Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Experiments on carrier recombination in two-dimensional organic structures are often interpreted in the frame of the Langevin model with taking into account only the drift of the charge carriers in their mutual electric field. While this approach is well justified for three-dimensional systems, it is in general not valid for two-dimensional structures where the contribution of diffusion can play a dominant role.

We study the two-dimensional Langevin recombination theoretically

and find the critical concentration below which diffusion cannot be neglected. For typical experimental conditions, neglecting the diffusion leads to an underestimation of the recombination rate by several times.
The interference fragmentation function translates the fragmentation of a quark with a transverse projection of the spin into an azimuthal asymmetry of two final-state hadrons. In e+e- annihilation the product of two interference fragmentation functions is measured.

The results are obtained from a 672 fb-1 data sample that contains 711	imes 106 pi+pi- pairs and was collected at and near the ?(4S) resonance, with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider.

We report nonzero asymmetries for pairs of charge-ordered pi+pi- pairs, which indicate a significant interference fragmentation function in this channel.
The absence of a strict pachytene checkpoint in plants presents an opportunity to study meiosis in polyhaploid organisms.

By using in situ hybridization with a centromere pAet6-09 probe and immunostaining with H3Ser10ph-, CENH3-, and α-tubulin-specific antibodies, we distinguished four chromosome behaviour types.

Slightly variable meiotic phenotypes are reproducibly observed in hybrids under different growth conditions. The 2R(2D)xR genotype tends to promote reductional division. In contrast, the genotypes 1Rv(1A)xR, 5R(5D)xR, and 6R(6A)xR promote equational chromosome segregation and monopolar spindle formation in addition to reductional and equational plus reductional division types.
We consider an equation by Navier-Stokes type and investigate some questions of identification of solutions and coefficients on the base of analytical representation of solution, in particular by representation of solution in ray series form.
Tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) is an important proinflammatory cytokine in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) immune processes. However, TNFα activity and functions may be regulated by soluble receptors, which act as decoys, and by number, density, and co-expression of its membrane-bound receptors type 1 and 2 (TNFR1 and TNFR2).

PBMC were analyzed from 46 healthy donors and 64 patients with RA using flow cytometry. Patients were divided according to the disease activity score (DAS) 28 index into groups with high (n = 22, 34.4%), moderate (n = 30, 46.9%), and low (n = 12, 18.8%) disease activity. Co-expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2 was studied by evaluating the percentage of cells, with different receptors, and by counting the number of receptors of each type per cell, using QuantiBritePE beads. Associations between disease severity and activity indicators and parameters of TNFα receptor expression in subpopulations of immune cells were studied.

T cell subsets from RA patients were characterized by co-expression of TNFR1 and TNFR2, and were found to differ significantly compared with healthy donors. Memory cells both among T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells demonstrated the most significant differences in TNFR-expression profile. Multivariable logistic regression revealed model to identified RA patients from healthy individual based on the TNFR1/2 co-expression parameters. The profile of TNFR1\2 co-expression differs in RA comparing with health. Proportion of TNFR1+TNFR2- cells increased significantly among memory T helper cells and activated cytotoxic T cells, and decreased significantly among naïve cytotoxic T cells and T regulatory cells as compared with health. The parameters of TNFR1\2 co-expression in RA are associated with clinical and laboratory indicators of disease activity.
The thymidine derivatives araAzT, dTTP(3'N3), TTP(3'NH2), and araTTP(3'N3), were studied as inhibitors of the reverse transcription taking place within endogenous retroviral A-type particles, where retroviral RNAs served as templates and primers

dTTP(3'N3) was shown to be the most efficient inhibitor of retroviral particle reverse transcription. Termination of DNA chain elongation is the basic mechanism of the inhibitory action of dTTP(3'N3)

The compound has a very low inhibitory effect on mammalian DNA-dependent DNA polymerases alpha, beta and gamma
Nucleic acid aptamers capable of selectively recognizing their target molecules have nowadays been established as powerful and tunable tools for biospecific applications, be it therapeutics, drug delivery systems or biosensors. It is now generally acknowledged that in vitro selection enables one to generate aptamers to almost any target of interest.

However, the success of selection and the affinity of the resulting aptamers depend to a large extent on the nature and design of an initial random nucleic acid library. We also compare and contrast different randomization strategies and consider computer methods of library design and some other aspects.

In this review, we summarize and discuss the most important features of the design of nucleic acid libraries for in vitro selection such as the nature of the library (DNA, RNA or modified nucleotides), the length of a randomized region and the presence of fixed sequences.
Purpose. We describe a saber from the collection of the Moscow Kremlin Museums (Inventory no. 4427). Results. The total length of the saber is 101.5 cm including the length of the blade 87.5 cm. When in the scabbard, the length is 106.5 cm. The grip and metal elements of the scabbard are made of gilded silver. Their surface is decorated with floral engraving. Mounts and big bezels contain pieces of turquoise and jade. The grip is inlaid with jade plates, gold and mounted rubies. We analyzed the construction and decoration of the saber and the scabbard and concluded that they were made by Ottoman masters in the first half of the 17th century. The closest analogues of the saber are stored in the Moscow Kremlin Armory, the State Hermitage Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, etc. According to the inscription on the blade, we refer the weapon to the type of insignia, which were given to Kazakh rulers who became Russian citizens and were approved as khans. A common historiographical attribution of the saber as belonging to Erali Khan (1729) has been proved wrong. According to the documents of the 18th century available, the saber initially was to be given to a famous Kazakh khan of the Middle jüz of Kazakhstan Ablai Khan (1711–1780). In 1778, the blade of the 17th century was signed in Russian and Arab, the scabbard was covered with red tissue, the gilded elements were freshened up, and a shoulder harness made of silk of two colors was added, together with a case. In the second half of 1778, the saber was delivered to the Peter and Paul Fortress of the Novyi Ishim defense line, where it was to be handed to Ablai Khan. However, due to some political disagreements he refused to accept the signs of the power, and the saber, along with other gifts, was left to be stored in the fortress. In May 1781, Ablai’s son, a newly elected Vali Khan (1744–1821), addressed Russian authorities asking them to pass him the signs of the khan’s power and Ablai’s allowance. As the insignia was to be given to the new owner, the inscription had to be changed. The saber was sent to Orenburg, where a local master changed the khan’s name and the year. During an official ceremony in the Peter and Paul Fortress, which was held on 1 November, 1782, the weapon was awarded to Vali Khan. Later on, the saber was passed on and stored by some families of noble Kazakhs. Conclusion. The saber is of a high scientific value as it is the only surviving and almost undamaged symbol of Kazakh khans’ power. It is a unique relic of Russian-Kazakh relations in the 18th century.
The aim of the work is to investigate the parameters of hemostasis, electrical and viscoelastic parameters of red blood cells and markers of inflammation in persons suffering from arterial hypertension to determine the possibility of assessing the severity of hemorheological disorders. Material and methods. The study included 203 patients (156 patients with arterial hypertension and 47 patients without hypertension). The parameters of hemostasis, markers of inflammation and red blood cells were studied. Results. The possibilities of assessing the severity of hemorheological disorders in patients with arterial hypertension, based on the study of parameters: hemostasis, erythrocytes (by dielectrophoresis). In patients with hypertension, as the risk of venous thromboembolic complications increased, acceleration of leukocyte-platelet aggregation, increased fibrinogen level and decreased activity of XII-dependent fibrinolysis, which creates prerequisites for rheological disturbances, were revealed. The most accurate prediction of result according to severity of hemorheological disorders (differentiation moderate and expressed disorders from the lungs) is provided by such indicators of electric and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes, as the polarizability of red blood cells at a frequency of 106 Hz (AUC = 0,750 in), the speed of movement of cells to the electrodes (AUC = 0,746), deformation degree at a frequency of 5 × 105 Hz (AUC = 0,733), conductivity cell (AUC = 0,730), the generalized viscosity (AUC = 0,729), the index of aggregation of erythrocytes (AUC = 0,716), graduation according to the degree of strain at all frequencies (AUC = 0,716), generalized stiffness (AUC = 0,714), the deformation amplitude at frequency of 106 Hz (AUC = 0,711), the capacity of the cells (AUC = 0,693). The measure of specificity for different indices of erythrocytes is 75.4–99,3 % and a sensitivity of 84.1–98.6 %. Conclusions. The study of the parameters of hemostasis, markers of inflammation, red blood cells allowed us to determine the key indicators for assessing the severity of hemorheological disorders in patients with arterial hypertension. The work was carried out within the framework of the budgetary theme under the State Assignment No. 121090800102-4.
Aim . To study the efficacy, safety and effect on vascular age of free-equivalent and fixed-dose combinations of amlodipine, a renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers and rosuvastatin in patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk with uncontrolled hypertension and concomitant dyslipidemia. Material and methods . This open-label case series study included 148 men and women (mean age 60,63±8,16 years). The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n=76) received a triple fixed-dose combination of amlodipine, lisinopril, rosuvastatin; group 2 (n=72) received a dual free-equivalent antihypertensive combination (amlodipine/losartan) and rosuvastatin. The doses were selected by the attending physician and were not regulated by the researchers. The study included an assessment of blood pressure, lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides), biochemical profile, ASCORE value, medication adherence, changes in the augmentation index (AI) at baseline and after 6 months of therapy (first and second visits, respectively). The results were considered significant at p<0,05. Results . After 6 months of therapy, significant intragroup differences were noted in comparison with the baseline values. In group 1, the levels of TC (p=0,002), LDL-C (p=0,001), ASCORE value (p=0,01), and vascular age (p=0,01) significantly decreased; in group 2 — TC (p=0,03), LDL-C (p=0,005). In the group of triple fixed-dose therapy, the values of AI (p=0,04), TC (p=0,012), LDL-C (p=0,024), ASCORE value (p=0,02) and vascular age (p=0,01) were significantly lower than in the free-equivalent group. Conclusion . The fixed-dose combination of amlodipine, lisinopril and rosuvastatin, is more effective and equally safe relative to the free-equivalent combination of amlodipine/losartan and rosuvastatin, not only in terms of effect on LDL-C and AI, but also on vascular age parameters calculated using the ASCORE scale. This can serve as an additional motivating factor for patients to receive therapy.
A new numerical method for solving the Serre–Green–Naghdi (SGN) equations describing dispersive waves on shallow water is proposed. From the mathematical point of view, the SGN equations are the Euler–Lagrange equations for a 'master' lagrangian submitted to a differential constraint which is the mass conservation law. One major numerical challenge in solving the SGN equations is the resolution of an elliptic problem at each time instant. This is the most time-consuming part of the numerical method. The idea is to replace the 'master' lagrangian by a one-parameter family of 'augmented' lagrangians, depending on a greater number of variables, for which the corresponding Euler–Lagrange equations are hyperbolic. In such an approach, the 'master' lagrangian is recovered by the augmented lagrangian in some limit (for example, when the corresponding parameter is large). The choice of such a family of augmented lagrangians is proposed and discussed. The corresponding hyperbolic system is numerically solved by a Godunov type method. Numerical solutions are compared with exact solutions to the SGN equations. It appears that the computational time in solving the hyperbolic system is much lower than in the case where the elliptic operator is inverted. The new method is applied, in particular, to the study of 'Favre waves' representing non-stationary undular bores produced after reflection of the fluid flow with a free surface at an immobile wall.
The paper aims to look for a satisfactory ontological interpretation of the relationship between a pattern and its 'elements' in D. Dennett's ontology of patterns from the 'serious essentialism' perspective by E. J. Lowe.

The pattern should be interpreted as 'consisting' of 'lower-order patterns' which are the 'modes' in E. J. Lowe's ontology, while the pattern and its 'elements' are linked by the relation of 'metaphysical interdependence' by N. Thompson, representing one of the attitudes of grounding as a metaphysical explanation of a special kind.

As a heuristic, a general metaphysical scheme is considered, in which elements of H. Reichenbach's logic of the relationship between 'abstracta' and 'concreta', which reveal themselves in D. Dennett's ontology, such as: 'reduction of the abstract to the observed', 'existence by convention' and 'existence of the abstract and the observable in the ordinary world', find an adequate interpretation within the framework of E. J. Lowe's ontology.
Dynamic changes in the economic and social life of our country necessitate corresponding changes in the approaches to managing a modern University. One of these changes should be a new look at its corporate culture. However, still there is no scientific consensus reached in the literature about its features and the role in the success of the university.

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the relevance of the formation of entrepreneurial corporate culture in the Russian universities. At the same time, it is proposed to consider entrepreneurial corporate culture as a key marketing asset of the organization. The article presents the algorithm, mechanisms, and the main tools for the formation of entrepreneurial culture, given the specifics of this asset for an educational organization and the existing external environment.

The essence of the author's approach is to consider corporate culture as a key marketing asset of the University that impact on the strategic vision for the organization and operational management of all activities and units of the University. At the same time, the culture should be entrepreneurial in nature, which determines the University's ability to innovatively solve the tasks it faces and more successfully achieve the organization's strategic goals. Theoretical significance of the proposed approach is a balanced approach to the university management, optimally combining conventional and unconventional for the educational environment methods to manage an educational organization. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using the proposed methodology for the formation of entrepreneurial culture to improve the efficiency of the university management.
accelerator-based neutron sources are a new frontier for BNCT but many technical issues remain. We aimed to study such issues and results in larger-animal BNCT (cats and dogs) with naturally occurring, malignant tumors in different locations as an intermediate step in translating current research into clinical practice.

10 pet cats and dogs with incurable, malignant tumors that had no treatment alternatives were included in this study. A tandem accelerator with vacuum insulation was used as a neutron source. As a boron-containing agent, 10B-enriched sodium borocaptate (BSH) was used at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Animal condition as well as tumor progression/regression were monitored.

our study contributes to preparations for human BNCT clinical trials and suggests utility for veterinary oncology.
Refracted waves are often used in neat-surface exploration. A limited observation system in the form of unidirectional profiles is often used. In our work, we selected an object with a known anisotropic upper part of the cross-section. The results of refracted waves processing show the anisotropy of one of the layers of the medium, the azimuthal anisotropy of which led to the observation that the refraction on its top ceases from the first arrivals, for the direction of the profile aligned with the axis of symmetry of the azimuthally anisotropic layer.
Various physical structures exhibit a fundamentally probabilistic nature over diverse scales in space and time, to the point that the demarcation line between quantum and classic laws gets blurred.

Here, we characterize the probability of intermittency in the laminar-turbulence transition of a partially mode-locked fiber laser system, whose degree of coherence is deteriorated by multiple mode mixing. Two competing processes, namely the proliferation and the decay of an optical turbulent puff, determine a critical behavior for the onset of turbulence in such a nonlinear dissipative system. A new kind of polarization rogue waves is introduced at the point of transition to polarization turbulence.

The probabilistic description of the puff-mediated laminar-turbulence polarization transition provides an additional degree of freedom for our understanding of the complex physics of lasers.
The paper examines the role of universities in city development under the Triple Helix model through case studies of Russian and British cities.

The cases of Bristol and Sheffield illustrate that the implementation of the Triple Helix model can be achieved through different approaches. In Bristol, universities reached beyond their campuses to create a ground for cooperation with partners. In Sheffield, there was a platform for interaction with partners using the brand of a top university. Meanwhile, the examples of Tomsk and Novosibirsk provide some evidence for the growing importance of universities in the innovative urban economy.

The comparative analysis provides recommendations for Russian universities, whose application of the Triple Helix model is prevented by the lack of experience in developing an effective marketing strategy and weak interactions between research and enterprises.
48-56 ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ БОР-НЕЙТРОНОЗАХВАТНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ НА ГЕТЕРОТОПИЧЕСКОЙ МОДЕЛИ ГЛИОБЛАСТОМЫ U87 У ИММУНОДЕФИЦИТНЫХ МЫШЕЙ ЛИНИИ SCID Кривошапкин А.Л. 1 , Каныгин В.В. 1 , Касатова А.И. 2 , Сёмин П.А. 3 , Кичигин А.И. 2 , Разумов И.А. 4 , Соловьева О.И. 4 , Завьялов Е
The Transcription Regulatory Regions Database (TRRD) is a curated database designed for accumulation of experimental data on extended regulatory regions of eukaryotic genes, the regulatory elements they contain, i.e., transcription factor binding sites, promoters, enhancers, silencers, etc., and expression patterns of the genes.

release 4.1 of TRRD offers a number of significant improvements, in particular, a more detailed description of transcription factor binding sites, transcription factors per se, and gene expression patterns in a computer-readable format. In addition, the new TRRD release provides considerably more references to other molecular biological databases.

TRRD 4.1 is installed under srs and is available through the www at http://www.bionet.nsc.ru/trrd/
No signal for the Y(4140)→φJ/ψ structure reported by the CDF Collaboration in B→K⁺φJ/ψ decays is observed

The process γγ→φJ/ψ is measured for φJ/ψ masses between threshold and 5 GeV/c², using a data sample of 825 fb⁻¹ collected with the Belle detector

A narrow peak of 8.8⁺⁴·²₋₃.₂ events, with a significance of 3.2 standard deviations including systematic uncertainty, is observed. The mass and natural width of the structure (named X(4350)) are measured to be (4350.6⁺⁴·⁶₋₅.₁(stat)±0.7(syst)) MeV/c² and (13⁺¹⁸₋₉(stat)±4(syst)) MeV, respectively. This disfavors the scenario in which the Y(4140) is a Dₛ*⁺Dₛ*⁻ molecule
An experimental investigation of a laminar-turbulent transition in a round jet flowing from a cylindrical tube with a diameter of 3.2 mm have been carried out. The range of Reynolds numbers in the experiments Re = Ud / v were of 700-12000.

The measurements have been carried out via the PIV system. The profiles of average velocities and their pulsations in the laminar-turbulent transition zone have been obtained, as well as axial distributions of the longitudinal velocity and longitudinal velocity pulsations.

Based on a comparison with the data of other authors, the effect of the initial conditions on the laminar-turbulent transition in a submerged jet has been shown.
was previously thought, to E. hydruntinus or true horses but represents a separate monophyletic group of equids (Orlando et al., 2009).On the basis of skeletal remains from the cave a new species was described Equus ovodovi Eisenmann, Vasiliev, 2011(Eisenmann &Vasiliev, 2011).The name honors N.D. Ovodov who excavated faunal remains from Altai caves, including Proskuriakova Cave.Radiocarbon age of E. ovodovi bones from Proskuriakova Cave corresponds to 42.4-45.7 kyr BP.Detailed examination of tooth and skeletal morphology of the new species showed that E. ovodovi belongs to the subgenus Sussemionus, supposedly extinct in the Middle Pleistocene (Eisenmann, 2010).These equids were widespread in the first half of the Pleistocene from Western Europe through eastern Siberia and Alaska (Eisenmann et al., 2008).The discovery of E. ovodovi in Khakassia suggests that sussemiones survived in western Siberia until the end of the Late Pleistocene.
We study photoluminescence (PL) in the 1.5-1.6 μm wavelength region from dislocation-rich Si layers grown using the oxidized Si surfaces.

The obtained excitation dependences of the PL intensities are interpreted on the base of a model of the electronic structure that consists of the shallow dislocation-induced conduction sub-band and deep levels located about 0.3 eV above the valence band edge. At low temperature and low excitation conditions the dependences are described well by mean of the Shockley-Read-Hall statistics for the carrier recombination via deep states.

The PL data at high excitation conditions suggest that the dominating process that limits the increase in the excess carrier concentration is Auger recombination in which one of three carriers involved into the recombination event is from the deep states. A blue shift of the dislocation-related PL peak with increasing excitation intensity is observed, which is associated with changes in the occupancy of the deep states.