Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The aim of the study was to explore the association between sudden cardiac death (SCD) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs34554140, rs6670279, and rs6874185 from the list of potential molecular genetic markers of SCD, obtained in our earlier genome-wide allelotyping on pooled DNA samples.

Materials and Methods.The study is based on the case-control principle.The SCD group included 438 deceased residents of Novosibirsk (average age -53.2±9.1 years; men -72.7%, women -28.3%) with the main postmortem diagnoses of acute circulatory failure or acute coronary failure, which met the criteria of SCD established by the European Society of Cardiology.The control group included 435 live subjects enrolled in the international projects HAPIEE and MONICA (average age -53.2±8.9 years; men -70.0%, women -30.0%).DNA was isolated by phenol-chloroform extraction from the myocardial tissue in the SCD group and from the venous blood in the control group.Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction with subsequent analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism in a polyacrylamide gel.

Results.The frequencies of the genotypes of SNPs rs34554140, rs6670279, and rs6874185 in the control group correspond to those predicted by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (c 2 =0.98, 0.009, 3.39, respectively).The AA genotype of rs34554140 is associated with an increased risk of SCD (p=0.002;OR=1.85; 95% CI 1.26-2.71).The AT genotype has a protective effect against SCD (p=0.001;OR=0.53; 95% CI 0.36-0.78).In subgroups separated by gender and age, the differences persist in the subgroups of men, women, and individuals under 50 years old (p0.05).Conclusion.The association of single nucleotide polymorphisms rs34554140 and rs6670279 with SCD was confirmed.In contrast, no association of rs6874185 with SCD was detected.
Using the density matrix formalism, we prove the existence of the periodic steady-state for an arbitrary periodically driven system described by linear dynamic equations. The presented derivation simultaneously contains a simple and effective computational algorithm, which automatically guarantees a full account of all frequency components.
A set of experimental results concerning the accumulation of inelastic strain in the VT6 titanium alloy is presented. The considered tests include cyclic stress-controlled loading with monotonically increasing stress amplitude and constant mean stress.

The focus of the study is on the accurate phenomenological modelling of the complex material behaviour. Four different material models are employed to capture the phenomena of ratcheting and nonlinear kinematic hardening. Two models are of the Armstrong-Frederick type and the remaining two models are of the Ohno-Wang type. Since all the considered models contain a big number of material parameters, a sophisticated nested procedure is used for the parameter identification; the obtained material parameters are validated by additional experiments.

It is shown that all the models yield nearly the same accuracy; the limitations of the phenomenological approach are highlighted and discussed.
The cross section for exclusive heavy-quark and heavy-antiquark pair ($Q\mathrm{Q\ifmmode \bar{}\else \={}\fi{}}$) production in peripheral ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions is calculated at an energy available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, i.e., $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathit{NN}}}$ = 5.5 TeV. Here we consider only processes with photon-photon interactions and omit diffractive contributions. We present results in the impact parameter equivalent photon approximation and compare some of them with results obtained by exact calculations of the Feynman diagrams in the momentum space. We include $Q\mathrm{Q\ifmmode \bar{}\else \={}\fi{}}$, $Q\mathrm{Q\ifmmode \bar{}\else \={}\fi{}}g$, and $Q\mathrm{Q\ifmmode \bar{}\else \={}\fi{}}q\mathrm{q\ifmmode \bar{}\else \={}\fi{}}$ final states as well as photon single-resolved components. Realistic charge densities in nuclei were taken in the calculation. The different components give contributions of the same order of magnitude to the nuclear cross section. The cross sections found here are smaller than those for the diffractive photon-Pomeron mechanism and larger than the diffractive Pomeron-Pomeron discussed in the literature.
This article is focused on the intrusion and formation of combined dykes. Two main groups of conventionally magmatic mingling are distinguished: (1) plutonic bodies, and (2) combined dykes. The first group is represented by small basite inclusions that are uniformly scattered in granitoid bodies, and includes elongated swarms and tails of small bodies. The second group includes composite dykes with the indicators of mechanical mingling of basic and acid melts. Despite the similarities in the structural and textural features and the indicators of mechanical mingling of melts, these two groups are characterized by clearly different proportions of the volumes of contrasting melts and differ in the duration of formation, place of melt mingling, and tectonic setting. None of the available models was able to explain the occurrence of magmatic mingling structures in individual dykes. In our study, the mingling mechanisms of contrasting melts are discussed using the data on the geological objects located in West Sangilen, an area of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The general and specific parameters of combined dikes of the Saizyral and Tavyt‐ Dag sites are considered. The models of shear dilatation and dispersion are proposed for explaining the mechanisms of magmatic mingling in combined dykes.
Swirl flow with the formation of a precessing vortex core (PVC) in a hydro turbine draft tube model was studied using Stereo-PIV and four acoustic sensors.

Experiments were performed on an aerodynamic setup in a wide range of operating conditions of the hydro turbine. Using a spatial Fourier decomposition of pressure pulsation data obtained from four acoustic sensors, a PVC was observed for part-load operating regimes (0.3-0.7 Q c ).

Mean flow features were shown for the range of operating regimes from a deep part-load regime (0.3 Q c ) to an overload regime (1.5 Q c ). Based on phase-averaged velocity distributions, the PVC spatial structure was identified for maximum pressure pulsations on the cone walls of the draft tube.
HIV-1 integrase (IN) catalyzes integration of a DNA copy of the viral genome into the host genome. In contrast to canonical proteases (trypsin, chymotrypsin and proteinase K), IgGs and IgMs isolated from HIV-infected patients by affinity chromatography on immobilized IN specifically hydrolyzed only IN but not many other tested intact globular proteins. The sites of IN cleavage determined by MALDI mass spectrometry were localized mainly within seven known immunodominant regions of IN. Thin layer chromatography analysis has shown that the abzymes (Abzs) could also cleave 17 to 22-mer oligopeptides (OPs) corresponding to the immunodominant regions of IN sequence with a much higher rate than non-specific long peptides or three- and tetrapeptides of various sequence. Therefore, a prolonged incubation of IN with AIDS IgGs and IgMs having high catalytic activity usually produces many OPs of different length. Since anti-IN IgGs and IgMs can efficiently hydrolyze IN, a positive role of the Abzs in counteracting the infection is possible.
The laser cooling of atoms with a narrow-line optical transition, i.e., in regimes of quantum nature of laser-light interactions resulting in a significant recoil effect, is studied. It is demonstrated that a minimum laser-cooling temperature for two-level atoms in a standing wave reached for red detuning close to three recoil frequencies is vastly different from the theory used for a semiclassical description of Doppler cooling. A set of dimensionless parameters uniquely characterizing the time evolution and the steady state of different atoms with narrow-line optical transitions in the laser field is introduced. The results can be used for analysis of optimal conditions for laser cooling of atoms with narrow lines such as Ca, Sr, and Mg, which are of great interest for atomic clocks.
An important issue in the target identification for the drug design is the tissue-specific effect of inhibition of target genes. The task of assessing the tissue-specific effect in suppressing gene activity is especially relevant in the studies of the brain, because a significant variability in gene expression levels among different areas of the brain was well documented.

A method is proposed for constructing statistical models to predict the potential effect of the knockout of target genes on the expression of genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis in various brain regions. The model connects the expression of the objective group of genes with expression of the target gene by means of machine learning models trained on available expression data. Information about the interactions between target and objective genes is determined by reconstruction of target-centric gene network. STRING and ANDSystem databases are used for the reconstruction of gene networks. The developed models have been used to analyse gene knockout effects of more than 7,500 target genes on the expression of 1,900 objective genes associated with the Gene Ontology category "apoptotic process". The tissue-specific effect was calculated for 12 main anatomical structures of the human brain. Initial values of gene expression in these anatomical structures were taken from the Allen Brain Atlas database.

The results of the predictions of the effect of suppressing the activity of target genes on apoptosis, calculated on average for all brain structures, were in good agreement with experimental data on siRNA-inhibition. This theoretical paper presents an approach that can be used to assess tissue-specific gene knockout effect on gene expression of the studied biological process in various structures of the brain. Genes that, according to the predictions of the model, have the highest values of tissue-specific effects on the apoptosis network can be considered as potential pharmacological targets for the development of drugs that would potentially have strong effect on the specific area of the brain and a much weaker effect on other brain structures. Further experiments should be provided in order to confirm the potential findings of the method.
The influence of a monatomic carrier gas on cluster formation in supersonic methane jets is studied. The formation of methane clusters in a mixture with condensed argon and non-condensable helium with the same gas-dynamic parameters is then compared.

It is shown that the methane clusters' formation intensity is extremely low both within a jet of pure methane, and in a mixture with carrier argon. The methane condensation process dependence on the properties of a carrier gas and the methane volume fraction in the mixture at the selected gas dynamic parameters of the flow is demonstrated.

The effect of dissociative methane ionization and the fragmentation of methane clusters in the mass spectrometer detector on the recorded mass spectrum is established. The cluster methane ions protonation and the increase in their fraction with increasing clusters are recorded. Finally, magic numbers for methane clusters are found.
To study the changes in protein composition of atherosclerotic plaques at different stages of their development in coronary atherosclerosis using proteomics.The object of research consisted of homogenates of atherosclerotic plaques from coronary arteries at different stages of development, obtained from 15 patients. Plaque proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The resultant protein spots were identified by the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization method with peptide mass mapping.Groups of differentially expressed proteins, in which the amounts of proteins differed more than twofold (p < 0.05), were identified in pools of homogenates of atherosclerotic plaques at three stages of development. The amounts of the following proteins were increased in stable atherosclerotic plaques at the stage of lipidosis and fibrosis: vimentin, tropomyosin β-chain, actin, keratin, tubulin β-chain, microfibril-associated glycoprotein 4, serum amyloid P-component, and annexin 5. In plaques at the stage of fibrosis and calcification, the amounts of mimecan and fibrinogen were increased. In unstable atherosclerotic plaque of the necrotic-dystrophic type, the amounts of human serum albumin, mimecan, fibrinogen, serum amyloid P-component and annexin were increased.This proteomic study identifies the proteins present in atherosclerotic plaques of coronary arteries by comparing their proteomes at three different stages of plaque development during coronary atherosclerosis.
Cave sites often become objects of palynological reconstructions; however, the question of the representativeness of cave deposits for palynological researches in connection with the specifics of the distribution and burial of pollen grains in the caves is currently relevant and insufficiently studied. This article provides the results of a palynological study of surface samples from three sites: Strashnaya, Chagyrskaya, and Biyka-1 caves (Altai Territory). The comparison of the results based on the study of samples inside and outside the caves showed their similarity, which confirms the assumption that such data can be used for climatic reconstructions. However, there are aspects necessary to be taken into consideration when interpreting palynological data obtained from the deposits of cave sites, which is also confirmed by other researchers. Such aspects include the following: location of the sampling site: there is a negative correlation between the distance from the cave entrance and the concentration of pollen, as well as the content of anemophilic plants pollen in a sample; animal activity inside the cave: animal roosting and denning behavior or insect nesting inside the cave may cause distortion of palinospectra; cave morphology, size and number of cave entrances: it was noted that caves with one sufficiently wide entrance are more indicative, because it can provide sufficient air circulation in the cave; orientation of the cave entrances: palinospectra inside the cave may reflect the local vegetation of the territory to which the entrance is directed; specificity of the distribution of pollen grains of plants of various families: it was noted that the accumulation of pollen of entomophilic plants closer to the back of the cave is higher than anemophilic ones; different degree of resistance of the shells of pollen grains of different families: pollen grains with a shell more resistant to post-deposition processes may be present in palinospectra in greater concentration due to the destruction of grains with a less resistant shell.
In the current article, we provide in vitro efficacy evaluation of a unique accelerator-based neutron source, constructed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation), for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), which is particularly effective in the case of invasive cancers.

U251MG, CHO-K1 and V79 cells were incubated and irradiated in various concentrations of boric acid with epithermal neutrons for 2-3 h in a plexiglass phantom, using 2.0 MeV proton energy and 1.5-3.0 mA proton current, resulting in a neutron fluence of 2.16 × 1012 cm-2. The survival curves of cells loaded with boron were normalized to those irradiated without boron (to exclude the influence of the fast neutron and gamma dose components) and fit to the linear-quadratic (LQ) model. Colony formation assays showed the following cell survival rates (means ± SDs): CHO-K1: 0.348 ± 0.069 (10 ppm), 0.058 ± 0.017 (20 ppm), 0.018 ± 0.005 (40 ppm); V79: 0.476 ± 0.160 (10 ppm), 0.346 ± 0.053 (20 ppm), 0.078 ± 0.015 (40 ppm); and U251MG: 0.311 ± 0.061 (10 ppm), 0.131 ± 0.022 (20 ppm), 0.020 ± 0.010 (40 ppm).

The difference between treated cells and controls was significant in all cases (P < 0.01) and confirmed that the neutron source and irradiation regimen were sufficient for control over cell colony formation. We believe our study will serve as a model for ongoing in vitro experiments on neutron capture therapy to advance in this area for further development of accelerator-based BNCT into the clinical phase.
Single-ion magnet properties are improved by embedding in a non-isostructural diamagnetic host lattice.
Light-induced frequency shifts can be a key limiting contribution to the mid and long-term frequency instability in atomic clocks. In this letter, we demonstrate the experimental implementation of the combined error signal interrogation protocol to a cold-atom clock based on coherent population trapping (CPT) and Ramsey spectroscopy. The method uses a single error signal that results from the normalized combination of two error signals extracted from two Ramsey sequences of different dark periods. The single combined error signal is used to stabilize the atomic clock frequency. Compared to the standard Ramsey-CPT interrogation, this method reduces the clock frequency sensitivity to light-shift variations by more than one order of magnitude. This method can be applied in various kinds of Ramsey-based atomic clocks, sensors and instruments.
Dizziness can be caused by different problems in elderly patients; the possibilities of drug therapy are limited; betahistine dihydrochloride is most commonly used. Objective : to investigate the efficiency and safety of combination therapy with mexidol and betahistine in patients with vertigo according to the global assessment scale for treatment efficiency. Patients and methods . The investigation enrolled 89 elderly patients (mean age, 73.7 years) with chronic cerebrovascular disease and complaints of dizziness. Neurological, otoneurological (the orthostatic test, the forced hyperventilation test, the Dix–Hallpike test, the Tinetti test, and the visual vertigo analogue scale), somatic, cognitive and emotional statuses were evaluated in all the patients. The patients were randomized into two groups. A study group included patients who took betahistine 48 mg/day, intravenous Mexidol® 5.0 ml for 10 days, then 375 mg tablets daily for 50 days; a comparison group consisted of patients who used only betahistine 48 mg/day for 60 days. The efficiency of treatment in both groups was evaluated using the global scale on day 60 of therapy, by taking into account the opinion of a physician and a patient. Results . In the elderly patients, vertigo was caused by several problems in the majority (75%) of cases. The combined (betahistine + mexidol) treatment group showed a more significant (more than double) reduction in the symptoms of vertigo than the comparison group. Conclusion . In elderly patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease and vertigo, combined therapy with betahistine and mexidol, which has neuroprotective properties, improves the results of treatment.
The relative abundance of the three decay modes ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}{K}^{+}$, ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$, and ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ produced in 7 TeV $pp$ collisions at the LHC is determined from data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $35\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{pb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$.

The branching fraction of ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}{K}^{+}$ is found to be $\mathcal{B}({B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}{K}^{+})=(2.01\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{0.18}^{\mathrm{stat}}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}{0.14}^{\mathrm{syst}})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$. The ratio of fragmentation fractions ${f}_{s}/{f}_{d}$ is determined through the relative abundance of ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{s}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ to ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}{K}^{+}$ and ${B}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$, leading to ${f}_{s}/{f}_{d}=0.253\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.017\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.017\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.020$, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and theoretical, respectively.
We present the current status of high-energy cosmic-ray physics and gamma-ray astronomy at the Tunka Astrophysical Center (AC). This complex is located in the Tunka Valley, about 50 km from Lake Baikal. Present efforts are focused on the construction of the first stage of the gamma-ray observatory TAIGA - the TAIGA prototype. TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy) is designed for the study of gamma rays and charged cosmic rays in the energy range 1013 eV–1018 eV. The array includes a network of wide angle timing Cherenkov stations (TAIGA-HiSCORE), each with a FOV = 0.6 sr, plus up to 16 IACTs (FOV - 10∘× 10∘). This part covers an area of 5 km2. Additional muon detectors (TAIGA-Muon), with a total coverage of 2000 m2, are distributed over an area of 1 km2.
New self-oscillatory compressible flows are found and investigated. Self-oscillations are supposed to be produced as a result of resonance interactions of flow “active” elements, namely, elements, amplifying disturbances. Hypothesis is used that contact discontinuities and intersection points of shocks with shocks or shocks with contact discontinuities compose the flow set of “active” elements. Two-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stocks equations added by an algebraic turbulence model are solved by an implicit third order Runge-Kutta scheme. Well studied open cavity flow and jet impinging on a plane are calculated to verify the numerical method and the turbulence model. Compressible flows near blunted bodies, giving off supersonic opposite jets from forehead surfaces, are discovered to have self-oscillatory regimes.
Accurate repeatability of experimental data is the basis of professional scientific research.

In this study we analyzed three consecutive experiments: The subjects had to complete a questionnaire three times under similar conditions within a 2–3 week interval to ensure reproducibility of the original data from experiment to experiment, using the method of test–retest reliability. Absolute reliability was assessed by the standard error of measurement (SEM) and smallest real difference (SRD). The relative reliability was estimated by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC3,1) (average measures) and the results demonstrate almost perfect agreement. The social interaction model was applied for organization of the experimental study. In this virtual model, the participants had to choose one of three types of reactions (i.e., attacking, avoiding, or friendly) to stimuli-facial expressions (i.e., angry, fearful, sad, neutral, and happy).

The results show significant correlation between personal characteristics and social interactions. The results of the influence of such personal characteristics as agreeableness, collectivism, extraversion, neuroticism, and those shown on the Relational-interdependent Self-Construal Scale and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory are highly consistent with other researchers’ data and common sense.
Photon beams at photon colliders are very narrow, powerful (10--15 MW) and cannot be spread by fast magnets (because photons are neutral). No material can withstand such energy density.

For the ILC-based photon collider, we suggest using a 150 m long, pressurized (P ~ 4 atm) argon gas target in front of a water absorber which solves the overheating and mechanical stress problems.

The neutron background at the interaction point is estimated and additionally suppressed using a 20 m long hydrogen gas target in front of the argon.