Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Computational analysis of gene regulatory regions is important for prediction of functions of many uncharacterized genes. With this in mind, search of the target genes for interferon (IFN) induction appears of interest. IFNs are multi-functional cytokines. Their effects are immunomodulatory, antiviral, antibacterial, and antitumor. The interaction of the IFNs with their cell surface receptors produces an activation of several transcription factors. Four regulatory factors, ISGF3, STAT1, IRF1, and NF-κB, are essential for the function of the IFN system.

The aim of this work is the development of computational approaches for the recognition of DNA binding sites for these factors and computer programs for the prediction of the IFN-inducible regions. We developed computational approaches to the recognition of the binding sites for ISGF3, STAT1, IRF1, and NF-κB. Analysis of the distribution of these binding sites demonstrated that the regions -500 upstream of the transcription start site in IFN-inducible genes are enriched in putative binding sites for these transcription factors. Based on selected combinations of the sites whose frequencies were significantly higher than in the other functional gene groups, we developed methods for the prediction of the IFN-inducible promoters and enhancers. We analyzed 1004 sequences of the IFN-inducible genes compiled using microarray data analyses and also about 10,000 human gene sequences from the EPD and RefSeq databases.

74 of 1,664 human genes annotated in EPD were significantly IFN-inducible. Analyses of several control datasets demonstrated that the developed methods have a high accuracy of prediction of the IFN-inducible genes. Application of these methods to several datasets suggested that the number of the IFN-inducible genes is approximately 1500–2000 in the human genome.
Since most probably Standard Model cannot explain large value of CP asymmetries recently observed in D-meson decays the fourth quark-lepton generation explanation of it is proposed. As a byproduct weakly mixed leptons of the fourth generation enable to save the baryon number of the Universe from erasure by sphalerons.
Circumstellar discs, from which planetary systems are formed, consist of gas, dust and solids. Simulations of self-consistent dynamics of gas, dust and solids in circumstellar discs is a challenging problem.

In the paper we present fast algorithms for computing the drag force (momentum transfer) between solid phase and gas. These algorithms (a) are universal and applicable to dust and solids with any sizes smaller than the mean free path of gas molecules, (b) can be used to calculate the momentum transfer between dust and gas instead of one-way effect, as it is done in many models, (c) can perform simulations, without a loss in accuracy, with the time step determined by gas-dynamic parameters rather than by drag force, and (d) are compatible with the widely used parallel algorithms for solving 3D equations of gas dynamics, hydrodynamic equations for dust, and the collisionless Boltzmann equation for large bodies.

Preliminary results of supercomputer simulation of the gas-dust disc dynamics within the developed approach are reported.
Time resolved measurements of Optical Nuclear Polarization (ONP) have been performed on hyperpolarized triplet states in molecular crystals created by light excitation. Transfer of the initial electron polarization to nuclear spins has been studied in the presence of radiofrequency excitation; the experiments have been performed with different pulse sequences using different doped molecular systems. The experimental results clearly demonstrate the dominant role of coherent mechanisms of spin order transfer, which manifest themselves in well pronounced oscillations. These oscillations are of two types, precessions and nutations, having characteristic frequencies, which are the same for the different molecular systems and the pulse sequences applied. Hence, precessions and nutations constitute a general feature of polarization transfer in ONP experiments. In general, coherent manipulation of spin order transfer creates a powerful resource for improving the performance of the ONP method, which paves the way to strong signal enhancement in nuclear magnetic resonance.
An in situX-ray powder diffraction study has shown that cubic modification of (NH4)2SiF6 (cryptohalite) at 0.2-0.3 GPa transforms irreversibly into a trigonal polymorph with cell parameters a = 5.78 A and c = 4.78 A, presumably the previously known bararite, space group P-3m1. The choice of a pressuretransmitting liquid (methanol/ethanol/water mixture or poly(chlortrifluorethylene) oil) has no effect on the transition. In malladrite, Na2SiF6, no obvious phase transitions were observed, at least at pressures below 6 GPa, although some remarkable kinks in the Dc/c(P) and DV/V(P) were measured at about 3.5 GPa.

The anisotropy of lattice strain in the highpressure phase of (NH4)2SiF6 was measured up to 6 GPa and compared with that in the trigonal Na2SiF6. The pressure-induced changes in the packing of (SiF6) 2anions were analyzed, the changes in the IR-spectra of (SiF6) 2ions induced by increasing pressure and on decompression were measured and compared for trigonal (NH4)2SiF6 and Na2SiF6.

Acknowledgments: Financial support has been obtained from DRL, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and DLR.
Studies of low‐frequency earthquakes (LFEs) have focused on detecting events within previously identified tectonic tremor. However, the principal LFE detection tools of matched‐filter searches are intrinsically incapable of detecting events that have not already been characterized previously as a template event. In this study, we therefore focus on generating the largest number possible of LFE templates by uniformly applying a recently developed LFE template detection method to a 2.5 yearlong data set in Guerrero, Mexico. Using each of the detected templates in a matched‐filter search, we then form event families that each represents a single source. We finally develop simple, empirical statistics to select the event families that represent LFEs. Our resulting catalog contains 1120 unique LFE sources and a total of 1,849,486 detected LFEs over the 2.5 yearlong data set. The locations of the LFE sources are then divided into subcatalogs based on their distance from the subduction trench. Considering each LFE as a small unit of slip along the subduction interface, we observe discrete episodes of LFE activity in the region associated with large slow‐slip events; this is in direct contrast to the near‐continuous activity observed 35 km farther downdip within the previously identified LFE/tremor sweet spot.
SNPs in ТАТА boxes are the cause of monogenic diseases, contribute to a large number of complex diseases, and have implications for human sensitivity to external and internal environmental signals. The aim of this work was to explore the kinetic characteristics of the formation of human ТВР complexes with ТАТА boxes, in which the SNPs are associated with β‑thalassemias of diverse severity, immunosuppression, neurological disorders, and so on. It has for the first time been demonstrated, using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, that TBP interacts with SNP-containing ТАТА boxes with a significant (8–36-fold) decrease in TBP/ТАТА association rate constant (ka) as compared with that in healthy people, a smaller decrease in dissociation rate constant (kd) and changes in the half-lives of TBP/ТАТА complexes. Carriers of the −24G allele (rs 1800202T>G) in the TATA box of the triosephosphate isomerase gene promoter, associated with neurological and muscular disorders, were observed to have a 36-fold decrease in TBP/TATA association rate constant that are consistent with TPI deficiency shown for patients who carry this defective allele. The kinetic characteristics of TBP/ТАТА complexes obtained suggest that, at a molecular level, hereditary diseases are largely caused by changes in TBP/ТАТА association rates and these changes have a bearing on disease severity.
Exclusive measurements of the quasi-free $pp \to pp\pi^+\pi^-$ reaction have been performed by means of $pd$ collisions at $T_p$ = 1.2 GeV using the WASA detector setup at COSY. Total and differential cross sections have been obtained covering the energy region $T_p = 1.08 - 1.36$ GeV ($\sqrt s$ = 2.35 - 2.46 GeV), which includes the regions of $N^*(1440)$ and $\Delta(1232)\Delta(1232)$ resonance excitations. Calculations describing these excitations by $t$-channel meson exchange are at variance with experimental differential cross sections and underpredict substantially the measured total cross section. An isotensor $\Delta N$ dibaryon resonance with $I(J^P) = 2(1^+)$ produced associatedly with a pion is able to overcome these deficiencies. Such a dibaryon was predicted by Dyson and Xuong and more recently calculated by Gal and Garcilazo.
The acousto-optic (AO) diffraction of terahertz (THz) radiation in liquefied sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) was investigated in various temperature regimes.

It was found that with the increase in the temperature from +10 to +23 °C, the efficiency of the AO diffraction became one order higher at the same amplitude of the driving electrical signal.

At the same time, the efficiency of the AO diffraction per 1 W of the sound power as well as the angular bandwidth of the efficient AO interaction were temperature independent within the measurement error. Increase of the resonant sound frequency with decreasing temperature and strong narrowing of the sound frequency bandwidth of the efficient AO interaction were detected.
The cross section of the process e+e−→3(π+π−) has been measured using a data sample of 22pb−1 collected with the CMD-3 detector at the VEPP-2000 e+e− collider. 7956 signal events are selected in the center-of-mass energy range 1.5–2.0 GeV. The measured cross section exhibits a sharp drop near the pp¯ threshold. A first study of dynamics of six-pion production has been performed.
The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is globally expanding and has become the main vector for human arboviruses in Europe.

Here we present AalbF2, a dramatically improved assembly of the Ae. albopictus genome that has revealed widespread viral insertions, novel microRNAs and piRNA clusters, the sex determining locus, new immunity genes, and has enabled genome-wide studies of geographically diverse Ae. albopictus populations and analyses of the developmental and stage-dependent network of expression data. Additionally, we built the first physical map for this species with 75% of the assembled genome anchored to the chromosomes.

These up-to-date resources of the genome provide a foundation to improve understanding of the adaptation potential and the epidemiological relevance of this species and foster the development of innovative control measures.
Monohydrate sulfate kieserites (M 2+SO4·H2O) and their solid solutions are essential constituents on the surface of Mars and most likely also on Galilean icy moons in our solar system.

Phase stabilities of end-member representatives (M 2+ = Mg, Fe, Co, Ni) have been examined crystallographically using single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 1 bar and temperatures down to 15 K, by means of applying open He cryojet techniques at in-house laboratory instrumentation.

All four representative phases show a comparable, highly anisotropic thermal expansion behavior with a remarkable negative thermal expansion along the monoclinic b axis and a pronounced anisotropic expansion perpendicular to it. The lattice changes down to 15 K correspond to an 'inverse thermal pressure' of approximately 0.7 GPa, which is far below the critical pressures of transition under hydro-static compression (Pc ≥ 2.40 GPa). Consequently, no equivalent structural phase transition was observed for any compound, and neither dehydration nor rearrangements of the hydrogen bonding schemes have been observed. The M 2+SO4·H2O (M 2+ = Mg, Fe, Co, Ni) end-member phases preserve the kieserite-type C2/c symmetry; hydrogen bonds and other structural details were found to vary smoothly down to the lowest experimental temperature. These findings serve as an important basis for the assignment of sulfate-related signals in remote-sensing data obtained from orbiters at celestial bodies, as well as for thermodynamic considerations and modeling of properties of kieserite-type sulfate monohydrates relevant to extraterrestrial sulfate associations at very low temperatures.
The cooling of microelectronic equipment is currently one of the most difficult problems of thermal physics. To achieve high heat fluxes and reduce the volume of liquid used, the technological solution looks especially promising, where heat is transferred from the fuel element to a thin, intensely evaporating film of liquid moving under the action of friction of a forced gas flow in a mini-or micro-channel. In recent works, the study of heat losses and determination of the true heat flux in experiments with an intensely evaporating liquid film moving under the action of a gas flow in a mini-channel was carried out.

In this paper, the task is to verify the method for determining heat losses. Heat transfer in the convective flow regime is investigated.

The experimental and calculated Nusselt numbers in convection experiments with complete channel flooding are in good agreement. In addition, the experimental and calculated Nusselt numbers for film flows are in good agreement. This indicates the correctness of the method for determining heat flux and heat losses in previous studies.
Ghrelin, a peptide hormone mostly produced by stomach, plays an important role in regulation of feeding behavior, energy balance and glucose homeostasis.

to determine the relationships between fasting serum levels of ghrelin, body composition, adipose tissue endocrine function and glucose variability (GV) in type 2 diabetic subjects with and without obesity.We observed 124 individuals with type 2 diabetes, including 42 non - obese subjects and 82 patients with obesity. Thirty non - obese healthy subjects were acted as control. The concentrations of ghrelin, leptin, resistin, and visfatin in the fasting serum were determined by Multiplex analysis. Body composition was assessed with DEXA. The 24-hour and nocturnal GV parameters were derived from continuous glucose monitoring.

Ghrelin levels in patients with diabetes were decreased significantly as compared to control (p.
The paper features the correlation between the concepts of mechanism and method of legal regulation in the context of entrepreneurial activity. The research objective was to determine the features and prospects of the development of the mechanism of legal regulation in business sphere. The research was based on the General scientific dialectical method and such private scientific methods as comparative, historical, logical, and modeling. The paper describes separate elements of the mechanism of legal regulation that structure certain public relations. The authors analyzed opinions of legal scholars on the mechanism and method of legal regulation. The mechanism and the method of legal regulation proved to be non-identical concepts. In contrast to the method of legal regulation, which means a set of techniques and methods by which certain social relations are regulated, the mechanism of legal regulation reflects a certain technology of legal regulation. In addition, it ensures the functioning of both the system of law as a whole and its individual branches and institutions. This study can serve as a basis for a further analysis of the mechanism of legal regulation to determine its effectiveness in relation to business regulation.
With help of panel data, the paper establishes the relationship between the development of renewable energy and (1) the prices of fossil energy, (2) hydrocarbons production to consumption ratio, (3) corruption index and (4) country technological development factor.

All observed factors have shown significant influence on renewable energy consumption. Was received 1% change of price for hydrocarbons causes 1.05% change of RES consumption.

In the context of cheap fossil energy resources, fundamental technological restructuring of renewable energy will be required to improve its competitiveness.
The earliest art of Western Europe was evolving together with the Homo sapiens population of hunter-gatherers in the glacial environment of the northern hemisphere over the entire Upper Paleolithic (36–13 ka BP). The most important rock art sites, such as Altamira and La Garma in Spain, and Lascaux, Niaux, Cussac, and Chauvet in France, are relevant to the socio-cultural behavior and needs of anatomically modern humans. In this paper, we intend to identify certain changes in the symbolic language, in the ways animals are rendered, and in the layout of artistic space over 15,000 years separating the two key rock art galleries with the best preserved representations: Chauvet (36 ka BP) and Lascaux (21 ka BP). Chauvet, discovered in 1994, is located in the Ardèche Valley near the Mediterranean coast. In this large cave, numerous new kinds of Upper Paleolithic rock art were documented, spanning two distinct occupation periods between 37,000–30,000 years ago. The early stage is the Aurignacian with black zoomorphic paintings, dating to 37,000–33,500 BP. Lascaux, discovered in 1940, is situated in the Vézère Valley, 120 km away from the Atlantic coast, among a large cluster of rupestral art sites in caves and rock shelters. Today, the cave is closed for the public because intense tourist activities over many years from its discovery until 1963 have disrupted the microclimate of the cave and endangered the paintings.
We perform Large-eddy simulations (LES) of the turbulent flow in a channel with isothermal heated walls with the temperature ratio equal to 2. The variable properties of the fluid are accounted for by using the low Mach number approximation. The Reynolds number based on the bulk velocity, half-width of the channel, density and dynamic viscosity near the cold wall is 6800. We study the effect of spatial resolution on the accuracy of Large-eddy simulations with dynamic Smagorinsky model. The very good agreement of LES results is shown even for the coarse meshes which is attributed to the high accuracy of the spectral method.
The paper by Alina E. Dresvyannikova et al. [8] (this issue) opens the journal issue by presenting research on one of the most important agricultural species -bread wheat.Leaves of related species have a unique morphological feature: they consist of a proximal sheath and a distal blade separated by a ligular region.The authors characterized an induced liguleless mutant (LM) of Aegi-lopstauschiiCoss., a donor of genome D of bread wheat Triticumaestivum L. Liguleless variants have an upright leaf blade that wraps around the culm.Research on liguleless mutants of maize and other cereals has led to identification of genes that are involved in leaf patterning and differentiation.Dresvyannikova and co-authors report characterization of a ligulelessAe.tauschii mutant, whose phenotype is under control of a dominant mutation of Lgt.
Lung cancer is an urgent medical and social problem. The high resistance of lung cancer to chemotherapy necessitates the search for new drugs and therapeutic strategies. One of the promising approaches is the selective suppression of the activity of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) which plays a key role in removing DNA damage caused by chemotherapy. Earlier, in vitro experiments showed that the compound OL9-119, derived from usnic acid, was the most potent inhibitor of Tdp1 known. The drug was well tolerated when administered orally and increased the effect of antitumor drug topotecan. In the present work, a method for the quantitative determination of OL9-119 in rat plasma by HPLC-MS/MS was developed and validated. The results of all validation tests (selectivity, linearity, accuracy and precision, carry-over) fully comply with the acceptance criteria of international regulatory documents. Pharmacokinetics study of the agent showed that when it was administrated intravenously as well as intraperitoneally, its maximum concentration in blood reached in about 30 minutes and was about 3 μg/ml providing sufficient amount of the agent for exerting its activity.
The standards on out-of-court private bankruptcy were introduced on 01.09.2020, and they follow-up the rules on citizens’ bankruptcy who do not have a self-employed status, which is working in Russia since 01.10.2015. The latter, despite their popularity, have several disadvantages, because it is difficult and rather expensive for citizens. This is the main reason for introducing the institution of out-of-court private bankruptcy applied in administrative proceedings. The article focuses on the foreign experience of applying similar procedures. It is impossible to conclude that Russian legislators have fully received the experience of one country, but it is possible to admit a great similarity with New Zealand legislation. Summarizing the economists’ research allows the authors to predict the popularity of out-of-court debt relief, which is caused by deterioration in the financial position of the majority of the Russian population and popularity of many loans. The catalyst was the economic changes caused by COVID-19. The article comments on the conditions of private bankruptcy without recourse to legal proceedings and concludes that the norms of the Russian law on out-of-court private bankruptcy are clearly for a bank loan holder's sake. The study of the legislation reveals positive features and gaps that can complicate legal precedents and require the law readjustment. Based on the data put out in the open, the authors observe the first experience of accepting and considering citizens’ applications for initiating out-of-court bankruptcy procedures by Multiuse Centers for providing state and municipal services (MUC) and identify issues affecting creditors’ rights.
The liquid bridge rupture confined between two glass plates is experimentally investigated. High–resolution shadow technique is used for video registration. Critical bridge diameters and distance between glass plates are found.
Nitrogen-rich porous materials have outstanding gas sorption and separation capacity. Using cage amines in the synthesis of metal–organic frameworks is a simple approach for generating the free nitrogen donor centers within the channels of porous materials without the post-synthetic modification.

1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane has a linear arrangement of nitrogen centers and can be used as a linear linker for the design of porous MOF materials. Urotropine has four nitrogen atoms and can act as a tetrahedral four-connected, pyramidal three-connected or bent two-connected linker. Such a diversity of coordination possibilities enriches the structural chemistry of MOFs and allows obtaining the frameworks with unique secondary building units and topology.

The presence of cage amines in the structure affects the sorption characteristics of the materials. They demonstrate high selectivity to CO 2 and can participate as a heterogeneous base catalyst in the organic reactions. Besides that the cage-amine based metal–organic frameworks demonstrate photoluminescent properties and can be used as nanoreactors for photochemical transformations. These compounds are also an important object of thermodynamic studies helping us better understand the nature of host–guest interaction in the supramolecular systems.