Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
Three-body F\"orster resonances at long-range interactions of Rydberg atoms were first predicted and observed in Cs Rydberg atoms by Faoro et al. [Nat. Commun. 6, 8173 (2015)]. In these resonances, one of the atoms carries away an energy excess preventing the two-body resonance, leading thus to a Borromean type of F\"orster energy transfer. But they were in fact observed as the average signal for the large number of atoms $N\ensuremath{\gg}1$. In this Letter, we report on the first experimental observation of the three-body F\"orster resonances $3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}n{P}_{3/2}(|M|)\ensuremath{\rightarrow}n{S}_{1/2}+(n+1){S}_{1/2}+n{P}_{3/2}(|{M}^{*}|)$ in a few Rb Rydberg atoms with $n=36$, 37. We have found here clear evidence that there is no signature of the three-body F\"orster resonance for exactly two interacting Rydberg atoms, while it is present for $N=3--5$ atoms. This demonstrates the assumption that three-body resonances can generalize to any Rydberg atom. As such resonance represents an effective three-body operator, it can be used to directly control the three-body interactions in quantum simulations and quantum information processing with Rydberg atoms.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a terminal, age-related neurological syndrome exhibiting progressive cognitive and memory decline, however AD patients in addition exhibit ancillary neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) and these include aggression. In this communication we provide recent evidence for the mis-regulation of a small family of genes expressed in the human hippocampus that appear to be significantly involved in expression patterns common to both AD and aggression. DNA array- and mRNA transcriptome-based gene expression analysis and candidate gene association and/or genome-wide association studies (CGAS, GWAS) of aggressive attributes in humans have revealed a surprisingly small subset of six brain genes that are also strongly associated with altered gene expression patterns in AD. These genes encoded on five different chromosomes (chr) include the androgen receptor (AR; chrXq12), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF; chr11p14.1), catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT; chr22q11.21), neuronal specific nitric oxide synthase (NOS1; chr12q24.22), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH chr9q34.2) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH1, chr11p15.1 and TPH2, chr12q21.1). Interestingly, (i) the expression of three of these six genes (COMT, DBH, NOS1) are highly variable; (ii) three of these six genes (COMT, DBH, TPH1) are involved in DA or serotonin metabolism, biosynthesis and/or neurotransmission; and (iii) five of these six genes (AR, BDNF, COMT, DBH, NOS1) have been implicated in the development, onset and/or propagation of schizophrenia. The magnitude of the expression of genes implicated in aggressive behavior appears to be more pronounced in the later stages of AD when compared to MCI. These recent genetic data further indicate that the extent of cognitive impairment may have some bearing on the degree of aggression which accompanies the AD phenotype.
New results of the e© e π © π K© K K S K L π 0 γ η 0 γ processes cross section measurements are presented. The results are based on the 30 pb 1 data, accumulated by SND detector at VEPP-2M e© e collider in the energy range s 0 4 1 4 GeV during 1995-2000 years.

The comparison with existing experimental data shows that the measurement accuracy is close to or better than the world average. For the e© e π © π process the accuracy is 1%.

This is important for calculation of hadronic contribution into the muon anomalous magnetic moment.
The article discusses trends in agriculture development in digitalization direction, substantiates need for monitoring pH level throughout year. The main solutions existing on market at moment are given, as well as need to develop a pH sensor for USKD-Agro hardware and software complex.

The article discusses in detail the ongoing physical and chemical processes, on them basis pH level is determined, circuitry solutions used, as well as pH sensor implementation.

The article describes the sensor calibration process, methodology and test results.
The paper offers a detailed interpretation of the proem of Parmenides’ great Poem. The subjects discussed include the relationship Parmenides could possibly have with the Orphic movement (particularly the Derveni cosmology), the identity of the hero of the poem and the goddess that reveals him the truth, the topographic peculiarities of his heavenly travel, some technical questions, etc. In general, my intention is to demonstrate that the rich cultural and literary context of the proem decisively contributes to a clearer understanding of philosophical ideas, for the first time expressed by Parmenides.
A precise measurement of the cross section for the process e+e−→K+K−(γ) from threshold to an energy of 5 GeV is obtained with the initial-state radiation (ISR) method using 232 fb−1 of data collected with the BABAR detector at e+e− center-of-mass energies near 10.6 GeV. The measurement uses the effective ISR luminosity determined from the e+e−→μ+μ−(γ)γISR process with the same data set. The corresponding lowest-order contribution to the hadronic vacuum polarization term in the muon magnetic anomaly is found to be aμKK,LO=(22.93±0.18stat±0.22syst)×10−10. The charged kaon form factor is extracted and compared to previous results. Its magnitude at large energy significantly exceeds the asymptotic QCD prediction, while the measured slope is consistent with the prediction.26 MoreReceived 21 June 2013DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.88.032013© 2013 American Physical Society
The work aimed was to identify the effect of varieties on the parasitic activity of Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. Shoem. in the system of underground and aboveground organs of spring wheat. The research was carried out in 2020-2021 in the northern forest-steppe of Priobye region. The tasks of the study were to investigate the development of root rot and the etiology of the disease on the underground organs of a number of spring wheat varieties of different geographical origin; determine the role of varieties in the manifestation of dark brown leaf spot and black germ of spring wheat grain; establish the presence or absence of relationships between forms of helminthosporium; identify the effect of varieties on the intensity of reproduction B. Sorokiniana on root leaves and the number of conidia of the phytopathogen in the rhizosphere soil The authors used a collection of 15 varieties of spring wheat. The study did not identify any varieties whose underground organs showed resistance to fusarium-helminthosporium rot. Root rot development averaged over the organs to reach 3.8 units of Economic Threshold of Harmfulness (ETH) in 2020, and in 2021 - 4.4 units of ETH. The effect of the “variety” factor on the incidence of root rot in spring wheat was 31.8% and the “year” factor 30.3%. The authors presented the etiology of root rot of spring wheat cultivars by Bipolaris sorokiniana Sacc. Shoem. and fungi of the genus Fusarium Link. The ratio of phytopathogenes on underground organs was determined by conditions of the year and phytosanitary state of soil; the ratio varied from 1:1 to 11:1 with predominance of fungi of genus Fusarium. The prevalence of brown spot disease reached 1.9 units to 5 units ETH in the lactic maturity phase of the cultivars. The correlation coefficient between the development of root rot and the prevalence of dark brown spot was 0.526±251 and was statistically reliable. Variety differences in the prevalence of grain black spot reached 11.4 times, 3 varieties (Sibirskaya 17, Novosibirskaya 15, Ruslada) were affected at the threshold level; 4 varieties were affected to a moderate degree; 7 varieties were severely affected. Коэффициент корреляции распространенности темно-бурой пятнистости и черноты зародыша составил 0,521±232 и был статистически достоверным на 1%-м уровне значимости. The authors used Ward’s hierarchical clustering method to divide the plants into two groups according to the sporulation dynamics of B. sorokiniana on the root leaves of spring wheat. The first group of spring wheat was with a uniform rate. The second group were varieties of wheat with an exponential jump in sporulation intensity. The varieties Jin Chun 2 (China) and K-65834 (Tajikistan) were the most active sources of B. sorokiniana reproduction in both study years. The size of the soil population of the phytopathogen reflected the intensity
Recent results on various cross sections of e+e−→hadrons obtained with the SND and CMD3 detectors at the VEPP-2000 collider in the energy range up to 2 GeV are presented. The final states studied include e+e−→π+π−, K+K−, π+π−π0, π+π−π0π0, ηπ+π−, ωη, ηγ and others. The measured cross sections are important since they contribute to the total hadronic cross section, muon g-2 and parameters of excited vector mesons. The nucleon-antinucleon production at threshold was also studied.
The notion of a word-representable graph has been studied in a series of papers in the literature. A graph $G=(V,E)$ is word-representable if there exists a word $w$ over the alphabet $V$ such that letters $x$ and $y$ alternate in $w$ if and only if $xy$ is an edge in $E$. If $V =\{1, \ldots, n\}$, this is equivalent to saying that $G$ is word-representable if for all $x,y \in \{1, \ldots, n\}$, $xy \in E$ if and only if the subword $w_{\{x,y\}}$ of $w$ consisting of all occurrences of $x$ or $y$ in $w$ has no consecutive occurrence of the pattern 11.In this paper, we introduce the study of $u$-representable graphs for any word $u \in \{1,2\}^*$. A graph $G$ is $u$-representable if and only if there is a vertex-labeled version of $G$, $G=(\{1, \ldots, n\}, E)$, and a word $w \in \{1, \ldots, n\}^*$ such that for all $x,y \in \{1, \ldots, n\}$, $xy \in E$ if and only if $w_{\{x,y\}}$ has no consecutive occurrence of the pattern $u$. Thus, word-representable graphs are just $11$-representable graphs. We show that for any $k \geq 3$, every finite graph $G$ is $1^k$-representable. This contrasts with the fact that not all graphs are 11-representable graphs.The main focus of the paper is the study of $12$-representable graphs. In particular, we classify the $12$-representable trees. We show that any $12$-representable graph is a comparability graph and the class of $12$-representable graphs include the classes of co-interval graphs and permutation graphs. We also state a number of facts on $12$-representation of induced subgraphs of a grid graph.
The paper is devoted to the experimental study of convection in a horizontal evaporating liquid layer (ethanol) of limited size under the action of gas flow (air).

The two-dimensional velocity field in the liquid layer is obtained using the PIV method.

The existence of a vortex convective flow within a liquid layer directed towards the gas flow has been revealed.
By the numerical simulation of forced convection in microchannel with aspect ratio of 100:1 the experimental approach of calculating heat loss was verified.

Experimental results on conjugate convective heat transfer are in good agreement with numerically obtained results for the distribution of the temperature and heat transfer coefficient for a laminar flow. Numerical and experimental results are discussed and explained for used test section.

Proposed approach could be used to verify experimental data on heat transfer characteristics obtained in microchannels.
The search for life beyond Earth has focused on Mars and the icy moons Europa and Enceladus, all of which are considered a safe haven for life due to evidence of current or past water. The surface of Venus, on the other hand, has extreme conditions that make it a nonhabitable environment to life as we know it. This is in contrast, however, to its cloud layer, which, while still an extreme environment, may prove to be a safe haven for some extreme forms of life similar to extremophiles on Earth.

We consider the venusian clouds a habitable environment based on the presence of (1) a solvent for biochemical reactions, (2) appropriate physicochemical conditions, (3) available energy, and (4) biologically relevant elements. The diversity of extreme microbial ecosystems on Earth has allowed us to identify terrestrial chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms that may be analogs to putative venusian organisms. Here, we hypothesize and describe biological processes that may be performed by such organisms in the venusian clouds. To detect putative venusian organisms, we describe potential biosignature detection methods, which include metal-microbial interactions and optical methods.

Finally, we describe currently available technology that can potentially be used for modeling and simulation experiments.
The critical environmental situation in the region of southwestern Siberia (Komsomolsk settlement, Kemerovo region) is the result of the intentional displacement of mine tailings with high sulfide concentrations. During storage, ponds of acidic water with incredibly high arsenic (up to 4 g/L) and metals formed on the tailings. The application of chemical methods to treat these extremely toxic waters is implemented: milk of lime Ca(OH)2, sodium sulfide Na2S, and sodium hydroxide NaOH. Field experiments were carried out by sequential adding pre-weighed reagents to the solutions with control of the physicochemical parameters and element concentrations for each solution/reagent ratio. In the experiment with Ca(OH)2, the pH increased to neutral values most slowly, which is contrary to the results from the experiment with NaOH. When neutralizing solutions with NaOH, arsenic-containing phases are formed most actively, arsenate chalcophyllite Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24·36H2O, a hydrated iron arsenate scorodite, kaatialaite FeAs3O9·8H2O and Mg(H2AsO4)2. A common specificity of the neutralization processes is the rapid precipitation of Fe hydroxides and gypsum, then the reverse release of pollutants under alkaline conditions. The chemistry of the processes is described using thermodynamic modeling. The main species of arsenic in the solutions are iron-arsenate complexes; at the end of the experiments with Ca(OH)2, Na2S, and NaOH, the main species of arsenic is CaAsO4−, the most toxic acid H3AsO3 and AsO43−, respectively. It is recommended that full-scale experiments should use NaOH in the first stages and then Ca(OH)2 for the subsequent neutralization.
The modifcation of crop genomes employing functional components of the microbial CRISPR/Cas immune system is a rapidly developing area of applied research. Site-directed plant genome modifcation by this technology involves the construction of Cas endonuclease- and guide-RNA-encoding vectors, delivery of the plasmid DNA into plant cells, processing of the chosen genomic target site by the corresponding gene products and regeneration of plants from modifed cells. The utilization of this technology in local breeding programs is mainly limited by the typically strong genotype dependence of gene transfer and in vitro regeneration procedures, which holds particularly true in cereals. In the present study, an evaluation of in vitro regeneration efciency of immature embryos of ten Siberian barley cultivars revealed that only one of these is on a par with the experimental standard cultivar Golden Promise. This cultivar, namely cv. Aley, was consequently chosen for further experiments on site-directed mutagenesis in leaf mesophyll protoplasts. Two genes controlling hulled vs naked ( Nud ) and two-rowed vs six-rowed barley ( Vrs1 ) were used as targets to be modifed via polyethyleneglycol-mediated cellular uptake of guide-RNA/Cas9-encoding plasmid DNA. Deep-sequencing of amplicons obtained from protoplast genomic DNA revealed that 6 to 22 percent of the target sites were mutated. The detected modifcations comprised deletions in all three target sites and of various sizes, whereas insertions were observed in only one of the target genes ( Vrs1 ) and were confned to the size of 1 nucleotide. This study demonstrates the possibility of site-directed genome modifcation in Siberian barley. Further steps in technology advancement will require the development of protocols with reduced genotype dependence in terms of both the gene transfer to totipotent cells and the subsequent plant regeneration originating from such cells.
In this manuscript, we introduce a method to measure entanglement of curves in 3-space that extends the notion of knot and link polynomials to open curves.

We define the bracket polynomial of curves in 3-space and show that it has real coefficients and is a continuous function of the curve coordinates. This is used to define the Jones polynomial in a way that it is applicable to both open and closed curves in 3-space. We show how these measures attain a simpler expression for polygonal curves and provide a finite form for their computation in the case of polygonal curves of 3 and 4 edges.

For open curves, the Jones polynomial has real coefficients and it is a continuous function of the curve coordinates and as the endpoints of the curve tend to coincide, the Jones polynomial of the open curve tends to that of the resulting knot. For closed curves, it is a topological invariant, as the classical Jones polynomial.
We report the design of a high-throughput gradient hyperbolic lenslet built with real-life materials and capable of focusing a beam into a deep sub-wavelength spot of λ/23. This efficient design is achieved through high-order transformation optics and circular effective-medium theory (CEMT), which are used to engineer the radially varying anisotropic artificial material based on the thin alternating cylindrical metal and dielectric layers. The radial gradient of the effective anisotropic optical constants allows for matching the impedances at the input and output interfaces, drastically improving the throughput of the lenslet. However, it is the use of the zeroth-order CEMT that enables the practical realization of a gradient hyperlens with realistic materials. To illustrate the importance of using the CEMT versus the conventional planar effective-medium theory (PEMT) for cylindrical anisotropic systems, such as our hyperlens, both the CEMT and PEMT are adopted to design gradient hyperlenses with the same materials and order of elemental layers. The CEMT- and PEMT-based designs show similar performance if the number of metal-dielectric binary layers is sufficiently large (9+ pairs) and if the layers are sufficiently thin. However, for the manufacturable lenses with realistic numbers of layers (e.g. five pairs) and thicknesses, the performance of the CEMT design continues to be practical, whereas the PEMT-based design stops working altogether. The accurate design of transformation optics-based layered cylindrical devices enabled by CEMT allow for a new class of robustly manufacturable nanophotonic systems, even with relatively thick layers of real-life materials.
TREATED effluent from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) offers significant water demand in all areas of activities in rural farm.

This research evaluates the reuse of secondary treated wastewater (STWW) for irrigating crops, fresh vegetables and feeding fish farm.Physico-chemical, heavy metals and cytogenetic have been investigated.Intensive analyses of crops seeds, vegetables components, soil, dried sludge and fish organisms have been carried out.Cytogenetic studies using Alliums' bio-tests were investigated.

Results showed that the characteristics of secondary treated wastewater can be used for crops plantation and fish farming.The concentrations of each: Cr, Pb, Co, Se, Ni, Cu, and Zn in STWW was less than 0.1 mg/l.Carbon content, nitrogen, and phosphorous were: 6.0; 1.2; and 0.1 mg/l, respectively fulfilling the requirements C: N: P ratios for plant growth.Results showed also that the irrigated crops and vegetables exhibited good growth.Analyses of roots, stems, leaves, seeds and sludge showed metals concentrations were within the permissible range.Tilapia fish showed noticeable vitality.Parasitological examination of fish revealed no parasitic cysts detected in the skin, gills and intestine, respectively.It showed no bacterial strains isolated from fish tissues.Macroscopically parameters as root length and shape look normal and healthy, while microscopically parameters showed no change of mitotic index, RDR, phase index, chromosomal aberrations of the bioassay plant tissues and do not stimulate specific type of chromosomal aberrations as well as percentage of chromosomal aberrations.All studied parameters were found in normal limits when compared with control values.This indicated the efficiency of the treatment system; hence STWW has no mutagenicity or cytotoxicity effects.Examined parameters in this study were found in normal limits if compared with trigger levels of treated wastewater.
Electron spin-lattice relaxation of two trityl radicals, d24-OX063 and Finland trityl, were studied under conditions relevant to their use in dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). The dependence of relaxation kinetics on temperature up to 100 K and on concentration up to 60 mM was obtained at X- and W-bands (0.35 and 3.5 Tesla, respectively). The relaxation is quite similar at both bands and for both trityl radicals. At concentrations typical for DNP, relaxation is mediated by excitation transfer and spin-diffusion to fast-relaxing centers identified as triads of trityl radicals that spontaneously form in the frozen samples. These centers relax by an Orbach-Aminov mechanism and determine the relaxation, saturation and electron spin dynamics during DNP.
We demonstrate advanced experimental approaches to photoacoustic gas detection with tunable mid-infrared (mid-IR) laser sources of different types. A gas analyzer for registration of various gas components based on a tunable narrow-linewidth optical parametric oscillator (OPO) was designed and investigated. Using this OPO, the possibility of measuring the trace concentration (∼2÷3 ppm) of methane (CH 4 ) in air was experimentally shown. The gas detection capability was enhanced by introducing injection seeding into the OPO. Another gas analyzer was based on a quantum cascade laser (tunable within the range ∼7.6 ÷7.7 μm) and a resonant differential photoacoustic detector. Detection of the ultra-low concentration (∼0.3 ppm) of methane in air was achieved (the standard dispersion was (1σ) ≍ (10–11) ppb with an integration time of 10 s). We compare the presented approaches and outline their further development.
Even though general ideas for calculating the volumes of cone-manifolds are around, since there is no concrete calculation written, we present here the concrete calculations. The volumes of the hyperbolic twist knot cone-manifolds simpler than Stevedore's knot are known.

We calculate the volumes of the hyperbolic twist knot cone-manifolds using the Schl"{a}fli formula. We express the length of the singular locus in terms of the distance between the two axes fixed by two generators. In this way the calculation becomes easier than using the singular locus directly.

As an application, we give the volumes of the cyclic coverings over the hyperbolic twist knots.
The flow was organized by model GT-premixer produced by JSC "EUC-Aviadvigatel", Perm, Russia.

The measurements were carried out in a cold flow without combustion at elevated pressure of 2 atm and air flow rate up to 0.5 kg/s. Acetone vapor was seeded to the flow as a tracer of model fuel. The distributions of local concentration were measured using planar laser-induced fluorescence approach. To measure velocity fields by particle image velocimetry technique, water-glycerol particles were introduced to the air flow. Two series of experiments were accomplished for design and off-design conditions.

The pressure drop at the GT-premixer was the same for these two cases. The results for off-design conditions show that fuel concentration distribution drastically depends on the scheme of fuel supply.