Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Transition metal nitrides show a unique combination of superconducting and mechanical properties. In this study we perform a theoretical search of the intermediate compounds in Ni-N system, determine their superconducting transition temperatures ( T c ) and bulk moduli ( K 0 ) in the wide range of pressures, from 0 to 300 GPa. We have revealed several nickel-rich interstitial compounds, Ni 5 N 2 , Ni 3 N, and Ni 6 N, and one nitrogen-rich compound, NiN 2 , as stable structures. At pressures above 100 GPa, previously unknown NiN with anti-nickeline structure is also stabilized. All found compounds are non-magnetic. The most promising for superconductivity NiN 2 structure is stable against decomposition on the mixture of (Ni+N) from 3 to at least 300 GPa. The transition from marcasite-type NiN 2 - Pnnm to pyrite-type NiN 2 - P a 3 ¯ occurs at 70 GPa. NiN 2 - Pnnm is an insulator with the band gap of about 1 eV, while NiN 2 - P a 3 ¯ is a metallic phase. The calculated T c of NiN 2 - Pnnm equals to 10 −2 K, and the bulk modulus ( K 0 ) equals to 225 GPa at 10 GPa, which is in excellent agreement with available experimental data. The comparison of T c of compounds in the Ni-H and Ni-N systems with that of the Fe-H and Fe-N compounds, shows that hydrides and nitrides of nickel have lower T c than hydrides and nitrides of iron, which is explained by the significant differences in crystal structures.
Trichogin is a natural peptide endowed with antimicrobial and antitumor activity. A member of the peptaibol family, trichogin possesses a C‐terminal amino alcohol. In the past, this moiety was substituted for a methyl ester for synthetic purposes and it was observed that this apparently slight modification caused significant changes in the peptide bioactivity.

With the aim of understanding the reasons behind such observations, a detailed spectroscopic study on a number of trichogin analogues has been performed. Herein, data obtained from synchrotron radiation circular dichroism, NMR spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy in organic solvents at cryogenic temperatures are compared with those independently acquired by means of EPR spectroscopy at 80 K.

It is unambiguously revealed that the presence of a reversible, temperature‐driven, screw‐sense interconversion from a right‐ to left‐handed helix is determined by the C‐terminal capping moiety. Data demonstrate, for the first time, the key role of a C‐terminal methyl ester in promoting peptide screw‐sense inversion.
An experimental study aimed at the modeling of dolomite- and ankerite-involving decarbonation reactions, resulting in the CO2 fluid release and crystallization of Ca, Mg, Fe garnets, was carried out at a wide range of pressures and temperatures of the upper mantle. Experiments were performed using a multi-anvil high-pressure apparatus of a “split-sphere” type, in CaMg(CO3)2-Al2O3-SiO2 and Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2-Al2O3-SiO2 systems (pressures of 3.0, 6.3 and 7.5 GPa, temperature range of 950–1550 °C, hematite buffered high-pressure cell). It was experimentally shown that decarbonation in the dolomite-bearing system occurred at 1100 ± 20 °C (3.0 GPa), 1320 ± 20 °C (6.3 GPa), and 1450 ± 20 °C (7.5 GPa). As demonstrated by mass spectrometry, the fluid composition was pure CO2. Composition of synthesized garnet was Prp83Grs17, with main Raman spectroscopic modes at 368–369, 559–562, and 912–920 cm−1. Decarbonation reactions in the ankerite-bearing system were realized at 1000 ± 20 °C (3.0 GPa), 1250 ± 20 °C (6.3 GPa), and 1400 ± 20 °C (7.5 GPa). As a result, the garnet of Grs25Alm40Prp35 composition with main Raman peaks at 349–350, 552, and 906–907 cm−1 was crystallized. It has been experimentally shown that, in the Earth’s mantle, dolomite and ankerite enter decarbonation reactions to form Ca, Mg, Fe garnet + CO2 assemblage at temperatures ~175–500 °C lower than CaCO3 does at constant pressures.
The taxa of the genus Macrogomphus Selys, 1858 occurring in continental south-east Asia are reconsidered. Macrogomphus rivularis Förster, 1914 (described from Vietnam), M. borikhanensis Fraser, 1933 (described from Laos), and M. guilinensis Chao, 1983 (described from China), are synonymised with M. albardae Selys, 1878. The relationship and conspecificity of the latter with M. parallelogramma Burmeister, 1839 are doubtful, perhaps they are bona species.

Males of M. albardae (and seemingly of parallelogramma as well) are approximately trimorphic for the pale pattern of the abdominal S3-S6, being of either a 'dashed morph' (with small isolated anteriolateral spots and conspicuous middorsal streaks), or a 'ringed morph (with broad anterior rings and less conspicuous middorsal streaks), or an 'intermediate morph'. Validity of the species M. matsukii Asahina, 1986 is doubted; its holotype could be an aberrant male of M. albardae.

The main diagnostic character of M. albardae, M. phalantus Lieftinck, 1935 and probably M. parallelogramma, is clarified to be the structure of the cercus inner branch. M. phalantus jayavarman subsp. nov. is described from temporarily inundated forest at the northern bank of the great Lake Tonlé Sap of Cambodia (Siem Reap Province, 1.5 km SSW of Kampong Pluk village, 13.1956° N, 103.9725° E, 3 m a.s.l.), which is ca 1,300 km north and overseas from the presumed range of M. phalantus phalantus.
Visualizing hypergraphs, systems of subsets of some universe, has continuously attracted research interest in the last decades. We study a natural kind of hypergraph visualization called subdivision drawings. Dinkla et al. [Comput. Graph. Forum '12] claimed that only few hypergraphs have a subdivision drawing. However, this statement seems to be based on the assumption (also used in previous work) that the input hypergraph does not contain twins, pairs of vertices which are in precisely the same hyperedges (subsets of the universe). We show that such vertices may be necessary for a hypergraph to admit a subdivision drawing. As a counterpart, we show that the number of such "necessary twins" is upper-bounded by a function of the number m of hyperedges and a further parameter r of the desired drawing related to its number of layers. This leads to a linear-time algorithm for determining such subdivision drawings if m and r are constant; in other words, the problem is linear-time fixed-parameter tractable with respect to the parameters m and r.
Transposable elements are the DNA sequences capable of transpositions within the genome and, thus, exerting a considerable influence on the genome functioning and structure and providing the source of new genes. Transposable elements are classified into retrotransposons and the DNA transposons. IS630/Tc1/mariner superfamily of DNA transposons is one of the most diverse groups broadly represented among the eukaryotes. We identified a new group of Tc1 -like elements in the mollusks, which we named TLEWI . These DNA transposons are characterized by the low copy number, the lack of terminal inverted repeats and the presence of DD36E signature and the spliceosomal introns in transposase sequence. Their prevalence among the mollusks is limited to subclass Pteriomorpha (Bivalvia). Since TLEWI possess the features of domesticated TE and the structure similar to the eukaryotic genes, which is not typical for the DNA transposons, we consider the hypothesis of co-optation of TLEWI gene by the bivalves.
The auxin and ethylene pathways cooperatively regulate a variety of developmental processes in plants. Growth responses to ethylene are largely dependent on auxin, the key regulator of plant morphogenesis. Auxin, in turn, is capable of inducing ethylene biosynthesis and signaling, making the interaction of these hormones reciprocal. Recent studies discovered a number of molecular events underlying auxin-ethylene crosstalk. In this review, we summarize the results of fine-scale and large-scale experiments on the interactions between the auxin and ethylene pathways in Arabidopsis. We integrate knowledge on molecular crosstalk events, their tissue specificity, and associated phenotypic responses to decipher the crosstalk mechanisms at a systems level. We also discuss the prospects of applying systems biology approaches to study the mechanisms of crosstalk between plant hormones.
Background: Previous studies of co-expression profile of receptors to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have revealed a number of indicators associated with diseases activity with 93% sensitivity and 90% specificity. However, the ratio of receptors to cytokines remains poorly understood. However, the question of therapy effect and its effectiveness in various alteration of cytokine receptors balance remains under investigated.

Objectives: To evaluate the dynamics of co-expression and quantitative expression of type 1 and 2 receptors for TNF in the subpopulations of CD3+CD8+ cells associated with changes in disease severity before and after effective basic therapy. Methods: Subanalysis of patients with high disease activity level successfully treated with methotrexate and oral glucocorticoids (n = 9) was performed. As a control group, we used data from 43 healthy donors, comparable by sex and age distribution. Subpopulations of cytotoxic T cells were studied, which were included in the final diagnostic models for differentiating different degrees of severity of RA: naive T cells and memory T cells. The dynamics of changes in the indicators of receptors number and proportion of cells expressing the corresponding receptor were compared.

Results: For naïve cytotoxic T cells, the main revealed feature was the relative stability of the number of expressed receptors (both TNFR1 and TNFR2), regardless of the therapy, while this number did not significantly differ from healthy ones for TNFR1 and was significantly lower for TNFR2 (p <0.05 for all three fractions). At the same time, in terms of cell percentage, on the contrary, the therapy led to a change in total proportion of TNFR1 + cells closer to healthy donors indicators, and the proportion of TNFR2 + cells in the opposite direction. For cytotoxic T memory cells, it was demonstrated that after successful treatment a significant increase in the number of type 1 receptors was observed, with a decrease in TNFR1+ cells proportion, while these indicators were close to the values of healthy donors. At the same time, healthy donors were characterized by a significantly higher expression of type 2 receptors in terms of cell density of receptors. It is noteworthy that with successful therapy, a slight increase in the number of TNFR2 was observed with a sharp decrease in the proportion of TNFR2+ cells (p = 0.043). Conclusion: The balance of TNF receptor expression on cells actively involved in immunopathological processes affects both the density distribution of receptors on cells and co-expression in a subpopulation. Effective treatment of RA leads to equalization of the expression profile either by the percentage of cells or by the number of receptors, approaching the indicators of healthy donors, but not simultaneously.
Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg) excises 8-oxoguanine (oxoG) from DNA but ignores normal guanine.

We combined molecular dynamics simulation and stopped-flow kinetics with fluorescence detection to track the events in the recognition of oxoG by Fpg and its mutants with a key phenylalanine residue, which intercalates next to the damaged base, changed to either alanine (F110A) or fluorescent reporter tryptophan (F110W). Guanine was sampled by Fpg, as evident from the F110W stopped-flow traces, but less extensively than oxoG. The wedgeless F110A enzyme could bend DNA but failed to proceed further in oxoG recognition. Modeling of the base eversion with energy decomposition suggested that the wedge destabilizes the intrahelical base primarily through buckling both surrounding base pairs. Replacement of oxoG with abasic (AP) site rescued the activity, and calculations suggested that wedge insertion is not required for AP site destabilization and eversion.

Our results suggest that Fpg, and possibly other DNA glycosylases, convert part of the binding energy into active destabilization of their substrates, using the energy differences between normal and damaged bases for fast substrate discrimination.
We report on a search for eleven lepton-number violating processes B+→X−ℓ+ℓ'+ with X−=K−, π−, ρ−, K*−, or D− and ℓ+/ℓ'+=e+ or μ+

using a sample of 471±3 million B¯B events collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e+e− collider at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory

We find no evidence for any of these modes and place 90% confidence level upper limits on their branching fractions in the range (1.5–26)×10−7
Human apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease APE1 hydrolyzes phosphodiester bonds on the 5′ side of an AP-site, and some damaged nucleotides such as 1,N6-ethenoadenosine (εA), α-adenosine (αA), and 5,6-dihydrouridine (DHU).

To investigate the mechanism behind the broad substrate specificity of APE1, we analyzed pre-steady-state kinetics of conformational changes in DNA and the enzyme during DNA binding and damage recognition. Molecular dynamics simulations of APE1 complexes with one of damaged DNA duplexes containing εA, αA, DHU, or an F-site (a stable analog of an AP-site) revealed the involvement of residues Asn229, Thr233, and Glu236 in the mechanism of DNA lesion recognition.

The results suggested that processing of an AP-site proceeds faster in comparison with nucleotide incision repair substrates because eversion of a small abasic site and its insertion into the active site do not include any unfavorable interactions, whereas the insertion of any target nucleotide containing a damaged base into the APE1 active site is sterically hindered. Destabilization of the α-helix containing Thr233 and Glu236 via a loss of the interaction between these residues increased the plasticity of the damaged-nucleotide binding pocket and the ability to accommodate structurally different damaged nucleotides. Nonetheless, the optimal location of εA or αA in the binding pocket does not correspond to the optimal conformation of catalytic amino acid residues, thereby significantly decreasing the cleavage efficacy for these substrates.
СОВРЕМЕННОГО АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО КРИЗИСА В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ ЛУИДЖИ ДЖУССАНИ С. ДЗОФФОЛИ В статье производится анализ творчества малоизученного итальянского священника и мыслителя Луиджи Джуссани по отношению к кризису современного общества.

Мысль Джуссани (1922-2005) анализируется в контексте католического антропологического богословия, представленного периодом XX-XXI вв.и такими авторами, как Й. Ратцингер, А
God, will and destiny, constituting concepts in the artistic world of I.A. Goncharov form the plot and determine configuration of the personosphere in his last novel.The plot of "The Precipice" can be narrowed down to the formula of "overcoming self-will" affecting the main characters.A conceptintermediary "passion" appears in opposition of destiny -an objective course of events and will -the subjective influence on events.Destiny is generally interpreted in the novel and in religious consciousness as a manifestation of God's will; therefore refusal of the desires associated with the manifestation of pride or corporeality directs a person to humility and acceptance of traditional values.
Objective : to establish associations of awareness and attitude towards cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) prevention in people with sleep disorders in an open population of Novosibirsk aged 25–64 years. Patients and methods . We carried out screening surveys of representative samples of the 25–64 years old population: in 2013–2016 – V screening (427 men, mean age– 34±0.4 years, response rate – 71%; 548 women, mean age– 35±0.4 years, response rate – 72%); in 2015–2018 – VI screening (275 men, mean age – 49±0.4 years, response rate – 72%; 390 women, mean age – 45±0.4 years, response rate – 75%) using the protocol of the WHO international program «MONICA-psychosocial». Jenkins sleep evaluation questionnaire was used to evaluate sleep disorders in the study population. Results and discussion . Participants with sleep disorders believed that they were «not entirely healthy» (men – 65.5%, χ 2 =57.825, df=8, p<0.001 and women – 69.6%, χ 2 =96.883, df=4, p<0.001); had health related complaints (men – 78.2%, χ 2 =24.179, df=2, p<0.001 and women – 85.2%, χ 2 =55.144, df=2, p<0.001), and clearly did not care enough about their health (men – 32.7%, χ 2 =29.31, df=4, p<0.001 and women – 34.1%, χ 2 =28.116, df=4, p<0.001). Men with sleep disorders more often assumed that they were more likely to get a serious illness within the next 5–10 years (χ 2 =12.976, df=4, p<0.01). Participants with sleep disorders were confident that modern medicine can prevent (men – 10.9%, χ 2 =19.079, df=2, p<0.001 and women – 13.3%, χ 2 =21.944, df=2, p<0.01) and successfully treat (men – 3.6%, χ 2 =24.142, df=8, p<0.01 and women – 3.7%, χ 2 =15.538, df=8, p<0.05) only some heart diseases. Men and women with sleep disorders are more likely to seek medical attention in case of severe pain or discomfort in the heart area, but do not seek medical advice if this pain or unpleasant sensation is mild (men – 63.6%, χ 2 =14.867, df=6, p<0.05 and women – 60%, χ 2 =17.872, df=6, p<0.01). Among the participants with sleep disorders men more often believe that the doctor «knows more than me» (36.4%), and women (48.1%) chose an answer: «I will not necessarily agree with the opinion of the doctor after a general examination, until a thorough evaluation has been carried out by specialists» (χ 2 =5.917, df=2, p<0.05). Women with sleep disorders were more likely to continue to work if they did not feel very well (54.1%, χ 2 =12.455, df=4, p<0.05) or their body temperature rose (37.8%, χ 2 =12.937, df=4, p<0.05). Conclusion . People with sleep disorders generally have a more negative attitude towards their health and are skeptical about the possibilities of modern medicine to prevent and treat CVDs, which is reflected in their attitude to work and preventive check-ups.
We find a set of necessary and sufficient conditions for the CP conservation in the most general 2HDM in terms of observable quantities. This set contains two simple and relatively easily testable conditions instead of usually discussed more complex conditions.
The work continues the research performed by Chen and Toledo as a follow-up to Vaidya's talk.

The preconditioners being discussed are based on spanning tree algorithms where the input is the graph arising from the matrix of the system of linear algebraic equations (SLAE). The methods are considered in application to solving various SLAEs with real symmetric and non-symmetric matrices.

The research shows that the application area of the preconditioners in question may significantly differ from the domain indicated in the literature.
We studied the formation process of a mayenite structure from hydroxide precursors in different gas media.

According to X-ray diffraction data, this method allows a well-crystallized mayenite (Ca12Al14O33 or C12A7) phase to be obtained at low (500-900 °C) temperatures with an insignificant impurity of CaO. It was shown that the lattice parameters for C12A7 obtained in an inert atmosphere (Ar) were lower when compared with similar samples in the air. These results can be explained by the different levels of oxygen nonstoichiometry in the resulting phase. We noted that sintering and crystallization of mayenite proceeds at lower temperatures in Ar than in the air medium. We found the presence of donor and acceptor active sites on the surface of mayenite, which was detected by the spin probe method.

The specific (per unit surface) concentration of such sites (2.5 × 1016 m-2 and 1.5 × 1015 m-2 for donor and acceptor sites, respectively) is comparable to that of γ-Al2O3, which is traditionally used as catalyst support. This allows it to be used in adsorption and catalytic technologies, taking into account its high specific surface area (~30-50 m2/g at a low synthesis temperature).
overcoming the limitations of classical metasurface sensor designs based on periodic metaatoms

The sensing capabilities of the labyrinth metasurface are evaluated numerically and experimentally by covering the metallic face with tin dioxide (SnO2) thin films with thicknesses ranging from 24 to 345 nm

A maximum sensitivity of more than 800 and a figure of merit near 4500 nm−1 are achieved, allowing discriminating differences in the SnO2 thickness of less than 25 nm, and improving previous works by a factor of 35. This result can open a new paradigm of ultrasensitive devices based on intricate metageometries
An optical structured illumination of 3D object as a light band method for automatic noncontact wear measurement and defects detection of a contact wire network is presented.

The experimental device can extract main technological wire parameters like remaining height with RMS value down to 0.15 mm. Also the cross-sectional area of the wire can be measured with RMS area noise value of 1.5 mm 2.

which is sufficient for a confident decision-making related to the automatic wire wears and defects on railways, tram and trolleybus lines, and similar systems of vehicles electro-supply.
Purpose. The article presents research of the images of Siberian Tatars’ leaders who were restoration adherents of the Tatar Khanate of Sibir, reproduced on miniatures of the Brief Siberian Kungurian Chronicle. Despite the drawings having been created a few decades after those lands, which had been part of the Tatar Khanate of Sibir, were annexed by the Czardom of Russia, these images very clearly illustrate representations of contemporaries of the appearance of Siberian Tatar rulers and warlords during the historical period of struggle for conservation of the Western Siberian steppe and forest-steppe lands as part of the Siberian Tatars’ State. These drawings represent depictions of significant historical episodes of connections between restoration adherents of the Tatar Khanate of Sibir with the Russian Cossacks and several Turkic and Mongolian people, who inherited contiguous steppe territories of the Central Asian historical and cultural region. Results. Certain historical events, illustrating an armed confrontation of Siberian Tatars, who supported Kuchum Khan in the struggle for conservation of the Siberian Tatars’ State, against military troops of the Oirats and Nogais are considered and analyzed. The studied images can serve as an important informative pictorial source on history of accession of former possessions of the Tatar Khanate of Sibir to the Russian State. It is highly probable that several artists took part in creating this set of drawings, depicting the primary events of the Western Siberian military campaign of the Cossacks’ troop, led by ataman Yermak. This argument is supported by certain stylistic differences between several drawings, included in the Brief Siberian Kungurian Chronicle. For the last years these drawings have been repeatedly published, facilitating their focused scientific study. Results. Despite the considered drawings having been created much later than the events depicted on them, they serve as an important informative source on the history of the Western Siberian campaign of the Cossacks’ troop, led by ataman Yermak. Conclution. These drawings provide a clear overview of many historical events which took place during that period.