HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: ann@plx.com (Ann Lindstrom)
Subject: Re: why (evolutionarily) are zebras striped?
Keywords: n
Organization: PLEXUS Software, a division of REI
Distribution: usa
Date: Mon, 4 Jan 1993 18:05:33 GMT

I have read that the stripes are for camoflage, but not for camofalge with the
african planes.  The theory is that a predator (lion, for instance), wil not
spring on its prey unless it can clrearly "target" the prey animal.  Since
zebras live in herds, the stripes break up the body pattern of the individual
zebra, thus the predator will not attack that animal.  Think of a bunch of zebras standing together, facing all different directions, and the patterns that 
are created.
From: ccshf@gdr.bath.ac.uk (Henry Ford)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Re: CD ROM biology/medical reference library?
Date: 12 Jan 93 15:02:41 GMT
Organization: Bath University Computing Services, UK


We run EMBASE as an online service from Bath, but I'm not sure how
much it would cost you to be licensed. If you want I could find out.
Henry Ford
From: Lawrence.C..Chen@f210.n103.z1.fidonet.org
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Senior Seminar
X-Sender: newtout 0.06 Jan  3 1993
Date: 05 Jan 93  17:46:44

I need some ideas to start my senior seminar research project.  My major
is bio-technology, what are some interesting topics?

... Genetic engineering is heir styling.
--- Blue Wave/TG v2.10
From: toh@ecf.toronto.edu (TOH CHUN-KIT)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Info on brewing beer at home.
Date: 5 Jan 93 22:01:21 GMT
Organization: University of Toronto, Engineering Computing Facility


I teamed up with a few buddies in town to brew our own beer.
This is to reduce the initial cost of getting the equipment. I am
new to this subject and I am wondering if there is anybody out
there with a working knowledge on home brewing. I would
be most grateful for any suggestions or ideas. Please post or e-mail.
From: rambaut@castle.ed.ac.uk (A E Ram aut)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: family of Drosophila spp.
Date: 12 Jan 93 01:24:37 GMT
Distribution: sci
Organization: Edinburgh University

Please could someone tell me the family of flies that contains the
genus Drosophila.  This organism is so ubiquitous (in the literature)
that noone ever seems to give its taxonomy. This is very urgent and I
have no access to the library for the moment.

Thanks alot.
Andrew

p.s. probably a good idea to email me as I am sure noone else would be
in the slightest bit interested.
Newsgroups: sci.bio
From: rwinder@PFC.Forestry.CA (Richard Winder)
Subject: Re: Info on brewing beer at home.
Reply-To: rwinder@PFC.Forestry.CA
Organization: Forestry Canada (Pacific Forestry Centre)
Date: Tue, 5 Jan 1993 23:21:52 GMT

In article <C0EIIA.n4x@ecf.toronto.edu>, toh@ecf.toronto.edu (TOH CHUN-KIT)
 writes:
>
>I teamed up with a few buddies in town to brew our own beer.
>This is to reduce the initial cost of getting the equipment. I am
>new to this subject and I am wondering if there is anybody out
>there with a working knowledge on home brewing. I would
>be most grateful for any suggestions or ideas. Please post or e-mail.
>

There any number of books out there, but Charlie Papazian (spelling?) has a
book out called "The Joy of Homebrewing" that pretty well covers the subject
for begining to intermediate to advanced homebrewing.  Travel to your local
homebrew supply shop- they need your business and will usually give you tons of
advice.  Stay away from beer kits which contain lots of corn sugar, if you wish
to have the best results.  I've found that 6 lbs. of malt extract
(light/amber/both), with 1/2 lb. crystal malt, an oz. or more boiling hops
(Willamette) and about an oz. of flavor hops (cascade) produces an adequate
fully malted N. American style ale, for the same price as one of those
gol-darned under-malted kits.  Corn sugar is OK for producing carbonation,
since it doesn't take that much.  Of course, fermentors, siphons, etc. add to 
the start up costs- let your supply shop advise you what you need.  I use 
Nottingham ale yeast- it ferments clean, and stays to the bottom of the 
bottle when you pour.  The main problem is locating non screw top beer 
bottles...

Happy homebrewing!

  RICHARD WINDER                    Title: Visiting Fellow
  Forestry Canada                   Phone: (604) 363-0600
  Victoria, B.C.                    Internet: RWINDER@A1.PFC.Forestry.CA
From: tony@phsbbs.princeton.nj.us (Anthony Foglia)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: bacteria
Date: Mon, 04 Jan 93 20:15:16 EST
Organization: Princeton High School, Princeton, New Jersey

By doing a lab in biology, I remarked that bacteria smelled. A
friend's mother over heard me say this and contradicted my hypothesis. 
She said that it wasn't the bacteria that smelled, but rather it was the 
process of the bacteria rotting the broth that was used in the 
experiment. Which one of us is right? I am also curious where I can find 
more information on this topic.

One question about the experiment also interested me : Why were certain 
orgaisms present after the broth was contaminated? My hypothesis is that 
the broth was a suitable enviroment for these organisms to grow otherwise 
they wouldn't grow right? Well, thank you for your help.

Send mail to gianna@phsbbs.princeton.nj.us

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disclaimer: The above views may be mine but may be those of the guy       
            behind me.  You decide.
There are two types of people in the world:
The first type always, no matter what, finishes what they start;
From: wcalvin@stein.u.washington.edu (William Calvin)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Re: Evolution of the human brain's cognitive capacity
Date: 6 Jan 93 17:06:47 GMT
Article-I.D.: shelley.1if3j7INNpmu
Organization: University of Washington
NNTP-Posting-Host: stein.u.washington.edu

ledwards@leland.Stanford.EDU (Laurence James Edwards) writes:

>Yes, the ability to catch things does not require "solution" of a DE 
>or set of DE's in the normal sense of the word, you just need a good
>feedback control system ... you may need to tweak the gains depending
>on what your catching (maybe adaptive feedback control is the more correct
>term) but to say that one must "solve" a complex set of DE's is misleading.

>|> Now throwing a projectile, and estimating its trajectory in advance during
>|> "get set", is indeed a good candidate for a cognitive mechanism.  All of
>|> the ballistic movements (kicking, clubbing, throwing, hammering -- even
>|> spitting) require lots of advance planning; feedback arrives too late to
>|> do any good, so "get set" must create a complete movement command
>|> sequence, start to finish.

>While throwing activities are better candidates for cognitive mechanisms
>I still don't think they *require* anything more than the ability to
>interpolate or extrapolate from past experience.

>Larry Edwards

Agreed.  What's so nice about throwing and the other ballistic movements
(hammering, kicking, clubbing, spitting) is that they may share a common
neural machinery for fancy sequences.  It is already known that the core
of language cortex (see the Ojemann article in 1983 Behavioral and Brain
Sciences) has a sequencing specialization, that it handles both auditory
sequences and movement production sequences.
	So it may be that evolutionary pressures for one sequencing task
bring along some of the others for free.  Certainly this hypothesis is
requires at some point for music and dance, i.e., they must be secondary
uses of neural machinery that was primarily shaped up by other kinds of
usefulness, such as language or planning ahead.  As I have proposed (THE
ASCENT OF MIND is the most recent version), any of these various skills
might have helped improved the others -- but precision throwing for
predation has a particularly nice payoff in terms of reproductive success
during hominid evolution.  That's why throwing is so interesting to one
interested in higher intellectual functions such as language and plan-ahead.
    William H. Calvin   WCalvin@U.Washington.edu
    University of Washington  NJ-15
    Seattle, Washington 98195 FAX:1-206-720-1989
From: ken@iat.holonet.net (Ken Easlon)
Subject: Re: "Falling" Asleep
Organization: HoloNet National Internet Access BBS: 510-704-1058/modem
Date: Fri, 8 Jan 1993 03:54:49 GMT

In article <1993Jan6.182906.23437@spruce.pfc.forestry.ca> ,
rwinder@PFC.Forestry.CA (Richard Winder) writes quoting Easlon:


>>Nonetheless, whenever I awake I can almost always remember the most
>> recent flash or two of the mental activity that I call dreams.  Over the
>> years I've developed a pretty good idea of some of the properties common
>> to these dreams, and some of the more interesting include: 
>> 
>>     A sense of "down" in the direction of my feet rather than in the 
>>     direction of the center of the earth. 
>> 
>>     A pronounced absence of gravitational sensation, such as: 
>>          . the sense of effort in maintaining the kind of posture the 
>>          dream depicted  or 
>>          . the pressure of the real bed or dream ground pressing itself 
>>          against my body  
 
>        This is not common to all dreams.  I've experienced many with a 
>pronounced sense of gravity, and many without.  I seems to depend on the 
>symbolism your mind is working with at the moment, and your physical  
>condition.  By gravity, I mean that while I am dreaming, I am occasionally
>aware that I am really lying prone, and aware of which direction `down'  
>really is.  It just doesn't affect the dream that much.  At other times,  
>I have indeed `imagined' gravity in a direction other than my true
>orientation. 
>Particularly when flying... :-)

I think we're in total agreement here, it's just a matter of clarifying the
terminology. I distinguish the sense of "down" from the perception of
gravity (pressure, effort) because I believe the sense of "down" in dreams
is imagined, coming from the direction of my feet when I dream I am
standing, where gravity perception when I drift back to wakefulness is
coming from another angle.

I also have dreamed of lying down.  I even dream of lying in bed awake
sometimes, and it's really hard to tell in the morning just how much of my
wakefulness was real and how much was dreamed.

The sense of "down" for me is best exemplified by flying dreams
particularly when I am exceptionally tired.  I picture myself trying to
clear those damned electric high lines, and as likely as not failing to get
that high.  The imagined gravity is rather like being under water, or
perhaps on the moon, a gentle tug that keeps me from flying away, but
nothing like the perception of real gravity.

Incidentally, when flying dreams occur toward morning when I'm well rested,
I can generally make it to a respectable altitude.


--
Ken Easlon                | "...somebody spoke and I went into a dream..."
ken@holonet.net           |    -Paul McCartney
Pleasantly Unaffiliated   |
From: rowe@pender.ee.upenn.edu (Mickey Rowe)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Re: "Falling" Asleep
Date: 7 Jan 93 23:02:52 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania

In article <1993Jan6.182906.23437@spruce.pfc.forestry.ca>
     rwinder@PFC.Forestry.CA writes:

>>rowe@pender.ee.upenn.edu (Mickey Rowe) writes:

>>>I also think this is a bit of nonsense.  You're presupposing that 
>>>outer events (e.g. body positions) play a strong role in your dream 
>>>content.  
>
>
>Q.v. Ann Faraday's "The Dream Game".  The above statement contradicts what most
>research has shown to date.  Body position can play an extreme role in dream
>content (or outer events, for that matter).  I would have to say that anyone
>who has never experienced this (e.g. incorporating an alarm clock into your
>dream so you don't have to wake up) should scrutinize their own dreams a bit
>more carefully.  

I not only agree that outer events *can* play a role in dream content,
*I'm* the person that mentioned the alarm clock incorporation in a
previous post.

In context, what I'm objecting to is Ken Easlon's claim that, for
example, sleeping with your knees bent makes it more likely that you
will dream of walking up stairs.  I'm very dubious that your sleeping
position plays that strong of a role in shaping the content of your
dreams.  

>  RICHARD WINDER                    Title: Visiting Fellow

Mickey Rowe     (rowe@pender.ee.upenn.edu)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
From: gmacdoug@ace.acadiau.ca (GLENN MACDOUGALL)
Subject: how do I germinate a welwitschia seed.
Keywords: welwitschia
Organization: Acadia University
Date: Tue, 5 Jan 1993 14:24:10 GMT

Can anyone tell me how to germinate and eventually care for a welwitschia 
seed/plant?  I am not having much luck, and I only have two seeds left.
Newsgroups: sci.bio
From: prange@silver.ucs.indiana.edu (Henry Prange)
Subject: Re: Interested in Gaia Theory?
Organization: Indiana University
Date: Mon, 4 Jan 1993 19:54:51 GMT

Only we if we agree to include phlogiston and other equally valid
concepts.
From: jen@waffle.sns.com (jennifer warshaw)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: NEED INFO ON VITAMIN D & LIGHT
Date: 7 Jan 93 20:05:25 GMT
Organization: Systems'n'Software

Systems'n'Software, Fremont, CA  94539-6669
Date: Thu, 07 Jan 93 12:03:32 PST
Organization: Systems'n'Software, Fremont, CA  94539-6669

I have been learning about artifical light sources but can't find any 
information about which part of the light spetrum causes the skin to 
manufacture vitamin D.  Can artificial light cause the skin to produce 
Vitamin D?  Any clues would be greatly appreciated.  Jen@waffle.sns.com.

----
jen@waffle.sns.com  (jennifer warshaw)
Systems'n'Software Free Public Access BBS --- (510)623-8652
From: mmjjmm@post.its.mcw.edu (Michael Malloy)
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
Subject: Psychology mail groups?
Date: 8 Jan 1993 08:13:31 -0600
Organization: Medical College of Wisconsin  (Milwaukee, WI)
NNTP-Posting-Host: post.its.mcw.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.1 PL7]

Are there any psychology mail groups that I can subscribe to?
-- 
Michael J. Malloy
Medical College of Wisconsin           Truth is a Virus
mmjjmm@post.its.mcw.edu

Newsgroups: sci.psychology
From: szikopou@alfred.carleton.ca (Steven Zikopoulos)
Subject: Re: A simple question about Suicide
Organization: Carleton University
Date: Mon, 11 Jan 1993 01:39:27 GMT

In <1993Jan8.232527.25070@adobe.com> asanders@adobe.com (Alan Sanders) writes:



>| I don't like the idea of someone taking their own life... 
>| Life is worth living, no matter what anyone thinks.

>				-Macivor Dawna

>Why should anyone make such an incredibly important decision
>based on what you like? I'm glad that you think life is worth
>living, but are you saying that anyone who feels differently
>is wrong? Only God is wise enough to make such a judgment,
>and from what I can see, he seldom interferes.

>				-Alan



I am also glad to hear that someone thinks life is worth l nI am also
glad to hear that someone feels th worth livingo matter what.  How
ever it isry difficult to respond to thriginaligin post withoutut
knowing more about his/her background and lifesI agree with A'sith
Alan's response with respect to "...are you saying that anyone who feels differently is wrong
..."


One must consider many factors.  For example does the individual have
any responsil (children etc.)

Sorry about the condition of this response, the net's giving me
trouble today for some reason.  Anyway...an example

If I *knew* that I was starting to develop schizophrenia; given what
we know about modern psychiatry and the prognosis for individuals with
schizophrenia, I would surely take my life to avoid going through that
hell! (That decision would also spare parents and close friends some
pain as well)

Responses?  That's what the net's here for!

Steven Zikopoulos
szikopou@ccs.carleton.ca
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
From: harveytj@kirk.aston.ac.uk (Choccy coated strawberry fluffy candy clouds)
Subject: mneumonics
Organization: Aston University
Date: Tue, 12 Jan 1993 13:37:00 GMT


Does anyone have any info / references on mneumonics and their use in 
facilitating short term recall. Also on the effects of word lists being 
comprised of abstract nouns on this......

	Any info before the end of this week would be very helpfull (either 
here, or by email) and I would appreciate it greatly!


		Thanks,

				Tamsyn
From: 1k1mgm@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu (Christopher Gunn)
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
Subject: Re: neurasthenic personality
Date: 9 Jan 93 12:24:58 CST
Organization: University of Kansas Academic Computing Services

In article <1993Jan9.015516.9302@ornl.gov>, jabutt@sacam.OREN.ORTN.EDU (Joe Butt) writes:
> stephan@kub.nl wrote:
> : Can someone explain to me what a neurasthenic personality
> : is? And what exactly is the correlated neurasthenic syndrome?
> One article identifies symptoms of neurasthenia as inattention, poor
> memory and a decreased capacity to think clearly and for a long period of
> time.  Functional exhaustion of cerebral cortical neurons is suggested.
> Arguments against the classification suggest that it is distinguished from
> other mental illness such as schizophrenia only euphemistically.  
> Until I read the previous posting, I had never heard of it =)

Isn't there speculation that what's now being diagnosed as
chronic fatigue syndrome is the same thing (whatever that might
be) as what was diagnosed as neurasthenia is the 19th century?

Christopher Gunn	Molecular Graphics and Modeling Lab
SPAN--KUPHSX::GUNN	Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Malott Hall
913-864-4428 or -4495	University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS  66045
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
From: dnorris@cwis.unomaha.edu (Dick Norris)
Subject: Re: What are the first concepts developed by a child ?
Organization: University of Nebraska at Omaha
Date: Wed, 13 Jan 1993 03:06:05 GMT


	Cognitively, the first area to develop in the human is recognition
	of familiar from unfamilair, in signt and hearing.
	As another respondent to your question asks, be more specific
	about what you want.

Newsgroups: sci.psychology
From: stephan@kub.nl 
Subject: neurasthenic personality
Date: Thu, 07 Jan 93 10:17:09 GMT
Organization: KUB, The Netherlands
Reply-To: stephan@kub.nl
Keywords: neurasthenic

Hello,

Can someone explain to me what a neurasthenic personality
is? And what exactly is the correlated neurasthenic syndrome?

Thanks!

-- 
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
From: markn@ssd.comm.mot.com (Mark Nowak)
Subject: Newsgroup info wanted
Organization: Motorola
Date: Mon, 4 Jan 1993 11:49:39 GMT

Does anyone out there know of a newsgroup or mailing list
dedicated for people in relationships with someone who's
been abused, raped or just plain comes from a dysfunctional
family?  Thanks.
-- 
Mark Nowak                          | By means of the easy and the simple we
Motorola, Inc.                      | grasp the laws of the whole world.  When
Chicago, Illinois                   | the laws of the whole world are grasped,
INTERNET: markn@ssd.comm.mot.com    | therein lies perfection. - I Ching
From: alj304@coombs.anu.edu.au (Anne Jenkins)
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
Subject: Bandura
Date: 5 Jan 93 03:12:27 GMT
Organization: Australian National University
NNTP-Posting-Host: 150.203.76.2
Keywords: Social Learning Theory

I'd be interested to contanct anyone working closely with Bandura's Social
Learning Theory, who's applying it to what and how its being received in
academic circles or applied settings, that sort of thing.  I'd also be
interested to know whats going on at Stanford psychology department (assuming
Bandura is still there).

Thanks in advance,

Anne Jenkins

Newsgroups: sci.psychology
From: jpk@Ingres.COM (Jon Krueger)
Subject: Re: neurasthenic personality
Reply-To: jpk@Ingres.COM (Jon Krueger)
Organization: Ask Computer Systems Inc., Ingres Division, Alameda CA 94501
Date: 9 Jan 93 02:40:30 GMT

Joe Butt writes:
> Until I read the previous posting, I had never heard of it
> [neurasthenia, neurasthenic personality] =)

What we'll likely be saying about MBD or ADD in another fifty
years.  Hell, some could say that about MBD now.

-- Jon
--
Jon Krueger  jpk@ingres.com
From: weemba@sagi.wistar.upenn.edu (Matthew P Wiener)
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
Subject: Re: Studies on Gesturing during Teaching
Date: 4 Jan 93 18:53:34 GMT
Reply-To: weemba@sagi.wistar.upenn.edu (Matthew P Wiener)
Organization: The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology
In-reply-to: charles@zip.eecs.umich.edu (Charles Jacob Cohen)

In article <1993Jan4.144817.24102@zip.eecs.umich.edu>, charles@zip (Charles Jacob Cohen) writes:
>I have searched far and wide, and although I've found many papers on
>the use of screen gestures for control, I have not found any
>psychological research that studies the types of gestures used during
>specific types of communication.

This isn't what you asked for, but I recall a Columbia study of uh-rates
by fellow Columbia professors.  (As in "uh"s or other dead words spoken
per minute).  They found that low uh-rates tended to correlate with the
hard sciences, medium uh-rates with the soft sciences, and high uh-rates
with the humanities.  Philosophy, while classified a a humanity, had a
low uh-rate.  This was noticed even after they eliminated the physics
grad student who was a philosophy ringer.

They had two models to explain their data.  The first was romantic,
pitting scientific minds that were precision steel traps in all things
against humanistic minds that were hopeless creampuff ditherers.  The
other model was psycholingual, in which the extra precision of technical
vocabulary provided fewer synonyms to choose from during a lecture, and
less need to "uh" past a decision.  They decided between the models by
sending a "prospective graduate student" to talk generalities about
Columbia and their individual departments, and compared uh-rates again.

Does anyone have the reference?
-- 
-Matthew P Wiener (weemba@sagi.wistar.upenn.edu)
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
From: louis@medici.trl.OZ.AU (Louis Denger)
Subject: Re: Anorexia  (ld)
Organization: Telecom Research Labs, Melbourne, Australia
Date: Thu, 7 Jan 1993 09:25:55 GMT

From article <C0B666.67E@world.std.com>, by eer@world.std.com (Eugene E Rosen):
> My 21 yr. old cousin (female) recently had to drop out of her college studies at the request of the psychologist.  The psychologist felt that Sandra was dangerously underweight and suffering from anorexia.
> Sandra is currently is a nine week treatment center for those suffering from eating disorders.  I am posting this message in order that I might pass on relevant information regarding etiology, prognosis and suggested reading materials to Sandra's parents.  I am using a pseudonym for my cousin in order to strictly respect her and her parents confidentiality.
> A particular question that I would like to pose is why this malady strikes particular inidividuals while others who appear to be similar clinically remain free of this syndrome.
> Thanks to all of you in advance for your contributions.
> 
> Eugene Rosen
> 
> 
 

There is in my view some misunderstanding over the topic of
anorexia,
I heard for example a radio discussion were some people suggested
that a motivation was: "to be master of the universe".

I have some experience with staying a long time without eating.
I found that:
- the desire for eating is not resulting from the length of
time without eating. For example after 10 hours without food
I do not feel the need of eating.
I even enjoy being like that. My only motivation in eating
again is because I may be too weak either intellectually of
physically.
- When I see someone eating then I feel very bored.
- the desire for eating results from the frequency of eating:
the more frequent the eating the more the desire to eat.
- If I make a prolonged physical effort without eating of more than
9 hours I just cannot eat anymore, I reject the food (vomit).
I suspect that then when my stomac is empty, the liver fluid
may reach it and this results in the rejection. I must say
that then it is quite difficult to be able to absobe
food again.

I am not sure on what to suggest to help an anorexic
person to change eating habits.

Regards

Louis