HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: hclase@morgan.ucs.mun.ca (Howard Clase)
Subject: Re: Nickel-Cadmium Chemistry
Organization: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Date: Tue, 15 Sep 1992 15:37:29 GMT

In article <1992Sep14.211606.23878@jato.jpl.nasa.gov> ptimmerm@kathy.jpl.nasa.gov (Paul Timmerman) writes:
>	Howard Clase states:	The reactions in a NiCad are:
>
>>2Ni(OH)3(s) + 2e-     =  2Ni(OH)2(s) + 2(OH)-(aq)
>>Cd(s) + 2(OH)-        =  Cd(OH)2(s) + 2e-
>>--------------------------------------------------
>>2Ni(OH)3(s) + Cd(s)   =  2Ni(OH)2(s) + Cd(OH)2(s)
>
>Which ws modified by Antoni S. Gozdz:
>
>>>Just a few additions/corrections on the chemistry and
>>>failure mechanism of NiCd batteries:
>>>
>>>1. modern NiCd batteries use nickel oxyhydride NiO(OH) for
>                                     ^^^^^^^^^^
>>self-correction: of course, it should be oxyhydroxide
>
>>>
>>2 NiO(OH) + 2 Cd + 2 H2) <====> 2 Ni(OH)2 + 2 Cd(OH)2

	This is surely just a mistyping ) for O.

>>
>	Well were finally strting to get close. However there is not,
>under normal conditions hydrogen present in the cell.  Thermodynamics 
>prevents this.  If you balance the equation with water and OH- you will get
>the overall reaction.  It also helps to know how many electrons are involved in
>each reaction (1 for the positive and 2 for the negative).
>
>2 ( NiOOH  + H20 + e-  =  Ni(OH)2 +  OH-)
>       Cd(s) + 2(OH)-  =  Cd(OH)2(s) + 2e-
>--------------------------------------------------
>   2NiOOH + Cd + 2H20  =  2Ni(OH)2 + Cd(OH)2
>
	This is the same as my original version, except that the Ni(III)
compound has been differently formulated.  In the presence of water who can
tell what it actually is?   It's just nit picking to claim that Ni(OH)3 is
different from NiO(OH)!   You need the brackets here to distinguish it from a
Ni(I) peroxy derivative.   (I can pick them too!)

	Howard Clase
From: psdg0941@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (Priyadarshi S Desai)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Re: HELP : Slurries
Date: 7 Sep 92 18:42:16 GMT
Distribution: sci.chem
Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana

mara@vuw.ac.nz (Mara) writes:



>Hello. I am a chemistry undergraduate student doing work in my study break   
>involving preparation of slurries from raw sources and then investigation of 
>the drying of these.  
>	As you might guess, preliminary determination of the % solids in each
>slurry is carried out by oven drying weighed samples and calculating
>appropriate differences.  Easy enough.
>	My problem is, although the calculated % solids in the slurries
>are agreeing (to within 0.4% of the total), when I tried to make up further 
>stock slurry with all the dried material left over from the determinations and
>the corresponding, calculated amount of water, the resulting mixture was of
>a completely diffferent consistency (thicker, if that is relevant).

>	My calculations are all in order, and the double-check drying I set
>up yesterday indicates that my initial % solids was correct.

>	What can have happened? Even if the solid matter _was_ changed in 
>the process of oven drying, it is the same state that I am working from
>in each case.

>	Miraculous suggestions and answers gratefully received :)

>Amy Gale
>mara@kauri.vuw.ac.nz

>
Many slurries stay in suspension because of the existence of what is called zeta
 potential.
Zeta potential depends on the charge at the surface of the particles as well as
the charge in the solution.  
To give an example, in the traditional ceramic industry, when clay does not 
form a slips/slurries of desired consistency, the most simple solution is 
to add a salt such as sodium silicate.  Depending on the concentration, the 
viscosity can change to a great extent. 
Coming to your problem, it is probable that charges in the solution and those onthe surface of your solid partilces may interact while drying. The best way to 
reduce the viscosity of your slurries once again is to add some salt to the 
solution and alter the zeta potential

Priyadarshi.
psdg0941@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu
From: ralf@ark.abg.sub.org (Ralf Stephan)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Re: Isomers Heuristic?
Date: 09 Sep 92 10:22
Organization: Magick Shoppe, Gurth City

chrism@col.hp.com (Chris Magnuson) writes:
> Has anyone come up with a heuristic that would give the count of the number
> of isomers possible for a given molecular formula?  I'm thinking that if
> you are given a molecular formula of C3 H8 O you would somehow be able to
> tell that there are 3 isomers (without drawing them).
> Has this problem been solved?

I'm no expert, but I think no heuristics can yield the exact number.
You need a program that knows about graph theory, and that produces all
possible structures with the material.  Possible rings complicate the problem.
(Given C3H6O, would you think of cyclopropanol?)

I know it has been done with a computer.  No sources, sorry.

--ralf

PS: What about:

      O\
      | >-CH3
      |/
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: jspinnow@netcom.com (John Stewart Pinnow)
Subject: Where is the sci.chem faq?
Date: Tue, 08 Sep 92 22:15:09 GMT
Organization: Tmoh Research, Milwaukee, WI


What ftp site has the sci.chem faq?

-- 
Tmoh Research       | Net : jspinnow@csd4.csd.uwm.edu| Usmail: Ask
John S. Pinnow      |       jspinnow@netcom.com      | AT&T  : (414) 761-1537
Milwaukee, WI 53221 |        jpinnow@world.std.com   | The opinions I express
                    |       alumn123@whscdp.whs.edu  | are mine........
From: chaas@coe.drexel.edu (Chuck Haas)
Newsgroups: sci.chem,sci.med,sci.engr.chem,sci.engr.civil
Subject: Re: NRDC Criticizes Domenici Plan to Gut Drinking Water
     Protections
Date: 9 Sep 92 12:41:41 GMT
Organization: Drexel University
X-Useragent: Nuntius v1.1b2

The previous articles have seemed to imply that Alberqueque is going to
spend $250 million to update its treatment processes SOLELY TO COMPLY
with particular standards.

As an environmental engineering professor, very familiar with the issue,
I seriously doubt that most of this money is attributable to changes in
drinking water standards.  It suggests to me that the Alberqueque
drinking water treatment plant was overloaded and/or badly in need of
upgrading anyway.  Given this situation, the MARGINAL COSTS of complying
with additional standards would be relatively small.

I would hope that someone more familiar with the details on the ground
with respect to this matter can clarify.

CN Haas
Betz Professor of Environmental Engineering
Drexel University
Philadelphia
<solely my own opinion>
Newsgroups: sci.chem,rec.autos.tech,misc.consumers,sci.environment,talk.environment,rec.autos
From: knapp@spot.Colorado.EDU (David Knapp)
Subject: Re: Carburetors, gasoline, and why I don't recycle
Organization: University of Colorado, Boulder
Distribution: na
Date: Sun, 6 Sep 1992 06:01:28 GMT

In article <EeeAOZW00VpDA6R5hc@andrew.cmu.edu> em21+@andrew.cmu.edu (Eric Edward Moore) writes:
>rickert@cco.caltech.edu (Keith Warren Rickert) writes:
>> This was i believe the point of the original post.....that there is a large
>> amount of energy usage that is going to be very hard to estimate, 
>> especially for someone just sitting at home with their physics books or
>> whatever. 
>
>OK, someone take a car, go out on a flat road, accelerate to some
>fixed speed, and turn off the engine, dropping a can of paint out the
>window.  measure the distance between where the car stops and the
>paint splash.
>
>v^2 = 2as
>
>k = 1/2 mv^2
>
>dk/ds = ma
>
>dk/ds = mv^2/2s
>
>the last is the loss in kinetic energy per unit distance.
>
>	-Love, Kisses, and a Neutron Bomb
>		-Eric the Finn




But you've given something that will yield a sum of all losses not just the
friction internal to the cars mechanisms. I had thought that was the original
point.


And what is your cars drag coefficient? Are you driving at altitude then?
Muggy weather? Hot or cold day? Yes, all these things affect air drag which
is the most significant resistive loss to any car.

-- 
David Knapp                                      University of Colorado, Boulder
Perpetual Student                                   knapp@spot.colorado.edu
Newsgroups: sci.chem,sci.energy
From: nanook@eskimo.celestial.com (Robert Dinse)
Subject: Re: Can a 'dead' nicad be recharged?
Summary: NiCad's
Organization: -> ESKIMO NORTH (206) For-Ever <-
Date: Fri, 11 Sep 1992 00:50:16 GMT

In article <1992Sep9.130150.27801@porthos.cc.bellcore.com>, kt1@hera.uucp (22222-tellefsen) writes:
> I strongly suggest not "shocking" NiCad batteries with a high voltage,
> there is a possibility the battery may explode.  NiCads contain alkaline
> electrolyte and cadmium, a very toxic metal. One may lose a lot if an injury
> occurs during this procedure. (Funny, that a remaining eye is mentioned in
> Mr. Scripter's sig.) If you can't revive Nicads
> through the slow discharge method, throw them away or put them in the 
> recycle bin.


     BOGUS..  Only thing I can figure is you're in the NiCad sales business...

     A fairly effective method (at least it's been effective for me), is to go
get one of those big power supply filters you see for computer power supplies,
the 100,000mfd at 6v type, charge it with a 5v supply, and discharge it through
the shorted NiCad.  Has worked for me every time, I've done it to dozens and
never had one explode or even get warm.

     What you want is an high instantaneous pulse that will clear the short
without supplying enough energy to heat the entire battery and this method 
works quite well.  About the only danger present is that you might open the
foil in the capacitor and ruin it, but so far this has worked good for me.

Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: aankrom@nyx.cs.du.edu (Anthony Ankrom)
Subject: Re: Organics on Dionex AS-4A Column
X-Disclaimer: Nyx is a public access Unix system run by the University
	of Denver for the Denver community.  The University has neither
	control over nor responsibility for the opinions of users.
Keywords: HPLC 
Organization: Nyx, Public Access Unix at U. of Denver Math/CS dept.
Date: Wed, 9 Sep 92 04:00:32 GMT

In article <1992Sep9.020337.2839@news.Hawaii.Edu> keni@uhunix.uhcc.Hawaii
Edu (Ken Ikeda) writes:
>I was just wondering if anyone had any methods for detecting organics
>on a dionex hplc. We're currently running a dionex ion-pac AS4A column
>with a anion micro-membrane suppressor to do anion work, but we'd like
>to look for organics and can't find any methods in our library. We tried
>contacting dionex but no luck. We had heard that it was possible to
>find organics on the AS4A column but we haven't been able to find out
>what eluants to use. By the way, we are using a conductivity detector.
>
>If anyone has any info that may be of some help please e-mail me at
>	keni@uhunix.uhcc.hawaii.edu
>or post if you can't mail, I check both daily...
>
>Thanks in advance...
>
>Ken Ikeda
>Physical Sciences Technician
>University of Hawaii at Hilo
>


 There are lots of good books about liquid chromatography around. Check a
library. I don't think a conductivity detector will do you much good. Most
eluants are organic solvents (preferably high purity). There are several
types of detectors that can be used. I'm not really up on chromatography,
but I think for organics, some kind of optical detector is used (i.e. IR,
fluorescense...)

St. Anthony

--
 If mail barfs, send it to the ip #: aankrom@130.253.192.68   

                       dAdaMatriX
      I've lost my memories to all my fears...
Xref: sparky sci.chem:3440 sci.med:16987 sci.engr.chem:471 sci.engr.civil:436
From: geb@dsl.pitt.edu (gordon e. banks)
Newsgroups: sci.chem,sci.med,sci.engr.chem,sci.engr.civil
Subject: Re: NRDC Criticizes Domenici Plan to Gut Drinking Water Protections
Date: 8 Sep 92 21:47:22 GMT
Followup-To: sci.chem
Organization: Decision Systems Laboratory, Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA.

In article <1992Sep5.013309.8282@doug.cae.wisc.edu> kasab@luther.che.wisc.edu (John J. Kasab) writes:
>
>>First, should Albuquerque spend $250 million to eliminate, say, less 
>>than two excess cancer deaths per year?  
>
>You are rather naively assuming that because Albuquerque doesn't spend $250 M
>on water cleanup that it wouldn't ordinarily have to spend that it would
>spend it "more wisely" on, say, preventative medicine.  More likely, it will
>go to fund police departments, or get kicked back to taxpayers (or other
>people, depending on how clean your government is :), or whatever.
>
I don't think he was assuming that at all.  What he said was,
these communities don't have that kind of money.  Congress or
the executive branch has developed this nasty tendancy to pass
laws and regulations telling these municipalities what they have
to do but not giving them any means to do it.  That way, those
who make the decisions do not have to accept the political consequences
for carrying them out.  It is similar to what parliament did to
the American colonies that provoked the revolution, and it would
be only just if there was a similar rebellion against Washington
for doing so now.

-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gordon Banks  N3JXP      | "Skepticism is the chastity of the intellect, and
geb@cadre.dsl.pitt.edu   |  it is shameful to surrender it too soon." 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: tony2@prefect.uucp (21131-gozdz)
Subject: Re: Research Products International (address wanted)
Organization: Bellcore, Livingston, NJ
Date: Fri, 11 Sep 92 12:02:30 GMT

In article <agpbrs.8@pnv.dsir.govt.nz> news@massey.ac.nz (USENET News System) writes:
>
>I am trying to contact an american company called RPI (as above) which was 
>thought to be based in chicago. The international directory system however 
>turns up nothing  ... does anyone know of them ? where are they ??
>
>	thanks
>
>		Bruce Sinclair
>

There is no such company listed in the 1990 Ed. of Chem Sources USA.

Tony
-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-
Antoni S. Gozdz                tel  (908) 758-2931  |  Bellcore  NVC 3X-261
tony2@prefect.cc.bellcore.com  FAX  (908) 741-2891  |  Red Bank, NJ 07701, USA
                           no .sig, strictly business
Newsgroups: sci.chem,sci.med,sci.engr.chem,sci.engr.civil
From: bhjelle@carina.unm.edu ()
Subject: Re: NRDC Criticizes Domenici Plan to Gut Drinking Water Protections
Date: Tue, 08 Sep 92 14:20:11 GMT
Organization: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque

In article <1992Sep5.013309.8282@doug.cae.wisc.edu> kasab@luther.che.wisc.edu (John J. Kasab)  writes:
>>
>>First, should Albuquerque spend $250 million to eliminate, say, less 
>>than two excess cancer deaths per year?  
>
>You are rather naively assuming that because Albuquerque doesn't spend $250 M
>on water cleanup that it wouldn't ordinarily have to spend that it would
>spend it "more wisely" on, say, preventative medicine.  More likely, it will
>go to fund police departments, or get kicked back to taxpayers (or other
>people, depending on how clean your government is :), or whatever.
>
Sorry, I can't subscribe to this cynical philosophy. $250 M for a town
of 500K is a horrendous burden, one that must be thoroughly justified
with respect to the threat to the public health. This hasn't
happened. Furthermore, smaller communities, lacking economy of
scale, are facing a far higher proportional burden than this,
and with far lower tax base.

I would like to see public health expenditures determined as
a function of actual risk. There are plenty of real risks out
there, including many that are better quantified and understood
than draconian monitoring requirements for groundwater
contaminants.

Brian
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Commercial Isotope Suppliers
From: news@massey.ac.nz (USENET News System)
Date: Thu, 10 Sep 92 23:42:20 GMT
Organization: DSIR, Palmerston North, New Zealand

	We are trying to buy labelled methionine and would like 14C (or 3H) 
labelled.We don't want the methyl-S or COOH labelled and have come up 
against a wall.

Are there any suppliers (other than NEN and Amersham ) of radioactive 
isotopes out there that can do this ??? PLEASE send me mail at ...

	AGPBRS@PNV.PALM.CRI.NZ		(Internet)

if you are such a company or know of one.
	Many Thanks

		Bruce Sinclair
		
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: tony2@prefect.uucp (21131-gozdz)
Subject: Re: Commercial Isotope Suppliers
Organization: Bellcore, Livingston, NJ
Date: Fri, 11 Sep 92 11:57:35 GMT

In article <agpbrs.7@pnv.dsir.govt.nz> news@massey.ac.nz (USENET News System) writes:
>	We are trying to buy labelled methionine and would like 14C (or 3H) 
>labelled.We don't want the methyl-S or COOH labelled and have come up 
>against a wall.
>
>Are there any suppliers (other than NEN and Amersham ) of radioactive 
>isotopes out there that can do this ??? PLEASE send me mail at ...
>
>	AGPBRS@PNV.PALM.CRI.NZ		(Internet)
>
>if you are such a company or know of one.
>	Many Thanks
>
>		Bruce Sinclair
>		

Try MSD (Merck, Sharp & Dohme (sp?)) Isotopes somewhere
in Ontario, CA, I believe. They did a nice custom
synthesis once for me.

Tony
-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-
Antoni S. Gozdz                tel  (908) 758-2931  |  Bellcore  NVC 3X-261
tony2@prefect.cc.bellcore.com  FAX  (908) 741-2891  |  Red Bank, NJ 07701, USA
                           no .sig, strictly business
From: marek@mel.dit.csiro.au (Marek T. Michalewicz)
Subject: Hg-Cd, Hg-Te clusters
Keywords: Hg-Te 
Organization: CSIRO DIT (Melb.)
Date: Mon, 14 Sep 92 02:02:13 GMT


Have anyone of the netters solved Hg-Hg, Hg-Cd, Cd-Te, etc. small molecules 
using UniChem or Gaussian92? 
(Two to ten atoms in different combinations.)
Perhaps someone would be able to give me some 
literature hints on this topic.

Could you respond directly, since I usually do not read this newsgroup.

Thanks,

Marek


--
*  Dr Marek T. Michalewicz                                                    *
*  Supercomputing Support Group, Division of Information Technology, CSIRO    *
*  723 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia                     *
*  *tel: +61 3 282 2621 *Fax: +61 3 282 2600  *e-mail: marek@mel.dit.csiro.au *
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: lachlan@dmp.csiro.au (Lachlan Cranswick)
Subject: Re: HELP : Slurries
Organization: CSIRO Division of Mineral Products, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
Date: Fri, 11 Sep 1992 17:08:25 GMT

whitbeck@equinox.unr.edu (Michael Whitbeck) writes:


> The originator (mara?) wrote that in drying a solid, making a
> slurry, redrying and remaking the slurry (did I get that
> right?) the consistency changed despite careful measurement.
> Mara wants to know how/why this is.

> To give a specific answer I would need to know as a minimum the
> drying temperatures (common ones are 50C, 105C, and 180C) and
> the material. But in general the cause is most likely a change
> in the structure of the solids on drying. This alteration may
> occur at two levels:
>	1. at the molecular level- sealing pore openings,
>	collapsing cages- some clays undergo such permanent
>	changes even as low as 50-65C on prolonged heating.
>	2. at the bulk level- very common to alter the state of
>	dispersion. as the slurry dries aggregates may form
>	which are much larger than the original particle size
>	(which you do not necessarily get back on addition of
>	water). (1) can also affect (2) as well.

>If you want to get the same consistency back consider adding a
>grinding/sizing step in the process. You might also consider
>adding agents to help redisperse the particles in the slurry.

>Hope this helps.
>Mike

Have you tried using powder X-ray diffraction
on these samples to see changes in crystal structures.

You can also get an XRD pattern on the slurry if
you have an appropriate sample holder.  Getting 
XRD data would help to take the guess work out
of this problem.  Also, Powder XRD can also determine
crystallite size by looking at peak widths.

(You've probably guessed I have two Powder XRD's in my
lab to play with.  With another bloke on site,
we've just run samples on slurries with XRD and
have got interesting results.  With his samples, the trick seems
to be to make the slurry up fresh before running
the sample.  We use 6 micron Mylar film to keep the slurry
in the sample holder.)

-- 
  Lachlan Cranswick  -  CSIRO             _--_|\  lachlan@dmp.CSIRO.AU
  Division of Mineral Products           /      \     +61 3 647 0367
  PO Box 124, Port Melbourne 3207        \_.--._/ 
  AUSTRALIA                                    v 
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Organ Transplants and Cryonics 
Distribution: world
Organization: Perhaps
Date: Mon, 14 Sep 1992 16:06:49 +0000


In article <1992Sep8.234143.21974@cbnewsl.cb.att.com> kqb@cbnewsl.cb.att.com writes:

>harvesters.  Once that is accomplished, it would be easy for the
>organ harvesters to "accidentally lose" the medic-alert bracelet and all
>identification (including the wallet card) for any cryonic suspension
>organization member who was terminally injured in a car accident.
>Good-bye cryonicist!
>
>This scenario probably is wildly unrealistic, so I hope somebody
>just tells me that it's silly and then makes a few million dollars
>turning it into a plot for a Grade B movie.
>
>                              Kevin Q. Brown

Not at all. There is increasing pressure here for donor cards to be 
'reversed', ie. if you don't carry a 'I'm *not* a kidney donor' card 
they can get at your organs. As most transplants here are carried out 
by the NHS, and the waiting lists for transplants cause regular bad 
publicity for the government, they are keen to stop organs going to 
'waste'.

This is a country where the selling of jam at village fete's has just 
become a criminal act, so *anything* is possible.

Bob Grahame, Streatham, London. LAN Consultant
Voice :- +(44)71 406 7795

Xref: sparky sci.cryonics:554 news.answers:2862