From: ewm@cbnews.cb.att.com (edward.w.mcfarland)
Subject: Democracy or Republic?
Organization: AT&T
Date: Thu, 7 Jan 1993 13:56:25 GMT


Below is a scanned copy of a document I acquired.  I corrected only mis-
scanned letters/words and punctuation, otherwise it is in the format of
my printed copy.  The foreword was part of the copy I received and is
unattributed.
Is the misuse of the word "democracy" accidental?... you decide...
____________________________________________________________________________


               Official Definition  of Democracy

    Here are four (4) fac simile section reproductions taken from a 
156 page book officially compiled and issued by the U. S. War 
Department, November 30, 1928, setting forth exact and truthful 
definitions of a Democracy and of a Republic, explaining the 
difference between both. These definitions were published by the 
authority of the United States Government and must be accepted as 
authentic in any court of proper jurisdiction.

    These precise and scholarly definitions of a Democracy and a 
Republic were carefully considered as a proper guide for U. S.
soldiers and U. S. citizens by the Chief of Staff of the United States 
Army. Such definitions take precedence over any "definition" that 
may be found in the present commercial dictionaries which have 
suffered periodical "modification" to please "the powers in office."

    Shortly after the "bank holiday" in the thirties, hush-hush orders 
from the White House suddenly demanded that all copies of this book 
be withdrawn from the Government Printing Office and the Army 
posts, to be suppressed and destroyed without explanation.
**********************************************************************

 (No. 1 fac simile)
                                                    TM 2000-25


Training Manual                       WAR DEPARTMENT.
     No. 2000-25                       Washington, November 30, 1928

                           Citizenship


Prepared under direction of the
Chief of Staff

      This manual supersedes Manual of Citizenship Training


  The use of the publication "The Constitution of the United States," 
by Harry Atwood, is by permission and courtesy of the author.
The source of other references is shown in the bibliography.


(No. 2 fac simile)


                      Citizenship               TM  2000-25
                                                  118-120

Democracy:
   A government of the masses.
   Authority derived through mass meeting or any other form of
   "direct" expression.                                             
   Results in mobocracy.                                             
   Attitude toward property is communistic--negating property 
   rights.
   Attitude toward law is that the will of the majority shall 
   regulate 
 whether it be based upon deliberation or governed by passion, 
prejudice, and impulse, without restraint or regard to consequences.
  Results in demagogism, license, agitation, discontent, anarchy.

                                      91


28                                                   Liberty Bell

          

(No. 3 fac simile)

TM 2000-25
120-- 121                   Citizenship

     Republic:
     Authority is derived through the election by the people of public     
officials best fitted to represent them.
     Attitude toward property is respect for laws and individual 
rights,  and a sensible economic procedure.
     Attitude toward law is the administration of justice in accord 
with  fixed principles and established evidence, with a strict regard 
to consequences.
     A greater number of citizens and extent of territory may be     
brought within its compass.
     Avoids the dangerous extreme of either tyranny or mobocracy.
     Results in statesmanship, liberty, reason, justice, contentment, 
and     progress.
Is the standard form of government throughout the world.

   A republic is a form of government under a constitution which 
provides for   the election of (1) an executive and (2) a legislative 
body, who working  together in a representative capacity, have all 
the power of appointment, all  power of legislation, all power to 
raise revenue and appropriate expenditures, and are required to 
create (3) a judiciary  to pass upon the justice and legality of their 
governmental  acts and to recognise (4) certain inherent individual     
rights.
    Take away any one or more of these four elements and you are 
drifting into autocracy. Add one or more to those four elements and 
you are drifting into democracy. -- ATTWOOD.
     121. Superior to all others.--Autocracy declares the divine right    
of kings; its authority cannot be questioned; its powers are     
arbitrarily or unjustly administered.
     Democracy is the "direct" rule of the People and his been 
repeatedly tried without success.
     Our Constitutional fathers, familiar with the strength and 
weakness of both autocracy and democracy, with fixed principles 
definitely in mind, defined a representative republican form of 
government.     They  made a very marked distinction between a 
republic and a  democracy  *  *  * and said repeatedly and 
emphatically that  they had founded a republic."


                                       
(No. 4 fac simile)
    By order of the Secretary of War:
                                     C. P. Summerall, 
                                        Major General, 
                                                Chief of Staff
Official:
        Lutz Wahl, 
                Major General,
                        The Adjutant General.

ADDITIONAL COPIES
of this Publication may be procured 
from the Superintendent of Documents
U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington DC.
at 
30 cents per copy

     Why Democracies Fail

   A Democracy cannot exist as a permanent form of Government.  It 
can only exist until the voters discover they can vote themselves 
largess out of the public treasury.
From that moment on the majority always votes for the candidate 
promising the most benefits from the public treasury with the 
result that Democracy always collapses over a loose fiscal policy, 
always to be followed by a Dictatorship.
(Written by Professor Alexander Fraser Tytler, nearly two centuries 
ago while our thirteen original states were still colonies of Great 
Britain. At the time he was writing of the decline and fall of the 
Athenian Republic over two thousand years before.)
                    -Reprinted from the Freeman Magazine

    Did I say  republic?  By God, yes,  I said "republic!" Long live the 
glorious republic of the United States of America. Damn democracy.
    It is a fraudulent term used, often by ignorant persons but no less 
often by intellectual fakers, to describe an infamous mixture of 
socialism, miscegenation, graft, confiscation of property and denial 
of personal rights to individuals whose virtuous principles make 
them offensive.
        by Westbrook Pegler in the New York Journal American of 
January 25th and 26th, 1951, under the title,  Upholds Republic of U. 
S. Against Phony Democracy and "Democracy in the U. S. Branded         
Meaningless."






     Ed McFarland                       We make history the old-fashioned
     ewm@mvuzr.att.com                  way, we revise it!
     The road to a police state is paved with good intentions.  -Ray Shea
*  Truth :  the most deadly weapon ever discovered by humanity. Capable of   *
*  destroying entire perceptual sets, cultures, and realities. Outlawed by   *
*  all governments everywhere. Possession is normally punishable by death.   *
                                          -Richard Childers
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