HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: bruno@lightning.McRCIM.McGill.EDU (Bruno Hall)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
Subject: Re: Latex <--> PostScript conversion??
Date: 14 Apr 92 00:34:26 GMT
Organization: McGill University, McRCIM

In article <23311@life.ai.mit.edu> bkph@wheat-chex.ai.mit.edu (Berthold K.P. Horn) writes:
>
>In article <1577@nikhefh.nikhef.nl> alena@nikhefh.nikhef.nl (Alena Lacova) writes:
>
>   > How can I convert PostScript files to Latex files and 
>   > vice-versa. I know that there is a dvi2ps utility - Is
>
>   I have another question: is there something like dvi2ps
>   but the final postscript file is conforming to Adobe
>   Document Structuring Conventions ?

Yes.  It's called dvips, written by T. Rokicki.  This is an *amazing*
dvi to ps translator which can deal with (among many other things): eps
figures, resident PS fonts, and downloadalbe (ie pfb) PS fonts.

It compiled straight out of the tar.

I can't recommend dvips too strongly.

-- 
/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/
Bruno Hall  |  VE2HUM  |  bruno@mcrcim.mcgill.edu         
McGill Research Centre for Intelligent Machines - Controls Group
New systems generate new problems -- Join the Flat Earth Society.
From: chow@sdc2.ssc.gov (Ivan Chow,,6212)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
Subject: PostScript to Mac PICT format
Keywords: Postscript, PICT
Date: 13 Apr 92 18:40:31 GMT
Reply-To: chow@sdc2.ssc.gov
Organization: Superconducting Super Collider

Hi,
   Has anyone successfully used pbmplus utilities to convert PostScript file
to Mac PICT format?  I have used ppmtopict and ghostscript pstoppm.ps to create
a PICT format (claimed by pbmplus).  But there isn't a single time I can open
the file with CANVAS.  I have done that in many different ways (Use ResEdit
on the Mac to edit the file type and file creator, etc.......).  But I never
succeed.  Can anyone give me any suggestions?  Thanks.


Ivan
From: AKayser@dnpap.et.tudelft.nl (Alfred Kayser)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
Subject: Re: psroff generates huge files
Date: 7 Apr 92 20:20:56 GMT
Organization: Delft University of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering

brown@vidiot.UUCP (Vidiot) writes:
>In article <1992Apr03.160755.13148@brtph560.bnr.ca> psycho@brtpa25.bnr.ca (Paul Jezioranski) writes:
><A 25 page man file took up almost 800k of disk space when I "psroff"ed it.
><I checked out the file and it appears that psroff grid maps each character to
><the page as follows:
><
>[...]
><
><The words in the sentence above are "of time, people have been". This seems
><very wasteful when compared to another postscript file I have that does 
><sentences/paragraphs like this:
><
><(of time, people have been) 72 712 T
><
><Is there any way to reduce the size of the output file, or am I using an
><outdated version of psroff??

>I don't know what the latest version of psroff does (Chris will let us know),
>but maybe you could change over to groff, which does what you want and gives
>you 100% DWB functions and a few things more.

Sorry for the long include, but psroff as it is installed (version
3.x I believe) does optimize output and outputs data in the form of:

%!PS-Adobe-1.0
 ....... Reasonable long header removed ....
/Times-Bold 9 SetFont
72 649(DESCRIPTION)Y
/Times-Italic 10 SetFont
108 637(gif2ps)Y
/Times-Roman 10 SetFont
137.1(is)X
148.5(a)X
157.6(filter)X
182(which)X
211.1(converts)X
249.8(gif)X
265.6(images)X
298.8(into)X
319.1(PostScript.)X
370.6(The)X
390.8(option)X
421('-eps')X
448.8(enables)X
483.5(EPSF)X
510.6(format,)X
108 625(which)Y
135.8(can)X
153.1(be)X
166(included)X
204(in)X
215.1(for)X
230.1(example)X
267.6(\(La\)Tex)X
304(documents.)X
As you can see, this is really very normal PS code.
(example is excerpt from psroff-ed manpage of 'gif2ps')
--
-- Ir. Alfred Kayser. PACS, OS/2, TCP/IP. --- Email: AKayser@et.tudelft.nl --
-- CARDIT, Delft University of Technology ------------ Tel: (31)-15-786179 --
-- P.O.Box 5031, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands ------ Fax: (31)-15-784898 --
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
From: tdw@batmobil.vuse (Thomas D. Wagner)
Subject: Duplex/Simplex printing on HP IIID
Organization: /nfs/tschuss/users/tdw/.organization
Date: Fri, 10 Apr 1992 02:36:49 GMT


I'm not a postscript programmer. I have hacked at it a bit. We have a
new HP III D with a postscript cartridge. It is set to duplex
mode(front and back on each page...saves paper). The problem is that
we would like to be able to print selected jobs in simplex mode. The
HP docs that came with the PS cartridge say that statusdict contains
the keys that we need to change. The key is /setduplexmode. If true it
duplexes, if false it simplexes. The default is set at the keypad to
duplex. Okay, so I should be able to take some PostScript, insert the
code to set /setduplexmode to false and it should simplex that job.

The code I inserted is
    statusdict /setduplexmode false put

I also tried
    statusdict begin /setduplexmode true def

I inserted this code in two places (in different tries). As the first
bit of code immediately after the leading comments. And as the first
code immediately after the prologue code. Neither works. Always
duplex. 

Can anybody help?

Thanks
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
From: bennett@areaplg2.corp.mot.com (Steve Bennett)
Subject: pstoepsi 
Reply-To: bennett@areaplg2.corp.mot.com
Organization: Motorola, CCR&D, CORP, Schaumburg, IL
Date: Fri, 10 Apr 1992 17:12:40 GMT

Not long ago someone sent me the source to convert ps to epsi using Xnews. I have
misplaced this source and was wondering if someone could send it to me again. The
current version I am using works fine with OpenWindows 2.0 and GS but not
openwindows 3.0. It gives a segmentation fault in ow3.

-- 

#
# Steve Bennett (bennett@mot.com)
#
Organization: William Rainey Harper College; Palatine, IL  60067
Date: Monday, 6 Apr 1992 16:34:44 CST
From: Steve W Hill <SHILL@HARPERVM.BITNET>
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
Subject: Font help for a beginner

I know next-to-nothing about Postscript fonts, so I was wondering if
anyone could either point me to a FAQ list or answer some unbearably
simplistic questions:

How do they work?  I mean, my knowledge of fonts is limited to the
non-postscript world of WordPerfect (MS-DOS) and HP LaserJet fonts.
Do PS soft fonts reside in the printer or on the PC?
Can I take advantage of PS fonts with an IBM PC using either Windows
or DOS WordPerfect and either an Apple Laserwriter IIg or an HP LJ II
with Postscript cartridge?
Where might I find a source of fonts?  I see ads in magazines all the
time showing zillions of wonderful fonts...how can I use them?
Are there public-domain or freeware fonts around (and how can I get
them and use them?)
Where can I go to get all the answers?  Someone recommend a book, or
a recent magazine article or something. Please.

I'm sorry for all these "How do I turn on the PC" questions, but
when one seeks help and knows nothing...

Steve Hill                                       SHILL@HARPERVM.BITNET
Data Communications Technician           William Rainey Harper College
Office of Information Systems          1200 W Algonquin Rd Palatine IL
------''No one in power taking blame.''----Skinny Puppy---------------
Xref: sparky comp.lang.postscript:2715 comp.windows.ms:12780
From: bkph@wheat-chex.ai.mit.edu (Berthold K.P. Horn)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript,comp.windows.ms
Subject: compression of image files in PS
Date: 15 Apr 92 11:13:32 GMT
Followup-To: comp.lang.postscript


There has been some discussion here of compression of image files in
a PostScript job.  Well, the final release of Windows 3.1 has a PostScript
driver that does this.  PSCRIPT.DRV in the retail version of Windows 3.1
uses a simple run-length encoding scheme to compress image files.  The
decompression is done in PostScript.  `Print' to `File' to see the code and
figure out how it works (of course, what you print should include a
gray-level image for the driver to insert the relevant code).

Your mileage may vary.  With either a fast printer (RISC processor), or a
very slow serial link (19,200 baud) you do get a significant speedup. With a
slow printer (ALW II NT, for example) on a fast link (parallel or serial at
57,600 baud) it will slow you down - in some cases a whole lot.  

I don't know whether the compression scheme can be disabled by setting a
flag in WIN.INI.  Let me know if it can, `cause I switched back to an older
version of PSCRIPT.DRV for the time being...

Berthold K.P. Horn
Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
From: jgc@orevax.epm.ornl.gov
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
Subject: Selecting typefaces with HP IIIp Postscript cartridge
Date: 6 Apr 92 03:55:58 GMT
Article-I.D.: orevax.1992Apr6.155558.1
Organization: Oak Ridge National Lab

I cannot select all of the 35 typefaces in my HP IIIp Postscript cartridge.
/New-CenturySchoolbookBold findfont... comes back with
New-CenturySchoolbookBold not found, using Courier. How does one find the
correct spelling/case/format of the typeface name?

jgc@orevax.epm.ornl.gov
From: dd@netlink.cts.com (Donna Druchunas)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
Subject: Re: type 1 font encryption
Date: 12 Apr 92 04:55:52 GMT
Organization: NetLink Online Communications, San Diego CA

taft@adobe.com (Ed Taft) writes:

> In article <N3oZiB1w164w@netlink.cts.com> dd@netlink.cts.com (Donna Druchunas
> >I think the line beginning r= should read:
> > 
> >     r = ((cipher + r) * c1 + c2) % 65536;
> 
> You are correct. The example C program in the Type 1 book depends on the
> type "unsigned short int" being represented in 16 bits. Shame on me for
> assuming this -- I should be flogged with a wet noodle. (If you don't know
> what I'm talking about, go watch the heated debate about "long long" in
> comp.lang.c.)
> -- 
> Ed Taft      taft@adobe.com      ...decwrl!adobe!taft

Hah! No problem, really.  Of course there's the old "never assume" argument 
but I guess it should've been obvious to me.  However, whenever I get too 
deep into PostScript code my head gets *very* muddy.

--                    
INTERNET:  dd@netlink.cts.com (Donna Druchunas)
UUCP:   ...!nosc!ryptyde!netlink!dd
NetLink Online Communications * Public Access in San Diego, CA (619) 435-6181
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
From: ledwards@nsf.gov (Larry Edwards)
Subject: Re: sending ps files from Mac 7.0 using TCP lpr
Keywords: PostScript
Reply-To: ledwards@nsf.gov
Organization: National Science Foundation
Distribution: us
Date: Wed, 15 Apr 1992 17:58:26 GMT

Ken Lui told us how to modify "LaserWriter" (v7.x) on the Mac so that  
PostScript files will print on the NeXT.  I have found that just deleting the  
line 
%%BoundingBox: ? ? ? ? 
will make the file printable on the NeXT.  (It is still not conforming  
PostScript, for example, it prints out backwards.)  The resulting file (without  
the BoundingBox: line) will print not only on a NeXT but also on the Mac and  
PC-DOS.  I tested using a PostScript version of a one page and 5 page Mac 7.0  
WordPerfect document.
I take heart in doing this from the following statement on page 268 of the  
November 1988 Adobe "Red Book."  "The bounding box information is not  
especially useful for a multiple-page document.  In that case, the values given  
should enclose the marks painted on all the pages combined; or the  
'BoundingBox' comment should be omitted altogether."
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
From: burra@sun1.coe (Gangadhar Burra)
Subject: Re: PostScript to HPGL conversion...
Organization: Texas Tech
Date: Thu, 16 Apr 1992 03:11:11 GMT

I wanted to know the same too! We have a HP Draft Pro plotter which only
takes HPGL. Therefore, can somebody suggest a way of converting (may or maynot
be thru ghostscript) a postscript or eps file to HPGL (preferably color
postscript).

Thanks
Gangadhar Burra
Texas Tech University
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
Subject: Re: Is there a postcript viewer for X Windows?
From: kent@conexch.uucp (Kent Behrends)
Date: Wed, 8 Apr 1992 16:31:15 GMT
Distribution: usa
Organization: Consultants Exchange

In article <1992Apr2.144910.3687@mic.ucla.edu> brims@bnkl01.astro.ucla.edu (George Brims) writes:
>If you are using DECwindows (DEC version of X) there is a PS viewer
>built in. Elsewhere I dunno.

Only if you are using a DEC X-window terminal or DEC station. I am using
DECwindows on an NCD terminal and do not have the display-Postscript
extention (but NCD is working on it ;-)


-- 
/* Kent Anthony Behrends | DECUS Macintosh Working Group Chairman    */
/* BEHR Consulting       | DCS:BEHRENDS CIS:72447,2533 OA:Kent at BC */
/* 310.522.0299          | kent@conexch ...uunet!ccicpg!conexch!kent */
From: estes@eecs.ucdavis.edu (Robert Estes)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
Subject: Problem with dvips and PPD files...
Date: 6 Apr 92 22:35:45 GMT
Organization: U.C. Davis - Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Originator: estes@madrone.eecs.ucdavis.edu

Hi,

We've just installed the new version of transcript, and I'm having a couple of 
problems getting dvips to work properly.  The problem has to do with PPD files.

dvips includes the following line:

%Feature:*Resolution: 300dpi

and the transcript software bombs on it.  I'm using the HP IIISi PPD file, which
doesn't contain any

*Resolution: ...

entries.  So there's the problem.  I read the 130 page PPD specification, and 
still can't figure out if its a PPD file problem, or a dvips problem.  I am
guessing that it is a PPD file problem, since *Resolution should be valid.  In
the HP PPD file, there are *DefaultResolution and *?Resolution entries, but no 
*Resolution entry. The examples in the spec also do not have any *Resolution 
entries. In the spec. it states that the entry in a *DefaultResolution must be 
defined in a corresponding *Resolution entry, so what gives.

If anyone can help, that would be great.  Otherwise, maybe someone out there
knows a mailing address for Adobe.  I coiuldn't seem to find one in the docs.

By the way, we're running transcript 3.0 on an HP 720 running HPUX 8.05.

Thanks,
Robert Estes
estes@eecs.ucdavis.edu
From: hakimian@yoda.eecs.wsu.edu (Karl Hakimian - staff)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
Subject: Underline font
Keywords: underline font faq
Date: 7 Apr 92 02:44:43 GMT
Article-I.D.: serval.1992Apr7.024443.20428
Organization: Washington State University
Originator: hakimian@yoda.eecs.wsu.edu

This may be a stupid question, but how do you under line a word in a particular
font?

What I hope the answer is not is to draw a line under it. Fonts seem to come
with underline information built in (ie. underline postion and underline width).
How do you use this information.

If this is an easy question and I overlooked the obvious, please give me the
answer along with the flames. :-)

BTW I looked in the three Adobe books to find an example of underlined text. I
did not see any.

---
Karl Hakimian
hakimian@yoda.eecs.wsu.edu
-- 

Karl Hakimian
hakimian@yoda.eecs.wsu.edu
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
From: jadams@ux2.cso.uiuc.edu (Jeffrey J. Adams - Invoice)
Subject: >"Other" page sizes
 
Organization: University of Illinois at Urbana
Date: Thu, 9 Apr 1992 06:24:29 GMT

Experimenting with Aldus Freehand on a Mac and creating a PS file
with Lino 300 printer specifications, I believe I found the line I
need:

statusdict begin 504 1476 0 1 setpageparams end

Does anyone know if this is the line I need (or more) to specify
a custom page size for a Lino 300 with postscript generated
by a NeXT.

Jeffrey Adams
NeXT Registered Developer
From: george@mech.seas.upenn.edu
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
Subject: Re: Underline font
Keywords: underline font faq
Date: 10 Apr 92 02:11:26 GMT
Organization: University of Pennsylvania, Mechanical Engineering

:You draw a line under it.  Sorry, but PostScript fonts do not have underline
:stuff in them, only the info about the character itself.
:

but this line is either too low, or it cuts through the descendants..
Surely there must be a slick way to break the underline around
the descendants.


--
-george            george@mech.seas.upenn.edu  
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
From: rcain@netcom.com (Robert Cain)
Subject: Re: Wanted: Postscript -> HPGL Convertor
Date: Thu, 09 Apr 92 05:28:45 GMT
Organization: Netcom - Online Communication Services  (408 241-9760 guest) 

betz@pinecrest.nsc.com (Gary Betz) writes:
: I am looking for a Postscript to HPGL convertor. Any leads would 
: be appreciated. Please reply via Email if possible. 
: 

You are then looking for a PostScript interpreter.  Ghostscript is available
but I am not sure it has a HPGL driver.

Bob
-- 
Bob Cain    rcain@netcom.com   408-358-2007

"There are some strings.  They're just not attached."
                                                    Victoria Roberts
From: dd@netlink.cts.com (Donna Druchunas)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
Subject: type 1 font encryption
Date: 10 Apr 92 00:40:46 GMT
Article-I.D.: netlink.N3oZiB1w164w
Organization: NetLink Online Communications, San Diego CA

Does anyone out there have the Addison Weseley book on Adobe Type 1 
Font Format (the "White Book"?)?  I was reading page 62 which gives 
the algorithm used for encryption and ran something that I think is 
wrong (but sometimes I have to wonder about *my* thought processes 
<grin>).  Here's the problem:
 
The algorithm states that you need to:
 
     A. Assign the high order 8 bits of R to a temporary variable, T.
      
     B. Ecslusive-OR P with T, producing a ciphertext byte, C.
 
     C. Compute the next value of R by the formula ((C+R) x c1 + 
     c2) mod 65536, where c1 is 52845 (decimal) and c2 is 22719 
     (decimal). 
 
The code ('C') given to perform this algorithm is as follows:
 
     unsigned short int r; 
     unsigned short int c1;
     unsigned short int c2;
 
     unsigned char Encryp(plain) unsigned char plain;
     {unsigned char cipher;
     cipher = (plain ^ (r>>8);
     r = (chipher + r) * c1 + c2;
     return cipher;
     }
 
I think the line beginning r= should read:
 
     r = ((cipher + r) * c1 + c2) % 65536;
 
Or am I missing something?  I'd appreciate it if anyone who has 
this book would take a look at this page (and the following page 
concerning decryption which has an identical "typo" <?>) and let me 
know what you think.

Please reply via email (dd@netlink.cts.com) because I've been SWAMPED latel
y                                                                            
and haven't been able to keep up with the traffic here.

Thanx.


--                    
INTERNET:  dd@netlink.cts.com (Donna Druchunas)
UUCP:   ...!nosc!ryptyde!netlink!dd
NetLink Online Communications * Public Access in San Diego, CA (619) 435-6181
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
From: mckay@physics.su.OZ.AU (Derek Mckay)
Subject: Re: Underlinig Text
Summary: It is possible to have an auto-underline function!
Organization: School of Physics, University of Sydney, Australia
Date: Fri, 10 Apr 1992 02:22:04 GMT

hakimian@yoda.eecs.wsu.edu writes that he would like to see a function or
similar that automatically calculates and places an underline for text.

This *is* possible (unlike the previous responses which have indicated
otherwise) and may be accomplished using the font dictionaries.

In each font dictionary there are two variables (amongst others):

UnderlinePosition
UnderlineThickness

As I am unable to work out how to get the dictionary open I can't help any
further but the reference is...

PostScript Language Reference Manual (the red book :-) ) pp90-95.

If anyone can help out let us know, thanks...

Derek.

--
 Derek McKay, Chatterton Astronomy Dept.  (mckay@astron.physics.su.oz.au)
 School of Physics (A28)
 University of Sydney, NSW 2006
 AUSTRALIA
From: decouty@irisa.fr (Bertrand Decouty, AB112, [99 84] 73 46, Atelier)
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
Subject: PPST 3.1 results for the CANON CLC 300 PS
Date: 14 Apr 92 14:33:07 GMT
Reply-To: decouty@irisa.fr
Organization: IRISA-INRIA, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, FRANCE

These are the results of PPST-3.1 running on a brand Canon CLC-300 PS, with the Canon RIP (PS-IPU):

Canon PS-IPU Color Laser Copier (24MB, Mips R3000 20MHz)
PS= 52.3 Rev 0
PPST= 3.1
Time (this printer index):
	Graphics: 	0.5625 	(95.2)
	RAM & fonts:	0.6875	(93.2)
	Math:		1.5000	(25.7)
	Total:		2.7500	(56.8)

Not so bad :-)

---
| Bertrand DECOUTY             | EMAIL : Bertrand.Decouty@IRISA.fr                |
| IRISA - INRIA (Atelier)      |         {uunet,mcsun,inria}!irisa!decouty        |
| Campus de Beaulieu           | PHONE : +33  99 84 73 46                         |
| F-35042 Rennes Cedex - FRANCE| FAX   : +33  99 38 38 32 | TELEX: 950473 UNIRISA |
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
From: vinay@sparc5.cs.ttu.edu (Vinay Mahendra)
Subject: Color Postscript printers
Organization: Texas Tech
Date: Thu, 9 Apr 1992 16:19:26 GMT

Has there ever been a survey of all the color postscript printers
available (cost vs performance etc...). If so, I would appreciate
some help in getting to it.

Thanks
Gangadhar Burra
Texas Tech University
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
From: rcd@raven.eklektix.com (Dick Dunn)
Subject: Re: Underline font
Organization: eklektix - Boulder, Colorado
Date: Sun, 12 Apr 1992 18:53:15 GMT

>:You draw a line under it.  Sorry, but PostScript fonts do not have underline
>:stuff in them, only the info about the character itself.

george@mech.seas.upenn.edu writes:
>but this line is either too low, or it cuts through the descendants..
>Surely there must be a slick way to break the underline around
>the descendants.

Yes, you can't make underlining look good for exactly the reason George
mentions.  But even if you could break the underline around the descenders,
that would have its own problems.  The breaks would create a sort of visual
"noise".  There are problem letters--consider the two-bowl style of "g":
Either you break the underline outside the bowl, which leaves the entire
letter without underlining, or you try to show a little chunk inside the
bowl, which will create a distracting dark region and more horizontal
noise.

The "right" answer to the problem sounds impertinent - the slick way is
not to use underlining at all.  To a first approximation, underlining is a
substitute for a font change.  If you're in a position to worry about the
appearance of underlining with good fonts and reasonable leading, you
should be able to replace the underlining with appropriate font changes.
Don't underline!

(The most notable exception--where underlining is required--is legal text.
This is hide-bound; it *must* be presented with bad typography.  Don't
worry about it; just think of the poor readability as being consistent with
the incomprehensibility of the text.:-)
_ _ _ _ _

I can think of a way to do what George suggests, but I don't think I'd call
it "slick":  Draw the underline first.  Next, switch to white and render
the charpath for the string with a relatively fat stroke--this will break
the underlines just outside of where the characters will go.  Finally,
switch back to black and render the text normally.
-- 
Dick Dunn    rcd@raven.eklektix.com   -or-   raven!rcd    Boulder, Colorado
	...Simpler is better.
Newsgroups: comp.lang.postscript
From: acunger@socrates.umd.edu (Arnie Unger)
Subject: How to print a PS script
Organization: University of Maryland University College
Distribution: usa
Date: Thu, 9 Apr 1992 23:14:18 GMT

I have downloaded one of the comp.mail postscript files,
but I can't seem to get it to print. I keep getting the
listing, as opposed to the map. What am I doing wrong?
I am using an IBM 4029-30 with PS option. Thanks.

=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
= Arnie Unger (acunger@socrates.umd.edu)  | University of Maryland      = 
=                                         | University College          = 
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=