costs and expenses our total costs and expenses were as follows: .
[['( in millions )', 'fiscal years ended march 31 2018', 'fiscal years ended march 31 2017 ( 1 )', 'fiscal years ended april 1 2016 ( 1 )', 'fiscal years ended 2018', 'fiscal years ended 2017 ( 1 )', '2016 ( 1 )'], ['costs of services ( excludes depreciation and amortization and restructuring costs )', '$ 17944', '$ 5545', '$ 5185', '73.0% ( 73.0 % )', '72.9% ( 72.9 % )', '73.0% ( 73.0 % )'], ['selling general and administrative ( excludes depreciation and amortization and restructuring costs )', '2010', '1279', '1059', '8.2', '16.8', '14.9'], ['depreciation and amortization', '1964', '647', '658', '8.0', '8.5', '9.3'], ['restructuring costs', '803', '238', '23', '3.3', '3.1', '0.3'], ['interest expense net', '246', '82', '85', '1.0', '1.1', '1.2'], ['debt extinguishment costs', '2014', '2014', '95', '2014', '2014', '1.3'], ['other income net', '-82 ( 82 )', '-10 ( 10 )', '-9 ( 9 )', '-0.3 ( 0.3 )', '-0.1 ( 0.1 )', '-0.1 ( 0.1 )'], ['total costs and expenses', '$ 22885', '$ 7781', '$ 7096', '93.2% ( 93.2 % )', '102.3% ( 102.3 % )', '99.9% ( 99.9 % )']]
( 1 ) fiscal 2017 and 2016 costs and expenses are for csc only and therefore are not directly comparable to fiscal 2018 costs and expenses .during fiscal 2018 , we took actions to optimize our workforce , extract greater supply chain efficiencies and rationalize our real estate footprint .we reduced our labor base by approximately 13% ( 13 % ) through a combination of automation , best shoring and pyramid correction .we also rebalanced our skill mix , including the addition of more than 18000 new employees and the ongoing retraining of the existing workforce .in real estate , we restructured over four million square feet of space during fiscal 2018 .costs of services fiscal 2018 compared with fiscal 2017 cost of services excluding depreciation and amortization and restructuring costs ( "cos" ) was $ 17.9 billion for fiscal 2018 as compared to $ 5.5 billion for fiscal 2017 .the increase in cos was driven by the hpes merger and was partially offset by reduction in costs associated with our labor base and real estate .cos for fiscal 2018 included $ 192 million of pension and opeb actuarial and settlement gains associated with our defined benefit pension plans .fiscal 2017 compared with fiscal 2016 cos as a percentage of revenues remained consistent year over year .the $ 360 million increase in cos was largely related to our acquisitions and a $ 31 million gain on the sale of certain intangible assets in our gis segment during fiscal 2016 not present in the current fiscal year .this increase was offset by management's ongoing cost reduction initiatives and a year-over-year favorable change of $ 28 million to pension and opeb actuarial and settlement losses associated with our defined benefit pension plans .the amount of restructuring charges , net of reversals , excluded from cos was $ 219 million and $ 7 million for fiscal 2017 and 2016 , respectively .selling , general and administrative fiscal 2018 compared with fiscal 2017 selling , general and administrative expense excluding depreciation and amortization and restructuring costs ( "sg&a" ) was $ 2.0 billion for fiscal 2018 as compared to $ 1.3 billion for fiscal 2017 .the increase in sg&a was driven by the hpes merger .integration , separation and transaction-related costs were $ 408 million during fiscal 2018 , as compared to $ 305 million during fiscal 2017. .

Question: in fiscal 2018 what percentage of total costs and expenses was selling general and administrative ( excludes depreciation and amortization and restructuring costs ) ?
Answer: 9%