Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
We present the result of the search for the rare $B$ meson decay of ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\ell}}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ with $\ensuremath{\ell}=\mathrm{e},\ensuremath{\mu}$. For the search the full data set recorded by the Belle experiment of $711\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ integrated luminosity near the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4\mathrm{S})$ resonance is used.

Signal candidates are reconstructed for photon energies ${E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$ larger than 1 GeV using a novel multivariate tagging algorithm. The novel algorithm fully reconstructs the second $B$ meson produced in the collision using hadronic modes and was specifically trained to recognize the signal signature in combination with hadronic tag-side $B$ meson decays. This approach greatly enhances the performance. Background processes that can mimic this signature, mainly charmless semileptonic decays and continuum processes, are suppressed using multivariate methods. The number of signal candidates is determined by analyzing the missing mass squared distribution as inferred from the signal side particles and the kinematic properties of the tag-side $B$ meson.

No significant excess over the background-only hypothesis is observed and upper limits on the partial branching fraction $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}\mathcal{B}$ with ${E}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}>1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ individually for electron and muon final states as well as for the average branching fraction of both lepton final states are reported. We find a Bayesian upper limit of $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}\mathcal{B}({B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\ell}}\ensuremath{\gamma})0.24\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ at 90% CL.
We discuss some problems concerning the application of perturbative QCD to high energy soft processes.

summing the contributions of the lowest twist operators for non-singlet $t$-channel

leads to a Regge-like amplitude. Singlet case is also discussed.
The current paper is concerned with linguocultural (ethnolinguistic) analysis of australianisms as culture specific words which are either not found in British English (the mother tongue) or are different from their British counterparts to some extent.

The novelty of the approach to studying these lexical units is in looking at them in terms of their functioning in speech and pragmatics based on the most sensitive to social change and dynamic type of discourse – the media (The material was drawn for the national papers 'The Daily Telegraph, Australia' and 'The Australian' over the past decade). By means of the random selection method, definitional and contextual analyses six key concepts have been identified.

Six key concepts have been identified (fair go, fair dinkum, larrikin, battler, bludger, (hard) yakka – the last word being aboriginal) and their place in the national identity structure defined. Also, we found some differences in how the same australianisms were presented and ranked in either paper manifesting certain values (for example, battler) or anti-values (for example, bludger) depending on the editorial board's opinion and/or the content. One of the most interesting results we got was a shift in connotations of several australianisms.
Aim . To study the association of new polymorphisms with sudden cardiac death (SCD) in men. Material and methods . The SCD group (n=278) was formed using guidelines of the World Health Organization and the European Society of Cardiology. The autopsy material was taken from the men who died suddenly outside the prevention and treatment facilities who underwent medicolegal examination according to a standard protocol. The average age in the SCD group was 53,2±8,7 years. The control group (n=274) was selected by sex and age from the DNA bank formed during the international studies of MONICA and HAPIEE. The mean age of men in the control group was 53.±8,3 years. Genomic DNA was separated from myocardial tissue and venous blood by the method of phenol-chloroform extraction. Rs10503929, rs7121, rs6730157, rs11720524, rs7737692, rs7521023 polymorphisms were tested using real-time PCR. The insertion- deletion polymorphisms rs.0692285 and rs39.7 were genotyped by PCR with flanking primers followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 13.0 software package. Results . By comparison the frequencies of rs7121 genotypes in the studied groups of Novosibirsk, an increase in the proportion of CC genotype carriers in the group with SCD (OR=.6, 95% CI 1,1-2,2; p=0,025) was found. The carriage of the rs.0692285 ID genotype reduces the risk of SCD (OR=0,6, 95% CI 0,4-0,9; p=0,0M). A carriage of the rs39.7 ID genotype increases the risk of SCD (OR=.5, 95% CI 1,1-2,2; p=0,020). Conclusion . The rs7121 of the GNAS gene, the rs.0692285 of the RYR2 gene, and the rs39.7 of the COL1A2 gene are associated with SCD. Rs10503929, rs6730157, rs11720524, rs7737692, rs7521023 polymorphisms do not associate with SCD in the men of Novosibirsk.
A new suite of 173 clinopyroxene grains from heavy-mineral concentrates of the diamondiferous Novinka kimberlite (Upper Muna field, Yakutia) has been analyzed for major and minor elements with an electron microprobe to perform a thermobarometric study and model the thermal structure of the Archean Upper Muna lithospheric mantle.

Scrupulous evaluation of propagation of analytical uncertainties on pressure estimates revealed that (1) the single-clinopyroxene geobarometer can be very sensitive to analytical uncertainties for particular clinopyroxene compositions, and that (2) most clinopyroxenes from Novinka have compositions that are sensitive to analytical uncertainties, notwithstanding their apparent compositional suitability for single-clinopyroxene thermobarometry based on previously proposed application limits. A test on various mantle clinopyroxenes containing different proportions of the sensitive elements Cr, Na, and Al allowed us to identify clinopyroxene compositions that produce unacceptably high propagated errors and to define appropriate analytical conditions (i.e., higher beam currents and longer counting times for specific elements) that allow precise P-T estimates to be obtained for sensitive compositions. Based on the results of our analytical test, and taking into account the intrinsic limitations of the single-clinopyroxene thermobarometer, we have designed a new protocol for optimum thermobarometry, which uses partly revised compositional filters.

The new protocol permits precise computation of the conductive paleogeotherm at Novinka with the single-clinopyroxene thermobarometer of Nimis and Taylor (2000). Thermal modeling of the resulting P-T estimates indicates a ~34 mW/m2 surface heat flow, a thermal lithosphere thickness of ~225 km, and an over 100 km thick "diamond window" beneath Novinka in the middle Paleozoic (344–361 Ma). We estimate that appropriate analytical conditions may extend the applicability of single-clinopyroxene thermobarometry to over 90% of clinopyroxene-bearing garnet peridotites and pyroxenites and to ~70% of chromian-diopside inclusions in diamonds. In all cases, application to clinopyroxenes with Cr/(Cr+Al)mol 4.5 GPa.
For the past five years methyl-ammonium lead trihalide perovskite solar cells have shown remarkable progress in power conversion efficiencies due to their unique properties. Single CH3NH3PbI3 crystals were grown on the base of concentrated aqueous solution condensation of the precursor. The grown crystal structure and stoichiometry were studied by RHEED, X-ray and XPS. The perovskite crystal photocurrent spectra were measured in the temperature range of 85-330 K.
A search for radiative decays of the P-wave spin singlet charmonium resonance h_{c} is performed based on 4.48×10^{8} ψ^{'} events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring.

Events of the reaction channels h_{c}→γη^{'} and γη are observed with a statistical significance of 8.4σ and 4.0σ, respectively, for the first time.

The branching fractions of h_{c}→γη^{'} and h_{c}→γη are measured to be B(h_{c}→γη^{'})=(1.52±0.27±0.29)×10^{-3} and B(h_{c}→γη)=(4.7±1.5±1.4)×10^{-4}, respectively, where the first errors are statistical and the second are systematic uncertainties.
There has been a lack of studies on bullying in non-western low-income and middle-income countries.

This study reported the prevalence of traditional victimization, cybervictimization, and the combination of these, in 13 European and Asian countries, and explored how psychiatric symptoms were associated with victimization. The data for this cross-sectional, school-based study of 21,688 adolescents aged 13-15 were collected from 2011 to 2017. The main outcomes were traditional and cybervictimization obtained from student self-reports. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was used to assess psychiatric symptoms. Generalized estimating equation and logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).

The mean prevalence of any victimization was 28.9%, of traditional victimization only, this was 17.7%, and for cybervictimization only this was 5.1%. Cybervictimization occurred both independently, and in combination with, traditional victimization. The mean prevalence of combined victimization was 6.1%. The mean proportion of those who were cyberbullied only among those who were either cyberbullied only or bullied both traditionally and in cyber was 45.1%. The rates of prevalence varied widely between countries. In the total sample, those who experienced combined victimization, reported the highest internalizing symptoms (girls, OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.22-1.29; boys, OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.25-1.33). The study findings suggest that anti-bullying interventions should include mental health components and target both traditional and cyberbullying. Due to the overlap between these, targeting bullying should primarily focus on how to reduce bullying behavior rather than just focusing on where bullying takes place.
The article describes two main types of investments in the intellectual property market in Russia - direct and venture, the prevailing share of state-owned venture investments over private is shown. The picture of high-tech investments is presented. The factors affecting the investment attractiveness of the intellectual product are named, the characteristics of the main trends in the venture investment market are given.
Mathematicians and physicists have long been interested in the subject of water waves. The problems formulated in this subject can be considered fundamental, but many questions remain unanswered. For instance, a satisfactory analytic theory of such a common and important phenomenon as wave breaking has yet to be developed. Our knowledge of the formation of rogue waves is also fairly poor despite the many efforts devoted to this subject. One of the most important tasks of the theory of water waves is the construction of simplified mathematical models that are applicable to the description of these complex events under the assumption of weak nonlinearity. The Zakharov equation, as well as the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) and the Dysthe equation (which are actually its simplifications), are among them. In this article, we derive a new modification of the Zakharov equation based on the assumption of unidirectionality (the assumption that all waves propagate in the same direction). To derive the new equation, we use the Hamiltonian form of the Euler equation for an ideal fluid and perform a very specific canonical transformation. This transformation is possible due to the ‘miraculous’ cancellation of the non-trivial four-wave resonant interaction in the one-dimensional wave field. The obtained equation is remarkably simple. We call the equation the ‘super compact water wave equation’. This equation includes a nonlinear wave term (à la NLSE) together with an advection term that can describe the initial stage of wave breaking. The NLSE and the Dysthe equations (Dysthe Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A, vol. 369, 1979, pp. 105–114) can be easily derived from the super compact equation. This equation is also suitable for analytical studies as well as for numerical simulation. Moreover, this equation also allows one to derive a spatial version of the water wave equation that describes experiments in flumes and canals.
We report on the observation of the lateral electric spin polarization effect in a suspended GaAs-based quantum point contact (QPC) separated from the substrate. The effect manifests itself in the experiment as the appearance of an additional half-integer plateaus at 0.5×2e2/h when the asymmetric voltage is applied to the side gates in zero magnetic field. The appearance of the plateaus has been attributed to the spin degeneracy lifting caused by the spin-orbit coupling associated with the lateral electric field in the asymmetrically biased QPC. We have experimentally demonstrated that, despite the relatively small g-factor in GaAs, the observation of the spin polarization in the GaAs-based QPCs becomes possible after the suspension due to the enhancement of the electron-electron interaction and the effect of the electric field guiding. These features are caused by a partial confinement of the electric field lines within a suspended semiconductor layer with a high dielectric constant.
Although previous cytogenetic analysis of Pamphagidae grasshoppers pointed to considerable karyotype uniformity among most of the species in the family

Using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with 18S rDNA and telomeric (TTAGG)n DNA repeats to yield new data on the structural organization of chromosomes in the species studied

Overall, we conclude that the different stages of neo-Y degradation revealed in the Pamphagidae species studied make the family a very promising and useful model for studying sex chromosome evolution.
Three isostructural metal-organic frameworks ([Ln2(phen)2(NO3)2(chdc)2]·2DMF (Ln3+ = Y3+ for 1, Eu3+ for 2 or Tb3+ for 3; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; H2chdc = trans-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid) were synthesized and characterized. The compounds are based on a binuclear block {M2(phen)2(NO3)2(OOCR)4} assembled into a two-dimensional square-grid network containing tetragonal channels with 26% total solvent-accessible volume.

Yttrium (1)-, europium (2)- and terbium (3)-based structures emit in the blue, red and green regions, respectively, representing the basic colors of the standard RGB matrix. A doping of Eu3+ and/or Tb3+ centers into the Y3+-based phase led to mixed-metal compositions with tunable emission color and high quantum yields (QY) up to 84%. The bright luminescence of a suspension of microcrystalline 3 in DMF (QY = 78%) is effectively quenched by diluted cinnamaldehyde (cinnamal) solutions at millimolar concentrations, suggesting a convenient and analytically viable sensing method for this important chemical.
We study the mechanism of production of the light scalar mesons in the ${D}_{s}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{e}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu}$ decays: ${D}_{s}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}s\overline{s}{e}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}[\ensuremath{\sigma}(600)+{f}_{0}(980)]{e}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{e}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu}$, and we compare it with the mechanism of production of the light pseudoscalar mesons in the ${D}_{s}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}(\ensuremath{\eta}/{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}){e}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu}$ decays: ${D}_{s}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}s\overline{s}{e}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}(\ensuremath{\eta}/{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}){e}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu}$. We show that the $s\overline{s}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\sigma}(600)$ transition is negligibly small in comparison with the $s\overline{s}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{f}_{0}(980)$ one. As for the ${f}_{0}(980)$ meson, the intensity of the $s\overline{s}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{f}_{0}(980)$ transition makes near thirty percent from the intensity of the $s\overline{s}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}_{s}$ (${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{s}=s\overline{s}$) transition. So, the ${D}_{s}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{e}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu}$ decay supports the previous conclusions about a dominant role of the four-quark components in the $\ensuremath{\sigma}(600)$ and ${f}_{0}(980)$ mesons.
This particular transient isolated gravity wave together with the whole NLC layer suddenly appeared in the clear twilight sky and lasted about 1 h traveling eastward, which differs significantly from previously observed cases of gravity waves propagating through preexisting NLC layers.

Our model studies demonstrate that the wave had a tropospheric source connected to the passage of an occluded front. The wave was likely generated due to strong horizontal wind shears at about 5 km altitude.

We consider a unique case of a propagating internal gravity wave that has generated in situ a compact and thin layer of noctilucent clouds (NLC) at 82.7–85.2 km with a characteristic horizontal scale of 65–70 km, as observed in the Moscow region on the night of 18–19 July 2013.
Escherichia coli endonuclease VIII (Endo VIII) is a DNA glycosylase with substrate specificity for a wide range of oxidatively damaged pyrimidine bases. Endo VIII catalyzes hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond and β, δ-elimination of 3′- and 5′-phosphate groups of an apurinic/apyrimidinic site. Single mutants of Endo VIII L70S, L70W, Y71W, F121W, F230W, and P253W were analyzed here with the aim to elucidate the kinetic mechanism of protein conformational adjustment during damaged-nucleotide recognition and catalytic-complex formation. F121W substitution leads to a slight reduction of DNA binding and catalytic activity. F230W substitution slows the rate of the δ-elimination reaction indicating that interaction of Phe230 with a 5′-phosphate group proceeds in the latest catalytic step. P253W Endo VIII has the same activity as the wild type (WT) enzyme. Y71W substitution slightly reduces the catalytic activity due to the effect on the later steps of catalytic-complex formation. Both L70S and L70W substitutions significantly decrease the catalytic activity, indicating that Leu70 plays an important role in the course of enzyme-DNA catalytic complex formation. Our data suggest that Leu70 forms contacts with DNA earlier than Tyr71 does. Therefore, most likely, Leu70 plays the role of a DNA lesion “sensor”, which is used by Endo VIII for recognition of a DNA damage site.
The article studies the influence of the resource status of regions on the formation of the country's budget based on the tools of the panel data model. The article reviews the Russian and foreign literature, systematizes methodological approaches to the concept of "resource-type region", and identifies the most significant factors that affect the socio-economic life of the regions where GRP was selected as a dependent variable. As a result of the work, it was shown how the characteristics of the regions change depending on their affiliation.
Throughout the world, bioenergy crops are grown to replace fossil resources and reduce greenhouse gas emission. Miscanthus is one of the bioenergetic plants that is widely cultivated in countries with optimal hydrothermal conditions. There is little research on the specifics of Miscanthus spp. cultivation in the continental climate. The aim of the study was a preliminary assessment of the possibility of Miscanthus cultivation in Siberia. The production process of Miscanthus sacchariflorus cv. Soranovsky (The State Register of Breeding Achievements, patent No. 6931 dated 06/06/2013) was assessed under conditions of the Central Forest-Steppe of Novosibirsk Ob (Novosibirsk Province, agro-gray soil, the experimental base of the Siberian Research Institute of Plant Cultivation and Breeding). During the formation of Miscanthus long-term stands (1-4 years), the aboveground biomass averaged 13 t/ha, the belowground biomass 17 t/ha. These figures are close to the average for this species in the world. The total N, P and K removal with biomass of stems and leaves was 51, 6, and 49 kg/ha, and with stems it was only 23, 3, and 26 kg/ha, respectively. Accumulation of N, P and K in the belowground biomass was 130, 10, and 126 kg/ha, respectively. Therefore, our experiment did not show any depletion of biophilic elements in soil during a four-year growth of miscanthus. Rough estimates have shown the presence of objective prerequisites for the atmospheric carbon sequestration in the fractions of the soil organic matter. During the first year of Miscanthus vegetation, at least 300 kg/ha of carbon accumulated in the mobile fractions of the soil organic matter; an increase in the C/N ratio in the belowground biomass of Miscanthus up to 74 vs. 20 in the initial soil was accompanied by a significant decrease in the mineralization rate of newly incoming plant residues. The parameters of the production process of Miscanthus sacchariflorus cv. Soranovsky on agro-gray soil in the Central Forest-Steppe of Novosibirsk Ob region correspond to the growth characteristics of M. sacchariflorus cultivated in other regions of the world on different soil types. We conclude that cultivation of M. sacchariflorus in Siberia is ecologically and commercially reasonable.
An experimental study of the formation of thermocapillary structures at low Reynolds numbers and temperature gradients at the surface of the film in a wide range of the viscosity of the liquid was carried out.

The data on the distance between the rivulets are generalized.

It is shown that the transverse dimension of structures is determined by the capillary constant and does not depend on either the viscosity of the liquid or the flow rate.
Cosmological evolution and particle creation in R^2-modified gravity are considered for the case of the dominant decay of the scalaron into a pair of gauge bosons due to conformal anomaly.

It is shown that in the process of thermalization superheavy dark matter with the coupling strength typical for the GUT SUSY can be created.

Such dark matter would have the proper cosmological density if the particle mass is close to 10^12 GeV.
A modern immunofluorescence analysis based on spectrally encoded microspheres has found numerous and constantly growing applications in disease diagnosis, environmental supervision, and fundamental science.

Here we present an overview of microsphere‐based methods of multiplex immunofluorescence analysis and consider such important parameters of beads, that are crucial in most microsphere‐based immunoassays, as size distribution, fluorescence stability, magnetic properties, and particle material. The preparation methods of the microspheres with tunable diameter, the introduction of various types of fluorochromes, and magnetic particles into the microspheres are discussed in details.

This review also addresses the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to implement technically bead‐based immunofluorescence analysis.
The detector developments for fast and super-fast time-resolved studies at SR beams are reviewed. Two detectors based on Si micro-strip technology are developed at present in Budker INP SB RAS.

The detector for imaging of super-fast processes at a nanosecond scale, DIMEX-Si allows to improve by more than a factor of ten maximum detected photon flux, with respect to the gaseous version of such detector, that is operating at VEPP-3 for more than 15 years; the frame rate is increased from 10 MFr/s up to 50 MFr/s and spatial resolution is improved from 250 µm to about 70 microns. The new full-size detector prototype for the studies of tungsten deformations under pulse heat load in a microsecond scale is recently developed.

It has significantly better spatial resolution and sensitivity compared to the DIMEX-G detector that was used for these studies before.