HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: amon@elegabalus.cs.qub.ac.uk
Subject: Re: All systems are what? (was Re: Mars Observer Update #2 - 10/07/92)
X-Added: Forwarded by Space Digest
Organization: [via International Space University]
Original-Sender: isu@VACATION.VENARI.CS.CMU.EDU
Distribution: sci
Date: Fri, 9 Oct 1992 17:50:29 GMT

> And what does it mean?  If a subsystem is not "Go,"  what else  
could
> it be?  I mean, what other values X might "All subsystems are X"  
have?
> 


Have you ever heard of Go/No Go decisions? You make them all the time  
in aviation :-)
Newsgroups: sci.space,sci.astro
From: higgins@fnala.fnal.gov (Bill Higgins-- Beam Jockey)
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: Lunar advertising, eyeball resolution (was Re: Laser Space Mirror)
Date: 13 Oct 92 05:02:09 GMT
Organization: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
NNTP-Posting-Host: fnala.fnal.gov

In article <1992Oct10.151428.8423@ke4zv.uucp>, gary@ke4zv.uucp (Gary Coffman) writes:
> In article <718606909snx@osea.demon.co.uk> andy@osea.demon.co.uk (Andrew Haveland-Robinson) writes:
>>
>>Why not laser raster scan the clouds with MacDonalds adverts?   >cringe<
> 
> I've heard of a proposal to "paint" the Coke logo on the Moon. Using a
> highly reflective "dust", say titanium dioxide smoke particles, sputtered
> onto the surface by an electron beam from a lunar orbiting satellite.
> The layer could be molecules thick [...]

Gary, this isn't clear.  How would "an electron beam" sputter
"titanium dioxide smoke particles" onto the surface?

The last time this thread came up, more than a year ago, I began to
wonder just how much you could write on the lunar surface that would
be visible from the Earth.  I never got around to writing it up, and
my copy of McCormick's *Human Factors Engineering* is in another
building right now.  But the Moon is pretty small, only half a degree
across, and your eye has only a limited angular resolution (a number
that varies according to the contrast with the background, one thing
that makes the calculation tricky).  

For example, Mare Crisium, over on the eastern edge, on my right in
the Northern Hemisphere, is pretty hard to make out as a separate
object with the naked eye.  

Even with very good contrast (like 90% albedo stuff painted on the 5%
albedo Moon), you probably couldn't fit more than one or two dozen
"pixels" across the Moon.  So much for the Coca-Cola logo.

If we relax the requirements, and say that the advertising must be
readable with 7-power binoculars, we can do much more.

By the way, Heinlein's *The Man Who Sold the Moon* isn't the only
place where this idea appears.  In one of the stories in *The Other
Side of the Sky*, Arthur Clarke suggests that releasing sodium vapor
from the surface could cause a glow in the lunar "atmosphere" that
could be observed from the Earth temporarily-- rather like sounding
rockets or the CRRES satellite occasionally do for this planet.  One
of the astronauts inserts a stencil in the sodium-vapor nozzle, and
the Coke logo floats across the Moon for all the world to see...

     O~~*           /_) ' / /   /_/ '  ,   ,  ' ,_  _           \|/
   - ~ -~~~~~~~~~~~/_) / / /   / / / (_) (_) / / / _\~~~~~~~~~~~zap!
 /       \                          (_) (_)                    / | \
 |       |     Bill Higgins   Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
 \       /     Bitnet:     HIGGINS@FNAL.BITNET
   -   -       Internet:  HIGGINS@FNAL.FNAL.GOV
     ~         SPAN/Hepnet:      43011::HIGGINS
From: nicho@VNET.IBM.COM
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: Re: UFO EVIDENCE VS. Carl Sagan
Date: 7 Oct 92 12:48:11 GMT
Reply-To: nicho@vnet.ibm.com

In <rabjab.12.718419379@golem.ucsd.edu> Jeff Bytof writes:
>(I am of course referring to Dr. Sagan's hobby interests - "ethical
                              ============
  Has Carl Sagan actually got a doctorate in anything ???  Last I heard
(long time ago , true) he was just plain ol' C. Sagan
 -----------------------------------------------------------------
               ** Of course I don't speak for IBM **
Greg Nicholls ... nicho@vnet.ibm.com or nicho@cix.compulink.co.uk
                  voice/fax: 44-794-516038
From: Keith.Stein@f118.n109.z1.fidonet.org (Keith Stein)
Sender: Uucp@blkcat.UUCP
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: Re: South africa tests sat
Date: Tue, 13 Oct 1992 23:07:19 -0500

I read a article in the Washington Post a few months back about South 
Africa starting up there own space program. I wrote to CSIR in South 
Africa but they didnt release anything but information about their AMSAT 
satellite project. In the Post article they said their getting this 
missile technology from Isarel. They hope to start launching their own 
geostationary satellites in late 94-95 I think it said. Interesting 
stuff, everyone is getting into space now!

From: stanb@hpnmdla.sr.hp.com (Stan Bischof)
Date: Sat, 10 Oct 1992 15:20:56 GMT
Subject: Re: Drop nuc waste into sun
Organization: Hewlett-Packard, Santa Rosa, CA
Newsgroups: sci.space

In sci.space, dnk@cs.mu.OZ.AU (David Kinny) writes:

>sma@waikato.ac.nz (Stephen Anderson) writes:

>Why on earth do you think that fusion doesn't produce waste?
>Read up on the effects of neutron bombardment.  Commercial fusion
>reactors will produce substantial amounts of waste, but it won't
>be in the form of spent fuel rods.

>>Stephen..

>..David

Last I saw, one of the goals was to eventually get to a D-D reaction
so that the only byproduct is an energetic alpha, as opposed to the
14MEV neutron from the easier D-T fusion. It's that hot neutron that
causes the problems you are referring to, and which indeed creates
some nasty byproducts in the reaction chamber walls.

At the worst, however, a DT reactor should produce much less waste
than a fission reactor.

Long time off in any case, which is a shame.

Stan Bischof
HPSR
Newsgroups: sci.space
From: henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer)
Subject: Re: Query Re: pluto direct/ o
Date: Thu, 15 Oct 1992 22:20:51 GMT
Organization: U of Toronto Zoology

In article <1992Oct15.162950.21583@eng.umd.edu> sysmgr@king.eng.umd.edu writes:
>Couldn't you use a chemical first stage, then deploy a solar sail to add on
>some speed...

Getting useful acceleration from a sail, even in the inner solar system,
requires dedicating a substantial fraction of the total spacecraft mass
to the sail, and accepting a lot of hassles with deployment and control.
Light pressure is not strong enough for a little add-on sail to be a
practical propulsion system.
-- 
MS-DOS is the OS/360 of the 1980s.      | Henry Spencer @ U of Toronto Zoology
              -Hal W. Hardenbergh (1985)|  henry@zoo.toronto.edu  utzoo!henry
Newsgroups: sci.space
From: myempire@mentor.cc.purdue.edu (Matt J. Martin)
Subject: ASRM pollution
Organization: Purdue University Computing Center
Date: Mon, 12 Oct 1992 07:22:42 GMT

    I'm currently doing some research on goverment-sponsored risk communication.
Does anyone out there know were I might find some info on the recent debate
between NASA and the residents living near the ASRM test facilities.  
    This research is for the purpose of understanding the process of risk
communication only, and will not be used to either attack or defend NASA's
position on this issue.  

    Thank's just all to pieces.


  ##########################################################################   
  ##   /   ##               Progress Before Peace!               ##   /   ## 
  ##  //   ## Matt J. Martin, Technosociology and Space Politics ##  //   ## 
  ## ///// ######################################################## ///// ##
  ##   //  ##        Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN       ##   //  ##
  ##   /   ##           myempire@mentor.cc.purdue.edu            ##   /   ##
  ##########################################################################

Newsgroups: sci.space,alt.sci.planetary
From: knapp@spot.Colorado.EDU (David Knapp)
Subject: Re: Mars Observer info?
Organization: University of Colorado, Boulder
Date: Sun, 11 Oct 1992 07:17:37 GMT

In article <Bvx9rr.7w3@access.digex.com> prb@access.digex.com (Pat) writes:
>In article <1992Oct5.193214.21355@ucsu.Colorado.EDU> knapp@spot.Colorado.EDU (David Knapp) writes:
>>
>>Instruments:
>>
>>Gamma Ray Spectrometer; studies surface chemicals/composition
>>Mars Observer Camera; photographs surface
>
>>Thermal Emission Spectrometer; measures IR (I'm guessing primarily surface)
>>Pressure Modulator Infrared Radiometer; measures the atmospheric emission
>>Mars Observer Laser Altimeter; gives higher resolution topographical info
>>Magnetometer/Electron Reflectometer; investigates Martian magnetic fields.
>>
>>
>>The MOC (camera) has <*2* meter resolution! (loud gasp of amazement.) This will
>>allow for detailed study of mass transport over the surface with seasonal 
>>variations. (and some very impressive photos indeed.)
>>
>
>
>MO  is currently scheduled only to image mars.  i talked to some
>planetary scientists who were hoping to wheedle some imaging time
>to look at phobos and deimos.  if so,  what are some of the considerations.
>
>i was thinking along the lines of:
>
>	1)  what kind of resolution will they get?
>
>	2) will they be able to image all sides.
>
>	3)  would they be able to use the other instruments as well.
>
>	4) what kind of impact will this have on spacecraft operations.
>	i imagine MO is going to go into a sun synchonous polar orbit,
>	so to get more uniform imaging and keep power levels uniform.
>	would imaging the moonlets, eat up  thruster gas or impede
>	solar collection?
>
>just a few questions.
>
>thanks


The imaging camera is actually only a linear array, sweeping up images
as the planet passes beneath the s/c.

My hunch is that due to geometries of the orbit and the camera, viewing
of moons won't be possible.

-- 
David Knapp                                      University of Colorado, Boulder
Perpetual Student                                   knapp@spot.colorado.edu
Newsgroups: sci.space,alt.sci.planetary
From: collins@well.sf.ca.us (Steve Collins)
Subject: Re: Mars Observer info?
Organization: Whole Earth 'Lectronic Link
Date: Sun, 11 Oct 1992 20:08:15 GMT


From the standpoint of attitude control, pointing the MOC at a moon is
possible but rather tricky. MO can hold an inertial attitude and
slew about a fixed body axis, to provide some motion compensation, the
hard part is doing this whileiBJJ'>s meeting several constraints we have on
attitude. The camera can't bee
pointed too close to the sun, and we can't have the array away from the
sun for too long.  Since this sort of thing interrups our normal mapping
and Mars atmospheric data collection, several science teams would prefer
we didn't.  If we are still up and running at the end of the nominal mission,
there is a good chance we will attempt to do some stuff like that. From
an AACS point of view it probably possible, I don't really know how
close we get, so I'm not sure what kind of picture might be possible.
I have heard talk about trying to get hi res pictures of the viking landing
sites, though...
                     steve Collins MO Spacecraft Team (AACS)
Newsgroups: sci.space
From: amon@elegabalus.cs.qub.ac.uk
Subject: Re: Bootstrap hardware for LunaBase
X-Added: Forwarded by Space Digest
Organization: [via International Space University]
Original-Sender: isu@VACATION.VENARI.CS.CMU.EDU
Distribution: sci
Date: Mon, 12 Oct 1992 16:58:39 GMT

> $30 billion is not the construction cost. It is the construction  
cost
> *plus* the development engineering cost, by far the largest part of
> the cost. A second set incurs only bent metal cost, much cheaper. 

> Probably no more than $8 billion even with the modifications  
required
> for surface use.
> 


I don't entirely disagree with your numbers, but this statement is  
financial nonsense (no offense). You amortize R&D costs over some  
number of units. In the case of fixed capital investment, you  
amortize it over a period of time specified by tax laws for a  
particular class of capital equipment. You don't write it off in one  
lump sum against the first unit of production.

Please use reasonable accounting practice when you state things like  
this. Boeing and the 747 is a reasonable model of how to charge the  
R&D and manufacturing facilities against N units of a product over a  
long time period. I'm sure there must be someone out there like Dani  
who could tell you how they did it.

BELIEVE ME. The second unit is NOT just the cost of bent metal.
Newsgroups: sci.space
From: gary@ke4zv.uucp (Gary Coffman)
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: Re: Why not Mir? was(what use is freedom?)
Date: 8 Oct 92 03:23:55 GMT
Reply-To: gary@ke4zv.UUCP (Gary Coffman)
Organization: Gannett Technologies Group

In article <BvrEuD.4xG@zoo.toronto.edu> henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes:
>In article <1992Oct6.171821.19794@yang.earlham.edu> yannb@yang.earlham.edu writes:
>>			I don't see why NASA, ESA, and the Japanese Space 
>>Agencies should spend all that money on this Space Station Freedom.  My 
>>question is:  why not spend less, and have each country but a module on 
>>the Mir? ...
>
>Evidently you're under the impression that putting a useful space station
>into orbit is the highest priority for SSF.  This is technically sensible
>but politically naive.  SSF's first priority is full employment for the
>NASA internal bureaucracy.  Its second priority is major contracts for
>a bunch of very hungry aerospace contractors.  (The order of priorities
>1 and 2 may be reversed depending on who you're talking to.)  Putting
>hardware into space is a distant third.  This is how such megaprojects
>work, unfortunately.

Henry is being cynical, but SSF is not primarily a science project. It
is primarily a engineering development testbed and demonstration project.
The aim is not to get maximum science return for the buck. The aim is to
get maximum engineering experience in large habitable space structures.
That we'll get some science return from the project is only a side benefit.
Using MIR would not build the US engineering base that is the primary
goal of the project.

Gary
Newsgroups: sci.space
From:  vsa@msd.orbi.kostroma.su (Voevodin S.A.)
Subject: VSA: Help!
Date: Wed, 14 Oct 1992 11:44:11 GMT
Reply-To: vsa@msd.orbi.kostroma.su
Organization: AO ORBI (MS-DOS)


 Dear Sir,

 If you are able please help me! Can you answer my questions:

 1. Do you have a List of all flights of 'Europa' space launcher?
 2. A. Fisher is in the Astronaut detachment, isn't he? What skandal did
    take place?
 3. When did D.Slayton retire from NASA astronaut team?
 4. What satellites should have been launched by Indian ASLV-1 and 2 space
    boosters?
 5. When and what Chinese Landing capsules should have returned to the Earth?
 6. "TRW Space Log 1957-1991" gives a launch booster for 1970-09 TAT-Delta-
    Agena D. What kind of booster is it? What does it look like?
 7. "NASA Rocket Statistics. January 1978", the only source, said that the
    first lunar Subsatellite was launched from  Apollo-14. Is it true or
    just a misprint?
 8. Why was the spaceship where Grissom, White and Chaffee burned dead in
    1967, called Apollo-1 though Apollo-1-3 flied before 1967?
 9. Apollo AS-206, 207, 208 flied to the Skylab spacestation, Apollo AS-210
    flied fulfilling ASTP, where is Apollo AS-209 then?
10. What construction differences are there between Atlas E, Atlas F and
    Atlas H space launchers?


Sergey A. Voevodin

vsa@msd.orbi.kostroma.su
From: rabjab@golem.ucsd.edu (Jeff Bytof)
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: Re: UFO EVIDENCE VS. Carl Sagan
Date: Thu, 8 Oct 1992 17:20:50 GMT
Organization: ucsd
Distribution: na
NNTP-Posting-Host: lutherlab.ucsd.edu

>>   Has Carl Sagan actually got a doctorate in anything ???  Last I heard
>> (long time ago , true) he was just plain ol' C. Sagan

>A glance at American Men and Women of Science shows Carl Sagan with:
>AB - 1954, BS - 1955, MS - 1956, PhD - 1960 (Astron,Astrophys)
>all granted by the University of Chicago.

Doesn't he also have a medical degree from Stanford?

Jeff Bytof
rabjab@golem.ucsd.edu
Newsgroups: sci.space
From: rowland@zorba7.larc.nasa.gov (Michael W. Rowland)
Subject: ENV SATELLITE SHUTDOWN IN DEC 1992
Keywords: nasa, environment, meteorology, satellite, ozone, aerosol
Reply-To: rowland@zorba7.larc.nasa.gov (Michael W. Rowland)
Organization: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681  USA
Date: Fri, 9 Oct 1992 18:05:33 GMT

This is a repost of 6 Oct. posting (revised)...

We at Langley Research Center received news on Thursday, October 2,
1992 that NASA intends to shutdown the following satellites in
December to save about $15M:

     NUMBUS-7

     ERBS

     NOAA-9 (partial?)

     NOAA-10 (partial?)

     UARS (SPRING 1993)

Some of the following experiments that will terminate when
their satellites are shutdown are:

     Stratospheric Aerosol Measurement II  (SAM II)

     Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBS) (3)

     Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE II)
     
     Total Ozone Measurement System (TOMS)

     Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE)

     Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS)

No plans have been stated to restart the satellites.

Budget cuts are specified in House Conference Report 102-902
that is attached to HR 5679, Sept. 24, 1992.

Mike Rowland

Mike Rowland, Aerosol Research Branch, MS 475
NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton VA 23681
internet: rowland@zorba7.larc.nasa.gov
Newsgroups: sci.space,sci.astro
From: eatlv@cbnewsg.cb.att.com (thomas.vandoren)
Subject: Re: SETI positive?
Organization: AT&T
Date: Thu, 8 Oct 1992 14:27:21 GMT

In article <7OCT199215545204@csa2.lbl.gov> sichase@csa2.lbl.gov (SCOTT I CHASE) writes:
>still limitted in sensitivity.  For example, using this detector at 100 light 
>years from Earth, you could not detect the random TV and radio signals that
>we have inadvertantly transmitted out into space.  We really only have

   Especially since those signals would still be 50 light years away!

   Sorry, just being smart!

   Would we be able to detect omni-directional signals, as long as they
were fairly strong (like space beacons or something)?  Or would they
really have to be directed at us?
   I assume what you were saying is that random radio or TV emissions could
be detected within a 100 light year range?  Thats not too bad, how many
systems are there in that range?  Maybe 20 ?

Lee

Newsgroups: sci.space
From: graham@venus.iucf.indiana.edu (JIM GRAHAM)
Subject: Amateur Radio Astronomy..SOURCES
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.3-4   
Reply-To: graham@venus.iucf.indiana.edu
Organization: Somewhere in Bloomington, Indiana
Distribution:  world
Date: Fri, 16 Oct 1992 14:44:08 GMT


There are occasional questions on the net about amateur radio astronomy.

I thought I'd put this information sheet together, hoping to help out
a few wanna-be's.

The following are the only ones I'm aware of.  I was a past member,
and used to subscribe to both journals.

I personally own a 12 foot and a 20 foot dish, spectrum analyzer, and
necessary front-end electronics to get on the air, but have disassembled
everything because of moving.

If you have any further questions, I'll _try_ to answer them.

Jim Graham
graham@venus.iucf.indiana.edu
----------------------------------------------------------------------

The leading organization for Amateur Radio Astronomers is:

The Society of Amateur Radio Astronomers (S.A.R.A.)
P.O. Box 4208
Tampa, Florida  33677-4208

S.A.R.A. publishes a monthly or bimonthly journal (I can't recall)
of member activities and occasional guest articles by professional
Radio Astronomers.

S.A.R.A.'s president is:
Jeff Lichtman
37 Crater Lake Drive
Coram, NY  11727

Jeff also publishes various how-to books of amateur radio astronomy
in the microwave spectrum.

If the above two addresses fail, look for an ad in the back of any
Sky & Telescope for "Bob's Electronic Service".  It is owned and
operated by Bob Sickels, past president of S.A.R.A. and the leading
vendor for amateur radio astronomy components and even complete 
systems.

Bob publishes a "get-your-hands-dirty" periodical of amateur projects.


disclaimer:  None of the above is meant as advertisement or endorsement.
             They are simply facts.

--
Jim Graham  

        -> ->Disclaimer: I do not speak for my company. <- <-
                          Neither do they speak for me.
 ______________________________________________________________________
| Internet: graham@venus.iucf.indiana.edu                              |
|           dolmen!jgraham@moose.cs.indiana.edu                        |
| BBS:      The PORTAL DOLMEN BBS/ParaNet ALPHA-GAMMA (sm) (9:1012/13) |
|            (812) 334-0418, 24hrs.                                    |
|______________________________________________________________________|
Newsgroups: sci.space,sci.astro,alt.sci.planetary
From: dmarble@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Duane F Marble)
Subject: Re: Pioneer Venus Briefing Set for Today
Keywords: Pioneer Venus, ARC
Organization: The Ohio State University
Date: Fri, 9 Oct 1992 21:51:04 GMT

Since it vanished "out of sight" I am waiting for the articles in
National Enquirer, etc., about aliens snatching the vehicle.
-- 
Duane F. Marble			       E-mail: dmarble@magnus.acs.osu.edu
Department of Geography                Telephone: (614) 292-2250
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio 43210                   Fax: (614) 292-6213
Organisation: European Space Operation Centre (E.S.O.C)
Date: Wednesday, 14 Oct 1992 09:00:24 CET
From: <TNEDDERH@ESOC.BITNET>
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: Re: Two-Line Orbital Element Sets, Part 2

Sorry, but we are in mid of october and the last state of EUVE is again
for august 19th.  Is it not anymore tracked by NORAD?

-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Thorsten Nedderhut             |  Disclaimer:
mbp Software & Systems GmbH    |
c/o ESA/ESOC/FCSD/OAD/STB      |  Neither ESA nor mbp is responsible
Darmstadt, Germany             |  for my postings!
tnedderh@esoc.bitnet           |
Newsgroups: sci.space
From: prb@access.digex.com (Pat)
Subject: Re: Magellan
Organization: UDSI
Date: Thu, 8 Oct 1992 17:33:24 GMT

In article <BvH5Dt.Lww@zoo.toronto.edu> henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes:
>to desaturate them from time to time using thrusters.  This does set an
>ultimate limit on its life.  In Magellan's case, equipment failures will
>probably kill it before then, and budget failures will probably silence
>it even sooner.
>

of course what i was wondering, is given the cheesy condition of the
radar,  why not continue the stereo mapping of venus before they
move onto gravity measurements.  
what i saw at WSC,  they have 98% appx of venus's surface mapped
at two angles,  but only stereo views of appx 30% of venus.

from what i gather transmitter b is down to it's last legs for radar.
why not try and finish the mapping mission before it croaks and then do the
gravity mission, or is it that the gravity mission has a higher
science return and priority over stereo mapping.  or is the third
possibility that they wish to preserve transmitter life for
possible use in the close in mapping if they can get more budget?

--
From: pstc@igc.apc.org (Public Service Telecommunications Consortium)
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: von_Brown_
Date: 7 Oct 92 13:00:00 GMT
Nf-ID: #N:cdp:1469100021:000:726
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!pstc    Oct  7 06:00:00 1992


I'll have to ht some books on Von Braun's Gestapo role and title,
but I do remember, years ago, one of his sidekicks, in an 
interview in the old (long-gone) Herald Tribune in New York,
stating that "Dr. von Braun was a major in the Gestapo, but,
of course, the title was strictly honorary."  In this same
interview, the same sidekick spoke of Dr. von Braun's desire
to become fully Americanized and was seriously considering 
changing his name. Henceforth, he would _not_ be Werner von
_Braun_ but, instead, Werner von _Brown_.  I kept this
item for many years but, in my last move, it got away 
from me.  Perhaps someone else is old enough to recall
both the New York Herald Tribune - and the item.  Bert
Cowlan. <pstc@igc>
Newsgroups: sci.space