Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The Jurassic and Cretaceous paleohydrogeology of the Arctic regions of Western Siberia includes three hydrogeological cycles: Induan-Sinemurian, Pliensbachian-Cenomanian, Turonian-Serravallian. The paper presents results of the paleohydrological reconstructions of Jurassic and Cretaceous deposits. In the Triassic-Early Jurassic and Berriman-Cenomanian, the continental regime of sedimentation was prevalent within the study area, along with the processes of infiltration of fresh meteoric waters mainly hydrocarbonate calcium in composition with the TDS value not exceeding 5 g/dm3. Marine sedimentation conditions were dominant during the Pliensbachian-Hauterivian and Turonian-Bartonian elision stages, when the processes of sedimentation were accompanied by syngenetic burial of sodium chloride waters, locally rich in magnesium, with the TDS value reaching 35 g/dm3 in the deepest parts of the marine basin existing in the Volgian time. Modern chemistry of groundwaters of Jurassic and Cretaceous deposits in the Arctic regions of Western Siberia is a product of long-term geological evolution of the "water-rock-gas-OM" system.
The system is compared to previously synthesized core-shell type particles in order to show possible differences responsible for the Janus-like structure forming instead of a core-shell architecture.

Metal-semiconductor Janus-like nanoparticles with the composition tantalum silicide-silicon (TaSi₂/Si) were synthesized for the first time by means of an evaporation method utilizing a high-power electron beam. The composition of the synthesized particles were characterized using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), selective area electron diffraction (SAED), and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDX) analysis.

It is proposed that the production of Janus-like as opposed to core-shell or monophase particles occurs due to the ability of Ta and Si to form compounds and the relative content of Ta and Si atoms in the produced vapour. Based on the results, a potential mechanism of formation for the TaSi₂/Si nanoparticles is discussed.
The paper presents the results of experimental investigation of the effect of the beam polarization on the quality of the oxygen-assisted laser cutting of steel by a CO2-laser. Under consideration is the effect of the laser cutting parameters by the beam with the linear polarization on the cut surface roughness. It is founded that the minimal roughness is reached when the electric field vector is perpendicular to the cutting speed vector. It is concluded that the absorbed power distribution imposes the essential influence on the surface quality, and that the radiation heating of side walls is important to have lower roughness. Obtained results enabled to present probable reasons of the worse surface quality of the metals cut by a fiber laser than the ones cut by a CO2-laser.
Confined carbon species play a dual role in the non-oxidative dehydroaromatization of methane over single-atom Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts.

N. Kosinov, E. J. M. Hensen et al. applied operando spectroscopy, microscopy, and isotope labeling of methane to establish that polyaromatic hydrocarbons, formed in the micropores of the zeolite catalyst, are necessary intermediates for benzene formation.

These species lead to catalyst deactivation by agglomeration in heavy deposits that block access to the pores.
Nonlinear wavefields governed by integrable models such as the Korteweg–De Vries (KdV) equation can be decomposed into the so-called scattering data playing the role of independent elementary harmonics evolving trivially in time. A typical scattering data portrait of a spatially localised wavefield represents nonlinear coherent wave structures (solitons) and incoherent radiation.

In this work we present a fourth-order accurate algorithm to compute the scattering data within the KdV model. The method based on the Magnus expansion technique provides accurate information about soliton amplitudes, velocities and intensity of the radiation.

Our tests performed using a box-shaped wavefield confirm that all components of the scattering data are computed correctly, while the test based on a single-soliton solution verifies the declared order of a numerical scheme.
We introduce the notion of a (virtual) multi-switch which generalizes the notion of a (virtual) switch.

Using (virtual) multi-switches we introduce a general approach of how to construct representations of (virtual) braid groups by automorphisms of algebraic systems.

As a corollary we introduce new representations of virtual braid groups which generalize several previously known representations.
Bimetallic Pd-Au catalysts were prepared on the porous nanocrystalline silicon (PSi) for the first time. The catalysts were tested in the reaction of direct hydrogen peroxide synthesis and characterised by standard structural and chemical techniques. It was shown that the Pd-Au/PSi catalyst prepared from conventional H2[PdCl4] and H[AuCl4] precursors contains monometallic Pd and a range of different Pd-Au alloy nanoparticles over the oxidized PSi surface. The PdAu2/PSi catalyst prepared from the [Pd(NH3)4][AuCl4]2 double complex salt single-source precursor predominantly contains bimetallic Pd-Au alloy nanoparticles. For both catalysts the surface of bimetallic nanoparticles is Pd-enriched and contains palladium in Pd0 and Pd2+ states. Among the catalysts studied, the PdAu2/PSi catalyst was the most active and selective in the direct H2O2 synthesis with H2O2 productivity of 0.5 at selectivity of 50 % and H2O2 concentration of 0.023 M in 0.03 M H2SO4-methanol solution after 5 h on stream at -10 °C and atmospheric pressure. This performance is due to high activity in the H2O2 synthesis reaction and low activities in the undesirable Н2О2 decomposition and hydrogenation reactions. Good performance of the PdAu2/PSi catalyst was associated with the major part of Pd in the catalyst being in the form of the bimetallic Pd-Au nanoparticles. Porous silicon was concluded to be a promising catalytic support for direct hydrogen peroxide synthesis due to its inertness with respect to undesirable side reactions, high thermal stability and conductivity, possibility of safe operation at high temperatures and pressures and a well-established manufacturing process.
A search for new heavy particles that decay into top-quark pairs is performed using data collected from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The integrated luminosity of the data sample is 36.1 fb -1 . Events consistent with top-quark pair production are selected by requiring a single isolated charged lepton, missing transverse momentum and jet activity compatible with a hadronic top-quark decay. Jets identified as likely to contain b-hadrons are required to reduce the background from other Standard Model processes. The invariant mass spectrum of the candidate top-quark pairs is examined for local excesses above the background expectation. No significant deviations from the Standard Model predictions are found. Exclusion limits are set on the production cross-section times branching ratio for hypothetical Z' bosons, Kaluza-Kein gluons and Kaluza-Klein gravitons that decay into top-quark pairs.
Recently, many major cities in the world have faced a serious environmental problem caused by the presence of a large amount of waste and the established practice of their treatment.

The paper presents an assessment of the energy potential of wastewater sludge (WWS) in the context of Novosibirsk city. According to our estimates, the total amount of generated semi-liquid WWS is about 132,000 tons per year, the theoretical energy output amounts to 67 GW per year, which is more than three times the total heat produced by small boiler plants in the region. Chemical compositions of WWS and stone/brown coals differ slightly. WWS contains 24.5% less carbon than coal and 5% less carbon than brown coal. The proportion of sulfur in WWS exceeds its specific content in coal by only 0.2% and in brown coal – by 4%. Seven alternative wastewater sludge utilization options have been developed, based both on new non-traditional waste incineration technologies and on finished turnkey technologies. WWS utilization options are evaluated in terms of economic efficiency, energy value, and environmental impact.

The efficient option is the one associated with the utilization of WWS based on combustion with coal in a thermal power plant.
Quicksort algorithm as an assistant preliminary tool is proposed for acceleration of neighbour search procedure in the frame of molecular dynamics simulations. Simple estimations are made showing that the number of operations required to determine all the neighbours within a system of particles can be reduced by 2-3 orders of magnitude due to the preliminary sorting. Test molecular dynamics simulations carried out for virtual crystal structure containing atoms manifest 9-fold acceleration achieved by the modified algorithm.
Experimental dependency of the photosystem's response on the wavelength of exciting radiation, also known as action spectrum, may be substantially affected by the spectrum shape of this radiation. This is especially important in the case, when different radiation sources are used for the investigation of action spectrum. For instance, too wide emission peaks of radiation sources can blur the scopes of actual action spectrum and distort information about the properties of photosystem at certain wavelength regions. Here, we propose a method for the correction of experimental action spectrum by the recalculation of experimental data of photoresponse according to actual spectra of exciting radiation. In the case of overlapping radiation spectra from different radiation sources, this method results in much better correlation of experimental action spectrum to actual action spectrum or absorption spectrum of photosystem. The data on photoactivity of several photocatalysts are presented to illustrate and validate the proposed method. Activity of photosystem depends on the actual spectrum of the radiation source Single-peak optical radiation sources with the same basic wavelength may cause a different photoactivity Effect of actual spectrum of the light source on the photoactivity is to be considered
Intrinsically disordered proteins play a central role in dynamic regulatory and assembly processes in the cell. Recently, a human κ-casein proteolytic fragment called lactaptin (8.6 kDa) was found to induce apoptosis of human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells with no cytotoxic activity toward normal cells. Earlier, we had designed some recombinant analogs of lactaptin and compared their biological activity. Among these analogs, RL2 has the highest antitumor activity, but the amino acid residues and secondary structures that are responsible for RL2's activity remain unclear. To elucidate the structure-activity relations of RL2, we studied the structural and aggregation features of this fairly large intrinsically disordered fragment of human milk κ-casein by a combination of physicochemical methods: NMR, paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE), Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), circular dichroism, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy, and a cytotoxic activity assay. It was found that in solution, RL2 exists as stand-alone monomeric particles and large aggregates. Whereas the disulfide-bonded homodimer turned out to be more prone to assembly into large aggregates, the monomer predominantly forms single particles. NMR relaxation analysis of spin-labeled RL2 showed that the RL2 N-terminal region, which is essential not only for multimerization of the peptide but also for its proapoptotic action on cancer cells, is more ordered than its C-terminal counterpart and contains a site with a propensity for α-helical secondary structure.
Human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is known to be a critical player of the base excision repair (BER) pathway. In general, BER involves consecutive actions of DNA glycosylases, AP endonucleases, DNA polymerases, and DNA ligases. It is known that these proteins interact with APE1 either at upstream or downstream steps of BER. Therefore, we may propose that even a minor disturbance of protein–protein interactions on the DNA template reduces coordination and repair efficiency.

Here, the ability of various human DNA repair enzymes (such as DNA glycosylases OGG1, UNG2, and AAG; DNA polymerase Polβ; or accessory proteins XRCC1 and PCNA) to influence the activity of wild-type (WT) APE1 and its seven natural polymorphic variants (R221C, N222H, R237A, G241R, M270T, R274Q, and P311S) was tested. Förster resonance energy transfer–based kinetic analysis of abasic site cleavage in a model DNA substrate was conducted to detect the effects of interacting proteins on the activity of WT APE1 and its single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants. Protein–protein molecular docking was performed between repair proteins to identify amino acid residues involved in their interactions.

The results revealed that WT APE1 activity was stimulated by almost all tested DNA repair proteins. For the SNP variants, the matters were more complicated. Analysis of two SNP variants, R237A and G241R, suggested that a positive charge in this area of the APE1 surface impairs the protein–protein interactions. In contrast, variant R221C (where the affected residue is located near the DNA-binding site) showed permanently lower activation relative to WT APE1, whereas neighboring SNP N222H did not cause a noticeable difference as compared to WT APE1. Buried substitution P311S had an inconsistent effect, whereas each substitution at the DNA-binding site, M270T and R274Q, resulted in the lowest stimulation by BER proteins. The data uncovered differences in the effects of BER proteins on APE1, indicating an important role of protein–protein interactions in the coordination of the repair pathway.
According to the Energy Program of Russia until 2030, the formation of coal power is associated with large thermal power plants on low-grade coals and supercritical steam parameters. An increase in the proportion of low-quality coal leads to a sharp increase in toxic emissions in flue gases, liquid effluents and ash and slag waste.

The article considers the scientific and technical bases and circuit solutions for the creation of environmentally friendly thermal power plants (EFTPP) on the Berezovsky coal of the Kansko-Achinsk Basin (KAB) with vortex combustion technology based on the principle of a multi-complex with the production of not only the main products (electric and thermal energy), but additional waste with consumer properties. Multi-product complex (MPC) is a series of road construction plants and agricultural enterprises, associated with the TPP and efficiently using wastes for construction, metallurgy and various agricultural products.

The performed calculations and analysis of technical and economic indicators have shown that with the existing equipment, prices and tariffs for the products, the EFTPP will pay off more than two times during the life cycle. After 8 years from the beginning of construction the MPC starts generating profit.
Individual behavioral differences are due to an interaction of the genotype and the environment. Phenotypic manifestation of aggressive behavior depends on the coordinated expression of gene ensembles. Nonetheless, the identification of these genes and of combinations of their mutual influence on expression remains a difficult task.

Using animal models of aggressive behavior (gray rats that were selected for a reaction to humans; tame and aggressive rat strains), we evaluated the expression of 10 genes potentially associated with aggressiveness according to the literature: Cacna1b, Cacna2d3, Drd2, Egr1, Gad2, Gria2, Mapk1, Nos1, Pomc, and Syn1. To identify the genes most important for the manifestation of aggressiveness, we analyzed the expression of these genes in two generations of rats: 88th and 90th. Assessment of gene expression levels was carried out by real-time PCR in the hypothalamus of tame and aggressive rats.

This analysis confirmed that 4 out of the 10 genes differ in expression levels between aggressive rats and tame rats in both generations. Specifically, it was shown that the expression of the Cacna1b, Drd2, Egr1, and Gad2 genes does not differ between the two generations (88th vs 90th) within each strain, but significantly differs between the strains: in the tame rats of both generations, the expression levels of these genes are significantly lower as compared to those in the aggressive rats. Therefore, these genes hold promise for further studies on behavioral characteristics. Thus, we confirmed polygenic causes of phenotypic manifestation of aggressive reactions.
The necessity for studies and sharing the experience of Russian academic university libraries in collection development is substantiated.

The main trends for the collection development in the 21-st century are revealed and examined as the case study of Novosibirsk State University Library. The authors specify the trends of modernization, globalization, collection development with digital publications, and the increasing share of the latter in the Library's acquisitions and, correspondingly, in the collection, on the whole. They also emphasize the relations and mutual dependence of these and other trends within the collection development process. The factors of successful collection development at the Library are recommended to be implemented by other libraries. High professional competences of collection development specialists and other librarians, the wide range of the collection development sources and their stability, and university administration's special care of the library collections are specified among these factors.

The authors conclude that Novosibirsk State University Library has accumulated great experience in collection development in the circumstances of information society, advance of information technologies, expanding globalization, university integration into the global education, science and research environment. This experience can be shared with many other university libraries.
This paper reports on experimental study of the flow in a model combustion chamber using planar optical methods. The flow was organized by model GT-premixer produced by JSC “EUC-Aviadvigatel”, Perm, Russia. The measurements were carried out in a cold flow without combustion at elevated pressure of 2 atm and air flow rate up to 0.5 kg/s. Acetone vapor was seeded to the flow as a tracer of model fuel. The distributions of local concentration were measured using planar laser-induced fluorescence approach. To measure velocity fields by particle image velocimetry technique, water-glycerol particles were introduced to the air flow. Two series of experiments were accomplished for design and off-design conditions. The pressure drop at the GT-premixer was the same for these two cases. The results for off-design conditions show that fuel concentration distribution drastically depends on the scheme of fuel supply.
Philosophy and mathematics go hand by hand from at least the time of Plato. Despite differences in their subject matter, they share their strife for truth and attitude towards deductive reasoning.

The paper aims to highlight these points and demonstrate the changes mathematical education underwent in its birthplace, the Egyptian Alexandria, in Late Antiquity, the changes which affected both its content and the way of presentation, influenced by the Neoplatonic method of commentary. The figures discussed in the paper — the mathematicians of the fourth century Pappus, Theon and Hypatia — both actively participated in the process of commenting on the classical works of Euclid, Apollonius, Ptolemy, Aratus, and Diophantus and made their own, although minor and mostly methodological, contributions to arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and harmonics.

The points are further illustrated by a selection of fragments from the Neoplatonic Damascius, who in his lost Philosophical history presents us with the whole gallery of philosophical portraits in Athens, Alexandria and elsewhere, such as mysterious and ascetic Isidore, pragmatic Asclepiadotus and Hegias, sober and diligent Marinus, the successor of Proclus, who, unlike his teacher, in his exegeses of the Parmenides thought that the dialogue deals with species rather than gods.
The p53 protein regulates a whole class of microRNAs – highly conserved small RNA molecules that affect gene expression mainly by suppressing translation. МicroRNAs play an important role in all cellular processes and can have both oncosuppressive and pro-oncogenic properties. Impaired expression of p53-activated oncosuppressive micrornas in various tumors may be associated with specific epigenetic mechanisms (DNA methylation and histone deacetylation).

The search for available literary sources published in the Pubmed and RISC databases was carried out. A total of 399 articles were found, of which 62 were included in this review.

Thus, the data presented in the review clarify the current understanding of the work of the regulatory network of the p53 protein and the micrornas activated by it, and also emphasize the functional association of p53-responsive microRNAs.
We report a systematic computational study focused on the global minimum and low-lying isomer search for the P2E3(-) (E = N, P, As, Sb, Bi) series of anions. We found nine planar five-membered rings and proved their aromatic character by various quantum chemical techniques. The possible use of two different P2N3(-) aromatic anions as ligands in a number of sandwich complexes was also studied.
PARP1 and PARP2 are implicated in the synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) after detection of DNA damage.

The specificity of PARP1 and PARP2 interaction with long DNA fragments containing single- and/or double-strand breaks (SSBs and DSBs) have been studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging in combination with biochemical approaches. The enhancement of binding affinity of PARP2 for DNA containing a single nick was also observed using fluorescence titration.

Our data show that PARP1 localizes mainly on DNA breaks and exhibits a slight preference for nicks over DSBs, although the protein has a moderately high affinity for undamaged DNA. In contrast to PARP1, PARP2 is mainly detected at a single DNA nick site, exhibiting a low level of binding to undamaged DNA and DSBs. AFM studies reveal that activation of both PARPs leads to the synthesis of highly branched PAR whose size depends strongly on the presence of SSBs and DSBs for PARP1 and of SSBs for PARP2. The initial affinity between the PARP1, PARP2 and the DNA damaged site appears to influence both the size of the PAR synthesized and the time of residence of PARylated PARP1 and PARP2 on DNA damages.
AWAKE, the Advanced Proton-Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment, is a proof-of-principle R&D experiment at CERN using a 400 GeV/c proton beam from the CERN SPS (longitudinal beam size sigma_z = 12 cm) which will be sent into a 10 m long plasma section with a nominal density of approx. 7x10^14 atoms/cm3 (plasma wavelength lambda_p = 1.2mm). In this paper we show that by measuring the time integrated transverse profile of the proton bunch at two locations downstream of the AWAKE plasma, information about the occurrence of the self-modulation instability (SMI) can be inferred. In particular we show that measuring defocused protons with an angle of 1 mrad corresponds to having electric fields in the order of GV/m and fully developed self-modulation of the proton bunch. Additionally, by measuring the defocused beam edge of the self-modulated bunch, information about the growth rate of the instability can be extracted. If hosing instability occurs, it could be detected by measuring a non-uniform defocused beam shape with changing radius. Using a 1 mm thick Chromox scintillation screen for imaging of the self-modulated proton bunch, an edge resolution of 0.6 mm and hence a SMI saturation point resolution of 1.2 m can be achieved.