Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Aims: Atenolol is one of the β-blockers widely used for the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. To simplify the methods for determining of drugs concentrations in blood and plasma the dried spots assays (dried blood spots or dried plasma spots) could be used. In this case high sensitive detector like mass-spectrometer is required as well as high level of drug recovery from dried spot. In this study the extraction of atenolol from dried plasma spots (DPS) was studied to offer the optimum parameters of extraction method. Study Design: Short research articles. Place and Duration of Study: Core Facility of Mass Spectrometric Analysis, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, between January and October 2019. Methodology: The organic extraction method was chosen for evaluation as the most suitable for LC-MS assay. Several parameters: % of organic solvent, presence or absence of 0.1% formic acid, time, volume and temperature of extraction were investigated to find the best combination for atenolol recovery from DPS for further LC-MS analysis. Results: Results showed that the solvent composition and temperature has main influence on the extraction. The effect of extraction time and volume of solvent have no significant influence on atenolol recovery. Pure acetonitrile is the worst solvent for atenolol extraction from DPS. The solvents: MeOH:H2O (60:40, v:v), MeOH:0.1% FA in H2O (60:40, v:v), ACN:0.1% FA in H2O (50:50, v:v) or ACN:MeOH (60:40, v:v) provide the best recovery of atenolol . The optimum extraction temperature is 40°C, time of extraction is 15-30 min and volume of solvent - 200-300 μL. Conclusion: Several solvents acceptable for LC-MS analysis with optimized recovery parameter from DPS can be used for routine extraction of atenolol.
The article presents the results of research, showing the possibility of determining the stability losing of gas well casing using the passive method of standing waves determination from seismoacoustic noise. It is shown that the amplitude spectrum of natural vibrations recorded on the gas well casing make it possible to reliably diagnose the instability of the casing.
conventional spectroscopy, optically dense medium

feedback control of input probe field parameters, spontaneous emission for feedback control, spectroscopy of dark resonance in atomic rubidium vapor

considerable increase of resonance amplitude, threefold decrease of width, quality factor increased by 2 orders of magnitude, contrast reaches 260%, enhanced performance in Hanle spectroscopy and Doppler-free spectroscopy
Background The key role in the dynamic regulation of synaptic protein turnover belongs to the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein, which regulates the efficiency of dendritic mRNA translation in response to stimulation of metabotropic glutamate receptors at excitatory synapses of the hippocampal pyramidal cells. Its activity is regulated via positive and negative regulatory loops that function in different time ranges, which is an absolute factor for the formation of chaotic regimes that lead to disrupted proteome stability. The indicated condition may cause a number of neuropsychiatric diseases, including autism and epilepsy.

The present study is devoted to a theoretical analysis of the local translation system dynamic properties and identification of parameters affecting the chaotic potential of the system. Results A mathematical model that describes the maintenance of a specific pool of active receptors on the postsynaptic membrane via two mechanisms – de novo synthesis of receptor proteins and restoration of protein function during the recycling process – has been developed. Analysis of the model revealed that an increase in the values of the parameters describing the impact of protein recycling on the maintenance of a pool of active receptors in the membrane, duration of the signal transduction via the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, influence of receptors on the translation activation, as well as reduction of the rate of synthesis and integration of de novo synthesized proteins into the postsynaptic membrane – contribute to the reduced complexity of the local translation system dynamic state. Formation of these patterns significantly depends on the complexity and non-linearity of the mechanisms of exposure of de novo synthesized receptors to the postsynaptic membrane, the correct evaluation of which is currently problematic.

The model predicts that an increase of 'receptor recycling' and reduction of the rate of synthesis and integration of de novo synthesized proteins into the postsynaptic membrane contribute to the reduced complexity of the local translation system dynamic state. Herewith, stable stationary states occur much less frequently than cyclic states. It is possible that cyclical nature of functioning of the local translation system is its 'normal' dynamic state.
A new measurement of the branching fraction of the leptonic decay ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\tau}}^{+}\phantom{\rule{0}{0ex}}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\tau}}$ confirms previous measurements

and agrees with standard model predictions.
We consider evolution of the Universe after EWSB leading to the present inert phase, containing a SM-like Higgs boson and scalar dark particles, among them a Dark Matter candidate.

We address the question, if there is a possibility to have a sequence of the phase transitions instead of a single one leading directly from EW symmetric phase to the inert one.
A sequence of stages in the syntheses of isomeric bisamino acid complexes of Pt(II) with beta-aminopropionic acid (beta-alanine = beta-AlaH) has been studied by the (195)Pt NMR spectroscopy. The techniques have been developed of the synthesis of the cis- and trans-bischelates of Pt(II) and Pd(II) with beta-alanine as well as of the halide complexes of trans-[M(beta-AlaH)(2)Cl(2)] (M = Pt, Pd) and trans-K(2)[Pt(beta-Ala)(2)I(2)] types. The NMR spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy (in the nuclei of (195)Pt,(13)C,(1)H) and X-ray diffraction analysis have been used to examine the structures of the synthesized compounds.
In this paper, we propose the algorithm for locating microseismic events by the method of directed summation of energy envelopes over a network of stations. The algorithm is based on a back projection technology, which allows visualizing the intensity of seismic emission by layer.

A comparative stability and robustness analysis of the proposed method with the method using the semblance is carried out.
The existing hypotheses on speciation rely on Mendelian genes and mutations in them. However, genome-wide sequencing demonstrates that the Mendelian genes account less than one-tenth of the entire genome DNA. This means that a greater part of the genome has not yet been subject to large-scale evolutionary consideration.

This paper deals with the conditional mutations in drosophila, which are mutations of the genes belonging to a special category (ontogenes) controlling the program of individual development. The ontogenes presumably reside in the DNA of intergenic spaces and introns. Conditional mutations display a number of properties absent in the mutations of Mendelian genes.

These specific properties allow three key problems in speciation to be solved: (1) the possibility of emergence of new traits as a result of sequential mutagenesis; (2) selection of mutants; and (3) establishment of isolation. We have shown that (1) the mutations in ontogenes are able to form new multigenic regulatory blocks that escape selection during their creation; (2) mutations in ontogenes allow for existence of constantly acting zygotic selection, which is by no means less important for speciation than Darwinian selection; and (3) owing to their conditionally lethal effect, the mutations in ontogenes are able to create biological isolation barrier. This gives the grounds for assuming that the emergence of mutations in ontogenes is a necessary condition for speciation.
This paper extends the work by Mednykh and Rasskazov presented in [On the structure of the canonical fundamental set for the 2-bridge link orbifolds, Universität Bielefeld, Sonderforschungsbereich 343, Discrete Structuren in der Mathematik, Preprint (1988), pp. 98–062, www.mathematik.uni-bielefeld.de/sfb343/preprints/pr98062.ps.gz ].

By using their approach, we derive the Riley–Mednykh polynomial for a family of [Formula: see text]-bridge knot orbifolds.

As a result, we obtain explicit formulae for the volumes and Chern–Simons invariants of orbifolds and cone-manifolds on the knot with Conway’s notation [Formula: see text].
The article considers the principle of operation of brain-computer interfaces (BCI) and a method for detecting the focus of a person's attention using event-related potential (P300). The review of the existing hardware and software solutions for the implementation of BCIs was performed including the identification of their advantages and disadvantages. The program that allows you to choose the desired stimulus from a variety of presented was developed. An electroencephalograph of the BiTronics Lab company on the Arduino platform was used to receive the signal. Signal filtering, classifier training and visualization are implemented in Python.
Pd-rich pentlandite (PdPn) along with ore-forming pentlandite (Pn) occurs in the cubanite and chalcopyrite massive sulfide ores in the EM-7 well of the Southern-2 ore body of the Talnakh deposit. PdPn forms groups of small grains and comprises marginal areas in large crystals of Pn. The palladium content in PdPn reaches up to 11.26 wt.%. EDS elemental mapping and a contour map of palladium concentrations indicate distinct variations in the palladium content within and between individual grains. Palladium distribution in the large grains is uneven and non-zoned. PdPn was formed as the result of a superimposed process, which is not associated with either the sulfide liquid crystallization or the subsolidus transformations of sulfides. Deming regression calculations demonstrated the isomorphic substitution character of Ni by 0.71 Pd and 0.30 Fe (apfu), leading to PdPn occurrence. The replacement of Ni by Fe may also indicate a change in sulfur fugacity, compared to that taking place during the crystallization of the primary Pn. The transformation of Pn into PdPn could have occurred under the influence of a Pd-bearing fluid, which separated from the crystallizing body of the massive sulfide ores.
We present a 3‐D anisotropic seismic model of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the Taiwan region based on the tomographic inversion of traveltime data from regional earthquakes.

In the crust beneath eastern Taiwan, we observe coast‐parallel anisotropy that perfectly delineates the major geological structures. In westernmost Taiwan, we distinguish a crustal block corresponding to the Peikang High at the margin of the Eurasian Plate, where coast‐perpendicular anisotropy within a high‐velocity anomaly is observed. In the uppermost mantle, the direction of anisotropy beneath central Taiwan turns perpendicular to the coast, which may indicate eastward underthrusting of the Peikang Block that was induced by collisional processes. To the NE of Taiwan, the anisotropy forms circular patterns coinciding with the shape of the Ryukyu arc, which may reflect the distribution of the deformations and fractures in the accretion and arc complex.
Profound data confusion is reported for the paper by Smýkal et al. (Genomic diversity and macroecology of the crop wild relatives of domesticated pea. Scientific Reports 7, 17384; 2017)

which challenges the validity of its scientific conclusion and the data reported.
One of the mechanisms of generation of powerful pressure pulsations in the circuit of the turbine is a precessing vortex core, formed behind the runner at the operation points with partial or forced loads, when the flow has significant residual swirl.

To study periodic pressure pulsations behind the runner the authors of this paper use approaches of experimental modeling and methods of computational fluid dynamics. The influence of velocity distributions at the output of the hydro turbine runner on pressure pulsations was studied based on analysis of the existing and possible velocity distributions in hydraulic turbines and selection of the distribution in the extended range. Preliminary numerical calculations have showed that the velocity distribution can be modeled without reproduction of the entire geometry of the circuit, using a combination of two blade cascades of the rotor and stator. Experimental verification of numerical results was carried out in an air bench, using the method of 3D-printing for fabrication of the blade cascades and the geometry of the draft tube of hydraulic turbine.

Measurements of the velocity field at the input to a draft tube cone and registration of pressure pulsations due to precessing vortex core have allowed building correlations between the velocity distribution character and the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the pulsations.
We have fulfilled in silico research of number, structure, distribution and location of direct and inverted repeated sequences in eight complete genomes of unicellular cyanobacteria. Analysis of whole genome repeats has shown utility of this approach for purposes of molecular phylogeny and ecological genomics. Comparative analysis of nonrandom repeats patterns has allowed: 1) to confirm the close genetic relationship of two Prochlorococcus marinus strains (MED4 and SS120) that have reduced genomes and inhabit the econiches with different light intensities; 2) to suggest the close phylogenetic relationship of genomes Prochlorococcus marinus MIT9313 and Synechococcus WH8102 that significantly differ by sets of lightharvesting photosystem; 3) to reveal specific differences in genome organization between marine and freshwater cyanobacteria.
Using existing formulas for obtaining effective characteristics

new method for determining the mechanical characteristics of nanoparticles in a heterogeneous mixture is proposed. The heterogeneous mixture consists of a thermosetting epoxy resin and silicon dioxide powder of different dispersity. The mechanical characteristics of such a material at a constant concentration for nanopowder are experimentally determined

the Lame coefficients for nanoparticles of various sizes are calculated. The dependence of the elastic characteristics on the particle size is obtained
Manifestations of the “cage effect” at the encounters of reactants are theoretically treated by the example of multistage reactions in liquid solutions including bimolecular exchange reactions as elementary stages. It is shown that consistent consideration of quasi-stationary kinetics of multistage reactions (possible only in the framework of the encounter theory) for reactions proceeding near reactants contact can be made on the basis of the concepts of a “cage complex.” Though mathematically such a consideration is more complicated, it is more clear from the standpoint of chemical notions. It is established that the presence of the “cage effect” leads to some important effects not inherent in reactions in gases or those in solutions proceeding in the kinetic regime, such as the appearance of new transition channels of reactant transformation that cannot be caused by elementary event of chemical conversion for the given mechanism of reaction. This results in that, for example, rate constant values of multistage reaction defined by standard kinetic equations of formal chemical kinetics from experimentally measured kinetics can differ essentially from real values of these constants.
In a wind tunnel of low subsonic speeds, an experimental study was conducted of the windward flow of a trapezoidal model of a flying wing (UAV) with a locally installed perturbation generator in the region of maximum susceptibility on its surface. The generator was a three-dimensional roughness element whose height was comparable to the thickness of the boundary layer. The uniqueness of the work was that the experiments were carried out in a wind tunnel at real flight Reynolds numbers on a UAV model at a scale of 1:1. The results of visualization of the flow near a smooth surface and behind roughness were obtained using the method of liquid crystal thermography. The internal structure and processes of development of the longitudinal perturbation behind the roughness downstream were studied in detail using the thermoanemometry method.
Bacteriophages are promising antibacterial agents. Although they have been recognized as bacterial viruses and are considered to be non-interacting with eukaryotic cells, there is growing evidence that phages may have a significant impact on the immune system via interactions with macrophages, neutrophils, and T-cell polarization. In this study, the influence of phages of podovirus, siphovirus, and myovirus morphotypes on humoral immunity of CD-1 mice was investigated. In addition, tissue distribution of the phages was tested in these mice. No common patterns were found either in the distribution of phages in mice or in changes in the levels of cytokines in the sera of mice once injected with phages. Importantly, pre-existing IgM-class antibodies directed against capsid proteins of phages with myovirus and siphovirus morphotypes were identified in mice before immunization. After triple immunization of CD1-mice with phages without any adjuvant, levels of anti-phage serum polyclonal IgG antibodies increased. Immunogenic phage proteins recognized by IgM and/or IgG antibodies were identified using Western blot analysis and mass spectrometry. In addition, mice serum collected after immunization demonstrated neutralizing properties, leading to a substantial decrease in infectivity of investigated phages with myovirus and siphovirus morphotypes. Moreover, serum samples collected before administration of these phages exhibited some ability to reduce the phage infectivity. Furthermore, Proteus phage PM16 with podovirus morphotype did not elicit IgM or IgG antibodies in immunized mice, and no neutralizing activities against PM16 were revealed in mouse serum samples before and after immunization.
The study reviews approaches to macro-economic and macro-territorial modelling presented in international and Russian economic publications. We focus on opportunities to improve forecasting the development of economic system in Russia at the macro-economic, inter-sectoral and inter-regional levels.

We described dynamic macro-economic, inter-sectoral and inter- regional models developed in the Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IEIE SB RAS). We analyse more in details three complex models proposed in IEIE SB RAS: CAISI (comprehensive analysis of inter-sectoral information), SRNES (synthesis of regional and national economic systems) and CSNES (coordination of sectoral and national economic solutions). We consider theoretical foundations of the complex models and their application in analysing and forecasting economic system development at various levels. The three complex models are based on different basic models that influence their development. IEIE SB RAS has been developing a two-level system of forecasting models, which combines advantages of dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models and dynamic input-output models applied in the CAISI system. The paper describes theoretical foundations of the SRNES system, whose latest versions are premised on the general equilibrium and cooperative games theories. Then, we characterised the most developed elements of the complex model CSNES, which has the CSNES-TEK subsystem used in forecasting developments in the fuel and energy industry of Russia’s territories and SIBARP (balance calculation system for the future).

The conclusion outlines directions for further research on improving the methods of macro-economic, inter-regional, and inter-sectoral forecasting based on harmonisation of analytical and forecast calculations performed using the CAISI, SRNES and CSNES systems. The results of forecast calculations using the two-level system of macro-level models can be applied in the complex models SRNES and CSNES to ensure coordination between the forecasts of socio-economic development of the Asian part of Russia and projected dynamics of macro-indicators.
Intervalley charged-impurity scattering processes are examined. It is found that the scattering probability is enhanced due to the Coulomb interaction with the impurity by the Sommerfield factor $F_Z\propto \epsilon^{2\sqrt{1-4g^2}-2}$, where $\epsilon$ is the electron energy and $g$ is the dimensionless constant of the Coulomb interaction.
The purpose of the article is to try to clarify the genesis of the Russian anonymous version of The Spies’ March (hereinafter, the A-version), circulating along with its translations by Ada Onoshkovich-Yatsyna (hereinafter, AOY version) and Alla Sharapova, as well as textual variations on the theme of The Spies’ March by L. Kolosov and V. Kovenatsky.

The textual problem is solved in close connection with the composition (consisting in comparing discourse schemes), translation, linguistic-statistical analysis of complete versions and fragments from them. Comparison of the A-version discursive scheme with that of AOY version shows that the uniqueness of its content and communicative attitude are achieved through a complex scheme of permutations, involving the new sequence of 33 lines out of 81 that constitute the poetic part of the AOY version. The paper includes three major parts: 1) Comparative textual analysis of the A-version with the complete AOYversion on which the first one is considered to be based since it “quotes” about 35 % of its lines, rearranging them in an extremely sophisticated way; 2) Comparative analysis of the versions’ language statistics including the number of words, number of characters with and without spaces, average word length, two indexes of text size conversion, namely, compression and expansion; 3) Discussion section which dwells on Kipling’s comparative place and reputation in the English and Russian (Soviet) culture.

It has been established that the A-version was not a remake of Kipling's original, but was based on Onoshkovich-Yatsyna’s translation. The purpose of the anonymous author-translator was to harmonize the content of The Spies’ March with its name, that is, to bring the theme of the glorification of real spies to the fore, to send them on a mission with a Proud flag in their hands, eliminating all semantic allusions to doctors (that is fighters against epidemics), which were implied by Kipling. Herewith, all words (= text forms) of the A-version, with the exception of two, and those of the AOY version are identical. In other words, a cardinal semantic difference is created through manipulations, mainly at the discursive level, but not lexically. In parallel, the cardinal issue of the socio-cultural conditioning of this kind of reception is considered, the terminological signals of which in the article are refraction, adaptation, domestication and appropriation. Acting in the field of the receiving culture as a single complex of factors, they inevitably lead to the emergence of translation derivatives like a purely “spy” A-version of The Spies’ March, which break away from the original culture, from the literary environment, from the original text and are included in such a rearranged form in a new cultural mentality. His artistic expression, in particular, his poetry has been and still is valued much more in this country than in England where he is now considered, first of all, to be an “imperialist and racist”.