# Epistemic Comparison: First Principles Land vs. Mimesis Land

*Epistemic Status: wildly speculative*

I've been thinking about the ideas of mimesis and cultural learning by [René Girard](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Girard) (known in part for being [recommended by Peter Thiel](https://www.businessinsider.com/peter-thiel-on-rene-girards-influence-2014-11?r=US&IR=T), explanation [here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5SCnonH0Yr4&t=366s)) and Joseph Henrich ([Secrets of our Success](https://slatestarcodex.com/2019/06/04/book-review-the-secret-of-our-success/)). These seem like both profound, though vastly unexplored ideas. René Girard had a few bold ideas on mimesis, but seemed to focus more on scapegoats and religious details. Joseph Henrich catalogued lots of specific evidence, but didn't really investigate the broader implications.\[1\] 

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There are obvious possibilities of these ideas to our epistemics. If it is true that humans copy their ideas from each other instead of deriving them based on reason, often without knowing it, this would have vast implications on our beliefs.

To understand these ideas better, I constructed two hypothetical and extremized societies. The first is "first principles land", where everyone constructs their beliefs individually using first principles. These people act basically as ideal Bayesian agents and approximate gears-levels understandings of everything. This is infinitely difficult to do in practice, but simple to reason about in abstract. The second is "Mimesis Land", where people copy their beliefs from those they consider successful, typically without realizing it (this bit taken from Girard). To make "Mimesis Land" work at all, I'd posit that there is some amount of experimentation of techniques and beliefs happening at all times.  
  
I then compared these two hypothetically societies based on how I expected each to do on 17 various attributes.

[See the document here.](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1v5IroAY9BvwvdrxgCVQBGt-tsbB0A2o5GdI9zUS0zUk/edit?fbclid=IwAR3T-ooDn51j506iBi0BDmlWamVNPTu1uARPB8IbNFQtYainO7OT7MR9vy0#gid=0)

Needless to say, Mimesis Land was more interesting to me than First Principles Land. 

One tricky thing is that neither land was trying to model real humans; but humans that followed my simple view of a version of a set of extreme theories that might be somewhat coherent. There was a fair bit of subjectivity in this. I'm sure others would come up with significantly different versions of First Principles Land and Mimesis Land. As such I'm not particularly satisfied with this methodology, but at the same time I'm not sure what procedures would be strictly better.

I am bullish on trying to more clearly formulate what first principles thinking and mimesis fully look like in practice, and the costs and benefits of both. In both cases there seem to be fairly patchy terminology of several clusters discussing them without all too much structure. Many thanks to LessWrong for some of my original thoughts on both so far, but there's still a lot of work left.

If I were to continue on a similar path, I would consider adding several other worlds. First Principles Land may get a less extreme version. The Mimesis Land here assumes that people copy the most successful people, and do so mostly unknowingly. It would be interesting to try variants where they copy others (for instance, the most credible people), and do so intentionally (so they are fully aware that their beliefs are inconsistent and often likely to be wrong.) There could be "Chesterton's Fence Land", where traditional beliefs are intentionally chosen. There could be "Forecaster Land", where everyone delegates all thoughts to a prediction market.

I'm really curious what readers may think of this methodology, and this piece in general. Comments highly appreciated.

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**Disclaimers of things I don't believe:**

1.  My definitions of both lands are the "correct" definitions. -> I made a lot of subjective choices in each case and could imagine plenty of alternative ideas.
2.  First Principles Land is "better" than Mimesis Land. -> First Principles Land has a bunch of advantage, but is much less possible, and also have some significant disadvantages.
3.  Western society is just like Mimesis Land -> I think our society has similarities to both lands. There are probably more similarities to Mimesis Land, but there could also be similarities to other lands not yet described.
4.  I (Ozzie) am in First Principles Land -> I'm sure I have many beliefs copied from others I haven't noticed. I noticed several, and copy many practices from others without understanding them at all. (For playful instance, I celebrate some holidays, while having no first principles understanding of the optimality of the specific practices.)
5.  I (Ozzie) am understanding "Mimesis" correctly -> I'm sure I'm making mistakes. I haven't read Girard's books, just watched a few lectures and read summaries. From what I understand, he's quite dense.
6.  First Principles Land and Mimesis Land are two sides to a spectrum, and all reasonable worlds are exactly in between these two -> These two lands are both extremes, but there are several important axes not covered by them. Our world is generally somewhere in between them in the areas where they are opposed, but also has several other separate characteristics.

  
\[1\] Social constructivism and has a much more robust literature. To be honest I'm quite rusty on this and need to catch up some time. Interestingly, I don't remember reading about connections between this and Girard or Henrich, though they seem to share a lot of beliefs.  
 

*Thanks to Brangus for discussion on the ideas that helped lead to this final post.*