From: HQ.GGG@forsythe.stanford.edu (hq.ggg)
Subject: TCP News
Organization: Stanford University, California, USA
Distribution: net
Date: Sun, 6 Sep 1992 06:15:32 GMT

FORWARDED BY TRH@MCIMAIL.COM................
 ____________________________ ___________________________
|                            |                           |
| TURKISH CULTURAL PROGRAM   |       ORIENT EXPRESS      |
|   Saturdays at 5:00 PM     |   3rd Saturdays at 6:00 PM|
|KUSF FM 90.3, SAN FRANCISCO |   KKUP FM 91.5,  CUPERTINO|
|____________________________|___________________________|

              e-mail address: TRH@mcimail.com

>>>>>>>>>> ANNOUNCEMENTS


***               Rafael Ilyasof in Concert
        Music Director of the Tataristan Radio and TV

                   Old Kazan Turkish Songs

                Burlingame Recreation Center
                   Saturday, September 26
                          2:00 P.M

                     850 Burlingame Ave
                        Burlingame CA

                Tickets Available at the door
       Tel: 344-6386 (information for directions only)

*** DONATE TO THE RED CRESCENT (KIZILAY) BOSNIA-HERZOGOVINA
    FUND

    The Red Crescent is soliciting donations to help the
    victims of the war in Bosnia-Herzogovina. Your donations
    can be made through Ziraat Bank

    Ask Ziraat Bank to forward your donations to the
    following account:
        Kizilay Subesi
        Hesap No: 30440/30336
        Ziraat Bank's New York address
        330 Madison Avenue (32nd Floor)
        New York, NY 10017
        Tel (212) 557 5612

>>>>>>>>>> UNDERWRITERS

***    The Turkish American Association of California, a
       cultural organization. For more information about
       their activities call them at: (415) 923-0562.

***    Ali's, with its Moroccan and Middle-Eastern cousine,
       acclaimed by the San Francisco Chronicle as 1 of the
       top 20 restaurants in the Bay Area, is underwriting
       this segment of the Turkish  Cultural Program.

       Ali's has entertainment every night, and on Friday
       and Saturday evenings features Mimi and Vince with
       Turkishand Middle-Eastern Music. Also banquet and
       private rooms are available for such occasions as
       wedding receptions.

       385 Colusa Ave. Kensington, California 94707   510
       526 1500

>>>>>>>>>> ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

 ***   UNIQUE DESIGNS FOR YOUR DREAM MANSION.
       We'll design your home wherever you desire in North
       America including Canada and Mexico. Photographs of
       works available. G'LUSH AND ASSOCIATES,
       1-408-379-4919. Turkce konusulur.
       Farsi sohbet me konem.

 *** PROGRAMIN SONUNA DOGRU SU ANONSLARI YAP:

     Tune in next week at 5:00 P.M. to the Turkish Cultural
     Program.
     Also do not forget to listen to the Azerbaijani Program
     at 2:00 P.M.
     Tune to KKUP FM 91.5 for the Orient Express on Sep 19
     at 6:00 P.M.

     Tune to KPFA FM 94.1 every third Tuesday at 20:00 for
     Music from Africa-Asia, hosted by Kutay Kugay.


------------------------------------------------------------

    The following news is collected from various news
    sources. None of them are written by the TRH volunteers
    except those that has "TRH" after the date. Murat Erder
    and Murat Sonmez have translated the news items from
    a daily summary of Turkish papers we get here in
    California. Our radio broadcasts usually include all of
    the articles from Turkish papers and/or some of the
    articles that follow the Turkish papers section.

_____________________________________________________________

TURKEY SUPPORTS PRESERVATION OF IRAQ'S LAND UNITY
    09/03/92, MILLIYET--  As the United States and its
allies began the flight ban in southern Iraq, a high level
summit took place in Ankara with opposition leaders in Iraq.
Turkish president Ozal met northern Iraqi Kurdish leaders,
Turkmen party general secretary, shiite and sunni muslim
leaders.  Ozal indicated Ankara's desire to preserve the
unity of Iraqi land.

TURKEY AND IRAN IN SEARCH OF A DIALOGUE
    09/03/92, CUMHURIYET--  Interior minister Ismet Sezgin
is expected to discuss the Kurdish terrorist activities
originating from the Turkish Iranian border, during his
visit to Teheran in September.  Border security is also
among the issues expected to be discussed.

AROUND THE CLOCK MILITARY OPERATIONS AGAINST PKK CONTINUE
    09/02/92, TERCUMAN--  Paratroopers have landed behind
the Kurdish Marxist Party (PKK) - a Kurdish terrorist
organization - training camps in northern Iraq.  The
operation, supported by Turkish jets and tanks ended without
any loss of life in the Turkish military forces.  The
operation caused severe casualties to the PKK.

INTENSE DIPLOMATIC TRAFFIC EXPECTED IN SEPTEMBER FOR ANKARA
    09/02/92, MEYDAN--  The intense diplomatic traffic which
took place in Ankara during the summer months due to the
breakup of the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia is expected to
continue in September.
    Prime minister Suleyman Demirel will visit Iran and
Pakistan in addition to some Persian Gulf countries.
Malaysian King and foreign ministers of New Zealand and the
Netherlands visited the Turkish capital.
    Ankara will also try hard to defend its theses in the
international platforms as the leader of European Council
ministers group as well as the leader of the Islamic
Cooperation Association.

OPERATIONS AGAINST PKK IMPACTS TURKISH IRANIAN RELATIONS
    09/02/92, HURRIYET--  Following the Turkish military
operation against the PKK terrorists within Iran caused
several critical moments for Turkish Iranian relations.
    Iranian deputy foreign minister called Turkish
ambassador for a meeting, while Iran's deputy ambassador to
Ankara paid a visit to Turkish foreign ministry.
    These events have been interpreted as a protest on
Iran's part.  Turkish foreign ministry spokesperson however
denied the interpretations, and said Iran offered
cooperation against terrorism.

ARMENIAN MILITANTS MURDER 24 AZERBAIJANI REFUGEES
    09/02/92, GUNAYDIN--  Armenian militants murdered 24
refugees escaping from the fighting in Azerbeijan.  The
refugees, all of whom were children, women and elderly
people were killed without any questioning.

TURKEY AND RUSSIA CELEBRATE 500 YEARS OF DIPLOMATIC
RELATIONS
    09/02/92, MILLIYET--  Turkish and Russian private sector
companies organised several exhibitions and other events in
Moscow for a week to celebrate 500 years of Turkish-Russian
diplomatic relations.

TURKISH TROOPS CHASE KURDISH TERRORISTS 4 KM INSIDE IRAN
    09/01/92, HURRIYET--  Turkish troops chased Kurdish
terrorists 4 km inside the Iranian border.
    63 dead bodies of Kurdish militants were picked up
during the operation.  Kurdish terrorists were retreating to
a border camp following an attack in Turkey where 43
militants were killed.
    In Bingol district, 4 soldiers were murdered by Kurdish
militants.  6 militants were killed during a separate attack
in the same area.
    In Diyarbakir, Kurdish militants set Shell petroleum
tanks afire.  Kurdish militants also attacked two trains,
derailing one and firing at the other by rockets.

TURKEY WARNS NORTHERN IRAQI LEADERS AGAINST SUPPORT FOR
KURDISH TERRORIST ATTACKS
    09/01/92, CUMHURIYET-- Turkish government warned the
northern Iraqi Kurdish leaders visiting Ankara against
support for Kurdish terrorist activities against Turkey
originating from the region.  The Kurdish leaders declared
their opposition to any such attacks.

GNP GROWTH EXCEED EXPECTATIONS
    09/01/92, MILLIYET--  Turkish GNP increased 6.6 percent
per annum in the first six months of 1992, exceeding the
government's 5.5 percent target.
    Annual inflation rate for the same period was 69.6
percent.

TURKEY AND AUSTRIA TO EXPAND ECONOMIC RELATIONS
    09/01/92, MILLIYET-- A protocol is going to be signed
today in Vienna, expanding the economic cooperation
opportunities between Turkey and Austria.
    Austria will provide technology for several large scale
infrastructural projects in Turkey as a result.

BLACK SEA ECONOMIC COOPERATION COUNCIL IS NOT COMPETING WITH
ANYONE SAYS TURKISH PREMIER
    09/01/92, TERCUMAN--  Turkish prime minister Suleyman
Demirel said the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Council is
not competing with anyone.
    It is instead a piece completing the group of
organizations helping towards the establishment of global
cooperation.

FIGHTING IN TURKISH IRAN BORDER LEAVE 53 DEAD
    08/31/92, MILLIYET--  43 Kurdish terrorists and 10
Turkish soldiers died during a PKK attack to the Turkish
border post.  12 Turkish security officers were wounded.

JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF CALLS FOR RADICAL AND CONCRETE
PRECAUTIONS
    08/31//92, CUMHURIYET--  Turkish joint chiefs of staff
called for more radical and sound precautions against
Kurdish terrorism, but said the final decision should be
made by the government.  The call for action also included
martial law, and declaration of war, but these were not in
the agenda of the government.

3 TURKISH COMPANIES IN FORTUNE 500
    08/31/92, GUNAYDIN-- Three Turkish companies joined the
ranks of 500 largest industrial corporations published by
the Fortune magazine.  No service sector companies however
made the list this year.  Turkey ranked 15 among the 22
industrialized nations.

TURKISH JETS BOMB KURDISH TERRORIST CAMPS IN IRAQ
    08/30/92, SABAH--  Turkish f-16 air force fighters
bombed Kurdish terrorist camps in Northern Iraq pinpointed
by Turkish intelligence.
    Turkish paratroopers also attacked the camps in the
area.
    In Istanbul 13 Kurdish militants trained in camps abroad
were captured.  Istanbul Police department said 290 people
were captured in the last two weeks, and of those 87 were
put in jail.
    Three Kurdish militants spotted in a busy ferry port
carrying gasoline tanks were captured by the police.  Their
intention was to set a sea-bus afire.
    In Diyarbakir, the brother of a Kurdish party leader was
murdered.
    In Mardin district, a street vendor was asked to step
outside a coffee house, and then murdered.

PKK SABOTAGED A FERRY BOAT IN ISTANBUL
    08/29/92, MILLIYET--  Kurdish terrorists belonging to
PKK, sabotaged a ferry boat as it docked in Sirkeci
district.
    Two explosions were heard soon after all passengers left
the ferry, and a fire started.
    The captain and crew members escaped uninjured.  The
fire was under control in the late hours of the evening.
    Two explosions, one in front of Istanbul's courthouse,
the other in front of British Consulate left 3 injured.


NON ALIGNED MOVEMENT WELCOMES NEW MEMBERS
    JAKARTA, INDONESIA (AUG. 29) - Officials confirmed
Friday that the Philippines, Brunei and Uzbekistan would
attend as full members at the 10th Non Aligned Movement
summit to be held next June.
    Thailand, Armenia and Croatia were also approved as
observers, while Bosnia and Slovenia were to be received as
guests, according to Nana Sutrisna, Secretary-General of the
summit.
    Sutrisna said a meeting of senior officials of the
organization had discussed the request by Burma to be
reinstated as a full member, after it withdrew in 1979 at
the group's summit held in Havana, Cuba.
    Nearly 90 of the 106 member countries in the NAM have
confirmed they will send delegations to the June 1-6 summit,
to be held in Jakarta. Fifty-seven delegations are to be led
by heads of state or government.
    Indonesia, as host country, will stand by its invitation
to the self- declared rump state of Yugoslavia to attend the
summit despite calls by some member countries for it to be
ousted.

    THOUSANDS OF MOLDOVAN REFUGEES RETURN HOME
    SOFIA (AUG. 29) - "Our ancestors fled to Moldova from
the Turks, now we are returning from Moldova to replace the
Turks in Bulgaria," says Vladimir Dmitrov, a settler in the
southern town of Kurdjaly.
    Dmitrov is one of the several thousand ethnic Bulgarians
who have left the war-stricken regions of eastern Moldova to
seek a better life in their ancient motherland.
    It was at the end of the 18th century, when Bulgaria was
still under Ottoman occupation, that hundreds of thousands
of Bulgarians fled to Russia and settled in Moldova, close
to the border between the two empires.
    For 200 years they have lived in closed communities
surrounded by Moldovans, Ukrainians and Russians. The
"Bessarab Bulgarians" -- named after the region of Moldova
they live in -- resisted assimilation under the Tzars and
Stalin, and managed to preserve their mother language,
culture and traditional lifestyle.
    Most of them inhabit rural districts and used to make
their living on the old Soviet cooperative farms. Now the
cooperatives are falling apart, and the war between Moldovan
and Russian nationalists has made life a bitter struggle for
survival.
    Many of the Bessarab Bulgarians are now looking at
Bulgaria as a possible safe haven and the first groups of
refugees have now begun arriving back.
    Many of them have arrived in Kurdjaly, a major town
close to the Turkish border, with a mixed population of
Bulgarians and Bulgarian ethnic Turks. Yet, as the Bessarab
Bulgarians return home, many of the ethnic Turks in Kurdjaly
are now returning to Turkey.
    "There are no jobs for us here. We have relatives in
Turkey who promised to help us find work. That is why we are
leaving," said one man as he packed his family's belongings.
    "Our region is not very easy to live in. It is not rich
and the economy is in crisis, so I can understand why people
are leaving for Turkey," says Kurdjaly's Mayor Ivo
Saraliski. "Yet I wonder why the people from Moldova choose
Kurdjaly of all places to settle in."
    Saraliski himself is an ethnic Turk, who chose to keep
his Bulgarian name, even though it was forced on his family
by the old communist authorities.
    His decision demonstrates the way the sensitive ethnic
and political atmosphere influences people's lives in
Kurdjaly. Almost every other Turk in the region took back
his original Turkish name when the communist regime
collapsed.
    Saraliski was elected mayor last autumn with the support
of the Movement for Rights and Freedoms, the Turkish
minority political party, beating the pro-communist
candidate by a few votes.
    Yet it is his supporters who are now leaving Bulgaria.
And his political opponents -- Bulgarian nationalists from
the Fatherland Party of Labor (FPL) and the People's
Committee for the Defense of National Interests -- are
helping Bessarab Bulgarians settle down in mixed areas like
Kurdjaly.
    "We did not choose Kurdjaly by chance," says one
settler. "People from the FPL came to Moldova and promised
to help us find a job there."
    There are several thousand jobless in the city -- both
Bulgarians and ethnic Turks -- and many are now beginning to
ask how the refugees are finding jobs, and cheap flats, as
soon as they arrive.
    Some residents are even saying that the Moldovan
refugees are now being used by nationalists in order to
"ethnically purify" regions with a mixed population.
    Bulgarians are in the slight minority in Kurdjaly, and
ethnic tension is easy to create. On many occasions it has
been the center of ethnic confrontation, which has not yet
spilled over into violence.
    The history of the conflict goes back centuries, but was
strengthened between 1984 and 1985 when the communist
authorities forced the Turks to accept Christian Bulgarian
names and stopped them from speaking Turkish in public
places.
    Today, some Bulgarians still believe that was the right
thing to do. "Let them go and do not let them come back
again," said one man of the ethnic Turks leaving for Turkey.
    It was the international criticism of Bulgarian
treatment of its ethnic minorities which partly lead to
regime's isolation in 1989 and finally helped it come to an
end.
    Unlike other Eastern European countries, the democratic
political forces in Bulgaria did not use nationalism as a
means of fighting communism.
    Yet today the Bulgarian struggle for democracy certainly
faces the threat known to every other post communist country
-- militant nationalism -- and its old ethnic divisions may
yet return to haunt it.

    MINI-REPUBLIC OF CHECHENYA BRACES FOR WAR AGAINST RUSSIA
    GROSNO, CHECHENYA (Aug. 29) - The tiny Caucasian Muslim
autonomous republic of Chechenya is bracing itself for an
attack by Russia which it believes is part of a global
assault on Muslim nations.
    "Russia has declared war against Chechenya. I know. We
are doing everything to defend ourselves. The aggression
against Abkhazia is the first step, it is an aggression
against Chechenya," says Chechen President and former Soviet
General Dzhokar Dudayev.
    Speaking in an interview in his nine-story government
house in the center of the Chechen capital of Grosno --
described by many as "Dodge City," Dudayev hardly seems awed
by a prospect of armed conflict against the nation on whose
territory his autonomous republic was established.
    His perception of neighboring Georgia joining the fracas
against his tiny country does little to deter him.
    On the contrary, just back from his first ever foreign
tour to oil-rich Arab states in the Gulf, Dudayev warns that
expansion of the conflict between Georgia and the autonomous
republic of Abkhazia in northwestern Georgia could escalate
into a trans-Caucasian war.
    Claiming that Abkhaz guerrillas were disrupting
Georgia's lifeline by attacking the crucial railway link
between Russia, Georgia and Armenia, Georgian President
Eduard Shevardnadze earlier this month ordered Georgian
troops to occupy the Abkhaz capital of Sukhumi. At least 50
people died in the fighting.
    Scores of people are believed to have died this week in
a counter-offensive by Abkhaz guerrillas, armed supporters
of Grosno-based ousted Georgian President Zviad Gamsakhurdia
as well as thousands of volunteers of the confederation of
north Caucasian mountain peoples.
    "A Caucasian war would be very dangerous. It would not
only be fought on the territory of the Caucasus. We don't
want war on our territory. It would be crazy to fight it on
our territory," he says.
    Instead, he says, Chechenya will carry hostilities to
the territory of its neighbors. "We will wage a guerrilla
war, not only in Russia, but also in those countries that
support it. Please believe me that we will retaliate. We
have enough potential to do so," he says. "Thousands of our
volunteers are going to help the Abkhazians. They leave only
after being trained. We try to keep them here, but we don't
stop them from going. If we did, they would become very
aggressive," Dudayev adds.
    Dudayev is aware of the risk of involving his oil-rich
nation of 1.6 million people in a regional conflict. "Now,
it's enough to say that the Chechen republic is interfering
in the internal affairs of Georgia for Russia to wage war
against us," he says.
    But he argues, "the Georgians are in hard conditions.
They need more help than others because the military junta
is repressing the people. Our task is to help Georgia."
    A staunch supporter of Gamsakhurdia, Dudayev sees the
war between the Shevardnadze's "junta" and the Abkhazians,
ethnic cousins of his own people, as the "logical
continuation of Russia's imperial policy."
    He points to this week's decree by Russian President
Boris Yeltsin establishing a new Russian army command for
trans-Caucasia in the Georgian capital of Tbilisi.
    The decree came as a surprise given that Georgia is not
a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
created by the majority of former Soviet republics after
last year's demise of the Soviet Union.
    "There is a special emphasis now on the fight against
Muslim nations: Azerbaijan, Abkhazia, Tajikistan, Bosnia-
Hercegovina. It's all part of one cycle. They are trying to
encircle the Caucasian peoples. The main idea is directed
against the Chechen republic. Their main goal is to kill the
Chechen republic," Dudayev says.
    "The Russians are encouraging the wars here to keep
control. That's why reforms are making little headway here.
It's Russia's fault, Yeltsin's fault. The Russians don't
want democracy because of their imperialist past," says Musa
Temislav, editor of "Icherka," the city's opposition
newspaper.
    "Russians and Georgians are the same. Shevardnadze is
not a democrat, he's a dictator, a communist career
politician. He's no better than Saddam Hussein or Adolf
Hitler," Temislav says.
    One policeman has little doubt that his country is on
the way to victory. "Bloody Eduard," he says, referring to
Shevardnadze, "will lose the war." Firing some shots from
his own AK-47 into the air, he adds: "we will defeat the
Russian pigs, the Russian communist pigs.

    KURDISH SEPARATISTS BATTLE TURKISH ARMY, AT LEAST 53
DEAD
    DIYARBAKIR, TURKEY (AUG. 30) - Kurdish separatists and
Turkish soldiers fought a bloody battle that left at least
53 dead Sunday near Semdinli in southeastern Turkey,
security officials in the provincial capital of Diyarbakir
said.
    Heavily armed guerrillas of the Kurdish Workers Party
PKK initially attacked the army post of Alan near Semdinli
in Hakkari province during the morning.
    In the ensuing battle, 43 guerrillas and 10 soldiers
were killed. Another 10 soldiers were wounded, some
seriously.
    The PKK was said to have evacuated its wounded and some
of its dead when it withdrew across the Turkish-Iraqi border
to bases that the Turkish officials said were inside Iraqi
Kurdistan.

    TURKISH ARMY CHASES KURDS INTO IRAN, DEATH TOLL IN
CLASHES RISES TO 60
    ANKARA (AUG. 31) - The Turkish army chased fugitive
fighters of the militant Kurdish Workers' Party into Iran
for the first time Sunday after heavy fighting, the Turkish
newspaper Hurriyet reported Monday.
    Turkish troops gave chase using three helicopter
gunships, the paper said.
    Six suspected PKK guerrillas were killed in a later gun
battle with Turkish troops in the eastern province of
Bitlis, boosting the death toll to 60 after a day of bloody
clashes, the semi-official Anadolu news agency reported
Monday.
    Officially at least 43 PKK guerrillas and 10 soldiers
were killed and another 10 soldiers wounded, some seriously,
Sunday after fierce fighting with the Turkish army in the
provincial capital of Diyarbakir.
    Hurriyet said at least 60 PKK guerrillas were killed and
many more injured in the fighting.
    Around 500 heavily armed PKK fighters had initially
attacked the army post of Alan near Semdinli in Hakkari
province.
    Senior Turkish civil servants and members of the
military escaped injury Sunday after a bomb hidden under a
podium was defused. The officials were on hand in Istanbul
to observe a military parade marking ''Turkish Armed Forces
Day''.

    FIGHTING RESUMES IN NAGORNY-KARABAKH BETWEEN ARMENIAN,
AZERBAIJAN FORCES
    MOSCOW (AUG. 31) - Heavy fighting flared in Nagorny-
Karabakh Monday between Armenian and Azerbaidjan forces
hours before the start of a new ceasefire agreement, reports
reaching Moscow said.
    Armenian forces said they shot down two Azeri fighter
jets Stepanakert, capital of Nagorny-Karabakh, after they
attacked the city with 500 kilogramme splinter bombs.
    Five people died in the attack, Armenian sources said.
    A ceasefire agreement mediated by the president of
Kazakhstan,Nursultan Nazarbayev, takes effect at midnight
Monday.
    Azeri officials said meanwhile that Armenian forces
tried to extend the Latshin corridor linking the enclave of
Nagorny-Karabakh with Armenia.
    Azeri forces said they destroyed at Mechman in the north
two tanks and three Armenian armoured vehicles. The Armenian
side however said it had made territorial gains in the area.

    TURKISH ARMY CLASHES WITH KURDISH GUERRILLAS IN
SOUTHEASTERN TURKEY
    ANKARA (AUG. 31) - Heavy clashes between Turkish forces
and guerrillas of the Workers' Party of Kurdistan (PKK)
continued Monday for the second day in southeastern Turkey,
claiming the lives of dozens of people on both sides,
according to Turkish news reports.
    Four soldiers were killed when PKK guerrillas attacked a
military patrol near Genc, in the eastern Turkish province
of Bingol. The Anadolu news agency said 50 suspected rebels
were arrested.
    In another incident on Monday at least four people were
injured when guerrillas opened fire on a train between the
eastern Anatolian provincial capital Mush and Elazig,
Anadolu reported.
    The Turkish army chased fugitive fighters of the
militant Kurdish Workers' Party into Iran for the first time
Sunday after heavy fighting, the Turkish newspaper Hurriyet
reported Monday.
    Turkish troops gave chase using three helicopter
gunships, the paper said.
    Six suspected PKK guerrillas were killed in a later gun
battle with Turkish troops in the eastern province of
Bitlis, boosting the death toll to 60 after a day of bloody
clashes, Anadolu said.
    Officially at least 43 PKK guerrillas and 10 soldiers
were killed and another 10 soldiers wounded, some seriously,
Sunday after fierce fighting with the Turkish army in the
provincial capital of Diyarbakir.
    Hurriyet said at least 60 PKK guerrillas were killed and
many more injured in the fighting.
    Around 500 heavily armed PKK fighters had initially
attacked the army post of Alan near Semdinli in Hakkari
province.
    Senior Turkish civil servants and members of the
military escaped injury Sunday after a bomb hidden under a
podium was defused. The officials were on hand in Istanbul
to observe a military parade marking ''Turkish Armed Forces
Day''.

    UPDATE: AZERBAIJAN FIGHTING FLARES IN NAGORNY-KARABAKH
DESPITE TRUCE AGREEMENT
    MOSCOW (SEPT. 1) - Fighting flared between Armenian and
Azerbaijani forces in the disputed enclave of Nagorny-
Karabakh Tuesday despite a ceasefire agremeent which was
supposed to take effect from midnight Monday.
    The Azerbaijani Defence Ministry said Armenian forces
opened fire at the towns of Fisuli and Jebrail, both on
Azerbaijani territory.
    Kazakhstan was behind the latest attempt to halt
fighting between the two sides in Nagorny-Karabakh, a mainly
Armenian populated enclave inside Azerbaijan.
    Azerbaijan attacked Stepanakert, capital of Nagorny-
Karabakh, Monday only a few hours before the truce was due
to take effect.
    Armenian forces said they shot down two Azeri fighter
jets over the city during the attack.

    TURKISH PRESIDENT OZAL SAYS HE WANTS TO SEE DEMOCRACY
ESTABLISHED IN IRAQ
    ANKARA, TURKEY (SEPT. 2) - Turkish President Turgut Ozal
said Wednesday Ankara did not want to see Iraq's territorial
integrity threatened ''but the suffering of the Iraqi people
must end,'' and it would be beneficial for both countries if
democracy were established in Iraq.
    Ozal was speaking to reporters prior to a meeting with
Iraqi opposition leaders, including Kurdish chiefs Massoud
Barzani and Jalal Talabani, and Sunni and Shi'ite
representatives.
    The Iraqi opposition leaders, who arrived in Ankara two
days ago, met earlier with Prime Minister Sulayman Demirel,
who told reporters last month that Turkey would not
participate in operations to enforce an air exclusion zone
south of Iraq's 32nd parallel.
    Ozal said: ''Our aim is not to see a divided Iraq.'' But
he said ''the sufferings of the Iraqi people must end,'' and
it would benefit both Turkey and Iraq if democracy were
established in Baghdad.
    As of last year, Ankara has provided air bases for U.S.-
led coalition planes to enforce an air exclusion zone in
northern Iraq to protect the Kurdish minority from attacks
by troops loyal to Iraqi President Saddam Hussein.
    In their meeting with Demirel Tuesday, the two Kurdish
leaders reportedly assured the premier that the territorial
integrity of Iraq was not threatened by the establishment of
a second exclusion zone in the south.
    Among the Iraqi opposition figures who met Ozal were
Shi'ite Muslim leaders Sheikh Mohammed Bashir Alam and Hani
al-Fakiki, and Sunni Muslim leaders Ayad al-Alawi and
Mohammed Alousi.
    Ozal said he had held several meetings earlier with
Barzani and Talabani and with Iraqi Turkmen leader Muzaffar
Aslan. The Sunni and Shi'ite leaders had expressed a desire
to confer with Turkey, he said.
    Also taken up in the discussion between Turkish
officcials and the Kurdish leaders was the presence of
guerillas affiliated to the Kurdish Workers Party  or PKK, a
Marxist-Leninist Turkish rebel group, in northern Iraqi
territory.
    Tuesday, Talabani told reporters after meeting Turkish
Foreign Minister Hikmet Cetin that the Iraqi Kurds would
''not allow any Kurdish force to use northern Iraq as a
military base against our neighbors, particularly against
Turkey.''
    This was seen as a reference to reports that the PKK has
established training bases in northern Iraq, close to the
Turkish border, and were using them to launch attacks on
Turkish security forces on a scale that has steadily
increased in recent months.
    Talabani said the Iraqi Kurds were unable to prevent the
PKK rebels from crossing the border into Turkey, because
there was a power vacuum in the border region.
    The Iraqi Kurds have guerrilla forces of their own known
as Peshmergas, but the number of these fighters in northern
Iraq was believed to be limited to between 20,000 and
30,000, and they were directed mainly against Iraqi troops
in areas away from the border.

TURKISH SECURITY TROOPS LAUNCH OUTER BORDER ATTACK ON PKK IN
IRAQ
    CIZRE (SEPT. 3) - The anticipated border crackdown on
the Kurdish guerilla group PKK in northern Iraq has begun,
although Turkish authorities are not confirming the reports.
    Sources say that Turkish troops crossed the southern
border early today, entering the Deshtan region near Amadiya
-- ten kilometers into Iraqi territory.
    Prior to that, there were also reports of heavy
artillery fire around the same region, and there was also
increased Turkish military activity near the Iran-Turkey
border, the sources said.
    Ever since the reported clashes between the Kurdistan
Workers Party (PKK) guerrillas and the Turkish security
forces in southeastern Turkey two weeks ago, the authorities
have made no secret that they would go after the rebel group
which has been consolidating its position in the hilly
terrain of northern Iraq.
    The southeastern Kurdish town of Sirnak was left in a
state of ruin following near weeklong clashes starting Aug.
18, in which 17 civilians and four soldiers were killed. The
casualty count of the guerrilla group, which up to now
denies any involvement in the shoot-outs, is unknown.
    Formed in 1978, the guerrilla group has been waging an
armed struggle since 1984 in a bid of self-determination for
the seven percent minority Kurds of Turkey's 56 million
population.
    Last Aug. 27, the National Security Council, comprising
cabinet ministers, including Prime Minister Suleyman Demirel
and high-ranking army personnel, met in the southeastern
Kurdish city of Diyarbakir to discuss the issue.
    And in a joint statement issued afterwards said: "The
terrorist organization will be pursued in the mountains, in
the cities -- both in the country and abroad -- and will be
struck an indispensable blow."
    Since the start of this week, mountain commando troops
have been massively redeployed on the border region with
Iraq, and fighter planes have been reported to be bombing
Kurdish villages at the bottom of the Judi mountain near the
Iraqi-Turkish border.
    Caglayan and Hisar villages are two such villages, with
one Caglayan resident who does business in neighboring
Cizre, saying that the first raids carried on his village
began tuesday.
    "When I was turning back to my village this morning
after having sold the grape harvest in Cizre, I was stopped
by the soldiers, who made be undress and drove me in the
bushes and forced me to stand in a pit. They set the bushes
on fire," claimed the Caglayan villager, whose hair, hands
and face have fresh burns.
    Declining to give his name, he said the soldiers told
him that no one would be allowed to enter the village for
the next three days. "(They) released me. But my children
are burning. I saw the flames and smoke rising above the
village," he said, breaking down in tears.
    A villager from Hisar who had traveled to Cizre to shop,
also complained that he had been "forbidden" from returning
home. "Our village is in a ravine. I haven't seen any smoke.
But helicopters and fighter planes were flying over. They
told me to come back in three days time. I am extremely
worried."
    Although the military authorities continue to deny any
ground operations, there have been air raids over PKK camps
in the Haftanin region in Iraq, near to the Turkish border.
    And political analysts predict that the operation is
likely to expand, particularly after today's meeting in
Ankara between Iraqi Kurdish leaders Jalal Talabani and
Mesoud Barzani, and the top brass of the Turkish
administration.
    The Iraqi Kurds have been reeling from an embargo
enforced by the PKK, who have stopped all across the border
trade between Turkey and Iraq in the last two months.
    The aim of the embargo is two-fold -- as a show of
muscle by the 10,000 strong rebel Kurds, and as a means of
establishing control over the territory they hope to make
their new operating base.
    The PKK was previously based in the Syrian-controlled
Bikaa Valley. But under an agreement signed earlier this
year between the Turkish and Syrian governments, it was
agreed to flush the Kurds out.
    Since then, the PKK has been attempting to settle in
northern Iraq, but their embargo tactics have rubbed the
Kurdish community of the region the wrong way, with the
influential Talabani and Barzani both previously warning
that the PKK was hurting its own Kurdish brethren.

    CIS COMMITS TROOPS TO CALM TADZHIKISTAN'S UNRULY CLAN
    DUSHANBE (SEPT. 4) - Commonwealth of Independent States
(CIS) leaders have decided to send troops into unruly
southern Tajikistan, where clans with Islamic and communist
affiliations are at war with one another.
    A Russian foreign ministry statement Friday said only
that reinforcements would be sent to stop arms smuggling
across the Tajik-Afghan border after talks among the
presidents of Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgystan and Uzbekistan.
    There was no mention of President Rakhmon Nabiyev of
Tajikistan, who refuses to accept his ouster at the
beginning of this week.
    According to the news agency Interfax, the deployment is
a response to the ''civil-war-style unrest'' in southern
Tajikistan. Both sides appear to be acquiring their arms
from Afghanistan.
    In an interview Thursday with the Tajikistan edition of
the newspaper Izvestiya, Nabiyev said: ''I'm still president
of the republic. I am in full control of the situation and
have links to all the regions, the ministries and the
agencies.''

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