Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
BioUML (https://www.biouml.org)—is a web-based integrated platform for systems biology and data analysis. It supports visual modelling and construction of hierarchical biological models that allow us to construct the most complex modular models of blood pressure regulation, skeletal muscle metabolism, COVID-19 epidemiology. BioUML has been integrated with git repositories where users can store their models and other data.

We have also expanded the capabilities of BioUML for data analysis and visualization of biomedical data: (i) any programs and Jupyter kernels can be plugged into the BioUML platform using Docker technology; (ii) BioUML is integrated with the Galaxy and Galaxy Tool Shed; (iii) BioUML provides two-way integration with R and Python (Jupyter notebooks): scripts can be executed on the BioUML web pages, and BioUML functions can be called from scripts; (iv) using plug-in architecture, specialized viewers and editors can be added. For example, powerful genome browsers as well as viewers for molecular 3D structure are integrated in this way; (v) BioUML supports data analyses using workflows (own format, Galaxy, CWL, BPMN, nextFlow).

Using these capabilities, we have initiated a new branch of the BioUML development—u-science—a universal scientific platform that can be configured for specific research requirements.
The history of the creation of sources of polarized particles is considered.A comparative analysis of the parameters of different sources of polarized particles used for production of polarized ions or for polarized gas targets is given.The reasons for limiting of the atomic beam intensity in such kind of sources are analyzed.The parameters of polarized gas targets obtained with the use of these sources are presented.Other sources of polarized particles are discussed.
The interaction of trolox with ammonia, alkylamines of different classes, and amino derivatives of heterocyclic compounds, including nitroxyl radicals and alkaloids, led to the production of ammonium salts called ion conjugates (ICs). Five ICs were characterised by X-ray diffraction. This is the first time a wide range of ICs were made from trolox with amines, and ESI-MS data demonstrated they have the potential to generate pseudomolecular [(A-B+) + H]+ ions. For all obtained trolox ICs, a significant increase (1-3 orders of magnitude) in water solubility was achieved while retaining high antioxidant activity. ICs synthesised from two biologically active fragments may be used to create polyfunctional agents with varying solubility and bioavailability.
Based on data of the Ministry of Education of China, publications from the Chinese Internet, original articles published in the world periodicals, the reasons elucidated why the number of students leaving China changed from 2001 to 2018; describes funding sources of educational travel.

Information on the contemporary preferences of Chinese students in selection of countries and study programs, aims and reasons of educational travel abroad is provided. The hard competition of the young persons after school on educational services market, expected job difficulties after graduation from national universities and influence of parents are pushing young Chinese people to consider studying abroad.

Over the past 10 years, the number of Chinese citizens studying in foreign universities rates more than doubled and reached to 662.1 thousand in 2018. The aim of such migration is not only acquiring advanced western knowledge or improving foreign language skills but also getting the so-called symbolic capital, which arises after graduation from the famous foreign universities. This capital will bring tangible employment benefits and future career privileges in the Chinese companies. Therefore, currently the largest number of Chinese young people seek to become students in English speaking countries, where the concentration of the best world universities included in the top-100 of international rankings is high. The modern professional preferences of Chinese students correspond to the development trends of the China’s national economy and science, and depend on the future employment and opportunity to receive the scholarships from the Government of China.
The review of using of compton backscattering method for determination of the beam energy in collider experiments is given.
The zebrafish is a promising model species in biomedical research, including neurotoxicology and neuroactive drug screening. 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) evokes degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and is commonly used to model Parkinson's disease (PD) in laboratory animals, including zebrafish.

However, cognitive phenotypes in MPTP-evoked experimental PD models remain poorly understood. Here, we established an LD
Two methods of mathematical formulation of heterogeneous media are proposed. An approach to averaging the conservation laws and the equations of state is described. A comparison with experiment is made.
Identifying, counting and measuring particles is an important component of many research studies. Images with particles are usually processed by hand using a software ruler. Automated processing, based on conventional image processing methods (edge detection, segmentation, etc.) are not universal, can only be used on good-quality images and need to set a number of parameters empirically. In this paper, we present results from the application of deep learning to automated recognition of metal nanoparticles deposited on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite on images obtained by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We used the Cascade Mask-RCNN neural network. Training was performed on a dataset containing 23 STM images with 5157 nanoparticles. Three images containing 695 nanoparticles were used for verification. As a result, the trained neural network recognized nanoparticles in the verification set with 0.93 precision and 0.78 recall. Predicted contour refining with 2D Gaussian function was a proposed option. The accuracies for mean particle size calculated from predicted contours compared with ground truth were in the range of 0.87–0.99. The results were compared with outcomes from other generally available software, based on conventional image processing methods. The advantages of deep learning methods for automatic particle recognition were clearly demonstrated. We developed a free open-access web service “ParticlesNN” based on the trained neural network, which can be used by any researcher in the world.
Skin burns and ulcers are considered hard-to-heal wounds due to their high infection risk. For this reason, designing new options for wound dressings is a growing need. The objective of this work is to investigate the properties of poly (ε-caprolactone)/poly (vinyl-pyrrolidone) (PCL/PVP) microfibers produced via electrospinning along with sorbents loaded with Argovit™ silver nanoparticles (Ag-Si/Al2O3) as constituent components for composite wound dressings. The physicochemical properties of the fibers and sorbents were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The mechanical properties of the fibers were also evaluated. The results of this work showed that the tested fibrous scaffolds have melting temperatures suitable for wound dressings design (58–60 °C). In addition, they demonstrated to be stable even after seven days in physiological solution, showing no macroscopic damage due to PVP release at the microscopic scale. Pelletized sorbents with the higher particle size demonstrated to have the best water uptake capabilities. Both, fibers and sorbents showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomona aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and the fungus Candida albicans. The best physicochemical properties were obtained with a scaffold produced with a PCL/PVP ratio of 85:15, this polymeric scaffold demonstrated the most antimicrobial activity without affecting the cell viability of human fibroblast. Pelletized Ag/Si-Al2O3-3 sorbent possessed the best water uptake capability and the higher antimicrobial activity, over time between all the sorbents tested. The combination of PCL/PVP 85:15 microfibers with the chosen Ag/Si-Al2O3-3 sorbent will be used in the following work for creation of wound dressings possessing exudate retention, biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity.
A report on the scientific journey to Gansu province of the PRC in July 2019 is presented. During the journey the authors had consultations with the Chinese rock art specialists, visited the Historical museum of Gansu province, the Museum of North-Western University and the Wujiachuan rock art site in Jingyuan county of Gansu province.

Brief descriptions of the rock art site and museum collections are given.
Pyroxenite and nepheline-pyroxene rocks coexist with dolomite-bearing calcite marbles in Tazheran Massif in the area of Lake Baikal, Siberia, Russia. Pyroxenites occur in a continuous elongate zone between marbles and beerbachites (metamorphosed gabbro dolerites) and in 5 cm to 20 m fragments among the marbles. Pyroxene in pyroxenite is rich in calcium and alumina (5–12 wt% Al2O3) and has a fassaite composition. The Tazheran pyroxenite may originate from a mafic subvolcanic source indicated by the presence of remnant dolerite found in one pyroxenite body.

This origin can be explained in terms of interaction between mafic and crust-derived carbonatitic melts, judging by the mineralogy of pyroxenite bodies and their geological relations with marbles. According to this model, the intrusion of mantle mafic melts into thick lower crust saturated with fluids caused partial melting of silicate-carbonate material and produced carbonate and carbonate-silicate melts.

The fassaite-bearing pyroxenite crystallized from a silicate-carbonate melt mixture which was produced by roughly synchronous injections of mafic, pyroxenitic, and carbonate melt batches. The ascending hydrous carbonate melts entrained fragments of pyroxenite that crystallized previously at a temperature exceeding the crystallization point of carbonates. Subsequently, while the whole magmatic system was cooling down, pyroxenite became metasomatized by circulating fluids, which led to the formation of assemblages with garnet, melilite, and scapolite.
Effect of terahertz radiation (3.6 THz, 81.5 mkm,15 mV) on some behavioral patterns of intact mice has been investigated. In home cage mice demonstrated avoidance of laser ray and enhanced replacement activity in free behavior. Animals irradiated during 30 minutes manifested an increased level of anxiety, which was evaluated in the plus maze test on the day following the radiation.
The Russian farm-fox experiment is an unusually long-running and well-controlled study designed to replicate wolf-to-dog domestication. As such, it offers an unprecedented window onto the neural mechanisms governing the evolution of behavior.

Here we report evolved changes to gray matter morphology resulting from selection for tameness versus aggressive responses toward humans in a sample of 30 male fox brains. Contrasting with standing ideas on the effects of domestication on brain size, tame foxes did not show reduced brain volume. Rather, gray matter volume in both the tame and aggressive strains was increased relative to conventional farm foxes bred without deliberate selection on behavior. Furthermore, tame- and aggressive-enlarged regions overlapped substantially, including portions of motor, somatosensory, and prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, and cerebellum. We also observed differential morphologic covariation across distributed gray matter networks. In one prefrontal-cerebellum network, this covariation differentiated the three populations along the tame-aggressive behavioral axis. Surprisingly, a prefrontal-hypothalamic network differentiated the tame and aggressive foxes together from the conventional strain.

These findings indicate that selection for opposite behaviors can influence brain morphology in a similar way. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Domestication represents one of the largest and most rapid evolutionary shifts of life on earth. However, its neural correlates are largely unknown. Here we report the neuroanatomical consequences of selective breeding for tameness or aggression in the seminal Russian farm-fox experiment. Compared with a population of conventional farm-bred control foxes, tame foxes show neuroanatomical changes in the PFC and hypothalamus, paralleling wolf-to-dog shifts. Surprisingly, though, aggressive foxes also show similar changes. Moreover, both strains show increased gray matter volume relative to controls. These results indicate that similar brain adaptations can result from selection for opposite behavior, that existing ideas of brain changes in domestication may need revision, and that significant neuroanatomical change can evolve very quickly, within the span of <100 generations.
This paper presents results of an experimental study of the effect of hydrophobic fluoropolymer coating on the multiscale characteristics of heat transfer at water boiling. New experimental data on the dynamics of vapor bubble growth and detachment, the evolution of contact line, the nucleation site density, and heat transfer coefficient were obtained using high-speed imaging techniques, including infrared thermography and video recording from the bottom side of the transparent heater. It was shown that using a hydrophobic fluoropolymer coating leads to heat transfer enhancement, to a decrease of the surface temperature at the onset of boiling, to an increase of nucleation site density, and to significant change in the dynamics of growth and departure of vapor bubbles and the evolution of the triple contact line.
Nanostructured silver films are considered as an important material for biomedical applications due to their unique optical and antiviral/bactericidal properties. The character of silver films depends on morphology, structure and thicknesses, which are determined by the method and regime of synthesis. In present work we show that a relative thick silver film obtained by pulsed laser deposition has an interesting porous nanocolumnar morphology. Optical properties of the produced samples are investigated. An empirical dependence for determining the thickness of the silver coating from the optical transmission spectra is proposed.
A number of excellent books and articles on the ore-forming processes, magmatic and hydrothermal systems, physicochemical conditions of the ore-forming fluids, and thermodynamic modeling in the geosciences have been published over the past 50 years [...]
In this paper an endovascular measurement system used for intraoperative cerebral blood flow monitoring is described. The system is based on a Volcano ComboMap Pressure and Flow System extended with analogue-to-digital converter and PC laptop. A series of measurements performed in patients with cerebrovascular pathologies allows us to introduce "velocity-pressure" and "flow rate-energy flow rate" diagrams as important characteristics of the blood flow. The measurement system presented here can be used as an additional instrument in neurosurgery for assessment and monitoring of the operation procedure. Clinical data obtained with the system are used for construction of mathematical models and patient-specific simulations. The monitoring of the blood flow parameters during endovascular interventions was approved by the Ethics Committee at the Meshalkin Novosibirsk Research Institute of Circulation Pathology and included in certain surgical protocols for pre-, intra- and postoperative examinations.
Data on the electronic structure and redox, magnetic, luminescent, nonlinear optical and catalytic properties of tri- and tetranuclear molybdenum and tungsten chalcogenide clusters are analyzed and integrated.

The bibliography includes 202 references.

The prospects for the applications of this family of clusters for the design of new materials for molecular electronics, nonlinear optics and catalysis are considered.
The results of experimental investigations of the influence of distributed suction through a finely perforated section of a symmetric airfoil on the spatial development of disturbances in the boundary layer are presented. It was found that distributed suction reduces by 10 times the intensity of natural disturbances of the boundary layer and by 20 times the intensity of artificial disturbances generated by an external acoustic field. A spectral analysis of disturbances showed that suction reduces the intensity of high-frequency fluctuations for both natural and forced disturbances. It was found that the distributed suction affects the average flow – when the suction is on, the separation of the boundary layer near the trailing edge of the wing is eliminated. It was found that distributed suction significantly affects the mean flow, up to eliminating the boundary-layer separation near the trailing edge of the wing.
We study the system of equations which describes barotropic (isentropic) flows of viscous compressible multi-fluids (mixtures of fluids).

We study the relations between pressure, densities, concentrations, viscosities and other parameters of the flow and of the medium.
Maintenance of genome stability suppresses cancer and other human diseases and is critical for organism survival. Inevitably, during a life span, multiple DNA lesions can arise due to the inherent instability of DNA molecules or due to endogenous or exogenous DNA damaging factors.

To avoid malignant transformation of cells with damaged DNA, multiple mechanisms have evolved to repair DNA or to detect and eradicate cells accumulating unrepaired DNA damage. In this review, we discuss recent findings on the role of Sp1 (specificity factor 1) in the detection and elimination of cells accumulating persistent DNA strand breaks.

We also discuss how this mechanism may contribute to the maintenance of physiological populations of healthy cells in an organism, thus preventing cancer formation, and the possible application of these findings in cancer therapy.
An inverse problem of the determination of an initial condition in a hyperbolic equation from the lateral Cauchy data is considered. This problem has applications to the thermoacoustic tomography, as well as to linearized coefficient inverse problems of acoustics and electromagnetics. A new version of the quasi-reversibility method is described. This version requires a new Lipschitz stability estimate, which is obtained via the Carleman estimate. Numerical results are presented.
The photoemission properties on Cs/GaAs and GaAs(Cs,O) surfaces prepared at room temperature were studied under thermal cycling. The evolution of electron affinity and escape probability to vacuum was measured using photoemission quantum yield spectroscopy for the surfaces with various Cs-O overlayer compositions. It was found that an increase in the oxygen exposure led to the improvement in the thermal stability of electron affinity.
In-depth experimental and computational 129Xe NMR analysis of extraordinarily efficient adsorption of xenon in a porous organic cage.
Extending the previously published single-pion and single-kaon cross sections

These dihadron results are obtained from a 655 fb−1 data sample collected near the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. Extending the previously published single-pion and single-kaon cross sections, single-proton (e+e−→pX) cross sections are extracted from a 159 fb−1 data subsample.

We report the first double differential cross sections of two charged pions and kaons (e+e−→hhX) in electron-positron annihilation as a function of the fractional energies of the two hadrons for any charge and hadron combination. The dependence of these dihadron cross sections on the topology (same, opposite hemisphere or anywhere) is also studied with the help of the event shape variable thrust and its axis. The ratios of these dihadron cross sections for different charges and hadron combinations directly shed light on the contributing fragmentation functions. For example, we find that the ratio of same-sign pion pairs over opposite-sign pion pairs drops toward higher fractional energies where disfavored fragmentation is expected to be suppressed.
The beam energy measurement system (BEMS) at the upgraded Beijing Electron-Positron Collider (BEPCII) is designed to provide beam energy value with the relative error at the level of 5×10−5. The obvious energy deviation found during J/ψ resonance scan in 2012 leads to great amount of investigations on both BEPCII and BEMS sides. The reasons causing such an unexpected difference are figured out, which include the neutron damage to HPGe detector, the leakage of RF cavity, and the background from Linac. Based on a series of measures, the ψ(3686) line shape scan is designed and performed, the experimental result indicates that BEMS can measure the beam energy with the claimed accuracy. The afterward performance of BEMS is smooth and stable, and BEMS will play a crucial role in the following high accurate experiments.
In analytical form, the peculiarities of forming Fraunhofer diffraction patterns and images of faces of a volumetric asymmetric edge of an object with an absolutely reflective internal surface in relation to dimensional inspection were investigated.

Formulas were obtained for calculating fields in diffraction-limited systems depending on the magnitude of the bevel of the object c , the phase shift j of the wave reflected from the inner surface of the object, and the angular aperture of the coherent optical system for forming and filtering images.

It has been established that for metal 3D-objects (j = p), the value of the field in the image of the back face at a point, corresponding to the position of its border is negligible with the depth of focus of the system much less than the thickness of the object. It is shown that when bevels of an object, much less than the size of the Fresnel zone d ~ ( l - wavelength of light, d - thickness of the object) and more than the depth of focus, the displacement of the intensity profile in the image of the front face is proportional and depends on the angle j. With large bevels, when and, the displacement of the front face boundary is inversely proportional to the value. These displacements can lead to systematic errors in measuring the position of the boundaries of the faces of a 3D-object and should be taken into account in precision dimensional inspection.
The effect of concentration of the metallic component – platinum (0.1-2 wt.%) – and its electronic state in Pt/WO3/ZrO2 catalysts on characteristics of n-heptane isomerization was studied. It was found that a rise in the platinum concentration to 1.5 wt.% increases the yield of the target products of n-heptane isomerization – high-octane di- and trimethyl-substituted isomers (DTMS). Calcination of the catalyst in flowing air was shown to facilitate the formation of charged platinum, the presence of which enhances the catalyst activity.
We find evidence for the semileptonic baryonic decay $B^-\to p\bar p\ell^-\bar\nu_\ell$ ($\ell=e,\mu$), based on a data sample of 772 million $B\bar B$ pairs collected at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy electron-positron collider. A neural-network based hadronic $B$-meson tagging method is used in this study. The branching fraction of $B^-\to p\bar p\ell^-\bar\nu_\ell$ is measured to be $(5.8^{+2.4}_{-2.1}\textrm{(stat.)}\pm 0.9\textrm{(syst.)})\times 10^{-6}$ with a significance of 3.2$\sigma$, where lepton universality is assumed. We also estimate the corresponding upper limit: $\mathcal{B}(B^-\to p\bar p\ell^-\bar\nu_\ell) < 9.6\times 10^{-6}$ at the 90% confidence level. This measurement helps constrain the baryonic transition form factor in B decays.