Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Human placenta is an organ which protects, feeds, and regulates the grooving of the embryo. Therefore, identification and characterization of placental components including proteins and their multi-protein complexes is an important step to understanding the placenta function. We have obtained and analyzed for the first time an extremely stable multi-protein complex (SPC, ∼1000 kDa) from the soluble fraction of three human placentas. By gel filtration on Sepharose-4B, the SPC was well separated from other proteins of the placenta extract. Light scattering measurements and gel filtration showed that the SPC is stable in the presence of NaCl, MgCl2, acetonitrile, guanidinium chloride, and Triton in high concentrations, but dissociates efficiently in the presence of 8 M urea, 50 mM EDTA, and 0.5 M NaCl. Such a stable complex is unlikely to be a casual associate of different proteins. According to SDS-PAGE and MALDI mass spectrometry data, this complex contains many major glycosylated proteins with low and moderate molecular masses (MMs) 4–14 kDa and several moderately abundant (79.3, 68.5, 52.8, and 27.2 kDa) as well as minor proteins with higher MMs. The SPC treatment with dithiothreitol led to a disappearance of some protein bands and revealed proteins with lower MMs. The SPCs from three placentas efficiently hydrolyzed plasmid supercoiled DNA with comparable rates and possess at least two DNA-binding sites with different affinities for a 12-mer oligonucleotide. Progress in study of placental protein complexes can promote understanding of their biological functions.
Compare to well-known trap formed by light waves with circular polarization (σ+–σ− configuration)

We study magneto-optical trap (MOT) of Mg atoms operating on the closed triplet 3P2→3D3 (λ = 383.3 nm) transition formed by the light waves with elliptical polarization ( configuration)

the suggested configuration offer the lower sub-Doppler temperature for trapped Mg atoms, that can't be reached in conventional σ+–σ− MOT
A solid-state system combining a stable spin degree of freedom with an efficient optical interface is highly desirable as an element for integrated quantum optical and quantum information systems.

We demonstrate a bright color center in diamond with excellent optical properties and controllable electronic spin states. Specifically, we carry out detailed optical spectroscopy of a Germanium Vacancy (GeV) color center demonstrating optical spectral stability. Using an external magnetic field to lift the electronic spin degeneracy, we explore the spin degree of freedom as a controllable qubit. Spin polarization is achieved using optical pumping, and a spin relaxation time in excess of 20 μs is demonstrated. Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) is observed in the presence of a resonant microwave field. ODMR is used as a probe to measure the Autler-Townes effect in a microwave-optical double resonance experiment. Superposition spin states were prepared using coherent population trapping, and a pure dephasing time of about 19 ns was observed.

Prospects for realizing coherent quantum registers based on optically controlled GeV centers are discussed.
Ultra-high power (exceeding the self-focusing threshold by more than three orders of magnitude) light beams from ground-based laser systems may find applications in space-debris cleaning. The propagation of such powerful laser beams through the atmosphere reveals many novel interesting features compared to traditional light self-focusing. It is demonstrated here that for the relevant laser parameters, when the thickness of the atmosphere is much shorter than the focusing length (that is, of the orbit scale), the beam transit through the atmosphere in lowest order produces phase distortion only. This means that by using adaptive optics it may be possible to eliminate the impact of self-focusing in the atmosphere on the laser beam. The area of applicability of the proposed “thin window” model is broader than the specific physical problem considered here. For instance, it might find applications in femtosecond laser material processing.
Uterine leiomyomas are common benign tumors developing from smooth muscle tissues, often leading to infertility and recurrent abortions. Pregnancy and development of uterine fibroids are characterized by an unusual rate of myometrium growth, hyperproduction of extracellular matrix and increased expression of numerous growth factor receptors. The purpose of this study was to determine concentrations of some key growth factors (IL-5, IL-7, IL-9, FGF-β, G-CSF, VEGF and PDGF) in blood serum of women with uterine myoma. Concentrations of the 27 cytokines were determined using a Bio Rad kit (USA) – Bio-Plex Pro™. Human Cytokine 27-plex Assay by means of flow-through fluorometry at the Bio-Plex 200 double-beam laser analyzer. Thirty-six patients with verified uterine myoma were followed up, being later subject to operative treatment (laparoscopic myomectomy). The results of this study showed a trend to decreased amounts of some hematopoiesis and angiogenesis growth factors, e.g., IL-9 and FGF, in blood serum of women with uterine myoma. Сoncentrations of IL-5, IL-7, and G-CSF proved to be significantly decreased if compared to serum contents of European healthy women. The most significant decrease was registered for pro-angiogenic factors, such as VEGF and PDGF. Their serum concentration in women with leiomyoma was reduced, respectively, 3- and 6-fold against controls. The decreased G-CSF concentration was not only quite significant, as compared to healthy women, but showed significant correlations with changes of such factors as IL-5, IL-7 and IL-9, with correlation quotients of, resp., 0.723, 0.637, and 0.504, respectively. One may conclude that, in spite of literature data on significantly increased contents of the mentioned growth factors in tissues of myometrium and growing uterine leiomyoma, our data show that the concentrations of these regulatory proteins in blood serum are decreased to some extent in this clinical condition.
The AMADEUS collaboration studied the K− absorptions at low momentum in light nuclei leading to Σ0p final state. Those events were recorded by the KLOE detector, used as an active target, installed in the the DAΦNE collider.

The results show that it is possible to isolate the process where the K− is absorbed by two nucleons and the decay products are emitted without any further final state interactions among other contributions involving more than two nucleons. Further, the possible contribution of a ppK− bound state was investigated.

The best fit gives space to a yield of ppK−/Kstop− = (0.044 ± 0.009 stat−0.005+0.004) × 10−2 corresponding to a binding energy and a width of 45 and 30 MeV/c2, respectively. A statistical analysis of this result shows although that its significance is only at the level of 1σ.
The stability of the laminar boundary layer on the surface of the Mach 6 contoured nozzle designed for short-duration wind tunnel Transit-M is investigated.

The numerical simulation of the laminar flow inside the nozzle is performed using Ansys Fluent software. The obtained boundary layers profiles on the nozzle surface are used to calculate the growth rate of the first and second Mack mode and Görtler vortices in the framework of the linear stability theory.

It has been shown that, for the Mach 6 nozzle, the Görtler vortices grow most rapidly, the first Mack mode grows slower, and the second mode is insignificant.
In the framework of the focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation we study numerically the nonlinear stage of the modulation instability (MI) of the condensate. The development of the MI leads to the formation of 'integrable turbulence' (Zakharov 2009 Stud. Appl. Math. 122 219–34). We study the time evolution of its major characteristics averaged across realizations of initial data—the condensate solution seeded by small random noise with fixed statistical properties.
A synthetic photonic lattice (SPL) is a re-configurable test-bed for studying the dynamics of one-dimensional mesh lattices including the photonic implementations of discrete time quantum walks. Unlike other realizations of photonic lattices, SPL possesses easy and fast control of lattice parameters.

Here we consider disordered SPL where the coupling ratio between the two fiber loops realizing the lattice is random but does not change between the round trips. We obtain a new analytical result for the localization length (inverse Lyapunov exponent) for a practical case of weak coupling disorder. We also numerically study the dynamics of the pulse train circulating within the loops

and observe that despite delocalization transition at the band center the pulse spreading is arrested even at small values of the disorder.
Structural control over the magnetic properties of molecular nanomagnets (MNM) is key to bottom up design strategies for novel molecule-based magnetic materials, for e.g. data storage, magnetic cooling or spintronics. Herein, we switch the magnetism of materials made of the single-molecule magnet [CoxZn(1 x)(piv)2(2 NH2 Py)2], by structural changes induced by gradual replacement of complexes containing paramagnetic Co(II) with analogues containing diamagnetic Zn(II). Combining advanced structural and magnetic characterization techniques, we show that a change of the ratio of the two ions induces a change of the Co(II) coordination structure, changed magnetic relaxation times and a switch from easy-plane to easy-axis type magnetic anisotropy. Complementary quantum chemical calculations reveal magneto structural correlations, rationalizing the structural origin of the changed magnetic properties upon magnetic dilution. This approach provides an important new lever to understand, predict and tune the magnetic properties of a large range of MNM based magnetic materials.
Subwavelength hole array (HA) metasurfaces support the so-called extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) resonance that has already been exploited for sensing.

In this work, we demonstrate the superior performance of a different resonant regime of HA metasurfaces called anomalous EOT, by doing a thorough numerical and experimental study of its ability in thin-film label-free sensing applications in the terahertz (THz) band. A comprehensive analysis using both the regular and anomalous EOT resonances is done by depositing thin layers of dielectric analyte slabs of different thicknesses on the structures in different scenarios.

We carry out a detailed comparison and demonstrate that the best sensing performance is achieved when the structure operates in the anomalous EOT resonance and the analyte is deposited on the non-patterned side of the metasurface, improving by a factor between 2 and 3 the results of the EOT resonance in any of the considered scenarios. This can be explained by the comparatively narrower linewidth of the anomalous EOT resonance. The results presented expand the reach of subwavelength HAs for sensing applications by considering the anomalous EOT regime that is usually overlooked in the literature.
For the first time we report the results of both numerical simulation and experimental observation of second-harmonic generation as an example of non-linear frequency conversion of pulses generated by passively mode-locked fiber master oscillator in different regimes including conventional (stable) and double-scale (partially coherent and noise-like) ones. We show that non-linear frequency conversion efficiency of double-scale pulses is slightly higher than that of conventional picosecond laser pulses with the same energy and duration despite strong phase fluctuations of double-scale pulses.
The Holliday junction (HJ), a cross-shaped structure that physically links the two DNA helices, is a key intermediate in homologous recombination, DNA repair, and replication. Several helicase-like proteins are known to bind HJs and promote their branch migration (BM) by translocating along DNA at the expense of ATP hydrolysis. Surprisingly, the bacterial recombinase protein RecA and its eukaryotic homologue Rad51 also promote BM of HJs despite the fact they do not bind HJs preferentially and do not translocate along DNA. RecA/Rad51 plays a key role in DNA double-stranded break repair and homologous recombination. RecA/Rad51 binds to ssDNA and forms contiguous filaments that promote the search for homologous DNA sequences and DNA strand exchange. The mechanism of BM promoted by RecA/RAD51 is unknown.

Here, we demonstrate that cycles of RecA/Rad51 polymerization and dissociation coupled with ATP hydrolysis drives the BM of HJs.

Here, we demonstrate that cycles of RecA/Rad51 polymerization and dissociation coupled with ATP hydrolysis drives the BM of HJs.
The use of biomedical SNP markers of diseases can improve effectiveness of treatment. Genotyping of patients with subsequent searching for SNPs more frequent than in norm is the only commonly accepted method for identification of SNP markers within the framework of translational research. The bioinformatics applications aimed at millions of unannotated SNPs of the “1000 Genomes” can make this search for SNP markers more focused and less expensive. We used our Web service involving Fisher’sZ-score for candidate SNP markers to find a significant change in a gene’s expression. Here we analyzed the change caused by SNPs in the gene’s promoter via a change in affinity of the TATA-binding protein for this promoter. We provide examples and discuss how to use this bioinformatics application in the course of practical analysis of unannotated SNPs from the “1000 Genomes” project. Using known biomedical SNP markers, we identified 17 novel candidate SNP markers nearby: rs549858786 (rheumatoid arthritis); rs72661131 (cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis); rs562962093 (stroke); rs563558831 (cyclophosphamide bioactivation); rs55878706 (malaria resistance, leukopenia), rs572527200 (asthma, systemic sclerosis, and psoriasis), rs371045754 (hemophilia B), rs587745372 (cardiovascular events); rs372329931, rs200209906, rs367732974, and rs549591993 (all four: cancer); rs17231520 and rs569033466 (both: atherosclerosis); rs63750953, rs281864525, and rs34166473 (all three: malaria resistance, thalassemia).
The Advanced Proton Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment (AWAKE) aims at studying plasma wakefield generation and electron acceleration driven by proton bunches. It is a proof-of-principle R&D experiment at CERN and the world׳s first proton driven plasma wakefield acceleration experiment. The AWAKE experiment will be installed in the former CNGS facility and uses the 400 GeV/c proton beam bunches from the SPS. The first experiments will focus on the self-modulation instability of the long (rms ~12 cm) proton bunch in the plasma. These experiments are planned for the end of 2016. Later, in 2017/2018, low energy (~15 MeV) electrons will be externally injected into the sample wakefields and be accelerated beyond 1 GeV. The main goals of the experiment will be summarized. A summary of the AWAKE design and construction status will be presented.
Using phase schlieren system we have measured the shape of thermocapillary bump in the gas-driven (nitrogen) locally heated water film flowing in the minichannel.

The measurements were conducted for liquid and gas flow rates corresponding to Rel=5.6 and Reg=73.5, respectively, and heat flux of 2 W/cm2.

The paper shows a qualitative coincidence of the experimental results obtained for the locally heated flowing liquid film and the numerical results on the deformation in a locally heated shear-driven water film flowing in the minichannel.
Long-lived light bullets fully localized in both space and time can be generated in novel photonic media such as multicore optical fiber or waveguide arrays. In this paper we present detailed theoretical analysis on the existence and stability of the discrete-continuous light bullets using a very generic model that occurs in a number of applications.
Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) is the one of the most important cereal species used as food and feed crops, as well as for malting and alcohol production. At the end of the last century, traditional breeding techniques were complemented by the use of DNA markers. Molecular markers have also been used extensively for molecular genetic mapping and QTL analysis. In 2012, the barley genome sequencing was completed, which provided a broad range of new opportunities – from a more efficient search for candidate genes controlling economically important traits to genomic selection.

The review summarizes the results of the studies performed after barley genome sequencing, which discovered new areas of barley genetics and breeding with high throughput screening and genotyping methods. During this period, intensive studies aimed at identification of barley genomic loci associated with economically important traits have been carried out; online databases and tools for working with barley genomic data and their deposition have appeared and are being replenished. In recent years, GWAS analysis has been used for large-scale phenotypegenotype association studies, which has been widely used in barley since 2010 due to the developed SNP-arrays, as well as genotyping methods based on direct NGS sequencing of selected fractions of the genome.

To date, more than 80 papers have been published that describe the results of the GWAS analysis in barley. SNP identification associated with economically important traits and their transformation into CAPS or KASP markers convenient for screening selection material significantly expands the possibilities of marker-assisted selection of barley. In addition, the currently available information on potential target genes and the quality of the whole barley genome sequence provides a good base for applying genome editing technologies to create material for the creation of varieties with desired properties.
В статье анализируется трансформация образа благополучного будущего от «советского поколения» к поколению «Z». Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью понимания специфики формирования оценки состояния благополучия и ее связи с мотивацией и активностью современного поколения. Целью данного исследования является разработка и апробация методологического инструментария исследования проблемы благополучия. Методы исследования: базисным основанием исследования является методология междициплинарного синтеза. На основе теорий К. Альдерфера и К. Герцберга трактуется связь изменения базовой мотивации общества с изменением базисных элементов образа будущего. Описание модели «трансформирующей призмы» позволяет определить причины противоречий в научных исследованиях при оценке картины благополучия. На основе исторического метода исследуется образ коммунизма и его значение в оценке благополучия людьми, принадлежащих к «советскому поколению». При помощи социологического опроса выявляются ключевые компоненты образа будущего поколения «Z». Сравнительный анализ позволяет оценить корректность применения модели «трансформирующей призмы» для понимания причин отдельных элементов желаемой модели благополучия. Результаты: использование методологии междисциплинарного синтеза позволяет существенно расширить горизонты научного познания. Применение модели «трансформирующей призмы» позволяет сделать более точные и корректные выводы относительно природы постоянных и переменных элементов в образе благополучия исследуемого поколения.
New Findings What is the central question of this study? Stress‐sensitive arterial hypertension is considered to be controlled by changes in central and peripheral sympathetic regulating mechanisms, which eventually result in haemodynamic alterations and blood pressure elevation. Therefore, study of the early stages of development of hypertension is of particular interest, because it helps in understanding the aetiology of the disease. What is the main finding and its importance? Non‐invasive in vivo investigation in ISIAH rats demonstrated that establishment of sustainable stress‐sensitive hypertension is accompanied by a decrease in prefrontal cortex activity and mobilization of hypothalamic processes, with considerable correlations between haemodynamic parameters and individual metabolite ratios. The study of early development of arterial hypertension in association with emotional stress is of great importance for better understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of the hypertensive disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was applied to evaluate the changes in haemodynamics and brain metabolites in 1‐ and 3‐month‐old inherited stress‐induced arterial hypertension (ISIAH) rats (10 male rats) with stress‐sensitive arterial hypertension and in control normotensive Wistar Albino Glaxo (WAG) rats (eight male rats). In the 3‐month‐old ISIAH rats, the age‐dependent increase in blood pressure was associated with increased blood flow through the renal arteries and decreased blood flow in the lower part of the abdominal aorta. The renal vascular resistance in the ISIAH rats decreased during ageing, although at both ages it remained higher than the renal vascular resistance in WAG rats. An integral metabolome portrait demonstrated that development of hypertension in the ISIAH rats was associated with an attenuation of the excitatory and energetic activity in the prefrontal cortex, whereas in the WAG rats the opposite age‐dependent changes were observed. In contrast, in the hypothalamus of 3‐month‐old ISIAH rats, an increase in energetic activity and prevalence of excitatory over inhibitory neurotransmitters was noticed. The blood flow through the main arteries showed a positive correlation with glutamate and glutamine levels in the hypothalamus and a negative correlation with the hypothalamic GABA level. The blood pressure values were positively correlated with hypothalamic choline levels. Thus, the early development of stress‐sensitive hypertension in the ISIAH rats is accompanied by considerable changes both in brain metabolite ratios and in the parameters of blood flow through the main arteries.