Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
FGF21 is a promising candidate for treating obesity, diabetes, and NAFLD; however, some of its pharmacological effects are sex-specific in mice with the Ay mutation that evokes melanocortin receptor 4 blockade, obesity, and hepatosteatosis. This suggests that the ability of FGF21 to correct melanocortin obesity may depend on sex. This study compares FGF21 action on food intake, locomotor activity, gene expression, metabolic characteristics, and liver state in obese Ay males and females. Ay mice were administered FGF21 for seven days, and metabolic parameters and gene expression in different tissues were assessed. Placebo-treated females were more obese than males and had lower levels of blood insulin and liver triglycerides, and higher expression of genes for insulin signaling in the liver, white adipose tissue (WAT) and muscles, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver. FGF21 administration did not affect body weight, and increased food intake, locomotor activity, expression of Fgf21 and Ucp1 in brown fat and genes related to lipolysis and insulin action in WAT regardless of sex; however, it decreased hyperinsulinemia and hepatic lipid accumulation and increased muscle expression of Cpt1 and Irs1 only in males. Thus, FGF21’s beneficial effects on metabolic disorders associated with melanocortin obesity are more pronounced in males.
Рассматривается мотив тайны в календарных рассказах А. П. Чехова 1883-1887 гг.

В ранних рассказах Чехова ((«Кривое зеркало» (1883), «Страшная ночь» (1884), «То была она!» (1886) и др.) мотив тайны связан со стремлением писателя развенчать веру в сверхъестественные начала.Попытки героев узнать свою судьбу, прибегая к гаданиям, приметам, обрядам и различным эзотерическим практикам, оканчиваются «отрезвляющим» столкновением с действительностью.

Мистические явления объясняются посредством логики
The asymmetry in the production cross-section \sigma of D+/- mesons, A_P = (\sigma(D+) - \sigma(D-))/(\sigma(D+) + \sigma(D-)), is measured in bins of pseudorapidity \eta and transverse momentum p_T within the acceptance of the LHCb detector. The result is obtained with a sample of D+ -> K_S pi+ decays corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb^-1, collected in pp collisions at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. When integrated over the kinematic range 2.0 K_S pi+ decay is negligible. No significant dependence on \eta or p_T is observed.
We report on the first Belle search for a light CP-odd Higgs boson, A^{0}, that decays into low mass dark matter, χ, in final states with a single photon and missing energy.

We search for events produced via the dipion transition ϒ(2S)→ϒ(1S)π^{+}π^{-}, followed by the on-shell process ϒ(1S)→γA^{0} with A^{0}→χχ, or by the off-shell process ϒ(1S)→γχχ. Utilizing a data sample of 157.3×10^{6} ϒ(2S) decays, we find no evidence for a signal.

We set limits on the branching fractions of such processes in the mass ranges M_{A^{0}}<8.97 GeV/c^{2} and M_{χ}<4.44 GeV/c^{2}. We then use the limits on the off-shell process to set competitive limits on WIMP-nucleon scattering in the WIMP mass range below 5 GeV/c^{2}.
The work presents the results of evaluation of 150 varieties of sowing peas (Pisum Sativum L.) of different ecological and geographical origin that have not lost their breeding value in recent years by a number of economically valuable signs from the world collection of The N.I. Vavilov All Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources.

The experiment was conducted in 2014–2016. on leached chernozem of the northern foreststeppe of Western Siberia. The weather conditions during the years of research were contrasting. So, in May and July of 2014, precipitation was above the average rainfall, which caused the formation of tall pea plants, especially in the varieties of leafy morphotype. In 2015, the air temperature was above the long-term average annual rate with uneven precipitation. In 2016, the air temperature in May generally corresponded to the long-term average annual rates, but August was characterized by precipitation deficit.

The maximum yield for the years of research was noted in the varieties of leafy morphotype group: Bogatyr (625 g/m2), Kemchug (510 g/m2), and the group with the modified morphotype: Az-318 and Orel (480 g/ m2). Varieties with the modified morphotype Az-318, Sprut-2, Orel, Demos, Yamal proved to be highly resistant to lodging and easy to harvest, due to being adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of Western Siberia. The correlation analysis conducted in 2016 revealed a reliable positive relationship (r = 0.63) between the mass of 1000 grains and the yield. A closer positive relationship was found during all the years of the study between the yield and the number of peapods on the plant (r = 0.48–0.67). A negative dependence was observed between the length of the plant and the yield.
Sophisticated Ramsey-based interrogation protocols using composite laser pulse sequences have been recently proposed to provide next-generation high-precision atomic clocks with a near perfect elimination of frequency shifts induced during the atom-probing field interaction. We propose here a simple alternative approach to the autobalanced Ramsey interrogation protocol and demonstrate its application to a cold-atom microwave clock based on coherent population trapping ($CPT$). The main originality of the method, based on two consecutive Ramsey sequences with different dark periods, is to sample the central Ramsey fringes with frequency jumps finely adjusted by an additional frequency-displacement concomitant parameter, scaling as the inverse of the dark period. The advantage of this displaced frequency-jump Ramsey method is that the local oscillator (LO) frequency is used as a single physical variable to control both servo loops of the sequence, simplifying its implementation and avoiding noise associated with controlling the LO phase. When tested using a $CPT$ cold-atom clock, the DFJR scheme reduces the sensitivity of the clock frequency to variations of the light shifts by more than an order of magnitude compared with the standard Ramsey interrogation. This simple method can be applied in a wide variety of Ramsey-spectroscopy based applications including frequency metrology with $CPT$-based and optical atomic clocks, mass spectrometry, and precision spectroscopy.
The H→ZZ decay mode is usually considered as one of the most promising ways to discover new heavy neutral scalar H. We show that in the Georgi–Machacek model it is possible to get large enhancement of double SM-like Higgs boson production due to H decays while ZZ and WW decay channels could be highly suppressed.
A pulsed source for production of metal atoms and their oxide compounds in a supersonic expansion is described. The design utilizes a simple pulsed valve and produces a concentration of 106–107atomspercm−3 of the desired metal atoms in a molecular beam.

Depending on the carrier gas used, metal compounds at similar concentration levels can also be produced.
We study the effect of magnetic field on the properties of a high-mobility gated two-dimensional electron gas in a field-effect transistor with the Hall bar geometry. When approaching the current saturation when the drain side of the channel becomes strongly depleted, we see a number of unusual effects related to the magnetic field induced redistribution of the electron density in the conducting channel. The experimental results obtained in the nonlinear regime have been interpreted based on the results obtained in the linear regime by a simple theoretical model, which describes quite well our observations.
Nowadays, many scientific organizations of Russia own collections of microorganisms on which large volumes of information have been generated. These data represent the descriptions of objects of diverse nature (bacteria, archaea, fungi, protists) and their properties, which have been carefully collected and cataloged by generations of researchers. Not every organization that has such collections has an open access electronic catalog, which not only complicates work with these unique materials, but also even hides the fact of the existence of such collections. This state of affairs requires the development of electronic resources for presenting these materials to the scientific community.

To put together the information on microorganism collections, we have developed an internet portal (http://www.biores.cytogen.ru/microbes/) of microbial bioresource collections of FASO organizations in the Russian Federation. The portal was created under the project developing the information system for bioresource collections of FASO institutes. It is a platform where collection organizations can place information about the storage units of their collections, as well as other information on collections, including links to their own catalogs. In this paper, we describe the principles of working with the portal. The portal's graphical interface allows users, both registered and unregistered, to receive the following information about collections of microorganisms: a list of collections represented in the database, contact details of the organization and information about the curator of the collection, summary statistics for each collection, as well as information on storage units. Registered users – owners of collections – have the opportunity to create and modify records about the storage units of their collections, and to update their description. To automate work with the portal, software access to the database through the REST API has been implemented (http://api.biores.cytogen.ru/ microbes/).

At present, the portal is still being filled, but it already contains a description of more than 13,000 items of storage (of which 3500 are in the microorganisms' part) of 65 bioresource collections in Russia's FASO organizations. Of these collections, 12 with microorganisms have a total diversity of funds of about 50,000 strains).
In this paper, we study internal waves and stratified flows in the Romanche Fracture Zone of the Mid Atlantic Ridge. Theoretical analysis involves mathematical formulation of stratified flows which uses LADCP- and CTD-data obtained from field observation in the cruises of RV Akademik Sergey Vavilov. We discuss the 2.5-layer model of the fluid with exponential stratification of both layers. The long-wave approximate model describing travelling waves is constructed by means of scaling procedure with a small Boussinesq parameter. It is demonstrated that solitary wave regimes can be affected by the Kelvin — Helmholtz instability arising due to interfacial velocity shear in upstream flow.
A Mongolian era female headdress of the bocca type is described. It was found in 2015, in a burial at Krokhalevka-5, in the Novosibirsk region of the Ob. The undisturbed burial of an adult female belongs to a group of contemporaneous medieval graves under a large mound 75 and dates to the 13th to 14th centuries.

We describe the birch-bark frame (cylindrical base, frontal plate, and cover) and the decorative items (large glass and stone beads, small glass beads, and a bronze earring) with regard to field conservation and subsequent restoration. The size and shape of the headdress are reconstructed.

It is one of the northern specimens of the Mongolian and Tian Shan bocca type, and its parallels are known from archaeological finds and written descriptions. Bocca, an attribute of a married woman, had ritual and mundane functions and several meanings. Like the silk items found in the burial, the bocca was a prestigious imported object marking the high status of the woman and of other individuals buried under the same mound. It evidences ties between the local elite and the steppe dwellers––members of the imperial Mongol culture.
We study the free boundary problem for the plasma-vacuum interface in ideal compressible magnetohydrodynamics. Unlike the classical statement, when the vacuum magnetic field obeys the div-curl system of pre-Maxwell dynamics, we do not neglect the displacement current in the vacuum region and consider the Maxwell equations for electric and magnetic fields. We show that a sufficiently large vacuum electric field can make the planar interface violently unstable. We find and analyze a sufficient condition on the vacuum electric field that precludes violent instabilities. Under this condition satisfied at each point of the unperturbed nonplanar plasma-vacuum interface, we prove the well-posedness of the linearized problem in anisotropic weighted Sobolev spaces.
Genome-wide association studies have provided a vast array of publicly available SNP × phenotype association results. However, they are often in disparate repositories and formats, making downstream analyses difficult and time consuming.

PheLiGe (https://phelige.com) is a database that provides easy access to such results via a web interface. The underlying database currently stores >75 billion genotype-phenotype associations from 7347 genome-wide and 1.2 million region-wide (e.g. cis-eQTL) association scans. The web interface allows for investigation of regional genotype-phenotype associations across many phenotypes, giving insights into the biological function affected by the variant in question.

Furthermore, PheLiGe can compare regional patterns of association between different traits. This analysis can ascertain whether a co-association is due to pleiotropy or linkage. Moreover, comparison of association patterns for a complex trait of interest and gene expression and protein levels can implicate causal genes.
The first observation of the ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{D}}^{0}{K}_{S}^{0}$ decay mode and evidence for the ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{D}}^{*0}{K}_{S}^{0}$ decay mode are reported. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $3.0\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ collected in $pp$ collisions by LHCb at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The branching fractions are measured to be $\mathcal{B}({B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{D}}^{0}{\overline{K}}^{0})=[4.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3(\mathrm{frag})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6(\mathrm{norm})]\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathcal{B}({B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{D}}^{*0}{\overline{K}}^{0})=[2.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.0(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3(\mathrm{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2(\mathrm{frag})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4(\mathrm{norm})]\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4},$where the uncertainties are due to contributions coming from statistical precision, systematic effects, and the precision of two external inputs, the ratio ${f}_{s}/{f}_{d}$ and the branching fraction of ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{D}}^{0}{K}_{S}^{0}$, which is used as a calibration channel.
SABRE (Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange) has become a widely used method for hyper-polarizing nuclear spins, thereby enhancing their Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) signals by orders of magnitude. In SABRE experiments, the non-equilibrium spin order is transferred from parahydrogen to a substrate in a transient organometallic complex. The applicability of SABRE is expanded by the methodology of SABRE-relay in which polarization can be relayed to a second substrate either by direct chemical exchange of hyperpolarized nuclei or by polarization transfer between two substrates in a second organometallic complex. To understand the mechanism of the polarization transfer and study the transfer efficiency, we propose a theoretical approach to SABRE-relay, which can treat both spin dynamics and chemical kinetics as well as the interplay between them. The approach is based on a set of equations for the spin density matrices of the spin systems involved (i.e., SABRE substrates and complexes), which can be solved numerically. Using this method, we perform a detailed study of polarization formation and analyze in detail the dependence of the attainable polarization level on various chemical kinetic and spin dynamic parameters. We foresee the applications of the present approach for optimizing SABRE-relay experiments with the ultimate goal of achieving maximal NMR signal enhancements for substrates of interest.
Ru supported on mesoporous carbon Sibunit and microporous zeolites (HZSM-5, SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 = 250; H-Beta, SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 = 30; H-Y, SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 = 5; H-USY, SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 = 30) synthesized by the sol-gel method (CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune India) were prepared by impregnation of the corresponding supports with RuCl 3 ∙nH 2 O (0.1 M) followed by reduction in H 2 . Catalyst screening in levulinic acid (LA) (15 mL, 6.9 mmol) hydrogenation into g-valerolactone (GVL) with 1,4-dioxane (165°C, hydrogen pressure ca . 16 bar) as a solvent showed higher activity and selectivity to GVL of Ru/zeolites compared to carbon supported catalysts. Among Ru/zeolites LA conversion increased as follows Ru/HZSM-5 < Ru/H-Y < Ru/H-USY < Ru/H-Beta demonstrating a clear advantage of H-Beta preparation method. Optimization of the support microstructure and acidity opens a reliable way for selective catalytic LA hydrogenation to GVL. The catalysts were analyzed by TEM, XRD, H 2 -TPR and N 2 physisorption to compare their physical chemical properties.
A new technique for ion identification in Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) has been proposed by measuring the ion track ranges using a low-pressure TPC. As a proof of principle, a low-pressure TPC with charge readout using a THGEM multiplier was developed. The tracks of alpha particles from various radioactive sources were successfully recorded in the TPC. The track ranges were measured with a high accuracy, reaching the 2% resolution level. Using these results and the SRIM code simulation, it is shown that the isobaric boron and beryllium ions can be effectively separated at ten sigma level. It is expected that this technique will be applied in the AMS facility in Novosibirsk for dating geological objects, in particular for the geochronology of Cenozoic Era.
Known models of the Universe development are discussed in the present work. At present it is not possible to state what model is true among the suggested ones because all models are based on the assumptions a validity of which is scarcely determined. There are plenty of reasons, and the most important ones are impossibility of experiments performance on a global scale, very short time of nature study and low accuracy of determination of fundamental phy- sical constants to check their possible drift. In the most of models the intellect is an unnecessary attribute. Mankind is only an inner insignificant observer in the Universe. Small changes which Humanity can produce on the Earth don’t modify our planet on a global scale. However besides changes in the material world Mankind can create intellectual valuables. Large information content can be stored, integrate and process using computers. We have no any principle restrictions in advance of the com- puter engineering. Therefore we propose a new model of the Universe development which is based on the increasing facilities of our Mankind. In this model the Earth is considered as an analogue of supercomputer. Under certain circumstances Mankind is ready to carry out information processing for other civilizations, but such civilizations have not yet been found. The Creators of the Universe could be other customers. Computer-like model of the Universe suggests a communication with the Creators in future for execution of their calculation orders. However this model is not complete because of lack of high rate of information transfer for long distances.
Using $535\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B$-meson pairs collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider

we measure branching fractions and perform amplitude analyses to determine the resonant structure of the ${K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ final state in ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}{K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$

find that the ${K}_{1}(1270)$ is a prominent component of both decay modes, with significant interference among different intermediate states leading to distortion of the $\ensuremath{\rho}$ line shape due to the $\ensuremath{\omega}$, and measure mass and width parameters for the ${K}_{1}(1270)$
The paper describes a method of the charged particle identification, developed for the \mbox{CMD-3} detector, installed at the VEPP-2000 $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider.

The method is based on the application of the boosted decision trees classifiers, trained for the optimal separation of electrons, muons, pions and kaons in the momentum range from 100 to $1200~{\rm MeV}/c$. The input variables for the classifiers are linear combinations of the energy depositions of charged particles in 12 layers of the liquid xenon calorimeter of the \mbox{CMD-3}. The event samples for training of the classifiers are taken from the simulation. Various issues of the detector response tuning in simulation and calibration of the calorimeter strip channels are considered.

Application of the method is illustrated by the examples of separation of the $e^+e^-(\gamma)$ and $\pi^+\pi^-(\gamma)$ final states and of selection of the $K^+K^-$ final state at high energies.
Mechanisms that ensure repair of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) are instrumental in the integration of foreign DNA into the genome of transgenic organisms. After pronuclear microinjection, exogenous DNA is usually found as a concatemer comprising multiple co-integrated transgene copies. Here, we investigated the contribution of various DSB repair pathways to the concatemer formation. We injected mouse zygotes with a pool of linear DNA molecules carrying unique barcodes at both ends and obtained 10 transgenic embryos with 1–300 transgene copies. Sequencing the barcodes allowed us to assign relative positions to the copies in concatemers and detect recombination events that occurred during integration. Cumulative analysis of approximately 1,000 integrated copies reveals that over 80% of them underwent recombination when their linear ends were processed by synthesis-dependent strand annealing (SDSA) or double-strand break repair (DSBR). We also observed evidence of double Holliday junction (dHJ) formation and crossing over during the concatemer formations. Sequencing indels at the junctions between copies shows that at least 10% of DNA molecules introduced into the zygotes are ligated by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Our barcoding approach, verified with Pacific Biosciences Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) long-range sequencing, documents high activity of homologous recombination after DNA microinjection.