Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Three chemical kinetic models for hydrogen combustion in oxygen and three gas-dynamic models for reactive mixture flow behind the initiating SW front were analyzed. The calculated results were compared with experimental data on the dependences of the ignition delay on the temperature and the dilution of the mixture with argon or nitrogen. Based on detailed kinetic mechanisms of nonequilibrium chemical transformations, a mathematical technique for describing the ignition and combustion of hydrogen in air was developed using the ANSYS Fluent code. The problem of ignition of a hydrogen jet fed coaxially into supersonic flow was solved numerically. The calculations were carried out using the Favre-averaged Navier–Stokes equations for a multi-species gas taking into account chemical reactions combined with the k-ω SST turbulence model. The problem was solved in several steps. In the first step, verification of the calculated and experimental data for the three kinetic schemes was performed without considering the conicity of the flow. In the second step, parametric calculations were performed to determine the influence of the conicity of the flow on the mixing and ignition of hydrogen in air using a kinetic scheme consisting of 38 reactions. Three conical supersonic nozzles for a Mach number M = 2 with different expansion angles β = 4°, 4.5°, and 5° were considered.
Age-Related Hearing Impairment (ARHI) is one of the frequent sensory disorders registered in 50% of individuals over 80 years. ARHI is a multifactorial disorder due to environmental and poor-known genetic components. In this study, we present the data on age-related hearing impairment of 48 heterozygous carriers of mutation IVS1+1G>A (GJB2 gene) and 97 subjects with GJB2 genotype wt/wt in the Republic of Sakha/Yakutia (Eastern Siberia, Russia). This subarctic territory was found as the region with the most extensive accumulation of mutation IVS1+1G>A in the world as a result of founder effect in the unique Yakut population isolate. The GJB2 gene resequencing and detailed audiological analysis in the frequency range 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 kHz were performed in all examined subjects that allowed to investigate genotype-phenotype correlations between the presence of single mutation IVS1+1G>A and hearing of subjects from examined groups. We revealed the linear correlation between increase of average hearing thresholds at speech frequencies (PTA0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 kHz) and age of individuals with GJB2 genotype IVS1+1G>A/wt (rs = 0.499, p = 0.006860 for males and rs = 0.427, p = 0.000277 for females). Moreover, the average hearing thresholds on high frequency (8.0 kHz) in individuals with genotype IVS1+1G>A/wt (both sexes) were significantly worse than in individuals with genotype wt/wt (pA/wt was estimated to be ∼40 years (rs = 0.504, p = 0.003). These findings demonstrate that the single IVS1+1G>A mutation (GJB2) is associated with age-related hearing impairment (ARHI) of the IVS1+1G>A carriers in the Yakuts.
GeO2/Ge/InxGa1−xAs heterostructures grown on (100) GaAs substrates were studied using Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Both nearly pseudomorphic tensile-strained and nearly completely relaxed Ge films were grown and studied. The maximum tensile strain for Ge films with a thickness of ≈7 nm reaches 2.25%. PL data confirm the conclusions that the band gap offset of Ge/InxGa1−xAs is sensitive to the polarity of the bonds at the interface, and also to a parameter of x and the relaxation of strain. Depending on these parameters, the Ge/InxGa1−xAs may be type-I or type-II heterostructures.
The decay B 0 → DK *0 and the charge conjugate mode are studied using 1.0 fb −1 of pp collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at $ \sqrt{s}=7 $ TeV in 2011.

The CP asymmetry between the B 0 → DK *0 and the $ {{\overline{B}}^0}\to D{{\overline{K}}^{*0 }} $ decay rates, with the neutral D meson in the CP -even final state K + K − , is found to be $ \mathcal{A}_d^{KK }=-0.45\pm 0.23\pm 0.02, $ where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. In addition, favoured B 0 → DK *0 decays are reconstructed with the D meson in the non- CP eigenstate K + π − . The ratio of the B -flavour averaged decay rates in D decays to CP and non- CP eigenstates is measured to be $ \mathcal{R}_d^{KK }=1.36_{-0.32}^{+0.37}\pm 0.07, $ where the ratio of the branching fractions of D 0 → K − π + to D 0 → K + K − decays is included as multiplicative factor.

The CP asymmetries measured with two control channels, the favoured B 0 → DK *0 decay with D → K + π − and the $ \overline{B}_s^0\to D{K^{*0 }} $ decay with D → K + K − , arealsoreported.
The paper considers the paleohydrogeochemistry of the Upper Jurassic sediments of the Arctic regions of Western Siberia. On the territory under investigation during the late Jurassic marine sedimentation was predominate, the sea depths reached 400 m in the Volga time. Under these conditions, syngenetic sodium thalassogenic chloride waters were buried, in some places with a high content of magnesium, the salinity of which reached 35-40 g/dm3.

A comparative analysis of the buried syngenetic waters of the Oxford basin and data on the modern hydrogeochemistry of groundwater of the Upper Jurassic aquiferous complex revealed very significant differences. The analysis of distribution value the total mineralization allowed to establish areas of positive and negative anomalies.

In the first case, most of the anomalies are associated with the processes of vertical discharge of groundwater of the Lower Middle Jurassic and Paleozoic aquifers in the zones of tectonic disturbances. Negative anomalies regularly trace the clay boundary of the Oxford regional reservoir, expanding significantly in the north-east direction. Their nature is associated with the development of processes of elision water exchange and thermal dehydration of clay minerals.
Escherichia coli endonuclease III (Endo III or Nth) is a DNA glycosylase with a broad substrate specificity for oxidized or reduced pyrimidine bases. Endo III possesses two types of activities: N-glycosylase (hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond) and AP lyase (elimination of the 3′-phosphate of the AP-site). Background: Endonuclease III is responsible for base excision repair of oxidized or reduced pyrimidine bases.

We report a pre-steady-state kinetic analysis of structural rearrangements of the DNA substrates and uncleavable ligands during their interaction with Endo III. Oligonucleotide duplexes containing 5,6-dihydrouracil, a natural abasic site, its tetrahydrofuran analog, and undamaged duplexes carried fluorescent DNA base analogs 2-aminopurine and 1,3-diaza-2-oxophenoxazine as environment-sensitive reporter groups. Results: Stopped-flow kinetics analysis of endonuclease III interaction with DNA was performed.

The results suggest that Endo III induces several fast sequential conformational changes in DNA during binding, lesion recognition, and adjustment to a catalytically competent conformation. A comparison of two fluorophores allowed us to distinguish between the events occurring in the damaged and undamaged DNA strand. Combining our data with the available structures of Endo III, we conclude that this glycosylase uses a multistep mechanism of damage recognition, which likely involves Gln41 and Leu81 as DNA lesion sensors. Conclusion: Endonuclease III uses a multistep mechanism of damage recognition, which likely involves Gln41 and Leu81 as lesion sensors. Significance: The results provide new insight into the mechanism of damage recognition by DNA glycosylases of the helix-hairpin-helix-GPD structural superfamily.
We demonstrate numerically and analytically that the twisting of the 7-core hexagonal fiber leads to an increase in the efficiency of pulse combining and to a reduction of the distance along the fiber to the combining point.
A series of berberine and tetrahydroberberine sulfonate derivatives were prepared and tested against the tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) DNA-repair enzyme. The berberine derivatives inhibit the Tdp1 enzyme in the low micromolar range; this is the first reported berberine based Tdp1 inhibitor. A structure–activity relationship analysis revealed the importance of bromine substitution in the 12-position on the tetrahydroberberine scaffold. Furthermore, it was shown that the addition of a sulfonate group containing a polyfluoroaromatic moiety at position 9 leads to increased potency, while most of the derivatives containing an alkyl fragment at the same position were not active. According to the molecular modeling, the bromine atom in position 12 forms a hydrogen bond to histidine 493, a key catalytic residue. The cytotoxic effect of topotecan, a clinically important topoisomerase 1 inhibitor, was doubled in the cervical cancer HeLa cell line by derivatives 11g and 12g; both displayed low toxicity without topotecan. Derivatives 11g and 12g can therefore be used for further development to sensitize the action of clinically relevant Topo1 inhibitors.
Spring bread wheat is the staple crop in Western Siberia and Kazakhstan, a significant portion of which goes for export. Wheat breeding with a high level of zinc in wheat grain is the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly way to address zinc deficiency in the diet. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the contribution of the factors ‘location’ and ‘genotype’ in the variability of zinc content in wheat grain, and to identify the best varieties as sources of this trait for breeding. The research on screening zinc content in the wheat grain of 49 spring bread wheat varieties from the KazakhstanSiberia Spring Wheat Trial (KASIB) nursery was carried out at 4 sites in Russia (Chelyabinsk, Omsk, Tyumen, Novosibirsk) and 2 sites in Kazakhstan (Karabalyk and Shortandy) in 2017–2018. The content of zinc in wheat grain was evaluated at the Ionomic Facility of University of Nottingham in the framework of the EU project European Plant Phenotyping Network-2020. The analysis of variance showed that the main contribution into the general phenotypic variation of the studied trait, 38.7 %, was made by the factor ‘location’ due to different contents of zinc and moisture in the soil of trial sites; the effect of the factor ‘year’ was 13.5 %, and the effect of the factor ‘genotype’ was 8.0 %. The most favorable environmental conditions for accumulation of zinc in wheat grain were observed in the Omsk region. In Omsk, the average zinc content in all studied varieties was 50.4 mg/kg, with 63.7 mg/kg in the best variety ‘OmGAU 100’. These values are higher than the target values of the international program Harvest Plus. ‘Novosibirskaya 16’ (49.4 mg/kg), ‘Silach’ (48.4 mg/kg), ‘Line 4-10-16’ (47.2 mg/kg), ‘Element 22’ (46.3 mg/kg) and ‘Lutescens 248/01’ (46.0 mg/kg) were identified as being the best varieties. Significant possibilities for the production of wheat grain with high zinc content, which is in demand for the production of bread and pastry products with functional properties, were identified in the Western Siberian region.
The article focuses on Russian constitutional ideology with overview of its historical preconditions and analysis of recent significant cases of the Russian Constitutional Court. There is a discussion of gay activist Alekseyev’s case and “foreign agents’ law” case in constitutional practice as most significant examples of positivistic way of legal reasoning. The paper argues that legal positivism through its form – legal formalism is the main ideology in the modern constitutional practice in Russia. This ideology is based on the assumption that constitutional justice can find social truth. German positivistic and Soviet Marxist views have strongly determined the modern Russian constitutional discourse.
Chromosome level assemblies are accumulating in various taxonomic groups including mosquitoes. However, even in the few reference-quality mosquito assemblies, a significant portion of the heterochromatic regions including telomeres remain unresolved.

Here we produce a de novo assembly of the New World malaria mosquito, Anopheles albimanus by integrating Oxford Nanopore sequencing, Illumina, Hi-C and optical mapping. This 172.6 Mbps female assembly, which we call AalbS3, is obtained by scaffolding polished large contigs (contig N50 = 13.7 Mbps) into three chromosomes. These telomeres consist of tandem repeats of a novel 30-32 bp Telomeric Repeat Unit (TRU) and are confirmed by analyzing the termini of long reads and through both chromosomal in situ hybridization and a Bal31 sensitivity assay.

All chromosome arms end with telomeric repeats, which is the first in mosquito assemblies and represents a significant step toward the completion of a genome assembly. The AalbS3 assembly included previously uncharacterized centromeric and rDNA clusters and more than doubled the content of transposable elements and other repetitive sequences. This telomere-to-telomere assembly, although still containing gaps, represents a significant step toward resolving biologically important but previously hidden genomic components. The comparison of different scaffolding methods will also inform future efforts to obtain reference-quality genomes for other mosquito species.
Information on Jurassic palynomorphs from the Greater Caucasus is potentially of great importance, but its availability to the international research community is severely limited.

New palynological data for Toarcian deposits of the Western Caucasus are recorded in the present paper. Particularly, dinoflagellate cysts are described for the first time from the Bagovskaja Formation; palynomorphs are found in sandstone levels within this unit. The most representative assemblage includes pollen (with predominant bisaccate pollen), spores ( Cyathidites being commonest), and dinoflagellate cysts amongst which the predominant taxon is Nannoceratopsis spiculata .

The dinocyst assemblage implies a late Toarcian age for the upper part of the Bagovskaja Formation. On the basis of these new palynostratigraphical results, the range of the formation is extended; previously, only the lower part had been dated on ammonite evidence.
The prompt production of the charmonium $χ_{c1}$ and $χ_{c2}$ mesons has been studied in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV. The $χ_c$ mesons are identified through their decays $χ_c\to J/ψ\,γ$ with $J/ψ\to μ^+ μ^-$ using 36 $\mathrm{pb^{-1}}$ of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for the two $χ_c$ spin states, $σ(χ_{c2})/σ(χ_{c1})$, has been determined as a function of the $J/ψ$ transverse momentum, $p_{\mathrm{T}}^{J/ψ}$, in the range from 2 to 15 GeV/$c$. The results are in agreement with the next-to-leading order non-relativistic QCD model at high $p_{\mathrm{T}}^{J/ψ}$ and lie consistently above the pure leading-order colour singlet prediction.
Ability to shape associations between visual stimuli and a reward under conditions of mass and spaced trainings have been studied for the first time in wild Djungarian hamsters. In a case of a simple task (“spot vs no spot”) 7 from 9 animals solved the problem under condition of mass training, whereas under condition of space training only one individual was successful. In a case of more complex task (“a lesser spot vs a greater one”) 4 from 9 animals were successful under condition of mass training. Taking into account our previous study of Ph.sungorus’s ability to evaluate sets of geometric figures, one can suggest that evaluation of visual stimuli in details is above cognitive competence of this species. Comparative psychological analysis of experimental studies enables us to consider this species a sort of “benchmark”, at least when discriminations of visual stimuli are concerned. In contrast to majority of rodent species as well as genetic lines, the Djungarian hamsters learn to discriminate visual stimuli under conditions of mass training only, that is, they have “short memories”.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the most frequent cardiovascular diseases but no methods to prevent its progression have been developed.

We generated two iPSC lines from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of an HCM patient with heterozygous p.M659I mutation in MYH7 using episomal vectors. The iPSC lines expressed pluripotency markers, demonstrated ability to spontaneously differentiate into derivatives of three germ layers, and retained the mutation.

Cardiomyocytes derived from patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells can become a platform to study pathogenesis of the disease and to search for more effective therapy methods.
The proof of the multi-Regge form of multiple production amplitudes in the next-to-leading logarithmic approximation is presented for Yang-Mills theories with fermions and scalars in any representations of the color group and with any Yukawa-type interaction. Explicit expressions for the Reggeized gauge boson trajectory, the Reggeon vertices, and the impact factors are given. Fulfillment of the bootstrap conditions is proved.
Development of the mathematical models that adequately describe biochemical reactions and molecular-genetic mechanisms is one of the most important tasks in modern bioinformatics. Because the enzyme adenylosuccinate synthetase (AdSS) has long been extensively studied, a wealth of kinetic data has been accumulated. We describe a mathematical model for the reaction catalyzed by AdSS. The model's parameters were fitted to experimental data obtained from published literature. The advantage of our model is that it includes relationships between the reaction rate, the concentrations of three substrates (GTP, IMP and ASP), the effects of five inhibitors (GMP, GDP, AMP, ASUC and SUCC), and the influence of Mg2+ ions. Our model describes the reaction catalyzed by AdSS as a fully random process. The model structure implies that each of the inhibitors included in it is only competitive to one of the substrates. The model was tested for adequacy using experimental data published elsewhere. The values obtained for the parameters are as follows: V max = 1.35·10-3 mM/min, Km GTP = 0.023 mM, Km IMP = 0.02 mM, Km ASP = 0.3 mM, Ki GMP = 0.024 mM, Ki GDP = 8·10-3 mM, Ki AMP = 0.01 mM, Ki ASUC = 7.5·10-3 mM, Ki SUCC = 8 mM, Km Mg = 0.08 mM.
The sustainability of farming and animal welfare requires the reconsideration of current selection schemes. In particular, implementation of new selection criteria related to animal health and welfare should help to produce more robust animals and to reduce anti-microbial use. The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis plays a major role in metabolic regulation and adaptation processes and its activity is strongly influenced by genetic factors. A positive association between HPA axis activity and robustness was recently described.

To explore whether selecting pigs upon HPA axis activity could increase their robustness, a divergent selection experiment was carried out in the Large White pig breed. This allowed the generation of low (HPAlo) and high (HPAhi) responders to adrenocorticotropic hormone administration.In this study, we compared 23 hematologic and immune parameters of 6-week-old, HPAlo and HPAhi piglets and analysed their response to a low dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) two weeks later.

Divergent selection upon HPA axis activity modulated hematologic and immune parameters in 6-week-old pigs, which may confer an advantage to HPAhi pigs at weaning. However, HPAlo and HPAhi piglets did not exhibit major differences in the parameters analysed two weeks later, i. e. in 8-week-old pigs. In conclusion, chronic exposure to high cortisol levels in HPAhi pigs does not negatively impact immunity.
Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.35 fb−1 collected by LHCb in 2011

we report the first evidence of CP violation in the decays of B0s mesons to K±π∓ pairs, ACP(B0s→Kπ)=0.27±0.08(stat)±0.02(syst), with a significance of 3.3σ. Furthermore, we report the most precise measurement of CP violation in the decays of B0 mesons to K±π∓ pairs, ACP(B0→Kπ)=−0.088±0.011(stat)±0.008(syst), with a significance exceeding 6σ

Received 29 February 2012DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.201601This article is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.© 2012 CERN, for the LHCb Collaboration
The Pancake graph is well known because of the open Pancake problem. It has the structure that any l –cycle, 6 ≤ l ≤ n ! , can be embedded in the Pancake graph P n , n ≥ 3 . Recently it was shown that there are exactly n ! / 6 independent 6 –cycles and n !( n − 3) distinct 7 –cycles in the graph.

In this paper we characterize all distinct 8 –cycles by giving their canonical forms as products of generating elements.

It is shown that there are exactly n !( n 3 + 12 n 2 − 103 n + 176) / 16 distinct 8 –cycles in P n , n ≥ 4 . A maximal set of independent 8 –cycles contains n ! / 8 of these.
Measurements are carried at central plane over the entire tube, with 1-2 millimeter step in transverse direction and with 10 millimeter step along the tube.

Longitudinal and tangential components of the mean velocity field inside the Ranque tube of square cross section are presented for a central longitudinal section. The data is presented in the form of velocity maps.
Wasserstoffbrücken zwischen Ionen wurden anhand der Messung von Deuteron-Quadrupol-Kopplungskonstanten (DQCCs) für protische ionische Flüssigkeiten (PILs) mit Festkörper-NMR-Spektroskopie charakterisiert. In ihrer Zuschrift auf S. 14500 identifizieren D. I. Kolokolov, R. Ludwig et al. diesen NMR-Parameter als einen empfindlichen Indikator für die doppelt ionischen Wasserstoffbrücken in PILs. Die Illustration zeigt die NMR-Spektren als Brücken zwischen den entgegengesetzt geladenen Ionen und als Übergang zur skizzierten Gebirgslandschaft im Bildhintergrund.
Lipid metabolism is crucial in physiology. In recent decades the model object Drosophila melanogaster has been actively used in the study of the fundamental issues of lipid metabolism and its disorders, including obesity, as well as in the search for therapeutic goals for the treatment of metabolic disorders in humans. Quick and accurate quantification of lipid content is an important step in solving these problems. For the first time the method of quantitative measurement of total lipids with the use of the sulfophosphovanillin (SPV) method was described by Zöllner and colleagues in 1962, and adapted for insects by Van Handel on females of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti . The advantages of this method compared to traditional gravimetric and chromatographic methods of analysis are the use of a small amount of biological material, lack of need for complex manipulations with the sample, its high sensitivity, reproducibility and simplicity of implementation with a minimum set of equipment. Here, a modification of the Van Handel protocol is described, which allows the method to be adapted for quantitative determination of total lipids for various organisms as exemplified a widely used model, D. melanogaster . To test the effectiveness of the modified method, we measured the content of total lipids in D. melanogaster females carrying hypomorphic mutations of the dilp6 and dfoxo insulin signaling pathway genes compared to the wild-type Canton-S line, and showed that dilp6 took part in the regulation of fat metabolism, while dfoxo did not. The results obtained emphasize the effectiveness of the colorimetric method with the use of SPV reaction and spectrophotometry for the quantitative analysis of total lipids.