HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: szabo@techbook.com (Nick Szabo)
Newsgroups: sci.cryonics
Subject: Re: Skull removal during suspension
Date: 17 Dec 92 11:39:40 GMT
Article-I.D.: techbook.BzEJ26.M39
Organization: TECHbooks of Beaverton Oregon - Public Access Unix

>[keithl@klic.klic.rain.com (Keith Lofstrom) suggests
> removing much skull to perfuse brain from outside]

Hi, Keith!  Interesting idea.  Another possibility [nb: these
are brainstorms, not recommendations] for more directly 
perfusing the brain is inserting catheters through the carotid 
artery into the brain.  Besides delivering perfusant these might 
also deliver oxygen, glucose, barbituates, etc. directly into the 
brain's bloodstream.   We again have a risk of brain inury, but it 
involves control of the catheter, not extra care in transporting 
the exposed-brain patient.  The two techniques might be synergistic; 
skull removal to perfuse the outside brain surface and carotid catheter 
to perfuse the inside.  The time needed to remove skull or insert 
catheter must be taken into account; perhaps its longer than the extra 
time needed for indirect perfusion to work its way into the brain.

An advanced, big-$$$ technique might involve putting perfusant
in liposomes.  These drug-bubbles would, once beside or inside
the target brain cells, burst and spill their payload of 
cryoprotectants, free-radical eaters, etc.

Are anything like these techniques used for resuscitation of
desparate cases in hospital emergency rooms?   Resuscitation and 
cryonics preparation have similar goals, keeping the brain alive.  
I've imagined the day when a patient, being pronounced legally dead 
and prepared for suspension, wakes up instead!


Nick Szabo				szabo@techbook.com
-- 
Nick Szabo					 szabo@techboook.com
From: pmetzger@snark.shearson.com (Perry E. Metzger)
Subject: Re: Why not die???
Organization: /usr/local/lib/news/organization
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 1992 23:29:27 GMT

spissinger@urz.unibas.ch writes:
>
>What's so bad about dying?
>Isn't more intelligent to accept the inevitable than to start all these
>senseless efforts of cryonics?
>Why should future generations on an overcrowded planet be interested in waking
>up the frozen dead?
>
>--Don't freeze me: cremate me!--

If you really believe that, I suggest that you work to relieve the
overcrowding on the planet right now and kill yourself. After all, its
the good altruistic thing to do.

As for the rest of us, read the FAQ for why we aren't interested in
what you have to say.

--
Perry Metzger		pmetzger@shearson.com
--
"They can have my RSA key when they pry it from my cold dead fingers."
From: boshoff@sunvax.sun.ac.za (Hendrik Boshoff)
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
Subject: Re: Fractals and Wavelets
Date: 15 Dec 92 13:21:48 +0200
Organization: University of Stellenbosch

In article <78299@hydra.gatech.EDU>, jgostin@mal-s1.gatech.edu (Jill Gostin) writes:
> 
> Can anyone tell me how wavelets and fractals relate to each other,
> or point me to a good reference? I don't know much about wavelets
> at all.                             
> 
> Thanks,
> Jill
> -- 
> Jill Butterfield Gostin                EMAIL: jgostin@mal-s1.gatech.edu
> Georgia Institute of Technology, GTRI Modeling and Analysis Lab
> "Happiness is excitement that has found a settling down place..."
> -E.L. Konigsburg, _From the Mixed-up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler_

Hi, I found one paper connecting the two subjects:

GC Freeland and TS Durrani, ``IFS Fractals and the Wavelet Transform,''
  Proc. ICASSP '90, New Mexiko, pp 2345--2348.

and it refers to a few others:

A Arneodo, G Grasseau and M Holschneider, ``Wavelet transform of
  Multi-fractals,'' Physical Review Letters, Vol 61, pp 2281--2284, 1988.

F Argoul et al, ``Wavelet Transform of Fractal Aggregates,'' Physics
  Letters, A, Vol 135, No 6/7 pp 327--336, 1989.


I suppose it depends on what you mean by `fractals.' If you take
it to mean some set which is (deterministically or randomly) self-similar
or self-affine over a wide range of scales, then multi-resolution 
analysis is appropriate.

Wavelets is a framework bringing together many approaches to
such analysis, inter alia subband coding, quadrature mirror 
filters and pyramidal coding.

A nice introduction to wavelets is given in the IEEE Signal Processing
Magazine of October 1991 (Oliver Rioul and Martin Vetterli, ``Wavelets
and Signal Processing,'' pp 14--38) with *many* references.

They compare the wavelet transform to the short time Fourier transform
via the general *Wigner distribution.*

So at least wavelets may be used to analyse fractals, and maybe to
generate a few new ones. The emphasis in wavelets is generally
to get a complete set of orthonormal (or at least biorthogonal) wavelets.
A new set may be needed for each application.

Hendrik
-- 
                         Hendrik F.V. Boshoff                              
    Dept E&E Ingenieurswese             Dept E&E Engineering               
    Universiteit van Stellenbosch       University of Stellenbosch         
    SUID-AFRIKA                         SOUTH AFRICA                       
                      email boshoff@firga.sun.ac.za                        

Newsgroups: sci.fractals
From: g1400050@nickel.laurentian.ca
Subject: Re: Sofware for measuring fractal dimension ?
Organization: Laurentian University
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 1992 04:22:43 GMT

In article <1992Dec14.122503.4675@jyu.fi>, tola@jyu.fi (Teemu Lahteenmaki) writes:
> Does anyone know is there any software availble for measuring fractal
> dimension ? The analyzis would be done from digitized images. As the
> images can have meny gray-scales it would be useful to have some kind of
> contrast-option.. 
> Any sources would be appreciated.
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> ____________________________________________________________
> I  Teemu Lahteenmaki - student of mathematical computing   I
> I  Intergalactical University of Jyvaskyla, Finland        I
> I_ tola@jyu.fi ___________ 25 30'32" East 62 37'59" North _I
I use Ultimage on a Mac to measure sierpinski fractal dimensions.  The
software works great on up to 256 shades of grey and colour.  I think
it is also available for the IBM.  

Michael Bardeggia

Dr. Brian Kaye's
Fineparticle Research Group
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
From: ctdonath@mothra.syr.EDU (Carl T. Donath)
Subject: Re: How much faster?
In-reply-to: noring@netcom.com's message of Tue, 15 Dec 1992 02:28:00 GMT
Organization: Syracuse University
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 92 13:25:21 EST

A 486-66 will run, in general, about 6 times faster than a 386-33.
Fractint running in floating point mode may be, say, 7 or 8 times faster
(more efficient FPU plus shorter communication time between CPU and FPU).
These are generalizations. Anyone got some real benchmarks with Fractint?

------

Speaking of speed, how much would people give for a Mandelbrot/Julia generator
board that, say, runs a few times faster than a 486 and computes with 128-bit
precision? I've been thinking of developing a Mandelbrot/Julia chip, and want
to know if it would be worth my time.

--
  _____/ ctdonath@rodan.acs.syr.edu   Carl T Donath \_____
 / The second amendment is the only right that guarantees \
 \        the preservation of all other rights.           /
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
From: mroussel@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca (Marc Roussel)
Subject: Re: phase space
Organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 04:09:11 GMT

In article <FARID.92Dec14141233@gradient.cis.upenn.edu>
farid@gradient.cis.upenn.edu (Hany Farid) writes:
>Excuse the ignorance but in James Gleick's book title "Chaos" on page
>50 he shows signals in a 'traditional time space' and in a 'phase
>space'.  Can anyone explain in lay terms how to translate a signal
>from time space to phase space, and perhaps what exactly phase space
>is.

     The idea of a phase space is contained in most elementary books on
differential equations.  Let's take a simple example.  Suppose you have
a pair of autonomous differential equations

	  dx
	  -- = f(x,y)
	  dt

	  dy
	  -- = g(x,y)
	  dt

Because of the existence and uniqueness theorem for systems of
autonomous differential equations, there is one and only one solution
curve (trajectory) of this system passing through every point (x0,y0) of
the xy phase plane.  There are different ways to think about this
result, but the upshot is that you can simply disregard time and think
of this system as defining trajectories in the phase plane rather than
solutions in an (x,y,t) space.  You can convince yourself that the
trajectories satisfy the equation

	  dy   g(x,y)
	  -- = ------
	  dx   f(x,y)

so that time can be formally eliminated from the equations themselves.

				Marc R. Roussel
                                mroussel@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca


P.S., to Hany:  There is no such newsgroup as sci.chaos so I'm posting
this to sci.fractals.
From: kolombet@venus.iteb.serpukhov.su
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
Subject: Fractal Universe
Date: 19 Dec 92 02:31:34 GMT
Organization: Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics

Does anybody know somewhat about the term "Fractal Universe"?
I want to obtain references to sci. papers too.
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
From: gilligan@cs1.bradley.edu (Edward Henigin)
Subject: Re: Fractals and Wavelets
Organization: Bradley University
Distribution: na
Date: 15 Dec 92 01:02:56 GMT

In <78299@hydra.gatech.EDU> jgostin@mal-s1.gatech.edu (Jill Gostin) writes:

>Can anyone tell me how wavelets and fractals relate to each other,
>or point me to a good reference? I don't know much about wavelets
>at all.                             

If you're interested in wavelets, might I encourage you to also take a
look at soliton stuff.  Some researchers are gaining some interesting
insights into wave nature because of research into solitons.

If you don't have much time . . then . . maybe not, but if you're interested,
there's some cool stuff in it.

Sorry, no references, but there have been some good magazine articles on
solitons, so check your local library (GIT has to have a good library, ey?)

>Thanks,
>Jill Butterfield Gostin                EMAIL: jgostin@mal-s1.gatech.edu

--
|ed -- gilligan@camelot.bradley.edu                                          |
|   -- gilligan@cs1.bradley.edu     | If you want a friend, feed any animal. |
|    Are you deviant?  Probably.    |           -Jane's Addiction            |
From: jgostin@mal-s1.gatech.edu (Jill Gostin)
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
Subject: Fractals and Wavelets
Date: 14 Dec 92 21:58:31 GMT
Organization: Georgia Tech Res. Inst., Modeling & Analysis Lab


Can anyone tell me how wavelets and fractals relate to each other,
or point me to a good reference? I don't know much about wavelets
at all.                             

Thanks,
Jill
-- 
Jill Butterfield Gostin                EMAIL: jgostin@mal-s1.gatech.edu
Georgia Institute of Technology, GTRI Modeling and Analysis Lab
"Happiness is excitement that has found a settling down place..."
-E.L. Konigsburg, _From the Mixed-up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler_
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
From: dharris@hurricane.gatech.edu (Dave Harris)
Subject: Re: Sofware for measuring fractal dimension ?
Organization: Georgia Tech Research Institute, Signature Technology Lab
Date: Fri, 18 Dec 1992 13:21:16 GMT
X-Posted-From: hurricane.gatech.edu
NNTP-Posting-Host: sol.ctr.columbia.edu

>>In article <1992Dec14.122503.4675@jyu.fi>, tola@jyu.fi (Teemu Lahteenmaki) writes:
>> Does anyone know is there any software availble for measuring fractal
>> dimension ? The analyzis would be done from digitized images. As the
>> images can have meny gray-scales it would be useful to have some kind of
>> contrast-option.. 
>> Any sources would be appreciated.
>> ____________________________________________________________
>> I  Teemu Lahteenmaki - student of mathematical computing   I
>> I  Intergalactical University of Jyvaskyla, Finland        I
>> I_ tola@jyu.fi ___________ 25 30'32" East 62 37'59" North _I
>
>I use Ultimage on a Mac to measure sierpinski fractal dimensions.  The
>software works great on up to 256 shades of grey and colour.  I think
>it is also available for the IBM.  
>
>Michael Bardeggia

   I wrote a program to estimate fractal dimension and lacunarity using the
method presented by Keller, Chen, and Crownover: "Texture Description and
Segmentation through Fractal Geometry", Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image
Processing, 45:150-66, 1989.  It takes gray-scale images and returns the
estimated fractal dimension, D, and various lacunarity numbers ( C(L) in the
paper).  It tends to over-estimate low dimensions and under-estimate high
dimensions, but that's the limitation of the box dimension algorithm.  It
should be good for relative measurements though.  If anyone's interested, send
E-mail, but don't expect a reply until after the holiday.  --Dave.H

David E. Harris                |"I wanted to play hopscotch with the
Georgia Institute of Technology| Impenetrable Mystery of Existance, but he
Atlanta Georgia, 30332         | stepped in a wormhole and had to go home early"
Internet: dh46@prism.gatech.edu|--Crow T. Robot
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
From: noring@netcom.com (Jon Noring)
Subject: How much faster?
Organization: Netcom - Online Communication Services  (408 241-9760 guest) 
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 02:28:00 GMT

I currently have a 386-33 pc with a Cyrix math coprocessor.  What I'd
like to know is how much faster would a 486-50 or 486-66 be when
calculating fractals using Fractint 17.2 (and for both integer and
floating point modes).

Thanks.

Jon

-- 

Charter Member of the INFJ Club.

Now, if you're just dying to know what INFJ stands for, be brave, e-mail me,
and I'll send you some information.  It WILL be worth the inquiry, I think.

=============================================================================
| Jon Noring          | noring@netcom.com        | I VOTED FOR PEROT IN '92 |
| JKN International   | IP    : 192.100.81.100   | Support UNITED WE STAND! |
| 1312 Carlton Place  | Phone : (510) 294-8153   | "The dogs bark, but the  |
| Livermore, CA 94550 | V-Mail: (510) 417-4101   |  caravan moves on."      |
=============================================================================
Who are you?  Read alt.psychology.personality!  That's where the action is.
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
From: gohel@zeus.csee.usf.edu (Himanshu Gohel)
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
Subject: Re: Where to get Lyapunov Space for Amiga
Keywords: US site
Date: 12 Dec 92 17:04:01 GMT
Reply-To: gohel@csee.usf.edu
Followup-To: sci.fractals
Distribution: usa
Organization: U of South Florida, Dept. of Computer Science

For those in the US, a site for the lyapunovia*.* is:

Site: Wuarchive.wustl.edu
dir:  /systems/amiga/video/... (somewhere in a "utils" directory)

-- 
Himanshu Gohel, Gohel@csee.usf.edu
U of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620-3140
From: diamond@ecs.umass.edu
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
Subject: Dimension of Mandelbrot border
Date: 17 Dec 92 14:54:35 GMT

I have heard that there has been a recent proof that the
dimension of the boundary of the quadratic Mandelbot set (Zn+1 =
Zn^2 + C) is two.  I would like references and perhaps even a 
short description of the proof.  Either post on sci.fractals or 
send me mail.  Of course, if I heard wrong, feel free to ignore, 
chastise, etc.
					Thanks in advance,
					Brett Diamond
					diamond@ecs.umass.edu
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
From: twegner@mwunix.mitre.org (Timothy Wegner)
Subject: Re: Fractal Witchcraft speed?
Organization: The MITRE Corporation
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 1992 18:49:14 GMT

rms@cs.tu-berlin.de (Michael R. Ganss) writes:

>Does anyone out there know how FractalWitchcraft achieves its speed?

Steve Stoft explained the algorithm in a recent edition of Rollo Silver's
Amyglyda. The idea is that for very deep zooms, orbits of close points
are parallel. You can track the orbits of four points, and when their
original rectangular formation distorts, subdivide. For the iterations
when the orbits track each other, the orbity of the points inside the
rectangle don't have to be computed, resulting in a big savings.

The nature of this is that it is most effective at deep zooms, and the
technique is dependent on the function iterated. The Fractint team looked
at it for a while with some success, but we were distracted by other issues.
The main  implementation problem is the algorithm used to detect deformation
and the algorithm used to interpolate once deformation is detected. The more
liberal the deformation criterion, the longer the calculation can go without
interpolating, but then errors may be introduced. In my limited experiments 
orbits of points in Steve's example deformed rapidly after  10 or 20 iterations
rather than the 500 or 1000 iterations I was hoping for. The results
indicated some promise, but we were far from duplicating his results when
we moved on to other issues. 

My opinion is that this is an excellent bit of work. I hope he publishes
his technique more fully. It would be useful for explorations involving very 
deep zooms. Note, however, that his example is a deep zoom right at
the limit of double precision resolution. The speed gains are very much less 
at more moderate depths, and in fact is much slower than Fractint at moderate
depths. This limitation does not, IMHO, detract from the significance of
the algorithm.

--
Tim Wegner     Fractint co-author
Internet: twegner@mwunix.mitre.org  Compuserve: 71320.675@compuserve.com
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
From: hassink@cs.UAlberta.CA (Hassink Brian John)
Subject: Laxi Fractals?
Organization: University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
Date: Sat, 19 Dec 1992 07:24:48 GMT

Anybody heard of these things? They looked interesting in the
demo I saw, but I've never read anything about this particular
form of fractal.

Brian
hassink@cs.ualberta.ca
From: bpb9204@tamsun.tamu.edu (Brent Burton)
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
Subject: L-Systems (3d example sought)
Date: 12 Dec 1992 20:25:33 -0600
Organization: Texas A&M Univ., Inc.
Distribution: usa
NNTP-Posting-Host: tamsun.tamu.edu


Hello, all.

Finals have begun, but in my graphics class we are finishing up a small
project.  We (meaning the three in my group) have written a rule-based
L-Sytems/fractal program for the SGIs.  We have it generating all the
standard curves (Sierpinsky, dragon, Hilbert) and also some plants of
different types.  Each curve or plant is described by a set of grammar
rules, which combine to generate a sequence of turtle commands.

This approach is very interesting, especially when you start getting into
the context-sensitive languages vs. the context-free.

The final example I was trying to develop was, ideally, a 3-D Hilbert
curve.  However, this has proved to be challenging.  What I want to ask
of you folks is, do you have a set of grammar rules that describe *any*
3-D curves?  I could generate a 3D plant quite easily, but I was thinking
a Hilbert curve would be great.

Thanks, any info is appreciated (whether posted or emailed).
--------------------------------------------------
For those who don't know, the curves specified by a grammar follow the
basic setup:

Axiom:  <This is the initial string you start with>
Rules:  A -> BC...  <Each rule has this form, where 'A' is a symbol 
                     either in the axiom, or in generated strings which
                     is replaced by 'BC', a set of turtle commands or
                     other rule names>

Example:  Hilbert curve

Axiom: X                   [Hilbert curve is context-free]
Rules: X -> -YF+XFX+FY-
       Y -> +XF-YFY-FX+

The turtle commands are embedded in the above rules; they are:
  '-' turn left
  '+' turn right
  'F' forward, drawing a line segment
  '?' any other character is ignored.
 <There are many others for 3D control, position save/recall, etc>

Given a turtle's starting point and a direction, then you would iterate
the above rules to generate a string.

iteration   string
   0          X
   1          -YF+XFX+FY-
   2          -+XF-YFY-FX+F+-YF+XFX+FY-F-YF+XFX+FY-+F+XF-YFY-FX+-
   n          +-+-...... lots of gunk here by replacing X & Y ......-+-+

By scanning left to right through the above generated strings, you
draw out the Hilbert curve.

-Brent
-- 
+-------------------------+
| Brent Burton    N5VMG   |    
| bpb9204@tamsun.tamu.edu |  
+-------------------------+ 
Newsgroups: sci.fractals
From: mrmarcel@eos.ncsu.edu (Mike Marcelais)
Subject: Re: How much faster?
Organization: North Carolina State University
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 19:04:16 GMT

In article <1992Dec15.022800.20015@netcom.com>, noring@netcom.com (Jon Noring) writes:
|> I currently have a 386-33 pc with a Cyrix math coprocessor.  What I'd
|> like to know is how much faster would a 486-50 or 486-66 be when
|> calculating fractals using Fractint 17.2 (and for both integer and
|> floating point modes).
|> 
|> Thanks.
|> 
|> Jon
|> 

Here's some benchmark times for fractint 17.2
System:  486/50dx, 256K cache, 4M memory, DR-Dos 6.0
         Tseng-4000 SVGA with Local Bus

All options left at default settings, except where noted.

Mandelbrot set:     1024x768x256    1920x1440x256 (using EMS)
floating point off       6.97             51.85
floating point on        8.85             57.34

Type NYUF008 (from the fractint.par file) in 1024x768x256   1:12.99

Plasma file, 1024x768x256, seed 42
    Old method    22.19
    New method    19.34

Translate above plasma file to a 3D image using all defaults
    Landscape, surface fill interpolated:  1:33.70
    Spherical, surface fill interpolated:  1:36.84

Lypanov type, 320x200x256
    Order  0   3:16.46
           1   4:47.63
           2   6:18.65
           5   7:50.05
          10   9:21.07
          42  12:24.64

Julibrot type, all defaults
   320x200x256   3:30.31
  1024x768x256  41:24.18



|> -- 
|> 
|> Charter Member of the INFJ Club.
|> 
|> Now, if you're just dying to know what INFJ stands for, be brave, e-mail me,
|> and I'll send you some information.  It WILL be worth the inquiry, I think.
|> 

ISTJ's will rule.


|> =============================================================================
|> | Jon Noring          | noring@netcom.com        | I VOTED FOR PEROT IN '92 |
|> | JKN International   | IP    : 192.100.81.100   | Support UNITED WE STAND! |
|> | 1312 Carlton Place  | Phone : (510) 294-8153   | "The dogs bark, but the  |
|> | Livermore, CA 94550 | V-Mail: (510) 417-4101   |  caravan moves on."      |
|> =============================================================================
|> Who are you?  Read alt.psychology.personality!  That's where the action is.

-- 

+-------------------------------------+------------------------------+
|  Mike Marcelais                     | mrmarcel@eos.ncsu.edu        |
|  356 Tucker, Box 04783, NCSU        | Fourth Bryan Productions     |
|  Raleigh, NC  27607                 | #include <disclaim.h>        |
+-------------------------------------+------------------------------+
| if the above address bounces, then try the address below:          |
| mrmarcel%eos.ncsu.edu@ncsuvx.ncsu.edu                              |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+