Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) structures based on thin GeO[SiO2] and GeO[SiO] films on Si substrates were fabricated with indium-tin-oxide as a top electrode. The samples were divided it two series: one was left as deposited, while the second portion of MIS structures was annealed at 500 °C in argon for 20 min. The structural properties of as-deposited and annealed non-stoichiometric germanosilicate (GeSixOy) films were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron microscopy, Raman and infrared absorption spectroscopy, spectral ellipsometry, and transmittance and reflectance spectroscopy. It was found that the as-deposited GeO[SiO] film contained amorphous Ge clusters. Annealing led to the formation of amorphous Ge nanoclusters in the GeO[SiO2] film and an increase of amorphous Ge volume in the GeO[SiO] film. Switching from a high resistance state (HRS OFF) to a low resistance state (LRS ON) and vice versa was detected in the as-deposited and annealed MIS structures. The endurance studies showed that slight degradation of the memory window occurred, mainly caused by the decrease of the ON state current. Notably, intermediate resistance states were observed in almost all MIS structures, in addition to the HRS and LRS states. This property can be used for the simulation of neuromorphic devices and related applications in data science.
We report the results of a search for the decay ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}X(3872)(\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}})\ensuremath{\gamma}$.

The analysis is performed on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $711\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and containing $772\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}B\overline{B}$ pairs, collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider running at the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4S)$ resonance energy.

We find no evidence for a signal and place an upper limit of $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}X(3872)\ensuremath{\gamma})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathcal{B}(X(3872)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}})<5.1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$ at 90% confidence level.
The parameters of the equivalent central dipole calculated using hourly values of the magnetic field elements during 2011: the angular elements transformed to the hourly values of the geographic coordinates of the North magnetic pole and the intensity values transformed to local magnetic constant. Next step is the calculation of the daily mean values at every hour. This method applied to both current digital data and historical data presented as monthly tables of hourly values. The advantage of method is its ability to show the changes of the magnetic field independently from daily variation. Using of the “integrate” parameters (the magnetic pole coordinates and local magneto constant) allows detect the regional features of its variations. The features in the daily values compared with anomalous geological and geophysical events observed in the past and predicted in the near future.
Biodiesel is one of the most attractive sources of clean energy. It is produced by the transformation of vegetable oils with up to 10% formation of glycerol as a by-product. Therefore, development of new approaches for processing bio-glycerol into such value-added chemical compounds as solketals is necessary. Thus, various six- and five-membered cyclic compounds can be prepared by acetalization of glycerol with aldehyde or ketone. The resulting glycerol oxygenates are excellent fuel additives that increase viscosity, octane or cetane number, and stability to oxidation. In addition, these products significantly reduce carbon monoxide emissions from standard diesel fuel. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the glycerol valorization for the sustainable production of bio-additives. The review includes a discussion of the innovative and potential catalysts to produce solketals.
The work is aimed at investigation of dynamic and structural characteristics of the self-sustained evaporation front in freon R21 under the conditions of free convection.

The diagram of stability of evaporation front interface, built by the Landau theory, was proposed. The obtained experimental data were analyzed from the standpoint of instability development at intense evaporation.

The results demonstrate the presence of two typical zones in the diagram of dependence of front propagation velocity on heating surface overheating. Formation of small-scaled fast growing disturbances was detected at the interface. It is shown that development of interface instability for perturbation scales of about layer thickness corresponds to the area of more intense evaporation.
Using the inclusive photon spectrum based on a data sample collected at the $J/\psi$ peak with the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M $e^+e^-$ collider, we measured the rate of the radiative decay $J/\psi\to\gamma\eta_{\rm c}$ as well as $\eta_{\rm c}$ mass and width. Taking into account an asymmetric photon lineshape we obtained $\Gamma^0_{\gamma\eta_{\rm c}}=2.98\pm0.18 \phantom{|}^{+0.15}_{-0.33}$ keV, $M_{\eta_{\rm c}} = 2983.5 \pm 1.4 \phantom{|}^{+1.6}_{-3.6}$ MeV/$c^2$, $\Gamma_{\eta_{\rm c}} = 27.2 \pm 3.1 \phantom{|}^{+5.4}_{-2.6}$ MeV.
The process $e^+e^- \to K^0_L K^0_S$ has been studied with the CMD-2 detector using about 950 events detected in the center-of-mass energy range from 1.05 to 1.38 GeV. The cross section exceeds the expectation based on the contributions of the rho(770), omega(782) and phi(1020) mesons only.
The work is devoted to one of the approaches in the numerical simulation of filtration processes of a two-phase incompressible fluid.Bukley -Leverett problem is considered with solutions of a shock wave type.Within the mixed finite element method upwind algorithm for solution to equation for saturation is proposed, which gives solutions without numerical oscillations at the discontinuity.Special attention is paid to a new approach to solving the degenerate Neumann problem in a mixed formulation for the pressure and total flow velocity.The work is accompanied by an illustration of the results of numerical experiments for 3D problem.
Auxin and ethylene pathways cooperatively regulate a variety of developmental processes in plants. Growth responses to ethylene are largely dependent on auxin, the key regulator of plant morphogenesis. Auxin, in turn, is capable of inducing ethylene biosynthesis and signaling making the interaction of these hormones reciprocal. Recent studies discovered a bunch of molecular events underlying auxin-ethylene crosstalk.

In this review, we summarize the results of fine-scale and large-scale experiments on interaction of auxin and ethylene pathways in Arabidopsis. We integrate the knowledge on the molecular crosstalk events, their tissue specificity and associated phenotypic responses to decipher the crosstalk mechanisms at a systems level.

We also discuss the prospects of applying systems biology approaches to study the mechanisms of crosstalk between plant hormones.
A search is conducted for the electroweak pair production of a chargino and a neutralino $pp \rightarrow \tilde\chi^\pm_1 \tilde\chi^0_2$, where the chargino decays into the lightest neutralino and a $W$ boson, $\tilde\chi^\pm_1 \rightarrow \tilde\chi^0_1 W^{\pm}$, while the neutralino decays into the lightest neutralino and a Standard Model-like 125 GeV Higgs boson, $\tilde\chi^0_2 \rightarrow \tilde\chi^0_1 h$.

Fully hadronic, semileptonic, diphoton, and multilepton (electrons, muons) final states with missing transverse momentum are considered in this search. Higgs bosons in the final state are identified by either two jets originating from bottom quarks ($h \rightarrow b\bar{b}$), two photons ($h \rightarrow \gamma\gamma$), or leptons from the decay modes $h \rightarrow WW$, $h \rightarrow ZZ$ or $h \rightarrow \tau \tau$. The analysis is based on 36.1 fb$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

Observations are consistent with the Standard Model expectations, and 95% confidence-level limits of up to 680 GeV in $\tilde\chi^\pm_1/\tilde\chi^0_2$ mass are set in the context of a simplified supersymmetric model.
We investigate the superradiance effects in three-dimensional topological insulator HgTe with conducting surface states.

We demonstrate that the superradiance can be explained using the classical electrodynamic approach. Experiments using the continuous-wave spectroscopy allowed us to separate the energy losses in the system into intrinsic and radiation losses, respectively.

These results demonstrate that the superradiance effects are not sensitive to the details of the band structure of the material.
This article presents a method of extracting repeating sequences belonging to an ε-tube for a given ε from the impulse signals generated by heart of man. The method was developed by the authors in 1970s and enables us to identify repeating pieces, words (or patterns or matrices), in the rows of RRintervals of electrocardiograms.

There are 15 types of Poincare plot of the heart rhythm, constructed at the same time, using 342 sequences of RR intervals of 309 patients. Using night data (at rest) of the 24 hour records of RR-intervals 216 patients are installed repeatability of these15 types of Poincaré plot.

The authors also identified 15 types of Poincare plot for the heart rate, the analysis of which allowed authors to see geometric figures that look like letters and other symbols used in written language, as well as parts of circles or ellipses. For one of these 15 types of Poincaré plot rhythm of the heart, which was found in 29 patients, a high one was detected up to hundred times, the frequency of triads and quadruples of RR-intervals.
Sexual reproduction is a ubiquitous basic feature of life and genetic sex determination is thus widespread, at least among eukaryotes. Understanding the remarkable diversity of sex determination mechanisms, however, is limited by the paucity of empirical studies.

Here, we traced back the evolution of sex determination in an entire clade of vertebrates and uncovered that the northern pike ( Esox lucius ) master sex-determining gene initiated from a 65 to 90 million-year-old gene duplication and remained sex-linked on undifferentiated sex chromosomes for at least 56 million years. Contrasting with its ancient origin, we identified several independent species- or population-specific transitions of sex determination mechanisms in this lineage, including an unexpected complete and recent Y-chromosome loss in some North American northern pike populations.

These findings highlight the diversity of the evolutionary fates of master sex-determining genes and raise the importance of careful considerations of population demographic history in sex determination studies. Our study also puts forward the hypothesis that occasional sex reversals and genetic bottlenecks provide a non-adaptive explanation for sex determination transitions.
With using mathematical modeling methods of creating a cloud of inert particles due to the breakthrough of a high-pressure chamber (HPC), as well as due to a jet of suspension of inert particles was studied. The possibility of detonation weakening and failure in the channel were shown. And the flow fields were described in the interaction of an inert cloud with a heterogeneous detonation wave. The drawbacks of the obtained method of particle propagation were described.
In this study, we collected and systemized diverse information related to depressive and anxiety disorders as the first step on the way to investigate the associations between molecular genetics, electrophysiological, behavioral, and psychological characteristics of people. Keeping that in mind, we developed an internet resource including a database and tools for primary presentation of the collected data of genetic factors, the results of electroencephalography (EEG) tests, and psychological questionnaires. The sample of our study was 1010 people from different regions of Russia. We created the integrated ICBrainDB database that enables users to easily access, download, and further process information about individual behavioral characteristics and psychophysiological responses along with inherited trait data. The data obtained can be useful in training neural networks and in machine learning construction processes in Big Data analysis. We believe that the existence of such a resource will play an important role in the further search for associations of genetic factors and EEG markers of depression.
To deliver efficacious personalised cancer treatment, it is essential to characterise the cellular metabolism as well as the genetic stability of individual tumours. In this study, we describe a new axis between DNA repair and detoxification of aldehyde derivatives with important implications for patient prognosis and treatment.
In a wind tunnel of low subsonic speeds, an experimental study was conducted of the windward flow of a trapezoidal model of a flying wing (UAV) with a locally installed perturbation generator in the region of maximum susceptibility on its surface. The generator was a three-dimensional roughness element whose height was comparable to the thickness of the boundary layer.

The uniqueness of the work was that the experiments were carried out in a wind tunnel at real flight Reynolds numbers on a UAV model at a scale of 1:1. The results of visualization of the flow near a smooth surface and behind roughness were obtained using the method of liquid crystal thermography.

The internal structure and processes of development of the longitudinal perturbation behind the roughness downstream were studied in detail using the thermoanemometry method.
Aim . To study the associations of electrophysiological signs of metabolic disorders with lipid and non-lipid risk factors in the urban 25–44-year-old population.

Methods . A population survey (random sample) of Novosibirsk residents aged 25–44 years (656 men, 783 women) was conducted. The concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were determined. Systolic / diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, presence of arterial hypertension, and smoking status were evaluated. The following electrocardiographic markers of metabolic disturbances were analyzed: baseline non-ischemic ST elevation depression >0.5 mm, baseline ST elevation >0.5 mm, and T-wave changes (flattening, amplitude reduction, inversion).

Results . ST segment depression was detected in 4.2% of subjects (5.8% women, 2.4% men (p = 0.001)). ST segment elevation was detected in 28.5% of subjects (17.5% women, 41.6% men (p<0.001)). T-wave changes were detected in 18.9% of subjects (14.2% women, 24.5% men (p<0.001)). It was noted that men with elevated LDL-C levels and hypertension were more likely to have ST segment depression (1.4 and 1.9 times, respectively) than men without these abnormalities. In the general population, people with elevated LDL-C levels were 1.2 times more likely to have ST segment depression. Among men with ST segment elevation the concentration of LDL-C in the blood was 1.06 times higher than in men without ST segment elevation. People with a higher body mass index were 1.15 and 1.3 times more likely to have a T-wave change (in the general and female population, respectively). In the general population with T-wave changes, waist circumference and systolic blood pressure level were 1.02 and 1.02 times higher, respectively. Conclusion . ST segment elevation and depression, and T-wave changes are associated with lipid and non-lipid risk factors for ischemic heart disease. The data obtained indicate a potentiating effect of metabolic disorders in the body on the development of risk factors for ischemic heart disease and metabolic cardiomyopathy.
The article considers the theoretical foundations of the creation and understanding of the effectiveness of the development of innovative potential of teachers of universities with a personal point of view. The result of the innovation process in education is the application of innovations in theory and practice. Innovation in the education system is the introduction of innovations for the purpose of education, the transformation of new approaches and practices and forms of education, the introduction and dissemination of new pedagogical systems, the creation, development and implementation of new school management technologies. to meet the new requirements.

The concept of an innovative educational process as a system of primary values characterizes it as spiritual production, and its product is not only the acquisition of new knowledge and values, but also the disclosure of the true strengths and abilities of students. Innovations in education are based on socially significant values: people, life, work, home land.

This is considered as an indispensable condition for creating an effective model for the development of innovation potential of teachers of universities at the expense of using innovations in additional professional education. The basic concept of 'innovative potential of university teachers' is defined. The purpose of this article is to consider the theoretical aspects of the development of innovative potential of teachers in the system of additional professional education.
The paper reports on the investigation of the flow and flame front dynamics in a premixed conical methane/air flame perturbed by an acoustic field. The investigation is carried out by using stereoscopic particle image velocimetry and planar laser-induced fluorescence of HCHO to measure simultaneously the instantaneous velocity field and flame front location in the axial plane. The optical techniques provided information about local velocity and velocity gradients, stretching and curvature of the flame front. Flow conditions when the flame is covered from the top by a cooled metallic flat plate are also considered. It is found that the flow and flame front lose axial symmetry when the obstacle is present because of disruption of the global instability mechanism of the combustion products plume driven by bouncy force.
Background In this paper we describe an analysis of the size evolution of both protein domains and their indels, as inferred by changing sizes of whole domains or individual unaligned regions or "spacers". We studied relatively early evolutionary events and focused on protein domains which are conserved among various taxonomy groups. Results We found that more than one third of all domains have a statistically significant tendency to increase/decrease in size in evolution as judged from the overall domain size distribution as well as from the size distribution of individual spacers. Moreover, the fraction of domains and individual spacers increasing in size is almost twofold larger than the fraction decreasing in size. Conclusion We showed that the tolerance to insertion and deletion events depends on the domain's taxonomy span. Eukaryotic domains are depleted in insertions compared to the overall test set, namely, the number of spacers increasing in size is about the same as the number of spacers decreasing in size. On the other hand, ancient domain families show some bias towards insertions or spacers which grow in size in evolution. Domains from several Gene Ontology categories also demonstrate certain tendencies for insertion or deletion events as inferred from the analysis of spacer sizes.
The energy structure and the value of the electrooptic effect in heteroepitaxial structures (HES) with multiple InGaAlAs / InAlAs quantum wells have been studied.

The interferometric method has been developed to determine small changes in the refractive index under transverse transmission of light through a layered structure.

The length of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer for the modulator at HES with multiple InGaAlAs / InAlAs quantum wells has been chosen.
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for a heterotopic U87 glioblastoma model in SCID mice using boron phenylalanine (BPA), sodium borocaptate (BSH) and liposomal BSH as boron compounds at a unique, accelerator-based neutron source.Materials and methods: Glioblastoma models were obtained by subcutaneous implantation of U87 cells in the right thighs of SCID mice before administration of 350 mg/kg of BPA (BPA-group), 100 mg/kg of BSH (BSH-group) or 100 mg/kg of BSH in PEGylated liposomes (liposomal BSH-group) into the retroorbital sinus. Liposomes were prepared by reverse-phase evaporation. Neutron irradiation was carried out at a proton accelerator with a lithium target developed for BNCT at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation. A proton beam current integral of 3 mA/h and energy of 2.05 MeV were used for neutron generation.Results: Boron compound accumulation in tumor tissues at the beginning of irradiation was higher in the BPA group, followed by the Liposomal BSH and BSH groups. Tumor growth was significantly slower in all irradiated mice from the 7th day after BNCT compared to untreated controls (p < .05). Tumor growth in all treated groups showed no large variation, apart from the Irradiation only group and the BPA group on the 7th day after BNCT. The overall trend of tumor growth was clear and the differences between treatment groups became significant from the 50th day after BNCT. Tumor growth was significantly slower in the Liposomal BSH group compared to the Irradiation only group on the 50th (p = .012), 53rd (p = .005), and the 57th (p = .021) days after treatment. Tumor growth in the Liposomal BSH group was significantly different from that in the BPA group on the 53rd day after BNCT (p = .021) and in the BSH group on the 50th (p = .024), 53rd (p = .015), and 57th (p = .038) days after BNCT. Skin reactions in the form of erosions and ulcers in the tumor area developed in treated as well as untreated animals with further formation of fistulas and necrotic decay cavities in most irradiated mice.Conclusions: We observed a tendency of BNCT at the accelerator-based neutron source to reduce or suspend the growth of human glioblastoma in immunodeficient animals. Liposomal BSH showed better long-term results compared to BPA and non-liposomal BSH. Further modifications in liposomal boron delivery are being studied to improve treatment outcomes.