Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The exceptional ability of carbon to form ${\mathit{sp}}^{2}$ and ${\mathit{sp}}^{3}$ bonding states leads to a great structural and chemical diversity of carbon-bearing phases at nonambient conditions.

Here we use laser-heated diamond-anvil cells combined with synchrotron x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations to explore phase transitions in $\mathrm{CaC}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ at $P>40\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GPa}$.

Raman spectra of $P{2}_{1}/c\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{CaC}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ show an intense band at $1025\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, which we assign to the symmetric C-O stretching vibration based on empirical and first-principles calculations. This Raman band has a frequency that is $\ensuremath{\sim}20%$ lower than the symmetric C-O stretching in ${\mathit{sp}}^{2}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\mathrm{CaC}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ due to the C-O bond length increase across the ${\mathit{sp}}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{\mathit{sp}}^{3}$ transition and can be used as a fingerprint of tetrahedrally coordinated carbon in other carbonates.
The Oligocene–Miocene Maykop Group sediments, mainly composed of illite–smectite, store mercury in strongly variable concentrations from 10 to 920 μg/kg. Extremely high Hg levels (98–920 μg/kg) coupled with abnormal mercury-to-total organic carbon (TOC) ratios (Hg/TOC = 109 to 3000 μg/kg/wt%; TOC = 0.2 wt% to 1.2 wt%) were measured in the Middle Maykop marine shales that were deposited in the deepwater Indol–Kuban Basin under anoxic conditions. The Middle Maykop shales contain up to 70% of total mercury in sulfide form. In heavy mineral fractions, abundant Hg-bearing pyrite (with up to 4810 µg/kg Hg in hand-picked concentrates) is accompanied by sporadic cinnabar. Relative to the Middle Maykop sediments, the Upper Maykop shales have much lower Hg concentrations and Hg/TOC ratios: 10 to 63 μg/kg (34 μg/kg on average) and 7.7 to 137 μg/kg/wt% (39 μg/kg/wt% on average), respectively. Mercury sequestration is inferred to occur mostly by binding in sulfide hosts in the Middle Maykop anoxic deep-sea sediments and in organic matter, Fe3+-(oxy)hydroxides, and clay particles in the Upper Maykop shales which were deposited in a more oxygenated environment. Mercury inputs to the marine shales during Maykopian sedimentation were possibly associated with local Oligocene–Lower Miocene volcanic activity in the Caucasus Continental Collision Zone. At the same time, the mode of Hg binding in sediments was controlled by redox conditions which changed from anoxic to disoxic and suboxic at the Middle-to-Upper Maykop transition.
Metazoan genomes contain many ultra-conserved elements (UCEs), long sequences identical between distant species. In this study we identified UCEs in drosophilid and vertebrate species with a similar level of phylogenetic divergence measured at protein-coding regions, and demonstrated that both the length and number of UCEs are larger in vertebrates. The proportion of non-exonic UCEs declines in distant drosophilids whilst an opposite trend was observed in vertebrates.

We generated a set of 2,126 Sophophora UCEs by merging elements identified in several drosophila species and compared these to the eutherian UCEs identified in placental mammals. In contrast to vertebrates, the Sophophora UCEs are depleted around transcription start sites. Analysis of 52,954 P-element, piggyBac and Minos insertions in the D. melanogaster genome revealed depletion of the P-element and piggyBac insertions in and around the Sophophora UCEs. We examined eleven fly strains with transposon insertions into the intergenic UCEs and identified associated phenotypes in five strains. Four insertions behave as recessive lethals, and in one case we observed a suppression of the marker gene within the transgene, presumably by silenced chromatin around the integration site. To confirm the lethality is caused by integration of transposons we performed a phenotype rescue experiment for two stocks and demonstrated that the excision of the transposons from the intergenic UCEs restores viability. Sequencing of DNA after the transposon excision in one fly strain with the restored viability revealed a 47 bp insertion at the original transposon integration site suggesting that the nature of the mutation is important for the appearance of the phenotype.

Our results suggest that the UCEs in flies and vertebrates have both common and distinct features, and demonstrate that a significant proportion of intergenic drosophila UCEs are sensitive to disruption.
Immunization of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( EAE )‐prone C57 BL /6 mice with MOG 35‐55 (a model used to study aspects of human multiple sclerosis) is known to lead to the production of various abzymes. The production of catalytic IgGs that can efficiently hydrolyse myelin basic protein ( MBP ), MOG and DNA is associated with changes in the profile of differentiation and level of proliferation of mice bone marrow haematopoietic stem cells ( HSC s). As MOG simulates the production of abzymes with high DN ase activity, we compared the effects of DNA and MOG immunization on EAE ‐prone mice. In contrast to MOG , immunization with DNA leads to a suppression of proteinuria, a decrease in the concentrations of antibodies to MOG and DNA and a reduction in abzyme production. Immunization with DNA only resulted in a significant increase in DN ase activity over 40 days where it became 122‐fold higher than before immunization, and fivefold higher when comparing to the maximal activity obtained after MOG treatment. DNA and MOG immunization had different effects on the differentiation profiles of HSC s, lymphocyte proliferation, and the level of apoptosis in bone marrow and other organs of mice. The data indicate that for C57 BL /6 mice, DNA may have antagonistic effects with respect to MOG immunization. The usually fast immune response following MOG injection in C57 BL /6 mice is strongly delayed after immunization with DNA , which is probably due to a rearrangement of the immune system following the response to DNA .
This article presents new data on nucleotide incision repair (NIR) activity of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease Apn1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is known as a key player of the base excision DNA repair (BER) pathway, see "Yeast structural gene (APN1) for the major apurinic endonuclease: homology to Escherichia coli endonuclease IV" [1], "Abasic sites in DNA: repair and biological consequences in Saccharomyces cerevisiae" [2] and "Characterisation of new substrate specificities of Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae AP endonucleases" [3].

The characterization of NIR activity of wild type Apn1 and mutant form Ape1 H83A were made by denaturing PAGE analysis, and MD simulations of Apn1 complexed with DNA containing 5,6-dihydro-2'-deoxyuridine (DHU) and 2-aminopurine (2-aPu) residues.

This data article is associated to the manuscript titled "Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease Apn1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is recruited to the nucleotide incision repair pathway: kinetic and structural features" [4].
Статья выполнена в рамках проблематики, касающейся влияния пандемии COVID-19 на социальную политику Японии, на действия Кабинета Министров в отношении стабилизации эпидемиологической ситуации в стране.

Рассмотрены меры по сдерживанию темпов распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции, поддержке населения и экономики.

Особое внимание уделено интерпретации неоднократного введения в
The study of the composition of the Precambrian crystalline complexes raised and exposed along the margins of the North Asian craton allows us characterizing the conditions of formation and clarifying metallogenic typification of the geological structures of various stages of evolution of the lithosphere. Based on these data identification of the promising metallogenic zones and local potentially ore-bearing objects can also be achieved.

The goal of the research was to characterize the chemical composition features of geological complexes in the Tyrkanda tectonic zone between the granulite terrains of the Aldan-Stanovoy shield in the south of the North Asian craton. The object is interesting due to the presence of a large number of different types of metamorphic and magmatic rocks. Complex geological structures with numerous stages of intensive ductile and brittle deformations of various kinematics are observed. As a part of the research for the rocks of the zone, the petrographic observation was done and chemical composition was studied. Characteristics and typification of rocks were carried out. Reconstruction of the primary (premetamorphic) types of rocks was performed using the methods of Predovsky and Neelov. A cluster analysis of geochemical data was performed. The excess of background concentrations of chemical elements in clusters was calculated.

According to the calculation results, metamorphosed ultramafic and mafic rocks of tholeiitic magmatic series form a single cluster. These rocks are richer with indicator elements for diamond and precious metals. A short description of the probable types of mineralization in these rocks was provided. The most promising for precious metals surrounding areas was determined.
The solutions to a divergent system of equations were studied numerically for a freely flowing fluid film. Various families of steady-state traveling solutions in a wide range of wave numbers were found. The shapes of the fluid film surface corresponding to these solutions are given. Specific ranges of parameter values, where re-closing of different families occurs, were determined. It is shown that they are the singular points of the saddle type.
Terahertz (THz) surface plasmons (SPs) are very promising for developing transmission lines and new photonic devices. Energy losses during propagation of SPs plays important role for these applications. We experimentally studied attenuation of SPs along plane and convex (curvature radius of 60 mm) gold surfaces coated with submicron dielectric (ZnS) layers using monochromatic radiation (λ = 130 μm) of the Novosibirsk free-electron laser. The optimal dielectric thicknesses d*, corresponding to the minimum energy losses of SPs, were found. The SP attenuation coefficients α were about 100 times higher for convex surfaces than for plane surfaces, which means intensive radiative losses on the surface bend. A ZnS coating with d1*≈0.025 μm on a plane gold surface reduced α by 20 % as compared with bare gold; coating with d2*≈1 μm on convex surface, three times.
Los estratos basales del Piso cámbrico 2 del Olenek Uplift albergan diversos conjuntos de fósiles macroscópicos, que se asemejan mucho a ciertos pequeños taxones esqueléticos documentados en esta sección y típicos del Terranoviense. En este caso, la asociación macroscópica estudiada incluye moluscos helcionélidos, estenotécidos y kharkhánidos, así como hiolitos de tipo anabarítido y circotécidos. Entre ellos, sólo los anabarítidos y algunos hiolitos circotécidos muestran restos de concha calcítica, mientras que la mayoría de los fósiles carecen de exoesqueleto rígido biomineralizado. Por tanto, al menos estos organismos cámbricos problemáticos habrían alcanzado tamaños macroscópicos (de hasta 35 mm de largo) y estaban cubiertos con conchas calcíticas al principio del Pisp cámbrico 2.
The characteristics of horizontal displacements in fault zones of the Altai-Sayan mountain region are revealed with use of the earthquake focal mechanisms data.

Left-lateral strike-slips are characteristic for the Bogdo, Southern Tannuol and Sayan-Tuva faults, and for the eastern part of the Bollnay fault. Right-lateral strikeslip is characteristic for the Koktokay fault.
Numerical simulation of hypersonic (M∞=6) flow and evolution of disturbances on a smooth plate and a shallow grooved plate was performed by solving two-dimensional Navier– Stokes equations. Computational soft-ware verification was conducted by comparison with existing data of pressure pulsations on plates surface. It was showed that wavy surface significantly decrease pressure pulsations on plate surface and does not increase the value of mean heat fluxes. Data about effect of wavy surfaces with different form on the disturbances intensity in hypersonic boundary layer was obtained.
The article is devoted to the directions of improvement of appeal proceedings in the civil process, identified in the analysis of legislation and practice of its application, in connection with the reform of the judicial system. The author not only considers the questions of implementation of the court of appeal of its powers, justifies the need for disclosure of criteria allowing the direction of the court of appeal the case for a new trial in the court of first instance, the limits of choice in the exercise of judicial discretion outside of the petition of appeal, the improvement of term of making a petition of appeal, eliminate of the term “appeal determination”, enshrined in the law of procedure of familiarization with the act court of appeal and its further complaints, but also indicates ways of solving them.
This paper presents the data on nutritional value of food products obtained from plant-based feedstock. Purées made from apples, cranberries, red beets, and horseradish roots were used as study objects. The pre-made purées were found to be a valuable source of dietary fiber as the contents of pectic substances and fibers in them are rather high. The hydropectin/protopectin ratio in the study objects was evaluated. The protopectin content was the highest in the purée made from horseradish roots, while the lowest protopectin content was observed in cranberry purée. The degree of pectin methylation was determined experimentally. The cranberry and apple purées contain high-methoxy pectin, while the beet purée and the purée made from horseradish roots contain low-methoxy pectin. Information about the degree of pectin methylation is needed to understand the processing features of the ingredients. The data on antioxidant capacity of the samples are reported. Cranberry purée has pronounced antioxidant properties. The mineral composition of the samples was determined. Beet purée is rich in Na, K and Fe; the purée made from horseradish roots is rich in K, Ca and Fe; apple purée contains a sufficiently high amount of Fe. The analyzed plant-based purées can be used to design functional food products characterized by good processing properties, longer shelf life, and high nutritional value.
The antiviral activity of recombinant human IFN-lambda type 1 (IFNλ-1) against culture strain of SARS-CoV-2 virus was determined by infecting a highly sensitive VeroE6 coronavirus cell culture after preincubation test (the cell monolayer was incubated with 4-fold dilutions of IFNλ-1 in a concentration range of 0.16-42,500 ng/ml in a culture medium for 12 h at 37°C) and without preincubation (simultaneous addition of different concentrations of IFNλ-1 and SARS-CoV-2 infection in a dose of 102 TCID50). The created recombinant human IFNλ-1 demonstrated obvious antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus in vitro. In the tests with and without preincubation, IFNλ-1 exhibited significant activity, although somewhat lower in variant with simultaneous addition of IFNλ-1 and virus to the cell culture. It should be noted that the antiviral effect of IFNλ-1 was observed in a wide range of concentrations.
Typically synthesis of 4‐amidooctahydro‐2 H ‐chromenes requires subzero temperatures and toxic catalysts, which were avoided in the current work.

A range of heterogeneous ‐SO 3 H functionalized catalysts including carbon and halloysite nanotubes, commercial K10 clay, Amberlyst‐15 etc. was investigated for the first time using as a model the Prins‐Ritter reaction of (−)‐isopulegol with benzaldehyde and acetonitrile producing 4‐amido derivatives of octahydro‐2 H ‐chromenes (as (S)‐ and ( R )‐diastereomers). A strong effect of water addition prior the reaction on the overall selectivity and the ratio of isomers in the case of heterogeneous and homogeneous ( p ‐toluenesulfonic acid) catalysis was found for the first time. Experimental results and DFT calculations clearly indicate a kinetic control for R ‐amide formation.

The yield of the ( R )‐diastereomer sharply increased with increasing amount of added water, while the S ‐isomer prevailed with a minimum amount of added water. Nevertheless, the yield of the desired products (up to 83 %) at 30 °C after water addition exceeded the values reported previously. Thus, adding water is a simple and a very effective method for controlling both the yield and stereoselectivity of the Prins‐Ritter reaction products under mild conditions.
We demonstrate a great variability of single-pulse (with only one pulse/wave-packet traveling along the cavity) generation regimes in fiber lasers passively mode-locked by non-linear polarization evolution (NPE) effect. Combining extensive numerical modeling and experimental studies, we identify multiple very distinct lasing regimes with a rich variety of dynamic behavior and a remarkably broad spread of key parameters (by an order of magnitude and more) of the generated pulses. Such a broad range of variability of possible lasing regimes necessitates developing techniques for control/adjustment of such key pulse parameters as duration, radiation spectrum, and the shape of the auto-correlation function. From a practical view point, availability of pulses/wave-packets with such different characteristics from the same laser makes it imperative to develop variability-aware designs with control techniques and methods to select appropriate application-oriented regimes.
In TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma-ray Astronomy) detector we are commissioning the first Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT). The telescope drive system comprises a motor controller and two stepper motors for axis control. For the pointing calibration of the telescope a CCD-camera is installed on the reflector dish of the telescope. The position of the CCD-camera allows us capturing both the Cherenkov camera and the observed source. In this report we describe the telescope positioning and the drive system software as well as the control of the CCD-camera data acquisition, archiving and processing system.
Thin film solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) operating in the intermediate temperature (IT) range are now considered as promising for distributed, mobile, standby or auxiliary power generation. At present one of the most important scientific aims in design of solid oxide fuel cells is to lower the operating temperatures to 600-800 С. In this temperature range, majority of problems inherent to SOFC operating at high (950-1000 C) are alleviated. Thus, cations interdiffusion and solid state reactions between electrolyte and electrodes are hampered and thermal stresses are decreased which prevent degradation of the functional layers [Yamamoto, 2004 ].

Hence, design of thin film SOFC requires also elaboration of nanostructured electrodes compatible with electrolytes from chemical and thermophysical points of view and providing a developed three-phase boundary (TPB).

In this respect, broad options are provided by design of nanocomposite mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) functional layers – (Sadykov et al., 2010; Sadykov et al., 2009; Sadykov et al., 2008).
Currently, more than 150 million people worldwide suffer from lymphedema. It is a chronic progressive disease characterized by high-protein edema of various parts of the body due to defects in lymphatic drainage. Molecular-genetic mechanisms of the disease are still poorly understood. Beginning of a clinical manifestation of primary lymphedema in middle age and the development of secondary lymphedema after treatment of breast cancer can be genetically determined. Disruption of endothelial cell apoptosis can be considered as one of the factors contributing to the development of lymphedema. However, a study of the relationship between genes associated with lymphedema and genes involved in endothelial apoptosis, in the associative gene network was not previously conducted.In the current work, we used well-known methods (ToppGene and Endeavour), as well as methods previously developed by us, to prioritize genes involved in endothelial apoptosis and to find potential participants of molecular-genetic mechanisms of lymphedema among them. Original methods of prioritization took into account the overrepresented Gene Ontology biological processes, the centrality of vertices in the associative gene network, describing the interactions of endothelial apoptosis genes with genes associated with lymphedema, and the association of the analyzed genes with diseases that are comorbid to lymphedema.An assessment of the quality of prioritization was performed using criteria, which involved an analysis of the enrichment of the top-most priority genes by genes, which are known to have simultaneous interactions with lymphedema and endothelial cell apoptosis, as well as by genes differentially expressed in murine model of lymphedema. In particular, among genes involved in endothelial apoptosis, KDR, TNF, TEK, BMPR2, SERPINE1, IL10, CD40LG, CCL2, FASLG and ABL1 had the highest priority. The identified priority genes can be considered as candidates for genotyping in the studies involving the search for associations with lymphedema.Analysis of interactions of these genes in the associative gene network of lymphedema can improve understanding of mechanisms of interaction between endothelial apoptosis and lymphangiogenesis, and shed light on the role of disturbance of these processes in the development of edema, chronic inflammation and connective tissue transformation during the progression of the disease.
We report the first observation of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed decays $D^+ \rightarrow K^+ \eta^{(\prime)}$ using a 791 fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. The ratio of the branching fractions of doubly Cabibbo-suppressed relative to singly Cabibbo-suppressed $D^+ \rightarrow \pi^+ \eta^{(\prime)}$ decays are $\mathcal{B}(D^+ \rightarrow K^+ \eta)/\mathcal{B}(D^+ \rightarrow \pi^+ \eta)$ = (3.06 $\pm$ 0.43 $\pm$ 0.14)% and $\mathcal{B}(D^+ \rightarrow K^+ \eta')/\mathcal{B}(D^+ \rightarrow \pi^+ \eta')$ = (3.77 $\pm$ 0.39 $\pm$ 0.10)%. From these, we find that the relative final-state phase difference between the tree and annihilation amplitudes in $D^+$ decays, $\delta_{TA}$, is (72 $\pm$ 9)$^\circ$ or (288 $\pm$ 9)$^\circ$. We also report the most precise measurements of CP asymmetries to date: $A_{CP}^{D^+ \rightarrow \pi^+ \eta}$ = (+1.74 $\pm$ 1.13 $\pm$ 0.19)% and $A_{CP}^{D^+ \rightarrow \pi^+ \eta'}$ = ($-$0.12 $\pm$ 1.12 $\pm$ 0.17)%.
Whether dialogue is possible between different models describing formation autism spectrum disorders (ASD)? This problem is considered.

Features of methodical bases and the corresponding terminology in the model of mind, approaches based on interpersonal interactions, model of sensory integration were compared. In addition to earlier described 'through' phenomena connected with development of RAS (intolerance to uncertainty and deficiency of self-perception) the contribution of interpersonal attachment disturbances was described.

The conclusion about ability to integrate approaches by consideration of basic phenomena in development of RAS is drawn.