Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigations of dusty plasma parameters of a DC glow discharge were performed in helium and argon. In the discharge in helium, at high discharge current dust‐free regions (voids) were formed in the center of the dust particles clouds that levitated in the strong electric field of a stratified positive column. In experiments with argon, the dust particles were moved from the center of the discharge tube to the periphery at high discharge current. The behavior of voids formation was investigated for different discharge conditions (sort of gas, discharge pressure and discharge current) and dust particles parameters (particles radii and particles total number). It was shown that it is the ion drag force radial component that leads to the formation of voids in helium and moves the particles to the tube periphery in argon discharge. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Random fiber lasers operating via the Rayleigh scattering (RS) feedback attract now a great deal of attention as they generate a high-quality unidirectional laser beam with the efficiency and performance comparable and even exceeding those of fiber lasers with conventional cavities. Similar to other random lasers, both amplification and random scattering are distributed here along the laser medium being usually represented by a kilometers-long passive fiber with Raman gain. However, it is hardly possible to utilize normal gain in conventional active fibers as they are usually short and RS is negligible. Here we report on the first demonstration of the RS-based random lasing in an active fiber. This became possible due to the implementation of a new Bi-doped fiber with an increased amplification length and RS coefficient. The realized Bi-fiber random laser generates in a specific spectral region (1.42 μm) exhibiting unique features, in particular, a much narrower linewidth than that in conventional cavity of the same length, in agreement with the developed theory. Lasers of this type have a great potential for applications as Bi-doped fibers with different host compositions enable laser operation in an extremely broad range of wavelengths, 1.15–1.78 μm.
In the last few decades, supramolecular chemistry has been at the forefront of chemical research, with the aim of understanding chemistry beyond the covalent bond. Since the long-range periodicity in crystals is a product of the directionally specific short-range intermolecular interactions that are responsible for molecular assembly, analysis of crystalline solids provides a primary means to investigate intermolecular interactions and recognition phenomena.

This article discusses some areas of contemporary research involving supramolecular interactions in the solid state. The topics covered are: (1) an overview and historical review of halogen bonding; (2) exploring non-ambient conditions to investigate intermolecular interactions in crystals; (3) the role of intermolecular interactions in morphotropy, being the link between isostructurality and polymorphism; (4) strategic realisation of kinetic coordination polymers by exploiting multi-interactive linker molecules.

The discussion touches upon many of the prerequisites for controlled preparation and characterization of crystalline materials.
Sub-Doppler spectroscopy in alkali-metal vapor cells using two counterpropagating dual-frequency laser beams allows the detection of high-contrast sign-reversed natural-linewidth sub-Doppler resonances. Previously, a qualitative theory based on a simplified Λ-scheme model has been reported to explain underlying physics of this phenomenon.

In this paper, an extended theoretical model of dual-frequency sub-Doppler spectroscopy (DFSDS) for the Cs D₁ line is reported. Taking into account the real atomic energy structure, main relaxation processes, and various nonlinear effects, this model describes quantitatively the respective contributions of involved physical processes and predicts main properties (height and linewidth) of the sub-Doppler resonances. Experimental tests are performed with a Cs vapor microfabricated cell and results are found to be in correct agreement with theoretical predictions.

Spatial oscillations of the sub-Doppler resonance amplitude with translation of the reflection mirror are highlighted. A beat note between two laser systems, including one stabilized with DFSDS on a Cs vapor microcell, yields a fractional frequency stability of 2×10⁻¹² τ⁻¹/² until 10-s averaging time. These results demonstrate that DFSDS could be an interesting approach for the development of a high-performance microcell-based optical frequency reference, with applications in various compact quantum devices.
Searches for non-resonant and resonant Higgs boson pair production are performed in the γγWW∗ channel with the final state of γγℓνjj using 36.1 fb-1 of proton-proton collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of s= 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

A search for a narrow-width resonance X decaying to a pair of Standard Model Higgs bosons HH is performed with the same set of data. When deriving the limits above, the Standard Model branching ratios of the H→γγ and H→WW∗ are assumed.

No significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction is observed. A 95% confidence-level observed upper limit of 7.7 pb is set on the cross section for non-resonant production, while the expected limit is 5.4 pb. The observed upper limits on σ(pp→X)×B(X→HH) range between 40.0 and 6.1 pb for masses of the resonance between 260 and 500 GeV, while the expected limits range between 17.6 and 4.4 pb.
The growth mechanism of a single gas bubble in a highly viscous volatile-saturated magmatic melt during its rapid decompression is investigated. A new analytical solution of the problem is shown. It correctly describes the bubble growth dynamics in a wide range of supersaturations achieved as a result of decompression and at all stages of the process including the transitional one. Accounting for this stage is extremely important if we consider highly-viscous magmatic melts. It is shown that after some time bubble growth is determined solely by diffusion, and the process has a self-similar character.
The genome of flying birds, the smallest among amniotes, reflects overweight of the extensive DNA loss over the unrestricted proliferation of selfish genetic elements, resulted in a shortage of repeated sequences and lack of B-chromosomes. The only exception of this rule has been described in zebra finch, which possesses a large germ-line restricted chromosome (GRC), transmitted via oocytes, eliminated from male postmeiotic cells and absent in somatic cell. It is considered as a rarity and its origin, content and function remain unclear. We discovered that all songbirds possess GRC: in various size and genetic content it is present in all fifteen songbird species investigated and absent from germ-line genomes of all eight species of other bird orders examined. Our data based on fluorescent in situ hybridization of DNA probes derived from GRCs of four different Passeri species and their sequencing indicate that the GRCs show low homology between avian species. They contain fragments of the somatic genomes, which include various unique and repetitive sequences. We propose that the GRC has formed in the common ancestor of the extant songbirds and undergone subsequent divergence. GRC presence in the germ line of every songbird studied indicate that it could contain genetic element(s) indispensable for gametogenesis, which are yet to be discovered.
We study an initial boundary value problem for a system of quasilinear equations which are effectively used for finding by the stabilization method numerical stationary solutions of the hydrodynamical model of charge transport in the silicon MESFET (metal semiconductor field effect transistor). This initial boundary value problem has the following peculiarities: the PDE system is not a Cauchy-Kovalevskaya-type system; the boundary is a nonsmooth curve and has angular points; nonlinearity of the problem is mainly connected with squares of gradients of the unknown functions. By using a special representation for the solution of a model problem we reduce the original problem to a system of integro-differential equations. This allows one to prove the local-in-time existence and uniqueness of a weakened solution. Using a constructed energy integral and the Schauder fixed-point theorem, we prove the global-in-time solvability of the initial boundary value problem and justify the stabilization method under additional assumptions on the problemâs data.
Some features of old results in the total summation of all logarithmic contributions of all diagrams in Yukawa theory are presented. We discuss some lessons from this picture for the description of Pomeron, odderon, etc. in QCD.
Due to possible proliferative effects of karyotypic reorganization of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines detailed genetic analysis are indicated prior to any application of hESCs. Molecular cytogenetic analysis of two different hESC sublines was performed and revealed aberrant chromosomes in both of them, i.e. in hESM01r18 (46,ХХ,-18,+mar) and hESM0309 (46,ХХ,del(4),dup(9)). This study shows that microdissection and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (mFISH) can be used to detect the chromosomal changes precisely of the derivative chromosomes that are difficult to identify by conventional G-banded chromosome analysis. In the present study chromosome microdissection and reverse FISH were applied using multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (mFISH) for detailed characterization of the derivative chromosomes. The karyotypes of hESC lines were described as: 46,ХХ,r(18)(::p11.31→q21.2::q21.2→p11.31::) and 46,XX,del(4)(q25q31.1),dup(9)(q12q33), respectively. The potential role of the chromosomal regions involved in rearrangements for cell proliferation is discussed.
Barsova Gora is a unique archaeological and landscape site located in the Tyumen Region of the Russian Federation. The archaeological site Barsov gorodok I/32 is located on the edge of the bank of Utoplaya river. A visual comparison of the ceramics of the early Iron Age from the Barsov gorodok I/31–32 sites and the ceramics of the Barsov gorodok I/4 site from the east showed their great similarity, if not their identical nature. For a correct comparison and identification of similarities and differences in the ceramics of these sites, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study of the products of each settlement using a unified technique.

The study is devoted to the analysis of ceramics of the Barsov gorodok I/32 site. The most common motifs are rows of ‘ducks’. Other common patterns are: short wavy horizontal and vertical prints (‘birds’ and ‘snakes’), rows of stamp prints, notches and ‘pearls’. There are no non-ornamented dividing zones on the vessels. There are no ornaments in the form of a series of hemotheric figures and meanders. The upper edges of the vessels are flat (28 %) or beveled inward (72%). In 33% of cases, a cornice is present. The ceramics are made from low-sand ferruginous clays with a natural admixture of sand, mica, brown iron ore, and scraps of vegetation. Artificial impurities are represented by chamotte, broken stone and organic matter. Four recipes of clay paste have been revealed: clay + broken stone; clay + broken stone + chamotte; clay + chamotte; clay + chamotte + organic matter. The ceramics are made with ribbons. The shape of the vessels is cauldron-like.

The absence of non-ornamented dividing zones, the presence of rows of short wavy horizontal and vertical impressions (‘birds’ and ‘snakes’), the presence of inwardly beveled upper edges of the vessels with ornamented cornices testify to the late existence of this pottery. The ceramics of the Barsov gorodok I/32 site can be attributed to the late stage of the Kulai culture (Surgut variant).
Single-cell technology is a relatively new and promising way to obtain high-resolution transcriptomic data mostly used for animals during the last decade. However, several scientific groups developed and applied the protocols for some plant tissues. Together with deeply-developed cell-resolution imaging techniques, this achievement opens up new horizons for studying the complex mechanisms of plant tissue architecture formation.

While the opportunities for integrating data from transcriptomic to morphogenetic levels in a unified system still present several difficulties, plant tissues have some additional peculiarities. One of the plants’ features is that cell-to-cell communication topology through plasmodesmata forms during tissue growth and morphogenesis and results in mutual regulation of expression between neighboring cells affecting internal processes and cell domain development. Undoubtedly, we must take this fact into account when analyzing single-cell transcriptomic data. Cell-based computational modeling approaches successfully used in plant morphogenesis studies promise to be an efficient way to summarize such novel multiscale data. The inverse problem’s solutions for these models computed on the real tissue templates can shed light on the restoration of individual cells’ spatial localization in the initial plant organ—one of the most ambiguous and challenging stages in single-cell transcriptomic data analysis.

This review summarizes new opportunities for advanced plant morphogenesis models, which become possible thanks to single-cell transcriptome data. Besides, we show the prospects of microscopy and cell-resolution imaging techniques to solve several spatial problems in single-cell transcriptomic data analysis and enhance the hybrid modeling framework opportunities.
It has recently been demonstrated experimentally that $200	ext{--}300$ keV electrons with the unusual spatial profiles can be produced and even focused to a subnanometer scale---namely, electrons carrying nonzero orbital angular momentum and also the so-called Airy beams. Since the wave functions of such electrons do not represent plane waves, the standard Born formula for scattering of them off a potential field is no longer applicable and, hence, needs modification.

In the present paper, we address the generic problem of elastic scattering of a wave packet of a fast nonrelativistic particle off a potential field. We obtain simple and convenient formulas for a number of events and an effective cross section in such a scattering, which represent generalization of the Born formula for a case when finite sizes and spatial inhomogeneity of the initial packet should be taken into account.

As a benchmark, we consider two simple models corresponding to scattering of a Gaussian wave packet on a Gaussian potential and on a hydrogen atom, and perform a detailed analysis of the effects brought about by the limited sizes of the incident beam and by the finite impact parameter between the potential center and the packet's axis.
The differential decay rates of the processes $J/\psi\to p\bar{p}\pi^{0}$ and $J/\psi\to p\bar{p}\eta$ close to the $p\bar{p}$ threshold are calculated with the help of the $N\bar{N}$ optical potential. The same calculations are made for the decays of $\psi(2S)$.

We use the potential which has been suggested to fit the cross sections of $N\bar{N}$ scattering together with $N\bar{N}$ and six pion production in $e^{+}e^{-}$ annihilation close to the $p\bar{p}$ threshold.

The $p\bar{p}$ invariant mass spectra is in agreement with the available experimental data. The anisotropy of the angular distributions, which appears due to the tensor forces in the $N\bar{N}$ interaction, is predicted close to the $p\bar{p}$ threshold. This anisotropy is large enough to be investigated experimentally. Such measurements would allow one to check the accuracy of the model of $N\bar{N}$ interaction.
In this study, we used ELISA for quantification of PPDK in photosynthesizing leaves of miscanthus.

We cloned a fragment of the gene encoding PPDK, purified the resulting protein by affinity chromatography, identified it using MALDI mass spectrometry, and obtained monoclonal antibodies by immunizing BALB/c mice. Selectivity of monoclonal antibodies was assessed by Western blot using the protein extracts of Soranovskii. The presence of PPDK was again verified by MALDI mass spectrometry.

Therefore, we developed and tested the method for determining PPDK quantity in miscanthus using ELISA.
We descibed all alternative algebras with invertible derivations (the analogue of Bergen-Herstein-Lanski's Theorem) and proved the analogue of Moens's Theorem.
The paper presents the results of a study of the tissue­specificity of the circadian phase characteristics of biological processes in the mouse liver and kidneys. We performed a comparative analysis of the translatomes in these two organs based on experimental data on the daily dynamics of the level of translation of mouse genes from the GEO database (GSE67305 and GSE81283) obtained by ribosome profiling. Genes with a pronounced daily dynamics of translation were revealed (3 358 genes in the liver and 2 938 in the kidneys). Further, for each of the 12 time points (ZT0–ZT22), for each tissue (liver, kidneys), groups of genes that were in a phase with an increased level of translation were identified. It was assumed that the gene is in a phase with an increased level of translation if at a given time point its ribosome profiling rate for both replicas exceeded the daily average value for this gene. The greatest number of rhythmic genes in the liver has an increased level of translation at the beginning of the dark phase of the day corresponding to increased animal activity. In the kidneys, the differences in the distribution of the number of genes in the phase of an elevated translation level by the time of day were less pronounced, and the maximum number of such genes was observed from the middle of the light phase of the day to the middle of the dark one. A statistical analysis of enrichment of Gene Ontology terms in these twelve gene groups in the liver and kidneys was perform ed. Analyzing the processes, the rhythmicity of which is typical of both liver and kidneys, we have identified the processes, the circadian phase characteristics of which in these tissues coincide and the processes having essentially different temporal phase patterns for these tissues. Processes with strict tissue­specific rhythmic translation have also been identified. The approach used in our work allows us to analyze the organo/tissue­specificity of the phase characteristics of biological processes, and the results emphasize the need to take into account the phase circadian characteristics when comparing the features of the course of biological processes in various organs.
Purpose. Barsova Gora is a unique archaeological and landscape site located in the Tyumen Region of the Russian Federation. The archaeological site Barsov gorodok I/32 is located on the edge of the bank of Utoplaya river. A visual comparison of the ceramics of the early Iron Age from the Barsov gorodok I/31–32 sites and the ceramics of the Barsov gorodok I/4 site from the east showed their great similarity, if not their identical nature. For a correct comparison and identification of similarities and differences in the ceramics of these sites, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study of the products of each settlement using a unified technique. The study is devoted to the analysis of ceramics of the Barsov gorodok I/32 site. Results. The most common motifs are rows of ‘ducks’. Other common patterns are: short wavy horizontal and vertical prints (‘birds’ and ‘snakes’), rows of stamp prints, notches and ‘pearls’. There are no non-ornamented dividing zones on the vessels. There are no ornaments in the form of a series of hemotheric figures and meanders. The upper edges of the vessels are flat (28 %) or beveled inward (72%). In 33% of cases, a cornice is present. The ceramics are made from low-sand ferruginous clays with a natural admixture of sand, mica, brown iron ore, and scraps of vegetation. Artificial impurities are represented by chamotte, broken stone and organic matter. Four recipes of clay paste have been revealed: clay + broken stone; clay + broken stone + chamotte; clay + chamotte; clay + chamotte + organic matter. The ceramics are made with ribbons. The shape of the vessels is cauldron-like. Conclusion. The absence of non-ornamented dividing zones, the presence of rows of short wavy horizontal and vertical impressions (‘birds’ and ‘snakes’), the presence of inwardly beveled upper edges of the vessels with ornamented cornices testify to the late existence of this pottery. The ceramics of the Barsov gorodok I/32 site can be attributed to the late stage of the Kulai culture (Surgut variant).
Related DatabasesWeb of Science You must be logged in with an active subscription to view this.Article DataHistorySubmitted: 5 June 2020Accepted: 24 June 2021Published online: 14 September 2021Keywordsnonautonomous first-order hyperbolic systems, reflection boundary conditions, finite time stabilization, stabilization criteria, robustnessAMS Subject Headings35B40, 93D20, 93D40, 35L04, 37L15Publication DataISSN (print): 0363-0129ISSN (online): 1095-7138Publisher: Society for Industrial and Applied MathematicsCODEN: sjcodc
The availability and intensity of sunlight are among the major factors of growth, development and metabolism in plants. However, excessive illumination disrupts the electronic balance of photosystems and leads to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in chloroplasts, further mediating several regulatory mechanisms at the subcellular, genetic, and molecular levels. We carried out a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis that aimed to identify genetic systems and candidate transcription factors involved in the response to high light stress in Arabidopsis thaliana L. using resources GEO NCBI, string-db, ShinyGO, STREME, and Tomtom, as well as programs metaRE, CisCross, and Cytoscape. Through the meta-analysis of five transcriptomic experiments, we selected a set of 1151 differentially expressed genes, including 453 genes that compose the gene network. Ten significantly enriched regulatory motifs for TFs families ZF-HD, HB, C2H2, NAC, BZR, and ARID were found in the promoter regions of differentially expressed genes. In addition, we predicted families of transcription factors associated with the duration of exposure (RAV, HSF), intensity of high light treatment (MYB, REM), and the direction of gene expression change (HSF, S1Fa-like). We predicted genetic components systems involved in a high light response and their expression changes, potential transcriptional regulators, and associated processes.
Experimental and theoretical studies of nonlinear frequency combs in \chi^(3) optical microresonators attracted tremendous research interest during the last decade and resulted in prototypes of solitonbased steadily working devices. Realization of similar combs owing to \chi^(2) optical nonlinearity promises new breakthroughs and is a big scientific challenge. We analyze the main obstacles for realization of the \chi^(2) frequency combs in high-Q microresonators and propose two families of steadystate nonlinear solutions, including soliton and periodic solutions, for such combs. Despite generic periodicity of light fields inside microresonators, the nonlinear solutions can be topologically different and relevant to periodic and antiperiodic boundary conditions. The found particular solutions exist owing to a large difference in the group velocities between the first and second harmonics, typical of \chi^(2) microresonators, and to the presence of the pump. They have no zero-pump counterparts relevant to conservative solitons. Stability issue for the found comb solutions remains open and requires further numerical analysis.