Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most common autoimmune diseases. Many antioxidants have been tested in arthritis, but their efficacy was, at best, marginal.

In this study, a novel mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, plastoquinonyl-decyl-triphenylphosphonium bromide (SkQ1), was tested in vivo to prevent and cure experimental autoimmune arthritis. In conventional Wistar rats, SkQ1 completely prevented the development of clinical signs of arthritis if administered with food before induction. Further, SkQ1 significantly reduced the fraction of animals that developed clinical signs of arthritis and severity of pathological lesions if administration began immediately after induction of arthritis or at the onset of first symptoms (day 14 after induction). In specific pathogen-free Wistar rats, SkQ1 administered via gavage after induction of arthritis did not reduce the fraction of animals with arthritis but decreased the severity of lesions upon pathology examination in a dose-dependent manner. Efficacious doses of SkQ1 were in the range of 0.25–1.25 nmol/kg/day (0.13–0.7 μ g/kg/day), which is much lower than doses commonly used for conventional antioxidants. SkQ1 promoted apoptosis of neutrophils in vitro.

Considering its low toxicity and the wide therapeutic window, SkQ1 may be a valuable additional therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.
We study nonlinear stability of radial collapse of a cylindrical shell filled with a viscous incompressible fluid homogeneous in density. We have made the following assumptions: 1) there is a vacuum inside the shell, 2) there is the layer of compressed polytropic gas outside the shell, the gas serves as a product of instant detonation and causes nonzero constant pressure on the outer surface of the shell, 3) there is a vacuum beyond the layer of gas.

By the direct Lyapunov method, we state the absolute stability of radial collapse of the viscous cylindrical shell relative to finite disturbances of the same type of symmetry. Namely, we construct a Lyapunov function satisfying all conditions of the Lyapunov first theorem (stability theorem) regardless of radial collapse mode.

Thus, we confirm the Trishin hypothesis and prove that cumulation of the fluid kinetic energy during the radial collapse of the cylindrical shell near its geometric axis never originates.
ВВЕДЕНИЕСистема регуляции суточного ритма является одним из древнейших механизмов, позволяющих живым организмам оптимально адаптироваться к 24-часовым циклическим изменениям в среде обитания, обеспечивая упреждающую готовность к этим изменениям.Хорошо известно, что основой функционирования этого механизма служат молекулярно-генетические осцилляторы
A search for W$\gamma$ resonances in the mass range between 0.7 and 6.0 TeV is presented. The W boson is reconstructed via its hadronic decays, with the final-state products forming a single large-radius jet, owing to a high Lorentz boost of the W boson. The search is based on proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016-2018. The W$\gamma$ mass spectrum is parameterized with a smoothly falling background function and examined for the presence of resonance-like signals. No significant excess above the predicted background is observed. Model-specific upper limits at 95% confidence level on the product of the cross section and branching fraction to the W$\gamma$ channel are set. Limits for narrow resonances and for resonances with an intrinsic width equal to 5% of their mass, for spin-0 and spin-1 hypotheses, range between 0.17 fb at 6.0 TeV and 55 fb at 0.7 TeV. These are the most restrictive limits to date on the existence of such resonances over a large range of probed masses. In specific heavy scalar (vector) triplet benchmark models, narrow resonances with masses between 0.75 (1.15) and 1.40 (1.36) TeV are excluded for a range of model parameters. Model-independent limits on the product of the cross section, signal acceptance, and branching fraction to the W$\gamma$ channel are set for minimum W$\gamma$ mass thresholds between 1.5 and 8.0 TeV.
We describe a general N-solitonic solution of the focusing NLSE in the presence of a condensate by using the dressing method.

We find a broad class of superregular solitonic solutions which are small perturbations at certain a moment of time.

They describe the nonlinear stage of the modulation instability of the condensate and play an important role in the theory of freak waves.
We show that Jaynes-Cummings dynamics can be observed in mesoscopic atomic ensembles interacting with a classical electromagnetic field in the regime of a Rydberg blockade where the time dynamics of the average number of Rydberg excitations in mesoscopic ensembles displays collapses and revivals typical of this model. As the frequency of Rabi oscillations between collective states of Rydberg-blockaded ensembles depends on the number of interacting atoms, for randomly loaded optical dipole traps, we predict collapses and revivals of Rabi oscillations. We have studied the effects of finite interaction strengths and a finite laser linewidth on the visibility of the revivals. We have shown that observation of collapses and revivals of Rabi oscillations can be used as a signature of the Rydberg blockade without the need to measure the exact number of Rydberg atoms.
We comment on the recent paper by Yuan Qing-Xin and Du Yin-Xiao (Eur. J. Phys. 29 (2008) N43-N45).
Purpose: to study the clinical and laboratory efficacy of the platelet autoplasma use in the complex treatment of endogenous uveitis associated with systemic diseases accompanied by macular edema.Material and methods.The study included 46 people (72 eyes) with endogenous uveitis and macular edema.The diagnosis was made on the basis of the ophthalmological examination, including visometry, tonometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, perimetry, B-scan, optical coherence tomography of the macular zone, photoregistration of the anterior, posterior segment of the eye.The examination was carried out on the 1st and 10th day of treatment.The main group consisted of 22 people (36 eyes) who underwent anti-inflammatory therapy and the introduction of platelet plasma in the region of the pterygopalatine fossa.The control group consisted of 24 people (36 eyes) receiving only anti-inflammatory therapy (diprospan 0.5 paraequatorially №1, dexazone 4 mg intravenously №5, intravenous lasix 2.0 ml №5, electrophoresis with prednisolone № 7).All patients underwent the definition of IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17 in tear fluid before the study and on the 10th day.Results.The significant increase in the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-17A and IL-8) and IL-4 and IL-6 involved in the development of autoimmune response and chronic inflammation was found in the patients with endogenous uveitis and macular edema.The use in the treatment of endogenous uveitis with macular edema of platelet autoplasma leads to more pronounced improvement of clinico-ophthalmological parameters (improvement in visual acuity, retinal photosensitivity, and retinal thickness reduction) relating to the comparison group.A decrease in the activity of the inflammatory process was noted in the main group after treatment, which is manifested by a significant decrease in the concentrations of IL-17A, IL-8, IL-4, IL-6, relating to the data obtained in the comparison group.The proposed scheme of complex treatment allows reducing the frequency of relapses of the pathological process.
Introduction . Esophageal adenocarcinoma develops from areas of intestinal metaplasia in Barrett’s esophagus, similar to how intestinal metaplasia transforms into gastric adenocarcinomas in the stomach. Atypia with intraepithelial neoplasia is difficult to distinguish from reactive and regenerative changes, especially in erosive mucosa of the esophagus. Observation of patients with Barrett’s esophagus allows the identification of adenocarcinoma in the earlier, more curable stages in many patients. The aim of our stud y was to study the prospects of using a classifier based on miRNA profiling in histological samples of Barrett’s esophagus to determine the risk of malignancy and treatment tactics. Material and Methods . In this study, 119 samples of archival histological material in the form of paraffin blocks were used: 89 samples of gastric mucosa with dysplasia and 30 samples of Barrett’s esophagus. The expression level of miRNA-145-5p, -150-5p, -20a-5p, -21-5p,-31-5p,-34a-5p,-375 was determined using real-time RT-PC R. Samples were stratified into different groups using the C-RT decision tree algorithm. Results. 26.7 % of Barrett’s esophagus samples were classified by expression of the proposed miRNAs as cancer, which may indicate a potential development of a malignant tumor in the mucosa of the esophagus when morphological changes have not yet been found.
The translation start site plays an important role in the control of translation efficiency of eukaryotic mRNAs. However, mRNAs with a suboptimal context of start AUG codon are relatively abundant. It is likely that at least some mRNAs with suboptimal start codon context contain the other signals providing additional information for efficient AUG recognition.

Frequency of AUG codons at the beginning of the coding part of eukaryotic mRNAs was analyzed in relation to the context of translation start codon.

It was found that the observed downstream AUG content in the mRNAs with optimal start codon context was close to the expected value, whereas it was significantly higher in the mRNAs with a suboptimal context. It is likely that downstream AUG codons can often be utilized as additional start sites to increase translation rate of mRNAs with a suboptimal context of the annotated start codon and many eukaryotic proteins can be characterized by some N-end heterogeneity.
We analyze a family of fourth-order non-linear diffusion models corresponding to local approximations of 4-wave kinetic equations of weak wave turbulence. We focus on a class of parameters for which a dual cascade behaviour is expected with an infrared finite-time singularity associated to inverse transfer of waveaction. This case is relevant for wave turbulence arising in the Nonlinear Schrodinger model and for the gravitational waves in the Einstein's vacuum field model.

We compute the anomalous exponents and analyze their origin using the theory of dynamical systems.

We show that inverse transfer is not described by a scaling of the constant-flux solution but has an anomalous scaling.
Deposition of a SiO2 shell on luminescent ZnO nanoparticles in dimethylsulfoxide

precisely tunes the nanoparticle size from 3 to 6 nm
CaGd 2 (MoO 4 ) 4 :Er 3+ /Yb 3+ phosphors with the doping concentrations of Er 3+ and Yb 3+ ( x = Er 3+ + Yb 3+ , Er 3+ = 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and Yb 3+ = 0.2, 0.45) have been successfully synthesized by the microwave sol–gel method, and the crystal structure refinement and upconversion photoluminescence properties have been investigated.

The synthesized particles, being formed after heat‐treatment at 900°C for 16 h, showed a well‐crystallized morphology. Under the excitation at 980 nm, CaGd 2 (MoO 4 ) 4 :Er 3+ /Yb 3+ particles exhibited strong 525 and 550‐nm emission bands in the green region and a weak 655‐nm emission band in the red region. The Raman spectrum of undoped CaGd 2 (MoO 4 ) 4 revealed about 15 narrow lines. The strongest band observed at 903 cm −1 was assigned to the ν 1 symmetric stretching vibration of MoO 4 tetrahedrons. The spectra of the samples doped with Er and Yb obtained under 514.5 nm excitation were dominated by Er 3+ luminescence preventing the recording Raman spectra of these samples.

Concentration quenching of the erbium luminescence at 2 H 11/2 → 4 I 15/2 and 4 S 3/2 → 4 I 15/2 transitions in the CaGd 2 (MoO 4 ) 4 :Er 3+ /Yb 3+ crystal structure was established to be approximately at the 10 at.% doping level.
This work has shown spin selectivity in electron transfer (ET) of diastereomers of (R,S)-naproxen-(S)-N-methylpyrrolidine and (R,S)-naproxen-(S)-tryptophan dyads. Photoinduced ET in these dyads is interesting because of the still unexplained phenomenon of stereoselectivity in the drug activity of enantiomers. The chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (CIDNP) enhancement coefficients of (R,S)-diastereomers are double those of the (S,S)-analogue. These facts are also interesting because spin effects are among the most sensitive, even to small changes in spin and molecular dynamics of paramagnetic particles. Therefore, CIDNP reflects the difference in magnetoresonance parameters (hyperfine interaction constants (HFIs), g-factor difference) and lifetimes of the paramagnetic forms of (R,S)- and (S,S)-diastereomers. The difference in HFI values for diastereomers has been confirmed by a comparison of CIDNP experimental enhancement coefficients with those calculated. Additionally, the dependence of the CIDNP enhancement coefficients on diastereomer concentration has been observed for the naproxen-N-methylpyrrolidine dyad. This has been explained by the participation of ET in homo-(R,S-R,S or S,S-S,S) and hetero-(R,S-S,S) dimers of dyads. In this case, the effectivity of ET, and consequently, CIDNP, is supposed to be different for (R,S)- and (S,S)-homodimers, heterodimers, and monomers. The possibility of dyad dimer formation has been demonstrated by using high-resolution X-ray and NMR spectroscopy techniques.
Whereas modern automated blood cell analyzers measure the volume of individual red blood cells (RBCs), leading to four RBC indices (mean corpuscular volume, MCV; mean corpuscular hemoglobin, MCH; mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, MCHC; red cell distribution width, and RDW), the RBC shape has not been assessed by clinical screening tools. We applied the scanning flow cytometer (SFC) for complete characterization of intact RBC morphology in terms of diameter, maximal and minimal thicknesses, volume, surface area, sphericity index, spontaneous curvature, hemoglobin concentration, and content. The above‐mentioned individual RBC characteristics were measured without fluorescent markers and other chemicals by a SFC equipped only with 660 nm laser for RBC illumination and single detector for measurement of angle‐resolved light scattering. The distributions over all RBC characteristics were constructed and processed statistically to form the novel 31 RBC indices for 22 donor samples. Our results confirm the possibility of precise, label‐free, enhanced morphological analysis of individual intact RBCs with compact single‐detector flow cytometer. Detailed characterization of RBCs with high statistics and precision can be used to increase the value of screening examinations and to reveal pathologies accompanied by abnormality of RBC shape. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
A method based on optical heterodyning is proposed for measuring relative optical phases of pulses circulating in a synthetic photonic lattices.

The knowledge of the phases can be further used for qualitative reconstruction of an eigenmode excitation spectrum in the synthetic photonic lattice.
The Caucasian-Arabian belt is part of the huge late Cenozoic Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt formed by collision of continental plates. The belt consists of two domains: the Caucasian-Arabian Syntaxis (CAS) in the south and the EW-striking Greater Caucasus in the north. The CAS marks a zone of the indentation of the Arabian plate into the southern East European Craton. The Greater Caucasus Range is located in the south of the Eurasian plate; it was tectonically uplifted along the Main Caucasian Fault (MCF), which is, in turn, a part of a megafault extended over a great distance from the Kopetdag Mts. to the Tornquist-Teisseyre Trans-European Suture Zone. The Caucasus Mts. are bounded by the Black Sea from the west and by the Caspian Sea from the east. The SN-striking CAS is characterized by a large geophysical isostatic anomaly suggesting presence of mantle plume head. A 500 km long belt of late Cenozoic volcanism in the CAS extends from the eastern Anatolia to the Lesser and Greater Caucasus ranges. This belt hosts two different types of volcanic rocks: (1) plume-type intraplate basaltic plateaus and (2) suprasubduction-type calc-alkaline and shoshonite-latite volcanic rocks. As the CAS lacks signatures of subduction zones and is characterized by relatively shallow earthquakes (50–60 km), we suggest that the "suprasubduction-type" magmas were derived by interaction between mantle plume head and crustal material. Those hybrid melts were originated under conditions of collision-related deformation. During the late Cenozoic, the width of the CAS reduced to ca. 400 km due to tectonic "diffluence" of crustal material provided by the continuing Arabia-Eurasia collision.
Introduction Schizophrenia pathogenesis is known to be associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Inflammation can be caused by extracellular histones that are released from cells due to apoptosis dysfunction. It can also be accompanied by the formation of natural catalytic immunoglobulins that bind and hydrolyze histones. Objectives To investigate the ability to hydrolyze various histones by polyclonal IgGs from serum of patients with schizophrenia. Methods We recruited 50 patients (28 men and 22 women) with a verified diagnosis of paranoid or simple schizophrenia and 25 healthy individuals (13 men and 12 women) in our study. IgG preparations were obtained by affinity chromatography and analyzed by SDS-PAGE and MALDI MS. Catalytic activity of IgGs were revealed by the degree of hydrolysis of five histones using SDS-PAGE. To prove that antibodies exhibit histone-hydrolyzing activity, we used rigorous generally accepted criteria. Statistical analysis was performed in Origin 2019. Results IgGs of patients are shown to bind and hydrolyze various histones with high efficiencies. The IgGs histone-hydrolyzing activity level, depending on the type of histone (H1, H2a, H2b, H3, H4), was statistically significantly 6–20 times higher than that of healthy individuals (Fig. 1). However, only 21% of patients with schizophrenia had IgGs with very high activity. The IgGs activity level correlated with PANSS General scale. Fig.1. Histone-hydrolyzing activity of IgG. Conclusions We suggest that histone-hydrolyzing antibodies may play a compensatory role in schizophrenia because removal of extracellular histones minimizes the inflammatory responses. Therefore, such IgGs may be the link between inflammation and humoral immunity, and also be a promising biomarker. Conflict of interest This work was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research under grant 20-015-00156. E.A.E. is the recipient of the fellowship of the President of the Russian Federation (SP-2258.2019.4).
This study seeks to develop, test and assess a methodology for automatic extraction of a complete set of 'term-like phrases' and to create a terminology spectrum from a collection of natural language PDF documents in the field of chemistry. The definition of 'term-like phrases' is one or more consecutive words and/or alphanumeric string combinations with unchanged spelling which convey specific scientific meanings. A terminology spectrum for a natural language document is an indexed list of tagged entities including: recognized general scientific concepts, terms linked to existing thesauri, names of chemical substances/reactions and term-like phrases. The retrieval routine is based on n-gram textual analysis with a sequential execution of various 'accept and reject' rules with taking into account the morphological and structural information.The assessment of the retrieval process, expressed quantitatively with a precision (P), recall (R) and F1-measure, which are calculated manually from a limited set of documents (the full set of text abstracts belonging to 5 EuropaCat events were processed) by professional chemical scientists, has proved the effectiveness of the developed approach. The term-like phrase parsing efficiency is quantified with precision (P = 0.53), recall (R = 0.71) and F1-measure (F1 = 0.61) values.The paper suggests using such terminology spectra to perform various types of textual analysis across document collections. This sort of the terminology spectrum may be successfully employed for text information retrieval, for reference database development, to analyze research trends in subject fields of research and to look for the similarity between documents.Graphical abstractTerminology spectrum building process with term-like phrases retrieval.
Experimental investigation of convective processes within horizontal evaporating liquid layer under shear–stress of gas flow is presented.

Convection flow within the liquid layer is registered with help of PIV technique. Average evaporation flow rate of Ethanol liquid layer under Air gas flow is measured. Influence of the gas velocity, at a constant temperature of 20 °C, on the evaporation flow rate has been studied.

It is found the structures of the convection, which move in opposite direction relative to each other. First convective structure moves in reverse direction with the flow of gas, and the second convective structure moves towards the gas flow.
A simple and fast algorithm for generating two correlated stochastic two-dimensional (2D) cloud fields is described. The algorithm is illustrated with two broken cumulus cloud fields: cloud optical depth and cloud-top height retrieved from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Only two 2D fields are required as an input. The algorithm output is statistical realizations of these two fields with approximately the same correlation and joint distribution functions as the original ones. The major assumption of the algorithm is statistical isotropy of the fields. In contrast to fractals and the Fourier filtering methods frequently used for stochastic cloud modeling, the proposed method is based on spectral models of homogeneous random fields. To retain the same probability density function as the (first) original field, the method of inverse distribution function is used. When the spatial distribution of the first field has been generated, a realization of the correlated second field is simulated using a conditional distribution matrix. This paper serves as a theoretical justification of the publicly available software “Simulation of a two-component cloud field,” which has been recently released. Although 2D rather than full 3D, the stochastic realizations of two correlated cloud fields that mimic statistics of given fields have proven to be very useful to study 3D radiative transfer features of broken cumulus clouds for a better understanding of shortwave radiation and the interpretation of remote sensing retrievals.
Thanks to beam cleanup of GRIN fiber itself and single-mode selection properties of the fiber Bragg gratings inscribed in the center of GRIN fiber, the efficient BE is realized.

The power scaling on all-fiberized Raman fiber oscillator with brightness enhancement (BE) based on multimode graded-index (GRIN) fiber is demonstrated. For the laser cavity with single OC FBG, continuous-wave power of 334 W with an M 2 value of 2.8 and BE value of 5.6 were obtained at a wavelength of 1120 nm with an optical-to-optical efficiency of 49.6%. Furthermore, the cavity reflectivity is increased by employing two OC FBGs to scale the output power up to 443 W, while the corresponding M 2 is 3.5 with BE of 4.2.

To our best knowledge, it is the highest power in Raman oscillator based on GRIN fiber.