Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
A search is presented for the decay Υ(1S)→γA0, A0→c¯c, where A0 is a candidate for the CP-odd Higgs boson of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model. The search is based on data collected with the BABAR detector at the Υ(2S) resonance. A sample of Υ(1S) mesons is selected via the decay Υ(2S)→π+π−Υ(1S). The A0→c¯c decay is identified through the reconstruction of hadronic D0, D+, and D∗(2010)+ meson decays. No significant signal is observed. The measured 90% confidence-level upper limits on the product branching fraction B(Υ(1S)→γA0)×B(A0→c¯c) range from 7.4×10−5 to 2.4×10−3 for A0 masses from 4.00 to 8.95 GeV/c2 and 9.10 to 9.25 GeV/c2, where the region between 8.95 and 9.10 GeV/c2 is excluded because of background from Υ(2S)→γχbJ(1P), χbJ(1P)→γΥ(1S) decays.Received 23 February 2015DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.91.071102© 2015 American Physical Society
Оценка влияния крупных инфраструктурных проектов на развитие регионов (на примере проекта ВСТО) О
This paper is devoted to the determination of the transport characteristics of a granular medium in an adsorber using examples of hollow glass microspheres or a composite sorbent on their basis. To carry out this research, a special experimental stand has been prepared for the determination of transport characteristicsof various media for various gases at given pressure and temperature values inside the adsorber. The technique of experiments and processing experimental data for the purpose of determining the coefficient of helium permeability for the investigated type of hollow microspherical membranes has been worked out. There were obtained the gas permeability of the granular medium, the propagation velocity of the pressure wave in a granular medium, and filling time with the working gas of the adsorber containing microspheres of type MS-V-2L, MS-VP, MS-VP-A9 or the composite sorbent based on microspheres MS-VP-A9.
This work concerns the process of deceleration of supersonic flow up to the transonic velocities in the channel. This process is connected with the problem of combustion organizing of fuels in the various ramjet engines.

The influence of mode of energy supply and the type of channel geometry (axisymmetric or planar channel) is studied as well as the other factors.

The similarity of gas dynamic structure formed under hydrogen burning and under pulse periodic energy supply is studied.
Electron beam treatment is used for food processing for decades to prevent or minimize food losses and prolong storage time. This process is also named cold pasteurization. Mixed feed ingredients supplied in Russia regularly occur to be contaminated. To reduce contamination level the contaminated mixed feed ingredients samples were treated by electron beam with doses from 2 to 12 kGy. The contamination levels were decreased to the level that ensuring storage time up to 1 year.
Filling the ``terahertz gap'' is a prime technological goal. In this study, a quantum point contact (QPC) operating in the tunneling regime changes its conductivity by more than two orders of magnitude in response to rather weak THz light. This change, caused by photon-assisted tunneling, shows that QPCs under these conditions are good candidates for detectors of THz and microwave radiation. Such detector elements do not require antennas, are small, and are easily fabricated by planar technology, and thus can be handily integrated into optoelectronic circuitry.
This paper investigates the growth dynamics of a vapor-gas bubble pressed against a heating plate by the buoyancy force. The shadow method was used to capture images, which were then automatically processed to calculate the size of the bubble. As expected, the bubble dynamics significantly depends on the heating power. It was found that the ratio of bubble diameter to bubble height increases as it grows.
The article presents new content areas in the traditional work program for the course of physics in the preparation of technical specialties in universities. The majority of physical education in the system of technical education and the systemic role of the physics course in the structure of technical training are noted. A number of problems and vulnerabilities in the practice of teaching physics were analyzed. The necessity of preserving the integrity of the logical structure of the physics course in the system of technical education, regardless of the direction of training, is noted. The article substantiates the inclusion of a complex of methodological knowledge in the traditional work program in physics, which forms ideas about the complex nature of the physical picture of the world. The structure of this complex is proposed. It is shown that the structure of the physical picture of the world can be represented in the form of two interrelated blocks: the scientific paradigm and scientific knowledge. The multi-level content of each block is revealed, corresponding to the logic of the development of scientific knowledge. A comparative analysis of the proposed approach to the formation of the course content is carried out. The article develops the structure and defines the content of the methodological educational complex of physical science, proposed for inclusion in the content of the physics course for the specialties of the technical bachelor's degree.
An analysis of $B^+	o K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 \pi^+$ and $B^+	o K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 K^+$ decays is performed with the LHCb experiment. The $pp$ collision data used correspond to integrated luminosities of $1{\,fb}^{-1}$ and $2{\,fb}^{-1}$ collected at centre-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}=7\mathrm{\,Te\kern -0.1em V}$ and $\sqrt{s}=8\mathrm{\,Te\kern -0.1em V}$, respectively.

The ratio of branching fractions and the direct {\it CP} asymmetries are measured

$\mathcal{B}(B^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 K^+)/\mathcal{B}(B^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 \pi^+) = 0.064 \pm 0.009\textrm{(stat.)} \pm 0.004\textrm{(syst.)}$, $\mathcal{A}^{\it CP}(B^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 \pi^+) = -0.022 \pm 0.025\textrm{(stat.)} \pm 0.010\textrm{(syst.)}$ and $\mathcal{A}^{\it CP}(B^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 K^+) = -0.21 \pm 0.14\textrm{(stat.)} \pm 0.01\textrm{(syst.)}$. The data sample taken at $\sqrt{s}=7\mathrm{\,Te\kern -0.1em V}$ is used to search for $B_c^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 K^+$ decays and results in the upper limit $(f_c\cdot\mathcal{B}(B_c^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 K^+))/(f_u\cdot\mathcal{B}(B^+ \to K_{\rm \scriptscriptstyle S}^0 \pi^+)) < 5.8\times10^{-2}\textrm{at 90% confidence level}$, where $f_c$ and $f_u$ denote the hadronisation fractions of a $\bar{b}$ quark into a $B_c^+$ or a $B^+$ meson, respectively.
We use the terms, knot product and local-move, as defined in the text of this paper. Let [Formula: see text] be an integer [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be the set of simple spherical [Formula: see text]-knots in [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be an integer [Formula: see text]. We prove that the map [Formula: see text] is bijective, where [Formula: see text]Hopf, and Hopf denotes the Hopf link.

Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be 1-links in [Formula: see text]. Suppose that [Formula: see text] is obtained from [Formula: see text] by a single pass-move, which is a local-move on 1-links. Let [Formula: see text] be a positive integer. Let [Formula: see text] denote the knot product [Formula: see text]. We prove the following: The [Formula: see text]-dimensional submanifold [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] is obtained from [Formula: see text] by a single [Formula: see text]-pass-move, which is a local-move on [Formula: see text]-submanifolds contained in [Formula: see text]. See the body of this paper for the definitions of all local-moves in this abstract.

We prove the following: Let [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] be positive integers. If the [Formula: see text] torus link is pass-move-equivalent to the [Formula: see text] torus link, then the Brieskorn manifolds, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], are diffeomorphic as abstract manifolds. Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be (not necessarily connected or spherical) 2-dimensional closed oriented submanifolds in [Formula: see text]. Suppose that [Formula: see text] is obtained from [Formula: see text] by a single ribbon-move, which is a local-move on 2-dimensional submanifolds contained in [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be an integer [Formula: see text]. We prove the following: The [Formula: see text]-submanifold [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] is obtained from [Formula: see text] by a single [Formula: see text]-pass-move, which is a local-move on [Formula: see text]-dimensional submanifolds contained in [Formula: see text].
A finite group G is called a DCI-group if two Cayley digraphs over G are isomorphic if and only if their connection sets are conjugate by a group automorphism.

We prove that the group C 2 5 × C p , where p is a prime, is a DCI-group if and only if p ≠ 2 .

Together with the previously obtained results, this implies that a group G of order 32 p , where p is a prime, is a DCI-group if and only if p ≠ 2 and G ≅ C 2 5 × C p .
Sub-Doppler spectroscopy in alkali-metal vapor cells using two counterpropagating dual-frequency laser beams allows the detection of high-contrast sign-reversed natural-linewidth sub-Doppler resonances. Previously, a qualitative theory based on a simplified \ensuremath{\Lambda}-scheme model has been reported to explain underlying physics of this phenomenon. In this paper, an extended theoretical model of dual-frequency sub-Doppler spectroscopy (DFSDS) for the Cs ${D}_{1}$ line is reported. Taking into account the real atomic energy structure, main relaxation processes, and various nonlinear effects, this model describes quantitatively the respective contributions of involved physical processes and predicts main properties (height and linewidth) of the sub-Doppler resonances. Experimental tests are performed with a Cs vapor microfabricated cell and results are found to be in correct agreement with theoretical predictions. Spatial oscillations of the sub-Doppler resonance amplitude with translation of the reflection mirror are highlighted. A beat note between two laser systems, including one stabilized with DFSDS on a Cs vapor microcell, yields a fractional frequency stability of $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\ensuremath{\tau}}^{\ensuremath{-}1/2}$ until 10-s averaging time. These results demonstrate that DFSDS could be an interesting approach for the development of a high-performance microcell-based optical frequency reference, with applications in various compact quantum devices.
S2 cells are one of the most widely used Drosophila melanogaster cell lines for molecular dissection of mitosis using RNA interference (RNAi). However, a detailed and complete description of S2 cell mitosis at the ultrastructural level is still missing.

Here, we analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) a random sample of 144 cells undergoing mitosis, focusing on intracellular membrane and microtubule (MT) behavior.

This unbiased approach allowed us to discover that S2 cells exhibit a characteristic behavior of intracellular membranes, involving the formation of a quadruple nuclear membrane in early prometaphase and its disassembly during late prometaphase. After nuclear envelope disassembly, the mitotic apparatus becomes encased by a discontinuous network of ER membranes that associate with mitochondria preventing their diffusion into the spindle area. We also observed a peculiar metaphase spindle organization. We found that kinetochores with attached k-fibers are almost invariably associated with lateral MT bundles that can be either interpolar bundles or k-fibers connected to a different kinetochore. This spindle organization is likely to favor chromosome alignment at metaphase and subsequent segregation during anaphase. In summary, we describe several previously unknown features of membrane and microtubule organization during S2 cell mitosis. The genetic determinants of these mitotic features of can now be investigated using an RNAi-based approach, which is particularly easy and efficient in S2 cells
Biological processes are usually distributed over various intracellular compartments. Proteins from diverse cellular compartments are often involved in similar signaling networks. However, the difference in the reaction rates between similar proteins among different compartments is usually quite high.

We suggest that the estimation of frequency of intracompartmental as well as intercompartmental protein-protein interactions is an appropriate approach to predict the efficiency of a pathway. Using data from the databases STRING, ANDSystem, IntAct and UniProt, a PPI frequency matrix of intra/inter-compartmental interactions efficiencies was constructed. This matrix included 15 human-specific cellular compartments. An approach for estimating pathway efficiency using the matrix of intra/inter-compartmental PPI frequency, based on analysis of reactions efficiencies distribution was suggested. An investigation of KEGG pathway efficiencies was conducted using the developed method.

The clusterization and the ranking of KEGG pathways based on their efficiency were performed. 'Amino acid metabolism' and 'Genetic information processing' revealed the highest efficiencies among other functional classes of KEGG pathways. 'Nervous system' and 'Signaling molecules interaction' contained the most inefficient pathways. Statistically significant differences were found between efficiencies of KEGG and randomly-generated pathways. Based on these observations, the validity of this approach was discussed. The estimation of efficiency of signaling networks is a complicated task because of the need for the data on the kinetic reactions. However, the proposed method does not require such data and can be used for preliminary analysis of different protein networks.
This article is devoted to the reform of the Russian bar, namely – the possibility of legislative consolidation of the 'lawyer monopoly' for the provision of qualified legal assistance to all subjects of the private and public sphere. The emphasis is supposed to be made on the analysis of the international legal reality that has developed in various legal systems regarding the status of the bar

proposals for the improvement of domestic legislation and the debate of supporters and opponents of the proposed reform aimed at the introduction of the lawyer monopoly in the Russian Federation

the possibility of the emergence of the law business
A new normal-conducting, CW, thermocathode RF gun has been developed and tested recently at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. Providing an average current of up to 100 mA, this device will be used to upgrade the injector of the Novosibirsk FEL facility. Simulation of beam dynamics in the RF gun and its beamline was performed, the space-charge forces taken into account. Comparison of the simulation results and experimental measurements is presented in this paper.
Morphological remodeling of dendritic spines is critically involved in memory formation and depends on adhesion molecules. Serotonin receptors are also implicated in this remodeling, though the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. Here, we uncovered a signaling pathway involving the adhesion molecule L1CAM (L1) and serotonin receptor 5-HT4 (5-HT4R, encoded by HTR4). Using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) imaging, we demonstrated a physical interaction between 5-HT4R and L1, and found that 5-HT4R-L1 heterodimerization facilitates mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in a Gs-dependent manner. We also found that 5-HT4R-L1-mediated signaling is involved in G13-dependent modulation of cofilin-1 activity. In hippocampal neurons in vitro, the 5-HT4R-L1 pathway triggers maturation of dendritic spines. Thus, the 5-HT4R-L1 signaling module represents a previously unknown molecular pathway regulating synaptic remodeling.
This article examines evidence for elevations in basal metabolic rate (BMR) among indigenous Northern (circumpolar) populations and considers potential mechanisms and the adaptive basis for such elevations.

Data on BMR among indigenous (n = 109 males; 122 females) and nonindigenous (n = 15 males; 22 females) circumpolar groups of North America and Siberia are compiled and compared to predicted BMRs based on three different references: body surface area (Consolazio et al., 1963), body mass (Schofield, 1985), and fat-free mass (Poehlman and Toth, 1995).

Regardless of which reference is used, indigenous circumpolar groups show systematic and statistically significant elevations in BMR ranging from +7% to +19% above predicted values for indigenous men and from +3 to +17% for indigenous women. Nonindigenous males also show elevations in BMR, although not to the same extent as in indigenous men (deviations = +3 to +14%), whereas nonindigenous females show no clear evidence of elevated BMRs (deviations = -7 to +5%). This pattern of variation between indigenous and nonindigenous groups suggests that both functional and genetic factors play a role in metabolic adaptation to northern climes. Recent studies on the ecology and genetics of thyroid function offer insights into the mechanisms through which indigenous circumpolar populations may regulate metabolic rates. Studies of seasonal variation in thyroid hormone levels suggest that indigenous circumpolar populations may have a greater capacity to elevate BMR during severe cold than nonindigenous groups. Recent twin studies indicate a significant genetic component of thyroid responses to environmental stressors. Further research exploring the genetics of seasonal variation in thyroid function and BMR among circumpolar groups would advance understanding of the role that selection may have played in shaping metabolic variation.
We study fermion-boson transitions.

Our approach is based on the 3 × 3 subequations of Dirac and Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equations, which link these equations. We demonstrate that free Dirac equation can be invertibly converted to spin-0 Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation in the presence of a neutrino field. We also show that in special external fields, upon assuming again existence of a neutrino (Weyl) spinor, the Dirac equation can be transformed reversibly to spin-0 Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation.

We argue that such boson-fermions transitions are consistent with the main channel of pion decay.
<p>The mole fraction profiles of major flame species and intermediates including PAH precursors are measured in an atmospheric premixed burner-stabilized fuel-rich (<em>φ</em> = 1.75) <em>n</em>-heptane/toluene/O<sub>2</sub>/Ar flame (<em>n</em>-heptane/toluene ratio is 7:3 by liquid volume). These data are simulated with a detailed, extensively validated chemical kinetic reaction mechanism for combustion of <em>n</em>-heptane/toluene mixture, involving the reactions of PAH formation. The mechanism is extended with cross reactions for <em>n</em>-heptane and toluene derivatives. A satisfactory agreement between the new experimental data on the structure of <em>n</em>-heptane/toluene flame and the numerical simulations is observed. The mechanism reported can be successfully used in the models of practical fuel surrogates for reproducing the formation of soot precursors. The analysis of the reaction pathways shows that in the flame of the <em>n</em>-heptane/toluene blend (7:3 liquid volume ratio) the reactions dominant for the formation of the first aromatic ring (benzene and phenyl) are as those typical for pure toluene flames. The discrepancies between the measured and calculated species mole fractions are detected as well. The steps for the mechanism improvements are determined on the basis of the sensitivity analysis performed. To our knowledge, the measurements of mole fraction profiles of PAH and intermediates reported here, are the first of its kind and represent an unique data set extremely important for validation of chemical kinetic mechanisms for combustion of practical fuels.</p><p> </p>
Background In population ecology, the concept of reproductive potential denotes the most vital indicator of chances to produce and sustain a healthy descendant until his/her reproductive maturity under the best conditions. This concept links quality of life and longevity of an individual with disease susceptibilities encoded by his/her genome. Female reproductive potential has been investigated deeply, widely, and comprehensively in the past, but the male one has not received an equal amount of attention.

Therefore, here we focused on the human Y chromosome and found candidate single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers of male reproductive potential. Results Examining in silico (i.e., using our earlier created Web-service SNP_TATA_Z-tester) all 1206 unannotated SNPs within 70 bp proximal promoters of all 63 Y-linked genes, we found 261 possible male-reproductive-potential SNP markers that can significantly alter the binding affinity of TATA-binding protein (TBP) for these promoters. Among them, there are candidate SNP markers of spermatogenesis disorders (e.g., rs1402972626), pediatric cancer (e.g., rs1483581212) as well as male anxiety damaging family relationships and mother’s and children’s health (e.g., rs187456378). First of all, we selectively verified in vitro both absolute and relative values of the analyzed TBP–promoter affinity, whose Pearson’s coefficients of correlation between predicted and measured values were r = 0.84 (significance p < 0.025) and r = 0.98 (p < 0.025), respectively. Next, we found that there are twofold fewer candidate SNP markers decreasing TBP–promoter affinity relative to those increasing it, whereas in the genome-wide norm, SNP-induced damage to TBP–promoter complexes is fourfold more frequent than SNP-induced improvement ( p < 0.05, binomial distribution). This means natural selection against underexpression of these genes. Meanwhile, the numbers of candidate SNP markers of an increase and decrease in male reproductive potential were indistinguishably equal to each other ( p < 0.05) as if male self-domestication could have happened, with its experimentally known disruptive natural selection. Because there is still not enough scientific evidence that this could have happened, we discuss the human diseases associated with candidate SNP markers of male reproductive potential that may correspond to domestication-related disorders in pets.

Conclusions Overall, our findings seem to support a self-domestication syndrome with disruptive natural selection by male reproductive potential preventing Y-linked underexpression of a protein.
The aim was to investigate behavioral reactions and event-related potential (ERP) responses in healthy participants under conditions of personalized attribution of emotional appraisal vocabulary to one-self or to other people.

One hundred and fifty emotionally neutral, positive and negative words describing people’s traits were used. Subjects were asked to attribute each word to four types of people: one-self, loved, unpleasant and neutral person. The reaction time during adjectives attribution to one-self and a loved person was shorter than during adjectives attribution to neutral and unpleasant people. Self-related adjectives induced higher amplitudes of the N400 ERP peak in the medial cortical areas in comparison with adjectives related to other people. The amplitude of P300 and P600 depended on the emotional valence of assessments, but not on the personalized attribution. The interaction between the attribution effect and the effect of emotional valence of assessments was observed for the N400 peak in the left temporal area. The maximal amplitude of N400 was revealed under self-attributing of emotionally positive adjectives.

Our results supported the hypothesis that the emotional valence of assessments and the processing of information about one-self or others were related to the brain processes that differ from each other in a cortical localization or time dynamics.