HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: robert@sherlock.oas.uci.edu (Robert Morey)
Subject: Canadian military records--address sought
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Organization: University of California, Irvine
Date: 23 Dec 92 17:50:25 GMT
Distribution: na

     Hi,

     My grandfather served in the Canadian military from 1910 to 1920.
   I have his service number and would like to get whatever records the
   Canadians have.  Has anyone done this or have any suggestions/addresses?

     Thanks!

     Robert J. Morey

Newsgroups: soc.roots
From: stepan@natinst.com (Stepan Riha)
Newsgroups: soc.roots,soc.culture.czecho-slovak
Subject: Re: Anglisizing Czech Names, Question
Date: 31 Dec 1992 16:12:46 -0600
Organization: National Instruments, Austin, TX
NNTP-Posting-Host: falcon.natinst.com

In article <1992Dec31.110924.1@cgsvax.claremont.edu> berkovej@cgsvax.claremont.edu writes:
>I understand that there is no accepted Anglisized name for Vaclav.

The anglicized name for Vaclav is Wenceslas (as in the Good King Wenceslas)

>My Grandfather's English name was John.  I have heard that both Jan and Honza
>are anglisized to John.  Is this true?

Jan is Czech for John.  My uncle, whose name is Jan, is called Honza like
someone named Robert might be called Bob, or a Richard might be called Dick
(even if he's a nice person :-)

As in English, there are variations for many names.  For example a Josef is
often called Pepik, Antonin is called Tonda, Ladislav is called Lada, etc.

	- Stepan
-- 
   Stepan Riha -- stepan@natinst.com
From: lincoln@rand.org (Tom Lincoln)
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Subject: Re: Henkle Query
Date: 29 Dec 92 17:54:45 GMT
Organization: RAND

In article <9212281751.AA20013@enet-gw.pa.dec.com> "Mike Holland Digital Equip. Corp. Colorado Springs, Co. 28-Dec-1992 1044" <holland@CX3COM.ENET.DEC.COM> writes:
>
>What I like to find out is what country of origin is the surname HENKLE
>(sounds German to me) and if anyone else is researching the surname HENKLE.

Melvyl says... to my surprise, no German authors turned up...

19.
Author: Henkle, Herman Henry, 1900-
Title:  The Colorado collection : a bibliography of books, pamphlets &
maps in the Colorado-Henkle collection, Northern Illinois
University, DeKalb, Illinois. Dever (Court Place Antiquarian
Book Shop & Gallery, Denver) : A. and M. Culpin, 1981.
Description:    xii, 218 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.

Notes:  Cover title: A Colorado bibliography.
Label mounted on t.p.: Herman H. Henkle.
Includes indexes.

Subjects:       Henkle, Herman Henry, 1900- -- Library -- Catalogs.
Northern Illinois University -- Catalogs.
Colorado -- Bibliography -- Catalogs.

Other entries: Northern Illinois University.
Colorado bibliography.
Colorado-Henkle collection.

Call numbers:   UCB     BancroftZ1263 .H46 1981


20.
Author: Henkle, Herman Henry, 1900-
Title:  Contributions to the literature of medicine from the presses of
the XVIth and XVIIth centuries. [Berkeley] University of
California School of Librarianship, 1930.
Description:    iv, 16 leaves. facsims.

Notes:  Typewritten.
Bibliography: p. iv.

Subjects:       Medicine -- Bibliography.
Printing -- History.

Call numbers:   UCB     LibSchLib R99.5 .H4

21.
Author: Henkle, M. M. (Moses Montgomery), 1798-1864.
Title:  The life of Henry Bidleman Bascom ... by Rev. M. M. Henkle, D.D.
Louisville, Morton & Griswold, 1854.
Description:    408 p. port. 20 cm.

Subjects:       Bascom, H. B. (Henry Bidleman), 1796-1850.

Call numbers:   UCLA    URL     BX 8495 B29H3

22.
Author: Henkle, Roger B.
Title:  Comedy and culture : England 1820-1900 / Roger B. Henkle.
Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, c1980.
Description:    x, 373 p. ; 23 cm.

Notes:  Includes bibliographical references and index.

Subjects:       English literature -- 19th century -- History and
criticism.
Comic, The.
Middle classes -- England.
Literature and society -- England.

Call numbers:   UCB     Main    PR468.C65 .H4
UCD     Main LibPR468.C65 H4
UCI     Main LibPR468.C65 H4
UCLA    EngReadRm PR 468 C65H4
UCLA    URL     PR 468 C65H4

24.
Author: Henkle, W.D.
Title:  Test spelling-book: for the use of advanced classes. Cinn. :
1872

Call numbers:   NRLF    $B 257 572 Type EXP NRLF for loan details.


Tom
From: fr@compu.com (Fred Rump from home)
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Subject: Re: Johannes Petrus
Date: 23 Dec 92 18:01:51 GMT
Organization: CompuData Inc.

eggertj@moses.atc.ll.mit.edu (Jim Eggert x6127 g41) writes:
>In particular, should I write
>     Johannes Petrus
>     Johannes Peter
>  or Johann Peter

I use the name given at baptism, the Christian name as name #1. Other names 
that may crop up are aliases that we recently received from Tom as a Christmas 
present.

Fred
-- 
W. Fred Rump 	office:	   fred@COMPU.COM     'mans feet have grown/so big 
26 Warren St.   home: fred@icdi10.compu.com  that he/forgets his littleness'
Beverly, NJ. 08010                          		Don Marquis 
609-386-6846    bang:uunet!cdin-1!icdi10!fr   
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
From: jungschj@ucbeh.san.uc.edu
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Subject: Mod. Woodmen of America
Date: 28 Dec 92 17:12:39 EST
Distribution: world
Organization: Univ. of Cincinnati

In the 1910's/20's Monessen, PA had "Modern Woodmen of America, Finland
Camp".  Has anybody come across this particular subgroup of the Modern Wood-
men?

Helmut
Newsgroups: soc.roots
From: beaurega@ireq.hydro.qc.ca (Denis Beauregard)
Subject: Re: Halifax, Nova Scotia--job "lab", illegitimate children baptisms
Organization: Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Quebec, Varennes, Canada
Date: Wed, 23 Dec 1992 18:39:17 GMT

In article <2B38A809.8981@news.service.uci.edu> robert@sherlock.oas.uci.edu (Robert Morey) writes:
>      Hi,
>
>      Question #2 of the day: the Halifax City Directory (Nova Scotia,
>   Canada) lists my grandfather's job/occupation as "lab"--does anyone
>   know what this means?

laborer/labourer (i.e. dayworker)

>      Also, apparently there was an illegitimate child to my great
>   grandfather (no, I don't think this runs in the family!  B-).  There
>   is a baptism record for the child but I thought that illegitimate
>   children were not baptized by the Roman Catholic church.  Am I
>   incorrect?

You are and you aren't.  This depends widely on the priest.  In some
records, you would read xxxx, illegitimate child of yyyy, while in others
you will read xxxx, born of unknown parents.  The wording will vary.
In other words, for the exact same situation, you will read two
different records.  In one case, I saw ... of unknown parents ... and someone
(likely the priest) wrote around it ... I know who they are ...
In another case, the record said ... legitimate child ... and the
legitimate was overwritten by an illegitimate.  Final note: I wrote child,
but it is either son/daughter.

>
>     Thanks again,
>
>     Robert J. Morey


-- 
  \_\    Denis Beauregard  *  internet:beaurega@ireq.hydro.qc.ca
 /   \   Ge'ne'alogiste des familles : Beauregard/Jarret/Jarest/Vincent
J   __>  Un Que'bec renouvele' dans une Ame'rique renove'e
\_.-===  Ope'rateur de "Racines du Que'bec" (514) 922-9636 BBS/Genealogie
Newsgroups: soc.roots
From: kirkpatr@alc.serum.kodak.com (Dan Kirkpatrick (x37370))
Subject: WANTED: PAF or other software
Organization: Clinical Products Division, Eastman Kodak Company
Date: Mon, 28 Dec 1992 20:48:43 GMT


I'm looking for genealogy software for my IBM compatible...

Could someone point me in the direction of some GOOD shareware
or where I could get PAF?  I'm willing to exchange software for
PAF (legally).

Please let me know...




please... SEND to kirkpatr@clpd.kodak.com   or  call (716) 224-0732 after 5pm
(REPLY does NOT WORK unless you are within the Kodak network)

______________________________________________________________________________
       
 ///// |     -=-DAN KIRKPATRICK-=-        | *** kirkpatr@clpd.KODAK.COM ***  |
|  @ @ | "We conserve only what we love.  |     kirkpa89@snypotva.bitnet     |
c   _) | We love only what we understand. | LOCKOVM1.449486@KodakO.Kodak.Com | 
 \  o  |We understand only what we learn!"| ***  Phone: (716) 253-7550  ***  |
______________________________________________________________________________

          (If mail bounces, make sure it's sent to address marked above)
Newsgroups: soc.roots
X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.3 PL11]
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Mon, 21 Dec 1992 19:32:18 CST
Reply-To:     Bill Green <green@plains.nodak.edu>
From:         Brad Green <green@PLAINS.NODAK.EDU>
Subject:      Re: Fraternal Org. Help
Comments: To: wendysue@HOLONET.NET
Comments: cc: ROOTS-L@VM1.NoDak.Edu
              at Dec 21, 92 8:57 am

I ran into the same problem with a ggggrandfather.  These letters
inscribed in three links of a chain are symbols of the Fraternal Order
Of "IOOF", Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and stand for Frinendship,
Love, and Truth.

--
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   Bill Green   Minot, North Dakota   |      Home of the H0STFEST     |
|        green@plains.nodak.edu        |Forget the "Brad", it's really |
|     ak385@cleveland.freenet.edu      |             BILL              |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
| RESEARCHING:  Stanley  IA/KS  1871-       Cook  IA/KS  1850-         |
|               Brown  MA/KS  1579-         Mason NY/IA  1800-         |
|               Lamb   NC/KS  1851-         Maxwell  NY  1800-         |
|               Wilson IN/IL  1871-         Hediger -  Swiss           |
| Anhorn - Kotchian - Kohoutek - Havlena - Marschall (E. Europe)       |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Newsgroups: soc.roots
From: fr@compu.com (Fred Rump from home)
Subject: frustration
Organization: CompuData Inc.
Date: Sat, 26 Dec 1992 02:29:40 GMT
Summary: it should not have to be this way

[long private note deleted]

.I guess I'm depressed because I'm trying to provide a service to the
.archival community which is beyond the capacity for most traditionally
.trained librarians to understand in detail or to implement, and am getting
.the SEVERE brush-off.  It really looks like the historical societies are
.the way to go...
.- Bob Wier

My heart always aches when I see dedicated people who wish to help get a huge
door slammed in their face.  Several people have recommended that we
individually get involved and help and educate those who control the system.

What may not be realized by those on the inside, is how difficult that process
can be. Outsiders are always a threat. It does not matter that one would offer
to teach a class without having the 'official' credentials of the union
dominated system or if one offers help to the local library. Suspicions as to
ulterior motives immediately throw a wall between the inside and outside. The
insiders are the experts as we have seen here in posts from a handful of
protectors of the goods.  How could anybody possibly help those who already
know everything?

In the spirit of Christmas I would urge everybody who reads this group to
reflect on occasion as to the real value of help from those around us.  Some
people really do wish to simply add their knowledge to the pool so that a
better something may become available for all.  We know this is true because
we see it here.

Most people value their knowledge and wish to share it. Let us always be 
thankful for such offers and see if something good can not come out of it
before we reject it out of hand.  Let us try to trust each other just a little
more.

fred


People who are active on this net and especially in this group are probably of
the best kind as they are already helping as best they can.


-- 
W. Fred Rump 	office:	   fred@COMPU.COM     'mans feet have grown/so big 
26 Warren St.   home: fred@icdi10.compu.com  that he/forgets his littleness'
Beverly, NJ. 08010                          		Don Marquis 
609-386-6846    bang:uunet!cdin-1!icdi10!fr   
Newsgroups: soc.roots
From: lawson@acuson.com (Drew Lawson)
Subject: Re: Library bashing??
Reply-To: lawson@aldia.UUCP (Drew Lawson)
Organization: ACUSON, Mountain View, CA
Date: Wed, 23 Dec 1992 21:17:05 GMT

In article <1992Dec22.213853.11280@compu.com> fr@compu.com (Fred Rump from home) writes:
>fdavison@SFSUVAX1.SFSU.EDU (Frieda Davison) writes:

>>I used to work for Columbia University and because it is SO
>>OLD and computers are so relatively young, we estimated that in 1989 we had
>>only about 20% of our materials accessible (findable, not readable) online.
>>It costs an average of $2 to $10 just to get one item accessible online.
>
>Why? Why does it take an average of $6 to enter a book into a computer? Is it 
>because they had huge IBM computers to feed instead of a cheap UNIX box of
>some sort? Let us always remember that it is not cost that hinders us from 
>doing things but rather it is the failure of finding a better way.

Computers are cheap.  People (even students) often are not.  Someone
has to enter that information.  About 7 years ago, I was at BYU.  The
library had a computerized circulation system that had been in for
several years.  The books were entered as they were used (presumably
new acquisitions were entered as they were bought).  If a book to be
checked out didn't have a bar-code on it, one was added and the
information entered.

This didn't take much overhead, as they didn't need extra people.  If
they chose to enter all of the holdings, they would have needed many
people to comb the shelves.

The library was large enough that it was generally accepted that any
book that was misshelved could be considered lost, as no one could
possibly comb the shelves to check for misshelves.



>>At Columbia we even had "hand
>>written" catalog cards in the public card catalog -- produced way before
>>the typewriter even.  Again, there are very few funding avenues for bringing
>>this type of information online.
>
>Perhaps a better managed organization would have said: 'Hey, since we can't 
>use this information let's give it to a library who can'. But instead they 
>chose to sit on it till kingdom come.  My point about having lost focus
>indeed.

You lost me there, Fred.  "We can't computerize the catalog, so let's
get rid of it."  How do you find books then?

-- 
Drew Lawson                      If you're not part of the solution,
lawson@acuson.com                you're part of the precipitate
Apparently-To: roots-l@vm1.nodak.edu
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Mon, 21 Dec 1992 05:04:26 PST
Reply-To:     21-Dec-1992 0805 <lane@ELWOOD.ENET.DEC.COM>
From:         21-Dec-1992 0805 <lane@ELWOOD.ENET.DEC.COM>
Subject:      Contact request
Comments: To: roots-l@vm1.nodak.edu

Greetings,

If you know of a fellow genealogist who has a lot of research material
and refuses, for whatever reason, to put it all on a computer, please
send me a note.

Thanks,
Mickey lane@elwood.enet.dec.com
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Mon, 28 Dec 1992 09:41:00 EST
Reply-To:     STEINER@MUPPET.DNET.GE.COM
From:         STEINER@MUPPET.DNET.GE.COM
Subject:      Re: Libraries
Comments: To: ROOTS-L@vm1.nodak.edu

In regards to MELVYL, am I to understand that if you cannot TELNET,
or do not live in the state of California, MELVYL is worthless as a
resource?

Every MELVYL reference here on ROOTS-L seems like a taunt:  I have
access to these resources and you don't!"  It's frustrating.
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
From: Michael.Kirst@f36.n3633.z1.fidonet.org (Michael Kirst)
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Subject: Backus/Backhaus
Date: Thu, 24 Dec 92 15:04:38 PDT
Organization: FidoNet node 1:3633/36 - The Noble House BBS, Kissimmee FL

Directed to Tom Lincoln:

   Would it be possible for you to check Melvyl for listings on Backus and/or Backhaus?  Thank you very much for your time and assistance.

Michael Kirst
f/k/a Christopher Lee Backus
Sysop of The Noble House BBS


--  
        Michael Kirst  -  via FidoNet Node: 1:363/42
             UUCP:  -  ...tarpit!tous!business!3633!36!Michael.Kirst
             ARPA:  -  Michael.Kirst@f36.n3633.z1.fidonet.org
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Thu, 31 Dec 1992 09:16:28 CST
Reply-To:     MELSIK@VM1.TUCC.TRINITY.EDU
From:         MELSIK@VM1.TUCC.TRINITY.EDU
Subject:      HIBLER/STEITZ(STITES) FAMILY
Comments: To: ROOTS-L@VM1.NODAK.EDU

I would like to contact anyon researching the Hibler
family.  I have been researching the Hibler name for several
years, although not very actively the past few years due to
a very active child.  My research has centered on NJ,MD,KY,
and especially Mo.

I am most interested if anyone has information about a Rebecca
Steitz(Stites) who married a Samuel Hibler.  Samuel was born
around 1757 in NJ or NY.  He was the son of William and
Ann ? Hibler and was baptized in St. Thomas Episcopal Church

in Hunterdon Co., NJ in 1769.  Samuel and Rebecca were in the
St. Louis area by 1799-1804.  There were other Steitz families
in Missouri, but I have never been able to connect Rebecca to
any of them or to Steitz in NJ.  Any help would be greatly
appreciated.  It has been difficult finding others researching
this name since it is rather uncommon.  I would be willing to
share any information I have with others.

Thanks
Meredith W. Elsik



260 Retama
San Antonio, Texas 78209
Internet: Melsik@Trinity.edu
Bitnet: Melsik@Trinity.Bitnet

Researching:  Hibler Ammerman Fitzgerald Wiseman Phelps Kissinger
              Finch
Newsgroups: soc.roots
From: beaurega@ireq.hydro.qc.ca (Denis Beauregard)
Subject: Re: Elements of the perfect genealogical software
Organization: Institut de recherche d'Hydro-Quebec, Varennes, Canada
Date: Wed, 30 Dec 1992 14:28:04 GMT

In article <30DEC199203384119@elroy.uh.edu> lib1p@elroy.uh.edu (Tammy Stark Blandino) writes:
>I have often thought about what the perfect genealogical software would
>be able to do.  I would like to throw this out there for any of you
>programmers of genealogical software to consider.
>
>The perfect genealogical software would have two databases.  One, naturally,
>would be a collection of records for individuals.  These records would be
>linked together to form relationships.  This is the essence of all 
>genealogical software. 
>
>Now the second database would be a collection of records for sources.  Each
>bit of data recorded in an individuals record could be linked to a record(s)
>in the sources database.  
>
>For example:  I have John Smith who is born January 1, 1850 in the individuals
>database.  The date of birth could be linked to records 123, 456, and 789
>in the sources database.  By some means provided by the software, I could
>call up records 123 (bible record), 456 (father's will), and 789 (letter dated
>January 1850 between John Smith Sr and his mother).  These same records may
>be sources for other information in other individual's records.
>
>Is there a software that does this already?
>
>If not what is the possibility of writing such a software? or a shareware file
>to work with an existing software?
>
>
>
>Tammy Stark Blandino
>
>

I think GEDCOM per se is supporting what you describe.  Since my idea of
a genealogical software is to write it as a preview for my next system
(a software data base, i.e. a text database that help in writing programs),
I will likely make a general purpose system, thus supporting the complete
GEDCOM specs (and more, indeed) which include both individu/family records
and source records (reel number, LC number, etc.).

-- 
  \_\    Denis Beauregard  *  internet:beaurega@ireq.hydro.qc.ca
 /   \   Ge'ne'alogiste des familles : Beauregard/Jarret/Jarest/Vincent
J   __>  Un Que'bec renouvele' dans une Ame'rique renove'e
\_.-===  Ope'rateur de "Racines du Que'bec" (514) 922-9636 BBS/Genealogie
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.3 PL11]
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Wed, 30 Dec 1992 22:57:00 CST
Reply-To:     Bill Green <green@plains.nodak.edu>
From:         Brad Green <green@PLAINS.NODAK.EDU>
Subject:      Re: 1920 cenus question
Comments: To: imer400@INDYVAX.IUPUI.EDU
Comments: cc: ROOTS-L@VM1.NoDak.Edu
              "imer400@INDYVAX.IUPUI.EDU" at Dec 30, 92 10:36 pm

> What are the column headings for the 1920 census?

From left to right:
     1-4 Place of Abode (street, house number, number of dwelling in order
         of visitation, number of family in order of visitation)
       5 Name of each person whose place of abode on Jan. 1, 1920 was in
         this family.
       6 Relationship
     7-8 Tenure (Home owned or rented, if owned free or mortgaged)
    9-12 Personal Description (sex, color or race, age, single-married-widowed-
         divorced)
   13-15 Citizenship (year of immigration, naturalized or alien, year of
         naturalization)
   16-18 Education (attended school anytime since Sept 1 1919, whether able to
         read, whether able to write)
   19-20 Person (place of birth, mother tongue)
   21-22 Father (place of birth, mother tongue)
   23-24 Mother (place of birth, mother tongue)
      25 Whether able to speak English
   26-27 Occupation (Trade or profession, industry or establishment where done)
      28 Employer
      29 Number of farm schedule

Hope this helps.

--
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   Bill Green   Minot, North Dakota   |      Home of the H0STFEST     |
|        green@plains.nodak.edu        |Forget the "Brad", it's really |
|     ak385@cleveland.freenet.edu      |             BILL              |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
| RESEARCHING:  Stanley  IA/KS  1871-       Cook  IA/KS  1850-         |
|               Brown  MA/KS  1579-         Mason NY/IA  1800-         |
|               Lamb   NC/KS  1851-         Maxwell  NY  1800-         |
|               Wilson IN/IL  1871-         Hediger -  Swiss           |
| Anhorn - Kotchian - Kohoutek - Havlena - Marschall (E. Europe)       |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=us-ascii
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Wed, 30 Dec 1992 16:57:19 -0800
Reply-To:     Richard Casault <casault@U.WASHINGTON.EDU>
Comments:     Warning -- original Sender: tag was
              casault@CARSON.U.WASHINGTON.EDU
From:         Richard Casault <casault@U.WASHINGTON.EDU>
Subject:      HOW & WHERE TO ARCHIVE GEN. DOCUMENTS
Comments: To: ROOTS-L <roots-l@vm1.nodak.edu>

How do genealogists archive the documents they collect to support their
genealogies?  When a genealogist dies (that's the only way they quit
gathering materials) ;-) their work may or may not have been published.
But the files full of documents and notes have great value to future
genealogists.  What happens to those materials?

We've all heard tales of some earlier genealogist who supposedly
collected "boxes full" of genealogically valuable material, only to have
it all disappear after their death.

I ask for two reasons.  First, I have the published genealogy of the
Casault family in Quebec, but haven't been able to find the authors'
supporting documentation.  Second, I am beginning to gather materials that
I want to ensure are preserved for some future genealogist.

Storage space is expensive.  Most libraries probably can't afford to
archive boxes full of genealogical materials.  Family members are
unreliable in most cases.  Are there other organizations, like historical
or genealogical societies, who will provide safekeeping?   Would some
agency be willing to store the material if it is reduced to microform?

HAVE A SAFE & HAPPY NEW YEAR!

=======================================================================
||  Rick Casault         || ABERNATHY  (Id, Mt), AUBE'  (Que'bec, Mi)||
||  2705 22nd Avenue S.  || CASAULT  (Normandy FR, Que'bec CA, Mi)   ||
||  Seattle WA 98144,    || GUINDON  (Mi), HARRIS  (Mi),  HOGAN (Mi) ||
||  USA                  || KING  (Mt),  MUIR  (Me, Id, Mt)          ||
||                       ==============================================
||  internet: casault@u.washington.edu                        __o    ||
||  voice:  206-543-7370,     fax:  206-543-3959             -\<,    ||
||  Engineering & Construction, University of Washington   (+)/ (+)  ||
=======================================================================
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU