Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Fucoxanthin is a natural carotenoid obtained from seaweed which exhibits antioxidant properties.

This research aimed to assess whether fucoxanthin, immobilized on aluminum-silicon carrier particles, has a toxic effect on immune cells. The viability, proliferation, nitric oxide production and myeloperoxidase activity of thymocytes and splenocytes of mice in vitro were studied.

It was shown that fucoxanthin, immobilized on aluminum-silicon carrier particles, increased the survival rate and proliferation of mature immunocytes (splenocytes) after 24 hours exposure and increased the survival rate of naïve immunocytes (thymocytes) when exposed for 120 hours. In terms of myeloperoxidase, the activity of the immune cells was not affected by fucoxanthin immobilized on the carrier particles. The obtained results indicated that fucoxanthin, immobilized on particles of an aluminum-silicon carrier, did not have a toxic effect on mouse immunocytes.
The earliest art of Western Europe was evolving together with the Homo sapiens population of hunter-gatherers in the glacial environment of the northern hemisphere over the entire Upper Paleolithic (36–13 ka BP). The most important rock art sites, such as Altamira and La Garma in Spain, and Lascaux, Niaux, Cussac, and Chauvet in France, are relevant to the socio-cultural behavior and needs of anatomically modern humans.

In this paper, we intend to identify certain changes in the symbolic language, in the ways animals are rendered, and in the layout of artistic space over 15,000 years separating the two key rock art galleries with the best preserved representations: Chauvet (36 ka BP) and Lascaux (21 ka BP).

Chauvet, discovered in 1994, is located in the Ardèche Valley near the Mediterranean coast. In this large cave, numerous new kinds of Upper Paleolithic rock art were documented, spanning two distinct occupation periods between 37,000–30,000 years ago. The early stage is the Aurignacian with black zoomorphic paintings, dating to 37,000–33,500 BP. Lascaux, discovered in 1940, is situated in the Vézère Valley, 120 km away from the Atlantic coast, among a large cluster of rupestral art sites in caves and rock shelters. Today, the cave is closed for the public because intense tourist activities over many years from its discovery until 1963 have disrupted the microclimate of the cave and endangered the paintings.
In recent years, a huge amount of molecular data has been accumulated, revealing the pathogenic mechanisms of diabetes and its complications. Data mining and text mining open up new possibilities for processing this information.

Analysis of gene networks makes it possible to identify molecular interactions that are important for the development of diabetes and its complications, as well as to identify new targeted molecules. Based on the big data analysis and machine learning, new platforms have been created for prediction and screening of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. Machine learning algorithms are applied for personalized prediction of glucose trends, in the closed-loop insulin delivery systems and decision support systems for lifestyle modification and diabetes treatment. The use of artificial intelligence for the analysis of large databases, registers, and real-world evidence studies seems to be promising.

The introduction of artificial intelligence systems is in line with global trends in modern medicine, including the transition to digital and distant technologies, personification of treatment, high-precision forecasting and patient-centered care. There is an urgent need for further research in this field, with an assessment of the clinical effectiveness and economic feasibility.
We report preliminary results on the measurement of the e + e -→ K + K -π + π -cross section in the c. m. energy range from 1.5 GeV to 2 GeV.It was found that the cross section is dominated by the contributions of the K + K -ρ, K * Kπ, φ π + π -and K * K * intermediate states.
Some nuclear spin systems support long-lived states, which display greatly extended relaxation times relative to the relaxation time of nuclear spin magnetization. In spin-1/2 pairs, such a long-lived state is given by singlet order, representing the difference of the population of the nuclear singlet state and the mean population of the three triplets. In many cases, the experiments with long-lived singlet order are very time-consuming because of the need to wait for singlet order decay before the experiment can be repeated; otherwise, spin order remaining from a previous measurement may lead to experimental artifacts.

Here, we propose techniques for fast and efficient singlet order destruction. These methods exploit coherent singlet-triplet conversion; in some cases, multiple conversion steps are introduced.

We demonstrate that singlet order destruction enables a dramatic reduction of the waiting time between consecutive experiments and suggest to use this approach in singlet-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments with nearly equivalent spins.
LiGaS 2 crystals are grown, and the high thermal conductivity is established. Analysis of temperature dependences of various properties reveals side phases, and isotropic points in birefringence, photo-, thermo-, and pyroluminescence.
The calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated proteins (CAMSAPs) belong to a conserved protein family, which includes members that bind the polymerizing microtubule (MT) minus ends and remain associated with the MT lattice formed by minus end polymerization. Only one of the three mammalian CAMSAPs, CAMSAP1, localizes to the mitotic spindle but its function is unclear. In Drosophila, there is only one CAMSAP, named Patronin. Previous work has shown that Patronin stabilizes the minus ends of non-mitotic MTs and is required for proper spindle elongation.

Here we have explored the role of Patronin in Drosophila mitosis using S2 tissue culture cells as a model system. We show that Patronin associates with different types of MT bundles within the Drosophila mitotic spindle, and that it is required for their stability. Imaging of living cells expressing Patronin-GFP showed that Patronin displays a dynamic behavior. In prometaphase cells, Patronin accumulates on short segments of MT bundles located near the chromosomes. These Patronin 'seeds' extend towards the cell poles and stop growing just before reaching the poles. Our data also suggest that Patronin localization is largely independent of proteins acting at the MT minus ends such as Asp and Klp10A.

Our results suggest a working hypothesis about the mitotic role of Patronin. We propose that Patronin binds the minus ends within MT bundles, including those generated from the walls of preexisting MTs via the augmin-mediated pathway. This would help maintaining MT association within the mitotic bundles, thereby stabilizing the spindle structure. Our data also raise the intriguing possibility that the minus ends of bundled MTs can undergo a limited polymerization.
Swirl flows are used in a wide range of industrial applications. In non-reacting cases, examples of applications include vortex amplifiers and reactors, heat exchangers, jet pumps, and cyclone separators. In reacting cases, swirlers are widely used in combustion systems, such as gas turbines, industrial furnaces, boilers, gasoline and diesel engines, and many other practical heating devices. Effects of using swirl on flow and combustion are significant and varied, and concern, for example, aerodynamics, mixing, flame stability, intensity of combustion, and pollutant emissions. The purpose of this book is to present recent research efforts to understand and characterize swirling flows of different types and in different applications. These include gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels in order to enhance combustion systems and their energy efficiency. Swirl flows are very complex and the studies proposed in this project are based on different means, including theoretical calculations, numerical modeling, and experimental measurements.
In the present paper, we investigate a family of circulant graphs with non-fixed jumpsGn= Cβn(s1, ... , sk, α1n, ... , αln), 1 ≤ s1< ... < sk≤ [βn/2], 1 ≤ α1< ... < αl ≤ [β/2]. Here n is an arbitrary large natural number and integers s1, ... , sk, α1, ... , αl are supposed to be fixed.First, we present an explicit formula for the number of spanning trees in the graph Gn. This formula is a product of βsk-1 factors, each given by the n-th Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind evaluated at the roots of some prescribed polynomial of degree sk. Next, we provide some arithmetic properties of the complexity function. We show that the number of spanning trees in Gn can be represented in the form τ(n) = p n a(n)2, where a(n) is an integer sequence and p is a prescribed natural number depending of parity of β and n. Finally, we find an asymptotic formula for τ(n) through the Mahler measure of the associated Laurent polynomials differing by a constant from 2k - ∑i = 1k(zsi+z−si).
We report on a simple approach for efficient NMR proton hyperpolarization of propane using the parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) technique, which yielded ≈6.2 % proton polarization using ≈80 % parahydrogen, a record level achieved with any hyperpolarization technique for propane. Unlike in previously developed approaches designed for continuous-flow operation, where reactants (propene and parahydrogen) are simultaneously loaded for homogeneous or heterogeneous pairwise addition of parahydrogen, here a batch-mode method is applied: propene is first loaded into the catalyst-containing solution, which is followed by homogeneous hydrogenation via parahydrogen bubbling delivered at ≈7.1 atm. The achieved nuclear spin polarization of this contrast agent potentially useful for pulmonary imaging is approximately two orders of magnitude greater than that achieved in the continuous-flow homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation, and a factor of 3-10 more efficient compared to the typical results of heterogeneous continuous-flow hydrogenations.
The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is globally expanding and has become the main vector for human arboviruses in Europe. Here we present AalbF2, a dramatically improved assembly of the Ae. albopictus genome that has revealed widespread viral insertions, novel microRNAs and piRNA clusters, the sex determining locus, new immunity genes, and has enabled genome-wide studies of geographically diverse Ae. albopictus populations and analyses of the developmental and stage-dependent network of expression data. Additionally, we built the first physical map for this species with 75% of the assembled genome anchored to the chromosomes. These up-to-date resources of the genome provide a foundation to improve understanding of the adaptation potential and the epidemiological relevance of this species and foster the development of innovative control measures. One Sentence Summary Long-read and Hi-C-based de novo assembly of the arboviral vector Aedes albopictus genome fosters deeper understanding of its biological features.
Analytical solution of the segregation problem was found for the arbitrary crystal growth law using the quasi-steady-state approximation. The segregation is caused by the displacement of dissolved gas by moving plane crystallization front. The effect of solidification shrinkage on the crystallization process was taken into account. It is shown that in the case of "equilibrium crystallization" (when the growth rate is in inverse ratio to time) the solution of the problem becomes self-similar. In this case gas concentration at the crystallization front stays the same during the whole process while the diffusion layer thickness increases with time.
The talk examines a system of pairwise interaction particles, which models a rarefied gas in accordance with the nonlinear Boltzmann equation, the master equations of Markov evolution of this system and corresponding numerical Monte Carlo methods. Selection of some optimal method for simulation of rarefied gas dynamics depends on the spatial size of the gas flow domain. For problems with the Knudsen number Kn of order unity 'imitation', or 'continuous time', Monte Carlo methods ([2]) are quite adequate and competitive. However if Kn ≤ 0.1 (the large sizes), excessive punctuality, namely, the need to see all the pairs of particles in the latter, leads to a significant increase in computational cost(complexity).

We are interested in to construct the optimal methods for Boltzmann equation problems with large enough spatial sizes of the flow. Speaking of the optimal, we mean that we are talking about algorithms for parallel computation to be implemented on high-performance multi-processor computers. The characteristic property of large systems is the weak dependence of sub-parts of each other at a sufficiently small time intervals. This property is taken into account in the approximate methods using various splittings of operator of corresponding master equations. In the paper, we develop the approximate method based on the splitting of the operator of master equations system 'over groups of particles' ([7]). The essence of the method is that the system of particles is divided into spatial subparts which are modeled independently for small intervals of time, using the precise'imitation' method. The type of splitting used is different from other well-known type 'over collisions and displacements', which is an attribute of the known Direct simulation Monte Carlo methods. The second attribute of the last ones is the grid of the 'interaction cells', which is completely absent in the imitation methods. The main of talk is parallelization of the imitation algorithms with splitting using the MPI library.

New constructed algorithms are applied to solve the problems: on propagation of the temperature discontinuity and on plane Poiseuille flow in the field of external forces. In particular, on the basis of numerical solutions, comparative estimates of the computational cost are given for all algorithms under consideration.
A theoretical model of internal solitary waves of large amplitude in a weakly stratified fluid is considered. It is assumed that the background density profile depends linearly or exponentially on the fluid depth.

It is demonstrated that inverse problem on determining fine-scale structure of the density profile by a known curve of amplitude dispersion is reduced to solving a linear Fredholm integral equation of the first kind having special form of the kernel.

The one-to-one correspondence between the density coefficient and the dispersion function is established in the case of analytical stratification.
Astronomical observations of recent years show that the universe at high redshifts about ten is densely populated by the early formed objects: bright galaxies, quasars, gamma-bursters, and contains a lot of metals and dust.Such rich early formed varieties have not been expected in the standard model of formation of astrophysical objects.There is serious tension between the standard theory and observations.

We describe the model which naturally relaxes this tension and nicely fits the data.

The model naturally leads to creation of cosmologically significant antimatter which may be abundant even in the Galaxy.Phenomenological consequences of our scenario and possibility of distant registration of antimatter are discussed.
The study is focused on metapelitic granulites of Cape Kaltygei (Western Baikal region) that contain a diagnostic mineral assemblage of ultrahigh temperature (UHT) metamorphic rocks (orthopyroxene+sillimanite+quartz). The U/Pb zircon age estimates for metamorphism (~1.87 Ga) support the data published by other researchers.

The pseudosection-based thermobarometry yields peak metamorphic temperature and pressure values (T=950 °C, P=~9 kbar) and suggests near-isobaric cooling (IBC) conditions during the retrograde evolution of the granulites. The SHRIMP-II U-Pb dating of zircon cores yields a minimum protolith age of 1.94–1.91 Ga.

Biotites and amphiboles from granulites of Cape Kaltygei show the 40 Ar/ 39 Ar isotopic ages that are close to the Early Paleozoic accretion-collision system of the Western Baikal region.
The results of numerical modeling of steel plate laser cutting with nitrogen as assist gas with consideration of heat transfer into a bulk material are presented. In this work we studied a distribution of absorbed radiation energy inside cut kerf and the difference between CO2 and fiber laser radiation propagation and absorption. The influence of secondary absorption of reflected from the cut front radiation on stability of melt hydrodynamics is discussed for different laser types.
Stimulated emission (SE) at wavelengths up to 20.3 μm (14.7 THz) is demonstrated from HgCdTe based quantum well heterostructures. The mitigation of Auger processes resulting from «graphene-like» energy spectrum in structures under study is exemplified. By studying the carrier lifetime via time resolved photoconductivity and transmission pump-probe measurements we show that further increase in SE wavelength is feasible and discuss the promising routes towards the 5 – 15 THz frequency domain, where quantum cascade lasers are scarce and HgCdTe lasers may be competitive to the prominent emitters.
We study the potential impact of a possible warming in the Arctic Ocean in the 21st century on the methane hydrates stability zone.

In order to assess the space-time variability of the ocean bottom temperature, we employ a regional version of a coupled ice-ocean model that has been developed at the Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics, Siberian Brunch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. This study is based on a combination of the coupled ocean-ice model and a one-dimensional thermal diffusion sediment model. As an atmospheric forcing, some results obtained with CMIP5 climate models simulated with the RCP8.5 scenario (from 2006-2100) are used.

We have found that warm North Atlantic water will have a major influence on the Arctic gas hydrates. In such regions as the Barents Sea, the West Svalbard continental margin, and the continental shelf of Norway methane hydrates may exist in shallow waters, where the strongest warming occurs. For this reason, these regions are most vulnerable to releasing methane into the ocean and the atmosphere when the sea water temperature is increased by approximately 2-3 °C. According to our estimates, the seafloor water warming in these areas during the next 100 years may lead to a shift in the upper boundary of the gas hydrates stability zone by 10-110 m.
The innovation and resource factor of economic development has been studied actively, since the middle of the 20th century. The problem of taking into account the innovative factor in regression analysis is urgent now. Several empirical indicators correspond to the innovation factor, but they cannot fully reflect the meaning of innovation used in theoretical models. There is a need to choose the indicator that would least distort the essence of the scientific and technical progress. We use panel regressions and data about Russian regions for 2014-2018. . It was shown, that that the resource factor has a positive effect on economic growth, and the innovation factor is insignificant.
The diffusion of single-walled carbon nanotubes was studied experimentally and by the molecular dynamics method. The experiments used the dynamic light scattering method. Distributions and average values of diffusion coefficients of molecules of surfactants and nanotubes in nanofluids based on water were obtained. It was found that these distributions, even at low concentrations of nanotubes, can have two maxima corresponding to tubes of different sizes. The effect of centrifugation on the size distribution of nanotubes has been studied. The diffusion of one-dimensional and three-dimensional models of nanotubes in water has been studied by the molecular dynamics method. The velocity autocorrelation functions of of nanotubes of different lengths have been calculated. The presence of a negative region of these functions for small nanotubes has been established. The dependencies of the diffusion coefficient on the length are determined for both models used.
The Guillemin-Uribe trace formula is a semiclassical version of the Selberg trace formula and the more general Duistermaat-Guillemin formula for elliptic operators on compact manifolds, which reflects the dynamics of magnetic geodesic flows in terms of eigenvalues of a natural differential operator (the magnetic Laplacian) associated with the magnetic field.In the present paper, we give a survey of basic notions and results related with the Guillemin-Uribe trace formula and provide concrete examples of its computation for two-dimensional constant curvature surfaces with constant magnetic fields and for the Katok example.
Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy was used here to study tobacco male meiosis. Three-dimensional ultrastructural analyses revealed that intercellular nuclear migration (INM) occurs in 90–100% of tobacco meiocytes. At the very beginning of meiosis, every meiocyte connected with neighboring cells by more than 100 channels was capable of INM. At leptotene and zygotene, the nucleus in most tobacco meiocytes approached the cell wall and formed nuclear protuberances (NPs) that crossed the cell wall through the channels and got into the cytoplasm of a neighboring cell. The NPs did not separate from the migrating nuclei and never produced micronuclei. Approximately 70% of NPs reached nuclei of neighboring cells. The NPs and the nuclei they reached got very close, and the gap between their nuclear membranes became indistinguishable in some cases. At pachytene, NPs detached from the nuclei of neighboring cells and came back into their own cells. After that, the INM stopped. The reason for such behavior of nuclei is unclear. INM probably causes a short-lived fusion of two nuclei and thus has a potential to form aneuploid or unreduced pollen. We consider INM a normal part of tobacco meiosis.