From: CMSgt Mike Bergman <bergman@afnews.pa.af.mil>
Subject: AFIS Package - 31 Aug
Organization: Hq Air Force News Agency/SCC
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 1992 20:38:02 GMT


From CMSgt Mike Bergman <bergman@afnews.pa.af.mil>


From CMSgt Mike Bergman <bergman@afnews.pa.af.mil>


Press Pack #35 for the Week of August 31, 1992

    This is the electronic edition of "Press Pack," which also is
published weekly in camera-ready form by the American Forces
Information Service, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense
(Public Affairs), 601 N. Fairfax St., Room 312, Alexandria, VA
22314-2007.
     Material in "Press Pack" is intended for use by editors of
Department of Defense-sanctioned publications and news editors of
DoD electronic media.  Permission is not needed to reprint or
broadcast its contents, but please credit AFIS and individual
authors for material used.
     Call 703-274-4849 (DSN 284-4849) for editorial matters and
703-274-4853 (DSN 284-4853) for graphics or distribution matters.

		      _________________________


DoD Meets Hazardous Waste Goals Early

By F. Peter Wigginton
American Forces Information Service

     DoD has met its hazardous waste reduction goals one year ahead
of schedule.
     The department originally hoped to dispose of 50 percent of
its hazardous waste between 1987 and 1992.  However, according to
data compiled by the Defense Environmental Management Information
System, DoD hit the target at the end of 1991.
     Further, recently released figures show disposal reached 53.9
percent, nearly 4 percent above projections.  Even more
encouraging, industrial-type facilities reduced hazardous waste by
63.5 percent during the reporting period.  These facilities
normally account for about 60 percent of all hazardous waste
generated.  They include shipyards, maintenance depots and air
logistics centers.
     Also significant is that these reductions occurred during the
increased activities associated with Operations Desert Shield and
Desert Storm.  According to Tom Baca, this demonstrates that the
department's pollution prevention investments are paying off.  Baca
is deputy assistant secretary of defense for environment.
     "I am proud of the efforts that the department has made," Baca
said.  "The future is even brighter as we develop new technologies
and processes leading toward the drastic reduction and elimination
of the use of hazardous materials."
     He noted the department has won two Environmental Protection
Agency awards.  The agency presented one award to the Navy
Exploratory Development Program, Warminster, Pa.  It gave the other
award to Fairchild Air Force Base, Wash.
     EPA commended the Navy for developing a unicoat paint, which
reduces volatile organic compounds and hazardous waste by 67
percent.  The new product permits a one-coat application instead of
the traditional two primers and top coat operation.  EPA lauded
Fairchild for its comprehensive pollution prevention planning and
implementation efforts.
     The agency also named the Army Depot Systems Command,
Chambersburg, Pa., a runner-up for an award because of its program
to pool pollution prevention research and development among several
depots.
     Baca explained the reduction numbers are for all DoD
installations in the United States that shipped hazardous waste
off-site for treatment and disposal.  Each service and the Defense
Logistics Agency submit reports annually to Baca's office to report
on their progress toward the reduction goal.  Hazardous wastes
tracked for the goal are based upon 1987 amounts.
     In 1987, DoD reported a total of 174,000 tons of hazardous
waste that had to be disposed.  According to the new figures,
80,000 tons remain to be eliminated.

END


Barrels Plus Explosives Equal Bad Day in Baghdad

By Evelyn D. Harris
American Forces Information Service

     It was a problem from the start of the Desert Storm air war.
The Iraqis' command and control bunkers were buried so deeply
nothing in the coalition arsenal could destroy them.
     To solve the problem, researchers at Eglin Air Force Base,
Fla., designed and tested the GBU-28 Bunkerbuster bomb in 14 days.
It was used in combat a month after the requirement surfaced.
     "A contractor employee got the idea on Jan. 25," said Air
Force Maj. Dick Wright.  "One of the bombs penetrated an Iraqi
command and control bunker on Feb. 27, four hours before the end of
the war."
     Wright was program manager for the bomb at the Air-to-Surface
Guided Weapons Office at Eglin.  He is now based at the Pentagon.
     "We could have done it this quickly only in a war," said
Wright. "Normally, new weapons take years from concept design to
fielding."
     Wright said the Air Force knew it would need a weapon that
could penetrate a hardened target before the war.  It had a concept
for a heavy, laser-guided weapon that could be dropped from a high
altitude.  "But we didn't have a steel tube big enough for the bomb
bodies," he said.  "Then, one of our contractors, a retired
soldier, had an inspiration.  He said the Army had barrels from
M-201 cannons literally sitting on a scrap heap at Letterkenny
(Army Depot, Pa.)."
     Wright said top Air Force officials informally approved the
scheme, but there wasn't time to go through the formal contracting
process.  "Fortunately, the contractors were willing to take a risk
and work with us before it was formally approved," said Wright.
     The need was urgent, he said. "We'd seen the films of the
bomb's predecessor, the 2,000-pound BLU-109.  It just couldn't
penetrate the target.
     "We were racing against the clock, but fortunately, everything
worked," said Wright.  First, the Air Force Systems Command asked
for and received excellent cooperation from the Army.
     "(Army) workers at the Watervliet Arsenal, N.Y., scraped out
the empty cannon barrels to expand their interior size from eight
inches to 10 inches, still leaving us a two-inch wall thickness,"
said Wright.
     Kathy Douglas, deputy program manager for the bomb, said the
Army broke records to get the job done.  The New York Air National
Guard stood by to fly equipment and barrels wherever the Eglin
workers needed them.
     Researchers relied on existing components from the GBU-27
guided weapon and the BLU-109 warhead.  Also, everyone involved --
Army, Air Force, government civilians and contractors -- had an
intense sense of mission and desire to do their part, said Wright.
     After Watervliet bored out the barrels and cut the 17-foot
barrels down to about 13 feet, Eglin's high-explosive research and
development team members got busy.  Their job was to "bake" a
5,000-pound bomb.
     Bomb fillings are mixed in giant 300-pound cauldrons that look
like they could be used to mix cake batter for King Kong.  Except
that the bomb makers wear protective eyegear, they could easily
pass for commercial cooks standing over kettles in white lab coats.
     Bunkerbuster would be the biggest bomb they ever made -- twice
the size of any weapon produced before at Eglin.
     The bombshell, referred to as a "penetrator" by the people at
Eglin, was so long the bomb makers had to dig a pit outside the
facility.  They lowered the penetrator into the pit for loading.
Inside the facility, workers melted TNT flakes in the cauldrons.
They poured the molten explosive into the penetrator.
     Normally, bombs are baked in curing ovens.  Again, the size of
new bomb made this a difficult process.  Eglin's regular curing
oven was too small, so the bomb makers wrapped the penetrator with
copper tubing and circulated hot water to bake the bomb.  They used
felt insulation to keep it warm.
     It took the team two days to bake its first bomb.  Then, they
loaded it under the wing of an F-111.  On Feb. 24, the bomb was
tested at Tonopah Test Range near Nellis Air Force Base, Nev.  It
passed with flying colors.
     A sled test at Holloman Air Force Base, N.M., followed.  "It
cut through more than 20 feet of concrete like a knife going
through butter," said Wright.  Earlier bombs could penetrate half
that distance.
     Eglin bakers made two more bombs and autographed them.  One
printable message was "This one's for you, Saddam."
     On Feb. 27, airmen in the gulf loaded the Bunkerbusters on
aircraft.  The bombs worked perfectly.  They destroyed Iraqi
bunkers, and hours later, the war was over.
     But Wright said Eglin's bomb designers and makers won't rest
on their laurels.  "We hope to build an even better bomb," he said.


Defense Releases Details of New Acquisition Policy

By Jim Garamone
American Forces Information Service

     DoD's new acquisition policy -- unveiled recently at the
Pentagon -- stresses research, redefines the milestone system for
acquisition and stresses the importance of a healthy industrial
base.
     The policy is a realistic look at what the United States will
need in defense following the Cold War.  Undersecretary of Defense
for Acquisition Don Yockey outlined the policy in a white paper.
     The paper calls for a board to examine facets of the policy
and calls for the development of two plans to chart the course of
the acquisition policy.  In addition, the Defense Conversion
Committee will also help chart the acquisition course.
     The threat of the Warsaw Pact and the Soviet Union drove
acquisition of defense equipment for more than 40 years.  Because
of communists' larger armed forces, U.S. policy stressed the
qualitative equipment edge.  Any development of better weapons in
the Soviet Union had to be met by a corresponding development in
the United States.
     The United States still adheres to the qualitative edge, and
that's where research and development fit in, according to the
white paper.
     "Although we will reduce the quantity of new weapons produced,
the need to maintain technological superiority, a key combat force
multiplier, will drive us to increase efforts in developing new and
innovative technology," Yockey said in the paper.
     Keys to this process lie in advanced technology
demonstrations.  The demonstrations will focus on proving whether
technologies are mature enough to bring into production, if needed.
The director of defense research and engineering will lead the
charge on developing the demonstrations and in preparing a defense
science and technology strategy.  The director also chairs the
Defense Technology Board, which will ensure improved integration of
science and technology with the system acquisition process.
     Yockey said many demonstrations will not progress to either an
upgrade or to a new weapon system.  If a demonstration shows a
technology is mature enough and there is a definable need for the
new weapon, then the system will progress into existing procurement
procedures.
     Critics maintain the demonstrations are nothing new:  They are
simply business as usual under a different name.  Not so, according
to the white paper:  "The key distinctions between advanced
technology demonstrations and acquisition system activities is that
the former are part of the science and technology base and are
focused on validating the viability and producibility of a
technology."
     Acquisition system activities, on the other hand, will be
started only after the technologies in question have been
demonstrated, thoroughly tested and shown to be producible.  Yockey
insisted new technologies must have a clear and verified military
need.  The new technology also must be cost-effective.
     Maintaining an adequate defense industrial base is also
addressed document.  With weapons procurement dropping, officials
are concerned that not enough capability in certain technologies
critical to the defense industry will be left.  DoD will identify
these critical technologies and determine what is needed to
maintain the capability.
     There is more to maintaining the industrial base than simply
having machines ready in case a weapon system needs to be built.
It includes maintaining the capability of the work force.  It
includes ensuring materiel is available and the industrial process
itself will work.
     DoD has four main objectives for the industrial base.  First,
it must support the base force structure during peacetime.  Second,
it must be able to support needs during contingencies.  Third, it
must be able to provide the production needed if another global
threat emerges.  Fourth, it must be efficient and cost-effective.
     The assistant secretary of defense for production and
logistics is tasked with developing a plan that will define the
steps needed to maintain an adequate defense industrial base.
     Deputy Defense Secretary Donald Atwood has named a
senior-level Defense Conversion Committee, chaired by David J.
Berteau, principal deputy assistant secretary of defense for
production and logistics.  It will define the economic and labor
difficulties faced by shrinking portions of the defense industry
and develop a strategy to address these concerns.  Its report is
due by the end of the year.

New Concept For Warriors Unveiled

By F. Peter Wigginton
American Forces Information Service

     Pentagon plans call for a new approach to command, control,
communications and computer systems.
     Called "C4I for the Warrior," military communication experts
are designing a single, global C4I system -- command, control,
communications, computers and intelligence.  The system will give
warfighters access to information to meet their requirements.  DoD
wants to equip them with a single computer terminal and voice
device so they can carry out their missions anywhere, any time, at
any level.
     "We are inundating our people with all kinds of information
and all kinds of different keyboards and phone banks," said Army
Lt. Col. Bob Hartel.  "And it's hampering our ability to fight
effectively.  If you're out there in the foxhole, you don't need to
see different strategic plans.  You need to see a single one
displayed."  Hartel is action officer for the Architecture and
Integration Division of the Joint Staff.
     Hartel said to discover what's going on in his battle space,
today's joint task force commander must look at systems from each
service and special operations forces.  Then he has to mentally
fuse the information.  Instead, whether in the foxhole or at the
command post, the warfighter needs intelligence, not a barrage from
five different keyboards and billions of bytes of unnecessary data.
     Also, rather than a bank of six or seven different phones, a
single voice device is needed, said Hartel.  "Gen. (John) Galvin
was commander in chief of the U.S. European Command in Germany," he
said.  "His communicator told me that when the phone rang and
Galvin turned around, he didn't know which phone to answer."
     To talk securely to the Syrians during Desert Storm, Hartell
said the French called on one secure telephone unit that had to be
connected to another secure phone system at headquarters.  "Then
the U.S. guy ran down the hall, got to the Saudis, who got on
another secure phone unit.  And then they could talk to the
Syrians.  That was a gulf solution for combined interoperability.
If we go out tomorrow morning with a joint task force, we're not
going to accomplish the mission because we can't talk or exchange
information with each other.", "we'll embed that in electronic format 
in the aircraft.  The (airplane mechanics) can access it immediately."
     To enlist the help of industry, Hartel said the program will
soon schedule an industrial symposium.  It will bring contractors
together to explain the problems and enlist the help of those
people who can work and be part of the solution.  "We've searched
for a single, overarching architecture to make sense of the more
than 300 architectures out there," he said.  "Not one of them will
do the job."
     To correct problems in the near term, the services will not
change their current directions.  Where information transfer is
required, translators will be built according to joint standards to
make them work together.  In the midterm, officials will focus on
interoperability in designing all new systems and modernization of
old ones.
     Hartel noted this is a "top-down" joint effort.
     Officials formed an Architecture and Integration Council to
hammer out details of the system.  The council consists of officers
from each service and most defense agencies.  At its first meeting
this spring, the council discussed the common operating
environment, air operations and targeting.  It will continue
deliberations.
     According to Hartel, Powell and Defense Secretary Dick Cheney
are committed to putting enforcement mechanisms in place to
strengthen the process.  A rewrite of DoD Directive 4630.5,
"Compatibility and Interoperability of Command, Control,
Communications and Intelligence," is on the drawing boards as is a
chairman's memorandum of policy.


Do You Know

What two allied commands was the Pacific theater of operations
divided into during World War II?
Southwest Pacific Area, Pacific Ocean Area

Who commanded the two World War II allied Pacific commands?
Gen. Douglas MacArthur, Southwest Pacific Area; ADM Chester Nimitz,
Pacific Ocean Area

What were World War II British fighter squadrons made up of
American pilots called?
Eagle Squadrons

When did the Royal Air Force's three Eagle Squadrons transfer to
the U.S. Army Air Force?
September 1942


Worth Repeating

"No country can act wisely simultaneously in every part of the
globe at every moment of time."
Henry Kissinger,
U.S. secretary of state

A nation does not have to be cruel to be tough."
--Franklin D. Roosevelt,
U.S. president

"The supreme excellence is not to win a hundred victories in a
hundred battles.  The supreme excellence is to subdue the armies of
your enemies without even having to fight them."
--Sun-tzu,
Chinese writer
(4th century BC)

"If there must be trouble, let it be in my day, that my child may
have peace."
--Thomas Paine,
U.S. writer

"Ours is a world of nuclear giants and ethical infants.  We know
more about war than we know about peace, more about killing than we
know about living."
--Gen. Omar Bradley,
U.S. Army

"Courage is fear holding on a minute longer."
--Gen. George S. Patton,
U.S. Army


On This Date

October 3

East and West Germany reunified, 1990.

October 5

Continental Congress uses the word "Marines" for the first time,
1775.

October 6

Naval War College established, Newport, R.I., 1884.

October 10

U.S. Navy School (later, U.S. Naval Academy) established,
Annapolis, Md., 1845.

October 11

Navy cruisers and destroyers defeat Japanese task force during
night encounter in Battle of Cape Esperance, part of Solomons-New
Guinea Campaign, 1942.

October 13

Navy birthday, 1775

October 14

Air Force Capt. Charles E. Yeager becomes first person to fly
faster than speed of sound in a rocket-powered research plane,
1947.

October 17

British forces under Gen. John Burgoyne surrender to American
troops under Maj. Gen. Horatio Gates at Saratoga, N.Y., a turning
point in Revolutionary War, 1777.

October 18

First jet-propelled aircraft to fly in United States, P-59A
Airacomet, makes maiden flight, 1942.

October 19

Revolutionary War ends with British surrender at Yorktown, 1781.

October 22

Cuban missile crisis begins, 1962.

October 23

In a suicidal terrorist attack, a truck loaded with explosives is
driven into a U.S. Marines headquarters in Beirut, Lebanon, and
detonated, killing 240 U.S. personnel, 1983.

October 25

U.S. military invasion of Grenada begins, 1983.

October 26

U.S. and Japanese warships clash at Santa Cruz during continuing
battle for Guadalcanal; aircraft carrier USS Hornet crippled and
abandoned, U.S. destroyers sink it, 1942.

October 29

First steam warship, USS Fulton, launched, 1814.

October 30

Continental Congress resolves that rank titles of Marine officers
be the same as those of Army officers, 1776.

-- 
         
      // \\
    //     \\                    Air Force News Agency 
   |         |               Kelly Air Force Base, Texas, USA
   \\  {*}  //                   bergman@afpan.pa.af.mil  
   \  CMSgt  /      ___________________ /____________________________________
   \  Mike   /   
   \ Bergman /
     \     / 



Newsgroups: sci.military