Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
We studied the level of spontaneous telomere dysfunction in Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) (Rodentia, Muridae) embryonic fibroblasts (rEFs) and in cultured in vitro rat pluripotent stem cells (rPSCs), embryonic stem cells (rESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (riPSCs), on early passages and after prolonged cultivation.

Among studied cell lines, rESCs showed the lowest level of telomere dysfunction, while the riPSCs demonstrated an elevated level on early passages of cultivation. In cultivation, the frequency of dysfunctional telomeres has increased in all studied cell lines; this is particularly true for dysfunctional telomeres occurring in G1 stage in riPSCs.

The obtained data are mainly discussed in the connection with the specific structure of the telomere regions and their influence on the differential DNA damage response in them.
Various catalytic antibodies or abzymes (Abzs) have been detected recently in the sera of patients and animals with many autoimmune diseases, where their presence is most probably associated with autoimmunization. Normal humans or animals usually do not contain Abzs. In contrast, polyclonal Abzs from healthy humans and animals have an intrinsic superoxide dismutase activity and catalyze formation of H 2 O 2 (Wentworth et al., 2000, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA ; 2001, Science ). Here, we present the first evidence showing that highly purified native IgGs from the sera of healthy Wistar rats interact with H 2 O 2 and possess peroxidase‐like activity. Specific peroxidase activity of IgG preparations from the sera of 10 rats varied in the range 1.6–27% as compared with that for horseradish peroxidase (100%). Antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutases, catalases, and glutathione peroxidases are known to represent critical defence mechanisms for preventing oxidative modifications of DNA, proteins, and lipids. Antioxidant peroxidase activity of Abzs can also play an important role in the protection of organisms from oxidative stress as well as in oxidation of toxic compounds.
I.P. Shestakov constructed an example of a unital simple special Jordan superalgebra over the field of real numbers. It turned out to be a subsuperalgebra of the Jordan superalgebra of vector type, but not isomorphic to a superalgebra of this type. Moreover, its superalgebra of fractions is isomorphic to a Jordan superalgebra of vector type. Author constructed a similar example of a Jordan superalgebra over a field of characteristic~0 in which the equation $t^2+1=0$. In this article we present an~example of a Jordan superalgebra with the same properties over an arbitrary field of characteristic 0. A similar example of a superalgebra is found in the Cheng-Kac superalgebra.
Since December 2010, the CMD-3 detector has collected data at the electron-positron collider VEPP-2000. The sample of the accumulated data corresponds to about 60 pb−1 of integrated luminosity in the c.m. energy from 0.32 up to 2 GeV.

Preliminary results of the analysis of various processes e+e− annihilation to hadrons are presented.

It is shown the processes with multihadron events have several intermediate states which must be taken into account to correctly describe the angular and invariant mass distributions as well as cross section dependence versus energy.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of brain atrophy, aging-related diseases, and mortality. We examined potential advanced brain aging in adult MDD patients, and whether this process is associated with clinical characteristics in a large multicenter international dataset. We performed a mega-analysis by pooling brain measures derived from T1-weighted MRI scans from 19 samples worldwide. Healthy brain aging was estimated by predicting chronological age (18–75 years) from 7 subcortical volumes, 34 cortical thickness and 34 surface area, lateral ventricles and total intracranial volume measures separately in 952 male and 1236 female controls from the ENIGMA MDD working group. The learned model coefficients were applied to 927 male controls and 986 depressed males, and 1199 female controls and 1689 depressed females to obtain independent unbiased brain-based age predictions. The difference between predicted “brain age” and chronological age was calculated to indicate brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD). On average, MDD patients showed a higher brain-PAD of +1.08 (SE 0.22) years (Cohen’s d = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.08–0.20) compared with controls. However, this difference did not seem to be driven by specific clinical characteristics (recurrent status, remission status, antidepressant medication use, age of onset, or symptom severity). This highly powered collaborative effort showed subtle patterns of age-related structural brain abnormalities in MDD. Substantial within-group variance and overlap between groups were observed. Longitudinal studies of MDD and somatic health outcomes are needed to further assess the clinical value of these brain-PAD estimates.
heterogeneous pairwise parahydrogen (pH2) addition to propylene and propylene-d6

systematic study of relaxation dynamics using long-lived spin states (LLSs) created at low magnetic field of 0.0475 T; use of partial spin-lock induced crossing (SLIC) radio-frequency (RF) pulse sequence

TLLS approximately threefold greater than T1 values; both increase linearly with propane pressure; deuteration yields shorter TLLS values; pH2 or Xe/N2 buffering gas decreases TLLS but increases polarization levels; HP propane cryocollection feasible with TLLS reaching 14.7 s; LLS highly suitable as spin-polarization reservoir for NMR/MRI detection applications
A search for decays of the Higgs boson into a pair of new spin-zero particles, H→aa, where the a-bosons decay into a b-quark pair and a muon pair, is presented.

The search uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data at s=13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2015 and 2016.

No significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction is observed. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are placed on the branching ratio (σH/σSM)×B(H→aa→bbμμ), ranging from 1.2×10−4 to 8.4×10−4 in the a-boson mass range of 20–60 GeV. Model-independent limits are set on the visible production cross-section times the branching ratio to the bbμμ final state for new physics, σvis(X)×B(X→bbμμ), ranging from 0.1 fb to 0.73 fb for mμμ between 18 and 62 GeV.
The environmental pollutant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is the most toxic among the dioxin xenobiotics and induces a broad spectrum of biological responses, including immunotoxicity and cancer [1]. Macrophages are very plastic cells and can acquire various functionally distinct phenotypes depending on the physiological context. They are key regulators of the innate immune response and determine the developmental thrust of the adaptive immune response. The action of TCDD on macrophages is unique in that carried out through a variety of pathways, inducing activation of a number of cytokines [2]. Our previous analysis showed that the list of such cytokines was not complete [3]. IL-12 family of cytokines is the key players in the regulation of T cell responses. Little is known of the effects that TCDD has on the expression of IL-12 family member’s genes, such as IL12A, IL12B, IL27 and EBI3, which forms a critically important cytokines IL-12 and IL-27, secreted by human macrophages.

In the present work, the effects of TCDD on expression of IL-12 family member’s genes in human macrophages have been investigated. To examine the effects of TCDD on the functional characteristics of macrophages, experiments have been conducted on the monocyte-like cell line U937 and primary human macrophages.

Obtained data demonstrate functional activity of DREs in IL12A, IL12B and IL4 gene promoters via AhR signal pathway. The mRNA expression dynamics of IL12A, IL12B, IL4, IL27 and EBI3 cytokines genes also evidence the indirect TCDD–mediated modulation of these genes via intrinsic TFs, one of which is ATF3. Exposure to TCDD induces a mechanism of two-stage regulation of the expression of some IL-12 family subunits through primary activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by the TCDD-containing complex followed by ATF3-dependent suppression of their expression. This may result in an abrupt reduction of the anti-tumor response mediated by O and NK cells. The observed increase in ATF3 and decrease in IL-12 following exposure to TCDD are consistent with data on the expression of these genes in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Reliance upon available data that demonstrate a decrease in IL-12 alongside an increase in the expression of other cytokines typical of TAMs confirms the hypothesis that TCDD can shift the phenotype of a macrophage towards a tumor-associated direction. This mechanism may be one of the others underlying TCDD-driven tumor promotion.
The important role of miRNA in cell proliferation and differentiation has raised interest in exogenous ribonucleases (RNases) as tools to control tumour-associated intracellular and extracellular miRNAs.

In this work, we evaluated the effects of the RNase binase from Bacillus pumilus on small non-coding regulatory RNAs in the context of mouse RLS40 lymphosarcoma inhibition. In vitro binase exhibited cytotoxicity towards RLS40 cells via apoptosis induction through caspase-3/caspase-7 activation and decreased the levels of miR-21a, let-7g, miR-31 and miR-155. Intraperitoneal injections of binase in RLS40-bearing mice resulted in the retardation of primary tumour growth by up to 60% and inhibition of metastasis in the liver by up to 86%, with a decrease in reactive inflammatory infiltration and mitosis in tumour tissue.

In the blood serum of binase-treated mice, decreases in the levels of most studied miRNAs were observed, excluding let-7g, while in tumour tissue, the levels of oncomirs miR-21, miR-10b, miR-31 and miR-155, and the oncosuppressor let-7g, were upregulated. Analysis of binase-susceptible miRNAs and their regulatory networks showed that the main modulated events were transcription and translation control, the cell cycle, cell proliferation, adhesion and invasion, apoptosis and autophagy, as well as some other tumour-related cascades, with an impact on the observed antitumour effects.
We study the process $e^+e^- \to \pi^+\pi^-\eta \gamma$, where the photon is radiated from the initial state.

About 8000 fully reconstructed events of this process are selected from the BaBar data sample with an integrated luminosity of 469~fb$^{-1}$. Using the $\pi^+\pi^-\eta$ invariant mass spectrum we measure the $e^+e^- \to \pi^+\pi^-\eta$ cross section in the $e^+e^-$ center-of-mass energy range from 1.15 to 3.5 GeV.

The cross section is well described by the Vector-Meson Dominance model with four $\rho$-like states. We observe $49\pm9$ events of the $J/\psi$ decay to $\pi^+\pi^-\eta$, and measure the product $\Gamma_{J/\Psi \to e^+e^-} \text{B}_{J/\Psi \to \pi^+\pi^-\eta} = 2.34 \pm 0.43_{\text{stat}} \pm 0.16_{\text{syst}}$~eV.
Refracted waves are often used in neat-surface exploration. A limited observation system in the form of unidirectional profiles is often used.

In our work, we selected an object with a known anisotropic upper part of the cross-section.

The results of refracted waves processing show the anisotropy of one of the layers of the medium, the azimuthal anisotropy of which led to the observation that the refraction on its top ceases from the first arrivals, for the direction of the profile aligned with the axis of symmetry of the azimuthally anisotropic layer.
Fragile X syndrome is the most common cause of inherited intellectual disability in humans. It is a result of CGG repeat expansion in the 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR) of the FMR1 gene. This gene encodes the FMRP protein that is involved in neuronal development. Repeat expansion leads to heterochromatinization of the promoter, gene silencing, and the subsequent absence of FMRP. To date, there is no specific therapy for the syndrome. All treatments in clinic practice provide symptomatic therapy. The development of drug therapy for Fragile X syndrome treatment is connected with the search for inhibitors of enzymes that are responsible for heterochromatinization.

Here, we report a weak transcriptional activity of the FMR1 gene and the absence of FMRP protein after Fragile X syndrome cell lines treatment with two FDA approved inhibitors of histone deacetylases, romidepsin and vorinostat.

We demonstrate that romidepsin, an inhibitor of class I histone deacetylases, does not activate FMR1 expression in patient cell cultures, whereas vorinostat, an inhibitor of classes I and II histone deacetylases, activates a low level of FMR1 expression in some patient cell lines.
Al 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ nanophosphors were prepared by laser vaporization method in a flowing mixture of Ar/He and O 2 . Luminescence properties of Al 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ nanophosphors are predominantly determined by Eu 3+ ions red emission with inhomogeneously broadened bands in the region of 550-750 nm corresponding to 5 D 0 → 7 F J transitions of Eu 3+ (J = 0 - 4). Hypersensitive electric dipole transition 5 D 0 → 7 F 2 dominates in the spectrum and is responsible for the red emission. The effect of crystallite size on luminescence properties of Al 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ nanocrystals was observed. It was shown that the introduction of oxygen during the synthesis improves the luminescence performance. The obtained chromaticity coordinates and high absolute QY (~ 14%) indicate the possibility of using red nanophosphors based on Al 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ .
In this article, we study a connection between quasiisometric mappings of n-dimensional domains and the p-moduli of path families.

In particular, we obtain explicit (and sharp) estimates for the distortion of the p-moduli of path families under K-quasi-isometric mappings.
In the present study behavioral effects of the 5-HT 2C serotonin receptor were investigated in different mouse strains. The 5-HT 2C receptor agonist MK-212 applied intraperitoneally induced significant dose-dependent reduction of distance traveled in the open field test in CBA/Lac mice. This effect was receptor-specific because it was inhibited by the 5-HT 2C receptor antagonist RS102221. To study the role of genotype in 5-HT 2C receptor-induced hypolocomotion, locomotor activity of seven inbred mouse strains was measured after MK-212 acute treatment. We found that the 5-HT 2C receptor stimulation by MK-212 decreased distance traveled in the open field test in CBA/Lac, C57Bl/6, C3H/He, and ICR mice, whereas it failed to affect locomotor activity in DBA/2J, Asn, and Balb/c mice. We also compared the interstrain differences in functional response to 5-HT 2C and 5-HT 2A receptors activation measured by the quantification of receptor-mediated head-twitches. These experiments revealed significant positive correlation between 5-HT2C and 5-HT2A receptors functional responses for all investigated mouse strains. Moreover, we found that 5-HT 2A receptor activation with DOI did not change locomotor activity in CBA/Lac mice. Taken together, our data indicate the implication of 5-HT 2C receptors in regulation of locomotor activity and suggest the shared mechanism for functional responses mediated by 5-HT 2C and 5-HT 2A receptors.
We experimentally investigate Andreev transport through a single junction between an s-wave indium superconductor and a thick film of a three-dimensional $Bi_2Te_3$ topological insulator. We study $Bi_2Te_3$ samples with different bulk and surface characteristics, where the presence of a topological surface state is confirmed by direct ARPES measurements.

All the junctions demonstrate Andreev transport within the superconducting gap. For junctions with transparent $In-Bi_2Te_3$ interfaces we find a number of nearly periodic conductance oscillations, which are accompanied by zero-bias conductance anomaly. Both effects disappear above the superconducting transition or for resistive junctions.

We propose a consistent interpretation of both effects as originating from proximity-induced superconducting correlations within the $Bi_2Te_3$ topological surface state.
Eisenia nordenskioldi (Eisen, 1879 ) is the only autochthonous Siberian earthworm with a large distribution that ranges from tundra to steppe and broadleaved forests. This species has a very high morphological, ecological, karyological, and genetic diversity, so it was proposed that E. nordenskioldi should be split into several species. However, the phylogeny of the complex was unclear due to the low resolution of the methods used and the high diversity that should have been taken into account.

We investigated this question by (1) studying the diversity of the COI gene of E. nordenskioldi throughout its range and (2) sequencing transcriptomes of different genetic lineages to infer its phylogeny.

We found that E. nordenskioldi is monophyletic and is split into two clades. The first one includes the pigmented genetic lineages widespread in the northern and western parts of the distribution, and the second one originating from the southern and southeastern part of the species' range and representing both pigmented and non-pigmented forms. We propose to split the E. nordenskioldi complex into two species, E. nordenskioldi and Eisenia sp. 1 (aff. E. nordenskioldi ), corresponding to these two clades. The currently recognized non-pigmented subspecies E. n. pallida will be abolished as a polyphyletic and thus a non-natural taxon, while Eisenia sp. 1 will be expanded to include several lineages earlier recognized as E. n. nordenskioldi and E. n. pallida .
Three-dimensional simulation of air injection into a liquid (water, liquid lead) at large pressure drops in a three-dimensional formulation has been carried out. A significant difference in the formation of the air volume form at injection of water and liquid lead is shown.

The instability of the interfacial surface in the form of annular waves and axial cavity on the upper surface of the slug has been revealed in three-dimensional calculation. For the three-dimensional case the gas-dynamic structure of the compression jumps and the Mach disk is found to be more pronounced for the supersonic underexpanded jet inside the slug.
This paper reports the detection of the myxozoan species Myxobolus elegans Kashkovsky 1966 in common dace (Leuciscus leuciscus) that has not been previously listed as its host. The problem of differentiation of phenotypically similar Myxobolus species is addressed.

During parasitological survey of common dace from the desalinated part of the Gulf of Finland at the city of Sestroretsk, Russia, numerous oval-shaped plasmodia, 0.2-0.4 mm in size, filled with Myxobolus spores were found on the gills. Pear-shaped myxospores were 15.4 (14.8-16.0) × 10.2 (9.6-10.9) µm in size with a rib on each valve. On the basis of spore morphology, the species appeared to be similar to M. elegans and Myxobolus hungaricus Jaczó, 1940. In order to identify the species, molecular genetic analysis was performed, and the species was identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and 18S rDNA data.

The results obtained indicate that the Myxobolus species observed on the gills of dace is M. elegans. Thus, common dace is another valid host of M. elegans besides the type host, ide (Leuciscus idus).
We demonstrate that SDYM (self-dual Yang-Mills) equations for the Lie algebra of one-dimensional vector fields represent a natural reduction in the framework of a general linearly degenerate dispersionless hierarchy. We define the reduction in terms of wave functions and introduce a generating relation, Lax-Sato equations, and the dressing scheme for the reduced hierarchy. A multidimensional case is also discussed.
At the detonation of condensed explosives, on the profile of electric conductivity is observed the area of high values, which is usually associated with the chemical reaction zone. The new interpretation of experimental data on the electrical conductivity allows one to diagnose the influence of the grain size on the charge structure and the reaction zone in the whole range of densities investigated. The reliability of the proposed hypotheses are investigated by the methods of statistical analysis. The level of confidence shows the consistency. The results of this paper are useful for the explosion physics, for the industrial production of nanodiamonds, for the miniaturization of explosive devices.
Conditions enabling the single-step preparative synthesis of chiral 4-fluoropolyhydro-2 H -chromenes in good yields through a reaction between monoterpenoid alcohols with para -menthane skeleton and aldehydes were developed for the first time. The BF 3 ·Et 2 O/H 2 O system is used both as a catalyst and as a fluorine source. The reaction can involve aliphatic aldehydes as well as aromatic aldehydes containing various acceptor and donor substituents. 4-Hydroxyhexahydro-2 H -chromenes were demonstrated to be capable of converting to 4-fluorohexahydro-2 H -chromenes under the developed conditions, the reaction occurs with inversion of configuration.
De novo transcriptome assembly is an important stage of RNA-seq data computational analysis. It allows the researchers to obtain the sequences of transcripts presented in the biological sample of interest. The availability of accurate and complete transcriptome sequence of the organism of interest is, in turn, an indispensable condition for further analysis of RNA-seq data. Through years of transcriptomic research, the bioinformatics community has developed a number of assembler programs for transcriptome reconstruction from short reads of RNA-seq libraries. Different assemblers makes it possible to conduct a de novo transcriptome reconstruction and a genome-guided reconstruction. The majority of the assemblers working with RNA-seq data are based on the De Bruijn graph method of sequence reconstruction. However, specif ics of their procedures can vary drastically, as do their results. A number of authors recommend a hybrid approach to transcriptome reconstruction based on combining the results of several assemblers in order to achieve a better transcriptome assembly. The advantage of this approach has been demonstrated in a number of studies, with RNA-seq experiments conducted on the Illumina platform.

In this paper, we propose a hybrid approach for creating a transcriptome assembly of the barley Hordeum vulgare isogenic line Bowman and two nearly isogenic lines contrasting in spike pigmentation, based on the results of sequencing on the IonTorrent platform. This approach implements several de novo assemblers: Trinity, Trans-ABySS and rnaSPAdes. Several assembly metrics were examined: the percentage of reference transcripts observed in the assemblies, the percentage of RNA-seq reads involved, and BUSCO scores.

It was shown that, based on the summation of these metrics, transcriptome meta-assembly surpasses individual transcriptome assemblies it consists of.
This contribution is a documentation of recent advances in the chemistry of chalcogenide polynuclear transition metal complexes coordinated with mono- and di-phosphines functionalized with hydroxo groups. A survey of complexes containing tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphine (THP) is presented. The influence of the alkyl chain in bidentate phosphines, bearing the P–(CH 2 ) x –OH arms, is also analyzed. Finally, isolation and structure elucidation of the complexes with HP(OH) 2 , P(OH) 3 , As(OH) 3 , PhP(OH) 2 , stabilized by coordination to Ni(0) and Pd(0) centers embedded into chalcogenide clusters, is discussed.