Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
A sample of $114\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}11$ ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ signal events obtained with $0.37\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ collected by the LHCb experiment is used to measure the branching fraction and polarization amplitudes of the ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\overline{K}}^{*0}$ decay, with ${\overline{K}}^{*0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$.

The ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ mass spectrum of the candidates in the ${B}_{s}^{0}$ peak is dominated by the ${\overline{K}}^{*0}$ contribution. Subtracting the nonresonant ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ component, the branching fraction of ${B}_{s}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi}{\overline{K}}^{*0}$ is $({4.4}_{\ensuremath{-}0.4}^{+0.5}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.8)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.

A fit to the angular distribution of the decay products yields the ${K}^{*0}$ polarization fractions ${f}_{L}=0.50\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$ and ${f}_{\ensuremath{\parallel}}={0.19}_{\ensuremath{-}0.08}^{+0.10}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02$.
Safety and soundness of banks is an important condition and essential factor for successful economic development of any country. Although considerable research has been carried out on the banking system, only a few studies were entirely devoted to the analysis of the factors effecting the capital structure of commercial banks which is indispensable for their efficient operation.

The article provides a brief comparative analysis of the resources of commercial banks in Russia and China. It showed the similarity of the resource structure of the banks of two countries. The analysis of studies on the factors affecting the capital structure of commercial banks of these countries has been carried out.

It has been revealed that there is a growing research interest in the study of the factors affecting the capital structure of commercial banks. However, in China the studies are trying to identify mechanisms for the managing factors whereas in Russia they are intended to find managerial solutions to increase the growth rate of the economy by increasing the capital of commercial banks.
Previously, it was shown that the HFE gene (associated with human hereditary hemochromatosis) has several haplotypes of intronic polymorphisms. Some haplotype frequencies are race specific and hence can be used in phylogenetic analysis. We assumed that analysis of Caucasoid patients-living now in Western Siberia and having diseases associated with dietary habits and metabolic rate-will allow us to understand the processes of possible selection during settling of the northern part of Asia.Haplotype analysis of Northern Eurasian native and recently settled ethnic groups was performed on polymorphisms rs1799945, rs1800730, rs1800562, rs2071303, rs1800708, rs1572982, rs2794719, rs807209, and rs2032451 of this gene. The CCA haplotype of the rs2071303, rs1800708, and rs1572982 was found to be associated with HLA-A2 (39 %) in Asian populations. Haplotype analysis for the rs1799945, rs1800730, rs1800562, rs2071303, rs1800708, and rs1572982 was performed on Russian patients with some metabolic disorders or stomach cancer and among long-lived people. Decreased frequencies of the TTA haplotype (T in rs2071303, T in rs1800708, and A in rs1572982) were observed in the groups of patients with diseases associated with overweight (fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or metabolic syndrome + arterial hypertension) as compared with the control sample. We detected significant differences in this haplotype's frequency between the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and Russian adolescents, elderly citizens, and long-lived people (χ(2) P value = 0.003, 0.010, and 0.015, respectively).No significant differences in frequencies of the alleles with mutations in coding regions of the HFE gene (C282Y, H63D, and S65C) were detected between the analyzed patients (with stomach cancer, metabolic syndrome, fatty liver disease, or type 2 diabetes mellitus) and the control Caucasoid sample. Monophyletic origin of H63D (rs1799945) was confirmed in Caucasoids and Northern Asians. The reasons for a sharp increase in the frequency of CCA haplotype of HFE in the Asian race remain unclear.
In this mini-review, division of labour and communication in highly social Formica species are considered at the individual level.

Group-retrieving Formica species enjoy flexible and rational communication based on task allocation between scouts and foragers within small stable working teams.Scouts are able to memorise and pass abstract information to foragers, in particular, the information about a sequence of turns on the way to a feeder, whereas foragers are not able to transmit information.A field model of the situation in which ants act collectively to perform a specific task could be the organisation of honeydew collection in the tree crown.

In F. polyctena, groups of aphid tenders include members of different professions (shepherds, guards, transporters and scouts) which stay in stable cohesion for a few weeks.ÐÅÇÞÌÅ.
Pursuing the goal to single out the validity region of the high-energy resummation, better known as BFKL approach, and to possibly disentangle BFKL effects from the ones coming from a DGLAP-inspired, fixed-order description, new predictions for the forward inclusive hadron-jet production, tailored on the CMS and CASTOR acceptances, are given.
A shear flow of a viscosity-stratified fluid in a Hele-Shaw cell is considered.

The long-wave approximation is applied to the governing equations. To describe the evolution of the mixing layer, a special flow with a three-layered structure is considered. A one-dimensional model is derived by averaging the motion equations over the cell width, taking into account the flow structure. For a stationary flow, solutions of motion equations are constructed. The influence of viscosity on the mixing layer evolution is investigated by performing a numerical experiment for a flow with different viscosities in the layers and for a flow with always zero viscosity.

It is shown that viscosity has a significant influence on the flow evolution.
Explosive eruptions at steep-sided volcanoes may develop with complex precursor activity occurring in a poorly-understood magma plumbing system so that timelines and possible interactions with the geologic surrounding are often unresolved.

Here we investigate the episode prior to the energetic December 20, 2017 eruption at Bezymianny volcano, Kamchatka. We compare degassing activity inferred from time-lapse camera images, seismicity and real-time seismic amplitude (RSAM) data derived from a temporary station network, as well as high-resolution InSAR displacement maps.

Results show that the first changes can be identified in low-frequency seismicity and degassing at least 90 days before the eruption, while the first volcano-tectonic (VT) seismicity occurred 50 days before the eruption. Coinciding with significant changes of the RSAM, surface displacements affect the volcanic flanks at least 9 days prior to the eruption. Inversion modeling of the pre-eruptive surface deformation as well as deflation-type, co-eruptive surface changes indicate the presence of a shallow and transient reservoir. We develop a conceptual model for Bezymianny volcano initiating with deep seismicity, followed by shallow events, rockfalls, steaming and an inflating reservoir. The eruption is then associated with subsidence, caused by deflation of the same reservoir. This sequence and conceivable causality of these observations are providing a valuable contribution to our understanding of the shallow magma plumbing system beneath Bezymianny and may have relevance for volcano monitoring and early warning strategies at similar volcanoes elsewhere.
Smallpox was the first human disease to be eradicated, through a concerted vaccination campaign led by the World Health Organization. Since its eradication, routine vaccination against smallpox has ceased, leaving the world population susceptible to disease caused by orthopoxviruses. In recent decades, reports of human disease from zoonotic orthopoxviruses have increased. Furthermore, multiple reports of newly identified poxviruses capable of causing human disease have occurred.

The eradication of smallpox occurred prior to the development of the majority of modern virological and molecular biological techniques. Therefore, there is a considerable amount that is not understood regarding how this solely human pathogen interacts with its host.

This paper briefly recounts the history and current status of diagnostic tools, vaccines, and anti-viral therapeutics for treatment of smallpox disease. The authors discuss the importance of further research to prepare the global community should a smallpox-like virus emerge.
The estimation of the influence of external conditions on marker enzymes phenotypic classes ratios in agamospermous sugar beet progenies has been carried out. It has been shown that different ways of flowering sugar beet plant branches isolation lead to different ratios of marker enzyme phenotypes in a developing agamospermous seed progeny. The obtained data are an additional confirmation of the hypothesis about the presence of differential chromosomes polyteny and its dependence on external conditions.
Aim of the present study was to provide presence of opisthorchiid metacercariae in cyprinid fish Leuciscus idus in Nura-Sarysu river, Kazakhstan.

Infection rate of the ides by the metacercariae was 42%. The metacercariae, similar morphologically to those of the liver flukes, were found: elliptical in shape, 0.19–0.25×0.15–0.22 mm, oral and ventral suckers nearly equal size, and excretory bladder O-shape with black content, occupying posterior part of the body. The metacercariae were divided into 2 groups with differences in size and thickness of cyst wall. Adult flukes were recovered from the Syrian hamsters infected with the opisthorch metacercariae and identified with morphological characters to Opisthorchis felineus and Metorchis bilis. DNA sequences of ITS1, ITS2, and cox1 supported the taxonomic assignment.

Key words: Opisthorchis felineus, Metorchis bilis, Leuciscus idus, metacercariae
Using conjugate gradient and lattice dynamics methods the theoretical study of thermodynamics properties of methane sI and propane sII hydrates doped with small amount of potassium hydroxide was conducted. Potassium hydroxide was partially embedded in the host framework lattice of hydrate.

The vibration densities of states were found and the stability of the doped hydrate was confirmed. For a wide range of temperatures the free energy curves were built and compared to results for non-doped hydrate structures.

Based on this data the thermal expansion coefficient dependence on the temperature was calculated and the possibility of methane and propane hydrate self-preservation was studied.
Recent classification of 3/2-transitive permutation groups leaves us with three infinite families of groups which are neither 2-transitive, nor Frobenius, nor one-dimensional affine. The groups of the first two families correspond to special actions of PSL(2, q) and PΓL(2, q), whereas those of the third family are the affine solvable subgroups of AGL(2, q) found by D. Passman in 1967. The association schemes of the groups in each of these families are known to be pseudocyclic. It is proved that apart from three particular cases, each of these exceptional pseudocyclic schemes is characterized up to isomorphism by the tensor of its 3-dimensional intersection numbers.
Positioning of mRNA 3’ of the A site codon was studied with the use of short mRNA analogues carrying a UUU triplet at the 5’-termini and a perfluorophenylazide group at either the N7 atom of the guanosine or the C5 atom of the uridine 3’ of the triplet. Modified nucleotides were directed to positions +7, +9 or +12 with respect to the first nucleotide of the P site codon by tRNAPhe cognate to the UUU triplet targeted to the P site.

Mild UV-irradiation resulted in cross-linking of the mRNA analogues to the 18S rRNA and to 40S proteins, the yield of cross-linking depending on the nature of the mRNA nucleotide bearing the modified group and its position on the ribosome. In addition, the yield of cross-linking to the 18S rRNA decreased strongly when the modified nucleotide was moved from position +7 to position +12. All the mRNA analogues cross-linked to the 18S rRNA nucleotides that had been found earlier at the decoding site, namely, to the invariant dinucleotide A1824/A1825 and the variable A1823 in the 3’-minidomain of the 18S rRNA, and also to the invariant nucleotide C1698 in the 3’-minidomain and the conserved region 605-620 in the apical region of helix 18 in the 5’-domain.

The results indicate that (i) the mRNA makes a sharp turn between positions +6 and +7, (ii) the triplet immediately 3’ of the A site codon neighbors the 18S rRNA and proteins, and (iii) the codon 3’ of the triplet mentioned is surrounded mainly by proteins.
We calculate interspecies Rydberg-Rydberg interaction strengths for the heavy alkali metals Rb and Cs. The presence of strong F\"orster resonances makes interspecies coupling a promising approach for long-range entanglement generation. We also provide an overview of the strongest F\"orster resonances for Rb-Rb and Cs-Cs using different principal quantum numbers for the two atoms. We show how interspecies coupling can be used for high fidelity quantum nondemolition state measurements with low cross-talk in qubit arrays.
The research is carried out on some legal issues of smart contracts and their place in Russian and other countries’ contract law. By means of contract law such issues are analysed: 1) conclusion and performance of smart contracts’ obligations; 2) practical issues arising due to smart contracts’ use; 3) contract law provisions that might be applied to smart contracts; 4) issues that are not covered by the legislation but need to be addressed. A smart contract is considered to be a contract with the specific type of performance of obligations (automated performance). Smart contract is a contract concluded with an exchange of data (type of a written form). Smart contracts are performed with the help of automated performance and previously expressed consent of parties. It is proved that smart contracts could be modified and terminated giving a mechanism for that as well as provides for measures of defence and responsibility that could be applied for obligations out of smart contracts. As the result, provisions of smart contracts that reflect smart contracts’ place and peculiarities in contract law are formulated
Benefits and costs of meiotic recombination are a matter of discussion. Because recombination breaks allele combinations already tested by natural selection and generates new ones of unpredictable fitness, a high recombination rate is generally beneficial for the populations living in a fluctuating or a rapidly changing environment and costly in a stable environment. Besides genetic benefits and costs, there are cytological effects of recombination, both positive and negative. Recombination is necessary for chromosome synapsis and segregation. However, it involves a massive generation of double-strand DNA breaks, erroneous repair of which may lead to germ cell death or various mutations and chromosome rearrangements. Thus, the benefits of recombination (generation of new allele combinations) would prevail over its costs (occurrence of deleterious mutations) as long as the population remains sufficiently heterogeneous.

Using immunolocalization of MLH1, a mismatch repair protein, at the synaptonemal complexes, we examined the number and distribution of recombination nodules in spermatocytes of two chicken breeds with high (Pervomai) and low (Russian Crested) recombination rates and their F1 hybrids and backcrosses.

We detected negative heterosis for recombination rate in the F1 hybrids. Backcrosses to the Pervomai breed were rather homogenous and showed an intermediate recombination rate. The differences in overall recombination rate between the breeds, hybrids and backcrosses were mainly determined by the differences in the crossing over number in the seven largest macrochromosomes. The decrease in recombination rate in F1 is probably determined by difficulties in homology matching between the DNA sequences of genetically divergent breeds. The suppression of recombination in the hybrids may impede gene flow between parapatric populations and therefore accelerate their genetic divergence.
Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (DD) disease is one of the main risk factors for low back pain. The social and economic importance of low back pain is very high: back pain is among the leading causes of absenteeism and the cost of treating back pain exceeds the cost of treatment of many other serious diseases (cancer, in particular); however, therapy does not always provide the desired result. Despite the variability of biological studies of lumbar DD, it is still not fully understood, partially due to the fact that there are only few studies using systematic and integrative approaches. Hence, more integrative omics studies are needed to link all pieces of knowledge together, build a complete picture of biology of lumbar DD and obtain a deeper understanding of the processes underlying this pathology.

This disease-oriented biobank to study lumbar disc degeneration will be recruited from two clinical centers. A total of 1100 participants with available lumbar MRI will be enrolled during the three-year period. General information about a patient, medical history, lumbar MRI parameters and biological material (whole blood and plasma) will be collected in the centers at baseline. Then, from those patients, who will undergo a spine surgery during the treatment, disc tissue samples will be gained. Eventually, postoperative clinical data will be collected from operated patients during the follow-up. The study will be performed according to the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethical Committee of NRITO (№034/20 dated 02 Oct 2020) and by the Local Ethical Committee of Priorov CITO (№1/21 dated 25 Feb 2021).

Preliminary and final results will be presented in peer-reviewed journals, at national and international congresses. Two-center and multiple-discipline study: the study includes two centers (Moscow in the European and Novosibirsk in the Asian part of Russia), with research teams specializing in following fields: (1) clinical aspects of lumbar disc degeneration disease, (2) biology and genetics of pain, (3) generation of omics data and (4) multi-omics data analysis Collection of variable biological material: whole blood, plasma and, for part of the participants, intraoperative material of the lumbar disc (with different DD status) will be available for omics studies Objective diagnosis: lumbar DD status is confirmed by MRI, not self-reported diagnosis Sample size is limited compared to nationwide biobanks Patients with severe lumbar DD status will be more prevalent in the biobank than these with mild or no lumbar DD compared to the general population
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) is a promising therapeutic target in cancer therapy. Combination chemotherapy using Tdp1 inhibitors as a component can potentially improve therapeutic response to many chemotherapeutic regimes.

A new set of usnic acid derivatives with hydrazonothiazole pharmacophore moieties were synthesized and evaluated as Tdp1 inhibitors. Most of these compounds were found to be potent inhibitors with IC50 values in the low nanomolar range. The activity of the compounds was verified by binding experiments and supported by molecular modeling.

The ability of the most effective inhibitors, used at non-toxic concentrations, to sensitize tumors to the anticancer drug topotecan was also demonstrated. The order of administration of the inhibitor and topotecan on their synergistic effect was studied, suggesting that prior or simultaneous introduction of the inhibitor with topotecan is the most effective.
Regeneration-capable flatworms are informative research models to study the mechanisms of stem cell regulation, regeneration, and tissue patterning. However, the lack of transgenesis methods considerably hampers their wider use.

Here we report development of a transgenesis method for Macrostomum lignano, a basal flatworm with excellent regeneration capacity. We demonstrate that microinjection of DNA constructs into fertilized one-cell stage eggs, followed by a low dose of irradiation, frequently results in random integration of the transgene in the genome and its stable transmission through the germline. To facilitate selection of promoter regions for transgenic reporters, we assembled and annotated the M. lignano genome, including genome-wide mapping of transcription start regions, and show its utility by generating multiple stable transgenic lines expressing fluorescent proteins under several tissue-specific promoters.

The reported transgenesis method and annotated genome sequence will permit sophisticated genetic studies on stem cells and regeneration using M. lignano as a model organism.
The work is aimed at a detailed study of large-scale helical vortex structures emerging in a high turbulent intensively swirling flow. It was shown that the vortex formed in the chamber by installing diaphragm with shifted outlet is folded into a single-helical vortex. The flow visualization shows that although the vortex axis performs slow oscillations (precession), on average this structure is fixed in space. The velocity fields were measured with the aid of a nonintrusive method of flow diagnostics (PIV). Verification of the calculation results obtained using a LES simulation was performed based on measured experimental data to confirm the correctness of the chosen mathematical modelling approach. It has been asserted that the investigated regimes are in a self-similarity area relative to Reynolds number.
Drug therapeutic efficiency and development of unfavorable pharmacologic responses as well as the disease predisposition are caused first of all by patient’s genetic features. Genetic variations in genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporter proteins are essential to understand the ethnic differences in disease occurrence, development, prognosis, therapeutic response and toxicity of drugs. For that reason, it is necessary to establish the normative frequency distribution of genotypes and alleles of these genes in a particular population. Data on frequency of pharmacogenetic polymorphisms in the of Belarus population are limited.

The goal of our investigation was to analyze the frequency distribution of genotypes and alleles of genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes (CYP1А2, CYP2D6 – I phase; GSTs, NAT2 – II phase) and transporter protein MDR1 in the population of Belarus and comparisons with other ethnic populations.

Our results indicate that clinically important genes are genetically highly variable and differ considerably between populations. Differences in allele frequencies across continents should be considered when designing clinical trials of new drugs continents should be considered when designing clinical trials of new drugs.