From: fred@iapetus.earth.nwu.edu (Fred Marton)
Subject: Re: Godel and the US constitution
Organization: Geological Sciences Department, Northwestern University
Date: Thu, 3 Sep 1992 22:19:14 GMT

In article <1566@eagle.ukc.ac.uk> nps1@ukc.ac.uk (N.P.Smart) writes:
>As a Brit could someone post a summary of what the amendments to the 
>constitution are.
>IE So when I read this discussion, which is very interresting, if I
>see 14th Amendment I know what your talking about.
>
>Nigel

1. Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition. (1791)
2. Right to bear arms. (Mind you, I'm just giving you the basics here.
   This one, in particular, is involved in a lot of squabbling.) (1791)
3. No unconsented quartering of troops. (1791)
4. Warrants necessary/no unreasonable searches and seizures. (1791)
5. Grand jury indictment necessary for trial; one trial/offense (the 
   prosecution can't appeal an aquittal; can't be compelled to testify 
   against yourself; due process; compensation for private property 
   used for public use. (1791)
6. Fair and speedy trial by jury. (1791)
7. Common law suits where the value in controversy is > $20, the right
   to a trial by jury is preserved. (1791)
8. No cruel or unusual punishments nor excessive bail. (1791)
9. Other rights not listed are retained by the people. (1791)
10. Powers not delegated to the Federal government are resevered to
    the states or the people. (1791)
11. The judicial power of the United States shall not be construed
    to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted
    against one of the United States by citizens of another State,
    or by citizens or subjects of any foreign State [sic]. (1795)
12. Separate Electoral College ballots for the President and Veep,
    and what to do in case of ties. (1804)
13. No slavery. (1865)
14. Definition of a citizen; no state can abridge the rights nor
    deprive a citizen of life, liberty, or property without due
    process, nor deny any citizen equal protection of the laws;
    new census and 21 year old male citizens can vote. (1868)
15. The right to vote can't be denied on account of race, color,
    or previous condition of servitude. (1870)
16. Income tax! (1913)
17. Senators elected by the people. (1913)
18. Prohibition. (1919)
19. Women get the vote. (1920)
20. Congress and the Pres start their terms in Jan.; what to do if
    you lose a President. (1933).
21. Prohibition repealed. (1933).
22. Two terms or ten years as President, no more. (1951).
23. D.C. Electoral College votes. (1961)
24. No poll tax. (1964)
25. What to do if the President can't serve; replacing the Veep. (1967)
26. 18 year olds get the vote. (1971)
27. Raises to become effective after the next election. (1992)
    (Some controversy about this one.  It was originally proposed with
    the Bill of Rights [1-10] but didn't get the 3/4 of the states 'til
    this year.  Some have argued that because it took so long, it doesn't
    count, but the Archivist of the United States has put it in.)

Sorry if anything isn't quite clear.
fred

 *****************************************************************************
 **   F. Cung Marton              **    "You're looking at me as if this    **
 **   fred@earth.nwu.edu          **    weren't a scientific explanation."  **
 **   Dept. of Geological Sci.    **            -- Linus Van Pelt           **
 **   Northwestern University     **                                        **
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