Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Method of microwave digestion using HNO3, HCl and HF in MARS‑5 system followed by ICP-MS analysis is proposed for determination of rare earth elements (REE) in plant materials. Influence of HF addition during microwave digestion in UltraWAVE system on the ICP-MS analysis of REE in plant materials depending on silica content is studied.

Limits of detection are 0.0001–0.001 ppm and allow for determination of all REE in certified reference materials Tr‑1, LB‑1 and EK‑1 and new reference material NSP‑1, relative standard deviations are lower than 13 %. Necessity of HF addition during microwave digestion for better REE recoveries is shown for plant materials with Si contents exceeding 0.1 %
Three novel fluorescent biosensors sensitive to terahertz (THz) radiation were developed via transformation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells with plasmids, in which a promotor of genes matA, safA, or chbB controls the expression of a fluorescent protein.

The biosensors were exposed to THz radiation from two sources: a high-intensity pulsed short-wave free electron laser and a low-intensity continuous long-wave IMPATT-diode-based device. The threshold and dynamics of fluorescence were found to depend on radiation parameters and exposure time. Heat shock or chemical stress yielded the absence of fluorescence induction.

The biosensors are evaluated to be suitable for studying influence of THz radiation on the activity of gene networks related with considered gene promoters.
A first flavor-tagged measurement of the time-dependent CP-violating asymmetry in B(s)(0) → ϕϕ decays is presented. In this decay channel, the CP-violating weak phase arises due to CP violation in the interference between B(s)(0)-B(s)(0) mixing and the b → sss gluonic penguin decay amplitude. Using a sample of pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb(-1) and collected at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the LHCb detector, 880 B(s)(0) → ϕϕ signal decays are obtained. The CP-violating phase is measured to be in the interval [-2.46,-0.76] rad at a 68% confidence level. The p value of the standard model prediction is 16%.
The article describes the system of scientific-engineering training at the Plasma Physics Department at the Physical Department, NSU with the active participation in this process of researchers from the plasma laboratories of the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The text gives an idea of plasma as a subject studied in this department, and then consistently reflects the following information: the history of the department, the special courses taught in the department, the subjects of undergraduate and graduate theses, the achievements of graduates of the department in the last decade.

Taking into account the main topic of scientific research in the plasma laboratories of the BINP SB RAS, the text gives an overview of the work at the plasma facilities operating at the institute and outlines the prospect of creating a next-generation linear plasma trap (GDMT).

Particular attention is paid to the prospect of using open magnetic systems for hot plasma confinement in relation to solving the problem of controlled thermonuclear fusion, since these systems should serve as the field of primary activity for future graduates of the Department of Plasma Physics.
Effect of external longitudinal magnetic field on the optical Free Induction Decay (FID) from a free radical was observed for the first time. The experiments were performed on the rotational transition of hydroxyl radical OH (2Π3/2(J=1) ← 2Π3/2(J=0) at 83.8 cm-1) using the Terahertz Free Electron Laser. In contrast to the results of the experiments with a stable paramagnetic molecule NO, the observed effect of external magnetic field on the Free Induction Decay from hydroxyl radicals is more complicated. A longitudinal magnetic field leads to rotation of the polarization plane of the FID radiation, as well as to additional modulation of the signal intensity. The angle of rotation of the polarization plane is large, in agreement with the theoretical predictions. The observed FID kinetics in the time domain are in semi-quantitative agreement with the modeling. This observation opens an opportunity for selective detection by polarization discrimination of weak signals of short-lived reactive paramagnetic free radicals from overwhelming signals that originate from stable non-paramagnetic species.
The prototype of a polarized molecular hydrogen/deuterium source which is based on the classical Stern-Gerlach separation scheme has been tested at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (BINP), Novosibirsk. It consists of the circular slit nozzle cooled down to 6.5 K and the two superconducting sextupole magnets. The flux of polarized hydrogen molecules of 3·1012 mol/s was measured for a total gas flow through the nozzle of 5·10-2 Torr·l/s. The obtained results will be used to develop a much more intense source of polarized molecules.
A search for W$\gamma$ resonances in the mass range between 0.7 and 6.0 TeV is presented. The W boson is reconstructed via its hadronic decays, with the final-state products forming a single large-radius jet, owing to a high Lorentz boost of the W boson.

The search is based on proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016-2018. The W$\gamma$ mass spectrum is parameterized with a smoothly falling background function and examined for the presence of resonance-like signals.

No significant excess above the predicted background is observed. Model-specific upper limits at 95% confidence level on the product of the cross section and branching fraction to the W$\gamma$ channel are set. Limits for narrow resonances and for resonances with an intrinsic width equal to 5% of their mass, for spin-0 and spin-1 hypotheses, range between 0.17 fb at 6.0 TeV and 55 fb at 0.7 TeV. These are the most restrictive limits to date on the existence of such resonances over a large range of probed masses. In specific heavy scalar (vector) triplet benchmark models, narrow resonances with masses between 0.75 (1.15) and 1.40 (1.36) TeV are excluded for a range of model parameters. Model-independent limits on the product of the cross section, signal acceptance, and branching fraction to the W$\gamma$ channel are set for minimum W$\gamma$ mass thresholds between 1.5 and 8.0 TeV.
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lithosphere extension, which plays an essential role in plate tectonics, occurs both in continents (as rift systems) and oceans (spreading along mid-oceanic ridges). The northern Red Sea area is a unique natural geodynamic laboratory, where the ongoing transition from continental rifting to oceanic spreading can be observed. Here, we analyze travel time data from a merged catalogue provided by the Egyptian and Saudi Arabian seismic networks to build a three-dimensional model of seismic velocities in the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the northern Red Sea and surroundings. The derived structures clearly reveal a high-velocity anomaly coinciding with the Red Sea basin and a narrow low-velocity anomaly centered along the rift axis. We interpret these structures as a transition of lithospheric extension from continental rifting to oceanic spreading. The transitional lithosphere is manifested by a dominantly positive seismic anomaly indicating the presence of a 50&amp;#8211;70-km-thick and 200&amp;#8211;300-km-wide cold lithosphere. Along the forming oceanic ridge axis, an elongated low-velocity anomaly marks a narrow localized nascent spreading zone that disrupts the transitional lithosphere. Along the eastern margins of the Red Sea, the lithosphere is disturbed by the lower-velocity anomalies coinciding with areas of basaltic magmatism.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
Background Immunization of mice with tumor homogenate after combined treatment with cyclophosphamide (CP) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) preparation is effective at inhibition of growth of tumor challenged after the treatment. It was assumed that this inhibition might be due to activation of the antigen-presenting cells. The purpose was to develop improved antitumor strategy using mice. We studied the combined action of cytostatics doxorubicin (Dox) plus CP with subsequent dsDNA preparation on tumor growth. Methods Three-month old CBA/Lac mice were used in the experiments. Mice were injected with CP and human dsDNA preparation. The percentage of mature dendritic cells (DCs) was estimated by staining of mononuclear cells isolated from spleen and bone marrow 3, 6, and 9 days later with monoclonal antibodies CD34, CD80, and CD86. In the next set of experiments, mice were given intramuscularly injections of 1-3 × 10 5 tumor cells. Four days later, they were injected intravenously with 6-6.7 mg/kg Dox and intraperitoneally with 100-200 mg/kg CP; 200 mkg human DNA was injected intraperitoneally after CP administration. Differences in tumor size between groups were analyzed for statistical significance by Student's t-test. The MTT-test was done to determine the cytotoxic index of mouse leucocytes from treated groups. Results The conducted experiments showed that combined treatment with CP and dsDNA preparation produce an increase in the total amount of mature DCs in vivo . Treatment of tumor bearers with preparation of fragmented dsDNA on the background of pretreatment with Dox plus CP demonstrated a strong suppression of tumor growth in two models. RLS, a weakly immunogenic, resistant to alkalyting cytostatics tumor, grew 3.4-fold slower when compared with the control (p < 0.001). In experiment with Krebs-2 tumor, only 2 of the 10 mice in the Dox+CP+DNA group had a palpable tumor on day 16. The cytotoxic index of leucocytes was 86.5% in the Dox+CP+DNA group, but it was 0% in the Dox+CP group. Conclusions Thus, the set of experiments we performed showed that exogenous dsDNA, when administered on the background of pretreatment with Dox plus CP, has an antitumor effect possibly due to DC activation.
These calculations show that the top of the valence band consists of four spin-degenerate extremes located at $k\ne0$ (valleys) which gives the total degeneracy $K=8$. It is shown that taking into account the ``mixing of states'' at the interfaces leads to the removal of the spin degeneracy that reduces the degeneracy to $K=4$.

The energy spectrum of the valence band in $\mathrm{HgTe}/{\mathrm{Cd}}_{x}{\mathrm{Hg}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}\mathrm{Te}$ quantum wells of a width ($8--20$) nm has been studied experimentally by magnetotransport effects and theoretically in the framework of a four-band $kP$ method. Comparison of the Hall density with the density found from a period of the Shubnikov--de Haas (SdH) oscillations clearly shows that the degeneracy of states of the top of the valence band is equal to 2 at the hole density $p<5.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{11}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$.

Accounting for any additional asymmetry, for example, due to the difference in the mixing parameters at the interfaces, the different broadening of the boundaries of the well, etc., leads to reduction of the valleys degeneracy, making $K=2$. It is noteworthy that for our case twofold degeneracy occurs due to degeneracy of two single-spin valleys. The hole effective mass (${m}_{h}$) determined from analysis of the temperature dependence of the amplitude of the SdH oscillations shows that ${m}_{h}$ is equal to $(0.25\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02){m}_{0}$ and weakly increases with the hole density. Such a value of ${m}_{h}$ and its dependence on the hole density are in a good agreement with the calculated effective mass.
The dependence between the shear stress and integral flow parameters such as fluid flow rate still remains unclear for different microchannel geometries. We present results of the numerical simulation of the 3D fluid flow in a microchannel with a rectangular cross section. Basing on the experimental measurements of the pressure drop the fluid flow and the shear stress are analyzed in detail giving the correlations for the friction factor. The results show that the shear stress for a numerical calculation can be estimated using friction factor from the well-known formula with a slight deviation due to wall and corner effects which can be important with the reduction of microchannel size.
The impact of alcohol on the body can be investigated with NMR spectroscopy in vitro, which can detect a wide range of metabolites but preparing samples includes tissue biopsy. Blood sampling is less invasive, but blood metabolic content might not reflect the changes occurring in other tissues.

Thus, this study aimed to investigate the liver, brain, and serum metabolism and evaluate the link between tissues and serum metabolic content. Two experimental groups with ten outbred rats each were provided intragastrically with water (control group) and 50% ethanol solution (alcohol group) for 28 days. 1 H NMR spectroscopy in vitro was performed on the brain cortex, liver, and serum samples. Student's t test with Holm–Bonferroni correction was used to investigate significant differences between groups. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and two-way ANOVA were performed to compare liver and serum, brain and serum.

In all, 38, 37, and 21 metabolites were identified in the liver, brain, and serum samples, respectively. Significant differences for three metabolites were found in the liver (alanine, proline, and glutathione, p < 0.002) and four in serum (lactate, betaine, acetate, and formic acid, p < 0.002) were detected between the control and alcohol groups. The contents of glucose, betaine, and isoleucine were correlated (r > 0.65) between serum and liver samples. PLS-DA determined separation between all tissues (p < 0.001) and between control and alcohol groups only for liver and serum (p < 0.001). Alcohol had a more substantial effect on liver and serum metabolism than on the brain.
Hybrid organic/inorganic interfaces have been widely reported to host emergent properties that go beyond those of their single constituents. Coupling molecules to the recently discovered topological insulators, which possess a linearly dispersing and spin-momentum--locked Dirac fermions, may offer a promising platform towards new functionalities. Here, we report a scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy study of the prototypical interface between MnPc molecules and a Bi$_2$Te$_3$ surface. MnPc is found to bind stably to the substrate through its central Mn atom. The adsorption process is only accompanied with a minor charge transfer across the interface, resulting in a moderately n-doped Bi$_2$Te$_3$ surface. More remarkably, topological states remain completely unaffected by the presence of the molecules, as evidenced by the absence of scattering patterns around adsorption sites. Interestingly, we show that, while the HOMO and LUMO orbitals closely resembles those of MnPc in the gas phase, a new hybrid states emerges through interaction with the substrate. Our results pave the way towards hybrid organic--topological insulator heterostructures, which may unveil a broad range of exciting and unknown phenomena.
We demonstrate numerically light-pulse combining and pulse compression using wave-collapse (self-focusing) energy-localization dynamics in a continuous-discrete nonlinear system, as implemented in a multicore fiber (MCF) using one-dimensional (1D) and 2D core distribution designs. Large-scale numerical simulations were performed to determine the conditions of the most efficient coherent combining and compression of pulses injected into the considered MCFs. We demonstrate the possibility of combining in a single core 90% of the total energy of pulses initially injected into all cores of a 7-core MCF with a hexagonal lattice. A pulse compression factor of about 720 can be obtained with a 19-core ring MCF.
This study presents a taxonomical review of the species Pseudolamarckina pseudorjasanensis Dain, 1967 collected at different sampling levels from the central and northern parts of European Russia and from Western Siberia.

Morphological and biometrical analyses show that P. pseudorjasanensis is characterized by wide intraspecific variabilities and may encompass various previously described Kimmeridgian species of the genus Pseudolamarckina.

The first appearance of P. pseudorjasanensis is recorded from the latest Early Kimmeridgian of sub-Mediterranean to Arctic regions. Furthermore, P. pseudorjasanensis appears to be the marker species of the foraminiferal JF41 Zone in Kimmeridgian sections of sub-boreal, boreal and Arctic regions. This JF41 Zone is particularly significant for interregional correlations. Finally, P. pseudorjasanensis was widespread across the Kimmeridgian basins of the Northern Hemisphere and was associated with environments predominantly located in the middle sublittoral zone.
Such deposits are widely spread on a huge areas of Siberia and Alaska. The study was conducted near the thermoerosional gully, which propagates along the most thick ice wedges. Polygonal pattern is observable on high-resolution aerial imagery and digital elevation model - this data was used during the interpreting of obtained results.

Magnetometric and ground penetrating radar surveys were implemented on a small area of Yedoma ice complex on Kurungnakh island in Lena river delta. Study area (40×50 m) was covered with highresolution magnetic survey at the elevation of 2 m with 2×2 m step and with ground penetrating radar survey along profiles with 1 m distance between the profiles. Basing on ground penetrating radar data an amplitude slice of at 3,5 m depth was built.

Map of total magnetic field anomalies allow to determine the ice wedges of Yedoma ice complex distinctly. Difference between maximum positive (polygons centers) and negative (ice wedges) anomalies reaches 6 nT (error of the survey is 0,3 nT). Yedoma ice wedges are observable at depth of 3–4 m. Ground penetrating radar data is quite noisy due to surface inhomogeneity (puddles, knolls, etc.). Magnetometric method appears as more efficient than ground penetrating radar survey: it does not require a contact with the surface and more rapid, it is more sensitive as the case stands. Ground penetrating radar method may have advantages in the case of natural (magnetic storm, high-magnetized overlaying deposits) and anthropogenic (metal constructions — pipelines, ETL) noise.
The main goal of the work was to determine the attitude of the American mink to feed consumption, depending on the genotype and behavior.

The object of research was American mink (Neovison vison) of cell breeding of three different genotypes: Standard dark brown (+/ +), Hedlundwhite (h/ h) and Black crystal (C R / +). Groups of animals were initially assessed on aggressive and manual behavior using a special hand catch test method. The duration of the work was 30 days. All animals received a unified ratio according to the recommended norms. Daily feed was weighed before distribution (190 g per 1 head to females and 250 g to males) and the amount of feed consumed a day per group and per 1 head was determined from the remains. The feed consumption was assessed by the indicator of the feed consumed by males and females of different genotypes and behavior. Comparison of the data was carried out using Student t-test. As the temperature factor influences the feed consumption, the feed intake by minks of different genotypes was assessed over seven-day periods.

It was found that in the first observation period there was no difference in the amount of feed consumed by females. However, in the second period, aggressive Hedlund females consumed more than females of the black crystal genotype. In the same period, the females of the black crystal genotype showed the lowest feed consumption in comparison with the standard and Hedlund females. In the third period, Hedlund females consumed the largest amount of feed among aggressor females in comparison with the genotypes Standard and Black Crystal. There are no differences in feed consumption by males of different genotypes for the same periods. Over the entire study period, female aggressors of genotypes Standard and Hedlund consumed more feed than females of the tame type of behavior. The tame males of the standard genotype consumed more feed than the aggressive ones. There were no differences in feed consumption by minks of different behavior of the black crystal genotype.
Background The regulatory feedback loops that present in structural and functional organization of molecular-genetic systems and the phenomenon of the regulatory signal delay, a time period between the moment of signal reception and its implementation, provide natural conditions for complicated dynamic regimes in these systems. The delay phenomenon at the intracellular level is a consequence of the matrix principle of data transmission, implemented through the rather complex processes of transcription and translation.However, the rules of the influence of system structure on system dynamics are not clearly understood. Knowledge of these rules is particularly important for construction of synthetic gene networks with predetermined properties. Results We study dynamical properties of models of simplest circular gene networks regulated by negative feedback mechanisms. We have shown existence and stability of oscillating trajectories (cycles) in these models. Two algorithms of construction and localization of these cycles have been proposed. For one of these models, we have solved an inverse problem of parameters identification. Conclusions The modeling results demonstrate that non-stationary dynamics in the models of circular gene networks with negative feedback loops is achieved by a high degree of non-linearity of the mechanism of the autorepressor influence on its own expression, by the presence of regulatory signal delay, the value of which must exceed a certain critical value, and transcription/translation should be initiated from a sufficiently strong promoter/Shine-Dalgarno site. We believe that the identified patterns are key elements of the oscillating construction design.
In the review, the results of research in the field of heavy crudes upgrading in the presence of water are presented, depending on water phase states at temperatures ca.150-550 ºС.

In this temperature region, water can be in the subcritical state (compressed hot water at T = 100 -374 ºС and saturated water vapor pressure), in the form of supercritical fluid (T ≥ 374 ºС, P ≥ 22.1 MPa) and in the form of superheated steam (at P < saturated water vapor pressure).

Features of the heavy crudes upgrading including mechanisms of water involving in reactions with hydrocarbon feedstocks and model compounds as well as features of the use of catalysts are reviewed.