Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) organizes the classification of viruses into taxa, but is not responsible for the nomenclature for taxa members. International experts groups, such as the ICTV Study Groups, recommend the classification and naming of viruses and their strains, variants, and isolates. The ICTV Filoviridae Study Group has recently introduced an updated classification and nomenclature for filoviruses. Subsequently, and together with numerous other filovirus experts, a consistent nomenclature for their natural genetic variants and isolates was developed that aims at simplifying the retrieval of sequence data from electronic databases. This is a first important step toward a viral genome annotation standard as sought by the US National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).

Here, this work is extended to include filoviruses obtained in the laboratory by artificial selection through passage in laboratory hosts. The previously developed template for natural filovirus genetic variant naming ( ///-) is retained, but it is proposed to adapt the type of information added to each field for laboratory animal-adapted variants. For instance, the full-length designation of an Ebola virus Mayinga variant adapted at the State Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology "Vector" to cause disease in guinea pigs after seven passages would be akin to "Ebola virus VECTOR/C.porcellus-lab/COD/1976/Mayinga-GPA-P7".

As was proposed for the names of natural filovirus variants, we suggest using the full-length designation in databases, as well as in the method section of publications. Shortened designations (such as "EBOV VECTOR/C.por/COD/76/May-GPA-P7") and abbreviations (such as "EBOV/May-GPA-P7") could be used in the remainder of the text depending on how critical it is to convey information contained in the full-length name. "EBOV" would suffice if only one EBOV strain/variant/isolate is addressed.
An experimental study of the effect of pulsations of free supersonic flow on the pulsations of the boundary layer of a flat plate with a sharp edge

using a new three-channel hot-wire anemometer measurement system is carried out

The spatial-temporal distributions of the correlation coefficient are obtained for the boundary layer cross sections and for the laminar-turbulent transition region
An associative experiment, widely used in recent years in psycholinguistic studies, allows for an in-depth study of the semantics of a word by considering logical relationships in associative fields. In addition, the results of such an experiment provide “access” to the speakers’ language consciousness and enable the researcher to describe its structure. At the same time, the “construction” of associative-verbal models makes it possible to understand and study the systematic character of the individual speaker’s world view and language consciousness of the speakers of a certain language and culture. All this determines the relevance of the associative-verbal models and specific lexemes analysis. The study of the speaking personality – Homo Loquens – is connected with the analysis of an individual world view explicated in language consciousness and actually existing in the form of verbal images – word associations. This article discusses the results of a free associative experiment with participation of the native German speakers (as a result of this experiment, 137 different associative reactions were received with the total number of associative reactions 305; the analysis focused on both types of responses – primary and secondary word associations). The subject matter of the study is the verb haben, forming the centre in the sphere “possession” and its synonyms (gehören, verfügen, besitzen, gebieten). The synonyms were identified through a lexicographical analysis with the help of five dictionaries of synonyms and the Contemporary German language corpora dwds.de. The analysis is based on a systematic approach that allows us to reveal the structure of senses and meanings in the mental lexicon and the interconnectedness of associative fields of synonymous stimulus words. The lexicographical, corpus and associative types of analysis reveal the following: 1) a negligible number of respondents' refusals to respond; 2) associating with a “paradigmatic” type in regard to the semantic structure of the stimulus word and associative response; 3) a high degree of uniqueness of “syntagmatic” associations; 4) “possession” is associated with such reactions as Geld, Gut, Güter, Macht, Testament, Freunde, nichts.
We present recent results on study of exclusive processes of $e^+e^-$ annihilation into hadrons with the SND detector. Data were collected at the VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ collider in the center-of-mass energy range from 0.3 to 2 GeV. In particular, we have measured the cross sections for $e^+e^-\to\pi^+\pi^-$ and $n\bar{n}$, studied the radiative decays of excited light vector mesons to $\pi^0\gamma$ and $\eta\pi^0\gamma$, and performed a search for the rare processes of $e^+e^-$ annihilation into $C$-even resonances $\eta$ and $f_1(1285)$.
In the paper we give a survey of (co)homologies of braid groups and groups connected with them. Among these groups are pure braid groups and generalized braid groups. We present explicit formulations of some theorems of V. I. Arnold, E. Brieskorn, D. B. F
Objective: The aim was to study the blood cytokine/chemokine profile of 25–44-year-old people with early ischemic heart disease (IHD) comorbid with abdominal obesity (AO). Methods: A cross-sectional medical examination of subjects in Novosibirsk, Russia, was conducted after random sampling of the above age group. A total of 1457 subjects, 804 females and 653 males, were analyzed. The epidemiological diagnosis of IHD was made in accordance with 17 validated and functional criteria, employing exercise ECG for confirmation. Simultaneous quantitative analyses of 41 cytokines/chemokines in blood serum were performed by a multiplex assay using the HCYTMAG-60K-PX41 panel (MILLIPLEX MAP) on a Luminex 20 MAGPIX flow cytometer, with additional ELISA testing. Results: Flt3 ligand, GM-CSF, and MCP-1 were significantly associated with the relative risk of early IHD. In the presence of AO, GM-CSF, MCP-1 and IL-4 also significantly correlated with the relative risk of early IHD. By univariate regression analysis, the relative risk of early IHD was associated with lowered blood concentrations of Flt3 ligand, whereas the relative risk of early IHD in the presence of AO was associated with lowered blood concentrations of GM-CSF. Employing multivariable regression analysis, only lower blood levels of Flt3 ligand were associated with a relative risk of early IHD, whereas the relative risk of early IHD in the presence of AO was limited to lower levels of IL-4. Conclusion: Findings related to Flt3 ligand, GM-CSF, and IL-4 are consistent with the international literature. Results from the present study are partly confirmative and partly hypothesis generating.
A compact accelerator-based neutron source has been proposed and created at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics in Novosibirsk, Russia.

An original design tandem accelerator is used to provide a proton beam. The proton beam energy can be varied within a range of 0.6-2.3 MeV, keeping a high-energy stability of 0.1%. The beam current can also be varied in a wide range (from 0.3 mA to 10 mA) with high current stability (0.4%).

In the device, neutron flux is generated as a result of the
SNPs in ТАТА boxes are the cause of monogenic diseases, contribute to a large number of complex diseases, and have implications for human sensitivity to external and internal environmental signals.

The aim of this work was to explore the kinetic characteristics of the formation of human ТВР complexes with ТАТА boxes, in which the SNPs are associated with β‑thalassemias of diverse severity, immunosuppression, neurological disorders, and so on. It has for the first time been demonstrated, using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, that TBP interacts with SNP-containing ТАТА boxes with a significant (8–36-fold) decrease in TBP/ТАТА association rate constant (ka) as compared with that in healthy people, a smaller decrease in dissociation rate constant (kd) and changes in the half-lives of TBP/ТАТА complexes. Carriers of the −24G allele (rs 1800202T>G) in the TATA box of the triosephosphate isomerase gene promoter, associated with neurological and muscular disorders, were observed to have a 36-fold decrease in TBP/TATA association rate constant that are consistent with TPI deficiency shown for patients who carry this defective allele.

The kinetic characteristics of TBP/ТАТА complexes obtained suggest that, at a molecular level, hereditary diseases are largely caused by changes in TBP/ТАТА association rates and these changes have a bearing on disease severity.
A report on the scientific and practical conference held on November 1–2, 2021 in Novosibirsk State University is presented. The conference has an international status, because of 23 foreign participants from 5 countries. A wide range of topical issues related to history, archaeology, economy and culture of China, to studying and teaching Chinese etc. was discussed at the conference. And among the speakers on the plenary was presented online our special guest Daniel Waugh, Professor Emeritus of the Washington State University.
X inactivation, the transcriptional silencing of one of the two X chromosomes in female mammals, achieves dosage compensation of X-linked genes relative to XY males. In eutherian mammals X inactivation is regulated by the X-inactive specific transcript (Xist), a cis-acting non-coding RNA that triggers silencing of the chromosome from which it is transcribed. Marsupial mammals also undergo X inactivation but the mechanism is relatively poorly understood.

We set out to analyse the X chromosome in Monodelphis domestica and Didelphis virginiana, focusing on characterizing the interval defined by the Chic1 and Slc16a2 genes that in eutherians flank the Xist locus. The synteny of this region is retained on chicken chromosome 4 where other loci belonging to the evolutionarily ancient stratum of the human X chromosome, the so-called X conserved region (XCR), are also located. Detailed analysis of opossum genomic sequences revealed linkage of Chic1 with the Lnx3 gene, recently proposed to be the evolutionary precursor of Xist, and Fip1, the evolutionary precursor of Tsx, a gene located immediately downstream of Xist in eutherians.

We show that in both M. domestica and D. virginiana an evolutionary breakpoint has separated the Chic1 and Slc16a2 loci. We discuss these findings in relation to the evolution of Xist and X inactivation in mammals.
In the 1940s, Karhunen and Loève proposed a method for processing a one-dimensional numeric time series by converting it into multidimensional by shifts. In fact, a one-dimensional number series was decomposed into several orthogonal time series. This method has many times been independently developed and applied in practice under various names (EOF, SSA, Caterpillar, etc.). Nowadays, the name ‘SSA’ (Singular Spectral Analysis) is the most often used. It turned out that it is universal, applicable to any time series without requiring stationary assumptions, automatically decomposes time series into a trend, cyclic components and noise. By the beginning of the 1980s, Takens had shown that for a dynamical system such a method makes it possible to obtain an attractor from observing only one of these variables, thereby bringing the method to a powerful theoretical basis. In the same years, the practical benefits of phase portraits became clear. In particular, it was used in the analysis and forecast of animal abundance dynamics. In this paper we propose to extend SSA to a one-dimensional sequence of any type of elements, including numbers, symbols, figures, etc., and, as a special case, to a molecular sequence. Technically, the problem is solved using an algorithm like SSA. The sequence is cut by a sliding window into fragments of a given length. Between all fragments, the matrix of Euclidean distances is calculated. This is always possible. For example, the square root of the Hamming distance between fragments is a Euclidean distance. For the resulting matrix, the principal components are calculated by the principal-coordinate method (PCo). Instead of a distance matrix, one can use a matrix of any similarity/dissimilarity indexes and apply methods of multidimensional scaling (MDS). The result will always be PCs in some Euclidean space. We called this method ‘PCA-Seq’. It is certainly an exploratory method, as is its particular case SSA. For any sequence, in cluding molecular, PCA-Seq without any additional assumptions allows presenting its principal components in a numerical form and visualizing them in the form of phase portraits. A long history of SSA application for numerical data gives all reason to believe that PCA-Seq will be not less useful in the analysis of non-numerical data, especially in hypothesizing. PCA-Seq is implemented in the freely distributed Jacobi 4 package (http://jacobi4.ru/).
К концу VII в. на Корейском полуострове и Южной Маньчжурии сложилась ситуация, когда государствами с общей границей оказались Силла и Бохай.Эта ситуация продолжалась в течении двух веков.В корейской историографии этот период называют «эпоха государств севера и юга», подразумевая наличие общности между двумя государствами.

Однако между Силла и Бохаем были сильны культурные различия.Об этом свидетельствует погребальная обрядность элиты двух государств.В Бохая и Силла погребальные сооружения правителей существенно отличилась.

Термин «эпоха государств севера и юга» закрепился в корейской историографии, однако вряд ли стоит перенимать опыт его использования для обозначения эпохи, начавшейся после завершения периода Трех государств в Корее.
Aim . To confirm association between sudden cardiac death (SCD) and single nucleotide polymorphisms rs6582147 rs 10010305, rs2136810, rs17797829, identified as the most likely candidate markers.

Material and methods . The SCD group (n=360, mean age 53,0±9,2 years, men — 76,9%, women — 23,1%) was formed using the SCD criteria of the European Society of Cardiology. The control group (n=402, mean age 52,9±9,1 years, men — 69,7%, women — 30,3%) was selected by gender and age from the DNA bank of international studies MONICA, HAPIEE. DNA is separated by phenol-chloroform extraction. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction followed by analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Conclusion . According to the results of study, single nucleotide polymorphisms rs6582147 rs10010305, rs2136810, rs17797829 confirmed the association with SCD.
An algorithm for solving the inverse problem for determining the parameters of a buried archaeological object in the form of an elliptical cylinder (as a model of a typical burial or pit) is proposed. The estimation of accuracy of determination of parameters of the buried archaeological objects on the basis of the numerical solution of the inverse problem of magnetic prospecting for synthetic model is carried out. Its implementation included, firstly, the stage of modeling the magnetic field from a synthetic model of the archaeological site at three different heights for different parameters of the grid density and the size of the magnetic survey site and, secondly, the stage of solving the inverse problem from synthetic data at different heights, for different parameters of the magnetic survey and assessing the accuracy of the solution of the inverse problem. It is found that the accuracy of determining the parameters of the anomalous body is more affected by the size of the survey area than the density of the measurement network. There is also a tendency to increase the accuracy of determining parameters when using data of different heights. Approbation of the algorithm for solving the inverse problem on real data of different-altitude magnetic survey over the burial at the archaeological site Tartas-1 showed quite good results. The average error in determining the geometric parameters of the body and its occurrence is ~ 15 %.
Pneumonia is a severe inflammatory disease responsible for high mortality worldwide, with about four million deaths each year. Early diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia and the identification of the infectious agent can significantly reduce a pneumonia severity, a likelihood of patient's hospitalization, and pandemic rise. However, the diagnostic methods currently used are not reliable enough. Therefore, certain specific non-coding RNAs circulating in the blood inside the extracellular vesicles have been considered a potential biomarker for differentiating viral and bacterial pneumonia, as well as for predictions of disease severity and complications. We reviewed microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and xeno-microRNAs, which were proposed as prognostic and diagnostic markers and potential target drugs for pneumonia.
The main number of genome editing events in plant objects obtained during the last decade with the help of specific nucleases zinc finger (ZFN), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas are the microindels causing frameshift and subsequent gene knock-out. The knock-ins of genes or their parts, i.e., the insertion of them into a target genome region, are between one and two orders of magnitude less frequent. First and foremost, this is associated with the specific features of the repair systems of higher eukaryotes and the availability of the donor template in accessible proximity during double-strand break (DSB) repair. This review briefs the main repair pathways in plants according to the aspect of their involvement in genome editing. The main methods for increasing the frequency of knock-ins are summarized both along the homologous recombination pathway and non-homologous end joining, which can be used for plant objects.
The research was carried out in order to study the effect of autumn vegetation conditions on the growth, development and overwintering of winter wheat and rye depending on different sowing dates. The work was performed in 2016–2019 in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Ob region.

The research material included the varieties of tetraploid winter rye Vlada and Tetra short and winter wheat varieties Novosibirskaya 40 and Novosibirskaya 3. Sowing was carried out on three dates: 1st – 23 August, 2nd – 31 August and 3rd – 7 September under bare fallow. The choice of the optimal sowing time creates favorable conditions for the growth and development of winter crops and their preparation for further overwintering.

According to the studies, it was noted that the intensity of autumn shoot formation and plant growth to a greater extent depends on the duration of the autumn growing season. A decrease in the plant growth rate and formation of tillering shoots from the first sowing date to the third date was associated with a decrease in the sum of effective temperatures. When sowing on a later date, the sum of effective temperatures varied in the range of 90–197° over the years. Under these conditions, overwintering rate of winter rye remained at the level of 94–100%, while in winter wheat it decreased to 40%. The best option, which ensured the stability of winter resistance, was the second sowing date (August 31) with a sum of effective temperatures of 250-300°, whereby the plants formed 3–4 tillering shoots and the plant height reached 18–25 cm. Winter rye outperforms winter wheat in autumn growth rate, shoot formation and in the vegetation cone development.
Auxin is a key hormone performing a wealth of functions throughout the plant life cycle. It acts largely by regulating genes at the transcriptional level through a family of transcription factors (TF) called auxin response factors (ARF). Even if all ARF monomers analysed so far bind a similar DNA sequence, there is evidence that ARFs differ in their target genomic regions and regulated genes.

Here we use position weight matrices (PWM) to model ARF DNA binding specificity based on published DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq) data. We illustrate why PWMs are more versatile to reliably identify ARFbs than the widely used consensus sequences and demonstrate their power with biochemical experiments on the regulatory regions of the IAA19 model gene.

We find that the genome binding of two ARFs (ARF2 and ARF5/Monopteros/MP) differ largely because these two factors have different preferred ARF binding site (ARFbs) arrangements (orientation and spacing). Finally, we combined gene regulation by auxin with ARF-bound regions and identified specific ARFbs configurations that are over-represented in auxin up-regulated genes, thus deciphering the ARFbs syntax functional for regulation. This provides a general method to exploit the potential of genome-wide DNA binding assays and decode gene regulation.
This paper reports a current status of the measurements of the hadronic cross sections in the c.m. energy range from 0.32 to 2.0 GeV with the CMD-3 detector at the VEPP-2000 electron-positron collider. The overall size of the data, acquired by the CMD-3 in the runs of 2010-2013 and 2017-2018 years, is about 160~$\rm pb^{-1}$. The preliminary results of data analysis for various exclusive modes of $e^+e^-{\to}hadrons$ are described.
In this study we used selectively-doped GaAs/AlAs heterostructure to fabricate a high-mobility two-subband electronic system with substantially different concentration of electrons in subbands.

We observe microwave photoresistance at high numbers of magneto-intersubband oscillations (MISO). The system under study demonstrates microwave-induced resistance oscillations (MIRO) and MISO interference. MIRO in the studied two-subband system appear in lower magnetic fields comparing to MISO.

This is an indication of some unknown mechanism that exists in the two-subband system and is responsible for MISO amplitude damping in low magnetic fields, while it does not affect the MIRO amplitude. Zero resistance states (ZRS) appear in the system under study under microwave irradiation in the narrow range of magnetic fields near the MISO maximum.
DNA probes for the studies of damaged strand excision during the nucleotide excision repair (NER) have been designed using the novel non-nucleosidic phosphoramidite reagents that contain N-[6-(9-antracenylcarbamoyl)hexanoyl]-3-amino-1,2-propandiol (nAnt) and N-[6-(5(6)-fluoresceinylcarbamoyl)hexanoyl]-3-amino-1,2-propandiol (nFlu) moieties. New lesion-imitating adducts being inserted into DNA show good substrate properties in NER process. Modified extended linear nFlu- and nAntr-DNA are suitable for estimation of specific excision activity catalysed with mammalian whole-cell extracts. The following substrate activity range was revealed for the model 137-bp linear double-stranded DNA: nAnt-DNA ≈ nFlu-DNA > Chol-DNA (Chol-DNA--legitimate NER substrate that contains non-nucleoside fragment bearing cholesterol residue). In vitro assay shows that modified DNA can be a useful tool to study NER activity in whole-cell extracts. The developed approach should be of general use for the incorporation of NER-sensitive distortions into model DNAs. The new synthetic extended linear DNA containing bulky non-nucleoside modifications will be useful for NER mechanism study and for applications.