Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The transformation of powerful gravitational waves, created by the coalescence of massive black hole binaries, into electromagnetic radiation in external magnetic fields is revisited. In contrast to the previous calculations of the similar effect, we study the realistic case of the gravitational radiation frequency below the plasma frequency of the surrounding medium. The gravitational waves propagating in the plasma constantly create electromagnetic radiation dragging it with them, despite the low frequency. The plasma heating by the unattenuated electromagnetic wave may be significant in a hot rarefied plasma with strong magnetic field and can lead to a noticeable burst of electromagnetic radiation with higher frequency. The graviton-to-photon conversion effect in plasma is discussed in the context of possible electromagnetic counterparts of GW150914 and GW170104.
The dehydration of serpentine mineral antigorite, Mg2.8Si2O5(OH)3.6, is regarded as the key step in metamorphic transformation of ultramafic hydrated rocks in subduction zones, which affects seismicity and feeds volcanic activity. The abundance of alkali-chloride brines derived from deep subduction/upper mantle sources implies the possibility of a large control of the H2O activity by the dissolved salts.

The present study examines the effect of alkali chlorides, lowering the H2O activity in fluid, on antigorite stability at high pressure. The decomposition of natural antigorite (Ural) in the presence of a halite-saturated NaCl-H2O fluid was studied up to 3 GPa and 700 °C by in situ X-ray diffraction combined with resistively heated diamond-anvil cell. Reference experiments were also performed on salt-free sample.

At 1.5–3 GPa in the presence of halite-saturated fluid (XNaCl ≈ 0.15), antigorite decomposes to an intermediate product assemblage of talc+forsterite at about 550 °C, which is ≈150 °C lower compared to salt-free H2O-unsaturated system. Such a low-temperature shift supports the previous models of a broadened P-T area of serpentinite dehydration in the subducting slab. In addition, the present experiments reveal active dissolution of the product Mg silicates, first of all forsterite, in the NaCl-H2O fluid at 600–700 °C/1.5–3 GPa. This implies that dehydrated serpentinites are a potential source of fluids enriched in MgO and SiO2, which play an important role in deep metasomatic processes.
Electron microscopic study of cardiomyocytes taken from healthy Wistar and OXYS rats and naked mole rats
Population structure is an important factor driving genetic changes.

Comparing social (termites) and nonsocial (cockroaches) insects we found the difference in their mitochondrial mutational spectrum: transition transversion ratio (ts/tv) is higher in termites compared to cockroaches

suggesting potential influence of population structure on mutational patterns.
The article investigates modes of becoming of subject of work of Russian industrial engineers. Based on the data of a qualitative sociological survey of workers at Siberian industrial enterprises (the first series of focused interviews)

The mechanism of becoming a subject is studied through the prism of a semiotic analysis of the speech practices of the subjects of labor as a discursive designation by engineers of the real sphere of production relations in a language. The institute of labor is considered as an aggregate discourse space about production relations.

it was concluded that the main modus for the becoming of engineers as subjects of labor is professional self-improvement through overcoming their specific institutional constraints in working life: outdated equipment, lack of spare parts, non-core tasks and lack of time. A common social practice, in line with which this development is procedurally unfolding, is the design of new products and spare parts largely for the needs of the production itself at the enterprise, rather than for the product market, from improvised, old and used materials and aggregates, which leads to downtime and reduced productivity, and at the structural level is expressed in maintaining the status quo situation in the enterprise – the productive force of the staff is spent on extensive maintenance of production capacity , is used idle – part of it is directed to the development of production, its modernization and increase of qualitative and quantitative indicators of products, the production of new types of products of labor. The situation is characterized by the asynchronous nature of the mechanism of production functioning at enterprises: while improving personal professional qualities at the expense of ingenuity and resourcefulness, engineers, nevertheless, are not able to eliminate the technological lag of production from the needs of industry in the volume and quality of goods. The subject is represented as originating at the intersection of two main social institutions – language and labor – as becoming subject in the space of shifting and transition “from temptation of the real – through the symbolic – to the phantasmic” and back.
The paper considers the selection of the optimal parameters of the heuristic algorithm, which is used for mathematical modeling of the chemical-technological process.

This adjustment of the algorithm parameters is called meta-optimization. The gravity search algorithm is used as a heuristic algorithm. Meta-optimization is performed by a genetic algorithm. The meta-optimization is tested on the problem of modeling the process of propane pre-reforming.

It is shown that setting even one parameter of a heuristic algorithm is a time-consuming operation. The article presents the results of the numerical solution of the meta-optimization algorithm.
A problem on generation of unsteady nonlinear waves on the surface of an infinitely deep ideal fluid due to the motion of a submerged elliptical cylinder is considered. It is supposed that the cylinder can rotate in addition to translational two-dimensional motion. The initial formulation of the problem is reduced to an integrodifferential system of equations for the functions defining the free surface shape, the normal and tangential components of velocity on the free boundary. The small-time asymptotics of the solution is constructed in the case of the cylinder that moves with a constant acceleration from rest.
Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation I. A. Kirilova, Yu. P. Sharkeev, S. V. Nikolaev, V. T. Podorozhnaya, P. V. Uvarkin, A. S. Ratushnyak, V. V. Chebodaeva; Physicomechanical properties of the extracellular matrix of a demineralized bone. AIP Conf. Proc. 2 August 2016; 1760 (1): 020027. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4960246 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
We discuss some recent results illustrating the role of input wave-front shaping, propagation dynamics and output beam diagnostics

in order to observe spatial beam cleaning

in nonlinear multimode fibers and amplifiers
BACKGROUND: Guidelines on the required number of ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) readings focus on individual patients. Clinical researchers often face the dilemma of applying recommendations and discarding potentially valuable information or accepting fewer readings. METHODS: Starting from ABP recordings with ≥30/≥10 awake/asleep readings in 4277 participants enrolled in eight population studies in the International Database on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Relation to Cardiovascular Outcomes (IDACO), we randomly selected a certain number of readings (from 30 to 1 awake and 10 to 1 asleep readings) at a time over 1000 bootstraps at each step. We evaluated: (i) concordance of the ABP level; (ii) consistency of the cross-classification based on office blood pressure and ABP; and (iii) accuracy in predicting cardiovascular complications. For each criterion, we fitted a regression line joining data points relating outcome to the number of readings covering the ranges of 30-20/10-7 for awake/asleep readings. RESULTS: Reducing readings widened the SD of the systolic/diastolic differences between full (reference) and selected recordings from 1.7/1.2 (30 readings) to 14.3/10.3 mm Hg (single reading) during wakefulness, and from 1.9/1.4 to 10.3/7.7 mm Hg during sleep; lowered the κ statistic from 0.94 to 0.63, and decreased the hazard ratio associated with 10/5 mm Hg increments in systolic/diastolic ABP from 1.21/1.14 to 1.06/1.04 during wakefulness and from 1.26/1.17 to 1.14/1.08 during sleep. The first data points falling off these regression lines during wakefulness/sleep corresponded to 8/3 and 8/4 readings for criteria (i) and (iii) and to 5 awake readings for criterion (ii). CONCLUSIONS: 24-h ambulatory recordings with ≥8/≥4 awake/asleep readings yielded ABP levels similar to recordings including the guideline-recommended ≥20/≥7 readings. These criteria save valuable data in a research setting, but are not applicable to clinical practice.
Over the years influenza B virus (IBV) contribute annual disease and can lead to serious respiratory disease among humans. More attention should be paid to the mammalian adaptive processes of B viruses and development of vaccines against current influenza. Because of preclinical trials of anti-influenza drugs are conducted mainly on mice, we developed adequate animal model using antigenically-relevant IBV strain for testing anti-influenza drugs and protective efficacy of flu vaccines. We serially passaged Victoria lineage (clade 1A) IBV 17 times in BALB/c mice. The adaptive amino acid substitutions were found in HA (T214I) and NA (D432N). By the electron microscopic examination, we showed spherical and elliptical shapes of IBV. Light microscopy showed that mouse-adapted B virus caused influenza pneumonia on day 6 post inoculation. We evaluated the illness pathogenicity, viral load and histopathological features of mouse-adapted IBV and estimated anti-influenza drugs and vaccine efficiency in vitro and in vivo. Assessment of investigational anti-influenza drug oseltamivir ethoxisuccinate and flu vaccine Ultrix&reg; revealed effectivity against our mouse-adapted influenza B virus.
It is widely believed that Robertsonian rearrangements have played a key role in the chromosome evolution of species of the Sorex araneus group.We present FISH data relating to the distribution of telomeric repeats and 18S rDNA on the chromosomes of Sorex araneus and Sorex granarius, which have karyotypes with almost identical chromosome arms.All chromosomes in S. araneus (Novosibirsk race) are metacentrics, whereas S. granarius has an acrocentric karyotype with two metacentric exceptions.In FISH experiments we revealed telomeric repeats at the ends of all S. araneus chromosomes but only on the short arms of S. granarius acrocentrics, which, as we have shown earlier, amount up to 300 kb in length.FISH signals of the (TTAGGG)n probe and the probe derived by microdissection of the pericentric regions of S. granarius acrocentrics a and b were co-localised or sequentially localised on distinct chromatin fibres of S. granarius.18S rDNA clusters were found at the ends of short arms of 12 out of 16 S. granarius acrocentric pairs.In S. araneus primary cell culture fibroblasts rDNA was found at the ends of the q, t and u arms.However, after long cultivation of these cells an additional FISH signal of rDNA was found at the distal end of the o arm of chromosome go.In some regions the FISH signal of rDNA coincided with the signal of the telomeric probe.We suppose that rapid concerted evolution of telomeric and rDNA led to the repatterning of these repetitive DNA fractions in the sibling species S. araneus and S. granarius as well as the formation of large telomeres with unusual structure at the ends of the S. granarius chromosomes.
Quantum computing and quantum information processing (QC/QIP) crucially depend on the availability of suitable quantum bits (qubits) and methods of their manipulation. Most qubit candidates known to date are not applicable at ambient conditions.

Herein, we propose radical‐grafted mesoporous silica as a versatile and prospective nanoplatform for spin‐based QC/QIP. Extremely stable Blatter‐type organic radicals are used, whose electron spin decoherence time is profoundly long even at room temperature (up to T m ≈2.3 μs), thus allowing efficient spin manipulation by microwave pulses. The mesoporous structure of such composites is nuclear‐spin free and provides additional opportunities of embedding guest molecules into the channels.

Robustness and tunability of these materials promotes them as highly promising nanoplatforms for future QC/QIP developments.
The Vuoriyarvi Devonian alkaline–ultramafic complex (northwest Russia) contains magnesiocarbonatites with rare earth mineralization localized in the Petyayan-Vara area. High concentrations of rare earth elements are found in two types of these rocks: (a) ancylite-dominant magnesiocarbonatites with ancylite–baryte–strontianite–calcite–quartz (±late Ca–Fe–Mg carbonates) ore assemblage, i.e., “ancylite ores”; (b) breccias of magnesiocarbonatites with a quartz–bastnäsite matrix (±late Ca–Fe–Mg carbonates), i.e., “bastnäsite ores.” We studied fluid inclusions in quartz and late-stage Ca–Fe–Mg carbonates from these ore assemblages. Fluid inclusion data show that ore-related mineralization was formed in several stages. We propose the following TX evolution scheme for ore-related processes: (1) the formation of ancylite ores began under the influence of highly concentrated (>50 wt.%) sulphate fluids (with thenardite and anhydrite predominant in the daughter phases of inclusions) at a temperature above300–350 °C; (2) the completion of the formation of ancylite ores and their auto-metasomatic alteration occurred under the influence of concentrated (40–45 wt.%) carbonate fluids (shortite and synchysite–Ce in fluid inclusions) at a temperature above 250–275 °C; (3) bastnäsite ores deposited from low-concentrated (20–30 wt.%) hydrocarbonate–chloride fluids (halite, nahcolite, and/or gaylussite in fluid inclusions) at a temperature of 190–250 °C or higher. Later hydrothermal mineralization was related to the low-concentration hydrocarbonate–chloride fluids (<15 wt.% NaCl-equ.) at 150–200 °C. The presented data show the specific features of the mineral and fluid evolution of ore-related late-stage hydrothermal rare earth element (REE) mineralization of the Vuoriyarvi alkaline–ultramafic complex.
Joint modeling of a number of phenotypes using multivariate methods has often been neglected in genome-wide association studies and if used, replication has not been sought. Modern omics technologies allow characterization of functional phenomena using a large number of related phenotype measures, which can benefit from such joint analysis.

Here, we report a multivariate genome-wide association studies of 23 immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation phenotypes. In the discovery cohort, our multi-phenotype method uncovers ten genome-wide significant loci, of which five are novel (IGH, ELL2, HLA-B-C, AZI1, FUT6-FUT3). We convincingly replicate all novel loci via multivariate tests.

We show that IgG N-glycosylation loci are strongly enriched for genes expressed in the immune system, in particular antibody-producing cells and B lymphocytes. We empirically demonstrate the efficacy of multivariate methods to discover novel, reproducible pleiotropic effects.Multivariate analysis methods can uncover the relationship between phenotypic measures characterised by modern omic techniques. Here the authors conduct a multivariate GWAS on IgG N-glycosylation phenotypes and identify 5 novel loci enriched in immune system genes.
Barley grain at maturity can have yellow, purple, blue, and black pigmentations which are suggested to play a protective role under stress conditions. The first three types of the colors are caused by phenolic compounds flavonoids; the last one is caused by phytomelanins, oxidized and polymerized phenolic compounds. Although the genetic basis of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in barley has been thoroughly studied, there is no data yet on its regulation in purple and black barley grains.

In the current study, genetic model of Hordeum vulgare 'Bowman' near-isogenic lines (NILs) was used to investigate the regulation of the flavonoid biosynthesis in white, purple, and black barley grains. Microsatellite genotyping revealed donor segments in the purple- and black-grained lines on chromosomes 2H (in region of the Ant2 gene determining purple color of grains) and 1H (in region of the Blp gene determining black lemma and pericarp), respectively. The isolated dominant Ant2 allele of the purple-grained line has high level of sequence similarity with the recessive Bowman's ant2 in coding region, whereas an insertion of 179 bp was detected in promoter region of ant2.

This structural divergence between Ant2 and ant2 alleles may underlie their different expression in grain pericarp: Bowman's Ant2 is not transcribed, whereas it was up-regulated in the purple-grained line with coordinately co-expressed flavonoid biosynthesis structural genes (Chs, Chi, F3h, F3'h, Dfr, Ans). This led to total anthocyain content increase in purple-grained line identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Collectively, these results proved the regulatory function of the Ant2 gene in anthocyanin biosynthesis in barley grain pericarp. In the black-grained line, the specific transcriptional regulation of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes was not detected, suggesting that flavonoid pigments are not involved in development of black lemma and pericarp trait.
In the paper [1] authors applied canonical transformation to water wave equation not only to remove cubic nonlinear terms but to simplify drastically fourth order terms in Hamiltonian. After the transformation well-known but cumbersome Zakharov equation is drastically simplified and can be written in X-space in compact way.

The first part of the work is devoted to numerical and analytical study of the integrability of the equation obtained in [1]. In the second part we present generalization of the improved Zakharov equation for the 'almost' 2-D water waves at the surface of deep water. When considering waves slightly inhomogeneous in transverse direction, one can think in the spirit of Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation for Korteveg-de-Vries equation taking into account weak transverse diffraction. Equation can be written instead of classical variables η(x,y,t) and ψ(x,y,t) in terms of canonical normal variable b(x,y,t).

This equation is very suitable for robust numerical simulation. Due to specific structure of nonlinearity in the Hamiltonian the equation can be effectively solved on the computer. It was applied for simulation of sea surface waving including freak waves appearing.
Surprisingly, an interesting property of the Noether charge that it is by itself invariant under the corresponding symmetry transformation is never discussed in quantum field theory or classical mechanics textbooks we have checked.This property is also almost never mentioned in articles devoted to Noether's theorem.

Nevertheless, to prove this property in the context of Lagrangian formalism is not quite trivial and the proof, outlined in this article, can constitute an useful and interesting exercise for students.
Future liquid-argon DarkSide-20k and Argo detectors, designed for direct dark matter search, will be sensitive also to core-collapse supernova neutrinos, via coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. This interaction channel is flavor-insensitive with a high-cross section, enabling for a high-statistics neutrino detection with target masses of ∼50 t and ∼360 t for DarkSide-20k and Argo respectively. Thanks to the low-energy threshold of ∼0.5 keV nr achievable by exploiting the ionization channel, DarkSide-20k and Argo have the potential to discover supernova bursts throughout our galaxy and up to the Small Magellanic Cloud, respectively, assuming a 11-M ☉ progenitor star. We report also on the sensitivity to the neutronization burst, whose electron neutrino flux is suppressed by oscillations when detected via charged current and elastic scattering. Finally, the accuracies in the reconstruction of the average and total neutrino energy in the different phases of the supernova burst, as well as its time profile, are also discussed, taking into account the expected background and the detector response.
For fine particles moving in the gas different regimes of aerodynamic drag are distinguished depending on their sizes and dust to gas relative velocities. In the Epstein or free-molecular regime, the drag force depends on the projected area or cross-section of the body, and in the Stokes or transition regime, on its linear size. Finding the linear size and the projected area for nonspherical particles is a non-trivial task. To describe the mobility of some type of nonspherical particles - fluffy aggregates, considered as a set of spheres - monomers, the value D f called fractal dimension is often used. For such aggregates with fixed fractal dimension D 0 , several authors suggested the approximations of the linear size (called Smoluchowski radius R s ) and projected area PA as a function of N - the number of monomers in the aggregate. These authors validated their approximations on experimental data. On the other hand, new direct numerical simulation (DNS) data on mobility of fractal aggregates have been obtained recently. In the paper we constructed new functions PA(D f ,N) and R s (D f , N) interpolating available from the literature approximations of PA(D f = D 0 ,N) and R s (D f = D 0 ,N) and minimizing the deviation from recent DNS data. These functions are designed for global simulations of protoplanetary discs dynamics and planet formation, but can be used in different applications.
Precise studies of plant, animal and human genomes enable remarkable opportunities of obtained data application in biotechnology and medicine. However, knowing nucleotide sequences isnt enough for understanding of particular genomic elements functional relationship and their role in phenotype formation and disease pathogenesis. In post-genomic era methods allowing genomic DNA sequences manipulation, visualization and regulation of gene expression are rapidly evolving. Though, there are few methods, that meet high standards of efficiency, safety and accessibility for a wide range of researchers.

In 2011 and 2013 novel methods of genome editing appeared - this are TALEN (Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases) and CRISPR (Clustered Regulatory Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)/Cas9 systems. Although TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 appeared recently, these systems have proved to be effective and reliable tools for genome engineering.

Here we generally review application of these systems for genome editing in conventional model objects of current biology, functional genome screening, cell-based human hereditary disease modeling, epigenome studies and visualization of cellular processes. Additionally, we review general strategies for designing TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 and analyzing their activity. We also discuss some obstacles researcher can face using these genome editing tools.