activities of κ-IgG were comparable. Phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride had almost no effect on the activity of IgG4, while EDTA significantly suppressed its activity. The RAs of λ-IgG in the hydrolysis of four OPs corresponding to different cleavage sites of hMBP were remarkably higher than those for κ-IgGs. IgG1–IgG4 demonstrated different RAs and patterns of hydrolysis of these four OPs. Although combination of Ca2+ plus Mg2+ was the best in the activation of IgG1 and IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4 demonstrated the highest activity in the presence of Ca2+ plus Co2+.

The ratio of the RAs of λ-IgG, κ-IgG and IgG1–IgG4 preparations in all analyzed cases was individual for each preparation.
The review contains information about the performances of employees of the Department of Oriental Studies of the Institute for Humanities of Novosibirsk State University and the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography of the SB RAS at international conferences, during which they also visited several important historical museums in northeast China.

The review also touches on the famous Lamaist complexes of Inner Mongolia – Dalelinsi and Wudanzhao, the Hamin Archaeological Park with Neolithic burials, the Museum of Inner Mongolia in Baotou with its ethnographic collections, archaeological and historical materials from the Neolithic and Han eras to the New Age,

as well as the Dafu Private Museum in Chaoyang (Liaoning Province), where the main local cultures of the Neolithic and Paleometal era are represented, many of which have been given the status of national Cultural Heritage of various levels.
Au catalysts with the same particle sizes demonstrate the following order of activity in formic acid decomposition: Au/Al2O3 > Au/ZrO2 ∼ Au/CeO2 > Au/La2O3 > Au/MgO.
The general transcription repressor, TaDr1 gene, was identified during screening of a wheat SNP database using the Amplifluor-like SNP marker KATU-W62. Together with two genes described earlier, TaDr1A and TaDr1B, they represent a set of three homeologous genes in the wheat genome. Under drought, the total expression profiles of all three genes varied between different bread wheat cultivars. Plants of four high-yielding cultivars exposed to drought showed a 2.0-2.4-fold increase in TaDr1 expression compared to controls. Less strong, but significant 1.3-1.8-fold up-regulation of the TaDr1 transcript levels was observed in four low-yielding cultivars. TaVrn1 and TaFT1, which controls the transition to flowering, revealed similar profiles of expression as TaDr1. Expression levels of all three genes were in good correlation with grain yields of evaluated cultivars growing in the field under water-limited conditions. The results could indicate the involvement of all three genes in the same regulatory pathway, where the general transcription repressor TaDr1 may control expression of TaVrn1 and TaFT1 and, consequently, flowering time. The strength of these genes expression can lead to phenological changes that affect plant productivity and hence explain differences in the adaptation of the examined wheat cultivars to the dry environment of Northern and Central Kazakhstan. The Amplifluor-like SNP marker KATU-W62 used in this work can be applied to the identification of wheat cultivars differing in alleles at the TaDr1 locus and in screening hybrids.