For older adults, the factors are often health problems, changes in relationships with a spouse or adult children due to the transition to a care-giving or care-needing role, the death of a significant other, or a change in the availability or quality of social relationships with older friends because of their own health-related life changes.
Ti vplivi lahko povzročijo negativno podobo o sebi in pomanjkljivo samoučinkovitost; to je, da ne verjamejo, da lahko vplivajo na dogodke ali doseganje osebnih ciljev.