Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Nanowires with helical surface states represent key prerequisites for observing and exploiting phase-coherent topological conductance phenomena, such as spin-momentum locked quantum transport or topological superconductivity.

We demonstrate in a joint experimental and theoretical study that gated nanowires fabricated from high-mobility strained HgTe, known as a bulk topological insulator, indeed preserve the topological nature of the surface states, that moreover extend phase-coherently across the entire wire geometry. To this end we combined numerical tight-binding calculations of the quantum magnetoconductance with simulations of the electrostatics, accounting for the gate-induced inhomogeneous charge carrier densities around the wires.

The phase-coherence lengths are enhanced up to $5\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ when tuning the wires into the bulk gap, so as to single out topological transport. The nanowires exhibit distinct conductance oscillations, both as a function of the flux due to an axial magnetic field and of a gate voltage. The observed $h/e$-periodic Aharonov-Bohm-type modulations indicate surface-mediated quasiballistic transport. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of the scaling of the observed gate-dependent conductance oscillations reveals the topological nature of these surface states. We find that helical transport prevails even for strongly inhomogeneous gating and is governed by flux-sensitive high-angular momentum surface states that extend around the entire wire circumference.
Cuboid diamonds are particularly common in the placers of the northeastern Siberian platform, but their origin remains unclear. These crystals usually range in color from dark yellow to orange and, more interestingly, are characterized by unusual low aggregated nitrogen impurities (non-aggregated C-center), suggesting a short residence time and/or low temperatures at which they have been stored in the mantle.

In order to track possible isotopic signature that could help deciphering cuboid diamond's crystallization processes, δ13C values, δ15N values, and nitrogen concentrations have been determined in situ in three samples using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), whereas nitrogen aggregation states have been determined by FTIR spectroscopy.

The samples fall out of the δ13C vs. δ15N field of canonical mantle composition. Different scales of carbon and nitrogen fractionation may produce the observed variations. Alternatively, mixing mantle and crustal material would obscure initial co-variations of δ13C values with δ15N or nitrogen content.
Features of methane hydrate self-preservation in the dispersions prepared from water in oil emulsions from two deposits in East Siberia were studied.

Under experimental conditions, substantial self-preservation of the hydrate is observed in the dispersion based on oil 1, while the effect is weakened in the dispersions based on oil 2.

It is demonstrated that the observed difference is connected with the presence of Span 80 surfactant in water in oil 2 emulsion.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm is a serious disease which course is accompanied by the development of health complications and often leads to patient death due to aortic rupture. One of the powerful methods to estimate the risk of rupture is three-dimensional patient-specific hemodynamic analysis. In this study, we develop a software tool based on deep learning and CFD methods to perform automated computational hemodynamics with patient-specific geometry reconstructed from computed tomography images.
The AMADEUS collaboration studied the K− absorptions at low momentum in light nuclei leading to Σ0p final state. Those events were recorded by the KLOE detector, used as an active target, installed in the the DAΦNE collider. The results show that it is possible to isolate the process where the K− is absorbed by two nucleons and the decay products are emitted without any further final state interactions among other contributions involving more than two nucleons. Further, the possible contribution of a ppK− bound state was investigated. The best fit gives space to a yield of ppK−/Kstop− = (0.044 ± 0.009 stat−0.005+0.004) × 10−2 corresponding to a binding energy and a width of 45 and 30 MeV/c2, respectively. A statistical analysis of this result shows although that its significance is only at the level of 1σ.
The OO coupling process in water oxidation on the gamma FeOOH hydroxide catalyst is simulated by means of density functional theory using model iron cubane cluster Fe 4 O 4 (OH) 4 . A key reactive intermediate is proposed to be the HOFe IV O• oxyl unit with terminal oxo radical. The “initial” vertex Fe III (OH) moiety forms this intermediate at the calculated overpotential of 0.93 V by adding one water molecule and withdrawing two proton–electron pairs. The OO coupling goes via water nucleophilic attack on the oxyl oxygen to form the OO bond with a remarkably low barrier of 11 kcal/mol. This process is far more effective than alternative scenario based on direct interaction of two ferryl Fe IV O sites (with estimated barrier of 36 kcal/mol) and is comparable with the coupling between terminal oxo center and three‐coordinated lattice oxo center (12 kcal/mol barrier). The process of hydroxylation of terminal oxygen inhibits the OO coupling. Nevertheless, being more effective for ferryl oxygen, the hydroxylation in fact enhances selectivity of the OO coupling initiated by the oxyl oxygen.
Experimental data on combustion of a round hydrogen microjet in a cocurrent coaxial air jet are presented. As is found, the combustion of microjet is dominated by the generation of “bottleneck-flame region” that is in agreement with our previous observations on the diffusion combustion of subsonic hydrogen microjets. Transformation of the spherical “bottleneck-flame region” to a cylindrical one is observed. At supersonic combustion of the round hydrogen microjet, supersonic cells are generated both in the microjet and in the cocurrent coaxial air flow. A feature of the combustion process is the flame lift-off from the nozzle exit.
Diamond is a unique mineral widely used in diverse fields due to its remarkable properties. The development of synthesis technology made it possible to create diamond-based semiconductor devices. In addition, doped diamond can be used as single photon emitters in various luminescence applications. Different properties are the result of the presence of impurities or intrinsic defects in diamond. Thus, the investigation of the defect formation process is of particular interest. Although hydrogen, nitrogen, and boron have been known to form different point defects, the possibility for large impurity atoms to incorporate into the diamond crystal structure has been questioned for a long time. In the current paper, the paramagnetic nickel split-vacancy defect in diamond is described, and the further investigation of nickel-, cobalt-, titanium-, phosphorus-, silicon-, and germanium-related defects is discussed.
A finite group G is called a DCI-group if every two isomorphic Cayley digraphs over G are Cayley isomorphic, i.e. their connection sets are conjugate by a group automorphism.

We prove that the group C4×Cp2, where p is a prime,

is a DCI-group if and only if p≠2.
The topological approach, based on Bader theory, is compared to the common thermodynamical methodology to study chemical reactivity.

The comparison between the two approaches is performed by considering a classical reaction, i.e. the decomposition of PX5 (X = H, F). The topological investigation was supported by using different state-of-the-art topological tools, such as the source function, Espinosa indexes, delocalisation indexes, and domain-averaged Fermi hole analysis. Furthermore, in this work a new topological descriptor, the Bader energy density, PBADER, is introduced and applied to the study case.

It is shown how the former indeed has numerous advantages and provides a more detailed description with respect to the latter about the course of the reaction. For the first time since Bader theory was introduced, the distribution of atomic energies in the atomic basins was analysed in detail and used to explain the chemical reactivity a priori.
The intrinsic orbital magnetization of a TMD monolayer is usually calculated for a plane unbounded system without mentioning the geometrical shape of samples and boundary conditions (BCs) for electron wave functions.The method of calculation used by many authors (see references below) needs to account for the contribution of the Berry curvature also in the case when the system is described by the two-band minimal model 9 .In the present paper, we show that the geometrical and topological properties of the specimen, as well as the BCs, play an important role in the problem of magnetization even for a macroscopic specimen.
The purpose of the work is to expand the electronic database "Electronic structure of atoms" with the information on the negative ions of various chemical elements. As far as the authors are aware, at present there is no specialized database on negative ions in the scientific literature and Internet. The collection and analysis of information on atomic systems can be represented in a tabular or graphical representation. It is convenient to have accurate and extensive data on the spectra of elements in the form of tables, while the graphical form is good for cognitive understanding of the electronic structure of atomic systems.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate peculiarities of composition and level of fatty acids (FAs) in erythrocyte membranes (EM) of patients with resistant arterial hypertension (RAH) which could be applied in diagnosis of pathogenic aspects of the disease, development of new therapeutic targets.

Design and method: 24 males with controlled arterial hypertension (CAH) (stage 1–2), 20 subjects with RAH (53 ± 5.7years), 22 healthy males were included into the study. The Agilent 7000B (USA) GC system was applied to study FAs composition.

Conclusions: Increase in disorganization of lipid components of cellular membrane causes progression of hypertension with further development of resistant forms, what should be considered an important link in pathogenesis and target for therapy.
We report the first search for the penguin-dominated process ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}{X}_{s\overline{s}}$ using a semi-inclusive method. A $121.4\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ integrated luminosity $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(5S)$ data set collected by the Belle experiment, at the KEKB asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider, is used. We observe no statistically significant signal and, including all uncertainties, we set a 90% confidence level upper limit on the partial branching fraction at $1.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ for $M({X}_{s\overline{s}})\ensuremath{\le}2.4\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$.
A discovery of the rare decay $B^{+} \rightarrow \pi^{+} \mu^{+} \mu^{-}$ is presented. This decay is observed for the first time

The observation is made using $pp$ collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb$^{-1}$, collected with the LHCb detector

The measured branching fraction is (2.3 $\pm$ 0.6 (stat.) $\pm$ 0.1 (syst.))$\times 10^{-8}$, and the ratio of the $B^{+} \rightarrow \pi^{+} \mu^{+} \mu^{-}$ and $B^{+} \rightarrow \K^{+} \mu^{+} \mu^{-}$ branching fractions is measured to be 0.053 $\pm$ 0.014 (stat.) $\pm$ 0.001 (syst.)
Gymnures are an ancient group of small insectivorous mammals and are characterized by a controversial taxonomic status and the lack of a description of karyotypes for certain species. In this study, conventional cytogenetic techniques (Giemsa, CBG- and GTG-banding, Ag-NOR), CMA3-DAPI staining, and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with telomeric DNA probes were used to examine for the first time the karyotypes of lesser gymnures of group Hylomyssuillus Müller, 1840 from northern and southern Vietnam. All studied specimens had karyotypes with 2n=48, NFa=64. C-positive heterochromatic blocks existed in centromeric regions of 7 bi-armed autosomes and the submetacentric X chromosome. The Y chromosome is a C-positive and dot-like. The nucleolus organizer regions resided terminally on the short arms of 2 small bi-armed pairs. Positive signals at the telomeres of all chromosomes were revealed by FISH. CMA3-positive blocks were localized on the telomeric and pericentric regions of most bi-armed and acrocentric chromosomes. Despite the large genetic distances between Hylomys Müller, 1840, lesser gymnures from H.suillus-group from northern and southern Vietnam have similar karyotypic characteristics.
Experimental investigation of convective processes within horizontal evaporating liquid layer under shear–stress of gas flow is presented. It is found the structures of the convection, which move in opposite direction relative to each other. First convective structure moves in reverse direction with the flow of gas, and the second convective structure moves towards the gas flow. Convection flow within the liquid layer is registered with help of PIV technique. Average evaporation flow rate of Ethanol liquid layer under Air gas flow is measured. Influence of the gas velocity, at a constant temperature of 20 °C, on the evaporation flow rate has been studied.
The geodynamic development of the north–western (Arctic) margin of the Siberian craton is comprehensively analyzed for the first time based on our database as well as on the analysis of published material, from Precambrian-Paleozoic and Mesozoic folded structures to the formation of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic Yenisei-Khatanga sedimentary basin. We identify the main stages of the region’s tectonic evolution related to collision and accretion processes, mainly subduction and rifting. It is demonstrated that the prototype of the Yenisei-Khatanga basin was a wide late Paleozoic foreland basin that extended from Southern Taimyr to the Tunguska syneclise and deepened towards Taimyr. The formation of the Yenisei-Khatanga basin, as well as of the West-Siberian basin, was due to continental rifting in the Permian-Triassic. The study describes the main oil and gas generating deposits of the basin, which are mainly Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous mudstones. It is shown that the Lower Cretaceous deposits contain 90% of known hydrocarbon reserves. These are mostly stacked reservoirs with gas, gas condensate and condensate with rims. The study also presents data on oil and gas reservoirs, plays and seals in the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous complexes.
Kerr beam self-cleaning in graded-index multimode optical fibers

experimental demonstration using picosecond pulses in anomalous dispersion regime

threshold power reduced by two orders of magnitude compared to normal dispersion regime
We develop a comprehensive theory for describing the experimental beam profiles from multimode fiber Raman lasers. We take into account the presence of random linear mode coupling, Kerr beam self-cleaning and intra-cavity spatial filtering.

All of these factors play a decisive role in shaping the Stokes beam, which has a predominant fundamental mode content. Although the highly multimode pump beam is strongly depleted, it remains almost insensitive to the different physical effects.

As a result, the intensity of the output Stokes beam is an order of magnitude higher than the pump intensity at its maximum, in quantitative agreement with the experimental results and in contrast with the simplified balance model.
We describe a richly decorated iron helmet owned by the Northern Kazakhstan Regional Museum in Petropavlovsk. It consists of a low solid hemispherical crown, a slightly convex plate, made of copper alloy, with an opening for a (missing) tube in which the plume was inserted, a wide iron hoop, and a bipartite visor of the box type. The two last-named elements are covered with Arabic inscriptions inlaid in gold. Those on the hoop are verses from the Quran 2, 255–257, Al-Baqarah — The Cow. That on the “shield” of the visor is a prayer for protection, known as the “message of peace” read before a long journey or a diffi cult and dangerous enterprise, such as a battle. Such helmets were common in Central Asia between the late 16th and the mid-18th centuries. This specimen was likely manufactured in Mawarannahr, Xinjiang, or some town on the Syr Darya, for a high-ranking Uzbek, Uyghur, or Kazakh warrior. This accounts for the combination of a solid crown and a hoop with Arabic inscriptions with a box-type visor typical of helmets worn by Mongolian and Turkic nomads during the Late Middle Ages and the Early Modern Age. The closest parallels are found in the museums of Kazakhstan. Judging by the traces of repair and reconstruction, this helmet was used for a long time.
Population structure of fungal infections in wheat differs between wheat varieties and environments. Taking into account evolution of host-pathogen interactions, genetic diversity of both wheat and fungus must be a monitored.

In order to catalogue information to support need of wheat pathologists and breeders, who use conventional methods and Molecular Assisted Selection (MAS) techniques, we have developed the Molecular Identification of Genes for Resistance in Wheat (MIGREW) database.

The main goal of this database is to support wheat breeding efforts to develop immunity to rusts and powdery mildew. MIGREW is also focused on effectiveness of wheat resistance genes in different regions of Russia to provide users relevant information on the rapidly changing population structure of pathogens.
The present issue is the second in the series of three special issues celebrating the centennial of the birthday of Professor Samson S. Kutateladze (1914Kutateladze ( -1986)), a world-renown scientist who made pioneering contributions to heat transfer and fluid mechanics, the author of the hydrodynamic theory of boiling crisis, and Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences.His research interests included a wide range of topics such as boiling, condensation, and turbulent boundary layers.The international heat transfer community
The results of experiments on the investigation of subsonic laminar microjets flowing out of a rectangular nozzle are presented. The Renolds numbers, calculated from the height of the nozzle and the average flow velocity at the nozzle cut, ranged from 27 to 139 at a fixed nozzle size of 83.3x3823 µm. The working gas was room-temperature air.
Male populations in the European North of Russia have not previously been investigated for semen quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate semen parameters, reproductive hormone levels, and lipid levels in volunteers from the general urban population of the European North of Russia, to compare the data published for men from the neighboring Northern or Eastern European countries

Ninety-nine volunteers aged 23–63 years residing in the city of Archangelsk were enrolled in the study. All men had blood samples drawn and completed a questionnaire concerning their health status and lifestyle; 90 men delivered semen samples. The medians for semen volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility, and normal morphology were 3.0 ml, 42.12 million/ml, 43.8%, and 6.5%, respectively

Sperm parameters below normal threshold values were found in 38.9% of participants. It seems that the sperm quality in our study group was slightly worse than in men from Finland, Norway, Sweden, or Estonia, but very similar to that in men from Denmark or Poland. The significant negative correlations of luteinizing hormone levels and positive correlations of inhibin B levels with sperm concentration and progressive motility were revealed. Higher levels of luteinizing hormone and lower levels of inhibin B were found in participants with impaired compared to normal sperm quality. No reliable links were found between serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and semen parameters
One of the ways to build information models is ontological modeling. The use of ontologies greatly facilitates the exchange of data between embedded models and utilities for the digital representation of an object or a real-world system, sometimes called "digital twin" (DT). It is also important to establish a correspondence between the DT, people and external programs.

Based on the dictionary of the main terms, classes, objects of the subject area and the relations between them,

we have built an ontology of the hydroelectric dam DT.
We report the genome sequence of an avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H8N8, isolated in Russia. The genome analysis shows that all genes belong to AIV Eurasian lineages. The PB2 gene was similar to a Mongolian low-pathogenic (LP) AIV H7N1 and a Chinese high-pathogenic (HP) AIV H5N2.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of blindness in developed countries, and the molecular pathogenesis of early events of AMD is poorly understood. It is known that age-related alterations of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and of glial reactivity are early hallmarks of AMD.

Here we evaluated contributions of the age-related alterations of the RPE and of glia to the development of AMD-like retinopathy in OXYS rats. We showed that destructive alterations in RPE cells are a primary change during the development of retinopathy in OXYS rats. Furthermore, a defect of retinal maturation and decreased immune function at the preclinical stage of retinopathy were observed in OXYS rats in addition to the impairment of RPE cell proliferation and of their capacity for division. At the active stage of the disease, the atrophic alterations increased, and reactive gliosis was observed when disease progressed, but immune function stayed weakened. Unexpectedly, we did not observe migration of microglia and macrophages into the photoreceptor layer.

These results and the wide spectrum of age-related retinal alterations in humans as well as individual differences in the risk of AMD may be attributed to genetic factors and to differences in the underlying molecular events.
The endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) imbalance and the polymorphism of these genes may be the predisposition for diabetic retinopathy (DR) development and progression.

The aim: to analyze VEGF (rs699947 and rs3025039) and eNOS (rs2070744) genes polymorphism and their combinations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) with and without initial non-proliferative DR. Materials and methods. The study included 200 patients with type 2 diabetes (155 women and 45 men, age – 43–70 years): 111 people without and 89 people with DR. The polymorphism of the regulatory regions of VEGF (rs699947 and rs3025039) and eNOS (rs2070744) genes was studied using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and TaqMan Real-Time PCR by. Statistical processing was carried out using the software packages Statistica 10.0, SPSS Statistics 23 and the package of original programs for volumetric processing of bioinformation.

Results. The VEGF-2578 heterozygosity and two complex genotypes – VEGF-2578CA:VEGF+936CC and NOS3-786CT:VEGF-2578CA:VEGF+936CC – signifi cantly decreased in patients with DR. The predisposition to early DR development to minor genotype of eNOS gene in the NOS3-786CC:VEGF+936CT complex and signifi cantly decreased the homozygous wild-type eNOS genotype in DM2 patients with ophthalmopathology were shown. NOS3-86TT:VEGF2578AA genotype signifi cantly decreased in group with retinopathy developing and the glycated hemoglobin high level. Conclusion. Along with the clinical risk factors for the development of DR in DM2, the genetic polymorphism of the regulatory regions of the genes analyzed by us has a signifi cant weight. When analyzing potential genetic markers, it is important to consider possible joint epistatic/hypostatic effects. The complex analysis of polymorphic gene can help early prognosis of the DR development.