# Covid 7/22: Error Correction

Delta has taken over, and cases are rising rapidly, with a 58% rise this week after a 65% rise last week. There’s no reason to expect this to turn around in the near term. 

[Three weeks ago, in One Last Scare](https://thezvi.wordpress.com/2021/06/17/covid-6-17-one-last-scare/), I ran the numbers and concluded that most places in America would ‘make it’ without a big scary surge from Delta. It’s time to look at what went wrong with that calculation, which I believe to be a failure to sufficiently integrate different parts of my model.  

Then there’s the question of what we are going to do about this, and whether we are going to destroy some combination of free speech and the ordinary day to day activities that constitute our lives and civilization, perhaps indefinitely, in the face of this situation. Such collateral damage has the potential to be far scarier and more deadly than the direct threat from Covid-19.

Let’s run the numbers.

The Numbers
-----------

Predictions
-----------

Prediction from last week: Positivity rate of 4.7% (down 0.1%) and deaths unchanged.

Result: Positivity rate of 4.4% (down 0.4%) and deaths decline by 5%.

Other Result: Positive test counts rose by 58%, versus 65% last week. 

I do not understand the divergence between positive test rates and case counts that we see here. This implies that the number of tests is scaling with the number of cases, but that wasn’t true earlier, and also there’s a lot of testing that takes place out of an abundance of caution or to provide the necessary evidence and/or paperwork in various contexts, where the tests clearly wouldn’t scale. So this is weird. 

In any case, it seems pointless in this context to make a positivity rate prediction instead of a case count prediction, since it doesn’t tell us what we want to know. Thus, I’m switching to predicting case counts.

There’s no reason to think cases won’t continue to rise in the near term. Control systems should be kicking in and Delta has mostly completed taking over, so the rate of increase should continue to slowly decrease. I’m going to predict a 50% increase, down from 58% this week and 65% last week. 

Prediction for next week: 360,000 cases (+50%) and 1845 deaths (+10%).

Predictions will be evaluated against data from Wikipedia, after correcting for obvious data anomalies.

Deaths
------

| Date | WEST | MIDWEST | SOUTH | NORTHEAST | TOTAL |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| June 3-June 9 | 720 | 817 | 915 | 431 | 2883 |
| Jun 10-Jun 16 | 368 | 611 | 961 | 314 | 2254 |
| Jun 17-Jun 23 | 529 | 443 | 831 | 263 | 2066 |
| Jun 24-Jun 30 | 550 | 459 | 706 | 186 | 1901 |
| Jul 1-Jul 7 | 459 | 329 | 612 | 128 | 1528 |
| Jul 8-Jul 14 | 532 | 398 | 689 | 145 | 1764 |
| Jul 15-Jul 21 | 434 | 341 | 732 | 170 | 1677 |

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/kvO9KpIJYUf1O9OGErCkp3sT29PBZsjZV7x7VOnu1WEATCTZ29qXcyw2yKlIhllPa3sM26y2Gr54jCv0_CiXRQFWuIO7wPczdRb-P9ILZ1Ji1GwisHpVbagaO8sKpNj7hsbDR6CH "Chart")

There’s no sign yet that people are dying from the new wave of cases. Most of the rise in cases came in the last two weeks, so we wouldn’t expect a _dramatic_ increase yet, but seeing a 5% rise over the last two weeks is still at least somewhat reassuring that what we’ve seen in places like the UK, where the IFR was dramatically reduced versus previous waves, will also happen here.

If we don’t see a big rise in deaths within the next two weeks, that will be both very surprising and quite excellent news, as there will have been enough time for at least some of the new cases to have resulted in deaths. By three weeks from now we can be confident what new normal we are dealing with, at least as long as the hospitals have sufficient capacity. 

The cases remain the story. 

Cases
-----

| Date | WEST | MIDWEST | SOUTH | NORTHEAST | TOTAL |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| May 27-June 2 | 31,172 | 20,044 | 33,293 | 14,660 | 99,169 |
| Jun 3-Jun 9 | 25,987 | 18,267 | 32,545 | 11,540 | 88,339 |
| Jun 10-Jun 16 | 23,700 | 14,472 | 25,752 | 8,177 | 72,101 |
| Jun 17-Jun 23 | 23,854 | 12,801 | 26,456 | 6,464 | 69,575 |
| Jun 24-Jun 30 | 23,246 | 14,521 | 31,773 | 6,388 | 75,928 |
| Jul 1-Jul 7 | 27,413 | 17,460 | 40,031 | 7,065 | 91,969 |
| Jul 8-Jul 14 | 45,338 | 27,544 | 68,129 | 11,368 | 152,379 |
| Jul 15-Jul 21 | 65,913 | 39,634 | 116,933 | 19,076 | 241,556 |

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/FVQVSSTIa3EuoVt2yuqSTrYIcbFJiUz_Sx-xm5bcWSiPhPSFd7zORWtTkXwedYVMreuNuOLLvPM2Yo-LRjnDZZn8CyeqsBzJ4JCy5xyanDM0GNcY3-v5sepkreZ5ZukWbFQLROAh "Chart")

Last week was a 65% increase, and this week was a 58% increase. Delta has now mostly taken over, so differences are some combination of reporting, timing and testing details, seasonality changes, and control system adjustments. We should expect some people to alter their behaviors by now, and that will accelerate as cases pick up.

Either way, we have a 60% increase week over week as the new baseline, which would represent R ~ 1.4 based on the old assumption of a five day cycle. That remains consistent with the 2.2 multiplier on Delta versus a 1.4 multiplier on Alpha, plus the control system having adjusted to be stable under Alpha.

Vaccinations
------------

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/XdVD9Cw_-5VvY0jqSdjSI_h4zGkLSE7W9pEp7jDLJXxJAaQYCXsAUtBRzDbgiu7GfLJVow9B6w54e_i_35zxHqymOxF4u8h8wcezcZJq0V2utQs5EPa_SLLt84wrbNek8MykZltB)

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/3qxuAEnSzUhc6VtJaezM9yTLMIbSCCDZBbogkhUzszvDTK8jP8RJ_r4zaDQHUJyi166Jh2ZKDUdHv0X0gDZHZA00CC1bU92m5uwjN7pvUc66AxZnB9o0NdERSenbBKystvtM4tny)

Vaccination rates are now roughly stable at about 500k/day, so about 1.5mm people/week going from unvaccinated to vaccinated, or about 0.4% of the population, and a resulting 1% or so decrease in R. If we think Delta is still on a five-day cycle, that’s 1.5% less case growth each week. If Delta is on a three day cycle, it’s 2.3% less case growth each week. More on that in the Delta section.

The good news is that [we are seeing more Republicans stepping up](https://talkingpointsmemo.com/edblog/wtf-is-going-on-here-part-ii) [and telling their constituents to get vaccinated](https://twitter.com/NewsGuyGreg/status/1417911400589058049). That, combined with the threat from Delta, should help, despite the efforts of the Ministry of Truth. More discussion in that section.

Not Necessarily the News
------------------------

When X is reported on the news, we learn _at least_ three claims to evaluate:

1.  X happened.
2.  X was noticed. 
3.  X was news.

Depending on your prior knowledge and model, the same news report can change your world model in opposite directions, and often people get this calculation wrong.

If you see a plane crash reported and you know the media reports most plane crashes, that’s bad news, but it’s not importantly bad news, and it at least means there wasn’t worse news crowding it out. If you see a plane crash reported and don’t know that crashes always get reported, _it’s good news_ because you learn crashes are rare enough to be news.

This brings us to [this week’s reports of infections taking place at a wedding](https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2021/07/12/outdoor-wedding-6-fully-vaccinated-infected-with-covid-19-delta-variant/amp/).

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/EPHGThUpL7zyA-sNXg2cAtPWTcJe-LBW3kTpXqsMIK9aZ-KsJ8cNwJAtk3laDoja6nMMkL-DJ0bZmsSyPRW3sg9R6bgz3ppT7WU2y-fSdJLq7_MEKvxWfXSDi5rKIQ_kyOQYq2EH)

This led to a bunch of reactions that were at core like this one:

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/Q-cNf9z_iIrNadCMQObKliEpIeFudWdWdr44X8E2behD6NqV3ojvSGnZ9XpyrVOZMv5MLxGKXZJVAcE7iPEpxnxE8HQnvIX7u5ApRkuevAHGbTYeTmecyGzHJC8pfaT6_W9iRs2E)

[Which in turn is doubtless causing a lot of this](https://twitter.com/NateSilver538/status/1417498445657616387):

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/X7dc_ZcUuUXORSXj9hyW72FjRjRdcWVSuVQpzlaYoX1YbeJ6TGhUreLh9vXjUCewymOTEw_cLySw7QiKwAyCu-P01ougAE2QddPMhzKFsKvvEzJQ67QFuKTDLx3KpOIl0Gu5Eqxw)

One could also observe that one person dying, or six being infected, _was news,_ and worry perhaps even less than before, given how many weddings there are.

Then again, there was also this, in the comments last week:

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/SLy-nCkHRWPzj81w8wR1xd_9yM4e_baFzMpf0whmNZx4JoFbMWX3mr3QT2NgQPMwCdT8DY9PN7xKMnDfZ_K90i8XTf37jVNbfkmMXHrTfcCuGezuruKo1PvDks4IiZscF69QmOuL)

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/_Mg-9R4yMq6CCLdsErdhhAdI-r5WEOwLG2RwzhrUrprhXhhU6yE-VhRVKoKoWtri4H44vv2BpKodMND-ZzA8VpMMXkWLEAKD92KSCfxKW-zozZDuxjw8lYzw0HRGFCydHjoEeg6p)

Twice is at least suspicious, and these two do seem to be close together in a meaningful way. So it’s at least a little bit news. 

Similarly, we have [the headline that 27 vaccinated people (it says “nearly 30” but actually it’s 27) in Louisiana died of Covid](https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/medical/nearly-30-fully-vaccinated-louisiana-residents-have-died-with-covid-19/ar-AALSUBj). The vaccines are so effective that 27 deaths was news, which is rather good news. If you run the numbers on Louisiana, I find roughly 900 deaths in the ‘vaccine era’ starting some time in March, so we’re talking roughly 3% of all deaths, from a group that includes most of the old people for most of that time. Yet I saw people freaking out about this, or wondering whether or not or how much they should be freaking.

[We also got more data on the Dutch music festival](https://twitter.com/DrEricDing/status/1415278559703220224?s=20), where it seems 5% came back infected. It seems the festival was ‘[not entirely open ai](https://twitter.com/tomverhoeff/status/1415317021772898305)r’:

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/OhrulmtCi4NR0IK7KxkQ-ng1ofYdcnAHd852rIW8JgRdZHcbk6td5uHmZHSRqX6ErGYWc1z1qZsqVShVpOTvWTd_L2J7pRrkWcBMwDAmR25h3nIVQ8m84aMDz_Wrn5FfvQEz5JTN)

It also involved most everyone being unmasked in surrounding bars and restaurants. So the result here is not surprising, nor is it a warning about the dangers of outdoor events, or of anything but the usual rule of ‘don’t do stupid stuff.’

Delta Variant
-------------

[I always wonder in cases like this](https://www.statnews.com/2021/07/20/delta-variant-surges-to-83-of-sequenced-covid-19-cases-in-the-u-s-cdc-says/?utm_content=buffer493a5&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter&utm_campaign=twitter_organic), how did they think a number like 83% gets distributed, and do they think a very slightly unequal distribution is somehow scarier or worse? Similarly, was going from 50% to 83% in two weeks unexpected somehow? 

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/7u6h_XAYnOQYfczC6GoZXRng8CQokbexV6X7MfmkznkHlNgWqXPhyCWunAni6YynPr8eUD79KUJnE6ASPNZCedjmBz5mXBVJxp1hVcyEU2d751JfqOhca2WGWZ6bUea2Xx6_AWMA)

If you assume we started with a 50/50 split with Alpha versus Delta, and then there are three serial intervals since July 3, you get 79%. So this is very close to what you would expect based on my baseline estimates (with no loss of effectiveness from the vaccines, or very little), which is interesting in light of the discussions on Delta potentially being faster, which I’ll talk about next.

[BNO Newsroom offers this graph](https://twitter.com/BNODesk/status/1417650974483755009/photo/1) for easy reference, which has >50% in the July 3 bucket and thus has growth almost exactly in line with expectations. And the previous two week period was a _slower_ takeover than one would have expected from the same model:

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/XECIxTPJvijevJ2fyo9v4rKnyET-gxBAp3gZfTBd-ZAZraqDUfU-vjKK3F6NZff3wf8Icoe2rFeBVuTSLM1BiKgSF1JER84gIIEM3FEMwaaLTKhkH-qLx44KNsB5FiEdEKCItpnD)

Also, OurWorldInData turns out to [graph this](https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/covid-variants-area?country=~USA) the same way it graphs everything else, and I find their presentation very clean and easy to read:

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/rbZZp4IIOAKLLmP3YCbEjSE6Ryz2oI9Zu_Qf5gq_E34z8l-NeJ1doFZZG2eLP8QSNSRAbwXYsWNgIWc58PZdxN0K4oPsvEMsNymWsuZ9JihIkOxe5Muq9tAliizs6Mc3FHxHLiNB)

An interesting and hopeful theory that came up was that Delta might be spreading so quickly in large part because it is _faster._ Under this hypothesis, rather than there being an average of five days between the time you catch Covid to when you give it to someone else, that interval could be as small as two days. That makes physical sense if the viral loads are much higher, as Delta would need less time to multiply in a new host before being able to spread.

If this was the case, then what _looks_ like much higher rates of infection in graphs, and in the type of analysis that was run last week, is a lot less scary, and the actual R will be much closer to 1 (in theory, in both directions) than I calculated. Doubling every five days previously would have meant R ~ 2, but if that’s two and a half cycles, then it means a much more fixable R ~ 1.31. What otherwise would look like a ‘we’re f***ed it’s over’ scenario might not be one.

What’s the evidence for this? We have [this study out of China](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/352931648_Transmission_Dynamics_of_an_Outbreak_of_the_COVID-19_Delta_Variant_B16172_-_Guangdong_Province_China_May_-_June_2021):

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/ri_u5OTlzTuefQXrnjz2moscCyP5e1zzYpAm8Q5Tlp3ePYg1gvYHLRmmInEFhAocbhO9F2qN1raWOlEag4ylWm45Iq9eGdpxdIS-46TImyvuMauJCKy6IARXYs8_axcU6-jIBur1)

I am deeply confused how a serial interval can be _negative._ If I understand the words involved that means you spread it on to someone who gets their symptoms before you do? In which case, wow, that’s quite the rapid spread. 

It goes on to say this about R:

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/CPaQphDI9l5mNRVokP4WOv7d-__N1fqbyw05eBqkbHBkq5LnAXWyBAnn_tkUOyzVf2Fjr2shm7NFwNAG77iQ1uSESPv73MzHrjeq7spUF62n9aRoSmQL0omNi_iJMJ3kc1UXDYPS)

If R0 went from 2.2 to 3.2 in this type of setting, that’s less than a 50% increase from the original, so it’s only ‘in line’ with the 97% increase reported by Finlay in the sense that they both observed the same rate of increase in cases, except Finlay assumed the old timing of infections and this new study believes things have sped up a lot. Thus, what would have been 97% is now slightly under 50%. 

Their graphs are quite good. I wish more papers were 2 pages long with this much useful information:

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/lpEy4YbyGtukmdhIfU7zusjz1PTpsTambISpEeGu63toU6AHZN8NTyuoSdarJ7lZuNjTPpg6Xwqjme50Sl2elzrjmAx_qv7MywV6W21oVZpKe7JDblpzEEnMvJPQeDZh3wsaS4v0)

I’m not fully sold, but it seems likely this is right. We are seeing _super duper fast_ spread of Delta in some places, and not in others, and in some times and not others, such as when India went suddenly from an out of control epidemic to everything stabilizing quickly. Speeding up transmission makes all of that make a lot more sense. 

A comment last week pointed to [this study](https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.22.21257658v1.full) of vaccine effectiveness against Delta. I believe it had already been incorporated into the claims assessed last week, but good to explicitly note the primary source. I’m reproducing the bottom-line sections in full, skip if you don’t want to dive into the details. 

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/IQW7lLT--if3K3YQ9Klpc6gt52RL-G9bsrocO0Ir9Y5g2_L6W3E883BFU436iW2Q13s1U4MICxnCF1g8gSqkXp8803uy97Ef3FSILXV-RxAnmexpqCjNq821RzwNu2lsPs2wwDir)

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/ae1tPK4yWRLIzDUqu1LeRw5Y38Z5Sw-_1R4At8nEcq23LwPNtuPk-35rV5x4gZ11AxMw5rWVi-HUr16E5rYZOqBumGDvRHRm6Sv5v1Hj6LAx9AD7R-muoV6Ab3M7BuZX80l_3Lf7)

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/P-0td2XimXRNg7QCmo_eNmA6sZKA8J85mS6ckfdqhaxAphX-7-MymWiBMvkdLE0VIMHkf4xFA1kGpsXnx-r20U--nMSbIkHGcW-M7rD89E4OmmG5-tEW1phkzFughAhUOoemQilh)

In general, it’s potentially highly misleading to compare the vaccinated to the unvaccinated in the wild, because the two groups differ in a lot of ways. I’m not entirely sure which direction this goes, as the vaccinated start out with safer behaviors but then change behaviors based on being vaccinated. 

Here, we can compare measured vaccine effectiveness between different strains. The obvious worry then is that there could be a difference in which populations are dealing with which strains during this period, which could skew the results as well. These are not controlled experiments. One thing that makes me more confident here is that we see other adjustments and measurements that don’t seem out of whack.

The headline conclusion is then that mRNA vaccines retain 88% effectiveness against positive tests. If we accepted this figure, we’d then need to translate that into a measure of how often such people transmit. With milder cases and lower viral loads, the presumption is that they don’t transmit as effectively, but the flip side is that milder cases mean we might be missing a larger percentage of cases, so the 88% number might be high for that reason. It also might be low or high for several other reasons.  

[Here’s CellBioGuy in the comments at LessWrong](https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/KfW3iGSttvfLY74tt/covid-7-15-rates-of-change?commentId=jCpsFYx2ccxCh3X7v):

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/ujlhrEa6YraClRCVGMOi22p22MjmJzYfl0GqLerPazTwxYQqbNGT6XuulfQnuNlnBO5v3RNxmCi6BbCg_Fti4YGQCw2woYlLudJomnonio5K-_vTiMfwL_SJt5IG-KeBM_pWG2dD)

Most of the variance remains in the difference between measurements in different places, but I think all of it points to roughly the same place anyway.

The numbers will come in somewhere in the range where fully vaccinated groups won’t have outbreaks unless they partake in a lot of what I call ‘stupid stuff,’ which is basically (some combination of most of) packing lots of people tightly into indoor spaces without proper ventilation for extended periods. However, it also would mean we’re close enough to the edge that if everything went _fully_ back to normal, we’d need more people vaccinated than we can realistically hope for in the next few months or perhaps ever.

How worried should a vaccinated person be about Delta?

In terms of death, [seriously not very much](https://twitter.com/ChanaMessinger/status/1416359240055377929), vaccinated people don’t die of Covid and Delta doesn’t change that. Thread points to a few different claims about whether Delta is deadlier and by how much, but it’s definitely not enough to overcome the vaccinations or even put much of a dent in them.

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/FIxtn5IBpi4I8Xxdmr0DcSaRArkvvaAGZjZmOVGOQnAIAkROUL2YkOD0Ze7udnGSvonNlbE4sUmr6DKNzklsBgCMmhLNN8ZYfb3hgidMpuR_naI6VDVnfgVj7QQcf6_hAY7MvHzc)

The question is _entirely_ one of the unknown unknown risks of Long Covid. Getting data on this, or being confident in a position, is incredibly hard, whether it’s on how big the Long Covid risk was to begin with, or how much the vaccines reduce that risk. It would be completely biologically bizarre if the risk wasn’t greatly reduced by the vaccine the same as everything else, but it’s still enough of a worry that one would strongly prefer not getting Covid, if that was an option. 

I wish I could do better than that, but I really can’t give one, given what I know. My guess is that we’re talking about a small but non-zero chance (3%?) of some amount of lasting effects of some kind for the vaccinated, most of which are minor and temporary, but yeah, who the hell knows.

For young kids, that’s even more true – the danger is _purely_ Long Covid. [There’s a good ‘what’s up with Delta and kids’ analysis up this week](https://emilyoster.substack.com/p/kids-and-the-delta-variant-should), although it doesn’t offer us anything concrete that’s new, and it points out that the Long Covid risks haven’t changed and that other diseases also have similar long tails, we just don’t talk much about them. And that even with unmasked schools and lots of vaccinations elsewhere, we’re not seeing an explosion in cases among those schoolchildren too young for the vaccine, as a percentage of the cases in the population when there’s a Delta wave in the UK:

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/FizsMg8MQNVLCn-1e8sThNZrkIMLFq3n_unBNFo3H03rNDQQn95MQk5_Sl4B3bzvvwF2BiYuXD6KHcZVi7KAIETw1EgpwvbEy1t3X0o82_pS5xtGAmFhrQyBz-r3UnbS8rBdas9W)

It is well known that city living leads to more infectious diseases than non-city living, to a very large degree. There’s a small long tail for many of those diseases, where people develop long term problems. One of the periodic reminders, as we move into the next phase of the pandemic and beyond, is that _if you are worried about Long Covid as a vaccinated person, why aren’t you completely panicked about living in a city? _

That brings us back to the calculations. The spread of Delta in the United States _as a share of cases_ is exactly in line with the 2.2 vs. 1.4 difference from Alpha to Delta, as of earlier this week, which does not leave room for vaccines to additionally lose effectiveness. Then, if it turns out Delta replicates faster, that changes the math once again. 

One Last Scare: Re-Evaluation
-----------------------------

This week, I was persuaded to add a post-mortem to [my big We’re F***ed, It’s Over post](https://thezvi.wordpress.com/2020/12/24/covid-12-24-were-fed-its-over/) from the end of 2020. Reading it over again, I believe the core logic of that post was solid – we were not capable of adjusting the control system sufficiently to contain a 65% more infectious strain in time given the expected rate of vaccinations. I predicted a 70% chance that we had such an infectious strain and that if we did, we would face this crisis and have no reasonable options. 

It didn’t happen. Instead we had a 40% more infectious strain, and faster vaccinations, which combined _as that post’s model said it would,_ to prevent the wave. We did better than I would have expected even then, with cases coming down much faster, so there was even more going on than that. In any case, the prediction was too confident, and didn’t properly adjust for uncertainty over speed of vaccinations or seasonality. Perhaps there was even some degree of [self-preventing prophecy](https://www.davidbrin.com/nonfiction/tomorrowsworld.html) when you combine it with others’ similar warnings. I do think giving the scenario less than a 30%-40% chance would have been _more wrong_ than giving it a 70% chance, but that numbers over 50% were too high. 

This time around, I predicted:

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/3rjQkFmC59y5GRu0aHXIPdPpIaKmKG0i1spqXqB6mglCBSHfung3WjwdGxxBcP7j4sDHw6yGNlCA6Ym3_574Qt9dH8ZVR0ibZ7qhozWCfrsLTyfVhtke57E1cdTKGPDdi9doHbgZ)

It does look like masks will be around for a while, and might be making a comeback – Biden is considering reinstating them in many situations, or at least trying to do so, and many schools look poised to torture their students this way, and several jurisdictions (including Los Angeles and Las Vegas) are bringing back indoor mask mandates already on their own. 

We also aren’t seeing that many calls for anything _beyond_ mask mandates yet, but I do see the beginnings of ‘schools can’t be open’ talk as well. I would like to think we’d never let that fly at this point, but perhaps we would, at least in some places. I do think that if you’re a parent in such a place, and they do try to put your kid in ‘remote learning,’ you should find an alternative even at an extreme cost, and if necessary consider moving.  

Regardless of all that, I know that at the time I did not expect this amount of increase in case counts, and thus my model of the future was importantly wrong. What were the errors? What has changed?

First it’s important to know what _hasn’t_ changed: I still have Alpha at 40% more infectious (1.4x) than baseline, and Delta as 120% more infectious than baseline (2.2x). Those estimates are doubtless not exact, but I haven’t seen any reason to adjust them. So that wasn’t the problem.

Nor was the issue (as far as I can tell) that vaccines have lost effectiveness. It does seem like vaccines are _slightly_ less effective against Delta, but I continue to believe this effect is not a big impact. Vaccinated people remain very hard to infect and, when infected anyway, poor carriers with which to infect others. This shouldn’t have moved the needle enough to get noticed. 

This is reflected in the growth of Delta _as a share of cases,_ which matches very closely what these numbers imply, and doesn’t leave room for them to be that off in either direction. Similarly, it looks like Delta plausibly replicates _faster_ than we thought, but that probably also would mean it isn’t as infectious and has a lower R, or else the numbers don’t work out. 

Thus, I do not think the prediction error was about a misevaluation of Delta. I think the error was about a misevaluation of where things stood _before_ Delta, and what people were up to. 

It’s that first sentence, where I start off R at 0.84, instead of factoring in the changes coming from the control system. With the decrease in masks worn and f***s given over the last month or so, combined with seasonality changes, the R _without Delta_ likely went from 0.84 back to at least 1. That’s a 19% difference each cycle, or a 28% per week.

In the world where we had retained the behaviors that were cutting cases in half every three weeks, the current rates of increase would be more than cut in half, and it would be easy to see that additional vaccinations (and some amount of Delta burning out in the younger populations where it’s spreading the most) would reverse the problem before it got into crisis mode, even if our current case starts with R=1 exactly. 

However, we’re not in that world, and we’re starting from a higher baseline. That mistake compounds each week, and now only a few weeks later we are where we are, with exponential growth looming quickly. 

In short, I think this was mostly a pretty dumb mistake that should have been easy to spot – I knew in one place that we were adjusting things, and then didn’t make that adjustment when I did this other calculation. My models were insufficiently integrated. 

The prediction here is then saying something about what happens _if we return to the behavior patterns we had when cases were declining rapidly._ The extra vaccinations would be sufficient, in most places, to compensate for Delta. The problem is that we’re not doing anything close to that, haven’t for some time, and it would be a hell of a thing to try to return us to that state. [Even if we could, that doesn’t mean we should](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mRNX6XJOeGU&ab_channel=RanfatehChattha).

That’s also a pretty easy call to make, when one puts it that way. Delta is likely a little over twice as infectious as the original. Over half the country’s adults are vaccinated. _Of course_ that’s enough to compensate. Easy math is easy. 

Or, to do the rough calculation another way, Delta cancels out the vaccination of the first 55%-60% or so of the adult population, or the first 46%-50% of the overall population, if there’s no other source of immunity running around. We are currently at 49% fully vaccinated and 57% partly vaccinated, or effectively about 53%. So we’re still ahead, but we’re not that far ahead, and we definitely can’t go back to anything like normal unless we’re willing to accept the consequences.

From here on in, mostly the unvaccinated will be infected, and most of them will be young. Last week, we had 240k positive tests and vaccinated about 1.5mm people. With rapid weekly case growth, it won’t be too long before we’re giving immunity to our unvaccinated youth the hard way, via infections, faster than we can vaccinate people. It’s not the preferred solution, but it does work, and it works fast, especially since it tends to kick in about when other control systems also kick in. Which is why we see rapid increases time and again suddenly turn into rapid declines all of a sudden. 

The question is, to what extent are we willing to accept those consequences, versus willing to accept the costs of not accepting them? There’s no longer a reasonable expectation that if we kick the can far enough down the road that something will change, and the consequences of permanently kicking the can seem far, far worse than the consequences when the can is not kicked.

Speaking of which…

Ministry of Truth
-----------------

So, [this happened](https://twitter.com/BreesAnna/status/1384763150109716481):

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/7csUKyTn79r6qKJMg3EaabRMvlOVmlrj3Mm-Ood-WaHnz34hHloaIOA0bPULRoVFMNNv8LRptJLeZMHELly0GvXgeoNB5H2PRS4q4MELY8cRpbrKbWr2eO5jkBjtsvp6gnEKR1yO)

Google is blocking your access to documents, based on them containing the wrong statements about vaccines. While this turns out to (for now) likely not involve private documents, and only stop the sharing of information, you should presume both that your documents in Google Drive are not private when it counts, and also that you could lose access to them at any time, especially if they they are technically ‘shared’ as many of mine are. It’s not as scary as I originally thought, but it’s still scary.

I already knew about such issues, but this drove it home. [More new is this](https://twitter.com/zooko/status/1416128660382359554) ([link to video](https://twitter.com/townhallcom/status/1416089821056012289)):

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/psJjyOuE4NOw4Hvi0I4R69SjJk2jKvLkoj4JOPuYkcbQL7E_JWRxUtTRrViYAufqBRTrLcimdXNXFWt9Q5PNkIr6l7d8-R0X-qC_QdpTX4fxUPV_S6kIy3iuYiGA1O54pVEs6P80)

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/x7xMx3vxqmA-hAQjQ-3qjpnJyve3W8AZxOcel1Me3iAZzPSt6v6TewLBpNWAx1vfseY31JW-RFzIOJa6rpvpOKskc_1n0M1vSdRzQHcXp3CLEoHOHB_nbykeawE-k0wKbFLgeRG8)

[There’s also this:](https://twitter.com/micsolana/status/1416115311158300678)

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/FynnNINXKnHEaw-BDCHnZw7n1BXPe0FwlbkhRlevB3YcLb7-GYXPCQRiYfw5hgoEcL_dK6jfNyv3O6nH2QZRNi43FNi9LXLy4P_--Ref2QM-fsjgvsYc_EU4EBJvvtmI9Fg95zhs)

[Mike’s full-post take on the situation is here](https://www.piratewires.com/p/forever-hold-your-peace). 

A call from the executive branch, for social media platforms to coordinate, and if you’re banned on one of them for ‘misinformation’ you need to be banned on all of them, or the government will take action to break up this private monopoly of a public platform. Also, they need to ‘work harder’ to ‘fight the spread of misinformation’ via censorship and bannings of this type, or again, they will take action to break up this private monopoly of a ‘public platform.’ If they don’t do that, they are ‘killing people.’ 

[He tried to walk it back](https://twitter.com/feliciasonmez/status/1418002309993406466):

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/bSoi2gCqWXkxtZTqZGWSEds8D6DSg16sqBMDdEV9nHyLhtRLDsO8ySvDgVPR338sufDP9HnoS6o1eNT4rjXwGo4gpARYCHK_1ceab_qggEPG8WkgufLYZC_aWCkrQNgqdJVOqOek)

However, that’s not how the language works. It _is_ how the language of power works, where one makes one’s statements as ambiguous as possible and states one’s message implicitly whenever one can, so that one can get the message out and then deny sending it. 

Meanwhile, from NPR via that column, the following definition of ‘misinformation’ when a Bad Person is providing the information:

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/lhXOFCTfQBzWv4AH8TIjZZakhsb1m-dlGrUZRuiGXXjtt4xtInPhn1C9BNgUETtrpQg_lj4uDiSN7-p6MNFPHGvgwQmpMIOek5V-5YmV3BA3ew34MCGxnK09RFMOnNEMJMC__NKi)

Misinformation, it seems, could mean anything that gives an impression the Powers That Be dislike.

Such policies have often taken aim at anything that ‘contradicts the CDC guidelines’ or used other such principles, despite such guidelines often being obvious nonsense. 

So, _that_ happened. As usual, think about this apparatus, and this move, in the hands of the outgroup rather than the ingroup, or the hands of the fargroup, if you think that it might possibly ever not be one of the worst possible ideas.

As gentle reminders from earlier in this epidemic, this ‘misinformation’ would at one point have included the fact that masks work, or that the virus could have come from a lab, or that we could expect to perhaps have a vaccine by the end of 2020, or if you go back to February that there was even a Covid-19 problem to begin with or that one should prepare for it, because that’s not only false, it’s also racist. Or that Covid-19 is airborne, or that surface cleaning wasn’t all that important. And that’s purely from the current pandemic and without thinking about what the outgroup would have done with those levers if it had the chance.

Under such a regime – or under the current regime that existed at the time, even – if my posts had been placed on social media, I’d have been banned from all of them many times over. That’s where things already are, now. What happens when ‘misinformation’ increasingly becomes whatever the executive or the media narrative decide they don’t like? And then the executive decides he doesn’t like those who don’t like them, or are saying politically inconvenient things? 

[Many have noted that the call for government-directed censorship of social media is not only far along on the road to authoritarianism and the end of freedom of speech, it also doesn’t have much prospect of a big impact on its supposed target either.](https://twitter.com/BrendanNyhan/status/1416832809994444800) Link is to one such thread. It’s almost as if the government and ingroup establishment are using the ‘emergency’ and the excuse of the pandemic in order to further their goal of becoming the thought police and telling us what we can and can’t say to each other.

Things offline are not entirely better, but in the interests of illustration by example and a desire not to cause a distraction, I’ve censored the example I had previously put in this spot from the past week. Stay on target. 

Vaccine Hesitancy
-----------------

[What’s actually going on](https://twitter.com/aedwardslevy/status/1416807215181221888) with vaccine hesitancy ([link to CNN post](https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/13/politics/poll-covid-19-vaccine-decision/index.html))? 

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/WdXg8kGcUpXLQ6xbyWzaiYuO0x9zvx5HZLs5FmTe3x2zIKNCX4oL6HieQvHpQZsrcs3jNqrve9PUjhxEyJhFuf7CI1U2NIAc8zZTgy7bpS1z7KLWjsYf6mZ6YH-nvRhRWLoPOw-y)

When we ask whether persuasion works, I mean, _of course it works._ The issue is that _you’re not the only one doing persuasion,_ and also you’re not doing that great a job of it, in the sense that this thing has been massively botched several times over. Persuasion matters, doing it better matters, and what we got reflects how we did at it. And yes, every little bit helps and we might be close to a tipping point.

You know how uninterested we are in persuading people? Not only did we suspend the J&J vaccine over nothing, and recently put another warning on it over another nothing, we’re [not even bothering to fully approve the vaccines](https://www.slowboring.com/p/vaccine-fda-approve), with all that this entails. Let alone the other low hanging fruit mentioned at the link. 

[Kelsey puts this well](https://twitter.com/KelseyTuoc/status/1417997224168935428):

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/GNEwZezcErBTihqPTRmgdKlbG7iC5J3DbpECQBEjL_XXEiBLSDiyJ8ft5RRXYDGPhg_KfacqfG9Ll-SFgSJzjjLtpzzuFZJ_10vw0ozqwZ4Ku2K3KXbkPuhZjTtk6sfiwTbL5UJN)

[Or even more bluntly](https://twitter.com/Noahpinion/status/1418029542833152003):

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/0cAS2AxXVHkEhYsgIQjFCLpF4z6q6uXXjjrHfGf-cOtgG3TVE8bkigIuG43n4STd_8894ZljXI8Q4zghI2oY9R7X3JaeYFBQ_26NS_A1grCD5YBYFQnDy7rM5s27sZgcEq8q90vX)

Let’s not pretend we’re taking this seriously. [Matthew also notes this](https://twitter.com/mattyglesias/status/1417562117801119749):

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/9Kzbn9ZWpR1DzCI7VxG_9rO4IDDej4jz3qs9nWA0iG_iAwMtL46ybdAIW57Gx0JQz7Y0qONmuKb3XRimLoxJVGQryFYhhYB1Jl1vyo0QQO2bhP_i55aYOLMKUZVgQawz7m_DZjBY)

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/Oz6cBGT7o2vaqP5TW1YpXGfMz3UVqJZ44fwD055GwdeNfTfwRYCDjyRcYqAwjtVqO8ekUDoAlXb_fqEfYVBEVSnLK-T0KX-xCPB15y-r6VEndJfOlL0R4lbdxL3sqEZojR0jxya_)

This is no different than anything else. Vaccine persuasion is about persuading others that we are Very Serious People who have made the proper sacrifices, rather than asking what would work. 

A better question is, _how much_ does persuasion _at the margin, now_ matter? The persuasion that mattered most largely happened by January. Those who were persuaded by then mostly stayed persuaded and got their shots. Those who weren’t largely didn’t change their minds later. But why would they? Yes, some new evidence was presented that vaccines were safe and effective, but also the problem seems far less urgent now. Until that changes, it’s not like we did some great persuading and it didn’t work. 

One big piece of evidence is that [most old people went ahead and got vaccinated](https://twitter.com/NateSilver538/status/1416501877131423751). 

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/kcClVVDNooYz31r6qx9Qp7O_bpulrB7LFhvVcdTGOAh1HHtWuJLe27zvUV5u3ZFgKpoyh-nvTzhxNusxCZE4hfyyEHxf5XedcFTZrPxpp-DPun6GYFWn47N7AFThsZBnMKHpP2VL)

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/NpUs6idYpblg72YHK1eCRpZkTsO16RGLndqxDWVY_1yBZ0KnFI6aOTyxW7r3EJhxSc5uporlB2eiuLm43bkmHHviXBGhpkPgsiYRxeIC_E2-K7b6Aa_pmL3yYuOexUj7FY184a0R)

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/pgx2tV-D_6dMQsqe7SP8iRSlQXL-7zqdJ0FDJpMqH-5oeg4KEdCbwX1NIfr4edO6lCeW8jvhcUgn0V2B2IonU6DXEafV40cpspP4E0Z97vsyOMsn64LqhYAVySoirpYO1ThttWzd)

This looks like a world in which people are doing a calculation to decide whether to get vaccinated – they’re simply doing a _different_ calculation, where the decision is less obvious, and those who most need the vaccine mostly still end up getting it.

This in turn implies that much of the remaining ‘hesitancy’ or even refusal isn’t ‘I’m never doing this no matter what’ and it’s more like ‘I don’t have enough skin in the game so I’d prefer to play it what looks to me like safe and/or not bother and/or not deal with the temporary side effects and/or continue signaling to my in-group.’  

Which is great news, because if Delta ends up everywhere, where chances of getting infected if you’re not vaccinated get very high, then one would expect a lot of people to cave and get vaccinated rather than accept getting infected. 

And that’s [despite some pretty out there world models](https://twitter.com/kaiynne/status/1416981809645117440), even if you subtract Lizardman’s Constant:

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/TbKZfobC9DpmhQWjdmr2AKTlSvOEjeiTcEqjKwcJcWdkXBCVMz5CLd2NCynC6mM4ZeJBaVJE1Ups72x5jtak8143VSWq7F36qk9b_xFosv1uvtQ3hqYOqyIBUN-qwBulEJalJLlk)

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/JpdEj9M4Xmhl2u5J0Rvqze5uy33IzgUgYQVguZnLkIfhdT0VjxDPuIBSIiEn6AKbzFLS5NQKEwrSQhucZOQKQ17jvcAh6pjd7zdPpcWQCbN4Cl93brCVUtBNUifTR-CEqqcQ2t-q)

That the same 50% of the unwilling believe both that vaccines have been shown to cause autism and that the US government is using them to microchip the population is suggestive that such people are not processing such statements as containing words that possess meanings. They’re simply taking the opportunity to say ‘rar, vaccine bad!’ in any way that’s presented to them. Thus, a lot of them believe _both_ that the vaccines cause autism and _also_ that they’re being used to microchip people. Unless the theory is that it’s the microchips that cause autism?  I kinda want to see the overlap in the crosstabs, I’m expecting to see a lot of it. 

Thus, my best guess is that about half the ‘hesitant’ are getable through some combination of things getting bad and us picking the low hanging fruit like approving the vaccines, and the other half likely require stronger stuff.  

Once and Future Lockdown
------------------------

Could it happen again? [Janet Yellen thinks so.](https://twitter.com/NateSilver538/status/1416065522949570566)

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/GUhat9DoxgvtyYRssX_I1ZqLwqhE6aZxrIbg5OlUHD2AOUH1_l45AkbTYILVUU6S-aUglNPFx3hi7rHup18XaswiZe-bOD3AnjoAyOJBk6Dw_0j8uivvu6vofmqsnzPef2kaD3fz)

Nate Silver mostly disagrees.

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/wL8JkVMGHcakGcQ5S1A6pAb6Rd5d7E02QBaHxB7B-7BaJ9T98Qg2JyayhL1JOyTh1MwewP3wViOxM7p8e0v6aby2ij0xY0n2epeTdveJ99iNNLoND3gAIxBS6GkQXyDc8mXjQb5V)

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/VtDsk9iDttJ_6vwiArbZcpv3Kinp-oqBtnqd8oLiEF83_cjHHcjQkZe0Ad8xzrw4Wzmq7qNIZj8JqvUU4EjMnRy-cqUpKZWS6RjZ-jNul6o1WvUj-3_hJOOGi8vkT_mI3iL73XWh)

Nate’s mistake here is to act as if a cost-benefit ratio is all that relevant to how decisions are made on Covid. Somehow we have decided that ‘forcing’ people to take the Covid vaccine is unacceptable, and that’s that. So our choices are instead forcibly disrupting people’s lives in the hopes that it helps, or not doing that. If things get bad enough, it makes perfect sense that we’d potentially see lockdowns but not vaccine mandates, and that those lockdowns likely won’t make exceptions for vaccination, because we’ve _also_ made it unacceptable _to check someone’s vaccination status_ in most contexts and places.

Where I think Yellen is clearly wrong is in expecting the places with low vaccination rates to be the ones that lock down. It’s almost certainly the opposite. If lockdowns happen, they will happen in the places with relatively _high_ vaccination rates. Not the highest like Vermont, since they’ll have no need for it (probably), but in the various blue states that time and again have gone overboard with prevention. There’s zero appetite for locking down red states.

I’d hope there was zero appetite for locking down anywhere, but I am growing more worried about this possibility. It’s really stupid, because it wouldn’t work. Even if it did suppress Covid entirely in the local area, the moment you stop it comes back, so what’s the point? When will things change? Are you going to keep this up for _years? _

I do see signs that there’s support for doing exactly that. Some of this is ‘avoid blame on a two week time horizon’ where the fact that the problem never goes away isn’t relevant, but some people _really do support permanent ending of life as we know it._ I don’t understand why they are so cool with this, it seems like the later stages of a Persona game or something, but it is what it is.

Meanwhile, [Biden tells us our young children will be wearing masks](https://twitter.com/jeneps/status/1417999733965078530), whether they like it or not:

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/tet3NVvitydgdZPwmjMhSTFso29kYqA0cXSIHusR2szltsjL1ovH0oOc9qfLfOHDfGt-mClGgbj-LcY1NlE46blp5KuRfW2Bie-sjwZjddZ8CGW2Tj9Oa7L_ZVBJVEkzA300X81Z)

I am getting really tired of this malarkey line about not interfering with ‘scientists’ as if they’re all identical clones who reach all the Officially Scientifically Correct conclusions, and thus one doesn’t have to take responsibility for decisions if you can cite one. You did it, sir. You.

Similarly, Washington Post reports that the [Biden administration is debating urging a return to masking for the vaccinated](https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/biden-masks-delta-covid/2021/07/21/cba29774-ea3a-11eb-8950-d73b3e93ff7f_story.html). It would ‘have to come from the CDC’ but they’ve ‘taken a hands off approach to avoid interfering.’ 

So Biden says this:

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/PptmtODQH7hBrV_gyedJ7TGir_rkBmQiKe4aRPwkwpgCLguEM3l7PIUKiVdM3EVzJqscD10oSJXKjqpX7d5lWV6u-OmcIYAB8ynPWPpJn6aNHVBWtvTEdvFZ-f1eDA-LE-sAQdN8)

…and pretends that this isn’t him giving the CDC an order.

Presumably, this is all an attempt to avoid blameworthiness for decisions that are sure to be unpopular, rather than a bizarrely wrong theory of the scientific nature of public policy. 

In Other News
-------------

[Your periodic reminder that Gain of Function research needs to stop](https://twitter.com/ESYudkowsky/status/1416064667244318724) and this is a major test of our civilizational adequacy:

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/h3xm9b2AhiUw5e_M83bgYO7JiPSPEDeKrS6jcmNuZuk7bLYG1kOf7899XJQh6bCt0ENP5jWHqHYgshF9lNp0FmpakUxIcwclfixa98pX5WWb3GNz22SA4aYP8gTyjDph0vSAYG4u)

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/metBObsFWsoDIZCraL-ErZlImE03Jnx_sMdzSUmU_QGuMHzpnv0PxkjafsZ4s5QfhVrg9cfUwmZzUErg78o0tj_QisMyhhNOkvANkoveTnOFkSbwUhzH0ZCJTiNVCrnI6Psvg_va)

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/uVbdjNu22tcQv64BekuTDKv9s6ouYDNFNgTF5Qzh06KC23CquRM-T_P_ds5nk-WGP5QRIOlhjpBuE_o3nflrjbElqRokZ934SV-GFQ4mecvCfFR0ZlC3n00qNiacX02KCATcLPJD)

Alternatively, someone could come up with math that could _possibly_ justify these kinds of risks. If someone has done so, I see no signs of that. 

Whereas you know what we’re _not_ funding much, even now? [Pandemic preparedness](https://twitter.com/moskov/status/1417517076265070594).

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/k6l-j-_oX4MyOBhKqIvzPQm8l5jwp9OvjUhsRGgnVsxPWjUkpGYNG2s6FLE0-BEgPuRTHlVLSH9-yYkMFxD2AJUWTSN9AUy1MK56jbjPLfBlb_kX0eOvKfHXruIoESwIaTjJeIT9)

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/aBRXHMgQnmEqcCZKk_7KszOtJG-Qmze5jew-41zUHPJJkDM2M_sUJh4oWJgeBQC8gBirRZdaKKwSoz4Xd80Vmvop0yiqzav2nnQ8C06s1HIdZf718R069ZTIxHYNmM7c_rNXUhqn)

You’d think they’d wait for the current crisis to be over before failing to prepare for the next one. That is, you’d think that if you hadn’t been paying attention.

[Eliezer also had another interesting thought](https://twitter.com/ESYudkowsky/status/1416808282472140803):

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/u4ccecx3h0fOs0eU71ApofI0nfIcSWpKfTpUIDdv06Nc8sr3JkFuIDjvA3udlf3TGZQNGDgtx7H8jw1EoWTIwSAUbJJ0iDePgZ_qKP1xx8HKt3BYu2rPo6TB6WjtDg3OS8RSG5Wu)

As several people pointed out, as a legal matter you can’t actually ask such questions, so we’d put it in the pile of all the things you technically aren’t allowed to ask or consider that we all know employers ask about and consider all the time. 

[Alex Tabbarok reviews The Nightmare Scenario](https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2021/07/review-of-abutaleb-and-palettas-nightmare-scenario.html). Report makes clear the book contains a lot of good concrete information, but nothing that would meaningfully change our model of what happened. Yes, that means all the things mentioned in the review were already in the model. I might read it anyway at some point, but my guess is I will decide that I won’t because I don’t have to.

[Update on the Novavax vaccine.](https://khn.org/news/article/covid-vaccine-novavax-vaccination-effort-from-zero-to-not-quite-warp-speed/)

In a strange display of the right thing being done, [Taiwan approves a vaccine purely based on immunological data](https://twitter.com/ATabarrok/status/1417569734216716290). 

While I am not looking into such questions in general Because Of Reasons, I did see this notice that [one of the Ivermectin studies was withdrawn](https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/jul/16/huge-study-supporting-ivermectin-as-covid-treatment-withdrawn-over-ethical-concerns) due to ‘ethical concerns.’ Where the ‘ethical concerns’ in question appear to be ‘massive fundamental discrepancies in the data’ which is a nice way of saying ‘complete and utter fraud.’ Figured I’d pass it along. How this impacts your model of the situation otherwise is up to you – among other things, I didn’t check to see how fundamental this evidence was to the case. 

[Los Angeles resumes its mask mandate](https://twitter.com/BillFOXLA/status/1415781947926728709), including for the vaccinated. If it’s back now it’s hard to see what could happen any time soon to get it lifted. If you don’t like it, you may, like many others before you, finally want to look for another place to live. 

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/OW0N96wnCBuSeuoTI85DpDxKiJkagSj93XALTvqwkqGdgWpWGNswHUUC6IQojHELLSUtZr5W6TGsjX6s003sJEzeul4YKZvaYlFDCJjICr_CzpENAoeVCmyx04oL7fAWWZzFHVOq)

[Las Vegas brings back its indoor mask mandate as well.](https://twitter.com/BNODesk/status/1416068014550749187) Las Vegas seems like the place maximally in need of such a mandate, given all the travel and all the poorly ventilated completely enclosed spaces designed to trap you inside for indefinite periods. In that one case I at least kinda get it. 

You know who isn’t masking? [Democratic politicians fleeing Texas on a private jet in order to deny a quorum and prevent the state government from functioning](https://twitter.com/micsolana/status/1416513459768872960). [Three of whom then tested positive for Covid.](https://www.statesman.com/story/news/politics/state/2021/07/17/texas-democrats-walk-out-three-test-positive-covid-in-washington-dc/8002121002/)

(There was previously a thread here about people in the UK facing legal trouble for going outside to remote locations ‘to avoid detection’ but it appears likely it was fabricated.)

Australia enters this week’s Sacrifices to the Gods competition, to crack down on those who put us all in danger:

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/eB46tO_xLrl6gKIa520rx7w27Ancn1SI4e7d4OM0fW7dewJeNSHkOAA5ixu2WAG0saev6l8yxoSADrMLxRZAKBUY_tylvzCDnakKRg9dvdl56VoCAXYUqYqt6ZczeVYsWb2_mCZI)

Via MR, [some notes on Peru](https://mattlakeman.org/2021/06/27/notes-on-peru/), and they may have won the Sacrifice to the Gods competition on sheer sticktoitness. It’s impressive stuff. Other non-Covid stuff after is wild too.

Also in the UK, escalating quickly: [Not only First Doses First, Second Doses Too Early Actively Dangerous and Scandalous:](https://inews.co.uk/news/uk/covid-vaccine-second-jab-early-eight-weeks-more-likely-affected-fourth-wave-1105488)

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/1gK3BDQu3RKqlCvcUPSbg6zr8GV4U9wZXyFvtaPdaUESq-839ddmxCwLpGeubfCD-dMKGOkhGjTDsFZaCR6hp1NZSxuDryU6XUm0jbcnFp4GIS9EEJRAoLQvrwJ_wxwB8n-ESNQ3)

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/v7pP6oh0lZ3Fsso5lQZ4ZKVW717B12KdTVIJvmCG6EtspDjw2VuHJ1oZ7xgZ2wDMxwloZIy-mK-k7sQ7GFE_5sxePGfRdVxgsF3MJdryxquUxM0S6OsJDXmavWQUeVa4W4iff2X9)

![](https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/iuGxfAboxm101SxgL9HFbXGTdqboycRrZzV9hnCSr-_6S-FR7SmscAWkv9rR7864nHBsbUl-6zfsdDl-lJEIBy-GZhTbH7aU1ZSQlREJZ_smluapLW6gTI_nCbwL6JVpmTe2gDSV)

California’s entry isn’t going to get it done, [but it’s still quite the display of self-harm](https://twitter.com/acesounderglass/status/1417545698938032132):

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/MJO3zDY8sf-JZqpbhAa-gR_fCjgsFOaBkLw6y_JpRlz5KK3qiDGe97ZgXnv333Tc24AYO1bElxLQ5oQACdFDN3Cn8F8f0V53lgUKF6iPAaibJmrPxdWjEMr7_jQ-BZOUga3AqByZ)

So her friend has Covid, and is being told to _travel back to California so she can get tested locally,_ because out-of-state tests don’t count for tracking purposes. Explain again how our policies are trying to contain this virus. 

[MR looks at a report on Oaxcana’s (in Mexico) precautions for travelers](https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2021/07/covid-protection-in-oaxaca.html). Everything except the masks is clearly useless sacrifices. Tyler speculates that this makes it easier to otherwise be open. That’s possible but my presumption as per usual is that nothing as sensible as that is going on here.

[Everything that is not compulsory is forbidden. Everything that is not forbidden is compulsory.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totalitarian_principle#:~:text=In%20quantum%20mechanics%2C%20the%20totalitarian,of%20the%20early%20twentieth%20century.)

Our Covid prevention efforts, all of them, well OK most of them, in one tweet, including the part where the explanation for the beds probably isn’t true and they’re just a terrible design for no real reason:

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/DPbyTx6sO22DLXBbOk0cPusVhcI1KeHYN5cFHrEfJbloIrCw8PvgDKcn46ABP1tmKTf_3_Y4PpQ1tKHf1YKbZyGvrcjg6YxFt1GqVr3dxhXm1BjYOecJqc7dppQahlf8UQjPMF7V)

[One person with a cameo tests positive, and that’s it.](https://twitter.com/OfficialALW/status/1417139710594531336/photo/2) Show’s done. Them’s the rules.

![](https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/Cxj-wrVxGXde43nIokonAE4mquOWmjuV6T-I9Avr6Q_ZonMjq5AS2WAfNli8w8lRi9gGL6-GHqbx7-moe7YhhcB48W06Rt82Rd-LVECkR-jNRnT2ipryZWem3e3hRONqm5d0mTqB)

![](https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/YdSQZ26VswzlAt8_l3CCIDJTlIdBTeRYheZf7QFczwyxnqq9ATfJMUfa0r1qzu3yMHJlzspYYx2IHVwNpwIHGobeglf4k7xR13S9Lfg-KYsNsKxU9kdFZc28c_f115dGv-qjllqE)

Finally, if this is his official platform and he confirms he wants to build more apartments, [I hereby endorse Nate Silver to be the next Mayor of New York](https://twitter.com/NateSilver538/status/1417471867980550146).

![](https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/ZzawEw3YfC8KZIbjS0qnfzTeAwNsLTmqgJmmqybxO9j8Bn3GEtRngAycvdsZDbWGd4cCqhbbZzW9OI55UEKr-Q_0T8vvAaPEjVAm2tDTGbkyXj_rNXOKPV0AQXvDk8L1Mtw2FYYb)