The end of the 10th century and beginning of the 11th century was a period of great unrest in the Islamic world and there were civil wars in the region in which al-Biruni was living. Khwarazm was at this time part of the Samanid Empire which ruled from Bukhara.
Ang katapusan ng ika-10 siglo at simula ng ika-11 siglo ay isang panahon ng mga dakilang ligalig sa Islamic mundo at doon ay civil wars sa rehiyon sa kung saan al-Biruni ay nabubuhay. Khwarazm sa oras na ito ay bahagi ng Samanid Empire na pinasiyahan mula sa Bukhara.