HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: friedenb@pine.egr.msu.edu (Gedaliah Friedenberg)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: Soft link
Date: 26 Jan 93 19:27:43 GMT
Reply-To: friedenb@pine.egr.msu.edu (Gedaliah Friedenberg)
Organization: College of Engineering, Michigan State University
NNTP-Posting-Host: 35.8.14.27


I have a program which requires me to make a 
soft link of ~/.plan to /tmp/.plan

I have looked in manuals, but with no success.
I know about hard links (ln -s), but I have
never heard of soft links until this program.

If someone could let me know how to do this,
I would greatly appreciate it.

Gedaliah Friedenberg
-=-Department of Mechanical Engineering
-=-Department of Metallurgy, Mechanics and Materials Science
-=-Michigan State University


                   
Xref: sparky comp.unix.questions:15785 comp.unix.shell:5442 news.answers:5353
From: tasos@cs.bu.edu (Anastasios Kotsikonas)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.internals
Subject: sockets and prob. writing to stdout
Date: 26 Jan 93 23:01:06 GMT
Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
Organization: Computer Science Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
Originator: tasos@cs


Hi,
I have written my own server/client protocol and basically each server
response to a client request tells the client how many bytes the server
is sending over, so the client can count and verify that it received everyting.

The client then writes out to stdout all bytes received. The problem is that
with some terminal settings (like when over a modem line, or when running
xterm rsh'ed to another host in the background) parts of the text are
missing. If output is redirected to a file, the file is complete.

Has anyone seen this before? Any suggestions to the cause? Solutions? 
Should the client do an fflush() after each write() to stdout? Is there
any ioctl() call that will "sunchronize" the tty (whatever that means)?

Mind you that I can use telnet instead of the client and that works ok,
so I am wondering what telnet does.

Any information will be greatly appreciated.

Tasos
From: harley@engrhub.ucsb.edu (Harley Hahn,,,HAHN,personal)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: Re: stripping ^M's
Keywords: stripping,carriage returns
Date: 22 Jan 93 04:17:57 GMT

In article <C14GKu.18n@acsu.buffalo.edu> lusardi@acsu.buffalo.edu (Christopher Lusardi) writes:
>Sorry, line (3) should have a "q" for multiple control-M's per line:
>
>1)One way is to use: 	vi your-file
>2)type:       shift-key and a semi-colon (eg :)
>3)type:       %s/control-key with a v then type control-key with a m/q
>4)type:       shift-key and :
>5)type:       wq!
>
>Note: the two slashs in (3) are required.

Actually, I think you mean to use "g" (global)
at the end of the %s command, not "q".

However, the solution is still not completely correct.

Use this:

:%s/

(When you enter it, type a ^V (Ctrl-V) before the each (Ctrl-M).)

You are replacing all occurrences of two ^M's at the end
of a line, with nothing:

:     --> the following is an ex command
%     --> carry out operation over all lines in the editing buffer
s     --> substitute
/     --> beginning of pattern to be replaced
^M^M  --> two ^M's
$     --> at the end of a file
/     --> beginning of replacement text
/     --> end of replacement text

Note that you do not need to add "g" to the end of the command.
A suffix of "g" is best used when the pattern to be replaced
will occur in more than one place in the line.
When you know where the pattern will be (in this case,
at the end of the line) it is best to
specify the location exactly (in this case with a "$").

If you need to delete 2 ^M's at the end of each line of
a file many times, there are ways to make it easy
so you don't have to type in the ex command each time,
but I won't go into them here.

-- Harley Hahn

(Actually, I have a wonderful proof that this
task can be carried out by a one-line Perl
program that emulates a Turing machine but,
unfortunately, there is not enough room in the margin
for me to elaborate... :-)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: reddyp@ucunix.san.uc.edu (Pardhasaradhi A. Reddy)
Subject: Re: how do I extract rzsz9202.tar-z?
Keywords: tar
Organization: University of Cincinnati
Distribution: na
Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1993 20:46:28 GMT

In article <93Jan17.180508.25956@acs.ucalgary.ca> grady@acs.ucalgary.ca (A. Brian Grady) writes:
>I got the file rzsz9202.tar-z from the SIMTEL archives, but when 
>I run "tar -xf filename" it seems to find the wrong # of bytes in
>the file.  What do I need to do?
>I know next to nothing about unix, so I appreciate your help.


	I am not sure if your file is in compressed format. If it is, you
	have to uncompress it with the uncompress command. Then, try 
	"tar -tf filename" to list the contents. If, it lists all the files
	properly, then the chances that your file transfer worked properly
	are high. I had a similar problem, i had to ftp the file again from
	the archive. (did you transfer the file in binary mode ??. if you 
	did not, you might want to do that).

	hope that solves the problem :-)

	Pardha.

-- 
 Disclaimer : Views expressed by me are purely mine and have nothing to
 do with those of my employer's or any Organization. Reader's discretion
 is strongly advised.
From: jstacey@fdc.com (John Stacey)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: Subscribe
Date: 21 Jan 93 07:11:25 GMT


 Could I please join your mailing list....
John Stacey
jstacey@fdc.com
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: amol@ms.uky.edu (Amol Deshpande)
Subject: 4.3BSD IPC tutorial ?
Summary: need an online version
Keywords: 4.3BSD IPC
Organization: University Of Kentucky, Dept. of Math Sciences
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1993 18:48:11 GMT

Hi,

I need a PS/Tex version of the 4.3BSD IPC tutorial. Does anyone know where to find one ? I have the 4.2BSD one, and would like to know if  there is a great difference between the two.

thanks

amol 

amol@ms.uky.edu
-- 
     ---------------------------------------------------------------------
    | "By trying, we can easily learn to endure adversity - another man's,|
    | I mean. "		-- Mark Twain				          |
     --------------------------------------------------------------------
From: partl@hp01.boku.ac.at (Hubert Partl)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: vi tutorial
Date: 21 Jan 93 12:14:15 GMT

I received and installed and used the VI TUTORIAL by Bob Ware (Colorado
School of Mines). I like it very much and I strongly recommend to install
it on every Unix system. It helps users to learn all essential functions
of vi within less than half an hour and very easily. The (small) shar file
can be ftp'ed from  ftp.mines.colorado.edu  - give it a try!
--
Dr. Hubert Partl                              Mail:  partl@mail.boku.ac.at
EDV-Zentrum, Universitaet fuer Bodenkultur 
Nussdorfer Laende 11                      
A-1190 Wien, Austria                     
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: pierre@lectra.fr (Pierre Ficheux)
Subject: SCCS get
Organization: Lectra Systemes, Cestas, France
Date: Tue, 26 Jan 1993 10:35:44 GMT

	Hi,

	I would like to change the version of an SCCS file (1.x ==> 2.x). I have
tried :

		get -e -r2.1 s.b.c

	but i doesn't seem to work :

		ERROR [s.b.c]: nonexistent sid (ge5)

	
	Any idea ?

-- 
 ._______________________________.__________________________. 
+-------------------------------'--------------------------'|
| Pierre FICHEUX                | tel   : +33 56 68 80 00  ||
| Lectra Systemes               | fax   : +33 56 78 88 31  ||
| ZI Marticot 33610 CESTAS      | E-mail: pierre@lectra.fr ||          
| FRANCE                        |     			   ||	
`-------------------------------^--------------------------'
Comment ? (Beethoven)
Xref: sparky comp.unix.questions:15786 comp.unix.shell:5443 news.answers:5354
From: ryant@parrot.WPI.EDU (Ryoid)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: Env variables from within a script...
Date: 28 Jan 93 19:22:15 GMT
Organization: Worcester Polytechnic Institute
NNTP-Posting-Host: parrot.wpi.edu

I am writing a seemingly simple shell script, but I am running into many
obsatcles along the way.  I need to pass two environment variables from
within a script to the calling, or parent, process.  Everytime I just pass
the variable, it never gets changed in the original parent shell.  I know
that I can source a file that passes the variables and then just alias the
command, but that will not work in this application.  I have to pass them
from directly within the 'child' shell.

In the FAQ, it states that you can tell the parent shell to be prepared to
accept environment variables and then when you pass them, they will become
permanent, but it never states HOW to do it!

If anyone can help me with this problem, please post or write email to the
address listed below!

Thanks in advance...

ryant@wpi.wpi.edu
-- 

Gweeping on forever and ever,

***  Ryoid =)  ***
From: ianm@icsbelf.co.uk (Ian Moran)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: troff-MSWORD/QUARK
Date: 28 Jan 93 09:54:16 GMT
Organization: ICS Computing Group Ltd, Belfast
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.1 PL8]

We would like to convert troff documents into something Microsoft Word
or indeed any similar DOS package can understand retaining fonts/layout etc. 
Has anyone attempted this with success ?

 Ian

--

Ian Moran                    Internet:  ianm@icsbelf.co.uk
ICS Computing Group Ltd.                imoran@cix.compulink.co.uk
Belfast                      UUCP:      ...{uknet,uunet,mcsun}!icsbelf!ianm 
N. Ireland.                  Fidonet:   2:252/309.6
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: aaron@atlantis.uucp
Subject: Re: Getting the nth line of a file
Organization: Atlantis Communications, Edmonton, AB, Canada
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.1 PL8]
Date: Tue, 26 Jan 1993 15:11:33 GMT

I wrote:
: Is there an easy, elegant, and quick way to get the Nth line of a file in
: UNIX?  Or, failing that, in C?

: Currently I use the simple, but somewhat slow:

: head -n | tail -1

I received several email replies, which I will summarize here.


rouben@math9.math.umbc.edu (Rouben Rostamian)

> To list the sixth line of a file, use:

> awk '{NR==6 {print; exit}' filename


Unfortunately, I couldn't get this one to work.  But then, I'm not familiar
with awk.  Perhaps people who are familiar with it can correct the above.


Mark Borges <mdb@noaacrd.Colorado.EDU>

> I think the following may be faster and is equivalent:

> sed -n 'N p' file

> where -n supresses echoing the file to stdout, N is the Nth line you
> want, p means to print it, and file is the input file. I'm not sure if
> sed quits after printing the Nth line, which is really what you want
> for speed; the sed man page always confuses me.

> Hope this works fast enough.
> Mark

This one works just fine, and fast enough for my purposes.


Thayne Forbes <thayne@unislc.slc.unisys.com>

> Ack! Barf!
> Try this.

> 	FLINE=`sed -n "$COUNT p" <$FILTER`
> This is from my news filter program.  COUNT is the line number, and FILTER
> is the file I am reading.  This reads the one line and assignes it to
> FLINE.

> Remember, sed is your fiend!

Yes, I know that sed is my friend, and one day I'll have to get into it more
seriously.  The above also works.


ptsfa!dmturne@ns.PacBell.COM

> Try sed(1):

> 	sed -n Np

> where N is the desired line number.

> For example, the third line of /etc/group would be:

> 	sed -n 3p /etc/group

> Dave Turner	(510) 823-2001	{att,bellcore,sun,ames,decwrl}!pacbell!dmturne

This looks the most promising, being a direct statement with no quotes and no
redirection, which fits my definition of elegant.  (So sue me, I want it to
look nice as well as work.)


Chris Sherman <sherman@unx.sas.com>

> Maybe:

> sed -n '30 {p;}' < /etc/passwd

> Will show the 30th line in /etc/passwd.

This also works.

So it seems that sed is the way to go, and some combination of the line number
followed by p.  Since I'm calling this from a C program where I write to a
string and then send it to system(3), it's convenient to use Dave Turner's
method, though I imagine others might work better in scripts.  Thank you all
for your help.

-- 
---Alfvaen(Still looking for "October's Baby")
"Clocks don't bring tomorrow--knives don't bring good news."                       ---Bruce Cockburn
Current Album--Mike Oldfield:The Killing Fields Soundtrack
Current Read--Sean Russell:The Initiate Brother
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: cpshelle@logos.uwaterloo.ca (cameron shelley)
Subject: Re: Spell checker from inside vi
Organization: Evil Designs Inc.
Date: Wed, 27 Jan 1993 19:56:22 GMT

saunders@luther.che.wisc.edu (Brian E. Saunders) writes:
> In article <C1HD54.Iv@news.udel.edu> william@bach.udel.edu (Wild William) writes:
> >Is there a simple way to do spell checking on the current file from
> >inside vi?
> >
> >i tried {!}spell but strange codes show up and it doesn't show any
> >alternatives etc.
> 
> I can pipe the lines through spell by going to the command line and typing
> "1,$!spell", but unfortunately the output replaces all of your lines!  Does
> anybody know how to redirect the output to the bottom of the file you are
> currently working on?  This should be easy, but I don't know how to
> do it.

Since my newsreader uses ".article" for its followup buffer (for
example), I can just use ":!ispell .article", delete "1,G", and read the
corrected file by ":r .article".

</dev/cam
--
      Cameron Shelley        |"In the beginning, there was nothing.  Then
cpshelle@logos.uwaterloo.ca  | God said `Let there be light', and there
    Davis Centre Rm 3147     | was still nothing, but youse could see it."
 Phone (519) 885-1211 x3499  | --Dave Thomas, SCTV:_Sunrise Semester_
From: sysadmin@exnet.co.uk (System admin)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: SunOS 4.1 / 4.1.1 / 4.1.1U_1 /usr/etc/rpc.yppasswdd doesn't work.
Date: 21 Jan 93 20:18:08 GMT
Organization: ExNet Systems Ltd Public Access News, London, UK

PLEASE ***MAIL*** responses to sysadmin@exnet.co.uk.

We have a problem.

We run NIS on our public-access system.  (This in itself is not quite
the problem.  B^>)

We run a network of Sun 3s with 4.1.1 and 4.1.1U_1.

We can't get passwd to work correctly to change the NIS password (ie
setting a non-local password).

Tracing yppasswdd to see what's happening, with the 4.1.1U_1 version
the program opens the passwd file twice when the second time it should
have opened the adjunct file, so it thinks the quoted old password is
bad and refuses to store the new one.

Tracing the 4.1.1 version (and I've even tried the 4.1 version),
yppasswdd gets a SIGSEGV a little after creating the adjunct ptmp file,
so it doesn't get to create the new entry and subsequent attempts to
set passwords inform us that the password file is `busy' (the .ptmp
file is there albeit size zero).

Can we fix this?

Damon
From: williams@cs.umass.edu
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: Sun 'find' is missing '-maxdepth'!
Date: 26 Jan 93 17:54:59 GMT
Organization: COINS, UMass, Amherst

The find program on Sun OS does not contain the -maxdepth option.  How
can I get the effect of -maxdepth 1 in a directory containing
subdirectories?  I want find to -exec a command on all of the files in
the directory, but NOT on the files contained in the subdirectories.
If I use -prune, nothing is done since the file I'm specifying is a
directory.  I've tried various combinations of -prune, -depth, and
-type to no avail.

/dira/dirb/file1
	   file2
	   file3
	   file4
	   dirc/
		file5
		file6
		file7

'find /dira/dirb -print -maxdepth 1' does what I want - prints file1
thru file4, but not file5 thru file7.

How can I do the same thing on the current version of Sun OS on a
Sparc 2? 

Thanks for any help!!
Leo
From: mike@CIS.Prime.COM (Mike Causer)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: Re: Spell checker from inside vi
Date: 28 Jan 93 10:22:48 GMT
Reply-To: mike@CIS.Prime.COM
Organization: Computervision R&D Ltd

>In article <C1HD54.Iv@news.udel.edu> william@bach.udel.edu (Wild William) writes:
>>Is there a simple way to do spell checking on the current file from
>>inside vi?
>>
>>i tried {!}spell but strange codes show up and it doesn't show any
>>alternatives etc.

The following works for ispell, put it into your .exrc file and hit S in
command mode, it does the whole file however.  

map S :1,$w! /tmp/rcwspell^M:!ispell /tmp/rcwspell^M^M:1,$d^M:r /tmp/rcwspell^M

Mike  Causer                                                (mike@cis.prime.com)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: dattier@ddsw1.mcs.com (DWT)
Subject: Re: So what _is_ so good about vi?
Date: Thu, 21 Jan 1993 16:18:38 GMT
Organization: Contributor Account at ddsw1, Chicago, Illinois  60657

les@chinet.chi.il.us (Leslie Mikesell) wrote in <C14vC0.1AM@chinet.chi.il.us>:

| I recall seeing a joke about how a system administrator should assign
| a new user's default editor based on the length of his pinkies.

To repeat what I said when I first saw Les quote that: in Eugene Ionesco's
play "Jack, or the Submission," Roberta II (the one with three noses) pulls
off her gloves to reveal that she has nine fingers on her left hand.

She was _born_ to use emacs.

David W. Tamkin   Box 59297   Northtown Station, Illinois  60659-0297
dattier@ddsw1.mcs.com    CompuServe: 73720,1570    MCI Mail: 426-1818
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: rs@cmie.ernet.in (Rajappa Iyer)
Subject: Re: easy make question
Organization: Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy, Bombay
Date: Sun, 24 Jan 1993 11:02:04 GMT

jdell@nefertiti.mit.edu (John Ellithorpe) writes:

>On 22 Jan 93 13:21:42 CST, sct@crayfish.dsto.gov.au (Sean Troedson) said:

>> has anyone used the wild card "%" in make? According to the man page you
>> can use it in a target or dependency as in ...

>> all: %.o

>> file1.o:
>> file2.o:

>> but "make all" spits the dummy with "don't know how to make target `%.o'".

`%' is not really a "wild-card" in the shell sense--it cannot be
evaluated independently. From the manual: "... matches any string of
zero or more characters in a target name or dependency in the target
portion of a conditional macro definition, or within a pattern
replacement macro reference."

Perhaps the examples below will help clarify the same:

SRCS=filea.c fileb.c
OBJS=$(SRCS:%.c=%.o)

OBJS will now expand to "filea.o fileb.o"

Take another example:

% : RCS/%,v
	$(CO) $(COFLAGS) $<

Which says the any file, say, "filea.c" depends on "RCS/filea.c,v" and
the command to extract it is "$(CO) $(COFLAGS) RCS/filea.c,v" (of
course, with $(CO) and $(COFLAGS) replaced by their definitions.)
-- 
Rajappa Iyer			rs@cmie.ernet.in (Preferred)
				riyer@shakti.ncst.ernet.in
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: jhgreen@cs.sandia.gov (Jethro H. Greene)
Subject: Re: History in ksh?
Organization: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM
Date: Tue, 19 Jan 93 05:15:00 GMT

In article <1299@alsys1.aecom.yu.edu> manaster@yu1.yu.edu (Chaim Manaster) writes:
>
>The UNIX book I have only describes using history in the csh, but
>does't say a word about how to use (or set up) history in the ksh.
>Could anybody give me the basics that I can use until I get a hold
>of a book that does describe history in the ksh.
>
>Primarily, I need info on how to set it up (what to put in .kshrc
>or any other needed file to set up history) and how to pull up some
>previous command, modify it and reissue it.

Type

	set -o emacs
  or
	set -o vi

(regardless of your feelings about vi and emacs, emacs usually takes less
keystrokes when working with a history.)

Then, simply type emacs commands (^P, ^N, ^A, ^E, ^R, and ^K primarily).

I hope that this helps.

-- 
Jethro H. Greene
Massively Parallel Computing Research Laboratory,
Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico
From: jmd6@unix.brighton.ac.uk (Morgoth.)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: Performance Monitors
Date: 26 Jan 93 15:34:34 GMT
Organization: University of Brighton, UK

Performance Monitors

I'm A final year student on a BSc in Computer Graphics at Brighton Uni in
the UK. I am just about to start on my final year project which is to be 
locking into performance monitors. For this I intent to try to write a 
performance monitor and investigate other peoples and the issues involed
around performance monitoring.
So far my research has mainly considered the technical issues of writting
such an application, but I am now widerning this looking for articles on
performance  monitoring and information on performance monitoring products.


Primary I am intrested in the UNIX monitoring field, but my research must
also cover other operating systems. I'm not a complete novice on this subject
having written a basic performance monitor (in UNIX shell scripts) for ICL
DRS6000, which was being marcketed by IT Southern in the UK.

So can any one give me a few pointers as to articles and revies covering 
performance monitoring? 

What is a good introduction to the subject?

Electronic articles are welcome as they are less dificult for me to get hold of than some journels and books.

Jon Durrant
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: jpr@jpradley.jpr.com (Jean-Pierre Radley)
Subject: Re: Simple scripting questions
Date: Sat, 23 Jan 1993 20:32:38 GMT
Organization: Unix in NYC

In article <dremsen-220193161856@starmac5.mbl.edu> dremsen@mbl.edu (David Remsen) writes:
>I am trying to make a little shell script for a phone directory file.  I
>want
>to be able to ask the user for a string to search for and the field to
>search.
>The phone file is a comma delimited file so I want to use awk to
>search a particular field.
>
>I assign the search input to a variable called find.  The problem is that
>awk doesnt seem to be able to deal with this variable.
>
>awk -F: '$1 ~ /John/' phone.dat         - will work
>awk -F: '$1 ~ ${find}' phone.dat          - will not work
>
>Can someone tell me why.  Ive tried all different permutations.  

Using an external variable as part of a pattern to be matched in awk requires
tricky use of quotes. I use a ':'-delimited phonebook file, and retrieve lines
like this:

: << 411
get phone #s from /pub/lib/411 & $HOME/lib/411, containing colon-separated
entries in format:
	'lastname:firstname:telephone#:otherinfo'
usage: 411  [key1 [key2 [...]]]
examples: '411 mike' gives all MIKEs, '411 mike 201' gives only MIKEs in NJ,
'411 home rad' gives only home numbers (if so coded), for RADleys, but also for
any bRADs, homes on paRADe avenue, etc.
411

[ "$Tso" -a "$Tse" -a "$Tup" ] || {
	Tso=`tput smso` Tse=`tput rmso` Tup=`tput cuu1`; }
[ -f /pub/lib/411 ] && LIST="$LIST /pub/lib/411"
[ -f $HOME/lib/411 ] && LIST="$LIST $HOME/lib/411"
[ "$LIST" ] && echo "\t\tlooking in$LIST" ||
	{ echo "\t$Tso no telephone lists $Tse" && exit 1 ; }

while [ $1 ]
do
	KEY="${KEY+$KEY&&}/$1/"
	shift
done

mawk '
BEGIN	{ FS= ":" }
'$KEY'	{ if (!(FOUND%20))
	  printf "      "Tso"numero"Tse"\t       "Tso"first"Tse" "Tso"last"\
		Tse"\t\t\t\t"Tso"...und so weiter"Tse
	  if (length($4)+length($1)<51)
		printf "%80s"Tup"%12s %15s %s\n",$4,$3,$2,$1
	  else printf "%12s %15s %s\n%80s",$3,$2,$1" >","< "$4
	  FOUND++ }
END	{ if (!FOUND) print "\t"Tso" Sorry, unlisted number ... "Tse }
' Tso=$Tso Tse=$Tse Tup=$Tup $LIST
-- 
Jean-Pierre Radley   Unix in NYC   jpr@jpr.com   jpradley!jpr   CIS: 72160.1341
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: dremsen@mbl.edu (David Remsen)
Subject: Simple scripting questions
Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
Organization: Marine Biological Laboratory
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 93 21:25:13 GMT

I am trying to make a little shell script for a phone directory file.  I
want
to be able to ask the user for a string to search for and the field to
search.
The phone file is a comma delimited file so I want to use awk to
search a particular field.

I assign the search input to a variable called find.  The problem is that
awk doesnt seem to be able to deal with this variable.

awk -F: '$1 ~ /John/' phone.dat         - will work
awk -F: '$1 ~ ${find}' phone.dat          - will not work

Can someone tell me why.  Ive tried all different permutations.  

Much appreciated,

David Remsen
Marine Biological Laboratory
dremsen@mbl.edu