Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
In this work we present experimental data on measuring distributions of small- angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) during cast trinitrotoluene (TNT) detonation of 30 and 40 mm in diameter. Dynamics of average size of condensed carbon nanoparticle inkreases has been restored from experimental SAXS data. The work was carried out at the SYRAFEEMA (Synchrotron Radiation Facility for Exploring Energetic Materials) station at accelerator complex VEPP- 4M (Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics). We observe minimal size of particles of order of 2 nm directly behind the detonation front. Later, the average size of carbon nanoparticles increases within 4-12 μs and reach values of 6 nm.
Experimental results demonstrating long-term stability of the operation of our atmospheric quantum cryptography setup using the BB84 protocol and polarization coding are presented. It was shown that the “sifted” quantum key distribution rate and the quantum bit error rate in the key remained constant for 1 hour and were equal to 10 kbit/s and 6.5 %, respectively, at a distance between the transmitter and the receiver equal to 20 cm. Theoretical dependences of the secret quantum key generation rate on a quantum channel transmission coefficient for single-photon detectors, which were used in this experiment, and for new detectors with a reduced level of dark pulses are given.
Magma-mingling and melt modification between granitic pipes and host diorite, Guernsey, Channel Islands
Due to global climate change and fossil fuel depletion, the rational use of thermal energy has attracted great research interest. Large differences between indoor and outdoor temperatures in cold regions results in huge amounts of heat waste and drop in indoor humidity. Ventireg, an adsorption method, has been often recommended for heat and humidity regeneration in cold countries. In this research work, VentireC, an advanced method employing two thermally coupled adsorbent beds is discussed. It allows the heat released during adsorption of moisture in one adsorber to be transferred to another adsorber to facilitate water desorption. The VentireC approach is comprehensively analysed and described in this paper. A composite adsorbent based on LiCl in silica gel pores, which can exchange up to 0.5 g-H2O/g-sorbent, is selected for VentireC processes under cold Western Siberia conditions. Mathematical simulation of humidity recuperation, employing the selected sorbent with and without thermal coupling, demonstrates the advantages of the VentireC process.
Эстетический феномен японской татуировки ирэдзуми и ее связь с искусством гравюры укиё-э (на примере графики Утагава Куниёси) Е
Isomerization of glucose, galactose and arabinose to corresponding keto-sugars was studied in the present work over a range of heterogeneous catalysts.
Microsymposia intercalated Na1-xCoO2-x, spin-state transitions of the Co 3+ ion in LaCoO3, a metal-insulator (MI) accompanied by structural transition in LnBaCo2O5.5 (where Ln is a rare earth).

We present our recent results on crystal growth of cobaltites: La1-xSrxCoO3 and LnBaCo2O5+x using Optical Travelling Solvent Floating Zone method.The crystals were studied by different techniques and some of results will be discussed.

A very small Sr doping level (0.2%) drastically changes magnetic properties of La1-xSrxCoO3 as found using inelastic neutron scattering and magnetisation measurements.This can be explained assuming that the slight hole doping in LaCoO3 matrix creates magnetic polarons, which leads to a spin-state transition of Co 3+ .On the background of the spin-state and orbitalordering transitions of the Co 3+ ion in LnBaCo2O5+x, the system shows a metal-insulator transition accompanied by structural one at temperatures above room temperature, three different magnetic phases below room temperature and a structural transition at temperature above MI transition.All these properties can be tuned by a kind of the rare earth ion and oxygen stoichiometry.Structural, magnetic and transport studies of layered cobaltites LnBaCo2O5.5 (Ln=Tb, Nd) especially near metal-insulator transition will be presented.
Dendritic molecules bearing metal complexes in their structure (metallodendrimers and metallodendrons) are considered prospective therapeutic entities. In particular, metallodendrons raise interest as antitumor agents for the treatment of poorly curable or drug-resistant tumors. Herein, we have synthesized amphiphilic triazine-phosphorus dendrons bearing multiple copper (II) or gold (III) complexes on the periphery and a branched hydrophobic fragment at the focal point. Due to their amphiphilic nature, metallodendrons formed single micelles (mean diameter ~9 nm) or multi-micellar aggregates (mean diameter ~60 nm) in a water solution. We have tested the antitumor activity of amphiphilic metallodendrons towards glioblastoma, a malignant brain tumor with a notoriously high level of therapy resistance, as a model disease. The metallodendrons exhibit higher cytotoxic activity towards glioblastoma stem cells (BTSC233, JHH520, NCH644, and SF188 cell lines) and U87 glioblastoma cells (IC50 was 3-6 µM for copper-containing dendron and 11-15 µM for gold-containing dendron) in comparison with temozolomide (IC50 >100 µM)-the clinical standard of care for glioblastoma. Our findings show the potential of metallodendron-based nanoformulations as antitumor entities.
Based on the integral laws of conservation of mass and energy

a mathematical numerical-analytical model of the deformation of a continuous liquid-metal drop after its collision with a flat porous surface is constructed. The model takes into account the capillary and adhesive properties of the melt, the processes of cooling a liquid drop until it solidifies. Numerical calculations are performed for the model case of collision of a continuous liquid drop of zirconia with a porous steel substrate.
SELEX_DB is an online resource containing both the experimental data on in vitro selected DNA/RNA oligomers (aptamers) and the applets for recognition of these oligomers. Since in vitro experimental data are evidently system-dependent, the new release of the SELEX_DB has been supplemented by the database SYSTEM storing the experimental design. In addition, the recognition applet package, SELEX_TOOLS, applying in vitro selected data to annotation of the genome DNA, is accompanied by the cross-validation test database CROSS_TEST discriminating the sites (natural or other) related to in vitro selected sites out of random DNA. By cross-validation testing, we have unexpectedly observed that the recognition accuracy increases with the growth of homology between the training and test sets of protein binding sequences. For natural sites, the recognition accuracy was lower than that for the nearest protein homologs and higher than that for distant homologs and non-homologous proteins binding the common site. The current SELEX_DB release is available at http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/mgs/systems/selex/.
In direct numerical simulations of a turbulent jet

propagating helical waves which contain much of the energy are tracked from the near to the far field

in order to find their scaling properties and dispersion laws
Results of experimental and theoretical studies of the capability of terahertz surface plasmons (SPs) to cross macroscopic air gaps in a substrate (or between substrates) with admissible losses are presented. SPs were launched with quasi-cw free-electron laser radiation with 130 μm wavelength (λ). We managed to detect SPs passing across gaps as wide as 100 mm (or about 10(3)⋅λ), which is very promising for development of terahertz SP circuitry. The phenomenon was harnessed for splitting an SP beam into two new ones, guided by their own individual plane-surface substrates.
Background.Winter crops are the most productive component of agricultural biocenoses. In Russia, winter wheat suffers the greatest losses in winter, so a search for traits marking high or low winter hardiness in autumn-sown genotypes, including improved cultivars, is needed to assess their potential for overwintering. One of such markers of high winter hardiness is an increased lignin content in plant tissues. The terminal enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway of metabolism, wherein lignin components are formed, is cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD, EC 1.1.1.195). In plants, the CAD enzyme is one of the links in the aromatic metabolism, which generates, in addition to lignin, a number of aromatic compounds, such as lignans, aromatic glycosides, etc. Many of these compounds, like lignin, contain chromophore groups and are capable of autofluorescence. Correlations of the genotypes that incorporate CAD1-F with overwintering are studied in this work.

Materials and methods.The winter bread wheat cultivars ‘Zitnica’ (Yugoslavia) and ‘Novosibirskaya 9’ (ICG SB RAS, Russia), contrasting in winter hardiness and CAD isozyme spectra, their hybrids, and 28 improved winter cultivars developed in Krasnodar were selected for the study. Fluorescence analysis of 28 winter wheat cultivars was also performed. Correlation coefficients between fluorescence and frost tolerance were calculated using the results of the analysis of 7 most contrasting cultivars.

Conclusions. The tested winter bread wheat genotypes demonstrated the interplay between CAD1-F and successful overwintering: a correlation was found in the genotypes carrying the 00 CAD1-F allele with higher percentage of overwintered plants. This dependence was not observed in every season. The analysis of seedling sections for fluorescence can also be used for preliminary assessment of winter tolerance in winter bread wheat under laboratory conditions.
Ellipsometry is often used to determine the characteristics of films. Ellipsometric studies may turn out to be ineffective because several solutions correspond to the same polarization angles. It is demonstrated that the ambiguity is not due to the physical limitations of the method but it has a purely mathematical character. So, additional information about the film is necessary to determine the absolute values of refractive index, attenuation, and thickness.
The results of study of hydrogeological conditions of oil and gas bearing deposit of the southern areas of Ob-Irtysh interfluves (southern regions of West Siberian basin) are presented. The hydrodynamic field is characterized by direct dependence and the presence of normal and increased pressure (formation anomalous pressure factor not exceed 1.13) is common in Apt-Alb-Cenomanian, Neokomian, Jurassic and pre-Jurassic complexes.

The results of study of the reservoir properties and hydrodynamic conditions indicated that the elision water exchange play the dominant role in the modern hydrogeological structure formation. Two types of water drive system is established: elisional (lithostatical and termodehydrational) in the inner areas (southern part of Koltogor-Nyurolsky trench, Nyurolskaya megadepression, Verkhnevasyugansk anteclise and other structures) and infiltrational within the territory of Baraba-Pikhtovo monocline.

Elisional system is replaced by the elisional-termodehydrational at the depth 2.0-2.2 km. Large piezo maximum zones (southern part of Koltogor-Nyurolsky trench and Nyurolskaya megadepression) become the inner regions of water pressure generation (the inner feed areas) with the maximal degree of hydrogeological closure of the interior. The region of piezo minima, tracing the structures of the Barabinsk-Pikhtovskaya megamonocline, relates to the external feed area. The hydrodynamic model of the southern areas of Ob-Irtysh interfluves is building for the first time and allow to predict the pressure change trends in the areas with poorly provided with the actual data.
The aim is the assessment of structural and functional state of common carotid artery by ultrasound in patients with non-Hodgkin malignant lymphomas (NHML) before and after chemotherapy. Materials and methods. The common carotid artery of 111 patients at different stages of NHML were examined via a “LOGIC 400” ultrasound. Results. The common carotid artery of patients with NHML is undergoing morphological modification with changes in thickness and diameter, which corresponds to a hypertrophic type of remodeling. There is an increase in the thickness of the complex “intima-media” and Kernogan`s index with decreasing the common carotid artery diameter by comparison with the control group. Chemotherapy improves the parameters of the common carotid artery while reducing the thickness of the complex “intima-media” and Kernogan`s index at different stages of NHML. Conclusion. Remodeling of the common carotid artery is associated with the developmental stage of NHML. Chemotherapy leads to an improvement of the morphological parameters of the common carotid artery, which evaluates the effect of the treatment.
Interactions of mantle silicates with subducted carbonates, sulfides, and sulfur-rich fluids are experimentally simulated in the olivine-ankerite-sulfur and olivine-ankerite-pyrite systems using a multi-anvil high-pressure split-sphere apparatus at 6.3 GPa and range of 1050–1550 °C. Recrystallization of Fe,Ni-bearing olivine and ankerite in a sulfur melt was found to be accompanied by sulfidation of olivine and carbonate, involving partial extraction of metals, carbon, and oxygen into the melt, followed by the formation of pyrite (±pyrrhotite), diopside, and Fe-free carbonates. The main features of metasomatic alteration of Fe,Ni-olivine by a reduced sulfur fluid include: (i) a zonal structure of crystals (Fe-rich core, Mg-rich rim); (ii) inclusions of pyrite and pyrrhotite in olivine; (iii) certain Raman spectral characteristics of olivine. At T > 1350 °C, two immiscible melts, a predominantly sulfur melt with dissolved components (or a Fe–Ni–S–O melt) and a predominantly carbonate one, are generated. The redox interaction of these melts leads to the formation of metastable graphite (1350–1550 °C) and diamond growth (1550 °C). The studied olivine-ankerite-sulfur and olivine-ankerite-pyrite interactions may be considered as the basis for simulation of metasomatic processes accompanied by the formation of mantle sulfides during subduction of crustal material to the silicate mantle.
We present an experimental study of the lattice-induced light shifts on the optical clock transition () in neutral ytterbium. The ``magic'' frequency for the isotope was determined to be , which leads to a first order light shift uncertainty of 0.38 Hz. We also investigated the hyperpolarizability shifts due to the nearby , , and two-photon resonances at 759.708, 754.23, and 764.95 nm, respectively. By measuring the corresponding clock transition shifts near these two-photon resonances, the hyperpolarizability shift was estimated to be 170(33) mHz for a linear polarized, deep, lattice at the magic wavelength. These results indicate that the differential polarizability and hyperpolarizability frequency shift uncertainties in a Yb lattice clock could be held to well below .
We have created an intense molecular source based on microchannel plates. The source forms a helium beam with divergence angle of 50 mrad, current (equivalent) density on the axis 100 mA/cm2 with an average particle beam energy 0.025 eV. The paper shows experimental measurements of the molecular source current density profile.

The result was compared with the theoretical model.
Depending on the reaction conditions, either guest or host truncation is observed upon self-assembly of [Cp*Fe(η5-P5)], [(CpCr)2(η5-As5)] and copper halides.
The product of the electronic width of the J/ψ meson and the branching fractions of its decay to hadrons and electrons has been measured using the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M e + e − collider.

The obtained values are Γee(J/ψ)=5.550±0.056±0.089keV, Γee(J/ψ)·ℬhadrons(J/ψ)=4.884±0.048±0.078keV, Γee(J/ψ)·ℬee(J/ψ)=0.3331±0.0066±0.0040keV. The uncertainties shown are statistical and systematic, respectively.

Using the result presented and the world-average value of the electronic branching fraction, one obtains the total width of the J/ψ meson: Γ=92.94±1.83keV. These results are consistent with the previous experiments.
Hundreds of millions of people worldwide are infected by various species of parasitic flatworms. Without treatment, acute and chronical infections frequently lead to the development of severe pathologies and even death. Emerging data on a decreasing efficiency of some important anthelmintic compounds and the emergence of resistance to them force the search for alternative drugs. Parasitic flatworms have complex life cycles, are laborious and expensive in culturing, and have a range of anatomic and physiological adaptations that complicate the application of standard molecular-biological methods. On the other hand, free-living flatworm species, evolutionarily close to parasitic flatworms, do not have the abovementioned difficulties, which makes them potential alternative models to search for and study homologous genes.

In this review, we describe the use of the basal free-living flatworm Macrostomum lignano as such a model. M. lignano has a number of convenient biological and experimental properties, such as fast reproduction, easy and non-expensive laboratory culturing, optical body transparency, obligatory sexual reproduction, annotated genome and transcriptome assemblies, and the availability of modern molecular methods, including transgenesis, gene knockdown by RNA interference, and in situ hybridization. All this makes M. lignano amenable to the most modern approaches of forward and reverse genetics, such as transposon insertional mutagenesis and methods of targeted genome editing by the CRISPR/Cas9 system.

Due to the availability of an increasing number of genome and transcriptome assemblies of different parasitic flatworm species, new knowledge generated by studying M. lignano can be easily translated to parasitic flatworms with the help of modern bioinformatic methods of comparative genomics and transcriptomics. In support of this, we provide the results of our bioinformatics search and analysis of genes homologous between M. lignano and parasitic flatworms, which predicts a list of promising gene targets for subsequent research.
A geminate reaction between and reactants affected by the bulk reaction between and scavengers is discussed. The exact solution of the problem obtained recently for randomly walking reactant (excess electron) is compared with the superposition approximation commonly used to interpret experimental data. Distinctions related to the important role of time correlations between geminate and bulk reactions are analyzed. The largest deviations exponentially growing in time are observed for geminate reaction rate in the presence of scavengers. It is shown that superposition approximation can decrease essentially the ultimate probability of geminate recombination. The difference is great enough to lead to qualitatively incorrect description of the experiment even at small concentration of scavengers. This, in turn, may give rise to considerable errors in the determination of geminate pair parameters or, alternatively, to the wrong information about bulk kinetics of electron scavenging.
Перераспределение атомных ступеней на поверхности кремния (001)

при сублимации в условиях нагрева постоянным электрическим током

Е. Е. Родякина 1, 2 , С. В. Ситников 1 , Д. И. Рогило 1 , А. В
The resolution by the bureau of the Novosibirsk regional committee of the CPSU “On the work of the Institute of History, Philology and Philosophy of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR” dated May 26, 1970 reflects a system intended to control over the activities of academic society, primarily humanitarians. The party considered the scholars, and the historians in particular, as a “fighter” in the ideological battle who had to adhere to the principle of “Marxism-Leninism”, and, in fact, to all official guidelines consistently developed by the CPSU.

The focus of this document is scholars who were involved in research projects of political nature. The resolution contains harsh assessments towards a number of “mistake” in the scientific activities of this institution. Among these mistakes the authors of the document mention the lack of adherence to ideological principles, widely spread in the collective of scholars of the Institute of history.

Historians from the Institute get a lot of criticism from the CPSU functionaries for the absence of political and organizational public work in the city, and also for week methodological and ideological influence on the other scientific organizations in Academgorodok, as well as on the departments and sections of social sciences in the Novosibirsk universities. On the whole, this reflected a general conservative trend in accordance with the requirements of the CPSU of the 1960–1970s.
Small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) can appear in a numerically normal ‘basic karyotype’, but also in a numerically abnormal one like a Turner syndrome karyotype (= sSMC<sup>T</sup>). Here we present 17 new cases with such a mos 45,X/46,X,+mar karyotype. Moreover we reviewed all 512 cytogenetically similar cases available from the literature and supply for the first time data on occurrence, shapes and subgroups of this rare cytogenetic entity. sSMC<sup>T</sup> are very rare in the common population (1:100,000) – however, they can be observed with a 45- and even 60-times higher frequency in infertile and (develop)mentally retarded patients, respectively. Even though sSMC<sup>T</sup> derive from one of the gonosomes in >99% of the cases, there are also exceptional reports on sSMC<sup>T</sup> derived from one of the autosomes. The majority of sSMC<sup>T</sup>(X) form ring chromosomes, while most sSMC<sup>T</sup>(Y) are inverted duplicated/isodicentric chromosomes. Although >500 sSMC<sup>T</sup> are reported, a detailed characterization of the chromosomal breakpoints is only given for a minority. Thus, more cases with detailed (molecular) cytogenetic marker chromosome characterization are needed to provide information on formation and effects of an sSMC<sup>T</sup>.
New results of study of e+e− annihilation to hadrons at low energies at BABAR are presented.

The cross sections for the π+π−π0π0, π+π−η final states and several exclusive hadronic modes with kaons are measured using the initial-state-radiation technique.
This paper is concerned with a new type of free boundary problems for elastic bodies with a rigid inclusion being in contact with another rigid inclusion or with a non-deformable punch.

We propose correct problem formulations with inequality type boundary conditions of a non-local type describing a mutual non-penetration between surfaces. Solution existence is proved for different types of inclusions and different geometries.

Qualitative properties of solutions are analyzed provided that rigidity parameters are changed.
Cuboid diamonds are particularly common in the placers of the northeastern Siberian platform but their origin remains unclear. These crystals usually range in color from dark yellow to orange and more interestingly, are characterized by unusual low aggregated nitrogen impurities (non-aggregated C-center) suggesting a short residence time and/or low temperatures at which they have been stored in the mantle.

In order to track possible isotopic signature that could help deciphering cuboid diamond's crystallization processes, δ13C values, δ15N values and nitrogen contents have been determined in-situ in three samples using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), whereas nitrogen aggregation state have been determined by FTIR spectroscopy.

The samples fall out the δ13C vs. δ15N field of canonical mantle composition. Different scale of carbon and nitrogen fractionation may produce the observed variations. Alternatively, mixing of mantle and crustal material would obscure initial co-variations of δ13C values with δ15N or nitrogen content.