Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
To assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in young adults aged 25-44 years with early coronary artery disease (CAD) and abdominal obesity (AO) in Novosibirsk.

A random sample of subjects aged 25-44 years residing Novosibirsk underwent population screening. 1,457 people were examined (653 men and 804 women). The epidemiological diagnosis of CAD was established based on the validated epidemiological (according to the Rose Angina Questionnaire) and clinical (ECG decoded according to the Minnesota code) criteria. Early CAD was detected in 49 people who then were assigned into 4 subgroups: 1) obese subjects with CAD -24 people, 2) non-obese subjects with CAD - 25 people, 3) age- and sex-matched obese controls without CAD - 44 people, 4) age- and sex-matched non-obese controls without CAD - 30 people. The prevalence of the following CVD risk factors was assessed: smoking, increased body mass index (BMI), increased waist circumference (WC), the presence of arterial hypertension (AH), physical inactivity, elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), nonhigh density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) in blood.

AH, elevated levels of LDL-C, non-HDL-C and TG are considered as significant risk factors in obese people under 45 years of age (mainly in men) with early CAD.
We report on the results of a phase II clinical trial of Panagen (tablet form of fragmented human DNA preparation) in breast cancer patients (placebo group n = 23, Panagen n = 57). Panagen was administered as an adjuvant leukoprotective agent in FAC and AC chemotherapy regimens. Pre-clinical studies clearly indicate that Panagen acts by activating dendritic cells and induces the development of adaptive anticancer immune response. We analyzed 5-year disease-free survival of patients recruited into the trial. Five-year disease-free survival in the placebo group was 40 % (n = 15), compared with the Panagen arm – 53 % (n = 51). Among stage III patients, disease-free survival was 25 and 52 % for placebo (n = 8) and Panagen (n = 25) groups, respectively. Disease-free survival of patients with IIIB + C stage was as follows: placebo (n = 6)–17 % vs Panagen (n = 18)–50 %. Disease-free survival rate (17 %) of patients with IIIB + C stage breast cancer receiving standard of care therapy is within the global range. Patients who additionally received Panagen demonstrate a significantly improved disease-free survival rate of 50 %. This confirms anticancer activity of Panagen. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02115984 from 04/07/2014.
Thermochemical laser-induced periodic surface structures (TLIPSS) are a relatively new type of periodic structures formed in the focal area of linear polarized laser radiation by the thermally stimulated reaction of oxidation. The high regularity of the structures and the possibility of forming high-ordered structures over a large area open up possibilities for the practical application for changing the optical and physical properties of materials surface. Since the mechanism of formation of these structures is based on a chemical oxidation reaction, an intriguing question involves the influence of air pressure on the quality of structure formation.

This paper presents the results on the TLIPSS formation on a thin hafnium film with fs IR laser radiation at various ambient air pressures from 4 Torr to 760 Torr.

Despite the decrease in the oxygen content in the ambient environment by two orders of magnitude, the formation of high-ordered TLIPSS (dispersion in the LIPSS orientation angle δθ < 5°) with a period of ≈700 nm occurs within a wide range of parameters variation (laser power, scanning speed). This behavior of TLIPSS formation is in agreement with experimental data obtained earlier on the study of the kinetics of high-temperature oxidation of hafnium at various oxygen pressures.
Molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of varicose veins are not fully understood. Expression of genes in varicose veins compared with normal vein segments in patients with varicose veins was evaluated. The pilot study using micro-array analysis revealed a set of genes differentially expressed in varicose veins.

Paired GSV samples (n = 26, varicose and non-varicose segments) harvested from 13 patients with varicose veins (C2) were used in this study. Patients with post-thrombotic changes in deep veins and absence of visible varicose veins were excluded. Determination of the level of mRNA expression (normalised to ACTB and GAPDH) was performed by reverse transcription real time qPCR. Statistical analysis was performed with Wilcoxon signed rank test using the qBase+ software.

Significantly higher mRNA levels of COL15A1 (1.46 fold, CI 1.21–1.76), CHRDL2 (2.15 fold, CI 1.37-3.39), EFEMP1 (2.01 fold, CI 1.29–3.14), and TIMP1 (1.58 fold, CI 1.15–2.17), (p < .005) were observed. These findings are consistent with previous transcriptome analysis. The extracellular matrix related genes COL15A1, CHRDL2, EFEMP1, and TIMP1 are up-regulated in varicose veins which plausibly contributes to the pathogenesis.
(1) Background: The way tobacco and tea spread among virgin populations is of major interest our understanding of how ancient economic and cultural practices could have influenced current habits.

(2) Methods: hair concentrations of theobromine, theophylline, caffeine, nicotine, and cotinine were measured in hair samples from 47 frozen bodies of people from eastern Siberia, dated from the contact with Europeans to the assimilation of people into Russian society.

(3) Results: hair concentration of theobromine, theophylline, and caffeine vary with the type of beverage consumed: green, black, or local herbal teas. Shortly after the first contacts, a few heavy consumers of tobacco were found among light or passive consumers. Tobacco-related co-morbidities began to be recorded one century after and heavy tea users were only found from the 19th century (4) Conclusions: Economic factors and social and family contacts seem to have played a decisive role in tobacco consumption very early on. Behavioral evolution governed the process of substance integration into Siberian culture and was a determinant for the continuity of its use across long periods of time. Analyzing the respective contributions of social and economic processes in the use of these substances opens avenues of investigation for today's public health.
Back pain (BP) is a common condition of major social importance and poorly understood pathogenesis. Intervertebral lumbar disc degeneration in all its guises is one of the major biological risk factors for BP. Previously, we identified the locus at 8q24.21 associated with chronic BP, which has been found elsewhere associated with sciatica after surgery for lumbar disc herniation. In the current study we used co-localisation methods to identify the gene most likely to harbor the causal variant. We show that the same functional variant at the 8q24.21 locus is responsible for both lumbar disc degeneration and BP, and we also studied the effects of this locus on related phenotypes. Our results link the locus to intervertebral disc and bone mineral density, but not to anthropometric measurements, thus corroborating the epidemiological evidence. Moreover, the same functional variant at the locus is more likely to affect the expression of the nearby FAM49B gene, rather than the GSDMC gene, which was previously proposed as a causative one for BP.
Three-body F"orster resonances at long-range interactions of Rydberg atoms were first predicted and observed in Cs Rydberg atoms by Faoro et al. [Nat. Commun. 6, 8173 (2015)]. In these resonances, one of the atoms carries away an energy excess preventing the two-body resonance, leading thus to a Borromean type of F"orster energy transfer. But they were in fact observed as the average signal for the large number of atoms $N\ensuremath{\gg}1$.

In this Letter, we report on the first experimental observation of the three-body F"orster resonances $3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}n{P}_{3/2}(|M|)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}n{S}_{1/2}+(n+1){S}_{1/2}+n{P}_{3/2}(|{M}^{*}|)$ in a few Rb Rydberg atoms with $n=36$, 37.

We have found here clear evidence that there is no signature of the three-body F"orster resonance for exactly two interacting Rydberg atoms, while it is present for $N=3--5$ atoms. This demonstrates the assumption that three-body resonances can generalize to any Rydberg atom. As such resonance represents an effective three-body operator, it can be used to directly control the three-body interactions in quantum simulations and quantum information processing with Rydberg atoms.
The effect of particle condensation of cold gas flow on the formation of a secondary jet (“wake”) behind supersonic nozzles is revealed in the studied range of the outflow initial parameters. The technique of gas jets photometry, which makes it possible to carry out linear measurements of the generated flows, is presented. An anomaly of the “wake” luminescence was discovered when the argon flow was excited by an electron beam. The wavelengths and the corresponding transitions Ar-I and Ar-II inherent in the “wake” glow were determined. The development of diagnostic methods for studying cluster jets is discussed.
Electron beam appears to be a good instrument for the simulation of heat loads because of low pressure to material and large depth of shielding layer, allowing for the application of higher loads. This work is focused on theoretical and numerical modeling of heating tungsten by plasma flow and electron beam heating to clarify differences in the heating process. The time necessary for vapor shielding development is found for both of them. Essential time differences between electron beams with various energies were found. It was explained by significant cooling by evaporation at one of the heating stages. The surface temperature is almost stabilized and the maximal temperature location shifts under the surface at this stage.
Monovalent gallanediyl LGa {L=HC[C(Me)N(2,6‐ i Pr 2 C 6 H 3 )] 2 } reacts with SbX 3 to form the Ga‐substituted distibenes [(LGaX) 2 Sb 2 ] (X=NMeEt 1 , Cl 2 ). Upon heating, 2 reacts to the bicyclo[1.1.0]butane analogue [(LGaCl) 2 (μ,η 1:1 ‐Sb 4 )] 3 containing a [Sb 4 ] 2− dianion. Moreover, 2 reacts with Li amides LiNR 2 in salt elimination reactions that form the corresponding amido‐substituted compounds 1 and [(LGaNMe 2 ) 2 Sb 2 ] 4 , whereas reactions of 4 and [(LGaNMe 2 ) 2 (μ,η 1:1 ‐Sb 4 )] 5 with two equivalents of GaCl 3 resulted in the formation of 2 and 3 , respectively. 1 , 2 and 3 were characterized by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single crystal X‐ray diffraction. In addition, their bonding situation was analyzed by quantum chemical calculations.
Background and objectives Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain (CWP) is a symptom of fibromyalgia and a complex trait with poorly understood pathogenesis. CWP is heritable (48%–54%), but its genetic architecture is unknown and candidate gene studies have produced inconsistent results. We conducted a genome-wide association study to get insight into the genetic background of CWP. Methods Northern Europeans from UK Biobank comprising 6914 cases reporting pain all over the body lasting >3 months and 242 929 controls were studied. Replication of three independent genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms was attempted in six independent European cohorts (n=43 080; cases=14 177). Genetic correlations with risk factors, tissue specificity and colocalisation were examined. Results Three genome-wide significant loci were identified ( rs1491985, rs10490825, rs165599 ) residing within the genes Ring Finger Protein 123 ( RNF123 ), ATPase secretory pathway Ca 2+ transporting 1 ( ATP2C1 ) and catechol-O-methyltransferase ( COMT ). The RNF123 locus was replicated (meta-analysis p=0.0002), the ATP2C1 locus showed suggestive association (p=0.0227) and the COMT locus was not replicated. Partial genetic correlation between CWP and depressive symptoms, body mass index, age of first birth and years of schooling were identified. Tissue specificity and colocalisation analysis highlight the relevance of skeletal muscle in CWP. Conclusions We report a novel association of RNF123 locus and a suggestive association of ATP2C1 locus with CWP. Both loci are consistent with a role of calcium regulation in CWP. The association with COMT , one of the most studied genes in chronic pain field, was not confirmed in the replication analysis.
An iron(II) clathrochelate having methylglyoxime rib fragment was treated with Fe(II)/t-BuOOH in 1,4-dioxane.

The reaction resulted in substitution of the aldoxime hydrogen with 1,4-dioxanyl fragment by virtue of Minisci reaction mechanism. The resultant cage complex was identified with single crystal XRD, mass-spectrometry, 1 H, 13 C, 19 F, 11 B NMR spectroscopy, and examined with UV-Vis and IR spectroscopy.

This reaction extends the range of synthetic approaches applicable for the functionalization of tris-dioximate cage complexes.
The work is devoted to the numerical simulation of the excitation and development of localized disturbances in the supersonic boundary layer of a plate with a sharp leading edge at a Mach number of 2 in a two-dimensional formulation. Artificial disturbances are generated with the help of localized in time and space by changing the boundary conditions to the velocity component normal to the surface. The studies for two intensities of the impulse action were carried out. It was found that with an increase in the intensity of the action on the boundary layer, the amplitude of the generated disturbances increases. The development of disturbances of various amplitudes is similar. The ratio of the level of total temperature pulsations to the level of mass flow pulsations was estimated for the investigated disturbances. It was found that at small distances from the source of disturbances, this ratio increases downstream, at the same time in the far field, it reaches a constant value.
Hyperammonemia is an acute or chronic intoxication with ammonia and ammonium associated with elevated ammonia levels in serum due to either its increased production and/or decreased detoxification. Hyperammonemia can result from a variety of causes and clinically presents with unspecific signs and symptoms, including asthenia, encephalopathy, liver steatosis or fibrosis, and sarcopenia. With impaired liver function, hyperammonemia most frequently manifests in (micro)encephalopathy. Thus in case of unexpect change in mental status hyperammonemia must be excluded as fast as possible. An express method of photometric assay is informative enough to determine the ammonia levels. The following hyperammonemia classification is proposed: a) by ammonia levels (normal level: ≤ 60 μmol/L; mild (Grade 1): ≤ 100 μmol/L; moderate (Grade 2): ≤ 200 μmol/L; and severe (Grade 3): > 200 μmol/L); b) by etiopathogenesis (hereditary (congenital), functional (physiological), acquired (hepatic, extrahepatic, mixed)); c) by clinical presentation (transient, recurrent or persistent, constant (stable, without treatment), covert). Treatment for hyperammonemia is aimed at treating the primary disease and includes a diet that is restricted in animal protein but contains sufficient vegetable protein, limited physical activities, and use of intestinal non-absorbable antibiotics (rifaximin- alpha) as well as pre- and probiotics. L-ornithine- L-aspartate (LOLA) is a baseline therapeutic product administered in a number of scenarios to correct the level of hyperammonemia.
A search for heavy neutral Higgs bosons is performed using the LHC Run 2 data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb^{-1} of proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector. The search for heavy resonances is performed over the mass range 0.2-2.5 TeV for the τ^{+}τ^{-} decay with at least one τ-lepton decaying into final states with hadrons. The data are in good agreement with the background prediction of the standard model. In the M_{h}^{125} scenario of the minimal supersymmetric standard model, values of tanβ>8 and tanβ>21 are excluded at the 95% confidence level for neutral Higgs boson masses of 1.0 and 1.5 TeV, respectively, where tanβ is the ratio of the vacuum expectation values of the two Higgs doublets.
developed in Part I of this work, is applied here to reversible inter-molecular energy transfer in liquid solutions. For fluorescence quantum yield at contact transfer the Stern–Volmer law is confirmed, but the concentration corrections to its constant are diffusion-dependent unlike those obtained earlier with Superposition Approximation.

In the particular case of irreversible energy transfer, when the exact solution is available, the latter is used to discriminate between all competing approaches and establishes MET superiority.

In the case of reversible energy transfer producing the long-lived or even stable products, the energy is stored there and dissipates due to backward energy transfer in re-encounters. The kinetics of this process, resulting in a delayed fluorescence, is shown to be qualitatively different in cases of short and long encounter times as compared to the excitation lifetime.
Experimental investigations are performed to determine the effect of the passive porous coating on the stability of the hypersonic boundary layer on the cone at small angles of attack.

Measurements of the pressure disturbances on the cone surface showed that, the increase of the angle of attack leads to decrease of the second-mode amplitude, when the smooth cone side is the windward side. On the leeward side the amplitude of the disturbances increase with the angle of attack until the boundary layer is laminar.

It was found that the ultrasonically absorptive coating leads to the energy decrease of the second-mode disturbances on both leeward and windward side of the sharp cone.
Mathematical problems of solving direct and inverse problems of mechanics of composite structures are formulated. The problems of strength calculation and optimal design of composite overwrapped pressure vessels are investigated. The solutions of the optimization problem have been recieved and verified by solving the direct problems with obtained design parameters using the classical and improved shell theories. Numerical solutions were obtained using the spline collocation and discrete optimization methods.
Two series of hydrogen bonded networks based on [Re6Qi8(CN)a6]4− (Q = S or Se) anionic clusters and amidinium cations are reported, structurally and spectroscopically analyzed.
We report photoluminescence investigations of heavily doped AlxGa1-xN:Si films grown by molecular beam epitaxy on sapphire substrates. The wide intensive defect-related band dominates in the photoluminescence spectra of AlxGa1-xN:Si films with the Al content higher than 0.46 covering the whole visible spectral range. This band is attributed to donor-acceptor transitions. The acceptor ionization energy of about 1.87 eV for heavily doped AlN:Si was obtained, decrease of Al content leads to decrease of the acceptor ionization energy. The donor was assigned to the Si atom on the Ga/Al site; the acceptor might be the (2-/3-) transition level of the VAl.
recent experiments at the Gas Dynamic Trap (GDT) device

A theoretical model describing a breakdown of a neutral gas and a consequent accumulation of a seed plasma during the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) heating in a large scale magnetic mirror trap is developed
Актуальность исследования состоит в решении фундаментальных и прикладных вопросов гидрогеологии и гидрогеохимии доюрского основания Западно-Сибирского артезианского бассейна и имеет большое значение для изучения земной коры платформ и складчатых поясов в целом. Уникальность и сложность объекта заключается в том, что Западно-Сибирский бассейн – самый крупный участок молодой платформы, под чехлом которого сочленяются разновозрастные, геодинамически и гидрогеологически разнообразные комплексы. Научных обобщений имеющегося фактического материала не проводилось более 30 лет! Кроме того, актуальность исследований заключается в практической плоскости – оценке современного состояния водонапорных систем доюрских комплексов, разработке гидрогеологических критериев их нефтегазоносности и уточнении направления поисков и разведки углеводородов в доюрском основании Западной Сибири. Цель работы: выявить особенности химического и газового состава подземных вод и рассолов доюрских комплексов, установить возможные генетические типы подземных вод и рассолов и их пространственное распространение; оценить степень метаморфизации рассолов в сравнении с рядом гидрогеохимических эталонов Сибири. Методы: основываясь на методических приемах В.А. Сулина, А.А. Карцева, С.Л. Шварцева, Н.М. Кругликова, В.В. Нелюбина, О.Н. Яковлева, В.М. Матусевича и других исследователей выявить особенности геохимии подземных вод и рассолов, установить генетический облик подземных вод и рассолов, используя «генетические» коэффициенты, отражающие отношения различных макро- и микрокомпонентов в их составе: rNa/rCl, Сl/Br, Ca/Cl, r(HCO3+CO3)/r(Ca+Mg), B/Br, Br/Cl∙10–3, Sr/Cl∙10–3 и другие. Применяя интегрированный показатель метаморфизации рассолов (S) по С.Л. Шварцеву и отношения Ca/Cl, Br/Cl∙10–3, Sr/Cl∙10–3, оценить степень метаморфизации рассолов. Результаты. Приводятся результаты исследования геохимии подземных вод и рассолов доюрских отложений южных районов Обь-Иртышского междуречья. Установлено, что в исследуемом регионе развиты подземные воды и рассолы с величиной общей минерализации от 4 до 100 г/дм3 Cl-Na, Cl-Na-Ca и Cl-HCO3-Na состава при доминировании первых. Проведя ретроспективу гидрогеологической истории и детальный анализ гидрогеохимических данных, можно предположить доминирование в разрезе седиментогенных рассолов и наличие литогенных (термодегидратационных), древних инфильтрогенных и конденсатогенных вод. Совместное рассмотрение rNa/rCl, Ca/Cl, Br/Cl∙10–3, Sr/Cl∙10–3 отношений с интегрированным показателем метаморфизации рассолов S подтверждает, что в изучаемом районе рассолы находятся на начальной стадии метаморфизации химического состава.
Studies on cancer in man and pure strain animals have shown that the malignant neoplasm, both in animals and in human beings, is not a single, genetically homogeneous disease: it consists of a lot of forms differing in localization, histological structure and etiopathogenesis. This circumstance is not always taken into account by the investigators in cancer research by the twin method, and especially in the determination of within-pair concordance/discordance, which is often a source of misunderstandings and faulty conclusions.

In order to establish a more objective criterion for estimating the real twin concordance in the studies of such diseases as cancer, we have worked out a quantitative index called Concordance Index: where: CI = Concordance Index %; a = number of twin pairs, MZ or DZ, which are fully concordant for the principal features; b = number of partially concordant twin pairs; n = total number of twin pairs, MZ or DZ.

The accuracy of twin zygosity determination acquires a particular importance in cases of low penetrance of the disease. In such cases, even a minor inaccuracy in the zygosity diagnosis may considerably influence the twins' CI, and always in the same direction: any mistake in the determination of twin zygosity always leads to an artificial diminution of the role of hereditary factors. Therefore, we consider that the questionnaire method of twin zygosity determination, as well as any other insufficiently objective method, should not be used in the genetic studies on cancer.
As the test cases we use a number of analytic manufactured solutions and Rayleigh-Taylor instability problem from the literature for algorithm verification purposes.

We describe the low Mach variable-density Navier-Stokes numerical iterative solution procedure implemented in the finite-volume unstructured T-FlowS code.

The tests show that the code is second-order accurate in agreement with the spatial discretization scheme. We outline the recent combustion ADEF model implemented in the program.