Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
We review the present status of the Standard Model calculation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. This is performed in a perturbative expansion in the fine-structure constant α and is broken down into pure QED, electroweak, and hadronic contributions. The pure QED contribution is by far the largest and has been evaluated up to and including O(α 5) with negligible numerical uncertainty. The electroweak contribution is suppressed by (m μ∕M W) 2 and only shows up at the level of the seventh significant digit. It has been evaluated up to two loops and is known to better than one percent. Hadronic contributions are the most difficult to calculate and are responsible for almost all of the theoretical uncertainty. The leading hadronic contribution appears at O(α 2) and is due to hadronic vacuum polarization, whereas at O(α 3) the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution appears. Given the low characteristic scale of this observable, these contributions have to be calculated with nonperturbative methods, in particular, dispersion relations and the lattice approach to QCD. The largest part of this review is dedicated to a detailed account of recent efforts to improve the calculation of these two contributions with either a data-driven, dispersive approach, or a first-principle, lattice-QCD approach. The final result reads a μ SM=116591810(43)×10 −11 and is smaller than the Brookhaven measurement by 3.7σ. The experimental uncertainty will soon be reduced by up to a factor four by the new experiment currently running at Fermilab, and also by the future J-PARC experiment. This and the prospects to further reduce the theoretical uncertainty in the near future – which are also discussed here – make this quantity one of the most promising places to look for evidence of new physics.
It integrates the previous models primarily developed by A. C. Guyton, F. Karaaslan, K. M. Hallow, and Y. V. Solodyannikov. For the model creation and validation, we involved over 200 scientific studies covering known models of the human cardiovascular and renal functions, biosimulation platforms, and clinical measurements of physiological quantities in normal and pathological conditions.

Here we present a modular agent-based mathematical model of the human cardiovascular and renal systems. We performed the model calibration to find an equilibrium state within the normal vital sign ranges for a healthy adult. We verified the model's abilities to reproduce equilibrium states with abnormal physiological values related to different combinations of cardiovascular diseases (such as systemic hypertension, chronic heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, etc.). We compiled detailed documentation describing all equations, parameters and variables of the model with justification of all formulas and values.

The model is implemented in BioUML and available in the web-version of the software.
Human NEIL2 DNA glycosylase (hNEIL2) is a base excision repair protein that removes oxidative lesions from DNA. A distinctive feature of hNEIL2 is its preference for the lesions in bubbles and other non-canonical DNA structures. Although a number of associations of polymorphisms in the hNEIL2 gene were reported, there is little data on the functionality of the encoded protein variants, as follows: only hNEIL2 R103Q was described as unaffected, and R257L, as less proficient in supporting the repair in a reconstituted system.

Here, we report the biochemical characterization of two hNEIL2 variants found as polymorphisms in the general population, R103W and P304T. Arg103 is located in a long disordered segment within the N-terminal domain of hNEIL2, while Pro304 occupies a position in the β-turn of the DNA-binding zinc finger motif. Similar to the wild-type protein, both of the variants could catalyze base excision and nick DNA by β-elimination but demonstrated a lower affinity for DNA. Steady-state kinetics indicates that the P304T variant has its catalytic efficiency (in terms of kcat/KM) reduced ~5-fold compared with the wild-type hNEIL2, whereas the R103W enzyme is much less affected.

The P304T variant was also less proficient than the wild-type, or R103W hNEIL2, in the removal of damaged bases from single-stranded and bubble-containing DNA. Overall, hNEIL2 P304T could be worthy of a detailed epidemiological analysis as a possible cancer risk modifier.
СУПЕРСПИРАЛЬНАЯ ДНК ПОЛИТЕННЫХ ХРОМОСОМ CHIRONOMUS THUMMIМ. А. Шурдов, А. Д
We investigate the inelastic spin-flip rate for electrons in a quantum dot due to their contact hyperfine interaction with lattice nuclei. In contrast to other works, we obtain a spin-phonon coupling term from this interaction by taking directly into account the motion of nuclei in the vibrating lattice.

In the calculation of the transition rate the interference of first and second orders of perturbation theory turns out to be essential. It leads to a suppression of relaxation at long phonon wavelengths, when the confining potential moves together with the nuclei embedded in the lattice. At higher frequencies (or for a fixed confining potential), the zero-temperature rate is proportional to the frequency of the emitted phonon.

We address both the transition between Zeeman sublevels of a single electron ground state as well as the triplet-singlet transition, and we provide numerical estimates for realistic system parameters. The mechanism turns out to be less efficient than electron-nuclei spin relaxation involving piezoelectric electron-phonon coupling in a $\mathrm{GaAs}$ quantum dot.
We report inclusive and exclusive measurements for ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c1}$ and ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c2}$ production in $B$ decays.

The reported results use $772\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ events collected at the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider.

We observe a difference in the production mechanism of ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c2}$ in comparison to ${\ensuremath{\chi}}_{c1}$ in $B$ decays.
On the basis of researches on examination of gas hydrates previously made in Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics SB RAS

the new method was developed. That method is based on cyclic boiling-condensation process of gas-hydrating agent in enclosed volume.

This method compares favorably with previously developed ones by its simplicity. There is no need in constant gas supply and mixing device.
The ambiguity of the NLO BFKL kernels in consequence of the possibility to rearrange radiative corrections to scattering amplitudes between the impact factors and the Green functions

permits to write the kernels for the singlet and adjoint representations of the gauge group in the quasiconformal appearance, i.e. in the form where conformal invariance is violated only by running coupling

The differences between standard and quasi-conformal kernels in the momentum space are found
To study a role of personality and stress as a mediator between personality and depression in university first-year students.

Sixty-four students (76.6% female, mean age 18.7±1.02 years), including 30 first year- and 34 second-year students, were studied.

The first-year students experienced more stress and more frequently had depressive symptoms compared to second-year students. Neuroticism mainly contributed to depression in the first-year students and extroversion was a protective factor against all depressive symptoms, whereas extraversion and conscientiousness were significant unique predictors for depression in the second-year students. Neuroticism was strongly associated with somatic symptoms, while consciousness was linked to cognitive-affective symptoms. The role of stress as a mediator of the relationship between personality and depression was confirmed for consciousness in the first-year students; other personality traits and stress contributed directly to depressive symptoms.
Emerging evidence suggests that obesity impacts brain physiology at multiple levels. Here we aimed to clarify the relationship between obesity and brain structure using structural MRI ( n = 6420) and genetic data ( n = 3907) from the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) working group. Obesity (BMI > 30) was significantly associated with cortical and subcortical abnormalities in both mass-univariate and multivariate pattern recognition analyses independent of MDD diagnosis. The most pronounced effects were found for associations between obesity and lower temporo-frontal cortical thickness (maximum Cohen´s d (left fusiform gyrus) = −0.33). The observed regional distribution and effect size of cortical thickness reductions in obesity revealed considerable similarities with corresponding patterns of lower cortical thickness in previously published studies of neuropsychiatric disorders. A higher polygenic risk score for obesity significantly correlated with lower occipital surface area. In addition, a significant age-by-obesity interaction on cortical thickness emerged driven by lower thickness in older participants. Our findings suggest a neurobiological interaction between obesity and brain structure under physiological and pathological brain conditions.
We present a measurement of the branching fraction and time-dependent CP violation parameters in B0 --> a_1^+-(1260) pi^-+ decays. The results are obtained from the final data sample containing 772x10^6 BBbar pairs collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^+e^- collider.

We also measure an upper limit on the product branching fraction for a possible decay with the same final state B0 --> a_2^+-(1320) pi^-+. In a time-dependent measurement to extract CP asymmetries, we find evidence of mixing-induced CP violation in B0 --> a_1^+-(1260) pi^-+ decays with a 3.1 sigma significance and the rate where the a_1^+-(1260) does not contain the spectator quark is found to dominate the rate where it does at the 4.1 sigma level.

However, there is no evidence for either time and flavor integrated direct CP violation or flavor-dependent direct CP violation.
An analysis is made of the effect of a strong field on the shape of the amplification spectral line for mono-velocity V-type three-level atoms.

There are three strong-field contributions, differing in their dependence on the set of relaxation parameters of the medium and on the differences among the populations corresponding to the Raman transitions. An analysis is made of the conditions under which each of the contributions is predominant.

The change in the line shape by an intensified external field is found for each case. Neon atoms are discussed as an example. The results are compared with those corresponding to a Maxwellian velocity distribution.
We measure the time-dependent $CP$ violation parameters in ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}_{S}^{0}{K}_{S}^{0}{K}_{S}^{0}$ decays using $772\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}B\overline{B}$ pairs collected at the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. The obtained mixing-induced and direct $CP$ asymmetries are $\ensuremath{-}0.71\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.23\text{ }(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05\text{ }(\mathrm{syst})$ and $0.12\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.16\text{ }(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05\text{ }(\mathrm{syst})$, respectively. These values are consistent with the Standard Model predictions. The significance of $CP$ violation differs from zero by 2.5 standard deviations.
In the current report, the effect of bioactive compounds of the M2 macrophage secretome on transcription of hippocampal genes in mice with a depression-like condition caused by social stress has been investigated. Surgically resected hippocampus was used for mRNA isolation with following RNA sequencing procedures. Comparative analysis of transcriptomes from the control depressive mice treated with physiological saline solution and mice after intranasal administration of M2 macrophages-conditioned medium revealed that remission of the depressive-like state is associated with a significant up- and downregulation of a number of genes, which were found to participate in restoration/regulation of ATP/Adenosine balance. Among the events associated with positive changes in behavioral pattern of depressive mice, the switch of microglial environment from a pro-inflammatory phenotype to an anti-inflammatory one, and subsequent restoration of compromised cannabinoid and glutamatergic transmitter pathways has been predicted.
Ptbp1 usually considered a pluripotency sustaining agent in brain embryonic development, according to the previous studies.

We performed transcriptome analysis in the hippocampus 24 h after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. We observed glial-specific genes, comprised of two-thirds of all differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We found microglial DEGs that were the most numerous in LPS group. On the contrary, differential alternative splicing (DAS) analysis revealed the most numerous DAS events in astrocytes. Besides, we observed distinct major isoform switching in the Ptbp1 gene, with skipping of exon 8 in LPS group.

Analyzing the splicing tune-up upon LPS exposure, we came to a supposition that the short Ptbp1 isoform de-represses immune-specific response by Ptbp1 adjusted splicing architecture. Additionally, the Ptbp3 (NOD1) immune-specific splicing factor has apparently been de-repressed by the Ptbp1 short isoform in glial cells. Notably, both the Ptbp1 and Ptbp3 genes express primarily in microglial/endothelial brain cells. We also report immune-related genes, altering their major isoforms upon LPS exposure. The results revealed immune modulating role of alternative splicing in brain.
Collider searches for dark sectors, new particles interacting only feebly with ordinary matter, have largely focused on identifying signatures of new mediators, leaving much of dark sector structures unexplored. In particular, the existence of dark matter bound states (darkonia) remains to be investigated. This possibility could arise in a simple model in which a dark photon (A^{'}) is light enough to generate an attractive force between dark fermions. We report herein a search for a J^{PC}=1^{--} darkonium state, the ϒ_{D}, produced in the reaction e^{+}e^{-}→γϒ_{D}, ϒ_{D}→A^{'}A^{'}A^{'}, where the dark photons subsequently decay into pairs of leptons or pions, using 514 fb^{-1} of data collected with the BABAR detector. No significant signal is observed, and we set bounds on the γ-A^{'} kinetic mixing as a function of the dark sector coupling constant for 0.001
To date CYCB1;1 marker and cortex cell lengths have been conventionally used to determine the proliferation activity of the Arabidopsis root meristem.

By creating a 3D map of mitosis distribution we showed that these markers overlooked that stele and endodermis save their potency to divide longer than the cortex and epidermis. Cessation of cell divisions is not a random process, so that mitotic activity within the endodermis and stele shows a diarch pattern. Mitotic activity of all root tissues peaked at the same distance from the quiescent center (QC); however, different tissues stopped dividing at different distances, with cells of the protophloem exiting the cell cycle first and the procambial cells being the last. The robust profile of mitotic activity in the root tip defines the longitudinal zonation in the meristem with the proliferation domain, where all cells are able to divide; and the transition domain, where the cell files cease to divide. 3D analysis of cytokinin deficient and cytokinin signaling mutants showed that their proliferation domain is similar to that of the wild type, but the transition domain is much longer.

Our data suggest a strong inhibitory effect of cytokinin on anticlinal cell divisions in the stele.
A cross section of the process e+e−→π+π−π+π− has been measured using 6798±93 signal events from a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9.8 pb−1 collected with the CMD-3 detector in the center-of-mass energy range 920–1060 MeV.

The measured cross section exhibits a pattern of interference of the ϕ(1020)→π+π−π+π− decay with a non-resonant process e+e−→π+π−π+π−

from which we obtain the branching fraction of the doubly suppressed decays (by G-parity and OZI rule): B(ϕ→π+π−π+π−)=(6.5±2.7±1.6)×10−6.
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is established as a key regulator of the cellular DNA damage response and apoptosis. In addition, PARP1 participates in the global regulation of DNA repair, transcription, telomere maintenance, and inflammation response by modulating various DNA-protein and protein-protein interactions. Recently, it was reported that PARP1 also influences splicing and ribosomal RNA biogenesis. The H/ACA ribonucleoprotein complex is involved in a variety of cellular processes such as RNA maturation. It contains non-coding RNAs with specific H/ACA domains and four proteins: dyskerin (DKC1), GAR1, NHP2, and NOP10. Two of these proteins, DKC1 and GAR1, are targets of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation catalyzed by PARP1. The H/ACA RNA-binding proteins are involved in the regulation of maturation and activity of the telomerase complex, which maintains telomere length. In this study, we demonstrated that of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation influences on RNA-binding properties of DKC1 and GAR1 and telomerase assembly and activity. Our data provide the evidence that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation regulates telomerase complex assembly and activity, in turn regulating telomere length that may be useful for design and development of anticancer therapeutic approaches that are based on the inhibition of PARP1 and telomerase activities.
The spatial profile, as well as ion-velocity distribution of laser-produced plasmas can be controlled experimentally by varying the time-form of laser pulse.

A hydrodynamic numerical simulation shows that the shell generates due to special dynamics of ion ablation and geometry of experiment.

A compression of nearly all produced plasma into a thin monovelocity spherical shell has been observed for the first time.
We report on measurements of the decays of $\overline{B}$ mesons into the semileptonic final states $\overline{B} \to D^{(*)} \pi^+\pi^- \ell^-\overline{\nu}$, where $D^{(*)}$ represents a $D$ or $D^*$ meson and $\ell^-$ is an electron or a muon. These measurements are based on $471\times 10^6$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs recorded with the $BABAR$ detector at the SLAC asymmetric $B$ Factory PEP-II. We determine the branching fraction ratios $R^{(*)}_{\pi^+\pi^-} = \mathcal{B}(\overline{B} \to D^{(*)} \pi^+\pi^- \ell^- \overline{\nu})/\mathcal{B}(\overline{B} \to D^{(*)} \ell^-\overline{\nu})$ using events in which the second $B$ meson is fully reconstructed. We find $R_{\pi^+\pi^-} = 0.067 \pm 0.010 \pm 0.008$ and $R^*_{\pi^+\pi^-} = 0.019 \pm 0.005 \pm 0.004$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. Based on these results, we estimate that $\overline{B} \to D^{(*)}\pi\pi\ell^-\overline{\nu}$ decays, where $\pi$ denotes both a $\pi^\pm$ and $\pi^0$ meson, account for up to half the difference between the measured inclusive semileptonic branching fraction to charm hadrons and the corresponding sum of previously measured exclusive branching fractions.
Superionic solid electrolyte Ag 16 I 12 P 2 O 7 was prepared using solid state synthesis. The ionic conductivity of this compound was studied by the complex impedance spectroscopy method in a wide temperature range.

It is shown that Ag 16 I 12 P 2 O 7 is characterized by a high ionic conductivity at room temperature, comparable to the conductivity of liquid electrolytes.
A technique for calculating two-dimensional detonation flows in a system consisting of a reacting gas mixture and inert particles has been developed to analyze problems related to the suppression of cellular detonation. The results of numerical simulation of the interaction of a cellular detonation wave with a cloud of fixed isothermal particles are presented. The calculations were carried out for a two-dimensional inviscid model using the ANSYS Fluent software. The interaction with particles of diameter 100 μm with a volume concentration of 10−4 ÷ 10-2 was investigated. The volume concentrations leading to a change in the size of the detonation cell, attenuation of the detonation wave, and detonation failure were obtained.
Herein, we present the design and synthesis of a series of novel heterocyclic derivatives of (−)-borneol and (−)-isoborneol

as potent inhibitors of the influenza A virus
The electromagnetic calorimeter of the BELLE II detector for experiments at Super B-factory SuperKEKB is briefly described.

The project of the calorimeter upgrade to meet severe background conditions expected at the upgraded KEK B factory is presented.
Using the entire Belle data sample of 980 ${\rm fb}^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ collisions, we present the results of a study of excited $\Omega_c$ charmed baryons in the decay mode $\Xi_c^+K^-$. We show confirmation of four of the five narrow states reported by the LHCb Collaboration: the $\Omega_c(3000)$ , $\Omega_c(3050)$, $\Omega_c(3066)$, and $\Omega_c(3090)$.
It is well known that the high-energy scattering of a meson from some hadronic target can be described by the interaction of that target with a color dipole formed by two Wilson lines corresponding to the fast quark-antiquark pair. Moreover, the energy dependence of the scattering amplitude is governed by the evolution equation of this color dipole with respect to rapidity. Similarly, the energy dependence of scattering of a baryon can be described in terms of evolution of a three-Wilson-line operator with respect to the rapidity of the Wilson lines. We calculated the evolution of the 3-quark Wilson loop operator in the Next-to-Leading Order (NLO), and we presented a quasi-conformal evolution equation for a composite 3-Wilson-line operator. Futhermore, we obtained the linearized version of that evolution equation describing the amplitude of the odderon exchange at high energies.