Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The TaHOX-1 gene of common wheat Triticum aestivum L. (BAD-genome) encodes transcription factor (HD-Zip I) which is characterized by the presence of a DNA-binding homeodomain (HD) with an adjacent Leucine zipper (LZ) motif. This gene can play a role in adapting plant to a variety of abiotic stresses, such as drought, cold, salinity etc., which strongly affect wheat production. However, it's both functional role in stress resistance and divergence during wheat evolution has not yet been elucidated. This data in brief article is associated with the research paper "Structural and functional divergence of homoeologous copies of the TaHOX-1 gene in polyploid wheats and their diploid ancestors". The data set represents a recent survey of the primary HOX-1 gene sequences isolated from the first wheat allotetraploids (BA-genome) and their corresponding Triticum and Aegilops diploid relatives. Specifically, we provide detailed information about the HOX-1 nucleotide sequences of the promoter region and both nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the gene. The sequencing data used here is available at DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession numbers MG000630-MG000698.
The role of TRP ion channels in the physiological processes is far from clear. In this work we studied the effect of the activation of the peripheral TRPM8 ion channel by its agonist menthol on the cardiovascular parameters in normotensive and hypertensive rats when animals were coming out of anesthesia. The role of the TRPM8 ion channel in the regulation of blood pressure was clearly seen in normotensive animals: Activation of this channel by application of 1% menthol (agonist of TRPM8 ion channel) to skin significantly accelerated the increase in blood pressure and recovery of heart rate when animals come out of anesthesia. The mean rate of pressure rise increased 3 times under the menthol.
We present the results of a search for the radiative decay $B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}K{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ and find evidence for ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ decays at the 3.3 standard deviation level with a partial branching fraction of $(3.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$, where the first error is statistical and the second systematic.

This measurement is restricted to the region of combined $K{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ invariant mass less than $3.4\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$. A 90% confidence level upper limit of $6.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ is obtained for the partial branching fraction of the decay ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{0}{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ in the same $K{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ invariant mass region.

These results are obtained from a $605\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ data sample containing $657\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}B\overline{B}$ pairs collected at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider.
Nucleosomal DNA is thought to be generally inaccessible to DNA-binding factors, such as micrococcal nuclease (MNase).

Here, we digest Drosophila chromatin with high and low concentrations of MNase to reveal two distinct nucleosome types: MNase-sensitive and MNase-resistant. MNase-resistant nucleosomes assemble on sequences depleted of A/T and enriched in G/C-containing dinucleotides, whereas MNase-sensitive nucleosomes form on A/T-rich sequences found at transcription start and termination sites, enhancers and DNase I hypersensitive sites. Estimates of nucleosome formation energies indicate that MNase-sensitive nucleosomes tend to be less stable than MNase-resistant ones. Strikingly, a decrease in cell growth temperature of about 10°C makes MNase-sensitive nucleosomes less accessible, suggesting that observed variations in MNase sensitivity are related to either thermal fluctuations of chromatin fibers or the activity of enzymatic machinery.

In the vicinity of active genes and DNase I hypersensitive sites nucleosomes are organized into periodic arrays, likely due to 'phasing' off potential barriers formed by DNA-bound factors or by nucleosomes anchored to their positions through external interactions. The latter idea is substantiated by our biophysical model of nucleosome positioning and energetics, which predicts that nucleosomes immediately downstream of transcription start sites are anchored and recapitulates nucleosome phasing at active genes significantly better than sequence-dependent models.
There are strong genetic components to cardiorespiratory fitness and its response to exercise training. It would be useful to understand the differences in the genomic profile of highly trained endurance athletes of world class caliber and sedentary controls.

An international consortium (GAMES) was established in order to compare elite endurance athletes and ethnicity-matched controls in a case-control study design. Genome-wide association studies were undertaken on two cohorts of elite endurance athletes and controls (GENATHLETE and Japanese endurance runners), from which a panel of 45 promising markers was identified. These markers were tested for replication in seven additional cohorts of endurance athletes and controls: from Australia, Ethiopia, Japan, Kenya, Poland, Russia and Spain. The study is based on a total of 1520 endurance athletes (835 who took part in endurance events in World Championships and/or Olympic Games) and 2760 controls. We hypothesized that world-class athletes are likely to be characterized by an even higher concentration of endurance performance alleles and we performed separate analyses on this subsample.

The meta-analysis of all available studies revealed one statistically significant marker (rs558129 at GALNTL6 locus, p = 0.0002), even after correcting for multiple testing. As shown by the low heterogeneity index (I2 = 0), all eight cohorts showed the same direction of association with rs558129, even though p-values varied across the individual studies. In summary, this study did not identify a panel of genomic variants common to these elite endurance athlete groups. Since GAMES was underpowered to identify alleles with small effect sizes, some of the suggestive leads identified should be explored in expanded comparisons of world-class endurance athletes and sedentary controls and in tightly controlled exercise training studies. Such studies have the potential to illuminate the biology not only of world class endurance performance but also of compromised cardiac functions and cardiometabolic diseases.
We report a search for the rare decays $B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{h}^{(*)}\ensuremath{\nu}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}$, where ${h}^{(*)}$ stands for ${K}^{+}$, ${K}_{S}^{0}$, ${K}^{*+}$, ${K}^{*0}$, ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$, ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$, ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{+}$, ${\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}$ and $\ensuremath{\phi}$.

The results are obtained from a $711\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ data sample that contains $772\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}B\overline{B}$ pairs collected at the $\ensuremath{\Upsilon}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider. We search for signal candidates by fully reconstructing a hadronic decay of the accompanying $B$ meson and requiring a single ${h}^{(*)}$ meson left on the signal side.

No significant signal is observed and we set upper limits on the branching fractions at 90% confidence level. The measurements of ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{*+}\ensuremath{\nu}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}$, ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}$, ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}\ensuremath{\nu}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}$ and ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}\ensuremath{\nu}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}$ provide the world's currently most restrictive limits.
Explosion in the planetary interior and the ejection of the part of outer layers of the planet into orbit to form a satellite makes it possible to explain the elemental and isotopic composition of the Moon. Satellite formation has been simulated for a two-dimensional geometry using molecular dynamics methods for up to hundreds of thousands particles. The particles are asteroid-size bodies (diameter of about 100 km) which interact with each other according to Newton's law. The properties of the compact material are described by a short-range potential. A number of calculations with varying initial conditions have shown the scenario of the explosive origin of the Moon to be realistic and preferred over other hypotheses.
Structure solution of molecular crystals at low temperatures does not necessarily mean, that it is the same as at ambient temperature, even if there are no visible changes in the crystal colour, shape, transparency and integrity on temperature variation.This can be illustrated at the examples of two recently discovered low-temperature polymorphic transitions in the antidiabetic drugs with related molecular structures, chlorpropamide, C 10 H 13 ClN 2 O 3 S, [1], and tolbutamide, C 12 H 18 N 2 O 3 S, [2].These transitions are reversible and leave the crystals intact.Solving crystal structure at low temperature only, one cannot make a correct conclusion on the crystal structure under the crystallization conditions.

All the transitions were studied by single-crystal and powder variabletemperature X-ray diffraction.The crystal structures of the hightemperature and low-temperature polymorphs were solved and refined at multiple temperatures.

The polymorphic transitions are very interesting, since they are accompanied by a peculiar conformational ordering on cooling, resulting in an increase in Z'.In other words, several conformers not related by any symmetry operations are distributed regularly in the crystal structures of the low-temperature forms, in contrast to hightemperature phases, which have only one conformer per unit cell.An increase in Z' is accompanied by changes in either the elementary translations, or the crystal system.Thus, at temperatures below 260 K β-chlorpropamide transforms from the orthorhombic into the monoclinic polymorph, and this transition is accompanied by nonmerohedral twinning; below 150 K one of the cell parameters doubles.In tolbutamide III below 150 K one of the cell parameters triples.The changes in the translational symmetry was shown to be related to the regular changes in the conformations of the alkyl tails in some of the molecules, regularly distributed in the structure.All the low-temperature transitions were observed on cooling the polymorphs, which are metastable already at ambient conditions.At the same time, the stable forms of these compounds, which correspond to the commercially available samples, do not undergo any phase transitions on cooling.
The article considers methods used for breeding and selection of mini-pigs in the ICG, SB RAS, the theoretical justifcation of these methods and the purposes for which they are used. We showed the genealogical structure of the herd and the contribution of inbreeding to the genetic similarity of modern representatives of genealogical lines and families with the founders of the breeding group. We characterized the phenotypic diversity of the ICG mini-pigs in colours, weight categories, types of growth and features of constitution. We listed measures supporting genetic diversity in the herd of the ICG mini-pigs. We explained the possibility of using similarity indices calculated by using portions of the ancestors’ blood (genome) for the selection of parental pairs and the evaluation of genetic consolidation of the herd. We showed that the average index of similarity between males and females, calculated by using portions of the ancestors’ blood, in the ICG minipigs is close to the limit value. It turned out that eﬀective evaluation of the genetic potential of mini-pigs in growth rate and fnal size of individuals is only possible under the condition of a rich and full feeding of young animals. The time scale of estimation of growth of live weight of the ICG mini-pigs for three weight categories allocated in the selection group is presented. The types of growth and development of mini-pigs observed in the ICG breeding group and the type inherent to individuals in the small weight category are considered. We justifed the minimum live weight of a newborn piglet in the herd of the ICG mini-pigs. Values of optimal multiple pregnancy for the three categories of ICG mini-pig sows were calculated.
Aim of work is to study the features of the fatty acid (FA) composition of the membranes of erythrocytes (Er) and blood serum (BS) in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) for possible use for differential diagnosis.

Using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometric system (GC/MS) based on three Agilent 7000B quadrupoles (USA), the composition of erythrocytes (Er) and blood serum (SC) of 60 people was studied: 19 — with Crohn’s disease (CD, 34±6,2 years), 21 — with unclassified colitis (UCC, 35,2±4,7 years) and 20 healthy individuals (32,9±5,7 years).

The created diagnostic panels (FA of blood serum and erythrocyte membranes) made it possible to differentiate patients with CD from healthy individuals with fairly high levels of sensitivity and specificity. The revealed features of the levels of FA membranes of Er and BS, as well as their ratio in patients with CD, are promising for the purposes of differential diagnosis, including in cases of unclassified colitis.
Researchers define the political regime of Komuch as a democracy or a dictatorship that used democratic rhetoric as cover. To have a deep understanding of the problem the article considers a particular topic – a conflict of Samara Central council of residential quarters and Samara Town Council. In historiography, there are some different variants of the conflict events’ description and its interpretation.In summer 1917, Samara residential quarters emerged, and in spring 1918 they came into conflict with Soviet regime. Samara Central council was organized. After anti-Bolshevist take-over, the Central council of residential quarters got a subsidy from Samara Town Council and the rights to temporary perform some of its functions, but claimed to participate in making decisions on wider range of problems, actively interacted with government and military institutions. Towards the end of July – beginning of August 1918, Samara Town Council limited interference of quarters organizations in its work. Komuch flabbily resisted, then supported the Town Council. The Central council of residential quarters lost the subsidy and self-occupied premises, polled 0,5 votes during city elections, and left the political arena. Society and government referred the Central council of residential quarters to the democratic organizations, evaluating its position, but not lawfulness of its work and legitimacy of its origin.The author comes to the conclusion that Komuch was not able to develop a clear position concerning the place of voluntary organizations in the government structure, was a hybrid political regime (dictablanda), functioning without any distinct regulatory grounds.
Genetic regulation is known to contribute to the divergent expression of duplicate genes; however, little is known about how epigenetic modifications regulate the expression of duplicate genes in plants.

The histone modification (HM) profile patterns of different modes of gene duplication, including the whole genome duplication, proximal duplication, tandem duplication and transposed duplication were characterized based on ChIP-chip or ChIP-seq datasets. In this study, 10 distinct HM marks including H2Bub, H3K4me1, H3K4me2, H3K4me3, H3K9ac, H3K9me2, H3K27me1, H3K27me3, H3K36me3 and H3K14ac were analyzed. Moreover, the features of gene duplication with different HM patterns were characterized based on 88 RNA-seq datasets of Arabidopsis thaliana.

This study showed that duplicate genes in Arabidopsis have a more similar HM pattern than single-copy genes in both their promoters and protein-coding regions. The evolution of HM marks is found to be coupled with coding sequence divergence and expression divergence after gene duplication. We found that functionally selective constraints may impose on epigenetic evolution after gene duplication. Furthermore, duplicate genes with distinct functions have more divergence in histone modification compared with the ones with the same function, while higher expression divergence is found with mutations of chromatin modifiers. This study shows the role of epigenetic marks in regulating gene expression and functional divergence after gene duplication in plants based on sequencing data.
It was evidenced, that the increase in the prevalence of autosomal recessive deafness 1A (DFNB1A) in populations of European descent was promoted by assortative marriages among deaf people. Assortative marriages become possible with a widespread introduction of sign language resulting in increased the genetic fitness of deaf individuals, thus relaxing selection against deafness.

We have developed an agent-based computer model for analysis of the spread of DFNB1A. Using the model, we tested impact of different intensity of selection pressure on an isolated human population for 400 years.

The modeling of the 'purifying' selection pressure on deafness resulted in decrease of the proportion of deaf individuals and the pathogenic allele frequency. The modeling of relaxed selection resulted in increase of the proportion of deaf individuals and the decrease of the pathogenic allele frequency. The results of neutral selection pressure modeling showed no significant changes in both the proportion of deaf individuals and the pathogenic allele frequency after 400 years. Thus, initially low genetic fitness of deaf people can be significantly increased in the presence of assortative mating by deafness, resulting in a higher prevalence of DFNB1A. Contrary, frequency of pathogenic allele and the incidence of hereditary hearing loss will not increase in a population where all deaf individuals undergo cochlear implantation.
In the rodent liver, hepatocarcinogens inhibit the glucocorticoid induction of several liver‐specific genes, including tyrosine aminotransferase ( TAT ). A distinct positive correlation exists in mice between the extent of inhibition of TAT induction after acute administration of o ‐aminoazotoluene (OAT) and the frequency of liver tumors after chronic exposure to the carcinogen.

To elucidate the mechanism of the carcinogenic action, the effects of OAT on the DNA‐binding activity of several transcription factors participating in the glucocorticoid regulation of TAT gene expression were studied. The experimental inbred male mice were sensitive (A/He and SWR/J, tumor induction frequency of 75–100%, TAT induction inhibition of 35–50%) and resistant (CC57BR/Mv and AKR/J, 0–6% and 10–15%, respectively) to OAT. Gel retardation experiments showed that hepatocyte nuclear factor 3 (HNF3)γ DNA‐binding activity was strongly reduced in nuclear extracts from the livers of OAT‐treated A/He and SWR/J mice but only slightly reduced in CC57Br/Mv and AKR/J mice. The DNA‐binding activities of Ets, AP1 family members, and GME binding proteins were unaffected. HNF3γ DNA‐binding activity was reduced by 1 h after OAT administration and remained low for 1 mo, as did inhibition of TAT induction in the liver.

These results suggested that the inhibitory effect of OAT on the glucocorticoid induction of TAT is mediated by reduced HNF3γ DNA‐binding activity.
Определена локализация 10 новых генов на X хромосомах пяти видов серых полевок рода Шсгоаи. Особенностью выбранных генов является их свойство избегать инактивации на инактивируемой X хромосоме человека и, частично, мыши. На основе сравнительного анализа локализации генов на X хромосомах четырех видов полевок группы алю/й (обыкновенные полевки) выявлены четыре новые и уточнены границы двух определенных ранее инверсий. Обнаружено семь кластеров консервативной синтении в X хромосомах обыкновенных полевок, В результате сравненияпорядка генов у полевок группы ап/аИя и представителя внешней группы огг«*й показано, что X хромосомы М. опта/и и М
This work aimed at developing and validating a rapid, sensitive, and robust method of liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS) in parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) mode for apixaban quantification in dried plasma spots (DPSs) with a simple extraction procedure.

A 25 µL sample of human plasma was placed onto Whatman 903 Protein Saver Cards and allowed to dry; 3.2 mm diameter disks were cut out from DPSs using a puncher, and 100 µL of a working internal standard solution was added to each sample. After this, they were vortexed on a shaker for 15 min at 800 rpm and 40 °C and quick centrifugation (10,000× g, 10 s), and then the extracts were transferred into a 300 µL vial for LC–HRMS. Data were acquired in PRM mode via detection of all target product ions with 10 ppm tolerance. Total analysis time was 5 min.

The LC–HRMS method was validated for the 10–400 ng/mL range with R2 > 0.99. Within this range, intra- and interday variability of precision and accuracy was <10%, and recovery was 69.7–85.1%. Apixaban was stable after brief storage at room temperature, and at 4 °C for up to a month. The method development and validation results proved that this LC–HRMS assay of apixaban in DPSs is selective and robust.
We consider several versions of incomplete nested factorization methods for solving the large systems of linear algebraic equations (SLAEs) with sparse matrices which arise in grid approximations of the multi-dimensional boundary value problems.

Our approach is based on the two-level iterative process in the Krylov subspaces in 3D case. Corresponding hierarchical incomplete factorization is applied to the block tridiagonal matrix structure. At the upper level, the diagonal blocks correspond to 2D grid subproblems which are factorized in the line-by-line framework. Instead of the low and upper triangular matrix factors, the alternating triangular matrices are used, which allows to apply the parallel counter sweeping approaches. The improvement of preconditioners is made by means of generalized compensation principles. To solve SLAE iterative conjugate direction methods in Krylov subspaces are applied.

The efficiency of the proposed methods are demonstrated on the set of representative test problems.
Belyaev’s concept of destabilizing selection during domestication was a major achievement in the XX century. Its practical value has been realized in commercial colors of the domesticated fox that never occur in the wild and has been confirmed in a wide variety of pet breeds. Many human disease models involving animals allow to test drugs before human testing. Perhaps this is why investigators doing transcriptomic profiling of domestic versus wild animals have searched for breed-specific patterns.

Here we sequenced hypothalamic transcriptomes of tame and aggressive rats, identified their differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and, for the first time, applied principal component analysis to compare them with all the known DEGs of domestic versus wild animals that we could find.

Two principal components, PC1 and PC2, respectively explained 67% and 33% of differential-gene-expression variance (hereinafter: log2 value) between domestic and wild animals. PC1 corresponded to multiple orthologous DEGs supported by homologs; these DEGs kept the log2 value sign from species to species and from tissue to tissue (i.e., a common domestication pattern). PC2 represented stand-alone homologous DEG pairs reversing the log2 value sign from one species to another and from tissue to tissue (i.e., representing intraspecific and interspecific variation).