HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: verbit@coolidge.harvard.edu (Mikhail S. Verbitsky)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
Subject: Re: "Mashina Vremeni" (was Re: Boris Grebenschikov)
Date: 20 Dec 92 04:27:16 GMT
Organization: Sozialistische Patienten Kollektiv

Timur Ruban writes:
>
> Misha, thanks a lot of the brief history on MV and it's period of activities.
>Do you know, but any chance, if there is any "samizdat" copies of their poetry
>from the first period?  I have heard that there were couple of versions going
>"through hands" among public, but never seen any of them.  Well, except,
>maybe those that were published in musical books (I have "noty" and "stihi"
>only for "Poka Gorit Svecha..." and "Ona idet po-z'izni smeyas'")
>
>Thanks,
>Timur

	I never saw any of samizdat copies, but the
	magazine "Samodeyatel'nyi Teatr" issued a volume
	completely dedicated to Soviet "rock" poetry
	from songs which appeared on Melodia records,
	including lots of Makarevich stuff. The book
	is one of extremely bad quality, with foreword
	and comments you never imagined. This is all
	I know, but I never was interested in MV except 
	from historical point of view. IMVVHO,
	there is only one worthwhile Moscow
	band - "Vezhlivyi Otkaz" (_Polite Refusal_).
	Other Moscow bands are all infected by the
	same kind of superficiality and cheerful 
	idiocy, and this started exactly from MV
	(and "Bananovye Ostrova" - another crucially
	important Moscow recording).
	
	BTW, does anyone on the net have some knowledge
	in <smirk> Yurii Loza and Primus activity?
	What about the rock-group Telephon? I know
	nothing except that I heard 2-3 songs from 
	each one.

	Misha.
From: sergei@upenn5.hep.upenn.edu (Sergei Borodin)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
Subject: Re: RELAX: Evreyskii anekdot
Date: 11 Dec 92 19:39:46 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania

In article <101641@netnews.upenn.edu> burshtey@two-step.seas.upenn.edu (Alexander Burshteyn) writes:
>In article <101564@netnews.upenn.edu> sergei@upenn5.hep.upenn.edu (Sergei Borodin) writes:
>>In article <1992Dec10.192741.26660@mail.cornell.edu> ml12@cornell.edu (Mark Lipsits) writes:
>>>I guess  *you* lack the sense of humor to laugh about yourself.

>>  Vy by nauchilis' sperva na *pravilnye* knopki nazhimat', a uzh 
>>  potom by pisali u kogo, s vashei tochki zrenija otsutstvuet umor.

>Deystvitel'no, o chem mozhet pisat' chelovek, kotoryy ne umeyet nazhimat'
>na pravil'nyye knopki?! Prav byl Zhvanetskiy...

  Vrode logichno.

>>  A to neudobno kak-to poluchaetsja.  Mne by bylo stydno, a Vam?

>Nu, estestvenno, esli umeniye nazhimat' na pravil'nyye knopki schitat'
>opredelyayushchim priznakom intelligentnogo cheloveka, to da, togda, konechno,
>dolzhno byt' stydno i neudobno. A zato idiotskie fleimy posylat' po pustyashnym
>povodam togda dolzhno byt', naoborot, sovsem ne stydno i ochen' udobno.
>Chego tam, tol'ko pravil'nyye knopki nazhimay...

  Nu, Vy, dorogoi moi, opjat' vlezli, ne znaja o chem rech'-to idet.
  A idet ona o tom, chto chelovek, a imenno Mark Lipsits, nikak ne
  mozhet nauchit'sja obraschat'sja s komputerom, a ot togo pripisyvaet
  mne chuzhie slova. A pripisav ih mne, delaet duratskii vyvod o moem
  chuvstve umora. Povod-to, vrode by v dannom sluchae i pustjashnyi, no
  ja opasaus' kak by eto ne pereroslo v privychku. 

>Alex Burshteyn

 S.B.

Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
From: lovellf@columbia.dsu.edu (Fred Lovell)
Subject: Penpals
Organization: Dakota State University
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 04:36:52 GMT

Hi there My name is Fred Lovell and i am looking for penpals 
that are from the Former U.S.S.R and other eastern block 
countries.  My Email address is Lovellf@columbia.dsu.edu
or lovellf@dsuvax.dsu.edu
thanks in advance.


				Fred
From: pv02@ns1.cc.lehigh.edu (PETER VOROBIEFF)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
Subject: Re: Dark Lord Worshippers in Russia
Date: 15 Dec 92 03:01:16 GMT
Organization: Lehigh University

In article <SCS-L%92121219235346@INDYCMS.IUPUI.EDU>, HAUGLAND@NUACVM.ACNS.NWU.EDU writes:
>Could you please fill me in on the background of the Golitsyn family and why
>they would be the object of desecration?  Thanks.
>                                                 Laurie

Hmm... Well, Golitsyns were among the richest Russian noblemen, and some
of their estates near Moscow (Arkhangel'skoye and Nikol'skoye-Uryupino 
included) are great creations of architecture. Also it is worth mentioning
that "Poruchik Golitsyn" is one of the two heroes of the song about the
Civil War of 1918-1922 sung both abroad and within the borders of the
Soviet Union. Still my opinion is that the grave was desecrated just because
now it is really difficult to find an undesecrated grave of a nobleman in
a rural area in Russia (most of them were befouled by the so-called 
antireligious movements in the 1920s and in the 1930s), and that poor
guy's grave was one of the few remaining...

I have received several letters about that grisly affair and would
like to give some more comments. The Krom Foundation in Russia, the interests
of which I happen to represent in the US now, is seriously concerned with
the simultaneous growth of Orthodox Christianity (the state tries to use it
as a kind of new ideology template) and the ever-accompanying it dark cults.
There are certain self-proclaimed prophets of I dare not define what
(as an example let me call "Bogorodichnyj Centr") that spread corruption
and poison in the disguise of Christianity. Astrologists and other charlatans
dominate the news broadcasts and give comments in newspapers that once boasted
reliable reputations. I have been denied membership in the Union of Russian
Nobility Descendants because of my Non-Orthodox beliefs, and I know other
people who have met the same atitude. 

All the signs, both in the economic and political life and in the spiritual
affairs show that doomstime for Russia is approaching. Maybe not only the
classics of Marxism were wrong (in their guesses about the "world proletarian
revolution" that won _only_ in one country), and such a thing as a local
World's End, unpredicted by The Apocalypse by John don't remember, may
happen?

Will Doomsday come for Russia only?

In the darkness they will gather, conjuring the One
Burning candles, incantations, human sacrifice
Getting drunk from blood, not wine, pointed daggers shine
Out of fire, smoke and brimstone the Dreaded One will rise!


-- 
---
Thus spake Kalmoth the Dreaded, Bane of the Forests of Gnoy.
From: muh@physics1 (Yury M. Mukharsky)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
Subject: Re: RELAX: Evreyskii anekdot
Date: 14 Dec 1992 00:03:56 GMT
Organization: University of California, Berkeley
NNTP-Posting-Host: physics1.berkeley.edu

In article <1992Dec13.061901.16496@mail.cornell.edu> Mark Lipsits <ml12@cornell.edu> writes:
>
>outburst about "economical Jews"  Please, understand me, I am using a Mac
>which has barely enough memory to run System 7. 

Then why in the hell you are running it?

Yury M.

Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet,talk.politics.soviet
From: dbd@urartu.sdpa.org (David Davidian)
Subject: Re: To Blame the Victim (first response to Alex Chaihorshy)
Organization: S.D.P.A. Center for Regional Studies
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 15:01:37 GMT


Mr. Chaihorshy,

I do not catagorize your words based on you being Azeri. I will respond to
your posting in kind. I certainly don't associate you with the insults and
non-truths posted by your friend, Marc Lipsits. If my response to him seemed
harsh -- they were -- for he insulted an entire group of people and their
history. 


-- 
David Davidian dbd@urartu.sdpa.org "It has been ever thus in all things, son, 
SDPA Center for Regional Studies    Whatever we thrash we give to the wind, 
P.O. Box 382761                     We too have been blown by the world's wind
Cambridge, MA 02238                 The chaff is gone but the grain remains."
From: vadik@cs.umd.edu (Vadim Maslov)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
Subject: Re: Can Yeltsin reelect parlament now?
Date: 18 Dec 92 02:10:11 GMT
Organization: U of Maryland, Dept. of Computer Science, Coll. Pk., MD 20742

In article <BzEsCI.DMB.1@cs.cmu.edu> smir+@CS.CMU.EDU (Yury Smirnov) writes:
>In article <62898@mimsy.umd.edu>, vadik@cs.umd.edu (Vadim Maslov) writes:
>|> In article <Bz9uxs.KH3.1@cs.cmu.edu> smir+@CS.CMU.EDU (Yury Smirnov) writes:
>|> >   No any zeros can help now. Today a new Prime Minister was elected by
>|> >the "qualified majority" - Chernomyirdin. His first words and his
>|> >"chernaya myirda" reminded the blissful time of Party leadership.
>|> >Perhaps, Gaidar wasn't thin too, but he is an educated person !
>|> >Maphia is still strong, KGB ne spit.
>|> 
>|> Sam durak. How can you know who is better for Russia, Gaidar or
>|> Chernomydrin? By listening to American TV and radio? Then you are
>|> dangerously stupid. By the way, even great American TV is in
>|> disagreement on whether fall of Gaidar was good or bad.
>|> Today they ran little talk show on PBS (Lehrer/McNeil News Hour)
>|> from which one can see that some people (half of people who spoke)
>|> feel OK about this new prime minister with difficult-to-pronounce
>|> name. It is, probably, his only big disadvantage.  ....


>   BTW, CMU has SAT, if something serious is happenning in your country,
>you can come to a library and switch on the TV. I posted this information
>after seeing Chernomyirdin's first press-conference which release was posted
>today in scs. 

Don't overestimate Russian TV. Probably it displays, so to say, more
freedom of thought, but, as any vehicle of propaganda, it can be (and, I
think, is) manipulated. 


> His behaviour and answers completely identified his
>"apparatno-partiinoe" origin.

Then, why are you taken back by his "apparatno-partiinoe" origin?
Doesn't Yeltsin have the same origin. Who doesn't have this origin
among `powers that be' now in Russia/xSovok?


>And the new Russian "democracy" is a kind of mafia - the third one, while the 
>first two are sufficiently strong and not separated but to the oposite ...

So you like `democratic mafia' more than `centrist mafia'? Or what?
Corruption, it looks like, reigns supreme under new democrats.
In this respect they don't differ much from old apparatchiks.


>And the absolute absense of his own thoughts in Chernomyirdin's speech showed
>that his is a mannequin, the only question was - who is pulling his threads.

Or it showed that he's cautious guy, and he's looking around,
and doesn't want to reveal his plans at once.
Or, maybe, you want to say that one has thoughts only if he speaks much?


>Speeking about Gaidar:education is a nice thing that cannot be hiden in a pocket 
>for ever. Like Chekhov's rifle it'll shoot once. Now Russia doesn't have even a
>pneumatic pistol. 

Da Vy, baten'ka, chekhovskiy idealist.
Nebos', ser'ezno verite, chto Rossiey kogda-libo budut upravlyat'
kul'turno-obrazovannye lyudi, i vse budet kak u Campanelly.
I sad ne vyrubyat, i kapitalisty navaryatsya, i vse pogolovno budut
mecenatami.



Vadim Maslov.
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
From: verbit@cauchy.mit.edu (Mikahil Verbitski)
Subject: Re: Can Yeltsin reelect parlament now? /Re: Estonian Russian-speakers 2
Organization: MIT Department of Mathematics, Cambridge, MA
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 92 04:06:15 GMT

In article <104545@bu.edu> simon1@bass.bu.edu (Simon Streltsov) writes:
>In article <1992Dec8.202556.20058@galois.mit.edu> verbit@cauchy.mit.edu (Mikahil Verbitski) writes:

>>Unfortunately, to dissolve and reelect the Congress,
>>Yeltsin needs one of the following:
>>(a) to gather 1.000.000 votes from people
>>who want the reelection, or
>So easy? or you missed couple of zeroes?!
>less than 1% of population?
>KGB could do the job with  1/n-th of it's recruiters...

I apologize for a stupid error: he needed 1000.000 signatures from
people to start referendum, not to dissolve a Congress.
Now, since the Law on Referendums was amended he cannot do even
this (and will not, as his last affair with Gaidar being
fired when in his power was to reinstate Gaidar
as premier, shows).

Misha.
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
From: aps@sonia.math.ucla.edu (Alexei Stolboushkin)
Subject: Re: ANECDOTES -- Brezhnev
Organization: UCLA Mathematics Department
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 92 05:59:53 GMT

In article <1992Dec13.152729.29252@dartvax.dartmouth.edu> J.Theodore.Schuerzinger@dartmouth.edu (J. Theodore Schuerzinger) writes:
>Brezhnev khotel kul't lichnosti, kak byla pri Staline -- no u Brezhneva
>ne bylo lichnosti.
>
>--Ted Schuerzinger
>email: .zed@Dartmouth.EDU
>"I should have realized it would be bad vodka when all the label said
>was 'Russian Vodka'."

brovi Leonida Il'icha---eto usiki Iosifa Vissarionovicha, tol'ko na
bolee vysokom urovne.
From: mam18@jaguar.uofs.edu
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
Subject: 'almost idiot'
Date: 17 Dec 92 16:43:31 GMT
Organization: University of Scranton

In article <BzDFwA.45n@max.physics.sunysb.edu>, LANDSBERG@sbhep2.phy.sunysb.edu (Greg Landsberg) writes:

> In <1992Dec16.102230.1@jaguar.uofs.edu> mam18@jaguar.uofs.edu writes:
>> Misha, ili prosto Genii.

> I'm afraid that the rest of the world would consider you as ``pochti genii,
> '' at least I will :-).
> ...
> Greg

That's your right to consider me whatever you want, but
1) don't speak for the rest of the world, and
2) don't think that your opinion is ultimately correct.

Michael Martynov.

P.S. I still like your sense of humor!
P.P.S. It doesn't mean that I agree with you.
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
From: Mark Lipsits <ml12@cornell.edu>
Subject: Re: Blame the Victim... (from Alex Chaihorsky)
X-Xxdate: Mon, 14 Dec 92 00: 04:20 GMT
Nntp-Posting-User: ml12@cornell.edu
Organization: Cornell University
X-Useragent: Nuntius v1.1.1d7
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 00:00:42 GMT

In article <1992Dec14.215409.19702@mail.cornell.edu> Mark Lipsits,
ml12@cornell.edu writes:
>smart, etc. I think that this is wrong. And that is exactly what Mark
>tried to tell you - but you do not listen, you are empowered by hate,
>hate, hate, hate.


Here, I would like to thank Alex for expressing everything I've been
trying to say.
He said it with a lot more eloquence and detail.  I fully support and
agree with everything written in this article.  I am tired of seeing
Armenian nationalists rule the channel, and I am glad that finally the
truth was spoken here.
Mark Lipsits.  Cornell University Engineering ComSci.  AKA
ml12@cornell.edu 
                                        ***Lynah Faithful***
Xref: sparky soc.culture.soviet:11058 soc.culture.europe:10442 talk.politics.soviet:9703
From: alexei@cogsci.ed.ac.uk (Alexei Moiseyev)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet,soc.culture.europe,talk.politics.soviet
Subject: Estonia 16.
Date: 14 Dec 92 17:40:05 GMT
Organization: Centre for Cognitive Science, Edinburgh, UK

Mr.Hietaniemi writes:
In article <15003.2b25eaba@ohstpy.mps.ohio-state.edu>, viznyuk@ohstpy.mps.ohio-state.edu writes:
> 
>>   the matter is that it's not the Russian-speakers who
>> "have the freedom to decide" will they be Estonians citizens
>> or not, but the Estonian goverment officials who will
>> be conducting "language tests" and decide who "qualifies".

>The decision who is eligible for citizenship is not "decided by
>officials" but determined by legal norms.

That's right.  But who, other than those officials make these "norms"?
Definitely NOT Russian speakers, who have been deprived of the right
to partake in the election of legislators.

Whichever way you want to look at it, Serega & Co are right.

>But I am afraid that this is the price that the Russians must pay
>for the fact that Soviet Union occupied the independed Estonia
>in 1940 and this Republic was re-established in 1991.

Here Mr.Hietaniemi goes with his talk of "guilty nations" again.  Why?
Why people who, in most cases had not even been born then
should *pay* for something somebody else did?  And why should
*Russians* pay for the crimes of international Communism, which was
not a Russian National ideology, but something fundamentally opposed
to it.

>with best regards
>Tapani Hietaniemi, Universitas Helsingiensis
>                   urbs fennorum
						With even better regards,
								A.M-T.
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet,talk.politics.soviet,soc.culture.europe
From: sommar@enea.se (Erland Sommarskog)
Subject: Re: Estonia's Russian speakers
Organization: Enea Data AB
Date: Sun, 13 Dec 1992 22:42:28 GMT

Sergei Viznyuk (viznyuk@physics.ucla.edu) writes:
>  In Estonia nearly half of the population has been deprived the
>civil rights only because of their ethnicity and language they speak.

A lie doesn't become true because you repeat it over and over
again. How do you explain that 40.000 Russians had the right
to vote in the recent elections.

You know were very well what the rules were, and they were not 
correlated with language, but with citizenship of 1940. And
since you know these rules, but claim something else you are
nothing but a liar.

-- 
Erland Sommarskog - ENEA Data, Stockholm - sommar@enea.se
Xref: sparky soc.culture.soviet:10957 soc.culture.europe:10380 talk.politics.soviet:9643
From: alexei@cogsci.ed.ac.uk (Alexei Moiseyev)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet,soc.culture.europe,talk.politics.soviet
Subject: Estonia 11
Date: 12 Dec 92 19:03:26 GMT
Organization: Centre for Cognitive Science, Edinburgh, UK

Mr.Hietaniemi writes:
>In article <11949@sorley.ed.ac.uk>, alexei@cogsci.ed.ac.uk (Alexei Moiseyev) 
>writes:

>> Let it be known to Mr.Hietaniemi that an insult does not constitute an answer.

>Thank you. I greatly appreciate this information. Perhaps you should inform
>some Russians about the rules of the game. Actually, I find rather tiring
>to "refute" the theses that the Estonian government would recruit
>putschists and KGB men and old-communists - which have been the
>	most active opponents of the Estonian independency. I find such claims
>rather...silly.




No, it's not "silly".  It's what you call "Realpolitik".





>with best regards
>Tapani Hietaniemi
					With even better regards,
							A.M-T.
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
From: momotaro@cwis.unomaha.edu (Bryan Stack)
Subject: Relcom
Organization: University of Nebraska at Omaha
Date: Fri, 18 Dec 1992 01:42:39 GMT

Can anyone tell me how to read the Relcom messages that are flooding our
Usenet feed lately?  What software is needed to convert it to
recognizable Russian?

--
>>> Bryan Stack, Government Documents Librarian, University Library
University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha NE 68182-0237 USA
Email: momotaro@cwis.unomaha.edu   Phone: 402-554-3258   FAX: 402-554-3215
         One of these days I'm going to stop procrastinating.
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
From: smir+@CS.CMU.EDU (Yury Smirnov)
Subject: Re: RELAX - Porutchik Rjevski!
Organization: Carnegie Mellon University
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 14:25:57 GMT

In article <1992Dec14.131836.1@jaguar.uofs.edu>, mam18@jaguar.uofs.edu writes:
|> In article <Bz3xA1.1p7@fiu.edu>, kilman2y@fiu.edu (Yevgeny Kilman) writes:
|> > Gospoda!
|> > 
|> > Ne uje li vi zabili o porutcheke Rjevskom?
|> > Nadeus' prochest' chto nibud' novoe iz etoi serii
|> > 
|> > Gene.
|> 
|> -- Porutchik, vy verite v liubov'?
|> -- Liubov', he-he, nu kakzhe-s s udovol'stviem-s...
|> -- Da net, ia umeiu v vidu vysokuiu liubov'.
|> -- Na kolokol'ne? Nu kakzhe-s...
|> -- Da net, tak chto by na vsiu zhizn'!
|> -- Sifilisom ne bolel-s!
|> 
|> -- Natasha, vas kogda-nibud' bili veslom po pizde?
|> -- A k chemu vy eto, porutchik?
|> -- Da tak, dlia prodolzheniia razgovora.
|> 
|> 
|> Michael Martynov.

Three classical :

Pervy poezd iz St_Petersburga v Moskvu. V kupe troe - zhenshina, intelligent
i porutchik Rjevsky.

Zhenschina :"Kakaya skorost' !! Mne kazhetsya, chto odna noga v Peterburge,
             drugaya - v Moskve."
Rjevsky    :"Hotel by ya okazat'sya gne-nibud' pod Bologoe."
Intelligent:"Gospoda, a ya tam byil - takaya dyra !"



Edut v kupe chetvero - devochka, devushka, zhenschina i porutchik Rjevsky.
Razgovor zashel o boli.
Devochka :"Ya bezhala po lestnitse, poskol'znulas' i upala. Tak bol'no byilo -
           na vsyu zhizn' zapomnyu."
Devushka :"Nu razve eto bol' ? Vot budesh' shit', prokolesh' sebe naskvoz'
           palets - togda uznaesh', chto takoe nastoyaschaya bol'."
Zhenschina:"Da chto Vy znaete o nastoyaschei boli ! Vot budete rozhat' -
            togda poimyete."
Porutchik obizhenno :"Madam, a Vas bili kogda-nibud' veslom po yaitsam ?"


Natasha Rostova bezhit k mame :
-- Mama, mama, a chto takoe zhopa ?
-- Hmm . A gde ty eto slyishala ?
-- Da vot izvozchik hlestnul loshad' i skazal - nu, zhopa, poehali.
-- A, tak eto loshad' i est'.
Pervy bal Natashi :
-- Bolkonsky, a kakya u Vas zhopa ?
-- Hmm,- tyazhelaya.
-- A u menya seraya i vsya v yablokah !
From: mam18@jaguar.uofs.edu
Newsgroups: soc.culture.soviet
Subject: Re: Will Russia stand beside Serbia?
Date: 20 Dec 92 20:43:05 GMT
Organization: University of Scranton

In article <1992Dec19.215331.8115@polaris.utu.fi>, opaloneva@abo.fi (Olli-Jukka Paloneva) writes:

...deleted...

> Dear fellow-citizens of Russian interest circle and emigrants.
> Do you think that Russia should remember it obligations to
> little brothers of Slavonic family: Bulgaria and Serbia who
> ....
> -olli-

First of all, I have know idea what Russia is going to do with Serbia.  So
far, among U.N. troops, there are Russian and Ukrainian forces; where they
carry the usual mission of such units...  

Now, if you talk about "Slavic brothers", then don't include Bulgaria in this
list, for it's a common mistake to call them Slavic, while they are not Slavs
at all.  The other point is, that Serbs are not the only Slavic people of
x-Yugoslavia.  What about Bosnians and Herzegovinian, along with Croats?  Well,
Croats are Muslim, but they still Slavs, and the obligations of Russia toward
them (I mean Imperial Russia) are the same as toward Serbs.

By the way, I'd like to remind you the history of this obligations.

First of all, in 1794, in the Treaty of Kudzuk-Kainardzhi (sp.?), Catherine the
Greate reserved for Russia the right to be representative of Christian rights
in Ott.Empire (sorry for not using its full name, because I'm affraid of 
some postings from their, which would call me a 'self-admitted lier'...).

This term of the Treaty was used by Russia for >50 years, but in 1856, after
Crimean war, the term was eliminated.  

The next idea was pan-slavinism, which justified new wars with the 'sick 
man of Europe'.  As you can see, there is no single word about religion here,
so Croats, although Muslims, got the same help from Russia as Serbs.

As it is now, Russia isn't interesting about religious origins at all;
therefore, if it is going to 'help Yugoslavia', it has to help everybody.

The problem is that it's impossible to help every side of Yugoslavian war.
That's why, I don't really know what Russia is going to do or can do in
this situation.

Michael Martynov.