HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: jpk@Ingres.COM (Jon Krueger)
Subject: Re: Instant Addiction
Reply-To: jpk@Ingres.COM (Jon Krueger)
Organization: Ask Computer Systems Inc., Ingres Division, Alameda CA 94501
Distribution: sci.psychology
Date: 23 Jul 92 17:47:20 GMT

dennis mcclain-furmanski writes:
>> Last I checked, the addictive power ("potential for abuse") of substances
>> was measured by operant methods.

>Please explain operant methods? I'm clashing operant conditioning with
>something different which you seem to be saying.

How do you go about measuring the potential for abuse of a substance?
Suppose you're at NIH or NIMH and Congress has asked for scientific
advice to class substances according to potential for abuse.  This is
in fact exactly what happened.

Experiments were performed in which the animals were allowed to
self-administer.  Since most of them can't self-inject, and it would
in any case be difficult to monitor intake, chronic catheterization is
used.  The animal hits a lever and instead of getting food, activates
a solenoid for twenty milliseconds or so, which in turn delivers a
precise amount of substance directly into the bloodstream.

What substance?  Well you start with saline, and from time to time go
back to that, this is the control condition.  Would an animal press
the lever just to deliver saline?  Not very often.  You then get to
put other substances in the hopper.

Because the animal controls the rate of delivery by the frequency of
lever presses, it also controls the blood level, the slope of ramping
up, ramping down, or voluntary withdrawal.  What was found was for
most substances, the animal self-maintains, ramps up to a given level
and stays there.  Some substances, however, the animal takes it right
up until he passes out, at which point lever pressing ceases.  When
the animal comes to, if he hasn't drowned in his spit in the meantime,
with these substances he goes right back to the lever and starts
pressing again, and takes himself up to unconsciousness again.  Guess
which substances are on this list.

It's a simple, operant method, allowing tests of substances within
subjects, across species, grouped by subject background, with
different latencies between qualifying response and delivery of
substance, or combinations of all of the above.

- Jon
--
Jon Krueger  jpk@ingres.com  
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
From: mokaba@binah.cc.brandeis.edu
Subject: Re: Black Gavan Chapter four -what if he dropped out of high school
Reply-To: mokaba@binah.cc.brandeis.edu
Organization: Brandeis University
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 1992 14:31:28 GMT

I appologize for the inconvience that my misdirected posting cost..
You surely would not understand what was being discussed as it was
intended for a different group. I hope my apology is accepted..
Mokaba
From: tmhoff@oogoody.Corp.Sun.COM (Todd Hoff)
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
Subject: Re: Whale rights - Science and sentimen
Date: 30 Jul 1992 01:43:46 GMT
Organization: Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Distribution: world
Reply-To: tmhoff@oogoody.Corp.Sun.COM
NNTP-Posting-Host: oogoody.corp.sun.com

>I'm not sure intelligence really has anything to do with rights. Rights
>are only as strong as the rightee's ability to defend them. I will
>say that I consider the moral worth of Lotus eaters only slightly above
>that of tax collectors.

So if I'm more adept at using force in my defense than I have more rights
than you? Or conversely, you have fewer rights because you can not defend
yours? Is that really how you wish to live?
From: mmhemsi@isrc.sandia.gov (Michelle M. Hemsing)
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
Subject: Doing Research on Divorces
Date: 30 Jul 92 22:36:50 GMT
Organization: Sandia National Labs, Org. 1600, Albq., NM

I am a college student writing a freshman English research
paper about the effects of a divorce on an individual
(whether they are the husband, wife, children, relatives,
etc.)  I am interested in the negative effects as well as
the positive ones (if there are any).  

Please respond as soon as you can, and I would appreciate
it if you could give me some background information.  For
example:
Were you the child of a divorce?
How old were you?  How long did the marriage last?
How does it effect you today? 
What is your outlook on marriage before and after the
divorce?
Any comments are welcome.  Thank you.
Sincerely Michelle

If you do not mind, could I also have your e-mail address
in case I need to ask you a question on your reply
From: barryc@casbah.acns.nwu.edu (Barry Chiu)
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
Subject: Hypnosis
Date: 24 Jul 92 20:11:44 GMT
Organization: Northwestern University, Evanston Illinois.


Hi! What is a good reading list for hypnotism?
Please respond by post or email!

Thanks 
Xref: sparky sci.psychology:3234 sci.environment:9974
From: mingos@vax.oxford.ac.uk
Newsgroups: sci.psychology,sci.environment
Subject: Re: Whale rights - Science and sentiment
Date: 24 Jul 92 11:04:55 GMT
Organization: Oxford University VAXcluster

In article <1992Jul23.093000.8367@alf.uib.no>, edmtl@alf.uib.no (Thor Legvold) writes:
> 
> Interesting that the same people who are interested in comparative anatomy,
> research on the brains of whales to answer questions similar to the ones
> we've been asking, are denying themselves (and others) the oppourtunity
> to do exactly that...
> 
> Thor
> Graduate program, Psychology
> University of Bergen
> Norway
> edmtl@fiol.uib.no

 Please could you then post results from any of the "Scientific Whaling"
programmes pursued by Japan or Norway? Has any useful data been uncovered
which could not have been discovered from observation of live animals?
And what exactly IS the intended aim of this research?
 There must be something.  If I had taken several hundred samples of a subject
per year for the last decade, my boss would be as pissed off as hell if hadn't
comeup with some mind-blowingly interesting conclusion.
 I don't deny you the right to carry out the research, providing that it is 
Valuable, useful, helps the whale species, causes no suffering to the animal,
and cannot be carried out any other way.  I question very strongly whether the
"Scientific whaling" programme comes into ANY of these categories, let alone
all of them.
  Or is there perhaps another reason for the research...?

    Gavin

******************************************************************************
Gavin Whittaker
Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory,
Oxford University,
Oxford,
England
******************************************************************************
Xref: sparky sci.psychology:3263 misc.education:3014 sci.cognitive:244
From: murphyg@Software.Mitel.COM (Gary Murphy)
Newsgroups: sci.psychology,misc.education,sci.cognitive
Subject: Re: Critical Thinking and Education
Date: 27 Jul 92 12:42:01 GMT
	<1992Jul25.014541.26040@pony.Ingres.COM> <Brzxuy.98D@cs.bham.ac.uk>
Organization: Applications Software II, MITEL Corporation, Kanata, Ontario,
	Canada
In-reply-to: ard@cs.bham.ac.uk's message of 26 Jul 92 12:40:10 GMT

In article <Brzxuy.98D@cs.bham.ac.uk> ard@cs.bham.ac.uk (Antoni Diller) writes:

    Just one concrete example, Fisher wants to show
   that Malthus's arguments about population are wrong.  One of Malthus's
   premises is that food production only increases in an arithmetical ration.
   Fisher argues that this fale because food production---he says---can
   increase more quickly, citing that well known agriculturist Engels
   as an authority.  He fails to realise that even if food production
   only increases in an arithmetical progression that has the consequence
   that one day an acre of land will produce 100,000,000 tons of potatoes
   or whatever.

   So, what's my point?  Teaching critical thinking and informal logic
   is a dengerous thing and may teach people WRONG principles of
   thinking and reasoning.  Fisher's students, eg, will have a warped
   understanding of reasoning because Fisher's own reasoning is wrong.

This is the core of Richard Buckminster Fuller's life-long crusade
against wrong approaches and tunnel vision: what both Malthus AND Fisher
miss is the well known (but popularly unnamed) phenomenon Fuller called
'ephemerialization', otherwise known as humankind's vast propensity to
take quantum leaps in our technology and unpredictably acheive great
strides in our ability to squeeze more from less.  Malthus did not
consider the computer/information age and its effects on the efficiency
of world-wide algriculture (how could he?) nor did he (or Karl Marx)
even consider such a complace quantum-survival-leap as the home
refridgerator!

Still, it is one thing to make sure you have a logical and reasonably
complete argument, and another to foolishly believe you can trust it ;-)

Add Fuller's "Tetrascroll" to your list of books about developing a
healthy scientific mind, and "Synergetics" to those who can take it.


--
Gary Lawrence Murphy - Gary.Murphy@software.mitel.COM - (613) 592-2122 x3709
 Enlightenment is the natural response to the environment - Morita Shoma
From: CAPRICE@UNCVX1.ACS.UNC.EDU (Elizabeth Marrin)
Newsgroups: sci.psychology
Subject: Intelligence and Creativity
Date: 30 Jul 92 22:47:00 GMT


    I am looking for anything recent on the correlations between
intelligence and creativity.  And specifically, I am interested in
research that is occurring right now, and NOT yet published.  

    If anyone knows of such a study going on, please Email me as
to which university/research center, and anything known about it.

    I am an undergraduate, but I am slowly starting to think beyond
graduation and I am extremely interested in this type of research.
Thanks very much!

                                                   Elizabeth Marrin
                                              Caprice@uncvx1.acs.unc.edu
From: arun@evax2.engr.arizona.edu (Arun Raj Pandey)
Newsgroups: sci.engr
Subject: newsgroup for EE
Date: 26 Jul 92 22:58:03 GMT
Reply-To: arun@evax2.engr.arizona.edu
Distribution: world,local
Organization: University of Arizona, College of Engineering and Mines, Tucson

Looks like there is no separate group for electrical/computer
engineernig. It is really good idea to start one. If anybody
reading this group has privilage to start a newsgroup,how
about starting one for ee/ce.

In this age, there are lots of researches and studies going on
in this field all over the world. A new newsgroup would 
certainly help students,professors,researchers learn and share
ideas on this competetive and fast progressing technology.
Your comments are welcome.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Arun R Pandey
Electrical and Computer(ECE) department
The University of Arizona,Tucson.
*******
email to: Arun@evax2.engr.arizona.edu
telephone to :(602)-792-2854
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Newsgroups: sci.engr
From: xu@math.psu.edu (Jinchao Xu)
Subject: 7-th International Conference on Domain Decomposition Methods
Reply-To: xu@math.psu.edu
Organization: Dept. of Mathematics, Penn State University
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 1992 22:09:42 GMT

The Seventh International Conference on Domain Decomposition 
Methods will be held at Penn State during the four-day period 
October 27--30, 1993. If you want to receive further information, 
please contact: Rosemary Manning (secretary), Dept. of Math.,
Penn State Univ., University Park, PA 16802. Tel: 814-865-7527;
Fax: 814-865-3735; Email: ddm7@math.psu.edu.



From: myers@hpfcso.FC.HP.COM (Bob Myers)
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 1992 17:49:43 GMT
Subject: Re: Can engineering be automated?
Organization: Hewlett-Packard, Fort Collins, CO, USA
Newsgroups: sci.engr

> |>                              #     #
> |>                              ##    #   ####
> |>                              # #   #  #    #
> |>                              #  #  #  #    #
> |>                              #   # #  #    #
> |>                              #    ##  #    #   ###
> |>                              #     #   ####    ###
> |> 
> |> 
> 
> Not no. Yes.
> 

Not yes. No.

Now, is anyone sufficiently tired of stating two of the possible answers to
this question so as to give REASONS for their answers?

My personal feeling is that while the calculations that many people consider
to be "engineering" can be (and have been!) automated, the creativity and
innovation end of the game - which is where the REAL engineering is, IMHO - 
can never be.  At least, not at present; you come up with a truly sentient
and creative computer, and we'll talk further.


Bob Myers            | "There is a law of inertia.  And I have found that of
myers@fc.hp.com      |  all the inert substances, the most inert is the       
                     |  human brain."         - Edward Teller                 
Newsgroups: sci.engr
From: lvkelly@venus.lerc.nasa.gov (Kelly Carney)
Subject: Re: Rigid body dynamics textbooks
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41    
Keywords: dynamics
Organization: NASA Lewis Research Center
Date: 22 Jul 1992 16:26 EDT  

In article <1992Jul22.012704.1829@athena.mit.edu>, hbudiman@athena.mit.edu (Haryanto T Budiman) writes...

>I was wondering if any of you know the list of good rigid body dynamics
>textbooks (from elementary to advanced).

Here are a few I don't think Ron mentioned.

Very Basic - Beer/Johnston's Vector Mechanics for Engineers-Dynamics
                             McGraw Hill

My favorite, grad level - Greenwood's Principles of Dynamics, Prentice Hall

Also, from Dover (Cheap), - Thomson's Intro to Space Dynamics

Avoid Meirovitch's Methods of Analytical Dynamics.  It covers a lot of
different topics, but as a teaching text, it doesn't explain anything.

Good luck

Kelly Carney
lvkelly@venus.lerc.nasa.gov 


Newsgroups: sci.engr.biomed
From: SSCHEMA@ibm.gwdg.de (Stefan Schemat)
Subject: biofeedback of breath
Organization: GWDG, Goettingen
Date: Fri, 31 Jul 92 15:26:50 MSZ

Hi,
we trying to induce emotional states via biofeedback of breathing
rhythm. Actually we are looking for a reliable hardware to measure
the breathing signal. We have heard about an elegant method to do
this without direct contact to the persons body.
Has anybody ever heard of this method or a good alternativ?
Thanx Stefan
From: xxvb746@hermes.chpc.utexas.edu (Yanling Qi)
Newsgroups: sci.engr.biomed
Subject: Human anatomical refererences needed
Date: 31 Jul 92 17:41:02 GMT
Organization: The University of Texas System - CHPC

Dear netters,
  
  I am posting this message to ask netters recommendations about anatomical
books or references for my research project.

  I am a graduate student in Biomedical Engineering. My research project
involves in modelling the human thermal regulation system. It needs to build a 
two-dimensional human geometric model which  requires a set of images of 
cross-sections of human body. In each cross-section, the major vessels,
and boundaries of various tissues and organs should be clearly identified. 
The cross-sectional data will be used to generate finite element and/or
finite difference meshes for numerical anlysis.

 I also would like to know if there exist any databases or achives which
contain the information I needed, and also are ftpaable.

 I am very appreciated if any one in the net could help me to locate
usefull anatomical books or references. 

 Thank you very much in advance.



---yanling (xxvb746@hermes.chpc.utexas.edu)
   University of Texas at Austin
From: rdmiller@matt.ksu.ksu.edu (Ruth D Miller)
Newsgroups: sci.engr.biomed
Subject: Re: biomedical engr
Date: 21 Jul 92 20:32:07 GMT
Organization: Kansas State University
NNTP-Posting-Host: matt.ksu.ksu.edu

In article <1992Jul21.175145.7067@njitgw.njit.edu> ahy3613@hertz.njit.edu (Eddy H. Youssef) writes:
>
>I, too, am pursuing a degree (eventually!) in biomedical engineering,
>but, also discovered that it was very hard to get a bachelor's 
>degree in that field.  I have the same question.  Right now I am
>getting a BS in Mechanical Eng. and will try for a masters in biomed.
>Is this the best route to go?
>
>BTW, I am looking to go into prosthetics (limbs and hopefully get into 
>visual/auditory too), should I also consider EE?
>
I was given this advice as a high school senior and now, as a professor
in EE, I see no reason to change it--BIomedical Engineering is too specific
a field for a BS.  We can barely turn out a proper EE in 4 years--how can
you hope to have the needed biological _and_ technical background in 4
years?  What results is what I see too many times in journal articles and
at professional meetings--medical types whose knowledge of electricity and
mechanics is bad, and technical types whose medical knowledge is rotten.
To avoid sounding like an idiot ("I thought conductivity was measured in
mhos!  You mean it's mhos/meter?" and similar faux pas') get your degree
in EE, MechE or ChemE and then go to grad school--either in Biomed or, as
I did, in Engineering with a medical research topic.  As for which engineering:
EE if you're interested in nervous signals or digital simulations or
instrumentation (respirators, MRI, ultrasound...)
MechE if you're interested in prosthetics generally--limbs and so on--unless
it's sensory prostheses (ears, eyes...) then you want EE again;
Chem E if you're interested in blood chemistry, cancer work, membranes and
the like.  

There's a lot more overlap than is immediately apparent here.  By taking
_any_ of the Engineering degrees for a BS you are flexible enough to redirect
your career path when you are clearer about what specific field you are
interested in.  THink about the kind of things you'd want to do when you
are out of school (or if you want to be in school forever like myself! :-)
and then inquire from guidance/career placement people about what sort(s) of
degrees you should look at. Remember you can always get a Bs in ME, then
go for an MS and PhD in EE with a biological research program and be as
qualified as any PhD in BiomedE for the kind of job you may be after.

If anyone wants to discuss this further with me by e-mail I'm game, but I
don't know it all, either, so it won't hurt to ask other people in my
position.  Good luck--and _enjoy_ your studies!

Ruth Douglas Miller
Kansas State Univ, rdmiller@matt.ksu.ksu.edu
From: archive@arb.uucp (CARL  L  SAGE)
Newsgroups: sci.engr.biomed
Subject: Non-Motor Linear Motion
Date: 26 Jul 92 19:42:33 EST
Organization: Not an Organization

  I recently recieved some information regarding "memory wires"
and their possible use to provide linear motion.The alloy involved
is refered to as either "Nitinol" or "Flexinol".It is composed of
a combination on Nickel and Titanium.
  This material contracts when under electrical stimulation,similar to 
human neuro-muscular tissue.
  If anyone has any information or experiance with this 
substance/technology,please e-mail me at the address below.
  Thanks.

"Any sufficiantly advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic."
-Arthur C Clarke-
"It's kind of fun to do the impossible." -Walter Elias Disney-
C.L.Sage-Disney University(Class of '90)
jwt!arb!archive@peora.sdc.ccur.com     <INTERNET>
peora.sdc.ccur.com!jwt!arb!archive     <  UUCP  >
From: ahy3613@hertz.njit.edu (Eddy H. Youssef)
Newsgroups: sci.engr.biomed
Subject: Re: biomedical engr
Date: 21 Jul 92 17:51:45 GMT
Organization: New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, N.J.


I, too, am pursuing a degree (eventually!) in biomedical engineering,
but, also discovered that it was very hard to get a bachelor's 
degree in that field.  I have the same question.  Right now I am
getting a BS in Mechanical Eng. and will try for a masters in biomed.
Is this the best route to go?

BTW, I am looking to go into prosthetics (limbs and hopefully get into 
visual/auditory too), should I also consider EE?

Thanx in advance!


-- 
/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/

	Eddy H. Youssef
	New Jersey Institute of Technology
From: pavlopou@ace.rutgers.edu (Sotirios Pavlopoulos)
Newsgroups: sci.engr.biomed
Subject: Info needed for hearing aids signal processing
Keywords: hearing aids, signal processing
Date: 23 Jul 92 19:46:53 GMT
Organization: Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, N.J.


I would like to know if anybody has had any experience with hearing
aids and signal processing. Right now I have no information at all
so anything that may lead me to a start will be appreciated.

Than you in advance.
	    
	    	Sotiris Pavlopoulos
		Biomed. Engineering
		Rutgers University
		e-mail pavlopou@ace.rutgers.edu
From: cvtoy@ux5.lbl.gov (Charmaine Toy)
Newsgroups: sci.engr.biomed
Subject: Re: biomedical engr
Date: 21 Jul 1992 23:03:49 GMT
Organization: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
Reply-To: cvtoy@ux5.lbl.gov (Charmaine Toy)
NNTP-Posting-Host: 128.3.254.116

In article <1992Jul21.175145.7067@njitgw.njit.edu> ahy3613@hertz.njit.edu (Eddy H. Youssef) writes:
>
>I, too, am pursuing a degree (eventually!) in biomedical engineering,
>but, also discovered that it was very hard to get a bachelor's 
>degree in that field.  I have the same question.  Right now I am
>getting a BS in Mechanical Eng. and will try for a masters in biomed.
>Is this the best route to go?
>
>BTW, I am looking to go into prosthetics (limbs and hopefully get into 
>visual/auditory too), should I also consider EE?
>
>Thanx in advance!
>
>
>-- 
>/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/
>
>	Eddy H. Youssef
>	New Jersey Institute of Technology

I think that it really doesn't matter what type of degree you obtain for
your bachelor's as long as you have the right preparation for your area
of interest.  My bachelor's degree is in bioengineering, which was 2 years
of general engineering curriculum and 2 years of upper division engineering 
courses of your choice.  As it turns out, I took courses almost the 
equivalent of a mechanical engineering bachelors with a biological emphasis.
It is simply impossible to do anything but preparation for your specialty
area during your bachelors.  If you know what field in bioengineering
in which you would like to specialize, then you should go for that
electrical (image processing, sensors, etc), mechanical(prosthetics, ortho, fluids), or materials science (obviously...) and so on...engineering bachelor's degree.  

I'm not saying that a bio(medical)engineering bachelor's degree is useless;
rather, it allowed me to explore other areas until I was very sure about
my area of interest instead of changing majors about two times, and I don't
regret my choice of undergraduate studies.  My grad degree will be in mechanical engineering: biomechanics, but I could have just as easily enrolled in a graduate electrical engineering program (as one of my bioengineering friends did).  

On an upbeat note, there are many ways to finally obtain that biomedical
engineering graduate degree.

Organization: Carnegie Mellon, Pittsburgh, PA
Newsgroups: sci.engr.biomed
Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1992 13:09:54 -0400 
From: Sumeet Datt <sd2z+@andrew.cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: biomedical engineering

First of all, let me say that I'm a little confused about the difference
between biomedical engineering and just plain bioengineering.  Could
someone please tell me the difference?

Second, as an EE major, I am about to start my senior year.  I have to
start applying to grad school but the problem is I'm not sure what area
I want to specialize in.  I'm interested in exploring biomedical
engineering  (or bioengineering) but haven't had the chance to take any
courses in the subject.  Can anyone recommend some books on the subject
to give me some general knowledge about the subject areas?

Thanks in advance.

Sumeet Datt
From: ethchen@phoenix.Princeton.EDU (Edwin T. Chen)
Newsgroups: sci.engr.biomed
Subject: Biomedical Companies
Date: 31 Jul 92 16:37:19 GMT
Organization: Princeton University
Originator: news@ernie.Princeton.EDU


I am looking for a listing of Biomedical Engineering companies that
are out there right now (especially if they are hiring).  Anybody know
any?

Ed