Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The kidney mass is significantly increased in hypertensive ISIAH rats with Inherited Stress Induced Arterial Hypertension as compared with normotensive WAG rats. The QTL/microarray approach was carried out to determine the positional candidate genes in the QTL for absolute and relative kidney weight. Several known and predicted genes differentially expressed in ISIAH and WAG kidney were mapped to genetic loci associated with the absolute and relative kidney weight in 6-month old F2 hybrid (ISIAHxWAG) males. The knowledge-driven filtering of the list of candidates helped to suggest several positional candidate genes, which may be related to the structural and mass changes in hypertensive ISIAH kidney. In the current study, we showed that all loci found for absolute and relative kidney weight didn't overlap with significant or suggestive loci for arterial blood pressure level. So, the genes differentially expressed in ISIAH and WAG kidneys and located in these QTL regions associated with absolute and relative kidney weight shouldn't substantially influence the BP level in the 6 month-old ISIAH rats. However, in some cases, small effects may be suggested. The further experimental validation of causative genes and detection of polymorphisms will provide opportunities to advance our understanding of the underlying nature of structural and mass changes in hypertensive ISIAH kidney.
The production of a high-quality surface of fused silica is an important task for advanced optical technologies.

In this work, the surface of fused silica has been processed by argon cluster ion beam having mean cluster size Nmean ranged from 180 to 1000 atoms/cluster and energy E ranged from 5 to 23.5 keV. The analysis of surface morphology using atomic force microscopy and the spectral power density (PSD) function shows a noticeable smoothing of roughness in different spatial frequency ranges, depending on the cluster ion parameters. To evaluate the processing efficiency, the dependence of the etching rate of SiO2 on the parameters of cluster ions has been investigated.

It is shown that the etching rate vetch is determined by the energy per atom in the cluster E/Nmean and it varies from 0.2 to 20 nm/min with an energy change from 5 to 130 eV/atom.
In this paper, we introduce the new construction of quandles. For a group [Formula: see text] and a subset [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] we construct a quandle [Formula: see text] which is called the [Formula: see text]-quandle and study properties of this quandle. In particular, we prove that if [Formula: see text] is a quandle such that the natural map [Formula: see text] from [Formula: see text] to the enveloping group [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is injective, then [Formula: see text] is the [Formula: see text]-quandle for an appropriate group [Formula: see text] and a subset [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]. Also we introduce the free product of quandles and study this construction for [Formula: see text]-quandles. In addition, we classify all finite quandles with enveloping group [Formula: see text].
A series of experiments was conducted to study the evaporation of single water droplets with volume of 80~150 μl on the polished stainless steel substrate in temperature range of the substrate surface of 25–80°C in 6 mm high mini-channel with gas flow and the Reynolds number of the gas flow within 0-2500. New data on the water drop evaporation depending on the temperature of gas were obtained. The shadow method was the main method of measurement. As a result of experiments the experimental dependences for evaporation were obtained, and the influence of the gas flow rate and temperature on the water drop evaporation was analyzed.
Age-related cognitive changes in the Russian population have not been sufficiently studied. Objective : to assess the time course of changes in cognitive functions (CF) in two serial measurements 9 years apart in the urban population of middle, elder, and senile age and their relationship to education level. Patients and methods . A random male and female sample of45-69-year-old Novosibirsk residents (n=9360; HAPIEE project) was surveyed. CF was tested by standard methods. Resurvey was conducted in a random subsample (n=1663) included in this analysis. The mean follow-up period was 8.8 years (SD 1.1). Results and discussion . The test for semantic verbal fluency revealed its dynamic decline in all age groups, which was steeper in women than in men (p<0.001). Persons aged 70 years and older showed negative changes in memory, verbal fluency, and attention (p<0.001). Persons with primary (6%) and vocational (26%) education had steeper rates of decline in delayed recall (p=0.011; 0.038) than those with university education (35%). Conclusion. It is established that a dynamic decrease in CF begins at the age of55—59years; it is steeper among those aged 70 years and older. An age-related decline in memory function is accelerated in persons with lower educational levels.
The general method of segregation analysis of pedigree data has been developed and widely used in human genetics.

We modified this method to examine pedigree data coming from inter-population crosses. These kinds of pedigrees are common in laboratory and farm animal breeding. This paper describes a rationale for the method and illustrates its application to the study of inheritance of litter size and of male sterility in hybrid stock of the house musk shrew (Suncus murinus) derived from crosses of two geographically isolated populations.
The process of formation of disturbance waves in annular gas-liquid flow was studied using three-dimensional configuration of brightness-based laser-induced fluorescence technique in two ducts of different geometry in the proximity of the inlet.

A method of quantitative characterisation of the degree of transverse coherence of film surface was developed and used to estimate the coordinates of the borders of the three stages.

The process was found to consist of three stages: formation of initial two-dimensional high-frequency waves; fragmentation into localised chaotic 3D-waves and formation of large-scale quasi-2D disturbance waves. All the stages occur closer to the inlet at higher superficial gas velocities and lower liquid flow rates. It was found that the shape of the duct does not exert significant influence of the distance of existence of two-dimensional initial waves, whilst the disturbance waves are formed closer to the inlet in the circular duct.
Experiments were performed in the context of the Advanced Wakefield Experiment (AWAKE).

We study experimentally the longitudinal and transverse wakefields driven by a highly relativistic proton bunch during self-modulation in plasma. We study transverse wakefields using the maximum radius of the proton bunch distribution measured on a screen downstream from the plasma. We study longitudinal wakefields by externally injecting electrons and measuring their final energy.

We show that the wakefields' growth and amplitude increase with increasing seed amplitude as well as with the proton bunch charge in the plasma. Measurements agree with trends predicted by theory and numerical simulations and validate our understanding of the development of self-modulation.
In search of the ancestors of Native American mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups

we analyzed the mtDNA of 531 individuals from nine indigenous populations in Siberia. All mtDNAs were subjected to high‐resolution RFLP analysis, sequencing of the control‐region hypervariable segment I (HVS‐I), and surveyed for additional polymorphic markers in the coding region. Furthermore, the mtDNAs selected according to haplogroup/subhaplogroup status were completely sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses of the resulting data, combined with those from previously published Siberian arctic and sub‐arctic populations

revealed that remnants of the ancient Siberian gene pool are still evident in Siberian populations, suggesting that the founding haplotypes of the Native American A‐D branches originated in different parts of Siberia. Thus, lineage A complete sequences revealed in the Mansi of the Lower Ob and the Ket of the Lower Yenisei belong to A1, suggesting that A1 mtDNAs occasionally found in the remnants of hunting‐gathering populations of northwestern and northern Siberia belonged to a common gene pool of the Siberian progenitors of Paleoindians. Moreover, lineage B1, which is the most closely related to the American B2, occurred in the Tubalar and Tuvan inhabiting the territory between the upper reaches of the Ob River in the west, to the Upper Yenisei region in the east. Finally, the sequence variants of haplogroups C and D, which are most similar to Native American C1 and D1, were detected in the Ulchi of the Lower Amur. Overall, our data suggest that the immediate ancestors of the Siberian/Beringian migrants who gave rise to ancient (pre‐Clovis) Paleoindians have a common origin with aboriginal people of the area now designated the Altai‐Sayan Upland, as well as the Lower Amur/Sea of Okhotsk region.
Simulation results agree with the experimental results reported [F. Braunmller, T. Nechaeva et al. (AWAKE Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 264801 (2020)]: with negative gradients, the charge of the modulated bunch is lower than with positive gradients.

We present numerical simulations and experimental results of the self-modulation of a long proton bunch in a plasma with linear density gradients along the beam path. In addition, the bunch modulation frequency varies with gradient.

Simulation results show that dephasing of the wakefields with respect to the relativistic protons along the plasma is the main cause for the loss of charge. The study of the modulation frequency reveals details about the evolution of the self-modulation process along the plasma. In particular for negative gradients, the modulation frequency across time-resolved images of the bunch indicates the position along the plasma where protons leave the wakefields. Simulations and experimental results are in excellent agreement.
Background.Trabecular bone score obtained by lumbar spine Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry is a novel and insufficiently explored instrument of accessing trabecular bone quality. One of its promising applications is early diagnostics of osteoporosis (OP) before fragility fractures appear. Meanwhile most of systemic inflammatory rheumatic diseases affect bone tissue either directly and indirectly by glucocorticoids consumption. Both factors potentiate OP development and can influence the trabecular bone score.

Materials and Methods.Data analysis of domestic and foreign scientific publications.

Results and Discussion.Authors of analyzed publications note stable association of low trabecular bone score with vertebral fractures, its correlation with local inflammatory markers in lumbar spine and ankylosing spondylitis structural progression. In most studies trabecular bone score do not have association with systemic inflammatory activity and treatment. Conclusion. Trabecular bone score is effective in OP diagnostics in rheumatic patients, evaluation of local inflammatory activity in the lumbar spine and structural progression of ankylosing spondylitis.
Background . High predisposition to sunburn in childhood and associated increased risk of malignant skin tumors development, decrease with age. There is a likelihood of a relationship between the described trends and dynamic age related changes in functional state of melanocytes and melanin.

Aim : to evaluate the level of melanin in the skin in children of different age. Materials and methods. The study involved 78 children aged from 7 to 17 years, without any disorders of skin pigmentation. Three groups of observations were formed: Group 1 - 28 children from 7 to 9 years, Group 2 - 25 children from 10 to 12 years, Group 3 - 25 children from 16 to 17years. The melanin level was evaluated in the skin of face, body and extremities using mexametry.

Results . The highest level of skin melanin was observed in forearms and lower legs in all age groups (up to 28.3 ± 10.8, 23.3 ± 8.6 and 26.7 ± 10.6 c.u. in Group 1, 2 and 3 respectively), the lowest - in cheeks and chest (up to 8.0 ± 4.7, 4.4 ± 3.4 and 9.5 ± 4.1 c.u. in Group 1, 2 and 3 respectively). There were relationships between skin site and level of melanin, but no relationships between level of melanin and gender or age. Findings . The level of melanin in the skin in children aged from 7 to 17 years is individual and depends on the location of the skin area, but does not depend on gender or age. The distribution of melanin in the skin is stable and does not change over time.
Nowadays, the rapidly growing population, climate change, and environment pollution put heavy pressure on fresh water resources. The atmosphere is the immense worldwide and available water source. The Adsorptive Water Harvesting from the Atmosphere (AWHA) method is considered a promising alternative to desalination technologies for remote arid regions. The development of novel adsorbents with advanced water-adsorption properties is a prerequisite for practical realization of this method. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a novel class of porous crystalline solids that bring a great potential for AWHA due to their extremely high specific surface area, porosity, and tailored adsorption properties.

This work addresses MIL-160 as a water adsorbent for AWHA. The water-adsorption equilibrium of MIL-160 was studied by volumetric method, the isosteric heat of adsorption was calculated, and finally, the potential of MIL-160 for AWHA was evaluated for climatic conditions of the deserts of Saudi Arabia, Mongolia, the Sahara, Atacama, and Mojave as reference arid regions.

MIL-160 was shown to ensure a maximum specific water productivity of 0.31–0.33 gH2O/gads per cycle. High fractions of water extracted (0.90–0.98) and collected (0.48–0.97) could be achieved at a regeneration temperature of 80 °C with natural cooling of the condenser by ambient air. The specific energy consumption for water production varied from 3.5 to 6.8 kJ/g, which is acceptable if solar heat is used to drive the desorption. The AWHA method employing MIL-160 is a promising way to achieve a fresh water supply in remote arid areas.
Metamorphic processes play a key role in forming orogenic gold deposits. In this paper, we present new evidence that host schists of the two largest gold deposits of the Yenisey ridge (Russia) Olympiada and Eldorado underwent a single stage of metamorphism in contrast to surrounding blocks. This metamorphism is of moderate thermal gradient and belongs to the Barrovian type, which is typical for the collisional event in the time range 800–850 Ma. The new Ar/Ar age data presented in this paper and the review of magmatic and metamorphic events and ore-forming processes indicate that the most productive stage (gold-sulfide-quartz) correlates well in time with the regional metamorphism of the Barrovian type. This indicates that metamorphic processes can have a crucial role in forming gold deposits of the Yenisey ridge. Carbonaceous material thermometry indicates a wide range of obtained temperatures around 90–150 °C around the mean temperature for each sample. The highest temperatures are close to the peak metamorphic temperatures estimated by garnet-biotite thermometry.
Purpose: To determine gender differences in trends of anxiety, depression and vital exhaustion levels in an open population aged 25-64 years over long-term period - 23 years in Russia / Siberia (Novosibirsk).

Methods: Within the framework of the screening in 1994-95 under the WHO MONICA-psychosocial (MOPSY) program (n = 1527, 43% males, mean age 44.85 ± 0.4 years), in 2003-2005 under the international project HAPIEE (n=1650, 34,9% males, mean age 54,25±0,2 years), in 2013-2016 (n=975, 43,8% males, mean age 34,5±0,4 years) and 2016-2017 гг.( n=663, 41,3% years 51,95±0,32 years) within the framework of the budgetary theme No. АААА-А17-117112850280-2, random representative samples of men and women in one of districts in Novosibirsk were examined. Anxiety traits studied by means of the Spielberger test. Depression and vital exhaustion assessed by MOPSY questionnaires.

Conclusion: The prevalence of affective states is higher in females in general population. Long-term trends in decreasing the prevalence of anxiety, depression and vital exhaustion were not sustainable and returned to levels of 1994.
The paper presents an improvement of the heated thin foil technique, which allows to study nonstationary transport processes.

Mathematically, the problem is reduced to solving the heat equation with data on a time-like surface. A new numerical method for its solving is proposed.

The efficiency of the proposed calculation scheme is demonstrated on a model example.
We present a compilation of published data (field, petrography, ages and geochemistry) from 73 ophiolitic complexes of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The ophiolitic complexes, ranging in age from Neoproterozoic to Triassic, have been geochemically classified as subduction-related and subduction-unrelated categories applying recent, well-established discrimination diagrams. The subduction-unrelated category is further subdivided into Mid-Ocean Ridge type (MOR), a common rift-drift stage and Plume type, and the subduction-related category is subdivided into Backarc (BA), Forearc (FA), Backarc to Forearc (BA-FA) and Volcanic Arc (VA) types. The four subduction-related types define highly different geochemical features, with the BA and FA types defining end members showing subduction influence of 10%–100% and 90%–100% subduction influence, respectively, and the two other types (BA-FA and VA) define values between the two end members. The subduction-related category comprises 79% of the examined ophiolites, of which the BA type ophiolites is by far the dominant group, followed by the BA-FA type, and with FA and VA types as subordinate groups. The Neoproterozoic and Ordovician complexes exhibit the highest, whereas those of Silurian age exhibit the lowest subduction-influence. Of the remaining 21% subduction-unrelated ophiolites, the MOR type dominates. Both the subduction-related and subduction-unrelated types, in particular the latter, are commonly associated with alkaline basalts taken to represent ocean island magmatism. Harzburgite, dunite, gabbro and basalt are the common lithologies in all ophiolite types, whereas the BA-FA, FA and VA types generally contain intermediate to felsic rocks, and in the FA type boninites occur. The subduction-related ophiolites types generally show low metamorphic grade, whereas greenschist, amphibolite and blueschist grades occur in the subduction-unrelated and BA types. The highly different subduction contribution (from 0 to 100% in the MOR and FA, respectively), attest to variable dips of the subducting slab, as well as variable flux of subduction-related elements into the mantle above subducting slabs, from where the ophiolite magmas got their geochemical fingerprints. As most MOR ophiolites get subducted to the deep mantle, the subduction-related ophiolites have become a dominant ophiolitic type on Earth's surface through all times supporting the idea about the early start of Plate Tectonics.
The aim of the study was to investigate whether visual stimuli have the same potency to increase electroencephalography (EEG) delta wave power density during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep as do auditory stimuli that may be practical in the treatment of some sleep disturbances.

Nine healthy subjects underwent two polysomnography sessions-adaptation and experimental-with EEG electrodes positioned at Fz-Cz. Individually adjusted auditory (pink noise) and visual (light-emitting diode (LED) red light) paired 50-ms signals were automatically presented via headphones/eye mask during NREM sleep, shortly (0.75-0.90 s) after the EEG wave descended below a preset amplitude threshold (closed-loop in-phase stimulation). The alternately repeated 30-s epochs with stimuli of a given modality (light, sound, or light and sound simultaneously) were preceded and followed by 30-s epochs without stimulation. The number of artifact-free 1.5-min cycles taken in the analysis was such that the cycles with stimuli of different modalities were matched by number of stimuli presented.

Acoustic stimuli caused an increase (p 0.01) and did not add to the acoustic stimuli effects. Thus, dim red light presented in a closed-loop in-phase fashion did not influence EEG power density during nocturnal sleep.
We present an arhaeoparasitological analysis of a unique burial from the Neftprovod II burial ground in East Siberia, which dated from the Bronze Age.

Analysis of a sediment sample from the sacral region of the pelvis revealed the presence of Taenia sp. eggs. Because uncooked animal tissue is the primary source of Taenia, this indicated that the individual was likely consuming raw or undercooked meat of roe deer, red deer, or elk infected with Taenia.

This finding represents the oldest case of a human infected with Taenia sp. from Eastern Siberia and Russia.
Obwohl der cyclo‐P 6 ‐Komplex [(Cp*Mo) 2 (μ,η 6 :η 6 ‐P 6 )] ( 1 ) vor 30 Jahren beschrieben wurde, ist nur sehr wenig über seine Chemie bekannt.

Hier berichten wir über die Synthese von Komplex 1 in hohen Ausbeuten, eines weiteren Komplexes 2 , der einen beispiellosen cyclo‐P 10 ‐Liganden besitzt, und die Reaktivität von 1 gegenüber den "nackten" Kationen Cu + , Ag + und Tl + . Neben der Bildung der einfachen Oxidationsprodukte 3 a , b , die eine bis‐allylische Verzerrung des cyclo‐P 6 ‐Mitteldecks zeigen, werden [M( 1 ) 2 ] + ‐Komplexe beschrieben, die verzerrt quadratisch‐planar (M=Cu ( 4 a ), Ag ( 4 b )) oder verzerrt tetraedrisch koordinierte (M=Cu ( 5 )) M + ‐Kationen aufweisen. Die verwendeten Lösungsmittel ermöglichen die Kontrolle der Reaktionsprodukte, was für Cu + mittels Pulver‐XRD belegt wurde und durch DFT‐Rechnungen bestätigt wird.

Die Reaktion mit Tl + ergibt ein schichtartiges zweidimensionales Koordinationsnetzwerk im Festkörper.