Abū al-Rayhān Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Bīrūnī (4/5 September 973 – 13 December 1048), known as Al-Biruni in English, was a Persian;* L. Massignon, "Al-Biruni et la valuer internationale de la science arabe" in Al-Biruni Commemoration Volume, (Calcutta, 1951).
* L. Massignon, "Al-Biruni et la valuer internationale de la science arabe" in Al-Biruni Commemoration Volume, (Calcutta, 1951).