Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The development of fusion facilities urges a search for materials resilient to plasma interaction. For simulations of plasma-material interaction a source of steady-state plasma is needed with sufficiently large plasma density at the level of 1013 cm-3 at least.

A helicon plasma source was developed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS as a prototype of a powerful plasma source for future use in linear plasma devices for simulation of plasma-material interaction. Using Nagoya-type-III antenna hydrogen plasma is produced at 13.56 MHz frequency and with RF power up to 5 kW inside a quartz discharge chamber of 108 mm outer diameter and 400 mm axial length. Five coils installed outside the discharge chamber produce the magnetic field with two maxima at the ends of the chamber. The efficiency of the plasma production and the plasma density distribution are very sensitive to the geometry and strength of the magnetic field.

In this paper, the results of the measurements of radial plasma density profiles and the electron temperature are presented. Their dependence upon the RF power, magnetic field geometry and strength, and gas pressure is discussed.
T REATED effluent from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) offers significant water demand in all areas of activities in rural farm.This research evaluates the reuse of secondary treated wastewater (STWW) for irrigating crops, fresh vegetables and feeding fish farm.Physico-chemical, heavy metals and cytogenetic have been investigated.Intensive analyses of crops seeds, vegetables components, soil, dried sludge and fish organisms have been carried out.Results showed that the characteristics of secondary treated wastewater can be used for crops plantation and fish farming.Cytogenetic studies using Alliums' bio-tests were investigated.The concentrations of each: Cr, Pb, Co, Se, Ni, Cu, and Zn in STWW was less than 0.1 mg/l.Carbon content, nitrogen, and phosphorous were: 6.0; 1.2; and 0.1 mg/l, respectively fulfilling the requirements C: N: P ratios for plant growth.Results showed also that the irrigated crops and vegetables exhibited good growth.Analyses of roots, stems, leaves, seeds and sludge showed metals concentrations were within the permissible range.Tilapia fish showed noticeable vitality.Parasitological examination of fish revealed no parasitic cysts detected in the skin, gills and intestine, respectively.It showed no bacterial strains isolated from fish tissues.Macroscopically parameters as root length and shape look normal and healthy, while microscopically parameters showed no change of mitotic index, RDR, phase index, chromosomal aberrations of the bioassay plant tissues and do not stimulate specific type of chromosomal aberrations as well as percentage of chromosomal aberrations.All studied parameters were found in normal limits when compared with control values.This indicated the efficiency of the treatment system; hence STWW has no mutagenicity or cytotoxicity effects.Examined parameters in this study were found in normal limits if compared with trigger levels of treated wastewater.
This article presents the results of experimental and theoretical study of 3D instability of waves in liquid films and rivulets, falling down a vertical plate.

The method of laser induced fluorescence was used to obtain instant shapes of three dimensional waves in a liquid films and rivulets and to investigate the regularities of formation of 3D wave patterns. In particular, during 2D-3D wave transition in the film flow, we observed a strong transverse redistribution of liquid leading to the formation of rivulets on the surface of isothermal liquid film, which is a phenomenon not described previously.

The results of simulation of 2D and 3D regular waves in the single rivulet are compared with the authors' previous experimental data.
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a monogenic disease, leading to atherosclerosis due to a high level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Most cases of the disease are based on pathological variants in the LDLR gene.

We obtained an iPSC line from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the patient with compound heterozygous p.Ser177Leu/p.Cys352Arg mutation in LDLR using non-integrating vectors.

Hepatocyte-like and endothelial cells derived from individual iPSCs are a good model for developing new approaches to therapy. The iPSCs with a confirmed patient-specific mutation demonstrate pluripotency markers, normal karyotype, and the ability to differentiate into derivatives of three germ layers.
The inverse scattering problem of the reconstruction of the unknown potential with compact support in the 3-d Schrödinger equation is considered. Only the modulus of the scattering complex valued wave field is known, whereas the phase is unknown. It is shown that the unknown potential can be reconstructed via the inverse Radon transform. Therefore, a long standing problem posed in 1977 by K. Chadan and P.C. Sabatier in their book "Inverse Problems in Quantum Scattering Theory" is solved.
Studies on cancer in man and pure strain animals have shown that the malignant neoplasm, both in animals and in human beings, is not a single, genetically homogeneous disease: it consists of a lot of forms differing in localization, histological structure and etiopathogenesis. This circumstance is not always taken into account by the investigators in cancer research by the twin method, and especially in the determination of within-pair concordance/discordance, which is often a source of misunderstandings and faulty conclusions. In order to establish a more objective criterion for estimating the real twin concordance in the studies of such diseases as cancer, we have worked out a quantitative index called Concordance Index: where: CI = Concordance Index %; a = number of twin pairs, MZ or DZ, which are fully concordant for the principal features; b = number of partially concordant twin pairs; n = total number of twin pairs, MZ or DZ. The accuracy of twin zygosity determination acquires a particular importance in cases of low penetrance of the disease. In such cases, even a minor inaccuracy in the zygosity diagnosis may considerably influence the twins' CI, and always in the same direction: any mistake in the determination of twin zygosity always leads to an artificial diminution of the role of hereditary factors. Therefore, we consider that the questionnaire method of twin zygosity determination, as well as any other insufficiently objective method, should not be used in the genetic studies on cancer.
It is studied the possibility of modeling of undular bores on the basis of the second approximation of the shallow water theory. The classical differential Green-Naghdi model cannot be used for correct numerical simulation of wave flows with undular bores. The reason for this is that this model is derived within the framework of the long-wave approximation, by virtue of which the characteristic depth of the stream is much less than the characteristic length of the surface waves, which is not performed in the undular bore front. An integro-differential Green-Naghdi model is proposed for numerical simulation of undular bores. In this model we used the divergent differential form of the continuity equation and the integral conservation law of horizontal momentum. This model is derived from two-dimensional integral conservation laws of mass and momentum, describing a plane-parallel flow of an ideal incompressible fluid over a horizontal bottom. The basis of this conclusion is the concept of a local hydrostatic approximation, which generalizes the concept of the long-wave approximation and is used to justify the applicability of shallow water models to describe wave flows with the hydraulic bores.
Currently, a new generation of high-speed, information-intensive resistive memory based on nonstoichiometric dielectrics is being developed.

The electron structure of nonstoichiometric silicon oxide SiO x is set by the value of parameter x . It is found that the treatment of thermal SiO 2 in hydrogen plasma electron cyclotron resonance leads to the enrichment of silicon oxide with excess silicon, which in turn leads to the appearance of electron and hole traps in SiO x . SiO x conductivity is bipolar: electrons are injected from negatively biased silicon and holes are injected from positively biased silicon. Cathodoluminescence (CL) experiments confirm the assumption that the traps in SiO x are due to the excess silicon. p ++-Si(100)/SiO x /Ni memristor metal-dielectric-semiconductor (MDS) structures are fabricated based on the developed procedure for the preparation of nonstoichiometric oxide in hydrogen plasma of electron cyclotron resonance.

Such structures have the properties of resistive switching of SiO x that do not require a forming operation.
Proton nuclear magnetic resonance is a type of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which is widely used to detect hydrogen containing liquids, like water or hydrocarbons. The use of the Earth's magnetic field allows remote detection of fluids sub surface without generating an independent magnetic field that is expensive and complex enough to apply. An important feature of NMR in the Earth's field is that the signals produced by snow and ice are generally unobservable under experimental conditions created for liquid water prospecting. The characteristics of the RF response are associated with the molecular environment of the nuclei. This allows detecting NMR signals of water in pores of various size.
Purpose . The aim of this work was to analyze the complete genome of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum 8 RA 3, Lactobacillus fermentum 90 TC‐4, Lactobacillus fermentum 39, Bifidobacterium bifidum 791, Bifidobacterium bifidum 1, and Bifidobacterium longum 379 and to test their activity against influenza A and SARS‐CoV‐2 viruses. Methods . To confirm the taxonomic affiliation of the bacterial strains, MALDI TOF mass spectrometry and biochemical test systems were used. Whole genome sequencing was performed on the Illumina Inc. MiSeq platform. To determine the antiviral activity, A/Lipetsk/1V/2018 (H1N1 pdm09) (EPI_ISL_332798) and A/common gull/Saratov/1676/2018 (H5N6) (EPI_ISL_336925) influenza viruses and SARS‐CoV‐2 virus strain Australia/VIC01/2020 (GenBank: MT007544.1) were used. Results . All studied probiotic bacteria are nonpathogenic for humans and do not contain the determinants of transmission‐type antibiotic resistance and integrated plasmids. Resistance to antibiotics of different classes is explained by the presence of molecular efflux pumps of the MatE and MFS families. Cultures of L. fermentum 90 TC 4, L . plantarum 8 RA 3, and B. bifidum 791 showed a pronounced activity against influenza A viruses in MDCK cells. Activity against the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus was demonstrated only by the L. fermentum 90 TC 4 strain in VERO cells. Conclusions . The studied probiotic bacteria are safe, have antiviral activity, and are of great importance for the prevention of diseases caused by respiratory viruses that can also infect the human intestine.
We propose a combined computational approach based on the multi-phase-field and the lattice Boltzmann method for the motion of solid particles under the action of capillary forces.

The accuracy of the method is analyzed by comparison with the analytic solutions for the motion of two parallel plates of finite extension connected by a capillary bridge. The method is then used to investigate the dynamics of multiple spherical solid bodies connected via capillary bridges. The amount of liquid connecting the spheres is varied, and the influence of the resulting liquid-morphology on their dynamics is investigated.

It is shown that the method is suitable for a study of liquid-phase sintering which includes both phase transformation and capillary driven rigid body motion.
This paper addresses the analysis of the applicability of water as a working fluid for the new adsorptive heat transformation (AHT) cycle "Heat from Cold" (HeCol). The cycle proposed for cold countries operates at the ambient temperature below 0 °C.

In this work, an aqueous solution of calcium chloride is proposed instead of liquid water to prevent the ice formation in the evaporator and condenser. The proposed water-based cycle is compared with the common methanol-based HeCol one in terms of the specific useful heat generated per cycle. The effect of the CaCl2 solution on the cycle boundary pressures and its useful heat is studied both theoretically and experimentally.

This approach can be extended to other adsorptive heat transformation cycles working at an evaporator or condenser temperature below 0 °C.
Electron spin-echo envelope modulation (ESEEM) spectroscopy of phospholipids spin-labeled systematically down the sn-2 chain was used to detect the penetration of water (D2O) into bilayer membranes of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine with and without 50 mol % cholesterol.

Three-pulse stimulated echoes allow the resolution of two superimposed 2H-ESEEM spectral components of different widths, for spin labels located in the upper part of the lipid chains. Quantum chemical calculations (DFT) and ESEEM simulations assign the broad spectral component to one or two D2O molecules that are directly hydrogen bonded to the N-O group of the spin label. Classical ESEEM simulations establish that the narrow spectral component arises from nonbonded water (D2O) molecules that are free in the hydrocarbon chain region of the bilayer membrane.

The amplitudes of the broad 2H-ESEEM spectral component correlate directly with those of the narrow component for spin labels at different positions down the lipid chain, reflecting the local H-bonding equilibria. The D2O-ESEEM amplitudes decrease with position down the chain toward the bilayer center, displaying a sigmoidal dependence on position that is characteristic of transmembrane polarity profiles established by other less direct spin-labeling methods. The midpoint of the sigmoidal profile is shifted toward the membrane center for membranes without cholesterol, relative to those with cholesterol, and the D2O-ESEEM amplitude in the outer regions of the chain is greater in the presence of cholesterol than in its absence. For both membrane types, the D2O amplitude is almost vanishingly small at the bilayer center. The water-penetration profiles reverse correlate with the lipid-chain packing density, as reflected by 1H-ESEEM intensities from protons of the membrane matrix. An analysis of the H-bonding equilibria provides essential information on the binding of water molecules to H-bond acceptors within the hydrophobic interior of membranes. For membranes containing cholesterol, approximately 40% of the nitroxides in the region adjacent to the lipid headgroups are H bonded to water, of which ca. 15% are doubly H bonded. Corresponding H-bonded populations in membranes without cholesterol are ca. 20%, of which ca. 6% are doubly bonded.
Fifty-three genes were mapped in the American mink genome using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based analysis of a Chinese hamster–American mink somatic cell hybrid panel. Heterologous primers designed for cat gene mapping were used in this study. Forty-nine of these loci were localized into expected chromosome regions according to Zoo-FISH data, whereas four loci—ALPL, CDC20, ERF-2, and Fc(Mv)23617—were mapped out of expected conserved regions. PCR products amplified with primers corresponding to these four markers were partly sequenced and verified using BLAST. The results showed the homology to be more than 90% between mink and human or cat counterparts. At present, the gene map of American mink has expanded to 127 loci.
Iterative processes in the Krylov subspaces for solving large ill conditioned saddle-type SLAEs with sparse matrices arising in finite difference, finite volume, and finite element approximations of multidimensional boundary value problems with complex geometric and functional properties of the initial data, characteristic of many relevant applications are studied.

Combined two-level iterative algorithms using efficient Chebyshev acceleration and variational the conjugate directions methods, as well as the Golub-Kahan bi-diagonalization algorithms in the Krylov subspaces are considered.

Examples of two-dimensional and three-dimensional filtration problems are used to study the resource consumption and computational performance of the proposed algorithms, as well as their scalable parallization on the multiprocessor systems with distributed and hierarchical shared memory.
Pulsed dipolar electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool for structural studies of biomolecules and their complexes. This method, whose applicability has been recently extended to room temperatures, requires immobilization of the studied biosystem to prevent averaging of dipolar couplings; at the same time, the modification of native conformations by immobilization must be avoided. In this work, we provide first demonstration of room-temperature EPR distance measurements in nucleic acids using saccharides trehalose, sucrose, and glucose as immobilizing media. We propose an approach that keeps structural conformation and unity of immobilized double-stranded DNA. Remarkably, room-temperature electron spin dephasing time of triarylmethyl-labeled DNA in trehalose is noticeably longer compared to previously used immobilizers, thus providing a broader range of available distances. Therefore, saccharides, and especially trehalose, can be efficiently used as immobilizers of nucleic acids, mimicking native conditions and allowing wide range of structural EPR studies at room temperatures.
Combined lengthening of the cavity of a passive mode-locked fibre master oscillator and implementation of a new concept of intra-cavity power management led to achievement of a record-high pulse energy directly at the output of the mode-locked fibre master oscillator (without any subsequent amplification) exceeding 12 µJ. Output powers at the level of > 12 µJ obtainable from a long-cavity mode-locked fibre master oscillator open new possibilities of application of all pulse types that can be generated in such oscillators.
Non-long terminal repeat (non-LTR) retrotransposons are mobile genetic elements that propagate themselves by reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate. Non-LTR retrotransposons are known to evolve mainly via vertical transmission and random loss. Horizontal transmission is believed to be a very rare event in non-LTR retrotransposons. Our knowledge of distribution and diversity of insect non-LTR retrotransposons is limited to a few species – mainly model organisms such as dipteran genera Drosophila, Anopheles, and Aedes. However, diversity of non-LTR retroelements in arthropods seems to be much richer. The present study extends the analysis of non-LTR retroelements to CR1 clade from four butterfly species of genus Maculinea (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae). The lycaenid genus Maculinea, the object of interest for evolutionary biologists and also a model group for European biodiversity studies, possesses a unique, specialized myrmecophilous lifestyle at larval stage. Their caterpillars, after three weeks of phytophagous life on specific food plants drop to the ground where they are adopted to the ant nest by Myrmica foraging workers. We found that the genome of Maculinea butterflies contains multiple CR1 lineages of non-LTR retrotransposons, including those from MacCR1A, MacCR1B and T1Q families. A comparative analysis of RT nucleotide sequences demonstrated an extremely high similarity among elements both in interspecific and intraspecific comparisons. CR1A-like elements were found only in family Lycaenidae. In contrast, MacCR1B lineage clones were extremely similar to CR1B non-LTR retrotransposons from Bombycidae moths: silkworm Bombyx mori and Oberthueria caeca. The degree of coding sequence similarity of the studied elements, their discontinuous distribution, and results of divergence-versus-age analysis make it highly unlikely that these sequences diverged at the same time as their host taxa. The only reasonable alternative explanation is horizontal transfer. In addition, phylogenetic markers for population analysis of Maculinea could be developed based on the described non-LTR retrotransposons.
We are concerned with a hydrodynamical model of layered structures at the presence of the electric current. We formulate a linearized stability problem for shock waves and prove its ill-posedness, which means instability of shock waves for the given model of layered structures.
Разработаны планарные плазмонные фотодетекторы Ge/Si с квантовыми точками Ge на подложках кремний-на-изоляторе, сопряженные с регулярными массивами металлических нанодисков на их поверхности.

Обнаружено, что введение адгезионных слоев, необходимых для формирования стабильных наноструктур из благородных металлов, ведет к подавлению поверхностного плазмонного резонанса. Выбор алюминиевых нанодисков, не требующих адгезионных слоев, позволяет повысить эффективность фотоприемников

в 40 раз на длине волны 1.2 мкм и в 15 раз при λ=1.65 мкм.
Statistical analysis of massive datasets very often implies expensive linear algebra operations with large dense matrices.Typical tasks are an estimation of unknown parameters of the underlying statistical model and prediction of missing values.We developed the H-MLE procedure, which solves these typical tasks.The unknown parameters can be estimated by maximizing the joint Gaussian log-likelihood function, which depends on a covariance matrix.To decrease the high computational cost, we approximate the covariance matrix in the hierarchical (H-) matrix format, which has only a log-linear computational cost.The H-matrix technique allows inhomogeneous covariance matrices and almost arbitrary locations.Especially, H-matrices can be applied in cases when the matrices under consideration are dense and unstructured.For validation purposes, we implemented three machine learning methods: the kNN, random forest, and deep neural network.The best results (for the given datasets) were obtained by the kNN method with three or seven neighbors depending on the dataset.The results computed with the H-MLE method were compared with the results obtained by the kNN method.The developed H-matrix code and all datasets are freely available online.