conditionally active – requires activation** II.A developmental (cell specific) – expression is tightly controlled, but, once expressed, require no additional activation – GATA, HNF, PIT-1, MyoD, Myf5, Hox, Winged Helix** II.B signal-dependent – requires external signal for activation*** II.B.1 extracellular ligand (endocrine or paracrine)-dependent – nuclear receptors*** II.B.2 intracellular ligand (autocrine)-dependent - activated by small intracellular molecules – SREBP, p53, orphan nuclear receptors*** II.B.3 cell membrane receptor-dependent – second messenger signaling cascades resulting in the phosphorylation of the transcription factor**** II.B.3.a resident nuclear factors – reside in the nucleus regardless of activation state – CREB, AP-1, Mef2**** II.B.3.b latent cytoplasmic factors – inactive form reside in the cytoplasm, but, when activated, are translocated into the nucleus – STAT, R-SMAD, NF-κB, Notch, TUBBY, NFAT=== Structural ===Transcription factors are often classified based on the sequence similarity and hence the tertiary structure of their DNA-binding domains:*1 Superclass: Basic Domains**1.1 Class: Leucine zipper factors (bZIP)***1.1.1 Family: AP-1(-like) components; includes (c-Fos/c-Jun)***1.1.2 Family: CREB***1.1.3 Family: C/EBP-like factors***1.1.4 Family: bZIP / PAR***1.1.5 Family: Plant G-box binding factors***1.1.6 Family: ZIP only**1.2 Class: Helix-loop-helix factors (bHLH)***1.2.1 Family: Ubiquitous (class A) factors***1.2.2 Family: Myogenic transcription factors (MyoD)***1.2.3 Family: Achaete-Scute***1.2.4 Family: Tal/Twist/Atonal/Hen**1.3 Class: Helix-loop-helix / leucine zipper factors (bHLH-ZIP)***1.3.1 Family: Ubiquitous bHLH-ZIP factors; includes USF (USF1, USF2); SREBP (SREBP)***1.3.2 Family: Cell-cycle controlling factors; includes c-Myc**1.4 Class: NF-1***1.4.1 Family: NF-1 (A, B, C, X)**1.5 Class: RF-X***1.5.1 Family: RF-X (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ANK)**1.6 Class: bHSH*2 Superclass: Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains**2.1 Class: Cys4 zinc finger of nuclear receptor type***2.1.1 Family: Steroid hormone receptors***2.1.2 Family: Thyroid hormone receptor-like factors**2.2 Class: diverse Cys4 zinc fingers***2.2.1 Family: GATA-Factors**2.3 Class: Cys2His2 zinc finger domain***2.3.1 Family: Ubiquitous factors, includes TFIIIA, Sp1***2.3.2 Family: Developmental / cell cycle regulators; includes Krüppel***2.3.4 Family: Large factors with NF-6B-like binding properties**2.4 Class: Cys6 cysteine-zinc cluster**2.5 Class: Zinc fingers of alternating composition*3 Superclass: Helix-turn-helix**3.1 Class: Homeo domain***3.1.1 Family: Homeo domain only; includes Ubx***3.1.2 Family: POU domain factors; includes Oct***3.1.3 Family: Homeo domain with LIM region***3.1.4 Family: homeo domain plus zinc finger motifs**3.2 Class: Paired box***3.2.1 Family: Paired plus homeo domain***3.2.2 Family: Paired domain only**3.3 Class: Fork head / winged helix***3.3.1 Family: Developmental regulators; includes forkhead***3.3.2 Family: Tissue-specific regulators***3.3.3 Family: Cell-cycle controlling factors***3.3.0 Family: Other regulators**3.4 Class: Heat Shock Factors***3.4.1 Family: HSF**3.5 Class: Tryptophan clusters***3.5.1 Family: Myb***3.5.2 Family: Ets-type***3.5.3 Family: Interferon regulatory factors**3.6 Class: TEA ( transcriptional enhancer factor) domain***3.6.1 Family: TEA (TEAD1, TEAD2, TEAD3, TEAD4)*4 Superclass: beta-Scaffold Factors with Minor Groove Contacts**4.1 Class: RHR (Rel homology region)***4.1.1 Family: Rel/ankyrin; NF-kappaB***4.1.2 Family: ankyrin only***4.1.3 Family: NFAT (Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells) (NFATC1, NFATC2, NFATC3)**4.2 Class: STAT***4.2.1 Family: STAT**4.3 Class: p53***4.3.1 Family: p53**4.4 Class: MADS box***4.4.1 Family: Regulators of differentiation; includes (Mef2)***4.4.2 Family: Responders to external signals, SRF (serum response factor) ()***4.4.3 Family: Metabolic regulators (ARG80)**4.5 Class: beta-Barrel alpha-helix transcription factors**4.6 Class: TATA binding proteins***4.6.1 Family: TBP**4.7 Class: HMG-box***4.7.1 Family: SOX genes, SRY***4.7.2 Family: TCF-1 (TCF1)***4.7.3 Family: HMG2-related, SSRP1***4.7.4 Family: UBF***4.7.5 Family: MATA**4.8 Class: Heteromeric CCAAT factors***4.8.1 Family: Heteromeric CCAAT factors**4.9 Class: Grainyhead***4.9.1 Family: Grainyhead**4.10 Class: Cold-shock domain factors***4.10.1 Family: csd**4.11 Class: Runt***4.11.1 Family: Runt*0 Superclass: Other Transcription Factors**0.1 Class: Copper fist proteins**0.2 Class: HMGI(Y) (HMGA1)***0.2.1 Family: HMGI(Y)**0.3 Class: Pocket domain**0.4 Class: E1A-like factors**0.5 Class: AP2/EREBP-related factors***0.5.1 Family: AP2***0.5.2 Family: EREBP***0.5.3 Superfamily: AP2/B3****0.5.3.1 Family: ARF****0.5.3.2 Family: ABI****0.5.3.3 Family: RAV== See also ==* Cdx protein family* DNA-binding protein* Inhibitor of DNA-binding protein* Nuclear receptor, a class of ligand activated transcription factors* Phylogenetic footprinting* TRANSFAC database== References ====External links==* Calculating transcription factor binding maps for chromatin* Probability of transcription factor binding to DNA* Uri Alon (2007).
* 1 Надкласс: Basic Domains (Basic-helix-loop-helix)** 1.1 Класс: Лейциновая молния (bZIP)*** 1.1.1 Семейство: AP-1(-like) components; includes (c-Fos/c-Jun)*** 1.1.2 Семейство: CREB*** 1.1.3 Семейство: C/EBP-like factors*** 1.1.4 Семейство: bZIP / PAR*** 1.1.5 Семейство: Plant G-box binding factors*** 1.1.6 Семейство: ZIP only** 1.2 Класс: Спираль-петля-спираль (bHLH)*** 1.2.1 Семейство: Ubiquitous (Класс A) factors*** 1.2.2 Семейство: Myogenic transcription factors (MyoD)*** 1.2.3 Семейство: Achaete-Scute*** 1.2.4 Семейство: Tal/Twist/Atonal/Hen** 1.3 Класс: Спираль-петля-спираль / лейциновая молния factors (bHLH-ZIP)*** 1.3.1 Семейство: Ubiquitous bHLH-ZIP factors; includes USF (USF1, USF2); SREBP (SREBP)*** 1.3.2 Семейство: Cell-cycle controlling factors; includes c-Myc** 1.4 Класс: NF-1*** 1.4.1 Семейство: NF-1 (NFIC)** 1.5 Класс: RF-X*** 1.5.1 Семейство: RF-X (, , )** 1.6 Класс: bHSH* 2 Надкласс: Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains** 2.1 Класс: Cys4 zinc finger of nuclear receptor type*** 2.1.1 Семейство: Steroid hormone receptors*** 2.1.2 Семейство: Thyroid hormone receptor-like factors** 2.2 Класс: diverse Cys4 zinc fingers*** 2.2.1 Семейство: GATA-Factors** 2.3 Класс: Cys2His2 zinc finger domain*** 2.3.1 Семейство: Ubiquitous factors, includes TFIIIA, Sp1*** 2.3.2 Семейство: Developmental / cell cycle regulators; includes Krüppel*** 2.3.4 Семейство: Large factors with NF-6B-like binding properties** 2.4 Класс: Cys6 cysteine-zinc cluster** 2.5 Класс: Zinc fingers of alternating composition* 3 Надкласс: Спираль-поворот-спираль** 3.1 Класс: Гомеодомен*** 3.1.1 Семейство: Homeo domain only; includes Ubx*** 3.1.2 Семейство: POU domain factors; includes Oct*** 3.1.3 Семейство: Homeo domain with LIM region*** 3.1.4 Семейство: homeo domain plus zinc finger motifs** 3.2 Класс: Paired box*** 3.2.1 Семейство: Paired plus homeo domain*** 3.2.2 Семейство: Paired domain only** 3.3 Класс: Fork head / winged helix*** 3.3.1 Семейство: Developmental regulators; includes forkhead*** 3.3.2 Семейство: Tissue-specific regulators*** 3.3.3 Семейство: Cell-cycle controlling factors*** 3.3.0 Семейство: Other regulators** 3.4 Класс: Heat Shock Factors*** 3.4.1 Семейство: HSF** 3.5 Класс: Tryptophan clusters*** 3.5.1 Семейство: Myb*** 3.5.2 Семейство: Ets-type*** 3.5.3 Семейство: Interferon regulatory factors** 3.6 Класс: TEA (transcriptional enhancer factor) domain*** 3.6.1 Семейство: TEA (TEAD1, TEAD2, TEAD3, TEAD4)* 4 Надкласс: beta-Scaffold Factors with Minor Groove Contacts** 4.1 Класс: RHR (Rel homology region)*** 4.1.1 Семейство: Rel/ankyrin; NF-kappaB*** 4.1.2 Семейство: ankyrin only*** 4.1.3 Семейство: NF-AT (Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells) (NFATC1, NFATC2, NFATC3)** 4.2 Класс: STAT*** 4.2.1 Семейство: STAT** 4.3 Класс: p53*** 4.3.1 Семейство: p53** 4.4 Класс: MADS box*** 4.4.1 Семейство: Regulators of differentiation; includes (Mef2)**** 4.4.2 Семейство: Responders to external signals, SRF (serum response factor) ()** 4.5 Класс: beta-Barrel alpha-helix transcription factors** 4.6 Класс: TATA binding proteins*** 4.6.1 Семейство: TBP*** 4.7.1 Семейство: SOX genes, SRY*** 4.7.2 Семейство: TCF-1 (TCF1)*** 4.7.3 Семейство: HMG2-related, SSRP1*** 4.7.5 Семейство: MATA** 4.8 Класс: Heteromeric CCAAT factors*** 4.8.1 Семейство: Heteromeric CCAAT factors** 4.9 Класс: Grainyhead*** 4.9.1 Семейство: Grainyhead** 4.10 Класс: Cold-shock domain factors*** 4.10.1 Семейство: csd** 4.11 Класс: Runt*** 4.11.1 Семейство: Runt* 0 Надкласс: Другие факторы транскрипции** 0.1 Класс: Copper fist proteins** 0.2 Класс: HMGI(Y) (HMGA1)*** 0.2.1 Семейство: HMGI(Y)** 0.3 Класс: Pocket domain** 0.4 Класс: E1A-like factors** 0.5 Класс: AP2/EREBP-related factors*** 0.5.1 Семейство: AP2*** 0.5.2 Семейство: EREBP*** 0.5.3 Надсемейство: AP2/B3**** 0.5.3.1 Семейство: ARF**** 0.5.3.2 Семейство: ABI**** 0.5.3.3 Семейство: RAVCRISPR систему можно адаптировать так, чтобы она действовала как транскрипционный фактор (crisprTF).