HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: terryr@michaelangelo.vis.citri.EDU.AU (Terry Robison)
Subject: How do I KILL Crashed WIN/OS
Summary: How do I kill a crashed WIN/OS session
Keywords: Kill WIN/OS
Organization: Computer Science, University of Melbourne, Australia
Date: Fri, 4 Sep 1992 00:04:43 GMT

Hi,
	I have crashed WIN/OS using winjpeg.  I can switch back to the
PM without any troubles - and even back to the WIN/OS session with 
its little hour glass floating in space (the hour glass does move
with the mouse but pressing the buttons has no effect).  My question,
how do I kill a crashed win/os session when it will not respond.  I
have on some occasions simply shut down and said yes to kill win/os
and no for other sessions - and abort the shutdown - There must be
an easier way.  Any ideas?

	Terry

It's a 33 Mhz, 486 with 8 megs.  Real Tseng Lab ET4000 using those 256
colour beta drivers we all love, 170 meg conner drive.  3 1/2 and 5 1/4
floppings.

 
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
From: eletanjm@nuscc.nus.sg (TAN JIN MENG)
Subject: Re: Multiple Desktops....
Organization: National University of Singapore
Date: Thu, 3 Sep 1992 02:03:31 GMT

rpfaff@umiacs.umd.edu (Ray Pfaff) writes:
: Interesting that you should mention this.  I crashed my system all the way 
: to having to do an Alt-F1 to bring it back yesterday (warning:  I downloaded
: epson.zoo yesterday for the modified HP Deskjet drivers, the driver 
: crashed my system to this point!).  I've had to do this once before
: and I had noticed the 2 desktops.  After this crash, I did indeed have
: three.  Anyone know if I can delete the old versions of the desktop directories?

Yes you can. I deleted them, prayed hard ;-), and rebooted. It came up
fine.

jin meng
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
From: sip1@ellis.uchicago.edu (Timothy F. Sipples)
Subject: Re: Ckermit throughput under OS/2
Reply-To: sip1@midway.uchicago.edu
Organization: Dept. of Econ., Univ. of Chicago
Date: Mon, 31 Aug 1992 20:29:12 GMT

In article <1992Aug31.134314.3737@spcvxb.spc.edu> mauritz_c@spcvxb.spc.edu writes:
>I've gotten the latest OS/2 port of Ckermit (5A (183)) and I've
>noticed that using a v.32 connection (3 windows 512k packets) I
>can't get any better than 850-900cps.  I have a 16550 uart
>on my com port so I don't think the bottleneck is the com port.
>I am told that Ckermit on Dos is much faster.  Why?  Am I 
>getting decent throughput or do I need to tweak something?
>I would much rather be using zmodem, but the machine I talk
>to only supports kermit/ckermit.

Someone will correct me if I'm wrong, but that is a fairly decent
throughput for a V.32 connection, particularly on a moderately loaded
host, with C-Kermit.  I wouldn't worry too much about it -- those are
pretty good numbers already.

-- 
Timothy F. Sipples      | The OS/2 FREQ. ASKED QUESTIONS LIST is avail. from
sip1@ellis.uchicago.edu | 128.123.35.151, anonymous ftp, in /pub/os2/all/faq.
Dept. of Econ., Univ.   | Or from LISTSERV@BLEKUL11.BITNET (send "HELP").
of Chicago, 60637       | Clinton's Arkansas: 49th in Per Capita Tax Burden
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
From: wiegand@rtsg.mot.com (Robert Wiegand)
Subject: Re: SCSI
Reply-To: motcid!wiegand@uunet.uu.net
Organization: Motorola Inc., Cellular Infrastructure Group
Date: Tue, 1 Sep 1992 18:19:36 GMT

glenn.frasier@cutting.hou.tx.us (Glenn Frasier)  writes:


>I am wanting to add a SCSI drive to my system, however I have 2 IDEs in
>it now.  Can I just add a SCSI along with the 2 IDEs, or will I have to
>take out an IDE?  

>Also, which SCSI adapters are the best for OS/2.  I have heard of
>adaptec and always (sp.) but know very little about SCSI systems.

>Thanks for the help

>Internet:  stdjtk@shsu.edu
>           glenn.frasier@cutting.hou.tx.us

>___
> * MR/2 1.2x NR * OS/2: Windows with bullet-proof glass.
>                                                           
I would suggest you *not* use Always. They aren't supporting OS/2.
I used to have an Always SCSI board and junked it for an Adaptec.


-- 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Robert Wiegand - Motorola Inc.
uunet!motcid!wiegand
Disclamer: I didn't do it - I was somewhere else at the time.
From: bgm@cray.com (Bert Moshier)
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
Subject: Re: 300,000 sold in ten days
Date: 31 Aug 92 17:04:18 GMT
Organization: Cray Research, Inc.

In article <18045.1088.uupcb@satalink.com> bert.tyler@satalink.com (Bert Tyler)  writes:
> > IBM sent two "pros from Dover" (to use a MASH the movie term) to the
> > last MN OS/2 End-user Group meeting...
> > - OS/2 2.0 sold 300,000 copies in the last 10 days.  If this continues,
> >   it has a daily ship rate of 30,000 copies.
>
>Forgive me for being a skeptic, but given the humongous splash IBM has

No problem, you're forgiven.

>made about shipping (not selling) one million copies of OS/2 in 135 days
>(including the full-page ads featuring the opened bottles of champagne),
>one would expect an item like this to be promoted at a somewhat
>higher level than "two pros from Dover" at an end-user group meeting.
>I've yet to see an item like this cross any of the news wires, and
>I would expect the top OS/2 honchos to be shouting something like this
>from the rooftops - using bullhorns.  I certainly would be, if I were
>them.  I'll keep scanning the newswires, though.

I don't believe this is out of character for IBM.

Bert.
From: dic5340@hertz.njit.edu (David Charlap)
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
Subject: Re: New kernel fix
Date: 26 Aug 92 19:46:31 GMT
Organization: New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, N.J.

In article <1992Aug26.090610@axion.bt.co.uk> djackson@axion.bt.co.uk (Dave Jackson) writes:
>My config.sys sets swapper.dat to 2 Meg. This doesn't grow, but I do
>get "Out of Memory" Errors when I try to open, say, a third Win-OS2
>app seamlessly (same session). I don't get this with the old level
>kernel, which does grow. IBM's UK Help line have acknowledged this as
>a bug to me, and say a fix may not appear before the new version of
>OS/2 arrives. However I'll keep watching software.watson.ibm.com just
>in case. 

The "Out of memory" errors you refer to are not really running out of
memory.  I've run out of memory, and I get a full-screen popup stating
that the swapper partition is full.  I suspect that this error is due
to running out of system resources (like window handles, icon
pointers, etc.).

I've been saying this a lot recently, could anyone from IBM confirm or
deny this?

-- 
   |)  David Charlap           "I don't even represent myself
  /|_  dic5340@hertz.njit.edu   sometimes so NJIT is right out!.
 ((|,)
  ~|~  Hi! I am a .signature virus, copy me into your .signature file.
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc,comp.periphs.scsi
From: whitney@wcw.mro4.dec.com (Bill Whitney)
Subject: CDROM drives and OS2ASPI.DMD
Reply-To: whitney@wcw.mro4.dec.com (Bill Whitney)
Organization: Digital Equipment Corporation
Date: Fri, 4 Sep 1992 13:23:42 GMT



I'm having difficulty attaching both a SCSI CDROM and SCSI tape drive under
OS/2 V2.0. It appears as though OS2ASPI.DMD is allocating the CDROM drive
before the CDROM driver can attach to it.  If I comment out OS2ASPI.DMD the
CDROM loads o.k., but ASPITAPE.SYS can't (as expected).

Relevent config.sys lines:

IFS=G:\OS2\CDFS.IFS
BASEDEV=AHA154X.ADD
BASEDEV=OS2DADS.DMD
BASEDEV=OS2SCSI.DMD
BASEDEV=OS2ASPI.DMD
DEVICE=G:\OS2\CDROM.SYS /N:3 /I (SCSI CDROM @ ID=3)
DEVICE=H:\ADAPTEC\ASPITAPE.SYS TAPE$0 2 S1 (Tandberg TDC3600 @ ID=2)

I've tried a few combinations of switches on AHA154X.ADD to prevent the
ASPI driver from allocating the CDROM per the instructions in the aspibeta.zoo
kit (OS2_20.TXT):

    BASEDEV=AHA154X.ADD /A:0 /!DM:3 /SM:3
and
    BASEDEV=AHA154X.ADD /A:0 /!DM:3

This technique seems a little strange to me since it's not clear how the /!
switches communicate to the a specific driver so it's possible I have this
part wrong.

Thanks for any help.

Bill
--
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Bill Whitney                            (whitney@wcw.enet.dec.com)
Digital Equipment Corporation
Marlboro. Ma.

Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
From: Steve.Withers@bbs.actrix.gen.nz
Subject: Re: Desktop workspace size, ie VGA etc.
Organization: Actrix Information Exchange
Date: Thu, 27 Aug 1992 11:18:05 GMT

In article <1992Aug26.223047.15311@msuinfo.cl.msu.edu> vaitkus@oyster.cps.msu.edu (Keith P Vaitkus) writes:
> I need some advice. I am looking to buy a PC-compatible computer, namely a 486SX
> or DX, but I get the shakes when I think of that much hardware being controlled
> by MS DOS. I have used pc's but most of my experience has been on sun
> workstations with Xwindows and a very *large* color workspace. I don't care a
> whit for MSwindows or running their programs, if that will affect any of the 
> questions below.
> 
> Now for my questions: 
> [Please keep your answers sorta untechnical. Im not a hardware guru.]
> 
> 1) How large can the desktop be in OS2? Im not real familiar with all these
> resolution buzzwords, SVGA, S3, XGA, etc. In laymans terms, what kind of
> resolutions can I get? 1000x1000? The VGA 640x480 is far too small for me, but I
> have heard about problems os2 has supporting video cards. 

Low end...Trident 8900c video card. Cheap and great for OS/2. Supports
800x600x16 seamless windows. This resolution is about the most you want to use
on a 14" monitor. I consider 1024x768 on a 14" to be the preserve of the
bloody-minded. Things are just too small. 

Upmarket - the ATI Ultra in 8514/a mode. Very nice, though pricey.

> 
> (Having looked at this newsgroup I can seen that there still are a number of
> problems in this area.) 
> 
> 2) I am looking at a Gateway 2000 system and a Dell system. Can anyone tell me if
> there are any problems with these and high graphics resolutions? The Dell has a
> built in video driver, I believe, Is this going to cause me problems?

No Dell's in New Zealand, so I have no idea. 

> 
> 3) Lastly, does anyone have advice about whether I ought to get a SX or DX? Now,
> I know this is a sore issue for many people, (the SX is just a brain-dead DX,
> etc) but Im not a 'power user' and an SX seems like it will be powerfull enough
> for me, (I still have to use a 286 at work!) unless there is some great advantage
> at having the co-processor built in. It was my understanding that the
> co-processor had to be addressed directly to be used, ie it has special code
> requirements and is not automatically used by all programs. Is this still true?
> Will the DX rapidly increase my everyday general graphics performance?

A 486SX/25 will be great! Anything slower than that and you are better off to
get a 386DX/40. Cheaper and faster than the 486sx/20.

Steve
-- 
Steve Withers - Wellington, New Zealand | If you don't vote for MMP on 
Steve.Withers@bbs.actrix.gen.nz         |  September 19, 1992, then you 
withers_s@kosmos.wcc.govt.nz            |  must like things the way they 
**** Happy user of OS/2 v2!! ****       |  are.....can I live with YOU?
From: zorrilla@cattell.psych.upenn.edu (Eric Zorrilla)
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
Subject: Re: NEC Silentwriter2 model 95
Date: 2 Sep 92 03:20:02 GMT
Distribution: usa
Organization: University of Pennsylvania

>>>What postcript laser printers does everybody else use with OS/2?

>>I use the Model 90 using the Apple Laserwriter II as my driver - no problems
>>that I can see in output.

>>>Do the model 90 drivers work with
>>>it?

>>Do drivers for the Model 90 exist?  Where can they be gotten?

>I thought they were included with GA. At least thats what I think I use
>with my SW Model 95

GOD, do I feel like an idiot.  I looked under NEC instead of under Silent-
writer when I was installing my printer drivers some 4 months ago.  Geez!
Thanks and good luck convincing the bums to directly support you.

[--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------]
| Eric Zorrilla - Dept. of Psychology  | zorrilla@cattell.psych.upenn.edu     |
| University of Pennsylvania           | 3815 Walnut, Philadelphia, PA 19104  |
[--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------]
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc,comp.os.os2.advocacy
From: unruh@physics.ubc.ca (William Unruh)
Subject: Re: IS IBM UK STILL IN THE STONE AGE???- QUIT THIS THREAD!
Organization: University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
Date: Wed, 2 Sep 1992 03:23:43 GMT

ALRIGHT Already. This thread is running around in circles! Some feel IBM
should have written Herc drivers, some feel Herc should have. Most of us
don't give a damn.
And Please quit cross posting to every OS2 group!
Bill Unruh
unruh@physics.ubc.ca
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
From: duzan@tweety.cis.udel.edu (Gary D. Duzan)
Subject: Procom SCSI, Optical Disk, and NEC CD-ROM
Organization: Your Organization Could Be Here!
Date: Sat, 29 Aug 1992 17:33:19 GMT

   Has anyone gotten the Procom Erasable Optical Disk to work under 2.0?
The install program fails because it can't find ABIOS.SYS in the root
directory. Also, will the 2.0 CD-ROM driver work with an NEC CD-ROM drive
connected to the Procom SCSI card? Thanks.

                                   Gary D. Duzan
                                   Network Administrator
                                   Delaware State Hospital



-- 
                             duzan@cis.udel.edu
   _o_                       ------------------                         _o_
 [|o o|]       Virtual Reality? No thanks, I've already got one.      [|o o|]
  |_O_|       Disclaimer: I have no idea what I am talking about.      |_O_|
From: "robert eidswick" <robert.eidswick@execnet.com>
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
Subject: os/2 disk compression now
Date: 27 Aug 92 21:56:46 EST
Reply-To: "robert eidswick" <robert.eidswick@execnet.com>
Distribution: comp
Organization: Executive Networks Information

August 10, 1992

Proportional Software Corporation today announced the DCF/2
Disk Compression Facility for IBM's'@ OS/2@ Version 2.0.

  In response to the needs of IBM OS/2 users, Proportional
Software has introduced the first dynamic disk compression
technology for OS/2 Version 2.0. The DCF/2, or Disk
Compression Facility/2 allows users to increase their local
physical disk storage without affecting applications software
or system behaviour.

  On-the-fly disk compression using the DCF/2 results in 35%
to 70% additional disk space, depending on the types of
information on the disk and the level of compression selected.
The Proportional Software DCF/2 uses native OS/2 file
structures to compress standard file information into less
physical space -- resulting in making a hard disk appear
bigger than it really is!

  DCF/2 compression compares favourably with the other
programs, like Stacker(TM), Superstor(TM), and Doubledisk(TM)
that do similiar disk compression for DOS.

  According to Fred Schmidt, Sales Vice President at
Proportional, the typical OS/2 user requires over 50 MB of
physical disk space for the OS/2 operating system, it's
swapfile, and basic utilities. Even though OS/2 includes both
a complete DOS and Windows environment, this still means that
there is a real crunch for space when a user upgrades from a
DOS or Windows environment. The DCF/2 offers a quick, easy,
and simple solution to this problem.

  Proportional Software is introducing the DCF/2 at $99.95
through December 31, 1992. The U. S. list price is $129.95.
We have a special price of $64.98 (50% of list for IBM
employees(for personal use, only) if they fax the order with a
copy of their IBM badge.

  Contact Herb Smith at 1-800-666-4672 or by
FAX at 1-800-955-4672, for further information. Callers from
outside of the continenal United States please call voice at
(303)-484-2665 or by fax at (303)-484-2670

  Also, please mention my name when you call,  thank you.
                Robert Eidswick.
--
Executive Network Information System  (914) 667-4567
International ILink Host
Xref: sparky comp.os.os2.misc:29008 comp.sys.ibm.pc.misc:12154
From: usdgog@vtserf.cc.vt.edu (Greg Granger)
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc,comp.sys.ibm.pc.misc
Subject: Re: Why not OS/2 ???? Hmmmmmm
Date: 2 Sep 92 15:43:34 GMT
Followup-To: comp.os.os2.misc
Organization: Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA

In article <1992Sep2.152049.7982@colorado.edu> doug@shako.Colorado.EDU (Doug McKnight) writes:
>> "Come on, was it over when the Germans bombed Pearl Harbor?"
>                                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>>     Jeff Andle
>
>Ah, the youth of today...........


....
Ref: Animal House (the movie)

"It's a joke, boy"  

... That's the problem with old folks, the don't watch enough videos
<grin>

Greg
From: dic5340@hertz.njit.edu (David Charlap)
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
Subject: Re: unavailable ATM in Win-OS2 session
Date: 2 Sep 92 14:11:58 GMT
Organization: New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, N.J.

In article <rdippold.715391160@cancun> rdippold@cancun.qualcomm.com (Ron Dippold) writes:
>mm459504@LANCE.ColoState.Edu (Michael Miller) writes:
>>When I run a win-os2 session, the ATM icon is crossed out (didn't load)
>>and so I don't have ATM available to my windows programs...any clue
>>why?
>
>The ATM fonts for windoze aren't installed automatically.  Run the
>ATMCNTRL program, then choose "Add" fonts, place your Printer Disk 5
>in the drive, and tell the program to "Add" from there.  Grab all the
>ones you want and it'll install them.  ATM'll work then.  You might
>want to boost the font cache to 128K while you're at it, I find it
>helps sometimes.

Also note that ATM isn't active in WIN-OS2 starts in real mode.


-- 
   |)  David Charlap           "TELEPHONE, n.  An Invention of the devil which
  /|_  dic5340@hertz.njit.edu   abrogates some of the advantages of making a
 ((|,)                          disagreeable person keep his distance."
  ~|~                              --- Ambrose Bierce, The Devil's Dictionary
From: dic5340@hertz.njit.edu (David Charlap)
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
Subject: Re: GCC/GPP in c.b.os2 this week.
Date: 26 Aug 92 19:20:29 GMT
Organization: New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, N.J.

In article <5VqZPB6w164w@dvss.UUCP> dvss!jtroy@udel.edu (Jay Troy) writes:
>
>Why waste bandwidth with the new posting of GCC/G++ for OS/2 when the
>EMX version is already working just fine and WITH GDB SUPPORT??!!?!?!
>I can think of any number of other things that I'd like to see passing
>through that group that would be more worth while than yet another
>revision of a great GNU tool that doesn't even improve upon the current
>"latest and greatest" port.  It seems to me that man power efforts are
>wasted if talented people are performing simultaneous ports of the same
>target.
>
>I'm all for the spirit of competition, but the bandwidth comsumed by 82
>parts of the new C compiler is really a waste of many resources.  Maybe
>we should create a comp.os.os2.ports where developers can discuss and
>keep track of what others are working on.  Thus saving untold man-hours
>and resources.  Some coordination would benefit all of us.

You're going in the wrong direction.  If the bandwidth consimed is a
problem, then let's eliminate comp.binaries.* from the Net and have
everyone post an FTP address.  I wouldn't appreaciate that, though,
and I don't think anyone else here would.

Innovation becomes stifled if people don't develop packages because
"someone else has one out already".  Heck, why does Lotus write
software when Microsoft has a great package out, and vice versa?
Having more than one word processor and spreadsheet just wastes space
on dealers' shelves....

Besides, have a look at the bandwidth comsumed by
alt.binaries.pictures.* every day.  You'll realize that gcc/2 is
insignificant by comparison.
-- 
   |)  David Charlap           "I don't even represent myself
  /|_  dic5340@hertz.njit.edu   sometimes so NJIT is right out!.
 ((|,)
  ~|~  Hi! I am a .signature virus, copy me into your .signature file.
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
From: am66@cunixa.cc.columbia.edu (Alexander Maldutis)
Subject: PLEASE HELP - DRIVE C: NO LONGER READ BY OS/2
Reply-To: am66@cunixa.cc.columbia.edu (Alexander Maldutis)
Organization: Columbia University
Date: Wed, 26 Aug 1992 05:22:49 GMT


Hi!  I have a big and weird problem - OS/2 refuses to read drive C: directory.
That is, I can access the files on the disk if I know their names, see the
directory under DOS, and run the programs normally from the desktop.  I cannot,
however, use DIR in an OS/2 session, nor can I use the Drives program to read
it.

The problem started when I made several near simultaneous changes to my system:
I installed an HPFS drive as drive E;
I started using DIRMANPM instead of drives for file maintenance;
I accidentally deleted some files on C: and used Norton booted from floppy
	to retrieve them;
I got a message saying that I should chkdsk /f drive E:;
I tried to use the Alt-F1 combination during bootup to get a prompt and instead
	defaulted my OS/2 system.
I replaced the new system files with the old ones [*.ini and .sys]
I deleted startup.cmd because it kept popping up when I booted up.
I changed some cache settings in the IFS and Diskcache lines in my config.sys

I can't swear to it, but I'm sure that I used an OS/2 window to search for 
startup.cmd and delete it, but it had a file size of 0.  This would imply that
my deleting startup.cmd did the trick.

I would really appreciate any assistance in this matter.  The drive is 
physically there and works, so this is clearly an OS/2 problem.


******************************************************************718 776 7434*
MS-DOS  -  Next best thing to a real OS.*     Nemo me impune lacessit.
OS/2 2.0  -  A real OS.                 *     "There can be only one."
Win 3.x  -  No Comment.****************************am66@cunixa.cc.columbia.edu*
From: brown-sh@news.cis.ohio-state.edu (shawn c brown)
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
Subject: Is this system sufficient to run OS2 well???
Date: 3 Sep 92 17:25:00 GMT
Article-I.D.: tortoise.9209031725.AA23913
Organization: The Ohio State University Department of Computer and Information Science


	I have this system and wondered if it would be good enough to run
OS2 well, not just acceptably.

	386-33 w/64K RAM cache
	8 megs of RAM
	120 MB ISA hard disk (reasonably fast)
	Trident SVGA display card
	Non-interlaced monitor
	mouse (of course)

	I benchmarked the system board against a PS/2 Model 80 and it blew
it away, so I guess it's pretty fast...

-Shawn Brown
-The Ohio State University
Newsgroups: comp.os.os2.misc
From: sip1@ellis.uchicago.edu (Timothy F. Sipples)
Subject: Re: SPOOL size
Reply-To: sip1@midway.uchicago.edu
Organization: Dept. of Econ., Univ. of Chicago
Date: Wed, 2 Sep 1992 23:17:20 GMT

Please do not crosspost in the OS/2 hierarchy.  With your help we can
cut down duplicate traffic.  Thanks.

In article <tdukes.920831154949@alva.ee.eng.auburn.edu> tdukes@eng.auburn.edu (Todd J Dukes) writes:
>Is there any way to limit the size of the file created by SPOOLing 
>the printer. I printed out a rather large document (~160 pages) and
>the SPOOL file ate up all the space on my hard drive. Then OS/2 gave
>a warning about write fail writing to the SPOOL file. I waited a while
>and then pressed the Retry button. OS/2 locked up. I have to ctrl-alt-del.

Excellent question.  Apparently, no, although you can turn off the
print queue (to have the application wait on the printer) so that no
spooling takes place.

Look in OS/2 System -> System Setup for that control.

-- 
Timothy F. Sipples      | The OS/2 FREQ. ASKED QUESTIONS LIST is avail. from
sip1@ellis.uchicago.edu | 128.123.35.151, anonymous ftp, in /pub/os2/all/faq.
Dept. of Econ., Univ.   | Or from LISTSERV@BLEKUL11.BITNET (send "HELP").
of Chicago, 60637       | Family Values Means a Job