HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: shaw@s119.es.llnl.gov (Henry Shaw 510 423-4645)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: USGS "Phreaker" program
Date: 14 Sep 92 17:11:48 GMT
Organization: Earth_Sciences_Dept.,_LLNL

In article <15109@mindlink.bc.ca>, Graham_Parkinson@mindlink.bc.ca (Graham Parkinson) writes:
|> As the title implies, this enquiry is about the USGS computer
|> program named "Phreaker".  A client interested in the modelling
|> of hazardous waste dispersions in soils mentioned that this
|> program existed.
|> 
|> Could anyone familiar with this program give a synopsis of what
|> this program actually does, and what the availability of it is?  
|> --


PHREEQ is one example of a class of codes known as "aqueous speciation codes".  They take 
thermodynamic data for the stability of various aqueous stability constants and, for a fluid 
of specified composition, determine the equilibrium concentrations of the possible aqueous 
species present.  For example, say I have an aqueous solution of containing a known amount of 
Cu, and this solution is in equilibrium with air with a known partial pressure of CO2.  PHREEQ 
will tell me how much of the Cu should be present as CU2+(aq), how much as Cu(CO3), (Cu(CO3)2)2-, 
CuOH+,(Cu(OH)2), (Cu(OH)3)-, (Cu(OH)4)2-, (Cu2(OH)2)2+, etc....

Obviously, such calculations are only as good as the thermodynamic data upon which they are based.
PHREEQ is popular because it is pretty simple to use (it will run on a PC), but I personally think 
it has been superceeded by a number of other codes, such as MINTEQ, EQ3/6NR, SPECIATE, GT, and 
others that are considerably more flexible and powerful.  Some of the codes I just mentioned 
go beyond simply speciation calculations and are known as "reaction pathway" codes.  They can 
follow the progress of a reaction, assuming instantaneous equilibrium at every moment.

See Parkhurst, Thorstenson, and Plummer (1980) PHREEQ:  A computer program for geochemical 
calculations.  U.S. Geol. Surv. Water Resources Investigations, PB81-167801. 

-- 
Henry Shaw, Earth Sciences Dept., LLNL |    All opinions are my own.
Internet: shaw4@llnl.gov               |  
CIS: 76347,2523                        |
Fidonet: Henry Shaw at 1:161/55        |
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: karish@pangea.Stanford.EDU (Chuck Karish)
Subject: Re: taconite
Organization: Mindcraft, Inc.
Distribution: na
Date: Wed, 9 Sep 1992 01:16:08 GMT

In article <7pqetp8@Unify.Com> ceb@rechenau.unify.uucp (Caroline E. Bryan)
writes:
>Can anyone define "taconite" for me, please?  An acquaintance told me it
>is the source of the iron ore of the Mesabi Range, but my Deer, Howie &
>Zussman and other references don't mention it at all.

Try your dictionary, instead.  Taconite describes a grade of
ore rather than a mineral, so DH&Z isn't an appropriate
reference.

>I had assumed that
>he'd gotten the term wrong, but this weekend a murder mystery mentioned it
>(as a product shipped regularly along the Great Lakes), so I'm beginning to
>believe it's real.

Taconite is a low-grade (high-silica) iron ore.  It's
usable in ironmaking only after it's been through an extra
purification process beyond what higher-grade ores need:
crushing and density-based separation of iron oxides from
silicates, then pressing of the high-density fraction into
pellets.

The shipped product might be either the raw ore or the
pellets; I think that both are referred to as taconite.

I think the stuff from the Mesabi Range is banded iron
formation, chemical or biochemical precipitates from the
ocean that are thought to be related to the change from a
reducing to an oxidizing regime in Earth's atmosphere and
ocean.  This stuff varies in proportion of silicates.
Ore that's low in silicates can be used directly in
ironmakingg furnaces and tends to be mined first.  Lower-
grade ore like taconite comes from different parts of the
same deposits.
--

    Chuck Karish          karish@mindcraft.com
    (415) 323-9000 x117   karish@forel.stanford.edu
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: patton@phy.uab.edu (David Patton)
Subject: CERI
Reply-To: patton@phy.uab.edu
Organization: University of Alabama at Birmingham
Date: Thu, 10 Sep 1992 21:48:14 GMT


Does anybody know of the email address at the Center for Earthquake Research and
Information at Memphis State University.

Thanks


patton@phy.uab.edu


Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: cfrbj@ux1.cts.eiu.edu (Bob Jorstad)
Subject: Re: taconite
Date: Wed, 09 Sep 1992 02:59:50 GMT
Distribution: na
Organization: Eastern Illinois University

In article <1992Sep9.011608.15587@morrow.stanford.edu> karish@pangea.Stanford.EDU (Chuck Karish) writes:
>In article <7pqetp8@Unify.Com> ceb@rechenau.unify.uucp (Caroline E. Bryan)
>writes:
>>Can anyone define "taconite" for me, please?  An acquaintance told me it
>>is the source of the iron ore of the Mesabi Range, but my Deer, Howie &
>>Zussman and other references don't mention it at all.
>
>Try your dictionary, instead.  Taconite describes a grade of
>ore rather than a mineral, so DH&Z isn't an appropriate
>reference.
>
>>I had assumed that
>>he'd gotten the term wrong, but this weekend a murder mystery mentioned it
>>(as a product shipped regularly along the Great Lakes), so I'm beginning to
>>believe it's real.
>
>Taconite is a low-grade (high-silica) iron ore.  It's
>usable in ironmaking only after it's been through an extra
>purification process beyond what higher-grade ores need:
>crushing and density-based separation of iron oxides from
>silicates, then pressing of the high-density fraction into
>pellets.
>
>The shipped product might be either the raw ore or the
>pellets; I think that both are referred to as taconite.
>
>I think the stuff from the Mesabi Range is banded iron
>formation, chemical or biochemical precipitates from the
>ocean that are thought to be related to the change from a
>reducing to an oxidizing regime in Earth's atmosphere and
>ocean.  This stuff varies in proportion of silicates.
>Ore that's low in silicates can be used directly in
>ironmakingg furnaces and tends to be mined first.  Lower-
>grade ore like taconite comes from different parts of the
>same deposits.
>--
>
>    Chuck Karish          karish@mindcraft.com
>    (415) 323-9000 x117   karish@forel.stanford.edu



	The taconite is mined and made into pellets that are shipped.  The
taconite mining operations are truly huge and utilize some of the largest
earth moving equipment  ever made to strip off the till to reach the
taconite.  The taconite industy evolved in the 50's and 60's as the really
high grade iron deposits were being mined out.
	Tours of the taconite mines & mills are given; o if you are ever
in Northeastern Minnesota take a tour - very intersting.
		BOB

Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: geos56@Rosie.UH.EDU
Subject: E-mail Abstract to AGU?
Reply-To: geos56@Rosie.UH.EDU
Organization: University of Houston
Date: Thu, 10 Sep 1992 14:14:15 GMT

Hi, Does anyone know how to send AGU meeting abstracts by E-mail. Please 
respond if you know. Thanks.
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: atovorni@engr.UVic.CA (Andreas  Tovornik)
Subject: Re: What is geophysics?
Reply-To: atovorni@engr.UVic.CA
Organization: University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
Date: Wed, 16 Sep 92 01:40:38 GMT

In article 9674@unocal.com, stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini) writes:
>
>Eugene Miya posts a relevant article in rec.backcountry once a month titled
>"A romantic notion of high-tech employment in the backcountry" that is
>relevant to the question of field geophysics possibilities.


   Geophysics fieldwork can be a lot of fun or a real pain.
   In 1989 I was responsible for gathering magnetic data over 560 claims on
foot. The outdoors of Northern Quebec is one of the best environments for being
alone and communing with nature, like the time I was taking a reading and six
ptarmegan chicks thought the beeping of my equipment was another ptarmegan chick.
   Waiting to be picked up by the helicopter after a day of work can also give
you the peace and serenity you need when a whisky-jack flies up and asks you
what you're doing.
   This is called getting bushed.
   When your equipment fails ten miles from base camp and you only just started
your day, and the only way to fix it is to walk back, you get more bushed.
   But seriously, If you enjoy the isolation, gold exploration is the place to be.
   One cautionary note: Because of increasingly powerful airborne equipment,
ground reconnaissance Geophysics is on a decline, and work is increasingly
impossible to find.
   Again, for the same reason, new exploitable reserves are being discovered
where there once was considered to be nothing of value.
   Once the recession is over, there will be more exploration, but the industry
will be hard pressed to find work for all new graduates, let alone Geologists/
Geophysicists already unemployed.
   If you don't have another career to fall back on, Geophysics will leave you
out of work for nine months of the year if you're lucky, at least in Eastern
Canada.    

Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: chuck@petro3.b17b.ingr.com (chuck woodbury)
Subject: Groundwater Modeling with ModFlow and ModPath
Organization: "Mapping Sciences Division, Intergraph Corp, Huntsville AL"
Date: Tue, 15 Sep 1992 17:33:49 GMT

I am cuurently testing Intergraph's interactive interface to the USGS's
Modflow and Modpath programs.  I an in desparate need of some real world data.
If anyone out there has some data that I can use, Please Contact me.

Thanks,

Chuck Woodbury
Environmental Software Certification and Support
From: gary@cs.pitt.edu (Gary Livingston)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: Mineral collecting, anyone
Date: 14 Sep 92 14:24:41 GMT
Organization: Univ. of Pittsburgh Computer Science

In article <mcdonald.297@aries.scs.uiuc.edu> mcdonald@aries.scs.uiuc.edu (J. D. McDonald) writes:
>Is there a news group for mineral collectors? I've recently been expanding
>my collection, and would like to find other collectors on the net.
>(Not that I expect to find many other folks principally interested in
>gallium, indium, and germanium minerals! :-) )
>
>This group seems the best place to ask.
>
>Doug McDonald

Please, I would like the same information.  Especially in the Pennsylvania/
West Virginia/ Virginai/ Ohio area.  (I live in Pittsburgh).

Thanks,

Gary Livingston

Xref: sparky sci.geo.geology:1939 ca.earthquakes:1081
From: jhugart@news.weeg.uiowa.edu (Jacob Hugart)
Subject: Midwestern caving info FOUND
Organization: University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Distribution: usa
Date: Mon, 14 Sep 1992 13:38:01 GMT


I've found info in Iowa City about caving...thanks to all who replied.
The group is a chapter of the National Speleological Society:

   Iowa Grotto
   Box 228
   Iowa City, IA  52244

They meet the forth Wednesday of every month in room 125 of Trowbridge hall,
on the University of Iowa campus, at 7:30pm.
-- 
Jacob Hugart  <jacob-hugart@uiowa.edu>
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Other actors who auditioned for the part of Jean-Luc Picard:
Telly Savallas - "Who loves ya, mister?"
Xref: sparky sci.geo.geology:1940 ca.earthquakes:1082
From: knittel@abmx.rz.rwth-aachen.de
Subject: Re: Thermobarometry programs?
Reply-To: knittel@abmx.rz.rwth-aachen.de
Organization: RZ RWTH Aachen, Germany
Date: Mon, 7 Sep 92 12:38:36 GMT

In article <17uftjINN147@chaph.usc.edu>, bhowmik@oce.usc.edu writes:
>I am looking for thermobarometry programs (in any language). I would
>especially appreciate algorithms to calculate temperatures for two-
>pyroxenes. I'm aware that this remains a graphical thermometer (there
>is no thermodynamic-based method for temperature calculations yet).
>I was about to attempt to write a program myself, but figured _someone_
>out there must have done this already. Please e-mail me to the address
>below. I thank you in advance.
>
>internet: bhowmik@geo.usc.edu (Joyjeet Bhowmik)

Paula Davidson
1627 Lewis Ave
Rockville MD 20851

or
Donald Lindsley
deptm. of Earth & Space Sci.
SUNY
Stony Brook NY 11794-2100

hope adresses are still alright

ulrich
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: fhapgood@world.std.com (Fred Hapgood)
Subject: argillite
Organization: The World @ Software Tool & Die
Date: Mon, 7 Sep 1992 22:50:07 GMT

I am a science writer writing a popular article on Boston Harbor.
The Boston Harbor basin is carved out of what I am told is
'Cambridge argillite'.  I would appreciate an explanation of
what this rock is -- I can see it's metamorphic, but that's
the limit of my knowledge.  What is argillite anyway?  Where
do you find it, besides Boston?  How does it get made?  What's
interesting about it?
From: lush@en.ecn.purdue.edu (Gregory B Lush)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: Old Faithful, Ca forecasts earthquakes - maybe
Date: 8 Sep 92 16:46:08 GMT
Organization: Purdue University Engineering Computer Network

In article <1992Sep8.044517.11391@morrow.stanford.edu> andy@pangea.Stanford.EDU (Andy Michael USGS Guest) writes:
>In article <1992Sep7.171212.18819@en.ecn.purdue.edu> lush@en.ecn.purdue.edu (Gregory B Lush) writes:
>>There is an article in the NYTimes some time last week on this.
>>The researchers claim to have accounted for variation in the
>>rain amounts.
>
>No.  What Paul Silver has always stressed in his talks is that while
>he believes there are some earthquake precursors present in the
>geyser's behavior there are too many other affects to use this as
>a predictor, at least by itself.  Instead the impression he has given
>me is that he believes it is a reason to believe in regional strain
>changes before earthquakes but that we must try to measure them some
>other way than with the geyser.  On the other side is the dilatometer
>measurements made by Malcolm Johnston that have shown no noticeable
>strain before earthquakes at regional distances.  I am using regional
>to mean several times the rupture length away or more.
>
>Can't wait to actually see the article.  It hadn't shown up as of Friday.
>
>Andy

NYTimes National Edition Friday Sept 4, 1992, page A6.

I won't retype the entire article, but...

Quote:

A change in the eruption pattern of a geyser near Calistoga, CA may be
a warning about impending large earthquakes, researchers say.

...

They found that three major earthquakes within 155 miles of the geyser
had occurred within one to three days after the geyser's eruption pattern
underwent abrupt and dramatic changes.

...

A number of things, including rainfall, can affect the regularity
of eruptions in Old Faithful-type geysers like the famed Old Faithful
of Yellowstone Park.  But a mathematical examination of the Calistoga
record eliminates both chance and the effects of rainfall as an
explanation for the abrupt pattern changes preceding the earthquakes,
the [sic] Silvers said.

end quote.

Greg
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: baalke@kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov (Ron Baalke)
Subject: Magellan Science Results Published
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.3-4   
Keywords:  Magellan, JPL
Reply-To: baalke@kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov
Organization: Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Date: Fri, 11 Sep 1992 23:33:09 GMT

The "Journal of Geophysical Research - Planets" has dedicated two issues
of their journal to the science results of the Magellan mission at Venus.  
I just received Part 1 today in the mail (Volume 97, Number E8, dated
August 25, 1992).  This rather hefty issue has 27 articles and over
600 pages.  
     ___    _____     ___
    /_ /|  /____/ \  /_ /|     Ron Baalke         | baalke@kelvin.jpl.nasa.gov
    | | | |  __ \ /| | | |     Jet Propulsion Lab |
 ___| | | | |__) |/  | | |__   M/S 525-3684 Telos | Anything is impossible if
/___| | | |  ___/    | |/__ /| Pasadena, CA 91109 | you don't attempt it.
|_____|/  |_|/       |_____|/                     | 

Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: zawr02@hou.amoco.com (Andrew W. Robinson)
Subject: Re: Soft Earthquakes
Reply-To: zawr02@hou.amoco.com
Organization: Amoco
Date: Wed, 9 Sep 1992 20:08:56 GMT

In article 22618@mailer.cc.fsu.edu, cain@geomag.gly.fsu.edu (Joe Cain) writes:

>	There was a discussion recently of "growth faults" in a class
>recently. Since many of these are active the question was raised as to
>whether they are completely aseismic. An example was quoted of the
>highways in Texas that have had to be resurfaced as the land slumps
>more.
>	Has anyone listened carefully for such activity? Presumably
>since there is likely no brittle fracture one might only hear a
>little, maybe a whisper or a sigh?
>Joseph Cain		cain@geomag.gly.fsu.edu

When I lived in New Orleans, there were occasional small local events 
unofficially attributed to growth faults.  I believe the magnitude of the events
was up to 3, but the soft ground there greatly restricted the felt area.

Around Houston, we do see road slumps due to the growth faults.  A friend once
showed me a house some unfortunate soul had built across one.  The house looked
as if it were cracked right through the middle.  It was unlivable (and unsellable).

---

Andrew Robinson
--------------------------------------------------------------
So convenient a thing it is to be a reasonable creature, since
it enables one to find or make a reason for everything one has
a mind to do. - Benjamin Franklin

Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: gkm@cc.uow.edu.au (Glen K Moore)
Subject: Earthquake monitoring and seismometers -message  missed!!
Summary: I did not get to see a message left for me earlier-please resend!!
Keywords: Earthquake seismometer
Organization: University Of Wollongong
Date: Sat, 12 Sep 92 12:48:43 GMT

I am told a message was left for me. Unfortunately I did not realise that messages disappeared so quickly!

Glen Moore
gkm@cc.uow.edu.au
or Fax 61-42-213151
Science Centre 
Wollongong AUSTRALIA
From: cmeadows@nyx.cs.du.edu (Chris Meadows)
Subject: I would like some information about the magnetic North Pole?
Organization: Nyx, Public Access Unix @ U. of Denver Math/CS dept.
Date: Mon, 7 Sep 92 19:14:13 GMT


Hello.  I would like some information about the nature of the magnetic
North Pole.  Is it a gigantic deposit of lodestone, or a quirk of Earth's
magnetic field?  If the former, has it been explored, core samples taken,
etc.?

Please reply via email, as I do not read this newsgroup.         

Thanks...
---Chris Meadows

Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: jongj@nijmeg.ingr.com (jorrit de jong)
Subject: Urgent request for US earthquake data
Summary: Urgent need for Earthquake data
Keywords: geology earthquake usa
Organization: Intergraph Nijmegen
Distribution: sci
Date: Fri, 11 Sep 1992 14:26:32 GMT

I am member of an organisation, which is very actively looking 
at the planet Earth and what happens on and with it. Once a few 
weeks reports about earthquakes are posted. In this case I need 
intermediate information. 

The very urgent request is:

Can you provide me as soon as possible information about two specific
earthquakes, which occured in the period 28Aug - 5Sept 92?
Especially in:         California  4.2 (Richter)
                       Utah  3.9 (Richter)

I don't care about how you will send the information. It's very
important for me. I would be very greatfull if someone can provide 
me with the information or a name of someone else.
Is there an anonymous ftp-node where this information is stored?

Regards,

Jorrit de Jong

Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Phone +31-80-525760  Fax +31-80-525724  BBS +31-80-541100 (misty)
Mail path : uunet!infonode!ingr!nijmeg!j_jong or j_jong@nijmeg.ingr.com
AppleLink : HOL0134
=================================================================
       What is speaking to what if you talk to yourself?
                                                        JdJ
=================================================================
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: dbrus.Unify.Com.ceb@unify.uucp (Caroline E. Bryan)
Subject: taconite
Reply-To: ceb@rechenau.unify.uucp (Caroline E. Bryan)
Organization: Unify Corporation, Sacramento, CA, USA
Distribution: na
Date: Tue, 8 Sep 92 17:36:20 GMT

Can anyone define "taconite" for me, please?  An acquaintance told me it
is the source of the iron ore of the Mesabi Range, but my Deer, Howie &
Zussman and other references don't mention it at all.  I had assumed that
he'd gotten the term wrong, but this weekend a murder mystery mentioned it
(as a product shipped regularly along the Great Lakes), so I'm beginning to
believe it's real.  Can someone give me specifics, please? (Mineral/rock,
constituents, habit, parthenogenesis, etc.)

Thanks!  Email if preferred, to:

Carrie		ceb@rechenau.unify.com	x6244		        ------------+
|   You can choose to do housework or to do things.  I have chosen to do    |
|		things.					-- Anon.	    |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: gkm@cc.uow.edu.au (Glen K Moore)
Subject: Earthquake data wanted for comparison
Summary: I am building a long period seismometer. Source of data - other sites?
Keywords: earthquake seismometer
Organization: University Of Wollongong
Date: Thu, 10 Sep 92 14:14:14 GMT


I am building a seismometer - where can I access earthquake data? I would like
to obtain a source of data to compare with mine at Wollongong Australia.
I would also like to correspond with others who have seismographs in use for 
display purposes.

Glen Moore
gkm@wampyr
Fax 61-42-213151
Science Centre
Wollongong
AUSTRALIA
From: mmord@doc.bmd.trw.com
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: Tsunamis..how far inland?
Date: 14 Sep 92 10:59:42 MST

In article <dwv.716361477@magic>, dwv@magic.ucsb.edu (Dave Valentine;GS 2012;3471) writes:
> harris@drvax3.msfc.nasa.gov (Mitch Harris) writes:
>>The tsunamis that recently hit Nicarauga - how far inland does a tsuanmi
>>travel? Is there a formula to calculate this? How far is safe (given the
>>assumption that most people would travel no farther than possible from
>>their homes)? 
> 
I thought I read in Michener's "Alaska" of a particularly "badly" 
shaped small inlet that funneled a tsunami to an elevation over
1000 ft. (memory?) above sea level. Anybody know anything about this?
Creative license perhaps?

Bret Webster
From: wagener@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Pamela Pincha-Wagener)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: taconite
Date: 10 Sep 92 00:17:52 GMT
Distribution: na
Organization: Boeing Computer Services, Seattle

dbrus.Unify.Com.ceb@unify.uucp (Caroline E. Bryan) writes:

>Can anyone define "taconite" for me, please?  An acquaintance told me it
>is the source of the iron ore of the Mesabi Range, but my Deer, Howie &
>Zussman and other references don't mention it at all.  I had assumed that
>he'd gotten the term wrong, but this weekend a murder mystery mentioned it
>(as a product shipped regularly along the Great Lakes), so I'm beginning to
>believe it's real.  Can someone give me specifics, please? (Mineral/rock,
>constituents, habit, parthenogenesis, etc.)

Taconite: a ferruginous chert representing a complete
replacement of greenalite rock by silica, iron ores, and
ferruginous amphiboles. other terms itabirite; jaspilite.

(from dictionary of Geologic Terms)