Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The paper studied the regularities of the formation of interactions between participants of the investment project of low-rise housing construction in Russia and developed the method of effectiveness assessment.Goal.The development of basic organizational model of interaction in the implementation of investment projects of low-rise housing construction in Russia.Methods.In this paper, with the help of statistical methods we analyzed investment projects of low-rise housing construction, simulation methods contributed to developing the basic model of interaction of subjects of investment project, using econometric methods we identified basic functions of the considered actors and identified the main risks arising in the course of the project, as well as methods of indicative planning helped to develop a new scheme of interaction between the participants of the investment project of low-rise residential buildings and effectiveness estimation of their interactions.Application area.These results can be applied in the development of sectoral territorial planning documents, as well as in programs for the construction industry development, including low-rise housing.Results.The patterns, the problems of interactions between investment project participants are identified and the economic nature of these problems is reveiled.The authors have shown a new basic model of interaction of actors of low-rise housing construction and the method of evaluating the effectiveness of their interaction.Significance.The importance of this article derives from the fact that with the help of the developed model of interaction of the main actors of the low-rise housing qualitative-functional and subjective spheres can be identified in which functions of low-rise housing actors vary depending on a variety of investment techniques.This model shows the interaction between the actors of the investment project andThis work was performed within the framework of the Russian President's grant number MK-5341.2016.6 "Formation of the conceptual regional model of management intensification of the implementation of public-private partnership projects in low-rise construction to meet the requirements of energy efficiency"
The article provides analysis of “noise” as a means of competition in the interactions of individuals or populations, based on the idea of communication (intraspecific) as the most specialized form of competition for a social resource. There are signs-intermediaries and information exchange; hence, the winner is not the one who is stronger or more successful in “hitting” the opponent or otherwise influencing them, but who adequately rearranges the behavioral model based on the signal information and better predicts how to confront the partner in the next step of the process. When transferring the idea of communication as a competitive communication, mediated by information exchange, in the area of competitive interactions of the species itself, it turns out that there are the same mediators in the form of specialized feeding methods and / or territorial exploitation strategies, the deployment of which “takes information into account” from the habitat structure on the signal features of the latter, etc.That is, even ordinary operational competition may be to some extent information interaction. Naturally, the winner is the species, whose population better maintains the stability of relations in the presence of disturbances associated with “eating away” a part of resources by competitors from other species moving along the same “lace” of habitats. Often they consume a resource less efficiently than the above mentioned species, since less specialized, but create a “noise” disorienting it. Predictable consumption of a resource in the territories of a specialist species forms a signal field that facilitates each of its individuals to “build” the tactics of collecting food “for tomorrow”, and the unpredictable consumption of a close species-generalist “confuses”.
The American mink (Mustela vison) represents the large family Mustelidae. The family belongs to the order of Carnivora and includes many dozens of species living in a broad range of biotopes, from the Arctic to tropical zones. Carnivores are of great interest in comparative gene mapping in mammals. Giemsa banding with trypsin analysis has shown that chromosome divergence in Mustelidae, despite the considerable variation in number and morphology of chromosomes, mainly resulted from rearrangements of virtually constant elements, probably representing the remains of an ancestral karyotype (Graphodatsky and others 1989; Wuster-Hill and Centerwall 1982). A similar situation was reported in the families Canidae and Ursidae (Graphodatsky and others 1995; Nash and O'Brien 1987; Wurster-Hill and Centerwall 1982). Moreover, the comparison of the Giemsabanding chromosomes of Carnivora and species belonging to other orders—primates, rodents, or ungulates—demonstrated that in some cases there is a similarity in the Giemsabanding patterns for large chromosome regions of the distantly related species (Graphodatsky 1989; Nash and O'Brien 1982). However, supplementary data on gene mapping are needed to decide whether this similarity reflects true homology and to reach reliable conclusions about the chromosome evolution of mammals (O'Brien and others 1993; Wakefield and Graves 1996). For a long time, the efforts of mink breeders were focused on the identification of mutations affecting coat color genes. At the time of this writing, approximately 30 coat color mutations have been identified in mink. Most of them (at least 20) are controlled by independent autosomal loci (Nes and others 1988; Robinson 1975; Shackelford 1948). It is reasonable to expect that some of them are linked because a haploid set of mink chromosomes contains 14 autosomes plus the X or Y sex chromosome (Christensen and others 1996; Mandahl and Fredga 1975). However, there has been only 1 description of linkage of 2 coat color mutations, Ebony (Eb) and royal pastel (b) (Shackelford 1949). In this paper, I present the current state of gene mapping of mink, based on data obtained from traditional breeding, somatic cell hybridization, chromosome-mediated or interphase nuclei-mediated gene transfer procedures, and in situ hybridization.
Identifying authorship correctly and efficiently is a difficult problem when the literature is abundant, but poorly recorded.Homonyms are tedious to differentiate.This paper describes how the field of economics has organized itself with respect to author identification.We describe the RePEc project with a special emphasis on the
Using the cubic Ginzburg-Landau equation as an example

we demonstrate how the inverse scattering transform can be applied to characterize coherent structures in dissipative nonlinear systems

Using this approach one can reduce the number of the effective degrees of freedom in the system when the dynamic is dominated by the coherent structures, even if they are embedded in the dispersive waves and demonstrate unstable behavior
The paper presents an improvement of the heated thin foil technique, which allows to study nonstationary transport processes. Mathematically, the problem is reduced to solving the heat equation with data on a time-like surface. A new numerical method for its solving is proposed. The efficiency of the proposed calculation scheme is demonstrated on a model example.
The article analyzes the key trends in consolidation and restructuring defense sector assets developed in the XXI century, i.e. the creation of vertically integrated structures in accordance with the decrees of the President of the Russian Federation; the inclusion of financially disadvantaged enterprises in concerns and state corporations, their subsequent financial recovery within the framework of integrated structures; the specifics of integration strategies of the leading defense industry holdings by the example of Rostec group, Almaz-Antey concern, USC group, and Roscosmos group.

The paper gives the motives of the Russian defense companies for non-organic growth strategies and restructuring according to the state priorities. The article proposes the approaches to financial recovery of defense enterprises, given the preparation of profound amendments to the bankruptcy law; maintaining a favorable institutional climate in the M&A market for defense enterprises, etc.

According to the authors, dominant leaders will continue to participate in the implementation of state programs that will require certain concentration of both efforts and capital as well as assets redistribution of a particular state Corporation.
Background The Russian Federation has among the highest rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the world and a high rate of untreated hypertension remains an important risk factor. Understanding who is at greatest risk is important to inform approaches to primary prevention. Methods 2,353 hypertensive 35–69 year olds were selected from a population-based study, Know Your Heart, conducted in Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 2015–2018. The associations between untreated hypertension and a range of co-variates related to socio-demographics, health, and health behaviours were examined. Results The age-standardised prevalence of untreated hypertension was 51.1% (95% CI 47.8–54.5) in males, 28.8% (25.4–32.5) in females, and 40.0% (37.5–42.5) overall. The factors associated with untreated hypertension relative to treated hypertension were younger ages, self-rated general health as very good-excellent, not being obese, no history of CVD events, no evidence of diabetes or chronic kidney disease, and not seeing a primary care doctor in the past year as well as problem drinking for women and working full time, lower education, and smoking for men. Conclusion The study found relatively high prevalence of untreated hypertension, especially, in men. Recent initiatives to strengthen primary care provision and implementation of a general health check programme (dispansarisation) are promising, although further studies should evaluate other, potentially more effective strategies tailored to the particular circumstances of this population.
On the basis of conservation laws and basic principles of thermodynamics

a mathematical model is developed for flows of a two-phase granular fluid. The phases consist of a viscoplastic granular Bingham fluid and a viscous Newtonian fluid. As an application, one dimensional flows are studied in a channel to address the stability of the proppant pack which fills a hydro-fracture. The phase flow rates are studied numerically at various input parameters such as the phase viscosities, yield stresses and etc.

We find correlations between the phase flow rates and the pressure gradient. Such correlations are similar to a Darcy law. We determine a criterion for the initiation of motion of a granular phase in a porous medium. Given a yield stress of the granular phase, it is proved that this phase does not flow if either the pressure gradient or the channel thickness is small. The factors slowing down the penetration of the solid phase into the porous medium are revealed.
We develop an universal method to significantly suppress probe-induced shifts in any types of atomic clocks using the Ramsey spectroscopy. The frequency shifts can be suppressed considerably below a fractional level of 10−18 practically for any optical atomic clocks.
As previously established, chronic agonistic interactions lead to the development of depression-like state under social defeat stress in the defeated mice and pathology of aggressive behavior in the winning mice. According to the numerous research data, these psychopathological states are accompanied by tremendous molecular and cellular changes in the brain.

The paper aimed to study the influence of 20-day period of agonistic interactions on the expression mode of collagen family genes, encoding the proteins, which are basic components of extracellular matrix (ECM), in the different brain regions of mice using the RNA-Seq database.

Most of the differentially expressed collagen genes were upregulated in the hypothalamus and striatum of chronically aggressive and defeated mice and in the hippocampus of the defeated mice. In the ventral tegmental area the most genes were downregulated in both experimental groups. It has been assumed that aberrant expression of collagen genes induced by long experience of agonistic interactions can indicate defects of ECM specific for brain regions in mice with alternative social experiences. This study first shows remodeling of molecular base in the ECM under development of experimental psychoneuropathologies.
Sterically shielded nitroxides of the pyrrolidine series have shown the highest resistance to reduction.

Here we report the synthesis of new pyrrolidine nitroxides from 5,5-dialkyl-1-pyrroline N-oxides via the introduction of a pent-4-enyl group to the nitrone carbon followed by an intramolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction and isoxazolidine ring opening.

The kinetics of reduction of the new nitroxides with ascorbate were studied and compared to those of previously published (1S,2R,3'S,4'S,5'S,2″R)-dispiro[(2-hydroxymethyl)cyclopentan-1,2'-(3',4'-di-tert-butoxy)pyrrolidine-5',1″-(2″-hydroxymethyl)cyclopentane]-1'-oxyl (1).
Найдены асимптотические разложения математического ожидания времени пребывания траектории случайного блуждания с нулевым сносом выше растущего уровня. На распределение скачков блуждания налагается условие Крамера о существовании экспоненциального момента. Библиография: 13 наименований.
We report searches for ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\text{invisible}$ and ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\text{invisible}+\ensuremath{\gamma}$ decays, where the energy of the photon is required to be larger than 0.5 GeV.

These results are obtained from a $711\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ data sample that contains $772\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}B\overline{B}$ pairs and was collected near the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider.

We observe no significant signal for either decay and set upper limits on their branching fractions at 90% confidence level of $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\text{invisible})<7.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ and $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\text{invisible}+\ensuremath{\gamma})<1.6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$.
Experimental study of liquid layers breakdown when heated locally from the substrate side was made.

Water and ethanol were used as working liquids with a layer thickness of 300 μm. Basic steps of the breakdown process were found and mean velocities of the dry spot formation were determined; the values are 0.06 mm/sec for ethanol and 5.15 mm/sec for water. The formation of residual layer over the hot-spot before the breakdown has been found for both liquids. The creation of a droplet cluster near the heating region is observed when using water as a working fluid.

It was shown that evaporation is one of the general factors influencing the process of layer breakdown and dry spot formation as well as thermocapillary effect.
The paper describes a method for processing microimages of thermochemical laser-induced periodic surface structures (TLIPSS) to quantify their structural order and defects. Results of its application for the analysis of microimages of periodic structures formed in 30-nm chromium films by an astigmatically focused femtosecond Gaussian laser beam have been presented. Dependences of the relative area of the beam-modified region, the area of defects, and the ordering of the periodic structures on the scanning speed and the writing beam power have been obtained.
Imaging of gases is a major challenge for any modality including MRI. NMR and MRI signals are directly proportional to the nuclear spin density and the degree of alignment of nuclear spins with applied static magnetic field, which is called nuclear spin polarization. The level of nuclear spin polarization is typically very low, i.e., one hundred thousandth of the potential maximum at 1.5 T and a physiologically relevant temperature. As a result, MRI typically focusses on imaging highly concentrated tissue water.

Hyperpolarization methods transiently increase nuclear spin polarizations up to unity, yielding corresponding gains in MRI signal level of several orders of magnitude that enable the 3D imaging of dilute biomolecules including gases. Parahydrogen‐induced polarization is a fast, highly scalable, and low‐cost hyperpolarization technique.

The focus of this Minireview is to highlight selected advances in the field of parahydrogen‐induced polarization for the production of hyperpolarized compounds, which can be potentially employed as inhalable contrast agents.
Glioblastoma is a highly lethal brain cancer. Virotherapy with the use of oncolytic viruses has since recently been regarded as a promising approach for the clinic treatment of human glioblastomas. The purpose of this work was to perform a primary evaluation of the Zika virus as a potential oncolytic agent against glioblastomas. In vitro experiments showed that the Zika virus strain MR 766 is able to selectively infect and lyse neoplastic cells of the human glioblastoma cell line U87 MG. The selectivity index (SI, the ratio of infectious titer for tumor cells to titer on normal untransformed cells) was 2·102. The selectivity of the replicative activity of Zika virus in relation to U87 MG glioblastoma cells was additionally confrmed by indirect immunoﬂuorescence. Using the model of immunodefcient SCID mice with subcutaneous xenografts of human glioblastoma U87 MG, a strong antitumor activity of the Zika virus under a course (daily for 4 days) of intratumoral administration of 5·105 TCID50 of Zika virus was shown. Treatment with Zika virus resulted in more than a 10­fold reduction in mean volumes of tumors. The tumor growth inhibition index was 92.63 %. Recurrences (metastases) of tumor re­growth were not registered within 64 days of observation. This result demonstrated the prospect of further in­depth studies of the Zika virus as a potential oncolytic agent against human glioblastomas.
This article provides a brief analysis of the impact of various macroeconomic shocks caused by the sanctions regime and the sharp drop in oil prices from 2014 to 2018.

The authors identified shocks that greater extent provoked a GDP decline and inflation increase using the constructed DSGE-model of the Russian economy and the obtained historical decomposition for the quarterly growth rates of the investigated macro-indicators.

According to calculations, the inflation growth from 2014 to 2015 can be interpreted as the sum of the adverse effects from the change in household preferences, the shock in oil prices, and the negative contribution of the stabilizing monetary policy. The observed GDP decline from the second quarter of 2014 to the third quarter of 2015 is explained by the synergistic effect of monetary policy shocks and a sharp drop in oil prices.
Calabi metrics in real dimension $4(n+1)$ and with holonomy $SU(2(n+1))$

construct in an explicit algebraic form a family of complete noncompact Ricci-flat metrics

generalize Calabi metrics in real dimension $4(n+1)$ and with holonomy $SU(2(n+1))$
Journal Article Phenotype and gene frequencies in red fox populations of Russian America in 1803–1832

Get access P. M. Borodin P. M. Borodin Institute of Cytology and Genetics, USSR Academy of Science, Siberian DepartmentNovosibirsk 630090, USSR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar

Journal of Heredity, Volume 72, Issue 5, September 1981, Pages 343–346, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a109519 Published: 01 September 1981
The aim of this work was to identify genetic variants potentially involved in familial hypercholesterolemia in 43 genes associated with lipid metabolism disorders. Targeted high-throughput sequencing of lipid metabolism genes was performed (80 subjects with a familial-hypercholesterolemia phenotype). For patients without functionally significant substitutions in the above genes, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was conducted to determine bigger mutations (deletions and/or duplications) in the LDLR promoter and exons. A clinically significant variant in some gene associated with familial hypercholesterolemia was identified in 47.5% of the subjects. Clinically significant variants in the LDLR gene were identified in 19 probands (73.1% of all variants identified in probands); in three probands (11.5%), pathogenic variants were found in the APOB gene; and in four probands (15.4%), rare, clinically significant variants were identified in genes LPL, SREBF1, APOC3, and ABCG5. In 12 (85.7%) of 14 children of the probands, clinically significant variants were detectable in genes associated with familial hypercholesterolemia. The use of clinical criteria, targeted sequencing, and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification makes it possible to identify carriers of rare clinically significant variants in a wide range of lipid metabolism genes and to investigate their influence on phenotypic manifestations of familial hypercholesterolemia.
A number of statements of inverse problems of rational and optimal design of composite structures are considered.

The problem of maintenance of a momentless state of a composite shell with respect to parameters' choice of reinforcement is solved.

The problem of optimum design of composite pressure vessels is investigated.
The paper presents the study of supramolecular structuring forming a transition region at the hydrocarbon – nanofluid interface resulting from synergistic effect by the interaction of multilayer graphene planar nanoparticles and silicon carbide nanoparticles covered with graphene layers (Core-shell). During the film formation on the interphase, filamentous formations were obtained, which resulted from interaction with thermocapillary waves. It was found that the structure of the filamentous formation was influenced by the composition and concentration of nanofluids.
In this work, we develop CASVM and CANN algorithms for semi-supervised classification problem. The algorithms are based on a combination of ensemble clustering and kernel methods. Probabilistic model of classification with use of cluster ensemble is proposed. Within the model, error probability of CANN is studied. Assumptions that make probability of error converge to zero are formulated. The proposed algorithms are experimentally tested on a hyperspectral image. It is shown that CASVM and CANN are more noise resistant than standard SVM and kNN.