HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: sachz@montebello.ecom.unimelb.EDU.AU (SAS)
Subject: Macedonia: Reality versus History.
Followup-To:  soc.culture.yugoslavia,soc.culture.europe
Originator: sachz@montebello.ecom.unimelb.EDU.AU
Organization: Dept. Engineering Computer Resources, Melbourne Uni.
Date: Fri, 18 Dec 1992 14:13:47 GMT

MACEDONIA: REALITY VERSUS HISTORY
The Melbourne Age, Editorial Opinion.
Tuesday 15 December 1992

 
   A spin-off crisis from the Yugoslav conflict has been left
precariously unresolved at the European Community's summit meeting.
EC leaders, who have already shown themselves sadly ineffectual in
the wider tragedy, have now missed an opportunity for a decisive
stand on the highly emotional issue of Macedonia. They have deferred
to a Greek position that is long on history but alarmingly short on
compromise in the volatile Balkans.
 
   The EC again refused to recognise the Republic of Macedonia
unless it changes its name. Athens claims a historical right to the
title, while also seeing a territorial threat from Macedonia to a
northern Greek region of the same name. Macedonia (Greek officials
prefer to call it Skopje, after the capital) is the most isolated
and probably the poorest of the six republics of the former
Yugoslavia. On its knees economically and suffering from a Greek
oil embargo, its two million citizens would have little hope of
posing a genuine threat. Wilder Macedonian nationalists have not
helped matters by foolishly publishing maps showing expansion into
Greek territory.
 
   Greece and the EC have missed an opportunity to work on a
compromise offered by the Macedonian President, Mr Kiro Gligorov, who put 
his own reputation on the line to persuade his Parliament to alter the name 
to the Republic of Macedonia (Skopje). The EC was no doubt swayed by a huge
protest in Athens last week and mobilisation of Greek troops on the border,
although it offered humanitarian and technical aid. The pressure tactics
against Macedonia - tense but as yet free from wider war - are not reassuring.
As for the Community, did it think through the consequences if the United
Nations supports a request tomorrow to recognise Macedonia? The UN, sending
700 troops peacekeepers to monitor Macedonia's borders with Serbia, Greece,
Albania and Bulgaria (Turkey is another piece on the board), better 
understands the potential for disaster.
 
   Australia, with a large population of citizens of Greek heritage and
more than 45,000 of Yugoslav Macedonian origin, also has a stake in the
controversy. Unreasonable and irrational claims to monopoly of a name
are a strain not only in Macedonia. It is to the credit of this country's
ethnically Yugoslav citizens that far-off communal violence has been
reflected here in nothing more than peaceful demonstrations. This is the
way it must stay.
From: Hilary Naylor <hnaylor@igc.apc.org>
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human
Date: 13 Dec 92 19:27 PST
Subject: SYRIA: AI delegates to visit
Nf-ID: #N:cdp:1476700876:000:855
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!hnaylor    Dec 13 19:27:00 1992


From: Hilary Naylor <hnaylor>
Subject: SYRIA: AI delegates to visit

/* Written  7:26 pm  Dec 13, 1992 by hnaylor@igc.apc.org in igc:ai.general */
/* ---------- "SYRIA: AI delegates to visit" ---------- */
Amnesty International
International Secretariat
1 Easton Street
London WC1X 8DJ
United Kingdom 

DATE: 10 DECEMBER 1992

SYRIA: AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL VISITS SYRIA

Two Amnesty International delegates are visiting Syria for about ten days in
order to attend and observe proceedings at trials before the Supreme State
Security Court in Damascus. Those standing trial are long-term political
detainees many of whom are prisoners of conscience adopted by Amnesty
International. During their visit the delegates are not authorized to make any
public statements and on their return will submit a report to the Secretary
General of Amnesty International.
From: sag@hera.Berkeley.EDU (Steve Goldfield)
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human
Subject: Update--Re: URGENT: Expulsion of 400 Palestinians
Date: 17 Dec 1992 21:04:16 GMT
Organization: University of California, Berkeley
NNTP-Posting-Host: hera.berkeley.edu
Keywords: Expulsion Israel Palestinians Geneva Convention

In article <1992Dec17.200922.22613@mont.cs.missouri.edu> wdh@netcom.com (Bill Hofmann) writes:
#URGENT ACTION REQUESTED.
#>
#>The Israeli government has been stopped by a temporary restraining order
#>from expelling 400 Palestinians from the occupied West Bank and Gaza.
#>This is a violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention.  The restraining
#>order, issued only hours ago, preceeds a hearing later Thursday 12/17, 
#>on the "legality" of these mass expulsions without trial or the right of
#>appeal.
#>
#>If you are an American, please call the State Department, 202-647-4000,
#>and ask for the Operations Desk and express your opposition to this
#>illegal collective punishment.  The U.S. can and should stop the expulsions.
#>No matter who you are, please call or fax the Israeli government and
#>express your opposition to the deportations.
#>
#>This call has been issued by Palestine Solidarity Committee and the
#>American Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee.
#>-Bill Hofmann

Since Bill sent the above, there is more information. The Israeli
Supreme Court summarily approved the expulsion of the 418
Palestinians, who have been taken to the Israeli "security zone"
in southern Lebanon. The Lebanese government is refusing to
accept them; however, we anticipate that the expulsions will
be carried out.

We have another phone number at the State Department to call:
202-647-3672 gets you the Israel desk. You might wish to point
out that Article 501 of the Foreign Assistance Act obligates
the U.S. government to cut off all aid to the Israeli government
because of its violations of the Geneva convention.

Steve Goldfield
From: hrcoord@igc.apc.org (Human Rights Coordinator)
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human
Subject: Re: AI UA402/92 CUBA Ill-treatment
Date: 20 Dec 92 02:33:00 GMT
Nf-ID: #R:cdp:1476700891:cdp:1476700892:000:524
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!hrcoord    Dec 19 18:33:00 1992


/* Written  5:34 pm  Dec 18, 1992 by gn:rmitchellai in igc:ai.uan */
The address of the diplomatic representative in the UK
is as follows:
 
Her Excellency Senora Maria A Florez
Embassy of Cuba
167 High Holborn
London WC1 6PA. Fax: 071 836 2602
 
------------------------------------------------------
 
If you have any queries about this Urgent Action or about
the UA scheme in general, please contact:
 
Ray Mitchell
Amnesty International British Section
99 - 119 Rosebery Avenue
London
EC1R 4RE
 
email: gn:rmitchellai
From: hrcoord@igc.apc.org (Human Rights Coordinator)
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human
Subject: Re: AI EX107/92 TURKEY Fear of torture
Date: 20 Dec 92 02:33:00 GMT
Nf-ID: #R:cdp:1476700893:cdp:1476700894:000:506
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!hrcoord    Dec 19 18:33:00 1992


/* Written  6:29 pm  Dec 18, 1992 by gn:rmitchellai in igc:ai.uan */
The address of the diplomatic representative in the UK
is as follows:
 
His Excellency Mr Candemir Onhon
Embassy of Turkey
43 Belgrave Square
London SW1X 8PA
 
------------------------------------------------------
 
If you have any queries about this Urgent Action or about
the UA scheme in general, please contact:
 
Ray Mitchell
Amnesty International British Section
99 - 119 Rosebery Avenue
London
EC1R 4RE
 
email: gn:rmitchellai
 
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human,soc.culture.yugoslavia,soc.culture.europe,soc.culture.greek,bit.listerv.politics,talk.politics.misc,talk.politics.theory,misc.headlines,eunet.politics,soc.culture.bulgaria,soc.culture.turkish
From: sachz@montebello.ecom.unimelb.EDU.AU (SAS)
Subject: Avert Armageddon [Macedonia]
Followup-To:  soc.culture.yugoslavia,soc.culture.europe
Originator: sachz@montebello.ecom.unimelb.EDU.AU
Organization: Dept. Engineering Computer Resources, Melbourne Uni.
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 1992 01:18:00 GMT


AVERT ARMAGEDDON
3 - 6 December 1992 - The European

   The consequences of Europe if the civil war in the Balkans
spreads to the former Yugoslav republic of Macedonia will make even
the horrors of Sarajevo pale into insignificance. The fighting has
been kept, until now, within the frontiers of what was Yugoslavia.
But, should Macedonia erupt, the conflict would almost certainly
suck in Serbia, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. It would be
brutal: much more blood would be shed, many more cities destroyed
and hatred reinforced for generations.

   A wider war can be averted if the international community ends
the political and economic no-man's-land status which has left
Macedonia so vulnerable to meddling by other powers. The clearest
guarantee for Macedonia would be recognition, backed by the
stationing of UN forces in the former Yugoslav republic.

   This support should be conditional on formal guarantees from
Macedonia's President Gligorov that he has no territorial ambitions
in northern Greece. He must also grant equal rights to the Albanian
minority, who fear suppression by the Slav majority; failure to do
this could spark off yet another ethnic conflict.

   There is no time to delay. Macedonia - an unintended casualty of
punitive  sanctions taken against Serbia - faces collapse. Its
instability is a recruiting ground for the extremists.

   Consequently, the UN must take the initiative from the EC, which
is powerless so long as Greece sticks to its policy of vetoing
recognition until Macedonia changes its name. EC leaders were unwise
to endorse this view at the Lisbon summit. But Britain and France,
as permanent members of the UN Security Council, are under no
obligation to protect a narrow Greek national interest. Their vote
should be governed by the wider international need to prevent war in
Macedonia.

   Greece deserves some understanding. Names of countries are a
sensitive matter, raising deep and genuinely-felt passions. There is
real fear that a Macedonia called just that will inevitably, have
territorial ambitions in the Greek province of the same name. But this
argument is not sustainable. It is hard to believe that, Greece is
really frightened of a defeat by a land-locked mini-state. Even if
it were true that Macedonia had territorial ambitions, a name
change is unlikely to make any difference.

   The best way to resolve this dispute is for Greek and Macedonian
leaders to meet, negotiate and compromise. Greece has a sensible
government, which could surely accept a name along the line
discussed earlier this year such as "The Macedonian Republic of
Skopje". But if Greece maintains its position despite growing
international impatience, its views will have to be set to one side.
The spread of the civil war beyond Yugoslav borders is a development
no government can afford to allow.
From: hrcoord@igc.apc.org (Human Rights Coordinator)
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human
Subject: Re: AI UA397/92 INDIA Disappearance
Date: 20 Dec 92 02:31:00 GMT
Nf-ID: #R:cdp:1476700889:cdp:1476700890:000:531
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!hrcoord    Dec 19 18:31:00 1992


/* Written  4:53 pm  Dec 17, 1992 by gn:rmitchellai in igc:ai.uan */
The address of the diplomatic representative in the UK
is as follows:
 
His Excellency Dr L M Singhvi
High Commission of India
India House
Aldwych
London WC2B 4NA. Fax: 071 836 4331
 
------------------------------------------------------
 
If you have any queries about this Urgent Action or about
the UA scheme in general, please contact:
 
Ray Mitchell
Amnesty International British Section
99 - 119 Rosebery Avenue
London
EC1R 4RE
 
email: gn:rmitchellai
From: hrcoord@igc.apc.org (Human Rights Coordinator)
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human
Subject: Re: Turkey: Worker Detained
Date: 18 Dec 92 23:52:00 GMT
Nf-ID: #R:cdp:1476700882:cdp:1476700883:000:478
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!hrcoord    Dec 18 15:52:00 1992


From: Human Rights Coordinator <hrcoord>
Subject: Turkey: Worker Detained

/* Written  9:23 am  Dec 18, 1992 by geonet@gn.apc.org in igc:geo2.humanrigh */

December 18, 1992
Dear friends, We have just learned that Yimaz, the Turkish
worker from Opel Russelsheim, was released yesterday
afternoon. However, his friend, Behiye Tunaboyeu, is still
being held and will apparently be taken to court on Monday. We
will keep you informed of any new developments. Thank you, TIE
Staff.
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human
From: hrcoord@igc.apc.org (Human Rights Coordinator)
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human
Subject: US Violates Rights of HIV+ Refugee
Date: 19 Dec 92 14:51:00 GMT
Nf-ID: #N:cdp:1476700885:000:2951
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!hrcoord    Dec 19 06:51:00 1992


From: Human Rights Coordinator <hrcoord>
Subject: US Violates Rights of HIV+ Refugee

/* Written  6:11 pm  Dec 18, 1992 by aimlgc@igc.apc.org in igc:ai.general */
The following is an action called for by Amnesty International
USA's Government Action Network and is posted here by Amnesty
International Members for Lesbian and Gay Concerns (AIMLGC).

For more information about this action, write: Amnesty
International USA's Government Action Network, 304 Pennsylvania
Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20003.  For information about AIMLGC,
send email to: aimlgc, PeaceNet, (or aimlgc@igc.org, on other
networks).  Postal mail can be sent to: AIMLGC, P.O. Box 8293,
Santa Cruz, CA 95061-8293.

**********************************************

U.S. Violates Rights of HIV-Positive Refugees

November 12, 1992 -- The United States Government is currently
holding 240 Haitian asylum seekers plus 38 other family members in
quarantine at the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in Cuba.  These
refugees have tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV).  Each one has also been judged twice to have a significant
claim for the protection of the United States due to fear of
persecution by security forces or their allies in Haiti.

These 240 men and women and their dependents are not being allowed
to pursue their claims of asylum because current U.S. policy calls
for refuges with HIV to be excluded from the country.  Although
Dr. Louis Sullivan, Secretary of Health and Human Services, called
in January 1991 for this policy to be changed, the Bush
administration has not taken any action to do so.

U.S. policy allows for a waiver to be granted in the U.S. embassy
of a refugee's home country.  The waiver, however, is not
practical nor safe for refugees who have fled their country,
apparently m,any with a well-founded fear of persecution.  In
addition, most of these Haitians were likely unaware of their HIV
status until they reached Guantanamo.

Amnesty International believes that this U.S. action violates the
basic human rights of people to seek and enjoy in other countries
asylum from persecution (Article 14 of the Universal Declaration
of Human Rights).

Please write to William Bar, the Attorney General of the United
States, and please send a copy of your letter to June Osborn, the
chair of President Bush's National Commission on AIDS.  Urge Mr.
Barr to allow HIV-positive Haitians in Guantanamo to enter the
United States and pursue their claims for political asylum.  It
would be especially appropriate for the Bush administration to
grant this before President Bush's term in office expires in
January.

WRITE:

The Honorable William Barr Attorney general of the U.S.
Department of Justice 10th and Constitution NW Room 4400
Washington, DC  20530

Fax: 202-514-4371

CC:

June Osborn Chair National Commission on AIDS 1720 K Street NW
Room 815 Washington, DC 20006

Fax: 202-254-3060

Redirect the Power of Government for Human Rights!
From: hrcoord@igc.apc.org (Human Rights Coordinator)
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human
Subject: Thai: AI Asked King to Help
Date: 14 Dec 92 17:16:00 GMT
Nf-ID: #N:cdp:1476700878:000:1830
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!hrcoord    Dec 14 09:16:00 1992


From: Human Rights Coordinator <hrcoord>
Subject: Thai: AI Asked King to Help

From @pucc.Princeton.EDU:SEASIA-L@MSU.BITNET Sun Dec 13 16:03:29
1992

AMNESTY International has written to His Majesty the King
expressing concern that social critic Sulak Sivaraksa will be
arrested and jailed upon his return to Thailand on Monday.

The international human rights organisation said in a press
release from London that it had sent the letter to the King last
Tuesday. It called on the Thai Government to ensure that Professor
Sulak is not arrested when he returns and is at all times safe
from harm.

In September 1991, former army chief Gen Suchinda Kraprayoon filed
defamation and lese majeste charges against Mr Sulak for remarks
he allegedly made about the military and the monarchy during a
talk at Thammasat University on August 22, 1991.

The discussion was held during a time of increasing opposition
against the military junta under Gen Suchinda, which staged the
February 23, 1991 coup d'etat against the Chatichai Choonhavan
government.

Mr Sulak was reportedly in physical danger following his comments.
When the arrest warrant was issued he went into hiding and fled
the country to avoid being tried. He is returning to face the
charges now that Thailand has returned to democratic rule.

Amnesty International said that if arrested on the charges, Prof
Sulak would be a prisoner of conscience and the organisation would
demand his immediate and unconditional release.

Amnesty said Mr Sulak's arrest for his remarks would be a
violation of his rights to freedom of opinion and expression.

Amnesty urged that Mr Sulak be given a fair trial and found
innocent if his remarks are judged to be true or to constitute
fair comment made in good faith about matters subject to public
criticism, as provided for under Thai law.
From: hrcoord@igc.apc.org (Human Rights Coordinator)
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human
Subject: Re: AI UA403/92 EAST TIMOR Arrests
Date: 20 Dec 92 02:34:00 GMT
Nf-ID: #R:cdp:1476700895:cdp:1476700896:000:518
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!hrcoord    Dec 19 18:34:00 1992


/* Written  7:43 pm  Dec 18, 1992 by gn:rmitchellai in igc:ai.uan */
The address of the diplomatic representative in the UK
is as follows:
 
His Excellency Teuku Mohammad Hadi Thayeb
Embassy of Indonesia
38 Grosvenor Square
London W1X 9AD
 
------------------------------------------------------
 
If you have any queries about this Urgent Action or about
the UA scheme in general, please contact:
 
Ray Mitchell
Amnesty International British Section
99 - 119 Rosebery Avenue
London
EC1R 4RE
 
email: gn:rmitchellai
 
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human,misc.activism.progressive
From: wdh@netcom.com (Bill Hofmann)
Subject: URGENT: Expulsion of 400 Palestinians
Followup-To: soc.rights.human
Originator: rich@pencil.cs.missouri.edu
Keywords: Expulsion Israel Palestinians Geneva Convention
Organization: Netcom - Online Communication Services  (408 241-9760 guest) 
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 1992 20:09:22 GMT

URGENT ACTION REQUESTED.

The Israeli government has been stopped by a temporary restraining order
from expelling 400 Palestinians from the occupied West Bank and Gaza.
This is a violation of the Fourth Geneva Convention.  The restraining
order, issued only hours ago, preceeds a hearing later Thursday 12/17, 
on the "legality" of these mass expulsions without trial or the right of
appeal.

If you are an American, please call the State Department, 202-647-4000,
and ask for the Operations Desk and express your opposition to this
illegal collective punishment.  The U.S. can and should stop the expulsions.
No matter who you are, please call or fax the Israeli government and
express your opposition to the deportations.

This call has been issued by Palestine Solidarity Committee and the
American Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee.
-Bill Hofmann
From: Hilary Naylor <hnaylor@igc.apc.org>
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human
Date: 13 Dec 92 19:21 PST
Subject: INDIA: police killings at AYODHYA
Nf-ID: #N:cdp:1476700873:000:2807
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!hnaylor    Dec 13 19:21:00 1992


From: Hilary Naylor <hnaylor>
Subject: INDIA: police killings at AYODHYA

/* Written  7:20 pm  Dec 13, 1992 by hnaylor@igc.apc.org in igc:ai.general */
/* ---------- "INDIA: police killings at AYODHYA" ---------- */
Amnesty International
International Secretariat
1 Easton Street
London WC1X 8DJ
United Kingdom 

DATE: 10 DECEMBER 1992

INDIA: AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL CONCERNED BY POLICE KILLINGS FOLLOWING MOSQUE
DEMOLITION AT AYODHYA

Amnesty International cabled Prime Minister Narasimha Rao on 9 December to
express concern about some of the killings which followed the recent
destruction of the Babri Masjid (mosque) in the Uttar Pradesh town of Ayodhya
on 6 December. 

      Over 600 people are known to have been killed in violence throughout the
country since Sunday. Amnesty International is concerned at the number of
deaths that have occurred as a result of police firing on protestors and
rioters. This happened in Bombay where at least 40 people died, some
reportedly as a result of indiscriminate police firing. Most victims belonged
to the Muslim community. 

      Amnesty International urged the government to take the utmost care to
prevent further loss of life and to ensure that the security forces are
instructed not to use lethal force unless as a very last resort when they face
a life-threatening situation - and only after appropriate warnings have been
given. Amnesty International also asked the government for clarification of
the nature of the charges and the evidence against the leader of opposition,
L.K Advani (who has now resigned), Murli Manohar Joshi, the leader of the BJP
and other party members who were arrested on 8 December 1992. 

      The 16th century Babri Masjid (mosque), now destroyed by rioting Hindus
but which the Indian government has assured will be rebuilt - stood at a site
in Ayodhya claimed to be the birthplace of the Hindu God Ram. Ayodhya lies in
Uttar Pradesh, India's most populous state ruled by the opposition Bharatiya
Janata Party (BJP), which was dismissed by the central government in New Delhi
after it had failed to uphold its undertaking to abide by a Supreme Court
ruling prohibiting any construction work of a Hindu temple at the site.

      The BJP, which backed the campaign for the last three years for a Hindu
temple to be built, and the Hindu revivalist Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP -
World Hindu Council), which organized the current campaign, had given
undertakings to the government that, on Sunday 6 December, they would only
participate in ceremonial rituals and would not permit the destruction of the
mosque and the building of a Hindu temple on its site. But when rioting Hindus
stormed the mosque and demolished it, the Provincial Armed Constabulary was
reported to have withdrawn quietly, leaving the mosque undefended.
From: Hilary Naylor <hnaylor@igc.apc.org>
Newsgroups: soc.rights.human
Date: 13 Dec 92 19:13 PST
Subject: ALGERIA: Amnesty International vis
Nf-ID: #N:cdp:1476700870:000:1113
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!hnaylor    Dec 13 19:13:00 1992


From: Hilary Naylor <hnaylor>
Subject: ALGERIA: Amnesty International vis

/* Written  7:13 pm  Dec 13, 1992 by hnaylor@igc.apc.org in igc:ai.general */
/* ---------- "ALGERIA: Amnesty International vis" ---------- */
Amnesty International      
International Secretariat  
1 Easton Street            
London WC1X 8DJ            
United Kingdom             

DATE: 7 DECEMBER 1992

ALGERIA: AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL VISITS ALGERIA

An Amnesty International delegation is visiting Algeria in December 1992.  The
purpose of the visit is to carry out research into Amnesty International's
human rights concerns in Algeria and to hold discussions with members of the
Algerian Government.

      Amnesty International's concerns in Algeria include the administrative
detention, without charge or trial, of over 1,000 detainees; irregularities in
some trial procedures and the lack of investigation and public reporting in
cases of use of firearms leading to deaths by law enforcement officials. 
Amnesty International is also concerned about abuses by armed opposition
groups including deliberate and arbitrary killings.