Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
We present a measurement of angular observables and a test of lepton flavor universality in the $B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{*}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\ell}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decay, where $\ensuremath{\ell}$ is either $e$ or $\ensuremath{\mu}$. The analysis is performed on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $711\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ containing $772\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1{0}^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs, collected at the $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the asymmetric-energy ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collider KEKB. The result is consistent with standard model (SM) expectations, where the largest discrepancy from a SM prediction is observed in the muon modes with a local significance of $2.6\ensuremath{\sigma}$.
In this work we propose a NLSE-based model of power and spectral properties of the random distributed feedback (DFB) fiber laser.The model is based on coupled set of non-linear Schrödinger equations for pump and Stokes waves with the distributed feedback due to Rayleigh scattering.The model considers random backscattering via its average strength, i.e. we assume that the feedback is incoherent.In addition, this allows us to speed up simulations sufficiently (up to several orders of magnitude).We found that the model of the incoherent feedback predicts the smooth and narrow (comparing with the gain spectral profile) generation spectrum in the random DFB fiber laser.The model allows one to optimize the random laser generation spectrum width varying the dispersion and nonlinearity values: we found, that the high dispersion and low nonlinearity results in narrower spectrum that could be interpreted as four-wave mixing between different spectral components in the quasi-mode-less spectrum of the random laser under study could play an important role in the spectrum formation.Note that the physical mechanism of the random DFB fiber laser formation and broadening is not identified yet.We investigate temporal and statistical properties of the random DFB fiber laser dynamics.Interestingly, we found that the intensity statistics is not Gaussian.The intensity auto-correlation function also reveals that correlations do exist.The possibility to optimize the system parameters to enhance the observed intrinsic spectral correlations to further potentially achieved pulsed (mode-locked) operation of the mode-less random distributed feedback fiber laser is discussed.
The organic linker in a metal organic framework (MOF) affects its adsorption behavior and performance, and its structure and dynamics play a role in the modulation of the adsorption properties.

In this work, the combination of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) longitudinal relaxometry and theoretical calculations allowed details of the structure and dynamics of the organic linker in the NH2-MIL-125 MOF to be obtained. In particular, fast field cycling (FFC) NMR, applied here for the first time on MOFs, was used to disclose the dynamics of the amino group and its electronic environment through the analysis of the 14N quadrupole relaxation peaks, observed in the frequency interval 0.5-5 MHz, at different temperatures from 25 to 110 °C. The line width of the peaks allowed a lower boundary on the rotational correlation time of the N-H bonds to be set, whereas relevant changes in the amplitudes were interpreted in terms of a change in the orientation of the 14N averaged electric field gradient tensor. The experimental findings were complemented by quantum chemistry calculations and classical molecular dynamics simulations.
One of the two X chromosomes in female mammalian cells is subject to inactivation (XCI) initiated by the Xist gene. In this study, we examined in rodents (voles and rat) the conservation of the microsatellite region DXPas34, the Tsix gene (antisense counterpart of Xist), and enhancer Xite that have been shown to flank Xist and regulate XCI in mouse.

We have found that mouse regions of the Tsix gene major promoter and minisatellite repeat DXPas34 are conserved among rodents. We have also shown that in voles and rat the region homologous to the mouse Tsix major promoter, initiates antisense to Xist transcription and terminates around the Xist gene start site as is observed with mouse Tsix. A conservation of Tsix expression pattern in voles, rat and mice suggests a crucial role of the antisense transcription in regulation of Xist and XIC in rodents. Most surprisingly, we have found that voles lack the regions homologous to the regulatory element Xite, which is instead replaced with the Slc7a3 gene that is unassociated with the X-inactivation centre in any other eutherians studied. Furthermore, we have not identified any transcription that could have the same functions as murine Xite in voles.

Overall, our data show that not all the functional elements surrounding Xist in mice are well conserved even within rodents, thereby suggesting that the regulation of XCI may be at least partially taxon-specific.
We consider an ill-posed initial boundary value problem for the Helmholtz equation. This problem is reduced to the inverse continuation problem for the Helmholtz equation.

We solve numerically the inverse problem using the Tikhonov regularization, Godunov approach, and the Landweber iteration.

We prove the well-posedness of the direct problem and obtain a stability estimate of its solution. Comparative analysis of these methods is presented.
This article summarizes the findings relating to a spatially localized group of graves at the Andronovo (Fedorovka) cemetery Tartas-1 in the Baraba forest-steppe. Several rows of graves combine with ash pits suggestive of ritual activity. In the infill of graves, there were ash lenses with mammal and fish bones, and potsherds with traces showing the signs of applied heat. Ash had been taken from nearby ash pits with similar infill and artifacts. Faunal remains from graves and ash pits (limb bones of cattle, sheep/goat, and horse) indicate sacrificial offerings. In the ash layer of grave No. 282, there was an incomplete human burial, also believed to be a sacrifice. Features such as the orientation of the graves, their alignment, the position of human remains, and the grave goods in that area are similar to the Andronovo (Fedorovka) burial practice and do not differ from those in other parts of the cemetery. No complete parallels to this rite have been revealed. Some similarities, such as the use of ash, and the presence of animal bones, sacrificial pits, etc. at other sites are listed. A reconstruction of the funerary sequence and possible interpretations are considered. It is concluded that those graves were left by a group of Andronovo migrants who maintained close ties with the native population. Unusual features of the burial rite, therefore, can reflect an attempt to consolidate the immigrant groups on the basis of traditional ritual practices, where the major role was played by fire and its symbols.
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is currently the method of choice for malignancy prediction in thyroid nodules. Nevertheless, in some cases the interpretation of FNAC results may be problematic due to limitations of the method. The expression level of some microRNAs changes with the development of thyroid tumors, and its quantitation can be used to refine the FNAC results. For this quantitation to be reliable, the obtained data must be adequately normalized. Currently, no reference genes are universally recognized for quantitative assessments of microRNAs in thyroid nodules.

The aim of the present study was the selection and validation of such reference genes. Expression of 800 microRNAs in 5 paired samples of thyroid surgical material corresponding to different histotypes of tumors was analyzed using Nanostring technology and four of these (hsa-miR-151a-3p, -197-3p, -99a-5p and -214-3p) with the relatively low variation coefficient were selected. The possibility of use of the selected microRNAs and their combination as references was estimated by RT-qPCR on a sampling of cytological smears: benign (n=226), atypia of undetermined significance (n=9), suspicious for follicular neoplasm (n=61), suspicious for malignancy (n=19), medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) (n=32), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (n=54) and non-diagnostic material (ND) (n=34). In order to assess the expression stability of the references, geNorm algorithm was used. Further validation of the complex normalizer and individual selected microRNAs was performed using 5 different classification methods on 3 groups of FNAC smears from the analyzed batch: benign neoplasms, MTC and PTC.

The maximum stability was observed for the normalization factor obtained by the combination of all 4 microRNAs. In all cases, the use of the complex classifier resulted in the reduced number of errors. On using the complex microRNA normalizer, the decision-tree method C4.5 makes it possible to distinguish between malignant and benign thyroid neoplasms in cytological smears with high overall accuracy (>91%).
In this study we report the endemic Altai species, Eisenia tracta, for the first time. The ancestral region of this species are non-moral forests of Kazakhstan. The species lives in the key habitats of rare and protected species in the region: waterlogged tall grass forests located on slopes or in gullies, is rare and needs protection.
In the present paper we summarize the methods and results of calculations for the theoretical informational quantities obtained in our works for the nondispersive optical fiber channel. We considered two models: the per-sample model and the model where the input signal depends on time. For these models we found the approach for the calculation of the mutual information exactly in the nonlinearity parameter but for the large signal-to-noise power ratio. Using this approach for the per-sample model we found the lower bound of the channel capacity in the intermediate power range.
A strategy for improving export and import of Russian regions requires the identification of macroeconomic factors affecting their foreign trade. According to the scientific principle of deduction (from general to particular), trends observed in highly aggregated objects should be assessed first. Time series for foreign trade of the Siberian Federal District were analysed and compared with those of the Russian Federation, Central Federal District and the city of Moscow.

Methods of comparative, structural, expert analysis, statistical estimation and econometric modelling are utilised in the research. Application of the method of stepwise regression based on partial correlations demonstrated the significant influence of world oil prices and the weak impact of sanctions for Russian trade.

The study demonstrates that the separation of profit centres and production sites through legal registration of company head offices (the mechanism called «administrative resource») negatively affects regional exports, as well as other aspects. 2018–2019 ratings of Russian regions in terms of production, volume of operations and gross regional product (GRP) per capita revealed the centre’s monopoly in the mining and manufacturing sectors, causing further centralisation of regional budgetary resources. It was statistically confirmed that trade in the Siberian Federal District primarily depends on world metal prices, and then the rouble exchange rate, while the influence of the price of oil, whose export was practically taken out of the region, is quite weak. The proposed combination of profit centres with places of its generation is considered as an effective tool for regional equalisation of the foreign trade effect, aimed at overcoming the socio-economic heterogeneity of regions without involving the federal budget. The obtained results can be used by government bodies and research centres for developing regional strategies.
Aim. To establish associations of the prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and factors of psychoemotional stress in men of the open urban population in the age group 4564 years after two decades of life. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional epidemiological study using a model of the city of Tyumen was conducted on a representative sample of the population among males of mature age (4564 years). Based on standard epidemiological methods, IHD was established according to strict epidemiological criteria definite IHD. The study of the factors of psycho-emotional stress (depression, hostility, life exhaustion) was carried out according to the algorithms of the World Health Organization program MONICA-psychosocial. When calculating the odds ratio for the development of IHD, a low level of psycho-emotional stress factors was regarded as the absence of a sign, a combination of medium and high levels as a presence. Results. The prevalence of ischemic heart disease in the open population (on the model of Tyumen) according to strict epidemiological criteria in men aged 4554 years was 8.2%, at the age of 5564 years 19.2%, a predominance of painless form of ischemic heart disease was revealed. According to the levels of factors of psychoemotional stress in mature men, mainly the average level of depression and life exhaustion, a high level of hostility were established. In men of an open population (on the model of Tyumen), depending on the psychoemotional stress, a high risk of developing a certain coronary heart disease was established in the age categories 4554 and 5564 years old in the presence of depression, at the age of 5564 years in the presence of hostility or life exhaustion. Conclusion. Consequently, the data obtained indicate the importance of further studying the factors of psychoemotional stress in men of mature age in Siberian populations, their relationships with conventional risk factors for coronary artery disease, as well as the advisability of preventive measures aimed at weakening the influence of not only conventional risk factors, but also factors of psycho-emotional stress. among the Russian population.
It is demonstrated that a minimum laser cooling temperature for two-level atom in standing wave reached for red detuning close to 3 recoil frequency, greatly different from the theory used for a semiclassical description of Doppler cooling.

We study the laser cooling of atoms with a narrow-line optical transition in monochromatic laser light, i.e. in regimes of quantum nature of laser-light interactions resulting in a significant recoil effect. A set of dimensionless parameters uniquely characterizing the time evolution and the steady state of different atoms with narrow-line optical transitions in the laser field is introduced.

The results can be used for analysis of optimal conditions for laser cooling of atoms with narrow lines such as Ca, Sr, and Mg, which are of great interest for atomic clocks.
The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR, NR1I3) is extremely important for the regulation of many physiological processes, especially xenobiotic (drug) metabolism and transporters. CAR differs from steroid hormone receptors in that it can be activated using structurally unrelated chemicals, both through direct ligand-binding and ligand-independent (indirect) mechanisms.

By binding to specific responsive elements on DNA, CAR increases the expression of its target genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Therefore, CAR is mainly characterized as a ligand-dependent or ligand-independent transcription factor, and the induction of gene expression is considered the canonical mode of CAR action.

Consistent with its central role in xenobiotic metabolism, CAR signaling includes a collection of mechanisms that are employed alongside the core transcriptional machinery of the receptor. These so-called noncanonical CAR pathways allow the receptor to coordinate the regulation of many aspects of cell biology. In this mini-review, we review noncanonical CAR signaling, paying special attention to the role of CAR in energy homeostasis and cell proliferation.
The $CP$-violating weak phase $ϕ_\mathrm{s}$ and the decay width difference $ΔΓ_\mathrm{s}$ between the light and heavy B$^0_\mathrm{s}$ mass eigenstates are measured with the CMS detector at the LHC in a sample of 48 500 reconstructed B$^0_\mathrm{s}$ $\to$ J$/ψ\, ϕ$(1020) $\to$ $μ^+μ^-$K$^+$K$^-$ events.

The measurement is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 96.4 fb$^{-1}$, collected in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV in 2017-2018. To extract the values of $ϕ_\mathrm{s}$ and $ΔΓ_\mathrm{s}$, a time-dependent and flavor-tagged angular analysis of the $μ^+μ^-$K$^+$K$^-$ final state is performed. The analysis employs a dedicated tagging trigger and a novel opposite-side muon flavor tagger based on machine learning techniques.

The measurement yields $ϕ_\mathrm{s} = -$11 $\pm$ 50 (stat) $\pm$ 10 (syst) mrad and $ΔΓ_\mathrm{s} =$ 0.114 $\pm$ 0.014 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) ps$^{-1}$, in agreement with the standard model predictions. When combined with the previous CMS measurement at $\sqrt{s} =$ 8 TeV, the following values are obtained: $ϕ_\mathrm{s} = -$21 $\pm$ 44 (stat) $\pm$ 10 (syst) mrad, $ΔΓ_\mathrm{s} =$ 0.1032 $\pm$ 0.0095 (stat) $\pm$ 0.0048 (syst) ps$^{-1}$, a significant improvement over the 8 TeV result.
The study aims at solving the fundamental and applied problems of hydrogeology and hydrogeochemistry of the Zaeltsovsko-Mochishchensky zone of radon waters in the northwestern district of the city of Novosibirsk. Novosibirsk is one of the few Russian cities built on granites that emit radon ( 222 Rn). In geological terms, the study area is confined to the NW near-contact zone of the large Novosibirsk granitoid massif. The available data on radon in this area has not been scientifically consolidated yet. We used the methods of S.L. Shvartsev, N.M. Kruglikov, V.V. Nelyubin, O.N. Yakovlev, and V.M. Matusevich and software packages Visual Minteq, PhreeqC, WATEQ4f and HG-32 and obtained physical and chemical calculations for the forms of migration of trace elements in radon waters and estimated the degrees of radon water saturation with rock-forming minerals. The data from hydrogeological profiles and hydrogeochemical sampling (118 samples from 57 water wells and sources) were analyzed. Radon waters are fissure-type, cold (6–10 °С) and occur at a depth of 50–200 m. By their chemical composition (according to the classification proposed by S.А. Shchukarev), the waters are mainly hydro-carbonate calcium and hydro-carbonate calcium-sodium; the total mineralization amounts to 322–895 mg/dm 3 . All the water wells drilled in granites and near-contact hornfels were tested for radon. It is revealed that the 222 Rn concentration in water varies widely, from 11 to 801 Bq/dm 3 . Therefore, such waters are classified as low-radon and moderate-radon mineral waters (according to the classification proposed by N.I. Tolstikhin). In the wells drilled in hornfels, the 222 Rn concentration in water is 37–241 Bq/dm 3 . The concentrations of 238 U and 226 Ra do not exceed 0.098 and 1.9∙10 –9 mg/dm 3 , respectively. Physicochemical simulation shows that Ag + , Ba 2+ , Zn 2+ , Ni 2+ , Mn 2+ , Sr 2+ , Fe 2+ migrate mainly as free ions, while Be 2+ , Fe 3+ , Zr 4+ , Ti 4+ migrate as hydroxide complexes. Uranium is mainly present in uranyl-carbonate complexes of calcium: Ca 2 UO 2 (CO 3 ) 3 (aq) (61–75 %) and CaUO 2 (CO 3 ) 3 2– (25–36 %). Calculations show abundant saturation of the waters with calcite, dolomite, ferrihydrite, greenalite, hausmannite, manganite, quartz, rutile, siderite, lepidocrocite, goethite, and pyrolusite. The mineral phases, such as aragonite, barite, chalcedony, cristobalite, vaterite, and amorphous silicon dioxide are in equilibrium. Several samples show saturation of the waters with relatively rare phosphorus-containing minerals: hydroxyapatite, manganese hydrogen phosphate, cerargyrite, and lead molybdate. The radon waters are not saturated with monohydrocalcite, calcium molybdate, celestite, chrysotile, copper hydroxide, copper molybdate, epsomite, huntite, amorphous and crystalline iron hydroxide (II), gypsum, iron molybdate (II), magnesite, lansfordite, Na-jarosite, nesquehonite, powellite, strontianite, tenorite, witherite, and zirconium dioxide.
previous best measurements, theoretical expectations

measurements using proton-proton collision data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb⁻¹ collected by the LHCb experiment, decays reconstructed in specific channels, using Λb⁰→Λc⁺π⁻ mode as reference

mass and lifetime measurements with improved precision, consistent with theoretical expectations
The expression level of each gene is controlled by its regulatory regions, which determine the precise regulation in a tissue-specific manner, according to the developmental stage of the body and the necessity of a response to external stimuli. Nucleotide substitutions in regulatory gene regions may modify the affinity of transcription factors to their specific DNA binding sites, affecting the transcription rates of genes. In our previous research, we found that genes controlling the sensory perception of smell and genes involved in antigen processing and presentation were overrepresented significantly among genes with high SNP contents in their promoter regions.

The goal of our study was to reveal functional features of human genes containing extremely small numbers of SNPs in promoter regions.

Two functional groups were found to be overrepresented among genes whose promoters did not contain SNPs: (1) genes involved in gene-specific transcription and (2) genes controlling chromatin organization. We revealed that the 5'-regulatory regions of genes encoding transcription factors and chromatin-modifying proteins were characterized by reduced genetic variability. One important exception from this rule refers to genes encoding transcription factors with zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains (DBDs), which underwent extensive expansion in vertebrates, particularly, in primate evolution. Hence, we obtained new evidence for evolutionary forces shaping variability in 5'-regulatory regions of genes.
The measurement of two-particle angular correlation functions in high-multiplicity e^{+}e^{-} collisions at sqrt[s]=10.52 GeV is reported. In this study, the 89.5 fb^{-1} of hadronic e^{+}e^{-} annihilation data collected by the Belle detector at KEKB are used.

Two-particle angular correlation functions are measured in the full relative azimuthal angle (Δϕ) and three units of pseudorapidity (Δη), defined by either the electron beam axis or the event-shape thrust axis, and are studied as a function of charged-particle multiplicity. The measurement in the thrust axis analysis, with mostly outgoing quark pairs determining the reference axis, is sensitive to the region of additional soft gluon emissions.

No significant anisotropic collective behavior is observed with either coordinate analyses. Near-side jet correlations appear to be absent in the thrust axis analysis. The measurements are compared to predictions from various event generators and are expected to provide new constraints to the phenomenological models in the low-energy regime.