From: xc17@cicero.spc.uchicago.edu ()
Subject: CND-EP, December 18, 1992
Keywords: CND-EP, December 18, 1992
Organization: U of Chicago, SSPPCC
Date: Fri, 18 Dec 1992 07:00:50 GMT
Summary: CND-EP, December 18, 1992
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===================  Europe / Pacific Section (CND-EP)  ===================
                             December 18, 1992

---------------------------- Table of Contents ----------------------------
No. Subject                                                      # of Lines

1. News Brief (3 items) ................................................ 29

2. German Lawmakers Vote to Normalise Relations with China ............. 25

3. Rogachev Says Russia Will Sell Weapons to China, S.E. Asia .......... 59

4. Asia Said Overtaking Africa as Top AIDS Infection Area .............. 27

5. IFCSS Opens Chinese Community Information Center .................... 70

6. Fast-food Chains, Traditional Eateries Do Battle in China ........... 90

7. Job Openings in Psychology, Physics, and Material Science (6 Items) . 79
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1. News Brief (3 items) ................................................ 29
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[AP-DJ 12/14/92] Israeli President Chaim Herzog will pay an official visit
to China December 24-30, the Chinese Foreign Ministry announced Monday.
China and Israel have previously exchanged foreign ministerial visits since
establishing diplomatic relations in January this year. Herzog was invited
to China by President Yang Shangkun, Xinhua News Agency quoted a Foreign
Ministry spokesman as saying. (Forwarded by: Jian)
                      ____  ____  ____  ____

[AP-DJ 12/14/92] HONG KONG -- France's Societe Generale has opened a branch
in Canton, capital of China's southernmost Guangdong province, becoming the
third foreign bank to do so in the last four weeks. A bank spokesman said
the group has had a representative office in Canton since 1986 but the
mainland only recently opened up the city to foreign bank branches. She said
the bank will focus on trade finance in the city. The group also has a
branch in Shenzhen, the boom town bordering Hong Kong. Late last month, Hong
Kong-based Bank of East Asia and Nanyang Commercial Bank also opened
branches in Canton. (Forwarded by: Jian)
                      ____  ____  ____  ____

[AP 12/18/92] BERLIN -- Former East German leader Erich Honecker may die of
liver cancer in three months, and by mid-January will be in too much pain to
continue standing trial, according to a court-ordered medical evaluation.
Honecker, 80, is on trial for allegedly issuing shoot-to-kill orders aimed
at East Germans trying to flee his hard-line Communist regime. The month-old
proceedings against Honecker are expected to last two years. The court is
scheduled to consider the report at the trial's next session on Thursday.
Hanns-Ekkehard Ploeger, a lawyer representing families of the shooting
victims, said Tuesday that the report predicts Honecker will die in three to
six months. Ploeger said Honecker is likely to start feeling severe pain in
mid-January, making him unable to go on with the trial. (Forwarded by: Zhao
Hua)

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2. German Lawmakers Vote to Normalise Relations with China ............. 25
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Forwarded by: Jian
Source: Dow Jones International News 12/10/92

BONN -- German lawmakers put human rights concerns on the backburner
Thursday and voted to normalize relations with China in an effort to boost
trade with the Communist giant.

Three years after the China's bloody crackdown on the pro-democracy student
movement, the lower house of parliament, the Bundestag, voted 323-197 to
normalize trade and diplomatic ties. There were 23 abstentions.

The vote was mainly a formality that endorsed Chancellor Helmut Kohl's
decision earlier this year to thaw relations in an effort to boost German
exports to China. Germany's export-driven economy is mired in a period of
sluggish growth.

Like other Western countries, Germany imposed sanctions after the June 1989
army assault on peaceful demonstrators in Beijing. Aid and high-level
official visits were suspended.

As recently as March, Kohl told Chinese Foreign Minister Qian Qichen that "a
visible change in Chinese human rights policies" was necessary for fully
normalized relations.

In its resolution, the Bundestag called on China to respect human rights.

The youth wing of Kohl's conservative Christian Democrats denounced the
normalization as "bowing to economic interests."

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3. Rogachev Says Russia Will Sell Weapons to China, S.E. Asia .......... 59
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Forwarded by: Jian
Source: AP-DJ 12/14/92

Russia's senior envoy to China said Monday that Moscow considers weapons
sales an 'integral part' of its bilateral relationship with Beijing.

"I think it is quite natural that we consider such cooperation an integral
part of our general relationship," Ambassador Igor Rogachev said at a press
conference to introduce Russian President Boris Yeltsin's three-day visit to
China which starts Thursday.

Rogachev denied that weapons sales to China threaten stability in the
Asia-Pacific region.

"We sell some military equipment to this country (China) but we keep in mind
our international obligations," Rogachev said.

Russia is also negotiating to sell weapons to other nations in southeast
Asia, he said, without giving details.

Rogachev, a former Soviet deputy prime minister, said Yeltsin has no
specific plans to discuss military cooperation during his visit, which is
expected to focus on economic cooperation.

China bought 24 SU-27 military aircraft from Russia last year and is
reportedly interested in acquiring state-of-the-art MiG-31 fighter jets.

Rogachev called the SU-27 sale an insignificant number and said he was not
aware of any plans to sell the MiG-31 to Beijing.

Calling Yeltsin's tour "a summit of great importance" Rogachev said the
primary goal is to promote "highly dynamic" relations with China in all
fields.

"Yeltsin will sign a very important joint declaration on the basic
principles of bilateral relations," Rogachev said.

The joint declaration, which was initialed by the two countries' foreign
ministers last month, will include a clause foregoing ideological
differences and pledging noninterference in the other's internal affairs, he
said.

As many as 20 separate agreements will also be signed by officials from both
countries including a nuclear energy cooperation pact, he added.

Rogachev did not rule out the possibility that China and Russia may launch
agreements to co-manufacture weapons.

"I don't exclude that we shall have some agreements to modernize some of the
old (munitions) plants that were built in the 1950s" in China, he said.

On the issue of border disputes, Rogachev said the two sides have reached
almost total agreement on demarcation of the east section of their long
common border.

"We have reached agreement of 98% of the Russo-Chinese border," he said.
"There are two small parts of our common border which are still undecided
and we agreed with the Chinese side to continue talking," he said.

China and Russia dispute Zhenbao Island (Damansky Island in Russian) in the
Amur River and Hei Shazi Island in the Ussuri river which both border
northeast China.

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4. Asia Said Overtaking Africa as Top AIDS Infection Area .............. 27
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Forwarded by: Jian
Source: AP 12/17/92

LONDON - AIDS is spreading in Asia as swiftly as a decade ago in Africa and
the continent may soon become the center for most new infections of the
deadly virus, a World Health Organization expert said Wednesday.

Dr. Michael Merson, director of the group's Global Program on AIDS, said in
some cities of sub-Saharan Africa as many as one-third of adults are
infected with HIV, which causes AIDS.

About 8 million of the estimated 13 million AIDS or HIV sufferers in the
world live in sub-Saharan Africa, Merson said.

But he predicted that more Asians than Africans will soon be infected
annually.

Given the speed of spread and the population density, we predict that
sometime in the mid- to late-1990s more Asians will be newly infected than
Africans, said Merson told a Pan-European Symposium on AIDS.

In Europe, where the prevalence of HIV infection appears to be leveling off,
the main causes of AIDS transmission are sex between men and drug needles.
But elsewhere, heterosexual transmission was on the increase, Merson said.

In 1984, homosexual and bisexual men accounted for 66% of reported adult
AIDS cases, he said.

In 1991, the figure was 36%, while the drug users rose from 7% to 39% of the
total.

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5. IFCSS Opens Chinese Community Information Center .................... 70
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Forwarded by: IFCSS HQ <ifcss@WAM.UMD.EDU>
Source: IFCSS HQ NR No. 4078, 12/7/92  via CND-US

(IFCSS= Independent Federation of Chinese Students & Scholars in the U.S.A.)

With joint effort of the IFCSS Headquarter and the IFCSS Communication
Service Committee(CSC), the IFCSS Chinese Community Information Center
(IFCSS/CCIC) is now open for public access.

Sponsored and financially supported by the IFCSS, the CCIC is dedicated to
offer information service for the Chinese community, especially the
community of the Chinese students and scholars overseas.  The CCIC will be
used for the following purposes:

1). To collect, store and distribute information which are related to China
in all aspects, provided that such information are interested by the
community members, help the community members better informed about China,
and encourage the community members to more actively join the effort to
promote the development of China.

2). To collect, store and distribute information which are directly related
to the overseas Chinese community, such as immigration, job hunting, tax and
etc.

3). Actively cooperate with other community organizations, including
professional associations, to achieve better information flow and
information sharing in this community.  For example, by introducing the
other community organizations to the users, the CCIC will help promoting the
involvement of the Chinese students and scholars in various community
activities, including social activities.

4). To promote computer literacy, especially Chinese computing and
networking literacy.  The CCIC will offer significant resources and will
cooperate with computer professionals in the community, to help the
community members to improve their knowledge and skills in basic computing,
network computing and Chinese computing areas.

Currently the CCIC is offering the following services:

1). Anonymous FTP. (Site address: ifcss.org)

The CCIC will offer an anonymous FTP site for public access.  The ftp site
will carry complete set of IFCSS News Release, IFCSS Newsletter; complete
set of CND-CM (Hua Xia Wen Zhai); many kinds of Chinese software for various
operation systems; introductions of various Chinese organizations in this
community; information about immigration, job hunting, tax and etc; The site
also has introductions to various Chinese organizations in the US as well as
introductions to computer network based discussion groups on China related
topics.

The CCIC also welcome other community organizations to use this ftp site to
distribute their information with the approval of the IFCSS Communication
Service Committee, provided that the information satisfy the guidelines
listed above.

2). Mailing lists and Listserv

The CCIC will offer mailing lists and listserv services for the IFCSS
branches, IFCSS member schools and other Chinese community organizations to
establish, improve and inter-connecting the e-mail communication network.
The CCIC will offer resource and technical help to the above organizations.

3). Bulletin Board System(BBS)

The CCIC will use Bulletin Board System to offer simple and friendly
interface to those who are not very familiar with computers so that they can
quickly learn how to use computer and network.  The BBS will also be used to
promote Chinese Computing over Network.  It is also possible that it be used
to offer friendly interface to access Usenet News for those non-Usenet
users.

The internet node address of the CCIC is IFCSS.ORG. For technical detail
about how to use ftp, listserv and bbs at CCIC, please see the next news
release, or send e-mail to ccic-info@ifcss.org.

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6. Fast-food Chains, Traditional Eateries Do Battle in China ........... 90
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Forwarded by: Wenfeng
Source: IPS 12/14/92

The cold war may be over but another battle of Western origin is just
shaping up in China -- between fast-food chains and traditional Chinese
eateries.

The likes of U.S.-based Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) have been around
China's restaurant scene for years. But when hamburger giant McDonald's
opened a branch in Beijing early this year, a food fight exploded between
China's local eateries and the fast-food chains.

To Chinese palates, Western fare tastes bland. But Western eateries'
spotless surroundings and quick, smiling personnel have been enough to keep
customers happy. Indeed, with its prime location in the heart of Beijing's
commercial district, the McDonald's branch here has become the place to be
seen.

This has wounded the pride of the Chinese over their own food fare. In a
recent televised discussion on fast-food, an interviewee said California
beef noodles -- which are ubiquitous in Beijing -- are inferior to Lanzhou
beef noodles, a specialty of the capital of northwestern Gansu province.

But, she said, Lanzhou beef noodles are now hardly to be found in Beijing.
"We have only ourselves to blame," she lamented.

Still, Chinese eateries are fighting back. Small but sleek new restaurants
have mushroomed in Beijing, their chrome-and-mirror spotlessness echoing
that found in the Western fast-food outlets.

Jingshi, a general fast-food chain, has already opened several of a planned
dozen branches here. The polish is there, including smiling service and
glossy photos of the available meals. Behind the style, though, there is
little to distinguish Jingshi from a traditional Chinese canteen-type
restaurant.

In Shanghai, however, a local chicken restaurant has been showing up the
venerable KFC.

Whenever the U.S. fried chicken king came up with a new dish, the Shanghai
Ronghua Chicken countered with one of its own. The two also competed in the
area of service, leaving one newspaper commentator "deeply impressed by this
magnificent 'chicken war.'" He proclaimed Ronghua the winner.

Then recently, KFC reinforced its position in Shanghai with two new outlets
in the city. It timed the openings for Oct. 1, China's National Day, a
promotional ploy that could scarcely not be considered as a challenge.

The battle between the chicken emporiums has now entered round two. 

But the fast-food wars are about to get more intense. None other than the
Great Hall of the People, host and caterer to all visiting dignitaries and
heads of state, is planning to step into the fray.

Great Hall management chief Su Qiucheng has announced that it aims to become
one of the most competitive fast food chains in the world. Su said Great
Hall will start with a "strong chain" in China -- which means one with
several dozen outlets in most cities.

This year, the Great Hall of the People hosted the 15th annual conference of
the Club des Chefs des Chefs, a non-official international association of
cooks for presidents, premiers and royal families.

Su called the event "a summit meeting of Western and Chinese cuisine, the
two major divisions in the world's cuisine."

The Great Hall of the People claims to have on staff China's best cooks.
Since being founded in 1959, it has drawn the most promising cooks from all
over the country.

Most return home after three or four years of training, but many of these
ex-employees are now in top positions in China's service industry. This is
the network on which Great Hall plans to build its fast-food empire.

Operations are not a formidable challenge to Great Hall staff, who run a
banquet hall that seats 5,000. And service is one of Su's priorities: "I
always tell my people that no matter who is there, our job is to bring the
tea."

The Great Hall already runs a successful Cantonese restaurant in Beijing. It
is in the process of setting up an outlet in Hong Kong, a soft drink factory
outside Beijing, a recreation center in another province and several border
trade zones, including one with Russia and another with Vietnam.

As if that weren't enough, Su has more projects on his list, all of which he
said will be off the ground in three years.

But all these restaurant racket has drowned out a government drive to push
the antithesis to fast-food: organic food, which one local newspaper has
called "the wave of the future."

Touted as "one of the best ways to connect the environment and the economy,"
the government has authorized more than 70 enterprises to produce organic
food and open shops in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and other major cities.

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7. Job Openings in Psychology, Physics, and Material Science (6 Items) . 79
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Source: CND-US 12/14/92

The University of Michigan Department of Psychology invites applications for
a tenure-track position in the area of Cognition, beginning September 1,
1993.  The appointment will most likely be made at the Assistant Professor
level, but it is possible at any rank.  We seek candidates with primary
interests and technical skills in cognitive psychology.  We have a
preference for candidates interested in higher mental processes or for
candidates with computational modeling skills (including connectionism).
Responsibilities include graduate and undergraduate teaching, as well as
research and research supervision.  Send curriculum vitae, letters of
reference, copies of recent publications, and a statement of research and
teaching interests no later than January 8, 1993 to: Gary Olson, Chair,
Cognitive Processes Search Committee, Department of Psychology, University
of Michigan, 330 Packard Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104.
(Forwarded by: <zhang@psych.lsa.umich.edu>)
                               ___  ___  ___

The Psychology Department of the University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill seeks to hire a cognitive psychologist in a tenure track assistant
professor position for the fall of 1993.  Responsibilities include graduate
and undergraduate teaching, research, and research supervision.  Applicants
in any area of cognitive psychology will be considered.  Have 3 letters of
recommendation sent and submit a curriculum vitae, up to 3 (p)reprints, and
a statement of teaching and programmatic research interests to: Thomas S.
Wallsten, Cognitive Search Committee, Department of Psychology, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270.  Applications
must be received by December 15, 1992.  UNC-CH is an Affirmative Action/
Equal Opportunity Employer.  Questions can be directed to Tom Wallsten at
tom_wallsten@unc.edu. (Forwarded by: Yaxin Wang <yxw5@po.CWRU.Edu>)
                               ___  ___  ___

The Department of Experimental Psychology at Duke University has a
tenure-track assistant professor position beginning in the Fall, 1993 in the
general area of Behavioral Neuroscience with theoretical interests in neural
plasticity, learning, motivation, or sensory perception development.
Candidates with strong research and teaching interests should send a vitae,
representative reprints, and three or more letters of recommendation to:
Faculty Search Committee, Department of Experimental Psychology, Duke
University, Durham, NC, 27706.  Duke is an equal opportunity/affirmative
action employer. (Forwarded by: Yaxin Wang <yxw5@po.CWRU.Edu>)
                               ___  ___  ___

The Department of Physics and Astronomy at Iowa State University (ISU) seeks
to fill a tenure-track assistant professorship in observational astronomy,
in August 1993.  The Department has strong groups in high energy, nuclear,
and condensed matter physics, as well as in astrophysics.  There are seven
faculty members with research in stellar, extragalactic, and gamma ray
astronomy and astrophysics. The successful candidate will be expected to
pursue a vigorous program of research and to provide effective teaching at
both undergraduate and graduate levels. Candidates should have some
postdoctoral experience.  Qualifications required: Ph.D. with research
experience in, observational/astrophysics.  Applications and three letters
of recommendation should be sent to M. Luban, Chair, Department of Physics
and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011.  Deadline: January 31,
1993, or until position is filled.
(Forwarded by: Yaxin Wang <yxw5@po.CWRU.Edu>)
                               ___  ___  ___

The Fundamental Interactions research program of the Ames Laboratory at Iowa
State University is seeking an Associate Scientist to develop new
spectroscopic methods and new instrumentation in surface, resonance,
nonlinear and time-resolved Raman spectroscopy, and report these findings
through published manuscripts and conference presentations.  Qualifications
required: Ph.D. in mathematics and physics with a speciality in optics and
spectroscopy, plus one year of experience. Experience must include normal,
resonance, surface enhanced, and nonlinear Raman spectroscopy of inorganic
and biological molecules using visible near-IR and UV radiation.  Proposed
start date: ASAP.  Salary: $31,146 - $53,149.  Application: Send cover
letter, resume, plus the names and addresses of three references to Ames
Laboratory/IPRT Personnel Office, 127 Spedding Hall, Iowa State University,
Ames, IA 50011.  Deadline: December 18, 1992, or until position is filled.
(Forwarded by: Yaxin Wang <yxw5@po.CWRU.Edu>)
                               ___  ___  ___

A post-doctoral position is available at Auburn University in Alabama.
Applicants with hands on experience on single crystal growth and a solid
background in materials science or engineering may send a short mail to
<qiang.shen@eng.auburn.edu>. These messages will be forwarded to the
employer for consideration. (Forwarded by: Wu Yanan)

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