Hengzongshu/ArticleAgent huggingface dataset:
The article presents the results of studies on the transverse instability of a high-current relativistic electron beam developing in a linear induction accelerator LIA for 5 MeV electron energy, which is created at the BINP SB RAS together with RFNC VNIITF. These results were obtained using a software package that makes it possible to simulate the dynamics of the instability development, as well as to calculate the increment of this instability averaged over the accelerator length. The package consists of four main parts. The first of them, made on the base of a three-dimensional model of the accelerating module electrodynamic system of the LIA, allows calculating the main characteristics of electromagnetic dipole modes of such a module, the second and third parts are designed to find three-dimensional accelerating electric and focusing magnetic fields, respectively. In the last part of the package, a system of ordinary differential equations is solved that describes both the motion of beam macroparticles in electric and magnetic fields, including the eigenmode fields, and the excitation of the mode fields by the electron beam. The adequacy of the physical models used in the software package was tested by comparing the spectra of field oscillations in the accelerator modules obtained in calculations and recorded in the experiment. On the base of the data obtained, the main regularities of the transverse beam instability development in the frequency range ∆f = 0.3–1.1 GHz were revealed, and possible methods for suppressing this instability in the LIA were proposed.
The relative production rate of $ B_s^0 $ and B 0 mesons is determined with the hadronic decays $ B_s^0\to D_s^{-}{\pi^{+}} $ and B 0 → D − K + . The measurement uses data corresponding to 1.0 fb −1 of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $ \sqrt{s}=7 $ TeV recorded in the forward region with the LHCb experiment.

The ratio of production rates, f s /f d , is measured to be 0 . 238 ± 0 . 004 ± 0 . 015 ± 0 . 021, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third theoretical. This is combined with a previous LHCb measurement to obtain f s /f d = 0 . 256 ± 0 . 020. The dependence of f s /f d on the transverse momentum and pseudorapidity of the B meson is determined using the decays $ B_s^0\to D_s^{-}{\pi^{+}} $ and B 0 → D − π + .

There is evidence for a decrease with increasing transverse momentum, whereas the ratio remains constant as a function of pseudorapidity. In addition, the ratio of branching fractions of the decays B 0 → D − K + and B 0 → D − π + is measured to be 0 . 0822 ± 0 . 0011 (stat) ± 0 . 0025 (syst).
Aim ― To reveal the results of the condition of the bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) with erythropoietin (Epo). Material and Methods ― There were 30-ty patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) enrolled in this study during 2016-2017 years. 95% were men. All were in angina NYHA class II-III. Hypertension presented in 90%, peripheral atherosclerosis in 60%. BM-MNCs were obtained by centrifugation of bone marrow aspirate on Ficoll-Paque, washed, and then preconditioned with Epo. Phenotype, cell cycle, cell death, proliferation, migration, and tube formation before, and after precondition BM-MNCs with Epo were done. Results ― In this study, we observed the presence in cellular graft of the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) at the different stage of maturation/differentiation, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Precondition BM-MNCs with Epo increased number of HSCs carrying erythropoietin receptor (EpoR), and EPCs carrying CD184. Also, Epo detained СВ34+ cells in a rest phase of cell cycle (G0G1). Condition media from BM-MNCs treated with Epo augment tube formation and wound healing by EA.hy 929. Conclusion ― Epo in vitro increased number of the stem cells carrying EpoR and CD184, and increased accumulation of CD34+ cell in G0G1 phase of cell cycle, and induced production of proangiogenic factor by BM-MNCs. Further investigation is needed to assess the type of cytokines produced by BM-MNCs after condition with Epo.
The subject of this paper is the stochastic molecular modelling of the transport coefficients for rarefied gases and gas nanosuspensions.The proposed method is an alternative one to the molecular dynamics method.

However, unlike the latter, the phase trajectories of the molecular system are simulated stochastically.Adequate integral characteristics of the studied system are obtained by averaging the calculated data over independent phase trajectories.

The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by calculation of the diffusion and viscosity coefficients of several noble and polyatomic gases and rarefied gas nanosuspensions.The modeling accuracy increases when a greater number of molecules and phase trajectories are employed.
Despite the widespread use of the SPECT method for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, there are still unresolved problems with this method, which can lead to misinterpretation of the data, and, as a result, wrong diagnosis.

At the moment, in diagnostic nuclear medicine there is an active development of an approach based on the method of mathematical modeling. It includes a mathematical model of the distribution of a radiopharmaceutical (RFP) in the body of a virtual patient, a mathematical model for collecting raw data, and a mathematical program for creating a reconstructed image. Using the patient model, we can program the heart disease and present the examination results in the same way as the clinical data. Further, by verifying the obtained images with images obtained from real patients, the error of the reconstruction algorithms can be estimated. In medical practice, the image of the myocardium of the left ventricle (LV) of the heart in the mode of tomographic slices is often used.

This paper presents the results of studies aimed at developing the representation of a mathematical model of the LV myocardium in the form of a polar map 'bulleye'.
Human Serum Albumin (HSA), the most abundant protein in human plasma

Pulsed Dipolar Spectroscopy (PDS) methods of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) were used to detect and characterize reversible non-covalent dimers of Human Serum Albumin (HSA). The spin labels, MTSL and OX063, were attached to Cys-34 and these chemical modifications of Cys-34 did affect the dimerization of HSA

At physiologically relevant concentrations, HSA does form weak, non-covalent dimers with a well-defined structure. Dimer formation is readily reversible into monomers. Dimerization is very relevant to the role of HSA in the transport, binding, and other physiological processes
The article analyzes Russian and Chinese legislation on the contract of sale of goods, which contains many general provisions, but there are peculiarities due to the difference between the legal systems of Russia and China.

Consistently the authors compare the legal regulation of defining the purchase and sale agreement elements which are the parties to the contract, subject, price, term, form and content of the contract.

The provisions of Russian and Chinese legislation on liability for non-performance or improper performance of the purchase and sale agreement are noted.
The microinclusions in cuboid diamonds from Ebelyakh River deposits (northeastern Siberian craton) have been investigated by FIB/TEM techniques. It was found that these microinclusions have multiphase associations, containing silicates, oxides, carbonates, halides, sulfides, graphite, and fluid phases.

The bulk chemical composition of the microinclusions indicates two contrasting growth media: Mg-rich carbonatitic and Al-rich silicic. Each media has their own specific set of daughter phases. Carbonatitic microinclusions are characterized by the presence of dolomite, phlogopite, apatite, Mg, Fe-oxide, KCl, rutile, magnetite, Fe-sulfides, and hydrous fluid phases. Silicic microinclusions are composed mainly of free SiO2 phase (quartz), high-Si mica (phengite), Al-silicate (paragonite), F-apatite, Ca-carbonates enriched with Sr and Ba, Fe-sulfides, and hydrous fluid phases.

These associations resulted from the cooling of diamond-forming carbonatitic and silicic fluids/melts preserved in microinclusions in cuboid diamonds during their ascent to the surface. The observed compositional variations indicate different origins and evolutions of these fluids/melts.
An adequate and balanced choice of a model for regulating tariffs for the supply of hydrocarbons through pipelines has a decisive impact on the level of costs of participants in the transportation process, and the profits of economic entities. The classification of methods for determining tariffs for oil transportation, the specifics of the formation of tariffs in the United States and Russia, as well as a comparative analysis of the cost of transportation by various modes of transport for these countries are presented. The choice in the work of the American and Russian markets is due to the fact that the US oil transportation infrastructure is the closest in terms of the scale of development of the oil industry, as well as the degree of development of the pipeline system to the Russian Federation.
The genus ElymusL., together with wheat, rye, and barley, belongs to the tribe Triticeae. Apart from its economic value, this tribe is characterized by abundance of polyploid taxa formed in the course of remote hybridization. Single-copy nuclear genes are convenient markers for identification of source genomes incorporated into polyploids. In the present work, a CAPS-marker is developed to distinguish basic St, H, and Y genomes comprising polyploid genomes of Asiatic species of the genus Elymus. The test is based on electrophoretic analysis of restriction patterns of a PCR-amplified fragment of the gene coding for beta-amylase. There are about 50 Elymusspecies in Russia, and most of them are supposed to possess one of three haplome combinations, StH, StY and StHY. Boreal StH-genomic species endemic for Russia are the least studied. On the basis of nucleotide sequences from public databases, TaqI restrictase was selected, as it produced patterns of restriction fragments specific for St, H, and Y haplomes easily recognizable in agarose gel. A sample of 68 accessions belonging to 32 species was analyzed. In 15 species, the earlier known genomic constitutions were confirmed, but in E. kamojithis assay failed to reveal the presence of H genome. This unusual H genome was suggested to originate from a different Hordeum species. In 16 species, genomic constitutions were identified for the first time. Fifteen accessions from Asian Russia possessed the genomic constitution StStHH, and E. amurensis, phylogenetically close to the StY-genomic species E. ciliaris, had the genomic constitution StStYY. It is inferred that the center of species diversity of the StH-genomic group is shifted to the north as compared to the center of origin of StY-genomic species, confined to China.
A Halorubrum H3 strain was isolated from a water and silt sample from Burlinskoye Lake (Altai Krai, Russia, 53°8'19″N 78°24'27″E). According to 16S rRNA sequences, this strain is most closely related to Halorubrum saccharovorum. The completely sequenced and annotated genome is 3,282,373 bp and contains 3,237 genes.
The most interesting experimental results obtained in studies of 2D and 3D topological insulators (TIs) based on HgTe quantum wells and films are reviewed. In the case of 2D TIs, these include the observation of nonlocal ballistic and diffusion transport, the magnetic breakdown of 2D TIs, and an anomalous temperature dependence of edge-channel resistance.

In 3D TIs, a record-setting high mobility of surface two-dimensional Dirac fermions (DFs) has been attained. This enabled determining all the main TI parameters (the bulk gap and the density of DFs on both of its surfaces) and provided information on the phase of the Shubnikov - de Haas oscillations of DFs, which indicates the rigid topological coupling between the fermion spin and momentum.

Prospects for further research are discussed in the conclusion.
In the colliders, the macroscopically large impact parameters give a substantial contribution to the standard cross section of the $e^+ e^- \to e^+ e^- \gamma$ process. These impact parameters may be much larger than the transverse sizes of the colliding bunches.

In the present paper such a beam-size effect is calculated for bremsstrahlung at Super$B$ factory developed in Italy.

We find out that this effect reduces beam losses due to bremsstrahlung by about 40%.
The relationship between activation of the sympathetic nervous system and cardiac hypertrophy has long been known. However, the molecular genetic basis of this association is poorly understood. Given the known role of hypothalamic norepinephrine in the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, the aim of the work was to carry out genetic mapping using Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) analysis and determine the loci associated both with an increase in the concentration of norepinephrine in the hypothalamus and with an increase in heart mass in Inherited Stress-Induced Arterial Hypertension (ISIAH) rats simulating the stress-sensitive form of arterial hypertension. The work describes a genetic locus on chromosome 18, in which there are genes that control the development of cardiac hypertrophy associated with an increase in the concentration of norepinephrine in the hypothalamus, i.e., genes involved in enhanced sympathetic myocardial stimulation. No association of this locus with the blood pressure was found. Taking into consideration previously obtained results, it was concluded that the contribution to the development of heart hypertrophy in the ISIAH rats is controlled by different genetic loci, one of which is associated with the concentration of norepinephrine in the hypothalamus (on chromosome 18) and the other is associated with high blood pressure (on chromosome 1). Nucleotide substitutions that may be involved in the formation or absence of association with blood pressure in different rat strains are discussed.
The performance of catalytic membrane reactors (CMRs) depends on the specific details of interactions at different levels between catalytic and separation parts. A clear understanding of decisive factors affecting their operational parameters can be provided via mathematical simulations. In the present paper, main results of numerical studies of ethanol steam reforming, followed by downstream hydrogen permeation through an asymmetric supported membrane, are reported. The membrane module consists of a thin selective layer supported on a substrate with graded porous structure. One-dimensional isothermal reaction–transport model for the CMR has been developed, and its validation has been carried out by using performance data from a lab-scale reactor with a disk-shaped membrane. Simulations demonstrate the model’s capabilities to analyze local concentrations gradients, as required to provide accurate estimates of the relationship between structure–property–performance. It was shown that transport properties of multilayer asymmetric membranes are highly related to the structural properties of each single layer.
The paper presents a technique for introducing carbon nanotubes into high explosives (HEs). For a number of explosives (trinitrotoluene, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, benzotrifuroxan), it was possible to achieve the appearance of conductivity by adding a small amount (up to 1% by mass) of single-walled carbon nanotubes TUBALL COAT_E H2O (CNTs) produced by OCSiAl. Thus it is possible to reduce the sensitivity of explosives to static electricity by adding an insignificant part of conductive nanotubes. This will increase safety of HEs during production and application and will reduce the number of accidents.
The results of experimental investigations of the features of diffusion combustion during the interaction of a round supersonic microjet of air in the center and a coaxial (coflowing ring) jet of hydrogen. Such combustion is accompanied by a number of new phenomena: the formation of a cone-shaped flame near the nozzle сutoff, the locking of the combustion region in this cone, the presence of small-scale supersonic cells in the resulting flow, and the formation of laminar sections and their turbulization.
In this paper, a qualitative as well quantitative assessment of the effect of the flowdiverter stent on the hemodynamics of the human brain circulation is carried out.

Numerical simulation of a virtual stent deployment in cerebral vessels with an aneurysm for one clinical case of an actual patient has been performed. In the course of the numerical experiment, various models of blood rheology are used, which is in a good agreement with the experimental data. The calculations are carried out in the commercial software ANSYS 17.2.

It is shown that after the stent installation the flow through the aneurysm neck reduces. The cerebral blood flow condition becomes closer toward the state of a healthy person. Changes in the magnitude of wall shear stress in the stent region are indicative of the possible recanalization of the aneurysm.
Spin selectivity, which results in the difference between the chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarisation enhancement coefficients of dyad diastereomers, is a phenomenon observed for chiral systems.

This Minireview discusses the chemical nature of spin selectivity and the role of chiral associates in the chiral catalysis of an elementary radical reaction: electron transfer in chiral dyads.

For more information, see the Minireview by Ageeva et al. on page 18587 ff.
We analyse correspondence of texts to a simple probabilistic model. The model assumes that the words are selected independently from an infinite dictionary, and the probability distribution of words corresponds to the Zipf-Mandelbrot law.

We count the numbers of different words in the text sequentially and get the process of the numbers of different words. Then we estimate the Zipf-Mandelbrot law's parameters using the same sequence and construct an estimate of the expectation of the number of different words in the text. After that we subtract the corresponding values of the estimate from the sequence and normalize along the coordinate axes, obtaining a random process on a segment from 0 to 1. We develop and implement an algorithm for calculating the probability distribution of the integral of the square of this process.

We prove that this process (the empirical text bridge) converges weakly in the uniform metric on C(0, 1) to a centered Gaussian process with continuous a.s. paths. We present several examples of application of the algorithm for analysis of the homogeneity of texts in English, French, Russian, and Chinese.
The article introduces and analyzes in detail the materials of the Bronze Age from the vicinity of Lake Lop Nor (Xinjiang, China), which are stored in the funds of the National Museum of Korea. The artifacts were obtained by the expedition to Xinjiang under the general guidance of the Japanese explorer and religious public figure, count Otani Kodzui. They are part of a special section of the famous “Otani Collection”. The Korean segment of this collection was completely described in the Republic of Korea in 2016, and now its analysis is presented in Russian for the first time. The materials of the Bronze Age constitute the most archaic part of the Xinjiang collection.

Analysis of the artifacts demonstrates analogies with the eponymous and most famous site of Xiaohe culture on the territory of Xinjiang – the Xiaohe burial ground at Lake Lop Nor. However, there were other complexes like Xiaohe which existed in ancient Xinjiang (for example, Beifang burial ground on the Keriya River). The authors note that the ornamental composition on the surface of woven baskets demonstrates similarity to the decor of the Andronovo culture’s ceramic vessels, and the iconography of wooden carvings of human faces is close to the images on the steles and plates of the Okunevo culture of Southern Siberia. Separate objects similar to both Andronovo and Okunevo cultures are also known to have been found on other sites of Xinjiang.

The closest analogy to the described items from the funds of the National Museum of Korea is the Xiaohe culture materials. The question about the exact location of the site where the items of Xinjiang collection in Korea come from is still open. It requires additional research.
The article presents results of an experimental investigation of supersonic flow around of a longitudinal flow cylinder with a gas-permeable porous front insert. The main attention is paid to the influence of porous material characteristics of the front insert on the aerodynamic drag. The experiments were performed in wind tunnels at Mach number 4.85; 7 and 21. The used porous materials are a cellular-porous nickel, a fibrous porous material such as "metal felt" and a porous material formed from superimposed nets. The important role of the ratio of the cylinder diameter to the pore diameter in the aerodynamic drag of the model is shown for cellular-porous nickel. The data of numerical modeling of the flow around the model were used in order to reveal the physical mechanisms of the influence of the front porous insert on the aerodynamic drag.
We present modulation instability analysis including azimuthal perturbations of steady-state continuous wave (CW) propagation in multicore-fiber configurations with a central core. In systems with a central core, a steady CW evolution regime requires power-controlled phase matching, which offers interesting spatial-division applications. Our results have general applicability and are relevant to a range of physical and engineering systems, including high-power fiber lasers, optical transmission in multicore fiber, and systems of coupled nonlinear waveguides.
The process e+ e- -> phi -> K+ K- has been studied with the CMD-2 detector using about 542 000 events detected in the center-of-mass energy range from 1.01 to 1.034 GeV. The systematic error of the cross section is estimated to be 2.2%.

The phi(1020) meson parameters in the phi -> K+K- decay channel have been measured: sigma_0(phi-> K+K-) = 2016 +- 8 +- 44 nb, m(phi) = 1019.441 +- 0.008 +- 0.080 MeV/c2, Gamma(phi) = 4.24 +- 0.02 +- 0.03 MeV, B(e+e-)B(K+K-) = (14.27 +- 0.05 +- 0.31)*10(-5).
WebProAnalyst implements methods of the known ProAnalyst package, including the multiple linear regression analysis and the sequence-activity correlation coefficient.

WebProAnalyst is a web-accessible analysis tool designed for scanning quantitative structure-activity relationships in protein families. The tool allows users to search correlations between protein activity and physicochemical characteristics in queried sequences. WebProAnalyst uses aligned amino acid sequences and data on protein activity. In addition, WebProAnalyst incorporates a method based on neural networks.

WebProAnalyst is useful in search of the amino acid residues that are important for protein function/activity. Furthermore, WebProAnalyst may be helpful in designing the protein-engineering experiments.
The experimental setup has been designed and fabricated to study the evaporation of liquid droplets, blown by the gas flow in a mini-channel with a height of 6 and 9 mm. Substrates were removable, and the surface temperature of the substrate was maintained at a constant level. The shadow method was the main method of measurement. A series of experiments with a water drop of 100 μl volume settled on a polished stainless substrate were carried out. As a result the dependences for the droplet evaporation rate were obtained in the range of temperatures 25–70 °C and Reynolds numbers of gas 0–2000.