HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: lmdrsm@lmd.ericsson.se (Roar Smith)
Subject: BIND and port number(s)
Reply-To: lmdrsm@lmd.ericsson.se
Organization: L.M. Ericsson A/S
Date: Thu, 12 Nov 1992 12:06:00 GMT

Can anyone help me on this ?

Our Sun installation is connected to the world through a CISCO router
setup as a firewall. The firewall should keep out all unwanted traffic,
but I want it to allow mail connections and Domain Name Service
information to pass freely through the firewall.

If I only knew the protocol and port number(s) used by BIND, I would be
able to configure the firewall with this information - unfortunately I
cannot find this information.

So can anyone tell me:

	1. Which protocol (tcp, udp, ...) is used for interchanging
	   DNS information ?

	2. Which port number(s) is/are used for DNS information ?

Please respond by Email !

Eagerly awaiting your response,

           ######  Roar Smith, M.Sc.E.E.        ***  Organization:
          #        Coordination, UNIX Network   ***  L.M. Ericsson A/S
UNIX     #         Phone: +45 3388 3577         ***  Sluseholmen 8
    #   #          FAX:   +45 3388 3134         ***  DK-1790 Kobenhavn V
     # #           MEMO:  LMD.LMDRSM            ***  Denmark
      #            Email: lmdrsm@lmd.ericsson.se 
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
!   The System Managers ultimate goal is to make himself redundant.   !
!   Fortunately this is *not* possible in a UNIX(R) environment :-)   !
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
From: claborne@npg-sd.SanDiegoCA.NCR.COM (Chris Claborne)
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
Subject: SLIP from PC to Netblazer
Summary: slip from pc to Netblazer
Keywords: slip
Date: 12 Nov 92 05:56:49 GMT
Distribution: usa
Organization: NCR Corp., Network Products - San Diego

Has anyone use the Wollongong SLIP driver to connect to a Netblazer?  I am 
close but can't get it to wrok.  One possible problem is that I have to 
dial in to the Neblazer first something like Procomm and then exit without
hanging up the line then start the protocal up.  Can't get a ping.


                                    ...  __o
                                   ..   -\<,
chris.claborne@sandiegoca.ncr.com  ...(_)/(_).                 CI$: 76340.2422
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
From: eifrig@beanworld.cs.jhu.edu (Jonathan Eifrig)
Subject: Proper Method of Closing IP Sockets
Organization: The Johns Hopkins University CS Department
Date: Sat, 7 Nov 1992 03:44:06 GMT

	What is the proper method of closing a socket in order to release
the socket/port binding?  Under SunOS 4.1, my application closes its
descriptors and exists.  If I immediately execute it again, the bind fails
with errno EADDRINUSE.  Eventually, operating system figures out that
the old process is defunct, but I would like to do this properly.

	The server process just does the standard socket/bind/listen/accept
song-and-dance:

		sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
		sin.sin_port = htons(PORTNUM);
		sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_adder = INADDR_ANY;

		s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
		bind (s, &sin, sizeof(sin));
		listen(s,5);
		con = accept(s, &fsin, &conlen);

		/*  Fool around with the socket. */

		close(con);
		close(s);

		exit();

	What am I missing here?

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
Jack Eifrig (eifrig@cs.jhu.edu)       The Johns Hopkins University, C.S. Dept.
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
From: xsong@marcus.cs.umn.edu (Carol Xiaohui Song)
Subject: Need info on Chameleon TCP/IP software
Keywords: Chameleon, TCP/IP, Windows 3.x, Windows NT
Organization: University of Minnesota
Date: Mon, 9 Nov 1992 16:33:22 GMT


Hello there,

I have some questions about the Chameleon network software by NetManage Inc.
If you have experiences with any of the Chameleon software (e.g., 
TCP/Inconsistency Percentage appl. package, NFS, Chameleon32, NEWT-SDK,
RPC-SDK), I'd like to hear your opinions on the following:

- Chameleon TCP/IP application package (for Windows 3.x).
How do you like the applications it provides such as Telnet, FTP,
SMTP/Mail, etc?  For example, can you open multiple telnet sessions? when
you open an application like telnet, do you simply click on the icon?
Any features that you like/dislike in particular?

- Chameleon32 for Windows NT is the developer's release. Has anyone used it
already?  Is it good (adequate and efficient) for developing software that
makes use of TCP/IP?

- Is Chameleon TCP/IP software reliable? If you're using one, are you
satisfied with their tech support? (competence, efficiency of the technical
personnel)

- Anything I should know besides these?
The price tag on Chameleon is a little high. I'd like to hear from its users
before I decide to purchase the software.

I appreciate your help and am looking forward to hear your opinions!

Carol Song
--
Carol (Xiaohui) Song (xsong@cs.umn.edu)

"You know you've been spending too much time on the computer when your
friend misdates a check, and you suggest adding a "++" to fix it."
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
From: fsgreen@dredd.lerc.nasa.gov (Doug Greenwald)
Subject: Need Ethernet types/IP Frame and Header Formats
Originator: fsgreen@dredd
Organization: Institute for Computational Mechanics in Propulsion
Distribution: na
Date: Thu, 5 Nov 1992 21:24:24 GMT

Howdy,

I'm writing a small network analyzer to gather statistics.  I have most of the
IP protocols in Comer's book done but am having problems finding information
regarding a bunch of the ethernet types.  I'm seeing a LOT of ethernet types
that fall into the "experimental" range of RFC 1060 and am wondering if there
are any more complete lists of assigned numbers.  I need the type field of the
ethernet frame for general statistics gathering and would like the higher layer
protocol packet formats for completeness.

Any pointers to references or information you could shed would be appreciated.

For those interested in the program, I'm writing it for Sun workstations.  If
responses warrant (and the program doesn't turn into a load of crap), I'll 
make it available.


-- 
Doug Greenwald                       fsgreen@icomp01.lerc.nasa.gov
Sun System Administrator             (216) 433 5965
ICOMP, NASA Lewis Research Center
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
From: hofer@rchland.vnet.ibm.com (Kent Hofer)
Subject: Re: Proper Method of Closing IP Sockets
Date: Wed, 11 Nov 1992 19:20:03 GMT
Disclaimer: This posting represents the poster's views, not necessarily those of IBM
Organization: IBM Rochester

In article <1992Nov7.034406.19500@blaze.cs.jhu.edu>, eifrig@beanworld.cs.jhu.edu (Jonathan Eifrig) writes:
|> 	What is the proper method of closing a socket in order to release
|> the socket/port binding?  Under SunOS 4.1, my application closes its
|> descriptors and exists.  If I immediately execute it again, the bind fails
|> with errno EADDRINUSE.  

This isn't related to how you close the socket descriptor:
TCP doesn't allow you to re-use a port until (2 * Maximum segment life) time 
has passed.  The work around is to use the SO_REUSEADDR socket option.  Add that
to your sample program and you should be able to restart the server immediately
after killing it.  It tells the TCP stack to allow a bind during this "close 
 wait" state.
- 
Kent Hofer             hofer@rchland.vnet.ibm.com
(my opinions are my own and have nothing to do with my employer)

Xref: sparky comp.protocols.tcp-ip:5099 comp.dcom.lans.ethernet:2431
From: barnett@grymoire.crd.ge.com (Bruce Barnett)
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip,comp.dcom.lans.ethernet
Subject: Wanted: Advice on calculating timing gaps between packets.
Date: 9 Nov 92 16:27:47 GMT
Reply-To: barnett@crdgw1.ge.com
Organization: GE Corp. R & D, Schenectady, NY


I am analyzing the timing between packets during several large file
transfers (it's a medical network). We are going to check the accuracy
of our network simulation with real data. (Novel concept, huh?)

Does anyone have advice on calculating the time between each packet?
(Assuming we are looking at packets during a file transfer going from
A to B only).  We are using tcpdump and a SPARC (typically a SPARC 2).
I am not sure I am using the best formula.

I know the SPARC 2 has a 1 ms clock. The timestamp that tcpdump
provides is actually the time the SPARC making the measurement
received the packet, right? If Ethernet transmits at 10Mb/second, or
10,000,000/8 MB/sec, then each byte should take 1/(10000000/8)
seconds. Therefore the time the packet was first received on the
measurement system would be:

	$start_time = $receive_time-(1/(10,000,000/8))*$size_of_packet;

I am trying to measure the time between the end of one packet and the
start of the next packet.

If the system started to send a packet, and there was a collision, so
it had to back off and retransmit, typically how much difference would
the measurement machine see?

I realize that there is a propagation delay down the wire. Is there
some other factors I should be taking into consideration?


--
Bruce Barnett <barnett@crd.ge.com> uunet!crdgw1!barnett
From: dank@cco.caltech.edu (Daniel R. Kegel)
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
Subject: Re: Hippi
Date: 10 Nov 1992 21:38:05 GMT
Organization: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
NNTP-Posting-Host: punisher.caltech.edu
Keywords: parallel performance

g91m1969@alpha.ru.ac.za (Thabo Mosala) writes:
>I would like to get hold of the new developed standards for High Performance
>Parallel Interface (Hippi) or where can I get information on the subject ?

A search with Archie reveals:
Host bruno.cs.colorado.edu
    Location: /pub/cs/doc/hippi
           FILE -rw-r--r--     748905  Apr 18 00:00  hippi-ph_8.1.ps
	   etc.
These are the full protocol definition documents, it seems.

- Dan Kegel
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
From: gsu0033@uxa.ecn.bgu.edu (Eric Molas)
Subject: FAQ LIST
Summary: just looking ....
Keywords: FAQ
Organization: Educational Computing Network
Date: Tue, 10 Nov 1992 00:28:40 GMT

Is there a FAQ and could someone post it for this group? 


		thanks,  


				Eric Bruno Molas\

...grate .sig  ...
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
From: vances@xenitec.on.ca (Vance Shipley)
Subject: LocalTalk -> KA9Q ?
Organization: SwitchView Inc., Waterloo, Ontario
Date: Sun, 08 Nov 1992 18:29:22 GMT
Keywords: TOPS KA9Q MAC LocalTalk

I have a couple subnets of a 10BaseT network connected with a KA9Q router.
I also have a small LocalTalk network, a couple TOPS cards and some MAC TCP
software.  I have found LocalTalk packet drivers and a version of KA9Q NOS
which is supposed to support them.

So, can I put the TOPS card in the KA9Q and have MAC users Telnet into hosts
attached to the 10BaseT subnets on the other side?  The packet driver software
for the TOPS cards suggests that I need a "gator box" to act as a gateway.
Can the KA9Q do this?

Thanks in advance for your help.

-- 
Vance Shipley 
vances@xenitec.on.ca         vances@switchview.com         vances@ltg.uucp
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
From: mac@unison.com (Michael A. Casteel)
Subject: Looking for PC network trace software
Summary: Is there PC software to dump Ethernet packets?
Date: Fri, 6 Nov 1992 21:17:02 GMT
Organization: Unison-Tymlabs

On the odd occasion when I'm really puzzled over a network
application problem, tcpdump or etherfind would be nice. But,
I don't have either of those on my HP-UX; seems more like a
good PC application anyway. Is there a PC version of Ethernet
trace software available for ftp?

Thanks.
-- 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Mike Casteel                      Unison Tymlabs
mac@unison.com    		  675 Almanor Ave., Sunnyvale, CA
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Xref: sparky comp.protocols.tcp-ip:5125 comp.sys.sgi:16251
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip,comp.sys.sgi
Subject: NNStat for SGI Irix 4.0.5F anyone?
From: amoss@shuldig.cs.huji.ac.il (Amos Shapira)
Date: 7 Nov 92 22:33:50
Distribution: world
Organization: Inst. of Comp. Sci., Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
NNTP-Posting-Host: shuldig.cs.huji.ac.il

Hello,

The latest version of the NNStat programme (a programme to gather statistics
about Internet usage) I could find is dated March 15, 1991.  And it doesn't
support SGI Irix.  Did anyone port it to the Irix?

Just asking before I waste my time on this...

Thanks for any answers,
--
--Amos Shapira (Jumper Extraordinaire)
C.S. System Group, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
amoss@cs.huji.ac.il
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip,comp.protocols.nfs,comp.unix.ultrix
From: ss@panix.com (Steve Steinberg)
Subject: Need PCNFSD for DEC Ultrix
Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1992 03:08:11 GMT
Organization: PANIX Public Access Unix, NYC

Can someone point me to PCNFSD for ultrix?  Preferebly one that would
work under miscd.  This would be for PC/TCP's Idrive.

Thanks!
-- 
=====================================================================
=== Steve Steinberg   ==  ss@panix.com  == {cmcl2,apple}!panix!ss ===

              (The space below intentionally left blank)           
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip,comp.protocols.ibm,comp.os.msdos.apps
From: dan@dribble.c-mols.siu.edu (Dan Ellison)
Subject: print redirector for DOS to remote lpr?
Organization: Southern Illinois University - Carbondale, IL (SIU-C)
Distribution: na
Date: Wed, 11 Nov 1992 23:25:35 GMT

Greetings all.  I am interested in getting ahold of a print redirector
that will capture the standard LPTn interrupt and redirect the output
to a remote lpr server.  Does anyone know of such a critter?  Any
help greatly appreciated and thanks.


PS:  public domain is preferred but commercial may also be
acceptable.

--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
| Dan Ellison, Network Spec 	  -    	Computing Affairs, SIU-C 	| 
| Southern Illinois University 	  - 	Carbondale, IL 62901            |   
| FAX:      (618) 453-3459        -   	PHONE:    (618) 453-6149 	|
From: tm8t+@andrew.cmu.edu (Tod McQuillin)
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
Subject: Re: SLIP connection to XYPLEX on modem
Date: 6 Nov 92 17:46:54 GMT
Article-I.D.: andrew.Qeynki600XQDMLNpJ4
Organization: Carnegie Mellon, Pittsburgh, PA

bill@solaria (Bill Neisius) writes:
> OK, I give up. 
> 
>			... but when I connect a modem, all I get on the
> remote machine is 'bad IP checksum' or 'can't open connection, timeout'.
>
> [...]
> 
> I can see 'ping' packets arrive at the PC, but something is missing
> 'cause they generate 'bad IP checksum' in TELBIN.  If I try to open
> a connection, I get a 'timeout' almost immediately... 
> 
> So what's the deal?  Flow control?  The XYPLEX has only 8 wires in its
> serial connection, so you get DCD/DTR or CTS/RTS, but not both. Does
> SLIP work with XON/XOFF?  well...I guess so, cause it works with the
> ISBN 'modem'....

SLIP *does not* work with XON/XOFF flow control.  IP is a binary
protocol, and if I want to send you a packet full of XOFF's, you had
better be prepared to accept it.  If your modems are set up to respond
to XON/XOFF flow control, then SLIP will not work for you -- that's
all there is to it.

Since you said you were using error-correcting modems (and presumably
data-compression as well), this implies your throughput is not the
same as the DTE data rate.  So you will need some form of flow
control, unless you're prepared to suffer from severe data lossage
which will cause all kinds of TCP retransmits and make most udp
applications unhappy as well.  From the description of your equipment,
you need to use RTS/CTS flow control.
From: ddl@burrhus.harvard.edu (Dan Lanciani)
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
Subject: Re: Detecting Dropped Sockets (Why is this hard on PC's?)
Date: 13 Nov 92 03:37:19 GMT
Distribution: na
Organization: Harvard University, Cambridge, MA

In article <921112165655@cream.ftp.com>, jbvb@vax.ftp.com  (James B. VanBokkelen) writes:
| In article <49191@shamash.cdc.com> gsa@easyaspi.udev.cdc.com (gary s anderson) writes:
| 
|     I don't disagree with your statements, however, I was curious about
|     the systems you execute on.  Specifically, when a process is
|     terminated, what happens to the open file descriptors?  Aren't they
|     typically "closed"?  Doesn't TCP typically map this into a "normal
|     connection close"?
| 
| This is one of the places where attempts to "make network connections look
| just like files" start to get rocky.  The "close on termination" happens
| because 1) close is an operation that already exists, thus it's easy,
| 2) close is most likely to preserve data and abet debugging, and 3)
| close is necessary for overall filesystem consistency.  There are many
| times I've wished I could find out "file closed during program abort"
| from a directory listing, but OS designers haven't gotten that far.  TCP
| can (and in my opinion, should) be more informative.

	Curiously enough, the old 2.9BSD (aka 4.1c) networking code
went to some lengths to get an indication of whether a socket was
closed explicitly by the process.  As I recall, this involved a
new argument to the internal kernel closef() function and, of course,
changes to every call to said function.  The argument was passed
as true when the process actually called close() and false when
closef() was invoked as part of exit handling.  (It may not have been
completely obvious which way things went on an implicit close caused
by, e.g., dup2(). :)
	After all this bother, the tcp/ip code did very little with
the information.  I don't remember whether this was because of a
real bug or because of a ``fix'' to correct problems caused by
doing something extreme like sending RST.  The original intent
was almost certainly to prevent processes from getting hung in
an exiting state, rather than to inform the peer that something
funny had happened.  In any case, the code disappeared long before
4.3BSD but at least it has been tried...

				Dan Lanciani
				ddl@harvard.*
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
From: dank@blacks.jpl.nasa.gov (Daniel R. Kegel)
Subject: Should connect() block after setting NDELAY?
Organization: Image Analysis Systems Group, JPL
Date: Thu, 5 Nov 1992 20:19:41 GMT


Hi all,
I'm writing an application that opens sockets to many servers in parallel
before sending out a query to each server (also in parallel).  It sets
the sockets into nonblocking mode before the connect() as follows:
	int flags;
    #ifdef USE_FIONBIO
	flags=1;
	netioctl(qp->fds, FIONBIO, (char *)&flags);
    #else
	flags = fcntl(qp->fds, F_GETFL, 0);
    #ifdef USE_O_NDELAY
	flags |= O_NDELAY;
    #else
	flags |= FNDELAY;
    #endif
	fcntl(qp->fds, F_SETFL, &flags);
    #endif
The problem is, under SunOS 4.1.1, connect() then blocks until a 
accept, reject, or defer response comes back from the server.
This can take several seconds if the Internet is being slow.
The local Sun guy was able to see this in the source code, but does not
consider it a bug.  What do you all think- is it reasonable for connect()
to block for several seconds when the socket is supposedly in nonblocking
mode?
- Dan Kegel (dank@blacks.jpl.nasa.gov)
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
Subject: TCP Error Control Question
From: maclean@ctt.bellcore.com (Andrew MacLean)
Date: 3 Nov 92 14:20:52 GMT
Followup-To: maclean@ctt.bellcore.com
Organization: Bellcore

I have some questions on TCP error control.
For common TCP implementations (e.g. SUN):

 - Do we have a retransmission timer for each transmitted 
   segment or one timer for the whole window?

 - What happens when the retransmission timer expire? and
   how it is set and reset?

 - Does the receiver accept out-of-sequence segments as 
   long as they fit within the receive window? and what
   is the maximum (receive) window size?

Any references would help.

 
Thanks

-- 

Andy 
________________________
maclean@ctt.bellcore.com   
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
From: nigel@cnw01.storesys.coles.oz.au (Nigel Harwood)
Subject: TCP over X.25 TELNET performance
Summary: performance very bad
Keywords: TCP X.25 TELNET
Organization: Coles Supermarkets
Date: Fri, 6 Nov 1992 01:40:19 GMT

I have recently started using TCP over X.25 with the WIN-TCP product.
When using TELNET to log into a remote system using a 2400BPS line
performance is very bad, especially for what I enter locally at the
keyboard.  This is obviously because a whole packet is being constructed
for each character I type.

So, before I enter into a long and drawn out experimentation session has
anyone dealt with this problem already?  Perhaps, combinations of local
echo, buffering, line mode etc would acheive better through put?

Any help appreciated.

Regards
-- 
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<  Nigel Harwood  >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
<< Post:  Coles Supermarkets, PO Box 480 Glen Iris 3146, Australia >>
<< Phone: +61 3 829 6090  E-mail: nigel@cnw01.storesys.coles.oz.au >>
<<   FAX: +61 3 829 6886                                           >>
From: martin@datacomm.ucc.okstate.edu (Martin McCormick)
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
Subject: Bootleggers
Date: 6 Nov 92 01:58:54 GMT
Organization: Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK


We have the occasional problem of people, for whatever reason, choosing an
IP number and getting on our network.  Since IP numbers are as free as the
air and about as easy to get, there is no good reason for somebody to do 
this.  Does anybody know of anything that one can do to, essentially, make
life miserable for these bootleggers?  Needless to say, I don't want to
do anything that would disrupt the network for decent folks who are going
about their business, but I truly want to discourage people from this practice
since it has the potential for causing some systems to crash if somebody
picks a duplicate number.  Since the same things that could be used to
torment a bootlegger could be misused to disrupt anybody, maybe you should
just E-mail me.  Thank you.

Martin McCormick WB5AGZ   Stillwater, OK
O.S.U. Computer Center Data Communications Group
From: rol@grasp1.univ-lyon1.fr (Paul Rolland)
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
Subject: Re: Need help with write to a socket
Date: 9 Nov 92 11:06:25 GMT
Followup-To: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
Organization: Apple Computer Europe

In article <40016@unix.SRI.COM>, ric@updike.sri.com (Richard Steinberger)
wrote:
> 
> 
> 	I have been porting a TCP/IP client from C to C++ on a Sun
> running SunOS 4.1.2.  The server ported fine but there is an annoying
> bug with the client:  When I write to a socket using code I lifted

> In other words, it's as if the program exit process forces a flush of the
> socket that had been taking place with each write when it was running under
> C.  This is hard for me to understand.  Does anyone have any ideas?  Thanks
> in advance.
> 
Well, this is just an idea, but are you sure the bug is not located in the
read in the server code ? This read may be a blocking one, waiting for
a given number of bytes, and as long as it has not received what is
requested,
it waits. But, when you stop the client (and then closed the connection),
the
server returns from the read and then you have the impression that it is
OK..

In fact, you should have give us more precisely the reference of the
program
you are using from the book, so that it is possible to have a look at it
and help you a bit more. But i hope this helps !

Paul Rolland, rol@grasp1.univ-lyon1.fr
---

--------------------- DISCLAIMER -------------------

All the opinions I express in this posting are mine, but I'm
ready to share them with anybody interested :-)
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
From: sjs@netcom.com (Stephen Schow)
Subject: TCP/IP C Libraries for Macintosh?
Organization: Netcom - Online Communication Services  (408 241-9760 guest) 
Date: Tue, 10 Nov 1992 23:21:43 GMT

Anyone know where I can get information about TCP/IP programming in C on 
the Mac and especially any libraries that exist.

Thanks in advance
-- 
------------------------------------------------------------------
Steve Schow    | But you don't have to use the claw, if you
sjs@netcom.com | pick the pear with the big paw paw......
               | Have I given you a clue......?
               |                       - Baloo the Bear
------------------------------------------------------------------