The measure-theoretical point of view became dominant in the later thirties after the advent of ergodic theory, and the papers of G A Hedlund and E Hopf on the ergodic character of the geodesic flow came into being.
Ang sukatan-panteorya point of view ay naging nangingibabaw sa mamaya thirties matapos ang pagdating ng ergodic teorya, at ang mga papeles ng GA Hedlund at E Hopf sa ergodic character ng heodesiko dumaloy ang dumating sa pagiging.