Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The nanosized silicon powder has been produced by reduction of silica with magnesium in an argon medium using both the mechanically activated self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and the direct mechanochemical synthesis and has been investigated by X-ray phase analysis, Infrared spectroscopy, electron scanning microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The optimal Mg:SiO2 ratio has been found to provide the minimum content of contaminant impurities of magnesium silicide and silicate in mechanically activated self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. For the first time, direct mechanochemical synthesis of Si via reduction of silica with magnesium has been implemented. Optimal component ratio and mechanical activation parameters have been determined, yielding Si/MgO composites without impurity phases (magnesium silicide and silicate). A purification procedure has been proposed for separating silicon obtained from magnesium oxide and other impurity phases. The ratio of initial components has been determined, at which purified silicon has the least amount of impurities. The particle size of silicon powder obtained was 50–80 nm for the mechanically activated self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, and 30–50 nm for the direct mechanochemical synthesis.
Human prefrontal cortex (PFC) is associated with broad individual variabilities in functions linked to personality, social behaviors, and cognitive functions. The phenotype variabilities associated with brain functions can be caused by genetic or epigenetic factors. The interactions between these factors in human subjects is, as of yet, poorly understood. The heterogeneity of cerebral tissue, consisting of neuronal and nonneuronal cells, complicates the comparative analysis of gene activities in brain specimens.

To approach the underlying neurogenomic determinants, we performed a deep analysis of open chromatin–associated histone methylation in PFC neurons sorted from multiple human individuals in conjunction with whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing.

Integrative analyses produced novel unannotated neuronal genes and revealed individual-specific chromatin 'blueprints' of neurons that, in part, relate to genetic background. Surprisingly, we observed gender-dependent epigenetic signals, implying that gender may contribute to the chromatin variabilities in neurons. Finally, we found epigenetic, allele-specific activation of the testis-specific gene nucleoporin 210 like (NUP210L) in brain in some individuals, which we link to a genetic variant occurring in <3% of the human population. Recently, the NUP210L locus has been associated with intelligence and mathematics ability. Our findings highlight the significance of epigenetic-genetic footprinting for exploring neurologic function in a subject-specific manner.
The analysis of state management based on system and structural-functional approaches allowed to identify the current needs of its development, and demonstrate that it performs the tasks of control and regulation, including the transformation of inter-ethnic and rural communities in the regions of Siberia.

It is shown that the optimal solution to this problem would be the regulatory impact assessment (RIA), as well as the construction of theoretical models for the practical implementation of state regulation of transformation processes.

It is revealed that the state ethnic and agrarian policy does not solve the problem of economic and socio-cultural transformations in the life of communities. The structure of the theoretical model of socio-cultural regulation of transforming communities is proposed.
Cavitation is one of the main sources of flow instabilities arising during the operation of hydraulic equipment and is also a cause of erosion wear of its operating elements. In this regard, the elaboration and development of various methods of cavitating flow control is an urgent problem for hampering cavitation evolution and reducing its negative impact. One of these methods is modification of the surface of a hydrofoil. In the paper, the results of an experimental study of a cavitating flow around a grooved 2D hydrofoil are presented in comparison with the ones for the original profile. In order to analyze the spatial structure and time dynamics of partial cavities and evaluate their integral parameters, a high-speed imaging was applied. The flow velocity over the hydrofoils and behind them was measured by a PIV technique. On the modified section, cavitation initiates in form of individual bubbles travelling inside the hollows that transform into cavitating streaks, when the cavitation number is decreased. While the streaks are located in the grooves and do not interact with one another, the flow regime remains stable. However, when their size becomes larger than the groove diameter, they extend beyond these hollows, interact and form an entire cavity which immediately becomes unstable and starts to oscillate. At the transitional flow regime, when cavitating streaks are formed inside the grooves, the intensity of turbulent fluctuations over the modified hydrofoil surface is decreased in comparison with the regime of transient bubble cavitation. This occurs because isolated cavities inside the grooves are likely to restore the shape of the modified foil, making the geometry of its surface closer to the original profile. Thus, the grooved section takes on a streamlined body shape due to local cavitation in the hollows. Besides, the grooves on the GV2 surface cause local flow turbulization in the near-wall region, which seems to be the reason of the delay in cavitation evolution on the grooved hydrofoil. In general, the grooves on a hydrofoil surface are capable to hinder the cavitation development to some extent and prevent the transition to unsteady flow regimes.
The article considers the analysis of unfocused lateral logs (BKZ) simulated in three-dimensional media models with a vertical fracture.

On the practical data measured in the well of Archinskoe oil-gas-condensate field (Tomsk region) we discuss the possibilities of numerical data inversion for identifying oil-productive intervals.

It was found that for the Tomsk region Upper Paleozoic deposits conditions the influence of a single thin fracture passing through the well axis on the signals is equivalent to the influence of the invaded low resistivity zone.
The genus Microschismus Fletcher, 1909 is revised for the first time. Four species are synonymised: M. serricornis Meyrick, 1914 is the junior synonym of M. fortis (Walsingham, 1881); M. ctenias Meyrick, 1911, M. columella Meyrick, 1927 and M. cato Meyrick, 1927 are the junior synonyms of M. antennatus Fletcher, 1909.

Three species are described as new: M. lenzi sp. n. (Zimbabwe), M. reginus sp. n., M. sterkfonteini sp. n. (both South Africa). A new subfamily Microschisminae subfam. n. is established. The imago and genitalia of all type specimens are illustrated for the first time. The article contains brief descriptions of imagos of the known species and detailed descriptions of their genitalia.

Identification keys based on the external characters of the imago and the male genitalia are provided.
Currently, there are no efficacious, all-purpose antiviral medicines for the treatment of ocular surface infections caused by viruses. At the same time, type III interferons demonstrate high potency for histological barriers, such as the conjunctiva. Modification of protein molecules in native products can significantly improve their pharmacodynamic properties. Thus, it seems reasonable to develop antiviral medicines based on interferon lambda (IFN-λ1) and its pegylated form (PEG IFN-λ1).

The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic effect of recombinant human IFN-λ1 and its pegylated form on Chang conjunctiva clone 1-5c-4 human conjunctival cells. Materials and methods: PEG IFN-λ1 was obtained by the electron beam immobilisation method. A normal human conjunctival cell line Chang conjunctiva clone 1-5c-4 was used for cell cultivation. The MTT test was used to assess the cytotoxic effect. Cell proliferative activity was studied by measuring microelectrode impedance. Ultrastructural changes were assessed by electron microscopy. Statistical processing was performed using the Statistica 10.0 software package.

Results: IFN-λ1 (37 μg/mL) and PEG IFN-λ1 (42 μg/mL) had no significant cytotoxic effect on the human conjunctiva cell culture and the cell proliferative activity. The analysis of ultrastructural changes demonstrated that IFN-λ1 activated metabolic processes in the cells, and PEG IFN-λ1 promoted differentiation and keratinisation of epithelial cells and led to modification of the cell membrane. A ten-fold increase in IFN-λ1 and PEG IFN-λ1 concentration (to 370 μg/mL and 420 μg/mL, respectively) reduced the cell viability by 15–20% as compared to the intact control. Conclusions: the study results demonstrated that IFN-λ1 and PEG IFN-λ1 could be used as active pharmaceutical ingredients in the development of medicines for the treatment of conjunctival viral infections.
The article presents the results of an analysis of collections and works written by the Old Believers in the 17th – 18th centuries, in order to find out how they used fragments from the works of their ideological opponents. Attention is drawn to the fact that the first generation of defenders of the Old Believers has used quotations from works written in defense of the church reform in order to refute the argument justifying the changes introduced into the rite and the liturgical practice of the Russian Orthodox Church. This method, inherited from Ancient Russia became traditional for the Old Believers.

Analysis of the collection of preparatory materials for the «Dyakon Answers» gave an opportunity to understand how the theoretical basis for such an attitude to fragments from opponents’ materials appeared. An analysis of the relevant texts of the collection made it possible to show that a fragment was usually taken out of context and interpreted according to the goals of the Old Believers.

As a result, quotes from the works of opponents turned into arguments supporting the Old Believers' point of view in discussions. The texts were quoted «word-for-word», without context but with the appropriate interpretation. «Evidence» was selected in accordance with special principles, for example, «according to the ancient Saints» or «enemies are correct in saying». It was stressed that the enemies were doing it «involuntarily» and «unwillingly». All this allowed the Old Believers to use fragments from anti-Old Believer works in authors writings and collections as authoritative arguments to confirm their interpretation of the church reform initiated by Patriarch Nikon.
The fragmentation of gas clusters of argon, nitrogen and methane during ionization by electron impact have been examined. Clusters were formed when the gas flowed through the supersonic nozzle into the vacuum. A molecular beam was selected from the supersonic jet by the skimmer, then it reached the analyzer of the quadrupole mass spectrometer Hiden Epic 1000. The ionization of the gas was carried out in the molecular beam by the intrinsic ionizer of the detector with an electron energy of 70 eV and in the supersonic jet by an electron beam (10 keV). A comparison of mass spectra obtained by both methods with different parameters of the supersonic jet has been done. The difference of the obtained cluster distribution has been substantiated; the disadvantages of using the classical configuration of quadrupole mass spectrometry have been analyzed. Dependences of the percentage composition of the recorded flows have been obtained. Distinctive "magic" cluster numbers have been found.
The significant progress in the development of multi-core fibers (MCFs) and the technology of refractive index change by fs- laser radiation [1] in the selective cores of MCF open up possibilities for the creation of new configurations of fiber lasers based on both active MCFs with inscribed fiber Bragg gratings [2] and passive MCFs in Raman lasers with random distributed feedback [3] for high-power laser applications.
Aim: We aimed to test the hypothesis that loading of dendritic cells (DCs) with both viral and tumor-specific antigens would enhance the efficacy antitumor DC-based therapy applied simultaneously with oncolytic virus. Methods: Vaccinia virus LIVP/GFP and melanoma B16-F10 were used in this study. DCs were pulsed with various combinations of viral and tumor-associated antigens. The maturation status of DCs was verified by expression of the markers CD80, CD86, and CCR7 and assessment of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-12 secretion. The most efficient combination of antigens for DC loading was selected based on the analysis of the cytotoxic activity of T lymphocytes. Combination therapy using vaccinia virus LIVP/GFP and DCs pulsed with viral and tumor-specific antigens was administered to the B16-F10 melanoma/mouse C57Bl tumor model. Results: We found that loading of DCs with viral antigens, or with a combination of viral and tumor antigens, resulted in similar levels of expression of DC maturation markers. The maximal in vitro cytotoxicity against virus-infected and non-infected B16 melanoma cells exhibited T lymphocytes activated by DCs loaded with the heat inactivated lysate of vaccinia virus LIVP/GFP infected tumor cell. The results show that the combination of vaccinia virus LIVP/GFP and DCs loaded with both tumor and viral antigens inhibit tumor growth of B16-F10 murine melanoma by more than two-fold. Conclusions: Combination therapy with oncolytic vaccinia virus LIVP/GFP and tumor/virus antigen-loaded DCs limited the growth of established melanoma B16-F10, but no synergistic antitumor effects were observed. We propose that optimization of the therapy regimen could enhance the efficiency of combination therapy.
Long term ground stability is essential for achieving the performance goals of the Next Linear Collider. To characterize ground motion on relevant time scales, measurements have been performed at three geologically different locations using a hydrostatic level system developed specifically for these studies. Comparative results from the different sites are presented in this paper.
The review contains information about the performances of employees of the Department of Oriental Studies of the Institute for Humanities of Novosibirsk State University and the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography of the SB RAS at international conferences, during which they also visited several important historical museums in northeast China. The review also touches on the famous Lamaist complexes of Inner Mongolia – Dalelinsi and Wudanzhao, the Hamin Archaeological Park with Neolithic burials, the Museum of Inner Mongolia in Baotou with its ethnographic collections, archaeological and historical materials from the Neolithic and Han eras to the New Age, as well as the Dafu Private Museum in Chaoyang (Liaoning Province), where the main local cultures of the Neolithic and Paleometal era are represented, many of which have been given the status of national Cultural Heritage of various levels.
Generation of magneto-optic effects by the interaction of the CMB with cosmic magnetic fields is studied. Effects which generate polarization such as the Cotton–Mouton effect, vacuum polarization and photon–pseudoscalar mixing in external magnetic field are studied. Considering the CMB linearly polarized at decoupling time, it is shown that photon–pseudoscalar mixing in external magnetic field, the Cotton–Mouton effect in plasma and the vacuum polarization in cosmic magnetic field, would generate elliptic polarization of the CMB depending on the photon frequency and magnetic field strength. Among standard magneto-optic effects, the Cotton–Mouton effect in plasma turns out to be the dominant effect in the generation of CMB elliptic polarization in the low frequency part ν0∼108–109Hz with degree of circular polarization PC(T0)≃10−10–10−6 for magnetic field amplitude Be0∼1nG–100nG. The vacuum polarization in magnetic field is the dominant process in the high frequency part ν0≥1010Hz where the degree of circular polarization at present is PC(T0)≲10−11 in the best scenario. The effect of pseudoscalar particles on the CMB polarization is also studied. It is shown that photon–pseudoscalar particle mixing in cosmic magnetic field generates elliptic polarization of the CMB as well and even in the case of initially unpolarized CMB. New limits/constraints on the pseudoscalar parameter space are found. By using current limit on the degree of circular polarization of the CMB, the upper limit of |gϕγ|<4.29×10−19(G/Be0)GeV−1 for mϕ<1.6×10−14eV in the weak mixing case is found. If |gϕγ|<1.17×10−24(G/Be0)GeV−1, a value of the order |gϕγ|≃10−26(G/Be0)GeV−1 for mϕ≃1.6×10−14eV in the resonant case, from large scale temperature anisotropy is obtained. Prior decoupling CMB polarization due to pseudoscalar particles is also discussed.
A new search signature for excited leptons is explored. Excited muons are sought in the channel , assuming both the production and decay occur via a contact interaction.

The analysis is based on 20.3 fb−1 of pp collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of taken with the ATLAS detector at the large hadron collider.

No evidence of excited muons is found, and limits are set at the 95% confidence level on the cross section times branching ratio as a function of the excited-muon mass . For between 1.3 and 3.0 TeV, the upper limit on ) is between 0.6 and 1 fb. Limits on are converted to lower bounds on the compositeness scale Λ. In the limiting case , excited muons with a mass below 2.8 TeV are excluded. With the same model assumptions, these limits at larger masses improve upon previous limits from traditional searches based on the gauge-mediated decay .
The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of methylation of the F2RL3, CDKN2A gene with sudden cardiac death (SCD). Material and methods . Case-control study design. The SCD group included 150 deceased men (mean age 46.7 ± 9.2 years) with the main pathological diagnoses of acute circulatory failure, acute coronary insufficiency, which meets the SCD criteria of the European Society of Cardiology. The control group included 150 men who died suddenly, but not due to cardiovascular pathology (mean age 42.6 ± 1.2 years). DNA was isolated by phenol-chloroform extraction from myocardial tissue in both groups. The methylation status of the F2RL3 gene (19: 16890405-16890606, GRCh38.p13) and the CDKN2A gene (9: 21974726-21974877, GRCh38.p13) was assessed by methyl-specific polymerase chain reaction. Results . In the SCD group, 17.3 % (26/150) had the F2RL3 gene completely methylated (MM); in 6.0 % (9/150) it is completely unmethylated (UU); 76.7 % (115/150) had both methylated and unmethylated F2RL3 (MU) gene. In the control group, 16 % (24/150) had the F2RL3 gene completely methylated (MM); in 5.3 % (8/150), it is completely unmethylated (UU); 78.7 % (118/150) had both methylated and unmethylated F2RL3 (MU) gene. When comparing the groups, there were no statistically significant differences in the methylation status of the F2RL3 gene between the groups (p > 0.05). In all subjects in the SCD group and the control group, the CDKN2A gene is completely unmethylated. Conclusions . Methylation of genes F2RL3, CDKN2A is not associated with sudden cardiac death.
Supporting two metal binding sites by a tailored polydentate trop-based (trop = 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-yl) ligand yields highly unsymmetric homobimetallic rhodium(i) complexes. These were studied as models for Rh/C hydrogenation catalysts.
Significance Neanderthals once inhabited Europe and western Asia, spreading as far east as the Altai Mountains in southern Siberia, but the geographical origin and time of arrival of the Altai populations remain unresolved. Excavations at Chagyrskaya Cave in the Altai foothills have yielded 90,000 stone artifacts, numerous bone tools, 74 Neanderthal fossils, and animal and plant remains recovered from 59,000- to 49,000-year-old deposits. The Chagyrskaya Neanderthals made distinctive stone tools that closely resemble Micoquian artifacts from eastern Europe, whereas other Altai sites occupied by earlier Neanderthal populations lack such artifacts. This suggests at least two dispersals of Neanderthals into southern Siberia, with the likely ancestral homeland of the Chagyrskaya toolmakers located 3,000 to 4,000 kilometers to the west, in eastern Europe.
We survey the results of a long-term study of the process of radiative recombination.

A rigorous theory of nonrelativistic electron radiative recombination with a hydrogen-like ion is used to calculate the total cross section of the process, the effective radiation, the recombination rate coefficient, and the emission coefficient in a plasma with a Maxwellian electron distribution.

The exact results are compared with the numerous known asymptotic and interpolation formulas. We propose interpolation formulas which ensure a uniform approximation of all mentioned quantities in a wide range of plasma temperatures.
Catalytic burner with structured Pt/θ-Al2O3/FeCrAl catalyst was developed and tested for the deep oxidation of liquified petroleum gas (LPG). The use of a FeCrAlloy wire mesh with a θ-Al2O3 protective coating as a support for Pt enabled production of a catalyst with the ability of high rates of heat removal, that is similar in performance to the most efficient powder catalysts.

The use of Pt (0.03 wt%)/θ-Al2O3/FeCrAl catalyst in the deep oxidation of LPG allows achieving minimal CO and hydrocarbon and zero NOx emissions.

During the life tests, stable operation of the catalyst was observed for 120 h.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, with increasing prevalence and no disease-modifying treatment available yet. There is increasing evidence—from interventions targeting mitochondria—that may shed some light on new strategies for the treatment of AD. Previously, using senescence-accelerated OXYS rats that simulate key characteristics of sporadic AD, we have shown that treatment with mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 (plastoquinonyl-decyltriphenylphosphonium) from age 12 to 18 months (that is, during active progression of AD-like pathology)—via improvement of mitochondrial function—prevented the neuronal loss and synaptic damage, enhanced neurotrophic supply, and decreased amyloid- β 1–42 protein levels and tau hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus. In the present study, we continued to explore the mechanisms of the anti-AD effects of SkQ1 in an OXYS rat model through deep RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and focused upon the cell-specific gene expression alterations in the hippocampus. According to RNA-seq results, OXYS rats had 1,159 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) relative to Wistar rats (control), and 6-month treatment with SkQ1 decreased their number twofold. We found that 10.5% of all DEGs in untreated (control) OXYS rats were associated with mitochondrial function, whereas SkQ1 eliminated differences in the expression of 76% of DEGs (93 from 122 genes). Using transcriptome approaches, we found that the anti-AD effects of SkQ1 are associated with an improvement of the activity of many signaling pathways and intracellular processes. SkQ1 changed the expression of genes in neuronal, glial, and endothelial cells, and these genes are related to mitochondrial function, neurotrophic and synaptic activity, calcium processes, immune and cerebrovascular systems, catabolism, degradation, and apoptosis. Thus, RNA-seq analysis yields a detailed picture of transcriptional changes during the development of AD-like pathology and can point to the molecular and genetic mechanisms of action of the agents (including SkQ1) holding promise for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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