HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: pjl@cs.uiuc.edu (Paul Lucas)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Re: Experiences installing 7.1
Date: 11 Dec 92 18:44:29 GMT
Article-I.D.: cs.Bz3yq5.A3p
Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

In <D2150056.ks0240@erics.infoserv.com> erics@infoserv.com (Eric S. Smith) writes:


>smt1179@ritvax.isc.rit.edu (Tom Thatcher) writes:

>> moofie@apple.com (Steve Klingsporn) writes:

>> >Just checking, but you _did_ do a _clean install,_ right?
>> >It's not really all that cool to do an install _over_ existing system
>> >software.

>> Excuse me, but what _exactly_ is a clean install?  Are we supposed
>> to remove our old system (i.e. trash) before launching the installer?
>> And if so, how does the installer know which fonts, printer drivers,
>> and networking options we want?
>> 
>> I have been under the impression that the installer looks at what you've
>> got, deletes the old stuff, and puts in the new stuff, preserving your
>> DA's, prefs, INITS, etc.

>I thought the conventional wisdom has always been that one should first
>save off any fonts and sounds that have been added to the System *file*,
>then trash both the System and Finder *files* before doing an install
>of new system software.

*****>	Totally unnecessary; one of the _points_ of doing an install
	is so that the fonts and sounds will be carried over to the
	new system.
-- 
	- Paul J. Lucas				University of Illinois	
	  AT&T Bell Laboratories		at Urbana-Champaign
	  Naperville, IL			pjl@cs.uiuc.edu
From: John.Seeger@p931.f70.n109.z1.fidonet.org (John Seeger)
Sender: Uucp@blkcat.UUCP
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Can't throw away file even w/option key
Date: Sat, 12 Dec 1992 23:05:29 -0500

  JB> Can't throw away file even w/option key held down. I deleted all text
  JB> in it, locked and unlocked it, put and took out comments. Nada. Jeff.

I had a very similar situation and it turned out when I looked the file info
with ResEdit the file was marked open.  I was unable to unmark it open meaning
I would uncheck the open file box and then reopen the file info and it was open
again.  I reformatted my diskette tooget rid of it and upon reformatting I was
told "bad disk" and the formatting stopped.  I had previously taken the files
off of the diskette so I had everything from it :(  The reason I started
looking
at this diskette was it had a bandaid on it when I inserted it indicating it
was
a damaged diskette, yet I could put files on it and read them from it.....
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
From: rpl8p@kelvin.seas.Virginia.EDU (Richard Locke)
Subject: Re: 10 MB on LC
Organization: University of Virginia
Date: Fri, 18 Dec 1992 02:21:19 GMT

Really? I upgraded my LC to 10 MB over the summer, and well, I didn't
do anything except turn 32 bit addressing on. I think you can address
up to 8 MB in 24-bit mode. I'm not quite sure what the Bible was referring
to - but if that's keeping you from upgrading to 10 MB - ignore it. I'm
doing just fine without those "tricks".


-- 
It's six o'clock and time for the penguin on top
of your TV set to explode....

RPL8P@KELVIN.SEAS.VIRGINIA.EDU
From: bskendig@netcom.com (Brian Kendig)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Re: TRIVIA!!!!
Date: 13 Dec 92 21:45:31 GMT
Organization: Starfleet Headquarters: San Francisco

fj05+@andrew.cmu.edu (Faisal Nameer Jawdat) writes:
>
>What is this text, and where did it come from:
>"Time n.  A nonspatial
>continuum in which events
>occur in apparently
>irreversible succession from
>the past throught the present
>to the future."

It came from my Secret Tricks List.  ;)
Gee that was quick... time for another, maybe?

-- 
_/_/_/  Brian Kendig                             Je ne suis fait comme aucun
/_/_/  bskendig@netcom.com                de ceux que j'ai vus; j'ose croire
_/_/                            n'etre fait comme aucun de ceux qui existent.
  /  Nolite te bastardes     Si je ne vaux pas mieux, au moins je suis autre.
 /  carborundorum.                                               -- Rousseau
From: jackr@wpd.sgi.com (John "Jack" Repenning)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Re: AutoDoubler 2.0 + GK: It Just Keeps Getting Worse
Followup-To: comp.sys.mac.system
Date: 17 Dec 92 14:49:21
Organization: Silicon Graphics, Inc.
	<mgh3-171292103213@math26647.math.cwru.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: dblues.wpd.sgi.com
In-reply-to: mgh3@po.cwru.edu's message of 17 Dec 92 15:44:43 GMT

In article <mgh3-171292103213@math26647.math.cwru.edu> mgh3@po.cwru.edu (mike hurley) writes:

   -It is possible to expand the AD control panel using ResEdit.

Wonder why they wouldn't tell me this when I called their tech
support?

Anyway, it doesn't matter much: internal compression (for things in
the System Folder) is the only advance over my working 1.X version
that interested me.
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
From: Dale_Adams@gateway.qm.apple.com (Dale Adams)
Subject: Re: VGA Monitor on Q700 is greenish
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 1992 21:42:48 GMT
Organization: Apple Computer, Inc.,  Cupertino, CA

In article <1992Dec14.154725.3995@sctc.com> miracle@sctc.com (Barry 
Miracle) writes:
> I have hooked a Commodore 1950B VGA compatible monitor using a cable
> adaptor I bought from a company in the back of Mac Week.  When I hook
> it up to the monitor the screen has kind of a greenish tint to it.  
> Does anyone knoe  a cure for this problem?

The problem is that the Mac is placing a composite sync signal on top of 
the green video, and the monitor is treating this as a part of the video 
data, not as a synchronization signal.  This is fairly common with 
VGA-type displays.  See if the display has the capability to strip off the 
sync-on-green.  (There may be a configuration switch on the rear of the 
display.)

- Dale Adams
  Apple Computer, Inc.
From: fj05+@andrew.cmu.edu (Faisal Nameer Jawdat)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: TRIVIA!!!!
Date: 13 Dec 92 10:42:48 GMT
Article-I.D.: andrew.Af_u18m00WB708SnsM
Organization: Sophomore, Physics, Carnegie Mellon, Pittsburgh, PA

Yeah, it's the return of the never before seen by mine own eyes
Macintosh System Software Trivia contest, where you, the readers of
the usenet get to answer dumb questions for absolutely no reward
whatsoever, other than the possible gratification about knowing more
obscure Mac facts than others.

Todays question:
What is this text, and where did it come from:
"Time n.  A nonspatial
continuum in which events
occur in apparently
irreversible succession from
the past throught the present
to the future."

-- faisal jawdat                  | "Certainly the game is rigged.
email: fj05+@andrew.cmu.edu       | Don't let that stop you;
if mail handler barfs             | if you don't bet, you can't win." 
fj05@andrew.cmu.edu               |        -Lazarus Long
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
From: David_Martyn@mindlink.bc.ca (David Martyn)
Subject: Re: Problem with Jasmine disk under system 7.0.1 on plus and
Organization: MIND LINK! - British Columbia, Canada
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 1992 15:37:38 GMT

 > Actually, Jasmine DriveWare *was* updated -- version 2.0 is
 > available and is compatible with System 7. It's marketed by Seagull
 > Software;

I know that this product was advertized, but my attempts to order it through
a local dealer were in vain - it seemed to be vapourware.

--
------------------------------------------------------------------------
David Martyn, Burnaby, British Columbia  |  Perfection of the means of
Clergy:United Church of Canada           |  communication has meant
David_Martyn@MindLink.bc.ca              |  instantaneity. (McLuhan)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: JohnM._Stafford@uu0570.foggybottom.com
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Re: where can I get At ease?
Date: 14 Dec 92 05:15:10 GMT
Organization: Foggy Bottom / Washington, D.C.

You can get At Ease from Apple direct, and from any reputable reseller.
Foggy Bottom - your FirstClass Mac connection in Washington, DC
From: Charlie.Mingo@p4218.f70.n109.z1.fidonet.org (Charlie Mingo)
Sender: Uucp@blkcat.UUCP
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: RE: MacsBug tutorial?
Date: Sat, 12 Dec 1992 13:47:24 -0500

Daryl_Spitzer@mindlink.bc.ca (Daryl Spitzer) writes:

 >> Where can one get the MacsBug manual?

 >  Actually, I'd recommend these books: 
 >  Scott Knaster's _How to Write Macintosh Software_  

It doesn't give you the same in-depth coverage of Macsbug you get
in the manual (eg, Knaster provides a 5-page summary in the appendix,
while the manual is 430 pages long).  Macsbug can actually do a lot 
of things Knaster doesn't mention.  The manual is officially called 
"MacsBug Reference and Debugging Guide (For MacsBug version 6.2)" 
by Apple Computer, Inc. Addison-Wesley, $22.95.  ISBN 0-201-56767-9.

If you can't find it locally, it'a also available by mail from Reiter's
Scientific & Professional Books, 2021 K St. NW, Washington, DC, 20006
800/537-4314.

 >  Debugging Macintosh Software with MacsBug  by Konstantin Othmer 
 > & Jim Straus 

Haven't seen that one.
From: JohnM._Stafford@uu0570.foggybottom.com
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Re: HELP: IIsi with SLOW hard drive
Date: 14 Dec 92 05:53:05 GMT
Organization: Foggy Bottom / Washington, D.C.

Get the Norton Utilities and run the disk doctor. Use Stuffit Deluxe 3.0.1
instead of Auto Doubler.
Foggy Bottom - your FirstClass Mac connection in Washington, DC
Xref: sparky comp.sys.mac.system:15113 comp.sys.mac.apps:18478
From: devito@skorpio.usask.ca (Anne Devito)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system,comp.sys.mac.apps
Subject: Re: Typing Greek
Date: 12 Dec 1992 16:17:56 GMT
Organization: University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
NNTP-Posting-Host: skorpio.usask.ca

>I am trying to type some Greek text in a paper of mine using MacWrite II.
>This is not a problem using the Symbol font except for accent and
>breathing marks.  Is there any way to get such things into my text?

To type modern or ancient Greek properly, you should invest in a Greek
font that comes with a special keyboard layout that allows you to type
accents and breathing marks.  Two widely-used packages are:

GreekKeys, available from Scholars Press Software, 1-800-437-6692 or 
1-404-475-9245 (Georgia)

and

SuperGreek, from Linguist's Software.  MacConnection carries their stuff
(1-800-334-444)

I'm not sure of prices, but I think each is <$100.  GreekKeys is compatible
with Sys 7 and 6.0.7 and includes postscript, truetype, and bitmap fonts;
I don't know about SuperGreek.

A. DeVito
U. of Saskatchewan
devito@skorpio.usask.ca
From: Eric.Choi@zeus.ieee.org (Eric Choi)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Re: HELP: IIsi with SLOW hard drive
Date: 18 Dec 92 02:22:53 GMT
Organization: IEEE Service Center, Piscataway, NJ

How about defragment it with an optimizer software? Try Norton Utilities or
Central Point Tools. Or may be the interleave of your hard drive is set wrong?
--  
=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=*=
 Eric Choi - Internet: Eric.Choi@zeus.ieee.org
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
From: bredell@tdb.uu.se (Mats Bredell)
Subject: Re: WoldScript 1 Extension, Does it live?
Reply-To: Mats.Bredell@udac.uu.se
Organization: Uppsala University Computing Center (UDAC)
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.1 PL6]
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 1992 08:46:30 GMT

William Gentry (wgentry@netlink.cts.com) wrote:
: bredell@tdb.uu.se (Mats Bredell) writes:
: 
: > Daniel_A._Chirkov@fourd.com wrote:
: > : >>Do i have to buy this APPLE SYSTEM SOFTWARE?<<
: > : I'm generaly annoyed about Apple's behavior with System 7.1 and World Scrip
: > : and TrueType. Why can't they make it easier instead of more complex.
: > 
: > It seems it never occured to Apple that people outside a specific country
: > could be interested in the script system of that country. That's why the
: > japanese script is only available in Japan etc.
: > 
: > There are signs that Apple is going to change this policy, just give them
: > time. Apple wanted to release system 7.1 when it was available, and at least
: > I am grateful they didn't wait until all script systems was ready before they
: > released system 7.1.
: > 
: > /Mats
: > -- 
: > Mats Bredell                                   Mats.Bredell@udac.uu.se
: > Uppsala University Computing Center (UDAC)     Ph:  +46 18 187817
: > Department of medical systems                  Fax: +46 18 187825
: > Sweden                                         Think straight - be gay!
: 
: It appears that most of the scripts are done since they've been available 
: on the developer CD for a couple of months. Hopefully Apple will release 
: soon.
: 
: --                    
: INTERNET:  wgentry@netlink.cts.com (William Gentry)
: UUCP:   ...!ryptyde!netlink!wgentry
: NetLink Online Communications * Public Access in San Diego, CA (619) 453-1115

The developer CD takes a long time to reach Sweden ... I couldn't find any
script system on the october CD.

However, it still seems Apple got completely surprised that the demand for
script systems was so large. I'm sure they are doing their best to change
the policy.

/Mats
-- 
Mats Bredell                                   Mats.Bredell@udac.uu.se
Uppsala University Computing Center (UDAC)     Ph:  +46 18 187817
Department of medical systems                  Fax: +46 18 187825
Sweden                                         Think straight - be gay!
From: sgrenander@NASAMAIL.JPL.NASA.GOV (Sven U. Grenander)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Re: Repeated B-tree hits ?
Date: 11 Dec 92 18:38:48 GMT
Article-I.D.: mac4.sgrenander-111292103744
Followup-To: comp.sys.mac.system
Organization: Jet Propulsion Laboratory

In article <D2150056.ks0842@erics.infoserv.com>, erics@infoserv.com (Eric
S. Smith) wrote:
> 
> 
> sgrenander@NASAMAIL.JPL.NASA.GOV (Sven U. Grenander) writes:
> 
> > Any standard reasons why the b-tree headers (think that's the term Norton
> > uses) on my system disk would get damaged with weakly regularity ?
> 
> No, but that's probably better than with strong regularity.
> :-)  :-)
> 

You had to point that out, didn't you ! 

Here I was hoping nobody would notice.

-Sven
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
From: asunta@convex.csc.FI (Miika Asunta)
Subject: MacinTalk header files for C?
Organization: Sibelius Academy, Helsinki
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 92 15:41:28 GMT


Are there new object and header files for MacinTalk, if yes, where can
I find them?



--
Miika Asunta
asunta@convex.csc.fi			Double Bass Player
tel. +358-0-494 093			Macintosh Programmer
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
From: phygansl@nuscc.nus.sg (Seum-Lim GAN)
Subject: Repairing Harddisk 
Organization: National University of Singapore
X-Newsreader: Tin 1.1 PL4
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 1992 03:42:32 GMT


Help !
My harddisk won't start up and when I used MacTools' Rescue and try to see
what's wrong, it says that the File Header Block of the Extend File is
damaged and asks me to recover all the files to another volume ! I can't
imagine recovering over 70 MBytes of apps and data to HD diskettes !	

Is there any software at all that I can use to repair it ?

HELP !

Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
From: nerm@apple.com (Dean Yu)
Subject: Re: What is different WorldScript I and II?
Date: Sat, 19 Dec 1992 02:08:00 GMT
Organization: Apple Computer, Inc.
Followup-To: comp.sys.mac.system

In article <1992Dec17.160126.13867@tdb.uu.se>, bredell@tdb.uu.se (Mats
Bredell) wrote:
> 
> Dongseok Choi (choi@gsbsrc.uchicago.edu) wrote:
> : Hello, netters?
> :  According to MacWeek(12/14/92, p60),
> :  there are WorldScript I and II.
> :  Could you explain what's different?
> 
> Apple divided all script systems in two parts. One of them concists of the
> script systems where the text goes the "wrong" direction, and the other
> contains the scripts that have special characters, like japanese and chinese.
> 

  This isn't correct.  WorldScript I handles "one-byte" script systems;
that is, scripts that can have their entire character set described by one
byte.  This is most of the world.  WorldScript II supports the "two-byte"
script systems; the systems that require two bytes to describe the entire
character set, such as Japan, China, and Korea.  The direction of script
runs have nothing to do with it.

-- Dean Yu
   Blue Meanie, Negative Ethnic Role Model, etc.
   Apple Computer, Inc.
From: feinberg@acsu.buffalo.edu (John A. Feinberg)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Inside Mac I-V hypercard stack
Date: 19 Dec 92 20:08:06 GMT
Organization: UB

A little while ago someone posted the location of a hypercard stack that was
pretty much the first 5 Inside Mac books.  Well, I bit the bullet and tried 
downloading it.  Sure enough, it is Inside Mac I-V in Hypercard form!!  However
it is 9 MEG long!!!  It is 7 files, each about 800k long in binary form.  Once
you get the binaries to your computer, they are in segmented Stuffit (the old,
ala 1.5) form.  I had to download Stuffit Classic to join the segments, as I use
Compact Pro.  The stack is pretty nice, if you can spare the hard drive space.

John Feinberg
SUNY Buffalo
From: alana@majestix.cs.uoregon.edu (Thomas Alan Akins)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Dumb ?: Phone number for ordering 7.1
Summary: I need the Apple phone number for ordering System 7.1
Date: 15 Dec 92 05:52:10 GMT
Article-I.D.: cs.1992Dec15.055210.24944
Organization: The uncharted backwaters of the unfashionable end of the			      Western Spiral arm of the Galaxy.

That's all I need, thanx.
Alan
-- 
*                                        |    Alan Akins                      *
*       "I could say 'addition'          |    alana@cs.uoregon.edu            *
*        when I mean ... 'basketball.'"  |    University of Oregon            *
*                        - E. Tick       |    Department of Computer Science  *
From: bmueller@mis.mcw.edu
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Lost files on desktop. Why?
Date: 14 Dec 92 10:02:30 CDT
Organization: Medical College of Wisconsin

Netters...
   A friend had some files on the desktop. The machine failed and
required a logic board replacement. When he received the repaired
machine, he booted up and found the files to be gone.
	
Could it be that this is stored in nonvolatile RAM (eg, PRAM) and
that installation of the new logic board is responsible for the
loss of the files that way? If not, what might be the explanation?

Thanks in advance.
...Bob Mueller
bmueller@mis.mcw.edu
From: erh0362@tesla.njit.edu (Elliotte Rusty Harold)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: How many Bytes in a Kilobyte (The answer may surprise you.)
Date: 12 Dec 92 19:03:50 GMT
Organization: New Jersey Institute of Technology


    How many bytes are there in a kilobyte as reported by the Finder in 6.0.7?  
Some simple tests revealed that my Finder thinks there are only about 1010 
bytes per K.  For instance my FAX Manager folder is 304,262 bytes.  Finder's 
Get Info reports that as 301K.  Disk Doubler's Savings command also reports 
that as 301K or about 1010 bytes per kilobyte.  SpaceSaver's Magic Menu 
correctly to my way of thinking reports that as 297K or 1024 bytes per kilobyte 
(rounded down by about 0.1K.)  Needless to say that different programs can't 
agree on the number of bytes per kilobyte makes comparing the various file 
compression utilities more difficult than it should be.  I expect this 
weaseling about bytes/K from hard disk manufacturers but not from the Finder!  
Can anyone explain what's going on?  Note that I have tried the obvious, i.e. 
booting with extensions off and looking only at uncompressed files.  The Finder 
really seems to think there are only 1010 bytes in a kilobyte.

Elliotte Rusty Harold		Department of Mathematics
elharo@m.njit.edu		New Jersey Institute of Technology
erh0362@tesla.njit.edu		Newark, NJ 07102
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
From: scott@rhombus.cs.jhu.edu (Scott Smith)
Subject: Re: Duo's: Are Redundant Systems A Good Idea?
Organization: Johns Hopkins Computer Science Department, Baltimore, MD
Distribution: na
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 1992 00:05:59 GMT


The only solution I know of is to create a RAM Disk and put a minimal
system folder there (make aliases for the noncritical stuff, pointing
to the hard disk version), and make the RAM disk your startup disk.
And, never shut down, only sleep or restart.  Keep a backup system
folder on your hard disk.  Now you get two boot chances, one with the
RAM disk and another with your main disk.  This is also good for
improving battery life, cutting down on disk accesses on the system
folder.  The disadvantage is it takes up memory, you will probably
need 6-8M to use a RAM disk system folder effectively.  I managed to get
one running with 1M free memory left on my 4M 210, and will switch to
this setup permanently  when I get more memory (soon).  I am not
buying a dock or a floppy, I have another Mac I can up/download from
via appletalk.

Now suppose my disk crashes and needs reformatting.  Can I do all this
from my RAM disk? 

Scott

--

------------------------------
Scott Smith, scott@cs.jhu.edu
------------------------------
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
From: cad0410@ritvax.isc.rit.edu (Cecelia A. Dorn)
Subject: Network and print driver question
Reply-To: cad0410@ritvax.isc.rit.edu
Organization: Rochester Institute of Technology
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 17:42:12 GMT

We have a small network of Macs in our department and most are
still running System 6.0.5.  A few users want to upgrade to
6.0.7 and I'm trying to make sure this doesn't cause problems
with our shared printer.  Is it accepted practice to upgrade
only the print drivers for those users remaining with 6.0.5
to avoid printer resets from the 6.0.7 users?  If so, how
do I upgrade the print drivers - just simply drag from the
installer disks directly?

Thanks for any help,
Cea
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Distribution: world
From: bfieldstorm@ultramac.uucp (Bill Fielding)
Organization: Odyssey Ultraware, Inc
Date: Sat, 19 Dec 1992 08:00:22 CDT
Subject: Re: Quicktime natural bit depth

but a test?
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
From: AVERNON1@ua1vm.ua.edu (Andrew Vernon)
Subject: Re: Quicktime natural bit depth
Organization: The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa
Date: Fri, 18 Dec 1992 16:45:39 GMT

Jeffery,
In article <1gqjp1INNni1@MINERVA.CIS.YALE.EDU>
You ask:
 
>What is the natural bit-depth that Quicktime movies use?  If I use a different
>depth, will I see a serious performance hit?
 
QuickTime is based on a 16 bit pixel. If you use another depth, Quicktime will
redither the movie to 16 bits. The only major slowdown is if you try to use
QuickTime on a 1-bit display (Then it will also look crummy ;-)
 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=  A n d r e w   V e r n o n =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
                       Anything is possible...
     avernon1@ua1vm.ua.edu | avernon1@ua1ix.ua.edu | DGIF #9691
From: JohnM._Stafford@uu0570.foggybottom.com
Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.system
Subject: Re: Postscript Japanese Fonts
Date: 14 Dec 92 05:22:39 GMT
Organization: Foggy Bottom / Washington, D.C.

Adobe sells the following Japanese fonts:
Serif (M incho): Ryumin Light KL, Futo Min A101, Midashi MIn MA31
Sans-Serif (Gothic): Jun 101, Gothic Medium BBB, Futo Go B101, Midashi GO
MB31.

Reach Adobe through their 800 number or contact a reliable reseller.
Foggy Bottom - your FirstClass Mac connection in Washington, DC