Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The paper presents the results of experimental studies of the dielectric and NMR characteristics of drill cuttings. It is shown how the fluid distribution in the pore space changes at different stages of extraction and saturation. It is shown that it is possible to estimate the degree of saturation of samples by sequential interpretation the spectra of the dielectric and NMR characteristics.
The study of infrared absorption by linear gold nanoantennas fabricated on a Si surface with underlying SiO 2 layers of various thicknesses allowed the penetration depth of localized surface plasmons into SiO 2 to be determined. The value of the penetration depth derived experimentally (20 ± 10 nm) corresponds to that obtained from electromagnetic simulations (12.9–30.0 nm). Coupling between plasmonic excitations of gold nanoantennas and optical phonons in SiO 2 leads to the appearance of new plasmon–phonon modes observed in the infrared transmission spectra the frequencies of which are well predicted by the simulations.
Identification of microorganisms by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry is a very efficient method with high throughput, speed, and accuracy. However, it is significantly limited by the absence of a universal database of reference mass spectra. This problem can be solved by creating an Internet platform for open databases of protein spectra of microorganisms. Choosing the optimal mathematical apparatus is the pivotal issue for this task.

In our previous study we proposed the geometric approach for processing mass spectrometry data, which represented a mass spectrum as a vector in a multidimensional Euclidean space. This algorithm was implemented in a Jacob4 stand-alone package. In this study, the geometric approach was realized as R scripts which allowed us to design a Web-based application. We also studied the possibility of using full spectra analysis (FSA) without calculating mass peaks (PPA). We used 74 microbial strains from the collections of ICiG SB RAS, UNIQEM, IEGM, KMM, and VGM as the models.

We demonstrated that the algorithms based on peak-picking and analysis of complete data have accuracy no less than that of Biotyper 3.1 software. We proposed a method for calculating cut-off thresholds based on averaged intraspecific distances. The resulting database, raw data, and the set of R scripts are available online.
This work considers the optical properties and structure of thin films of titanium dioxide formed by glancing angle deposition to improve the light yield of scintillation materials. The experimentally obtained value of the refractive index was about 1.2, which is almost two times less than the refractive index of crystalline titanium dioxide. This allows you to use this method to modify the optical properties of the surfaces of scintillators with a large refractive index.
The processes γγ → ωϕ, ϕϕ, and ωω are measured using an 870 fb(-1) data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+ e- collider. Production of vector meson pairs is clearly observed and their cross sections are measured for masses that range from threshold to 4.0 GeV. In addition to signals from well established spin-zero and spin-two charmonium states, there are resonant structures below charmonium threshold, which have not been previously observed. We report a spin-parity analysis for the new structures and determine the products of the η(c), χ(c0), and χ(c2) two-photon decay widths and branching fractions to ωϕ, ϕϕ, and ωω.
This work considers the optical properties and structure of thin films of titanium dioxide formed by glancing angle deposition to improve the light yield of scintillation materials.

The experimentally obtained value of the refractive index was about 1.2, which is almost two times less than the refractive index of crystalline titanium dioxide.

This allows you to use this method to modify the optical properties of the surfaces of scintillators with a large refractive index.
It has long been hypothesized that chromosomal rearrangements play a central role in different evolutionary processes, particularly in speciation and adaptation. Interchromosomal rearrangements have been extensively mapped using chromosome painting. However, intrachromosomal rearrangements have only been described using molecular cytogenetics in a limited number of mammals, including a few rodent species. This situation is unfortunate because intrachromosomal rearrangements are more abundant than interchromosomal rearrangements and probably contain essential phylogenomic information.

Significant progress in the detection of intrachromosomal rearrangement is now possible, due to recent advances in molecular biology and bioinformatics. We investigated the level of intrachromosomal rearrangement in the Arvicolinae subfamily, a species-rich taxon characterized by very high rate of karyotype evolution. We made a set of region specific probes by microdissection for a single syntenic region represented by the p-arm of chromosome 1 of Alexandromys oeconomus, and hybridized the probes onto the chromosomes of four arvicolines (Microtus agrestis, Microtus arvalis, Myodes rutilus, and Dicrostonyx torquatus).

These experiments allowed us to show the intrachromosomal rearrangements in the subfamily at a significantly higher level of resolution than previously described. We found a number of paracentric inversions in the karyotypes of M. agrestis and M. rutilus, as well as multiple inversions and a centromere shift in the karyotype of M. arvalis. We propose that during karyotype evolution, arvicolines underwent a significant number of complex intrachromosomal rearrangements that were not previously detected.
Possible existence of baryo-dense (BD) stars and antistars, which might be created in the very early Universe in the frameworks of a slightly modified Affleck--Dine scenario of baryogenesis is studied.

We discuss phenomenology, observational manifestations, and bounds on such antistars and show that they are allowed to be abundant in the Galaxy. New constraints on the possible number of compact antimatter objects are derived.

We point out that explosion of an antistar as a type Ia supernova produces a remnant with relatively low annihilation signal. Another important conclusion is the strong reduction of the annihilation flux from antistars in the gaseous disk of the Galaxy due to the high velocities of BD stars in general, and antistars in particular. The contemporary observational data do not exclude significant amount of antimatter in the Galaxy (and in other galaxies) in the form of the BD stars with relatively low mass.
The aim of the present study was to examine how administration of a compound of 1,3,4- thiadiazine class 2-morpholino-5-phenyl-6H-1,3,4-thiadiazine, hydrobromide (L-17) with hypothermia inducing properties affects the brain metabolism. The mechanism by which L-17 induces hypothermia is unknown; it may involve hypothalamic central thermoregulation as well as act via inhibition of energy metabolism. We tested the hypothesis that L-17 may induce hypothermia by directly inhibiting energy metabolism. The study in vivo was carried out on Sprague-Dawley adult rats. Two doses of L-17 were administered (190 mg/kg and 760 mg/kg). Brain metabolites were analyzed in control and treated groups using magnetic resonance spectroscopy, along with blood flow rate measurements in carotid arteries and body temperature measurements. Further in vitro studies on primary cultures from rat hippocampus were carried out to perform a mitochondria function test of L-17 pre-incubation (100 μM, 30 min). Analysis of brain metabolites showed no significant changes in 190 mg/kg treated group along with a significant reduction in body temperature by 1.5°C. However, administration of L-17 in higher dose 760 mg/kg provoked changes in brain metabolites indicative of neurotoxicity as well as reduction in carotid arteries flow rate. In addition, a balance change of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters was observed. The L-17 pre-incubation with cell primary cultures from rat brain showed no significant changes in mitochondrial function. The results obtained in the study indicate that acute administration of L-17 190 mg/kg in rats induces mild hypothermia with no adverse effects onto brain metabolism.
Somatic mosaicism is something that is observed in everyday lives of cytogeneticists. Chromosome instability is one of the leading causes of large-scale genome variation analyzable since the correct human chromosome number was established in 1956. Somatic mosaicism is also a well-known fact to be present in cases with small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC), i.e. karyotypes of 47,+mar/46.

In this study, the data available in the literature were collected concerning the frequency mosaicism in different subgroups of patients with sSMC.

Of 3124 cases with sSMC 1626 (52%) present with somatic mosaicism. Some groups like patients with Emanuel-, cat-eye- or i(18p)- syndrome only tend rarely to develop mosaicism, while in Pallister-Killian syndrome every patient is mosaic. In general, acrocentric and nonacrocentric derived sSMCs are differently susceptible to mosaicism; non-acrocentric derived ones are hereby the less stable ones. Even though, in the overwhelming majority of the cases, somatic mosaicism does not have any detectable clinical effects, there are rare cases with altered clinical outcomes due to mosaicism. This is extremely important for prenatal genetic counseling. Overall, as mosaicism is something to be considered in at least every second sSMC case, array-CGH studies cannot be offered as a screening test to reliably detect this kind of chromosomal aberration, as low level mosaic cases and cryptic mosaics are missed by that.
Pellets of a novel, high temperature CO2 sorbent, made of CaO-impregnated porous Y2O3, were prepared. Yttria pellets were synthesized from a mixture of yttria powder and a softener. A combination of ethylene glycol, used as a softener, and a casting method yielded mechanically stable pellets after calcination at 800ºC. Treatment of the Y2O3 support at higher temperatures further increases the pellets strength. The same effect of pellets strengthening was observed after yttria impregnation with CaO. Sorption capacity of the pellets with CaO content of 9 wt. %, measured at isothermal conditions of 740ºC, reaches 7.5 wt. % for shorter recarbonation time of 20 min and 8.5 wt. % for a longer time of 1 hour. In this respect, sorption properties of pelletized CaO/Y2O3 are similar to those of powdered material. A distinctive feature of the pelletized CaO/Y2O3 sorbent pretreated at high temperatures is the increase in capacity during the initial cycles.
The aim of the study is to investigate the ability of ISIAH rats with stress-sensitive arterial hypertension to cope with the salt loading.Hypertensive ISIAH and normotensive WAG rats were kept in metabolic cages for 7 days on three drinking regimes: group 1 -no salt loading (tap water), group 2 -saline solution (0.87% NaCl), and group 3 -1,5% NaCl solution.After 7 days, no significant changes in the blood pressure in either WAG or ISIAH rats was observed.No differences between hypertensive and normotensive rats were found in the ability to excrete NaCl with urine.Glomerular filtration rates in ISIAH rats receiving both isotonic (saline) and hypertonic salt solutions were significantly higher than in the corresponding groups of WAG rats.In ISIAH, but not in WAG rats, receiving a hypertonic salt solution was accompanied by an increase in the concentrations of norepinephrine and epinephrine in urine.No significant changes in the function of renin-aldosterone system were observed.These and previously obtained results lead to the conclusion that not renal mechanisms but rather sympathetic nervous activity underlies the early development of arterial hypertension in stress-sensitive ISIAH rats, which are well tolerated to the salt loadings at this period of ascending pathology.
Nematodes belong to economically important pests. Here we reviewed the recent data on molecular mechanisms of plant resistance to cyst and gall nematodes including the most devastating Globodera rostochiensis, G. pallida, Heterodera schachtii, Meloidogyne chitwoodi, and M. incognita. The Golden Potato Cyst Nematode (G. rostochiensis, GPCN) may be taken as an example of an economically important pest: in Russia, it occurs in 61 regions with a total area of 1.8 million ha and may cause the yield loss from 19 to 90 %. The biological characteristics of sedentary nematodes makes their agrotechnical control problematic, i.e. the GPCN cysts remain dormant in soil for many years until a susceptible host appears, whereas nematicides are either toxic or inefficient.

Introgression of resistance genes (R-genes) from related cultivated or wild species is likely to be the most appropriate way for their biocontrol. The life cycle of sedentary nematodes is based on juveniles' penetration into the host root where they reprogram plant cells into a syncytium or the so-called 'giant cells' and inhibit the plant defense response. Molecular mechanisms of plant-nematode interaction are unusual and this phenomenon provides a very interesting model for the investigation of plant morphogenesis control as well as for the development of new genetic instruments of biocontrol. Here we reviewed recent publications on plant parasitic nematode effectors used for hijacking of the plant immune system, data on R-genes and molecular mechanisms of their activities.

In addition, host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) is discussed as a perspective mechanism for nematode biocontrol. HIGS is based on the RNA interference in the cells of the host plant addressed against the nematode genes important for their development and productivity. Several recent investigations demonstrated efficiency of HIGS against sedentary nematodes.
This work aimed at developing and validating a rapid, sensitive, and robust method of liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS) in parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) mode for apixaban quantification in dried plasma spots (DPSs) with a simple extraction procedure. A 25 µL sample of human plasma was placed onto Whatman 903 Protein Saver Cards and allowed to dry; 3.2 mm diameter disks were cut out from DPSs using a puncher, and 100 µL of a working internal standard solution was added to each sample. After this, they were vortexed on a shaker for 15 min at 800 rpm and 40 °C and quick centrifugation (10,000× g, 10 s), and then the extracts were transferred into a 300 µL vial for LC–HRMS. Data were acquired in PRM mode via detection of all target product ions with 10 ppm tolerance. Total analysis time was 5 min. The LC–HRMS method was validated for the 10–400 ng/mL range with R2 > 0.99. Within this range, intra- and interday variability of precision and accuracy was <10%, and recovery was 69.7–85.1%. Apixaban was stable after brief storage at room temperature, and at 4 °C for up to a month. The method development and validation results proved that this LC–HRMS assay of apixaban in DPSs is selective and robust.
For validation of numerical models, the reliable experimental data has been used.

This paper reports on the investigation of combustion features of turbulent swirling methane/air and synthesis gas/air flames via using modern CFD-approaches. For methane/air mixture the equivalence ratio Φ was 0.7 which is near to the lean blow off limit. Two regimes with 1:1 and 1:2 ratios of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the fuel mixture have been considered for synthesis gas combustion.

It is found that LES approach demonstrates good agreement with the experimental data. Comparison between methane/air and synthesis gas/air flames demonstrates that in the latter case the size of recirculation zone and the flame temperature are decreasing. But, addition of carbon monoxide in synthesis gas/air mixture leads to flame temperature rise.
We study a new rheological model describing flows of melts and solutions of incompressible viscoelastic polymeric media in an external uniform magnetic field in the presence of a temperature drop and a conduction current. We derive an asymptotic representation of the spectrum of the linear problem resulting from the linearization of the initial boundary value problem in an infinite plane channel about a Poiseuille-type flow. For this Poiseuille-type flow, we also determine the parameter domain of linear Lyapunov stability.
The proof of the local limit theorem for a critical Galton–Watson process

under minimal moment restrictions, i.e., under the condition that there exists the second moment of the number of direct offspring of one particle

is given
Three alkoxyamines based on imidazoline radicals with a pyridine functional group—potential initiators of nitroxide-mediated, controlled radical polymerization—were synthesized. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements reveal biexponential kinetics for the thermolysis for diastereomeric alkoxyamines and monoexponential kinetics for an achiral alkoxyamine. For comparison, the thermolysis of all three alkoxyamines was studied by NMR in the presence of three different scavengers, namely tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO), thiophenol (PhSH), and β-mercaptoethanol (BME), and detailed analysis of products was performed. NMR differentiates between N-inversion, epimerization, and homolysis reactions. The choice of scavenger is crucial for making a reliable and accurate estimate of the true homolysis rate constant.
The paper aims to show the importance of reasoning "from metaphysics" in the course of a consistent interpretation of the "against neoscholasticism" thesis (J. Ladyman). The idea that "the subject of metaphysics is metaphysical possibilities, and science determines which of them are actually achieved" (E. J. Lowe, J. Katz, etc.) reinforces the role of reasoning "from metaphysics" within the field of metaphysics of science.

The general theory of relativity violates the common prevailing intuition that "causality is the subject of local physical interaction" (J. Bigelow). Interpretation of causality in terms of "forces" and "coming into" within the framework of E. J. Lowe's ontology makes it possible to talk about causality in terms of "finding" and "going out" of existence of the corresponding modes of objects connected by a formal "causal relationship".

The transition to E. J. Lowe's ontology helps not only to overcome the intuition of the locality of causality, but also reveals in its own way, for example, such seemingly simple common intuitions as the dependence of the truth of propositions on time or the understanding of time as a dimension. All this once again brings us back to the understanding of the importance of the fact that a scientist, constructing or interpreting a scientific theory, as a rule, uses non-trivial philosophical assumptions that should be the subject of its own philosophical analysis.
We report a study of the charmless hadronic decay of the charged $B$ meson to the three-body final state ${K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$. The results are based on a data sample that contains $772\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{6}\text{ }\text{ }B\overline{B}$ pairs collected at the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. The measured inclusive branching fraction and direct $CP$ asymmetry are $(5.38\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.40\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.35)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ and $\ensuremath{-}0.170\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.073\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.017$, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The ${K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ invariant mass distribution of the signal candidates shows an excess in the region below $1.5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$, which is consistent with the previous studies from BABAR and LHCb. In addition, strong evidence of a large direct $CP$ asymmetry is found in the low ${K}^{+}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ invariant-mass region.
We show that ionic hydration is responsible for the non-monotonic variation of the interfacial tension with increasing ionic concentration.
Lactaptin, the proteolytic fragment of human milk kappa-casein, induces the death of various cultured cancer cells. The mechanisms leading to cell death after lactaptin treatment have not been well characterized.

In this study the in vivo and in vitro effects of a recombinant analogue of lactaptin (RL2) were examined. Following treatment with the recombinant analogue of lactaptin strong caspase -3, -7 activation was detected. As a consequence of caspase activation we observed the appearance of a sub-G1 population of cells with subdiploid DNA content. Dynamic changes in the mRNA and protein levels of apoptosis-related genes were estimated. No statistically reliable differences in p53 mRNA level or protein level were found between control and RL2-treated cells. We observed that RL2 constitutively suppressed bcl-2 mRNA expression and down regulated Bcl-2 protein expression in MDA-MB-231 cells. We demonstrated that RL2 penetrates cancer and non-transformed cells. Identification of the cellular targets of the lactaptin analogue revealed that α/β-tubulin and α-actinin-1 were RL2-bound proteins. As the alteration in cellular viability in response to protein stimulus can be realized not only by way of apoptosis but also by autophagy, we examined the implications of autophagy in RL2-dependent cell death. We also found that RL2 treatment induces LC3-processing, which is a hallmark of autophagy. The autophagy inhibitor chloroquine enhanced RL2 cytotoxicity to MDA-MB-231 cells, indicating the pro-survival effect of RL2-dependent autophagy. The antitumour potential of RL2 was investigated in vivo in mouse xenografts bearing MDA-MB-231 cells.

We demonstrated that the recombinant analogue of lactaptin significantly suppressed the growth of solid tumours. Our results indicate that lactaptin could be a new molecule for the development of anticancer drugs.
This work is dedicated to the search for the exact analytical dependences of microwave heating due to absorption of a plane electromagnetic wave by coal layer with asymmetric and non-uniform heat dissipation conditions I and III kind. Some of simplifications have been made, such as one-dimensional problem, uniformity and isotropic coal material, and the constancy of the electrical properties of thermal coal during heating of microwave radiation. This has led to the fact that the Maxwell’s task is solved separately from the Fourier’s task, and a heat source generated in the carbon layer is subject to Bouguer law. For the system of equations of heat transfer has been found a new dependent variable, which is to simplify the search for a final solution. All this has given the possibility of finding rigorous analytical solution of the problem of microwave heating of the coal layer in the presence of asymmetric and inhomogeneous boundary conditions I and III kind.
Denote the alternating and symmetric groups of degree [Formula: see text] by [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Consider a permutation [Formula: see text], all of whose nontrivial cycles are of the same length. We find the minimal polynomials of [Formula: see text] in the ordinary irreducible representations of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].