Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Background Little data exists on the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the Russian population. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of CKD in a population-based study in Russia, compare with a similar study in Norway, and investigate whether differences in risk factors explained between-study differences in CKD. Methods We compared age- and sex-standardised prevalence of reduced eGFR (< 60 ml/min/1.73m 2 CKD-EPI creatinine equation), albuminuria and or a composite indicator of CKD (one measure of either reduced eGFR or albuminuria) between participants aged 40–69 in the population-based Know Your Heart (KYH) study, Russia (2015–2018 N = 4607) and the seventh Tromsø Study (Tromsø7), Norway (2015–2016 N = 17,646). We assessed the contribution of established CKD risk factors (low education, diabetes, hypertension, antihypertensive use, smoking, obesity) to between-study differences using logistic regression. Results Prevalence of reduced eGFR or albuminuria was 6.5% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 5.4, 7.7) in KYH and 4.6% (95% CI 4.0, 5.2) in Tromsø7 standardised for sex and age. Odds of both clinical outcomes were higher in KYH than Tromsø7 (reduced eGFR OR 2.06 95% CI 1.67, 2.54; albuminuria OR 1.54 95% CI 1.16, 2.03) adjusted for sex and age. Risk factor adjustment explained the observed between-study difference in albuminuria (OR 0.92 95% CI 0.68, 1.25) but only partially reduced eGFR (OR 1.42 95% CI 1.11, 1.82). The strongest explanatory factors for the between-study difference was higher use of antihypertensives (Russian sample) for reduced eGFR and mean diastolic blood pressure for albuminuria. Conclusions We found evidence of a higher burden of CKD within the sample from the population in Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk compared to Tromsø, partly explained by between-study population differences in established risk factors. In particular hypertension defined by medication use was an important factor associated with the higher CKD prevalence in the Russian sample.
We study the processes γγ→K+K−η and γγ→K+K−π0 using a data sample of 519 fb−1 recorded with the BABAR detector operating at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy e+e− collider at center-of-mass energies at and near the Υ(nS) (n=2,3,4) resonances. We observe ηc→K+K−π0 and ηc→K+K−η decays, measure their relative branching fraction, and perform a Dalitz plot analysis for each decay. We observe the K∗0(1430)→Kη decay and measure its branching fraction relative to the Kπ decay mode to be R(K∗0(1430))=B(K∗0(1430)→Kη)B(K∗0(1430)→Kπ)=0.092±0.025+0.010−0.025. The ηc→K+K−η and K∗0(1430)→Kη results correspond to the first observations of these channels. The data also show evidence for ηc(2S)→K+K−π0 and first evidence for ηc(2S)→K+K−η.6 MoreReceived 27 March 2014DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.89.112004© 2014 American Physical Society
Inertness of the cleaved (0001) surface of the Bi2Se3 single crystal, grown by modified Bridgman method, to oxidation has been demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, and by ab initio DFT calculations. No intrinsic bismuth and selenium oxides are formed on the low-defect, atomically flat Bi2Se3(0001)-(1×1) surface after a long-time air exposure. The inertness of Bi2Se3(0001) to O2 and NO2, as well as bismuth-oxygen bonding formation under molecular adsorption in the Se vacancy was supported by DFT calculations.
The article presents the results of studies of petrophysical properties and the study of samples by the method of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The measurements were carried out on a collection of artificial core samples with different grain sizes. The procedure for preparing the samples is described, and the comparison of the results of measuring the petrophysical properties by different methods is given. The quantitative relationships between the size of the sand grains from which the samples are made, the filtration-capacity properties and the distribution of the relaxation times of the NMR spectrum of the samples are investigated.
The article presents the results of the study of the effect of the non-simultaneous measurement of electrical and electromagnetic logging signals on the determination of the parameters of the geoelectric model by joint numerical inversion. The radial profile of the electrical resistivity is calculated for different times after drilling in the program for modeling the process of mud invasion into a porous permeable formation with parameters characteristic of the BS cretaceous reservoir.

For this continuous resistivity profile electric log signals are calculated for the reservoir of unlimited thickness.
Geothermal areas are of great interest for the study of microbial communities. The results of such investigations can be used in a variety of fields (ecology, microbiology, medicine) to answer fundamental questions, as well as those with practical benefits. Uzon caldera is located in the Uzon-Geyser depression that is situated in the centre of the Karym-Semyachin region of the East Kamchatka graben-synclinorium. The microbial communities of Zavarzin spring are well studied; however, its benthic microbial mat has not been previously described.

Pyrosequencing of the V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene was used to study the benthic microbial community of the Zavarzin thermal spring (Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka). In this study, we performed a metagenomic analysis of the benthic microbial mat of Zavarzin spring. We compared this benthic community to microbial communities found in the water and of an integral probe consisting of water and bottom sediments. A thorough geochemical study of the spring was performed.

The community is dominated by bacteria (>95% of all sequences), including thermophilic, chemoorganotrophic Caldiserica (33.0%) and Dictyoglomi (24.8%). The benthic community and the previously examined planktonic community of Zavarzin spring have qualitatively similar, but quantitatively different, compositions. Various phylogenetic groups of microorganisms, including potentially new ones, represent the full-fledged trophic system of Zavarzin.
The present work is devoted to the phenology of individual flowering and the construction of structure-dynamic models of this process on its basis. The results of the study of the flowering phenology of Campanula bononiensis, C. sarmatica and Platycodon grandiflorus are presented.

The data obtained characterize both the phenological (time and duration of flowering, lifespan of individual flowers) and structural features (degree of branching of the inflorescence, length of floral axes, number of flowers, order of their blooming) that describe the flowering of a monocarpic shoot. Inflorescences of the species are elongated and multiflorous, of the compound type inherent for Campanulaceae, and characterized by a high variability of all structural features. Observation data were processed by standard statistical methods and used to construct stochastic computer models of flowering shoots, while omissions in data were restored by using the maximum likelihood method.

Flowering patterns of the species, due to differences in phenological and structural features, have been revealed. It has been shown that flowering curves depend on the synchrony in the flowers blooming on the main (first-order) axis and lateral (second-order) axes. C. bononiensis has one asymmetrical peak with a broadening on the left, achieved with the simultaneous blooming of flowers in the upper and lower parts of the main axis and on lateral axes in the middle part of the inflorescence, where the first-order flowers have already finished blooming (they provided the broadening). Flowering curves for C. sarmatica and P grandiflorus are bimodal, with the first peak being due to the flowers blooming on the main axis and the second one on lateral axes. The constructed models reproduce the patterns of individual flowering well, with natural variability, and can be used to simulate the flowering of a group of individuals (population), for example, in landscape design. In combination with visualization tools, they can be used for augmenting plant phenotyping datasets with rendered images of synthetic plants for the purpose of training neural networks in this field.
Sintering of powder mixtures is one of the widely used production methods of composite materials. The distribution of the reinforcement phases in these composites is a function of both initial powder structure and sintering conditions.

Based on the recent literature and experimental results obtained by the authors, this article discusses a specific type of reinforcement distribution—the network distribution—in composites produced by sintering of powder mixtures. Examples of the influence of networks of different nature on sintering of metal and ceramic matrices are presented for continuous structures composed of carbon nanotubes and quasi-continuous structures of smaller particles located at boundaries between larger particles.

The principles of the microstructure formation in composites with networks formed by ceramic particles, particles of metallic glass and carbon nanotubes are analyzed. Unusual properties of composites with metal and ceramic matrices achieved by organizing reinforcements in networks are discussed.
An adult male house musk shrew with an XXY sex chromosome constitution was found in a laboratory-bred colony. Maternal origin of the additional X chromosome was demonstrated. The external appearance of the animal was normal, but the testes were small and displayed a high density of interstitial cells. The seminiferous tubules were narrow and contained only Sertoli cells.
Significance Transposons are jumping genes that constitute a sizeable fraction of eukaryotic genomes. They drive genome evolution and can cause genetic diseases and cancer. Although transposons were first discovered in plants and much of our knowledge about them stems from plants, the most abundant human transposon, L1, has barely been investigated in plants. In this study, we identify plant L1 retrotransposons from a variety of plant genomes and show that, similar to viruses, they evolved in a modular fashion by gaining and losing various protein-coding domains. Moreover, we find that plant L1s carry an active Archaea-like ribonuclease H (RNH) domain, suggesting that they shuttle RNH between plants, bacteria, and Archaea.
Collective effects in the diffusive motion of aqueous systems consisting of 10,000 particles (pure water, He and Ar aqueous solutions) are studied

by using the molecular dynamics simulation. The two-particle correlation function DP(t), which is the average scalar product of the displacement vectors of two molecules initially separated by distances lying in certain narrow intervals, is calculated. The calculations were carried out for water molecules and for atoms of rare gases.

The presence of He and Ar atoms in 3%-solutions is shown to weakly affect the form of the DP(t) function for water molecules. For He and Ar atoms in aqueous solutions, as well as in the cases of water molecules and Ar atoms in pure liquids, the corresponding correlation functions are found to have a plateau. For a system composed of 1,000 Ar atoms and 9,000 water molecules, no homogeneous liquid solution is obtained even at high pressures.
The problems of particle velocity and temperature measurement can be solved with commonly-known methods of registration based on spectrometry and a complex of laser and optical means. The diagnostic technique combines two independent methods of particle velocity measurement, namely the passive way which is based on the intrinsic radiation of the heated particles in a gas flow, and the active one which utilizes the effect of the laser beam scattering. It is demonstrated that the laser radiation can affect significantly the particles velocity at the laser cladding. Presented bar charts of statistical distributions of the particles velocities illustrate two modes of the coaxial nozzle performance, with and without СО2-laser radiation. Different types of powders (Al2O3, Mo, Ni, Al) were used in tests, the particle size distributions were typical for the laser cladding; air, nitrogen, argon were used as working gases, continuous radiation of the СО2 laser reached 3 kW. It is shown that in the laser-radiation field, the powder particles undergo extra acceleration due to the laser evaporation and reactive force occurrence resulting from the recoil pressure vapors from the beamed part of particles' surfaces. The observed effect of particles acceleration depends on the particles concentration in the powder flow. Due to the laser acceleration, the velocities of individual particles may reach the values of about 80 – 100 m/s. The trichromatic pyrometry method was utilized to measure the particles temperature in the powder flow.
This paper presents a computer system for modelling one-dimensional random variables NMPUD, developed in the laboratory of mathematical modelling of Lyceum No. 130 in Novosibirsk.

The results of the numerical experiments and the considerations justifying the practicability for using in the NMPUD system: the elementary densities constructed by the technology of sequential (inserted) substitutions, the densities representing weighted sums of elementary densities (which can be simulated using the modified discrete superposition method), the algorithms for a piecewise linear approximation of unknown densities using a given sample, the algorithms of the modified superposition method for computational modelling of random variables with piecewise linear densities,

are also presented.
Botanical, mycological, zoological, and prokaryotic species names follow the Linnaean format, consisting of an italicized Latinized binomen with a capitalized genus name and a lower case species epithet (e.g., Homo sapiens). Virus species names, however, do not follow a uniform format, and, even when binomial, are not Linnaean in style.

In this thought exercise, we attempted to convert all currently official names of species included in the virus family Arenaviridae and the virus order Mononegavirales to Linnaean binomials, and to identify and address associated challenges and concerns.

Surprisingly, this endeavor was not as complicated or time-consuming as even the authors of this article expected when conceiving the experiment.
The structure of supersonic underexpanded room temperature air microjets is experimentaly studied.

Microjets escaping from the nozzles with characteristic heights of 22.3 and 83.3 μm and widths of 2410 and 3900 μm respactacly with the Reynolds numbers of 640 and 2390. At these Reynolds numbers hot-wire anemometer measurements of mass flow pulsations are performed.

It is shown that low value of the mass flow pulsations are corresponding with the high supersonic core length.
. We study collisions of the solitary type coherent wave structures – breathers in the nonintegrable Zakharov equation for envelope describing gravity waves on the surface of deep water. The numerical simulations of breather interactions revealed several fundamentally different effects when compared to analytical two-soliton solutions of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The relative phase of the breathers is shown to be the key parameter determining the dynamics of the interaction. We show that the maximum of the amplitude amplification can significantly exceed the sum of the breather amplitudes. The breathers lose up to a few percent of their energy during the collisions due to radiation of incoherent waves and in addition exchange energy with each other. The level of the energy loss increases with large values of the wave steepness, and also with certain synchronisation of breather phases. Each of the breathers can gain or lose the energy after collision resulting in the increase or decrease of the amplitude. The magnitude of the space shifts that breathers acquire after collisions depends on the relative phase and can be either positive or negative.
Bessel functions with coefficients from the field of rational fractions of one variable

Proving transcendence of integrals of Bessel functions

Some integrals of Bessel functions are transcendence over the ring of Bessel functions
The hydrodynamical model is used for description of the process of charge transport in semiconductors with a high rate of reliability. It is a set of nonlinear partial differential equations with small parameters and specific conditions at the boundaries of field effect transistors (FETs), which essentially complicates the process of finding its stationary solutions. To overcome these difficulties in the case of FETs with elements having different dielectric properties, a fast pseudospectral method has been developed. This method was used for advanced numerical simulation of charge transport in DG-MOSFET.
Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE) technique enables nuclear spin hyperpolarization of wide range of compounds using parahydrogen.

Here we present the synthetic approach to prepare 15 N‐labeled [ 15 N]dalfampridine (4‐amino[ 15 N]pyridine) utilized as a drug to reduce the symptoms of multiple sclerosis. The synthesized compound was hyperpolarized using SABRE at microtesla magnetic fields (SABRE‐SHEATH technique) with up to 2.0 % 15 N polarization. The 7‐hour‐long activation of SABRE pre‐catalyst [Ir(IMes)(COD)Cl] in the presence of [ 15 N]dalfampridine can be remedied by the use of pyridine co‐ligand for catalyst activation while retaining the 15 N polarization levels of [ 15 N]dalfampridine.

The effects of experimental conditions such as polarization transfer magnetic field, temperature, concentration, parahydrogen flow rate and pressure on 15 N polarization levels of free and equatorial catalyst‐bound [ 15 N]dalfampridine were investigated. Moreover, we studied 15 N polarization build‐up and decay at magnetic field of less than 0.04 μT as well as 15 N polarization decay at the Earth's magnetic field and at 1.4 T.
Conductive indium nanowires up to 50 nm in width and up to 10 μm in length are fabricated on the surface of silicon by local resputtering from the probe of an atomic-force microscope. To accomplish this, indium was transferred from an atomic force microscopy tip to the surface by applying a potential difference between the tip and substrate. The fabricated indium nanowires were several micrometers in length. Unlike thermal DPN, our DPN method hardly oxidized the indium, producing nanowires with conductivities from 5.7 · 10−3 to 4 · 10−2 Ω·cm.
ru/sbb2016/en/).The BGRS conference series on bioinformatics was initiated by Academician N.A. Kolchanov, andfter the first relatively
A brief review of the recent astronomical data, indicating that the universe is abundantly populated by heavy black holes (BH), is presented. Conventional astrophysics and cosmology cannot explain such a high population of BHs.

A mechanism of the paper of 1963 is described, which at least qualitatively explained the observational data.

In particular, the prediction that massive primordial BHs can be cosmological dark matter "particles" is discussed.
The paper presents the results of numerical studies of self-ignition and supersonic combustion of cold hydrogen jet supplied to the M=2 vitiated air flow.

The calculations are carried out using the ANSYS Fluent on the basis of the full Favre-averaged Navier-Stokes equations supplemented by the κ–ω SST turbulence model and several kinetic mechanisms including 1, 16 and 38 reactions.

The results of calculations of mixing of a cold hydrogen jet and a hot inert mixture are in good qualitative and quantitative agreement with experimental data. The results obtained for the reactive flow show that in the calculation the combustion layer is closer to the channel bottom wall than in the experiment, and the temperature of the reaction product is by 10 % lower.
One of the core symptoms of major depression in human is anhedonia. For that reason, one of the main requirements towards experimental depression models is that they be able to demonstrate anhedonia in animals, that have been exposed to stressful events, and other behavioral changes attributable to a depression-like state. However, the results presented in the literature are contradictory: sweet solution intake, which is considered as a parameter of hedonic/anhedonic behavior in animals, responds quite differently to stressful situations in that it is either unaffected or increased or decreased. Different experimental designs used for the study of anhedonia in male mice exposed to chronic social defeat stress were tried to understand the reasons for so contradictory responses. Anhedonia appears as an abrupt reduction in sweet solution consumption in stressed animals and by failure to attain recovery after deprivation. However, it was also demonstrated that sucrose solution intake and preference strongly depend on the experimental context; that the possible critical factor may be prior acquaintance with the hedonic stimulus – or the lack whereof. Analysis of literature data and ours allowed us to conclude that the lack of a significant decrease in sweet solution intake in stressed animals is no evidence of lack of depression. This decrease is evidence of anhedonia only provided other symptoms of depression are present. Hedonic consumable intake can be decreased over various motivations, conditions or diseases, in particular, a high level of anxiety or pathological aggression.
Mass media is one of the most important elements influencing the information environment of society. The mass media is not only a source of information about what is happening but is often the authority that shapes the information agenda, the boundaries, and forms of discussion on socially relevant topics. A multifaceted and, where possible, quantitative assessment of mass media performance is crucial for understanding their objectivity, tone, thematic focus and, quality.

The paper presents a corpus of Kazakhstan media, which contains over 4 million publications from 36 primary sources (which has at least 500 publications). The corpus also includes more than 2 million texts of Russian media for comparative analysis of publication activity of the countries, also about 4000 sections of state policy documents. The paper briefly describes the natural language processing and multiple-criteria decision-making methods, which are the algorithmic basis of the text and mass media evaluation method.

The paper describes the results of several research cases, such as identification of propaganda, assessment of the tone of publications, calculation of the level of socially relevant negativity, comparative analysis of publication activity in the field of renewable energy. Experiments confirm the general possibility of evaluating the socially significant news, identifying texts with propagandistic content, evaluating the sentiment of publications using the topic model of the text corpus since the area under receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC AUC) values of 0.81, 0.73 and 0.93 were achieved on abovementioned tasks. The described cases do not exhaust the possibilities of thematic, tonal, dynamic, etc., analysis of the considered corpus of texts. The corpus will be interesting to researchers considering both multiple publications and mass media analysis, including comparative analysis and identification of common patterns inherent in the media of different countries.
The mechanism of the NWRF formation, described recently by Zaripov et al. [1, 2]

The influence of the Reynolds number on the statistics of a near-wall reverse flow phenomenon, taking place in a turbulent duct flow, is studied

An increase in the NWRF probability is found in both the core and corner regions of the duct walls for higher Reynolds number. The mechanism of the NWRF formation, described recently by Zaripov et al. [1, 2], is validated for higher Reynolds number flows