Newsgroups: bit.listserv.c18-l
Date:         Mon, 11 Jan 1993 00:55:59 -0500
From:         BCJ@PSUVM.BITNET
Subject:      C18-L's KALENDAR (Reasons to celebrate, January 11-17)

*********************************************************************
*                                                                   *
*             THE KALENDAR - REASONS TO CELEBRATE                   *
*                                                                   *
*             Compiled for C18-L by Kevin Berland                   *
*                       BCJ@PSUVM.BITNET                            *
*                       BCJ@psuvm.psu.edu                           *
*********************************************************************
                           JANUARY 11

   BIRTHDAYS:  Francesco Mazzola, Italian mannerist painter known as Il
Parmigiano (1503-40);  Henry Howard, Duke of Norfolk, English statesman,
host, of whom E. Browne, son of Sir Thomas, told his diary after the
Restoration, "I dined with Mr. Howard, where we drank out of pure gold,
and had music all the while, with the like, answerable to the grandeur of so
noble a person." The next night Howard held a banquet: "His gates were
open'd, and such a number of people flock'd in, that all the beer they could
set out in the streets could not divert the stream of the multitudes, till very
late at night" (1654);  Alexander Hamilton, US statesman (1755-1804)

   LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST; Ezra Cornell, US capitalist,
philanthropist, founder of the University that (not surprisingly) bears his
name (1807-94);  Jean Gilbert Fialin Persigny, French statesman, diplomat
(1808-72);  Sir John A. Macdonald, Canadian statesman, 1st PM,  a man
reputedly fond of a drop of spirits, but nonetheless a grand man altogether
(1815-91);  Eugenio Maria De Hostos, Puerto Rican teacher, philosopher &
patriot (1839-1903);  William James, US philosopher, founder of Pragmatism,
psychologist, teacher, brother to Henry (1842-1910);  George Nathaniel
Curzon, BAron and Marquis Curzon of Kedleston, English statesman,
viceroy of India (1859-1925);  Harry Gordon Selfridge, English merchant,
founder of the eponymous London store & partner in Chicago's Marshall
Field & Co. (1864-1947);  Alexander Stirling Calder, US sculptor, inventor of
the mobile and the stabile (1870); Alice Paul, US feminist, lawyer (1885-1977);
Bernard De Voto, US novelist, historian, editor of Saturday Review, critic
(1897-1955);  Alan Stewart Paton, South African novelist,[Cry, the Beloved
Country] and political activist (1903);  Manfred B. Lee, US pulp mystery
writer, co-author with his cousin Frederic Dannay of more than 40 Ellery
Queen novels, which sold more than 100 million copies by the end of the
fifties (1905-82);  Pierre Mendes-France, French economist, statesman,
Premier (1907-82);  Zenko Suzuki, Japanese statesman, PM  (1911);

   DEATHS:  Sir Hans Sloane (1753);  Francois Roubillac (1762); Domenico
Cimerosa (1801); Freidrich Schlegel (1829);

   ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1569, the 1st lottery in England was held
at the west door of St. Paul's;

   MISCELLANEA:  Today is Proclamation of the Republic Day (1946);  Chad
celebrates Independence Day (although Chad achieved independence on
August 11, 1960, the celebration is held in January to avoid the August rainy
season); it's National Unity Day in Nepal, a celebration dedicated to King
Prithvinarayan, Shah 1773-75, the founder of Nepal, the only Hindu
kingdom in the world); Puerto Rico celebrates De Hostos' Birthday.  Today
is Plough Monday, the 1st Monday after 12th Day, formerly a country
festival in England.  On this day in 1940, Sergei Prokofiev's ballet Romeo
and Juliet opened in Leningrad.

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                            JANUARY 12:

   BIRTHDAYS:  Jan Baptist von Helmont, Belgian physician, chemist,
physiologist (1580-1644);  Jusepe Ribera, Spanish painter (1588); Charles
Perrault, French writer best known for his fairy tales (1628-1703); Edmund
Burke, Anglo-Irish philosopher, orator, parliamentarian (1729-97); Lazzaro
Spallanzani, Italian physiologist who disproved theory of spontaneous
generation (1729-99);  John Hancock, US Revolutionary leader, man with a
big signature on Declaration of Independence, governor of Massachusetts
(1737-93);  Johann Pestalozzi, Swiss educator, reformer (1746-1827);  Jacob
Michael Reinhold Lenz, German poet, dramatist, critic, & disciple of Goethe
(1751-92);

   LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Ferdinand II, King of the Two
Sicilies 1830-59 (1810-59) ; Thomas Moran, US painter (1837);  Joseph
Jacques Joffre, French general (1852-1931);  John Singer Sargent, US
painter (1856-1925);  Sir Charles Oman, English military historian (1860-1946);
Frank Gerber, US baby-food king (1873-1952);  Jack London, US novelist,
sailor, hobo, goldminer, philosopher of primitive violence & natural
selection (1876-1916);  Joe E. Lewis, US comedian -- "I always wake up at
the crack of ice" (1902-71);  Woodward Maurice "Tex" Ritter, US cowboy
songwriter, singer, actor, pa to John (1907-74);  Jose Arcadio Limon,
Mexican-born US dancer, choreographer (1908-72);
James Farmer, US civil rights activist, founder of Congress for Racial
Equality (1920); Bernardine Rae Dohrn, US radical, leader of the 1960s SDS
splinter group the Weathermen [named for the Bob Dylan line, "You don't
need a weatherman to know which way the wind blows"], missing since 1970
(1942);  Arlo Guthrie, US folk-singer, poet, social reformer, story-teller,
environmentalist, & son of Woody Guthrie (1947);  John Walker. New
Zealand Olympic runner (1952);

   DEATHS:  Duke of Alva (1583);  Johann Caspar Lavater (1801);

   ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:   in 1701, protestant Switzerland adopted the
Gregorian calendar;  in 1773 the 1st North American museum was
established in Charleston, North Carolina;  in 1777, the Mission de Santa
Clara de Asis in California was founded;  in 1816 the Buonaparte family was
banished from France in perpetuity;

MISCELLANEA:  Today is Zanzibar Revolution Day.  On this day  in 1907
Ravel's Histoires Naturelles premiered in Paris, 1907);

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                              JANUARY 13:

   BIRTHDAYS:  Jan van Goyen, Dutch painter (1596);  Charles James Fox,
English statesman (1748);  Friedrich Muller (or Maler), German poet,
painter, & engraver (1749-1825);

   LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Gavarni, French printmaker
(1804);  Horatio Alger, US rags-to-riches formula novelist, of whom George
Juergens once observed, "Horatio Alger wrote the same novel 135 times
and never lost his audience" (1834);  Francis Everett Townsend, US
physician, social reformer, originator of Old-Age pensions (1867-1960);
Ross Granville Harrison, US zoologist (1870-1959);  Sophia Abuza, better
known as Sophie Tucker, US singer & vaudville star, who once
pronounced: "From birth to age 18, a girl needs good parents, from 18 to 35
she needs good looks, from 35 to 55 she needs cash"; she gave the world
one good piece of advice from experience: "Keep breathing" (1884-1966);
Carl Alfred Fuller, US manufacturer, the original Fuller Brush Man
(18851973);  Katherine Gibbs, better known as Kay Francis, US actress
(1905-68);  Sir Brian Barrat Boyes, New Zealand cardiac surgeon (1924);
Gwyneth Evelyn "Gwen" Verdon, US dancer, actress (1925);  Charles
Nelson Reilly, US comic actor (1931);

   DEATHS:  George Fox (1690);  Dr. James McKnight (1800);  Earl of Eldon
(1838);

   ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1695, Jonathan Swift was ordained as an
Anglican priest and appointed to the tiny Irish parish of Kilroot;

   MISCELLANEA:  Today is New Year's Day (Old Style)Today is St.
Hilary's Day, which in England, and especially at Cambridge University,
marks the beginning of Hilary Term.  In Ghana it's Redemption Day
(commemorating the military coup of 1972);  Norway celebrates
Tyvendedagen, the end of Yuletide;  likewise, in Sweden it's Knute's Day,
the end of the Christmas season; in the US, it's Stephen Foster Day
(officially commemorating the death of the composer of popular romantic
songs of the South.  On this day in 1898, Georges Clemenceau printed
Zola's open letter to the French Republic concerning the Dreyfus Affair in
L'Aurore under the title "J'accuse!";  in 1904, Bela Bartok's Kossuth was first
performed in Budapest;

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                            JANUARY 14:

   BIRTHDAYS:  William Whipple, American revolutionary leader & signer
of the Declaration of Independence (1730-85);  Benedict Arnold, American
Revolutionary War general & traitor -- or British patriot, depending on
your point of view (1741-1801);  Prince Adam Czartoryski (1770)

   LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:;  Jan Rudolf de Thorbecke, Dutch
statesman, premier (1806-72);  Matthew Fontaine Maury, US oceanographer
& meteorologist (1806-73);  Henri Fantin-Latour, French painter (1836);
Berthe Morisot, French impressionist painter (1841-95);  Albert Schweitzer,
Alsatian physician, missionary, philosopher, musician, 1952 Nobel Peace
Prize (1875-1965);  Hendrik Van Loon, Dutch-born US popular historian
(1882-1944);  Hugh Lofting, English  author of the Dr. Doolittle books (1886-
1947);  Hal Roach, US film director (1892);  John Dos Passos, US novelist,
author of USA, an experimental novel that really works, appropriating film
& newsreel techniques -- montage -- among other things (1896-1970);  Cecil
Walter Hardy Beaton, English photographer & designer (1904-1980);
Takeo Fukeda, Japanese politician, PM, (1905);  William Bendix, US star of
the silver screen (1906-64);  Giulio Andreotti, Italian journalist, editor, PM
(1919);  Kinitake Hiraoka, better known as Yukio Mishima, Japanese author
author of the Sea of Fertility  Tetralogy (very powerful stuff, this), exponent
of the Divine Wind, Japanese traditionalist (1925-70);  Thomas Tryon, US
novelist (1926);  Lorettea Webb, better known as Loretta Lynn, coal-miner's
daughter & country music superstar (1932);  Julian Bond, African-American
poet, politician, commentator (1940);

   DEATHS:  Edward, Lord Bruce (1610);  Dr. John Boyse (1643);  Madame
de Sevigne (1696);  Edmund Halley (1742);  Bishop George Berkeley
(1753)'

   ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1604, the Hampton Court Conference
began to discuss Puritan requests for changes in the Church of England; in
1616, banns for marriage of Judith Shakespeare (Will's daughter) & Thomas
Quiney posted at Holy Trinity Church, Stratford; in 1639, the document
known as the Fundamental Orders ofg Connecticut was ratified;  in 1784 the
Continental Congress ratified the Treaty of Paris;  in 1797, Napoleon
Bonaparte's army defeated Austrians at Rivoli;

  MISCELLANEA:  Today is the Feast of St. Sava, patron of Serbia, and the
Feast of St. Mungo (aka Kentigern), patron of Glasgow.  Today is also the
Feast of the Ass, a Christian holiday formerly celebrated on January 14 to
commemorate the Flight into Egypt.  It's Mallard Day at All Souls, Oxford.
On this day in 1858,  in Paris, Orsini attempted to assassinate Napoleon III
with an "infernal machine";  in 1922 the Irish Free State was established;

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                            JANUARY 15:

   BIRTHDAYS:  Philip Livingston, US merchant, patriot, signer of
Declaration Independence (1716-78);  Richard Hurd, English critic, essayist,
Bishop of Worcester (1719-20);  Dr. Samuel Parr, English man of letters,
eccentric (1747);  Dr. John Aikin, English author of Letters from a Father to
his Son (1747);  Talma, French tragedian (1763-1826);

   LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  William Prout, English chemist,
discoverer of the presence of hydrochloric acid in the human
stomach (1785-1850);  Ferdinand Waldmuller, Austrian painter (1793);
Aleksandr Sergeivich Griboedov, Russian poet, satirist & playwright (1795-
1829);  Thomas Crofton Croker, Irish author (1798);  Pierre Proudhon,
French socialist, philosopher, author of the dictum "Property is theft," called
the Father of Anarchism (1809-65); Peter Christian Asbjornsen, Norwegian
folklorist (1812-85);  Frances B. Johnson, US photographer (1864);  Nathan
Soderblom, Swedish theologian, 1930 Nobel Peace Prize (1866-1931); Lewis
Madison Terman, US psychologist, inventor of the I.Q. Test (1877-1956);
Osip Mandelstam, Russian poet, husband to Russian poet Nazezhda
Mandelstam (1891);  Goodman Ace, US humorist who once said, "The best
cure for hypochondria is to forget about your body and get interested in
some one else's" (1899-1982);  Saud, King of Saudi Arabia from 1953 until
deposed in 1964 by Crown Prince Faisal (1902-69);  Edward Teller,
Hungarian-born US physicist, the H-Bomb's papa (1908);  Gene Krupa,
magic-fingered US big band drummer (1909-73); Leonid Lantorovich,
Russian mathematician & economisy (1912);  Joao Baptista de Oliveira
Figueiredo, Brazilian statesman, president (1918); Gamel Abdul Nasser,
Egyptian statesman, President of Egypt & United Arab Republic (1918-70);
Charles Edward Anderson "Chuck" Berry, African-American poet, guitar
wizard, rock & roll innovator, fashion plate, duckwalker, role model, pride
of St. Louis, star, "Too much monkey business!" (1926);  Martin Luther King
Jr., African-American minister, civil rights leader, 1964 Nobel Peace,
murdered April 4, 1968 -- "I have a dream..." (1929-68);  (Angela Maxine)
Margaret O'Brien, US actress (1937);

   DEATHS:  Paolo Sarpi (1623);  Sir Philip Warwick (1683);

   ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1622, Moliere (Jean-Baptiste
Poquelin) was baptized at Paris; in 1733, Pope's Epistle to Bathurst was 1st
published;  in 1752, Tobias Smollet published (anonymously) his attack on
Henry Fielding, _Habakkuk Hilding_, in which he charged Fielding with
plagiarism;  in 1759, the British Museum opened in London;

   MISCELLANEA:  Today is Adults' Day in Japan, and Arbor Day in Jordan.
It's the Feast of St. Paul the hermit, patron of weavers and workers in the
clothing industry.  On this day in 1844, the University of Notre Dame was
founded in South Bend, Indiana;  in 1859 the National Portrait Gallery
opened in London;  in 1895, Tchiakovsky's Swan Lake premiered;  in 1972,
Margrethe II was proclaimed Queen of Denmark;  in 1973, US President
Nixon halted all offensive military operations against North Vietnam (1973);

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                            JANUARY 16:

   BIRTHDAYS:  Richard Savage, English poet, companion of Samuel
Johnson, who wrote an apologetic Life of Savage (1697-1743);  Count
Vittorio Alfieri, Italian poet and nationalist (1749-1803);  Samuel McIntire, US
architect & woodcarver (1757-1811);

   LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Andre Michelin, French
industrialist, inventor of the pneumatic tire (1853-1931);  Robert W. Service,
Canadian poet of the frozen north (1874-1958);  Fulgencio Batista y
Zaldivar, Cuban dictator overthrown in 1959 by Fidel Castro (1901-73);
Ethel Zimmerman, better known minus the Zim as Ethel Merman, US singer,
comedian, the "First Lady of American Musical Comedy" (1909-84);
Eduardo Frei, Chilean politician, president (1911-82);  Jerome "Dizzy"
Dean, US baseball player & broadcaster (1909-74);  Marilyn Horne, US
operatic mezzo-soprano (1934);

   DEATHS:  Edmund Spenser (1599);  Edward Gibbon (1794);  Sir John
Moore (1809);

   ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1734, Pope's Epistle to Cobham was
published; in 1749 the Great Bottle Hoax or Bubble of London took place;
in 1756, England & Prussia signed the Treaty of Westminster;

   MISCELLANEA:  Today is Martyr's Day in Benin.

*************************************************************************
                            JANUARY 17:

   BIRTHDAYS:  Leonhard Fuchs, German botanist for whom the lovely
fuschia is named (1501-66);  Pedro Calderon de la Barca, Spanish priest,
poet, dramatist, author of more than 120 comedies, bless him (1600-81);
Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Baron Fairfax, English parliamentary commander
during civil war (1612-71);  Bernard de Montfaucon, French antiquary
(1655-1741);  Peeter van Bloemen, Flemish painter (1657);  Archibald
Bower, historian (1686);  Laurent Delvaux, Flemish sculptor (1696);  Ben
Franklin, US printer. philosopher, inventor of stoves, postal systems, and
bifocals, writer, founding father, diplomat, entrepreneur, friend to mice, bon
vivant , whose biographer Carl Van Doren called him "an harmonious
human multitude," and who once wrote (among many other good things):
"There is no kind of dishonesty into which otherwise good people more
easily and frequently fall than that of defrauding the government."  How far
away is April 15? (1706-90);  George, Lord Lyttelton, English historian &
poet (1709);  Stanislas II, last king of independent Poland (1732-98);  Victor
Alfieri, Italian poet (1759);  J.C.W.G. Mozart (1756);  Sir James Hall, Scottish
scientist, founder of experimental geology (1761-1832)

   LATER BIRTHDAYS OF INTEREST:  Anne Bronte, English poet &
novelist (1820-49);  Eugene Carriere, French painter (1849); Anton
Pavlovich Chekhov, Russian playwright, short-story writer (1860-1904);
Douglas Hyde, the Fair Branch -- An Craoibhin Aoibhinn -- Irish scholar,
statesman, 1st president of Ireland, nonsectarian -- buried in St. Patrick's,
Dublin, not far from Swift (1860-1949);  David Lloyd George, British
statesman & PM -- All together now: sing "Lloyd George knew my father,
father knew Lloyd George" to the tune of Onward Christian Soldiers (1863-
1945);  Carl Laemmle, German-born US cinematographer, founder of
Universal Pictures & producer of 1st full-length photoplay (1867-1939);
Mack Sennet, Canadian film comedian & producer of 1st American feature-
length comedy, inventor of the Keystone Kops, prime promoter of early
career of Charlie Chaplin, W.C. Fields, & Buster Keaton (1880); Nevil
Shute Norway, better known without the last name, English-born Australian
novelist (1899-1960);  Al[phonse] "Scarface" Capone, US gangster (1899-
1947);  Luis Echeverria Alvarez, Mexican leader, president (1922);  Moira
Shearer, lovely Scottish ballerina (1926);  James Earl Jones, African-
American actor, possessed of one of the grandest voices on big or small
screen (1931);  Shari Hurwitz, better known as Shari Lewis, US
ventriloquist, puppeteer, tv personality (1934);

   DEATHS:  John Ray (1705);  Bishop Horne (1792);

   ON THIS DAY IN HISTORY:  in 1536, Rabelais was absolved of apostasy
by Pope Paul III & allowed to go back to work as a physician (1536);  in
1701, Thomas Shadwell's adaptation of Timon of Athens was first performed
at Drury Lane;  in 1781 Daniel Morgan's sharpshooters defeated the British
at Cowpens, South Carolina.

   MISCELLANEA::  Today is the feast of St. Anthony the Abbot, patron of
Italy, brushmakers, butchers cemetery workers, and domestic animals.  On
this day in 1904, Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard opened (on his 44th
birthday) at the Moscow Art Theatre;  in 1919, Ignace Paderewski became
Premier of Poland, the 1st musician to become head of state in modern
times;
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU