Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Cold and frost are two serious factors limiting the yield of many crops worldwide, including the tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze). The acclimatization of tea plant from tropical to temperate climate regions resulted in unique germplasm in the North-Western Caucasus with extremely frost-tolerant genotypes.

The aim of the current research was to evaluate the physiological, biochemical and genetic responses of tolerant and sensitive tea cultivars exposed to cold (0 to +2 °C for 7 days) and frost (-6 to -8 °C for 5 days). Relative water content, cell membranes integrity, pH of the cell sap, water soluble protein, cations, sugars, amino acids were measured under cold and frost. Comparative expression of the following genes ICE1, CBF1, WRKY2, DHN1, DHN2, DHN3, NAC17, NAC26, NAC30, SnRK1.1, SnRK1.2, SnRK1.3, bHLH7, bHLH43, P5CS, LOX1, LOX6, LOX7 were analyzed.

We found elevated protein (by 3-4 times) and cations (potassium, calcium and magnesium) contents in the leaves of both cultivars under cold and frost treatments. Meanwhile, Leu, Met, Val, Thr, Ser were increased under cold and frost, however tolerant cv. Gruzinskii7 showed earlier accumulation of these amino acids. Out of 18 studied genes, 11 were expressed at greater level in the frost- tolerant cultivar comparing with frost-sensitive one: ICE1, CBF1, WRKY2, DHN2, NAC17, NAC26, SnRK1.1, SnRK1.3, bHLH43, P5CS and LOX6. Positive correlations between certain amino acids namely, Met, Thr, Leu and Ser and studied genes were found. Taken together, the revealed cold responses in Caucasian tea cultivars help better understanding of tea tolerance to low temperature stress and role of revealed metabolites need to be further evaluated in different tea genotypes.
Aim . To study the risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) according to a 14-year prospective cohort study in Siberia. Material and methods . Based on the data from the Russian arm of the HAPIEE project, we assessed all-cause deaths occurred by 2017 in the population cohort examined at baseline in 2003-2005 (n=9273). The baseline examination included the assessment of blood pressure (BP), anthropometry, levels of fasting triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and blood glucose. The fatal cases in the studied cohort were identified from “Medical death certificates” for the period from February 1, 2003 to December 31, 2017, based on data from the Department of Civil Registration of Death Acts. Cardiovascular death was established using the International Classification of Diseases, the 10th revision (ICD-10): I (0-99). Results . The mortality rate in subjects with MS was 16,6% — 751 deaths (25,1% in men and 11,5% in women), and it was 20-30% higher than in those without MS. Cardiovascular mortality in subjects with MS was 12,6% — 572 deaths (20,5% in men and 8,9% in women), and it was nearly 30% higher than in those without MS. Multivariable Cox regression revealed that among the components of MS, the elevated BP level even with BP ≥135/80 mm Hg had the major impact on increasing the risk of all-cause mortality (HR=1,7 (1,4; 2,1) in men; HR=2,2 (1,7; 2,8) in women) and increasing the risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR=2,2 (1,5; 3,0) in men and HR=2,8 (1,8; 4.3) in women). Among men, already 1 component of MS increased the risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality by 2,0 or more times; among women, 2-4 components of MS increased the risk of death by 3 times, and 5 components — by 4. Conclusion . In the studied population sample, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality during the 14-year follow-up in individuals with MS was about 25-30% higher compared to those without MS. The risk of cardiovascular and all-cause deaths in subjects with MS is comparable to the risk in case of blood pressure ≥135/80 mm Hg. With an increase in the number of MS components from 1 to 5, the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular death increases.
The spectrum of atomic levels of hydrogen-like ions originating from the lowest Landau level in an external homogeneous superstrong magnetic field is obtained. The influence of the screening of the Coulomb potential on the values of critical nuclear charges is studied.
FeatureScan is a software package aiming to reveal novel types of DNA sequence similarity by comparing physico-chemical properties. Thirty-eight different parameters of DNA double strands such as charge, melting enthalpy, conformational parameters and the like are provided. As input FeatureScan requires two sequences, a pattern sequence and a target sequence, search conditions are set by selecting a specific DNA parameter and a threshold value. Search results are displayed in FASTA format and directly linked to external genome databases/browsers (ENSEMBL, NCBI, UCSC). An Internet version of FeatureScan is accessible at http://genome.gbf.de/featurescan/ . As part of the HOBIT initiative ( http://hobit.sourceforge.net/ ) FeatureScan is also accessible as a web service at its above home page. Currently, several preloaded genomes are provided at this Internet website ( Homo sapiens , Mus musculus , Rattus norvegicus and four strains of Escherichia coli ) as target sequences. Standalone executables of FeatureScan are available on request.
According to the classification of O. I. Kura, Scythian swords with a narrow butterfly-shaped crosshair and volute-like pommel are included in Group III, Type II A2 dating from the end of the 5th – 4th centuries BC, which corresponds to the boundary between the Podgorny and Saragashen stages of the Tagar culture. The earliest form of sword hilts with typologically similar forms of crosshairs (kidney-shaped, heart-shaped, butterfly-shaped) with bar-shaped pommels appeared in the North Caucasus in the first half of the 7th century BC. On the territory of the Minusinsk Basin, most morphologically similar daggers are usually dated to the 6th – 4th centuries BC. Before the discovery of the Krasnoyarsk sword, long-bladed iron weapons were not known there. At the same time, swords of the Scythian time were found in the nearest regions of Altai and Kazakhstan.

The article is devoted to the characteristics of a double-edged iron sword, which can be attributed to the unique phenomena of the early Iron Age of the Minusinsk Basin. According to its morphological characteristics, the sword is an increased technological modification of the traditional Tagar dagger. The total length of the sword is 59.5 cm; the width of the lenticular blade in cross-section is about 7 cm. The handle with a volute-like pommel is separated from the blade by a narrow butterfly-shaped crosshair. The length of the hilt is 8 cm, which corresponds to the size of the hilts of most Scythian swords. This is a very small size, since in men the average palm width is about 12 cm. Probably, the rounded outlines of the pommel and narrow crosshairs allow, due to their shape, to hold the short handle of a heavy sword more tightly.

The later appearance of the technology for processing iron in the Minusinsk Basin makes it possible to consider the Krasnoyarsk sword an import item. According to another hypothesis, it belongs to the period of the late 3rd – 2nd centuries BC, when local craftsmen mastered the processing of iron and began to make massive quantities of weapons and tools from low-carbon steel. In doing so, they copied traditional archaic forms.
Анализ экспрессии гена Q, контролирующего основные признаки, по которым человек вел отбор у пшениц (род Triticum L.) в процессе доместикации и селекции, показал, что формирование морфологии колоса возделываемых видов пшениц действительно зависит от уровня экспрессии этого гена. На основании результатов работы установлено, что кроме нарушения в позиции 329 Q белка на его функцию и морфологию колоса пшениц также оказывают влияние другие факторы и гены.
The photo-oxidation of the nucleobase, thymine (Thy), and nucleoside, thymidine (dThy), by dipyridyl (DP) has been investigated in aqueous solution using time-resolved laser flash photolysis. The pH dependence of the oxidation rate constants is measured within a large pH scale. As a consequence, the chemical reactivity of the reactants existing in solution at a certain range of pH is predicted. Bimolecular rate constants of the quenching reactions between triplet dipyridyl and thymine and thymidine are, respectively, kq = 2.4 × 10(7) M(-1) s(-1) (pH < 5.8) and kq = 1.0 × 10(7) M(-1) s(-1) (5.8 < pH < 9.8). Cyclic voltammetry was used to measure the potentials of thymine oxidation and dipyridyl reduction in water at pH < 7. Both results give hints for a proton coupled electron-transfer (PCET) reaction from thymine to triplet dipyridyl.
Drosophila melanogaster is one of the popular model organisms in DNA replication studies. Since the 1960s, DNA replication of polytene chromosomes has been extensively studied by cytological methods. In the recent two decades, the progress in our understanding of DNA replication was associated with new techniques. Use of fluorescent dyes increased the resolution of cytological methods significantly. High-throughput methods allowed analysis of DNA replication on a genome scale, as well as its correlation with chromatin structure and gene activi ty. Precise mapping of the cytological structures of polytene chromosomes to the genome assembly allowed comparison of replication between polytene chromosomes and chromosomes of diploid cells. New features of replication characteristic for D. melanogaster were described for both diploid and polytene chromosomes. Comparison of genomic replication profiles revealed a significant similarity between Drosophila and other well-studi ed eukaryotic species, such as human. Early replication is often confined to intensely transcribed gene-dense regions characterized by multiple replication initiation sites. Features of DNA replication in Drosophila might be explained by a compact genome. The organization of replication in polytene chromosomes has much in common with the organization of replication in chromosomes in diploid cells. The most important feature of replication in polytene chromosomes is its low rate and the dependence of S-phase duration on many factors: external and internal, local and global. The speed of replication forks in D. melanogaster polytene chromosomes is affected by SUUR and Rif1 proteins. It is not known yet how universal the mechanisms associated with these factors are, but their study is very promising.
Ethanol steam reforming catalyst’s precursors, i.e., nanocomposites of complex oxides with the general formula [Pr 0.15 Sm 0.15 Ce 0.35 Zr 0.35 O 2 + LaMn 0.45 Ni 0.45 Ru 0.1 O 3 ] (1:1 by mass), were synthesized by three different methods. It was shown that two synthesis methods – ultrasonic dispersion and sequential polymeric method, lead to the formation of the nanocomposite perovskite–fluorite system with the specific surface area up to 50 m 2 /g. Reduction of samples at 400–500°C lead to the formation of Ni–Ru alloy nanoparticles strongly bound with the surface of oxide nanocomposite. Catalytic tests in ethanol steam reforming reaction at 500–600°C showed the highest specific activity of the sample prepared by the sequential polymeric method due to the location of Ni- and Ru-containing perovskite mainly on the surface of the composite providing a high concentration of active metal centers. At higher temperatures for all samples, ethanol conversion approached 100% with hydrogen yield varying in the range of 65–75%. A study of spent catalysts confirmed the absence of carbon deposits after long-term catalytic tests at 650°C.
Objective – is to study the dynamics of blood pressure (BP) in the indigenous population of the Shors in response to the antihypertensive therapy with a β-blocker (metoprolol succinate), taking into account the polymorphism of the candidate genes of the sympathetic adrenal system (ADRB1 and ADRA2B).

Design and methods. The study of the indigenous population (the Shors) living in the areas of Mountain Shoria (Kemerovo region) was carried out. Using continuous sampling method, 901 people (18 years old and above) were examined. Measurement of blood pressure was carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the Russian Society of Cardiology / the Russian Society of Hypertension (2010). The survey allowed identifying the number of respondents with arterial hypertension (AH) for further observation - 367 people (40.7%). The second screening was performed one year after the patients were included in the study. The criterion for putting the patient under prospective observation was regular intake of the medication prescribed (162 people). Antihypertensive therapy was prescribed by a cardiologist according to the recommendations of the Russian Society of Cardiology /the Russian Society of Hypertension (2010). It included taking a β1-selective medication, metoprolol succinate, from the group of β-adrenergic blockers in a dose of 100 mg per day. Gene polymorphism ADRB1 (c.145A> G, Ser49Gly, rs1801252) and ADRA2B (I/D, rs28365031) were tested using polymerase chain reaction.

Results . The study of the indigenous population proves that there is an association between carrying the A allele in the homozygous state of the ADRB1 gene and achieving the target level of blood pressure (OR = 2.36) while taking a β-blocker (metoprolol succinate). In the Shor population ADRA2B gene polymorphism was not associated with the effective treatment of hypertension using this medication. Conclusion . An epidemiological study in Mountain Shoria has demonstrated an antihypertensive effect of metoprolol succinate in its dependence on the polymorphism of the candidate genes (ADRB1 and ADRA2B). They are coding the components of the sympathetic adrenal system which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Today there are no clinical algorithms for checking personalized sensibility to the β-blockers, and therefore further research in this area remains a topical subject.
The article is devoted to development of methods of search of information on the Internet. Currently the issue of fast and automatic data extraction from different sources is very actual.

The idea of the approach is to develop semi-automatic methods of linguistic templates construction for given fragment of atomic diagram. Algorithm of templates construction for the fragment of atomic diagram is performed in 2 stages. On the 1st stage generation of the simple templates is done, on the 2nd stage more seldom and complicated templates are found, using templates from 1st part of algorithm.

Processing texts in natural language on the Internet using gotten templates, needed information may be found.
Protocyanin is a complex pigment extracted from flower petals of blue cornflower, Centaurea cyanus.The components of protocyanin were recently demonstrated to be anthocyanin (AN), flavone glycoside (FL), Fe 3+ , Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ ions [1] .

For X-ray structure determination, protocyanin was reconstructed from the components and crystallized in space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 with unit cell dimensions of a = 29.7,b = 49.2 and c = 78.3Å.Two protocyanin molecules are contained in an asymmetric unit.Data were collected on the beam line 6A at Photon Factory KEK to1.05 Å resolution.The refined molecule has pseudo three-fold symmetry and four metals align along the pseudo three-fold axis in order of Ca 2+ , Fe 3+ , Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ .The four metals are coordinated to six AN and six FL molecules.The inner Fe 3+ and Mg 2+ ions are each coordinated to three AN's, respectively, while the outer two Ca 2+ ions are each coordinated to three FL's.Both AN and FL molecules are self-associated with each other as AN-AN and FL-FL in pair and this hydrophobic association also exists between AN and FL molecules, building copigmentation stacks.

Protocyanin is a tetra-metal (Fe 3+ , Mg 2+ , 2Ca 2+ ) nuclear complex, a new type of supramolecular pigment.
Nonreciprocal transport, where the left-to-right-flowing current differs from the right-to-left-flowing one, is an unexpected phenomenon in bulk crystals. BiTeBr is a noncentrosymmetric material, with a giant Rashba spin-orbit coupling which presents this unusual effect when placed in an in-plane magnetic field. It has been shown that this effect depends strongly on the carrier density; however, in situ tuning has not yet been demonstrated. We developed a method where thin BiTeBr flakes are gate tuned via ionic-liquid gating through a thin protective hexagonal boron nitride layer. Tuning the carrier density allows a more than $400%$ variation of the nonreciprocal response in our sample. Our study demonstrates how a few-atomic-layer-thick van der Waals protection layer allows ionic gating of chemically sensitive, exotic nanocrystals.
Ecological and climatic factors have an impact on the health, productivity and reproduction of the cattle. The goal of this work is the study of physiological status of servicing bulls reared under ecological and climate conditions of the Altai region, by defining the differences between Red-Steppe, Simmental and Black-and-White breeds in spermatogenic, hormonal, biochemical and hematological parameters. Samples of peripheral blood and ejaculates were taken from 48 grown-up servicing bulls (average age 5.6±0.3 years) in autumn period. It was established that Red-Steppe bulls have higher concentrations of nonorganic phosphorus, leucocytes, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in comparison with animals of Simmental breed, and the hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit are also higher in comparison with Black-and-White breed. It was noted that bulls of Black-and-White breed have a higher level of cortisol in comparison with the other breeds. The lowest level of serum urea and total protein and increased serum activity of creatine kinase and γ-glutamyl transferase, as well as the heaviest body weight were observed in Simmental breed bulls. The differences between breeds in a wide spectrum of physiological measures reflect not only genetically determined peculiarities of homeostatic mechanism, but also may reflect different ability to adapt to local ecological and climate conditions of the Altai region. Spermatogenic, biochemical and hematological measures in bull sires reared in the Altai region were similar to those in bulls bred in other Russian regions and some other countries. The measures reported could serve as reference values and therefore represent 'normal' values of physiological status for these bull sires reared in this ecological and climatic zone, but could be utilized in further studies for comprehensive monitoring of cattle breeding stock in other ecological and climatic zones of the Siberian region of Russia.
The process $e^+e^- \to \pi^+\pi^-2\pi^0\gamma$ is investigated by means of the initial-state radiation technique, where a photon is emitted from the incoming electron or positron. Using $454.3 \rm{fb}^{-1}$ of data collected around a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 10.58 \rm{GeV}$ by the BaBar experiment at SLAC, approximately 150000 signal events are obtained. The corresponding non-radiative cross section is measured with a relative uncertainty of $3.6\%$ in the energy region around $1.5 \rm{GeV}$, surpassing all existing measurements in precision. Using this new result, the channel's contribution to the leading order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is calculated as $(g_\mu^{\pi^+\pi^-2\pi^0}-2)/2 = (17.9 \pm 0.1_\mathrm{stat} \pm 0.6_\mathrm{syst}) \times 10^{-10}$ in the energy range $0.85\rm{GeV} < E_\mathrm{CM} < 1.8\rm{GeV}$. In the same energy range, the impact on the running of the fine structure constant at the $Z^0$-pole is determined as $\Delta\alpha^{\pi^+\pi^-2\pi^0}(M^2_\mathrm{Z}) = (4.44 \pm 0.02_\mathrm{stat} \pm 0.14_\mathrm{syst}) \times 10^{-4}$. Furthermore, intermediate resonances are studied and especially the cross section of the process $e^+e^- \to \omega\pi^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-2\pi^0$ is measured.
Recently, advances in computer technology and data recording and storage have made high-frequency financial data readily available to researchers. As a result, the volatility literature has steadily progressed toward the use of higher-frequency data. However, the move towards the use of higher-frequency financial data in the estimation of volatility of financial returns has resulted in the development of many realised volatility measures of asset return variability based on a variety of different assumptions and functional forms and thus making theoretical comparison and selection of the estimators for empirical applications very difficult if not impossible. This article provides an empirical review on the performance of estimators of quadratic variation/integrated variance based on high-frequency data to aid their application in empirical analysis. The result of the review shows that no single estimator works best in all situations; however, the more sophisticated realised measures, in particular the TSRV and KRV, are superior to the other estimators in terms of their estimation accuracy in the presence of market microstructure noise.
In this paper we show that integrable four dimensional linearly degenerate equations of second order possess infinitely many three dimensional hydrodynamic reductions.

Furthermore, they are equipped infinitely many conservation laws and higher commuting flows.

We show that the dispersionless limits of nonlocal KdV and nonlocal NLS equations (the so-called Breaking Soliton equations introduced by O.I. Bogoyavlenski) are one and two component reductions (respectively) of one of these four dimensional linearly degenerate equations.
The Mott scattering of high-energetic twisted electrons by atoms is investigated within the framework of the first Born approximation and Dirac's relativistic equation. Special emphasis is placed on the angular distribution and longitudinal polarization of the scattered electrons. In order to evaluate these angular and polarization properties we consider two experimental setups in which the twisted electron beam collides with either a single well-localized atom or macroscopic atomic target. Detailed relativistic calculations have been performed for both setups and for the electrons with kinetic energy from 10 to 1000 keV. The results of these calculations indicate that the emission pattern and polarization of outgoing electrons differ significantly from the scattering of plane-wave electrons and can be very sensitive to the parameters of the incident twisted beam. In particular, it is shown that the angular- and polarization-sensitive Mott measurements may reveal valuable information about both the transverse and longitudinal components of the linear momentum and the projection of the total angular momentum of twisted electron states. Thus, the Mott scattering emerges as a diagnostic tool for the relativistic vortex beams.
The approach to the formation of sand samples containing methane hydrate of a non-cementing type is studied. The approach is to inject methane-rich water in the sample after formation of methane hydrate by the "excess gas" method. Laboratory research is carried out on a specialized setup that allows to form hydrate -bearing samples and to study their acoustic properties during the experiments. The results are compared with the data of previous experiments on sand samples containing tetrahydrofuran (THF) and methane hydrate formed by the "excess gas" method. It is shown that the studied approach allow to form samples containing methane hydrate of a non-cementing type.
The elements of mixed reality technology are described, which allow you to get acquainted with some of the exhibits of the Kuzbass Botanical Garden, Kemerovo.

Elements of mixed reality are integrated with an information system based on a relational database.

The developed algorithms for matching elements of a 3D model to objects from a relational database in real time require the use of analysis and mathematical modeling methods.