Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
We report measurements of branching fractions and time-dependent $CP$ asymmetries in ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{+}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{D}^{\ensuremath{\mp}}$ decays using a data sample that contains $(772\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}11)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}B\overline{B}$ pairs collected at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. We determine the branching fractions to be $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{+}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}})=(2.12\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.16\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.18)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ and $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{D}^{\ensuremath{\mp}})=(6.14\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.29\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.50)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$. We measure $CP$ asymmetry parameters ${\mathcal{S}}_{{D}^{+}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}}=\ensuremath{-}{1.06}_{\ensuremath{-}0.14}^{+0.21}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08$ and ${\mathcal{C}}_{{D}^{+}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}}=\ensuremath{-}0.43\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.16\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05$ in ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{+}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${\mathcal{A}}_{{D}^{*}D}=+0.06\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$, ${\mathcal{S}}_{{D}^{*}D}=\ensuremath{-}0.78\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.15\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05$, ${\mathcal{C}}_{{D}^{*}D}=\ensuremath{-}0.01\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.11\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04$, $\ensuremath{\Delta}{\mathcal{S}}_{{D}^{*}D}=\ensuremath{-}0.13\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.15\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04$ and $\ensuremath{\Delta}{\mathcal{C}}_{{D}^{*}D}=+0.12\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.11\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03$ in ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{*\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}{D}^{\ensuremath{\mp}}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. We exclude the conservation of $CP$ symmetry in both decays at equal to or greater than $4\ensuremath{\sigma}$ significance.
Aim. To study the associations of polymorphisms in F2 , F7 , and PAI1 genes with the presence of vulnerable plaque in coronary arteries (CA) and the blood concentration of proteins encoded by these genes. Material and methods. The study included 101 men 40-70 years old with documented coronary atherosclerosis, who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. According to the histological analysis of atherosclerotic plaques, men were divided into 2 groups: 40 men (39,6%) with stable plaque; 61 men (60,4%) with vulnerable plaques in CA. Genotyping of rs1799963 and rs6046 was performed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, rs1799889 — by polymerase chain reaction. Statistical processing was performed using the SPSS 16.0 software package. Results. In patients with stable plaques, allele A of rs6046 polymorphism in the F7 gene was observed in 2,9 times more often (95% confidence interval (CI), 1,20-7,20, p=0,021) than in men with vulnerable plaques. The odds ratio of the GA genotype carriage is 4,03 times higher among patients with stable plaques in CA compared with vulnerable plaques (95% CI, 1,49-10,93, p=0,006). The odds ratio of the 5G/4G genotype carriage among patients with stable plaques in CA is 2,47 times higher than in patients with vulnerable plaques (95% CI, 1,08-5,62, p=0,039). The 4G/4G genotype carriage is 5,85 times much more common in men with stable plaques (95% CI, 1,61-21,34, p=0,003). Conclusion. Polymorphism in the PAI1 (rs1799889) and F7 (rs6046) genes are associated with the presence of vulnerable plaques in CA in men with verified coronary atherosclerosis. There were no differences between the groups in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles of the rs1799963 polymorphism of the F2 gene. Also, no significant differences were found in the blood levels of PAI-1 and factor VII in groups with different genotypes.
The article raises issues related to written fixation of the oral Mennonite language called Plautdietsch. The Mennonites – members of one of the Protestant churches, established first in Holland and northern Germany – changed their place of residence over the centuries. The Mennonite language emerged in Prussia and later in Ukraine, where their large colonies had lived. Being a striking feature of this specific ethno-confessional community, Plautdietsch was and still is used almost exclusively in oral communication and does not have any established written standard. The phonology of Plautdietsch may be identified, in general, as Low German, although there is a number of significant phonological features are not characteristic of Low German area.

In this paper, we focus on these unstable features of the vocal system. It provides a brief overview of currently available written samples of Plautdietsch, produced in Canada, Germany, and Russia. Some of them are based on the Latin alphabet and norms of the German spelling. Others, on the contrary, depart from it, using specific letter combinations, unknown earlier, introducing geminates (double consonants), refusing to spell nouns with a capital letter or to use umlauts (for technical convenience). Developments and tentative approaches of some Germanists from Russia who introduced their own ways of writing Plautdietsch in their research papers are presented. As an illustration, the samples of such a graphic system, elaborated by the linguist from Novosibirsk I. A. Kanakin (1940–2018), are given. They were not published and are kept in the personal archive of the author of the article. Our own principle of writing is presented too, and this as a part of the project implementation – compiling and publishing a small handbook for reading in this language, which is addressed to children, whose native language is Plautdietsch and who study literary German at school.

Taking this into account, the most appropriate ad-hoc solution seems to use a form of writing that is close to German spelling and is accepted today in Germany.
Medical genetics problems have been discussed in the articles from previous post-conference journal issues [5-8].In year 2017, respective conference highlights were organized into the Special Issues with reports from Belyaev Readings-2017 memorial event (http:/
Transformations of nitrogen and hydrogen defects in natural octahedral and cuboid diamonds after multi-stage annealing at P = 6 GPa and T = 2200°C are presented. It has been observed that nitrogen aggregation from A- to B-defects in octahedral diamonds has gradually increased. This transformation of nitrogen has proceeded more rapidly in cuboid diamonds. One may confirm that most of the cuboid diamonds characterized by a low nitrogen aggregation state were not annealed over a long period at mantle conditions and their formation occurred shortly before transportation to the Earth’s surface. Unlike octahedral diamonds, cuboid diamonds show a considerable increase in the intensity of the primary hydrogen-related peaks after the annealing, thus implying involvement of sites to which the hydrogen can bond and become IR-active, but these sites are simply not available in the octahedral diamonds. The magnitude to which peak 3107 cm–1 is increased after annealing has been found to be correlated with the total nitrogen content in cuboid diamonds. This supports the suggestion that the vibrational system with a primary line at 3107 cm–1 corresponds to a C-H vibration bonded to some form of aggregated nitrogen.
The effect of glycols on the catalytic properties of phosphate-doped NiMo/Al2O3 catalysts in the hydrotreating of straight-run gas oil (SRGO) was studied. The NiMo(P)/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared using ethylene glycol (EG), diethylene glycol (DEG), and triethylene glycol (TEG) as additives. The organic agent was introduced into the aqueous impregnation solution obtained by the dissolving of MoO3 in H3PO4 solution, followed by Ni(OH)2 addition. The Raman and UV–Vis studies show that the impregnation solution contains diphosphopentamolybdate HxP2Mo5O23(6−x)− and Ni(H2O)62+, and that these ions are not affected by the presence of glycols. When the impregnation solution comes in contact with the γ-Al2O3 surface, HxP2Mo5O23(6−x)− is decomposed completely. The catalysts were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, low-temperature N2 adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. It is shown that the sulfide catalysts prepared with glycols display higher activity in the hydrotreating of straight-run gas oil than the NiMoP/Al2O3 catalyst prepared without the additive. The hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation activities depend on the glycol type and are decreased in the following order: NiMoP-DEG/Al2O3 > NiMoP-EG/Al2O3 > NiMoP-TEG/Al2O3 > NiMoP/Al2O3. The higher activity of NiMoP-DEG/Al2O3 can be explained with the higher dispersion of molybdenum on the surface of the catalyst in the sulfide state.
<span>Автор анализирует сложные страницы истории советской науки на примере новосибирского Академгородка. Характеризуются взаимоотношения научного сообщества и правящих структур, рассматриваются властные отношения в организации научной деятельности. Подчеркивается, что в создании и развитии Города науки в Сибири с наибольшей полнотой реализовался позитивный потенциал существовавшей в то время в нашей стране общественной системы. Речь идет, прежде всего, о возможности максимальной концентрации ресурсов на приоритетных направлениях развития. Вместе с тем в истории Академгородка ярко проявились многие противоречия системы «государственного социализма»</span><span class="myHorizontalScaleForEmDashSpaceBefore"> </span><span>–</span><span class="myHorizontalScaleForEmDashSpaceAfter"> </span><span>диктат властных инстанций, иерархизм и бюрократизм.</span>
Investigation of the frequencies of functionally significant gene variants in the context of medical biology and gene geography is a relevant issue for studying the genetic structure of human populations. The transition from a traditional to an urbanized lifestyle leads to a higher incidence of civilizational diseases associated with metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The study was performed in the monoethnic samples of eastern and western Buryats, Teleuts, Dolgans, and two territorial groups of Yakuts. A real-time PCR was used to determine the frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) G103894T, rs12255372, and C53341T, rs7903146 in the TCF7L2 gene. The results obtained were compared to the frequencies identified for Russians from Eastern Siberia and the values available in the literature.

The frequencies of the polymorphic variants studied in the samples from the indigenous Siberian peoples place them in between Caucasian and East Asian populations, following the geographic gradient of polymorphism distribution. A significantly lower occurrence of type 2 diabetes risk alleles TCF7L2 (103894T) and TCF7L2 (53341T) in the samples of indigenous Siberian peoples compared to Russians was observed, which agrees with their lower susceptibility to metabolic disorders compared to the newcomer Caucasian population. Taking into account urbanization, a reduced growth in type 2 diabetes incidence may be predicted in indigenous Siberian peoples, i. e. Buryats, Yakuts, Dolgans, and Teleuts, compared to the newcomer Caucasian population.
Rodent models are an indispensable tool for studying etiology and progress of depression. Since interrelated systems of neurotrophic factors and cytokines comprise major regulatory mechanisms controlling normal brain plasticity, impairments of these systems form the basis for development of cerebral pathologies, including mental diseases. The present review focuses on the numerous experimental rodent models of depression induced by different stress factors (exteroceptive and interoceptive) during early life (including prenatal period) or adulthood, giving emphasis to the data on the changes of neurotrophic factors and neuroinflammatory indices in the brain. These parameters are closely related to behavioral depression-like symptoms and impairments of neuronal plasticity and are both gender- and genotype-dependent. Stress-related changes in expression of neurotrophins and cytokines in rodent brain are region-specific. Some contradictory data reported by different groups may be a consequence of differences of stress paradigms or their realization in different laboratories. Like all experimental models, stress-induced depression-like conditions are experimental simplification of clinical depression states; however, they are suitable for understanding the involvement of neurotrophic factors and cytokines in the pathogenesis of the disease—a goal unachievable in the clinical reality. These major regulatory systems may be important targets for therapeutic measures as well as for development of drugs for treatment of depression states.
The tradition of caching weapons and armor was practiced by various peoples of southern and western Siberia during the Xiongnu-Xianbei age and in the Early Middle Ages.

Based on the analysis of various types of plates, a reconstruction of the late first millennium AD Old Turkic armor is proposed.

We suggest that the Filimonovo assemblage is a cache. The armor, the decorated stirrups, and horse harness from Filimonovo apparently date to the late 500s, when the Yenisei Kyrgyz were forced to admit their vassalage to rulers of the First Turkic Khaganate.
Experimental study of the effect of a weak shock wave from the protuberance of two-dimensional roughness installed on the side wall of the test section of the wind tunnel on the supersonic boundary layer of the blunted flat plate at the Mach number 2.5 was carried out.

The measurements were performed by a constant temperature hot-wire anemometer in the region of stream wise vortices generated by the shock wave from the protuberance during interaction with the flow in the vicinity of the leading edge of the model. The spectral and statistical analyses of the measured disturbances in the boundary layer were carried out.

The amplitude-frequency spectra of mass flow pulsations and statistical diagrams of the measured disturbances in the supersonic part of the boundary layer were obtained.
To change the wavelength of undulator radiation, variation of the undulator magnetic field amplitude is frequently applied. Another option is changing the undulator period. A corresponding scheme is described. Both the period and number of periods can be changed. For a set of undulator sections (as in the x-ray free-electron lasers ), the mechanical motion of the periods allows doing without phase shifters between the undulator sections. Magnetic field calculations for some undulator parameters of interest were performed. Numerous advantages of the new undulators (fixed gap, strong dependence of the undulator radiation wavelength on the period, relatively low field amplitude variation, and variable number of periods) look very attractive. The prospects for this new type of undulators are discussed.
The following salts have been synthesized and structurally characterized: Na2[IrF6]·2H2O (C2/m, a = 6.6327(4), b = 10.0740(6), c = 5.9283(5) Å, β = 122.3880(10)°) and Na3[IrF6]·2H2O (R-3, a = 7.5963(3), b = 7.5963(3), c = 9.8056(4) Å) (for the first time) by single-crystal X-ray diffraction; the unit cell parameters of a tetragonal phase (P42/mnm, a = 5.005(2), c = 10.074(4) Å) of the stable α-Na2[IrF6] were determined for the first time; and the unit cell parameters of β-Na2[IrF6] (P321, a = 9.332(4), c = 5.136(2) Å) and Na3[IrF6] (P21/n, a = 5.567(4), b = 5.778(4), c = 8.017(2) Å, β = 90.41(2)°) were determined using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD).

The data of the thermal stability was obtained by differential thermal analysis (DTA) for all substances.

The presence of Na3[IrF6]·H2O monohydrate is predicted. H2[IrF6] was prepared in a solution and was demonstrated to behave as a strong dibasic acid.
The data presented in this article relate to the scientific article 'Pyrolysis of a mixture of monosilane and alkanes in a compression reactor to produce nanodispersed silicon carbide' [1].

In the above article, a method is proposed for producing nanosized silicon carbide powder by compression in a cyclic process of a chemical reactor. Pyrolysis is initiated in mixtures of monosilane and hydrocarbon with argon.

The article also presents the analysis data of the obtained product by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy.
The thermokinetic data on the process of oxidation, of NH4VO3 + HOCH2CH2OH modified ASD-4 powder have been obtained by the TG and DSC methods during heating in air up to 1473 K at a rate of 10 K / min. The process of phase formation was studied directly during oxidation of the modified ASD-4 powder under similar conditions by the X-ray diffraction method using a synchrotron radiation from the VEPP-3 station of Channel 4 on the basis of equipment available at ISSCM SB RAS. It was found that oxidation of the activated powders is shifted into the low temperature region. Two modifiers: NH4VO3 + HOCH2CH2OH and previously examined V2O5 nH2O were compared.
The importance of the problem of ambiguity and uncertainty nowadays is indisputable. In this regard, the role of research and diagnostics of such psychological construct as tolerance to ambiguity increases. The article presents an overview of modern methods of diagnosing tolerance and intolerance to ambiguity, as well as the results of the first stage of adaptation of the Measurement of Ambiguity Tolerance (MAT-50) (Norton, 1975) in Russian sample (n = 756). Data were obtained on the reliability of the questionnaire internal consistency (0.87). It is planned further to establish the factor structure and validity of the questionnaire.
Drosophila melanogaster is one of the popular model organisms in DNA replication studies. Since the 1960s, DNA replication of polytene chromosomes has been extensively studied by cytological methods. In the recent two decades, the progress in our understanding of DNA replication was associated with new techniques.

Use of fluorescent dyes increased the resolution of cytological methods significantly. High-throughput methods allowed analysis of DNA replication on a genome scale, as well as its correlation with chromatin structure and gene activity. Precise mapping of the cytological structures of polytene chromosomes to the genome assembly allowed comparison of replication between polytene chromosomes and chromosomes of diploid cells.

New features of replication characteristic for D. melanogaster were described for both diploid and polytene chromosomes. Comparison of genomic replication profiles revealed a significant similarity between Drosophila and other well-studied eukaryotic species, such as human. Early replication is often confined to intensely transcribed gene-dense regions characterized by multiple replication initiation sites. Features of DNA replication in Drosophila might be explained by a compact genome. The organization of replication in polytene chromosomes has much in common with the organization of replication in chromosomes in diploid cells. The most important feature of replication in polytene chromosomes is its low rate and the dependence of S-phase duration on many factors: external and internal, local and global. The speed of replication forks in D. melanogaster polytene chromosomes is affected by SUUR and Rif1 proteins. It is not known yet how universal the mechanisms associated with these factors are, but their study is very promising.
The use of the endoscopic technique largely improves treatment outcomes in patients with multilocular hydrocephalus. However, impaired anatomy and the lack of usual landmarks often cause problems in planning and intraoperative identification of changed structures. The use of frameless navigation during endoscopic interventions can significantly facilitate surgeon tasks and increases the efficacy of surgery. During surgery, the neuronavigation system visualizes a rigid endoscope that interconnects separated ventricles and cysts. Surgery can be completed with guiding a stent through an operating channel of the endoscope and implanting a shunt system.Ten children underwent 11 endoscopic interventions using frameless intraoperative navigation at our clinic in 2013-2014. The number of surgically interconnected compartments ranged from 3 to 5. Simultaneous placement of a shunt system was performed in 8 of 11 interventions.Clinical improvement as a result of the operation was achieved in all children. 2 patients underwent re-operations 5 months and 1 year after endoscopic intervention.Thus, the use of frameless navigation during endoscopic interventions makes their implementation most efficient and safe for the patient.Использование эндоскопической техники во многом улучшает результаты лечения больных с многоуровневой гидроцефалией, однако зачастую возникают сложности в планировании и интраоперационной идентификации измененных структур в условиях нарушенной анатомии и отсутствия привычных ориентиров. Применение безрамной навигации при эндоскопических вмешательствах позволяет существенно облегчить задачи хирурга и повысить эффективность операции. Во время операции в нейронавигационной системе выполняется регистрация ригидного эндоскопа, которым осуществляется соединение между собой разобщенных желудочков и кист. Операция может быть завершена проведением стента через рабочий канал эндоскопа с имплантацией шунтирующей системы. Материал и методы. В нашей клинике за 2013-2014 гг. у 10 детей выполнено 11 эндоскопических вмешательств с использованием интраоперационной безрамной навигации. Количество компартментов, соединенных между собой в результате операции, составило от 3 до 5. В 8 из 11 вмешательств одномоментно выполнена установка шунтирующей системы. Результаты. У всех детей вследствие проведенной операции достигнуто клиническое улучшение. Повторные операции потребовались двум пациентам: через 5 мес и через 1 год после эндоскопического вмешательства. Заключение. Таким образом, применение безрамной навигации при эндоскопических вмешательствах позволяет наиболее эффективно и безопасно для пациента выполнять данный вид операций.
Gene duplication is an important mechanistic antecedent to the evolution of new genes and novel biochemical functions. In an attempt to assess the contribution of gene duplication to genome evolution in archaea and bacteria, clusters of related genes that appear to have expanded subsequent to the diversification of the major prokaryotic lineages (lineage-specific expansions) were analyzed. Analysis of 21 completely sequenced prokaryotic genomes shows that lineage-specific expansions comprise a substantial fraction (∼5%–33%) of their coding capacities. A positive correlation exists between the fraction of the genes taken up by lineage-specific expansions and the total number of genes in a genome. Consistent with the notion that lineage-specific expansions are made up of relatively recently duplicated genes, >90% of the detected clusters consists of only two to four genes. The more common smaller clusters tend to include genes with higher pairwise similarity (as reflected by average score density) than larger clusters. Regardless of size, cluster members tend to be located more closely on bacterial chromosomes than expected by chance, which could reflect a history of tandem gene duplication. In addition to the small clusters, almost all genomes also contain rare large clusters of size ≥20. Several examples of the potential adaptive significance of these large clusters are explored. The presence or absence of clusters and their related genes was used as the basis for the construction of a similarity graph for completely sequenced prokaryotic genomes. The topology of the resulting graph seems to reflect a combined effect of common ancestry, horizontal transfer, and lineage-specific gene loss.