HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: bjl@loki.research.ptt.nl (Ben Lippolt)
Subject: Re: Back at ya! (Was: Bows and arrows in different cultures)
Reply-To: B.J.Lippolt@research.ptt.nl
Organization: PTT Research
Date: Fri, 28 Aug 1992 19:59:50 GMT

eset08@castle.ed.ac.uk (J Strobridge) writes:
>monaghan@carson.u.washington.edu (Tracy Monaghan) writes:

>>In article <1992Aug19.163230.25830@europa.asd.contel.com> shick@europa.asd.contel.com (steve hick) writes:
>>>Curious about related topics - when did the bow & arrow first occur & out of 
>>>what othr technology did it develop?  The arrow is pretty straight-forward, 
>>

>To the best of my recollection a bow was found in the Somerset levels
>(U.K.) excavation when John Coles (?) was working there.    There was a
>reproduction of it in the British Museum - may even still be there.   
>I'm not sure of the date - at a guess I would say 2,500BC but this may
>be overestimating.

According to Weapons [D.Harding (ed), 1980] a bow dating back to 6000BC 
was found in Holmegaard, Danmark. The same source states that cave 
paintings from 5000-10000 BC show hunters (and warriors, e.g. Castellon, Spain)
with bows and arrows. I have read somewhere (but can't remember the source) 
that bows were probably invented between 15000 and 10000 BC. 

>>Along this line (and a little more seriously), is there archeological
>>evidence of the use/development of the boomerang outside of Australia?

>I'm sure the Egyptians used throwing sticks - but they were straight not
>curved.     I wonder if there are any hunting pictures on the
>Mesopotamian seal boxes?   

According to the Brittanica (and also Weapons) boomerang-type weapons were
used outside Australia. I'm not sure if they were of the returning type.
The Brittanica says that nonreturning, boomerang-shaped, weapons were
used by the ancient Egyptians, by Indians of California and Arizona, and
in southern India.


Ben Lippolt.
Newsgroups: sci.archaeology
From: einhorn@apsicc.aps.edu (The Einhorn Family)
Subject: predictive modeling
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 92 03:53:00 GMT
Organization: Albuquerque Public Schools - Career Enrichment Center
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41    


Hello

I am to become the computer guru for a group using GRASS, the
public domain GIS developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers
to develop an predictive model for archaeolgical sites on Kirtland
AFB at Albuquerque, NM.

In addition to pointers to the literature on predictive modeling, can
you suggest some general reading.  Last time I did any real reading 
on archaeolgy was in a undergraduate antropology class around 25 years
ago.

What kind of resolution would be required in a digital image to
"see" a midden heap?

Thanks,
Drew Einhorn
einhorn@apsicc.aps.edu

Newsgroups: sci.archaeology
From: jwindley%asylum.cs.utah.edu@cs.utah.edu (Jay Windley)
Subject: Re: Back at ya! (Was: Bows and arrows in different cultures)
Date: 31 Aug 92 12:48:39 MDT
Organization: University of Utah CS Dept

In article <bjl.715031990@freyr> B.J.Lippolt@research.ptt.nl writes:
>According to the Brittanica (and also Weapons) boomerang-type weapons were
>used outside Australia. I'm not sure if they were of the returning type.
>The Brittanica says that nonreturning, boomerang-shaped, weapons were
>used by the ancient Egyptians, by Indians of California and Arizona, and
>in southern India.

I recall reading that Australian hunting-style boomerangs were not the
returning type, and that the familiar returning types were intended
for amusement.  This makes sense to me.  I can't imagine throwing a
return boomerang accurately enough to kill something at any
appreciable range.
--------------------------------+---------------------------------------
Jay Windley                     | jwindley@asylum.cs.utah.edu
Department of Computer Science  +---------------------------------------
Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City   | Does the name Pavlov ring a bell?
From: medusa@ac.dal.ca
Newsgroups: sci.archaeology
Subject: FIRST FISHNETS AND SINKERS IN EASTERN N. AMERICA
Date: 3 Sep 92 21:53:49 -0300
Organization: Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

I have recently come across an account by a late fourteenth century
fisherman from the Shetland or Orkney Islands about his travels in
the "new world".  He claims that he and some other fishermen were
washed ashore in an as yet undiscovered land (N. America?) and
held hostage for many, many years by natives.  He said the principle
reason for them being kept captive by numerous chiefs was their
knowledge about making and using large fishing nets of the type 
that were then used by Shetland/Orkney fisherman and were unknowmn
among the people who held them captive.  Each time these fishermen
were kidnapped from one tribe to another they were forced to show
the natives how to construct and use these nets.  This fisherman
wrote of natives far to the south who built pyramids, temples and
very large cities and were cannibals.  Could this refer to the 
AZtecs, or other similar civilizations in the four corners of the
southern U.S.?  This man claims to have eventually escaped from the
natives and made his way to a land visited by European fishermen
(Newfounland?) who took him back to the Orkney Islands where
he told his story to Prince Henry Sinclair of Scotland and the
Orkney and Shetland Islands.  The record of this fisherman's
story was recorded around the 1390's by an Venetian Captain Zeno
who was in the service of Sinclair.  Now can anyone tell me what
the approximate date for the apperarnace of large fishing nets,
sinkers and floaters in the North American eastern seaboard is?
Does it confirm what the fisherman said, about introducing these
devices into this area around the late 1300's.  Can can someone
suggest some references where I can look up the subject of 
fish nets, sinkers and floaters in the eastern U.S.  and Can.
in an archaeological context.  Thanks in advance, Susan
Newsgroups: sci.archaeology
From: vincent@reg.triumf.ca (pete)
Subject: Re: Back at ya! (Was: Bows and arrows in different cultures)
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41    
Organization: dept. of theophysics and cosmogyny
Date: Sun, 30 Aug 1992 12:19:00 GMT

In article <bjl.715031990@freyr>, B.J.Lippolt@research.ptt.nl writes...
>eset08@castle.ed.ac.uk (J Strobridge) writes:
> 
>>>In article <1992Aug19.163230.25830@europa.asd.contel.com> 
>>>shick@europa.asd.contel.com (steve hick) writes:
>>>>Curious about related topics - 
>>>>when did the bow & arrow first occur & out of 
>>>>what othr technology did it develop?  The arrow is pretty straight-forward, 
> 
>>To the best of my recollection a bow was found in the Somerset levels
>>(U.K.) excavation when John Coles (?) was working there.    There was a
>>reproduction of it in the British Museum - may even still be there.   
>>I'm not sure of the date - at a guess I would say 2,500BC but this may
>>be overestimating.
> 
>According to Weapons [D.Harding (ed), 1980] a bow dating back to 6000BC 
>was found in Holmegaard, Danmark. The same source states that cave 
>paintings from 5000-10000 BC show hunters (and warriors, e.g. Castellon, Spain)
>with bows and arrows. I have read somewhere (but can't remember the source) 
>that bows were probably invented between 15000 and 10000 BC. 

A survey article appeared in Sci. Am., June, '91, on the history
of archery; it mentions both the above finds, gives a date of 
2690 BC +/- 120yr for the Somerset bow. It also mentions the 
discovery of projectile points dating back to 28000 BC, which
are typical of arrow heads, but the points themselves do not
reveal their actual means of propulsion. Further, it mentions
arrows found at Stellmoor, near Hamburg, Germany, and dated to
~9000 BC . These are asserted to have been used with bows.
This is the earliest firm evidence they offer.The authors indicate 
that dates proposed for the first use of the bow range as far back 
as 35000 BC.

==========================================================================
Speeding arrow, sharp and narrow,                          Pete Vincent
What a lot of fleeting matters you have spurned
From: miliu@sdcc13.ucsd.edu (zaphod beeblebrox)
Newsgroups: sci.archaeology
Subject: Re: Request for help: data capture
Keywords: data capture, PC
Date: 4 Sep 92 07:27:38 GMT
Organization: University of California, San Diego

In article <1992Sep4.015327.26413@galileo.cc.rochester.edu> scls_ss@uhura.cc.rochester.edu (Eric Scoles) writes:
>In <1992Aug31.143743.3875@vbohub.vbo.dec.com> buchanan@heron.enet.dec.com (Andrew Buchanan) writes:
>>	(1) works using a PC, perhaps laptop.   They will be working from a
>>	(2) good, easy word processor
>>	(3) integrated transparently with database
>>	(4) (the ambitious bit, but to my mind a key requirement) the ability
>>to draw sketches of a region, or a site, and for there to be hot spots one can
>>click on to enter (or get access to) data about a particular feature.   Some
>>kind of Paintbox technology, plus the hot spots facility would save an awful
>>lot of mind-numbingly dull text descriptions.
>
>My personal approach would be to go for the cheapest robust system they can
>afford.  If durability is the chief goal, look at GriD and their ilk;

For an IBM-compat., I would suggest looking into the Compudyne
notebooks, from CompUSA.  They are only about 1.6" thick, weigh
around 5 or 6 pounds with battery, has a built-in trackball, 80M HD,
and the 386SL25 processor with cache.  The prices have been dropping
and they are very competetive in price and performance compared to
other notebooks.

>If you can wait long enough for those new Kittyhawk drives from HP to start
					   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^	
What are those supposed to be like?

>The only software platform I would explicitly recommend staying away from
>(and I'm sure I'll catch hell for this 8-) ) is Mac.  Too much baggage.  (I
>same token ....)  Macs are just nto good at dealing with text -- for
>example, there's no simple way to just view the contents of a file on a
>Mac.  (All my own Humble Opinions, of course.)
>
It is easy to view files on a Mac; just click on the file icon.
There is a program for the Mac that enables anybody to easily
program use of a mouse to easily do things.  It has little boxes to
click on that you can place, name, and link to various commands.  i
don't know if it can be overlayed onto a drawing or not.  i also
can't recall the name of the program.  Does too much baggage mean
taking too much HD space?  If so, then my next suggestion also has
too much baggage.  Windows comes with a paint program and text
editor.  You can also clip and copy anything from one program to
another.  You might be able to do (4) with Toolbook for Windows, but
I'm not sure.  What may be easier to do is to draw the map with
numbers placed at strategic places and the description next to the
matching number in a text document.  Plain, but simple to implement.
Just have the map and text files done, and then use utilities to
view them (to avoid accidentally changing data).  You can switch
between the map and the text under Windows because it multitasks
(actually, I tend to think of it as an overglorified task switcher
with print spooler).

			Zaphod
Newsgroups: sci.archaeology
From: JLOCK00@RICEVM1.RICE.EDU (Joseph L. Lockett)
Subject: The Early Church: Female Priests & Same-Sex Unions?
Organization: Rice University  
Date: Mon, 31 Aug 1992 06:34:06 GMT

     A note to all concerned or outraged: I am NOT interested in
discussing these topics, just in finding the references.  So don't
even try it.
 
     Now, to my question:  I seem to recall reading a newspaper
article a year or so ago about a team of archaeologists researching
the early Christian church.  A lot of their work involved examining
old murals, and so forth -- pictorial artifacts more than text.
But one of their conclusions was that women had served as priests
in the early (presumably, pre-Augustine) church, though perhaps
"only until enough men were available".
 
     Perhaps in the same article, or perhaps elsewhere, was a mention
of the discovery (in the Greek colonies in Asia Minor, I think) of a
blessing or other ceremony relating to a same-sex union, which might
even have predated heterosexual marriage rites.
 
     I'm equally prepared to learn that this was a piece of overextended,
baseless archaeology, or an interesting find usually under-reported for
obvious reasons.  Again, NO flames on the topic, just useful references
on the information, please. :-)  This is for a debate elsewhere, and my
files don't seem to have swallowed this tidbit of information, so I'd
appreciate any help the net.folk can provide.
 
     Replies via email preferred.  Thanks again for your help.
 
Joseph L. Lockett
jlock00@ricevm1.rice.edu
From: eset08@castle.ed.ac.uk (J Strobridge)
Newsgroups: sci.archaeology
Subject: Re: Back at ya! (Was: Bows and arrows in different cultures)
Date: 27 Aug 92 18:11:21 GMT
Organization: Edinburgh University

monaghan@carson.u.washington.edu (Tracy Monaghan) writes:

>In article <1992Aug19.163230.25830@europa.asd.contel.com> shick@europa.asd.contel.com (steve hick) writes:
>>Curious about related topics - when did the bow & arrow first occur & out of 
>>what othr technology did it develop?  The arrow is pretty straight-forward, 
>

To the best of my recollection a bow was found in the Somerset levels
(U.K.) excavation when John Coles (?) was working there.    There was a
reproduction of it in the British Museum - may even still be there.   
I'm not sure of the date - at a guess I would say 2,500BC but this may
be overestimating.



>Along this line (and a little more seriously), is there archeological
>evidence of the use/development of the boomerang outside of Australia?

I'm sure the Egyptians used throwing sticks - but they were straight not
curved.     I wonder if there are any hunting pictures on the
Mesopotamian seal boxes?   

And do the Spanish/French cave paintings show hunters with bows and
arrows?   I sure some do and that would suggest a very early date.



jill
From: jgj@ssd.csd.harris.com (Jeff Jackson)
Newsgroups: sci.archaeology
Subject: Re: The Early Church: Female Priests & Same-Sex Unions?
Date: 1 Sep 92 15:29:40 GMT
Organization: I would rather be windsurfing.
In-reply-to: JLOCK00@RICEVM1.RICE.EDU's message of 31 Aug 92 06:34:06 GMT


> I seem to recall reading a newspaper article a year or so ago about
> team of archaeologists researching the early Christian church.  A
> lot of their work involved examining old murals, and so forth --
> pictorial artifacts more than text.  But one of their conclusions was
> that women had served as priests in the early (presumably,
> pre-Augustine) church, though perhaps "only until enough men were
> available".
> 
>     Perhaps in the same article, or perhaps elsewhere, was a mention
> of the discovery (in the Greek colonies in Asia Minor, I think) of a
> blessing or other ceremony relating to a same-sex union, which might
> even have predated heterosexual marriage rites.
>
> I'm equally prepared to learn that this was a piece of overextended,
> baseless archaeology, or an interesting find usually under-reported
> for obvious reasons.

I would not be surprised to find such practices amonst some of the
Gnostic groups.  Amongst them, you can find two extremes: total
asceticism and total lasciviousness; both based on the same
principles: that the material world is total evil and that our true
nature is spiritual and is imprisoned in the material world.
Knowledge (Gnosis) of this fact freed our fragment of the spiritual
light from the material world so we could return to the Pleroma after
death.  Some denied the material (evil) world and lived ascetic lives,
others denied what we did here mattered and sort of lived by the "do
what thou wilt" sort of principle.  For centuries, all we knew about
the Gnostics was what was written by Orthodox Christianity about them
(eg, Irenius _Against_All_Heresy_).  In the mid-1940's, a set of
codexes of their writings was found at Nag Hammadi (pardon my
spelling, I don't have the book with me at work).  Hope this helps.


--
============================================================================
Jeffrey Glen Jackson  _|_Satan jeered, "You're dead meat Jesus, I'm gonna
jgj@ssd.csd.harris.com |     bust you up tonight."
x5120                  | Jesus said, "Go ahead, make my day."
                   ~~~~~~~~~ -- Carman, "The Champion"
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
	Politically, I am neither conservative nor liberal --
		     I think for myself instead.
From: gflowers@eng.auburn.edu (George T Flowers)
Subject: Re: CFD code
Reply-To: gflowers@eng.auburn.edu
Organization: Auburn University Engineering
Date: Wed, 26 Aug 1992 18:31:11 GMT
From: skip@taygeta.oc.nps.navy.mil (Skip Carter)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.fluids
Subject: AGU abstract style
Date: 3 Sep 92 16:14:08 GMT
Reply-To: skip@taygeta.oc.nps.navy.mil (Skip Carter)


	Does anybody out there have a (La)TeX style file for
	AGU abstracts ?

-- 
 Everett (Skip) Carter             Phone:  408-646-3318 FAX: 408-646-2712
 Naval Postgraduate School         INTERNET: skip@taygeta.oc.nps.navy.mil
 Dept. of Oceanography, Code OC/CR  UUCP:     ...!uunet!taygeta!skip
 Monterey, CA. 93943               TELEMAIL: s.carter/omnet
From: jtien@venice.eng.uci.edu (Joe Tien)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.fluids
Subject: info on CFD benchmark programs
Date: 3 Sep 92 21:00:08 GMT
Reply-To: jtien@venice.eng.uci.edu (Joe Tien)
Organization: University of California, Irvine


Hello everyone,

Does anyone know where and how I can get some information on some CFD benchmark
programs I have. I need to know what equations they implement and what kind of
inputs and outputs I should have.

The programs are: unriems.xx, crale.xx, line.xx and nav.70xx.

Please email to jtien@balboa.eng.uci.edu

Thanks much,

Joe Tien
Newsgroups: sci.geo.fluids
From: chuck@petro3.b17b.ingr.com (chuck woodbury)
Subject: MODFLOW & MODPATH Data
Keywords: ground water models
Organization: "Mapping Sciences Division, Intergraph Corp, Huntsville AL"
Date: Mon, 31 Aug 1992 13:57:32 GMT

I am currently testing Intergraph's interfaces to the USGS ground water
modeling systems ModFlow and ModPath.  We are in need of some sample field
data.  If you have some data we can use, please let me know.

Thanks,

Chuck Woodbury
Earth Sciences Certification and Support
Intergraph Corporation
Huntsville, Al
From: tcsmith@cdmg-hq.UUCP (Ted Smith)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: California Fault Map     
Date: Tue, 01 Sep 92 11:09:07 PDT
X-Maildoor: WaflineMail 1.00r

From the State of California, Department of Conservation:

August 31, 1992
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

         FIRST QUAKE MAP OF LANDERS/BIG BEAR QUAKE PUBLISHED
         ---------------------------------------------------

Sacramento -- The first and only map which includes recent fault
activity from the Landers/Big Bear eartquake was released today by the
California Department of Conservation.

The map is a vital tool for public and private planners to decide where
and how to develop areas safely.

"The Department of Conservation is committed to improving the safety of
California with the most up-to-date scientific information," said Ed
Heidig, California Director of Conservation.

"We can rebuild a better California with this `roadmap'," Heidig said.
"Californians _can_ live with their state's geology through proper
planning."

In 1987, the Department of Conservation mapped fault rupture zones in
Yucca Valley.  These maps predicted 80 percent of the ruptures created
by the June 28, 1992 earthquakes -- in one case, preventing an
elementary school from being built on the area which ruptured.

"Programs like this not only increase awareness of seismic history of
California, but also remind the public about the need for earthquake
preparedness," said Yucca Valley Assemblyman Paul Woodruff, R-Redlands.

There is unprecedented interest in the new Department of Conservation
map because it includes all known earthquake faults and seismic activity
in the history of California.

The large, color-coded wall map shows faults superimposed on a map of
California's landscape, cities, and most small towns.  An accompanying
text gives information on the fault age, level of fault activity and
other details.

Edward G. Heidig was appointed by Governor Pete Wilson in February 1991
to ensure the conservation and prudent use of California's land, energy
and mineral resources.

To order "Preliminary Fault Activity Map of California," send a check or
money order for fifteen dollars to:

    Department of Conservation
    Division of Mines and Geology
    P.O. Box 2980
    Sacramento, CA 95812-2980

PRESS: Contact Pam Morris at 916-445-0623

                    -----------------------------

INTERNET users please note:

This item will be available for over-the-counter sales about September
11.  Orders by mail only, at this time, please.
---
 * SLMR 2.1a #T163 * When the going gets tough, upgrade.
From: lush@en.ecn.purdue.edu (Gregory B Lush)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: earthquakes
Date: 2 Sep 92 18:28:57 GMT
Organization: Purdue University Engineering Computer Network

Any word on recent earthquakes on the West Coast and in
Nicaragua?  Thanks.

Greg
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: hough@seismo.gps.caltech.edu (Susan Hough)
Subject: Re: S wave vel from Rayleigh vel
Organization: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
Date: Tue, 1 Sep 1992 16:49:34 GMT

In article <1992Aug27.185800.4196@scubed.com> scatter@s3mercury.scubed.com writes:
>In article <14589@mindlink.bc.ca>, Graham_Parkinson@mindlink.bc.ca (Graham Parkinson) writes:
>|> Has anyone gotten practical experience with deriving
>|> soil properties from the Rayleigh wave velocities?
>
>Yes.  See reference
>"Shallow Shear Wave Velocity and Q Structures at the El Centro Strong
>Motion Accelerograph Array", T. G. Barker and J. L. Stevens,
>Geophysical Research Letters, Vol 10, #9, 853-856.

K. Aki's PhD thesis was on array measurements of ambient noise--under
the assumption that ambient noise consists of randomly propagating surface
waves & that each period is associated with a single velocity, it is possible
to interpret array measurements of noise for dispersion estimates that
can in turn be interpretted for shear wave structure.  The original publications
are somewhat hard to find, but I've worked with the method in collaboration
with Italian colleagues and we have a publication out--

Hough, S.E., L. Seeber, A. Rovelli, L. Malagnini, S. DeCesare, G. Selveggi,
and A. Lerner-Lam, "Ambient noise and weak motion excitation of sediment
resonaces:  Results from the Tiber Valley, Itally", Bulletin of the
Seismological Society of America, 82, 1186-1205.  1992.


We have a second paper in preparation that gave us even better results
with the method--a clear dispersion that can be interpretted for velocity
structure down to hundreds of meters.  We even had confirmation of our
shallow results from an independent borehole study, but we were told that
we couldn't publish those data. 


Sue Hough
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: jahern@geohub.gcn.uoknor.edu (Jud Ahern)
Subject: Earthquake Location Program
Originator: usenet@essex.ecn.uoknor.edu
Date: Wed, 2 Sep 1992 14:26:51 GMT
Reply-To: jahern@geohub.gcn.uoknor.edu
Organization: School of Geology and Geophysics, University of Oklahoma

I am looking for an earthquake location program which takes into
account velocity anisotropy. I have heard that the USGS uses some-
thing called IPOLE 77 (??). Any clues where I might FTP it or
otherwise obtain it? I would like something that would run
on (or compile on) an IBM PC compatible.

Thanks for reading...

+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Jud Ahern KC5RI               Bitnet: jahern@uokgcn.bitnet         |
| Geology & Geophysics        Internet: jahern@geohub.gcn.uoknor.edu |
| University of Oklahoma  "Opinions expressed here reflect the entire|     
| Norman, OK  73019        University, in one convenient location."  |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology