Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) method was used to characterize liquid phase distribution in rectangular slit microchannel with cross-section 200×1205 μm for horizontal gas-liquid flow. Ethanol and nitrogen were used as working liquid and gas accordingly.

The feature of this study is an application of hydraulic focusing cross-junction mixer for obtaining elongated bubble and transition flows in the microchannel with a high aspect ratio.

Using LIF measurements for elongated bubble and transition flows the liquid film distributions were obtained for different distances from the bubble top and average liquid film thickness was compared with the prediction according to Taylor’s law.
Development of anxiety- and depression-like states under chronic social defeat stress in mice has been shown by many experimental studies.

In this article, the differentially expressed Slc25* family genes encoding mitochondrial carrier proteins were analyzed in the brain of depressive (defeated) mice versus aggressive mice winning in everyday social confrontations. The collected samples of brain regions were sequenced at JSC Genoanalytica. Changes in the expression of the 20 Slc25* genes in the male mice were brain region- and social experience (positive or negative)-specific.

In particular, most Slc25* genes were up-regulated in the hypothalamus of defeated and aggressive mice and in the hippocampus of defeated mice. In the striatum of defeated mice and in the ventral tegmental area of aggressive mice expression of mitochondrial transporter genes changed specifically. Significant correlations between expression of most Slc25* genes and mitochondrial Mrps and Mrpl genes were found in the brain regions. Altered expression of the Slc25* genes may serve as a marker of mitochondrial dysfunction in brain, which accompanies the development of many neurological and psychoemotional disorders.
Leaves of related species have a unique morphological feature: they consist of a proximal sheath and a distal blade separated by a ligular region. Research on liguleless mutants of maize and other cereals has led to identification of genes that are involved in leaf patterning and differentiation.

The authors characterized an induced liguleless mutant (LM) of Aegilops tauschii Coss., a donor of genome D of bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. Liguleless variants have an upright leaf blade that wraps around the culm.

Dresvyannikova and co-authors report characterization of a liguleless Ae. tauschii mutant, whose phenotype is under control of a dominant mutation of Lgt.
Currently, a trend of decline in male fertility is observed all over the world. The study of this trend has not only of scientific, but also of socio-economic importance. Many countries conduct studies of male reproductive potential and search environmental and genetic causes of the mentioned phenomenon. Previously published studies have not included data on the Russian male population. This work presents novel database “Reproductive Potential of the Male population of Russia” (RPM), which is almost the only source of such information about Russia. RPM was created using relational database management system MariaDB and is available at www.sysbio.ru/rpm . The database includes reproductive information of 1390 male volunteers from five large cities of Russia: Arkhangelsk, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Ulan-Ude and Yakutsk. The important feature of the developed database is the unique data of a multifactorial measurement of male fertility: spermatogenic, hormonal, metabolic and anthropological indices. The scientists can use published information in their studies of male reproductive potential as data of some Russian regions and compare it with data from other countries. Also the published data can be used to identify markers of infertility and subfertility, as well as to study ethnic and regional trends in fertility variability and demographic risks in Russia.
On the basis of the materials of the Sayansky Ostrog (fort), built in the Northern Sayan in 1718, we reconstruct the type of building that was common during the initial stage of the Russian colonization (1600s and 1700s). This is one of the few well preserved Russian forts. While its buildings, their function, and location are known from written sources and from the findings of a complete archaeological excavation, their construction has been hitherto unknown. To reconstruct their size and appearance, we collated archaeological and ethnographic findings, museum materials, and written evidence about the layout of buildings and construction techniques. Judging from the totality of data, we suggest the reconstructions of buildings, such as powder magazine, supply depot, barn with cellar, forge, and commandant’s house. We describe traditions and innovations in construction techniques, choice of building materials, details and blocks, layout of floors, ceilings, and roofs. The commandant’s house reproduces the architectural standards of that time, set by Domenico Trezzini, who designed buildings in the capital and in provincial Russian towns.
This work presents implementation of a new approach to single-cascade Raman conversion of laser pulses from the spectral range around 1.1 µm into the 1.3-µm wavelength region.

The proposed conversion technique relies on double-scale pico-femtosecond pulses for synchronous pumping of an external cavity made of phosphosilicate fiber with high-precision adjustment of pulse repetition rate to the inter-mode frequency of the external cavity.

This enabled generation of double-scale pulses centered at 1270 nm featuring a record energy of 63 nJ and the pulse envelope duration of 88-180 ps with the sub-pulse duration of 200 fs. The fraction of the radiation that was converted into the 1270 nm range amounted to 47 percent of the total Raman-converted radiation power. The generated results offer promising possibilities for new spectral ranges to be developed in the field of high-energy pulsed sources with unique double-scale temporal structure.
IgG abzymes (Abzs) with different catalytic activities are a distinctive feature of various autoimmune (AI) diseases. At the same time, data concerning IgMs with catalytic activities are very limited. Electrophoretically and immunologically homogeneous IgMs were isolated from the sera of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients by chromatography on several affinity sorbents. Several rigid criteria have been applied to show that the integrase (IN)-hydrolyzing activity is an intrinsic property of IgMs from HIV-infected patients but not from healthy donors. We present evidence showing that 22 of 24 (91.7%) IgMs purified from the sera of HIV-infected patients specifically hydrolyze only HIV IN but not many other tested proteins. Usually, proteolytic antibodies of AI patients are serine protease-like or metal dependent. Only 30% of IN-hydrolyzing IgMs were inhibited by specific inhibitors of serine proteases and 60% by inhibitors of metal-dependent proteases. Unusually, a significant reduction of the activity by specific inhibitors of acidic (in 20% of IgM preparations) and thiol proteases (in 100% of IgM preparations) was observed. Although HIV infection leads to formation of antibodies to many viral and human antigens, possible biological roles for most of them are unknown. Since anti-IN IgG can efficiently hydrolyze IN, a positive role of Abzs in counteracting the infection cannot be excluded. In addition, detection of IN-hydrolyzing activity can be useful for diagnostic purposes and for assessment of the immune status in AIDS patients.
In this paper, we study the class of Jordan dialgebras (also called quasi-Jordan algebras). We develop an approach for reducing problems on dialgebras to the case of ordinary algebras.

It is shown that straightforward generalizations of the classical Cohn's, Shirshov's, and Macdonald's Theorems do not hold for dialgebras. However, we prove dialgebraic analogues of these statements. Also, we study multilinear special identities which hold in all special Jordan algebras and do not hold in all Jordan algebras.

We find a natural correspondence between special identities for ordinary algebras and dialgebras.
The prevalence of hadronic jets at the LHC requires that a deep understanding of jet formation and structure is achieved in order to reach the highest levels of experimental and theoretical precision. There have been many measurements of jet substructure at the LHC and previous colliders, but the targeted observables mix physical effects from various origins.

Based on a recent proposal to factorize physical effects, this Letter presents a double-differential cross-section measurement of the Lund jet plane using $139\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=13\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector using jets with transverse momentum above 675 GeV. The measurement uses charged particles to achieve a fine angular resolution and is corrected for acceptance and detector effects.

Several parton shower Monte Carlo models are compared with the data. No single model is found to be in agreement with the measured data across the entire plane.
We search for dimuon decays of a low mass particle in the decays ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{*0}X$ and ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}X$ using a data sample of $657\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}B\overline{B}$ events collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider.

We find no evidence for such a particle in the mass range from $212\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/{c}^{2}$ to $300\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/{c}^{2}$ for lifetimes below ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{s}$, and set upper limits on its branching fractions. In particular, we search for a particle with a mass of $214.3\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/{c}^{2}$ reported by the HyperCP experiment, and obtain upper limits on the products $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{*0}X)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathcal{B}(X\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}})<2.26(2.27)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$ and $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}X)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathcal{B}(X\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}})<1.73(1.73)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$ at 90% C.L. for a scalar (vector) $X$ particle.

We find no evidence for such a particle in the mass range from $212\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/{c}^{2}$ to $300\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/{c}^{2}$ for lifetimes below ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{s}$, and set upper limits on its branching fractions.
The magnetic field dependence of Chemically Induced Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (CIDNP) in solid-state systems is analyzed theoretically with the aim to explain the puzzling sign change of polarization found at low fields [D. Gräsing et al., Sci. Rep. 7, 12111 (2017)]. We exploit the analysis of polarization in terms of level crossings and level anti-crossings trying to identify the positions of features in the CIDNP field dependence with specific crossings between spin energy levels of the radical pair. Theoretical treatment of solid-state CIDNP reveals a strong orientation dependence of polarization due to the spin dynamics conditioned by anisotropic spin interactions. Specifically, different anisotropic CIDNP mechanisms become active at different magnetic fields and different molecular orientations. Consequently, the field dependence and orientation dependence of polarization need to be analyzed together in order to rationalize experimental observations. By considering both magnetic field and orientation dependence of CIDNP, we are able to explain the previously measured CIDNP field dependence in photosynthetic reaction centers and to obtain a good qualitative agreement between the experimental observations and theoretical results.
We report a systematic computational study focused on the global minimum and low-lying isomer search for the P2E3(-) (E = N, P, As, Sb, Bi) series of anions. We found nine planar five-membered rings and proved their aromatic character by various quantum chemical techniques.

The possible use of two different P2N3(-) aromatic anions as ligands in a number of sandwich complexes was also studied.
Nurr1, a transcription factor belonging to the family of nuclear receptors, is expressed at high levels immediately after birth. Gene-targeted mice lacking Nurr1 fail to develop midbrain dopaminergic neurones and do not survive beyond 24 h after birth. Dopamine (DA) levels may be regulated by Nurr1, and as DA is involved in both central and peripheral respiratory control, we hypothesized that lack of Nurr1 may impair breathing and cause death by respiratory failure.

We demonstrate herein that Nurr1 newborn knockout mice have a severely disturbed breathing pattern characterized by hypoventilation, numerous apnoeas and failure to increase breathing when challenged with hypoxia. In heterozygote Nurr1 mice the response to hypoxia is also altered. Furthermore, the central respiratory rhythm, generated from isolated brainstem-spinal cord preparations, exhibits impaired response to hypoxia in mice lacking Nurr1.

Moreover, Nurr1 is expressed in several respiratory-related regions of the nervous system, including the nucleus of the solitary tract, the nucleus ambiguus and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve, and in the carotid bodies. The prominent Nurr1 expression in these areas, involved in respiratory control, along with the severe respiratory phenotype, indicates that Nurr1 plays a major role in the extrauterine adaption of respiratory control and the response to hypoxia.
We generalize the results of Leger and Luks about generalized derivations of Lie algebras to the case of color -ary -algebras.

Particularly, we prove some properties of generalized derivations of color -ary algebras; prove that a quasi-derivation algebra of a color -ary -algebra can be embedded into the derivation algebra of a larger color -ary -algebra,

and describe (anti)commutative -ary algebras satisfying the condition
Chemical bonds formed by hydrazine-sulfide treatment of GaAs(111) were studied by synchrotron photoemission spectroscopy.

At the B surface, the top arsenic atoms are replaced by nitrogen atoms, while GaAs(111)A is covered by sulfur, also bonded to underlying gallium, despite the sulfide molar concentration being 103 times smaller than that of the hydrazine.

This extreme dependence on surface polarity is explained by competitive adsorption processes of HS- and OH- anions and of hydrazine molecules, on Ga- adsorption sites, which have distinct configurations on the A and B surfaces.
We refer to the set of the orders of elements of a finite group as its spectrum and say that finite groups are isospectral if their spectra coincide.

In this paper, we determine all finite groups isospectral to the simple groups [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text].

In particular, we prove that with just four exceptions, every such finite group is an extension of the initial simple group by a (possibly trivial) field automorphism.
The evolution of eukaryotes is one of the most important issues in the history of life. Paleontological studies discovered the oldest eukaryotic fossil from the Paleoproterozoic Francevillian Group in Gabon. To clarify specific features of ancient sedimentary basins in Gabon, geologic evidence for the Francevillian Group is summarized and a new geotectonic model is proposed. The model gives much weight to the upwelling of mantle plume, which can explain why the Francevillian basin only hosted natural reactors. The Great Oxidation Event in the Paleoproterozoic played an important role in not only the evolution of eukaryotes but also in the formation of natural reactors. Reductive weathering of the continental crust, which was affected by plume-related volcanisms, transported Uranium-rich minerals into sediments of the Francevillian Group without dissolution of Uranium. The subsequent oxidation event enabled uranyl ions to accumulate within an oxic failed rift basin, and settled large quantities of organic matter on the seafloor. Hydrothermal circulation within the Francevillian Group precipitated highly Uranium-rich ores, which became natural reactors at approximately 2.0 Ga, and might have influenced the evolution of eukaryotes in this basin. In a large sense, the degree of oxidation of the ocean-atmosphere system has been linked to the amount of sedimentary rocks. In that way, mantle overturn in 2.7 Ga, which created a large continental crust, was one of the crucial events that affected the evolution of eukaryotes.
TDP1 plays an essential role in the resistance of cancer cells to currently used antitumour drugs based on Top1 inhibitors such as topotecan and irinotecan.

The most effective inhibitors investigated in this study have IC50 values (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) in 0.4–18.5 µM range and demonstrate relatively low own cytotoxicity along with significant synergistic effect in combination with anti-cancer drug topotecan. Moreover, kinetic parameters of the enzymatic reaction and fluorescence anisotropy were measured using different types of DNA-biosensors to give a sufficient insight into the mechanism of inhibitor's action.

A new class of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) inhibitors based on disaccharide nucleosides was identified.
APOE ε4 allele is most common genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive decline. However, it remains poorly understood why only some carriers of APOE ε4 develop AD and how ethnic variabilities in APOE locus contribute to AD risk. Here, to address the role of APOE haplotypes, we reassessed the diversity of APOE locus in major ethnic groups and in Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset on patients with AD, and subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and control non-demented individuals. We performed APOE gene haplotype analysis for a short block of five SNPs across the gene using the ADNI whole genome sequencing dataset. The compilation of ADNI data with 1000 Genomes identified the APOE ε4 linked haplotypes, which appeared to be distant for the Asian, African and European populations. The common European ε4-bearing haplotype is associated with AD but not with MCI, and the Africans lack this haplotype. Haplotypic inference revealed alleles that may confer protection against AD. By assessing the DNA methylation profile of the APOE haplotypes, we found that the AD-associated haplotype features elevated APOE CpG content, implying that this locus can also be regulated by genetic-epigenetic interactions. We showed that SNP frequency profiles within APOE locus are highly skewed to population-specific haplotypes, suggesting that the ancestral background within different sites at APOE gene may shape the disease phenotype. We propose that our results can be utilized for more specific risk assessment based on population descent of the individuals and on higher specificity of five site haplotypes associated with AD.
The influence of extension of the aromatic core of phthalocyanines derivatives on the properties of the functionalized single walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) is studied.For this purpose the comparative study of the structural features and sensing properties of the CNT functionalized with zinc 2,9,16,23-tetra-tert-butylphthalocyanine (ZnPc) and zinc 2,11,20,29-tetra-tert-butyl-2,3-naphthalocyanine complex (ZnNc) is carried out.The adsorption of ZnPc and ZnNc molecules onto the CNT surface has been confirmed by Raman spectroscopy, SEM, and thermogravimetric analysis.It was determined that the number of ZnNc molecules anchored on the CNT walls is more than the number of ZnPc molecules.The more preferable π-π interaction of ZnNc molecules with CNT appears to be due to the bigger number of π-electrons forming naphthalocyanine aromatic system.Thin films of pristine CNT, CNT/ZnPc and CNT/ZnNc hybrids were prepared by drop casting onto interdigitated electrodes and applied as active layers to detect ammonia vapour (10-50 ppm) by measuring electrical resistance changes.It has been shown that sensor response of the CNT/ ZnNc hybrid toward ammonia vapours is lager than that of CNT/ZnPc hybrid.
The effect of an optical pulsed discharge created by CO2-laser with an average power of up to 2.2 kW on the aerodynamic drag of a model in a supersonic air flow is experimentally investigated. Experiments were carried out in a supersonic wind tunnel MAU-M (diameter of the nozzle outlet dc = 50 mm) on the modes M = 1.36, Re1 = 1.4– 3.8*107 1/m. To ensure a stable optical breakdown, a jet of argon gas was introduced into the focusing region of the laser beam. As a result, a decrease in the aerodynamic force acting on the model was obtained. This decrease was 15% when a subsonic flow of argon was introduced into the main flow and another 15% when optical pulsed discharge was organized.
The traditional manual method of counting the progeny takes a long time and limits the opportunity of making large-scale experiments. Thus, the development of computerized methods that would allow us to automatically make a quantitative estimate of Drosophilamelanogaster fecundity is an urgent requirement.

A method for automation of imago quantifying and fecundity assessment in Drosophila with the use of mobile devices running Android operating system is proposed. We offer a modification of the mobile application SeedCounter that analyzes images of objects placed on a standard sheet of paper for an automatic calculation of D. melanogaster offspring or quantification of adult flies in any other kind of experiment.

The relative average error in estimates of the number of flies by mobile app is about 2% in comparison with the manual counting and the processing time is six times shorter. Study of the effects of imaging conditions on accuracy of flies counting showed that lighting conditions do not significantly affect this parameter, and higher accuracy can be achieved using high-resolution smartphone cameras (8 Mpx and more). These results indicate the high accuracy and efficiency of the method suggested.
This paper is an overview of an international research and practice workshop "Rock Art: Methods and Techniques of Documenting" which took place in July of 2018 at Shalabolino site as part of work of the Minusinsk Rock Art Research Expedition of IAET SB RAS. We estimate effectiveness of the proposed format of a scientific event and also describe modern approaches to documenting and analyzing rock art (engravings and paintings) at open air sites.
The article presents the results of an experimental study of pressure and velocity pulsations in the model of improved vortex furnace with distributed air supply and vertically oriented nozzles of the secondary blast.

Investigation of aerodynamic characteristics of a swirling flow with different regime parameters was conducted in an isothermal laboratory model (in 1:25 scale) of vortex furnace using laser Doppler measuring system and pressure pulsations analyzer.

The obtained results have revealed a number of features of the flow structure, and the spectral analysis of pressure and velocity pulsations allows to speak about the absence of large-scale unsteady vortical structures in the studied design.