Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Two-phase bubble flows have been used in many technological and energy processes as processing oil, chemical and nuclear reactors. This explains large interest to experimental and numerical studies of such flows last several decades. Exploiting of optical diagnostics for analysis of the bubble flows allows researchers obtaining of instantaneous velocity fields and gaseous phase distribution with the high spatial resolution non-intrusively. Behavior of light rays exhibits an intricate manner when they cross interphase boundaries of gaseous bubbles hence the identification of the bubbles images is a complicated problem.

This work presents a method of bubbles images identification based on a modern technology of deep learning called convolutional neural networks (CNN). Neural networks are able to determine overlapping, blurred, and non-spherical bubble images. In addition, usage of GPUs speeds up the learning process of CNN owning to the modern adaptive subgradient optimization techniques.

They can increase accuracy of the bubble image recognition, reduce the number of outliers, lower data processing time, and significantly decrease the number of settings for the identification in comparison with standard recognition methods developed before.
In the present Letter, the reaction operator of the main equation of spin chemistry has been modified on the basis of an exactly solvable model. The model contains both the reversible and irreversible transitions.

For this model, expression for the reaction operator is more complex due to the expanded basis of spin states.

The reaction operator of a phenomenological equation is a particular case of a more general approach and only in the limiting case of the completely irreversible recombination process, these operators coincide.
Diamond samples showing the Y centers as the dominant absorption feature in the infrared spectra were selected from a collection of natural diamonds from alluvial placers of the northeastern Siberian Platform. A comparison with natural red-luminescing diamonds from Yakutian kimberlite pipes was performed.

In this paper, we report a spectroscopic study of natural type Ib-IaA diamonds containing Y centers subjected to high-pressure high-temperature treatment at 7–7.5 GPa and 1700–2200 °C. The samples were investigated by spectroscopic techniques before and after each annealing stage.

It was found that upon annealing at temperatures higher than 2000°C, the defect-induced one-phonon spectra changed from the Y centers to a new form with a characteristic band peaking at 1060 cm−1. Photoluminescence spectra of the samples were modified after each annealing stage starting from 1700 °C. The most significant changes in photoluminescence occurred at temperatures higher than 2000 °C and were associated with a sharp increase of the intensity of an emission band peaking at about 690 nm. It was concluded that the observed 1060 cm−1 IR band and the 690 nm red emission band are genetically related to the Y centers and that defects or impurities responsible for the Y centers appear quite widespread in natural diamonds from various deposits worldwide.
This article examines the results of market transformation of the agrarian sector in Russia 1990s-2000s, as well as social risks of human development. The author defines social risks as possible negative consequences of social policies that represent a threat to human development. Among them author refers to the lack of resources required for the reproduction of human capital; low public spending on health, education and recreational services not compensated for the lack of individual investments in human capital development; excessive social stratification of society, not conducive to economic growth and social development; low share of the middle class as a support and the driving force of innovation development and social progress; lack of an economic base for the expansion of the middle class. By summarizing, the author concludes that the lack of resources for human development makes illusory hopes for breakthrough innovation in the development of the agro-food complex in rural areas.
The paper features the 3rd category of the classification introduced by the author in her previous article "The Role of Stylistic Dissonance in Alla Y. Frolova’s Russian Translation of J. Austen’s "Sense and Sensibility". Part 1". The author analyzes the relevance of stylistic dissonance in the Russian translation of "Sense and Sensibility", published in 2013 under the title "Разум и чувство" (pronounced as [razum i chuvstvo], which literally means "Reason and Feeling"). The 1st stage of the research revealed the following categories of the phenomenon: 1) it conveys (or create) comic effects and irony; 2) it serves to adapt the novel to the linguistic worldview, tastes and preferences of the modern audience; 3) translation and editing mistakes. The present article represents the 2nd part of the research and examines the 3rd category. The phenomenon of stylistic dissonance is revealed to have both positive and negative impacts on the text, which are described in the conclusion. The analysis is a part of a larger research that focuses on Russian and French full-text translations of J. Austen’s novel.
НИИ клинической и экспериментальной лимфологии -филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»
The results of numerical calculation by the RANS and LES methods of turbulent separated flow in a flat channel with a back-facing step are presented. The calculation was carried out for Reynolds number Re = 5000, determined by the average mass velocity and the step height. The effect of vortex generators in the form of a transverse rib on the heat transfer intensity has been studied, and the data obtained are compared with experiment.
Higgs boson properties are studied in the four-lepton decay channel (where lepton = e , $$\mu $$ μ ) using 139 $$\hbox {fb}^{-1}$$ fb - 1 of proton–proton collision data recorded at $$\sqrt{s}=$$ s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The inclusive cross-section times branching ratio for $$H\rightarrow ZZ^*$$ H → Z Z ∗ decay is measured to be $$1.34 \pm 0.12$$ 1.34 ± 0.12 pb for a Higgs boson with absolute rapidity below 2.5, in good agreement with the Standard Model prediction of $$1.33 \pm 0.08$$ 1.33 ± 0.08 pb. Cross-sections times branching ratio are measured for the main Higgs boson production modes in several exclusive phase-space regions. The measurements are interpreted in terms of coupling modifiers and of the tensor structure of Higgs boson interactions using an effective field theory approach. Exclusion limits are set on the CP-even and CP-odd ‘beyond the Standard Model’ couplings of the Higgs boson to vector bosons, gluons and top quarks.
Содержание матриксных металлопротеиназ во внутриглазной жидкости пациентов c первичной открытоугольной глаукомой В.В.Черных 1 , В.И.Коненков 2 , О.В.Ермакова 1 , Н.Б.Орлов 2 , А.Н.Трунов 1,3 1 МНТК «Микрохирургия глаза» имени академика С.Н.Фёдорова» Минздрава России, Новосибирский филиал 630096, г.Новосибирск, ул.Колхидская, 10 2 НИИ клинической и экспериментальной лимфологиифилиал ФИЦ Институт цитологии и генетики СО РАН 630060, г.Новосибирск, ул.Тимакова, 2 3 ФИЦ фундаментальной и трансляционной медицины 630117, г
We report on the reorientation dynamics of small spin probe 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxyl (TEMPO) in cis-1,4-poly(isoprene) (cis-1,4-PIP10k) from electron spin resonance (ESR) and the free volume of cis-1,4-PIP10k from positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) in relation to the high-frequency relaxations of cis-1,4-PIP10k using light scattering (LS) as well as to the slow and fast processes from broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) and neutron scattering (NS). The hyperfine coupling constant, 2Azz′(T), and the correlation times, τc(T), of cis-1,4-PIP10k/TEMPO system as a function of temperature exhibit several regions of the distinct spin probe TEMPO dynamics over a wide temperature range from 100 K up to 350 K. The characteristic ESR temperatures of changes in the spin probe dynamics in cis-1,4-PIP10k/TEMPO system are closely related to the characteristic PALS ones reflecting changes in the free volume expansion from PALS measurement. Finally, the time scales of the slow and fast dynamics of TEMPO in cis-1,4-PIP10k are compared with all of the six known slow and fast relaxation modes from BDS, LS and NS techniques with the aim to discuss the controlling factors of the spin probe reorientation mobility in polymer, oligomer and small molecular organic glass-formers.
Identifying liquids in chemical technologies and in the oil industry is an actual problem. Such identifications can be made using individual characteristics of thermocapillary flows and deformations in the horizontal layers of the investigated liquids. Numerical algorithms and calculating code have been developed for solving inverse problems for identifying properties of liquid. As additional information for inverse problem a function of thermocapillary response is used. The algorithm for solving inverse problem is based on solving problem of minimizing the residual function. The minimum is obtained numerically by the Newton’s method. Numerical calculations have been made for silicone oil. Thermocapillary responses have been calculated for different values of the coefficients. The developed algorithms have been tested on synthetic data, which have been obtained from the solution of direct problems. The developed algorithms have shown a good convergence and efficiency.
Usually, for beams with power exceeding the critical power for self-focusing, uncontrolled beam filamentation and beam break up takes place.

To illustrate the idea, without loss of generality the authors consider a laser beam propagating vertically through the Earth's atmosphere from space to ground.

In this work the authors demonstrate that when the self-focusing length is comparable with the atmosphere height, the catastrophic self-focusing can be greatly suppressed and a smooth compression of the whole beam is possible.
To establish associations of arterial hypertension (AH) prevalence and hostility (H) levels in open urban population in males aged 25–64 years.

A cross-sectional epidemiology study was conducted on representative sample, formed randomly from voting lists of males aged 25–64 years from one of Tyumen administrative districts in the amount of 1,000 people, including 250 individuals in each of four decades of life. The response was 85.0%. The study analysis included AH prevalence according to unified assessment criteria and the prevalence of low, medium and high levels of H according to the WHO MONICA-Psychosocial questionnaire. Statistical processing of study data was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0. software applications for medical information. Pearson chi-square test was used in assessing statistical significance of differences between groups.

Thus, epidemiological criteria of psychosocial risk factors, including H, identified using standardized questionnaire methods, should be used during routine preventive examinations of male population and selection of workable people with cardiovascular diseases, who need in-depth and preventive medical examination.
Aim To evaluate the relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and echocardiographic (EchoCG) indicators of heart failure (HF) among adult population of the North region of Russia. Material and methods The Know Your Heart transversal study was performed in 2015–2017 on a random sample of adult population of Arkhangelsk aged 35–69 years (n=2381). The exclusion criterion for this study was a concentration of hsCRP >10 mg/l. The group of subclinical inflammation included 686 participants with hsCRP ≥2.0 mg/l; the comparison group consisted of 1158 participants with hsCRP <2.0 mg/l. Analysis included cardiometabolic risk factors, EchoCG indexes of left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function and biomarkers (NT-proBNP, hsTroponin Т, cystatin С). Linear and logistic regressions were used. Results The group with hsCRP ≥2.0 mg/l had higher rates of arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, HF, and myocardial infarction in history than the comparison group. The hsCRP level was independently associated with waist circumference (β=0.379, p <0.001), male gender (β=–0.135, p<0.001), smoking (β=0.109, p<0.001), triglycerides (β=0.083, p<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (β=0.082, p<0.001), cystatin C (β=0.082, p<0.001), glycated hemoglobin (β=0.064, p=0.003), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) (β=0.049, p=0.025). Independent predictors of subclinical inflammation included older age, smoking, abdominal obesity, elevated values of LDL (>3.0 mmol/l), triglycerides (>1.7 mmol/l), and cystatin C (>1.2 mg/l). hsCRP was independently negatively associated with LV ejection fraction, left atrial volume index, ratio of early to late LV diastolic filling velocity (p=0.003, p=0.002, p=0.005, respectively), which reflected the relationship of the increased content of hsCRP with impairment of LV systolic and diastolic function. A relationship between heart remodeling indexes and hsCRP concentration was shown. Conclusion In a sample of adult population from the North region of Russia, the hsCRP concentration was independently associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and structural and functional changes in the heart detected by EchoCG, which reflects a potential contribution of inflammation to heart remodeling and development of HF.
A boron-capped tris-dioximate iron(II) bis-macrocyclic clathrochelate with annulated dimethylquinoxaline heterocycle has been synthesized.The compound has been characterized with single-crystal X-ray diffraction, multinuclear NMR, IR, UV-vis spectrometry, CV and spectroelectrochemistry.The clathrochelate is capable of ligand-centered two-electron reversible reduction coupled with electrochromism (in solution and thin film).
OBJECTIVE: To use the rs1229984 variant in the alcohol dehydrogenase 1B gene (ADH1B) as an instrument to investigate the causal role of alcohol in cardiovascular disease. DESIGN: Mendelian randomisation meta-analysis of 56 epidemiological studies. PARTICIPANTS: 261 991 individuals of European descent, including 20 259 coronary heart disease cases and 10 164 stroke events. Data were available on ADH1B rs1229984 variant, alcohol phenotypes, and cardiovascular biomarkers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds ratio for coronary heart disease and stroke associated with the ADH1B variant in all individuals and by categories of alcohol consumption. RESULTS: Carriers of the A-allele of ADH1B rs1229984 consumed 17.2% fewer units of alcohol per week (95% confidence interval 15.6% to 18.9%), had a lower prevalence of binge drinking (odds ratio 0.78 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.84)), and had higher abstention (odds ratio 1.27 (1.21 to 1.34)) than non-carriers. Rs1229984 A-allele carriers had lower systolic blood pressure (-0.88 (-1.19 to -0.56) mm Hg), interleukin-6 levels (-5.2% (-7.8 to -2.4%)), waist circumference (-0.3 (-0.6 to -0.1) cm), and body mass index (-0.17 (-0.24 to -0.10) kg/m(2)). Rs1229984 A-allele carriers had lower odds of coronary heart disease (odds ratio 0.90 (0.84 to 0.96)). The protective association of the ADH1B rs1229984 A-allele variant remained the same across all categories of alcohol consumption (P=0.83 for heterogeneity). Although no association of rs1229984 was identified with the combined subtypes of stroke, carriers of the A-allele had lower odds of ischaemic stroke (odds ratio 0.83 (0.72 to 0.95)). CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with a genetic variant associated with non-drinking and lower alcohol consumption had a more favourable cardiovascular profile and a reduced risk of coronary heart disease than those without the genetic variant. This suggests that reduction of alcohol consumption, even for light to moderate drinkers, is beneficial for cardiovascular health.
Among the natural pigments, anthocyanins are assumed to represent one of the most studied groups. Starting with the first studies on the physicochemical properties of anthocyanins carried out in the 17th century by British naturalist Robert Boyle, the science about these unique compounds has progressed substantially. To date, the structure and functions of anthocyanins in plant cells have been well studied, and the pathway of their biosynthesis is one of the most fully characterized pathways of secondary metabolite biosynthesis at both the biochemical and genetic levels. Along with these fundamental achievements, we are beginning to realize the potential of anthocyanins as compounds of industrial importance, as pigments themselves, as well as components of functional food that contribute to the prevention and reduction of risk of chronic diseases. For a long time, the biological activity of anthocyanins has been underestimated, in particular, due to the data on their low bioavailability. However, studies showed that in humans and animals, these compounds are actively metabolized and the bioavailability, estimated taking into account their metabolites, exceeded 12 %. It has been experimentally shown that anthocyanins have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, antimutagenic, antidiabetic, anti-cancer, neuroprotective properties, and they are beneficial for eye health. However, the studies conducted cannot always explain the molecular mechanism of action of anthocyanins in the human body. According to some reports, the observed effects are not due to the action of anthocyanins themselves, but to their metabolites, which can be more biologically active because of their increased bioavailability. Other data ascribe the positive effect on human health not to individual anthocyanins, but to the whole complex of polyphenolic compounds consumed. The review summarizes the results of the studies of anthocyanins as components of functional food. Special attention is paid to genetic control of the pigment synthesis. These data are of particular importance in respect to the initiated breeding programs aimed at increasing the content of anthocyanins in cultural plants.
As the evolution of miRNA genes has been found to be one of the important factors in formation of the modern type of man, we performed a comparative analysis of the evolution of miRNA genes in two archaic hominines, Homo sapiens neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens denisova, and elucidated the expression of their target mRNAs in bain.A comparative analysis of the genomes of primates, including species in the genus Homo, identified a group of miRNA genes having fixed substitutions with important implications for the evolution of Homo sapiens neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens denisova. The mRNAs targeted by miRNAs with mutations specific for Homo sapiens denisova exhibited enhanced expression during postnatal brain development in modern humans. By contrast, the expression of mRNAs targeted by miRNAs bearing variations specific for Homo sapiens neanderthalensis was shown to be enhanced in prenatal brain development.Our results highlight the importance of changes in miRNA gene sequences in the course of Homo sapiens denisova and Homo sapiens neanderthalensis evolution. The genetic alterations of miRNAs regulating the spatiotemporal expression of multiple genes in the prenatal and postnatal brain may contribute to the progressive evolution of brain function, which is consistent with the observations of fine technical and typological properties of tools and decorative items reported from archaeological Denisovan sites. The data also suggest that differential spatial-temporal regulation of gene products promoted by the subspecies-specific mutations in the miRNA genes might have occurred in the brains of Homo sapiens denisova and Homo sapiens neanderthalensis, potentially contributing to the cultural differences between these two archaic hominines.
We investigate the complexity of embeddings between bi-embeddable structures. In analogy with categoricity spectra, we define the bi-embeddable categoricity spectrum of a structure A as the family of Turing degrees that compute embeddings between any computable bi-embeddable copies of A; the degree of bi-embeddable categoricity of A is the least degree in this spectrum (if it exists). We extend many known results about categoricity spectra to the case of bi-embeddability. In particular, we exhibit structures without degree of bi-embeddable categoricity, and we show that every degree d.c.e above 0 ( α ) for α a computable successor ordinal and 0 ( λ ) for λ a computable limit ordinal is a degree of bi-embeddable categoricity. We also give examples of families of degrees that are not bi-embeddable categoricity spectra.
The problem of atherosclerosis, which forms the pathological basis of coronary artery disease (CAD), is one of the most discussed ones in development of cardiovascular diseases. This chronic inflammatory disease involves interactions between different cells, and an atherosclerotic plaque is a complex immunological environment. Modern quantitative methods increase the understanding of the pathophysiological processes responsible for progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Flow cytometry is a powerful modern method that allows for a complex and simultaneous cell analysis. This review is devoted to studies on atherosclerosis and CAD performed using flow cytometry.
Human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) has multiple functions in base excision DNA repair (BER) and other cellular processes. Its eukaryote-specific N-terminal extension plays diverse regulatory roles in interaction with different partners.

Here, we explored its involvement in interaction with canonical BER proteins. Using fluorescence based-techniques, we compared binding affinities of the full-length and N-terminally truncated forms of APE1 (APE1NΔ35 and APE1NΔ61) for functionally and structurally different DNA polymerase β (Polβ), X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1), and poly(adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), in the absence and presence of model DNA intermediates. Influence of the N-terminal truncation on binding the AP site-containing DNA was additionally explored.

These data suggest that the interaction domain for proteins is basically formed by the conserved catalytic core of APE1. The N-terminal extension being capable of dynamically interacting with the protein and DNA partners is mostly responsible for DNA-dependent modulation of protein–protein interactions. Polβ, XRCC1, and PARP1 were shown to more efficiently regulate the endonuclease activity of the full-length protein than that of APE1NΔ61, further suggesting contribution of the N-terminal extension to BER coordination. Our results advance the understanding of functional roles of eukaryote-specific protein extensions in highly coordinated BER processes.