Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) structures based on thin GeO[SiO2] and GeO[SiO] films on Si substrates were fabricated with indium-tin-oxide as a top electrode. The samples were divided it two series: one was left as deposited, while the second portion of MIS structures was annealed at 500 °C in argon for 20 min.

The structural properties of as-deposited and annealed non-stoichiometric germanosilicate (GeSixOy) films were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron microscopy, Raman and infrared absorption spectroscopy, spectral ellipsometry, and transmittance and reflectance spectroscopy.

It was found that the as-deposited GeO[SiO] film contained amorphous Ge clusters. Annealing led to the formation of amorphous Ge nanoclusters in the GeO[SiO2] film and an increase of amorphous Ge volume in the GeO[SiO] film. Switching from a high resistance state (HRS OFF) to a low resistance state (LRS ON) and vice versa was detected in the as-deposited and annealed MIS structures. The endurance studies showed that slight degradation of the memory window occurred, mainly caused by the decrease of the ON state current. Notably, intermediate resistance states were observed in almost all MIS structures, in addition to the HRS and LRS states. This property can be used for the simulation of neuromorphic devices and related applications in data science.
The process e(+)e(-)-->mu(+)mu(-) has been studied by the SND detector at the VEPP-2M e(+)e(-) collider in the phi(1020)-resonance energy region. The measured effective phi meson leptonic branching ratio B(phi-->l(+)l(-)) identical with square root of B(phi-->e(+)e(-))B(phi-->mu(+)mu(-))] = (2.89 +/- 0.10 +/- 0.06) x 10(-4) agrees well with the Particle Data Group value B(phi-->e(+)e(-)) = (2.91 +/- 0.07) x 10(-4), confirming mu-e universality. Without additional assumption of mu-e universality the branching ratio B(phi-->mu(+)mu(-)) = (2.87 +/- 0.20 +/- 0.14) x 10(-4) was obtained.
In this work, thin films of tetrafluorosubstituted zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPcF 4 ) were deposited by organic molecular beam deposition and studied to reveal the effects of F-substituents on the ZnPcF 4 single crystals and thin films structure.A combination of spectral ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy and diffraction techniques has been used to elucidate the structural features and molecular orientation of thin films of ZnPcF 4 .Structural features of the films grown by coevaporation of ZnPc and ZnPcF 4 (1:1) were also considered.Both ZnPcF 4 and ZnPc/ZnPcF 4 films have a preferred orientation along (001) plane with inclination angle of molecules relative to the substrate surface equal to 80° and the lower degree of crystallinity compared to the ZnPc film.
The weak shock waves impact on the flow in the boundary layer of the sweep flat plate at Mach number 2 is studied experimentally. The model was installed at a zero angle of attack.

Shock waves in the oncoming flow were generated by a two-dimensional roughness on the side wall of the wind tunnel test section. The data were obtained with a two-dimensional roughness on the wall of the wind tunnel and with a smooth wall at sweep angles (35 and 40 degrees) of the leading edge of the flat blunt plate. The measurements were carried out with a constant temperature anemometer.
A new method was developed for statistical analysis of ensembles of instantaneous velocity fields measured by PIV in liquid (continuous phase) to determine the distribution of the vapor phase in cavitating flow.

The method is based on two main principles: the absence of tracers used for PIV measurements in vapor, and the statistical independence of individual measurements. This allowed establishing an exponential dependence of repeatability of the vapor phase at a certain point of a cavitating flow. Compliance with this theoretical law was verified using the Pearson chi-square test. All theoretical distributions were divided into several groups depending on the time-averaged local vapor content calculated over the entire ensemble of realizations and the probability of a single event.

As a result, dimensions of the stationary part of an attached cavity and the place of detachments of cloud cavities from the hydrofoil surface were determined using the new method of statistical analysis for an unsteady cloud cavitation regime.
The promise of СuO-CeO2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts for partial oxidation of dimethyl ether (DME) to hydrogen-rich gas for fuel cell feeding was demonstrated. The catalysts provided complete conversion of DME to hydrogen-rich gas with low (≤ 0,8 vol.%) CH4 content and Н2 productivity ~3,1 l/(gcat · h) at 350 °C under ambient pressure using a reaction mixture (molar ratio): DME : O2 : N2 = 1 : 1 : 4 (DME : air = 1 : 5) at a flow rate 7 l/(gcat · h).
In this study, the influence of the accelerated argon cluster ion beam on the topography of stainless steel and optical glass surfaces has been investigated. The possibility of smoothing the material's surface to the sub-nanometer level of roughness is shown. The dose dependencies of the root-mean-square roughness and power spectral density function are obtained. It is demonstrated that by the cluster ion treatment the effective roughness decreases at different ranges of spatial frequencies. Anisotropic structure of the treated material effects on the obtained surface roughness.
Unitarity corrections to several electromagnetic processes in collisions of relativistic heavy nuclei are considered. They are due to the unitarity requirement for the S-matrix and correspond to the exchange of light-by-light scattering block between colliding nuclei. We obtain improved results for the corrections to e+e- and mu+mu- pair production, as well as new results for unitarity corrections to the production of photons via virtual Compton and virtual Delbruck scattering. These corrections can be numerically large; e.g., the mu+mu- pair production cross section is reduced by about 50% and the nuclear bremsstrahlung by about 15 to 20%.
Our result contains as special cases the Frobenius theorem (1895) on the number of solutions to the equation x n = 1 in a group, the Solomon theorem (1969) on the number of solutions in a group to a system of equations having fewer equations than unknowns, and the Iwasaki theorem (1985) on roots of subgroups.There are other curious corollaries on groups and rings.
The simulation of air injection into a liquid (water, liquid lead) at large pressure drops (ΔP = 160 × 105 Pa) has been carried out. A significant difference in the formation of the air volume during injection into water and liquid lead is demonstrated. The shape of the resulting air volume formed during injection into liquid lead is shown to depend on the nozzle diameter. It is established that the presence of interfacial heat transfer at short times does not affect the dynamics of the air jet outflow.
The open-source code ADDA is based on the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) – a numerically exact method derived from the frequency-domain volume-integral Maxwell equation. It can simulate interaction of electromagnetic fields (scattering and absorption) with finite 3D objects of arbitrary shape and composition. Besides standard sequential execution on CPU or GPU, ADDA can run on a multiprocessor distributed-memory system, parallelizing a single DDA calculation. This together with almost linear scaling of computational complexity with number of dipoles (discretization voxels) allows large system sizes and/or fine discretization levels. ADDA is written in C99 and is highly portable. It provides full control over the scattering geometry (particle morphology and orientation, incident beam) and allows one to calculate a wide variety of integral and angle-resolved quantities, including those related to point-dipole excitation. Moreover, ADDA can rigorously and efficiently account for plane homogeneous substrate near the particle, and employ rectangular-cuboid voxels. It also incorporates a range of state-of-the-art DDA improvements, increasing both the accuracy and computational speed of the method. At the conference we will describe the main features of current version of ADDA with special emphasis on nanoparticles and present several simulation examples.
We report preliminary results on the measurement of the cross section of the process e + e - → K + K - π + π - in the c.m. energy range from 1.5 GeV to 2 GeV. It is shown that the cross section is dominated by the contributions of several intermediate states K + K - ρ, K*Kπ, ϕπ + π - and K*K*.
This paper examines the effect of mechanical activation on the amorphization of starch having different types of crystalline structure (A-type corn starch; B-type potato starch; and C-type tapioca starch). Structural properties of the starches were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. Mechanical activation in a planetary ball mill reduces the degree of crystallinity in proportion to pretreatment duration. C-type tapioca starch was found to have the highest degree of crystallinity. Energy consumed to achieve complete amorphization of the starches having different types of crystalline structure was measured. The kinetic parameters of the process (the effective rate constants) were determined. The rate constant and the strongest decline in the crystallinity degree after mechanical activation change in the following series: C-type starch, A-type starch, and B-type starch.
Industrial applications use surfactants to control surface tension and wettability of surfaces.

Instead of studying prepared solutions, we focus on the movement of the contact line after adding the surfactant. We placed the pedant drop with surfactant to a sessile drop of pure water and filmed the spreading process to obtain friction coefficient of the contact line.

Our results confirmed that adding surfactants to sessile droplets drives the contact line movement. Small concentrations of LHS and SDBS as well as high concentrations of SDBS pin droplet and increase the hysteresis. Friction coefficient for cationic CTAB and zwitterionic LHS drops with the concentration increase. Anionic SDBS decreases contact angle, making the surface more hydrophilic and intensifying hysteresis.
A series of experiments was conducted to study the evaporation of single water droplets with volume of 80~150 μl on the polished stainless steel substrate in temperature range of the substrate surface of 25–80°C in 6 mm high mini-channel with gas flow and the Reynolds number of the gas flow within 0-2500.

The shadow method was the main method of measurement.

New data on the water drop evaporation depending on the temperature of gas were obtained. As a result of experiments the experimental dependences for evaporation were obtained, and the influence of the gas flow rate and temperature on the water drop evaporation was analyzed.
The influence of a stoichiometric amount of ionic liquids (IL) on the fluorination of phenols in various solvents has been studied.The fluorination of phenol, 1-naphthol and resorcinol was carried out using 1-chloromethyl-4-fluoro-1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bis(tetrafluoroborate) (F-TEDA-BF 4 , Selectfluor™) with the formation of 2-fluoro-, 4-fluorophenol, 2-fluoro-, 4-fluoronaphthol and 4-fluoro-, 4,6-difluoro-benzene-1,3-diol as the main products.The use of a stoichiometric amount of ionic liquid as an additive results in acceleration of the reactions.The effect is most significant at low temperatures.It has been found that solvent polarity has an essential effect on the difference in yields of fluoroproducts obtained in the presence of IL and without it.
Conceptually new methods of hydrate formation are proposed. The first one is based on the shock wave impact on a water-bubble medium. It is shown that the hydrate formation rate in this process is typically very high. A gas hydrate of carbon dioxide was produced. The process was experimentally studied using various initial conditions, as well as different external action magnitudes. The obtained experimental data are in good agreement with the proposed model. Other methods are based on the process of boiling liquefied gas in an enclosed volume of water (explosive boiling of a hydrating agent and the organization of cyclic boiling-condensation process). The key features of the methods are the high hydrate formation rate combined with a comparatively low power consumption leading to a great expected efficiency of the technologies based on them. The set of experiments was carried out. Gas hydrates of refrigerant R134a, carbon dioxide and propane were produced. The investigation of decomposition of a generated gas hydrate sample was made. The criteria of intensification of the hydrate formation process are formulated.
The article discusses legislative changes regarding new public easements, in particular public easements in relation to public lands and public easements for certain purposes. Their differences from public easements that existed earlier in accordance with the classical theory of limited property rights are discussed. The jurisprudence is analyzed in the framework of attracting forensic experts in cases of establishing public easements. Cases of attracting experts in litigation for land surveying are identified.
The work is devoted to substantiating the lithological interpretation of dielectric logging data in the Bazhenov Formation intervals, based on the frequency dispersion effect of bazhenites.

Mathematical modeling shows the high sensitivity of the relative amplitude-phase characteristics to the frequency-dependent electrophysical characteristics of carbonate-siliceous-clay deposits in a high-frequency range.

The results of the study indicate the fundamental possibility of dielectric logging data numerical inversion to highlight the main lithological types of the Bazhenov Formation rocks.
The global trend toward the reduction of human spermatogenic function observed in many countries, including Russia, raised the problem of extensive screening and monitoring of male fertility and elucidation of its genetic and ethnic mechanisms. Recently, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was developed as a powerful tool for genetic analysis of complex traits. We present here the first Russian WES study for identification of new genes associated with semen quality. The experimental 3 × 2 design of the WES study was based on the analysis of 157 samples including three ethnic groups—Slavs (59), Buryats ( n = 49), and Yakuts ( n = 49), and two different semen quality groups—pathozoospermia ( n = 95) and normospermia ( n = 62). Additionally, our WES study group was negative for complete AZF microdeletions of the Y-chromosome. The normospermia group included men with normal sperm parameters in accordance with the WHO-recommended reference limit. The pathozoospermia group included men with impaired semen quality, namely, with any combined parameters of sperm concentration &lt;15 × 10 6 /ml, and/or progressive motility &lt;32%, and/or normal morphology &lt;4%. The WES was performed for all 157 samples. Subsequent calling and filtering of variants were carried out according to the GATK Best Practices recommendations. On the genotyping stage, the samples were combined into four cohorts: three sets corresponded to three ethnic groups, and the fourth set contained all the 157 whole-exome samples. Association of the obtained polymorphisms with semen quality parameters was investigated using the χ2 test. To prioritize the obtained variants associated with pathozoospermia, their effects were determined using Ensembl Variant Effect Predictor. Moreover, polymorphisms located in genes expressed in the testis were revealed based on the genomic annotation. As a result, the nine potential SNP markers rs6971091, rs557806, rs610308, rs556052, rs1289658, rs278981, rs1129172, rs12268007, and rs17228441 were selected for subsequent verification on our previously collected population sample (about 1,500 males). The selected variants located in seven genes FAM71F1 , PPP1R15A , TRIM45 , PRAME , RBM47 , WDFY4 , and FSIP2 that are expressed in the testis and play an important role in cell proliferation, meiosis, and apoptosis.
We consider a compact hyperbolic antiprism. It is a convex polyhedron with [Formula: see text] vertices in the hyperbolic space [Formula: see text].

This polyhedron has a symmetry group [Formula: see text] generated by a mirror-rotational symmetry of order [Formula: see text], i.e. rotation to the angle [Formula: see text] followed by a reflection. We establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such polyhedra in [Formula: see text]. Then we find relations between their dihedral angles and edge lengths in the form of a cosine rule.

Finally, we obtain exact integral formulas expressing the volume of a hyperbolic antiprism in terms of the edge lengths.
Using a dedicated data sample taken in 2018 on the J / ψ peak

we perform a detailed study of the trigger efficiencies of the BESIII detector. The efficiencies are determined from three representative physics processes, namely Bhabha scattering, dimuon production and generic hadronic events with charged particles

The combined efficiency of all active triggers approaches 100% in most cases, with uncertainties small enough not to affect most physics analyses
Gas or liquid flow control is one of the most important technical tasks in the oil and gas industry. The choice of a particular device most often occurs on the basis of the established practice of application in a particular company.

This paper presents the experience of Gazpromneft-Orenburg in the use of overhead and stationary flow meters of various types, including ultrasonic and restriction devices for measuring gas-lift gas in the Orenburg oil and gas condensate field.
A direct numerical simulation of the influence of a local energy release region on the development of the combustion propagation process in a high-speed flow of homogeneous fuel-air mixture (Н2 + air) is carried out.

The mathematical model of the energy source describes the physical phenomena characteristic for pulsed energy supply using laser radiation. The energy supply and ignition are modeled taking into account a given kinetic scheme.

The results on the spatial and temporal evolution of the ignition region are presented. The dependence of the position of the ignition region on the flow velocity is investigated.
We prove that a locally uniform limit of a sequence of homeomorphisms with finite k-distortion is also a mapping with finite k-distortion.

We obtain also an estimation for the distortion coefficient of the limit mapping.

We prove that a locally uniform limit of a sequence of homeomorphisms with finite k-distortion is also a mapping with finite k-distortion. We obtain also an estimation for the distortion coefficient of the limit mapping.
The first observation of the ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ decay is reported. The study is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions corresponding to $3.0\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of integrated luminosity collected with the LHCb detector.

The significance of the signal is 6.4 standard deviations. The branching fraction is measured to be $[3.31\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.64(\text{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.28(\text{syst})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.12(\text{norm})]\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$, where the third uncertainty comes from the ${B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ branching fraction that is used as a normalization. In addition, the charge asymmetries of ${B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ and ${B}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\phi}{K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$, which are control channels, are measured.

All results are consistent with theoretical expectations.
In this work, we apply an effective discrete phase front focusing method to control the coherent combining and temporal compression of laser pulses by means of nonlinear multicore fibers.

We numerically demonstrate the possibility of combining almost entirely the input optical pulses injected in all cores, into the central core of a hexagonal lattice multicore fiber. We investigate the optimal operational conditions for the most effective pulse combining and analyze the influence of a positive input pulse temporal chirp and spatial phase modulation.

We demonstrate that a pulse, which has been focused into an arbitrary core of the fiber, also undergoes temporal compression.
The ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{+}{K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decay is observed in a data sample corresponding to $3.0\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of $pp$ collision data recorded by the LHCb experiment during 2011 and 2012.

Angular distributions are exploited to search for quasi-two-body contributions from ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}_{2}^{*}(2460{)}^{0}{K}^{+}$ and ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{+}{K}^{*}(892{)}^{0}$ decays.

The signal significance is $8\ensuremath{\sigma}$ and the branching fraction is measured to be $\mathcal{B}({B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{+}{K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}})=(5.31\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.90\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.48\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.35)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic and due to the normalization mode ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{D}^{\ensuremath{-}}{K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$, respectively. The Dalitz plot appears to be dominated by broad structures. No significant signals are observed and upper limits are set on their branching fractions.
Some viral strains of the Paramyxoviridae family may be used as anti-tumor agents. Oncolytic paramyxoviruses include attenuated strains of the measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, and Sendai virus. These viral strains, and the Sendai virus in particular, can preferentially induce the death of malignant, rather than normal, cells. The death of cancer cells results from both direct killing by the virus and through virus-induced activation of anticancer immunity. Sialic-acid-containing glycoproteins that are overexpressed in cancer cells serve as receptors for some oncolytic paramyxoviruses and ensure preferential interaction of paramyxoviruses with malignant cells. Frequent genetic defects in interferon and apoptotic response systems that are common to cancer cells ensure better susceptibility of malignant cells to viruses. The Sendai virus as a Paramyxovirus is capable of inducing the formation of syncytia, multinuclear cell structures which promote viral infection spread within a tumor without virus exposure to host neutralizing antibodies. As a result, the Sendai virus can cause mass killing of malignant cells and tumor destruction. Oncolytic paramyxoviruses can also promote the immune-mediated elimination of malignant cells. In particular, they are powerful inducers of interferon and other cytokynes promoting antitumor activity of various cell components of the immune response, such as dendritic and natural killer cells, as well as cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Taken together these mechanisms explain the impressive oncolytic activity of paramyxoviruses that hold promise as future, efficient anticancer therapeutics.