From: bagiai@whiteoak.EBay.Sun.COM (Tu' Xua^'t)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.vietnamese
Subject: [POETRY/LIT]Va(n Chu+o+ng VN, Tutorial - Part IIA, Tho+ Lu.c-Ba't (part 6)
Date: Wed, 8 Apr 92 17:49:32 PDT
Message-Id: <9204090049.AA04905@whiteoak.EBay.Sun.COM>
Reply-To: bagiai@whiteoak.EBay.Sun.COM
Distribution: world

 3) A^m ddie^.u: (Lua^.t ba(`ng tra('c va` cao tha^'p)
      A^m Ba(`ng:
          Chu+~ Nho la` "Bi`nh": la` nhu+~ng tie^'ng lu'c pha't ra ba(`ng
          pha(?ng dde^`u dde^`u.

          Co' 2 thanh ba(`ng:
          Phu` Bi`nh Thanh  : Chu+~ Kho^ng co' da^'u
          Tra^`m Bi`nh Thanh: Chu+~ co' da^'u HUYE^`N (`)

      A^m tra('c:
          Chu+~ Nho co' nghia~ la` nghie^ng, le^.ch: la` nhu+~ng
          tie^'ng khi pha't ra hoa(.c tu+. tha^'p le^n cao hoa(.c tu+. cao
          xuo^'ng tha^'p.

          Co' 6 thanh tra('c:
          Phu` Thu+o+.ng Thanh   : Nga~ (~)
          Tra^`m Thu+o+.ng Thanh : Ho?i (?)
          Phu` Khu+' Thanh       : Sa('c (')
          Tra^`m Khu+' Thanh     : Na(.ng (.)
          Phu` Nha^.p Thanh      : Sa('c
              (Cho ca'c tie^'ng dda(`ng sau co' phu.  a^m c, ch, p, t)
          Tra^`m Nha^.p Thanh    : Na(.ng (.)
              (Cho ca'c tie^'ng dda(`ng sau co' phu.  a^m c, ch, p, t)

        Lua^.t Ba(`ng Tra('c:
                Ca^u Sa'u: b b t t b b
                Ca^u Ta'm: b b t t b b t b

        Chu+~ thu+' nha^'t, thu+' ba, thu+' na(m kho^ng ba('t buo^.c
        pha?i theo lua^.t, theo le^. "Nha^'t, Tam, Ngu~ ba^'t lua^.n"

        Tie^'ng thu+' hai, thu+' tu+, thu+' sa'u, thu+' ta'm cua? hai
        do`ng lu.c va` ba't pha?i theo lua^.t: tie^'ng thu+' hai
        ba(`ng, tie^'ng thu+' tu+ tra('c, tie^'ng thu+' sa'u ba(`ng,
        tie^'ng thu+' ta'm ba(`ng. Co`n ca'c tie^'ng o+? vi. tri' le?
        thi` tu+. do. (Nhi., Tu+', Lu.c pha^n minh)

        Example:
                Mu+a nghie^n la' xuo^'ng a^n ca^`n
                b    b       t   t       b   b
                Tie^'ng tho+ Nguye^~n Khuye^'n co~i va^`n Nguye^n Sa
                T(b)    b    t         t       T(b)  b    B(t)   b
                Y'  ga^`n ca^.n no^~i ddau cha
                T(b)  b     t     t     b    b
                Chu+~ tho+m  da   me. va`ng ca  dao   ru+`ng
                T(b)     b  B(t)  t    b     b  B(t)   b
                ..................
                                Du Tu+? Le^(Va(n so^' 118, Apr 1992)

            Nhu+~ng chu+~ "b", and "t" la` thanh "ba(`ng", "tra('c"
            theo lua^.t, co`n nhu+~ng chu+~ "B", "T" la` nhu+~ng
            tie^'ng "ba(`ng", "tra('c" tha^.t su+., va` theo lua^.t
            "Nha^'t, Tam, Ngu~(, Tha^'t) ba^'t lua^.n.

        Tru+o+`ng ho+.p dda(.c bie^.t: Khi na`o ca^u sa'u chia la`m
        hai ddoa.n ba(`ng nhau, theo nhi.p tho+ (3 / 3), thi` chu+~
        thu+' hai co' the^? ddo^?i ba(`ng ra tra('c.

        Example:
            Du` ma(.t la., dda~ lo`ng quen
                            Bi'ch Ca^u Ky` Ngo^.

        Example:
          Buo^`n tro^ng cu+?a be^? chie^`u ho^m
          Thuye^`n ai tha^'p thoa'ng ca'nh buo^`m xa xa

        Be^n ca.nh lua^.t pho^'i ho+.p ba(`ng - tra('c(tu+'c la`
        ve^` ma(.t ddu+o+`ng ne't cua? thanh ddie^.u)co`n co' lua^.t
        pho^'i ho+.p cao - tha^'p(tu+'c la` ve^` ma(.t a^m vu+.c
        cua? thanh ddie^.u).

        Trong do`ng ba't, tie^'ng thu+' sa'u va` tie^'ng thu+' ta'm
        dde^`u mang thanh ba(`ng nhu+ng kha'c nhau ve^` a^m vu+.c
        (nghia~ la` ne^'u tie^'ng tru+o+'c la` ba(`ng cao - kho^ng da^'u
        thi` tie^'ng sau pha?i la` ba(`ng tha^'p - da^'u huye^`n
        hoa(.c ngu+o+.c la.i)

        Ngoa`i ra, dde^? a^m thanh co' the^m tie^'t ta^'u thi`
        mo^~i hai ca^u mo^~i ddo^?i va^`n, ma` bao gio+` cu~ng
        pha?i gieo va^`n ba(`ng:

                    Lo`ng em nhu+ qua'n ba'n ha`ng
                                             -----
                    Du+`ng cha^n cho kha'ch qua dd`ang ma` tho^i
                                                ------       =====
                    Lo`ng anh nhu+ ma?ng be` tro^i
                                             =====
                    Chi? ve^` mo^.t be^'n chi? xuo^i mo^.t chie^`u
                                               =====         #######
                                            Em vo+'i Anh - Nguyen Bi'nh
                                            (1940)

            Chu' y' dde^'n ca'ch gieo va^`n va` ddo^?i va^`n o+?
            nhu+~ng chu+~ co' du`ng "-----", hay "=====" hay
            "####"
            Chu+~ "dda`ng" trong ca^u Ba't la` "ye^u va^.n",
            chu+~ "tho^i" la` "cu+o+'c va^.n".

    Do ddo' lua^.t ba(`ng tra('c a?nh hu+o+?ng dde^'n a^m ddie^.u cua?
    ca^u tho+, tha`nh ra tho+ theo ddu'ng lua^.t bao gio+` cu~ng
    co' a^m ddie^.u nghe ra^'t e^m tai.
(co`n tie^'p)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.vietnamese