HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: cc433336@LANCE.ColoState.Edu (Constantinos A. Caroutas)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe,alt.usage.english,soc.culture.greek
Subject: Re: billion/milliard
Date: 12 Apr 92 02:54:31 GMT
Distribution: soc
Organization: Colorado State U. Engineering College

In article <1992Apr12.014952.22066@cs.tu-berlin.de>,
wolfi@opal.cs.tu-berlin.de (Wolfgang Schwanke) writes:
>             US              UK            Ger             Fre
>10**6        million         million       Million         million
>10**9        billion         milliard      Milliarde       milliard/billion
>10**12       trillion        billion       Billion         trillion
>10**15       quadrillion     trillion      Trillion        mille trillions (?)
>Now if that isn't confusing.
>However in real life I never heard/read the supposed UK usage, Britons seem
>to go along with US.

That the US system was dominant over the UK one is what I'd heard too.
And I'm pleased because the logic of the US one matches that of the
Greek.

Constantinos A. Caroutas
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe
From: orhan@leland.Stanford.EDU (Orhan Mehmet Arsel)
Subject: Re: '*.*.soviet' Includes More Than 50 Million Turks, 'Joni.'
Organization: DSG, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
Date: Thu, 16 Apr 92 23:43:07 GMT

In article <1992Apr16.190407.4255@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu> kurrer@lisboa.ks.uiuc.edu (Christian Kurrer) writes:
>In article <1992Apr15.193501.6045@cns.umist.ac.uk> ko@cns.umist.ac.uk  
>(Kutluk Ozguven) writes:

>> >A group called '*.*.soviet' also includes more than 50 million
>> >Turks, 'Joni.' 
>> 
>> >                '*.*.soviet' =/ '*.*.russia' 
>>                                   ^^^^^^^^^^
>> 
>> I disagree with hbm. Even if it were *.*.russia then "Turkish  
>probaganda"
>> would still discuss the culture, history, and political condition of 
>> 10% Turkish minority in and out of "autonomous" Turkish republics in the
>                                                 ^^^^^^^^^
>> so-called Russia. We could also discuss about the continuous opression  

>You should be a little more careful here. There is a difference between 
>Turkish and Turkic. To my understanding, the Soviet Union had a multitude  
>of Turkic ( Turkic = subfamily of Altaic languages including Turkish  
             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>(Webster) ) minorities, but I never heard of Turkish minorities in the  
>Soviet Union.
>
>This difference is similar to the difference between German and Germanic 
>( Germanic = a branch of the Indo-European language family containing  
>English, German, Dutch, Afrikaans, Flemish, Frisian, the Scandinavian  
>languages, and Gothic (Webster) ).
>
>Christian Kurrer

The word 'Turkic'  was created by the west to distinguish the
Turks in the ex-USSR from the Turks of Turkey. Our (Turks of Turkey)
relationship with the other Turkic nations is not merely the result
of a common language group, since Turks (Turks of Turkey as well as
Turks in ex-USSR republics) are considered to be a whole seperate
race, although we (Turks of Turkey) have degenerated slightly due to
our constant" interactions" with Eastern-Europeans
(Greeks, Slavs, etc.) as well as Arabs and Persians, 
over the past millenium.

What is spoken by different 'Turkic' nations today are not totally
different languages (like English, German, Scandinavian, etc.) but
merely different dialects since we can communicate with all those
people (except the people of Kirghizistan) with minor effort. The
easiest of those dialects is the Azerbaijani Turkish followed by
Turkmanistan Turkish, which almost require no effort. The difference
of Turkish spoken in Turkey from the rest is again the result of
European, Persian, and Arabic influences. Considering that it's 
impossible for Germans, British, Scandinavians, etc. to communicate
speaking their respective languages, (maybe except Dutch and Germans)
the above anology does not really apply to Turkish (Turkic) dialects.

Sincerely,

Orhan.

Xref: sparky soc.culture.europe:3729 soc.culture.french:3054
From: zika@gn.ecn.purdue.edu (Michael Zika)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe,soc.culture.french
Subject: Re: CNN Reports...
Date: 13 Apr 92 22:28:30 GMT
Organization: Purdue University Engineering Computer Network

In article <1992Apr13.090051.5359@ircam.fr> fingerhu@ircam.fr (Michel Fingerhut) writes:
>PXP111@psuvm.psu.edu writes:
>>By far  the most emphatic things though, that took place (according to
>>the Americans here) is the opening of Euro-Disney in Paris...They
>>mentioned that some French people are not that happy with the
>>development.
>
>(Correction: it's not in Paris.  It's bad enough where it is).
>
>Not happy? And with good cause too.  The CBS newscaster, describing from France
>the opening of E-D exclaimed how at last there is a parcel of American land
>(and fantasy) now for good in Europe (or something to that effect).  Is it
>the effect of American troops leaving Germany...?
>
>At any rate, now tourists coming to see what France is all about can eat
>McDonalds hamburgers in Paris and go to see the wonders of culture in
>EuroDisney.

At least E-D is separated from France by a real (and idealistic) wall.  If
Europeans wish to take part in an admittedly small part of American culture
they can.  It doesn't detract from the beauty and wonder of the French
culture by simply being on French soil -- it's just a little closer and
more convenient than Florida.

>Pah...!

-- 
                                     |
Michael Zika (zika@ecn.purdue.edu)   |    Hey don't ask me "why?",
Purdue University                    |    I'm still working on "how?" ! 
School of Nuclear Engineering        |
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe,soc.culture.french
From: trumbull@allegro.unx.sas.com (Ed Trumbull)
Subject: Re: Euro Disney (was CNN Reports...)
Keywords: greve
    <1992Apr13.090051.5359@ircam.fr>
Organization: SAS Institute Inc.
Originator: trumbull@allegro.unx.sas.com
Date: Mon, 13 Apr 1992 18:36:58 GMT
X-Bytes: 253

   J'ai lu que le train (RER?) de Paris a Disney ne marchait pas
parcequ'on faisait greve ce jour la.  C'est marrant, si c'est vrais...
-- 
Ed Trumbull <trumbull@unx.sas.com>      
SAS Institute, Inc.      SAS Campus Drive   Cary, NC    27513   USA
From: kyle@CSLI.STANFORD.EDU (Kyle Wohlmut)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe
Subject: A Modest Proposal
Date: 7 Apr 92 23:10:53 GMT

>From Csli!kyle Tue Apr  7 16:08:19 PDT 1992
Article: 3776 of alt.beer
Newsgroups: alt.beer
>From: kyle@Csli.Stanford.EDU (Kyle Wohlmut)
Subject: Enough talk!  Time for beer!
Followup-To: kyle@csli.stanford.edu, alt.beer
Summary: Coaster exchange program
Keywords: coasters, beer-mats, Schlitten, stamps
Organization: Rocking Pig Enterprises
Distribution: public, world
Date: Tue, 7 Apr 1992 21:43:33 GMT

In article <1992Apr7.190048.25729@morgan.ucs.mun.ca>,
mgw@weejordy.physics (Martin "That's Right" White) writes:

> Hello to beer drinkers worldwide.

Quite a powerful way to start a message, especially for this
newsgroup... so I'll echo it on this message, in which I'm making a
modest proposal.  Greetings to all beer fanciers, everywhere; everyone
having a beer, recently having had a beer, or looking forward to their
next beer.

This request goes out to all readers of alt.beer, but particularly our
European residents... I recently moved my place of residence and as I
was packing up, I noticed how lacking my collection of coasters is
becoming.  I used to have a prized collection of beermats (Ich glaube,
der wort ist auf Deutsch "Untersetzer," nicht wahr?), but over the
years I've lost a lot of the great ones due to overuse, spillage,
misplacement, or just plain giving them away.  I'd like to get my
collection back up to snuff, so if there's anyone out there who would
help me, perhaps someone of similar interest, I'd be very grateful.
If you'd care to take a moment next time you're in your favourite pub,
whether it's in three months, or three hours, grab a local coaster,
stick it in an envelope and mail it to me (my boss collects stamps, so
this should work out great, if anyone participates).  I'll gladly
reciprocate by sending one from California, or any other California
curiosity as long as it's small and comparatively easy to mail.  

If there's any interest, e-mail me to exchange addresses and let's do
it.  Thanks for your time, and to everyone else, sorry for the
comparatively low beer-content of this post.  But hey, where would we
be without beermats?

-/-/-/-/-/-/
Kyle
'Another disappearing thing is the casual vomit.' --Billy Connolly
/-/-/-/-/-/-
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe,soc.culture.yugoslavia,soc.culture.greek,soc.culture.bulgaria
From: dam@dcs.glasgow.ac.uk (David Morning)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe
Subject: Re: UK, general elections?
Keywords: results?
Date: 10 Apr 92 09:23:45 GMT
Organization: Glasgow University Computing Science Dept.

torito@IASTATE.EDU (Jaime Santiago) writes:


>Does any one knows the results of the elections?

The Conservatives won with a small majority of about 12. All the results aren't
in yet but none of the outstanding results are liable to upset this majority.

Dave

-- 
 ============================================================================
| Dave Morning                     | "Broon Hee Haw Maw"                     | 
|dam@dcs.glasgow.ac.uk             |                                         |
 ============================================================================
From: verwaerde@mbcl.rutgers.edu
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe
Subject: Re: (French Kulcha) Re: CNN Reports...
Date: 16 Apr 92 15:58:03 GMT
Followup-To: soc.culture.europe

In article <74135@netnews.upenn.edu>, jmv@grip.cis.upenn.edu (Jean-Marc Vezien) writes:
> Joseph, you say:
> 
>>They French film industry has over a long time been gradually absorbed
>>and altered by French Television for the purposes of Television (i.e.
>>to inhibit competition) - a result has been the simultaneous (and
>>paradoxical) decline in film quality and a strangely growing
>>dependency on American programming to fill the created markets. Isn't
>>it difficult to believe that Le Cinq just closed (can you imagine a
>>Television network going bust in this day and age?), and most
>>financiers are about as interested in funding Television and Film
>>projects in France as they are Real Estate in London Docklands.
> 
> 
> Desole, Joseph, I definitly can't agree with this statement.
> French TV (Especially Canal +) fund French cinema, that's true, but the quality 
> does NOT decrease because of that ! 
> French TV, as many others, rely on American production simply because it's cheaper to buy garbage than to
> produce high-quality films. If "La cinq" closed, it's mostly because of its failed attempt to "fill the gaps"
>  with all kind of low-quality american series. French public wants a little more than than, fortunatly.
> 
> French Cinema may have financing problems, I agree, but stop comparing the average American comedy with what
> you call "serious" (what's boring for you is interesting for me. He oui !) French films.
> 
> 
>> "MacDonalds" - hamburgers are French cuisine 
> 
> 
> you must be kidding...
> 
> 
>>Pommes-Frites are more Belgian, though I would hasten to point out
>>that "Belgium" is a synthetic country made up of (rather warring)
>>Flemish and French-speaking peoples;
> 
> 
> I take this as a first-order insult towards one of the most beautiful place on earth.
> If you really want some historical references, potatoes come from South America....big deal.
> 
>>But then one reminds onesself that French cuisine was derived from Italian cuisine,
>>I believe in the 17th century.
> 
> you're partly right, Italian cookers who were fed up of spaghettis brought some interesting recipes at the
> French Royal court.
Sorry there's not only THE french cuisine; France is composed of several
ethnic cultures (Celtic, German, Latin and nowdays arab); so are the origins
of french cuisines !

Philippe Verwaerde, PhD.
Rutgers University NJ, USA.
 A
VVK
 V
          
> 
> JM.
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe
Subject: bremen
From: leh-604oneb.wimsey.bc.ca@mala.bc.ca
Date: Thu, 09 Apr 92 22:45:54 PDT
Distribution: na
Organization: The Old Frog's Almanac, Nanaimo, B.C.

Hi there, my name is Lance Hillbrecht and I live in Nanaimo,
British Columbia, in Canada.  I have lived here all my life
but have relatives in Bremen, Germany.  I am going over there
this summer at the end of June to visit for a month and was
wondering if there was anybody living there that might drop
me a note.  I would like to have someone that I have talked to
so when I go over there I could meet with them.  Just so you
know I am 22 years old, and I look foreward to your reply.
 
Sincerly yours,
 
Lance Hillbrecht
 
P.S.  You don't have to be from Bremen to write back, I would
like to talk to you regardless.

                 leh-604@oneb.wimsey.bc.ca (Lance Hillbrecht)
             The Old Frog's Almanac     Public Access UseNet    
         Vancouver Island, British Columbia    Waffle XENIX 1.64  
         (604) 758-6208 (2400 x 4)   (604) 758-9698 (v32/v32bis)
Xref: sparky soc.culture.europe:3734 soc.culture.nordic:2848 eunet.politics:628
From: f33012l@puukko.hut.fi (Janne Kivel{)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe,soc.culture.nordic,eunet.politics
Subject: Re: English OR Esperanto?
Date: 13 Apr 92 11:05:55 GMT
Organization: Helsinki University of Technology, Finland


 gd8f@kelvin.seas.Virginia.EDU (Gregory  Dandulakis) writes:

>May be I can illustrate the use of the adjectives "poor" and "advanced"
>for a natural language by taking as paralleles the use of the adjectives
>"low" and "high" level programming languages.
>
>In both cases all the languages can be used to satisfy all or almost
>all the human needs, in principle. But the differences in the *efficiency*
>of doing that, with respect to the "user friendlyness", are large
>for most of the cases.

Maybe the language that first developes a graphical user interface will
be the most successful. :-)

The efficiency has nothing to do with one language becoming more popular
than another. The language spoken by a minority is more likely to absorb 
influences from the language of the majority. The fact that these
influences might make the language more 'effective' doesn't mean that
the language spoken by the majority is a higher-level language.

>And in many cases the evolution of a language is not confined on
>vocabulary terms but on grammatical and syntactic ones too. In these
>cases if you have an evolution, an absorption or a merger is certainly
>a matter of semantics, depending on the pace and the extend of change
>under the pressure of influence of the already more elaborate language.

I don't find your argument of more efficient higher-level languages replacing
inefficient low-level languages very convincing, because you totally neglect 
any cultural and political factors that have a far greater effect on the 
development of a language.

We don't need any higher-level languages here in Norden. We already have
Nynorsk. :-)

>Gregory Dandulakis

Janne Kivel"a
From: wolfi@opal.cs.tu-berlin.de (Wolfgang Schwanke)
Subject: billion/milliard, was: English OR Esperanto?
Organization: Techn. University of Berlin, Germany
Distribution: soc
Date: Sun, 12 Apr 1992 01:49:52 GMT

I've widened the distribution to alt.usage.english.

pcj1@cunixf.cc.columbia.edu (Pierre Charles Jelenc) writes:

>Esperanto does not have any problem saying "billion", it's English that
>does: do you mean 10**9 (US) or 10**12 (British)?
>
>Pierre
>
>        Pierre Jelenc                        pcj1@cunixf.cc.columbia.edu 
>        Columbia University, New York                                    

At school I was taught the same distinction between US and UK usage,
and my dictionary states it too:

             US              UK            Ger             Fre
10**6        million         million       Million         million
10**9        billion         milliard      Milliarde       milliard/billion
10**12       trillion        billion       Billion         trillion
10**15       quadrillion     trillion      Trillion        mille trillions (?)

and so on ...


Now if that isn't confusing.

However in real life I never heard/read the supposed UK usage, Britons seem
to go along with US.

What happened to that usage, was it superseded by the American version?
If not, how do you avoid misunderstanding?

Thanks

Wolfgang

--
* Wolfgang Schwanke * Technische Universitaet Berlin * Germany * wolfi on irc *
* email: wolfi@cs.tu-berlin.de  wolfaefg@w250zrz.zrz.tu-berlin.de  wolfi%opal@db0tui11 *

"Beam me up, Scotty. There is no intelligent life on this planet."
Xref: sparky soc.culture.europe:3799 soc.culture.french:3122
From: fingerhu@ircam.fr (Michel Fingerhut)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe,soc.culture.french
Subject: Re: CNN Reports...
Date: 13 Apr 92 09:00:51 GMT
Organization: IRCAM, Paris (France)

PXP111@psuvm.psu.edu writes:
>By far  the most emphatic things though, that took place (according to
>the Americans here) is the opening of Euro-Disney in Paris...They
>mentioned that some French people are not that happy with the
>development.

(Correction: it's not in Paris.  It's bad enough where it is).

Not happy? And with good cause too.  The CBS newscaster, describing from France
the opening of E-D exclaimed how at last there is a parcel of American land
(and fantasy) now for good in Europe (or something to that effect).  Is it
the effect of American troops leaving Germany...?

At any rate, now tourists coming to see what France is all about can eat
McDonalds hamburgers in Paris and go to see the wonders of culture in
EuroDisney.

Pah...!
Xref: sparky soc.culture.europe:3801 soc.culture.french:3128
From: luzeaux@roma.berkeley.edu (Dominique Luzeaux)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe,soc.culture.french
Subject: Re: Euro Disney (was CNN Reports...)
Keywords: greve
Date: 15 Apr 92 18:12:49 GMT
Article-I.D.: pasteur.1992Apr15.181249.13944
Reply-To: luzeaux@roma.berkeley.edu (Dominique Luzeaux)
Organization: International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley

In article <1992Apr15.152434.10298@IRO.UMontreal.CA>,
granado@IRO.UMontreal.CA (Bertrand Granado) writes:
|> Tes idees de pogrom t'appartiennent, et je suis loin de les partager !
|> Quant au Camarade, j'en suis peut-etre un mais loin d'etre le tien.
|> 

Puisque visiblement pas mal de gens sont obtus, je tiens a preciser que c'etait
du SECOND DEGRE.
Je promets que je ne le referai pas.....
	Ah lala......

	Dominique Luzeaux
		le nettoyeur
                      ^
                      |
                  ca aussi, il ne faut pas le prendre au premier degre
b.d.c!
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe,soc.culture.french
From: panisset@thunder.mcrcim.mcgill.edu (Jean-Francois Panisset)
Subject: Re: Tarif aeriens (was Euro Disney)
Keywords: Tarifs/USA
Organization: McGill Research Centre for Intelligent Machines
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 92 22:48:10 GMT

In article <1992Apr15.075000.12549@cs.hw.ac.uk> vincent@cs.hw.ac.uk (Vincent Hue) writes:
>In article <1992Apr14.003949.18714@pasteur.Berkeley.EDU> luzeaux@campanile.berkeley.edu (Dominique Luzeaux) writes:
>>In article <1992Apr13.234734.21792@leland.Stanford.EDU>,
>>pkersale@leland.Stanford.EDU (Philippe Herve Kersale) writes:
>>A propos de CNN, j'ai entendu ce matin aussi: "le temps n'est apparemment pas
>>tres beau sur le reportage? Les Anglais vont se poser la question de savoir
>>s'ils vont aller a Paris ou en Floride, vu que cela leur coute a peu pres le
>>meme prix".
>>N'est-il pas lamentable que les vols en avion coutent si cher en Europe?
>
>Non. Ce qui est lamentable, ce sont les prix offerts par les compagnies
>americaines sur les vols transatlantique. 
>Actuellement, une petite dizaine de compagnies americaines font une politique
>de bas pris pour casser le marche. La moitie d'entre elles sont en difficulte
>financiere et n'y survivrons pas (Voir article du Point, paru il y a 3 
>semaines).
>
>Les premiers touches sont les Francais. Pour l'instant. 

Et oui, c'est le dur probleme de la dereglementation de l'industrie aerienne.
Pas evident que ca ete un grand succes aux USA, ou depuis dix ans le
compagnies semblent faire faillite les unes apres les autres. Neanmoins,
ne peut-on pas penser que si ces compagnies ne pouvaient survivre que
dans un marche protege et reglemente, elles etaient condamnees a plus ou
moins breve echeance?

En attendant, les tarifs aeriens en Amerique du Nord sont si bas qu'il
est souvent plus economique de prendre l'avion que le train ou l'autobus.
Evidemment, le traffic a tellement augmente que la plupart des aeroports
ont plutot l'aspect d'un parcours du combatant...

Ceci etant dit, je ne vois par pourquoi l'industrie aerienne aurait droit
a un traitement de faveur...

Jean-Francois

-- 
Jean-Francois Panisset                    
INET: panisset@mcrcim.mcgill.ca            
      panisset@larry.mcrcim.mcgill.edu
UUCP: ...!mcgill-vision!panisset           
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe,soc.culture.nordic,eunet.politics
From: gd8f@kelvin.seas.Virginia.EDU (Gregory  Dandulakis)
Subject: Re: English OR Esperanto?
Organization: University of Virginia
Date: Sat, 11 Apr 1992 02:03:00 GMT

In article <hberg.88@polisci.pol.umn.edu> hberg@polisci.pol.umn.edu (Bob Hammarberg) writes:
>In article <1992Apr9.182354.14940@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU> gd8f@kelvin.seas.Virginia.EDU (Gregory  Dandulakis) writes:
>
>
>>  Ancient Greek: Initially was a group of very poor related languages.
>                                                ^^^^
>> Roman Language: Initially a very poor language. 
>                                   ^^^^
>
>What the hell is a "poor" language??!!  Is there ANY language that cannot 
>express whatever there is a need to express in its society at any given time? 
>If you mean that these languages borrowed foreign words, name one language 
>that hasn't!


May be I can illustrate the use of the adjectives "poor" and "advanced"
for a natural language by taking as paralleles the use of the adjectives
"low" and "high" level programming languages.

In both cases all the languages can be used to satisfy all or almost
all the human needs, in principle. But the differences in the *efficiency*
of doing that, with respect to the "user friendlyness", are large
for most of the cases.

And in many cases the evolution of a language is not confined on
vocabulary terms but on grammatical and syntactic ones too. In these
cases if you have an evolution, an absorption or a merger is certainly
a matter of semantics, depending on the pace and the extend of change
under the pressure of influence of the already more elaborate language.


Gregory Dandulakis
Xref: sparky soc.culture.europe:3764 soc.culture.french:3088
From: luzeaux@liszt.berkeley.edu (Dominique Luzeaux)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.europe,soc.culture.french
Subject: Re: Euro Disney (was CNN Reports...)
Keywords: greve
Date: 14 Apr 92 21:53:34 GMT
Reply-To: luzeaux@liszt.berkeley.edu (Dominique Luzeaux)
Organization: University of California

In article <1992Apr14.164413@IRO.UMontreal.CA>, granado@IRO.UMontreal.CA
(Bertrand Granado) writes:
|> Sans etre anti-americain primaire, je n'ai pas envie d'ici quelque temps que
|> les seules attractions francaise (voire mondiales) soit de bouffer de
hamburgers
|> et de s'eclater a voire une souris faire l'apologie du fric !!!!
|> Excuse-moi mais Bravo a la C.G.T !!!!!
|> 

Ca me rappelle:
  "je n'ai pas envie d'ici quelque temps que les seuls commercants, banquiers,
    intellectuels soient des juifs"

T'a raison, Kamerad, on va se faire le pogrome du millenaire: marre des
Americains
et de leur souris, marre des Arabes et de leur couscous, marre des Juifs
et de leur
trucs kosher, marre des Noirs et de leurs bananes, marre des Asiatiques
et de leur
riz, marre des Anglais et de leur the, marre des Espagnols et de leur
paella, marre
des Belges et de leurs frites, marre des Allemands et de leur
choucroute, marre des
Suisses et de leurs banques, marre des Italiens et de leurs pizza, marre
des Lapons
et de leurs rennes, marre des Martiens et de leur bite
verte,.......................

	Dominique Luzeaux