HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini)
Subject: Re: Egyptian quake
Keywords: quake, IRIS, seismogram
Organization: Unocal Corporation
Date: Fri, 16 Oct 1992 14:37:54 GMT

In article <1992Oct15.235725.18597@morrow.stanford.edu> cleavy@pangea.Stanford.EDU (Cleavy McKnight) writes:
>In article <1992Oct13.143128.22071@lamont.ldgo.columbia.edu> jaume@ldgo.columbia.edu (steven jaume) writes:
>>
>>starts).  I've also examined several seismograms, both here in Palisades,
>>NY, plus digital seismograms available thru IRIS from Harvard, MA; College,
>>AK; KONO in Norway, and MAJO in Japan.  The body waves (from which the
>
>     Could you post some info concerning IRIS?  Is it something which can
>     be reached through telnet or ftp?  Is it something for which you must
>     have your own account, or is it "anonymously" reachable?  Thanks!

IRIS: Incorporated Research Institutions in Seismology. Mostly universities
and goverment.  Builds and operates a worldwide digital seismic network,
a set of portable seismic instruments, a data archive center (on the InterNet).
Usually a few key expeditions and summer review meeting every year.
Stanford is one of the more active members.  See Prof. Klemperer there.
I don't know the latest count of instruments or InterNet access.
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: gerard@caliban.soest.hawaii.edu (Gerard Fryer)
Subject: Cairo Earthquake?
Originator: gerard@caliban
Organization: School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology
Date: Mon, 12 Oct 1992 21:13:09 GMT

I just had a phone call from a very distraught Egyptian at one of
Waikiki's hotels asking for info on today's earthquake in Egypt.  I
did a quick finger of quake@geophys.washington.edu to find that it was
a shallow event with a magnitude of 5.9 and an epicenter very close to
Giza.  That location makes little sense to me.  Does anyone understand
the tectonics?
-- 
Gerard Fryer  (g.fryer@soest.hawaii.edu)
School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology
University of Hawaii at Manoa
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: cain@geomag.gly.fsu.edu (Joe Cain)
Subject: plate tectonics 
Organization: Florida State University Geology Dept.
Date: Sat, 10 Oct 92 20:38:34 GMT

	Texts like "Plate Tectonics, how it works" by Cox and Hart
were written in the mid-80's before computers were so pervasive. Are
there now programs for pc's or unix workstations that make the
graphical analyses and illustrations more automatic than those
described therein? e.g. I would think that by now someone would have
worked out programs to graphically illustrate the first motion diagrams
such as those on pp. 192-200. Also, are there not codes that would
input first motion data and plot the focal sphere projections, and
perhaps even analyze the results and draw the fault and auxiliary
plane projections? I see that Mary Fowler's text (Global Geophysics,
Cambridge U. Press, 1990) presents a graphical recipe for such
creations implying that this is the way it is done.

	I am looking for these not so much for serious research as
teaching tools for a future geophysics course, likely employing
Fowler's text.
Joseph Cain		cain@geomag.gly.fsu.edu
cain@fsu.bitnet		scri::cain
From: stead@skadi.CSS.GOV (Richard Stead)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: Egypt Quake (was: least likely to get a tremor)
Date: 14 Oct 92 20:47:36 GMT

In article <1992Oct14.144903.23618@unocal.com>, stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini) writes:
> The preliminary Harvard focal mechanism was mostly normal with a bit of slip.
> However, this was a low energy quake and only computed from four stations,
> so this is not conclusive.

This looks like it could be a real interesting quake.  I took a look at
the data from the European arrays - there are clearly 2 subevents.  At
high frequencies - 2-8 Hz - there are two events of roughly equal
amplitude separated by 8.5 seconds.  At lower frequencies, 0.5 Hz and lower,
there is only one discernable event, which is coincident with the later
of the two high-frequency events.  It seems to me that there is a high
stress-drop precursor to the larger main shock.  It should be interesting
to see what the finite fault modellers come up with for this.

I mentioned this around CSS, and the joke was that maybe the first event
was a nuclear test 8-).

<standard disclaimer>
--
Richard Stead
Center for Seismic Studies
Arlington, VA
stead@seismo.css.gov
From: zkdc05@trc.amoco.com (Kelly D. Crawford)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: least likely to get a tremor
Date: 9 Oct 92 15:15:39 GMT
Organization: Amoco Production Company, Tulsa Research
Originator: zkdc05@church


In article <1992Oct9.125118.15378@nsisrv.gsfc.nasa.gov>, toma@hyperion.gsfc.nasa.gov (Tom Atwater) writes:
> In article <1992Oct9.002638.2285@merrimack.edu> nin15b63@merrimack.edu (THE WOLF) writes:
> >Which areas of the USA have the lowest levels of earthquake/tremor activity? 
> 
> Judging by a map in "Places Rated Almanac" (1983 ed.), the Great Plains
> and the Southeast.

The Great Plains area has constant seismic activity.  It's just very light.  Tension
never builds up so there is rarely ever noticable (by humans) activity.  But wasn't
the supercollider turned down for northwestern Oklahoma because of too much
seismic activity (among other reasons)?  Can anyone verify this?

Kelly
-- 
Kelly D. Crawford             | Amoco Production Research | These are my own
kcrawford@trc.amoco.com       | 4502 East 41st Street     | opinions, not
phone: (918) 660-4043         | Tulsa, OK  74102          | Amoco's...
          >>> *** This line intentionally left blank *** <<<
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: andy@pangea.Stanford.EDU (Andy Michael USGS Guest)
Subject: Re: plate tectonics 
Organization: Stanford Univ. Earth Sciences
Date: Mon, 12 Oct 1992 02:25:36 GMT

In article <1992Oct10.203834.5203@mailer.cc.fsu.edu> cain@geomag.gly.fsu.edu (Joe Cain) writes:
>Also, are there not codes that would
>input first motion data and plot the focal sphere projections, and
>perhaps even analyze the results and draw the fault and auxiliary
>plane projections? I see that Mary Fowler's text (Global Geophysics,
>Cambridge U. Press, 1990) presents a graphical recipe for such
>creations implying that this is the way it is done.
There are a number of general stereonet plotting routines including
my favorite, cause I wrote it, onnet which is available via
anonymous ftp on garlock.wr.usgs.gov.

For actually computing the first motion solutions I like fpfit and
the associated fpplot and fppage by Paul Reasenberg and Dave
Oppenheimer.  I suspect that these are available via ftp-anon
from alum.wr.usgs.gov.

Note: these programs are C and fortran source code that have been
used on Unix and VMS machines.  Some of them may have been modified
and compiled for Mac's and PC's but I don't know where to get
them from.

Also: for learning about fault plane solutions nothing can beat
doing them by hand.  Otherwise it will be hard to learn the tradeoffs
that are involved in moving the two planes around.  However, I do
agree that too much time spent simply plotting the data is a waste.

Andy
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini)
Subject: Re: Magnetic Shifts, Climate, and Evolution
Organization: Unocal Corporation
Date: Thu, 8 Oct 1992 15:17:54 GMT

In article <1992Oct7.215130.22194@eos.arc.nasa.gov> kyrsten@eos.arc.nasa.gov (Kyrsten Swazey) writes:
>OK - I've been doing some semi-non-scientific pondering on this subject
>and thought i may as well post my "proposition" to some semi-scientific
>people.  I'll try to explain as best i can without scratch paper to
>doodle on.
>My archaeology professor stated that the pole reversals were possibly
>attributable to magma sloshing around in the earth's core.  Iron magma,
>i believe, which would "cause" the pole reversals as it slooshed from
>relatively one side to the other. And, from what my non-scientific brain
>has gathered from these postings, the transitional period causes the
>magnetosphere to fluctuate.  Specifically, to weaken, correct?  Which
>would allow more solar radiation to enter the earth's atmosphere, which
>could increase the earth's temperature, thus inducing a cooling trend:
>an ice age.

The precise causal mechanism of earth's magnetic field and its variations
is not yet known.  A convincing solution may merit a Nobel Prize some people
believe.  The speculation is a *slow* dynamo in the core forced by convection
or differential rotation.  It is not clear whether better theories are needed
to solve the problem, or better data collection and data analysis to sort
through existing theories.

The Sun has flipped its poles quite regularly every 22 years for the past
300 hundred years.  No one is certain why this occurs either and if this has
been going on for a long time.
From: uclyjjd@ucl.ac.uk (Julian Daley)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Oil fields - how do they work ?
Keywords: oil fields
Date: 8 Oct 92 09:11:12 GMT
Organization: Bloomsbury Computing Consortium

On a recent trip from Singapore to London (returning from my honeymoon,
in fact !) we flew over Saudi Arabia.  For a couple of hours all we
could see on the ground was redish sand covered with darker, circular
disks.  By looking at roads etc we estimated these discs to be about
1/4 mile in diameter.  We asume these were oil fields (there's a lot
of oil in Saudi, right?), but being a mere physicist I'm not sure.

Can anyone confirm my assumtion and explain how these things work.  I
thought oil was collected by drilling a big hole and sucking.

Thanks,
Julian.

--
        _________________________________________________________
       | Julian Daley,                         j.daley@ucl.ac.uk |
       | Department Clinical Physics, Guys Hospital, London.     |
        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: joe@peak.opus (joe downing)
Subject: E-mail address to Kent State Univ
Organization: /home/joe/.organization
Distribution: sci.geo.geology
Date: Sat, 10 Oct 1992 17:51:28 GMT


Hello ALL,

I have been trying to mail some info to a friend at Kent State University, Ohio.
But, I have lost touch with him and can't get his address, so if anyone knows
the net address to there please let me know.

                loginname@???????????      for Kent State

Thanks,

Joe
joe@psl.nmsu.edu
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: cleavy@pangea.Stanford.EDU (Cleavy McKnight)
Subject: Re: Creation science and depth of the oceans
Organization: Stanford Univ. Earth Sciences
Date: Mon, 12 Oct 1992 05:43:39 GMT

In article <tslage78.718857045@ursa> tslage78@ursa.calvin.edu (Thomas Slager) writes:
>I was in this little argument with a kid at school who thinks the world is 
>only about 13,000 years old.  He cited an argument given by creation scientists
>that the oceans would be much shallower if the earth were as old as we believe.
>I am not fammilliar with theory, but I figure it has been shot down.  Anybody
>care to tell me what the thoery is and why it don't work?
>
>Thanks,
>Tom

    I haven't heard of this theory, but I would guess that the conclusion
    is based on the rate of terrigenous sediment delivered to the oceans
    from the continents.  If this occurred at a constant rate, the oceans
    would be filled up with sediment after x number of years.

    Of course, this assumes that the oceans (and continents, too, I guess)
    are of fixed and unchanging volume (and position?), which isn't the case.
    New ocean crust is constantly created at mid-ocean ridges, and older
    ocean crust (and its sedimentary cover) is subducted and recycled into
    the asthenosphere at subduction zones (convergent plate margins).
From: stead@skadi.CSS.GOV (Richard Stead)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Egypt Quake (was: least likely to get a tremor)
Date: 13 Oct 92 20:09:10 GMT

In article <1992Oct13.153310.17526@unocal.com>, stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini) writes:
> Take yesterday's Cairo quake for example.
> It was in an unexpected location, althought geologists will find an "obvious"
> explanation sooner or later.  The ten percent or so of quakes that occur
> off of plate boundaries are slippery events to explain and forecast.

This quake has not been classified as intraplate yet.  I doubt that it will be,
since the Red Sea rift is a plate boundary and is close to the epicenter.
Quakes that occur on faults near plate boundaries are not generally considered
intraplate.

There has also been discussion here of the setting of this quake.  I would
say that the tectonic environment is such that this quake is likely
to have occured on either a normal fault which would have formed as one of
several during the rift process, or on a strike-slip fault that typically
arise off-azimuth from ideal transform faults, thus continue to release stress
along their entire lengths, rather than just between "transformed" sections
of the rift.  (Such faults can either be "leaky transforms" or "transpression"
regimes).


--
Richard Stead
Center for Seismic Studies
Arlington, VA
stead@seismo.css.gov
From: helm@jade.ucdavis.edu (Catie Helm)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: least likely to get a tremor
Date: 12 Oct 92 07:24:20 GMT
Reply-To: helm@jade.ucdavis.edu
Organization: Geology Department, University of California, Davis

In article <Bvv4Ez.CzA@oryx.com>, xdejxs@jeep.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (john sharry) writes:
>In article <1992Oct9.125118.15378@nsisrv.gsfc.nasa.gov>, toma@hyperion.gsfc.nasa.gov (Tom Atwater) writes:
>|> In article <1992Oct9.002638.2285@merrimack.edu> nin15b63@merrimack.edu (THE WOLF) writes:
>|> >Which areas of the USA have the lowest levels of earthquake/tremor activity? 
>|> 
>|> Judging by a map in "Places Rated Almanac" (1983 ed.), the Great Plains
>|> and the Southeast.
>|> 
>I'm not sure about the southeast.  Charleston, South Carolina had one of
>the worst earthquakes in the US sometime in the 1800's I think.

I wouldn't put too much faith in the great plains being safe either, if
that definition includes anywhere that's within a couple hundred
kilometers of the New Madrid area.  The last quake there was felt in
the then village of Chicago!

I myself would vote on New England, though the magnitude 7 that happened
off the shelf of Newfoundland isn't too reassuring (caused, I believe,
by a turbidite flow)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Catie Helm, internet: helm@geology.ucdavis
Stable Isotope Lab, Geology Dept.
University of California, Davis
From: warin@loria.fr (Frederic Warin)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Searching for a book
Keywords: Eruption, Mount Pelee
Date: 7 Oct 92 10:17:26 GMT
Organization: CRIN (CNRS) Nancy - INRIA Lorraine


A friend who has no access to the news is searching a book for
a long time without success.

Author: Frank A. Perret
Title:  The Eruption of Mount Pelee
        Carnegie Institute
        Washington
        1936
        146 pages

If someone can help him, please send mail to

warin@loria.fr
Frederic Warin
CRIN INRIA Lorraine
France



-- 

warin@loria.fr
Frederic Warin		Crin/Inria Lorraine	France
From: tar@ISI.EDU (Thomas A. Russ)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: least likely to get a tremor
Date: 12 Oct 92 23:29:50 GMT
Article-I.D.: venera.22624
	<1992Oct9.125118.15378@nsisrv.gsfc.nasa.gov>,<Bvv4Ez.CzA@oryx.com>
	<18040@ucdavis.ucdavis.edu>
Reply-To: tar@isi.edu
Organization: USC-ISI
In-reply-to: helm@jade.ucdavis.edu's message of 12 Oct 92 07:24:20 GMT

In article <...> helm@jade.ucdavis.edu (Catie Helm) writes:
 > In article <...>, xdejxs@jeep.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (john sharry) writes:
 >>In article <...>, toma@hyperion.gsfc.nasa.gov (Tom Atwater) writes:
 >>|> In article <...> nin15b63@merrimack.edu (THE WOLF) writes:
 >>|>>Which areas of the USA have the lowest levels of earthquake/tremor activity? 
 >>|> Judging by a map in "Places Rated Almanac" (1983 ed.), the Great Plains
 >>|> and the Southeast.
 >>|> 
 >>I'm not sure about the southeast.  Charleston, South Carolina had one of
 >>the worst earthquakes in the US sometime in the 1800's I think.
 > 
 > I wouldn't put too much faith in the great plains being safe either, if
 > that definition includes anywhere that's within a couple hundred
 > kilometers of the New Madrid area.  The last quake there was felt in
 > the then village of Chicago!
 > 
 > I myself would vote on New England, though the magnitude 7 that happened
 > off the shelf of Newfoundland isn't too reassuring (caused, I believe,
 > by a turbidite flow)

Except for the Cape Anne earthquake just north of Boston in the late
1700s.  It was quite strong.  There was also a 4+ quake in the early
1980s in New Hampshire.
--

Thomas A. Russ                                             tar@isi.edu    
USC/ISI, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA 90292      (310) 822-1511
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: price@helios.unl.edu (Chad  Price)
Subject: Re: Oil fields - how do they work ?
Keywords: oil fields
Organization: University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Date:  8 Oct 92 15:28:58 GMT

uclyjjd@ucl.ac.uk (Julian Daley) writes:

>On a recent trip from Singapore to London (returning from my honeymoon,
>in fact !) we flew over Saudi Arabia.  For a couple of hours all we
>could see on the ground was redish sand covered with darker, circular
>disks.  By looking at roads etc we estimated these discs to be about
>1/4 mile in diameter.  We asume these were oil fields (there's a lot
>of oil in Saudi, right?), but being a mere physicist I'm not sure.

>Can anyone confirm my assumtion and explain how these things work.  I
>thought oil was collected by drilling a big hole and sucking.

With no idea where you flew over Saudi (and with no idea of where the 
oil fields are anyway), I can only infer from experience in the US, where
such large circles are usually the result of center-pivot irrigation. 
Center pivot irrigation is where you drill a water well (or pipe in water from 
a well), and set up a very large sprinkler system to water the crops being
grown there. These are quite common in areas of the American West and in other
countries which have the initial cash to buy and install center pivots.

Flying over an oil-field, one normally sees only a very small area cleared of
vegetation around the well-head, and a service road leading to the well. The
cleared areas are relatively small, perhaps 20 meters across, and are not
necessarily circular in shape. These tend to be quite readily visible on
landsat images, but definitely NOT as large circular areas.

--
chad
price@helios.unl.edu
cprice@molecular.unmc.edu
From: art@acc.com (Art Berggreen)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: Kilauea/HVO report?
Date: 11 Oct 92 18:33:25 GMT
Organization: ACC, Advanced Computer Communications

In article <1992Oct10.102444.24806@news.Hawaii.Edu> joe@montebello.soest.hawaii.edu writes:
>In article <x7dpqw-@lynx.unm.edu>, pjohnso@polaris.unm.edu (Paddy Johnson CIRT) writes:
>|> There hasn't been an HVO report for awhile.
>
>	Sorry, I haven't been getting them, so I can't post them. I've
>been told the Ham people have been too busy handling communications on Kauai.
>In particular, the person from the Big Island who posts the HVO reports
>onto the local ham network (from where I then get them from through _another_
>intermediary) has spent at least a couple of weeks as a volunteer on Kauai.
>He may still be there. The magnitude of the disaster on Kauai is simply
>incredible. Not too many people killed, but the infrastructure is completely
>wiped out. I shudder to think of the cost if that monster had struck Oahu!

Joe,

The press has not said much of anything about Niihau.  Does this mean that
they were spared, or that they are not getting the press of Kauai?  Could
you post something about their status?

Thanks,
Art
From: robertp@cs.mun.ca (Robert Patey)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: request for info on precamb. ecosystems
Date: 15 Oct 92 02:01:03 GMT
Organization: CS Dept., Memorial University of Newfoundland

I am looking for information on the earliest ecosystems and how the 
various biological buffering systems were established.  This is for a
term paper about GAIA.  Besides discussing the existance or non 
existance of GAIA, I want to describe how it began.  This will clearly
mean a discussion of the first ecosystems, and their biogeochmical 
cycles.  
I have already done some libary work, and have a pile of books that
I'm unlikely ever to get the time to read completely.  Lovelock's 
GAIA books were obviously at the top of my list followed by Margulis
and others in his references.  Any pointers to relevant parts of any 
books or articles would be greatly appreciated. 

Please post or mail to robertp@docboy.cs.mun.ca  

Thanks,
 Bob Patey

 
 
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: marten@ilt.fhg.de (Lutz Marten)
Subject: I'm looking for Gerry Nieder-Westermann, geologist in SF, help please !
Reply-To: marten@ilt.fhg.de
Organization: FhG-ILT
Date: Thu, 15 Oct 92 16:48:37 GMT


Hello,
sorry for posting to this group, but I'm looking for Gerry Nieder-Westermann, geologist in San Francisco, help please !
ThanX !
-Lutz
# Lutz Marten,  Postmaster and general dogsbody 
# Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Institut fuer Lasertechnik 
# BITNET: KQ040MA@DACTH11 , InterNet: marten@ilt.fhg.de                        
# HEPNET: 13533::52714::MARTEN, Phone: +49/241/8906-112, -0
From: stead@skadi.CSS.GOV (Richard Stead)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: Egypt Quake
Date: 15 Oct 92 23:44:08 GMT

In article <18164@ucdavis.ucdavis.edu>, cowen@jade.ucdavis.edu writes:
> It seems to my uninformed mind that there is a strong possibility the
> Cairo earthquake was human-induced. Here's the basis for the suggestion.
> ...
> Any comments from *real* seismlogists?

Cairo has been hit repeatedly in historical times by large quakes several
hundred years apart.  Last biggy talked about in connection with this one
was in the 1300's.  Seems to me what we have is a seismically-prone region
that goes off every few hundred years, humans or no.  The epicenter was not
in Ciaro, either, it was a significant distance outside, in a region unaffected
by the worst of Cairo's sewage, groundwater, etc., problems.  The Sphinx
is threatened by acid rain, not groundwater.


--
Richard Stead
Center for Seismic Studies
Arlington, VA
stead@seismo.css.gov
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology,ca.earthquakes
From: bh419@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Ted B Samsel)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: How many miles in 1degofLat
Date: 13 Oct 1992 10:43:21 GMT
Organization: Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (USA)
NNTP-Posting-Host: hela.ins.cwru.edu


Robinson and Sale's ELEMENTS OF CARTOGRAPHY has a handy conver-
sion table in an appendix.....(it depends where you are on the
spheroid).
-- 
Ted....
From: xdejxs@jeep.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (john sharry)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: least likely to get a tremor
Date: 9 Oct 92 16:28:10 GMT
Organization: Oryx Energy, Dallas, Texas.

In article <1992Oct9.125118.15378@nsisrv.gsfc.nasa.gov>, toma@hyperion.gsfc.nasa.gov (Tom Atwater) writes:
|> In article <1992Oct9.002638.2285@merrimack.edu> nin15b63@merrimack.edu (THE WOLF) writes:
|> >Which areas of the USA have the lowest levels of earthquake/tremor activity? 
|> 
|> Judging by a map in "Places Rated Almanac" (1983 ed.), the Great Plains
|> and the Southeast.
|> 
I'm not sure about the southeast.  Charleston, South Carolina had one of
the worst earthquakes in the US sometime in the 1800's I think.
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology