From: calendar@ALMADEN.IBM.COM (IBM Almaden Research Center Calendar)
Newsgroups: ba.seminars
Subject: IBM ARC seminars 19 - 23 OCT 92
Date: 15 Oct 92 22:10:01 GMT


                     IBM Almaden Research Center
                           650 Harry Road
                       San Jose, CA 95120-6099

                              CALENDAR

                         October 19-23, 1992


10/19 - THE INITIAL PROCESSES OF THE EPITAXIAL GROWTH OF SI ON
SI(111)7X7
H. Tochihara, Catalysis Research Center, Hokkaido University, Japan

Phys. Sci. Sem.    Mon., October 19    10:00 a.m.    Room:  D3-450

It has been proved that STM is very powerful for understanding initial
processes of the epitaxial growth on semiconductor surfaces.  We have
considered the mechanism of the initial epitaxial growth of Si on the
reconstructed surface having large and stable unit cells such as
Si(111)7x7 by analyzing STM images taken by Koehler, Demuth and Hamers.
On such surfaces, Si atoms deposited cannot be incorporated into the
substrate crystal directly either for the growth on terrace or for
step-flow growth.  We propose a model for the initial epitaxial growth
of Si on Si(111) within the framework of the dimer-adatom stacking fault
model of Si(111)7x7.
Host:   H. Seki


10/19  Computerized Japanese Traditional Music Processing System
T. Matsushima   Dept. of Information Sciences, TOHO University

Comp. Sci. Sem.   Mon., October 19    10:30 a.m.   Room: B1-413

Computerization for the Japanese traditional music is far behind
from that of the Western music.  This system will finally provide
Japanese traditional music composers and players with easy operation
environments for their music.  The SHAKUHACHI (Japanese traditional wind
instruments made of bamboo) score is chosen as the start up target.
There are several types of SHAKUHACHI for their length.  The conversion
of scores written for one length of SHAKUHACHI into for another is
frequently required.  The large improvement can be expected by the
computerization of SHAKUHACHI score processing.  SHAKUHACHI score is
a kind of tablature which mainly consists of handwritten Japanese
characters and geometrical symbols.
The score is scanned into the computer by the high resolution
image scanner.  And then symbols necessary to performing SHAKUHACHI
is recognized using pattern matching technique.  Generally speaking,
a handwritten Japanese text recognition is difficult for the computers.
Recognition process utilizes the SHAKUHACHI score's characteristics
that the characters appeared on the SHAKUHACHI score is restricted
and the deformation of the characters in one score is a little.
An unique feature of the system is that a combined LCD/tablet
equipment provides an interactive score editing environment for
the novice users.  Thus SHAKUHACHI scores are written by hand by
nature, this user interface is effective for the people in the music
field who are not accustomed to the computers.
I will introduce the present condition of the project.


10/19 - TOWARDS INDUCTIVE LEARNING OF JAZZ HARMONY THEORY
K. Hirata, ICOT

Comp. Sci. Sem.    Mon., October 19    10:30 a.m.    Room:  B1-413

We applied the techniques of inductive learning to learning of jazz
harmony theory.  The talk focuses on a framework which learns the jazz
harmony theory.  The input data is the real fingering patterns of chords
and chord sequences from a play by a jazz pianist.  The output is Horn
clauses which represent the way the input chords and chord sequences are
played.  In the system, notes, chords, and chord sequences are
represented as predicates.  Therefore, first-order Horn clauses
including such predicates can express the harmony theory.  Our framework
uses the inductive learning method based on inverting resolution;
absorption and intra-construction are primitive operations.  During
application, the system gives the reasoning of a musical concept
concerning other concepts to invent new concepts.  Eventually, by output
Horn clauses we know the musical structure of the input chords and the
chord sequences, and, even, a thinking process of a jazz pianist.  Since
the combination of harmony theory representation in Horn clauses and
inductive learning is simple yet powerful, the system has great
capacity.  With this framework, besides many of the logic programming
researches being used, the broader area of musical theory can be
managed.
Host:  R. Hiraga


10/22 - INTERPLAY BETWEEN STM AND AFM IMAGES
Prof. H. Cantow, Univ. Freiburg, Germany

Poly. Sci. & Tech. Sem.   Thurs., October 22   1:30 p.m.   Room:  J2-601

This talk will present comparisons of STM and AFM images obtained for
identical samples of organic and inorganic crystals, and polymer
samples.  Lateral force AFM studies of these materials will be discussed
also.
Host:  D. Yoon


10/23 - THE DYNAMICS OF TRAPPED ION CRYSTALS
J. Hoffnagle and R. DeVoe, Almaden Research Center

Phys. Sci. Colloq.    Fri., October 23    10:30 a.m.    Room:  Aud. A

The combination of ion traps and laser cooling offers unique
possibilities for studying the dynamics and spectroscopy of ion clouds.
From one to several thousand ions can be stored in ultrahigh vacuum, and
small clusters can be cooled to millikelvin temperatures.  When more
than one ion is trapped, the equations of motion are nonlinear, due to
the Coulomb force.  The simplest case, two ions interacting with the
trap and each other, has a complex dynamics, with regular and chaotic
regions of phase space, and a transition from stationary to transient
chaos.  John Hoffnagle will discuss experimental and numerical
investigations of this system.

Ralph DeVoe will discuss a search for new quantum mechanical and quantum
electrodynamic (QED) effects which occur as the trap size is scaled down
into the micron region.  Our immediate goal is a high-resolution study
of superradiant spontaneous emission.  Superradiance is a collective
quantum effect, first proposed by Dick Brewer in 1954, which occurs when
two atoms are separated by less than one wavelength of light.  A
photolithographic method of microfabricating "planar" ion traps has been
developed in collaboration with other groups in the Research Division.
Host:  D. Auerbach


10/23 - MAGNETORESISTANCE IN LAYERED AND GRANULAR STRUCTURES
Dr. S. Zhang, New York University, New York

Phys. Sci. Sem.    Fri., October 23    2:30 p.m.    Room:  J2-609

From a comparison of the large magnetoresistance (MR) in layered
structures and granular solids we find that the underlying mechanism of
magnetoresistance is the same for both systems.  The common parameters
entering the expressions for the MR in both systems are the
spin-dependencies of the mean free paths and of the scattering rates at
boundaries between magnetic granules (layers) and nonmagnetic matrices
(non-magnetic layers).  To quantitatively determine the MR one needs to
know the size distribution of the magnetic granules; this is not well
characterized in recent experiments whereas the corresponding parameter
in layered structures, i.e., layer thickness, is well known.  We suggest
the optimal choice of parameters to maximize the MR.
Host:  V. Speriosu

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For further information on individual talks, please contact the host
listed above.

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more detailed directions, please phone the ARC receptionist at (408)
927-1080.

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