Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
We have carried out a tomographic inversion for seismic velocity in the vicinity of Uturuncu volcano (Bolivia) based on a 33-station temporary seismic network deployment. We combine travel times from earthquakes in the shallow crust with those from earthquakes on the subducting Nazca plate to broadly constrain velocities throughout the crust using the LOTOS tomography algorithm. The reliability and resolution of the tomography is verified using a series of tests on real and synthetic data. The resulting three-dimensional distributions of Vp, Vs, and Vp/Vs reveal a large tooth-shaped anomaly rooted in the deep crust and stopping abruptly 6 km below the surface. This feature exhibits very high values of Vp/Vs (up to 2.0) extending to ∼80 km depth. To explain the relationship of this anomaly with the surface uplift observed in interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data, we propose two scenarios. In the first, the feature is a pathway for liquid volatiles that convert to gas, due to decompression, at ∼6 km depth, causing a volume increase. This expansion drives seismicity in the overlying crust. In the second model, this anomaly is a buoyant pulse of magma within the batholith, ascending due to gravitational instability. We propose a simplified numerical simulation to demonstrate how this second model generally supports many of the observations. We conclude that both of these scenarios might be valid and complement each other for the Uturuncu case. Based on joint analysis of the tomography results and available geochemical and petrological information, we have constructed a model of the Uturuncu magma system that illustrates the main stages of phase transitions and melting.
Pulsed electric current can be used for the fast sintering of powders as well as joining of macroobjects.

In this work, we brazed copper plates using a silver layer that was formed in situ by the decomposition of a silver oxalate Ag2C2O4 powder placed between the plates. Joining was conducted in the chamber of a Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) facility with and without a graphite die. In the die-assisted tooling configuration, indirect heating of the assembly from the graphite die carrying electric current occurred until the brazing layer transformed into metallic silver. The passage of electric current through a Cu/Ag2C2O4/Cu stack placed between the electrodes without a die was possible because of the formation of Cu/Cu contacts in the areas free from the Ag2C2O4 particles.

Joints that were formed in the die-assisted experiments showed a slightly higher shear strength (45 MPa) in comparison with joints formed without a die (41 MPa). The shear strength of the reference sample (obtained without a die), a stack of copper plates joined without any brazing layer, was only 31 MPa, which indicates a key role of the silver in producing strong bonding between the plates. This study shows that both die-assisted tooling configurations and those without a die can be used for the SPS brazing of materials by the oxalate-derived silver interlayer.
Long-read sequencing technologies have opened up new avenues of research on the mosquito genome biology, enabling scientists to better understand the remarkable abilities of vectors for transmitting pathogens. Although new genome mapping technologies such as Hi-C scaffolding and optical mapping may significantly improve the quality of genomes, only cytogenetic mapping, with the help of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), connects genomic scaffolds to a particular chromosome and chromosome band. This mapping approach is important for creating and validating chromosome-scale genome assemblies for mosquitoes with repeat-rich genomes, which can potentially be misassembled.

In this study, we describe a new gene-based physical mapping approach that was optimized using the newly assembled Aedes albopictus genome, which is enriched with transposable elements. To avoid amplification of the repetitive DNA, 15 protein-coding gene transcripts were used for the probe design. Instead of using genomic DNA, complementary DNA was utilized as a template for development of the PCR-amplified probes for FISH.

All probes were successfully amplified and mapped to specific chromosome bands. The genome-unique probes allowed to perform unambiguous mapping of genomic scaffolds to chromosome regions. The method described in detail here can be used for physical genome mapping in other insects.
The work is devoted to the experimental study of the regularities of laminar-turbulent transition in supersonic boundary layers. The experiments were carried out in the low-noise supersonic wind tunnel T-325 of ITAM SB RAS. The measurements were made by a constant-temperature hot-wire anemometer in the scanning mode. The procedure of decomposition of the fluctuations of the boundary layer into temperature and mass flux disturbances was carried out. The level of pulsations in the free flow of the test section of the T-325 wind tunnel was determined. The laminar-turbulent transition of two-dimensional supersonic boundary layer was experimentally investigated at Mach number M = 2 and 2.5. The levels of total temperature and mass flow pulsations were measured. It was found that at the laminar-turbulent transition process the ratio of the mass flow and total temperature pulsations remains almost constant.
The control action of the jet and the near-wall energy sources on the shock wave structure of supersonic flow in a channel to create a transonic region is studied. The stable mode of flow with the region characterized by transonic velocities arises. The results of calculations for flat and axisymmetric model are presented. Two formulations of the problem are considered. The first of them is based on the unsteady Euler equations and pulse-periodic energy sources, and the second one is based on the unsteady Navier-Stokes equations closed by k-ω SST turbulence model. The combustion of hydrogen, which is supplied from the holes in the channel walls is considered.
This paper is devoted to investigation of the contact angle hysteresis on various surfaces.

It was carried out by two different methods: measuring the advancing and the receding contact angles and measuring the contact angles at water droplet evaporation under isothermal conditions. Data obtained using two methods have been compared.

The influence of the contact angle hysteresis on the mode of the drop evaporation has been shown.
Investigations of frequency combs in χ(3) optical microresonators are burgeoning nowadays. Changeover to χ(2) resonators promises further advances and brings new challenges.

Here, the comb generation entails not only coupled first and second harmonics (FHs and SHs) and two dispersion coefficients but also a substantial difference in the group velocities - the temporal walk-off.

We predict walk-off controlled highly stable comb generation, which is drastically different from that known in the χ(3) case. This includes the general notion of antiperiodic states; formation of localized coherent antiperiodic steady states (solitons), where the FH and SH envelopes move with a common velocity without shape changes; characterization of a new vast family of antiperiodic solitons; and the dependence of comb spectra on the pump power and the group velocity difference.
We have developed the high-performance software and algorithmic software for solving the direct and inverse problems of modeling and inversion of spatially distributed magnetic, taking into account the relief.

We show the results of solving the inverse problem of magnetic survey taking into account the relief for synthetic noisy data.
By numerical simulations with the semi-empirical model of detonation of bidisperse suspensions of microsized aluminum particles in channels were studied. The influence of the particle size on the detonation regimes and is analyzed. Analysis of fields of maximum pressure to describe changes of the flow fields were done. Restructuring of the flow field occurred within the saturation parameter near 40 – 50%. In bidisperse mixture of comparable size particles change of the flow fields didn`t occur.
The karyotype structure and chromosomal polymorphism were studied in several European (European part of Russia and the Netherlands) and Asian (Siberia and Kazakhstan) populations of Chironomus luridus Strenzke, 1959. Inversion polymorphism was detected in six of the seven chromosome arms: three banding sequences detected in arm A, six sequences in arm B, two sequences in arm C, three sequences in arm E, five sequences in arm F, and two sequences in arm G. Only arm D was monomorphic in all studied populations.

In total, 22 banding sequences were recorded in Ch. luridus; they form the banding sequence pool of this species. Thus, Ch. luridus can be regarded as a very polymorphic species. However, the European and Asian populations differed considerably in the levels of polymorphism: the Asian populations were less polymorphic, containing only 8 to 10 sequences, whereas the European populations had 11 to 16 sequences. The new banding sequences lurA3, lurB5, lurE3 were found in Asian populations, whereas the sequences lurB2, lurB3, lurB4, lurB6, lurE2, lurF1, lurF2a, lurF3, lurF4, and lurG2 аre lacked. The total level of inversion heterozygosity in the Asian populations was 12-25% versus 78-80% in the European populations.
In eukaryotes, heterochromatin replicates late in S phase of the cell cycle and contains specific covalent modifications of histones. SuUR mutation found in Drosophila makes heterochromatin replicate earlier than in wild type and reduces the level of repressive histone modifications. SUUR protein was shown to be associated with moving replication forks, apparently through the interaction with PCNA. The biological process underlying the effects of SUUR on replication and composition of heterochromatin remains unknown. Here we performed a functional dissection of SUUR protein effects on H3K27me3 level. Using hidden Markow model-based algorithm we revealed SuUR-sensitive chromosomal regions that demonstrated unusual characteristics: They do not contain Polycomb and require SUUR function to sustain H3K27me3 level. We tested the role of SUUR protein in the mechanisms that could affect H3K27me3 histone levels in these regions. We found that SUUR does not affect the initial H3K27me3 pattern formation in embryogenesis or Polycomb distribution in the chromosomes. We also ruled out the possible effect of SUUR on histone genes expression and its involvement in DSB repair. Obtained results support the idea that SUUR protein contributes to the heterochromatin maintenance during the chromosome replication. A model that explains major SUUR-associated phenotypes is proposed.
Features of the formation of supersonic underexpanded jets in condensation, as well as measurements in such jets by electron-beam and molecular-beam methods are considered. It is shown that the clusters in the flow can change both the geometry and the structure of the supersonic jets. It is determined that the readings of the mass analyzer used as a detector of a narrowly directed molecular beam depend to a large extent on the size of the clusters and the value of the detector’s solid angle. The examples which compare the traditional method of mass spectrometry with ionization and a new method ionization by high-voltage electron beam with the subsequent transport of ions to the mass spectrometer detector with its own turned-off ionization block illustrate changes in the detected clusters.
The energy response of the ATLAS calorimeter is measured for single charged pions with transverse momentum in the range $10
Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common gastrointestinal causes for hospitalization after acute appendicitis. Despite recent advances in the treatment methods, mortality from acute pancreatitis and its complications remains high. Hypertriglyceridemia is an underestimated cause of acute pancreatitis, accounting for 10% among other etiological factors. Timely diagnosis of hypertriglyceridemia, a personalized approach, and the selection of adequate lipid-lowering therapy allow reducing the risk of developing and/or preventing recurrent acute pancreatitis. The article presents the clinical case of a patient with recurrent pancreatitis and hypertriglyceridemia. Despite high levels of triglycerides and annual hospitalizations for recurrent pancreatitis, the patient has not received optimal treatment for a long time. Therefore, lipid-modifying therapy has not been prescribed and none dietary recommendations have been suggested, including the exclusion of alcoholic beverages. Structural changes in the pancreas (the formation of pseudocysts) and the progression of pancreatogenic diabetes have developed.
The global goal of the world community is the transition to a “green” economy, characterized by rational use of electricity, reduction of harmful emissions, and consumption of renewable energy sources.

The purpose of the research was to study the convergence of capacity emissions in developing countries to European countries’ level.

According to the results, countries striving for a lower emission intensity level to varying degrees. In non-OECD European countries, per capita income growth leads to a 0.26% reduction in emissions intensity. This fact means that economic growth creates additional resources that can be used to develop energy-efficient technologies. In the post-Soviet space and the Asia-Pacific region, a significant effect on reducing emission intensity is provided by environmental policy’s effectiveness to minimize carbon dioxide emissions.
Composites comprising MoVTeNbO mixed oxide and zirconia-pillared montmorillonite clays (PilCs) were prepared.

XRD and TEM with EDX studies confirmed the preservation of M1 MoVTeNbO phase in these composites responsible for high activity and selectivity in ethane oxidative dehydrogenation into ethylene.

For composites with PilC content of 10 wt%, the best ethylene yield exceeding that of bulk MoVTeNbO oxide was demonstrated for clays with zirconia pillars doped with Ce and Al possessing the highest specific surface area. This is explained by optimized chemical interaction of these clays with MoVTeNbO mixed oxide improving its bulk oxygen mobility and reactivity by structure disordering while blocking surface sites responsible for combustion due to the stabilization of the reactive terminal oxygen species.
An experimental approach for the production of catalyst-free hyperpolarised ethanol solution in water via heterogeneous hydrogenation of vinyl acetate with parahydrogen and the subsequent hydrolysis of ethyl acetate was demonstrated.

For an efficient hydrogenation, liquid vinyl acetate was transferred to the gas phase by parahydrogen bubbling and almost completely converted to ethyl acetate with Rh/TiO 2 catalyst. Subsequent dissolution of ethyl acetate gas in water containing OH − ions led to the formation of catalyst- and organic solvent-free hyperpolarised ethanol and sodium acetate.

These results represent the first demonstration of catalyst- and organic solvent-free hyperpolarised ethanol production achieved by heterogeneous hydrogenation of vinyl acetate vapour with parahydrogen and the subsequent ethyl acetate hydrolysis.
Plasma devices with cylindrical and plane geometries generating the nonthermal atmospheric plasma jets are used for the treatment of the cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. It is shown in the simulations and experiment that the grounded substrate placed under the bio target essentially increases the plasma treatment efficiency. Nevertheless the temperature control is needed to avoid the burns in a spot of contact of plasma jet with the mice skin. The measured and calculated local temperature increase with different regimes of plasma device operation is presented. The MTT and iCELLigence assays of the viability of cancer cells in vitro show the efficiency of plasma jet treatment and mice models in vivo demonstrate the safety regime for cold atmospheric pressure plasma irradiation.
To reveal the equilibrium state of oil and gas and water in a petroliferous basin with a high content of saline water, calculations of water-gas equilibrium were carried out, using a new simulation method, for the Arctic territories of the West Siberian oil and gas bearing province. The water-bearing layers in this area vary widely in gas saturation and have gas saturation coefficients (Cs) from 0.2 to 1.0. The gas saturation coefficient increases with depth and total gas saturation of the formation water. All the water layers with gas saturation bigger than 1.8 L/L have the critical gas saturation coefficient value of 1.0, which creates favorable conditions for the accumulation of hydrocarbons; and unsaturated formation water can dissolve gas in the existent pool. The gas saturation coefficient of formation water is related to the type of fluid in the reservoir. Condensate gas fields have gas saturation coefficients from 0.8 to 1.0, while oil reservoirs have lower gas saturation coefficient. Complex gas-water exchange patterns indicate that gas in the Jurassic–Cretaceous reservoirs of the study area is complex in origin.
We investigate the early-time light curves of a large sample of 223 Type II supernovae (SNe II) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the Supernova Legacy Survey. Having a cadence of a few days and sufficient non-detections prior to explosion, we constrain rise-times, i.e. the durations from estimated first to maximum light, as a function of effective wavelength. At rest-frame g′ band (λeff = 4722 Å), we find a distribution of fast rise-times with median of (7.5 ± 0.3) d. Comparing these durations with analytical shock models of Rabinak & Waxman and Nakar & Sari, and hydrodynamical models of Tominaga et al., which are mostly sensitive to progenitor radius at these epochs, we find a median characteristic radius of less than 400 solar radii. The inferred radii are on average much smaller than the radii obtained for observed red supergiants (RSG). Investigating the post-maximum slopes as a function of effective wavelength in the light of theoretical models, we find that massive hydrogen envelopes are still needed to explain the plateaus of SNe II. We therefore argue that the SN II rise-times we observe are either (a) the shock cooling resulting from the core collapse of RSG with small and dense envelopes, or (b) the delayed and prolonged shock breakout of the collapse of an RSG with an extended atmosphere or embedded within pre-SN circumstellar material.
The article considers the structure, characteristics and gold content of the "Ojerelie" deposit according to the data of geological reports, published articles, fund materials and internal documents, which allowed to summarize and briefly present the geological structure of this area.
Although much is known about interactions between bacterial endosymbionts and their hosts, little is known concerning the host factors that influence endosymbiont titer. Wolbachia endosymbionts are globally dispersed throughout most insect species and are the causative agent in filarial nematode-mediated disease. Our investigation indicates that gurken (grk), a host gene encoding a crucial axis determinant, has a cumulative, dosage-sensitive impact on Wolbachia growth and proliferation during Drosophila oogenesis. This effect appears to be mediated by grk mRNA and its protein-binding partners Squid and Hrp48/Hrb27C, implicating the grk mRNA–protein (mRNP) complex as a rate-limiting host factor controlling Wolbachia titer. Furthermore, highly infected flies exhibit defects that match those occurring with disruption of grk mRNPs, such as nurse cell chromatin disruptions and malformation of chorionic appendages. These findings suggest a feedback loop in which Wolbachia interaction with the grk mRNP affects both Wolbachia titer and grk mRNP function.
The need for modeling is due to the inability to study highly disordered peptides by traditional methods (high-field NMR, X-ray). At the same time, the appearance of such peptides, where L-amino acids are partially replaced by D-analogs is one of the main causes of Alzheimer’s disease.

The review presents examples of the use diastereomers with L-/D-tryptophan in model process—photoinduced electron transfer (ET) for studying differences in reactivity and structure of systems with L- and D-optical isomers. The combined application of spin effects, including those calculated using the original theory, fluorescence techniques and molecular modeling

has demonstrated a real difference in the structure and efficiency of ET in diastereomers with L-/D-tryptophan residues. In addition, the review compared the factors governing chiral inversion in model metallopeptides and Aβ42 amyloid.
Aim.To assess the significance of symmetrical dimethylarginine (SDMA), uromodulin, retinol-binding protein 4 (RSB-4), transforming growth factorb1 (TGF-b1), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) as kidney dysfunction potential biomarkers persons with hypertension in persons 2545 years old. Materials and methods.The study included 147 people. Hypertension was recorded with blood pressure (BP)140/90 mm Hg, renal dysfunction with GFRCKD-EPI90 ml/min/1.73 cm2. Four groups were formed: 1 individuals with hypertension and GFR90 ml/min/1.73 cm2; 2 with hypertension and GFR90 ml/min/1.73 cm2; 3 with BP140/90 mm Hg and GFR90 ml/min/1.73 cm2; 4 with BP140/90 mm Hg and GFR90 ml/min/1.73 cm2. The groups were comparable by gender, age, and number of respondents. Creatinine, SDMA, uromodulin, RSB-4, TGF-b1, PAI-1 levels were examined in all individuals in the serum. Results.The maximum values of SDMA were determined in the 1st and 3rd groups (1.30 and 1.36 mol/l). In the 1st group, an association was found between SDMA and GFR (r=-0.324;p=0.048). In the 1st group, the minimum values of uromodulin were recorded, in the 4th group the maximum values (164.86 and 188.90 ng/ml; at the same timeр=0.921). The level of RSB-4 was the highest in the 1st group, the lowest in the 4th group (88.64 and 80.05 g/ml;p=0.011). The association of RSB-4 with SDMA in the 3rd group (r=0.400;p=0.017), the 4th group (r=0.403;p=0.018) was detected. The level of TGF-b1 was 1.5 times higher in the 1st group than in the 3rd (23.16 and 15.99 g/ml;p=0.026), the association of TGF-b1 with GFR in the 1st group had the opposite direction (r=-0.452;p=0.005). The study of similar indicators of PAI-1 did not reveal its relationship with renal dysfunction in hypertension. Conclusion.The results of the study made it possible to consider SDMA, RSB-4, TGF-b1 as potential biomarkers of renal dysfunction in hypertension in persons 2545 years old.