Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
We studied cavitating flow over the suction side of a symmetric 2D foil - a scaled-down model of high-pressure hydroturbine guide vanes (GV) - in different cavitation regimes at several attack angles.

High-speed imaging was used to analyze spatial patterns and time dynamics of the gas-vapor cavities, as well as for evaluating the characteristic integral parameters. A hydroacoustic pressure transducer was employed to register time-spectra of pressure fluctuations behind the hydrofoil and, thereby, determine dedicated frequencies of unsteady regimes. A PIV technique was applied to measure the velocity fields and its fluctuations, which were compared for the free and forced flow conditions. The active flow control was implemented by means of a continuous liquid supply with different flow rates through a slot channel located in the GV surface at the distance of 60% of the chord length from the foil leading edge.

It was found that the active mass injection does not influence the primary flow upstream of the slot channel position absolutely. At small angles of incidence, the injection flow at velocities in the range between zero to 0.76 of the mean bulk velocity was observed not to practically influence the distributions of turbulent characteristics so that the global difference is only between the free and forced flow conditions. For cavitation-free and cavitation inception cases, the active mass injection was shown to make the flow turbulence structure more developed and the wake past the GV section more intense. However, the active flow control system considered also allows a favorable and efficient flow manipulation, especially at the regimes with developed gas-vapor cavities. Moreover, the active flow management makes it possible to reduce substantially the amplitude or totally suppress the periodic cavity length oscillations and pressure pulsations associated with them.
The present paper reports on the investigation of fuel-lean and fuel-rich turbulent combustion in a high-swirl jet. Swirl rate of the flow exceeded a critical value for breakdown of the swirling jet's vortex core and formation of the recirculation zone at the jet axis. The measurements were performed by the stereo PIV, OH PLIF and HCHO PLIF techniques, simultaneously. The Reynolds number based on the flow rate and viscosity of the air was fixed as 5 000 (the bulk velocity was U0 = 5 m/s). Three cases of the equivalence ratio ϕ of the mixture issuing from the nozzle-burner were considered, viz., 0.7, 1.4 and 2.5. The latter case corresponded to a lifted flame of fuel-rich swirling jet flow, partially premixed with the surrounding air. In all cases the flame front was subjected to deformations due to large-scale vortices, which rolled-up in the inner (around the central recirculation zone) and outer (between the annular jet core and surrounding air) mixing layers.
Uakitite was observed in small troilite–daubréelite (±schreibersite) inclusions (up to 100 µm) and in large troilite–daubréelite nodules (up to 1 cm) in Fe-Ni-metal (kamacite) of the Uakit iron meteorite (IIAB), Republic of Buryatia, Russia. Such associations in the Uakit meteorite seemed to form due to high-temperature (>1000 °C) separation of Fe-Cr-rich sulfide liquid from Fe-metal melt. Most inclusions represent alternation of layers of troilite and daubréelite, which may be a result of solid decay of an initial Fe-Cr-sulfide. These inclusions are partially resorbed and mainly located in fissures of the meteorite, which is now filled with magnetite, and rarely other secondary minerals. Phase relations indicate that uakitite is one of the early minerals in these associations. It forms isometric (cubic) crystals (in daubréelite) or rounded grains (in schreibersite). The size of uakitite grains is usually less than 5 μm. It is associated with sulfides (daubréelite, troilite, grokhovskyite), schreibersite and magnetite. Carlsbergite CrN, a more abundant nitride in the Uakit meteorite, was not found in any assemblages with uakitite. Physical and optical properties of uakitite are quite similar to synthetic VN: yellow and transparent phase with metallic luster; Mohs hardness: 9–10; light gray color with a pinky tint in reflected light; density (calc.) = 6.128 g/cm3. Uakitite is structurally related to the osbornite group minerals: carlsbergite CrN and osbornite TiN. Structural data were obtained for three uakitite crystals using the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. Fitting of the EBSD patterns for a synthetic VN model (cubic, Fm-3m, a = 4.1328(3) Å; V = 70.588(9) Å3; Z = 4) resulted in the parameter MAD = 0.14–0.37° (best-good fit). Analytical data for uakitite (n = 54, in wt. %) are: V, 71.33; Cr, 5.58; Fe, 1.56; N, 21.41; Ti, below detection limit (<0.005). The empirical formula (V0.91Cr0.07Fe0.02)1.00N1.00 indicates that chromium incorporates in the structure according to the scheme V3+ → Cr3+ (up to 7 mol. % of the carlsbergite end-member).
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) is an important DNA repair enzyme in humans, and a current and promising inhibition target for the development of new chemosensitizing agents due to its ability to remove DNA damage caused by topoisomerase 1 (Top1) poisons such as topotecan and irinotecan.

Herein, we report our work on the synthesis and characterization of new Tdp1 inhibitors that combine the arylcoumarin (neoflavonoid) and monoterpenoid moieties. Our results showed that they are potent Tdp1 inhibitors with IC50 values in the submicromolar range. In vivo experiments with mice revealed that compound 3ba (IC50 0.62 µM) induced a significant increase in the antitumor effect of topotecan on the Krebs-2 ascites tumor model.

Our results further strengthen the argument that Tdp1 is a druggable target with the potential to be developed into a clinically-potent adjunct therapy in conjunction with Top1 poisons.
Dicarboxylic acids, HOOC-(CH2) n -COOH, are interesting compounds from the structural point of view [1].A very long one-dimensional chain can be obtained through hydrogen bond formation at both ends of the molecule.These compounds configure layered structures in the solid state, as well as most of the polymorphic phases of long-chain compounds, such as n-alkanes, n-alcohols, and n-fatty acids.Dicarboxylic acids exhibit interesting thermal properties and a high enthalpy of melting that make them potential candidates for their use in the field of thermal protection and energy storage.Dimorphism was prevalent in odd carbon members of dicarboxylic acids while one form is only present for even members: α form P2 1 /c with Z=4 and β form C2/c with Z=4.

High-quality x-ray powder diffraction analyses of pentadecanedioic acid (C 15 H 28 O 4 ) have been carried as a function of temperature.A new form, called γ has been observed just before melting: γ form C2/c with Z=4 at 383K.The packing arrangement of the carboxyl groups at both end of the chain is different in the three forms.From the structural point of view for γ form the distance interlayer is intermediate between α and β distances.Crystal structure of the pentadecanedioic acid is presented.The carboxyl's group in α form shows two different angles with middle plain of the chain.The packing arrangement of α and γ forms are radically different even if the molecular conformation are cis in both cases.

A reversible transition from β form to γ form was observed before melting.Slurry experiments indicate that β is the most stable form at room temperature.
The wide-angle Cherenkov array TAIGA-HiSCORE (FOV $\sim$0.6 ster), was originally buit as part of the TAIGA installation for high-energy gamma-ray astronomy and cosmic ray physics. It was proven that the array can also be used to search for nanosecond events in the optical range. This report discusses the method of searching for optical transients using the HiSCORE array and demonstrates its performance on a real example of detecting signals from a man-made Earth satellite. Search for short flares in the HiSCORE data of winter season 2018-2019 is carried out. One candidate for double optical repeater has been detected, but the estimated probability of a random chance of such a transient by background EAS is 78\%. An upper limit on the probability of optical spikes with flux density of more than $10^{-4} \mathrm{erg/sec/cm}^2$ and a duration more than 5 ns is established as $\sim 2 \times 10^{-3}$ events/sr/hour.
This article describes the synthesis, structures and systematic study of the spectroscopic and redox properties of a series of octahedral molybdenum metal cluster complexes with aromatic sulfonate ligands (nBu4N)2[{Mo6X8}(OTs)6] and (nBu4N)2[{Mo6X8}(PhSO3)6] (where X- is Cl-, Br- or I-; OTs- is p-toluenesulfonate and PhSO3- is benzenesulfonate).

All the complexes demonstrated photoluminescence in the red region and an ability to generate singlet oxygen. Moreover, cyclic voltammetric studies revealed that (nBu4N)2[{Mo6X8}(OTs)6] and (nBu4N)2[{Mo6X8}(PhSO3)6] confer enhanced stability towards electrochemical oxidation relative to corresponding starting complexes (nBu4N)2[{Mo6X8}X6].

Notably, the highest quantum yields (>0.6) and narrowest emission bands were found for complexes with a {Mo6I8}4+ cluster core.
Statistical analysis of massive datasets very often implies expensive linear algebra operations with large dense matrices. Typical tasks are an estimation of unknown parameters of the underlying statistical model and prediction of missing values.

We developed the H-MLE procedure, which solves these typical tasks. The unknown parameters can be estimated by maximizing the joint Gaussian log-likelihood function, which depends on a covariance matrix. To decrease the high computational cost, we approximate the covariance matrix in the hierarchical (H-) matrix format, which has only a log-linear computational cost. The H-matrix technique allows inhomogeneous covariance matrices and almost arbitrary locations. Especially, H-matrices can be applied in cases when the matrices under consideration are dense and unstructured. For validation purposes, we implemented three machine learning methods: the kNN, random forest, and deep neural network.

The best results (for the given datasets) were obtained by the kNN method with three or seven neighbors depending on the dataset. The results computed with the H-MLE method were compared with the results obtained by the kNN method. The developed H-matrix code and all datasets are freely available online.
Experimental and epidemiological studies suggest a protective role for vitamin D in colorectal carcinogenesis, but evidence is inconclusive.

Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations that minimize risk are unknown.

Current Institute of Medicine (IOM) vitamin D guidance is based solely on bone health.
The living cell DNA is under permanent attack of a variety of exogenous and endogenous damaging factors. Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is main pathway which removes a wide variety of bulky DNA adducts formed by UV light, electrophilic environmental mutagens, and chemotherapeutic agents. NER process in mammalian cells consistently leads to the very specific excision of damaged DNA fragments 24-32 nucleotides in length. The following DNA repair synthesis and DNA ligation restore intact DNA helix. The main set of the genes inactivated in NER-deficient higher eukaryotic cells was identified; about 30 proteins are involved in the specific multi-subunit complexes responsible for NER process. The specific NER feature is wide substrate specificity and great difference of damages elimination efficiencies. A key limiting step in NER is damage recognition and verification.

One of the advanced and upcoming approaches to NER process investigation is based on the application of model DNAs - artificial DNA structures, which are analogs of substrate or intermediates of the repair process.

This article reviews our current knowledge concerning the model DNA design, synthesis and application as a tool for the NER process comprehensive study.
We consider some implications of the mass defect on the frequency of atomic transitions.

We have found that some well-known frequency shifts (the gravitational shift and motion-induced shifts such as quadratic Doppler and micromotion shifts) can be interpreted as consequences of the mass defect in quantum atomic physics, i.e. without the need for the concept of time dilation used in special and general relativity theories.

Moreover, we show that the inclusion of the mass defect leads to previously unknown shifts for clocks based on trapped ions.
Pluripotency is maintained by a complex system that includes the genetic and epigenetic levels. Recent studies have shown that the genetic level (transcription factors, signal pathways, and microRNAs) closely interacts with the enzymes and other specific proteins that participate in the formation of the chromatin structure. The interaction between the two systems results in the unique chromatin state observed in pluripotent cells.

In this review, the epigenetic features of embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells are considered. Special attention is paid to the interplay of the transcription factors OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG with the Polycomb group proteins and other molecules involved in the regulation of the chromatin structure.

The participation of the transcription factors of the pluripotency system in the inactivation of the X chromosome is discussed. In addition, the epigenetic events taking place during reprogramming of somatic cells to the pluripotent state and the problem of 'epigenetic memory' are considered.
An Ag I dimer capped with labile organometallic diphosphorus ligands [Cp 2 Mo 2 (CO) 4 (η 2 ‐P 2 )] (Cp=C 5 H 5 ) acts as a highly pre‐organized molecular precursor

to direct the construction of 1D or 2D, and 3D organometallic–organic hybrid coordination polymers upon reaction with ditopic pyridine‐based linkers. The mechanism is supported by DFT calculations.

The formation of the supramolecular aggregates can be controlled by the stoichiometry of the organic molecules
This article describes a determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $|{V}_{cb}|$ from the decay ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\ell}}$ using $711\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of Belle data collected near the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance. We simultaneously measure the product of the form factor normalization $\mathcal{F}(1)$ and the matrix element $|{V}_{cb}|$ as well as the three parameters ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{2}$, ${R}_{1}(1)$ and ${R}_{2}(1)$, which determine the form factors of this decay in the framework of the heavy quark effective theory. The results, based on about 120 000 reconstructed ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\ell}}$ decays, are ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{2}=1.214\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.034\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.009$, ${R}_{1}(1)=1.401\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.034\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.018$, ${R}_{2}(1)=0.864\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.024\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.008$ and $\mathcal{F}(1)|{V}_{cb}|=(34.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.0)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. The branching fraction of ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\ell}}$ is measured at the same time; we obtain a value of $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\ell}})=(4.58\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.26)%$. The errors correspond to the statistical and systematic uncertainties. These results give the most precise determination of the form factor parameters and $\mathcal{F}(1)|{V}_{cb}|$ to date. In addition, a direct, model-independent determination of the form factor shapes has been carried out.
МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ТКАНЕВОГО МИКРОРАЙОНА ЩИТОВИДНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ ПРИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОМ ГИПОТИРЕОЗЕОльга Владимировна ГОРЧАКОВА 1
A search for new physics in energetic, high-multiplicity final states has been performed using proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 inverse femtobarns. The standard model background, dominated by multijet production, is determined exclusively from control regions in data.

No statistically significant excess of events is observed. Model-independent limits on the product of the cross section and the acceptance of a new physics signal in these final states are set and further interpreted in terms of limits on the production of black holes.

Semiclassical black holes and string balls with masses as high as 9.5 TeV, and quantum black holes with masses as high as 9.0 TeV are excluded by this search in the context of models with extra dimensions, thus significantly extending limits set at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the LHC Run 1 data.
The evolution of surface band bending and the probabilities of electron emission in a vacuum are studied under cesium and oxygen deposition on atomically flat and rough As-rich and Ga-rich GaAs (001) surfaces by means of photoreflectance spectroscopy and photoemission quantum-yield spectroscopy.

On the rough surface, as compared to the flat one, the suppression of non-monotonic Cs-induced band bending variations is observed, along with the overall band bending increase. Multiple repeated activations of the GaAs (001) surface by cesium and oxygen followed by vacuum anneals led to an increase in the root-mean-square roughness from Rq ˜ 0.1-0.2 nm up to ˜ 3 nm.

As a result, the probability of electron escape into vacuum decreased by half.
Soybean, Glycine max L., is one of the most important agricultural crops grown in a wide range of latitude. In this regard, in soybean breeding, it is necessary to pay attention to the set of genes that control the transition to the flowering stage, which will make it possible to adapt genotypes to local growing conditions as accurately as possible. The possibilities of soybean breeding for this trait have now significantly expanded due to identification of the main genes (E1-E4, GmFT2a, GmFT5a) that control the processes of flowering and maturation in soybean, depending on the day length.

The aim of this work was to develop a panel of markers for these genes, which could be used for a rapid and efficient genotyping of domestic soybean cultivars and selection of plant material based on sensitivity to photoperiod and the duration of vegetation. Combinations of 10 primers, both previously developed and our own, were tested to identify different alleles of the E1-E4, GmFT2a, and GmFT5a genes using 10 soybean cultivars from different maturity groups.

As a result, 5 combinations of dominant and recessive alleles for the E1-E4 genes were identified: (1) e1-nl(e1-as)/e2-ns/e3-tr(e3-fs)/e4; (2) e1-as/e2-ns/e3-tr/E4; (3) e1-as/e2-ns/E3-Ha/e4; (4) E1/e2-ns/e3-tr/E4; (5) e1-nl/e2-ns/E3-Ha/E4. The studied cultivars contained the most common alleles of the GmFT2a and GmFT5a genes, with the exception of the 'Cassidi' cultivar having a rare dominant allele GmFT5a-H4. The degree of earliness of cultivars positively correlated with the number of recessive genes E1-E4, which is consistent with the data of foreign authors on different sets of cultivars from Japan and North China. Thus, the developed panel of markers can be successfully used in the selection of soybean for earliness and sensitivity to photoperiod.
The Tunka-Grande array is part of a single experimental complex, which also includes the Tunka-133 and TAIGA-HiScORE (High Sensitivity COsmic Rays and gamma Explorer) wide-angle Cherenkov arrays, TAIGA-IACT array (Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope) and TAGA-MUON scintillation array. This complex is located in the Tunka Valley (Buryatia Republic, Russia), 50 km from Lake Baikal.

It is designed to study the energy spectrum and the mass composition of charged cosmic rays in the energy range 100 TeV - 1000 PeV, to search for diffuse gamma rays above 100 TeV and to study local sources of gamma rays with energies above 30 TeV. This report outlines 3 key points. The first is the description of the Tunka-Grande scintillation array. The second one presents the computer simulation strategy of the Tunka Grande array based on the Geant4 software.

The third one is devoted to the prospects for future research in the field of cosmic ray physics and gamma-ray astronomy using simulation results.
We perform a detailed quantitative numerical analysis of a partially coherent quasi-cw fiber laser on the example of a high-Q normal dispersion cavity Raman fiber laser. The key role of precise spectral performances of fiber Bragg gratings forming the laser cavity is clarified. It is shown that cross-phase modulation between the pump and Stokes waves does not affect the generation. Amplitudes of different longitudinal modes strongly fluctuate, obeying the Gaussian distribution. As the intensity statistics is noticeably nonexponential, longitudinal modes should be correlated.
Ranaviruses are a group of double-strand DNA viruses that infect fish, amphibians and reptiles. These viruses are responsible for mass fish and amphibian mortality events worldwide, both in the wild and at fish and amphibian farms. The number of detected epizootics has grown significantly in recent years. In Eastern Europe and Northern Asia, including Russia, very few ranavirus monitoring studies have been conducted, in contrast with Western Europe and America.

In the present work, we used a qPCR assay to survey for the first time the amphibian populations of West Siberia (Russia) for the presence of ranaviruses. In total, we studied 252 tissue samples from six amphibian species, collected across West Siberia from the south to the Arctic regions.

We report a single infected sample: a common toad ( Bufo bufo ) captured near Tyumen city. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the detected virus strain belongs to the CMTV lineage. This is only the second observation of Ranavirus in Russia.
This decay proceeds mainly via a $b\ensuremath{\rightarrow}sd\overline{d}$ ``penguin'' amplitude. The value for the $CP$-violating parameter $\mathrm{sin}2{\ensuremath{\phi}}_{1}^{\text{eff}}$ is consistent with that obtained using decay modes proceeding via a $b\ensuremath{\rightarrow}c\overline{c}s$ ``tree'' amplitude.

We report a measurement of time-dependent $CP$ violation in ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}_{S}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ decays using a data sample of $772\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}\text{ }\text{ }B\overline{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle experiment running at the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4S)$ resonance at the KEKB ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider.

The results are $\mathrm{sin}2{\ensuremath{\phi}}_{1}^{\text{eff}}=0.9{2}_{\ensuremath{-}0.31}^{+0.27}$ (stat.) $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.11$ (syst.) and $\mathcal{A}=0.28\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.21$ (stat.) $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04$ (syst.), which are the most precise measurements of $CP$ violation in this decay mode to date.
This work presents results on CO2 hydrogenation to dimethyl ether (DME) over bifunctional catalysts consisting of In2O3, supported on natural clay halloysite nanotubes (HNT), and HNT modified with Al-MCM-41 silica arrays.

The catalysts were characterized by TEM, STEM, EDX-mapping, NH3-TPD, XRD, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, TPO, and H2-TPR techniques. Catalytic properties of In2O3/HNT and In2O3/Al-MCM-41/HNT in the CO2 hydrogenation to DME were investigated in a fixed-bed continuous flow stainless steel reactor at 10–40 atm, in the temperature range of 200–300°C, at GHSV = 12,000 h−1 and molar ratio of H2:CO2 = 3:1.

The best catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation was In2O3/Al-MCM-41/HNT that provided DME production rate 0.15 g DME ·(g cat ·h)−1 with DME selectivity 53% and at 40 bar, GHSV = 12,000 h−1, and T = 250°C. It was shown that In2O3/Al-MCM-41/HNT exhibited stable operation for at least 40 h on stream.