HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: 5916rahmank@vms.csd.mu.edu ( )
Newsgroups: sci.materials
Subject: Re: SEM of lithium?
Date: 23 Dec 1992 15:33:55 GMT
Organization: Department of EECE, Marquette University
Reply-To: 5916rahmank@vms.csd.mu.edu
NNTP-Posting-Host: vmsf.csd.mu.edu

In article <BznzK5.JFH@creare.com>, kwg@creare.com (Kent Goeking) writes:
>
>   I would like to hear if anyone has any experience in preparing moisture
>sensitive samples for SEM examination.  In particular I would like to
>examine the interface between a piece of lithium and a polymer electrolyte
>to understand the interface phenomena that is responsible for degredation
>in lithium based batteries.
>
>   Unfortunately, lithium reacts vigerously with water and the moisture
>present in the air would destroy any interesting interface microstructures
>before I got a chance to look at them.  Is it possible to prepare the
>sample in-situ?  I mean while in the SEM vacuum chamber?  Any ideas or
>reference suggestions appreciated.
>
>Thanks,
>
>Kent Goeking
>Creare Inc.
>kwg@creare.com  
-----------------------------------------------------

	I donno how to prepare sample in such a situation, and curious
	to know. But to look at the interface, I think, SEM resolution
	may not be high enough. For interfacial studies you may have to
	resort to the TEM, the high resolution ones, that let you look
	at the lattice level.

	-Anis.
Newsgroups: sci.materials
From: swami@chtm.eece.unm.edu (Swami srinivasan)
Subject: Need to make a glass surface rough ...
Date: Sat, 26 Dec 92 22:53:31 GMT
Organization: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
Followup-To: swami@chtm.eece.unm.edu, swami@triton.unm.edu


I need to make a 50 microns x 1000 microns section of glass surface
ROUGH. I have  a mask with the required dimensions. Most etchants are
"smooth", and I suspect the common HF based etchants are, too. Are there
any wet chemical etchants that can be used? 
					I also have access to RIE
and RIBE systems, but cannot think of any obvious ways to use them to
make a rough surface - so far, we have always wanted a smooth etch!
We have a full-fledged cleanroom with the usual equipment, so we should
be able to try out most  suggestions, including uncertain leads.

We are trying to make a low reflectivity strip on a mirror. This 
will be used in an external cavity configuration. Initially we thought
of making crossed diffraction gratings, but there will still be a zero
order reflection.. and grating fabrication is a little involved. Hence
we are trying to find ways to make the surface diffusive using some 
form of etching, with the dimensions decided by photolithography.

Any suggestions will be helpful. Thanks!

							     swami

=======================================================================
swaminathan srinivasan
center for high tech materials
eece,university of new mexico,
albuquerque, nm 87131, usa			swami@chtm.eece.unm.edu
========================================================================
						
Newsgroups: sci.materials
From: dabbott@augean.eleceng.adelaide.edu.AU (Derek Abbott)
Subject: Absorption Length in materials
Organization: Electrical and Electronic Eng., University of Adelaide
Date: Fri, 18 Dec 1992 06:04:54 GMT


Does anyone know why the curve of Absorption Length of light in silicon versus
the light wavelength has two dips in it between 200 and 400nm wavelenghths?

The curve for gallium arsenide also has two dips, somewhere between 200 & 500nm.
Do other materials exhibit this behaviour?

My guess is that the dips have something to do with surface states
-- but why *two* distinct dips?


Any references?
From: yuanj@ucbeh.san.uc.edu
Newsgroups: sci.materials
Subject: Re: TEM samples
Date: 23 Dec 92 22:34:07 EST
Distribution: usa,world
Organization: Univ. of Cincinnati

In article <009657AA.10D74A80@vms.csd.mu.edu>, 5916rahmank@vms.csd.mu.edu ( ) writes:
> 
> 	Sushil,
> 
> 		Dicing saw may not be a good thing to use to cut non-metallic
> 	samples. Instead, you may use a diamond wafering blade with water as
> 	the cutting fluid. If you are going to make TEM samples, you need
> 	lot less thicker sample than 15 mil. It is wiser to cut a little
> 	thicker and then polish it to thin.
               Usually, for brittle materials, you need to use what is called
ion-mill to thin the sample down to your desired thickness, which is less than
10 micron I think.
		The ion-mill is a ion bombardment system.  Argon atoms are
ionized and accelerated to the sample, therefore kicking off the materials very
slowly.
		Hope this helps.

J. Yuan
Newsgroups: sci.materials
From: tyadav@athena.mit.edu (T.Y.)
Subject: Re: What could this be..........?
Organization: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Date: Sun, 3 Jan 1993 17:14:33 GMT

===================================================================
 Thanks to everyone who responded. Reading the answers, I guess, I
 have to be more specific. I am working on the flame process of
 making fullerenes. We have flames with fullerene yields exceeding
 20% by soot basis (Read latest special fullerene issue of _Carbon_).
 I now have this urge to play with effect of fields on the product
 structure/distribution. With this background, here are more
 constraints for the material I am looking for:
>==========================
>
> Are there materials,
> that are insulators at room temperature,
> and conductors at high temperatures?
> AND can remain intact and conductive at peak temperatures of 3800 F (2200 C)?
> Could electric field be suspended in space with electrodes of this material?
>
> If you know something, just press R. (or F, if you prefer).

 The environment is a hydrocarbon/oxygen flame. So the material has
 to be resistant to oxidizing environment.
 Assume that I can machine (or play some deposition games) the material
 into electrodes of desirable shape. This electrode would be in/near the
 oxidizing environment. Not only should the electrode not react, the electrode 
 should not be a heat sink - to avoid thermal modification of reaction.
 So to keep life interesting, the attempt would be to pass enuf current
 to keep the electrode as an ohmic heat source.....
 Such a polite interference should help keep the reaction path uniquely
 affected by the field.

 So, now, make your guess... :)

T.Y.
----
tyadav@athena.mit.edu
Newsgroups: sci.materials
From: leonard@qiclab.scn.rain.com (Leonard Erickson)
Newsgroups: sci.crypt
Subject: Re: Motorola 'Secure-Clear' Cordless Telephones
Date: 2 Jan 93 17:45:22 GMT
Article-I.D.: qiclab.1993Jan2.174522.12032
Reply-To: Leonard.Erickson@f51.n105.z1.fidonet.org
Distribution: na
Organization: SCN Research/Qic Laboratories of Tigard, Oregon.

tim@ais.org (Tim Tyler) writes:

>     Hmmm...  I went to the Motorola Secure Clear cordless phone
>display at a Sears store, took a deep breath, & hit the demo button
>in order to hear what the "scrambled noise" which would protect a
>conversation from eavesdropping sounded like.  
>     White-noise like that of a digital data stream? Rapid analog
>time-domain scrambling?  No, the scrambled "noise" sounded like
>inverted analog voice.  That's right, they're using the 40 or 50
>year old (3kHz baseband) speech inversion system --the same one
>which they stopped marketing for their commercial two-way radio
>gear about a decade ago-- to make Lee Trevino & other ignorant
>people's "private conversations stay private."
>     
>     For those of you not familiar with speech inversion, it simply
>flip-flops the voice spectrum so that high pitched sounds are low,
>& vice versa.  It sounds a lot like Single Side Band (SSB)
>transmissions, although an SSB receiver will not decode speech-
>inversion scrambling.  Prior to 1986, several companies -- Don
>Nobles, Capri Electronics, etc. sold inexpensive kits or scanner
>add-ons which could be used to decode speech inversion.  Several

And according to several histories of cyprtology I've seen, one of the
reasons the US & Britian *quit* using frequency inversion scramblers
for calls between Churchill and Roosevelt was that the techs working
on the system reported that with practice it became possible to understand
the inverted speech! 

Can you say "oops!"? 

I can't verify this, but similar things are well established, so I'd
not consider frequency inversion to be *at all* secure.
-- 
Leonard Erickson		      leonard@qiclab.scn.rain.com
CIS: [70465,203]			 70465.203@compuserve.com
FIDO:   1:105/51	 Leonard.Erickson@f51.n105.z1.fidonet.org
(The CIS & Fido addresses are preferred)
Newsgroups: sci.crypt
From: jgarland@kean.ucs.mun.ca
Subject: Re: PKP/RSA comments on PGP legality: AntiAmericanism
Organization: Memorial University. St.John's Nfld, Canada
Date: Tue, 22 Dec 1992 16:42:47 GMT

In article <1992Dec21.075152.13537@netcom.com>, 
strnlght@netcom.com (David Sternlight...
> Jyrki (apt name) posts another anti-U.S. screed in which he says that
> I must have been referring to violence done by the U.S. government
> when I talk about lives lost or saved by cryptography during the war.
> 
> I was not. I was talking about lives lost at Pearl Harbor, lives
> saved at Midway, and lives saved by Enigma and Purple decrypts, 

!!!!

German submariners and Japanese sailors may have a different point of view 
here...esp. in terms of 'lives saved' at Midway etc.   [Please note that
I'm an American as well...but death is death and cipher/codebreaking in war
often _causes_ it.  It's nice when it's the enemy's and not yours, but 
it's still death.]  And we did (rightly, I affirm) cause it to happen. So 
where is he wrong?  

My point is that you don't have to be anti-American to state that 
superior--often American--technology in war is a killer.  [Hell, 
ask Lee/Longstreet.  They'll tell you.]

John Garland
jgarland@kean.ucs.mun.


Xref: sparky sci.crypt:6186 alt.security.pgp:424
From: gordon@sneaky.lonestar.org (Gordon Burditt)
Newsgroups: sci.crypt,alt.security.pgp
Subject: Re: PKP/RSA comments on PGP legality
Date: 25 Dec 92 19:37:10 GMT
Organization: Gordon Burditt

>In Europe, where I have never argued RSA's patents apply, and I have
>never argued the U.S. Munitions laws apply, I argue the ethics of
>taking an invention without compensation.  Like most such discussions
>here, these arguments have evolved as we learn from each other. That
>argument also applies in the U.S.

Have you compensated the inventors, or heirs of inventors, for 
your use of these inventions I'm sure you have used?

- the wheel
- fire
- electricity
- the English language (or any language)
- the lever
- money
- the internal combustion engine
- the telephone
- the computer
- mathematics
- television


					Gordon L. Burditt
					sneaky.lonestar.org!gordon
From: erc@unislc.uucp (Ed Carp)
Subject: LUC vs. RSA
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.1 PL6]
Organization: Unisys Corporation SLC
Date: Tue, 29 Dec 1992 00:20:27 GMT

Anyone seen the article in the January 1993 Dr. Dobb's about LUC?  It's supposed
to be more secure than RSA, and it was developed in Australia (which means it
isn't hamstrung by the silly ITAR)...

I haven't analyzed the algorithms yet, but I thought I'd mention it here and
invite comment, pro or con.
-- 
Ed Carp			erc@apple.com, erc@saturn.upl.com	801/538-0177

Who and what would you be if you went beyond your deepest fears?
Newsgroups: sci.crypt,alt.security.pgp
From: smb@research.att.com (Steven Bellovin)
Subject: export rules -- a new wrinkle
Date: Wed, 23 Dec 1992 02:22:18 GMT
Organization: AT&T Bell Laboratories

I was ftp'ing some stuff from gatekeeper.decwrl.com, and saw an
interesting motd.ftp file:

     EXPORT CONTROL NOTE: Non-U.S. ftp users are required by law to follow U.S.
     export control restrictions, which means that if you see some DES or
     otherwise controlled software here, you should not grab it.  Look at
     00README.export-control (in every directory, more or less) to learn more.
     (If your the treaty between your country and the United States did not
     require you to respect U.S. export control restrictions, then you would
     not have Internet connectivity to this host.  Check with your U.S. embassy
     if you want to verify this.)

Since there's no U.S. embassy in New Jersey, I'll have to let someone else
check it out...
Newsgroups: sci.crypt
From: UC445585@mizzou1.missouri.edu (John M. Kelsey)
Subject: PKP patents (legal question)
Organization: University of Missouri
Date: Thu, 24 Dec 92 00:26:07 CST

   Does PKP hold patents to *all* forms of public-key cryptology, including
those methods still undiscovered?  Or do they simply hold the patent to
all public key methods currently known?  Or neither?
From: unruh@physics.ubc.ca (William Unruh)
Newsgroups: sci.crypt
Subject: Re: sci.crypt.research
Date: 30 Dec 1992 09:09:01 GMT
Organization: The University of British Columbia
Distribution: world
NNTP-Posting-Host: physics.ubc.ca

vporguen@unlinfo.unl.edu (victor porguen) writes:

>Precisely. And no need for any kind of "moderation", either.
>Most of us are grown ups.
Speak for yourself :)

And cme@ellisun.sw.stratus.com (Carl Ellison) writes

>The reiteration of old ideas -- the eternal conflict between value systems
>-- belongs in a talk.* group, not in a sci.* group.
...

>sci.crypt a moderator who would refuse to permit any reiteration of a
>position already seen in the group, it would get back to its proper 1
>message a day or less.
What about us newbies who've never had the joy of iterating the
position, or even seeing it. Surely your not going to force every one to
wade throught 5 years of archived drivel before they can join? Besides the drivel
level here seems lower that say in sci.physics.

But yes, a moderated sci.crypt.serious group would be a good idea, with
the moderator pushing discussions, reiterations, flames etx into
sci.crypt. (Not that I'd want to be moderator- are there volunteers?)


Newsgroups: sci.crypt
From: UC445585@mizzou1.missouri.edu (John M. Kelsey)
Subject: Subject lines and flames/politics
Organization: University of Missouri
Date: Mon, 28 Dec 92 04:12:35 CST

   Until sci.crypt.research is formed (if it is), could I suggest that we
all put something in our subject lines to tell potential readers whether
or not to hit the delete key?  Something like "PGP risks (legal)"
could let the reader know we're not discussing weaknesses of PGP's encryption
algorithms.
   I support the new group formation.
Newsgroups: sci.crypt,alt.security.pgp
From: bontchev@fbihh.informatik.uni-hamburg.de (Vesselin Bontchev)
Subject: Re: PKP/RSA comments on PGP legality
Reply-To: bontchev@fbihh.informatik.uni-hamburg.de
Organization: Virus Test Center, University of Hamburg
Date: 21 Dec 92 14:21:51 GMT

strnlght@netcom.com (David Sternlight) writes:

> The way around that, of course, would be for someone in the U.S.
> to reprogram it using RSAREF. I understand a team is working on that.

Now, that would be a great idea... Privided that PKP allows RSAREF to
be used for that purpose; have you read their license? Meanwhile, it
might be helpful of somebody posts the specifications of RSAREF...

Regards,
Vesselin
-- 
Vesselin Vladimirov Bontchev          Virus Test Center, University of Hamburg
Tel.:+49-40-54715-224, Fax: +49-40-54715-226      Fachbereich Informatik - AGN
< PGP 2.1 public key available on request. > Vogt-Koelln-Strasse 30, rm. 107 C
e-mail: bontchev@fbihh.informatik.uni-hamburg.de    D-2000 Hamburg 54, Germany
Newsgroups: sci.crypt,alt.security.pgp
From: strnlght@netcom.com (David Sternlight)
Subject: Re: PGP use Ethical and Legal Questions
Organization: Netcom - Online Communication Services (408 241-9760 guest)
Date: Wed, 23 Dec 1992 21:05:11 GMT


Miller appears not to have read the RSAREF license agreement, which
has been posted at least twice in the past two days.

It permits speed-up recoding of RSAREF, as well as porting to
other machines. It requires permission to recode to change the
user interface of RSAREF, and says reasonable requests will
be granted.

-- 
David Sternlight
RIPEM key on server
Newsgroups: sci.crypt
From: caronni@nessie.cs.id.ethz.ch (Germano Caronni)
Subject: Re: sci.crypt.science
Organization: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, CH
Date: Mon, 28 Dec 1992 00:20:54 GMT

In article <Bzru3E.1I4@chinet.chi.il.us> schneier@chinet.chi.il.us (Bruce Schneier) writes:
>Anyone besides me sick of all the political discussions?  How about splitting
>this into sci.crypt.science and sci.crypt.politics?  Or booting all of the
>political talk to alt.security--and having someone moderate this newsgroup to
>ensure compliance?  My kill file is bulging.

I support the split. 
I do not support moderation...

	gec
-- 
Instruments register only through things they're designed to register.
Space still contains infinite unknowns.

Germano Caronni    caronni@nessie.cs.id.ethz.ch
From: pfarrell@gmuvax2.gmu.edu (Pat Farrell)
Subject: Why PTO doesn't get it, was Re: Legal Stuff!
Followup-To: comp.org.eff.talk
Summary: PTO salaries and recruiting
Organization: George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA 
Date: Tue, 29 Dec 1992 00:33:26 GMT


Glenn Tenney brings up a very good point: Why do we expect the
PTO to understand many of the issues of software, mathematics,
and algorithms. The PTO has a very hard time recruiting and
keeping talented folks. 
 
I live in the DC suburbs for a simple reason: I grew up here
and all my family is here because my dad worked for 
the PTO as an examiner from the late 30s until he retired 
in the late 70s. He was a GS13 at the time. He had a BS in
engineering and 30+ years of experience searching the
shoeboxes (that hold the patents). A GS13 is now about $52,000.
That may be a lot of money in some cities, but it does not
reflect the cost of living in DC.

Housing prices in the DC area are up there with suburban NYC
and California. My ten year old house, four bedroom center
hall colonial, inside the Beltway, is assessed by the tax man
at $320,000. A GS13 could not afford to buy it. In fact,
nearly every couple in the area has two incomes so they can 
buy a house.  I probably would have a hard time buying my own
house, and I have 20 years of experience and make much more
than a GS13. 

I have a day job working for AMS, a fairly large software
firm. AMS hires lots (hundreds per year) of college grads. 
Starting salaries are in the high 20s and low 30s. The 
new hires expect 8% a year, and after four years, salaries 
in the low $50s are possible for stars.  There is no chance 
that the PTO can pay a four year out of school examiner 
competitive salaries.

Of course there is more security in a government postion, but
few fresh grads care about that. So the PTO has a real hard time
recruiting. They have the usual fast track, where you start as
a GS7, and do a GS9, 11, 12, 13 jump over about 8 years, but
then it stops. Non-supervisory GS14s are very rare. And
supervisory positions at the GS14 and above level get political
de facto, even if they are not strictly political
appointments. How interested would you be to have a job that
was not respected by most of your peers and have a fixed upper
limit on your income after less than ten years?

It saddens me to hear all the PTO bashing about software
patents. I don't think the problems are caused by the hard
working employees of the PTO. There are more complex reasons
why we are in this mess, and I think we should start looking 
for solutions that can be realisticaly implemented. Viable
solutions start with rethinking the fundamental assumptions of
software patents. Helpful steps may be as simple as moving 
the whole PTO to a city where the salaries are competitive.

// Followups to comp.org.eff.talk, not sci.crypt!

Pat

Pat Farrell,      Grad Student                       pfarrell@cs.gmu.edu
Department of Computer Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA
#include standard.disclaimer
From: pcl@ox.ac.uk (Paul C Leyland)
Newsgroups: sci.crypt
Subject: non-US crypt(3)
Date: 22 Dec 92 14:45:40 GMT
Organization: Oxford University Computing Services, 13 Banbury Rd Oxford OX2
	6NN


Someone mentioned that DES is freely exportable from the US if its
only purpose was for authentication (sorry, I don't have the article
saved).  The claim was made that crypt(3) in Unix parlance is not
usable as an encryption tool, only for password verification.

Anyone who believes this should probably download /etc/passwd by
anon-ftp from black.ox.ac.uk and, while they're about it, get hold of
/src/security/crack41.tar.Z

On my DEC5500, I can encrypt at 300 baud with DEC's crypt().  Using
Michael Glad's UFC code, written outside the US it is true, I can
manage 9600 baud.  Decryption is a bit slower.


In case this attempt at humour is too subtle for some of you, I
suggest you track down a copy of the Berferd paper, also available
from black.ox.ac.uk


Paul (who's in a silly mood because it's almost Xmas and is looking
forward to a two-week break)


--
Paul Leyland <pcl@oxford.ac.uk>          | Hanging on in quiet desperation is
Oxford University Computing Service      |     the English way.
13 Banbury Road, Oxford, OX2 6NN, UK     | The time is come, the song is over.
Tel: +44-865-273200  Fax: +44-865-273275 | Thought I'd something more to say.
Finger pcl@black.ox.ac.uk for PGP key    |
Newsgroups: sci.crypt,alt.security.pgp
From: strnlght@netcom.com (David Sternlight)
Subject: Re: PKP/RSA comments on PGP legality
Organization: Netcom - Online Communication Services (408 241-9760 guest)
Date: Wed, 23 Dec 1992 01:58:07 GMT


In article <1992Dec22.224103.16953@shearson.com> pmetzger@snark.shearson.com 
(Perry E. Metzger) writes:
>
>You owe Jyrki an apology. If you do not apologise for this statement,
>you shal reveal yourself to be nothing less than a hypocrite who
>complains about the behavior of others while himself engaging in it.
>
In addition to his other erroneous messages, to which I'm not going
to reply because I'm not repeating old substance--let Metzger read--
Metzger posts this bit of nastiness. Once more it shows
that he's not reading but just spewing forth. I acknowledged the
lapse in making a play on Jyrki's first name and expressed regrets
about a day ago in a public post, as well as privately to Jyrki.

But Metzger isn't interested in a serious discussion--just in making
himself right and others wrong. He can say what he likes-- I won't
respond further to such as he.

David
Newsgroups: sci.crypt,alt.society.civil-liberty
From: strnlght@netcom.com (David Sternlight)
Subject: Re: Limits on the Use of Cryptography?
Organization: Netcom - Online Communication Services (408 241-9760 guest)
Date: Sun, 3 Jan 1993 19:44:25 GMT

In article <1993Jan3.165050.27910@zip.eecs.umich.edu> positron@quip.eecs.umich.edu (Jonathan Haas) writes:
>In article <2229.517.uupcb@grapevine.lrk.ar.us> jim.wenzel@grapevine.lrk.ar.us (Jim Wenzel)  writes:
>>
>>    Since laws will probably be drafted concerning the use of cryptology
>>    how would you want such a law  to read if you had the opportunity to
>>    shape it.
>>                                                                          
>
>Well, if the government passes a registration law, and demands that I hand
>them my private key, I will politely tell it to kiss my ass.

In general this can have consequences other than a Joan of Arc trial,
which some seem to have in mind. The Government has many ways to
make people do what it wants. A simple example: in California
one must give one's Social Security Number to get a driver's license.
No SSN, no license. One can always spend a lot of money on attorney's
fees to sue the State, but likely to little avail and in any case
at a cost of time and money better used elsewhere.

Thus if one objects to the notion that the government might pass
a registration law, the time to object is in advance, and to one's
legislators, and not via brave talk about prying keys from one's
cold, dead hand.

-- 
David Sternlight
RIPEM Public Key on server  --  Consider it an envelope for your e-mail

Newsgroups: sci.crypt,alt.security.pgp