Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The silver fox is a strictly seasonal breeder, and photoperiod is the primary environmental cue that regulates reproduction in this species.

Adult silver fox females from the commercial and selected population were exposed to artificial photoperiods (9.5L: 14.5D) from September until March in a specially equipped shed. The females of two behaviour types maintained in natural daylight served as a control. The experimental groups received illumination in two fractions, one of 7 and one of 2.5 hours duration. The 7-hour period was natural daylight from 10:00 to 17:00 and the additional light pulse was artificial illumination at night (00-02:30), in the morning (06:00-08:30) and in the evening (17:30-20:00).

The results demonstrate that a light pulse at night can induce early oestrus and ovarian hormonal activity in anoestrus fox females and the effect was expressed in most extent in selected than in control females. Additionally, this photoperiod decreased dramatically the litter size in both behavioural groups. Photoperiods with morning and evening additional light pulse did not change the temporal pattern of the reproductive rhythm but the litter size was also decreased in control-combined group but not in selected one. All artificial photoperiods depressed the ovarian hormonal activity during follicular and luteal phases of the ovarian cycle and the group with the night additional light pulse had a most pronounced response. The data obtained suggested that behavior selection resulted in an alteration in the relationship between the endogenous reproductive rhythm and environmental photoperiod and increased resist-ibility to detrimental effects of artificial photoperiods on the litter size.
The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) produce global ocean analyses based on the Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS). This system uses a state of the art ocean general circulation model named moduler ocean model (MOM) and the 3D-Variational (3DVar) data assimilation technique. In this study we have evaluated the INCOIS-GODAS operational analysis products with an upgrade of the physical model from MOM4p0d to MOM4p1. Two experiments were performed with same atmospheric forcing fields:(i) using MOM4p0d (GODAS_p0), and (ii) using MOM4p1 (GODAS_p1). Observed temperature and salinity profiles were assimilated in both experiments. Validation with independent observations show improvement of sea surface temperature(SST), sea surface salinity (SSS) and surface currents in the new analysis GODAS_p1 as compared to the old analysis GODAS_p0.
Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE) is a promising method for NMR signal enhancement and production of hyperpolarized molecules. As nuclear spin relaxation times of heteronuclei are usually much longer than those of protons, SABRE‐based hyperpolarization of heteronuclei in molecules is highly important in the context of biomedical applications.

In this work, we demonstrate that the SLIC‐SABRE technique can be successfully used to hyperpolarize 15 N nuclei in dalfampridine.

The high polarization level of ca. 8 % achieved in this work made it possible to acquire 15 N MR images at natural abundance of the 15 N nuclei for the first time.
There is experimental evidence that chronic social defeat stress is accompanied by the development of an anxiety, development of a depression-like state, and downregulation of serotonergic genes in midbrain raphe nuclei of male mice. Our study was aimed at investigating the effects of chronic lithium chloride (LiCl) administration on anxiety behavior and the expression of serotonergic genes in midbrain raphe nuclei of the affected mice. A pronounced anxiety-like state in male mice was induced by chronic social defeat stress in daily agonistic interactions. After 6 days of this stress, defeated mice were chronically treated with saline or LiCl (100 mg/kg, i.p., 2 weeks) during the continuing agonistic interactions. Anxiety was assessed by behavioral tests. RT-PCR was used to determine Tph2, Htr1a, Htr5b, and Slc6a4 mRNA expression. The results revealed anxiolytic-like effects of LiCl on social communication in the partition test and anxiogenic-like effects in both elevated plus-maze and social interaction tests. Chronic LiCl treatment upregulated serotonergic genes in midbrain raphe nuclei. Thus, LiCl effects depend on the treatment mode, psycho-emotional state of the animal, and experimental context (tests). It is assumed that increased expression of serotonergic genes is accompanied by serotonergic system activation and, as a side effect, by higher anxiety.
Old Testament frightening theophanies of an incomprehensible divinity, protected from the gaze of mortals by fi re, smoke, and light 1 and prophecies on the future spiritual enlightenment of God's people were fulfi lled in the New Testament theology of the Incarnation as the coming of the true light into the world (John 1: 4-9) 2 and the revelation of the radiant face of God to the disciples in the Transfi guration on Mount Tabor.The theology of the First Ecumenical Council of Nicaea on the single substance of the Son and the Father is formulated in the language of a metaphor of light, and becomes an integral part of Christian life and liturgy in the words of the Nicaean-Constantinopolitan Creed. 3 The Christian mystical tradition also witnessed multiple occasions, when God revealed himself to ascetics in the form of light.This article att empts at demonstrating several distinct traditions of the vision of light and vision of an anthropomorphic divinity, their interac-(*) I would like to thank Prof. István Perczel from the Central European University, Budapest for his many valuable ideas and remarks which provided the basis for this study.
In this paper we consider the inverse problem of detecting the inclusions inside the human tissue by using the acoustic sounding wave. The problem is considered in the form of coefficient inverse problem for first-order system of PDE

and we use the gradient descent approach to recover the coefficients of that system. The important part of the sceme is the solution of the direct and adjoint problem on each iteration of the descent. We consider two finite-volume methods of solving the direct problem

and study their Influence on the performance of recovering the coefficients.
Arteriovenous malformation is a chaotic disordered interlacement of very small diameter vessels, performing reset of blood from the artery into the vein. In this regard it can be adequately modeled using porous medium. In this model process of embolization described as penetration of non-adhesive substance ONYX into the porous medium, filled with blood, both of these fluids are not mixed with each other. In one-dimensional approximation such processes are well described by Buckley-Leverett equation. In this paper Buckley-Leverett equation is solved numerically by using a new modification of Cabaret scheme. The results of numerical modeling process of embolization of AVM are shown.
In the present work simultaneous velocity field and passive admixture concentration field measurements at realistic flow-rates conditions in a non-reacting flow in a model of combustion chamber with an industrial mixing device are reported. In the experiments for safety reasons the real fuel (natural gas) was replaced with neon gas to simulate stratification in a strongly swirling flow. Measurements were performed by means of planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) and particle image velocimetry technique (PIV) at Reynolds number, based on the mean flow rate and nozzle diameter, ≈300 000. Details on experimental technique, features of the experimental setup, images and data preprocessing procedures and results of performed measurements are given in the paper. In addition to the raw velocity and admixture concentration data in-depth evaluation approaches aimed for estimation of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) components, assessment of turbulent Schmidt number and analysis of the gradient closure hypothesis from experimental data are presented in the paper.
The generating scheme is based on nonlinear interaction of the most unstable beam-driven potential plasma wave with its satellite arising due to scattering on the longitudinal modulation of plasma density. Resulting superluminal oscillations of electric current in a finite-size plasma channel radiate electromagnetic waves via the same mechanism which has been recently studied for the fundamental harmonic emission and reffered as a beam-driven plasma antenna.

Generation of electromagnetic radiation near the second harmonic of the plasma frequency during the injection of an electron beam into a rippled-density plasma channel is investigated using both analytical theory and particle-in-cell simulations.

It is shown that theoretical predictions for the optimal plasma width and modulation period are confirmed by simulation results and the power conversion efficiency of the second harmonic emission reaches several percent. Such an efficient mechanism opens the path to explanation of laboratory experiments with a thin electron beam at the GOL-3 mirror trap as well as to developing the scheme of terahertz generation at the gigawatt power level.
using a sample of 471x10^6 Upsilon(4S)->BBbar events recorded with the BaBar detector at the PEP-II e+e- collider

B mesons are reconstructed by combining a dilepton pair, either e+e- or mu+mu-, with 10 different Xs final states containing exactly one charged or neutral kaon, two or fewer charged pions, and at most one pi0. Using a sum over these exclusive modes as the basis for extrapolation to the fully inclusive rate

we measure a lepton-flavor-averaged inclusive branching fraction BF(B->Xsl+l-) = (6.73 +0.70-0.64[stat] +0.34-0.25[exp syst] +/- 0.50[model syst])x10^-6 for m(l+l-)^2>0.1 GeV^2/c^4. Restricting our analysis exclusively to final states from which a decaying B meson's flavor can be inferred, we additionally report measurements of the direct CP asymmetry ACP in bins of dilepton mass; over the full dilepton mass range, we find ACP=0.04 +/- 0.11 +/- 0.01$ for a lepton-flavor-averaged sample
The paper presents one-dimensional problems of dusty gas dynamics on plane acoustic wave propagation. In the fist problem the dusty gas is considered as polydisperse medium with a zero-volume dust fraction. In the second problem the dusty gas is a monodisperse medium with particles that occupy finite volume.

For both problems, dispersion relations are obtained. Then a limiting case when a velocity relaxation time between particles and gas tends to zero is considered. This case corresponds to mixtures with fine dust when intense interaction between phases takes place. For this limiting case expressions for the phase velocity are derived.

Moreover, we present formulas for generating particular solutions of corresponding linearized problems. These solutions are intended to be used as a standard in the study of asymptotic, dispersive and dissipative properties of numerical methods. Program codes for generating such solutions are published and available for download.
We propose a novel effective framework for analysis of the shared genetic background for a set of genetically correlated traits using SNP-level GWAS summary statistics. This framework called SHAHER is based on the construction of a linear combination of traits by maximizing the proportion of its genetic variance explained by the shared genetic factors. SHAHER requires only full GWAS summary statistics and matrices of genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits as inputs. Our framework allows both shared and unshared genetic factors to be to effectively analyzed. We tested our framework using simulation studies, compared it with previous developments, and assessed its performance using three real datasets: anthropometric traits, psychiatric conditions and lipid concentrations. SHAHER is versatile and applicable to summary statistics from GWASs with arbitrary sample sizes and sample overlaps, allows incorporation of different GWAS models (Cox, linear and logistic) and is computationally fast.
The free-living marine flatworm Macrostomum lignano is a powerful model organism to study mechanisms of regeneration and stem cell regulation due to its convenient combination of biological and experimental properties, including the availability of transgenesis methods, which is unique among flatworm models. However, due to its relatively recent introduction in research, there are still many biological aspects of the animal that are not known. One of such questions is the influence of the culturing temperature on Macrostomum biology.

Here we systematically investigated how different culturing temperatures affect the development time, reproduction rate, regeneration, heat shock response, and gene knockdown efficiency by RNA interference in M. lignano. We used marker transgenic lines of the flatworm to accurately measure the regeneration endpoint and to establish the stress response threshold for temperature shock.

We found that compared to the culturing temperature of 20°C commonly used for M. lignano , elevated temperatures of 25°C-30°C substantially speed-up the development and regeneration time and increase reproduction rate without detectable negative consequences for the animal, while temperatures above 30°C elicit a heat shock response. We show that altering the temperature conditions can be used to shorten the time required to establish M. lignano cultures, store important lines and optimize the microinjection procedures for transgenesis. Our findings will help to optimize the design of experiments in M. lignano and thus facilitate future research in this model organism.
Disordered molecular solids present a rather broad class of substances of different origin—amorphous polymers, materials for photonics and optoelectronics, amorphous pharmaceutics, simple molecular glass formers, and others. Frozen biological media in many respects also may be referred to this class. Theoretical description of dynamics and structure of disordered solids still does not exist, and only some phenomenological models can be developed to explain results of particular experiments. Among different experimental approaches, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) applied to spin probes and labels also can deliver useful information. EPR allows probing small-angle orientational molecular motions (molecular librations), which intrinsically are inherent to all molecular solids. EPR is employed in its conventional continuous wave (CW) and pulsed—electron spin echo (ESE)—versions. CW EPR spectra are sensitive to dynamical librations of molecules while ESE probes stochastic molecular librations. In this review, different manifestations of small-angle motions in EPR of spin probes and labels are discussed. It is shown that CW-EPR-detected dynamical librations provide information on dynamical transition in these media, similar to that explored with neutron scattering, and ESE-detected stochastic librations allow elucidating some features of nanoscale molecular packing. The possible EPR applications are analyzed for gel-phase lipid bilayers, for biological membranes interacting with proteins, peptides and cryoprotectants, for supercooled ionic liquids (ILs) and supercooled deep eutectic solvents (DESs), for globular proteins and intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), and for some other molecular solids.
Nanosecond laser microstructuring of copper surfaces was performed in this work. The contact angle value immediately after laser treatment decreased sharply and all samples were hydrophilic or superhydrophilic. Hydrophobization of the textured samples occurs as a result of environmental exposure over time. Oxidation and adsorption of carbon and its compounds from the atmosphere leads to a change in the wettability of the irradiated surfaces. The acceleration of hydrophobization process with decrease of fluence was found. It is shown that the stable contact angle, reached after one month, does not depend on the value of the fluence and is about 140°.
Krebs-2 tumor-initiating stem cells (TISCs) are naturally capable of internalizing fragments of extracellular double-stranded DNA (dsDNA); upon delivery into TISCs, these dsDNA fragments interfere with the on-going DNA repair process so that TISCs either die or lose their tumorigenic potential.

The following 3-step regimen of therapeutic procedures: Firstly, three timed injections of cyclophosphamide (CP) exactly matching the interstrand cross-link (ICL) repair phases that lead to synchronization of ascites cells in late S/G2/M. Secondly, additional treatment of ascites 18 hours post each CP injection with a composite dsDNA-based preparation interfering with the NER and HR repair pathways. Thirdly, final treatment of mice with a combination of CP and dsDNA injections as ascites cells undergo apoptotic destruction.

This regimen assures that no viable cells, particularly Krebs-2 TISCs, remain, leading to eradication of Krebs-2 ascites.
The cation radicals formed when methionine and N-acetylmethionine quench the photo-excited triplet state of 4-carboxybenzophenone in aqueous solution are characterized by their g-factors and hyperfine coupling constants.

The study is based on the analysis of the dynamic nuclear polarization generated in the spin-selective decay of the transient radicals and its dependence on the external magnetic field. The requirements and scope of this method are discussed.

It is shown that the radicals exist as either cyclic or linear structures depending on the amino acid and the pH of the medium.
The variety of the ATLAS Distributed Computing infrastructure requires a central information system to define the topology of computing resources and to store different parameters and configuration data which are needed by various ATLAS software components. The ATLAS Grid Information System (AGIS) is the system designed to integrate configuration and status information about resources, services and topology of the computing infrastructure used by ATLAS Distributed Computing applications and services.

Being an intermediate middleware system between clients and external information sources (like central BDII, GOCDB, MyOSG), AGIS defines the relations between experiment specific used resources and physical distributed computing capabilities. Being in production during LHC Runl AGIS became the central information system for Distributed Computing in ATLAS and it is continuously evolving to fulfil new user requests, enable enhanced operations and follow the extension of the ATLAS Computing model.

The ATLAS Computing model and data structures used by Distributed Computing applications and services are continuously evolving and trend to fit newer requirements from ADC community. In this note, we describe the evolution and the recent developments of AGIS functionalities, related to integration of new technologies recently become widely used in ATLAS Computing, like flexible computing utilization of opportunistic Cloud and HPC resources, ObjectStore services integration for Distributed Data Management (Rucio) and ATLAS workload management (PanDA) systems, unified storage protocols declaration required for PandDA Pilot site movers and others. The improvements of information model and general updates are also shown, in particular we explain how other collaborations outside ATLAS could benefit the system as a computing resources information catalogue. AGIS is evolving towards a common information system, not coupled to a specific experiment.
Chemical reactions products structural investigations during thermal and radiation- thermal processes are presented. The reaction mixtures were prepared by mechanical activation of stoichiometric compounds corresponding to synthesis reaction of strontium ferrite with perovskite structure (SrFeO3-s) or ferro-garnet (Y3Fe5O12). The phase formation staging changes dramatically depending on the temperature and the way of the high-temperature treatment.
Los estratos basales del Piso cámbrico 2 del Olenek Uplift albergan diversos conjuntos de fósiles macroscópicos, que se asemejan mucho a ciertos pequeños taxones esqueléticos documentados en esta sección y típicos del Terranoviense.

En este caso, la asociación macroscópica estudiada incluye moluscos helcionélidos, estenotécidos y kharkhánidos, así como hiolitos de tipo anabarítido y circotécidos. Entre ellos, sólo los anabarítidos y algunos hiolitos circotécidos muestran restos de concha calcítica, mientras que la mayoría de los fósiles carecen de exoesqueleto rígido biomineralizado.

Por tanto, al menos estos organismos cámbricos problemáticos habrían alcanzado tamaños macroscópicos (de hasta 35 mm de largo) y estaban cubiertos con conchas calcíticas al principio del Pisp cámbrico 2.
Both Disrupted-In-Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) and dopamine receptors D2R have significant contributions to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Our previous study demonstrated that DISC1 binds to D2R and such protein-protein interaction is enhanced in patients with schizophrenia and Disc1-L100P mouse model of schizophrenia (Su et al., 2014). By uncoupling DISC1xD2R interaction (TAT-D2pep), the synthesized TAT-peptide elicited antipsychotic-like effects in pharmacological and genetic animal models, without motor side effects as tardive dyskinesia commonly seen with typical antipsychotic drugs (APD), indicating that the potential of TAT-D2pep of becoming a new APD.

Therefore, in the current study, we further explored the APD-associated capacities of TAT-D2pep. We found that TAT-D2pep corrected the disrupted latent inhibition, as a hallmark of schizophrenia associated endophenotype, in Disc1-L100P mutant mice - a genetic model of schizophrenia, supporting further APD' capacity of TAT-D2pep. Moreover, we found that TAT-D2pep elicited nootropic effects in C57BL/6NCrl inbred mice, suggesting that TAT-D2pep acts as a cognitive enhancer, a desirable feature of APDs of the new generation. Namely, TAT-D2pep improved working memory in T-maze, and cognitive flexibility assessed by the latent inhibition paradigm, in C57BL/6N mice. Next, we assessed the impact of TAT-D2pep on hippocampal long-term plasticity (LTP) under basal conditions and upon stimulation of D2 receptors using quinpirole. We found comparable effects of TAT-D2pep and its control TAT-D2pep-scrambled peptide (TAT-D2pep-sc) under basal conditions. However, under stimulation of D2R by quinpirole, LTP was enhanced in hippocampal slices incubated with TAT-D2pep, supporting the notion that TAT-D2pep acts in a dopamine-dependent manner and acts as synaptic enhancer.

Overall, our experiments demonstrated implication of DISC1xD2R protein-protein interactions into mechanisms of cognitive and synaptic plasticity, which help to further understand molecular-cellular mechanisms of APD of the next generation.
For the first time a detailed analysis of the equilibrium-non-equilibrium state of ground waters of hydrocarbon occurrences in Arctic areas of the West Siberian megabasin

based on physico-chemical modeling of equilibria in the «water-rock»

revealed hydrogeochemical and thermodynamic conditions for the formation of authigenic minerals. For the first time equilibrated compositions of groundwaters and parameters of geochemical environment were identified, being a prerequisite for the mineral neoformations.