HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: tcora@PICA.ARMY.MIL (Tom Coradeschi <tcora>)
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
Subject: Re: Harley riders are JAGOFFS!!
Date: 7 Oct 92 14:37:00 GMT
Organization: Electric Armts Div, US Army ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ

Stafford@Vax2.Winona.MSUS.EDU (John Stafford) writes:
>In article <1992Oct6.041356.24740@javelin.sim.es.com>,
>blgardne@javelin.sim.es.com (Dances With Bikers) wrote:
>> 
>> >ST1100's remind me of Pacific Coasts,
>> 
>> Remind me to mention the "RC-34" Pathetic Coast that was seen cruising
>> around Steamboat at the races a couple of weeks ago. It's a damn shame
>> they didn't race it. Anyone for a GoldWing racing class? :-)
>                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>
>Yes!  I think it only equitable that there be a YammaHondaBago racing
>class.  Some class requisites include: Two-up riding manadatory.
>Trailers mandatory. Total weight of riders must exceed 340 pounds; 
>those weighing less will wear waist-mounted sand bags to make up the
>difference.  Intercom required.  CB required.  Passenger will recite
>the Custom Chrome Catalog address at least once per lap over the CB.
>Radios  and/or Tape, CD Players must be on and audible
>from 50 feet during race.  More ?

Yes. Pinstriping (to include the rider's and passenger's names) must be
implemented over at least 82.3% of the painted surfaces on the bike. The
on-board compressed air system must be fully cycled to raise and lower the
rear suspenion each time the start/finish line is crossed. At least 400W
of auxiliary lighting must be installed and operational during the race.
No use of leather clothing is to be permitted (gloves are the sole
exception). Only Country & Western music is permitted to be played.

OH: BMW K-bikes (RT & LT) are not permitted, for a variety of reasons.
Primary among them would be there lack of doo-dads, the tendency of their
owners to wear leather and that they'll easily run away from the pack.
-- 
 
                tom coradeschi    <+>    tcora@pica.army.mil
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
Subject: Re: Harley riders are JAGOFFS!!
From: Stafford@Vax2.Winona.MSUS.EDU (John Stafford)
Date: 8 Oct 92 14:06:37 -0600
Followup-To: rec.motorcycles
Distribution: world
Organization: MSUS

In article <1992Oct8.142528.5549@cbnewsm.cb.att.com>, shz@garage.att.com
(Keeper of the 'Tude) wrote:
> 
[...]
> 
> Harleys first captivated me when I pulled up along side one on my CB350
> years ago and saw how the whole thing pulsated and bounced at idle.  I
> remember that day every time I stop at a traffic light...
> 
> - Roid

Yes!  Well put!  Pulse is what the Harleys do and bounce is what
the old Harley's did in addition.  Some Brit iron, too.  It is
the Harley's particulary visceral qualities that distinguish it
from later designs.  In years, I've heard few observations that
do these qualities justice.

One stands out.  Once when I was a kid, some of uswere hanging
outside of a hardware store when a Harley pulled up and the 
rider went inside.  Some of the guys were trying to describe the
certain something about the cadence of the Harley idle.  We 
floundered.  The elderly woman who ran the store followed the
biker out and watched him when he left.  When he was gone from
sight, she said "I always liked the sound of a Harley.  It sounds
like I feel after I come."  We died.

  
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
From: rwaters@spdg.com (Rolland Waters)
Subject: Please ignore this, too, my poster's broke...
Organization: What, me organized?
Date: Fri, 9 Oct 1992 18:41:04 GMT

Since you didn't, maybe you can help me out. I just got this bike, and
the chain's a little loose.  It's hitting the stay above the sprocket
and it's chipping the paint.  Should I repaint it?  What kind of
paint?  The guy who sold me the bike said I should just spray the
chain with water, and after it rusted up it would be stiffer and not
flop around so much.  Is this true?  Will moving the rear wheel back
work instead?  Please help, I wanna go ride.


Rolland
From: delilah@next08pg2.wam.umd.edu (Romeo DeVerona)
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
Subject: Re: Harley riders are JAGOFFS!!
Date: 9 Oct 92 06:04:42 GMT
Organization: Workstations at Maryland, University of Maryland, College Park

In article <1992Oct8.224026.1@acme.claremont.edu> greg@acme.claremont.edu  
(Tigger) writes:
> In article <1992Oct7.192111.17919@wam.umd.edu>,  
delilah@next09epsl.wam.umd.edu (Romeo DeVerona) writes:
> > 
> > i looked into it myself (i.e., took rides on harleys to see if  
> > there was any advantage from a pure riding viewpoint; there wasn't) 
> 
> I find the riding position of sportbikes uncomfortable as hell.  On
> the other hand, I find the riding position of cruisers to be very
> comfortable.  That sounds to me like a pure riding advantage, at
> least for me.  If you want to believe that all Harley riders are in
> it so other people will associate them with the mystique, go ahead.
> But you'll be wrong.  Some of us just think they're beautiful bikes
> that are a pleasure to ride.
> 
> Greg
> DoD #0486
> No, my current ride isn't a Harley

you misunderstood me slightly; i'm not saying that there is no advantage  
whatsoever to the style, your point is perfectly valid. my claim is that  
there is no particular riding advantage when you differentiate by brand;  
that is, i don't see the basis for some of these "harleys are god's gift  
to the world" attitude; there doesn't seem to be any such basis. THAT was  
my point.

-D-
From: carlp@frigg.isc-br.com (Carl Paukstis)
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
Subject: Re: I won? (NOT!) (really DoD pets)
Keywords: cager,asshole
Date: 8 Oct 92 19:03:07 GMT
Organization: ISC-Bunker Ramo, An Olivetti Company

cjackson@adobe.com (Curtis Jackson) writes:

>All he has to say is "I thought I saw a cat." Then he has a valid reason
>to stop, and the person behind shouldn't have been following close enough
>to hit him. (Me, I would have said "I thought I saw a dog"; I might
>just speed up for a cat).

OOOHHH! a cat-hater!

Don't you think cats, being much more individualistic, aloof, etc. are
much better pets for flaming individualists like motorcyclists?

Dogs are big and loveable and devoted and STUPID (they'll do anything
just to please you).  Cats don't give a damn what you think, and if
they fall over, scramble, almost-die during some stupid maneuver -
they just look up to see if anybody's looking, and then put on that 
"I _meant_ to do that" look.  Prefect biker attitude.

If we didn't already have llamas, I'd nominate cats as the Official
Pets of the DoD.

--
Carl Paukstis, RRR&RSG           | "Good men must not obey the laws too well"
 ISC-Bunker Ramo / Spokane, WA   |    -- Ralph Waldo Emerson
 Phone: +1 509 927-5439          |  
 Mail: carlp@frigg.isc-br.com    |  My employer accepts no responsibility...
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
From: mcardle@prl.philips.nl (Owen McArdle)
Subject: Re: NTV600 Revealed!!
Organization: Philips Research Laboratories, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Date: Tue, 13 Oct 1992 10:02:55 GMT

In article <1992Oct12.183050.14516@cs.ucla.edu> noemi@maui.cs.ucla.edu (Noemi Berry) writes:
[...]
--The Hawk is not available in europe.

	Except as an import from the US....
--
--the only place i saw Reveres this summer in Europe was in German
--Honda dealerships.  they don't have anywhere near the street
--presence that Honda's mega-popular TransAlp 600V does.  but in

	They're also available in the Netherlands & France - there's
one sitting over in our bike-sheds at the moment. My (French) brother-in-
law is thinking of changing his TransAlp for one, so maybe it doesn't 
lose out too badly there either. I've seen a few of 'em on my travels,
but not too many.

	"Bike-sheds ?" I hear you ask ? Being in the Netherlands, we have 
a bike-shed beside each car-park (~5), and the last section is reserved
for motorbikes. Means we get a covered parking area away from the cars.
Each section is good for 10-15 motorbikes, provided the pushbikes haven't
gotten there first.

-- 
Owen P.McArdle          || e-mail : mcardle@prl.philips.nl
Philips Research Labs.  || 'phone : +31-40-742824
Eindhoven, Nederland    || vice	  : XJ600S      DOD#0335
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
From: jlp@blink.att.com (Jon Peticolas(x7058))
Subject: Re: Harley Outperforms ZX11, Film at Eleven
Organization: AT&T
Date: Tue, 13 Oct 1992 21:46:08 GMT
Keywords: flames spooge yes no maybe

car377@cbnewsj.cb.att.com (charles.a.rogers) writes:

>In article <1992Oct12.151327.2997@elektro.cmhnet.org>, root@elektro.cmhnet.org (Charlie Smith) writes:
>> 
>> * * *   [  about 130 lines of "yes it does / no it doesn't" deleted  ]   * * *
>>                                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>> I thought rec.moto.harley was invented for this type of verbal spooge ???

>No no no, r.m.h was invented so the inhabitants thereof wouldn't have
>to tolerate this type of verbal spooge from sportbike riders (like me).  

Wow...like agreement.

>BTW, this phenomenon is an existence proof that subgroups don't work.  
>If I had cross-posted it to r.m.h, then I'd have a closed-form solution 
>for the proof as well.  However, I do not believe in the existence of
>r.m.h, and cross-posting to non-existent groups is a violation of 
>Netiquette.  

Oops...Disagreement.

Seems to me, the existence of spooge in rec.motorcycles isn't
proof of anything more significant than a working newsfeed. 

That spooge about or pertaining to a magnificent example of 
agricultural engineering has remained in rec.motorcycles, while 
a veritable gold mine of tasty morsels and crunchy bits about 
or pertaining to the aforementioned magnifacence has flourished 
in rec.motorcycles.harley, is literally a delight to those of us
who not only believe, but have realized our vehicle.  Indeed a 
cursory examination of r.m.h should make it clear to the most 
casual and disinterested of observers that r.m.h has a crunchy 
bits/spooge ratio that would, were it more widely known, be the 
indisputable envy of the network (and we'd like to keep it that way). 
   _____            
  (__ __)___   __  _
 _  ( ) /   \ (  \( )
( )_( )(  O  )( \ \ )
 \___/  \___/ (_)\__)
From: shz@garage.att.com (Keeper of the 'Tude)
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
Subject: Re: Blue over blue pipes
Date: 6 Oct 92 21:24:48 GMT
Organization: Office of 'Tude Licensing

In article <1992Oct6.130259.15123@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>, mlj8e@mljsg.pharm.Virginia.EDU (Michael Johnson) writes:
> While it is true that a richer mixture will probably slow the blue
> color, your mixture is not always to lean because the pipes are 
> turning blue.  A fuel mixture rich enough to stop the pipes from
> turning blue is probably too rich and will waste gas and lower the
> horsepower.

I read somewhere that too rich of a mixture can also blue the pipes.  The
extra unburnt fuel continues burning in the pipe and creates extra heat
that causes the discoloration.

- Roid
Xref: sparky rec.motorcycles:36008 rec.motorcycles.racing:1212
From: declrckd@rtsg.mot.com (Dan J. Declerck)
Subject: Re: Harley Outperforms ZX11, Film at Eleve
Organization: Motorola Inc., Cellular Infrastructure Group
Date: Thu, 15 Oct 1992 17:02:27 GMT

In article <1bf3atINNs4c@sixgun.East.Sun.COM> egreen@east.sun.com writes:
>In article 16332@husc3.harvard.edu, zeleny@husc10.harvard.edu (Michael Zeleny) writes:
>>In article <1992Oct13.152140.8162@news.yale.edu> 
>>rescorla@rtnmr.chem.yale.edu (Eric Rescorla) writes:
>>>Seeing as Harley basically sells it's entire production NOW, how is
>>>it going to sell more bikes by building sport bikes?
>>
>>If they make more bikes, they can sell more bikes.  
>
>Wrong.  They can only sell bikes to people that want to buy them.  Just
>because they sell every Harley bike they make now does not mean they
>can sell 7 sportsbikes.

Buell Motor Company makes about 500 bikes a year.
It sells every one, and is pretty much sold out thru 1993.
Harley could buy out Eric Buell...


>
>
>American Airlines has sold more tickets this summer than anytime in
>their history.  They lost ~$3 billion.

American Airlines sells a service and not a product...
It's not the same thing. Harley could make cost of production equivalent to the Japanese,
and then beat 'em on price (like Ford is doing).

>
>>If they make more money, they can invest
>>it in new production facilities and hire more workers. 
>
>Yep.
>
>>If they expand
>>their production facilities and hire more workers, they can make more
>>bikes, sell them all, and make even more money.  
>
>Assumption 1: expanded facilities + more workers = higher production.
>Plausable, but far from axiomatic.
>
>Assumption 2: they can sell all the sports bikes they can build.
>Ludicrous.

If I ever win the lottery, I will create an American Sport-bike company.



>
>Assumption 3: more sales == more money.
>Ever heard of American Airlines?
>
>>Generally speaking, this
>>is how capitalism works.  
>
>Simple concepts for simple minds?
>
>>Film at eleven.
>
>Good.  Some people need pictures.
>
Most people need leaders, not followers (I'm not aiming this at you, Ed, just HD)

>
>---
>Ed Green, former Ninjaite |I was drinking last night with a biker,
>  Ed.Green@East.Sun.COM   |and I showed him a picture of you.  I said,
>DoD #0111  (919)460-8302  |"Go on, get to know her, you'll like her!"
> (The Grateful Dead) -->  |It seemed like the least I could do...
>


-- 
=> Dan DeClerck                      |  EMAIL: dand%isdgsm@rtsg.mot.com   <=
=> Motorola Intl Subscriber Group    |                                    <=
=>                                   |  Phone: (708) 632-4486             <=
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: paulb@harley.tti.com (Paul Blumstein)
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
Subject: Re: From which side do you mount?
Date: 16 Oct 92 18:35:39 GMT
Organization: Black Belt Motorcyclists Association

In article <1992Oct15.084437.14671@walter.cray.com> kjberte@cray.com writes:
+
+The back :-)
+
+Lone Ranger sytle  ;-)

The Lone Ranger was Greek?
____________________________________________________________________________
There are two types of people in the world: There are those that divide 
the world into two different types and there are those that don't.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Paul Blumstein, paulb@harley.tti.com, DoD #36, ABATE, AMA, HOG, KD6LAA
            Transaction Technology, Inc., Santa Monica, CA
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
From: karish@pangea.Stanford.EDU (Chuck Karish)
Subject: Re: 80/81 CB750 s
Summary: wobbling
Organization: Mindcraft, Inc.
Date: Mon, 12 Oct 1992 23:45:54 GMT

In article <16110226@hpsad.sad.hp.com> frankb@hpsad.sad.hp.com
(Frank Ball) writes:
>In rec.motorcycles, cbrooks@ms.uky.edu (Clayton Brooks) writes:
>  frankb@hpsad.sad.hp.com (Frank Ball) writes:
>  >The F model might be ok, but I would stay away from the K model.  They were
>  >real wobblers.  Serious speed wobbles anytime you hit a bump (1/4"= a bump)
>  >at high speed (80 or 90 mph or so).
>
>> Are you making this claim based on the one bike?
>> I never had this problem that you talk about.
>> (1979 Honda CB750K)
>
>Two bikes.  My friends 1981, which wobbled like crazy from the day he bought
>it, and another owner I talked to with unknown year/milage.

My '80 wiggles a bit in bumpy corners at high speed, but
I wouldn't classify this as a "serious speed wobble".
There is no tendency to go into a divergent mode
(aka "tank slapper").

It also does a drunken weave when I ride it at in-town
speeds after an hour or so at 85+.  Probably due to
shock fade.  This is with Fox shocks and springs that
are probably a bit too soft.

>Another item was that they definiatly like premium gasoline to prevent
>knocking.

Mine doesn't care.  Jetting helps.


--

    Chuck Karish          karish@mindcraft.com
    (415) 323-9000 x117   karish@pangea.stanford.edu
From: scs8@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu (Sebastian C Sears)
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
Subject: Re: I won? (NOT!) [Hey Sebastian!]
Date: 8 Oct 92 20:56:07 GMT
Reply-To: scs8@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu (Sebastian C Sears)
Organization: Columbia University

In article <1992Oct8.192744.18896@adobe.com> cjackson@adobe.com (Curtis Jackson) writes:
>In article <1b1vqpINNrhr@sixgun.East.Sun.COM> egreen@east.sun.com writes:
>}The original poster hit the front quarterpanel of the cage.  He has a
>}shot at successfully blaming the cager.
>
>The original poster (Sebastian) was in the left-hand side of his lane,
>and drove his highway bar into the cage's "body panel". Nowhere did
>he say "front" in connection with that body panel, and I think it is
>a bit of a leap to say that because he hit *a* body panel and he was
>in the LHS of the lane, that he must have his a front body panel. He
>might have, of course.
>
>Sebastian?

	Heh heh, I think I'm being paged...

	I hit the guy in the left *FRONT* quarter panel, right behind the front
	wheel of the car and in front of his front door. I impaled my highway
	peg there, but he was still able to open his door to get out (and
	therefore hear more clearly my ranting string of curses).

-------
Not bored, pissed. Word to wise (from the dumb):  CU Econ Dept. *SUCKS SHIT*
Sea-Bass Sears --> scs8@cunixb.cc.columbia.edu --> DoD#516 <-- |Stanley, ID.|
'79 Yamaha XS750F -- '85 Toyota 4Runner -- Perception Corisca  |    NYC, NY.|
From: joe@zx11.cactus.org (Joe Senner)
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
Subject: Re: ST1100 still reigns supreme
Date: 9 Oct 92 13:21:11 GMT
Reply-To: joe@zx11.cactus.org
Distribution: world
Organization: NOT

blgardne@javelin.sim.es.com (Dances With Bikers) writes:
]joe@woody.mpd.tandem.com (Joe Senner) writes:
]>]]What can you get for a BMW that you can't get for my FJ?
]>significantly cheaper insurance, 
]I'm paying a couple hundred a year for full coverage, what's your BMW
]cost?

the same. are with a "typical" insurance company in the "typical"
category? sounds to me like you're the exception to the rule...

if you were 16 would your insurance be that low?

]>and a BMW [mfg'd by Cross (tm)] pen & pencil set.
]And folks say that the DoD has gone off the deep end on merchandising
]tie-ins. :-)

that's one of the more docile things they have, I didn't even mention
the BMW suspendors, or the BMW swiss army knifes, or the BMW designer
stationary, or the ...

-- 
Joe Senner                                                 joe@zx11.Cactus.Org
Austin, TX                                                       92 BMW K100RS
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
From: jmcocker@eos.ncsu.edu (Mitch)
Subject: ** NEWBIE WARM-UP QUESTION **
Originator: jmcocker@c00572-1403br.eos.ncsu.edu
Reply-To: jmcocker@eos.ncsu.edu (Mitch)
Organization: North Carolina State University, Project Eos
Date: Thu, 15 Oct 1992 14:59:26 GMT


Hi all,

I'm a happy owner of an '86 Honda Rebel 250, and I have a question about
warm-up times for the air-cooled engine.  If I get on, crank up, turn the
choke off, and go, the MC bogs down in first gear until I have ridden
a good bit.  (This is on warm days, say 75-80 degrees).  If I let the MC
sit idling with no choke for five minutes, I get a much better response
on the throttle; it's much easier to accelerate.  (Again, on a warm day).

Now, lately, we have had some cold weather here in Raleigh, (past coupla
weeks) and in order to not get an extremely sluggish response in first gear,
I have to let the MC idle for at least ten minutes for the intitial start,
and usually five minutes for starts after that.

Could somebody out there with knowledge of motorcycle engines, etc... 
please explain this stuff to me?  I know that you have to give an engine
some time to warm up, but _ten_minutes_?  Also, is this warm-up period
different for liquid-cooled or oil-cooled bikes?  And how does engine
displacement size affect warm-up? 

No, I have not  taken the MSF RC.  I will, I promise.  And no, the guy
I bought my moto from did not have the operator's manual.  I would
greatly appreciate some informative responses.  Please reply through
e-mail.

Thanks in advance,

Mitch ----------------------> jmcocker@eos.ncsu.edu

"I am Guybrush Threepwood.  Prepare to die." - G.T., MI2
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
From: rich@grebyn.com (Richard Lawrence)
Subject: Re: Pretty Fuckin' Happy
Organization: Grebyn Timesharing
Date: Tue, 13 Oct 1992 15:07:10 GMT

In article <1bcolfINN3c3@hpsdde.sdd.hp.com> curt@hpsdde.sdd.hp.com (Curt Nelson) writes:
>Well, I'm pretty fuckin' happy!  After many months of reading the mags
>and watching the Cycle Trader, I found and bought a (almost) new '92
>Seca II last night.  2800 miles, black, center stand, tank bra, engine
>guards, $3,000.  Deal?  I think so, based on what I've seen in the papers...

Before, or after the state screwed you because you were spending money?
Mine was $3500 with 0.0 miles on it, then the state and the feds took
their commision...

>to hit the twisties in eastern San Diego county.  (Sure, I know the 
>Seca is no CBR900RR, but you're no John Kennedy, and its a logical 
>and affordable progression for me...)

It sure isn't. It's a blast to ride, it handles well, it looks great.
But when you line up next to the CBR at a light, just smile and nod your
head. 

Personally, I think there has been a *lot* of rec.moto snobbery about
the SecaII because it's neat, and too affordable for most of the die
hards around here. I've been very happy with mine, and even after
receiving my new job and commeasurate skyrocket in salary, I hung onto
her. Maybe next year I'll look at the Goof2's, don't know. 

>
>-----------------------------------------------------------------------
>Curt Nelson   San Diego, CA                      curt@hpsdde.sdd.hp.com
>'92 Seca II                                  Displays of Decadence #731
     ^^^^^^^
Congrats.

>'86 Honda Rebel 450                  Disclaimer:  I don't speak for H-P
>-----------------------------------------------------------------------


-- 
Rich Lawrence, Synoptics Systems Engineer  DOD#9630  rich@grebyn.com
     '92 Seca II "Yuri"  CI$:71101,2272  GEnie:R.LAWRENCE14
 "Garth, marriage is punishment for shoplifting in some countries."
From: bd@fluent@dartmouth.EDU (Brice Dowaliby)
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
Subject: Re: Flame Bait (was: Re: Drag racing)
Date: 7 Oct 92 16:31:52 GMT
Reply-To: bd%fluent@dartmouth.EDU
Distribution: usa
Organization: Fluent Inc., Lebanon NH


behanna@phoenix.syl.nj.nec.com (Chris BeHanna) writes:

>"Victimless crime" is an oxymoron.

Not true.  Smoking dope is a victimless crime, many times.
-- 
   Brice Dowaliby, Fluent Inc., 10 Cavendish Court, Lebanon, NH  03766
                         bd%fluent@dartmouth.edu        
             I don't speak for them, they don't speak for me
                              DoD # 0698
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles,misc.wanted
From: jpg@wam.umd.edu (Stephen A. Jackson)
Subject: CB750 ALTERNATOR WANTED
Organization: University of Maryland, College Park
Distribution: dc
Date: Mon, 12 Oct 1992 21:12:38 GMT


Please contact me if you can supply an alternator stator and/or

rotor for my '80 CB750F.  One from a 1979 or later motor should

work fine.

Thanks,  

James
From: elef@smarmy.Eng.Sun.COM (there's a bag o' gorillas under my desk)
Newsgroups: rec.motorcycles
Subject: 1982 FT500 Ascot for sale, $900 firm
Keywords: don't call me, it's not mine..
Date: 12 Oct 92 15:38:45 GMT
Reply-To: elef@smarmy.Eng.Sun.COM
Distribution: ca
Organization: Sun Microsystems
NNTP-Posting-Host: smarmy.eng.sun.com


i''m posting this for my stepbrother, who has no net access - please
call jay at (209) 825-0508 for further details.

1982 FT500 Ascot for sale
  -less than 12000 miles
  -very clean condition
  -new chain, battery, and front tire

price is $900 firm.  the bike is located in stockton, but delivery to the
bay area can be arranged.