Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
A sol-gel technique was applied to prepare the two-component oxide system Cu-Mg-O, where MgO plays the role of oxide matrix, and CuO is an active chemical looping component.

The prepared samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The reduction behavior of the Cu-Mg-O system was examined in nine consecutive reduction/oxidation cycles.

The presence of the MgO matrix was shown to affect the ability of CuO towards reduction and re-oxidation significantly. During the first reduction/oxidation cycle, the main characteristics of the oxide system (particle size, crystallization degree, etc.) undergo noticeable changes. Starting from the third cycle, the system exhibits a stable operation, providing the uptake of similar hydrogen amounts within the same temperature range. Based on the obtained results, the two-component Cu-Mg-O system can be considered as a prospective chemical looping agent.
Cajal bodies, nucleoli and snurposomes are abundant in Xenopus oocyte nuclei.

We imaged the interiors of relatively intact Xenopus oocyte nuclei by field emission scanning electron microscopy (feSEM) and visualized a network of filaments that attach to nuclear pore complexes and extend throughout the nucleus. Immuno-gold labeling of untreated oocyte nuclei showed that actin and protein 4.1 each localized on PLFs. The PLF network collapsed upon treatment with latrunculin A, which depolymerizes actin filaments. Jasplakinolide, which stabilizes actin filaments, produced PLFs with more open substructure.

We suggest that protein 4.1 and actin contribute to the structure of a network of heterogeneous filaments that link nuclear pore complexes to subnuclear organelles, and discuss possible functions for PLFs in nuclear assembly and intranuclear traffic. Most PLFs were independent of chromatin. PLFs located inside the nucleus merged, bundled and forked, suggesting architectural adaptability.
The paper presents an experimental study of evaporation of a millimeter-sized sessile water droplet into open atmosphere in a wide range of the temperature difference (from 0 to 76 K) between the solid substrate and the atmosphere. Two copper substrates were used in the experiments. One of them was polished to the root mean square roughness of about 20 nm. Another one was coated with a micrometer-thick film of single-walled carbon nanotubes. With the help of precise drop shape analysis system, the mode of droplet evaporation with pinned contact line was studied. No appreciable difference was detected in evaporation droplet dynamics between the two substrates for the substrate temperatures from 24 to 100 °C.
The large statistics collected during the operation of a ZnMoO4 array, for a total exposure of 1.3 kg day of 100Mo, allowed the first bolometric observation of the two neutrino double beta decay of 100Mo. The observed spectrum of each crystal was reconstructed taking into account the different background contributions due to environmental radioactivity and internal contamination. The analysis of coincidences between the crystals allowed the assignment of constraints to the intensity of the different background sources, resulting in a reconstruction of the measured spectrum down to an energy of ∼300 keV. The half-life extracted from the data is T = [7.15 ± 0.37 (stat) ± 0.66 (syst)] × 1018 y.
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein ( MOG ) is an antigen of the myelin sheath, which may trigger immune cell responses and the production of auto‐antibodies in multiple sclerosis ( MS ).

In this study, we used MOG 35‐55 ‐induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( EAE ), a model of human MS , to assess the production of catalytically active immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies or abzymes which have been shown to be present in sera of patients with several autoimmune diseases. Here, we show that IgGs from the sera of control C57 BL /6 mice are catalytically inactive. During development of EAE , a specific reorganization of the immune system of mice occurred leading to a condition which was associated with the generation of catalytically active IgGs hydrolysing DNA , myelin basic protein ( MBP ) and MOG which was associated with increased proteinuria, changes in differentiation of mice bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells ( HSC s) and an increase in proliferation of lymphocytes in bone marrow, spleen and thymus as well as a significant suppression of cell apoptosis in these organs. The strongest alterations were found in the early disease phase (18–24 days after immunization) and were less pronounced in later EAE stages (40 days after EAE induction).

We conclude that a significant increase in DN ase and proteolytic activities of antibodies may be considered the earliest statistically significant marker of MOG ‐induced EAE in mice. The possible differences in immune system reorganizations during preclinical phases of the disease, acute and late EAE , leading to production of different auto‐antibodies and abzymes as well other changes are discussed.
GaAs thermal smoothing at temperatures T ≤ 650°C in the conditions close to equilibrium yields surfaces with atomically smooth terraces separated by steps of monatomic height. At higher temperatures T ≥ 700°C, surface smoothing is changed to roughening.

In the present paper, possible reasons of surface roughening at elevated temperatures are studied by means of Monte Carlo simulation and compared with the experimental results on GaAs.

It is proved that the thermodynamic roughening transition, which consists in spontaneous generation of atomic steps due to decrease in the step line tension down to zero, cannot explain the experiment because it should occur at temperatures T ∼ 1800 - 2000°C, i.e. much higher than in the experiment. Kinetic instabilities caused by deviations from equilibrium towards growth or sublimation are shown to cause GaAs roughening at elevated temperatures. The microscopic mechanisms of kinetic-driven roughening are discussed.
Narrow-gap semiconductors with strong spin-orbit coupling such as bismuth tellurohalides have become popular candidates for spintronic applications. But driving spin-polarized photocurrents in these materials with circularly polarized light requires picosecond lifetimes of the photoexcited carriers and low spin-flip scattering rates.

In search of these essential ingredients, we conducted an extensive study of the carrier dynamics on the Te-terminated surface of BiTeI, which exhibits a giant Rashba splitting of both surface and bulk states. We observe a complex interplay of surface and bulk dynamics after photoexcitation. Carriers are rapidly rearranged in momentum space by quasielastic phonon and defect scattering, while a phonon bottleneck leads to a slow equilibration between bulk electrons and lattice.

The particular band dispersion opens an inelastic decay channel for hot carriers in the form of plasmon excitations, which are immanent to Rashba-split systems. These ultrafast scattering processes effectively redistribute excited carriers in momentum and energy space and thereby inhibit spin-polarized photocurrents.
The partition of graphs into “nice” subgraphs is a central algorithmic problem with strong ties to matching theory. We study the partitioning of undirected graphs into same‐size stars, a problem known to be NP‐complete even for the case of stars on three vertices. We perform a thorough computational complexity study of the problem on subclasses of perfect graphs and identify several polynomial‐time solvable cases, for example, on interval graphs and bipartite permutation graphs, and also NP‐complete cases, for example, on grid graphs and chordal graphs.
Current studies on bread wheat resistance to stem rust have two main subjects: complex analysis for resistance of bread wheat germplasm using molecular markers, field screening and laboratory tests against samples of different fungal populations, and searching for sources and donors of new genes and gene loci, including cultivated and wild relatives of wheat.

The analysis of experimental data on field screening of bread wheat varieties from the CIMMYT nursery germplasm for stem rust resistance in the Omsk and Novosibirsk regions, together with laboratory testing of infection samples on the international set of wheat differential lines, suggests that a separate 'Asian' population of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici exists in Western Siberia and the Altai Territory. The basic requirements for conducting a phytopathological test of breeding material are presented. A list of molecular markers for the mentioned resistance genes, both widely used in marker-assisted selection and requiring verification, has been compiled.

Wheat resistance genes Sr2, Sr6Ai#2, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr31, Sr39, Sr40, Sr44, and Sr57 are of practical interest for advanced wheat breeding programs for stem rust immunity in Western Siberia. This review provides an analysis of the gene sources that remain effective against the West Siberian population of P. graminis, in order to facilitate the initial stage of selection of breeding material to develop a stable genotype by gene pyramiding.
UTILIZATION OF TREC AND KREC QUANTIFICATION FOR IMMUNE DEFICIENCIES RESEARCH IN MOLDOVA
ВВЕДЕНИЕ БАКТЕРИОФАГА MU В AZOTOBACTER CHROOCOCCUM И МЕЖРОДОВОЙ ПЕРЕНОС ГЕНОВ

ОБУСЛОВЛЕННЫЙ ПЛАЗМИДОЙ RP4

А. С. Расчинкина, Н. А. Троицкий, Л
In this study, the active and stable cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) of the thermostable esterase estUT1 of the bacterium Ureibacillus thermosphaericus were prepared for application in malathion removal from municipal wastewater. Co-expression of esterase with an E. coli chaperone team (KJE, ClpB, and ELS) increased the activity of the soluble enzyme fraction up to 200.7 ± 15.5 U mg−1.

Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the preparation of the CLEA-estUT1 biocatalyst to maximize its activity and minimize enzyme loss. CLEA-estUT1 with the highest activity of 29.4 ± 0.5 U mg−1 (90.6 ± 2.7% of the recovered activity) was prepared with 65.1% (w/v) ammonium sulfate, 120.6 mM glutaraldehyde, and 0.2 mM bovine serum albumin at 5.1 h of cross-linking. The biocatalyst has maximal activity at 80 °С and pH 8.0. Analysis of the properties of CLEA-estUT1 and free enzyme at 50–80 °C and pH 5.0–10.0 showed higher stability of the biocatalyst.

CLEA-estUT1 showed marked tolerance against a number of chemicals and high operational stability and activity in the reaction of malathion hydrolysis in wastewater (up to 99.5 ± 1.4%). After 25 cycles of malathion hydrolysis at 37 °С, it retained 55.2 ± 1.1% of the initial activity. The high stability and reusability of CLEA-estUT1 make it applicable for the degradation of insecticides.
The study of physical processes dominating in submerged turbulent jets impinging on a wall is an important task because this configuration is utilized in various applications. The efficiency of heat transfer in this configuration has been a subject of a long-term study. Active flow control technique and the optimization of the control signal can be applied to exploit inherent flow properties to further improve the heat transfer from the wall in impingent jets. In this paper, IR-thermography and time-resolved PIV measurements are used for the diagnostics of wall temperature fields and large-scale vortex dynamics under external flow rate forcing control. It is found that the low-frequency forcing (for the Strouhal number St = 0.6) increases integral temperature on the wall as compared to the unforced case and the high-frequency forcing (St = 0.9).
The KEDR experiment, which started in 2002, is dedicated to a study of c- and b-quarks and the two-photon physics at the e+ e− collider VEPP-4M in the Budker INP.

To analyze the 2γ data and estimate contribution of two-photon background events in the 1 data samples, the event generators e+ e− → e+ e− + hadrons, e+ e− → e+ e− + π+ π−, and e+ e− → e+ e− + PS (PS – pseudoscalar meson) have been developed.
The study was devoted to the study of the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (hyper-Chol) and hypercholesterolemia of low density lipoproteins (hyper-LDL-C) against the background of abdominal obesity (AO) in a population aged 25–44 years in Novosibirsk.

Material and methods . A crosssectional survey of the population aged 25–44 years in Novosibirsk (Russia) was carried out. 1415 people were examined, including 670 men (47.3 %) and 745 women (52.7 %), pregnant women or being on maternity leave were not included in the study). All subjects were assessed for the presence of AO, hyper-Chol and hyper-LDL-C. Results . Individuals with AO had higher average values of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. The prevalence of hyper-Chol in individuals with AO was 1.3 times higher and hyper-LDL-C – 1.2 times higher than in individuals without AO. In women with AO, the prevalence of hyper-Chol was 1.2 times higher and hyper-LDL-C – 1.3 times higher than in women without AO. In men with AO, the prevalence of hyper-Chol was 1.4 times higher and hyper-LDL-C – 1.2 times higher than in men without AO. When conducting logistic regression analysis, it was found that in a young population under 45 years of age, abdominal obesity was significantly associated with the presence of atherogenic hypercholesterolemia in both sexes. In men, significant associations of AO with both hyper-Chol and hyper-LDL-C were noted, in women – only with hyper-LDL-C.

Conclusions . A population study of young people (25–44 years old) revealed associations of atherogenic hypercholesterolemia with abdominal obesity.
We experimentally demonstrate the generation of soliton-like pulses with 195–230 fs duration and energy up to 20 nJ in the spectral region of 1.9–2.5 µ m directly from the Tm-doped all-fiber MOPA laser. The emerged Raman solitons generated directly in the fiber amplifier exhibit unusual dynamics and spectral properties forming a supercontinuum without conventional gaps between Stokes pulses. Namely, at the output powers above 2 W, in addition to conventional soliton spectral peaks beyond 2.3 μ m, we observe high spectral density over an extended range of 1.95–2.23 μ m corresponding to a coherent structure that to the best of our knowledge differs from any previously observed supercontinuum regimes. The average optical power of the fiber laser is at the 3-W level, whereas the estimated peak power reached the 80-kW level. Such a relatively simple laser system with high spectral density is a promising light source for various applications ranging from advanced comb spectroscopy to ultra-fast photonics.
We apply the BLM scale setting procedure directly to amplitudes (cross sections) of several semihard processes. It is shown that, due to the presence of β0-terms in the NLA results for the impact factors, the obtained optimal renormalization scale is not universal, but depends both on the energy and on the process in question. We illustrate this general conclusion considering the following semihard processes: (i) inclusive production of two forward high-pT jets separated by large interval in rapidity (Mueller-Navelet jets); (ii) high-energy behavior of the total cross section for highly virtual photons; (iii) forward amplitude of the production of two light vector mesons in the collision of two virtual photons.
Heat pipes are a good solution for temperature stabilization, for example, of microelectronics, because these kinds of systems are without any moving parts. Experimental research of the effect of operating parameters on the heat transfer in a cylindrical heat pipe has been conducted. The effect of the working fluid properties and the porous layer thickness on the heat flux and temperature difference in the heat pipe has been investigated. The temperature field of the heat pipe has been investigated using the IR-camera and K-type thermocouples. The data obtained by IR-camera and K-type thermocouples have been compared. It is demonstrated the power transferred from the evaporator to the condenser is a linear function of the temperature difference between them.
Using bioinformatics analysis we selected microRNAs which could bind 3'-UTR-region of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes. Three microRNA miR-21, -221, -222, their potential targets might be mRNA for CYP1A1, and two microRNA miR-143, miR-152 for CYP2B1 accordingly were selected for experimental verification. Expression level of these microRNAs in rat liver upon benzo(a)pyrene (BP), phenobarbital (PB), and DDT induction was determined using RT-qPCR method. In rats treated by both BP, and DDT the hepatic content of miR-21, -221, -222 significantly demonstrated a 2-3-fold decrease. The decrease in miR expression was accompanied by a considerable (5.5-8.7-fold) increase in the CYP1A1-mediated EROD activity. The expression of miR-143 remained unchanged after the PB treatment, while the expression of miR-152 increased by 2 times, however, the (10.5-fold) increase in PROD activity of CYP2B was much higher. In the DDT-treated liver PROD activity increased by 20 times, the expression of miR-152 didn't change, and the expression of miR-143 increased by 2 times. The bioinformatics analysis of interactions between microRNAs and targets showed that the studied miRs can potentially bind 3'-end of AhR, ESR1, GR, CCND1, PTEN mRNA. Thus, the expression profile of miR-21, -221, -222, -143, -152 might change under the xenobiotics exposure. In silico analysis confirmed, that microRNAs target not only cytochrome P450 mRNA but also other genes, including those involved in hormonal carcinogenesis, they also can be regulated with studied miRs
The diffusion and sizes of surfactant molecules have been preliminary studied.

This work is devoted to the experimental study of the diffusion of single-walled carbon nanotubes in liquids. The mass concentration of nanotubes varied from 0.00001 to 0.15. As the base fluid, water is used with the addition of two different surfactants: polyvinylpyrroli-done and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. The concentration of surfactant is two times the concentration of nanotubes. The measurements are performed using the dynamic light scattering method.

The diffusion coefficient of carbon nanotubes are investigated. Using these data the size distributions of nanotubes are obtained. The dependence of diffusion coefficients on the concentration of carbon nanotubes is examined.
The objects of the study were 14 samples of potatoes, 10 of them were modern domestic varieties not zoned in the West Siberian region. An assessment of the quality indicators of potato varieties was carried out in comparison with the following zoned varieties: Red Scarlett, Nevsky and Tuleevsky.

The results of the study of promising potato varieties in Novosibirsk region (2016-2018) are presented.

To obtain an early harvest (75 days after planting), the varieties Lomonosovsky (36 t/ha) and Reggi (39 t/ha) were recommended for the early ripening group. In the group of mid-early varieties, the variety Samba (35 t/ha) was noted; in the mid-season group, the varieties Fritella and Vympel were distinguished (early yield 32 t/ha). High productivity during harvesting in the early ripening group was noted in the varieties Lomonosovsky (42 t/ha) and Reggi (44 t/ha). The Samba variety (44 t/ha) stood out in the mid-early ripeness group. In the mid-season ripening group, the recommended variety is Gusar (46 t/ha), which exceeded the Tuleevsky standard by 4 t/ ha. Among the varieties of the early group of ripeness, high starch content was noted in the varieties Lomonosovsky (16.3%) and Reggae (17.4%). In the mid-early and mid-season groups, one variety was distinguished in each, Samba (14.4%) and Fritella (17.0%). In the early ripening group, the dry matter content of all varieties was higher than that of the Red Scarlett standard, in the mid-early group the highest indicator was observed in the Samba variety (22.9%). In the group of mid-season varieties, the samples Vympel (25.4%) and Fritella (25.8%) exceeded the standard. High field resistance to late blight (9 points) in the epiphytotic year (2017) was revealed in the varieties Gala, Nevsky, Gusar and Fritella.
How and when the Americas were populated remains contentious.

Using ancient and modern genome-wide data, we found that the ancestors of all present-day Native Americans, including Athabascans and Amerindians, entered the Americas as a single migration wave from Siberia no earlier than 23 thousand years ago (ka) and after no more than an 8000-year isolation period in Beringia.

After their arrival to the Americas, ancestral Native Americans diversified into two basal genetic branches around 13 ka, one that is now dispersed across North and South America and the other restricted to North America. Subsequent gene flow resulted in some Native Americans sharing ancestry with present-day East Asians (including Siberians) and, more distantly, Australo-Melanesians. Putative 'Paleoamerican' relict populations, including the historical Mexican Pericues and South American Fuego-Patagonians, are not directly related to modern Australo-Melanesians as suggested by the Paleoamerican Model.
Protein synthesis is not a straight forward process and one gene locus can produce many isoforms, for example, by starting mRNA translation from alternative start sites.

altORF evaluator (altORFev) predicts alternative open reading frames within eukaryotic mRNA translated by a linear scanning mechanism and its modifications (leaky scanning and reinitiation). The program reveals the efficiently translated altORFs recognized by the majority of 40S ribosomal subunits landing on the 5'-end of an mRNA. altORFev is available at http://www.bionet.nsc.ru/AUGWeb/ and has been developed in Java 1.8 using the BioJava library; and the Vaadin framework to produce the web service.

This information aids to reveal the functions of eukaryotic genes connected to synthesis of either unknown isoforms of annotated proteins or new unrelated polypeptides.
The article considers methods used for breeding and selection of mini-pigs in the ICG, SB RAS, the theoretical justifcation of these methods and the purposes for which they are used.

We showed the genealogical structure of the herd and the contribution of inbreeding to the genetic similarity of modern representatives of genealogical lines and families with the founders of the breeding group. We characterized the phenotypic diversity of the ICG mini-pigs in colours, weight categories, types of growth and features of constitution. We listed measures supporting genetic diversity in the herd of the ICG mini-pigs. We explained the possibility of using similarity indices calculated by using portions of the ancestors’ blood (genome) for the selection of parental pairs and the evaluation of genetic consolidation of the herd.

We showed that the average index of similarity between males and females, calculated by using portions of the ancestors’ blood, in the ICG minipigs is close to the limit value. It turned out that eﬀective evaluation of the genetic potential of mini-pigs in growth rate and fnal size of individuals is only possible under the condition of a rich and full feeding of young animals. The time scale of estimation of growth of live weight of the ICG mini-pigs for three weight categories allocated in the selection group is presented. The types of growth and development of mini-pigs observed in the ICG breeding group and the type inherent to individuals in the small weight category are considered. We justifed the minimum live weight of a newborn piglet in the herd of the ICG mini-pigs. Values of optimal multiple pregnancy for the three categories of ICG mini-pig sows were calculated.