HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: "andrew comello" <andrew.comello@canrem.com>
Subject: norway starts hunting min
Reply-To: "andrew comello" <andrew.comello@canrem.com>
Organization: Canada Remote Systems
Distribution: sci
Date: 16 Dec 92 15:37:01 EST

Newsgroup: sci.bio
Subject: Norway starts hunting minke whales


ST>I am curious about how people think about the issue
ST>of whale hunting. There is obviously a lot of emotion.

Lots of emotion involved here....

ST>  Do anyone believe that whales have a greater right
ST>  to live than other hunted animals (reindeer etc.)?

In my own opinion, I feel that if you placed all of the animals and
organisms of the earth on an IQ scale, the cetaceans would run a close
second to man... Since they have the greatest IQ besides man, It would
be MORALLY unjust to kill them....

ST>  Do anyone seriously hold the view that "Omaha" seems
ST>  to advocate: Animals are as important as humans
ST>  (implying it is an equal crime to kill an animal as
ST>   to kill a human being)?

yes, sort of... If it is with out a doubt necessary to human survival as
a species that we kill them, then it IS ok to kill animals including
whales for survival purposes only... But we Don't NEED to KILL
CETACEANS!! Everything that comes from them except the meat can be
produced synthetically now!! So IT IS A CRIME TO KILL ANIMALS PERIOD IF
THERE IS NO SUBSTATIAL REASON FOR DOING IT!!!

ST>settled through the work of the scientific committee of IWC,
ST>so the debate is now on moral issues.

Yep... it's all moral now...
---
  SLMR 2.0  I'll jump off that bridge when I come to it.
--
Canada Remote Systems  - Toronto, Ontario
World's Largest PCBOARD System - 416-629-7000/629-7044
From: simonb@extro.ucc.su.OZ.AU (Simon Blomberg)
Subject: Re: menopause
Organization: Sydney University Computing Service, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 00:06:01 GMT

gmt@ukc.ac.uk (G.M.Tardivel) writes:

>On a similar theme to the longevity of males:
>  
>Is the menopause confined to humans? primates? mammals?  

>Is it a feature of longevity - would all female animals have one 
>if they survived long enough? 

>or 

>Is there a selective advantage to having a menopause - would females with a
>menopause leave more breeding progeny than those without?

>(and of course, would men live longer with one?)

>J. Tardivel

Check out Jared Diamond's recent book "The rise and fall of the third
chimpanzee" for one evolutionary ecologist's view of menopause (and other
aspects of the human mating system). I seem to remember references to the
primary literature in the back, too.

Simon.



-- 
Simon Blomberg                                   simonb@extro.ucc.su.OZ.AU
School of Biol. Sciences, A08
University of Sydney           We demand the right to stop to look even at
NSW   2006  Australia          lizards, who are nobody's property. -JBS Haldane
From: jaskew@spam.ua.oz (Joseph Askew)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Re: Lifespans of Males and Lifespans of Females
Summary: Studies of Prisoners
Date: 13 Dec 92 22:53:34 GMT
Followup-To: sci.bio
Organization: Statistics, Pure & Applied Mathematics, University of Adelaide

In article <1g8litINN4d1@newsman.csu.murdoch.edu.au> torban@csuvax1.csu.murdoch.edu.au (Torban Bennett) writes:
>w.p.coyne@newcastle.ac.uk writes:

>>>My question is this:  What can be said about male lifespans compared to female
>>>lifespans for animals other than humans, and especially other mammals?

>>  It might be relevent to consider the issue of eunuchs.  If it is sperm
>>production which reduces lifespan then you might expect that eunuchs would
>>live longer.

>I've been wondering about this ever since I heard that de-sexed cats (both
>male and female) live quite a bit longer.  I can't remember the source or
>the exact figures.  Does anyone know anything about this?

Sorry I don't have a source but I read once that a study showed that prisoners
in the United States who had been castrated (for sex crimes, don't ya love the
US legal system :-) ) lived longer than would normally be expected. However I
can't remember who was doing the study or who they were comparing the prisoners
to - sorry about that. I would like to read the paper again if someone out
there knows which one I'm thinking of, so if anyone knows of it hit 'F' about
now.

Of course we are missing the important issue here which is why do right handed
males live 10 years longer on average than left handed males?


Joseph Askew


-- 
Joseph Askew, Gauche and Proud  Barbarian horns draw out the northern wind;
jaskew@spam.maths.adelaide.edu  Paler than water lies the Thistle Pass;
Disclaimer? Sue, see if I care  Sky swallows up the road to Kokonor;
One China One Korea One Eire32  Moonlight, a thousand miles along the Wall.
Newsgroups: sci.bio
From: ledwards@leland.Stanford.EDU (Laurence James Edwards)
Subject: dinosaur tongues
Organization: DSG, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 92 07:54:42 GMT

Hey, anybody know if any dinosaurs are thought to have forked tongues
like the Komodo dragon?

Just curious.

Larry Edwards
Newsgroups: sci.bio
From: adpeters@sunflower.bio.indiana.edu (Andy Peters)
Subject: Re: Negative selection (really!)
Organization: Program in Evolution, Ecology, and Behavior, Indiana University
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 1992 04:34:15 GMT

[Disclaimer:  I have missed the beginning of this thread.  If I repeat
anything below which has been said before, I apologize in advance.]

In article <1992Dec16.144720.18569@husc3.harvard.edu> robison1@husc10.harvard.edu (Keith Robison) writes:
>Isn't just my signature convincing enough?  :-)
>
>	I have been asked to explain further my recent comment here
>that:
>
>	Any sort of heavy negative selection (large parasite load) can
>        cause speciation.  This has been shown in Tom Ray's Tierra stuff.
>        If some host's dodge one way, and some the other, it can
>        eventually lead to incompatibility.
>
>Tom Ray's work has been published in the Sante Fe Institute's 
>proceedings for their Artificial Life conferences.  I don't have
>the paper's handy, so I can't check them right now.  The work
>I am referring to may be unpublished (I saw it as a demo when
>I was an undergrad at Delaware)
>
>In Ray's system, the organisms are essentially asexual (although 
>recombination occasionally occurs).  If in his system you start with
>only a parasite and it's host, new forms of the host quickly arise,
>(which are immune) to be followed by new forms of the parasite.          
>(which can parasitize the new form).  Thus what I suggested probably
>holds true for asexual organisms -- strong negative selection can
>cause speciation.

What exactly does "negative" selection mean?  I would argue that
selection is selection:  some genotypes are more likely to reproduce
than others.

As for parasites leading to speciation, I suppose it depends on how
you define "species" in the case of asexual organisms.  The definition
above seems to be, "any new genotype."  Mind you, I am what W. D.
Hamilton has referred to as a "host-parasite coevolution freak"
myself, and I'm glad when anything can be explained in terms of
parasites :-), but it doesn't seem like any sort of new mechanism has
been offered here; since "incompatibility" means nothing in an asexual
population, there's no need for it here.

>What about for sexual species?  Well, the same should apply IF
>the "dodges" used by different variants affect the fitness of
>hybrids between those variants, such as changes in reproductive
>structures (macro or micro), alterations in the timing of reproduction,
>gross genetic rearrangements, etc.  

Here's where "incompatibility" is more likely to become important.  I
would argue, however, that any "revolutionary" strategy for avoiding
parasitism (or any other strong selective pressure) would spread
rapidly through a sexual population, and not cause speciation unless
there was significant population subdivision.  If population
subdivision was being assumed, I apologize for reinventing the wheel.

>Keith Robison
>robison@biosun.harvard.edu 
-- 
--Andy
     "God is a real estate developer / with offices around the nation
          They say one day he'll liquidate / his holdings on High
             I say it's all speculation." -- Michelle Shocked
From: ldsoderb@susssys1.reading.ac.uk (David S. Oderberg)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: artificial breeding
Summary: question: has artificial breeding produced new species?
Keywords: artificial, natural, selection, species
Date: 18 Dec 92 11:12:11 GMT
Organization: University of Reading

This is a request for information, and I would be grateful for assistance.

Could someone please tell me whether artificial breeding/selection has
so far produced any news species, according to the generally accepted
definition/s of `species' among biologists (interbreeding capacity etc.)?
Even including the very latest in biotechnological achievements, has the
creation of new species been attained?

I am aware of the alleged creation of plant hybrids which can't be crossed
with either parent species: do these, if they exist, qualify?  

I am also aware of Drosophila experiments, but again I do not know if there
are any results relevant to my question.

If no one out there is able or has time to set me straight on this
question, could someone please recommend a decent and recent review article
that I might easily obtain, and which covers this very issue? I am a
philosopher, and currently doing a little research in phil. of biol., so
any help would be much appreciated.

D.S. Oderberg
Univ. of Reading
England
From: lmh@iago.caltech.edu (Henling, Lawrence M.)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Re: Blindsight & Subconscious controlled behaviour
Followup-To: sci.bio
Date: 11 Dec 1992 20:48 PDT
Organization: California Institute of Technology
Distribution: world
NNTP-Posting-Host: iago.caltech.edu
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41    

From: lmh@iago.caltech.edu (Henling, Lawrence M.)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Re: Blindsight & Subconscious controlled behaviour
Summary:  
Date: 11 Dec 1992 20:42 PDT  
Followup-To: sci.bio
Distribution: world
Keywords:  

In article <101362@netnews.upenn.edu>, rowe@pender.ee.upenn.edu (Mickey Rowe) writes...

>>  Has anyone come accross any good books on the subject of
>>blindsight?

>might wish to take with a dose of salt.  Michael Gazzaniga (of split
 brain and PBS series fame) has been going around claiming that
 blindsight might be an artifact.  He has studied some patients in
 ... 
 a poster.  Both occurred last year, so I suspect that he's published
>it somewhere by now (aside from the poster abstracts, that is).
____________________________________________________________________


 From Science, 27 November 1992, Vol 258, pages 1489-1491
 Residual Vision in a Scotoma: Implications for Blindsight
Robert Fendrich,* C Mark Wessinger, Michael S Gazzinaga
* Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis CA 95616

larry henling  lmh@shakes.caltech.edu
From: gtclark@festival.ed.ac.uk (G T Clark)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Re: Evolution defined as genetic change?
Date: 14 Dec 92 16:02:41 GMT


	Errmm...

	Certainly it is possible to define phenotype as those effects of
the genotype that are "visible",but I've also seen it defined as the
overall makeup of a creature from the combined effects of genetic and
environmental factors.Personally I'm not sure which I prefer.One is
simple and elegant,the other is messy and unpleasantly realistic.
	You pays your money and takes your choice,I suspect,which makes
answering the question a bit difficult unless an agreement on semantics
can be reached.

	G.
Newsgroups: sci.bio
From: sigurd@novaja.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (Sigurd Tjelmeland)
Subject: Norway starts hunting minke whales
Organization: University of Bergen, Norway
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 92 12:53:53 GMT

I have just read through the postings started by
a countryfellow of mine. He did not seem to trigger
any intelligent and enlightening debate, though.

Some time ago, there was a similar "debate" on
sci.environment triggered by a posting of an article
about the work in the scientific committee of IWC.

I am a little involved in this issue professionally, so
I am curious about how people think about the issue
of whale hunting. There is obviously a lot of emotion.

I have two questions:

  Do anyone believe that whales have a greater right
  to live than other hunted animals (reindeer etc.)?

  Do anyone seriously hold the view that "Omaha" seems
  to advocate: Animals are as important as humans
  (implying it is an equal crime to kill an animal as
   to kill a human being)?

I believe that the question of hunting of minke whales
in the North Atlantic from the perspective of preserving
or endagering the species as such has been finally
settled through the work of the scientific committee of IWC,
so the debate is now on moral issues.

Regards,

Sigurd Tjelmeland
Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway

direct e-mail:  sigurd@imr.no
From: robison1@husc10.harvard.edu (Keith Robison)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Negative selection (really!)
Date: 16 Dec 92 19:47:17 GMT
Article-I.D.: husc3.1992Dec16.144720.18569
Distribution: world
Organization: Harvard University Science Center

Isn't just my signature convincing enough?  :-)

	I have been asked to explain further my recent comment here
that:

	Any sort of heavy negative selection (large parasite load) can
        cause speciation.  This has been shown in Tom Ray's Tierra stuff.
        If some host's dodge one way, and some the other, it can
        eventually lead to incompatibility.

Tom Ray's work has been published in the Sante Fe Institute's 
proceedings for their Artificial Life conferences.  I don't have
the paper's handy, so I can't check them right now.  The work
I am referring to may be unpublished (I saw it as a demo when
I was an undergrad at Delaware)

In Ray's system, the organisms are essentially asexual (although 
recombination occasionally occurs).  If in his system you start with
only a parasite and it's host, new forms of the host quickly arise,
(which are immune) to be followed by new forms of the parasite.          
(which can parasitize the new form).  Thus what I suggested probably
holds true for asexual organisms -- strong negative selection can
cause speciation.

What about for sexual species?  Well, the same should apply IF
the "dodges" used by different variants affect the fitness of
hybrids between those variants, such as changes in reproductive
structures (macro or micro), alterations in the timing of reproduction,
gross genetic rearrangements, etc.  


Keith Robison
Harvard University
Department of Cellular & Developmental Biology
Department of Genetics / HHMI

robison@biosun.harvard.edu
From: frye@acavax.lynchburg.edu
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: listing of Bio. profs/researchers
Date: 11 Dec 92 12:52:32 -0500
Organization: Lynchburg College

Just a question:  is there a listing of biology professors in the USA and 
the research that they are doing?  Either on the nets or in book form would
be very helpful.  "current research in Britian" covers Great Britain,,,
but I have yet to locate anything for the USA..
If there isn't one, what does anyone think about getting one on the nets?
list by university, professors name and indexed by research area...

Thanks,

Frye@acavax.lynchburg.edu
From: rcooke@OAVAX.CSUCHICO.EDU (RON COOKE)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Re: WINOGRADSKY COLUMN
Date: 20 Dec 92 00:29:53 GMT
Reply-To: rcooke@OAVAX.CSUCHICO.EDU
Organization: California State University, Chico
NNTP-Posting-Host: oavax.csuchico.edu

In article <BzH02r.7vA@ddsw1.mcs.com>, arf@ddsw1.MCS.COM (Jack Schmidling):
>
> 
>         Winogradsky Column (Or something like that)
> 
> 
> Several months ago Hemant Chikarmane of Woods Hole described 
> a fascinating sounding project for all us Mr Wizzards.
> 
> I followed the instructions to the letter (more or less) and 
> got exactly what I put in plus a little algae and a few 
> emergent blades of grass.
> 
> I seem to have lost his email address and want my money
>  back :)    Besides it is tying up a very useful graduated 
> cylinder.
> 
> Are you around Hermant?  Has anyone else had problems 
> getting this going?
> 
> js
>


For a good description and procedure see:                                  
Corner, T.R. 1992. Ecology in a jar. The Science Teacher.
59(3):32-36
















**********************************************************
RON COOKE, CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, CHICO
RCOOKE@OAVAX.CSUCHICO.EDU
From: davison@menudo.uh.edu (Dan Davison)
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Re: listing of Bio. profs/researchers
Date: 11 Dec 1992 23:20:04 GMT
Organization: University of Houston
NNTP-Posting-Host: menudo.uh.edu
In-reply-to: frye@acavax.lynchburg.edu's message of 11 Dec 92 12:52:32 -0500

In article <1992Dec11.125233.64@acavax.lynchburg.edu> frye@acavax.lynchburg.edu writes:

   Just a question:  is there a listing of biology professors in the USA and 
   the research that they are doing? 

For NSF, at least, there is information available about what they've
funded and the names of the principal investigators on stis.nsf.gov,
via anonymous FTP, or via gopher to the NSF gopher hole.

dan
 
--
dr. dan davison/dept. of biochemical and biophysical sciences/univ. of
Houston/4800 Calhoun/Houston,TX 77204-5934/davison@uh.edu/DAVISON@UHOU

-----RIP Isaac Asimov 1920-1992     I'll miss him --------------------

Disclaimer: As always, I speak only for myself, and, usually, only to
myself.
From: hoyled@cs.man.ac.uk (Duncan Hoyle (ADM PhD))
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: ultrasound
Date: 11 Dec 92 13:34:57 GMT

Hello.
I don't know if this is in the correct group but here goes anyway.
A friend of mine without access to the net is trying to get hold of
an MSc paper but if not having any success. We are in Manchester,
England, and our library has so far not found what she wants.
I'm posting this hoping that someone may be able to help,by either 
providing the author's address or the department address.

The deatails I have are :-

	BR55980 XR78053Y THESIS
	ROHR ,K R
	EFFECTS OF ULTRASOUND ON BILAYER LIPID MEMBRANES
	MSC
	MAINE
	1976

Thanks 
Duncan

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Duncan Hoyle						   hoyled@cs.man.ac.uk
Room 2.25b						   Tel: 061 275 5740
Dept. of Computer Science
University of Manchester
Oxford Road
Manchester
England 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Newsgroups: sci.bio
From: adpeters@sunflower.bio.indiana.edu (Andy Peters)
Subject: Re: Evolution defined as genetic change?
Organization: Program in Evolution, Ecology, and Behavior, Indiana University
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 1992 14:28:39 GMT

In article <29517@castle.ed.ac.uk> rambaut@castle.ed.ac.uk (A E Ram aut) writes:
>swf@tools3teradata.com (Stan Friesen) writes:
>
>>|> Would it not be more correct to define evolution in terms of phenotypic
>>|> change as it is the phenotype that most mechanisms of evolution (natural
>>|> selection, sexual selection  etc.) act upon.
>
>>No, this will not work.  For a change to count as evolutionary, it *must*
>>be inheritable, that is it must be genetic.  This is because non-heritable
>>changes are not propagated, and thus cannot be *accumulated* - which makes
>>the whole process rather meaningless.
>
>Phenotype is by definition inheritable because the phenotype is the
>physical manifestation of the genotype an inheritable set of alleles.

Actually, phenotype is generally defined as the physical manifestation
of the interaction of the genotype with the environment; hence the
equation:

  V(p) = V(g) + V(e)

Or, variation in the phenotype is made up of variation due to the
genotype and variation due to the environment.  So, some proportion 
(0 <= p <= 1) of the phenotype is heritable and some proportion isn't.

>Andrew.

-- 
* Andy Peters                     * I borrowed Dad's jack.  I'll *
* Program in Evolution,           *   return it and his rivet    * (<-Don't
*      Ecology, and Behavior      *        gun tomorrow          *     ask)
* Indiana University, Bloomington *            -Bob              *
From: w.p.coyne@newcastle.ac.uk
Newsgroups: sci.bio
Subject: Re: Blindsight & Subconscious controlled behaviour
Date: 12 Dec 92 11:31:28 GMT
Reply-To: w.p.coyne@newcastle.ac.uk
Organization: Chemical & Process Engineering Dept, University of Newcastle, UK.

rowe@pender.ee.upenn.edu (Mickey Rowe) writes:

>In article <ByuDyn.L78@newcastle.ac.uk> w.p.coyne@newcastle.ac.uk writes:
>>
>>  Has anyone come accross any good books on the subject of
>>blindsight?

>I doubt that books have been written *about* blindsight, although it's
>been discussed in some books.  Off the top of my head I'd suggest that
>you look at Patricia Churchland's _Neurophilosophy_.  I know that she
>has brief descriptions of blindsight and blindness denial.

>Other things you might want to look at (though I confess I haven't yet
>gotten to them myself) are Patricia Churchland and Terrence
>Sejnowski's recent book _The Computational Brain_, and Daniel
>Dennett's (I'm not certain of that spelling) _Consciousness
>Explained_.  

 Thanks for the ref's.  For anyone else who is following this
I thought I mention I was told via email that this or last weeks
issue of Science has an article on Blindsight.

>Mickey Rowe     (rowe@pender.ee.upenn.edu)
From: jpcampb@afterlife.ncsc.mil (Joe Campbell)
Newsgroups: sci.bio.technology
Subject: Bio Tech Writer Career in Balt/Wash DC?
Date: 18 Dec 92 03:35:29 GMT
Organization: The Great Beyond

Hi,
My wife is seeking a technical writer/editor career at a biotechnology firm
or institution in the Baltimore/Washington DC metropolitan area.  She was a
senior tech writer at Westinghouse and has performed graduate level
microbiology research.  We'd be most grateful for any employment
recommendations as well as places to avoid.
Happy Holidays,
Joe
-- 
.............................................................................
; Dr. Campbell  N3JBC  jpcampb@afterlife.ncsc.mil  74040.305@compuserve.com ;
; My opinions are mine!   Happiness = Reality - Expectations, Click & Clack ;
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From: jpcampb@afterlife.ncsc.mil (Joe Campbell)
Newsgroups: sci.bio.technology
Subject: BioTech Magazines and Journals?
Date: 18 Dec 92 03:08:54 GMT
Organization: The Great Beyond

Could someone please share with me a list of biotechnology magazines
and journals?  Please forgive me if this is an FAQ, but I'm unable
to find an FAQ for this group :-(
Joe
-- 
.............................................................................
; Dr. Campbell  N3JBC  jpcampb@afterlife.ncsc.mil  74040.305@compuserve.com ;
; My opinions are mine!   Happiness = Reality - Expectations, Click & Clack ;
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
From: EZISUT01@TREARN.BITNET (gokhan KAVAS)
Newsgroups: sci.bio.technology
Subject: bacteriophage
Date: 15 Dec 92 15:45:24 GMT
Reply-To: Biotechnology Discussion List <BIOTECH%UMDD.BITNET@cmsa.Berkeley.EDU>
Distribution: inet
Organization: The Internet

----------------------------Original message----------------------------
HELLO,
   I have been studying in microbiology but I am interesed in bacteriophage
and the importance of these in prepering starter cultures used in dairy technol
ogy.

   I wait your help. Thank you very mach.
   You can contack me at.

   EGE UNV. ,FAC. of AGRICULTURE,
   Dep. of Dairy Technology
   BORNOVA-IZMIR-TURKIYE
   E-MAIL EZISUT01 AT TREARN
From: nick@gepard.msk.su (Ovcharenko Nickolay Yurievich)
Newsgroups: sci.bio.technology
Subject: "BEER'S POISON":Information needed. Cooperation proposals.
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 92 11:49:56 +0200
Distribution: world
Organization: GEPARD, Ltd
Reply-To: nick@gepard.msk.su

Dear Gentlemen!
Here in Russia we are going to produce beer's poison ( may be it is called
another way ). Would you be so kind to help us in finding medical or pharma-
cological centers interested in long-time cooperation. High adepts
and great specialists in this branch are also very needed for us.
              Sincerely     Nickolay Ovcharenko
          nick@gepard.msk.su
         fax (095)-135-70-30 "for Gepard"
         telex 911528 IMS SU "GEPARD Ltd"