Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The article analyzes key parameters (age, terms of office, ranks according to the "Table of Ranks", education, ratio of the military to civilians) of the top-level managers in Siberia from the early 19th to 1917.A total of 214 administrators became heads of provinces and "oblasts" in the region during the period from 1822 to the February revolution.Most of them were Major Generals and Active State Councillors (68 % of the total number).After M.M. Speransky's inspection of Siberia no cases of total corruption were registered among the Siberian governors, due to the gendarme supervision, strict control of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, establishment of operational communications with governmental structures, inspections.

Almost all heads of territorial and administrative units of Asian Russia were aged between 50 and 55.The share of the military reduced; the majority of the future heads of territories were educated at the civilian institutions of higher education, for the most part at the universities.With few exceptions, most of them were Orthodox Christians, married, nobles with small or no estates, for whom the fixed official salaries were major source of income.

In the extreme situation (revolution of 1905-1907) the officials lost "PR campaigns" to the opposition and revolutionary elements.By 1917, the personnel policy concerning the regional top officials had begun to falter.
The data sample of Λ0b→J/ψpK− decays acquired with the LHCb detector from 7 and 8 TeV pp collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb−1, is inspected for the presence of J/ψp or J/ψK− contributions with minimal assumptions about K−p contributions.

It is demonstrated at more than nine standard deviations that Λ0b→J/ψpK− decays cannot be described with K−p contributions alone, and that J/ψp contributions play a dominant role in this incompatibility.

These model-independent results support the previously obtained model-dependent evidence for P+c→J/ψp charmonium-pentaquark states in the same data sample.
A review of seismicity of the Altai and Sayan region in 2015 is presented. The stationary network of seismic stations included 52 stations. Compared to 2014, four new seismic stations were added in the region. Additionally, two local temporary networks including 37 temporary seismic stations operated in the region. 6206 earthquakes were recorded with a total seismic energy of 5.97•1012 J. A brief description of the seismicity in the Chui-Kurai zone of the Altai Mountains is given.
Tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) is a highly effective phenolic antioxidant used in edible oils and fats in foods as well as in medicines and cosmetics. TBHQ has been shown to have both chemoprotective and carcinogenic effects. Furthermore, it has potential anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, and neuroprotective activities. TBHQ induces phase II detoxification enzymes via the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE mechanism, which contributes to its chemopreventive functions. Nonetheless, there is growing evidence that biological effects of tBHQ may be mediated by Nrf2-independent mechanisms related to various signaling cascades. Here, we studied changes in gene expression of phase I, II, and III drug metabolizing enzymes/transporters as well as protein levels and activities of cytochromes P450 (CYPs) elicited by tBHQ and its structural homolog TS-13 in the mouse liver. Next, we carried out gene expression analysis to identify signal transduction pathways modulated by the antioxidants. Mice received 100 mg/kg tBHQ or TS-13 per day or only vehicle. The liver was collected at 12 hours and after 7 days of the treatment. Protein and total RNA were extracted. Gene expression was analyzed using Mouse Drug Metabolism and Signal Transduction PathwayFinder RT2Profiler™PCR Arrays. A western blot analysis was used to measure protein levels and a fluorometric assay was employed to study activities of CYPs. Genes that were affected more than 1.5-fold by tBHQ or TS-13 treatment compared with vehicle were identified. Analysis of the gene expression data revealed changes in various genes that are important for drug metabolism, cellular defense mechanisms, inflammation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation. Novel target genes were identified, including xenobiotic metabolism genes encoding CYPs, phase II/III drug metabolizing enzymes/transporters. For Cyp1a2 and Cyp2b, we observed an increase in protein levels and activities during tBHQ or TS-13 treatment. Changes were found in the gene expression regulated by NFκB, androgen, retinoic acid, PI3K/AKT, Wnt, Hedgehog and other pathways.
SUMMARY: The plasmodium of Physarum polycephalum has long been considered a model system for syncytically growing cells, but important details of the DNA replication apparatus, such as the DNA polymerase E and other replication factors, have not been detected. In this study, a new variation of photoaffinity labelling and immunoblotting was used to detect DNA polymerases and other factors in nuclear extracts of P. polycaphalum. Proteins were specifically cross-l inked with photoreactive arylazido-dCMP residues incorporated during extension of template-primer DNA. The DNA synthesized in situ was labelled. After nucleolytic removal of protruding DNA, the proteins were separated by SDS-gel electrophoresis, electroblotted on membranes and subjected to autoradiography. The a,s,eand -like DNA polymerases were labelled, as were histones and replication-factor-like proteins. Cytoplasmic extracts were devoid of these species. Abundant proliferating-cell nuclear antigen and replication protein A large subunit were labelled and found to be of unusual mass. A number of subunits of purified DNA polymerase holoenzymes were labelled. In contrast, only the DNA-polymerizing subunits could be labelled in nuclear extracts. Higher-order complexes in the nuclear extract may make subunits inaccessible to photo-cross-linking. Complex formation is promoted by -poly(~-malate), a plasmodium-specific putative storage and carrier molecule that supports DNA replication in the synchronized nuclei. Percoll, a polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated colloidal silica, partially disrupted these complexes. A 200 kDa fragment of DNA polymerase E and a 135 kDa -like DNA polymerase did not participate in the complexes, suggesting functions unlike those of the other polymerases. DNA polymerase molecules were intact during proliferation of plasmodia, but were nicked before their clearance from the nuclei at growth arrest.
The present experimental work reports on the temperature measurements in a Bunsen flame, covered by a flat cooled plate from the top. The temperature field is measured based on the planar laser-induced fluorescence method for hydroxyl radical (OH) during the excitation of excitation Q 1 (8) line of the (1-0) band of the A 2 Σ + -X 2 Π electronic system. Thermometry was based on the imaging of the ratio of the fluorescence intensity for the band (2-0) and bands (0-0), (1-1). The paper presents the obtained temperature fields for the distances between the plate and the burner of 1, 2 and 3 calibres. The paper also concludes that the used method can be implemented using a single-pulse laser illumination and is effective for the detection of cold zones.
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging in the spectral‐spatial domain with application of soluble paramagnetic probes provides an opportunity for spatially resolved functional measurements of living objects.

EPR oxygen measurements were performed using isotopically substituted 2 H, 15 N‐dicarboxyproxyl. The radical has an EPR line width of 320 mG and oxygen‐induced line broadening of 0.53 mG/mm Hg, providing oxygen sensitivity down to 5 μM. pH measurements were performed using previously developed pH‐sensitive imidazoline nitroxide. The radical has an EPR spectrum with pH‐dependable hyperfine splitting, pK = 6.6, providing pH sensitivity of approximately 0.05 U in the physiological range. EPR imaging of isolated and perfused rat hearts was performed in the two‐dimensional + spectral domain. The spatial resolution of the measurements was about 1.4 mm.

This study demonstrates the capability of low‐field EPR and the nitroxide spin probes for mapping of myocardial oxygenation and pH. The developed approaches might be used for noninvasive investigation of microenvironment on living objects.
Let X be a family of graphs and X n the set of n-vertex graphs in X. A graph U (n) containing all graphs from X n as induced subgraphs is called n-universal for X. Moreover, we say that U (n) is a propern-universal graph for X if it belongs to X.

In the present paper, we construct a proper n-universal graph for the class of split permutation graphs. Our solution includes two ingredients: a proper universal 321-avoiding permutation and a bijection between 321-avoiding permutations and symmetric split permutation graphs.

The n-universal split permutation graph constructed in this paper has 4n 3 vertices, which means that this construction is order-optimal.
In this paper, we consider the method of data assimilation for the problem the propagation of the concentration a passive impurity in the atmosphere. Classical approaches to solving such problems are described, features of the application of algorithms, their minuses and pros. Two algorithms are considered: the ensemble Kalman filter and the ensemble Kalmans moother. Various ways to improve the convergence of these algorithms, such as localization and inflation factor, are considered.
We present the work on development of the millimeter wavelength accelerating structure (also called the W-band structure). It consists of cylindrical cavities with the operating frequency of 96 GHz. The structure will be excited by the picosecond electron beam from the photocathode RF gun. In order to define exactly both the structure and the exciting beam parameters, analytical estimations and simulations of the structure excitation were performed. For the successful propagation of the exciting beam through it, focusing system is needed. It is proposed to use the permanent magnets producing solenoidal field, their preliminary design being discussed. Prototype of the millimeter wavelength structure has been manufactured, its first measurements are presented.
A number of particles in a multiplying medium under rather general conditions is asymptotically exponential with respect to time t with the parameter λ, i.e., with the index of power λ t. If the medium is random, then the parameter λ is the random variable.

To estimate the temporal asymptotics of the mean particles number (via the medium realizations), it is possible to average the exponential function via the corresponding distribution. Assuming that this distribution is Gaussian, the super-exponential estimate of the mean particle number could be obtained and expressed by the exponent with the index of power t E λ + t² D λ/2.

The application of this new formula to investigation of the COVID-19 pandemic is performed.
The ignition of gaseous premixtures in the cube with regular vortexes describing by time–independent ABC–flow field was investigated numerically in the frame of three–dimensional thermal–diffusion model. The effects of Lewis number, vortex size and the velocity amplitude on ignition energy have been studied. It was found that in the case of fixed velocity amplitude of the ABC–flow, there is a critical eddies size corresponding to the maximal ignition energy. Numerical results show that in large–scale eddies flow, the ignition energy is almost constant until the velocity amplitude exceeds some critical value, then the abrupt linear increase of ignition energy is observed. It is shown that ignition energy is changing very slowly in the range of Lewis numbers from 0.3 to 1.2, and rapidly increases for Lewis numbers large of 1.2. Obtained results coincide with experimental data available in literature and with previous theoretical results obtained for the spherical flame initiation in the quiescent mixtures.
The article is based on the writings of Andrei Borisov, an Old Believer, head of the Vyg community from 1780 to 1791.The article is devoted to the problem of the connection of Old Believer culture with the general Russian cultural context.The author develops a view of Andrei Borisov as a person who, according to R.O.Crammey, "lived in two cultural worlds".The author draws attention to the fact that the works of this writer reflected commonplaces and key concepts of not only the Russian Enlightenment, but also sentimentalism.Sentimentalism in Russia was the result of the literary culture of the 18 th century, the logical conclusion of the Enlightenment program.Anthropocentricity, which was characteristic of the aesthetic program of Russian sentimentalism, was reflected in the image of the author.The author in the works of Andrei Borisov is not a conditional rhetorical image.New ways of representing the personality of the leader of the Old Believer community, who appears as an ordinary person endowed with the ability to feel and empathize, even experience physical pain, are shown.Rationality is combined in the image of the author with emotionality and moralism, this is a real person, a being as emotional as moral and thinking about civic duty ("Regrettable Behavior", The Life of Andrei Denisov and other works).The article shows that Andrei Borisov focused on the problem of morality.The key category in his work is "virtue".Virtue was the most important concept in the program of Russian sentimentalism.From the standpoint of morality and virtue, Andrei Borisov even solved polemical problems (the problem of prayer for the emperor), he argued that secular morality and virtue are more important than correct faith, and that is why Old Believers can pray for the emperor.The article notes the closeness of the work of Andrei Borisov to the official church sermon of the late 18th century.Andrei Borisov's contemporary, Metropolitan Plato (Levshin, Metropolitan since 1787), in his sermons interpreted the Enlightenment as a virtue, in his texts morality and feeling are put in the first place, as in sentimentalism.Thus, the style of the era extends not only to secular literature and art, but also to church preaching, and to Old Believer creativity of the late 18 th century.The article offers new arguments in favor of the view that the Old Believer culture was part of Russian culture, and not a self-sufficient island of traditionalism, isolated from a changing society.
We present an overview of modern visualization and measurement techniques (largely non-intrusive) applied to study cavitating flows. Potential and limitations of the modern non-intrusive techniques for two-phase dispersed flows diagnostics are discussed with a specific view on issues related to cavitation phenomena. The literature survey is complemented with some recent papers on the application of various optical methods, the data processing procedures and error assessment carried out over the last few years in the cavitation research facilities at the Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics SB RAS and Novosibirsk State University.
There is a growing body of evidence that B chromosomes, once regarded as totally heterochromatic and genetically inert, harbor multiple segmental duplications containing clusters of ribosomal RNA genes, processed pseudogenes and protein-coding genes. Application of novel molecular approaches further supports complex composition and possible phenotypic effects of B chromosomes.Here we review recent findings of gene-carrying genomic segments on B chromosomes from different vertebrate groups. We demonstrate that the genetic content of B chromosomes is highly heterogeneous and some B chromosomes contain multiple large duplications derived from various chromosomes of the standard karyotype. Although B chromosomes seem to be mostly homologous to each other within a species, their genetic content differs between species. There are indications that some genomic regions are more likely to be located on B chromosomes.The discovery of multiple autosomal genes on B chromosomes opens a new discussion about their possible effects ranging from sex determination to fitness and adaptation, their complex interactions with host genome and role in evolution.
At present, the GDT facility of the Budker Institute Novosibirsk, which is an axially symmetric magnetic mirror device of gas dynamic trap type, is being upgraded. The first stage of the upgrade is the Synthesised Hot Ion Plasmoid (SHIP) experiment. The experiments will be performed in a small mirror section that is installed at one side of the GDT. The magnetic field on axis will be in the range of 1-7 T and the mirror ratio will amount 1.2-1.4. The mirror is filled with background plasma streaming in from the central cell. Two neutral beam injectors perpendicularly inject a total current up to 120 equ. Amperes of hydrogen atoms with an energy of 25 keV as pulse with a duration of about 1 ms. Ionisation of the beams generates the high-energetic ion component with the high density and mean energy about 17 keV. The plasma bata ~ 0.8. This contribution explains the concept of the SHIP experiment and presents the results of SHIP simulation. The first experimental activity is also presented.
Subtractive hybridization was used to study river lamprey ( Lampetra fluviatilis ) leukocyte-specific cDNA. A clone representing the most abundant component (12 %) of the leukocyte library subtracted with liver cDNA was isolated and characterized. The cDNA encodes a presumably secreted polypeptide of 101 residues. The 3 ′ untranslated region of the cDNA contains motifs characteristic of the transiently expressing genes. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with known protein sequences revealed its homology to the members of the chemokine superfamily. Designated as LFCA-1, the lamprey protein contains four conserved cysteines, of which the first two are separated by a residue, and a number of other CXC family characteristic residues. LFCA-1 has the highest similarity to the chicken EMF-1 (40 %) and to the mammalian IL-8 (32 – 33 %). However, it lacks the ELR motif essential for the function of the mammalian IL-8-related chemokines. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of the LFCA-1 relationship to the higher vertebrate chemokines, it is concluded that the evolutionary origin of the chemokine superfamily is ancient, and that the divergence of the CXC and CC families most likely occurred at the time or before the first vertebrates emerged.
Platelet lysate contained a wide range of bioactive molecules involved in cell proliferation, migration. The paper analyzes the possibility of using platelet lysate for the treatment of non-healing ulcers.

The levels of bioactive molecules were determined by ELISA in platelet lysate. Efficacy of treatment with platelet lysate patients with diabetic foot ulcers, ulcers in patients with peripheral arterial disease and venous insufficiency were analyzed on wound surface area, total epithelialization. Twice injection of platelet lysate with an interval of 5-7 days possess to wound surface area closure on Day 180 at 96% in patients with diabetic foot ulcers, while in patients with peripheral arterial disease and venous insufficiency ulcers wound closure was less. Platelet lysate from patients with non-healing ulcers contained growth factor, cytokine, components of the extracellular matrix, and nitric oxide. Between levels of bioactive molecules in platelet lysate and outcome were found significant correlation.

The obtained results indicate that platelet lysate possesses wound healing activity.
In the field of modern hydrogen energy, obtaining pure hydrogen and syngas and then being able to use them for green energy production are significant problems. Developing solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and catalytic membranes for oxygen separation as well as materials for these devices is one of the most likely ways to solve these problems. In this work, the authors' recent studies in this field are reviewed; the fundamentals of developing materials for SOFC cathodes and oxygen separation membranes' permselective layers based on research of their oxygen mobility and surface reactivity are presented. Ruddlesden – Popper phases Ln2–xCaxNiO4+δ (LnCNO) and perovskite-fluorite nanocomposites PrNi0.5Co0.5O3–δ–Ce0.9Y0.1O2–δ (PNC–YDC) were studied by isotope exchange of oxygen with C18O2 and 18O2 in flow and closed reactors. For LnCNO a high oxygen mobility was shown (D* ~ 10–7 cm2/s at 700 °C), being provided by the cooperative mechanism of oxygen migration involving both regular and highly-mobile interstitial oxygen. For PNC–YDC dominated a wide fast diffusion channel via fluorite phase and interphases due to features of the redistribution of cations resulting in superior oxygen mobility (D* ~ 10–8 cm2/s at 700 °C). After optimization of composition and nanodomain structure of these materials, as cathodes of SOFC they provided a high power density, while for asymmetric supported oxygen separation membranes – a high oxygen permeability.
We present a precise measurement of the CP violation parameter sin2phi_1 and the direct CP violation parameter A_f using the final data sample of 772x10^6 B\bar B pairs collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. One neutral B meson is reconstructed in a J/psi K0S, psi(2S) K0S, chi_c1 K0S or J/psi K0L CP-eigenstate and its flavor is identified from the decay products of the accompanying B meson. From the distribution of proper time intervals between the two B decays, we obtain the following CP violation parameters: sin2phi_1=0.667+-0.023(stat)+-0.012(syst) and A_f=0.006+-0.016(stat)+-0.012(syst).
In this work, the Monte Carlo method is used to determine the effectiveness of investments of Russian projects of the export of liquefied natural gas to the countries of the Asia-Pacific region, namely Japan, China and South Korea.

The volumes of capital costs for the construction of the facility, operating costs for the operation of the facility, the price of liquefied natural gas were chosen as free parameters in the application of the Monte Carlo method. To perform the work, a forecast of prices for liquefied natural gas in the Asia-Pacific region was made based on the forecast of prices for Brent crude oil. Furthermore, the paper presents a forecast of operating costs for the operation of the project until 2035.

The result is to determine the economic efficiency of the Yamal LNG project. The application of the Monte Carlo method showed that the net present value of the project by 2035 is most likely to be about $ 22 billion. Such an excellent result was possible due to the significant tax benefits provided by the state in accordance with the program of development of the oil and gas industry in the Arctic part of Russia.
A novel detector for ionization signals in a single phase LAr-TPC has been experimented in the ICARINO test facility at the INFN Laboratories in Legnaro. It is based on the adoption of a multilayer Large Electron Multiplier (LEM) replacing the traditional anodic wire arrays. Cosmic muon tracks were detected allowing the measurement of energy deposition and a first determination of the signal to noise ratio. The analysis of the recorded events demonstrated the 3D reconstruction capability of this device for ionizing events in liquid Argon. The collected fraction of ionization charge is close to about 90%, with signal to noise ratio similar to that measured with more traditional wire chambers.