HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: benjamin@munch.mmwb.ucsf.edu (Dennis Benjamin)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Re: Problems with NICOLET spectrometer
Date: 23 Jul 92 15:48:43 GMT
Organization: UCSF Computer Graphics Lab

alsberg@math.uio.no (Bj|rn Alsberg) writes:


>Is the program FILTRN the same as kermit? Or is the FILTRN program
>only designed to transmit between different Nicolet computers, not
>between Nicolet and different computers?

No, FILTRN is not the same as kermit, and yes it only works to
transfer data between Nicolet computers. Kermit, however, is a
public domain program, and you should be able to get a copy for
both machines. GE bought Nicolet a while back, and they can
probably get you a copy of kermit for the Nicolet (They
sent me one last month). 1-800-GE-CARES is the US phone number.
I've never heard of the other machine, so I can't help you
out there.


	Dennis
From: SHERE@SLACVM.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Electrochemical sulfur passivation
Date: 24 Jul 92 19:33:47 GMT

I am presently trying to passivate the surface of GaAs wafers
anodically with an Ammonium Sulfide solution ( 22% (NH4)2S in
D.I. water).  The desire is to eliminate the surface oxide by
replacing it with a Sulfur layer to increase the photoluminescence.
The anodic process is reported to yield a better chemical bond
that does not degrade.  Unfourtunatly, the paper that I have as
a guide fails to mention a few details of this process; voltage,
solution concentration, cathode material, visual observations.
If anyone is familiar with this I would greatly appreciate your
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: dluznie@bingsuns.cc.binghamton.edu (dluznie)
Subject: Re: Teflon: question about heating.
Organization: State University of New York at Binghamton
Distribution: usa
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 1992 23:48:22 GMT

In article <1992Jul27.114233.15348@crd.ge.com> Ligon@macgw1.ge.com 
(Woody Ligon) writes in response to my posting:
>
>What we have here is a question of rates.  Of course, Teflon (R) decomposes
> more quickly at 400 C (or 600 as someone else suggested) but 
>the reaction also goes as low as 280 C albeit much more slowly.  
[...]
>I was reporting the temperature at which the reaction would proceed at a 
>noticable rate, not the temperature at which the reaction would be complete
>in a few seconds!

Yes, we are talking about the rates. You may be right that the decomposition 
would be fast enough at lower temperatures. I am not sure if the temperature of 
280 C will be sufficient for oxidation ie. formation of fluorophosgene. Anyway 
whatever decomposition products would be formed they could accumulate in food, 
especially in fat. Whether concentration would be harmful? Apparently not very. 
After all many people are using Teflon(R) coated pans. But does anybody know 
what are long term effects of doing so.

[...]
>
>I don't have a copy of the TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) of Teflon (R) 
>handy but I'd strongly suspect that even with a 20 C/min temperature ramp most 
>of the weight would be lost long before 400 C provided the experiment was
>done in air.
>
>Woody Ligon
[...]

I may be able to run a TGA analysis of a piece of teflon, maybe I'll even 
scratch it from old frying pan to be closer to real life. But not sooner than 
after Aug. 5. I will post the results if I find time to really do this.

Tomek Dluzniewski

Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: dluznie@bingsuns.cc.binghamton.edu (dluznie)
Subject: Re: Teflon: question about heating.
Organization: State University of New York at Binghamton
Distribution: usa
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 1992 20:24:02 GMT

In article <1992Jul24.120608.20235@crd.ge.com> Ligon@macgw1.ge.com (Woody Ligon) writes:
>
>> > I posted this article to sci.materials, and got one response suggesting
>> >that the gas Teflon *may* emit when heated too much is Phosgene.
>
>When heated above about 280 C in air (not vacuum), Teflon(R) decomposes to
>give (in part) fluorophosgene (carbonyl difluoride). Unlike dioxin, asbestos,
>PCBs and Alar, etc., etc., this really is a genuinely and very seriously toxic
> material. The term "toxic" has been so completely devalued that I think this
>kind of comparisons are necessary to provide perspective.  
>
[...]

You are right, it will release fluorophosgene, but the temperature
needed as I recall must be much higher. Teflon(R) decomposition
temperature as I remember is 416 deg. C. Fluorinated hydrocarbons
released during decomposition of polytetrafluoroethylene
at high temperatures will oxidize to fluorophosgene (similarly to 
chlorinated hydrocarbons which will form phosgene eg. chloroform vapors
on contact with red hot wire or hot end of a cigarette oxidizes in air
with formation of phosgene).

Tomek Dluzniewski 

Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: knapp@spot.Colorado.EDU (David Knapp)
Subject: Re: Making Pickles Glow
Organization: University of Colorado, Boulder
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 1992 22:41:56 GMT

In article <1448@grivel.une.edu.au> mgray1@metz.une.edu.au (Matthew GRAY) writes:
>
>
>	As I remember it, the secret to making pickles glow was passing a HUGE volume of electricity through the poor little pickle ie plugging the pickle cord straight into a wall socket. I don't know about the states, but here in oz that means 10 amps and 240 volts. 
>	This is one trick I'm NOT keen to try.
>					yours, Matthew Gray.
>


*Volume* of electricity? How do you guys measure current down there, anyway?



-- 
David Knapp                                      University of Colorado, Boulder
Highly Opinionated, Elderly and                      knapp@spot.colorad.edu
Perpetual Student of Chemistry and Physics.
            Write me for an argument on your favorite subject.
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: cweiss@ccu.umanitoba.ca (christopher gene weiss)
Subject: Precipitating Aluminum out of Solution
Summary: Subject says it all...
Keywords: Precipitating Aluminum Metal
Organization: University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 1992 17:29:39 GMT

I've been looking for ways to precipitate reasonably fine aluminum metal
out of a simple solution. I've considered dissolving aluminum metal in strong
acid and then trying some sort of redox to precipitate it but I can't think
of a decent reaction. Can anybody help me on this? Thanks.

C.G.Weiss
Cweiss@ccu.umanitoba.CA
From: mgray1@metz.une.edu.au (Matthew GRAY)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: re: Precitating aluminium out of solution
Date: 24 Jul 92 00:44:35 GMT


	There is a technique for precipitating magnesium out of solution, using potassium in a redox reaction. MgCl2 in a SUPER DRY solvent has potassium metal added to it. Normally the solvent has a boiling point higher than the mp of potassium, but this isn't essential. The K is oxidised, Mg is reduced to super-activated (ie ultra-small) particles; getting it out is another question. Don't know if it works for Al, but you can have a go. Be carful with solvent choice.
		Hope this helps,
				Matthew Gray.
From: mgray1@metz.une.edu.au (Matthew GRAY)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Re: Making Pickles Glow
Date: 22 Jul 92 22:13:14 GMT



	As I remember it, the secret to making pickles glow was passing a HUGE volume of electricity through the poor little pickle ie plugging the pickle cord straight into a wall socket. I don't know about the states, but here in oz that means 10 amps and 240 volts. 
	This is one trick I'm NOT keen to try.
					yours, Matthew Gray.
From: ohrd!speralta@cs.toronto.edu (Samuel Peralta)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Re: piezoelectric polymers
Keywords: piezoelectric, polymer, PVDF
Date: 28 Jul 92 12:59:46 GMT
Organization: Ontario Hydro - Research Division

In article <1992Jul17.184747.7079@bcrka451.bnr.ca> yak@bnr.ca (Yatish Kumar) writes:
>  I am trying to get hold of piezoelctric polymers.
>  The best lead I have is that there exists a material
>  called PVDF or PVD2.
>  I would appreciate it if:
>	a.  someone could suggest where I might get
>            the material from.

I have worked extensively with PVDF - great material, and cheap, too!  You can
get it from Pennwalt, under the "Kynar" piezo film trademark:

Pennwalt Corporation
Kynar Piezo Film Department
P.O. Box 799
Valley Forge, PA 19482, USA

(215) 666-3500
Fax (215) 666-3509

Oh, and they will sputter films on PVDF for you too - electrodes, coatings, etc.
Hope this helps.

- Sam Peralta
  Ontario Hydro, Research Division
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: gfisher@lisa.usbm-ccn.gov (Tim Fisher)
Subject: Removing water of hydration from fluorotitanate compound-???
Organization: U.S. Bureau of Mines, Albany Research Center
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 1992 17:49:56 GMT

I am preparing a fluorotitante compound, calcium hexafluorotitanate,
CaTiF6 which will be reduced with Ca metal to produce Ti metal and CaF2
slag byproduct. We react TiO2 (anatase) with 48 pct HF acid (very
exothermic reaction) to make a TiF4 in solution, then precipitate the 
CaTiF6 by adding CaCO3 calcium carbonate to the solution. We then filter
the product and dry it initially at 100 degrees celcius, then for 3 days
at 195 degree celcius.

Thge initial fluorotitante produced (before drying) is a fully hydrated
CaTiF6 * 2H2O . After drying, we can only get down to a oxygen content of
about 0.8 wt pct. We have tried drying in inert atmosphere, various
temperatures, and have dried the powder under flowing HF gas at elevated
temperatures. Any oxygen in the calcium fluorotitanate powder will
contaminate the Ti metal produced.

Does anyone have any suggestions to remove the remaining water of
hydration?

Please post or e-Mail me at gfisher@alrc.usbm-ccn.gov . 

Thanks in Advance

Tim Fisher  US Bureau of Mines
                  Albany Research Center
                  Albany, Oregon
ph. 503-967-5854
internet: gfisher@alrc.usbm-ccn.gov












































Newsgroups: sci.chem,rec.food.veg
From: Ligon@macgw1.ge.com (Woody Ligon)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Re: Teflon: question about heating.
Date: 24 Jul 92 12:06:08 GMT
Distribution: usa
Organization: GE-CRD


> > I posted this article to sci.materials, and got one response suggesting
> >that the gas Teflon *may* emit when heated too much is Phosgene.

When heated above about 280 C in air (not vacuum), Teflon(R) decomposes to
give (in part) fluorophosgene (carbonyl difluoride). Unlike dioxin, asbestos,
PCBs and Alar, etc., etc., this really is a genuinely and very seriously toxic
 material. The term "toxic" has been so completely devalued that I think this
kind of comparisons are necessary to provide perspective.  

Regarding the suggested production of NO, this is not particularly 
relevant. Practically any process which heats a combination of N2 and O2 to
a sufficiently high temperature gives small amounts of NO, but Teflon itself 
would have long since disappeared before any temperature was reached which
gave more than traces of NO. Even automobile engine combustion temperatures
produce only small amounts of NO. 

Woody Ligon
Standard Disclaimer applies
(ligon@macgw1.ge.com)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: eugene@wilbur.nas.nasa.gov (Eugene N. Miya)
Subject: Re: moderator how is one appointed?
Organization: NAS, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA
Date: Thu, 23 Jul 92 06:40:38 GMT

No news.group has ever applied post-facto moderation.

Some of the best signal to noise ratio news groups are moderated:
make no mistake about that: comp.compilers published hard copy of their
posts, comp.risks has the nod of the Assoc. of Comp. Machinery, and
most recently comp.research.japan just got a grant from the ONR for its
work.  Money talks.

The mistake is made at group proposal time with "unmoderated" as the
suggested style of posting.  E.g., even the person who proposed sci.environment
group admitted the mistake of not moderating the "sci" group.

The issue is not free speech.  Propose a talk.science.group.  Perfectly
acceptable.  Strictly Point-of-View.  Are newsgroups like a Journal or
something else?

The excuse about time delay is largely a bogus one.  Largely due to
laziness.  True: you can slow moderation (comp.graphics.research),
or criticism of heavy handed "moderation" (censorship): comp.society, etc.
These are the exceptions rather than the norm.  Few problems can't wait a
day or two.  Most can be answered in books or journals or a telephone.

If you feel strongly about a moderated chem group, my suggestion is
to get funding (even a tiny amount) from the Amer. Chem. Soc., make a
moderated group:
	sci.org.acs.chem or something like that.
Leave sci.chem unmoderated as an open forum.  Followup all s.o.a.c. posts
to sci.chem (i.e. talk.chem).  Always leave the out: an unmoderated "talk"
group while having a moderated sci group.  You will quickly leave the
noise behind, and all the professional non-believers will be reading your
group.

BUT...DO A GOOD JOB OF MODERATION (not like c.g.r.).

--eugene miya, NASA Ames Research Center, eugene@orville.nas.nasa.gov
  Resident Cynic, Rock of Ages Home for Retired Hackers
  {uunet,mailrus,other gateways}!ames!eugene
Second Favorite email message: Returned mail: Cannot send message for 3 days
A Ref: Mathematics and Plausible Reasoning, vol. 1, G. Polya
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: marina@tk.mainet.msk.su (Naumenko M.V.)
Subject: To anybody who is interesting in science
Reply-To: marina@tk.mainet.msk.su
Organization: Moscow Aviation Institute, PDTK
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 92 13:00:36 GMT

          TO  ANYBODY  WHO IS INTERESTING IN SCIENCE
        We apply to everybody who interested in  future  Russian
science; who   would  like  to assist  it  to integrate in World
science society.
        We need information about Funds and other  organizations
who interested in  attraction russian  science organizations  to
research within  the limits active and  plan science proects and
directions of  this  researches   but also about  conditions  of
precipitation  russian scientists   in this proects.  Besides we
would like to know about questions of finance.
        We pin   our hopes on  establishment of interaction  and
development of international cooperation.
        Best regards.                 Marina V.Naumenko
From: jlucas@pietro.ua.oz.au (Jeremy Lucas)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: N2O preparation
Date: 25 Jul 92 09:47:36 GMT
Organization: Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Adelaide

N2O is prepared by the thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3)

NH4NO3 ------> N2O + 2H2O

the decomposition occurs at 170 to 260 celcius...

The preparation is available in 'The Preparation of Pure Inorganic Substances
(Wiley, New York, 1932) page 246....

If you wanted to prepare it you would simply heat NH4NO3 at 170 to 260 celcius
and collect the resultant gases given off....
pure N2O would be obtained by either using a drying agent, or else
condensing the water and collecting the gas.....

N2O is heavier than air (1.53 times the density), becomes a liquid at
-88 celcius, and a solid at -90C

The solubility of N2O at standard temp/pressure is 1 liter dissolves in
1.5 liters of water.....

NOTE: NH4NO3 is explosive when a current is passed through it....
     though when heated it simply decomposes I would'nt recommend
     heating it too quickly or with too hot a flame....

     If your gonna make it yourself try gardual heating up to 200C or so..
     Don't just whack a bunsen under the flask and hope for the best :)

Later....

Jezza (ARGGHHH!!!...not another mad chemist!!!)
jlucas@pietro.adelaide.edu.au
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: carpenne@cda.mrs.umn.edu (Nancy E. Carpenter         )
Subject: Organic attrition
Organization: University of Minnesota - Morris
Distribution: usa
Date: Thu, 30 Jul 1992 19:26:39 GMT

I am searching for some "data", legitimate 
or mere "ballpark figures" on typical attrition figures for students in
the sophomore organic course, the one that is a full year long and for
science majors, pre-professionals, etc.  Anyone out there who has a
percentage figure of how many students drop out, transfer, or simply
quit taking the class because they don't need the second or third
quarter -- I'd like to know.  I'm talking about from the first day of
fall quarter to the last day of spring quarter.  Thanks for your help --
you can post any answers to me at carpenne@cda.mrs.umn.edu or on the
network.

Nancy Carpenter, the Organic Prof from Hell




Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: vsummers@polaris.cv.nrao.edu (Vince Summers)
Subject: Weathering copper
Organization: National Radio Astronomy Observatory
Distribution: sci.chem
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1992 18:16:38 GMT

     METAL FINISHING Guidebook and Directory Issue '92 says, on p.392
that you can produce a light brown on copper or brass by treating with
a solution of barium sulfide 0.5 oz. and ammonium carbonate 0.25 oz. to
1 gallon solution.  Increasing color clarity results from wet scratch
brushing and repeating the dipping.

Vince Summers
vsummers@polaris.cv.nrao.edu
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: Alan.Tai@bbs.oit.unc.edu (Alan Tai)
Subject: Making Pickles Glow
Organization: Extended Bulletin Board Service
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 1992 04:11:11 GMT

Someone recently posted that running a current through a pickle made
it glow.  I bounced it off of my adviser, and though it was obvious
the pickle could conduct, he couldn't believe it could glow, too.
Well, this morning, to I ran the experiment, passing 18 volts through
a dill, turned out lights...and saw nothing unusual besides the usual
sparks between the contacts and the pickle.  The pickle was about as
dull as the counter it was on.
    Has anyone else tried this?  Is this glowing bit for real?  If so,
what could I be doing wrong?  This could be a great addition to our
magic show :-).  Thanx.

Alan Tai

Alan.Tai@bbs.oit.unc.edu

--
   The opinions expressed are not necessarily those of the University of
     North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the Campus Office for Information
        Technology, or the Experimental Bulletin Board Service.
           internet:  bbs.oit.unc.edu or 152.2.22.80
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: wmammel@hoss.unl.edu (Bill Mammel)
Subject: H2O2 decomposition
Summary: H2O2 decomposition
Keywords: H2O2, decomposition, temperature, pressure
Organization: University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 1992 15:20:32 GMT

I'm looking for information as to the range of temperatures and
pressures at which H2O2 decomposes.  I know that the boiling point
[normal bp, that is] is 152 C for pure H2O2.  But I'm looking for info
on 30% H2O2, stabilized and unstabilized.

Any help is appreciated.  Thanks.

Bill Mammel
Department of Chemical Engineering
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
From: mgray1@metz.une.edu.au (Matthew GRAY)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Re:Silver oxidation
Date: 21 Jul 92 03:24:02 GMT


	Oxidation of jewellery can be dependant on skin types of the people
who wear them. Much of the focus of modern cosmetics is aimed at producing skin care produces which buffer the natural pH of skin, to give a more "even" complexion. If biological differences happen to a person then their skin chemistry can change and so change the rate of oxidation of silverware. Such biological differences are not only things such as how polluted the air is, but are also stress and relationship related, an example being a change in the hormone excreted when faced with a "fight or flee" si



tuation. Also the amount of exercise done, ie how much you sweat, as well as the humidity and temperature range of the area. I don't know if any conclusive work has been done to show that this is so, or whether it is purely an hypothesis ( note the 'an' before the word hypothesis) .
	I have encounted this phenomenon (sp?) myself; not personally, but an old girlfriend was very prone to silver tarnish on her jewellery, and had to regularly clean them. She found that during times of high stress eg exams, her stuff blackened more quickly.
	hope this helps,
			Matthew Gray

Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: vsummers@polaris.cv.nrao.edu (Vince Summers)
Subject: Re: Hydrazine
Organization: National Radio Astronomy Observatory
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 1992 13:04:24 GMT

H2NNH2

Vince Summers
vsummers@polaris.cv.nrao.edu
From: dbell@cup.portal.com (David J Bell)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Re: will this cause a fire?
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 92 18:06:11 PDT
Organization: The Portal System (TM)
Distribution: na
  <14p2ubINNb40@agate.berkeley.edu>

>In article <1992Jul24.120536.27525@athena.cs.uga.edu> giber@pollux.cs.uga.edu 
(
>Carolyn Giberson) writes:

>>This may delve into the area of forensic chemistry, but here goes.  
>>A police department in north Georgia is investigating a suspicious
>>fire.  They suspect that the fire (trying to burn a mobile home)
>>may have been started by mixing powdered calcium hypochlorite and
>>a wood preservative (described only as "volatile", so I assume it
>>is based on a flammable solvent -- hydrocarbon? acetone?).  My
>>questions are:

Dan, gezelter@lithium.cchem.berkeley.edu answers:

>The most widely feared reaction among ex-pool managers is the 
>inadvertent mixture of Calcium hypochlorite (commonly known as
>HTH) and pine oil.  Every few years, one reads stories of chemically
>naive lifeguards who tried to clean the bath house, figuring that if
>HTH works well, and if Pine oil works well, a mixture must work even
>better.  They usually end up burning down the bath house.


Sounds right. A similar reaction occurs with hypochlorite and
brake fluid. I would imagine mixing HTH with any volatile oil/alcohol
would be a Bad Thing... At a guess, turpemtine or linseed oil, both
common in wood preservatives, would be likely fuels.

Dave
dbell@cup.portal.com
Newsgroups: sci.chem
From: mvp@hsv3.lsil.com (Mike Van Pelt)
Subject: Re: Teflon: question about heating.
Organization: Video 7 + G2 = Headland Technology
Distribution: usa
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 1992 18:14:34 GMT

In article <1992Jul26.102925.18750@hpcvaac.cv.hp.com> billn@hpcvaac.cv.hp.com (bill nelson) writes:
>Ligon@macgw1.ge.com (Woody Ligon) writes:
>: When heated above about 280 C in air (not vacuum), Teflon(R) decomposes to
 [ nasty stuff ]
>This is a little hard to believe, since a regular cooking oven can get that
>hot without any problem. There are many products designed for oven use that
>are Teflon coated.

280C is 536F, which is a bit higher than normal oven cooking
temperatures.  The teflon would be in contact with food, too,
which would tend to keep it at a lower temperature.  

Of course, you shouldn't leave your teflon in a self-cleaning
oven when you run the clean cycle; that's about 800F.
-- 
Mike Van Pelt
Headland Technology/Video 7              Use a pun, go to jail.
sun!indetech!hsv3!mvp
mvp@hsv3.lsil.com
From: pk03+@andrew.cmu.edu (Paul Karol)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Re: P32 b-emmissions -> gammas?
Date: 23 Jul 92 09:57:09 GMT
Article-I.D.: andrew.cePj=p_00WBMM3xHow
Organization: Carnegie Mellon, Pittsburgh, PA

The majority of the interactions of P-32's betas is to cause ionizations
and excitations of molecules along the beta's track.  The conventional
number quoted is that charged particles, on the average, lose 32 eV per
ion pair created, so lots of ions are made along a very short track. 
There are low energy x-rays associated with molecular and atomic
relaxations following either ionization or excitation.  The betas will
have a relatively short range and should not make it through even thin
plexiglas.  You can also get brehmsstrahlung (gammas) from decelerating
charged particles, but these will also be predominantly low energy
because, again, many separate steps are involved.  The theoretical upper
limit would be close to the betas' maximum energy of 1.71 MeV.  If the
'activity' of a source were 15 mCi of 1.71 MeV gammas, I'd be concerned.
 But those gammas would be real rare in P-32.

Paul J. Karol
Nuclear Chemist
From: a481@mindlink.bc.ca (J.D. Frazer)
Newsgroups: sci.chem
Subject: Hydrazine
Date: 26 Jul 92 02:00:34 GMT
Organization: MIND LINK! - British Columbia, Canada
Distribution: world

Could some compassionate individual be so kind as to post the formula for
hydrazine?

Gracias.

--
J.D. Frazer, a481@mindlink.bc.ca, (Vancouver, B.C., Canada)
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