HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: fernando@aplcomm.jhuapl.edu (Fernando Pineda)
Subject: Re: dKH to ppm CaCO3 conversion
Reply-To: fernando@aplcomm.jhuapl.edu (Fernando Pineda)
Organization: Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Labs
Date: Tue, 13 Oct 1992 20:38:47 GMT


Just so everyone understands: I have every intention of doing all my 
calculations in ppm CaCO3. Nevertheless...**flame on *** I'm pursuing the dKH 
conversion because there seems to be a mystery here that still hasn't received 
a quantitative explanation. I just think it' s good practice to understand 
something from all angles. A problem like this is a red flag that says "you 
don't understand this" -- and yet it must be understandable. So I'm looking for 
an answer.  I was hoping someone could resolve the problem by either 1) 
explaining what the correct conversion factor is or 2) explaining why there is 
no conversion factor.  

Keith's post on the matter was a suggestion that there were at least two kinds 
of  hardness. An interesting suggestion, but what's the quantitative 
implication? Is there a conversion factor or not? Also it seems to imply that 
Moe doesn't have the whole picture either since he does not suggest that there 
are two kinds of hardness and just gives a single conversion factor for CaCO3. 
*** flame off ***

An interesting e-mail response:

Someone who uses a Thiel test kit that measures in units of dKH directly didn't 
use a conversion factor to go from Ca+2 or CaC03). He reports dKH of 15-17 for 
freshly mixed Tropic Marine. Although it is higher than ordinary sea water this 
is much more reasonable than 56 dKH which is what one gets if one blindly uses 
Moe's conversion.  


Note to Keith:

I didn't look at every page of Theil's "Advanced Reef Keeping vol. 1", but, 
everywhere I did look I saw dKH quoted instead of mg/l... not a big deal.


Note to marine biologists or chemists:

C'mon you guys, we physicists don't know beans about chemistry. How about a
little input!



Anyway, I'm pursing this question through other sources as well. If I find a 
definitive  answer I'll post it otherwise this is my last post on the matter...
have to get some work done!

Thanks to all -- Fernando

Fernando Pineda (fernando@aplcomm.jhuapl.edu)
Newsgroups: sci.aquaria
From: rabbits@byron.u.washington.edu (Adolf Maas)
Subject: Re: home made pH meter
Organization: University of Washington, Seattle
Date: Wed, 7 Oct 1992 20:03:00 GMT

In article <BvGD7z.74z@netnews.jhuapl.edu> fernando@aplcomm.jhuapl.edu (Fernando Pineda) writes:
>Sorry I lost the post from the person that requested information about pH 
>meters. Here's my contribution.
>
>I'm also interested in building a pH measuring circuit  (eventually).  I'd like 
>to interface it into a microprocessor. Recently I found two circuits in:
> 
>Rudolf F. Graf, "The encyclopedia of electronic circuits", vol. 1, p. 399, 
>(1985), ISBN 0-8306-1938-0, library of congress catalog no. TK7867.G66. Your 
>public or academic library probably has the book. 
>
>The low cost circuit looks particularly simple (+/- 15v supply, a probe, two op 
>amps and a handfull of resistors), The output is 0.1 volts per pH increment. 
>The more complicated circuit is temperature compensated. 
>
>I can't image that the electronic parts cost more than $10. The costly items 
>will be the probe, the power supply and the voltmeter (for reading the output 
>voltage). From FAMA I see that the retail cost of probes is < $70. You can 
>probably get them for less from other manufacturers (see below). Depending on 
>how much of all this stuff you already have around the house you can  probably 
>make a meter for not much more than the cost of the probe!
>
>Graf suggest an "Ingold Electrodes" probe #465-35. I don't know anything about 
>Ingold Electrodes, however, A good place to get information about any 
>manufacturer in the United States is to look in the Thomas Register of Products 
>and Services. Its a mammoth (>20 volumes) yellow-pages like index where 
>manufacturers of everything are listed. Again this can probably be found in the 
>reference section of your public library. Let me know what you turn up.
>
>Good luck. If anyone tries this, let me know how it turns out. -- Fernando
>
>
>
>Fernando Pineda (fernando@aplcomm.jhuapl.edu)


Xref: sparky sci.aquaria:1430 alt.aquaria:5264 rec.aquaria:7892
From: espinose@csd4.csd.uwm.edu (Espinose J D)
Newsgroups: sci.aquaria,alt.aquaria,rec.aquaria
Subject: [F] School of fish ?
Date: 8 Oct 1992 22:00:37 GMT
Organization: Computing Services Division, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee
Distribution: world
NNTP-Posting-Host: 129.89.7.4
Originator: espinose@csd4.csd.uwm.edu

I was always fascinated by schools of fish,
but the other day at the pet-store (Hoffer's
in Milwaukee), I saw a wonderful one.

About fifteen silvery fish, fairly large, about
the size of a half dollar coin were swimming closely
toghether in a freshwater tank.  The effect was
very impressive.  All I remember is that they were "barbs".
They were silver with pinkish fin ends.

Could anybody tell me more about those fish?

Although I use to keep different fish, in the last
years, I kept only goldfish in my plant tank because
they are lively and forgiving.  However, I am seriously
considering keeping a school of fish after I settle down
back home after graduation.  Could somebody recommend a
species of relatively large fish (>1"), requiring not
too much care (<1/2 hour a week) that would exhibit
a schooling behaviour.  Other requirements: beautiful
and respectful of plants, at least as much as goldfish.

I would really appreciate.  Thank you in advance.

-- 
Jean-Baptiste d'Espinose de la Caillerie

University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee / Dpt. of Chemistry
e-mail: espinose@csd4.csd.uwm.edu
Newsgroups: sci.aquaria
From: frazier@kona.cs.ucla.edu (Gregory Frazier)
Subject: Re: dKH to ppm CaCO3 conversion
Organization: UCLA, Computer Science Department
X-Newsreader: Tin 1.1 PL5
Date: Tue, 13 Oct 92 21:24:57 GMT

Fernando Pineda (fernando@aplcomm.jhuapl.edu) wrote:
: 
: Keith's post on the matter was a suggestion that there were at least two kinds 
: of  hardness. An interesting suggestion, but what's the quantitative 
: implication?

There is no implication.  There is general hardness, which is
the amount of metal cations dissolved in the water (Ca++, Mg++, etc.),
and there is carbonate hardness, the amount of carbonate anions dissolved
in the water (CO3, H2(CO3)2?).  Your test kit measures general hardness,
and presents its results in terms of CaCO3.  However, not all of your
calcium ions necessarily have carbonate partners.  But, back to the
point - you've measured your concentration of Ca++, you want to convert
it to dH.  I do not know if you are supposed to divide ppm of Ca++ or
ppm of CaCO3 equivalents to get dH, but whichever you do, will give you
the GH in German degrees.  If you want your carbonate hardness, KH, which
is supposed to be in the neighborhood of 7-13 dH (not being a marine
person, I don't know what it is supposed to be, but our tapwater is 8 dH),
you will need a KH test kit.

: Also it seems to imply that 
: Moe doesn't have the whole picture either since he does not suggest that there 
: are two kinds of hardness and just gives a single conversion factor for CaCO3. 

I've never read one of Moe's books, but I'm quite confident that he
is aware of both general and carbonate hardness.
 

--
"They thought to use and shame me but I win out by nature, because a true
freak cannot be made.  A true freak must be born." - Geek Love

Greg Frazier	frazier@CS.UCLA.EDU	!{ucbvax,rutgers}!ucla-cs!frazier
Newsgroups: sci.lang,soc.culture.china
From: dchung@efi.com (Daniel Chung)
Subject: [relatives (people)] names for relatives
Followup-To: soc.culture.china,sci.lang,soc.culture.esperanto
Organization: Electronics For Imaging, Inc.
Date: Tue, 13 Oct 1992 20:45:28 GMT


     I asked about the names of relatives in Esperanto.  If someone
reads that group not very often, it can read there to see what
ideas that you can give to properly distinguish between different
relatives in regards to belongment inside a family and seniority.
Note that what is asked for is not new-word-isms, but a proper way
with real Esperanto words and radicals to distiguish those relatives.

					Daniel Chung
Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: peeters@tasman.cc.utas.edu.au (bert peeters)
Subject: Re: Les primitifs semantiques d'Anna Wierzbicka
Organization: University of Tasmania, Australia.
Date: Thu, 15 Oct 1992 03:41:48 GMT

hughes@mercury.cis.udel.edu (John Hughes) writes:

>I'm surprised [the] list is so long; I seem to remember reading in a book by
>Wierzbicka called _Lingua Mentalis_ that she had narrowed "mentalese" down
>to only thirteen primitives (which look like they are included in the list
>above), and that she had said of her list that though readers would think the
>list were shockingly short, she herself suspected the list were too long, and
>hoped to remove some or fuse some together. In particular I remember she wanted
>to remove the distinction between "don't want" and "bad" in her list, but I see
>they are both still there. The list above is more than double that in _Lingua
>Mentalis_; I suppose her early idea that there should be very few semantic
>primitives didn't pan out too well. 

Those were the old days. Wierzbicka has come a long way since *Lingua mentalis*
- and, as I pointed out, the list is even longer now. More and more people
have put the metalanguage to the test and are checking whether the list is
translatable in various unrelated languages spoken in different corners of 
the world. We are finding that even the latest and longest list seems to
stand up rather well. 

---------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr Bert Peeters                         Tel: +61 02 202344
Department of Modern Languages               002 202344
University of Tasmania at Hobart        Fax: 002 207813
GPO Box 252C                            Bert.Peeters@modlang.utas.edu.au
Hobart TAS 7001
Australia
From: bthurman@uncavx.unca.edu
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: further queries on 'gender, marking'
Date: 15 Oct 92 16:12:33 GMT
Organization: University of North Carolina at Asheville
Nntp-Posting-User: bthurman

further questions on 'gender, word marking':  and why would the word
'fatherland' be feminine and a Greek noun for femal genitals (pysos) be
masculine?  would the former (patria) have been an adjectival originally
agreeing with an IE nature religion concept (or even broader than IE, as in
Heb.'arets) like 'mother earth' (ge, gaia, de)?  does the lack of developed
concept of persona (which may seem to advance first in Italic-Roman culture,
cf. Etrusc.phersu) in Greek (where psyche 'soul' and prosopon 'face' seem from
our consciousness endowed, and therefore 'warped', viewpoint to 'substitute'
for persona), and in Hebrew too, refer us back to a much more animistic or
totemistic cosmology and registration of phenomena?  should one ask such
questions before reading E. Rohde, Psyche or W. Jaeger, Theology ...? or on the
linguistic side C. D. Buck & a long list of his predecessors?
From: knappen@obelix.kph.uni-mainz.de (Joerg Knappen)
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: Evolve or Die
Date: 12 Oct 92 12:40:41 GMT
Reply-To: knappen@obelix.kph.Uni-Mainz.DE
Organization: ONO (Organisation der Nicht-Organisierten)

Where does the phrase ``evolve or die'' come from ? Who uses it in which
contexts ? Are there connotations (political, technical, ...) ?

It strikes to me having seen that phrase in several circumstances the last few
month and I suspect that it is -- purposefully or unwittingly -- quoted from
somewhere. Typical usages are [Computer] languages must either evolve or die.

Thanks in advance, J"org Knappen.
Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: andrews@Csli.Stanford.EDU (Avery Andrews)
Subject: SVO / VSO --> NP-Movement
Organization: Stanford University CSLI
Date: Wed, 14 Oct 1992 23:42:36 GMT


Re: djohns@elm.circa.ufl.edu (David A. Johns)
    article  <37310@uflorida.cis.ufl.edu>

  >A few days ago you made a remark to the effect that your confidence in
  >your theory is based on decades of solid data (sorry for the fuzzy
  >quote, but the message has scrolled off my system).
  >
  >But what we see is exactly the opposite.  You (I believe) brought up a
  >Russian construction that was immediately shot down by native
  >speakers.  Avery Andrews brought up an Icelandic construction which
  >was immediately discredited by people who know the language. ...
  >Hand introduced some "data" -- "I know it's going to rain, don't you?
  > ...
  >I might be more interested in following arguments on the structure
  >of linguistic theory if I knew what it was a theory of.

I have yet to see any posting trashing the data I posted, and anyway,
the examples are basically due to Sigurdur Halldorsson, who ought to
know Icelandic as well as anyone (though I did adapt them somewhat,
and it's possible that I stuffed them up, tho I did check them with a
native speaker before posting).

Furthermore, it isn't fair to assess the field by the quality of the
data that gets presented in sci.lang, or probably even in recent journal
articles, since much of this will not have been in circulation for
decades.  What ought to be looked at is data that has been around for
a while, and is still being theorized about.

I am, however, sympathetic to David's worries on the subject, to the
point where I actually backed up most of my Icelandic stuff by
distributing questionaires to students at the University of Iceland
(see my paper in Maling & Zaenen (1990) Modern Icelandic Syntax).
The main points seemed to be confirmed, tho I did decide to retract
some claims about long-distance agreement, at least for the time
being.

The problem, I think, is not so much that generative grammar is based
on bad data, but we just don't know much about the relationship
between real life & where the stars are in the linguistics journals.
A bit of work on empirical methodology might go a long way in giving
people justifiable confidence about the meaning (or lack thereof) of the
results of the standard `can you say this' interrogation method.

Avery.Andrews@anu.edu.au
Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: cml0464@ultb.isc.rit.edu (C.M. Leung)
Subject: Language course
Originator: cml0464@ultb
Reply-To: cml0464@ultb.rit.edu ()
Organization: Rochester Institute of Technology
Distribution: usa
Date: Wed, 7 Oct 1992 18:35:34 GMT

Hello:

	Sometime ago I posted a note asking if anyone knows any good
self-teach cassette course out there.  Several people have replied to me.
One particular guy has mentioned a course developed by Pimsleur.  I
have also come across this method in some article.  I tried several
major bookstores in my area but to no avail.  Anyone can give me some 
info on that?

	Thank you

Regards,

Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: lip@s1.gov (Loren I. Petrich)
Subject: Re: Latin/PIE/Finnish verbs (was:Subjectless verbs)
Organization: LLNL
Date: Mon, 12 Oct 1992 22:07:55 GMT

In article <1992Oct12.103446.3624@memstvx1.memst.edu> connolly@memstvx1.memst.edu writes:
>In article <1992Oct12.093324.19518@s1.gov>, lip@s1.gov (Loren I. Petrich) writes:

	[Correction to my Latin paradigms, which I did from memory]

$ 	It would be interesting to look at other archaic Indo-European
$ languages, especially Greek, Sanskrit, and Hittite.

$ 	If I remember correctly, the reconstructed IE paradigm looks
$ something like:
$ 
$ 	-o:/-mi
$ 	-si
$ 	-ti
$ 	-mes
$ 	-tes
$ 	-nti
>
>More or less, but the -i is apparently a present-time morpheme; the
>"secondary" endings of past tenses in languages such as Greek and
>Sanskrit lack it, as does the subjunctive.
>
$ 	The ultimate origin is probably from suffixed pronouns.
>
>Possible, but it's not easy to prove, since the forms of the pronouns
>are actually quite unlike verb endings (with the sole exception of
>1sg verbal -m and pronominal oblique stem m-).

	However, the 1p and 2p endings _do_ look like the 1s and 2s
pronouns *m- and *t- with a suffix. And for the 2s, *-t- > *-s- is
possible.

$ 	Someone mentioned the Finnish verb conjugation once as looking
$ a lot like Latin. What is it, again?

>	puhun		puhumme
>	puhut		puhutte
>	puhuu		puhuvat

>I don't see much similarity in the singular, or in the 3.pl (unless
>we want to connect 1.sg. -n with the -m of _sum_ 'I am' and various
>non-present forms).   The 1.pl. and 2.pl. forms do resemble Latin --
>but they are fairly obviously simply the singular forms with a
>pluralizing affix -Ce (C fully assimilated to the preceding singular
>suffix, at least if 1.sg. is really *-m), so there goes the
>relationship.

	I've also seen the theory that the Finnish 3p ending is
derived from a present participle ending. That might explain some of
the IE endings, also.

	It might be interesting to see what the Finnish pronouns look
like. And how do other Uralic languages compare?

/Loren
Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: A5711DAA@vm.univie.ac.at
Subject: Re: Was fuer ein (Was: Case & NP-movement)
Organization: University of Vienna
Date: Thu, 15 Oct 1992 17:18:37 GMT

------------------------- Original Article -------------------------
From: connolly@memstvx1.memst.edu
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: Was fuer ein (Was: Case & NP-movement)

>> On a related matter [?] is there any account of the German "was fuer" or
>> Russian "chto za" (`what kind of`) constructions that explains why the
>> following NP is nominative?
>German _was fuer (ein)_ can be followed by any of the four cases:
>   Was fuer ein Mensch (NOM) ist er?  'What kind of guy is he?'
>   Was fuer eines Menschen Auto hat sie gestohlen?  (GEN)
>        'What kind of guy's car did she steal?'
>   Was fuer einem Menschen hat er Bier gebracht?  (DAT)
>        'What kind of guy did he bring beer to?'
>Was fuer einen Menschen hat er gesehen?  (ACC)
>   'What kind of guy did he see?'
>In other words: _fuer_ is not a preposition in this construction

I did not read your discussion last time and just came across this
message. However, as a native speaker of German I want to state that
certainly no one would use the GEN, DAT or ACC construction. It does not
sound completly ungrammatical, but we have own wh-words for each case:

wessen (GEN)
wem (DAT)
wen (ACC)

I admit, that these have different menaings - they ask for the being itself
and not its properties - I think to ask for properties one would use
modal sentences:


Wie war der Mensch, dem sie Bier gebracht hat?  (DAT)
(How has the guy been, whom she brought beer).
(alike in all other cases).

I know that my remarks might be more dealing with pragmaitic than with
grammatic, but I am not sure how to seperate this - if an utterance
is never - in no circumstance - made by a native speaker.
Benke Gertraud
Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: schiller@prl.philips.nl (schiller c)
Subject: What were the languages of the renaissance ?
Originator: schiller@prl.philips.nl
Organization: Philips Research Laboratories, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Date: Thu, 15 Oct 1992 16:28:34 GMT



Discussing with a friend over the renaissance, we got
into a discussion which are the languages that player a role
in the flow of the new ideas which appeared at that time.

I suppose it was mostly latin, italian, french german 
and english. Is this list complete ?
Do spanish, russian or other languages have to be added ?
Portuguese ?

I am not a linguists nor a historian, so I'd like to 
settle this discussion with some harder facts.
Any help ?

In what languages were books published ? DIscussions held
at universities ? Which were the relevant universities ?
Which were the important centers from where the movement
got its main impetus ?

Thank you in advance,


       Christoph Schiller
       Philips Research Laboratories
       EIndhoven, The Netherlands
From: hiraga@Csli.Stanford.EDU (Yuzuru Hiraga)
Subject: Re: Education in Japan
Keywords: Education, Japan, Primary Education, Secondary Education
Organization: Stanford University CSLI
Date: Fri, 9 Oct 1992 08:15:55 GMT

In article <84479@bcsaic.boeing.com> gwe3409@bcsaic.boeing.com (Gerald Edgar) writes:
>There is an interesting post on the newsgroup comp.research.japan
>on primary and secondary education in Japan. I would be interested
>in hearing from people about education in Japan and how it compares
>with education here.

Not directly answering your question (which I shall try later),
but now that I'm looking from the teaching side, the
"Kunihiko Kodaira (Ed)" book mentioned there is quite unique among
other textbooks, both in my opinion and as a general reputation.

I personally find it good (although I know only the high-school ones),
as well as those by Yuusaku Komatsu (Ed) (OUBUNSHA).
But alas, that is in retrospect --
once you know the whole subject, you get to know what's good about it,
but I wonder how much students will recognize it.

FYI Prof. Kodaira is a Fields Award winner for algebraic geometry
and is also an advocate to revive and strengthen elementary geometry
courses in the school curriculum.

>Another bit was that the differences between the 
>capability of boys and girls doing math was LESS overseas than here. 

If you look into groups like "sci.math" and "sci.edu" now,
you'll find a flurry going on about the Barbie-doll speaking
"math is tough"    :-)

-Yuzuru Hiraga
From: tom@dingo.imagen.com (tom lowdermilk)
Newsgroups: sci.lang.japan
Subject: Re: learning kanji
Date: 16 Oct 92 15:43:16 GMT
Reply-To: tom@dingo.imagen.com (tom lowdermilk)
Organization: imagen

In article <1bm8c3INN6lv@darkstar.UCSC.EDU>, philb@cats.ucsc.edu (Philip Brown) writes:
|> 
|> 
|> I am slooowly teaching mysef kanji from a book. but I would like a better
|> method of drilling myself than just turning to a "random" page.
|> I have X11R5 on a sun4. is there some free program I could use to help me
|> learn?
|> 
|> Philip Brown
|> 
|> -- 
|>   --------------------------------------------------
|> "How do I love sea? Let me count the waves.." |philb@cats.ucsc.edu
|> P.Anthony, "The Colo(u)r of her panties"      |philb@soda.berkeley.edu

The most effective method which I've used doesn't involve a workstation or
PC; get copies of Andrew Dykstra's books KANJI A-B-C and KANJI 1-2-3 and
practice, practice, practice. Concentrate on learning the radicals. Some
of the explanations and memory-games he uses are kind of hokey (sic), but
very useful.


- tjl      tom@dingo.imagen.com

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
" Love Mankind, Revere Heaven " :-{
Xref: sparky sci.lang.japan:4356 soc.culture.japan:8617
From: robohen@ocf.berkeley.edu (Henry Robertson)
Newsgroups: sci.lang.japan,soc.culture.japan
Subject: corporate literature
Date: 7 Oct 1992 08:04:01 GMT
Organization: U. C. Berkeley Open Computing Facility
NNTP-Posting-Host: headcrash.berkeley.edu

As I prepare for campus interviews and flip thru usually useless corporate
pamphlets depicting rosy life, i came across one particularly striking one
in the 1991 Matsushita pamphlet...on the section about indoor AV systems,
there was a blond-haired couple in a tub together watching TV in the bathroom,
while their son doused himself with water in frot of the TV screen.  Now,
just how many typical American families have TV's mounted on the walls of
their bathrooms, and out of those how many American families take baths 
together????  Maybe I'm not up on the newest Southern-California trend,
since after all this is Northern California, where blondes may dye their
hair black, green, or purple.  Well, another good one was on the automated
restaurant table with a retractable platform that descends from the ceiling;
it puts your dishes away & serves you the next course (and a bouqet of
flowers inbetween courses).  Again, is this a new Southern California thing,
or am I missing a trend in formal Japanese cuisine, given the labor shortage
of waiters?