Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯ И ДИНАМИКА СТРУКТУРЫ ПИТАНИЯ ОДИНОВСКОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ БАРАБИНСКОЙ ЛЕСОСТЕПИНА ПРОТЯЖЕНИИ III тыс.до н
We demonstrate the possibility of existence of indirect moving Wannier-Mott excitons in graphene. Electron-hole binding is conditioned by the trigonal warping of conic energy spectrum.

The binding energies are found for the lowest exciton states. These energies essentially depend on the value and direction of exciton momentum and vanish when the exciton momentum tends to the conic points.

The ways to observe the exciton states are discussed. The opportunity of experimental observation of zero-gap excitons by means of external electron scattering is examined.
The low-emittance lattice cell concept with usage of superconducting bending magnets with longitudinal field gradient and anti-bends

is applied to develop a compact storage ring for x-ray light source of high brilliance

Its synchrotron radiation generation potential is compared with existing compact light source
Large-eddy simulations are performed to investigate the internal dynamics of a fluidic oscillator over a range of Reynolds numbers Re d = 3000 – 30000. The device represents Φ-shaped configuration providing a strongly unsteady flow due to periodic oscillations based on the Coanda effect. Computational results for a mesh convergence study are presented. The conducted analysis of statistical characteristics of the flow has shown that the flow velocity in the feedback channels increases with an increase in the Reynolds number. The obtained results, such as the frequency of vibrations and the depth of the jet, perfectly match the experimental data.
Exosomes are directly involved in governing of physiological and pathological conditions of an organism through the transfer of information from producing to receiving cells. It can be assumed that exosomes are one of the key players of tumor dissemination since they are very stable and small enough to penetrate from various tissues into biological fluids and then back, thus interacting with tissue target cells. We evaluated the enzymatic activity and the level of 20S proteasome in tissue and exosomes of healthy females (n = 39) and patients with ovarian (n = 50) and breast (n = 108) tumors to reveal the critical role of exosomal cargo in the mediation of different types of metastases. Exosomes from plasma and ascites were isolated and characterized in according to International Society for Extracellular Vesicles guidelines. The level of 20S proteasome in tissue and exosomes was determined using Western blot analysis. Chymotrypsin- and caspase-like (ChTL and CL, respectively) peptidase activities of the proteasomes were determined using fluorogenic Suc-LLVY-AMC and Cbz-LLG-AMC substrates, respectively. We observed increased levels of 20S proteasome in ovarian cancer tissue and luminal B subtype breast cancer tissue as well as in plasma exosomes from cancer patients. Moreover, the level of the 20S proteasome in plasma exosomes and ascites exosomes in patients with ovarian tumors is comparable and higher in ovarian cancer patients with low volume ascites than in patients with moderate and high-volume ascites. We also found increased ChTL and CL activities in breast cancer and ovarian cancer tissues, as well as in peritoneal metastases in ovarian cancer, while proteasomal activity in exosomes from plasma of healthy females and all patients, as well as from ascites of ovarian tumor patients were lower than detection limit of assay. Thus, regardless of the type of tumor metastasis (lymphogenous or peritoneal), the exosomes of cancer patients were characterized by an increased level of 20S proteasome, which do not exhibit enzymatic activity.
Summary Described herein, the first microsatellite linkage map for the American mink consists of 85 microsatellite markers resolved into 17 linkage groups. The map was constructed using 92 F 1 progeny from five sire families created by crossing mink with different colour types. The linkage groups ranged from 0 to 137 cM. These linkage groups were assigned to 12 of the 14 mink autosomes using a somatic cell hybrid panel. The total map covered 690 sex‐averaged Kosambi units with an average marker spacing of 8 cM. This map will facilitate further genetic mapping of monogenic characters and QTL.
We report the measurement of γγ→ηc(1S),ηc(2S)→η′π+π− with η′ decays to γρ and ηπ+π− using 941 fb−1 of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. The ηc(1S) mass and width are measured to be M=[2984.6±0.7 (stat)±2.2 (syst)±0.3 (model)] MeV/c2 and Γ=[30.8+2.3−2.2 (stat)±2.5 (syst)±1.4 (model)] MeV, respectively. First observation of ηc(2S)→η′π+π− with a significance of 5.5σ including systematic error is obtained, and the ηc(2S) mass is measured to be M=[3635.1±3.7 (stat)±2.9 (syst)±0.4 (model)] MeV/c2. The products of the two-photon decay width and branching fraction (B) of decays to η′π+π− are determined to be ΓγγΓγγB=[65.4±2.6 (stat)±7.8 (syst)] eV for ηc(1S) and [5.6+1.2−1.1 (stat)±1.1 (syst)] eV for ηc(2S). The cross sections for γγ→η′π+π− and η′f2(1270) are measured for the first time.7 MoreReceived 9 May 2018DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.98.072001Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasBranching fractionHadronic decaysNonrelativistic QCDPhysical SystemsQuarkoniaPropertiesMassParitySpinParticles & Fields
Inhibition of DNA repair enzymes by the ruthenium nitrosyl complex occurs only after light irradiation and is determined by the interactions between the enzyme and active photolysis products.
This Special Issue is intended to serve as an interdisciplinary forum covering broad aspects of the science, technology, and application of synthetic and natural diamonds. The issue contains 13 papers, which highlight recent investigations and developments in diamond research related to the diverse problems of natural diamond genesis, diamond synthesis and growth using CVD and HPHT techniques, and the use of diamond in both traditional applications, such as mechanical machining of materials, and the new recently emerged areas, such as quantum technologies. The results presented in the contributions collected in this special issue clearly demonstrate that diamond occupies a very special place in modern science and technology.
Particle loss due to the emission of single energetic beamstrahlung photons in beam collisions is shown to impose a fundamental limit on storage-ring luminosities at energies greater than 2E 0 ∼ 140 GeV for head-on collisions and 2E 0 ∼ 40 GeV for crab-waist collisions.

Above these threshold energies, the suppression factor due to beamstrahlung scales as 1/E 4/3 0 , and for a fixed power of synchrotron radiation, the luminosity L ∝ R/E 13/3 0 , where R is the collider radius.

For 2E 0 150 GeV, both collision schemes have similar luminosity limits. The luminosities attainable at storage-ring and linear-collider (LC) 2E 0 ∼ 240 GeV Higgs factories are comparable; at higher energies, LCs are preferable. This conference paper is based on my recent PRL publication [1] supplemented with additional comments on linac-ring e + e -colliders and ring e + e -colliders with charge compensation (four-beam collisions).
It was shown that Shockley-Read-Hall-like transport equations, which describe 1D transport through dielectric layers, might incorrectly describe the charge flow through the ultra-thin layers with a countable number of traps, taking into account injection-from and extraction-to electrodes (contacts). A comparison with other theoretical models shows a good agreement.

In this study, we developed a discrete theory of the charge transport in thin dielectric films by trapped electrons or holes, that is applicable both for the case of countable and a large number of traps. The model, formulated in a system of linear algebraic equations, can be implemented in the computational code using different optimized libraries.

The developed model can be applied to one-, two- and three-dimensional systems. We demonstrated that analytical solutions can be found for stationary cases for any trap distribution and for dynamics of system evolution for special cases. These solutions can be used to test the code and for studying of charge transport properties of thin dielectric films.
Most true lizards (Lacertidae) share a conservative karyotype, consisting of 18 pairs of macrochromosomes and one microchromosome pair. Homeologues of the microchromosome are present in other squamates and even in chickens. No structural autosomal microchromosome polymorphisms have been described previously in lizards. We found homozygous and heterozygous carriers of a microchromosome variant in a Siberian population of the sand lizard, Lacerta agilis Linnaeus, 1758. The variant microchromosome was almost twice as long as the standard one. In heterozygotes at pachytene, the microchromosomes firstly pair in proximal regions and the central part of the longer axial element undergoes foldback synapsis, then its distal region pairs with the distal region of the standard partner. At metaphase-I, the heteromorphic microchromosome bivalents have a proximal chiasma. The content of the additional segment was Ag-NOR, C-like DAPI, CMA3 negative. FISH with telomere PNA probe did not detect interstitial (TTAGGG)n sequences in the heteromorphic and any other bivalents. Both homo- and heterozygous carriers were phenotypically normal. The presence of homozygotes shows that heterozygotes are fertile. Reduction in the number of microchromosomes is a clear trend in squamate evolution, as a result of microchromosomes fusing together or with macrochromosomes. Our findings indicate that gaining additional DNA may lead to a transformation of microchromosomes into small macrochromosomes without fusion.
The influence of annealing dynamics on the size and orientation of copper foil grains used for graphene synthesis at chemical deposition from the gas phase was studied.

Annealing was carried out in argon and hydrogen atmospheres setting a constant temperature profile on the processed substrate and temperature gradient along the substrate. The temperature range and times were chosen in accordance with the regimes effective for graphene synthesis.

It was shown that hydrogen has a significant effect on the growth of grains. Orientation of large grains, formed on the copper surface due to secondary crystallization, was random in the studied regimes.
Elaboration of a predictive and well validated kinetic mechanism for combustion of H 2 /CO mixtures is the key to development of advanced technologies for effective syngas burning in power generation systems. Moreover, understanding the combustion chemistry of H 2 /CO mixtures is a prerequisite for a comprehensive description of hydrocarbons chemistry and development of predictive chemical kinetic models for combustion of transportation fuels.

In this work we report new experimental data for chemical speciation in the atmospheric pressure burner-stabilized premixed flames diluted with Ar and fuelled with H 2 /CO (1:1) mixture at equivalence ratios of 1 and 2. Flame sampling molecular beam mass spectrometry with soft electron ionization was used to examine the flames. Recent detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms for syngas combustion available from literature were used to simulate the experimental profiles with the CHEMKIN code.

A compact kinetic mechanism including 11 species and 16 reactions was elaborated to reproduce the experimental data.
It is well known that infinite head to tail chains built of zwitterions linked to each other by N-H...O hydrogen bonds are common structural motifs in crystals of amino acids. These chains coincide with directions of the smallest compressibility of a crystal structure on cooling and increasing pressure and can even remain after structural phase transitions. However one should take into account the dual nature of these chains. From the one hand zwitterions of amino acids are linked by N-H...O hydrogen bonds formed from the head, amino group, and the tail, carboxylate group. From the other hand besides hydrogen bonding there is electrostatic interactions which occur between positively charged amino group and negatively charged carboxylate group. Being guided by an idea to distinguish electrostatic contribution from the charge assisted N-H...O hydrogen bonds and to understand their role in the crystal structure distortion on increasing pressure, two crystal structures of N-methyl derivatives of the simplest amino acid glycine are considered as a case study. N-methylglycine or sarcosine has two donors for hydrogen bonding and so forms two infinite head to tail chains in the structure whereas N,N,N-trimethylglycine or betaine has no hydrogen bonds at all, but its zwitterions are lined up resembling head to tail chains. The effect of increasing hydrostatic pressure is different for two crystals. The structure of betaine compresses anisotropically, but sarcosine undergoes a phase transition accompanying crystal fragmentation and changes in N-H...O hydrogen bonds. The phase transition is kinetically controlled and strongly depends on the rate of variation of pressure. Of special interest is distortion of head to tail chains on increasing pressure comparing with those observed in polymorphic modifications of glycine.
We investigate the fundamental problem of the nonlinear wavefield scattering data corrections in response to a perturbation of initial condition using inverse scattering transform theory.

We present a complete theoretical linear perturbation framework to evaluate first-order corrections of the full set of the scattering data within the integrable one-dimensional focusing nonlinear Schr"odinger (NLSE) equation. Applying the developed theory to a classic box-shaped wavefield we solve the derived equations analytically for a single Fourier mode acting as a perturbation to the initial condition, thus, leading to the sensitivity closed-form expressions for basic soliton characteristics, i.e. the amplitude, velocity, phase and its position. With the appropriate statistical averaging we model the soliton noise-induced effects resulting in compact relations for standard deviations of soliton parameters.

The general scattering data portrait reveals nonlinear coherent structures - solitons - playing the key role in the wavefield evolution. Relying on a concept of a virtual soliton eigenvalue we derive the probability of a soliton emergence or the opposite due to noise and illustrate these theoretical predictions with direct numerical simulations of the NLSE evolution. The presented framework can be generalised to other integrable systems and wavefield patterns.
The crystal structures of intercalated transition metal dichalcogenides of the type 12R can be characterized by trigonal symmetry as determined by the structure from single crystal X-ray diffraction data [1].Metal atoms of the MS 2 partial structure (M = Nb or Ta) have trigonal prismatic coordination.Cu atoms and additional M atoms may be incorporated on octahedral and tetrahedral sites in the Van der Waals gaps between layers MS 2 .

Here we present the structural studies of selected intercalated compounds at different temperatures between 80K and 400K using singlecrystal X-ray diffraction data.

The interest in these compounds is the phase transitions related to ordering of the intercalated atoms and charge-density wave transitions at different temperatures.
Introduction . According to Russian Association of Urology a number of infertile couples ranges from 8 to 17.2 % in various regions of Russia. One of the causes of which is the male factor. Raising the age of the father reduces the chance of conception, increases the risk of early termination of pregnancy and the risk of certain diseases of the child. In this regard the existing knowledge of age-related changes in ejaculate parameters needs to be de veloped. This is particularly true for men of infertile couples. The study objective – to investigate the age patterns of change in the spermological status of infertile men and identify the most age-related variations. Materials and methods . Research design – observation, retrospective, crossection. Analysis of the medical records of 517 Novosibirsk male residents from couples with infertility in marriage was made. The sampling is divided into 5 age groups: 1 st group (n = 108) – men of ≤29.9 years old; 2 nd group (n = 171) – 30.0–34.9 years old; 3 rd group (n = 130) – 35.0–39.9 years old; 4 th group (n = 68) – 40.0–44.9 years old; 5 th group (n = 40) – ≥45.0 years old. Results . Median of male age in total sample – 34 years, frequency of persons over 40 years – 21 %. Overall sample shows a decline in reference values of proportion of morphologically normal forms – 3.0 (1.5–5.0) % and increase in sperm DNA fragmentation index (SDFI) – 16.0 (11.0–22.2) %. In groups from 1st to 5th there is an age-specific decrease in ejaculate volume (3.5 (2.5–4.8) ml; 3.3 (2.4–4.2) ml; 3.2 (2.4–4.5) ml; 3.0 (1.7–4.9) ml; 2.7 (1.9–3.5) ml, р 1–5 <0.005) and sperm count (127.1 (58.8–264.0) million; 122.5 (62.4–214.0) million; 118.5 (52.8–217.5) million; 98.0 (58.5–199.5) million; 81.0 (36.5–137.9) million, р 1–5, 2–5 <0.005). SDFI has an age-associated increase in the value of the indicator (14.4 (10.8–19.5) %; 15.0 (10.0–21.0) %; 17.2 (11.0–22.0) %; 18.5 (14.0–24.2) %; 19.2 (13.2–29.6) %, р 1–4 <0.005). Conclusion . It was first time shown for the male population of Novosibirsk of Siberian Federal District that a reduction in the proportion of morphologically normal sperm below the reference values observed in the total sample and it did not depend on the age of the men examined. Only three of the examined indicators of sperm status studied infertile males had a significant age dependency: ejaculate volume decrease, reduction of total sperm, increased DNA fragmentation of sperm. The lack of a reliable influence of age on HBA-test indicators was first shown. However the trends identified require further study. The results show that age-associated increase in DNA fragmentation of sperm starts with young men under 30, and underscores the need to define SDFI in actual clinical practice. And negative processes of age influence on the quantitative, morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of sperm occur most frequently in men after 40 years.
Chloromyxum thymalli infects the gall bladder of fishes belonging to the genus Thymallus.

Here, we provide morphological, histological, and molecular data to complete the original description. Rounded plasmodia measured from 25 to 30 µm in diameter and contain 8 developing spores at most. Spores are typical of the genus Chloromyxum. Mature spores are subspherical, (mean ± SD) 9.05 ± 0.08 µm (range: 7.75-10.03 µm) long, and 8.81 ± 0.09 µm (range: 7.19-10.01 µm) wide. Four pyriform polar capsules are equal in size, 3.4 µm long and 2.7 µm wide on average. Histopathological analysis showed that presporogonic stages were found in the lamina propria under the epithelial cells of the host's gall bladder and destroyed the integrity of the epithelium.

The obtained SSU rDNA sequences of C. thymalli did not match any available sequences in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis showed that C. thymalli forms a sister cluster with C. truttae, with a subclade of Chloromyxum spp. that infect the gall bladder of freshwater teleosts.
The authors address an important problem of timely evaluation of tsunami danger after offshore underwater earthquake. In case of Japan it takes nearly 20 minutes for the wave to approach the nearest coast after the seismic event. In this paper we continue to study the influence of tsunami source parameters on the distribution of the wave heights along the coast. As a rule, tsunami wave heights have sharp maximums at selected points of the coast. So, after seismic event the wave may be dangerous only at a few locations. Numerical tests show dependence of the distribution of such maximal wave heights from the orientation of the initial sea bed (sea surface) displacement, which has a form close to reconstruction of historic event at South-East of Japan.
The CMD-3 detector has been collecting data since 2010 at the e+e− collider VEPP-2000 in the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. VEPP-2000 uses the novel round beam technique and provides high luminosity in a wide c.m.energy range from 0.32 to 2 GeV.

CMD-3 is a general-purpose detector, which provides high efficiency for both charged and neutral particles. The electromagnetic calorimeter consists of the barrel calorimeter based on liquid xenon and CsI crystals, and the endcap calorimeter based on BGO crystals.

The physics goal of the CMD-3 experiment is a study of the e+e− annihilation into hadrons. The main parameters of the calorimeters are presented.
This paper describes the results of the influence of Y-chromosome gene complex on pre- and postnatal growth of piglets of laboratory mini-pigs ICG SB RAS. Breeding group includes four genealogical lines of boars united by a successive father-son relationship. Three lines: MS2853, MS2987, and VTN300 inherited their Y chromosomes from boars of Vietnamese-South Asian breed. The fourth line (LNDR07) received Y chromosome from the Landrace boar. This study revealed that all three lines of boars carrying Asian Y chromosome did not differ in weight of newborn offspring, while the weight and, correspondingly, prenatal growth of newborns of boars carrying European Y chromosome were statistically significantly less. Thus, at this stage of research, there is reason to believe that the selection group of mini-pigs ICG SB RAS contains polymorphism in the complex of Y-chromosome genes involved in the control of prenatal growth process. An assumption was considered that growth retardation during prenatal and early postnatal periods, as well as an increased proportion of culled offspring of boars carrying European Y chromosome can be caused by poor compatibility of its gene complex with the allele pool inherited from the mini pigs ICG SB RAS from Vietnamese breed.
The results of the investigation on the accumulation of cadmium by water hyacinth, depending on the conditions of pollutant exposure and the presence of various additives are discussed. The main specialty of this study is that all the experiments were carried out in natural conditions using the approach based on the application of the capacities called minicosms. It allowed estimating hit consequences of pollutant on ecosystem most really having made experiment in the conditions as much as possible close to the natural. In this article a very important problem of an accuracy and reliability of the results of trace elements determination in plants is also debated. As a result of carried investigations it was shown that the degree of cadmium extraction by hyacinth from contaminated natural water while maintaining the viability of the plants depends on the way of pollutant introducing into the reservoir and the maximum (about 79%) value is observed in the case of it’s gradual entry.
The paper presents data on the effect of a distributed roughness of the blunted nose of the cone on the position of the laminar-turbulent transition.

The studies were carried out at Mach number 5.95.

It is found that the position of the roughness plays an important role in the transition process, it is obtained that the roughness has the greatest effect on the transition when applied to an angle Θ ≈ 90 °. It was found that the presence of a roughness on the nose of the model, even at subcritical Reynolds numbers, affects the pulsation processes in the boundary layer.