# What has .impact done so far?

_Jointly written by Peter Hurford, Ozzie Gooen, Patrick Brinich-Langlois, and Ciarán Phillips_

-

Introduction
============

.impact is a group of people who want to volunteer on really useful projects. This means, however, we need some idea of whether or not our projects are actually useful. Thus, the purpose of this essay is to analyze whether or not our projects have been useful, whether putting more time and money into .impact is worth the cost, where .impact has stumbled, and what our plans for the future are.

Summary
=======

*   .impact has worked on a total of 25 projects, 8 of which have been launched (Skillshare, Improving EA Presence on Wikipedia, EA Interview Series, Utilitarian Essays Redesign, CEA Homepage Redesign, Giving What We Can Redesign, and the EA Reddit).

*   Right now, we think the core benefits of .impact can be categorized as working on (a) building the EA community, (b) building EA infrastructure, (c) learning about volunteering, (d) giving people skills and credibility, and (e) encouraging an ethos of trying things.

*   Our case is not very rigorous.  A lot of our evidence is anecdotal, and most of our impact  lies in our yet-to-be-realized potential as an organization.

*   .impact has encountered setbacks.  We've found the supply of volunteering to be more limited than expected.   We've also found volunteer software projects to be more difficult than originally assumed, with it taking much more time than expected to make much progress on projects.

*   We've also found it difficult to predict how useful our projects would be.  So far .impact has not progressed as much as we would like in systematic needs analysis, metric measurement, or project prioritization.

*   The original goal of some of our members to learn programming through doing programming projects has been more difficult to realize.  Aligning high-impact development with education has proven challenging.

*   Our costs to date have been ~$50 and ~860 person hours (valued at $34.4K).  However, much of .impact work is in the free time, and opportunity costs seem to be lower than one would initially expect.

*   Overall, we're quite confidant that we justify our costs and we look forward to seeing what happens in the next few months.

What have we done?
==================

[.impact was launched](http://dotimpact.im/2014/01/05/introducing-dotimpact/) with the goal "to provide infrastructure to get people and useful projects together" and "to help volunteers learn useful skills, meet great people, and create something substantial." Since .impact's inception in mid-October and as of this writing, 25 projects entered Active Development, of which 7 later left to inactive development, and 4 were completed. Additionally, we've had 9 projects enter the planning stage, of which 2 were later obsoleted. We've also had 25 more projects brainstormed but not yet pushed forward.

How well did we do it, on a project-by-project basis?
=====================================================

.impact is not one organization, but rather a collection of projects. Therefore, it makes sense to assess our impact based on the goals of each individual project.

Skillshare
----------

_Summary  
  
_The expected impact of [this project](https://impact.hackpad.com/Skillshare.im-W2289RS1j8l) is to connect and create sharing between Effective Altruists.  So far the application has 55 users and 59 offers. The codebase has 498 commits, is well tested (97% coverage) and cleanly written (4.0 on code climate). Patrick found extending the app to allow users to request things to be much more difficult than he expected, which may mean that the code isn't well structured, or that he doesn't have much experience and is bad at predicting software schedules. Ozzie spent approximately 30 hours on the project, Patrick spent about 250 hours.

It's not obvious yet how much actual sharing has happened because of Skillshare. There were approximately 4-6 people who said that they had used the site successfully.

_Size of Potential Impact_

There are many potential ways that the project could become provide value. The main two are that (a) it could benefit the effective altruist community and (b) it could grow into a full company. We think that (b) is very unlikely. In considering (a), the project is fundamentally limited by the size of the effective altruist community. Right now that may be a few thousand individuals, but later it may grow. 

It seems possible (assuming a fantastic application) that on average, each person in the community (if defined in a binary way) uses it once per year, on average, to successfully request one thing. Many of the requests involve meeting people, for mentorship or education. If the average meeting is worth $30-$100, the benefit of the project would be about $30-$100 times the number of effective altruists per year. Right now, if there are 1,000, then this could possibly create $30,000 - $100,000 of value per year to the community according to this estimate. So far we are quite far away from this (51 users). 

As of 6 March 2014, 101 messages have been sent through the site. Each message sent through the site corresponds to one user requesting another user's offer (follow-up e-mails are sent directly between users and can't be tracked). A large proportion of the e-mails that were sent were test e-mails. Patrick Brinich-Langlois's 90% confidence interval is 18 to 70 real e-mails sent. (The metadata for these e-mails are deleted after thirty days, which is why we don't know the exact number.) Adding the ability to track use of the site is a priority, though it's been a priority for about three months, and nothing has been done about it.

The official launch of the site is about four months behind schedule. This isn't for any technical or pragmatic reason, but rather because it's really hard for us to get motivated to advertise promote our stuff.

_Assessment_

Patrick Brinich-Langlois probably put too much effort into this application given the current number of users, especially since use seems to have declined over the past two months (though use has steadily climbed back up [after publicity](http://dotimpact.im/2014/03/28/introducing-skillshareim/)). He also spent too much time working on relatively unimportant features, such as allowing users to log in without Facebook. It's unclear whether further, judicious investment in this project is worthwhile. Other projects may have more low-hanging fruit. Owing to inertia, Patrick will probably continue to work on the site unless somebody tells him to do something else.

The failure to have launched for more than a month (i.e., advertise the existence of this app on websites frequented by effective altruists) despite the application being useful and operational is strange, since launching seems pretty easy. Patrick probably should have taken responsibility for this part, but he will do anything to get out of doing anything else.

One big benefit of the project was that it motivated Patrick to finish his first Rails application. Before he started working on this, he was twiddling his thumbs, wondering if he'd have to make the world's elevnty gazillionth Twitter clone to learn Rails. But this project provided him a useful, fulfilling learning opportunity.

Veg Advocacy Study
------------------

_Summary_

The expected impact of [this project](https://impact.hackpad.com/Studying-Vegetarian-Advocacy-m11aW51ENVW) is to learn about the effectiveness of donating to Facebook ads for vegetarianism, to inform current donation efforts in the space and inform future earning to give efforts. If positive results are found, the superior methodology of the study and the independence from pro-veg groups should reassure donors and bring a lot more money toward a high-impact activity. If negative results are found, we also learn to avoid donating here and instead donate somewhere else, which is also important. So far, the project has taken 32 hours and no money.

_Size of Potential Impact_

Peter suspects there is a decent-sized risk that few people will be influenced by the study. Peter has been able to find four people not currently donating to vegetarian advocacy who say they would begin to donate if this study has positive results, suggesting around $80K annual donations could be moved to veg ads from GiveWell top charities. However, Peter has not yet found anyone who say they will move away from donating to vegetarian advocacy if the study has negative results.

_Risk of Project Collapse_

Right now progress is punctuated, but steady. The project seems to have survived Jason Ketola resigning from the project, with Peter instead collaborating with some researchers from the University of Texas. The next trying time for the study will be in the initial pilot test. There is a decent size risk that the project will be found unfeasible or much less useful than initially anticipated due to insufficient response rates on the survey. The need to pilot the study potentially several times combined with the need to wait 2-3 months for results also suggests that the timeline for the survey might be long, taking about a year to complete.

.meta
-----

_Summary_

[.meta](https://impact.hackpad.com/.meta-e1HVjGcw27B) is an individual project that involves the work done to keep infrastructure up to make sure all the other projects are well planned and coordinated. .meta is basically the project that manages the ".impact" brand as a whole. So far .meta has taken X hours (60 from Peter and Y from Ozzie) and $5.95/year for the dotimpact.im domain name. The potential impact from .meta is discussed throughout this analysis.

Redesign Projects
-----------------

_Summary_

By making important effective altruist websites look better, we hope to make them more engaging and improve readership, thereby potentially influencing people more than they otherwise would have been.

_Giving What We Can Redesign_

Ciaran Phillips created a custom drupal module for part of the new [Giving What We Can](http://www.givingwhatwecan.org) website (currently [hosted here](http://beta.givingwhatwecan.org)), and did some other work on implementing the new design across some pages. He estimates 35-40 hours for creation of the custom module. The other work Ciaran did on the site took an estimated 20 hours.

The project as a whole isn't really part of .impact, as work was already ongoing, but Ciaran's involvement came about through .impact (and he was originally contacted about this through Skillshare.im). The site is still not live, but this work has helped move forward the project quite a bit.

_Centre for Effective Altruism Redesign_

Ciaran Phillips also helped redesign [the Centre for Effective Altruism home page](http://centreforeffectivealtruism.org), which recently finished. This project invovled identification of suitable wordpress themes, voting to choose one, installation and customization of the theme and other tasks - paypal, slider, image choice/optimization etc. Overall the project likely took between 40-50 hours of Ciaran's time (as well as some time from staff within CEA).

The general response suggests this redesign presents a more professional impression of CEA, though the actual impact of this probably can't be measured. One metric available is donation tracking, but given the lack of 'impulse donations' among the EA community, it's unlikely this would provide any useful information. Google analytics was not enabled on the old website.

_Utilitarian Essays Redesign_

Brian Tomasik asked .impact to help with redesigning his [Utilitarian Essays](http://www.utilitarian-essays.com) page, though the redesign ended up being very simple, with minimal changes, and used suggestions mostly from people who were not involved with .impact.

Brian estimates that about 90 hours were put into creating and implementing the redesign -- 10 hours for discussions, 20 hours for implementation, and 50 hours for pictures. Implementation required a lot of grunt work involving fixing header tags and adding table of contents and summaries. Pictures involved a lot of learning about how-tos and legal aspects.

While web traffic does not show any clear boosts as a result of the redesign, Brian suspects that the improved readibility and credibility has a decent chance of affecting people over the future years, creating a high payoff, though this will be forever difficult to assess.

EA Reddit
---------

.impact [helped retool](https://impact.hackpad.com/EA-Reddit-CgvrZdkwXWV) Jeff Kaufman's [r/smartgiving subreddit](http://www.reddit.com/r/smartgiving) into an EA general subreddit, providing an alternate and potentially higher-quality venue for EA discussion (relative to the EA FB group).  So far, we've added 43 new subscribers (780 -> 823) since the re-launch on 5 Feb 2014. Posting activity has increased by a factor of about five, though this represents the addition of only two more active posters. Commenting activity has moved from non-existent to present. Generally speaking, the subreddit has still not taken off. Marginal time spent on relaunching the subreddit from where it was has been estimated at five hours among all people. No money was spent.

Other Projects in Active Development
------------------------------------

.impact has several other projects in the works, but many of them have not yet developed enough for their impact to be clear.

_Meetup Map_

The goal of the [meetup map](https://impact.hackpad.com/Meetups-9lZtOBBcBbe) is to inform people about meetups and therefore increase meetup attendance and EA networking. This project still is in development and not yet launched.

_Job Board_

The goal of [the job board](https://impact.hackpad.com/Job-Board-G2ZocnkVTsc) is to inform people about opportunities for employment in the effective altruist movement, increasing people's knowledge about careers. This project has not followed a minimal viable product model, however, instead opting for a more complex app in order to allow Peter to learn programming in Ruby/Rails. So far, Peter has spent 37.5 hours on this, Rob K. has spent about 10 hours on this, and Ozzie has spent $5.95/year on the domain name. The project is still in development and has not yet been launched, but it is very near completion. It's actual impact is still very unclear.

_EA Research Base_

The goal of [the research base](https://impactresearch.hackpad.com/) was to have a center to collaborate on and publicly host in-progress research. So far it has several documents. Most of these are only partially completed.

_Effective Altruist Community Blog using the LW Codebase_

The goal of [the community blog](https://impact.hackpad.com/Effective-Altruist-Community-Blog-using-LW-Codebase-lGglK2kN3Ll) is to adapt the LW codebase to create a high-quality community blog for effective altruists. Currently, this project seems to have steady progress. The project is still in development and has not yet been launched, so it's actual impact is still very unclear. Ryan Carey estimates the site will be ready by September 2014 (definitely later than May 2014, definitely earlier than March 2015).

_EA Blog Compilation / Introduction_

The goal of [the EA Blog Compilation](https://impact.hackpad.com/EA-Blog-Compilation-Introduction-B87PSZopY4f) is to create a book resource that can bring people from "I've heard someone talk about effective altruism a few times" to "I am now able to participate in strategic career choice and cause selection". Currently, this project seems to have steady progress, with authors lined up and the table of contents written. The project is still in development and has not yet been launched, so it's actual impact is still very unclear.

_EA Group Development_

The goal of EA Group Development is to help people build up groups of EAs in their local communities, such as EA Netherlands, EA Ottawa, EA Vancouver, and EA Melbourne. Individual groups seem to have had steady progress, but the opportunities for collaboration still remain untapped.

_Yearly EA Decision Survey_

The goal of [the Yearly EA Decision Survey](https://impact.hackpad.com/EA-Yearly-Decision-Survey-i4RylYOKP1b) is to gather potentially useful statistics on the effective altruist movement. Currently, this project seems to have steady progress. The project is still in development and has not yet been launched, so it's actual impact is still very unclear.

_Expanding Google Grants_

Google Grants offers many registered charities up to $120K of Google Ads per year for free. Yet many effective non-profits are not signed up. This makes it [potentially important](http://www.utilitarian-essays.com/google-grants.html) to (a) identify the Google Grant status of a lot of non-profits and (b) assist non-profits in setting up Google Grants. The goal of [this project](https://impact.hackpad.com/Expanding-Google-Grants-for-Effective-Non-Profits-gOEIP3SAQU0) is to make that happen. So far, this is just it's initial stages, so it's actual impact is still very unclear.

_Improving EA Presence on Wikipedia_

Wikipedia is the third most visited website, behind Facebook and Google.  EA content here could potentially reach a lot of people in an authoritative manner.  Right now, [several articles have been written](https://impact.hackpad.com/Improve-EA-Presence-on-Wikipedia-IofiuxpVgPe) on EA organizations, ideas, and people.  Vigilance and upkeep have also prevented some of these articles from being deleted.

_EA Interview Series_

By [interviewing EAs](https://impact.hackpad.com/EA-Interview-Series-BRMjLTsF84A), we hope to provide a relatable way of explaining EA to those people who are less familiar, as well as providing stories to inspire existing EAs to do more than they otherwise would.  Anecdotal evidence right now points to some inspirational value.  Right now with only about 30 hours invested in this project, even influencing one person to switch from donating 10% to 20% would be an amazing return on investment, and this seems like a plausible outcome based on existing anecdotes.  However, more rigorous evidence seems like it would be really hard to come by.

How well did we do it, generally speaking?
==========================================

While .impact is a collection of projects, we often are more than the sum of our parts. Therefore, it also makes sense to assess ourselves holistically. While the bottom line for .impact is ultimately reducing suffering and maximizing happiness as much as possible, we see ourselves as providing that in five key ways:

*   Building the EA community
*   Building EA infrastructure
*   Learning about volunteering
*   Giving people skills and credibility
*   Encouraging an ethos of trying things

Building the EA Community
-------------------------

_Why is this important?_

A stronger community for the effective altruist movement should better encourage existing EAs to contribute more and better attract new people to consider becoming EA. By building the EA Community, we hope to indirectly improve recruitment and retention in the effective altruist movement, which in turn indirectly results in more total altruistic effort, in turn resulting in more reduced suffering and increased happiness. Additionally, by improving the community, we hope to improve networking, which could allow people to more easily find collaborators on important projects. Overall, [movement building could potentially be a powerful and potentially underfunded path to impact](http://everydayutilitarian.com/essays/could-ea-community-building-be-an-easy-and-underfunded-win/).

_What have we done to accomplish this goal?_

We've obviously built a small community around .impact that did not previously exist, so we have at least minimal impact here. Through [r/smartgiving](http://www.reddit.com/r/smartgiving) and [Skillshare](http://www.skillshare.im), we've begun to make some progress on giving EAs more outlets to gather than just the Facebook group, though we have not yet had much payoff for any of this yet. We look forward to reassessing where we stand on this in the future, after more projects are launched.

Building EA Infrastructure
--------------------------

_Why is this important?_

Simply put, a community that can do more is a more powerful community. By building infrastructure, we aim to make it easier for people to do things in our community, thereby improving their existing altruistic effort, in turn resulting in more reduced suffering and increased happiness.

_What have we done to accomplish this goal?_

Much of the “infrastructure” so far has been infrastructure of .impact itself. This included much of the work done by .meta, the project groups focused on enhancing .impact. .impact has also encouraged transparency, which is both good as a terminal value and for improving information available to the EA community about what is being done and by who, hopefully lowering costs to engaging in activities and lowering the risk of duplicate work. We also expect [Skillshare](http://www.skillshare.im) to provide useful infrastructure when more widely promoted, which we have just begun to do so.

> I'm not sure if this is the correct section to mention this, but the thing I personally find most valuable about .impact is having a single place that I can go to be updated about what is going on in terms of infrastructure building in the wider EA community. I think .impact is the best place in the world right now for tracking the success of diverse EA projects, and I find that valuable. **— Niel Bowerman**

Learning about Volunteering
---------------------------

_Why is this important?_

Many people in the EA movement want to do more, but don't know how to get involved. This is a massively untapped resource. It would be good to learn more about how to tap into volunteerism, so we can better point people's spare time toward altruistic effort, in turn resulting in more reduced suffering and increased happiness.

_What have we done to accomplish this goal?_

.impact has learned a fair amount from talking to different people about the projects they are doing and by trying to interest people in getting more involved. In particular, we've come to believe that it is much more difficult to make good use of time commitments under a certain threshold. The vast majority of the work so far has come from the top 4-6 members. Many of the other contributions have been fairly minor. Most of the signups on our web form indicate that people are willing to put less than 6 hours of work per week into projects; our existing experience shows that in these cases, very little work gets done.  We discuss what precisely we learned in "What setbacks has .impact run into?" below.

Giving People Skills and Credibility
------------------------------------

_Why is this important?_

People with more skills and more credibility are able to go further. If all goes to plan, a person who works on a .impact project won't just be creating the project, but will also be learning from the project and will be able to leverage the project as a demonstration of their skills. This could lead to better careers and more talent in the EA movement, thereby making existing altruistic effort go further, in turn resulting in more reduced suffering and increased happiness.

_What have we done to accomplish this goal?_

Several people have used .impact as a platform to improve their own web development skills. Much of the recent work on Github from Peter Hurford, Patrick Brinich-Langlois, Ciaran Phillips, and Ozzie Gooen were from .impact projects. The four of us have also networked together, sharing our knowledge and resources to hopefully mutually improve our chances of landing jobs. Many of us intend to use these projects as part of our portfolio for applying to web development jobs, but we have not sent in applications yet.

Encouraging and Ethos of Trying Things
--------------------------------------

_Why is this important?_

Even if people don't coordinate through .impact, it's important to send a message to the effective altruist movement that making projects is possible, failure is not something that should be scary, and we all stand to gain significantly if only we were to try more things and see how they worked. A hopeful side-effect of .impact is to spread this message, encouraging people to consider more projects, thereby increasing altruistic effort, in turn resulting in more reduced suffering and increased happiness.

_What have we done to accomplish this goal?_

Since the creation of .impact, we anecdotally have observed an uptick in the amount of people thinking through and doing projects, even if not running those projects through .impact itself. While it's very hard to say what would have been different without .impact, it seems possible that the recent increase in activity in things like infographics, Niel suggesting a wedding donation registry project, or some collaborations with FHI, all would have not happened to the same degree if not for .impact creating an atmosphere where projects are seen as possible. There's a lot of reason to be skeptical of this tenuous claim, however, and we hope to continue to monitor this. There are no clear victories on this goal yet.

> The counterfactual on my case was that I first offered it to Giving What We Can, and they declined, and so I then offered it to .impact and it was analysed in enough detail to see that it wasn't as high priority as other useful things we could have been doing. That was useful analysis. I would not have offered it to .impact if .impact hadn't existed, but I would have still offered it to GWWC. **— Niel Bowerman**

What setbacks has .impact run into?
===================================

No organization progresses perfectly without making some mistakes. Here are some of our stumbling blocks and lessons learned.

The supply of volunteering is limited
-------------------------------------

When .impact began, there was an implicit expectation that the amount of free time people had available for EA projects was moderately plentiful, and we could put together a good group of maybe a dozen people or so. Instead, we've learned that volunteering is not as plentiful as we had hoped and .impact has failed to add any regular contributors (>3 hours each week) from the initial four at the beginning (Peter, Ozzie, Patrick, Ciarán) despite several attempts at recruiting, though perhaps Ryan Carey or Pablo Stafforini could also be seen as regular contributors, despite operating more independently.

While there are probably 3-6 people that seem promising possibilities for future regular contributors, they have not yet given their time.  As a result, .impact has pivoted away from spending time on active recruiting efforts.

We do have some people who could contribute very small amounts of time, but we have not really had small tasks available for them to do, though perhaps a greater build-up and publicity of the EA Wiki could help this problem. Generally speaking, .impact's to-do list is larger than we have people available to do things, and the demand for volunteering exceeds the supply of volunteerism.

Interestingly, so far it seems like it has been much easier to find people to work on challenging technical tasks than more basic ones. We have had significant website development work, but relatively little promotion, data gathering, and writing (outside of .meta).

Volunteer software projects are more difficult than originally assumed
----------------------------------------------------------------------

So far, it has taken a substantial amount of time to make much progress on anything. Approximately 400 hours total have gone into the web applications so far, with relatively little user activity to show for it, though this is probably because significantly less time has been put into launching and promoting the applications. Maintenance has been a significant hurdle; not only do applications have to be created, but they also require substantial work to keep from breaking.

It's difficult to predict how useful our projects would be
----------------------------------------------------------

One problem with knowing if we are effectively using our time is it is very difficult to estimate the value of our projects.

_Needs Analysis_

Right now, .impact is a collection of projects that people have wanted to work on. While we did encourage some prioritization through having people vote up projects they thought most beneficial, there has been no formal needs analysis done to prioritize projects. Some of this is a good thing -- people work better on projects they enjoy. Furthermore, .impact should have a lot of elements of being a collection of what individual people find most important rather than imposing a prioritization scheme upon people. However, it would be beneficial if our projects could be informed by more prioritization work.

_Metric Measurement_

Assessing the impact of our projects is difficult, but we can work through some things to come up with good metrics for our projects. We just haven't put the time into doing this yet.

Our meetings weren't as productive as they could have been
----------------------------------------------------------

Throughout the first couple months of .impact, we spent a significant amount of time in meetings.  For many people in .impact, more time was spent in meetings than outside of meetings.  Therefore, we started out by slimming down meeting time considerably separating out into separate meetings by function (project updates, brainstorming, recruitment), and then later switched to bi-weekly meetings.  There's a risk this could lead to less motivation on projects (because you're no longer focused on making weekly progress for weekly meetings), but hopefully it will give people more time for .impact.

Aligning high-impact development with education is challenging
--------------------------------------------------------------

We originally intended that volunteers produce useful software while at the same time developing useful skills.  In practice these two goals have been quite separate.  Often the most practical solutions involve relatively simple technology.  However, volunteers seem most inclined to work on projects that would be technologically interesting.  It seems very difficult to optimize both for learning programming and making useful projects at the same time, and it would be better for us to try to do both separately.

_Case: Skillshare.im_

A very substantial codebase was written for Skillshare.im.  The code has 97% test coverage and a 4.0 on code climate for code quality.  Several interesting features were added, including a [custom Twitter feed](https://twitter.com/Skillshare_im) for new requests.  Skillshare.im also received a somewhat novel design.  However, it had relatively low growth, and it's technical infrastructure and design made it substantially more difficult to modify.  Whenever new features were added or changed, tests broke and had to be repaired, and the design needed special maintenance.  After some discussion, it seems like the project was well designed to show to future prospective employers, but not optimized well for users.  Later the website was ready for a public “launch” but this delayed several weeks for a lack of time (this was Ozzie's responsibility).  

_Case: Job Board_

As stated above, development on the Job Board has mostly been geared to learning how to use Ruby on Rails.  Features included automated scripting from 80,000 Hours' job listings and user registration.  An alternative would have been to make a much more basic application without users with a simple table and do the inputing of jobs manually.  An even simpler and easier alternative would have been to create a Hackpad document or similar with the listings of jobs.  Both of these alternatives would have been much better uses of time for the purpose of giving the effective altruist community a workable listing of all of the relevant jobs.  However, they weren't as technically interesting, and thus were not pursued.  

_Case: Javascript_

A few members wanted to do work in JavaScript frameworks (Backbone.js, Ember.js, Angular.js).  These are now very popular among employers.  We didn't have any obvious projects that could use JavaScript frameworks at the time, so may have lost additional work.  We may consider doing projects using JavaScript in the future, but it's not obvious what these will be.  It's currently assumed that JavaScript front-ends are not essential to many of the ideas we currently have.  Therefore they may be poor for prototyping and long-term value.

.impact has room to grow when it comes to diversity
---------------------------------------------------

.impact has a lot of people with very similar skillsets and experiences -- young, white, male beginning coders.  We have a lot of room to grow in diversifying on gender, race, skills, and experiences.  This problem isn't confined to .impact (the same is true of both programming and effective altruism), but .impact seems affected to a larger extent.  This is something for us to be wary of, though we're not sure how to make progress on this issue given past failures to recruit people.

.impact is still very new
-------------------------

Neither Ozzie and Peter (the main “project managers”, for lack of a better term) have too much experience in volunteer management and we're both still learning how to run an organization.  Overall, we don't really know what to expect in running .impact and we strongly suspect that more experience would make us much more effective.  We try a lot to seek the advice of more experienced people, but it can only go so far.  The rest needs to be navigated via trial and error.

What are our costs?
===================

A key question for ourselves is whether we should keep putting more effort into .impact, or whether we should do something else instead.

_How much money does it take to run .impact?_

Monetary costs in .impact are very low.  Current total spending on all .impact projects is less than $50.

_How much time does it take to run .impact?_

However, .impact involves more than just money -- it also involves the time of the people involved with the project.  Time spent here is time not spent elsewhere, and this presents a clear opportunity cost.  We estimate our time spent breaks down roughly as follows:

*   Peter: 134 hours
*   Ozzie: 120 hours
*   Patrick: 290 hours
*   Ciarán: 115 hours
*   Others: 98 hours (pretty good estimate of total meeting time spent by others), 100 (decent estimate of total project time spent by others) = ~200 hours

...on the following projects:

*   .meta: 120 hours
*   Skillshare: 280 hours
*   Veg Study: 32 hours
*   Redesigns: 190 hours
*   Job Board: 50 hours
*   Other: 210 hours

In total, we spent about 860 person hours on .impact to date.  If you value our time at $40 an hour, this works out to a total cost of running .impact as $34.4K to date.

_What else could we have done with this time and money?_

**Peter:** "The time I spent working on .impact would probably be instead spent on direct volunteering for other EA organizations (adding work for the Centre for Effective Altruism and The Life You Can Save, in addition to the work for Animal Charity Evaluators I already do) and more focus learning computer programming to boost my employability.  It seems plausible but unlikely the work I'd do for CEA / TLYCS would be higher impact (given considerations of skill and replaceability) than trying out .impact.  It's also quite plausible that it would be better for me to focus more on learning computer programming than more marginal .impact work (and I have shifted some in that direction), but the learning value from .impact has been immense for me."

**Ozzie:** "The most obvious thing is that I could have spent more time improving working for 80,000 Hours, where I was employed at the time.  This could have meant an extra 10-30% speed or functionality, or less bugs.  I could have also attempted to get some extra consulting work, or worked a lot more on my blog.  I could definitely have learned more about computer programming if I would have done other projects which would have been more specialized.  I think this was marginally beneficial to me in terms of career capital, though I did enjoy making friends and meeting people.  I would thus expect most of the benefit of my work to be things that occurred to other people or the community.  While at the time the benefit seemed expected to be greater than earning to give, I'm not sure about this at this point."

**Patrick:** "The amount of money spent on the Skillshare app is not worth remarking on. I spent about 50–100 hours on the app during my work hours, and the opportunity cost of this time was low. Although the project was a good learning experience, I probably would have learned at least as much if I had spent some of the time working on other .impact apps, and my impact would probably have been greater."

**Ciarán:** "The time/effort I've spent on .impact, would most likely have been otherwise spent on personal projects for career development. I did gain some career capital from these projects (how much may depend on the companies I apply for in my current job search), though I would have learned more directly useful skills had I been putting the time into my own projects.  This was also my first opportunity to engage with other EAs beyond facebook discussions, and I've gained a better understanding of the community as well a stronger commitment to EA ideas; I feel that due to this I'll be contributing more in the future than I would have otherwise."

Do we justify our costs?
========================

Obviously a lot could be done with 860 hours of highly motivated EA time.  If all our efforts were channeled into earning to give and donated to GiveWell top charities (a typical comparison for EA effort), this effort could have saved 13 lives in expectation.  Though, notably, a lot of .impact time was free time that could not have been easily converted into earning-to-give work, and the testimonials above show that the time may not have been spent otherwise on high-impact activities.

The impact of .impact is very hard to calculate at the moment.  Admittedly, much of our self-analysis is not very rigorous, and a large majority of our impact remains in our yet-to-be-realized potential.  Our core argument mainly rests in taking on causes that seem very high impact in expectation (growing the EA movement), and doing our best to progress on them in a transparent way, with a lot of learning value.

It does seems decently possible that our impact to date is not equal to or greater than an equivalent donation to GiveWell.  However, it's also decently possible that our impact is many times greater than an equivalent donation to GiveWell.  Overall, we remain decently confident (~70% sure) that the impact we've stated above is better than or equal to having donating to GiveWell instead.