HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: brunner@crchh447.bnr.ca (James Brunner)
Subject: nitrate reduction by algae
Reply-To: brunner@crchh447.bnr.ca (James Brunner)
Organization: Bell-Northern Research, Richardson, Tx
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 1992 16:24:08 GMT

I've read several books, and most posts about the water cycle.  Almost all
of the books and posts say:
   Ammonia -> Nitrite -> Nitrate
and the Nitrate is taken out by water changes.  One book shows the nitrates
building slower if algae is present.

Well, last week I discovered a new fish store.  An enormous quantity of tanks!
I asked about their filter system and they showed me a HUGE W/D tower, massive
protien skimmers, U/V sterilizer (which wasn't hooked up), and an ozone 
reactor.  And they said that the NEVER do water changes.  They vacuum the 
gravel with a magnum filter and the algae in the W/D is enough to eliminate
the nitrate.  Is this true?  Is this practicle on a smaller scale?  If a W/D
and a canister filter for cleaning mean no water changes, this sounds like
an attractive idea.  But can it/will it work?
-- 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jim Brunner - (brunner@bnr.ca)
All opinions are my own and have nothing whatsoever to do with BNR, NT,
NTI, Bell Canada, or any of the BCE corporations or affiliates.
Newsgroups: sci.aquaria
From: fssmith@venus.lerc.nasa.gov (Greg Smith)
Subject: Re: nitrate reduction by algae
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41    
Organization: NASA Lewis Research Center
Date: 17 Aug 1992 13:42 EDT  

In article <1992Aug17.162408.3495@bnr.ca>, brunner@crchh447.bnr.ca (James Brunner) writes...
>I've read several books, and most posts about the water cycle.  Almost all
>of the books and posts say:
>   Ammonia -> Nitrite -> Nitrate
>and the Nitrate is taken out by water changes.  One book shows the nitrates
>building slower if algae is present.
> 
>Well, last week I discovered a new fish store.  An enormous quantity of tanks!
>I asked about their filter system and they showed me a HUGE W/D tower, massive
>protien skimmers, U/V sterilizer (which wasn't hooked up), and an ozone 
>reactor.  And they said that the NEVER do water changes.  They vacuum the 
>gravel with a magnum filter and the algae in the W/D is enough to eliminate
>the nitrate.  Is this true?  Is this practicle on a smaller scale?  If a W/D
>and a canister filter for cleaning mean no water changes, this sounds like
>an attractive idea.  But can it/will it work?
>-- 
>---------------------------------------------------------------------------
>Jim Brunner - (brunner@bnr.ca)
>All opinions are my own and have nothing whatsoever to do with BNR, NT,
>NTI, Bell Canada, or any of the BCE corporations or affiliates.

If the store is selling any fish then it must be doing water changes.
Wet dry filters do not remove nitrate.  They make it.  It would take a heck
of a lot of algae to remove the nitrates from a fish store set up with
several thousand gallons of water.
From: jason@lanai.cs.ucla.edu (Jason Rosenberg)
Newsgroups: sci.aquaria
Subject: Re: treating sick fish
Date: 19 Aug 92 09:24:58 GMT
Article-I.D.: cs.1992Aug19.092458.28312
Distribution: na
Organization: UCLA, Computer Science Department

drchambe@tekig5.pen.tek.com (Dennis Chamberlin) writes:
>I have a flagfin angel (Heniochus) that suddenly developed an exopthalmic
>(popped eyes) condition on both sides. The fish was previously healthy and
>eating very well. I believe the disease was triggered when I accidentally
>left the heater unplugged and the temp went down to about 65.

According to Moe's Marine Aquarium Reference, popeye is caused by an internal
fungal infection.  According to the book:  "Usually, only 1 or 2 fish show the
symptoms of internal fungus disease and these should be isolated and given
good water quality and good food.  I know of no really effective medication
and if the fish show no signs of improvement after a few days to a week, it
is best to destroy them......

>I have him in a hospital with Coppersafe and Furan-2 in the water. 

What is Furan-2?  How did you arrive at these medications?  I subscribe to
the theory that fewer chemicals are best, unless there is absolutely
no doubt as to a can't miss prescription....More chemicals can damage water
quality and stress the fish.

Moe does mention medications for external fungus,  Copper sulphate solution,
malachite green solution and 2-phenoxyethanol....I think more likely, the
good water quality and good food is the best ruite.  

-- 
Jason Rosenberg                           Computer Science Department
jason@cs.ucla.edu                         University of California
{uunet,rutgers,ucbvax}!ucla-cs!jason      Los Angeles, CA  90024
Xref: sparky sci.aquaria:1223 rec.aquaria:6534
From: jamescho@leland.Stanford.EDU (James Cho)
Subject: (M) mantis shrimp in reef tank
Keywords: mantis shrimp reef
Organization: CIS, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 92 22:40:35 GMT

i have several mantis shrimp which came with my live rock.  the
largest is about 3" long and 1/2" wide.  it has been boring 3/4" holes
in my live rock.  although he is really fun to watch, i think that
i should take him out before he gets a chance to cause too much
problems.  what is the recommended method of removing him?

here is a list of possible methods which people have told me about:

	1)	remove all the live rock and find his hole
		and remove him.

	2)	reduce the salinity to 1.017 which will
		kill all crustaceans.

	3)	catch him in a trap.

the first method is too much work and still is not guaranteed in
finding the shrimp.  i don't trust that the second method of actually
works and it would probably hurt some of the other stuff in the tanks
such as macroalgae, soft corals, plankton, and bacteria (has anyone
tried this approach).

i was thinking about putting a small soda bottle with some freeze
dried shrimp inside and a thread tied to the neck.  this would be
done at night and i would pull the bottle upright and out of the
tank when the shrimp is in it.  this means that i would have to
be patient and wait for the shrimp.

if anyone has found a good method of removing mantis shrimps from
their tanks i would really like to know before my live rock is turned
into rubble.

jamescho

__________________________________________________________________________
James S. H. Cho h: (415) 494-8344 o: 725-3649 o _   _ _  _   _  _   /   _
Center for Integrated Systems, Elec. Eng.    / /_\ /\/\ /_\ /_ /   / \ / \
CIS-038, MC-4070, Stanford, CA 94301     \__/ /  //   / \_  _/ \_//  / \_/
Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: dchung@efi.com (Daniel Chung)
Subject: [pronouns] Re: Other properties of pronoun usage
Followup-To: sci.lang,soc.culture.esperanto
Organization: Electronics For Imaging, Inc.
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 1992 17:57:26 GMT


     I am surprised by the fact that English does not distinguish between
one-you and plural-you, when I first learned English.  Now I am bothered
by that fact than even Esperanto does not distinguish them, when I
leanred it three years ago.  How would you fill the four columns?

	Chinese:	uo3	uo3 men0	ni3	ni3 men0
	Janpanese:	watasi	watasi-tati	anata	anata-tati
	Esperanto:	mi	ni		vi	plivi?
		
					*Zhong* Qi-Iao, U.S.A.
Xref: sparky sci.lang:6457 soc.culture.esperanto:1431
From: EZ-as-pi@cup.portal.com (Bruce Robert Gilson)
Newsgroups: sci.lang,soc.culture.esperanto
Subject: Re: [Anglolingvo/English] easy to learn English?
Date: Sun, 16 Aug 92 15:40:37 PDT
Organization: The Portal System (TM)
Distribution: world
  <1992Aug12.181330.3716@midway.uchicago.edu> <64057@cup.portal.com>
  <1992Aug16.025821.5613@sol.cs.wmich.edu>

To Steve Brewer's comment "Don't tell
us Ido ... is better, SHOW us" I say
I have done that. People object to
features like the sexism of Esperanto,
and I pointed out that Ido has elimin-
ated that. I think it is exactly that
sort of post that Steve asks for that
I have provided.
From: cam@castle.ed.ac.uk (Chris Malcolm)
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: Re: English Orthography (was "easy to learn?")
Date: 14 Aug 92 15:25:17 GMT
Organization: Edinburgh University

In article <1992Aug13.154331.20959@ecst.csuchico.edu> jim_may@msmailgw.csuchico.edu (Jim May) writes:

>We determine meaning strictly from sound all the time in day to day 
>conversation so your argument that odd spelling is essential falls flat.  

It _would_ fall flat, if written English used the same syntax and
vocabulary as spoken English. You are the first person I've
encountered who thinks this to be the case. I presume you are a US
student? :-)
-- 
Chris Malcolm    cam@uk.ac.ed.aifh          +44 (0)31 650 3085
Department of Artificial Intelligence,    Edinburgh University
5 Forrest Hill, Edinburgh, EH1 2QL, UK                DoD #205
Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: hau4@ellis.uchicago.edu (sven  hauptfeld)
Subject: Re: English Orthography (was "easy to learn?")
Reply-To: hau4@midway.uchicago.edu
Organization: University of Chicago Computing Organizations
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 1992 21:48:38 GMT

In article <1992Aug13.154331.20959@ecst.csuchico.edu> jim_may@msmailgw.csuchico.edu (Jim May) writes:
>
>As for word origins, who cares except for linguists?
>

I do. And probably most of the people who read this.

Sven
From: bck1@cl.cam.ac.uk (Brian Kelk)
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: Russian and ISO Latin 1
Date: 21 Aug 92 19:37:49 GMT
Reply-To: bck1@cl.cam.ac.uk (Brian Kelk)
Organization: U of Cambridge Comp Lab, UK

Is there a canonical transliteration of Russian into the
ISO Latin 1 character set?


Brian Kelk
Cambridge
England
Newsgroups: sci.lang,alt.folklore.urban
From: bobm@Ingres.COM (Bob McQueer)
Subject: Re: "Yes Virginia!" What does it mean?
Followup-To: alt.folklore.urban
Date: 14 Aug 92 01:08:44 GMT

> >I don't know if that is the proper newsgroup to ask it in but I'll
> try.

> It's not, but we're suckers for punishement.  :)

A good guess for the proper one is alt.folklore.urban.  You'll probably get
a LOT more answers, anyway.

> 
> >I ran into the expression "Yes Virginia!" in several places and couldn't
> >find any explanation in dictionraies (either standard or Slang/Americansims
> >ones). I guess it's from an American movie.
 
 
> I don't normally get into these debates, but isn't this one from an
> extremely sappy song in the '70s (or earlier), where some guy is
> telling his daughter Virginia about Santa Clause the famous Christmas
> tree[1], and says Yes, Virginia, there really *is* a Santa Clause.

Actually, it comes from a famous editorial in response to a little girl
writing a letter to an editor asking if Santa Claus existed or not because
she'd been told he didn't.  The sappy (or heartwarming if you prefer)
editorial preceded the sappy song by decades.

I'm directing this article and followups to alt.folklore.urban - somebody
probably knows the editor / newspaper / decade in question, and now I'm
curious.
From: connolly@memstvx1.memst.edu
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: Axe "axe"
Date: 19 Aug 92 13:57:01 -0600
Organization: Memphis State University

Cool it, guys.  Both _ax_ and _ask_ are old; OE has both _acsian_ and
_ascian_, if I'm not mistaken.  The German cognate is _heischen_,
where _sch_ derives from earlier [sk], and the _h-_ is spurious.
Look: the metathesis (from whichever direction) is old; I've heard
_ax_ from whites in the Bronx and in Memphis and seen it in written
British Vulgarian; examples from the rest of the English-speaking
countries shouldn't be hard to find.  And Popeye the Sailor Man used
_ax_ in the old cartoons.  So let's stop worrying about who was
"lazy" when.  If you want a linguistic datum to chew on:
the [sk] cluster was never final in OE _ascian_, has since become
final, but is one of the rarer final sequences in modern English.
I think you've got a survival, not a modern metathesis, but the
point really isn't worth discussing.
 
By the way, I am never politically correct.
 
--Leo Connolly

Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: alan@dragon.acadiau.ca (Alan W. McKay)
Subject: Re: New words for gender neutral pronouns in English
Organization: Acadia University
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 1992 11:42:22 GMT

qcg@casbah.acns.nwu.edu (Qing Guo) writes:

>There have been some discussions about gender neutral pronouns in English in
>this news group. Since we feel inconvenient with the wordy expressions 'he or
>she', 'his or her', etc., why don't we make some new words to make it easier?

>My basic idea is to use 'e', which is the last letter of both 'he' and 'she',
>as gender neutral third person singular pronoun. Let:

>E (always capital, as 'I') = he or she
>e = him or her
>es = his, her, or hers
>eself = himself or herself

I prefer to use the 3rd person plural, and in fact that seems to be
what an aweful lot of people do.

"Someone left their wallet on my desk.  I wish I knew who they were so I
could give it back to them." 

To me, it all sounds totally natural except maybe the "they were" sounds
a bit out of place.  But "their" and "them" sounds totally natural.

-- 
--
Alan W. McKay		| (902)542-2201.158	| Wolfville, N.S. Canada
alan@acadiau.ca		| Acadia University	| SUB Box 6008, B0P 1Z1
----------------------------------------- My Canada includes Quebec -----
From: thorinn@diku.dk (Lars Henrik Mathiesen)
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: Re: Swedes understanding spoken Danish
Date: 12 Aug 92 15:40:10 GMT
Organization: Department of Computer Science, U of Copenhagen

pem@Minsk.DoCS.UU.SE (Per-Erik Martin) writes:
>My theory is this: Danes often "skip" the *key* consonants by which a
>Swede identifies the words. As an example, I think the words "l{kare"
>(physican) and "l{rare" (teacher) are both pronounced something like
>"lei-e(r)" at least by some Danes (according to a friend of mine),
>while the Swedish pronounciation is "l{-ka-re" and "l{-ra-re" with
>clearly pronounced consonants.

You are almost right. In Danish, "(en) laerer" (a teacher) is /l-ae-@/
(distinct speech) or /l-ae:-h/, while "(en) laege" (a physician) is
/l-e-#/ or /l-e:/. A subtle difference, but native speakers and
listeners have no problems. The plurals are fun too: "laeger" /l-e-@/
and "laerere" /l-ae-@:/ (or just /l-ae-@/ when that does not coincide
with the singular).

(/ae/ is as in (RP) cat, /e/ as in ten, /@/ as in ago, /#/ less open.
/h/ is a sort of unvoiced release. This is the standard dialect of
Danish, as spoken by me, and (for the curious) no glottal stops are
involved.)

We do have a lot of homophones (or whatever that other thread decided
the name is), the words above just happened not to be. One set that
is, is "bager" (baker), "baeger" (beaker) and "baerer" (bears [vb.])
which are all pronounced like "laerer" except for the(!) consonant.
(The observant will ask why "baeger" is not like "laeger", and I will
answer that I do not know --- but possibly because it is the singular
form that has an "r".)

>If you're not an expert in linguistics I don't want to hear it...

I'll refrain from speculating on why Swedes don't grok Danish, then.

Lars Mathiesen (U of Copenhagen CS Dep) <thorinn@diku.dk> (Humour NOT marked)
From: R.S.Hunt@newcastle.ac.uk (R.S. Hunt)
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: Gender neutral pronouns
Date: 5 Aug 92 10:13:52 GMT
Organization: Computing Laboratory, U of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK NE1 7RU.


>In article <EUGENE.92Jul25231756@ra.cs.umb.edu> eugene@cs.umb.edu
(Eugene 
>O'Neil) writes:
>
>I think it's a bummer that English (and most languages) lack a
>gender neutral singular pronoun.  (Finnish has one!)  I don't know

Persian (Farsi) is the only Indo-European language apart from English to
have no grammatical genders; it has taken this a stage further than English
as its 3rd person singular pronoun does not even make the residual gender
distinction forced upon English speakers.   Sorry, I don't know what the
pronoun actually is!

The Maori language, and presumably the other Polynesian languages also, is
without any distinction of gender.   The Maori pronoun 'ia' therefore means
equally 'he' or 'she'.    However Maori has a much more complete set of 
personal pronouns than any IE language, eleven in all - but that is another
story.



Richard Hunt                                JANET : R.S.Hunt@uk.ac.newcastle
MSc Course in Computing Science
University of Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU
From: erbach@coli.uni-sb.de (Gregor Erbach)
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: Query: LINGUIST mailing list
Date: 13 Aug 92 11:26:07 GMT
Organization: U of Saarbruecken, Dept. of Computational Linguistics

What happened to the LINGUIST mailing list? Does it still exist?
I haven't received any mail from them for several months now.

Gregor Erbach
University of the Saarland
Computational Linguistics
Saarbruecken, Germany
Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: pjt@newton.cs.jhu.edu (Paul Tanenbaum)
Subject: Re: English Orthography (was "easy to learn?")
Organization: Johns Hopkins Computer Science Department, Baltimore, MD
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 1992 19:19:45 GMT

In article <1992Aug13.154331.20959@ecst.csuchico.edu> jim_may@msmailgw.csuchico.edu (Jim May) writes:
>In article <1992Aug12.141030.11222@blaze.cs.jhu.edu> pjt@newton.cs.jhu.edu 
>(Paul Tanenbaum) writes:
>> In a nutshell, whose pronunciation should our orthography encode?
>
>I think this argument is made too much and is, for much of English, 
>irrelevant because the language is remarkably uniform...

OK, it certainly is unfortunate (in some sense) that the two text strings
"laughter" and "daughter" do not represent words that rhyme.  So, assuming
we decided to enhance the spelling of the former, what should our choice
be?  There are speakers for whom the word rhymes with "lofter" (one who
lofts) and others for whom it doesn't.  The former would be disappointed
to have homonyms spelled differently in our supposedly corrected system,
the latter upset to have one text string with two pronunciations.  You
can't win!

>> ...  Another very valuable
>> thing to be ascertained from the spelling of a word is the word's origins
>> and meaning.
>
>We determine meaning strictly from sound all the time in day to day 
>conversation so your argument that odd spelling is essential falls flat.  
>As for word origins, who cares except for linguists?

Of course homonyms are often disambiguated correctly.  I never called
etymological information "essential", I called it "very valuable".  Can you
appreciate the distinction?  If you truly think "odd spelling" indefensible,
I hope you have the courage of your convictions:  In recording a dialogue
in a restaurant, would you write, "O Mayterdee! I'd like some tockos,
zeshwan beef, nyucky, and shampane, but no orderv.  During the meal I'll
read my book by Albert Inestine and listen to Baytovin while awaiting a
koodaytah."?  After all, word origins are of no interest to non-linguists.
     +++paul

Newsgroups: sci.lang.japan
From: mako@uihepa.hep.uiuc.edu ("Makoto Shimojima, Univ of Tsukuba/CDF")
Subject: Re: language question
Reply-To: mako@uihepa.hep.uiuc.edu
Organization: High Energy Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Distribution: sci
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 1992 19:38:39 GMT

> "Kaeru jikan wo wakarimasuka?"	-- unnatural but acceptable
> "Kaeru jikan ga wakarimasuka?"	-- natural
> "Kaeru jikan ha wakarimasuka?"	-- natural
> "Kaeru jikan mo wakarimasuka?"	-- natural
> "Kaeru jikan wakarimasuka?"	-- natural but colloquial
> 
> "ga" is the most general. "ha" is ok but differnent meaning from "ga".

After discussing with some Japanese friends here, I understand it is
used often, it may even be natual, but it is nonetheless incorrect.
Our conclusions were
  1. It is best to omit "ga" or "wa" as much as possible (if spoken);
  2. Use different words --- "kaeru jikan wo shitte imasuka?" or "itsu
     kaeru ka wakarimasuka?"
  3. There are lots of incorrect sentences we use naturally, so naturally
     that we do not realise they are (or were once) incorrect...

> "ha" emphasizes the subject among others. "I know you don't know
> how to go back or how much it costs, but I hope you know at least 
> the time to go back."

You can say "NANI ga wakarimasu ka" and "Kaeru jikan wa DOU desuka" but
not vice versa, generally, and I think the emphases are on NANI and DOU
here...

> >Huh?  I think I missed something here.  "Wo" is clearly wrong; "wakaru"
> >never takes "wo".  The normal "object"-marking particle for "wakaru" is
> >"ga", as in "Nihongo ga wakarimasen."  

"nihongo ga wakarimasen" is correct, and so is "nohongo wa wakarimasen."

						mako

PS: A little quiz: "Zenzen omoshiroi"-tte nanda? What does it mean?
Newsgroups: sci.lang.japan
From: Dave_Spence.Ebina_PBU@FUJIXEROX.XEROX.COM
Subject: Tsuji
Reply-To: Dave_Spence.Ebina_PBU@fujixerox.xerox.com
Organization: The Internet
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 1992 02:57:34 GMT

August 18, 1992
Re tsuji
The kanji I THINK you are referring to is Nelson 4662, kunyomi tsuji (NO
onyomi), meaning crossroad, crossroad (similar to kousaten, meaning crossraod
or junction).

There is a major intersection in Shibaura, Tokyo, near Tamachi station called
Fudanotsuji (the tsuji kanji that is used is the Nelson 4662, mentioned, above.
Note that tsuji, Nelson 4662, is a KokuJi, meaning a Japanese character, not a
Chinese character and, therefore, does not have an 'Onyomi'.
But 'tsuji' would not normally be used to indicate a street.
One of the drawbacks that character dictionaries have is that usage is not
clearly addressed. That is, though a character or a compound may have a
particular meaning and exist as a valid character or compound, character
dictionaries do not tell you that in a given situation you do or do not use a
particular character or combination.  For that you need to refer to other
sources; regular dictionaries, books on usage, idiom dictionaries, etc., etc.,
as well as be familiarity with the language.

By the way, radical 162 is called shinnyuu hen.

Dave

P.S.  While it is true that the various words that seem to mean street, avenue,
road, etc., etc., generally are used in certain, 'accepted' ways, the Japanese
DO occassionally, use them indiscriminantly, much the way we might in the U.S.
with street, avenue, lane, road, boulevard, highway, expressway, toll road,
freeway, etc., etc. , especially when it comes to naming 'streets' in housing
devbelopments. So, while the 'rules' of usage are generally complied with in
Japan, they sometimes do not follow the rules.
Newsgroups: sci.lang.japan
From: dave@pipi.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp (David Wuertele)
Subject: Re: `fluency in Japanese'
Organization: Institute of Industrial Science, University of tokyo.
	<HARKCOM.92Aug19084921@spinach.pa.yokogawa.co.jp>
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 1992 09:18:34 GMT

harkcom@spinach.pa.yokogawa.co.jp (Alton Harkcom) writes: 
>    And you also forgot to mention listening ability...  An earmark for
> this would be if one could watch Shimura Ken's TV programs and hear
> everything he says (hey, news is too easy)...

Is Shimura Ken the dude on TV Asahi with punch perm hair?  I think he
talks fast, but very clearly.  I find some of the other casters who talk
more slowly harder to understand.  For example, the regular guys on TV
Tokyo's "Business Sattellite."  (Of course, they'd probably be easier to
understand if they weren't so F**KING BORING!)

The hardest guys for me to follow are people like Beat (SP?) Takeshi, who
mumble and slur and whine all in the same utterance.  This is so hard, but
it seems that, at least to my Japanese friends, his speech is clear as a
bell.

-----
  $@%o%F%k(J $@%G%#%S%C%H!w0BED8&(J. $@EE;R9)3X@l96(J. $@9)3X7O8&5f2J(J. $@El5~Bg3X(J. $@=$;N(J1$@G/(J.
David Wuertele, Yasuda Lab, Electronic Engineering, Institute of Industrial Science,
University of Tokyo.				dave@windsor.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Newsgroups: sci.lang.japan