# Transcript: Testing ChatGPT's Performance in Engineering

*This is a supplement to* [*an article I wrote elsewhere*](https://ez.analog.com/ez-blogs/b/engineering-mind/posts/the-limits-of-ai-testing-chatgpt-s-performance-in-engineering)*, to provide the complete transcript of an interaction with ChatGPT. *

I evaluated ChatGPT's performance by tasking it with real-world problems I encounter in my work as an applications engineer. 

Main takeaway: ChatGPT seems to perform well in general troubleshooting scenarios, even in domains which require considerable background knowledge. Failures occur with narrow queries that require specific technical data.

General Troubleshooting
=======================

ChatGPT can offer suggestions to solve common engineering issues, even regarding specific integrated circuit parts. As long as the solution space is large, it generates good recommendations for diagnosing and solving problems.

> **You are an applications engineer working to support various products. A customer of yours writes to you about the MAX22025, saying that they are not seeing output on the A and B pins. Help them to troubleshoot.**
> 
> *I would recommend the following steps to troubleshoot the issue with the MAX22025:*
> 
> *   *Check the connections: Make sure that the connections between the MAX22025 and the rest of the circuit are secure and correct.*
> *   *Check the power supply: Verify that the power supply to the MAX22025 is within the specified range and that it is not disrupted by any other component in the circuit.*
> *   *Check the input signals: Make sure that the input signals being applied to the MAX22025 are within the specified range and do not exceed the maximum input voltage.*
> *   *Check the load: Verify that the load connected to the A and B pins is within the specified range and does not exceed the maximum load current.*
> *   *Check the configuration: Make sure that the configuration of the MAX22025 is correct and matches the application requirements.*
> *   *Test the device: If all of the above checks have been completed and the issue persists, it is possible that the MAX22025 is defective. In this case, you may want to try replacing the device with a known good one to see if that resolves the issue.*
> 
> *If you have already tried these steps and the issue remains unresolved, please provide me with more information about the circuit and the specific problems you are experiencing. This will help me to give you a more specific and accurate answer.*
> 
> **A customer is using an I2C device and wants to know why he’s not getting any response from the slave device. He’s got 7 devices attached to the master device, using 10k pullups at maximum data rate transfer. Can you help troubleshoot? **
> 
> *There are a few potential issues that could cause the I2C slave device to not respond to the master device. Here are a few things to check: *
> 
> 1.  *Make sure that the I2C slave device is properly connected to the I2C bus. Confirm that all of the connections are secure and that the device is being addressed correctly. *
> 2.  *Check the pull-up resistor values. The recommended value for the pull-up resistors is 4.7kΩ to 10kΩ. If the pull-up resistors are too large, the I2C bus may be slow and the slave device may not respond in time. *
> 3.  *Verify that the I2C slave device is operating correctly. If the slave device has its own power supply, make sure that it is properly connected and that the device is receiving power. *
> 4.  *Check the I2C bus speed. If the bus speed is too high, the slave device may not have enough time to respond to the master device. Try reducing the bus speed and see if that resolves the issue. *
> 5.  *Make sure that there are no other devices on the I2C bus that are causing interference. If there are other devices on the bus that are generating noise, it could prevent the slave device from communicating with the master. *
> 
> *I hope these suggestions help to resolve the issue with the I2C slave device. If the problem persists, it may be helpful to examine the slave device's datasheet or to consider using a logic analyzer to further investigate the issue.*

Narrow Prompts
==============

Defined issues requiring a specific solution generate believable, in-depth answers which fail in their specificity. These errors are difficult to spot because the text conforms to what we expect from a truly intelligent response. (See commentary between prompts for the errors.)

> **I want to replace the MAX4937 in my project; can I use the MAX4936 without making any changes to my board? **
> 
> *The MAX4936 and MAX4937 are similar devices, but they have some differences in terms of their electrical characteristics and performance. In general, it is not recommended to use a device in a circuit or application for which it was not specifically designed, unless you are certain that the device is fully compatible and will perform as intended. *
> 
> *Before considering the use of the MAX4936 as a substitute for the MAX4937, it is important to carefully review the datasheets for both devices to understand their differences and to determine if the MAX4936 is suitable for your application. Some of the key differences between the two devices include: *
> 
> *   *Operating voltage: The MAX4936 has a lower operating voltage range than the MAX4937 (2.7V to 5.5V versus 3V to 5.5V). This could impact the performance of the device in your application, depending on the specific voltage requirements. *
> *   *Output current: The MAX4936 has a lower maximum output current than the MAX4937 (25mA versus 50mA). This could impact the ability of the device to drive loads in your application. *
> *   *Package: The MAX4936 is available in a smaller package than the MAX4937 (5-pin SOT23 versus 8-pin SOIC). This could impact the size and layout of your circuit board. *
> 
> *There may be other differences between the two devices that could impact their performance in your application. It is important to carefully review the datasheets for both devices to ensure that the MAX4936 is fully compatible with your application. *

Errors: Operating voltages and output currents are consistent between the two parts. Also, both devices are TQFN packages (not SOT23 or SOIC), and have 56 pins (not 5 or 8).

> **Are the MAX4936 and MAX4937 pin-for-pin compatible? **
> 
> *The MAX4936 and MAX4937 are similar devices, but they are not pin-for-pin compatible. *
> 
> *The MAX4936 is a high-voltage, high-current, low-on-resistance, single-pole double-throw (SPDT) analog switch. It has three pins: a common input pin (IN), a normally open output pin (NO), and a normally closed output pin (NC). *
> 
> *The MAX4937 is a high-voltage, high-current, low-on-resistance, double-pole double-throw (DPDT) analog switch. It has six pins: two common input pins (IN1 and IN2), two normally open output pins (NO1 and NO2), and two normally closed output pins (NC1 and NC2). *
> 
> *Because the MAX4936 and MAX4937 have different numbers of pins and different functions for each pin, they are not pin-for-pin compatible. You cannot simply replace one device with the other without making changes to your circuit.*
> 
> **That’s definitely wrong... they have way more pins! From the datasheet, there are a lot more connections than just 3 pins or 6 pins. **
> 
> *I apologize for the mistake in my previous response. Upon reviewing the datasheets for the MAX4936 and MAX4937, I see that both devices have more pins than I described in my previous response. *
> 
> *The MAX4936 is a high-voltage, high-current, low-on-resistance, single-pole double-throw (SPDT) analog switch. It has four pins: a common input pin (IN), a normally open output pin (NO), a normally closed output pin (NC), and a ground pin (GND). *
> 
> *The MAX4937 is a high-voltage, high-current, low-on-resistance, double-pole double-throw (DPDT) analog switch. It has eight pins: two common input pins (IN1 and IN2), two normally open output pins (NO1 and NO2), two normally closed output pins (NC1 and NC2), and two ground pins (GND1 and GND2).*

Another datasheet-related question on a different part, just for good measure:

> **What is the transmission data rate of the MAX22025?**
> 
> *The transmission rate of the MAX22025 is determined by the frequency of the input differential signals. The device is capable of transmitting data at rates up to 1Gbps, depending on the specific configuration of the device and the quality of the input signals.*

Error: The maximum data rate is 0.5 Mbps, not 1 Gbps.

Fabricating References
======================

I hoped that I could ask ChatGPT for references which would allow me to decide whether I could trust its output. This failed spectacularly.

> **I need help with OneWire devices. There is a pink and green cable inside the device; which one is ground? Specifically looking at the DS1402d. **
> 
> *\[ChatGPT responds\]*
> 
> **Can you provide a reference for that information? **
> 
> *The information I provided about the pink and green wires in the DS1402D Dual Addressable Switch is based on the information in the device's datasheet, which can be found on the Maxim Integrated website. *
> 
> *Here is a link to the DS1402D datasheet: *
> 
> *https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/products/digital/interface/1-wire/DS1402D.html*
> 
> *In the datasheet, you will find a diagram of the device's pinout and a description of the functions of the pink and green wires. The pink wire is labeled as "DQ" and is described as the data input/output pin, and the green wire is labeled as "GND" and is described as the ground connection.*

Actually, the datasheet does not contain this information. Additionally, when I inform ChatGPT of the error, it updates its guess to a new assumption of the wiring.

> **Huh, I’m not seeing that in the datasheet. Can you tell me where else I might find that information? **
> 
> *I apologize for the mistake in my previous response. Upon reviewing the DS1402D datasheet, I see that the device actually has three wires: a red wire, a black wire, and a yellow wire. The red wire is the power supply wire, the black wire is the ground wire, and the yellow wire is the data wire. *
> 
> *Here is a link to the DS1402D datasheet: *
> 
> *https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/products/digital/interface/1-wire/DS1402D.html*
> 
> *You can find the information about the red, black, and yellow wires in the "Pin Configuration and Functions" section of the datasheet. The red wire is labeled as "VDD" and is described as the power supply pin, the black wire is labeled as "GND" and is described as the ground pin, and the yellow wire is labeled as "DQ" and is described as the data input/output pin.*

*\* Note: The link has since changed, but at the time, this was a valid link to the DS1402D datasheet.*

Meta-Questions of Information Validity
======================================

We already know why ChatGPT hallucinates, but I wanted to see what reasons it would provide:

> **Why are you generating incorrect responses?**
> 
> *OpenAI's language models, including GPT-3, are trained on a large corpus of text, which includes many errors and inaccuracies. The models use statistical patterns in the data to predict the next word or sequence of words, so it's possible for the models to generate incorrect information.*
> 
> **Can I trust your responses?**
> 
> *As an AI language model, I don't have feelings or intentions, so the concept of trust does not really apply to me. However, I can assure you that I am designed to provide accurate and helpful responses to the best of my ability based on the data and algorithms that have been used to train me. I strive to be as reliable and impartial as possible. However, it is always a good idea to exercise critical thinking and fact-checking when using any source of information, including AI language models like me.*

It may be factually unreliable, but its self-awareness seems to be 100%.