formula_11满足：formula_129称formula_11满足右消去律，若formula_11满足：formula_132称formula_11满足消去律，若formula_11同时满足左消去律与右消去律。
幂等律.设formula_11: formula_12是集合formula_1上的二元运算，则：称formula_11满足幂等律，若formula_11满足：formula_140；
幂幺律.设formula_11: formul