From: Guven.Guzeldere%STANFORD.BitNet@pucc.PRINCETON.EDU (hq.ggg)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.turkish
Subject: Saturday's News
Date: 22 Nov 1992 18:49:14 -0600
Organization: UTexas Mail-to-News Gateway
Reply-To: Turkish Cultural Program List <TRKNWS-L%USCVM.BitNet@pucc.PRINCETON.EDU>
NNTP-Posting-Host: cs.utexas.edu

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***    The Turkish American Association of California, a
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***    Ali's, with its Moroccan and Middle-Eastern cuisine, acclaimed
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     Tune to KKUP FM 91.5 for the Orient Express on
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------------------------------------------------------------

    The following news is collected from various news
    sources. None of them are written by the TRH volunteers
    except those that has "TRH" after the date. Murat Erder
    and Murat Sonmez have translated the news items from
    a daily summary of Turkish papers we get here in
    California. Our radio broadcasts usually include all of
    the articles from Turkish papers and/or some of the
    articles that follow the Turkish papers section.

_____________________________________________________________

CRIMINAL PROCEDURS BILL PASSES PARLIAMENT

     11/19/92, CUMHURIYET-- A bill that changes the
procedures of police action during the detainment of
criminal suspects was accepted in the Parliament. The bill
was jointly presented by the two coalition partners, the
True Path Party (DYP) and the Social Democratic Peoples
Party (SHP). The new bill reduces the power of security
forces and is seen as a positive step towards better
individual rights in the country. Members of the two parties
have been arguing over the contents of the bill for months
and finally reached an agreement on the current version
after the bill was previously rejected in the Parliament.

OPERATIONS AGAINST KURDISH REBELS TO CONTINUE
     11/19/92, TURKIYE-- The Joint Chiefs of Staff of
Turkey, Dogan Gures, announced that after the successful
intervention in Northern Iraq against the Kurdish Workers'
Party (PKK), the Turkish military will conduct operations
inside the country's boundaries to further dismantle the
rebel group. Gures said that the Iraqi Kurds will be allowed
to control Northern Iraq. However, he did not outrule future
Turkish military acts in the area. Gures also emphasized
that the struggle against PKK will not be limited to
Southeastern Turkey.

TURKEY UNHAPPY WITH UN EMBARGO
     11/19/92, HURRIYET-- The Turkish Foreign Ministery
voiced it's disappointment with the decision by United
Nations Security Council to tighten the embargo on
Yugoslavia. The spokeswoman for the Ministery said that the
UN decision was too late and too little. Turkey has long
been an advocate of a more tougher stance against the
Yugoslav government to stop the fighting in Bosnia.

PRESIDENTIAL POWERS SUFFER SETBACKS
     11/18/92, CUMHURIYET-- The Cabinet is expected to
approve a bill that will shift almost all economic decisions
to the office of the Prime Minister without requiring
Presidential approval. Another bill that reduces the number
of officials appointed by the President was also introduced
to the Parliament. The government had promised to pass these
"by-pass" legislations after several conflicts had occured
with the President over Cabinet decisions.

FOUR POLICE OFFICERS KILLED IN ISTANBUL
     11/18/92, SABAH-- Four on-duty police officers were
killed in their patrol car during an ambush in the Levent
neighborhood of Istanbul. The left-wing terrorist
organization Dev-Sol took credit for the killings.

OIC GENERAL SECRETARY IN TURKEY
     11/18/92, TURKIYE-- The General Secretary of the
Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC), Hamid El-
Gabid, arrived in Ankara to discuss the latest developments
in Bosnia. Hamid El-Gabid, said that he had recently been in
Bosnia and that the situation in the country was going
towards the worse, especially with winter closing in. The
General Secretary also mentioned that he had been travelling
to several countries to gather support for military action
against the Serbs. El-Gabid, expressed his disappointment
with the latest UN Security Council decision to tighten the
embargo and said that the West was acting very slowly to
stop the fighting in Bosnia.

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT DISCUSSES TURKEY
     11/18/92, HURRIYET-- The European Parliament discussed
a report regarding Turkish - European Community (EC)
relations prepared by the Belgium representative Raymonde
Dury. While Greek representatives requested that Turkish-EC
relations should be totally suspended, it was noticed that
both extreme right and Green Party representatives
criticized Turkey on the Cyprus issue and human rights
abuses. The report supports developing Turkish-EC relations,
but also emphasizes the need for Turkey to improve it's
human rights record.

TURKEY-EFTA MEETING IN ISTANBUL
     11/17/92, MILLIYET-- The joint committee meeting
between Turkey and the European Free Trade Agreement (EFTA)
will take place in Istanbul. It is the first time that the
Committee meeting is being held at a minister level. It is
expected that the Committee will decide on the procedures to
follow during future talks between Turkey and EFTA.

TURKISH ELECTRICITY IN CENTRAL ASIA
     11/17/92, CUMHURIYET-- Turkey will be providing
electricity to Central Asian republics. Bulgaria, Romania
and Albania already use Turkish electricty to supplement
their domestic sources. In an agreement signed in Damascus,
Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Iraq and Eygpt decided to merge their
electricity transport systems by 1997.

NORTHERN CYPRIOT REPUBLIC CELEBRATES ANNIVERSARY
     11/16/92, HURRIYET-- The Northern Cyprus Turkish
Republic celebrated it's ninth anniversary. The republic is
recognized only by Turkey.

FOREIGN MINISTERS OF TURKEY, IRAN AND SYRIA MEET
     11/15/92, CUMHURIYET-- The Foreign Ministers of Turkey,
Iran and Syria got together in Ankara to discuss the latest
developments in the region, particularly in Northern Iraq.
In a joint announcement after the meeting it the three
countries expressed their opposition to any developments
that might result in splitting up the territorial integrity
of Iraq.

TURKEY CRITICIZES AI REPORT
     11/14/92, HURRIYET-- In an announcement made by the
Turkish Foreign Ministery, Amnesty International was
criticized for mentioning the Kurdish Workers' Party (PKK)
as an opposition group. Turkish officials say that all
Western governments have denounced PKK as a terrorist
organization and labelling a group that killed more than
1,300 people in one year as an opposition force is an
insincere attempt to legitimize PKK.

TURKISH FORCES PULLING OUT
     11/14/92, HURRIYET-- Military sources say that Turkish
forces are rapidly pulling out from Northern Iraq. All tanks
and armored personnel carriers (APC) have already left the
region. It was also announced that the Peshmerge (Iraqi
Kurds) forces were taking up positions vacated by the
Turkish forces.

SPORTS RESULTS
     11/19/92, HURRIYET-- The Turkish national basketball
team qualified to compete in the finals of the European
Championship after defeating Holland 85-84. In the
qualifiers for the 1994 World Cup, the Turkish national
soccer team lost to England, 4-0.


GALATASARAY APPEAL AGAINST FINE FOR CROWD TROUBLE REJECTED
    GENEVA, Nov 20, Reuter - An appeal by Turkish soccer
club Galatasaray against a 40,000 Swiss francs ($26,400)
fine for crowd trouble at a UEFA Cup tie last month was
rejected on Friday.
    The European Football Union (UEFA) appeals board upheld
the fine imposed by the control and disciplinary committee
because of incidents involving the Turkish team's fans in
the UEFA Cup second round first leg match against Eintracht
Frankfurt of Germany on October 21.
    Galatasaray supporters had "peacefully" invaded the
pitch twice before the kick-off, set off many fireworks,
threw missiles and caused disturbances in the stands which
required the intervention of the security forces, UEFA said.
    The Turkish side had pleaded for a reduction of the fine
because the disorder had been provoked by Eintracht fans
burning the Turkish flag.
    The security forces had failed to act decisively,
Galatasaray said.
    Galatasaray also claimed the fines totalling 10,000
francs ($6,600) imposed on Eintracht for their fans' part in
the disturbances was too low compared with the Turkish
club's punishment.
    UEFA said that in rejecting the appeal the board had
also taken into consideration that Galatasaray had been
sanctioned on three previous occasions for similar offences.
    The board acknowledged that the burning of the national
flag constituted a major offence, hurting national pride.
    The board's view was it would now be up to the
disciplinary committee to reconsider the original fine on
Eintracht in the light of the new evidence available, a UEFA
statement said.

11/20/92 EXPERIMENTAL SUDDEN-DEATH SHOOT-OUT MAY FEATURE ...

EXPERIMENTAL SUDDEN-DEATH SHOOT-OUT MAY FEATURE IN WORLD CUP
    SYDNEY, Nov 20, Reuter - FIFA's experimental sudden-
death shoot-out plans for eliminating sterile draws from
international soccer may be introduced at the 1994 World Cup
if successful at next year's world youth championship in
Australia.
    The International Football Federation hope sudden death,
in which the first team to score in the usual 30-minute
extra time period wins, will encourge attacking tactics from
coaches otherwise tempted to play for a penalty shoot-out.
    FIFA general secretary Sepp Blatter said in Sydney on
Friday: "This (rule) will invite the coaches when going into
extra time to try to win the match and not to go for penalty
kicks so that they are not blamed for any defeat."
    Turkey were one of the first sides to benefit from the
new rule, which was tested by the European Soccer Union
(UEFA) at this year's European Youth championship finals.
Turkey beat Portugal in the final with a sudden-death goal
after 10 minutes of extra-time.
    Under the experimental rules, which FIFA president Joao
Havelange announced on Tuesday would be introduced at a
world tournament for the first time, knockout stage matches
level at the end of extra time are still decided on
penalties.
    Guido Tognoni, FIFA's public relations officer, said:
"We still have the feeling that the penalty shoot-out is
part of the game. World football is used to it, but we want
to try to play the game more offensively.
    "The under-20 World Youth championship is the second
most important tournament and as we would not want to
experiment in the World Cup, this is the ideal place to
witness this test."
    Tognoni said if the experiment was successful it would
be considered for the World Cup in the United States.
    Defending world youth champions Portugal were matched
with Germany, Uruguay and an African team yet to be decided
when the draw for the tournament next March was made on
Friday.
    European champions Turkey were drawn with England, South
Korea and the United States.
    The two African teams will be decided in early February.
    Draw:
    Group A (in Sydney and Canberra) - Australia, Colombia,
Russia, second African nation.
    Group B (in Brisbane) - Portugal, Germany, Uruguay,
first African nation.
    Group C (in Melbourne) - England, Turkey, South Korea,
United States.
    Group D (in Adelaide) - Brazil, Mexico, Norway, Saudi
Arabia.

      PRESSURE MOUNTS IN GERMANY TO HALT MILITARY AID TO
TURKEY
    BONN (NOV. 15) - Germany is coming under strong pressure
from human rights campaigners to halt all police and
military aid to Turkey. Next to the United States, Germany
is Turkey's single largest supplier of weapons.
    During the Gulf War, triggered by Iraq's invasion of
Kuwait, Ankara obtained 200 prestigious Leopard tanks from
Bonn. According to official figures, during the 1980s,
Germany provided Turkey with police and military aid worth
about 1.4 billion dollars.
    Spearheading the campaign are the opposition Social
Democratic Party (SPD) and the eastern German grouping
Alliance 90/The Greens in the federal parliament
(Bundestag). They have now obtained support from the human
rights group Amnesty International.
    Secretary-General Volkmar Deile says the evidence is
clear. "We have gathered ample eyewitness reports which say
tanks and other military hardware from Germany are regularly
deployed in police, para-military and military action
against the Kurdish people, including civilians," he said.
    In a report on Turkey published on Wednesday, Amnesty
International said political killings had increased, the
government was using its security forces to torture people
and that Bonn shared responsibility for human rights
violations.
    "There is nothing conclusive in eyewitness reports which
speak of a regular and systematic use of German military
equipment," said a government spokesperson, who did not wish
to be identified. "Although we know very well that the
Turkish government does not take human rights seriously."
    "Is the German government blind and deaf or is it simply
lying?" said SPD member of parliament Hans Wallow.
    Alliance 90/The Greens spokesperson Heinz Suhr said the
Amnesty report should suffice to remove even the slightest
doubts and called for an "immediate cancellation" of Bonn's
aid.
    However, according to letters exchanged between the
Turkish Foreign Minister Hikmet Cetin and his German
counterpart Klaus Kinkel there is disagreement over what
"misuse" actually means.
    In a letter of Jun 2 to Cetin, Kinkel expressed the hope
that "the Turkish armed forces will make use of the arms
supplies by Germany only for purposes that are in conformity
with the NATO treaty."
    Cetin responded that when putting the weapons to use,
Turkey will abide by the new strategic concept of NATO.
    What Kinkel was apparently referring to was Article 5 of
the 1949 NATO Treaty which limits deployment of arms for
securing the national borders.
    But Cetin had in mind paragraph 13 of the 1991 NATO
concept agreed in Rome, according to which the security of a
country can also be jeopardised by "acts of terror and
sabotage." This, he implied, is what action by the Kurdistan
Workers' Party (PKK) is tantamount to.
    Bonn is aware of this difference in interpretation, but
prefers not to make much noise. Already, there is a public
row between Bonn and Ankara stemming from the showing last
March of television pictures with armoured vehicles from the
stocks of the eastern German 'National People's Army'.
    Military aid was subsequently suspended, the then German
defence minister Gerhard Stoltenberg resigned and was
succeeded by Volker Ruehe. Soon after, with Turkey promising
to abide by the NATO Treaty, aid started flowing again.
    "We cannot throw agreements overboard overnight," said a
government official. "But Ruehe left no doubt during his
Nov. 2-3 visit to Ankara that Bonn will not tolerate the
misuse of German weapons supplied within the framework of
the NATO."
    The German media then quoted Ruehe saying "Turkey has
the right to fight back against PKK terrorism by lawful
means -- but certainly not with German weapons."
    But even Ruehe's handling of the matter is
contradictory, said Charima Reinhardt, an analyst at the
'Frankfurter Rundschau' daily newspaper.
    "If it was up to the defence minister, Turkey would not
get any military aid from 1995 onwards, only advanced
training for army officers and economic aid -- the idea
being to encourage democracy," she said.
    "The idea of cultivating Turkey as an ally, even when
human rights are not taken seriously there, is not only to
do with military strategy. There are solid political reasons
behind it."
    Indeed, in recent statements, both Kinkel and Ruehe have
emphasised that Turkey is "an important connecting link to
the Islamic world."

    SYRIA, IRAN AND TURKEY MEET TO DISCUSS KURDS AND
SECURITY
    ISTANBUL (NOV. 15) - The Kurdish question and matters of
security are expected to be high on the agenda of a regional
foreign ministers meeting in Ankara this weekend.
    Significantly, Iraq has not been invited to attend the
two-day three-nation summit involving high-ranking officials
from Iran, Syria and Turkey. Saudi Arabia had been invited,
but subsequently declined for reasons that have not been
made public.
    The snubbing of Baghdad has raised consternation across
borders although the Iraqi ambassador in Ankara has tried to
play down the issue. Last week Raffi el Tigriti formally
asked the Turkish foreign ministry for an explanation on the
issue, and apparently got a satisfactory answer.
    "We have no doubts concerning the goodwill of Turkey,"
the Iraqi ambassador subsequently said. "Moreover they have
reassured us that they will keep us informed about the
developments."
    But the Iraqi daily Babel -- published by the family of
Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein was not as charitable: "The
sick men of the crippled Americans --Turkey, Iran and Syria
-- are trying to act out the American conspiracy against
Iraq. Baghdad will be able to defeat the attempts to violate
its integrity."
    Retired Turkish diplomat, Mahmut Dikerdem, is also
disappointed that Iraq was not invited. "Now Iraq is
completely justified in its reactions. Perhaps she was
excluded, because the issue involves, even if indirectly,
"Poised Hammer."
    Indeed "Poised Hammer" -- an allied force operation
based in southeastern Turkey -- as well as the Kurdish
situation, will be the key topics of discussion on Nov. 14
and 15.
    Last month's declaration of a Kurdish state in northern
Iraq and the subsequent civil war between Iraqi Kurds and
Turkish Kurds of the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) guerrilla
group, have raised international concerns about the future
of the minority Kurdish population in the region.
    The Turkish government -- itself anxious to get rid of
the PKK once and for all -- took the side of the Iraqi Kurds
in the war, and is continuing its crackdown even now in
northern Iraq and in the southeastern regions of Turkey.
    For the most part, the West has looked on impassively
although the rapid deployment forces going by the name of
"Poised Hammer" have from time made clear their presence
with reconnaissance flights over the disputed region.
    Made up of troops withdrawn from Iraq after the Gulf
war, the operation was set up in July 1991, following
several air attacks by the Saddam Hussein regime on the
besieged Kurds.
    The 2,000 strong operation includes U.S., French,
British and Turkish fighter planes based in Adana; as well
as a 62-member Central Coordination Council in Pirincilik,
Diyarbakir. In all, "Poised Hammer" has 48 foreign and eight
Turkish fighter planes at its disposal, as well as 20
support aircraft and 10 helicopters.
    The allied forces were initially scheduled to leave the
region in July, however, the Turkish government agreed to
allow the operation to remain until Dec. 31.
    The Kurds have made it clear that they favor the
presence of the military forces in the region, however,
Ankara is becoming increasingly worried that the presence of
the allied forces will allow for more autonomy for the Kurds
of the region.
    Chief of General Staff Dogan Gures was also unhappy with
the reconnaissance flights by the Allied forces during the
army's crackdown on the PKK guerrillas.
    Similarly, Gen. Oktay Karasoy who is a member of the
general staff voiced his concerns this week about the
growing possibility of an independent state with the
prolonged stay of the allied forces.
    At the same time he and others note that it would be
against Turkey's interest -- relations-wise -- to ask the
allied forces to leave. Dikerdem, the Turkish diplomat
observed: "Poised Hammer does more good than harm to the
government. It is quite closely linked with sustaining good
relations with the United States."
    And speaking along similar lines, former U.S. ambassador
to Turkey, Morton Abramowitz, was quoted this week in the
Turkish daily Sabah as saying: "This is more of an
ideological issue. The stay of the Poised Hammer represents
Turkey's links to the Western world. Therefore the removal
of Poised Hammer will be perceived as a choice...against the
West."
    Nevertheless, Asim Karaomerlioglu, a political historian
from Bogazici University stressed that Turkey will not allow
itself to be viewed as a pawn of the West. "In spite of
close ties with the West a relatively independent Turkish
attitude must not be underestimated when national interests
are at stake. The intervention in Cyprus is an example."
    Karaomerlioglu adds: "The security of its eastern
borders have always been an issue of maximum priority for
Turkey since the establishment of the republic in 1923. And
with its 10 million Kurds longing for self-determination, an
independent Kurdish state neighboring Turkey on the east
might be the last thing a Turkish statesman would want to
hear about."



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