Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
We performed a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial of human dsDNA-based preparation Panagen in a tablet form. In total, 80 female patients with stage II-IV breast cancer were recruited.Patients received three consecutive FAC (5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide) or AC (doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide) adjuvant chemotherapies (3 weeks per course) and 6 tablets of 5 mg Panagen or placebo daily (one tablet every 2-3 hours, 30 mg/day) for 18 days during each chemotherapy course. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 6.0 software, and non-parametric analyses, namely Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney and paired Wilcoxon tests. To describe the results, the following parameters were used: number of observations (n), median, interquartile range, and minimum-maximum range.Panagen displayed pronounced leukostimulatory and leukoprotective effects when combined with chemotherapy. In an ancillary protocol, anticancer effects of a tablet form of Panagen were analyzed. We show that Panagen helps maintain the pre-therapeutic activity level of innate antitumor immunity and induces formation of a peripheral pool of cytotoxic CD8+ perforin + T-cells. Our 3-year follow-up analysis demonstrates that 24% of patients who received Panagen relapsed or died after the therapy, as compared to 45% in the placebo cohort.The data collected in this trial set Panagen as a multi-faceted "all-in-one" medicine that is capable of simultaneously sustaining hematopoiesis, sparing the innate immune cells from adverse effects of three consecutive rounds of chemotherapy and boosting individual adaptive immunity. Its unique feature is that it is delivered via gastrointestinal tract and acts through the lymphoid system of intestinal mucosa. Taken together, maintenance of the initial levels of innate immunity, development of adaptive cytotoxic immune response and significantly reduced incidence of relapses 3 years after the therapy argue for the anticancer activity of Panagen.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02115984 from 04/07/2014.
A low intensity light beam emerges from a graded-index, highly multimode optical fibre with a speckled shape, while at higher intensity the Kerr nonlinearity may induce a spontaneous spatial self-cleaning of the beam.

Here, we reveal that we can generate two self-cleaned beams with a mutual coherence large enough to produce a clear stable fringe pattern at the output of a nonlinear interferometer. The two beams are pumped by the same input laser, yet are self-cleaned into independent multimode fibres.

We thus prove that the self-cleaning mechanism preserves the beams' mutual coherence via a noise-free parametric process. While directly related to the initial pump coherence, the emergence of nonlinear spatial coherence is achieved without additional noise, even for self-cleaning obtained on different modes, and in spite of the fibre structural disorder originating from intrinsic imperfections or external perturbations. Our discovery may impact theoretical approaches on wave condensation, and open new opportunities for coherent beam combining.
In rodents, the most adequate model of human diet-induced obesity is obesity caused by the consumption of a sweet-fat diet (SFD), which causes more pronounced adiposity in females than in males.

The aim of this work was to determine the sex-associated effect of SFD on the expression of genes related to carbohydrate-lipid metabolism in adult mice. For 10 weeks, male and female С57Bl mice were fed a standard laboratory chow (Control group) or a diet, which consisted of laboratory chow supplemented with sweet cookies, sunflower seeds and lard (SFD group). Weights of body, liver and fat depots, blood concentrations of hormones and metabolites, liver fat, and mRNA levels of genes involved in regulation of energy metabolism in the liver, perigonadal and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (pgWAT, scWAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) were measured.

SFD increased body weight and insulin resistance in mice of both sexes. Female mice that consumed SFD (SFD females) had a greater increase in adiposity than SFD males. SFD females showed a decreased expression of genes related to lipogenesis (Lpl) and glucose metabolism (G6pc, Pklr) in liver, as well as lipogenesis (Lpl, Slca4) and lipolysis (Lipe) in pgWAT, suggesting reduced energy expenditure. In contrast, SFD males showed increased lean mass gain, plasma insulin and FGF21 levels, expressions of Cpt1α gene in pgWAT and scWAT and Pklr gene in liver, suggesting enhanced lipid and glucose oxidation in these organs. Thus, in mice, there are sex-dependent differences in adaptation to SFD at the transcriptional level, which can help to explain higher adiposity in females under SFD consumtion.
In comparison with the classical inviscid case

Unsteady interactions of shock waves are simulated numerically and analyzed taking into account viscosity and heat conductivity effects. Both a symmetric head-on collision of two shock waves of an equal strength and an asymmetric interaction of two shock waves propagating with different velocities are considered.

new effects connected with a finite width of the interacting shock waves have been observed. An increase in temperature and entropy is observed in the wake trailing behind a viscous spot formed by the intersecting symmetric finite-width shock waves. An expanding viscous contact wave formed as a result of the asymmetric interaction generates weak pressure and disturbances in the space between two reflected shock waves.
The worldwide spread of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains prompted the development of new strategies to combat tuberculosis, one of which is antisense therapy based on targeting bacterial mRNA by oligonucleotide derivatives. However, the main limitation of antisense antibacterials is poor cellular uptake because of electrostatic charge. Phosphoryl guanidine oligo-2'-O-methylribonucleotides (2'-OMe PGOs) are a novel type of uncharged RNA analogues with high RNA affinity, which penetrate through the bacterial cell wall more efficiently. In this study, we investigated the uptake and biological effects of 2'-OMe PGO in mycobacteria. The results indicated that 2'-OMe PGO specific for the alanine dehydrogenase-encoding ald gene inhibited the growth of Mycobacterium smegmatis and downregulated ald expression at both the transcriptional and translational levels through an RNase H-independent mechanism, showing higher biological activity than its phosphorothioate oligonucleotide counterpart. Confocal microscopy revealed that the anti-ald 2'-OMe PGO was taken up by intracellular mycobacteria residing in RAW 264.7 macrophages without exerting toxic effects on eukaryotic cells, indicating that 2'-OMe PGO was able to efficiently cross two cellular membranes. In addition, 2'-OMe PGO inhibited the transcription of the target ald gene in M. smegmatis-infected macrophages. Thus, we demonstrated, for the first time, a possibility of targeting gene expression and inhibiting growth of intracellular mycobacteria by antisense oligonucleotide derivatives. Strong antisense activity and efficient uptake of the new RNA analogue, 2'-OMe PGO, by intracellular microorganisms revealed here may promote the development of novel therapeutic strategies to treat TB and prevent the emergence of drug-resistant mycobacterial strains.
Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the most common and serious complications of pregnancy. In women with a history of PE the risk of cardiovascular disease is increased, and atherosclerosis can be induced even during fetal development. The exact mechanisms by which PE increases future cardiovascular risk are unknown, although multiple similarities between mechanisms responsible for cardiovascular disease and PE are reported. Risk factors for PE, such as obesity, insulin resistance, thrombophilia, changes in the lipid spectrum are similar to those for atherosclerosis, which allows us to compare these two conditions to clarify the specifics and is important for understanding the pathogenesis of both pathologies. PE, as well as atherosclerosis, manifests as endothelial dysfunction, abnormal immune function, oxidative stress, activation of inflammation, changes in lipid metabolism. Recent studies have provided a broader understanding of the problem, although there are still many open questions. The etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases, their possible relationship are not fully understood. The article provides a summary of possible common mechanisms of PE and atherosclerosis.
This article raises the question about job functions and the range of duties performed by a special category of serving people in Siberia called interpreters. The analysis is based on a sample text of the oath intended to a servant, who is appointed to work as an interpreter in the Yakutsk region. The oath procedure looks as follows: the service person verbally swore honestly faithfully discharge the duties and then had to kiss the cross. This document significantly supplements the traditional range of sources used by historians to study cross-cultural and interlanguage communication as part of the process of colonization of Siberia. The text of oath is dated 1665/1666 and contains a mention of the voivode of the Yakut town. It clearly demonstrates the full breadth of duties of the Siberian interpreter. Description of his work includes military, fiscal (collecting fur tribute) and intermediary functions in various communicative situations. The role and importance of the translation service appear to be especially vital because of their responsibility for the adequacy of the translation of Russian messages to foreigners and vice versa.
This review analyses the literature concerning non-fluorescent and fluorescent probes for nucleic acid imaging in fixed and living cells from the point of view of their suitability for imaging intracellular native RNA and DNA. Attention is mainly paid to fluorescent probes for fluorescence microscopy imaging. Requirements for the target-binding part and the fluorophore making up the probe are formulated. In the case of native double-stranded DNA, structure-specific and sequence-specific probes are discussed. Among the latest, three classes of dsDNA-targeting molecules are described: (i) sequence-specific peptides and proteins; (ii) triplex-forming oligonucleotides and (iii) polyamide oligo(N-methylpyrrole/N-methylimidazole) minor groove binders. Polyamides seem to be the most promising targeting agents for fluorescent probe design, however, some technical problems remain to be solved, such as the relatively low sequence specificity and the high background fluorescence inside the cells. Several examples of fluorescent probe applications for DNA imaging in fixed and living cells are cited. In the case of intracellular RNA, only modified oligonucleotides can provide such sequence-specific imaging. Several approaches for designing fluorescent probes are considered: linear fluorescent probes based on modified oligonucleotide analogs, molecular beacons, binary fluorescent probes and template-directed reactions with fluorescence probe formation, FRET donor-acceptor pairs, pyrene excimers, aptamers and others. The suitability of all these methods for living cell applications is discussed.
The title 1:1 salt, C 7 H 8 NO 2 + ·C 5 H 3 N 2 O 2 − (systematic name: 4-carboxyanilinium pyrazine-2-carboxylate), was synthesized successfully by slow evaporation of a saturated solution from water–ethanol (1:1 v / v ) mixture and characterized by X-ray diffraction (SCXRD, PXRD) and calorimetry (DSC). The crystal structure of the salt was solved and refined at 150 and 293 K. The salt crystallizes with one molecule of 4-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and one molecule of pyrazinoic acid (POA) in the asymmetric unit. In the crystal, the PABA and POA molecules are associated via COOH...N arom heterosynthons, which are connected by N—H...O hydrogen bonds, creating zigzag chains. The chains are further linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking interactions along the b axis [centroid-to-centroid distances = 3.7377 (13) and 3.8034 (13) Å at 150 and 293 K, respectively] to form a layered three-dimensional structure.
We study equitable 2-partitions of the Johnson graphs J(n,w) with a quotient matrix containing the eigenvalue lambda_2(w,n) = (w-2)(n-w-2)-2 in its spectrum.

For any w>=4 and n>=2w, we find all admissible quotient matrices of such partitions,

and characterize all these partitions for w>=4, n>2w, and for w>=7, n = 2w, up to equivalence.
Data sets were collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at the center-of-mass energy of √s = 3.650 GeV during May 2009 and at √s = 3.773 GeV from January 2010 to May 2011. By analyzing the large angle Bhabha scattering events

the integrated luminosities of the two data sets are measured to be (44.49±0.02±0.44) pb−1 and (2916.94±0.18±29.17) pb−1, respectively, where the first error is statistical and the second error is systematic.
This paper deals with the evaluation of oil-generation potential derived from the geochemical data on deep-buried Jurassic sedimentary rocks of the Nadym-Taz interfluve being part of the West Siberian petroleum basin (PB). The study provides analysis of samples from ultra-deep and deep wells that penetrated the Mesozoic-Cenozoic sedimentary cover in the north of the central part of PB (En-Yakhinsky, Evo-Yakhinsky, Yarudeysky, Tyumensky areas, etc.). The research focuses on the insoluble organic matter (OM) from Upper, Middle and Lower Jurassic sediments (54 samples). A comprehensive study of the kerogen by elemental, isotope analyses and pyrolysis Rock-Eval allowed obtaining the data critical for determining the genetic type of OM, its thermal maturity and residual petroleum generating potential. Using the Surfer and Corel Draw software, schematic maps and diagrams of variations in the most informative (i.e. area-specific and depth-dependent) geochemical parameters of the kerogen on the studied area and also down the section (from the Upper to the Lower Jurassic) were constructed and analyzed. The obtained geochemical data indicate that in the Jurassic sediments of the Nadym-Tazovsky interfluve, the highest OM generation potential is found in the Bazhenov horizon, as well as in individual members of the Malyshevsky, Leontievsky, Sharapovsky and Kiterbyutsky horizons. Based upon the level of OM maturity in the Upper and Middle Jurassic sediments, deposits of mainly oil and fat gases could be preserved, and in the Lower Jurassic – deposits of fat and dry gases.
It is known that irradiation stress induces late intracellular processes and adaptation.

In this paper, we formulate the adaptation hypothesis.On its basis, we present statistical modeling of cellular distributions on the number of chromosomal abnormalities in root meristems of pea seeds that experienced low-dose-rate irradiation, high temperatures, and aging.The modeling shows that multiple appearances of chromosomal abnormalities can be explained as a result of primary or late processes caused by DNA damage, with or without cell selection, which can be described with geometrical or Poisson distributions, respectively.The connections between the late intercellular processes (the "bystander effects") and late intracellular regulatory processes are considered.Approaches to risk estimation of chromosomal instability are investigated in plant cells and in human blood lymphocytes.Risks of instability were estimated as values of distribution parameters dependent on radiation intensity in ecology and in generations of persons who experienced radioactive fallouts from nuclear tests.

It is shown that combinations of low-dose-rate irradiation, high temperatures, and aging lead to synergistically increasing instabilities and decreasing seed survivals.We conclude that statistical model of adaptation describes intraand intercellular processes of genetic instability coupled with selection, and that the risks of these processes can be calculated as model parameters.
We identify five phases in the formation of M&A from the beginning until the newest developments when economic sanctions were imposed.The paper summarizes the results of empirical analysis of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) of Russian companies over the period 1995-2013.To capture the time series behaviour of M&A processes, we fit an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model.We further analysed co-integration of M&A processes in Russia and US, China, and Germany.The results indicate German and Chinese M&A series have a long-term influence on Russian series, while no significant causal links were evidenced in the dataset between US and Russian series.
The article analyzes Russian and Chinese legislation on the contract of sale of goods, which contains many general provisions, but there are peculiarities due to the difference between the legal systems of Russia and China. Consistently the authors compare the legal regulation of defining the purchase and sale agreement elements which are the parties to the contract, subject, price, term, form and content of the contract. The provisions of Russian and Chinese legislation on liability for non-performance or improper performance of the purchase and sale agreement are noted.
Factor V, encoded by the F5 gene, is a procoagulant blood clotting factor that increases the production of thrombin, the central enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin, which leads to the formation of a blood clot. The F5 gene is localized to 1q24.2 chromosome and consists of 25 exons. There are various mutations in the F5 gene that lead to resistance of activated protein C (APC) (elimination of the APС cleavage site in factor V and factor Va), which can lead to arterial and venous thrombosis. The aim of the present study was to analyze variants of the F5 gene in patients diagnosed with coronary atherosclerosis without acute coronary syndrome with stable functional class II–IV angina pectoris, confirmed by coronary angiography data, using the method of whole exome sequencing. Material and methods . The study was conducted in the framework of the Program of joint research work IIPM — branch of the ICG SB RAS and the FSBI «Research Institute of Circulation Pathology named after E.N. Meshalkin» Ministry of Health of Russian Federation. The study included 30 men aged 40–70 years with coronary angiography-­verified coronary atherosclerosis, without ACS, with stable angina pectoris of the II–IV FC. Patients were admitted for coronary bypass surgery, and endarteriaectomy from the coronary artery (s) was performed during the operation according to intraoperative indications. Whole exome sequencing (SureSelectXT Human All Exon v.6+UTR) was carried out on an Illumina NextSeq 500 instrument (USA). Results. In 30 patients, 29 single-­nucleotide variants were found in the F5 gene. In patients with coronary atherosclerosis, rs9332701 of the F5 gene is 3.33 times more common, and rs6027 is 1.67 times more common than in the population. And rs184663825 was found in 3.33% of cases, while its occurrence in the population is 0.05%. For variants rs6034 and rs144979314, a possible damaging effect on the protein product is shown. Conclusion . The single-­nucleotide variants rs9332701, rs6027, rs184663825, rs6034, rs144979314 of the F5 gene are of interest for inclusion in the genetic panels for the analysis of risk factors for the development of acute coronary syndrome.
In the last decade, a series of high power neutral beam injectors for plasma heating and diagnostics in magnetic fusion experiments has been developed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics.

In the injectors, the plasma emitter is produced by inductively coupled radio frequency discharge. With these emitters of different size, positive ion hydrogen and deuterium beams with energy up to 60 keV and power up to 1.6 MW can be provided. In the last few years, the negative ion sources with the RF drivers have been developed for the injector with higher energies.

This paper presents an overview of the design, parameters and performance of the developed plasma drivers.
Results of experiments and numerical modeling of gas-powder flow for laser cladding are presented.

Numerical simulation is based on solving Navier-Stokes equations with Lagrange approach for particle. The main attention is paid to the process of interaction between powder particles and nozzle walls. Simple particle-wall interaction model was suggested and verified with experiments for gas-powder jet formed in the long tubes with different diameters.

The model was used for simulation of powder transport in the coaxial nozzle for laser cladding.
Functional MRI was used to map the brains of subjects on-line during the process of media training for the acquisition and improvement of self-regulation mechanisms. The temporal and spatial dynamics of the new neural network formation were studied in real and simulated (false) biofeedback game, and their qualitative characteristics were discussed. It has been shown that immersion into a virtual competitive game, controlled by physiological responses, causes a wide involvement of the cortices, characterized by a high volume of activation in the mid-temporal, occipital and frontal areas, the cuneus and the precuneus. In both forms of media training, high values of activation volume were identified in the cerebellar structures.
The fragmentation of gas clusters of argon, nitrogen and methane during ionization by electron impact have been examined.

Clusters were formed when the gas flowed through the supersonic nozzle into the vacuum. A molecular beam was selected from the supersonic jet by the skimmer, then it reached the analyzer of the quadrupole mass spectrometer Hiden Epic 1000. The ionization of the gas was carried out in the molecular beam by the intrinsic ionizer of the detector with an electron energy of 70 eV and in the supersonic jet by an electron beam (10 keV). A comparison of mass spectra obtained by both methods with different parameters of the supersonic jet has been done.

The difference of the obtained cluster distribution has been substantiated; the disadvantages of using the classical configuration of quadrupole mass spectrometry have been analyzed. Dependences of the percentage composition of the recorded flows have been obtained. Distinctive 'magic' cluster numbers have been found.
The three-body Förster resonances 3 × n P 3/2 (| M |) → n S 1/2 + ( n + 1)S 1/2 + n P 3/2 (| M *|), controlled by a constant electric field, were realised earlier by the authors in an ensemble of several cold Rydberg Rb atoms. One of the drawbacks of such resonances for potential application in three-qubit quantum gates is the proximity of the two-body Förster resonance 2 × n P 3/2 → n S 1/2 + ( n + 1)S 1/2 , as well as the possibility of their implementation only for states with values of the principal quantum numbers n ⩽38.

A three-body resonance of a new type, 3 × n P 3/2 → n S 1/2 + ( n + 1)S 1/2 + n P 1/2 , which can be realised for arbitrary n , is proposed and analysed. Its specific feature is also that the third atom transits into a state with a different total angular momentum J = 1/2, which has no Stark structure, so that the two-body resonance is completely absent.

Numerical calculations showed that for not too strong interaction, it is possible to observe coherent three-body oscillations of the populations of collective states, which is of interest for developing new schemes of three-qubit quantum gates controlled by an electric field.
The X-ray scattering station «Plasma» at the beamline 8 at the VEPP-4M source of synchrotron radiation was developed for dynamical measurements of deformations and mechanical stresses in tungsten during pulsed heating simulating the conditions in prospective fusion reactor. The previous results demonstrated the qualitative agreement of experimental results for single-crystal tungsten with predicted ones. The article presents results of the measurements of the diffraction dynamic in the case of the crack formation and results of preliminary experiments on the measurements of dynamics of diffraction on the polycrystalline tungsten.