Newsgroups: bit.listserv.c18-l
Date:         Sun, 11 Oct 1992 17:55:54 EDT
From:         BCJ@PSUVM.BITNET
Subject:      C18-L KALENDAR: October 12-18, 1992 (Reasons to Celebrate!)

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*                                                                   *
*             THE KALENDAR - REASONS TO CELEBRATE                   *
*                                                                   *
*             Compiled for C18-L by Kevin Berland                   *
*                       BCJ@PSUVM.BITNET                            *
*                       BCJ@psuvm.psu.edu                           *
*********************************************************************

                           OCTOBER 12

     BIRTHDAYS:  Jonathan Trumbull, American colonial leader,
1769-84 governor of Connecticut (1710-85);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Lyman Beecher, U.S.
social reformer, abolitionist, father of Harriet Beecher Stowe
(1775-1863);  Pedro IV, King of Portugal (1798-1834);  Hugh Miller,
English geologist (1802);  George Washington Cable, U.S. writer &
social reformer (1844-1925);  Elmer Ambrose Sperry, U.S. inventor
of the gyrocompass and 400 more devices (1860-1930);  Sir Arthur
Haden, English biochemist (1865);  James Ramsay MacDonald,
British labour leader, statesman, PM (1866-1937);  Sir Godfrey
Tearle, English actor (1884-1953);  Pearl Mesta, U.S. diplomat,
hostess (1891-1975);  Eugenio Montale, Italian poet, 1975 Nobel
Laureate (1896-1981);  Charles Gordone, U.S. playwright (1927);
Dick Gregory, African-American comedian ("I never believed in
Santa Claus -- I knew no white dude would come into my
neighborhood after dark"), political activist (1932);  Luciano
Pavarotti, Italian operatic tenor (1935);  Joan Rivers, U.S. comedian
(1935);  Paul Simon, U.S. singer, songwriter, former partner of Art
Garfunkle, "world music" promoter (1941);

     DEATHS: Humphrey Chetham (1653);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1492, Christopher Columbus
made his 1st New World Landfall in San Salvador;  in 1518 Martin
Luther refused to recant at Augsburg;

     MISCELLANEA:  The Bahamas and Honduras celebrate
Discovery Day today. while Spain and many North and South
American countries celebrate Columbus Day.  Chile, Colombia,
Costa Rica, Paraguay, Spain, and Uruguay celebrate the Day of
the Race (i.e., the Spanish influence in Latin America).  Equatorial
Guinea celebrates National Day (1968).  On this day in 1971,
celebrations of the 2,500th anniversary of the Persian Empire
began in Persepolis, Iran; in 1976, the Gang of Four, including
Chiang Ch'ing, Mao's widow, were arrested.

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                    OCTOBER 13

     BIRTHDAYS:  Sophia, Electress of Hanover, mother of King
George I of England (1630);  Maurice, Marshal Saxe (1696); Mary
McCauley, American Revolutionary heroine, nicknamed "Molly
Pitcher" for carrying water to soldiers  under fire at the Battle of
Monmouth (1754-1832);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Hans Conon von der
Gabelenz, German historian & linguist (1807-74);  Rudolph
Virchow, German pathologist, politician (1821-1902);  Pellegrino
Matteucci, Italian explorer (1850-81);  Emilie Charlotte Le Breton,
better known as Lillie Langtry, the Jersey Lily, English actress
(1853-1929);  John Rogers Commons, U.S. labor economist (1852-
1944);  Ralph Vaughan Williams, English composer (1872-1958);
Theodore Gilmore Bilbo, U.S. politician, senator, filibusterer, bigot
(1877-1947);  Luther Harris Evans, U.S. educator, Librarian of
Congress, Director-General of Unesco (1902-81);  Herbert
Lawrence Block,  "Herblock," U.S. political cartoonist (1909);
Ernest K. Gann, U.S. novelist (1910);  Cornelius Louis "Cornel"
Wilde. U.S. actor (1918);  Margaret Hilda Thatcher, English lawyer,
politician, PM (1925);  Leonard Alfred Schneider, better known as
Lenny Bruce, U.S. comedian, satirist ("Every day people are
straying away from the church and going back to God") (1925-66);
Ralph Lauren, U.S. fashion designer (1939);  Art Garfunkel, U.S.
singer (1942);  Marie Osmond, U.S. singer with a preternatur-ally
wholesome, girl-next-door image (Joan Rivers once said, "Marie
Osmond makes Mother Teresa look like a slut") (1959);

     DEATHS:  Claudius, Emperor of Rome (54. A.D.); Theodore Beza
(1605);  General Thomas Harrison (1660);  Rev. Dr. John Gill
(1771);  Joachim Murat, King of Naples (1815);  Antonio Canova
(1822);  Elizabeth Fry (1845);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:

     MISCELLANEA:  Today is the Feast of St. Edward the Confessor.
patron of Westminster, and of all England.

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                         OCTOBER 14

     BIRTHDAYS:  King James II of England (VII of Scotland), who
abdicated in 1688 (1633-1701);  William Penn, English Quaker
colonial leader, founder of Pennsylvania (1644-1718);  Samuel
Johnson of New York, colonial clergyman, 1st president of King's
College, now Columbia University (1696-1772);  George Grenville,
English politician nicknamed "the Gentle Shepherd," 1762-3 1st
Lord of the Admiralty, 1763-5 1st Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor
of the Exchequer, & PM 1763-5, deviser of the Stamp Act (1712-
70);  Francis Lightfoot Lee, American Revolutionary leader,
member of Virginia House of Burgesses & Continental Congress,
signed Declaration of Independence (1734-97);  Charles Abbot,
Lord Colchester, English lawyer & statesman (1757);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Ferdinand VII, King of
Spain (1784-1833);  Elwood Haynes, U.S. inventor (1957-1925);
Eamon De Valera, "Dev," "The Long One," tall Irish
revolutionary, statesman, PM (1882-1975);  Kathleen Murry, better
known as Katherine Mansfield, English writer (1888-1923);  Dwight
David Eisenhower, U.S. soldier, statesman, 34th president,
philosopher ("Things have never been more like the way they are
in history") (1890-1969);  e(dward) e(stlin) cummings, u.s. poet, who
wrote on the passing of Warren G. Harding in 1923, "The only
man, woman, or child who ever wrote a simple declarative
sentence with seven grammatical errors is dead." (1894-1962);
Lilian Gish, U.S. actress (1896);  Hannah Arendt, German-born
U.S. philosopher, political scientist, student (and enemy) of
totalitarianism (1906-75);  Joseph Mobutu Sese Seko, Zairean
soldier, statesman, president (1930);

     DEATHS:  Pierre Gassendi (1655);  Paul Scarron (1660);  John
"Orator" Henley (1756);  James, Marshal Keith )1758);  Prince
Gregory Aleksandr Potemkin (1791);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1066, at the Battle of Hastings
the Norman forces overcame the Saxons under King Harold;   in
1656, the General Court of Massachusetts passed punitive
legislation against Quakers in th the colony;  in 1705, the English
navy captured Barcelona in the War of the Spanish Succession; in
1735, John and Charles Wesley, founders of Methodism, set sail
for North America; in 1806, Napoleon defeated the Prussians &
Saxons at Jena & Auerstadt.

     MISCELLANEA:  Today is National Day in Yemen, and bot
Founder's Day and Youth Day in Zaire.  On this day in 1930,
George Gershwin's "Girl Crazy" premiered in New York.

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                         OCTOBER 15

                 TODAY IS WORLD POETRY DAY!

     BIRTHDAYS:  Publius Vergilius Maro, Roman poet (70-19
B.C.E.);  Akbar Jala ud-Din Mohammed, 1556-1605 Emperor of
Hindustan (1542-1605);  Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist,
mathematician, inventor of the barometers & microscopes (1608-
47);  Alan Ramsay, Scottish poet (1686);  Alexander Fraser Tytler,
Lord Woodhouselee, Scottish historian (1747);  Christian, Count
Stolberg, German poet & dramatist (1748);  Johann Heinrich von
Dannecker, German sculptor, friend of Canova, Goethe, Herder,
& Goethe (1758-1841);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Francois Magendie,
French physiologist (1783-1855);  Frederick William IV, mad King
of Prussia (1795-61);  Wilhelm von Kaulbach, German architectural
painter (1805-74);  Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov, Russian poet,
novelist, exile (1814-41);  Asaph Hall, U.S. mathematician,
astronomer, 1877 discovered the moons of Mars (1829-1914);
Helen Hunt Jackson, U.S. novelist, poet (1830-85);  Friedrich
Nietzsche. German philosopher, wit ("It is easier to be gigantic
than to be beautiful") (1844-1900);  Ralph Albert Blakelock, U.S.
painter discovered posthumously (1847-1919);  John L. Sullivan,
last U.S. heavyweight bareknuckle boxing champion (1858-1918);
Paul Reynaud, French statesman, premier (1878-1966);  Sir Pelham
Grenville Wodehouse, prolific English comic novelist, playwright
(1881-1975);  Charles Percy Snow, English novelist, scientist, civil
servant (1905-80);  John Kenneth Galbraith, Canadian-born U.S.
economist -- he once dismissed "trickle-down economics" as
analogous to saying that when horses are well-fed with oats the
birds on the roads will be better off -- diplomat (1908);  Arthur
Meier Schlesinger, Jr., U.S. historian, speechwriter (1917);  Lee
Iacocca, U.S. automobile executive (1920);  Mario Puzo, U.S.
novelist, author of The Godfather (1920);  Evan Hunter, U.S.
novelist, author of the Blackboard Jungle (1926);  Jean Peters, U.S.
actress (1938);

     DEATHS:  Lucretius (70 B.C.E.);  Andreas Vesalius (1564);  Dr.
James Anderson (1808);  Michael Kelly (1826);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1581, the world's 1st ballet, Le
Ballet Comique de la Reine, was performed in Paris; in 1788, Jean
Francois Pilatre de Rozier, French aeronaut, became the 1st
human being to ascend into the air by balloon -- for a flight 60 feet
high, lasting 5 minutes;  in 1815 Napoleon arrived at St. Helena,
never to leave.

     MISCELLANEA:  Today is World Poetry Day; it's Evacuation
Day in Tunisia.  It's also the Feast of St. Teresa of Avila.

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                               OCTOBER 16

     BIRTHDAYS:  Albrecht von Haller, Swiss physiologust, botanist,
poet (1708-77);  Johann Georg Zulzer, Swiss writer on fine arts
(1720);  Noah Webster, U.S. lexicographer (1758-1843);  Jonathan
Dayton, U.S. politician, soldier, congressman, senator (1760-1824);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Giovanni Battista Donati,
Italian astronomer, discovered 6 comets (1826-73);  Oscar Fingall
O'Flahertie Wills Wilde, Irish poet, playwright, wit (1854-1900);  Sir
Joseph Austen Chamberlain, English statesman, 1925 Nobel Peace
Prize (1863-1947);  David Ben Gurion, Polish-born Israeli
statesman, 1st PM (1886-1973);  Eugene Gladstone O'Neill, U.S.
playwright, 1936 Nobel Laureate (1888-1953);  Michael Collins,
Irish patriot, soldier (1890-1922);  Carl Carmer, U.S. folklorist (1893-
1976);  William Orville Douglas, U.S. jurist (1898-1980);  Edward
Ardizzone, British artist, illustrator (1906-79);  Robert Ardrey, U.S.
anthropologist (1907-80);  Manetta Eloisa "Linda' Darnell, U.S.
actress (1921-65);  Angela Lansbury, English actress (1925);  Gunter
Grass, German novelist (1927);  Baddeley Devesi, Governor-
General of the Solomon Islands (1941);

     DEATHS:  Bishops Ridley & Latimer (1455);  Roger Boyle, Earl of
Orrery  (1679);  Robert Fergusson (1774);  Marie Antoinette (1793);
Dr. John Hunter (1793);  Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia (1796);
Joseph Strutt (1802);  Sharman Crawford (1816);  Henry Martyn
(1812);  Thaddeus Kosciusko (1817);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1769, Nathaniel Lloyd of
Twickenham, Esq; completed his last will & testament in verse,
which goes like this: "What am I going to bequeath, / When this
frail spark submits to death; / But still I hope the spark divine / With
its congenial stars shall shine; / My good Executors, fulfil, / I pary
ye, fairly, my last will, / With first and second codicil. / First, I give
to dear Lord Hinton, / At Tryford School--not at Winton. / One
hundred guineas for a ring, / Or some such memorandum thing; /
And truly, much I should have blundered, / Had I not giv'n
another hundred / To Vere, Earl Poulett's second son, / Who
dearly loves a little fun. / Unto my nephew, Robert Longden, / Of
whom none says he ever has wrong done, / Tho' civil law he loves
to lash, / I give two hundred pounds in cash. / One hundred
pounds to my niece Tuder, / (With loving eyes one Matthew
view'd her) / And to her children--just among 'em / A hundred
more, and not to wrong 'em, / In equal shares I freely give it, / Not
doubting but they will receive it. / . . ./ In seventeen hundred,
sixty-nine, / This with my hand I write and sign, / The sixteenth
day of fair October, / In merry mood, but sound and sober; / Past
my three-score-and-fifteenth year, / With spirits gay and
conscience clear, / Joyous and frolicsome, though old, / And like
this day--serene but cold; / To foes well-wishing, and to friends
most kind, / In perfect charity with all mankind. / For what remains,
I must desire, / To use the words of Matthew Prior-- / 'Supreme!
All wise! Eternal Potentate! / Sole Author! sole Disposer of my
Fate! / Enthron'd in Light and Immortality! / Whom no man fully
sees, and none can see! / Original of Beings! Power Divine! /
Since that I think, and that I live, is thine! / Benign Creator! let thy
plastic hand / Dispose of its own effect. Let thy command / Restore,
Great Father, thy instructed son, / And in my act, may Thy great
will be done.'"

      MISCELLANEA:  The United Nations observe October 16 as
World Food Day.  It is the Feast of St. Gall, patron of Switzerland.
On this day in  1938, Aaron Copland's ballet Billy the Kid opened in Chicago.
*************************************************************************
                         OCTOBER 17

     BIRTHDAYS:  Augustus III, King of Poland (1696);  John Wilkes,
English politician (1727);  William Scott, Baron Stowell, Englis
Consistorial lawyer (1745);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Ferencz Deak,
Hungarian statesman (1803-76);  Thomas Fortune Ryan, U.S.
financier (1851-1928);  Childe Hassam, U.S. impressionist painter
(1859-1935);  Robert Lansing, U.S. diplomat, responsible for
purchase of U.S. Virgin Islands (1864-19278);  Charles Herbert
Kraft, U.S. foodstuff manufacturer (1880-1952);  Doris Humphrey,
U.S. modern dancer, choreographer (1895-1958);  William
Randolph "Cozy" Cole, U.S. jazz drummer (1909);  Albino Luciani,
for 34 days Pope John Paul I (1912-28);  Sarah Churchill, English
actress, daughter of Sir Winston (1914-82);  Arthur Miller, U.S
dramatist (1915);  Margarita Carmen Casino, better known as Rita
Hayworth, U.S. actress (1918);  Montgomery Clift, U.S. actor )1920-
66);  Jimmy Breslin, U.S. journalist, novelist (1930);  Robert Craig
Evel Knievel, U.S. stunt motorcyclist (1938);

     DEATHS:  Sir Philip Sidney (1586);  Sir Edmundbury Godfrey,
1678;  Ninon de Leclos (1705);  Dr. John Ward (1758);  Frederic
Chopin (1849);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY: in 1678, Sir Edmundbury Godfrey,
Westminster magistrate hearing the Popish Plot depositions of
Titus Oates, was murdered by parties unknown;   in 1777 British
General John Burgoyne surrendered to American troops at
Saratoga;  in 1797 Austria ceded Belgium and Lombardy to France,
and France ceded Istria, Dalmatia, and Venice to Austria with the
Peace of Campo Formio.

      MISCELLANEA:  Today is Dessalines Memorial Day in Haiti,
commemorating the assassination of Jean JacquesDessaline in
1806.  Malawi observes Mothers' Day today.  On this day in 1944,
the Chicago subway first opened; in 1960, U.S. variety store chains,
including Woolworth's, began integrating their southern lunch
counters.

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                         OCTOBER 18

     BIRTHDAYS:  Aeneas Silvius, Pope Pius II (1405);  Justus Lipsius
(1547);  Michael Wigglesworth, North American colonial poet,
clergyman (1631-1705);  Matthew Henry, English divine (1662);
Francois de Savoie, Prince Eugene, general (1663);  Richard
"Beau" Nash, English master of ceremonies (1674);  Giovanni
Antonio Canal, better known as Canaletto, Italian painter & etcher
(1697-1768);  Peter Frederik Suhm, Danish archaeologist (1728);
Jacques Regis Cambaceres, French lawyer & statesman (1753);
Thomas Phillips, English portrait painter (1770);

     LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Juan Valera y Alcala
Galiano, Spanish novelist, diplomat (1824-1905);  Thomas Hunter,
U.S. educator, college founder (1831-1915);  Frederick III, King of
Prussia for 88 days (1821-88);  Ellen Browning Scripps, U.S.
newspaper publisher, philanthropist, college founder (1836-1932);
Harvey W. Wiley, U.S. chemist responsible for the Pure Food &
Drug Act (1844-1906);  Salomon August Andree, Swedish aeronaut,
lost trying to cross North Pole by balloon (1854-97);  Henri
Bergson, French philosopher, 1927 Nobel Laureate (1859-1941);
James Truslow Adams, U.S. historian (1878-1949);  Fannie Hurst,
U.S. novelist (1889-1968);  Karoline Blamauer, better known as
Lotte Lenya, Austrian actress, singer, best known for her
performance of her husband Kurt Weill's songs (1900-81);  Evelyn
Arthur St. John Waugh, English novelist, satirist (1903-66);  Felix
Houphouet-Boigny, Ivory Coast statesman, president (1905);
Pierre Elliot Trudeau, Canadian statesman, PM, wordsmith
("Fuddle-duddle") (1919);  Jesse Helms, U.S. conservative leader,
journalist, senator, would-be censor (1921);  Richard Peter
Stankiewicz, U.S. "junk" sculptor (1921);  Melina Amalia Mercouri,
Greek actress, political activist, minister of culture (1925);  George
Campbell Scott, U.S. actor (1927);  Lee Harvey Oswald, alleged
assassin of John F. Kennedy (1939-63);

     DEATHS:  Sarah Jennings, Duchess of Marlborough (1744);
Rene Antoine de Reamur (1757);

     ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1685, Louis XIV revoked the
Edict of Nantes, removing religious freedom from the French
Huguenots;  in 1748, the War of the Austrian Succession ended
with the Peace of AIx-la-Chapelle; in 1826, the last English state
lottery was drawn in Cooper's Hall, Basinghall Street, London.

     MISCELLANEA:  Today is the Feast of St. Luke, patron of artists,
doctors, glassmakers, lacemakers, and painters.  On this day in
1867, the U.S. bought Alaska from Russia;  in 1904, Gustav Mahler
conducted the premiere of his 5th Symphony.

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Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU