From: jmoulder@mis.mcw.edu
Newsgroups: sci.med.physics
Subject: ELF reading list (was: high voltage transmission lines. . . )
Date: 27 Jul 92 15:20:52 GMT
Organization: Medical College of Wisconsin

bourland@roentgen.radonc (J. Daniel Bourland) writes:
> 
>dbn@rti.rti.org () writes:
>>
>>Is there a set of core references, or even
>>a text with which I could get up to speed on the subject?
>>
> 
> If you can find a copy, The Health Physics Society's Newsletter, Vol. XIX,
> Number 10, October 1991 has 12 invited articles on Non-Ionizing radiation
> and bioeffects.  Also, the journal, _Health Physics_, Vol 61, Number 1,
> July 1991 has 6 articles from the 1990 Summer School on non-ionizing
> radiation.  
> 
> -------------------------------------------------------------
> J. Daniel Bourland, PhD	      
> -------------------------------------------------------------
The above are good sources if you can find them, the reading list that I use
follows, with complete references at the end.

*Epidemiological studies of residential exposure.  Wertheimer &Leeper, 1979 is
the founder study for the entire field.  Savitz et al (1988) and London et al
(1991) are the other two major studies that show of significant relationship
between childhood cancer and Rwiring configurationS.  There are at least 10
other studies, many showing no risk; the reviews by Bates (1991) and Hutchinson
(1992) are comprehensive. 

*Epidemiological studies of occupational exposure.  Milham (1982) is the
founder study in this area.  There have been at least 25 subsequent
publications in this area; for reviews see Savitz and Calle(1987), Bates (1991)
and Hutchinson (1992).  The recent paper by Demers et al (1991) has drawn
considerable attention.

*Laboratory studies of ELF bioeffects.  It is difficult to pick out core papers
in this area, because ELF bioeffects are a bit ellusive.  The reviews by
Anderson (1991) and Tenforde (1992) are good places to start.  Goldberg &
Creasey (1991) review some of the speculations about how ELF bioeffects migh
lead to carcinogenesis. Some recent laboratory papers of interest include:
Parkin & Sulik (1992), an attempt to find experimental evidence for  Rcyclotron
resonanceS; Livingston et al (1991), an attempt to find effects on cell growth
rates and reporductive integrity; Khalil & Qassem (1991), a search for
cytogenetic effects; McLean et al (1991), an investigation of the hypothesis
that ELF fields might be promoters.

*Also of interest are two recent papers that claim to demonstrate that ELF
fields cannot be carcinogenic.   Adair (1991) argues that biological effects of
weak ELF effects on the cellular level, if they exist, must have explanations
outside the scope of conventional physics.  Jackson (1992) argues that the lack
of a historic correlation between the use of electrical power and the incidence
of cancer eliminates the possibility that power-frequency fields are a
significant cause of cancer.

RK Adair.  Constraints on biological effects of weak ELF electromagnetic
fields. Phys Rev A 43:1039-1048, 1991.

LE Anderson. ELF: Exposure levels, bioeffects, and epidemiology. Health Phys
61:41-46, 1991.

MN Bates. ELF electromagnetic fields and cancer:  The epidemiological evidence.
Environ Health Perspec 95:1470156, 1991.

PA Demers, BD Thomas, et al. Occupational exposure to EMFs and breast cancer in
men. Amer J Epidemiol 134:340-347, 1991.

RB Goldberg, WA Creasey. A review of cancer induction by ELF electromagnetic
fields. Is there a plausible mechanism? Medical Hypotheses 35:265-274, 1991.

GB Hutchison. Cancer and exposure to electric power.  Health Environ Digest
6:1-4, 1992 (Be sure to order the appendix referred to at the top of page 4).

JD Jackson. Are the stray 60-Hz electromagnetic fields associated with the
distribution and use of electric power a significant cause of cancer? Proc Nat
Acad Sci USA 89:3508-3510, 1992.

AM Khalil, W Qassem. Cytogenetic effects of pulsing electromagnetic field on
human lymphocytes in vitro: chromosome aberrations, sister-chromatid exchanges
and cell kinetics. Mutat Res 247:141-146, 1991.

GK Livingston, KL Witt, et al. Reproductive integrity of mammalian cells
exposed to power frequency electromagnetic fields. Environ Molec Mutat
17:49-58, 1991.

SJ London, DC Thomas, et al. Exposure to residential electric and magnetic
fields and risk of childhood leukemia. Amer J Epidemiol 134:923-937, 1991.

JRN McLean, MA Stuchly, et al. Cancer promotion in a mouse-skin model by a
60-Hz magnetic field: II. Tumor development and immune response. Bioelectromag
12:273-287, 1991.

S Milham, Mortality from leukemia in workers exposed to electrical and magnetic
fields. N Engl J Med 307:249, 1982.

WC Parkinson, GL Sulik.  Diaton response to ELF magnetic fields. Rad Res
130:319-330, 1992.

DA Savitz, EE Calle. Leukemia and occupational exposure to EMFs: Review of
epidemiological studies. J Occup Med 29:47-51, 1987.

DA Savitz, H Wachtel, et al. Case-control study of childhood cancer and
exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields. Amer J Epidemiol 128:21-38, 1988.

TS Tenforde. Biological interactions and potential health effects of ELF
magnetic fields from power lines and other common sources. Ann Rev Publ Health
13:173-196, 1992.

N Wertheimer, E Leeper. Electrical wiring configurations and childhood cancer.
Amer J Epidemiol 109:273-284, 1979.

John Moulder (jmoulder@mis.mcw.edu)
Radiation Biology
Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee, WI
Newsgroups: sci.med.physics