Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The evolution of a controlled broadband wave packet in flat-plate and swept-wing supersonic boundary layers was experimentally investigated at Mach number M = 2. The wave packet was introduced into the boundary layer by a localized pulse electrical discharge. The structure and evolution downstream of the wave packet were studied by hot-wire measurements. It was found that the wave packet has a symmetric shape in a flat-plate boundary layer, whereas there is asymmetry in case of a swept-wing one. The spectral analysis of the development of different modes of the wave packet was provided.
A twisted BODIPY shows efficient intersystem crossing

triplet state quantum yield: 45% and delocalized long-lived triplet state lifetime: 4.5 ms
A search is performed for the central exclusive production of pairs of charmonia produced in proton-proton collisions. Using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of collected at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, and pairs are observed, which have been produced in the absence of any other activity inside the LHCb acceptance that is sensitive to charged particles in the pseudorapidity ranges and . Searches are also performed for pairs of P-wave charmonia and limits are set on their production. The cross-sections for these processes, where the dimeson system has a rapidity between 2.0 and 4.5, are measured to be
Liquid phase pentanol condensation in solutions of nonpolar hydrocarbons as well as in solventfree conditions was studied in the presence of platinum group metals (platinum, palladium, iridium, ruthenium, and rhodium) supported on mesoporous carbon support Sibunit as well as on metal oxidesalumina, zirconia and ceria.

This reaction was carried out in a batch mode in the temperature range 140-200 °C, under nitrogen pressure 1 -10 bar in the presence of catalysts and a base -NaOH. The effect of metals as catalysts and reaction conditions on pentanol conversion and selectivity to 2-propylheptanol was studied.

It was shown that pentanol condensation mainly resulted in formation of the target product 2-propylheptanol (Guerbet alcohol), whereas pentanal, 2-propyl-2-heptenal, 2-propyl-1-heptanal, 2-propyl-1-heptenol were observed in minor quantities. The reaction temperature increase not only as expected accelerates the reaction rate but in addition improves selectivity to 2-propylheptanol. Conversion of pentanol increased in the rowIr/CeO 2 << Rh/Al 2 O 3 < Pd/ZrO 2 < Ru/C < Ir/C < Pd/C < Pt/C < Pt/Al 2 O 3 .Selectivity to 2-propylheptanol was elevated over metallic catalysts in the sequence Ir/CeO 2 << Ir/C < Ru/C < Rh/Al 2 O 3 ~ Pd/C ~ Pt/C ~ Pd/ZrO 2 ~ Pt/Al 2 O 3 being substantially influenced by temperature increase.The highest yield of 2-propylheptanol under comparable conditions was demonstrated for Pd/C, Pt/C и Pt/Al 2 O 3 catalysts.
A new technique is proposed to carry out Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE) experiments at high magnetic fields. SABRE is a method, which utilizes spin order transfer from para-hydrogen to the spins of a substrate in transient complexes using suitable catalysts. Such a transfer of spin order is efficient at low magnetic fields, notably, in the Level Anti-Crossing (LAC) regions. Here it is demonstrated that LAC conditions can also be fulfilled at high fields in the rotating reference frame under the action of an RF-field. Spin mixing at LACs allows one to polarize substrates at high fields as well; the achievable NMR enhancements are around 360 for the ortho-protons of partially deuterated pyridine used as a substrate and around 700 for H2 and substrate in the active complex with the catalyst. High-field SABRE effects have also been found for several other molecules containing a nitrogen atom in the aromatic ring.
We study the radiation build-up in laminar and turbulent generation regimes in quasi-CW Raman fiber laser. We found the resulted spectral shape and generation type is defined by the total spectral broadening/narrowing balance over laser cavity round-trip, which is substantially different in different regimes starting from first round-trips of the radiation build-up. In turbulent regime, the steady-state is reached only after a few round-trips, while in the laminar regime the laser approaches the equilibrium spectrum shape asymptotically.
In this article, we investigate the use of laser processing to create effective surface contacts on multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/polyethylene composites.Due to the photothermal conversion effect induced by laser radiation, MWCNTs can enhance thermal destruction and removal of the polymer from the composite surface.The structure of pristine and lasermodified composites is characterized by Raman spectroscopy, optical and scanning electron microscopy.It was found that in pristine composites only a small part of MWCNTs is located directly on the surface of the film, which is associated with the high work of polymer adhesion to the nanotube surface and the surface tension forces of the polymer matrix melt.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman scattering demonstrate that in the surface contacts formed under the action of laser radiation, the polymer matrix is removed from the near-surface layer.The presence of MWCNTs with an unchanged structure and a small amount of amorphous carbon material was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy.The conductivity of pristine and modified composites was characterized by a series of current-voltage characteristic measurements with the through-plane 4-point probe.It was found that laser treatment of the composite surface leads to an increase in the measured volume conductivity by 1-2 orders of magnitude, depending on the content of MWCNTs.At the same time, the removal of the near-surface layer of the polymer by laser treatment makes it possible to reduce the contribution of the contact resistance to the resistance of the composite measured by 2-point probe from 55-77 to 0.18-5.3%for composites with an MWCNT content of 2.5-4 wt%.
The discrete dipole approximation (DDA) is a general volume-discretization method for simulating optical properties of arbitrary particles.

We employ the formulation of the DDA with rectangular-cuboid dipoles (voxels) and analyze it in the limit of very small thicknesses of both dipole and scatterer. Taking the limit of zero thickness greatly simplifies the theoretical formulation, resulting in the Rayleigh-Debye-Gans approximation combined with the boundary conditions at the plane interface. This can also be computed in the framework of the DDA, for which we developed a specialized modification of the open-source code ADDA.

We also proved that the scattering quantities computed with the standard (3D) code are independent of number of dipoles along the particle thickness, when the latter is sufficiently small. This justifies the usage of dipole monolayers for practical simulations, including those for finite-width metasurfaces.
Explosion in the planetary interior and the ejection of the part of outer layers of the planet into orbit to form a satellite makes it possible to explain the elemental and isotopic composition of the Moon.

Satellite formation has been simulated for a two-dimensional geometry using molecular dynamics methods for up to hundreds of thousands particles. The particles are asteroid-size bodies (diameter of about 100 km) which interact with each other according to Newton's law. The properties of the compact material are described by a short-range potential.

A number of calculations with varying initial conditions have shown the scenario of the explosive origin of the Moon to be realistic and preferred over other hypotheses.
Results of the studies into the effect of trap magmatism on the geochemistry of gases (free and dissolved in water) and their zoning within the boundaries of north-western regions of the Siberian Platform are reported. The maximal paleotemperatures at the moment of trap intrusion reached 650 °C at the contact for the major productive horizons: Silurian (Devilish), Ordovician (Baikit), and Cambrian (Deltulino-Tanachinsky, Abakunsky, and Moktakonsky). Hydrocarbon gases in the free and water-dissolved phases were subjected to degradation in the most active form. For instance, carbon dioxide dominates, with its content more than 90 vol. % and methane content up to 5 vol. % in intrusion-affected zone at a distance up to 100 m, while at a distance of 250 m CO 2 concentration decreases to 30 vol. %, and CH 4 concentration increases to 60-70 vol. %. No significant effect of the thickness of intrusion on gas composition was revealed.
The technique for the experiments with moving microthermocouple across the liquid-gas systems with interfaces is presented. The experimental setup, apparatus and automation technique for temperature profile measurements are described.

The special software for automation, processing and synchronization of the experimental procedure and data is developed. The software allows one to control the progress of the experiment, such as evaluation of various equipment delays.

The data can be collected and stored in an accessible and comprehensive form. The typical experimental values are automatically obtained. The use of program minimizes the human factor.
We describe a fast, simple method for the fabrication of reusable, robust gold nanostructures over macroscopic (cm(2)) areas. A wide range of nanostructure morphologies is accessible in a combinatorial fashion. Self-assembled monolayers of alkylthiolates on chromium-primed polycrystalline gold films are patterned using a Lloyd's mirror interferometer and etched using mercaptoethylamine in ethanol in a rapid process that does not require access to clean-room facilities. The use of a Cr adhesion layer facilitates the cleaning of specimens by immersion in piranha solution, enabling their repeated reuse without significant change in their absorbance spectra over two years. A library of 200 different nanostructures was prepared and found to exhibit a range of optical behavior. Annealing yielded structures with a uniformly high degree of crystallinity that exhibited strong plasmon bands. Using a combinatorial approach, correlations were established between the preannealing morphologies (determined by the fabrication conditions) and the postannealing optical properties that enabled specimens to be prepared "to order" with a selected localized surface plasmon resonance. The refractive index sensitivity of gold nanostructures formed in this way was found to correlate closely with measurements reported for structures fabricated by other methods. Strong enhancements were observed in the Raman spectra of tetra-tert-butyl-substituted phthalocyanine. The shift in the position of the plasmon band after site-specific attachment of histidine-tagged green fluorescent protein (His-GFP) and bacteriochlorophyll a was measured for a range of nanostructured films, enabling the rapid identification of the one that yielded the largest shift. This approach offers a simple route to the production of durable, reusable, macroscopic arrays of gold nanostructures with precisely controllable morphologies.
Growing evidence suggests that intestinal mucosa homeostasis impacts immunity, metabolism, the Central Nervous System (CNS), and behavior.

Here, we investigated the effect of the monosaccharide fucose on inflammation, metabolism, intestinal microbiota, and social behavior in the Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced chronic colitis mouse model. Our data show that chronic colitis is accompanied by the decrease of the serum tryptophan level and the depletion of the intestinal microbiota, specifically tryptophan-producing E. coli and Bifidobacterium. These changes are associated with defects in the male mouse social behavior such as a lack of preference towards female bedding in an odor preference test. The addition of fucose to the test animals' diet altered the bacterial community, increased the abundance of tryptophan-producing E. coli, normalized blood tryptophan levels, and ameliorated social behavior deficits. At the same time, we observed no ameliorating effect of fucose on colon morphology and colitis.

Our results suggest a possible mechanism by which intestinal inflammation affects social behavior in male mice. We propose fucose as a promising prebiotic, since it creates a favorable environment for the beneficial bacteria that promote normalization of serum tryptophan level and amelioration of the behavioral abnormalities in the odor preference test.
This special issue is based on the results of a German-Russian-Ukrainian project supported by the Volkswa-genStiftung to analyze the biological mechanisms of co-morbid multifactorial diseases.One of the most urgent problems of modern medicine is related to the identification of molecular targets of drugs for the treatment of co-morbid diseases in humans.Achievements in various omics technologies have made it possible to study risks of diseases of interest at different molecular levels.Therefore, systems biology is developed to determine the effect of combined molecular pathways to build the causal link between genotype and phenotype.Such work showed that the diseases tend to exhibit co-morbidity if they share susceptibility genes.In this project the focus is hypertension and bronchial asthma as an example of common co-morbid diseases.Shared genes associated with the development of hypertension and asthma are identified, such as ADRB2, TNF, NOS, and many others.The goal of this project was to expand the knowledge on the mechanism and identify new drug targets for co-morbid diseases in humans using such frequently co-morbid observed pathologies as asthma and hypertension.The project partner from Novosibirsk identified important genes that are involved in co-morbid links between asthma and hypertension by using text-and data-mining techniques.The result of this work is presented in Saik et al. relevant targets have been prioritized using well-known methods (ToppGene and Endeavor) and a cross-talk centrality criterion, calculated by analysis of associative gene networks from ANDSystem.Top 100 prioritized genes were found to exhibit significant positive dynamics in the frequency of mentioning them in scientific publications, suggesting increasing interest in the studies of these genes.The clinical and genetic data for this project came from the project partner of Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.Therefore, Bragina et al. are describing a genetic aspect of different clinical phenotypes.The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the identified genes by using bioinformatics approach were studied in patients with isolated and co-morbid diseases.It has been established that SNPs associated with comorbidity differs from SNPs associated with isolated asthma and hypertension.Molecular links of comorbidity of asthma and hypertension may be due to genes TLR4, CAT, ANG.Furthermore, based on the clinical data and semi-automatic data mining approaches a new database was developed and implemented, which presents the positive and negative drug list for asthma and hypertension.This new database is presented in Shoshi et al.A web-based implementation of this database allows the access to this information via internet.Finally, Drevytska et al. present pilot experiments and results about experimentally confirmed functionality changes of the target which was predicted in silico (Saik et al.) to be associated with both asthma and hypertension.
A sample of B+B− pairs are tagged by reconstructing one B+ meson decaying semileptonically. This result confirms the evidence for B−→τ−ν¯τ obtained in a previous Belle measurement that used a hadronic B tagging method.

We present a measurement of the decay B−→τ−ν¯τ using a data sample containing 657×106 BB¯ pairs collected at the Υ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e− collider. We detect the B−→τ−ν¯τ candidate in the recoil.

We obtain a signal with a significance of 3.6 standard deviations including systematic uncertainties, and measure the branching fraction to be B(B−→τ−ν¯τ)=[1.54−0.37+0.38(stat)−0.31+0.29(syst)]×10−4.
A new synthetic pathway to diradical organic systems is proposed. The effectiveness of this approach was exemplified by the synthesis of a new nitroxide diradical. An interaction of perfluorobiphenyl with lithium tert-butylamide, followed by oxidation of the thusly formed N4,N4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′,3,3′,5,5′,6,6′-octafluorobiphenyl-4,4′-diamine with meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, led to the polyfluorinated nitroxide diradical, N,N′-(perfluorobiphenyl-4,4′-diyl)bis(N-tert-butyl(oxyl)amine), with a good total yield. The polyfluorinated diradical is stable and can be isolated in free form and completely characterized. The structure of the nitroxide diradical was proved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. According to the X-ray diffraction data, the diradical is considerably twisted: dihedral angles between the planes of the nitroxide groups and aromatic cycles are 65.1° and 69.5°, and between aromatic cycles 52.6°. Quantum chemical calculations predict well-balanced size of both intramolecular and intermolecular exchange interactions with J from −2.65 to −1.14 cm−1.
ВЫЯВЛЕНИЕ УЧАСТКОВ ДНК, СПЕЦИФИЧНЫХ ДЛЯ РЕГУЛЯТОРНЫХ РАЙОНОВ КОНТРОЛИРУЕМЫХ ГЛЮКОКОРТИКОИДАМИ ГЕНОВ

МЕТОДОМ КОМПЬЮТЕРНОГО АНАЛИЗА

Т. И
Development of anxiety- and depression-like states under chronic social defeat stress in mice has been shown by many experimental studies. In this article, the differentially expressed Slc25* family genes encoding mitochondrial carrier proteins were analyzed in the brain of depressive (defeated) mice versus aggressive mice winning in everyday social confrontations. The collected samples of brain regions were sequenced at JSC Genoanalytica ( http://genoanalytica.ru/ , Moscow, Russia). Changes in the expression of the 20 Slc25* genes in the male mice were brain region- and social experience (positive or negative)-specific. In particular, most Slc25* genes were up-regulated in the hypothalamus of defeated and aggressive mice and in the hippocampus of defeated mice. In the striatum of defeated mice and in the ventral tegmental area of aggressive mice expression of mitochondrial transporter genes changed specifically. Significant correlations between expression of most Slc25* genes and mitochondrial Mrps and Mrpl genes were found in the brain regions. Altered expression of the Slc25* genes may serve as a marker of mitochondrial dysfunction in brain, which accompanies the development of many neurological and psychoemotional disorders.
This paper describes a simple approach to obtain hybrids of single-walled carbon nanotubes with therapeutically relevant oligonucleotides

that are able to be released upon glutathione treatment at physiological concentrations
For accurate species-level identification of microorganisms, researchers today increasingly use a combination of standard microbiological cultivation and visual observation methods with molecular biological and genetic techniques that help distinguish between species and strains of microorganisms at the level of DNA or RNA molecules.

The aim of this work was to identify microorganisms from the ICG SB RAS Collection using an integrated approach that involves a combination of various phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Key molecular-genetic and phenotypic characteristics were determined for 93 microbial strains from the ICG SB RAS Collection. The strains were characterized by means of morphological, physiological, moleculargenetic, and mass-spectrometric parameters. Specific features of the growth of the strains on different media were determined, and cell morphology was evaluated. The strains were tested for the ability to utilize various substrates. The strains studied were found to significantly differ in their biochemical characteristics. Physiological characteristics of the strains from the collection were identified too, e. g., the relationship with oxygen, type of nutrition, suitable temperature and pH ranges, and NaCl tolerance.

In this work, the microorganisms analyzed were combined into separate groups based on the similarities of their phenotypic characteristics. This categorization, after further refinement and expansion of the spectrum of taxa and their metabolic maps, may serve as the basis for the creation of an 'artificial' classification that can be used as a key for simplified and quicker identification and recognition of microorganisms within both the ICG SB RAS Collection and other collections.
This paper focuses on the stability of open queueing systems under stationary ergodic assumptions. It defines a set of conditions, the monotone separable framework , ensuring that the stability region is given by the following saturation rule: ‘saturate' the queues which are fed by the external arrival stream; look at the ‘intensity' μ of the departure stream in this saturated system; then stability holds whenever the intensity of the arrival process, say λ satisfies the condition λ < μ , whereas the network is unstable if λ > μ . Whenever the stability condition is satisfied, it is also shown that certain state variables associated with the network admit a finite stationary regime which is constructed pathwise using a Loynes-type backward argument. This framework involves two main pathwise properties, external monotonicity and separability, which are satisfied by several classical queueing networks. The main tool for the proof of this rule is subadditive ergodic theory. It is shown that, for various problems, the proposed method provides an alternative to the methods based on Harris recurrence and regeneration; this is particularly true in the Markov case, where we show that the distributional assumptions commonly made on service or arrival times so as to ensure Harris recurrence can in fact be relaxed.
It has recently been demonstrated experimentally that $200\text{--}300$ keV electrons with the unusual spatial profiles can be produced and even focused to a subnanometer scale---namely, electrons carrying nonzero orbital angular momentum and also the so-called Airy beams. Since the wave functions of such electrons do not represent plane waves, the standard Born formula for scattering of them off a potential field is no longer applicable and, hence, needs modification. In the present paper, we address the generic problem of elastic scattering of a wave packet of a fast nonrelativistic particle off a potential field. We obtain simple and convenient formulas for a number of events and an effective cross section in such a scattering, which represent generalization of the Born formula for a case when finite sizes and spatial inhomogeneity of the initial packet should be taken into account. As a benchmark, we consider two simple models corresponding to scattering of a Gaussian wave packet on a Gaussian potential and on a hydrogen atom, and perform a detailed analysis of the effects brought about by the limited sizes of the incident beam and by the finite impact parameter between the potential center and the packet's axis.
The experiments have been carried out with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 e+e− collider in the energy range from 0.3 to 2.0 GeV.

The cross sections for the processes e+e− → ωπ0, K+K−, 3π, ηπ+π−, ηγ, pp̄, nn̄ have been measured.