Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Of all the models used by behavioral neuroscience the biosocial models are gaining in popularity among the scientists who study the consequences of chronic social conflicts and social stress in animals. One of such models, the Standardized Model for Repeated Social Defeat Stress (SMRSDS) (Golden et al., 2011) has been widely applied to produce important results on the molecular mechanisms of the social defeat stress (Berton et al., 2006). SMRSDS is a modified version of the Sensory Contact Model (SCM) (Kudryavtseva, 1991), which has been used by different laboratories in its original or modified forms for elucidating implications of chronic social conflicts. The basic design and justification of the SCM different stages are described in detail in the latest publication “Sensory contact model: Protocol, control, applications” (Kudryavtseva, 2011). Thus, it is now possible to compare similarities, differences and, as a consequence, strengths and weaknesses of these two behavioral
First observations of the $B^0_s \rightarrow \psi(2S) \eta$, $B^0 \rightarrow \psi(2S) \pi^+ \pi^-$ and $B^0_s \rightarrow \psi(2S) \pi^+ \pi^-$ decays are made using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0~$fb^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV.

The ratios of the branching fractions of each of the $\psi(2S)$ modes with respect to the corresponding $J/\psi$ decays are calculated with statistical, systematic, and branching fraction uncertainties.

The measured branching fraction ratios are: $\frac{\mathcal{B}(B^0_s \rightarrow \psi(2S) \eta) }{\mathcal{B}(B^0_s \rightarrow J/\psi \eta)} =0.83\pm0.14\,(stat)\pm0.12\,(syst)\pm0.02\,(\mathcalB})$, $\frac{\mathcal{B}(B^0 \rightarrow \psi(2S) \pi^+ \pi^-)}{\mathcal{B}(B^0 \rightarrow J/\psi \pi^+ \pi^-)} =0.56\pm0.07\,(stat)\pm0.05\,(syst)\pm0.01\,(\mathcal{B})$, $\frac{\mathcal{B}(B^0_s \rightarrow \psi(2S) \pi^+ \pi^-)}{\mathcal{B}(B^0_s \rightarrow J/\psi \pi^+ \pi^-)} =0.34\pm0.04\,(stat)\pm0.03\,(syst)\pm0.01\,(\mathcal{B})$, where the third uncertainty corresponds to the uncertainties of the dilepton branching fractions of the $J/\psi$ and $\psi(2S)$ meson decays.
The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) organizes the classification of viruses into taxa, but is not responsible for the nomenclature for taxa members. International experts groups, such as the ICTV Study Groups, recommend the classification and naming of viruses and their strains, variants, and isolates. The ICTV Filoviridae Study Group has recently introduced an updated classification and nomenclature for filoviruses. Subsequently, and together with numerous other filovirus experts, a consistent nomenclature for their natural genetic variants and isolates was developed that aims at simplifying the retrieval of sequence data from electronic databases. This is a first important step toward a viral genome annotation standard as sought by the US National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Here, this work is extended to include filoviruses obtained in the laboratory by artificial selection through passage in laboratory hosts. The previously developed template for natural filovirus genetic variant naming ( ///-) is retained, but it is proposed to adapt the type of information added to each field for laboratory animal-adapted variants. For instance, the full-length designation of an Ebola virus Mayinga variant adapted at the State Research Center for Virology and Biotechnology "Vector" to cause disease in guinea pigs after seven passages would be akin to "Ebola virus VECTOR/C.porcellus-lab/COD/1976/Mayinga-GPA-P7". As was proposed for the names of natural filovirus variants, we suggest using the full-length designation in databases, as well as in the method section of publications. Shortened designations (such as "EBOV VECTOR/C.por/COD/76/May-GPA-P7") and abbreviations (such as "EBOV/May-GPA-P7") could be used in the remainder of the text depending on how critical it is to convey information contained in the full-length name. "EBOV" would suffice if only one EBOV strain/variant/isolate is addressed.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key players in parasite-host communication and potential biomarkers for the detection of parasitic infections from host blood. Consequently, it is crucial to precisely know the miRNA complements of medically important agents such as the liver flukes of the Opisthorchiidae.

Using publicly available and new datasets we curated and reannotated the surprisingly small and variable miRNA complements previously described for Opistorchis viverrini, O. felineus and Clonorchis sinesis.

We find three highly similar miRNA complements with 53 identical and two miRNA genes with species specific sequences that signify a set of potential biomarkers and promising candidates for further investigations.
Field studies were carried out using electrotomography in the Sel’ungur cave (Kyrgyzstan) in 2017. In the course of this work, a question aroused about the reliability of the obtained data.

A numerical experiment based on three-dimensional modeling was performed to assess the influence of the walls and ceiling of the cave on the results of a two-dimensional inversion using the half-space program.

It has been established that in the case of diverging cave walls, their influence improves the result of inversion problem. So, the thickness of the loose sedimentary layer in the cave and the electrical resistivity of rocks are restored better than the inversion model of a two-layer half-space.
EEG cross-frequency amplitude-amplitude correlation (CF-AAC) has been considered as a potential marker of social anxiety and other affective disturbances. Functional significance of this phenomenon remains unclear, partly because the majority of studies used channel-level analysis, which precluded the spatial localization of observed effects. It is not also clear whether CF-AAC may serve as a marker of specific pathological conditions and specific states, or a more general predisposition to affective disturbances. We used source-level analysis of EEG data obtained in resting conditions in a nonclinical sample and patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and investigated associations of CF-AAC measures with a broad range of known risk factors for affective disorders, including age, gender, genotype, stress exposure, personality, and self-reported 'neurotic' symptomatology. A consistent pattern of associations showed that all investigated risk factors were associated with an enhancement of CF-AAC in cortical regions associated with emotional and self-referential processing. It could be concluded that CF-AAC is a promising candidate marker of a general predisposition to affective disorders at preclinical stages.
We compare two recently developed sets of source terms, based on different assumptions of wave energy input and dissipation, for Hasselmann equation.

The numerical simulation, performed for limited fetch conditions with the constant wind speed shows the difference in total energy and mean frequency distributions along the fetch as well as in wave energy spectra.

Possible reasons of such deviations are offered.
This paper describes measurements of mass distribution along a microparticle jet with the use of synchrotron radiation (SR) from the VEPP-3 collider. The SR "soft" spectrum made it possible to measure microparticle jets of a record (minimum) density of about 1 mg/cm3. Simultaneous recording of microparticle jets using piezoelectric sensors made it possible to compare and mutually complement their readings.
The wavelet analysis of the integral images can be used in extraction of the depth of the photographed/synthesized 3D objects. The result of the analysis, however, depends on the colour/texture of the object and thus can be ambiguous. In this paper, we propose to normalize the image before processing in order to avoid such an ambiguity, and to extract the depth without regard to the colour/texture. The proposed technique is verified in multiple integral/plenoptic images and can be applied to multiview and light-field displays as well.
The consideration is made with the use of a quasi-classical description of the gravitational shift that lies in the frame of nonmetric theories of gravity. It is assumed that the cosmological potential is formed by all matter of the Universe (including dark matter and dark energy) and that it is spatially uniform on planet scales.

In our method, the tick rates of identical atomic clocks are compared at two points with different gravitational potentials, i.e. at different heights. In this case, the information on ΦCP is contained in the cosmological correction α≠0 in the relationship Δω/ω=(1+α)Δφ/c2between the relative change of the frequencies Δω/ω (in atomic clocks) and the difference of the gravitational potential Δφ at the measurement points.

We have estimated the low limit of cosmological correction, α>10-6. It is shown that using a modern atomic clock of the optical range it is possible to measure the value of α in earth-based experiments if |α|>10-5. The obtained results, in the case of their experimental confirmation, will open up new unique opportunities for the study of the Universe and the testing of various cosmological models. These results will also increase the measurement accuracy in relativistic geodesy, chronometric gravimetry, global navigation systems, and global networks of atomic clocks.
Aporrectodea caliginosa is a universally distributed and highly abundant peregrine earthworm that is the object of many ecological and ecotoxicological studies. Molecular phylogenetic analysis suggested that A. caliginosa consists of three highly diverged genetic lineages. In this study, we investigated morphological diversity within a sample of these three lineages from Belarus. We detected a variety of forms with different degrees of pigmentation and a shift in the clitellum position. The three genetic lineages of A. caliginosa demonstrated different propensity to particular morphological variants, including size, colour, and the clitellum position, yet no character could be used to distinguish among the lineages with sufficient accuracy. Thus, our results suggest that identification of the genetic lineage should be recommended for ecological studies involving A. caliginosa to account for possible differences between them.
The use of artificial data to evaluate the performance of aligners and peak callers not only improves its accuracy and reliability, but also makes it possible to reduce the computational time. One of the natural ways to achieve such time reduction is by mapping a single chromosome. We investigated whether a single chromosome mapping causes any artefacts in the alignments' performances.

In this paper, we compared the accuracy of the performance of seven aligners on well-controlled simulated benchmark data which was sampled from a single chromosome and also from a whole genome. We found that commonly used statistical methods are insufficient to evaluate an aligner performance, and applied a novel measure of a read density distribution similarity, which allowed to reveal artefacts in aligners' performances. We also calculated some interesting mismatch statistics, and constructed mismatch frequency distributions along the read.

The generation of artificial data by mapping of reads generated from a single chromosome to a reference chromosome is justified from the point of view of reducing the benchmarking time. The proposed quality assessment method allows to identify the inherent shortcoming of aligners that are not detected by conventional statistical methods, and can affect the quality of alignment of real data.
The paper presents the results of systematic measurements of the thermal conductivity coefficient of nanofluids at room temperature. It is shown that the thermal conductivity of all considered nanofluids depend on concentration, nanopartical size, as well as the base fluid properties. It was revealed that thermal conductivity coefficient of nanofluids increases with increasing concentration and size of nanoparticles.
High values of electrical conductivity are obtained at the detonation of condensed high explosives with the formula C a H b N c O d . Such values can be explained only in the framework of the contact conductivity hypothesis. In this case, the conductivity is provided by elongated highly-conductive structures which penetrate the whole space of the detonation wave.

This work is devoted to the investigation of the detonation soot of high explosives with a significant carbon content

in order to discover elongated structures supporting the contact conductivity hypothesis.
Time series forecasting is an important research topic with many practical applications. As shown earlier, the problems of lossless data compression and prediction are very similar mathematically.

In this article, we propose several forecasting methods based on real-world data compressors. We consider predicting univariate and multivariate data, describe how multiple data compressors can be combined into one forecasting method with automatic selection of the best algorithm for the input data. We also propose a way to reduce the computation time of the combined method by using the so-called time-universal codes.

The developed forecasting techniques are not inferior to the known ones. To test the proposed techniques, we make predictions for real-world data such as sunspot numbers and some social indicators of Novosibirsk region, Russia. The results of our computations show that the described methods find non-trivial regularities in data, and time universal codes can reduce the computation time without losing accuracy.
In the past three decades, the higher education system of China has shown the most dynamic development. One of the reasons is the president responsibility under the leadership of the Party committee, which was introduced in public universities in the early 1990s and corresponds to the national traditions as the fundamental management system in Chinese general universities. Recent changes in the Chinese society and economy have led to the establishment of private and joint universities, which determined transformations of this management system and the development of several university management systems. The article aims at describing the features of the contemporary university management systems of different forms of ownership in China together with their advantages and disadvantages. The article provides a brief review of the history of the development of public university management systems from the founding of the PRC to the present day; explains the main features of the Chinese higher education system and the changes in the number of public, private and joint universities in the past ten years. The authors focus on the management systems of public, private and joint universities to show that the management system of the university of any form of ownership consists of three parts - decision-making, practices and control. The article explains the specifics of relations between the highest governing bodies of the university - party committee, president and governing board (board of directors) - and the real system of relations between the administrative and academic authorities. The article is based on the data of the Chinese Ministry of Education, laws and other regulations of the Chinese government in the higher education, websites of the leading Chinese universities, and publications available on the Chinese Internet.
МЕТОД КОМПЕНСАЦИИ НЕЛИНЕЙНЫХ ИСКАЖЕНИЙ СИГНАЛА В ВОЛОКОННЫХ СИСТЕМАХ СВЯЗИ НА ОСНОВЕ ТЕОРИИ ВОЗМУЩЕНИЙ И МАШИННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯВ статье исследуется метод компенсации внутриканальных и межканальных нелинейных искажений оптического сигнала для волоконных систем связи со спектральным уплотнением каналов.

В его основе лежит дискретная модель, связывающая переданные и принятые символы, построенная на анализе возмущений первого порядка системы уравнений Манакова.

Реализация метода осуществляется с помощью
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) catalyzes the cleavage of the phosphodiester bond between the tyrosine residue of topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) and the 3' phosphate of DNA in the single-strand break generated by TOP1. TDP1 promotes the cleavage of the stable DNA-TOP1 complexes with the TOP1 inhibitor topotecan, which is a clinically used anticancer drug. This article reports the synthesis and study of usnic acid thioether and sulfoxide derivatives that efficiently suppress TDP1 activity, with IC50 values in the 1.4-25.2 μM range. The structure of the heterocyclic substituent introduced into the dibenzofuran core affects the TDP1 inhibitory efficiency of the compounds. A five-membered heterocyclic fragment was shown to be most pharmacophoric among the others. Sulfoxide derivatives were less cytotoxic than their thioester analogs. We observed an uncompetitive type of inhibition for the four most effective inhibitors of TDP1. The anticancer effect of TOP1 inhibitors can be enhanced by the simultaneous inhibition of PARP1, TDP1, and TDP2. Some of the compounds inhibited not only TDP1 but also TDP2 and/or PARP1, but at significantly higher concentration ranges than TDP1. Leader compound 10a showed promising synergy on HeLa cells in conjunction with the TOP1 inhibitor topotecan.
The liver fluke Opisthorchis felineus is a member of the triad of epidemiologically relevant species of the trematode family Opisthorchiidae, and the causative agent of opisthorchiasis felinea over an extensive range that spans regions of Eurasia. The International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies the infection with the liver flukes Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis as group 1 agents and a major risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma. However, the carcinogenic potential of the infection with O. felineus is less clear.

Here, we present findings that support the inclusion of O. felineus in the Group 1 list of biological carcinogens. Two discrete lines of evidence support the notion that infection with this liver fluke is carcinogenic. First, novel oxysterol-like metabolites detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy in the egg and adult developmental stages of O. felineus, and in bile, sera, and urine of liver fluke-infected hamsters exhibited marked similarity to oxysterol-like molecules known from O. viverrini. Numerous oxysterols and related DNA-adducts detected in the liver fluke eggs and in bile from infected hamsters suggested that infection-associated oxysterols induced chromosomal lesions in host cells. Second, histological analysis of liver sections from hamsters infected with O. felineus confirmed portal area enlargement, inflammation with severe periductal fibrosis and changes in the epithelium of the biliary tract characterized as biliary intraepithelial neoplasia, BilIN.

The consonance of these biochemical and histopathological changes revealed that O. felineus infection in this rodent model induced precancerous lesions conducive to malignancy.
The physical mechanisms of the deformation-induced structural transformations in molecular crystals, including morphological changes, amorphization and molecular polymorphous conversions in nano-dispersed bioinorganic compounds are discussed in this work.

Integrated study using direct structural and structure-sensitive spectroscopic methods allowed obtaining the data on polymorphous transformations, taking place during mechanical activation in calcium gluconate monohydrate (CG).

One of the possible reasons for lattice polymorphous transformations and amorphization, observed in the course of mechanical activation of low-symmetry molecular crystals, might be the spatial molecular isomerization.In this case, the disappearance of the translational invariance of the lattice is conditioned by the simultaneous coexistence of the reactants and reaction products, which have dierent stereoorganization of the molecular structure.
The work is devoted to the study of a precessing vortex core (PVC) in a swirling gas-liquid flow in an axisymmetric hydrodynamic chamber. The influence of the dispersed gas phase on the frequency of PVC precession and on the pressure in the hydrodynamic chamber is considered, and a correlation of the changes in these characteristics depending on gas content variation is demonstrated. The effect of flow swirling on the precession of the vortex core is shown. Experimental data for the two-phase flow are compared with the case of single-phase system.
To achieve a high activity and coking stability of nickel catalysts in dry reforming of methane, materials comprised of ceria–zirconia doped by Ti were investigated as supports.

Ceria–zirconia supports doped with titanium were prepared either via the Pechini method or by synthesis in supercritical alcohol media. Ni-containing catalysts were prepared by two techniques: standard incipient wetness impregnation and one-pot synthesis. The catalytic reaction of DRM to synthesis gas was carried out in the 600–750 °C range over 5% wt. Ni/Ce(Ti)ZrO2. Dried and calcined supports and catalysts were characterized by physicochemical methods including N2 adsorption, XRD, Raman, H2-TPR, and HRTEM.

Both preparation methods led to formation of solid solution with cubic fluorite-like structure, as well as after addition of Ti. Introduction of Ti should provide improved oxygen storage capacity and mobility of support oxygen. The highest activity was observed with the catalyst of 5% wt. Ni/Ce0.75Ti0.2Zr0.05O2−δ composition due to optimized oxide support structure and support oxygen mobility.
We apply well established concepts of adaptive wave front shaping used in imaging through turbid medium to detect detrimental phase modulated sequences in multi-carrier optical communications that can cause extreme power fluctuations due to dispersion enhanced interference of information symbols.
Electrocardiographic measures of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) are used as predictors of cardiovascular risk. We combined linkage and association analyses to discover novel rare genetic variants involved in three such measures and two principal components derived from them.The study was conducted among participants from the Erasmus Rucphen Family Study (ERF), a Dutch family-based sample from the southwestern Netherlands. Variance components linkage analyses were performed using Merlin. Regions of interest (LOD > 1.9) were fine-mapped using microarray and exome sequence data.We observed one significant LOD score for the second principal component on chromosome 15 (LOD score = 3.01) and 12 suggestive LOD scores. Several loci contained variants identified in GWAS for these traits; however, these did not explain the linkage peaks, nor did other common variants. Exome sequence data identified two associated variants after multiple testing corrections were applied.We did not find common SNPs explaining these linkage signals. Exome sequencing uncovered a relatively rare variant in MAPK3K11 on chromosome 11 (MAF = 0.01) that helped account for the suggestive linkage peak observed for the first principal component. Conditional analysis revealed a drop in LOD from 2.01 to 0.88 for MAP3K11, suggesting that this variant may partially explain the linkage signal at this chromosomal location. MAP3K11 is related to the JNK pathway and is a pro-apoptotic kinase that plays an important role in the induction of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in various pathologies, including LVH.