Newsgroups: bit.listserv.c18-l
Date:         Sun, 27 Sep 1992 21:57:39 EDT
From:         BCJ@PSUVM.BITNET
Subject:      The C18-L Kalendar: 28 September - 4 October (so celebrate!)

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*                                                                   *
*             THE KALENDAR - REASONS TO CELEBRATE                   *
*                                                                   *
*             Compiled for C18-L by Kevin Berland                   *
*                       BCJ@PSUVM.BITNET                            *
*                       BCJ@psuvm.psu.edu                           *
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                          SEPTEMBER 28

     BIRTHDAYS:  Confucius, Chinese philosopher;  Caravaggio, Italian
painter (1573-1610);  Sir William Jones, English scholar of oriental
languages & culture (1746);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Prosper Merimee, French
writer, translator, senator (1803-70);  Frances Willard, U.S. social
reformer, 1st oresident of World Women's Temperance Movement
(1839-98);  Georges Clemenceau, le Tigre, French statesman, premier
(1841-1929);  Henri Moissan, French chemist, inventor (1852-1907);
Kate Douglas Wiggin, U.S. educator, founder of 1st free kindergartren
in U.S., author of best-selling children's book Rebecca of Sunnybrook
Farm (1856-1923);  Avery Brundage, U.S. sportsman, Olympics official
(1887-1975);  Herman Cyril McNeile, better known as Sapper, British
novelist, author of the Bulldog Drummond books (1888-1937);  Elmer
Rice, U.S. playwright (1892-1967);  Marshall Field III, U.S. publisher &
philantropist (1893-1956);  Wallace Kirkman Harrison, U.S. architect,
designer of Rockefeller Center, UN Headquarters, Metropolitan
Opera House in Lincoln Center (1895-1981);  Ed Sullivam, U.S.
journalist, TV variety host (1902-74);  Max Schmeling, German boxer
(1905);  Al Capp, U.S. cartoonist, deviser of Li'l' Abner, set in Dogpatch
(1909-79);  Stephen Spender, English poet (1909);  Ethel Rosenberg,
convicted of espionage and executed (1915-53);  Michael Somes,
British ballet dancer, director (1917);  Marcello Mastroianni, Italian actor
(1924);  Brigitte Bardot, French actress (1934)

     DEATHS:  Jean Baptiste Massillon (1742);  Thomas Day (1789);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1810, Madame de Stael wrote to
Napoleon protesting the suppression of her book D'Allemagne;

     MISCELLANEA:  Taiwan celebrates the Birthday of Confucius today.
It is also the Feast of St. Wenceslas of Bohemia, patron of
Czechoslovakia.  On this day in 1958, the Fifth Republic was
established in France;

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                SEPTEMBER 29 -- Michaelmas Day

     BIRTHDAYS:  Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Spanish novelist, poet,
dramatist, author of Don Quixote (1547-1616);  Antoine Coysevox,
French sculptor, creator of Versailles sculptural decorations, portrait
busts of Lousi XIV, Richelieu, Mazarin, Cone, &c. (1640-1720);
Francois Boucher, French historical & pastoral painter, tapestry &
porcelain designer, favorite of Mme. Pompadour (1703-70);  Robert
Clive, Baron Clive of Plassey, English soldier, colonial administrator,
corrupt governor of India, committed suicide after return in disgrace to
England (1725-74);  Viscount Horatio Nelson, British naval hero (1758-
1805);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Henry Hobson Richardson,
U.S. neo-Romanesque architect, designer of Boston's Trinity Church
& Harvard Law School (1838-86);  Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell, English
novelist (1865);  Gerardo Machado y Morales, Cuban patriot, president
(1871-1939);  Emma Wold, U.S. lawyer, reformer, women's rights activist
(1871-1950);  Herbert Sebastian Agar, U.S. journalist (1897-1980);
Enrico Fermi, Italian-born physicist (1901-54);  Orvon Gene Autry, U.S.
singing cowboy actor, businessman (1907);  Virginia Bruce, U.S. film
actress of the 30s (1910);  Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian film-maker
(1912);  Stanley Kramer, U.S. film director (1913);  Trevor Howard,
British actor (1916);  Samora Machel, Mozambique statesman, president
(1933);  Jerry Lee Lewis, U.S. rockabilly & later country singer, pianist
(1935);  Lech Walesa, Polish labor leader, founder of Solidarity (1943);
Sebastian Coe, English long-distance runner (1956)

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1613, the New River's entrance into
London (a great feat of civil engineering) under the direction of Sir
Hugh Myddelton was marked by pageants; in 1829 Robert Peel
reorganized the London police force, henceforth known as Bobbies
(and sometimes Peelers).

     MISCELLANEA:  In Brunei they're celebrating Constitution Day
(1959);  Paraguay celebrates Battle of Boqueron Day.  Today is the
Feast of St. Michael and All Angels, one of the 4 English quarter-days
on which rents are paid.  On this day in 1902, Scottish poet William
McGonagall, author of "the worst poetry ever written, in any language,
at any time," died in Edinburgh.;  71 years later to the day, in 1973, W.H.
Auden died in Vienna.

*************************************************************************
                        SEPTEMBER 30

     BIRTHDAYS:  Etienne Bonnot de Condillac, French philosopher of
sensationalism (1714-80);  Jacques Necker, Swiss-born French
financier, statesman, father of Madame de Stael (1732-1804);  William
Hutton, English local historian (1723-1815);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Fitzroy James Henry
Somerset Raglan, 1st Baron Raglan, British military leader -- the
"raglan" sleeve was named after the potato sacks his men had to wear
during the Crimean war (1788-1855);  William Wrigley, Jr., U.S.
manufacturer of chewing gum, whose white & gold headquarters
building stands across the street from the Chicago Tribune towers, and
which my Uncle Will used to say had to come down because "It's
gumming up the river" -- he thought it was the funniest joke he'd ever
heard (1861-1932);  Jean Baptiste Perrin, French physicist (1870-1942);
Johannes (or Hans) Wilhelm Geiger, German physicist, inventor of the
eponymous machine for counting radioactivity (1882-1945);  Sir Nevill
Francis Mott, British solid state circuitry physicist (1905);  Lester
Maddox, U.S. segregationist politician, governor of Georgia (1915);
Park Chung Hee, South Korean statesman, president (1917-79);
Truman Capote, U.S. novelist (1924-84);  Johnny Mathis, U.S. singer
(1935);

     DEATHS:  Sir Fulke Greville, Lord Brooke (1628);  John Reinhold
Patkul (1707);  John Dolland (1761);  George Whitefield (1770);  Bishop
Thomas Percy (1811);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:

     MISCELLANEA:  Today is Botswana Day, celebrating the1966
independence of the former Bechuanaland; it's also Nationalization
Day in Sao Tome & Principe.  Today is the Feast of St. Jerome, patron
of students.  On this day in 1935 George Gershwin's Porgy and Bess
premiered in Boston; in 1962 black student James Meredith was
escorted by U.S. marshals onto the formerly whites-only campus of the
University of Mississippi

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                          OCTOBER 1

     BIRTHDAYS:  Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (1685-1740);
John Peter Gabriel Muhlenberg, clergyman, American
Revolutionary general, congressman (1749-1807);  Paul I, Emperor
of Russia, successor to Catherine the Great (1754-1801);  James
Lawrence, U.S. naval captain, reputedly uttered the cry "Don't
give up the ship" (1781-1813);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Rufus Choate, U.S.
lawyer, statesman (1799-1859);  Annie Besant, British theosophist,
social reformer, Indian political leader, organizer of the Home
Rule League, in 1917 president of Indian National Congress (1847-
1933);  Louis Untermyer, U.S. poet & editor (1885-1977);  Faith
Cuthrell Baldwin, U.S. romantic novelist (1893-1978);  Vladimir
Horowitz, Russian-born U.S. pianist (1904);  Otto Robert Frisch,
Austrian-born British nuclear physicist (1904);  Bonnie Parker, U.S.
outlaw, bank robber with partner Clyde Barrow (1910-34)l  Daniel
Boorstin, U.S. historian, librarian, museum director, Librarian of
Congress (1914);  Walter Matthau, U.S. actor (1920);  James
Whitmore (U.S. actor);  James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, U.S. politician,
39th president, post-presidential housebuilder for the poor with
Habitat for Humanity (1924);  William Rehnquist, U.S. jurist (1924);
Larushka Mischa Skikne, better known as Laurence Harvey,
Lithuanian-born British actor (1928);  Richard St. John Harris,
British actor (1930);  Julia Elizabeth Wells, better known as Julie
Andrews, English singer & actress (1935);  Edward Villela, U.S.
ballet dancer (1936);

     DEATHS:  Pierre Corneille (1684);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:

     MISCELLANEA:  Today is National Day in the People's Republic
of China;  Korea observes Armed Forces Day;  in Nigeria it's the
National Holiday;  in San Marino it's Captain Regent's Day.  Today
is the Feast of St. Bavo, patron of Ghent & Haarlem, and of St.
Teresa of Lisieux, patron of foreign missionaries.  On this day in
1908 the first Ford Model T was brought on the market for $850; in
1961 Roger Maris broke Babe Ruth's record by hitting his 61st
season home run.

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                           OCTOBER 2

BIRTHDAYS:  Richard III, King of England (1452-85); the
Chevalier Charles-Genevieve-Louis-Auguste-Andre-Timothe
D'Eon de Beaumont, celebrated Burgundian diplomat, adventurer
and transvestite -- he studied at the College Mazarin, graduated
doctor of civil law, doctor of canon law, & avocat in Paris tribunals,
wrote books, served twice as an envoy to Russia (once in female
attire), as a soldier in the 7 Years War, in 1761 secretary to the Duc
de Nivernois and envoy to England, introduced the savans
Lalande, La Condamine, & Camus to George III, fell out of favor,
remained in England, and in 1777, as the result of a very large
wager, an action was brought at London's King Bench to
determine the sex of the Count, after which [s]he assumed the title
Madame D'Eon until at his death it was again announced that he
was indeed a man (1728-1810);  Joseph Ritson, English antiquary,
critic of Warton & Percy, collector of songs, at first a Jacobite and
at the end a Jacobin (1752);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Alexis Petit, French
physicist;  Nat Turner, African-American slave, rebel (1800-31);
Charles Pratt, U.S. oil magnate, philanthropist (1830-91);  Paul von
Hindenburg, German statesman, solidier, president (1847-1934);
Ferdinand Foch, French army marshal, supreme commander of
allied armies (1851-1929);  Sir William Ramsay, Scottish chemist,
discovered helium, xenon, & krypton (1852-1916);  Mohandas
Karamchand "Mahatma" Gandhi, Indian nationalist, philosopher,
wit (when asked what he thought of Western Civilization, her
replied, "I think it would be a good idea."), developer of
satyagraha -- nonviolent political action (1869-1948);  Cordell Hull,
U.S. statesman, diplomat, developer of "Good-Neighbor Policy,"
1945 Nobel Peace Prize (1871-1955);  Carl Trumbull Hayden, U.S.
politician, long-term (57 years) congressman (1877-1972);  Wallace
Stevens, U.S. poet, insurance businessman, blackbird observer
(1879-1955);  Ruth Bryan Rohde, U.S. politician, congresswoman,
1st U.S. woman diplomat, Minister to Denmark (1885-1954);  Julius
"Groucho" Marx, comedian, wit ("Anyone who says he can see
through women is missing a lot."), philosopher ("It isn't necessary
to have relatives in Kansas City to be unhappy."), cynic ("There is
no sweeter sound than the crumbling of one's fellow man."), master
of the loping walk, the off-center leer, and unparalelled eyebrow
work (1890-1977);  William "Bud" Abbot, U.S. comedian, partner to
Lou Costello (1895-1974);  Ignatius Roy Dunnachie Campbell,
South African poet (1901-57);  Graham Greene, English novelist,
playwright, short-story writer (1904-91);  Willy Ley, German-born
U.S. scientist, aeronautical engineer (1906-69);  Alexander
Robertus Todd, Baron Todd of Trumpington, Scottish biochemist
(1907);  Christian Rene de Duve, Belgian physiologist (1917);
Robert Runcie, English clergyman, since 1980 Archbishop of
Canterbury (1921); James "Jan" Morris, Welsh novelist (1926);
David W. McCullough, U.S. writer & critic (1937);

     DEATHS:  Admiral Augustus Keppel (1786);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1700, Charles II of Spain
executed his last will & testament, conveying Spain to Philip, Dike
of Anjou, 2nd son of the Dauphin & grandson of Louis XIV, giving
rise to the War of the Spanish Succession; in 1771, Henry
Frederick, Duke of Cumberland, maried the Hon. Mrs. Horton,
whom Horace Walpole described as a pretty young widow of 24
with amazingly long eyelashes veiling artful & coquettish eyes;  in
1780 Major John Andre, the agent through whom Benedict Arnold
bargained for the surrender of Westpoint,  was hanged by
Washington as a spy;

     MISCELLANEA:  Today is (again) National Day in the People's
Republic of China;  Guinea celebrates the Anniversary of
Guinean Independence (1958);  India celebrates the birthday of
Mahatma Gandhi.

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                             OCTOBER 3

     BIRTHDAYS:  Sir Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English
poet, Elizabethan statesman, chancellor (1554-1628);  Richard
Boyle, Earl of Cork, English natural philosopher (1566);  Giovannit
Baptista Beccaria, Italian natural philosopher (1716);

      LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Ithiel Town, U.S.
architect, designer of custom houses & state capitol buildings,
bibliophile (1784-1844);  George Bancroft, U.S. historian, diplomat
(1800-91);  George Ripley, U.S. journalist, social reformer, founder
of the transcendentalist journal The Dial, founder of Harper's
Monthly Magazine, among the organizers of utopian community
Brook Farm (1802-80);  Alexei Vasileivich Koltsov, Russian poet
(1809-49);  Sir Patrick Manson, British physician, 1st to spot role of
mosquito in transmitting malaria, Father of Tropical Medicine (1844-
1922);  William Crawford Gorgas, U.S. military physician (1854-
1920);  Percy Faraday Frankland, British chemist (1858-1946);
Eleonora Duse, Italian & international actress, best known for
Marguerite in La Dame aux Camelias (1859-1924);  Carl von
Ossietzky, German journalist, 1935 Nobel Peace Prize (1888-1938);
Gertrude Edelstein, aka Gertrude Berg, U.S. writer & comedian
(1889-1966);  Sergeii Aleksandrovich Esenin, Russian imagist poet,
revolutionary, married to Isadora Duncan (1985-1925);  Louis
Aragon, French poet, novelist, critic, Dadaist, Surrealist (1897)  Leo
McCarey, U.S. film director -- Duck Soup, Going My Way (1898-
1969);  Thomas Wolfe, U.S. novelist (1900-38);  Johnny Burke, U.S.
songeriter -- Pennies from Heaven, Moonlight Becomes You, &c.
(1908-64);  Gore Vidal, U.S. novelist, playwright, critic (1925);
Belton Evers, aka Erik Bruhn, Danish ballet dancer, artistic
director of National Ballet of Canada (1928);  Kare Isaachsen
Willock, Norwegian statesman, PM (1928);  Ernest Evans, better
known as Chubby Checker, U.S. rock-'n'-roll singer, twister,
limboist (1941);

     DEATHS:  Robert Barclay (1690);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1691, the Irish resistance to the
regime of William III ended with the Treaty of Limerick, after
which the majority of the 10,000 Irish soldiers crossed the water to
France, forming the Irish Brigade;  in 1777, British troops defeated
Washington's army at Germantown.

     MISCELLANEA:  Honduras celebrates Francisco Morazan's
birthday;  Korea celebrates its National Foundation in 2333 BCE.

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                          OCTOBER 4

     BIRTHDAYS:  King Louis "the Headstrong" X of France (1289-
1316);  King Charles IX of Sweden (1550-1611);  Richard Cromwell,
English puritan, protector, eldest son of Oliver (1626);  Edmond
Malone, Irish biographer of Dryden, editor of Swift, indefatigable
man of letters (1741);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Francois Pierre Guillame
Guizot, French historian, statesman, premier (1787-1874);  Jeremias
Gotthelf, aka Albrecht Bitzius, Swiss novelist & short-story writer
(1797-1854);  Francesco Crispi, Sicilian revolutionary, politician,
premier (1819-1901);  Rutherford Birchard Hayes, U.S. politician,
19th president (1822-93);  Frederic Remington, U.S. painter,
illustrator, sculptor, prolific portrayer of life in the West (1861-
1909);  Edward L. Stratemeyer, better known by his pseudonym
Arthur M. Winfield, author of the Rover Boys books, and by his
other pseudonym, Ralph Bonehill of the Boy Hunter series (1862);
Alfred Damon Runyon, U.S. short-story writer, journalist (1884-46);
Henri Guadier-Brzeska, French vorticist sculptor (1891-1915);
Engelbert Dollfuss, Austrian statesman, dictator (1892-1934);
Joseph Francis "Buster" Keaton, U.S. deadpan silent film comedian
(1895-66);  Charlton Heston, U.S. actor;

     DEATHS:  John, Duke of Argyll (1743);  Henry Carey (1743);
Samuel Horsley, Bishop of St. Asaphs (1806);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: in 1535 the 1st complete translation
of the Bible was printed in Zurich;  in 1582 Pope Gregory XIII
introduced the Gregorian calendar, abolishing the Julian calendar
and restoring the vernal equinox to March 21.

     MISCELLANEA:  Today is Independence Day in Lesotho
(Basutoland).  It is the Feast of St. Francis of Assisi.  On this day in
1877 Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce Indians surrendered, saying
"I will fight no more forever"; in 1931 the detective comic strip
Dick Tracy, by Chester Gould, appeared in U.S. newspapers; in
1957 the Soviet Union launched the 1st artificial satellite, Sputnik 1;
in 1970 the report of the U.S. Commission on Campus Unrest
declared the National Guard shooting of students was
"unwarranted."
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU