From: meng@idt.unit.no (Tore Mengshoel)
Newsgroups: comp.ai,comp.ai.neural-nets
Subject: SUMMARY logic/neural (symbolic/subsymbolic)
Date: 6 Apr 92 17:46:59 GMT
Reply-To: meng@idt.unit.no (Tore Mengshoel)
Followup-To: speeo@thor.cardiff.ac.uk, uhumptl@meaddata.com
Organization: Div. of CS & Telematics, Norwegian Institute of Technology

Summary of responses to query logic/neural (symbolic/subsymbolic) 
----------------------------------------------------------------

In using the term "subsymbolic" I seem to have largely triggered
responses pointing me to cognitive science papers.
Here, a lot of papers has been initiated by Smolensky's
1988 paper "On the proper treatment of connectionism" that
appeared in the Brain and Behavioral Sciences (BBS).

All the references I received seem to lie in the broader category
of symbolic vs. connectionism rather than logic vs. neural (that
can be considered a subset). One paper in the volume I of
PDP is, however, addressing this matter: "The logic of activation
functions" by Williams. In the conlusions to this paper, the author points to
the convenience of logical computation as a framework for studying
many NN architectures in order to enhance understanding of them.
If anyone has pointers to later papers along these lines, I would
appreciate it (and summarize).

There has neither been any pointers to works concerning the
concrete combinations of the two approaches. The list of
references resulting from my query follows.

Tore
-----------------------------------------------------------------

From hughc@spectrum.cs.unsw.oz.au:

Ramsey, Stich and Garon (1991) 'Connectionism, Eliminativism
and the Future of Folk Psychology'. In Tomberlin, (ed) 
_Philosophical Perspectives IV: Action Theory and the Philosophy
of Mind_

O'Brien, G. (1991) [I forget the title]. Its in the journal
_Philosophical Psychology_ for that year, and is a criticism
of the Ramsey Stich and Garon paper above. Immediately following
it is a response from Steve Stich.

Clapin, H. (1991) (me!) 'Connectionism Isn't Magic' 
_Minds and Machines_ Vol 1 #2. Also a criticism of Ramsey
Stich and Garon's paper.

From Bill.Viggers@comp.vuw.ac.nz:

MicroCognition	Andy Clark	BF311 C592 M

Smolensky 	'A proper treatment of connectionism' BBS 1988
Reggia J A 	Procedings of the IEEE v 76, p 680, 1988
Chandras B 	AI MAG v9, p24, 1988 { cant, waikato, lincon, databank}
Strong GW 	BBS v12, p381, 1989
Young MP 	BBS, v12, p417, 89
(Massaro DW 	BBS v12, p741,89)
Davies M, 	British journel for the philosphy of science v40, p541, 1989
Hintzman DL, 	annual review of psychology v41, p109, 1990
wilson JR 	Human Factors v31, p619, 1989
Haberlan K, 	BBS, v12,p495,1990
Hansen SJ 	BBS v13,p471,1990
Harnad S	Physica D v42, p335, 1990

From honavar@iastate.edu:

Honavar, V. & Uhr, L. (1990). 
Symbol Processing Systems, Connectionist Networks, and Generalized
Connectionist Networks. Tech. Rep. 90-24. Ames, IA: Iowa State University
Dept. of Computer Science.

Honavar, V. & Uhr, L. (1990).
Coordination and Control Structures and Processes: Possibilities for 
Connectionist Networks. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial
Intelligence 2 277-302.

Honavar, V. & Uhr, L. (1992).
Generative Learning Structures and Processes for Generalized Connectionist
Networks. Information Sciences (Special Issue on Neural Networks and 
Artificial Intelligence). To appear. 

Honavar, V. (1992).  
Learning Parsimonious Representations of Three-Dimensional Shapes. 
NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Mathematical Representations of Shape.
Netherlands. To appear.

From piccolbo@ghost.dsi.unimi.it:

Gardenfors, Balkenius.
Non-monotonic reasoning in neural networks.
Proceedings of Knowledge Representation 91. 
(This reference might be incomplete)


 


































From ihaya@g6.crl.mei.co.jp Mon Mar 16 04:05:23 1992
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Date: Mon, 16 Mar 92 12:01:34 JST
From: ihaya@g6.crl.mei.co.jp (I.Hayashi[CG6])
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To: mqwu@unixg.ubc.ca
Cc: meng@idt.unit.no, ihaya@g6.crl.mei.co.jp
Subject: Papers about fusion technology between NNs and Fuzzy logic 
Status: R



Dear Dr. James ????


I'm Isao Hayashi. I belong to Matsushita Electric Indusurial Co.
LTD., (Panasonic).  I've been researched fusion technology 
between Fuzzy Logic(FL) and Neural Networks(NNs) for about five years.

I knowed that you looked for these papers from E-mail of Dr. 
Tore Mengshoel on gnus. I wrote a paper of the fusion algorithm 
between FL and NNs in IEEE Japan (Denshi-Tokyo). I think that
it's the paper Dr. Tore Mengshoel said.  That is 

   Artificial Neural Network-Driven Fuzzy Control and Its Applicaion
   to the Learning of Inverted Pendulum Syste, IEEE Tokyo Section
   Denshi Tokyo, No.29, pp.64-69, 1990.

Except for this algorithm, we have proposed the following other
algorithms. If you want these papers, I'd like to send you these papers.

1) NN-Driven Fuzzy Reasoning, Int. J. Approximate Reasoning, Vo.5,
   pp.191-212, 1991
2) Artificial Neural Network-Driven Fuzzy Control and Its Applicaion
   to the Learning of Inverted Pendulum System, 3rd IFSA Congress
   proceeding, Seattle, pp.610-613, 1989
3) A Self-Tuning Method of Fuzzy Control by Descent Method,
   4th IFSA Congress proceeding(Engineering), Brussels, pp155-158, 
   1991
4) A Self-Generating Method of Fuzzy Inference Rules, IFES'91 proceeding,
   Yokohama, pp1047-1058, 1991
5) A Proposal of Fuzzy Connective with Learning Function and Its
   Application to Fuzzy Information Retrieval, FES'91 proceeding,
   Yokohama, pp.446-455, 1991
6) A Self-Generating Method of Fuzzy Inference Rules and Its Applicaion
   to Obstacle Avoidance of a Mobile Robot, ISEM-Nagoya, Nagoya, 1992
7) Formulation of CMAC-Fuzzy System, FUZZ-IEEE'92, SanDiego, 1992
8) A Learning Method of Fuzzy Inference Rules by Descent Method,
   FUZZ-IEEE'92, SanDiego, 1992
9) A Self-Tuning Method of Fuzzy Reasoning by Genetic Algorithm,
   IFSICC'92, Louisville, 1992.

If you want these papers, I'd like to send you willingly.
Thank you.

Best regards, 

Isao Hayashi(ihaya@g6.crl.mei.co.jp)
Central Research Laboratories, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. LTD.,
3-15, Yakumo-Nakamachi, Moriguchi, Osaka, 570, Japan.



From VOSSE@rulfsw.LeidenUniv.nl Mon Mar 16 09:20:30 1992
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Date: Mon, 16 Mar 1992 09:18 MET
From: VOSSE@rulfsw.LeidenUniv.nl
Subject: Sub-&symbolix
To: meng@idt.unit.no
Message-Id: <01GHPGQ7O5008WW7MC@rulfsw.LeidenUniv.nl>
X-Envelope-To: meng@idt.unit.no
X-Vms-To: IN%"meng@idt.unit.no"
Status: R

To: meng@idt.unit.no
Subject: Sub-&symbolix

Hi,

You asked for references to combinations of symbolic and sub-symbolic
processing techniques. Well, prof. Kempen and I have written an article
on a hybrid model of sentence processing, in which standard symbolic
techniques (grammatical representations and tree building) are combined
with sub-symbolic, albeit not neural, techniques (activation decay,
simulated annealing) for finding the best parse tree. This combination
can be extended to any kind of symbolic processing (we have considered
implementing it in the domain of visual recognition, but have not done
so, as our interests lie mainly elsewhere). The article has appeared
three times. The (rather long) title is:
Kempen, G., and T. Vosse. "Incremental Syntactic Tree Formation in Human
Sentence Processing: a Cognitive Architecture Based on Activation Decay and
Simulated Annealing"
It has appeared in:
- Language and Cognition. J. Montangero, A. Tryphon (eds). Cahier 10 de
Fondation Archives Jean Piaget. Geneva, 1989.
- Connection Science: Special Issue on Hybrid Systems, Number 3, Volume 1.
Carfax publishing company, Oxford, 1989
- Connectionist Natural Language Processing. N. Sharkey (ed). Kluwer,
Dordrecht, 1992.
The Connection Science journal might also contain some other items that could
interest you. Hoping to have been of service,

	Theo Vosse
	----------
	Experimental Psychology Unit
	University of Leiden
	The Netherlands

Anderson & Rosenfeld (1988)
  Neurocomputing: Foundations of Research
Levelt, W.J.M. (1990)
  Are multilayer feedforward networks effectively
  Turing Machines? Psychological Research, 52, 153-157
Newsgroups: comp.ai