From: gaojeng@durras.anu.edu.au (J. Gao)
Subject: CND-Global, Friday, September 11, 1992
Summary: CND
Keywords: CND
Organization: Computer Services Centre, Australian National University
Date: 11 Sep 92 07:09:37 GMT

              * * *  C h i n a   N e w s   D i g e s t  * * *

                              (News Global)

                        Friday, September 11, 1992
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Table of Contents                                                # of Lines
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1. News Brief (4 Items) .................................................31
2. China Says Communist Party Congress Will Focus on Economic Reform ....45
3. Chinese Official Adds Voice to Calls for Market Economy ..............45
4. Hong Kong Court Delays Ruling on Fate of Two Chinese Dissidents ......26
5. Washington Turns up the Heat on China over Trade .....................16
6. Chinese Official Urges U.S. Wheat Ban for F-16 Deal ..................37
7. What's in Today's Hua Xia Wen Zhai #76 (cm9209b) .....................20
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1. News Brief (4 Items) .................................................31
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[UPI, 9/10/92] BANGKOK, Thailand -- A loose economic grouping of 15 Asian
and Pacific states Thursday named Singapore as the site of its permanent
headquarters on the first day of a two-day conference. A declaration by the
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation conference said the establishment of a
base for APEC would "strengthen its role and enhance its efficiency in
promoting regional economic cooperation." APEC groups Australia, Brunei,
Canada, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, the
Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and the United
States, which account for almost half of the world's gross domestic product
and about 40 percent of its trade. (From: A CND Reader)
                             ____  ____  ____

[AP-DJ, 9/10/92] BEIJING -- China will export to Iran equipment for a
300-megawatt nuclear power plant as part of an agreement to promote the
"peaceful use of nuclear energy," Iranian President Hashemi Rafsanjani said
Thursday. Rafsanjani provided no other details at a news conference other
than pledging further cooperation between the two countries. Rafsanjani
made the remarks on the second day of four-day state visit to China.
(From; A CND Reader)
                             ____  ____  ____

[AP-DJ, 9/10/92] BEIJING -- Authorities have arrested a bank official
accused of selling stock application forms at exhorbitant prices in
Shenzhen, where riots broke out last month over distribution of the
vouchers, an official newspaper said Thursday. The China Daily identified
the man as the branch director of the Shenzhen Development Bank, but did
not give his name.  (From: Huijie)
                             ____  ____  ____

[PRNewswire, 9/10/92] PRC -- AT&T (NYSE: T) announced it has supplied a
cellular system, cut into service today, for Xian, the capital city of
Shaanxi province. The AT&T AUTOPLEX (R) System 1000, consisting of a mobile
switching center (MSC) and three base stations (cell sites), will provide
Xian with their first cellular communications network.  The system will
initially serve 2,000 subscribers. (From: Jian Liu)

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2. China Says Communist Party Congress Will Focus on Economic Reform ....45
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From: A CND reader
Source: UPI, 9/10/92

BEIJING -- The Chinese Communist Party, still split on when to open this
fall's crucial national congress, Thursday said it had completed
congressional-delegate selection, and announced the gathering would focus
on senior leader Deng Xiaoping's economic reforms.

In a statement carried by the official Xinhua news agency, the party said
local Communist cells had elected 1,991 delegates to represent 51 million
members at the upcoming 14th party congress.

The Communist Party holds a national congress about every five years to
outline the nation's direction for upcoming half-decade.

The meetings set key personnel and policies, but delegates usually just
rubber-stamp decisions made earlier by party leaders.

However, observers consider the 14th congress -- the first since the 1989
Tiananmen Square crackdown, and possibly the last for 88-year-old Deng --
crucial.

With a view toward enshrining his policies at the congress, Deng earlier
this year revived his cherished free-market reforms and "open-door" policy,
setting the nation on a dizzying spree of capitalist-style economic
measures.

Thursday's dispatch clearly indicated Deng's influence, noting delegates
have "made great efforts to study and carry out comrade Deng Xiaoping's
theory on building socialism with Chinese characteristics."

"The party members have strengthened their conscientiousness in implemen-
tation of the party's basic line, and made up their minds to accelerate
reform, opening to the outside world and economic development," Xinhua
said.

The news agency said delegates planned to focus on economic development,
reform and the open-door, but also intended to hold "four cardinal
principles" -- party tenets which enshrine the communist monopoly on power
and allow no political dissent.

The dispatch did not make clear when the congress would convene, saying
only that it would open "in the last quarter of the year" -- acknowledging
party leaders' failure so far to set an exact date.

Chinese party sources had previously said authorities planned to convene
the congress in mid-October. But recently, several senior officials have
said it might be delayed until November or December.

Meanwhile, Beijing has been rife with rumors about party leaders' plans to
make possible leadership changes at the congress.

Sources say Deng has been lobbying more heavily than usual for promotion of
pro-reform officials.

Most speculation centers on the fate of the hard-line Premier Li Peng --
whose job may be at risk -- and President Yang Shangkun, a close Deng ally
who could become China's most powerful man after Deng's death.

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3. Chinese Official Adds Voice to Calls for Market Economy ..............45
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From: A CND Reader
Source: UPI, 9/10/92

BEIJING -- A senior government official Thursday added his support to calls
for deeper reform and a shift towards a market economy, fueling the debate
over the future path of China's economic reforms.

In a commentary in the English-language China Daily, Gao Shangquan, vice-
minister of the State Commission for Restructuring the Economy -- which is
charged with overseeing communist China's move away from a rigid state-
planned economy -- called a market economy "inevitable and imperative."

Gao attacked compulsory planning as leading to "sluggish" growth, and said
a market economy would promote "faster development," strengthening
international competitiveness and boosting China's claim to rejoin the
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).

The debate over the future of China's economic reforms has long been
punctuated by calls for a move away from Soviet-style economic planning,
where production, distribution and sale of goods are all directly
controlled by the state.

But despite reforms begun in the 1970s, hard-liners have resisted a fuller
free market for fears of a return of outright capitalism.

However, Gao quoted senior leader Deng Xiaoping -- China's market reform
champion -- to dispute hard-line contentions that freer market reforms
would destroy Beijing's socialism.

"Deng said planning and markets are not demarcations dividing socialism and
capitalism," Gao said. "They are merely economic means to achieve a goal."

Gao's commentary represented part of a rising pro-reform tide unleashed
when Deng toured south China's booming Guangdong province in January,
reversing three years of stagnation by calling for economic growth.

Thursday, Gao pointed to recent reforms -- which have cut state control of
goods to less than 30 percent -- as proof that "conditions have become
mature for policy makers to introduce the concepts of a market economy."

The government last month ended control over prices of many basic
commodities, such as steel and cement, and cut the number of compulsory
official business plans -- which require industries to fulfill state- fixed
quotas -- to about 16 percent.

Gao Thursday urged the government to further reduce direct supervision of
enterprises, focusing instead on adjusting interest, tax and foreign
exchange rates to control the economy.

He also attempted to allay fears that market reforms would breed capitalism
and "private ownership," by stressing that "a market-oriented economy is
not equivalent to privatization," and that China's system would continue to
be "based on public ownership."

Chinese economists have begun calling that theory a "socialist market
economy."

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4. Hong Kong Court Delays Ruling on Fate of Two Chinese Dissidents ......26
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From: A CND Reader
Source: UPI, 9/10/92

HONG KONG -- The High Court Thursday delayed ruling on an appeal to allow
two Chinese women -- who fear persecution in their homeland for pro-
democracy activities -- to stay in Hong Kong.

The Immigration Department earlier ruled that Liu Yijing and Lin Lin,
smuggled into the British colony from the adjoining Chinese Special
Economic Zone of Shenzhen, should be returned to their communist homeland.

Liu and Lin have asked permission to appeal the Immigration Department
ruling, but the High Court Thursday put off a decision in their case until
Friday.

The court gave no reason for the delay, but supporters of the women have
reportedly been attempting to arrange asylum for them in a third country.

Liu, 29, and Lin, 24, say they participated in the 1989 Tiananmen Square
movement, and would thus face persecution if returned to China.

Pamela Baker, the women's lawyer, said Liu had written pro-democracy
pamphlets distributed at Tiananmen Square, while Lin had helped hide Liu in
Shenzhen after the military brutally suppressed protesters.

The women's case presents difficult issues for Hong Kong and its British
government.

On one hand, officials seek good relations with China ahead of 1997's
planned transfer of Hong Kong from British to Chinese rule.

But Amnesty International, which supports the women's appeal, said after
Hong Kong refused another Chinese woman asylum in 1990, Beijing reportedly
executed her soon after her repatriation.

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5. Washington Turns up the Heat on China over Trade .....................16
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From: A CND Reader
Source: Wall Street Journal, 9/10/92

Trying to pry away some of China's trade barriers, the U.S. has threatened
to impose 100% tariffs on $3.9 billion a year of Chinese goods, The Wall
Street Journal reported.

A hearing on the planned tariffs is set for Sept. 23, while Beijing has
until Oct. 10 to agree to liberalize trade. U.S. firms -- from apparel
makers to herb importers -- are edgy. "If the medicine doesn't work,
surgery would be the right thing. But boy do we hope the medicine will
work," says R.K. Morris of the National Association of Manufacturers.

Tyco Toys Inc. which imports 25% of its toys from China, says consumers
will pay the price for higher tariffs. Richard E. Grey, chief executive,
also warns that firms selling to China, such as aircraft makers and grain
producers, are ripe retaliation targets. American Herbal Products Asso-
ciation, Austin, Texas, readies a written comment on the proposed tariffs.
"Other regions can't provide the herbs in quantities" that China can, says
Peggy Brevoort, president. In the first half, the U.S. had a deficit with
China of $7.2 billion, second only to its trade gap with Japan.

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6. Chinese Official Urges U.S. Wheat Ban for F-16 Deal ..................37
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From: A CND Reader
Source: UPI, 9/10/92
By: David R. Schweisberg

BEIJING -- China indicated Thursday it might stop buying American wheat to
protest the U.S. decision to sell F-16 fighter jets to Taiwan, escalating
the dispute with its first direct threat of retaliation at U.S. commercial
interests.

But the Chinese warning, although aimed at an export business worth as much
as $1 billion to American farmers, was carefully worded as a "proposal" by
an unidentified agriculture official and was not portrayed as government
policy.

American agriculture experts in Beijing also pointed out that China's
purchases of U.S. wheat are already minimal this year because of good
Chinese harvests.

The statement, carried by the official Xinhua news agency, quoted "a
Chinese official in charge of agriculture" as proposing that "China stop
importing U.S. wheat immediately if the U.S. government insists on selling
F-16 fighters to Taiwan."

It was the first direct threat against U.S. commercial interests over the
decision by President Bush to sell the warplanes to Taiwan. China earlier
threatened to withdraw from international arms control talks and withhold
cooperation in the United Nations Security Council.

The Chinese official claimed China has imported American wheat in recent
years despite good domestic harvests "in order to maintain and develop
Sino-U.S. economic relations and trade."

"The agricultural official strongly appealed to the departments concerned
to consider his proposal to stop importing U.S. wheat," the Xinhua dispatch
said, suggesting the warning may have been a trial balloon.

China has in recent years imported between three and eight million tons of
American wheat annually, worth between $500 million and $1 billion a year
to American farmers. China's other key overseas wheat suppliers are Canada
and Australia.

But purchases of American wheat so far this year have been minimal because
of good domestic wheat harvests, agriculture experts said.

"It would be a good year for them to ban American wheat," noted an American
expert. "They have a big crop, and their requirements are lower."

The experts pointed out such a ban might harm Chinese interests as well,
since China buys high-quality American wheat at bargain prices because of
U.S. government export subsidies.

At the same time, American wheat growers have been among the most vocal
advocates of renewing China's Most Favored Nation trade status without
conditions. Members of Congress have tried to impose human rights and other
conditions on renewal of MFN for Beijing.

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7. What's in Today's Hua Xia Wen Zhai #76 (cm9209b) .....................20
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From: CND Hua Xia Wen Zhai Editorial Board < cnd-cm@sdsc.edu >

                Hua Xia Wen Zhai  (CND Chinese Magazine)
                              Issue #76
                          September 11, 1992

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Table of Contents (cm9209b)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. News: China to Have Foreign Co-sponsored Newspaper
2. Controversy: A Bottle Filled With "China China China"....Long Yingtai
3. Essay: Note on Love.............................................Si Yu
4. Novelty: Chinese Language for Therapy........................Le Deqin
5. Mid-Autumn: Random Thought Under the Moon...................Xiao Ming
               Song of Parasol.............(South Song Dynasty) Cai Shen
               Tourist Spots in China Named With "Moon"
6. Humor: Chinese Ancient Jokes
7. Satire: Again On "Like Article, Like the Person"...............Ah Gui
8. Recipe: Chicken Cold Noodle
9. "We" (Wo Men): An Issue of Racism.............................Cai Jin
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      Executive Editor:  Wang, Huang-Xin < cnd-cm@sdsc.edu >
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please send contributions to cnd-cm@sdsc.edu, including your name and
E-address in the  GB  file  unless  you wish to be anonymous.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

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