Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
This paper deals with the formation of host‐guest systems between cyclodextrins and the closo ‐decahydrodecaborate cluster.

The inclusion processes, although involving weak interaction, were evidenced in solution by ESI‐MS and various NMR techniques. ITC measurements provided thermodynamic parameters, and DFT calculations gave some elements that help in understanding these processes.
The increase in the indium mole fraction in the quantum well of pHEMT heterostructures with donor-acceptor doping causes an increase in the 2DEG concentration from 2.2· 1012 cm-2 to 3.9· 1012 cm-2 and a decrease in mobility from 7900 cm2V-1s-1 to 7500 cm2V-1s-1 at room temperature.

The temperature dependencies of 2DEG mobility show that the deformation potential scattering grows at increment of indium mole fraction in quantum well.

Absolute values of the deformation potential are approximately two times smaller than the widely used values and increases with increasing of indium mole fraction.
The Khangay-Khentey belt is located in central Mongolia (Central Asian Orogenic Belt). The Uyanga ore knot district of the Khangay metallogenic zone are hosted by the lower-middle Devonian volcanogenic-sedimentary Erdenetsogt formation. The new Burgetei, Ult and Senjit gold occurrences were studied. The rocks of the Erdenetsogt formation have an irregular gold content: 0.96 g/t Au is determined in quartz vein (BG-7/16), Au content is highest up to 3.5 g/t in the quartzite-jasper (Ult-7/16 and Ult-9/16) cut by quartz veins in the Ult occurrence. The Senjit occurrence represents Au-Hg-Sb epizonal level of orogenic gold deposits structure with highest Hgand Sb content up to 8.5 ppm and 39 ppm respectively. The Au content of arsenic pyrite of the Burgetei and Ult is below the detection limit by electron microprobe analysis. The Au content of arsenopyrite of the Ult occurrence is highest (up to 238 ppm). The ore-mineral assemblages in the new gold occurrences reflect the differences between three explored sites, formed in the course of fluid evolution during the water-rock interaction. Variable concentrations of indicative elements (As, Te, Sb, Hg) and their ratios confirm this fact.
Different types of engineered cardiac constructs are being developed nowadays by many research groups. However, the immunological properties of such artificial tissues are not yet clearly understood. Previously, we have studied microfiber scaffolds carrying iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.

In this work, we evaluated the ability of these tissue-engineered constructs to activate the expression of CD28 and CTLA-4 proteins in T-lymphocytes which are early markers of the immune response. For this purpose electrospun PLA nanofibrous scaffolds were seeded with human iPSCs-CM and cultivated for 2 weeks. After, allogeneic mononuclear cells were co-cultured during 48 hours with 3 groups of samples that were tissue-engineered constructs, pure culture of cardiomyocytes and bare scaffolds followed by analysis of CD28/CTLA-4 expression on T-lymphocytes via flow cytometry.

PLA scaffolds and concanavalin A (positive control) stimulation statistically significantly increased CD28 expression on CD4+ cells (up to 61.3% and 66.3%) and on CD8+ cells (up to 17.8% and 21.7%). CD28/CTLA-4 expression didn't increase during co-cultivation of T-lymphocytes with cardiac engineered constructs and iPSC-CM monolayers. Thus, iPSCs-CM in monolayers and on PLA nanofibrous scaffolds didn't cause T-cell activation, which allows us to expect that such cardiac constructs are not a cause of rejection after implantation.
We introduce a new model of spatial random multiple access systems with a non-standard departure policy: all arriving messages are distributed uniformly on a finite sphere in the space, and when a successful transmission of a single message occurs, the transmitted message leaves the system together with all its neighbours within a ball of a given radius centred at the message's location.

We consider three classes of protocols: centralised protocols and decentralised protocols with either ternary or binary feedback; and analyse their stability.

Further, we discuss some asymptotic properties of stable protocols.
We use the following rule of composition of automorphisms: if φ, ψ ∈ Aut(F2) and x ∈ F2 then φψ(x) = ψ(φ(x)). For x ∈ F2 denote by St(x) the stabilizer of x in Aut(F2). For a subset X of a group denote by 〈X〉 the subgroup generated by X. Denote [x, y] = x−1y−1xy, x = y−1xy. For g ∈ F2 denote by ĝ the automorphism induced by the conjugation by g: ĝ(x) = g−1xg, x ∈ F2. Let − : Aut(F2) → GL2(Z) be the homomorphism induced by the abelianization of F2. It is known that the group of inner automorphisms Inn(F2) is the kernel of this homomorphism and that
A single-color pump-probe system has been commissioned at the Novosibirsk free electron laser. The laser emits a tunable monochromatic terahertz radiation.

To prove the proper system operation, we investigated the time-resolved absorption of a sample of n-type germanium doped with antimony, which was previously investigated at the FELBE facility, in the temperature range from 5 to 40 K.

The measured relaxation time amounted to about 1.7 ns, which agreed with the results obtained at the FELBE. The results of pump-probe measurements of non-equilibrium dynamics of hot electrons in the germanium crystal at cryogenic temperatures are presented for wavelengths of 105, 141 and 150 μm.
A new normal-conducting, CW, thermocathode RF gun has been developed and tested recently at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics.

Simulation of beam dynamics in the RF gun and its beamline was performed, the space-charge forces taken into account.

Providing an average current of up to 100 mA, this device will be used to upgrade the injector of the Novosibirsk FEL facility. Comparison of the simulation results and experimental measurements is presented in this paper.
Helicobacter pylori causes a wide range of human diseases including cancer. Carcinogenic foodborne trematodes Opisthorchis viverrini, Clonorchis sinensis, and O. felineus might promote transmission and spread of H. pylori infection in the definitive mammalian host, which in turn might contribute to the liver fluke-associated malignancy.

Our objectives were to find out whether liver flukes O. felineus, O. viverrini, and C. sinensis are carriers of Helicobacter pylori and to determine whether H. pylori is present in feces, bile, and stomach samples from the experimentally infected hamsters.

We found that liver flukes are not reservoirs of H. pylori. Nevertheless, the prevalence of H. pylori and the H. pylori ureA gene copy number were significantly elevated after the infection. Overall, although the liver flukes O. felineus, C. sinensis, and O. viverrini are not reservoirs of H. pylori, the infection with the liver flukes significantly modifies the biliary and gut microbiota by increasing H. pylori abundance. This may be a feature of any liver fluke pathogenesis that have not previously been taken into account. Our findings appear to be novel in terms of comparative assessment of the host microbiota and Helicobacter abundance during epidemiologically important liver fluke infections.
Let [Formula: see text], respectively [Formula: see text] denote the virtual, respectively welded, braid group on [Formula: see text]-strands. We study their commutator subgroups [Formula: see text] and, [Formula: see text], respectively. We obtain a set of generators and defining relations for these commutator subgroups. In particular, we prove that [Formula: see text] is finitely generated if and only if [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] is finitely generated for [Formula: see text]. Also, we prove that [Formula: see text] and for [Formula: see text] the commutator subgroups [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are perfect, i.e. the commutator subgroup is equal to the second commutator subgroup.
The article describes the legal and technical tools used to change the types of permitted use and categories of agricultural land. The article is written on the materials of the Novosibirsk region.

The authors analyze the positive and negative trends associated with these processes.

The conclusion is drawn on the need for a technical justification for such changes in priority over legal.
We have carried out a tomographic inversion for seismic velocity in the vicinity of Uturuncu volcano (Bolivia) based on a 33-station temporary seismic network deployment. We combine travel times from earthquakes in the shallow crust with those from earthquakes on the subducting Nazca plate to broadly constrain velocities throughout the crust using the LOTOS tomography algorithm. The reliability and resolution of the tomography is verified using a series of tests on real and synthetic data.

The resulting three-dimensional distributions of Vp, Vs, and Vp/Vs reveal a large tooth-shaped anomaly rooted in the deep crust and stopping abruptly 6 km below the surface. This feature exhibits very high values of Vp/Vs (up to 2.0) extending to ∼80 km depth. To explain the relationship of this anomaly with the surface uplift observed in interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data, we propose two scenarios. In the first, the feature is a pathway for liquid volatiles that convert to gas, due to decompression, at ∼6 km depth, causing a volume increase. This expansion drives seismicity in the overlying crust. In the second model, this anomaly is a buoyant pulse of magma within the batholith, ascending due to gravitational instability. We propose a simplified numerical simulation to demonstrate how this second model generally supports many of the observations.

We conclude that both of these scenarios might be valid and complement each other for the Uturuncu case. Based on joint analysis of the tomography results and available geochemical and petrological information, we have constructed a model of the Uturuncu magma system that illustrates the main stages of phase transitions and melting.
We report a search for the charmless hadronic decay ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\eta}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ with a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $694\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ containing $753\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs. The data were collected by the Belle experiment running on the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4S)$ resonance at the KEKB ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider.

We measure a branching fraction $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\eta}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0})=(4.{1}_{\ensuremath{-}1.5\ensuremath{-}0.7}^{+1.7+0.5})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.

Our measurement gives an upper limit of $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\eta}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0})<6.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$ at 90% confidence level. The signal has a significance of 3.0 standard deviations and constitutes the first evidence for this decay mode.
One possible way to demonstrate both the efficiency and beam quality in a plasma wakefield accelerator is to prepare matched drive and accelerated beams by removing a central slice from a single high-quality electron bunch (parent beam). For parameters of the parent beam given, the question arises how to maximize the number and energy of accelerated particles and minimize their energy spread and emittance.

This question is addressed by numerical simulations.

The optimum shape of the beams, required plasma length, achievable energy gain, and energy spread are found as functions of the plasma density and parent beam characteristics. The required control accuracy of adjustable beam and plasma parameters is determined.
Анализ когерентных структур в осесимметричной и шевронной струях С. С. Абдуракипов, В. М. Дулин, М
SLAMF9 is a member of the signaling lymphocyte-activating molecule (SLAM) immunoreceptor family. The SLAM family receptors are expressed in a broad range of immune cells and play an important role in immunity. To date, SLAMF9 is the least studied member of this family. Its ligand, signaling properties, and cells on whose surface it is expressed are unknown.

We generated hybridoma clones 6E11 and 7G5 secreting monoclonal antibodies specific to human SLAMF9. BALB/c mice were immunized with Escherichia coli-expressed purified SLAMF9 protein; splenocytes from these mice were fused with mouse myeloma cell line NS-1. Based on isotyping of the MAbs, clone 6E11 was referred to the IgG1 subclass, while 7G5 to IgG2b. The specificity of these MAbs was assessed by ELISA, immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry. According to the results of epitope analysis, clone 6E11 reacts with the C2-like domain, whereas 7G5 is specific to the V-like domain of the SLAMF9 molecule.

The generated MAbs were demonstrated to be applicable in various immunochemical analyses. They may be useful tools in studies clarifying the expression and function of human SLAMF9.
In this paper we study scattering phase functions in water-drop clouds for various distributions of droplet size and various conditions of glory, rainbow and corona formation, and discuss the hypothesis proposed by A. N. Nevzorov that a considerable amount of water in cold clouds can exist in a specific phase state with the refractive index ≈ 1.8 (so called A-water). Polarization and angular distributions are studied by the Monte Carlo method for radiation reflected by cloud layers with drops of water or hypothetical A-water taking into account multiple scattering. Computational results make it possible to develop procedures for analysis of microphysical structure of clouds and confirmation or disproof of the existence of A-water.
The paper is devoted to the experimental study of the appearance of wave packets formed in the boundary layers in the regions preceding a sharp local change in the flow velocity inside the boundary layer (fronts of a longitudinal localized disturbance).

The influence of an increased degree of free-stream turbulence on the development of these disturbances is investigated.
Monovalent gallanediyl LGa {L=HC[C(Me)N(2,6‐ i Pr 2 C 6 H 3 )] 2 } reacts with SbX 3 to form the Ga‐substituted distibenes [(LGaX) 2 Sb 2 ] (X=NMeEt 1 , Cl 2 ).

Upon heating, 2 reacts to the bicyclo[1.1.0]butane analogue [(LGaCl) 2 (μ,η 1:1 ‐Sb 4 )] 3 containing a [Sb 4 ] 2− dianion. Moreover, 2 reacts with Li amides LiNR 2 in salt elimination reactions that form the corresponding amido‐substituted compounds 1 and [(LGaNMe 2 ) 2 Sb 2 ] 4 , whereas reactions of 4 and [(LGaNMe 2 ) 2 (μ,η 1:1 ‐Sb 4 )] 5 with two equivalents of GaCl 3 resulted in the formation of 2 and 3 , respectively.

1 , 2 and 3 were characterized by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single crystal X‐ray diffraction. In addition, their bonding situation was analyzed by quantum chemical calculations.
Non-compaction cardiomyopathy (NCM) is a rare heart disease characterized by a two-layered ventricular wall, comprising a thinner compact epicardial layer and an inner non-compacted layer. However, only structural and morphological data without a thorough clinical assessment does not determine the NCM (regardless of the diagnostic criterion used).

Aim . To study the NCM-related genes, phenotypic and genetic correlations, predictors of life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTA) and adverse clinical outcomes. Material and methods . Of 93 individuals with identified morphological criteria of NCM (median follow-up, 5 years), the study included 60 unrelated patients (38,5±13,8 years of age; men, 33 (55%); left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 42,1±12,9%) with clinical verification of NCM (>1 obligate phenotypic trait). Adverse cardiovascular events were taken as the composite end point: life-threatening VTA, death, heart transplantation.

Results . Pathogenic (or probably pathogenic) mutations were detected in 33 (55%) patients with NCM. The most common variants (57,9%) were identified in the sarcomere protein genes (TTN, MYBPC3, MYH7); digenic mutations were found in 21,6% of patients. Digenic mutations were associated with low LVEF and the highest risk of systolic dysfunction (OR, 38; 95% CI, 4,74-305; p=0,0001). Multivariate regression provided a predictive model (R=0,90; R2=0,81; F (5,41) =34,8; p<0,0001) and independent predictors of adverse clinical outcomes of NCM (genetic cause of the disease (pathogenic mutation), LV systolic dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis in 2 or more ventricular segments, and QRS prolongation. Regression and ROC-analysis identified electrical predictors of life-threatening VTA (fragmented QRS, QT prolongation, spatial QRS-T angle increase) and morphofunctional markers (myocardial fibrosis, systolic dysfunction). Conclusion . The study revealed a significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity of NCM with predominant mutations in the sarcomeric protein genes and determined the criteria for identification and prognosis of NCM.
A panel of cytokines and growth factors, mediating low-grade inflammation and fibrosis, was assessed in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and different patterns of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patients with long-term T2D (N = 130) were classified into four groups: no signs of CKD; estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 without albuminuria; albuminuria and eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2; albuminuria and eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Thirty healthy subjects were acted as control. Twenty-seven cytokines and growth factors were assessed in serum by multiplex bead array assay. Serum hs-CRP, urinary nephrin, podocine, and WFDC2 were measured by ELISA. Patients with T2D showed elevated IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-17A, G-CSF, IP-10, MIP-1α, and bFGF levels; concentrations of IL-4, IL-12, IL-15, INF-γ, and VEGF were decreased. IL-6, IL-17A, G-CSF, MIP-1α, and bFGF correlated negatively with eGFR; IL-10 and VEGF demonstrated negative associations with WFDC2; no relationships with podocyte markers were found. Adjusted IL-17A and MIP-1α were predictors of non-albuminuric CKD, IL-13 predicted albuminuria with preserved renal function, meanwhile, IL-6 and hsCRP were predictors of albuminuria with eGFR decline. Therefore, albuminuric and non-albuminuric CKD in T2D patients are associated with different pro-inflammatory shifts in the panel of circulating cytokines.
Cyanuric triazide reacts with several transition metal precursors, extruding one equivalent of N2 and reducing the putative diazidotriazeneylnitrene species by two electrons, which rearranges to N-(1'H-[1,5'-bitetrazol]-5-yl)methanediiminate (biTzI2-) dianionic ligand, which ligates the metal and dimerizes, and is isolated from pyridine as [M(biTzI)]2Py6 (M = Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni). Reagent scope, product analysis, and quantum chemical calculations were combined to elucidate the mechanism of formation as a two-electron reduction preceding ligand rearrangement.
Increasing attention has been paid to two-dimensional (2D) materials because of their superior performance and wafer-level synthesis methods. However, the large-area characterization, precision, intelligent automation, and high-efficiency detection of nanostructures for 2D materials have not yet reached an industrial level.

Therefore, we use big data analysis and deep learning methods to develop a set of visible-light hyperspectral imaging technologies successfully for the automatic identification of few-layers MoS2. For the classification algorithm, we propose deep neural network, one-dimensional (1D) convolutional neural network, and three-dimensional (3D) convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) models to explore the correlation between the accuracy of model recognition and the optical characteristics of few-layers MoS2.

The experimental results show that the 3D-CNN has better generalization capability than other classification models, and this model is applicable to the feature input of the spatial and spectral domains. Such a difference consists in previous versions of the present study without specific substrate, and images of different dynamic ranges on a section of the sample may be administered via the automatic shutter aperture. Therefore, adjusting the imaging quality under the same color contrast conditions is unnecessary, and the process of the conventional image is not used to achieve the maximum field of view recognition range of ~1.92 mm2. The image resolution can reach ~100 nm and the detection time is 3 min per one image.
Coherent polarization transfer effects in a coupled spin network have been studied over a wide field range.

The transfer mechanism is based on exciting zero-quantum coherences between the nuclear spin states by means of non-adiabatic field jump from high to low magnetic field. Subsequent evolution of these coherences enables conversion of spin order in the system, which is monitored after field jump back to high field. Such processes are most efficient when the spin system passes through an avoided level crossing during the field variation. The polarization transfer effects have been demonstrated for N-acetyl histidine, which has five scalar coupled protons; the initial spin order has been prepared by applying RF-pulses at high magnetic field.

The observed oscillatory transfer kinetics is taken as a clear indication of a coherent mechanism; level crossing effects have also been demonstrated. The experimental data are in very good agreement with the theoretical model of coherent polarization transfer. The method suggested is also valid for other types of initial polarization in the spin system, most notably, for spin hyperpolarization.
As a gendered perspective has emerged in wider society over the past 50 or so years, a greater interest in gender- and age-related research in science has similarly occurred, including for the study of the past (archaeology) and the present (ethnology). Here, I focus on the Mal'ta collection - a well-known Ice Age site located in Siberia. In particular, I focus on several mammoth ivory anthropomorphic sculptures which appear to reflect stages of human childhood, including infancy and the teenage years. These sculptures feature realistic elements, including proportions of each phase of childhood consistent with anthropometric data, details of clothing and accessories, and special benchmarks of puberty. Based on these figurines, I propose a developmental framework of the Paleolithic child from this society. Additionally, I discuss the burial of two children also found at Mal'ta, which provides additional insights into childhood within this Ice Age society. Particular attention is given to artefacts such as the 'hanging birds' and animal figurines with a flat base for standing. These artefacts could be interpreted as toys, as amulets for a child's cradle or as family heirlooms, with analogies to such objects preserved in the cultures of the aboriginal population of Siberia and the Far North.