Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg, then an independent Church Principality of the Holy Roman Empire, though one that was culturally closely connected to Austria, and much of Mozart's career was spent in Vienna.
Tako je bilo avstrijsko ozemlje rojstni kraj glasbenikov kot so Joseph Haydn, Michael Haydn, Franz Liszt, Franz Schubert, Anton Bruckner, Johann Strauss starejši in Johann Strauss mlajši ter članov Druge dunajske šole kot so Arnold Schoenberg, Anton Webern in Alban Berg.