Independence Day a Civic and Social Event U.S. State Department, June 22, 2010* The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro by Frederick Douglass* Fourth of July Orations Collection at the Division of Special Collections, Archives, and Rare Books, Ellis Library, University of Missouri* The Fourth of July, Back in the Day – slideshow by "Life magazine"
Independence Day a Civic and Social Event U.S. State Department, June 22, 2010* The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro by Frederick Douglass