HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: J.Klein@mailbox.bison.mb.ca (J Klein)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
Subject: Re: Physics Depts that do Neural-Nets research
Date: 25 Sep 92 02:13:41 CST

Organization: Public Macs, Academic Computing, Yale University

> I'm looking for any universities with physics departments that do
> research on neural-nets.  If you know such a university, I would
> appreciate it if you would email me the name of the university!
> I am primarily interested in universities in the USA, Great Britain,
> Europe, and Australia.


I am probably not the best person to be answering this question, but here
at Yale there appear to be a number of undergraduate courses on "neural
nets."  Indeed, I know a physics major concentrating on that subject, so
you might want to check us out.

 * Origin: The Electronic Mailbox (1:348/7.0)

Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
From: pvr@argo.rice.edu (PVR Narasimha Rao)
Subject: Re: Fuzzy logic references wanted
Keywords: fuzzy logic references
Organization: Rice University
Date: Wed, 30 Sep 1992 18:52:21 GMT


In article <4251@svin09.info.win.tue.nl>, luit1@wsinfo11.info.win.tue.nl (Wim Jansen) writes:

|> erik@maui.til.com (Erik Horstkotte) writes:

|> >As far as whether I regard fuzzy logic as part of AI or not, the
|> >answer is "not really."  The main reason for this is that I'm one
|> >of the dying breed that still thinks that AI is the search for ways
|> >to make computers think *like humans.*  I don't think I've ever
|> >heard anyone seriously claim that humans use fuzzy logic internally,
|> >although fuzzy logic does model certain aspects of human thinking
|> >fairly well.
|> 
|> I have to disagree with you here. Although humans do not use fuzzy logic in
|> the process of *thinking*, they do use it in the process of *thinking
|> about*. My point is that you are absolutely correct, if you say that neural
|> networks have not much in common with fuzzy logic. However, fuzzy logic is
|> a very good model for reasoning of humans.
|>  I always though that the main difference between a machine and a human was
|> the accuracy with which they work. Computers calculate with discrete
|> quantities, whereas humans use inaccurate (fuzzy) measurements.


For those interested, there is a nice interview with Prof L.A.Zadeh in which
he talks about AI v fuzzy in detail in

"Fuzzy Sets and Applications: selected papers by L.A.Zadeh" (eds R.R.Yager,
S.Ovchinnikov, R.M.Tong, H.T.Nguyen), John Wiley & Sons, 1987.

He echoes the sentiments expressed above. To quote the beginning of the
interview, "the tools researches use to probe certain AI problems, says
Berkeley professor, are too precise to deal with the "fuzziness" of the real
world."


|> Wim Jansen


--------
P.V.R. Narasimha Rao
From: dweddin@uoft02.utoledo.edu
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
Subject: NEED DATA!!!
Date: 2 Oct 92 11:40:08 EST
Organization: University of Toledo, Computer Services

HELP!!!!

our university's Citibase tape is corrupted and i can only
get half the data off of it. unfortunately, some of the stuff
i need is on the bad half. I don't have time to wait for the
problems to be fixed.

could anybody send me a data file in ASCII format the Gross
National Product or Gross Domestic Product data for the
United States from 1991 back to mid 1970's. we are using
it to forecast economic trends.

thanks.

don wedding
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
From: alfred@dec25.lnt.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de (Alfred_Nischwitz)
Subject: Preprint: IMPULSE EVALUATION BY MODEL NEURONS 
Keywords: synchronization, spike-input, IMPULSE EVALUATION
Organization:  Lehrstuhl fuer Nachrichtentechnik, Technische Universitaet Muenchen    
Date: Fri, 2 Oct 1992 14:50:27 GMT

The following paper is submitted for publication in the
proceedings of the International Joint Conference on 
Artificial Neural Networks '92 in Beijing, China:

             IMPULSE EVALUATION BY MODEL NEURONS

by  Alfred Nischwitz      Lehrstuhl fuer Nachrichtentechnik
                          Technische Universitaet Muenchen
                          Arcisstrasse 21, D-8000 Muenchen 2, Germany

ABSTRACT:

The integration of spike-input to model neurons is investigated.
The degree of synchronization of presynaptic impulses which is 
necessary for the triggering of postsynaptic action potentials
is derived analytically. It is shown that for small neural 
integration time constants accurate synchronization of the 
incoming impulses is essential for the propagation of the 
received impulses.


Hardcopies of the paper are available. Please send requests via
email or to the following address in Germany:

  Alfred Nischwitz
  Lehrstuhl fuer Nachrichtentechnik   
  Technische Universitaet Muenchen
  Arcisstrasse 21, D-8000 Muenchen 2, F.R.Germany
  email: alfred@lnt.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de

Alfred Nischwitz
From: erwin@trwacs.fp.trw.com (Harry Erwin)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
Subject: Re: INNS Ballots
Date: 1 Oct 92 16:39:00 GMT
Organization: TRW Systems Division, Fairfax VA

The INNS, like many other organizations is getting paranoid about
elections. The information on the outside of the envelope is used to
ensure that no one is able to stuff the ballot box. On counting day, they
usually hold a big meeting where the envelopes are checked against the
membership list. Then (and only then) are they opened and the ballots
separated. The envelopes are saved for a paper trail, and the ballots are
thoroughly mixed. Then they are counted. (I've been through this process,
obviously.)

I believe the current president of the INNS is Harold Szu. Paul Werbos is
the immediate past president. Walter Freeman (of Intentionality in
Hedgehogs fame) is running. The INNS is a bit of an old boy network, but
it seems to work, despite its mild feud with IEEE. At least it sponsors
good conferences.

Cheers,
-- 
Harry Erwin
Internet: erwin@trwacs.fp.trw.com

Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets,comp.ai,sci.engr.control
From: emily@azariah.tamu.edu (Emily Glass)
Subject: Re: Fuzzy logic references wanted
Keywords: fuzzy logic references
Organization: Texas A&M University, Dept. of Electrical Engineering
Date: Wed, 30 Sep 1992 15:51:23 GMT

In article <1992Sep28.161610.27642@til.til.com> erik@maui.til.com (Erik Horstkotte) writes:
>In article <25SEP199217235431@utrcv1>, ree@utrc.utc.com (Bob Erickson)
>writes:
>... They has been no formal RFD
>posted to news.groups, therefore there has been no CFV or vote. I'm
>pretty sure that a vote held at this time would fail, simply due to
>lack of traffic.  We only seem to get about 2-5 postings a day in
>comp.ai relating to fuzzy logic, which probably isn't enough to
>justify a separate newsgroup.

I disagree.  Why must the traffic be "heavy" to justify a news group? 
I don't have time to read 100's of news messages every day. (I only 
*want* to spend about 30 min/day reading news groups (1 hour max). ) 
The only part of the comp.ai group that I am really interested in at 
this time is the fuzzy topic; so it takes up my time to sort through 
the other stuff in this news group in hopes of finding a few fuzzy 
articles.  On my computer system, if I subscribe to a news group, *it 
tells me* when there are new messages.  Who cares if there are only 
2-5 per day! (I wouldn't even care if there were none on some days.) 
Also, there are some successful news groups that have very low flow,
such as comp.lang.eiffel. 

I think that the traffic would pick up once that a comp.fuzzy was formed.
Some people who are interested in fuzzy control don't subscribe to comp.ai,
because they don't want to take the time to sort through all the other ai 
stuff. 

It would also consolidate all of the fuzzy people from the various news
groups such as comp.ai, neural-nets, sci.engr.control (etc...).

There's my $.02 worth.

Emily Glass
From: prechelt@i41s14.ira.uka.de (Lutz Prechelt)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
Subject: changes to "FAQ in comp.ai.neural-nets" -- monthly posting
Supersedes: <nn.changes.posting_714968293@i41s14.ira.uka.de>
Followup-To: comp.ai.neural-nets
Date: 28 Sep 1992 03:20:21 GMT
Organization: University of Karlsruhe, Germany
Expires: 2 Nov 1992 03:18:07 GMT
Reply-To: prechelt@ira.uka.de (Lutz Prechelt)
NNTP-Posting-Host: i41s14.ira.uka.de
Keywords: modifications, new, additions, deletions
Originator: prechelt@i41s14

No differences encountered
-- 
Lutz Prechelt   (email: prechelt@ira.uka.de)            | Whenever you 
Institut fuer Programmstrukturen und Datenorganisation  | complicate things,
Universitaet Karlsruhe;  D-7500 Karlsruhe 1;  Germany   | they get
(Voice: ++49/721/608-4317, FAX: ++49/721/694092)        | less simple.
From: jang@diva.Berkeley.EDU (Jyh-Shing Roger Jang)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets,comp.ai,sci.engr.control
Subject: Re: Fuzzy logic references wanted
Date: 2 Oct 1992 17:22:57 GMT
Organization: /etc/organizaton
NNTP-Posting-Host: diva.berkeley.edu
Keywords: fuzzy logic references


Here at Berkeley we have more than 5 people working
on fuzzy and/or neuro-fuzzy areas and we would
be happy to see the "fuzzy" news group.
(Not counting Prof Zadeh since he is too busy to
read news! :-)

Roger Jang
jang@diva.berkeley.edu
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
From: cooper@oahu.cs.ucla.edu (Mark G. Cooper)
Subject: Fuzzy System Variable Independence
Organization: UCLA, Computer Science Department
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 92 17:47:55 GMT


Do the inputs to a fuzzy logic system (e.g. a fuzzy associative memory)
have to be independent or are there any situations where they have to be
independent?

Thanks,

Mark Cooper
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
From: arras@bfws46.forwiss.uni-erlangen.de (Mike Arras)
Subject: Re: Noisy backprop- references needed
Organization: FORWISS, Uni Erlangen, Germany
Distribution: usa
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 1992 18:12:51 GMT
Keywords: backprop, noise, simulation, generalization, references


In article <Bvoo1v.IIq@uxa.ecn.bgu.edu>, mgcbo@uxa.ecn.bgu.edu (Charles B. Owen) writes:
> ...
>However, the nearest minima may not be a good solution (training) of the
>network.  If it is a local minima, the network gets "stuck" and does not
>learn anymore.  Adding noise (and white noise is a bad choice, normal or
>gaussian is better), to the wieghts (and sometimes just the inputs,
>though that technique is more related to improved generalization) allows
>the training to escape from local minima.  One way to look at this is
>that the weights can now better explore the available weight space.  
> ...

	Would you please expand on why white noise is a "bad choice."
Thank you.
                                    __    __
Michael Arras                      /  \  |  |  Bavarian Research
arras@forwiss.uni-erlangen.de     /    \ |  |  Center for
Artificial Neural Network and    /  /\  \|  |  Knowledge-Based
Fuzzy Logic Research Group      |   __   |  |  Systems__________
Tel (09131) 691-211             |__|  |__|__|  
I speak for me, myself and I.   F O R W I S S  ERLANGEN * MUNICH * PASSAU
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets,comp.ai,sci.engr.control
From: parish@astro.as.utexas.edu (Tom Parish)
Subject: Re: Fuzzy logic references wanted
Followup-To: parish@cactus.org
Keywords: fuzzy logic references
Organization: Univ. of Texas McDonald Observatory
Date: Mon, 28 Sep 1992 13:21:54 GMT



m: Bob Erickson
 >Subject: Fuzzy logic references wanted 
 
>Sources for references, especially network archives with papers, etc.
>would especially be appreciated.  Also references to papers in journals,
>proceedings, etc.  I already have access to prceedings from FUZZ-IEEE '92.
 
  I will get a list together for you. Personally, I can't seem to find any
  ftp sites that have ANYTHING to do with fuzzy.  It's a bit frustrating.  
 
>Respond by email.  I'll summarize if there are responses and interest.
   
  Good, I'll look forward to this!
 
>Also: I've seen several postings mentioning the idea of a Fuzzy Logic
>news group. (e.g. comp.fuzzy_logic or comp.ai.fuzzy_logic ...?).
>Is/Was a proposal voted on?  Do you regard fuzzy_logic as part of AI? 
 
  If there isn't a movement to get a newgroup then there should be. 
  From the thousands of people who are mailing in response cards to 
  magazine articles on fuzzy logic in Computer Design, EETimes etc...
  it just seems like the time has come.  
 
  On fuzzy_logic being a part of AI?  Tough question. The more advanced
  aspects of fuzzy (ie. adaptive, fuzzy measure ...) could be consider
  AIish ... but I don't want to get into all that again.  I think
  there is enough interest in fuzzy_logic to warrant a dedicated area
  to exchange views, ideas and tips.  
                                                       
                                      Fuzzy             Crisp
                                 -            1.0 | True
                                   -           .9 |
  A P T R O N I X    I N C.          -         .7 |
The Fuzzy Logic Technology Co.         -       .5 |
                                         -     .3 |
TEL: 512-331-0813   parish@cactus.org      -   .1 |
FAX: 512-331-0841                            -  0 | False 
 

Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
From: masud cader <mcader@worldbank.org>
Subject: INFO NEEDED:  STORE Model
X-Xxdate: Tue, 6 Oct 92 18:33:35 GMT
Organization: worldbank.org
X-Useragent: Nuntius v1.1.1d10
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 1992 14:28:43 GMT

Has anyone worked with the STORE model of Carpenter and Grossberg (Per
IJCNN92 Baltimore publications)?  I am chiefly interested in the
performance of the model.  If anyone has implemented this model, I would
be most interested in discussing it.
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
From: kumar@syd.dit.CSIRO.AU (V.R.Kumar)
Subject: GA Public Domain S/Ws
Organization: CSIRO Division of Info Tech, Sydney, Australia
Date: Wed, 30 Sep 92 04:48:43 GMT

I am interested to have the ftp addresses where Genetic
Algorithm implementations (public domain) are available.

Thanks very much in advance.

Cheers,

V R Kumar

E-Mail : kumar@syd.dit.csiro.au


-- 
--------------------------------------------------------
   V.R.KUMAR, Knowledge-Based Systems Program
   CSIRO Division of Information Technology                         
   6 Giffnock Avenue, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia
From: William.Stevenson@p0.f20.n7101.z5.fidonet.org (William Stevenson)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
Subject: Fuzzy logic course of Univ New Mexico
Date: 29 Sep 92 21:00:00 GMT
Article-I.D.: catpe.2494.2AC9F02C
Organization: FidoNet node 5:7101/20.0 - Unisa Editorial, Pretoria


Is there anyone who has recently attended the Hands-on Fuzzy logic course
presented by University of New Mexico, and could comment on its good and
bad points.  E.g. could one persuade one's boss to fund it (at $795!).

Many thanks


William


--  
INTERNET: William.Stevenson@p0.f20.n7101.z5.fidonet.org
via:  THE CATALYST BBS in Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
       (catpe.alt.za)   +27-41-34-1122 HST or +27-41-34-2859, V32bis & HST.
From: overman@ssc-vax.uucp (Tim Overman)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
Subject: Mapping BP neural net decision regions.
Date: 5 Oct 92 21:04:42 GMT
Organization: Boeing Aerospace & Electronics
Originator: overman@ssc-vax


Is there a kind soul out there that can tell me if there is a closed form
solution to mapping out the decision region to a three layer feedforward
neural network. The net has 3 input, 3 hidden, and one output
neurons and has been trained accordingly. One could obtain scatter
plots from MontiCarlo simulations but it would be nice to be able to
predict the decision region boundaries based on some mathmatical
computation using the trained weights of the network.

Thanks,

Tim Overman
Automation and Robotics
Boeing Defense and Space Group
Seattle,WA
(206) 773-5850
overman@ssc-vax.UUCP
From: fzgabor@chip.ucdavis.edu (Andy Gabor)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
Subject: Re: Summary update II: wavelet digest
Date: 30 Sep 92 17:02:21 GMT
Organization: Dept. of Neurology, University of California, Davis

In article <17665@ucdavis.ucdavis.edu> fzgabor@chip.ucdavis.edu (Andy Gabor) writes:
>
>This is an update to the summary recently posted describing proceedure to
>subscribe to wavelet digest.  The reported address was
>'wavelet@math.scarolina.edu'.  I have tried to send mail to this address
>on two occasions and each time the mail was returned undelivered.  I have
>requested info. from postmaster but no response yet.  Sorry!  The archives
>of previously published digests is available at anonymous ftp site
>'maxwell.math.scarolina.edu' in directory '/pub/wavelet/archive' (confirmed).
>
>Will post if I get any smarter.
>
>Andy
>


On Wed, 30 Sep 1992, David Blackman wrote:
> 
> Try mailing to wavelet%math.scarolina.edu@milo.math.scarolina.edu
> 
> -- 
> David Blackman
> blackman@hodgkin.med.upenn.edu
> (215) 898-3553
> 

IT WORKED! IT WORKED!  

Within 5 minutes of posting I received confirmation of subscription and
the previously published digests.

I will advise the 'keepers' of wavelet digest about problem of access.

Thanks to everyone who responded and gave suggestions.  The prize goes to
David Blackman.

Andy

*******************************|
Andy Gabor                     |
Department of Neurology        |
University of California, Davis|
(email) ajgabor@ucdavis.edu    | 
*******************************|
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
From: mgcbo@uxa.ecn.bgu.edu (Charles B. Owen)
Subject: Re: Noisy backprop- references needed
Keywords: backprop, noise, simulation, generalization, references
Organization: Educational Computing Network
Distribution: usa
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 1992 04:49:07 GMT

Adding noise to Backpropagation model is very common.  The main reason
for adding noise is that the Backpropagation model is a deterministic
gradient descent technique.  The only stochastic element is the
selection of the initial weights.  Once started, BP will follow the
weight landscape to the nearest minima.

However, the nearest minima may not be a good solution (training) of the
network.  If it is a local minima, the network gets "stuck" and does not
learn anymore.  Adding noise (and white noise is a bad choice, normal or
gaussian is better), to the wieghts (and sometimes just the inputs,
though that technique is more related to improved generalization) allows
the training to escape from local minima.  One way to look at this is
that the weights can now better explore the available weight space.  

One paper I found to be pretty good is:

A. Von Lehman, E. G. Paek, P. F. Liao, A. Marrakchi, and J. S. Patel.
Factors Influencing Learning in Backpropagation.  In IEEE International
Conference on Neural Networks, (San Diego, CA, July, 1988).  I-335-341.

I have done work in this area myself, adding the technique of Simulated
Annealing to the process, producing a new model.  I have had best
results with Normal distribution noise and limits on wieghts.

Charles B. Owen

Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
From: elesrini@nuscc.nus.sg (SRINIVASAN (A/P))
Subject: CALL FOR PAPERS APEJ
Organization: National University of Singapore
Date: Sat, 3 Oct 1992 02:08:51 GMT


ASIA PACIFIC ENGINEERING JOURNAL Part A

The  ASIA  PACIFIC  ENGINEERING  JOURNAL  is  an  international  journal 
published  by  the National University of Singapore and  distributed  by 
World  Scientific  Publishing  Co..  Part A  is  devoted  to  Electrical 
Engineering. The first issue was published in September 1991. There  are 
FOUR issues every year each covering one of the following areas:

Microelectronics
Communications Engineering
Computer Engineering
Control and Automation

An  international  editorial board has been constituted for  each  area. 
The members of the board for Computer Engineering include 

R Chin (U Wisconsin)
B V Kumar (CMU)
B Liu (Princeton)
E S Kuh (UC Berkeley)
S Tsuji (Osaka).

The  next issue in Computer Engineering is scheduled for publication  in 
June  1993.  Tentatively, we would like this to be a  Special  Issue  on 
Neural Networks for Vision and Image Processing.

We  welcome contributions to this special issue. The paper  deadline  is 
December 31, 1992. 

You may obtain further details or indicate your interest in submitting a 
paper by e-mail to the issue editors ASAP.


Dr V Srinivasan ( elesrini@nusvm.bitnet OR elesrini@nuscc.nus.sg)
Dr SH Ong ( eleongsh@nusvm.bitnet )
Department of Electrical Engineering
National University of Singapore
Singapore

Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
From: speckman@peanuts.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de (Heike Speckmann)
Subject: Re: no, seriously: ART-2 code?
Organization: "Lehrstuhl fuer Technische Informatik, Uni Tuebingen"
Date: Mon, 5 Oct 92 08:32:56 GMT

I don't want to disappoint you but I ask the same question some weeks ago. Now
we are implementing our own version of ARTII and I know about a second 
implementation done by a student of Stuttgart. This implementation may be
available in SNNS version 2.2 or 2.3. 
The problem of implementing ARTII is the bad documentation of the real
algorithm by Grossberg. Maybe you email them. 

Heike


-- 
*****************************************************************************
Heike Speckmann                 | E-Mail: speckman@peanuts.informatik.
Universitaet Tuebingen          |               .uni-tuebingen.de
Lehrstuhl fuer  Techn. Info.    |
Sand 13                         | THE REAL GRISULINE, ALREADY JOINED THE
7400 Tuebingen                  |   FIRE BRIGADE
Germany                         |
*****************************************************************************
From: sietsma@latcs1.lat.oz.au (Jocelyn Sietsma Penington)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets
Subject: Re: Bayesian classifiers fail to separate ??
Date: 1 Oct 92 05:21:46 GMT
Organization: Comp Sci, La Trobe Uni, Australia

In article <1992Sep30.012635.9774@uxmail.ust.hk> jamesk@uxmail.ust.hk (Kwok Tin Yau) writes:
>Hi netters,
>
>  It is known that neural nets trained using the MSE error
>criterion can approximate the bayesian classifier in the 
>minimum mean-square sense. But it is also shown in "Gradient
>descent fails to separate" that such a minimum error solution
>does not necessarily separate a set of linearly separable
>vectors. However, bayesian classifiers are optimal in the
>number of correct classification, so, how to resolve this
>apparent contradiction ??
>
>-- 
>James Kwok                       |   The Hong Kong University of     |

The result in 'Gradient Descent fails to Separate' applies only if attainable
targets are used (eg 0.1 and 0.9 for sigmoids) and outputs which exceed these
targets on the "right" side are penalised.  If you use attainable targets
but set the error to zero if an output with target value 0.9 exceeds 0.9
or an output with target value 0.1 is less than 0.1, or alternatively if
you set errors of less than a certain non-zero magnitude to zero, then a
single-layer network learning by gradient descent will separate a linearly-
separable training set.
See 'Back Propagation Separates Where Perceptrons Do' by Sontag and Sussman,
Neural Networks Vol 4, No 2, pp243-249, 1991.
Or try Brady, Raghavan & Slawny's examples for yourself with any code that 
includes a step of the kind   If ABS(error) < 0.1 then error := 0
as most back-prop programs do, and you'll find they separate just fine.

Jocelyn
sietsma@latcs1.lat.oz.au
Xref: sparky comp.ai.neural-nets:3683 comp.ai:3679 sci.engr.control:101
From: farzin@apollo3.apollo3.ntt.JP (Farzin Mokhtarian)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.neural-nets,comp.ai,sci.engr.control
Subject: Re: Fuzzy logic references wanted
Date: 30 Sep 92 09:13:26 GMT
	<1992Sep29.115118@IASTATE.EDU>
Organization: none

In article <1992Sep29.115118@IASTATE.EDU> chu_c@IASTATE.EDU (Chao-Hsien Chu) writes:

 @I was on sabbatical leave from Iowa State to Univ. of Tsukuba, Japan
 @for a year. It was far surprised me that the development and use of
 @fuzzy set theory in Japan and other Asian countries such as Korea,
 @People Republic of China, Singpore etc. have been far ahead of other 
 @areas.  Almost every appliances  in Japan are fuzzy & Neural Control.
 @It is the time to form a group to promote this technology.  
   
Perhaps you are aware that the inventor (Prof. Lotfi Zadeh) is Iranian.
Unfortunately, it seems that may have had something to do with it.

 - Farzin Mokhtarian
   farzin@apollo3.ntt.jp