HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: dlyons@Apple.COM (David A Lyons)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
Subject: Re: System Loader help anyone?
Date: 19 Nov 92 03:00:38 GMT
Organization: Apple Computer Inc., Cupertino, CA

In article <BxqK1K.1A7@news.iastate.edu> irsman@iastate.edu (That Ian Guy) writes:
>Does anyone know if there's any way to load an OMF file from memory that's
>>64k?  InitialLoad2's input types 2 and 4 both insist on a filesize of 2 bytes,
>which is ludicrous considering it can load any size file from disk...I need to
>be able to do this so you can see the GS<>IRC demo sometime this century. :/

It's a limitation of the Loader.  To load OMF larger than 64K you have to
do it from disk.  (See the Apple IIgs Technical Note "Risking Resourceful
Code.")
-- 
David A. Lyons, Apple Computer, Inc.      |   DAL Systems
Apple II System Software Engineer         |   P.O. Box 875
Internet:dlyons@apple.com                 |   Cupertino, CA 95015-0875

My opinions are my own, not Apple's.
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
From: robm@ecr.mu.OZ.AU (Robert Mueller)
Subject: Re: Editors
Organization: Dept. Of Engineering Computer Resources, Uni. Of Melbourne
Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 04:32:32 GMT


In article <9211160348.AA07941@chasm.scar.utoronto.ca>, 90taobri@CHASM.SCAR.UTORONTO.CA (TAO  BRIAN T) writes:
> The following revelation escaped Robert Mueller's lips:
> > 
> > Microemacs is quite nice, but it's so SLOW loading files!!
> > I don't want to wait years just to load my asm source.
> 
>     How big are your source files?!?  uemacs is on the slow side when
> loading files compared to other editors, but it isn't *that* slow.  It
> has so many other features that make up for this one shortcoming.  Like
> being able to turn it into a mail reader, for instance.  ;-)

I usually work with relatively large asm source files that sometimes,
though rarely, exceed 64K. The problem is that I often switch between
the shell and the editor so reloading a file quickly is a great help.
The editor I currently use is ROSE, purely for shear speed. I don't
need hundreds of fancy commands that I'll never use, I prefer a FAST
editor with the basic search and replace commands. ROSE is also handy
for asm source with things like keypad-= ontop of a label jumping to
the piece of code corresponding to that label.

Rob
/--------------------------------------------------------------------\
| Robert Mueller - robm@ecr.mu.oz.au  |   First year Sci/Eng student |
| Ask me about Desktop Utilities 3.3! |   University of Melbourne    |
\--------------------------------------------------------------------/
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
From: gudat@avalon.physik.unizh.ch (gudat henrik)
Subject: FPE- thanks guys
Organization: Informatik Club d. Universitaet, Zuerich
Date: Sun, 15 Nov 1992 19:17:47 GMT

Thanks to all those who sent me mails regarding my FPE questions.

In the meantime, I could borrow a FPE from Mr. Brunner, the most
friendly Apple dealer on this planet. (BORROW!)

I've also modified GSymbolix - it calls now the FPE directly which
results in a dramatic speed increase of wopping 200% when evaluating
formulae.
(An upgrade will be available in two or three months. No stress
please..)

henrik
-- 
Bright Software CH   gudat@avalon.physik.unizh.ch   Bright Software USA
P.O. Box 18          any demo: US$3.00              P.O. Box 120
4153 Reinach 2       info on GSymbolix, ShadowDial, Exeter, ME 04435-0120
Switzerland          Gate, SpaceFox, Mandelbrot     U.S.A.
From: Rob@metrodata.com     
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
Subject: Just testing
Date: Sun, 15 Nov 92 16:45:17 EST

Just testing out our connection here at Metrodata.com Columbus, Ohio.

Nice to see the Proline community still active as ever!  Anyone remember
Pro-Works, my old board?

Hello Morgan Davis!  Hows that new UUCP comming?  Were ready to put it to use
here when it ready.
                         Rob@metrodata.com
                         (614) 777-2030
                         Coluxxxtroxt tr
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
From: behrenss@hphalle6.informatik.tu-muenchen.de (Soenke Behrens)
Subject: Re: RamFAST & GS/OS cache
Organization: Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Germany
Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 12:26:54 GMT
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.1 PL7]

Todd P. Whitesel (toddpw@cco.caltech.edu) wrote:
: hal@budapest.math.macalstr.edu (Harold Byron Bouma) writes:
: >> I am going to bug Drew to support GS/OS cache :)
: >	Good, you should. Its much better caching and the GS will improve from 
: >it. Even the Turbo IDE card does it as well.
: Drew's position on this is that the method the RamFast currently uses is faster
: than it would be if he supported GS/OS caching. This is because the GS/OS cache
: has to (a) find the block by searching a list, and (b) manually move the block
: to the caller. So for data blocks the GS/OS cache is generally going to be
: slower than the RamFast unless you have a very fast Zip. But for directory
: blocks, the GS/OS cache makes a lot of sense _IF_ the FST's are smart enough
: to directly search for them in the cache rather than calling the driver and
: forcing a manual copy into the FST's own memory (which is also usually going to
: be slower than just blasting the block in from the RamFast).

Well, all I can give you is some experience: When copying a load of files, my
RF's performance drops. The Turbo IDE, which uses GS/OS caching (but only
for directory blocks and such) performs much better in that respect.

Soenke

--
===========================================================================
More than silver, more than gold, I need   !    behrenss@informatik.
electricity. I need it for my dreams.      !    tu-muenchen.de
(RACTER)                                   !  FIDO: 2:246/13 Soenke Behrens
From: uerics@mcl.ucsb.edu (Eric D. Shepherd)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
Subject: Re: Many Monitors???
Date: 21 Nov 92 19:20:09 GMT

With the Video Overlay Card, you can connect two monitors, each showing a
different image.  'Course, somebody would have to write code to support
whatever you'd like to do with that, but hey... that's no biggie, right **
sarcastic chuckle **. :)

- Eric S.

--
Eric D. Shepherd                   | Apple II Alliance Charter Member
InterNet: uerics@mcl.mcl.ucsb.edu  |           ACM Member
FidoNet:  1:206/2713 Eric Shepherd | Programming Law #1: "When in
AOL:      Sheppy                   | doubt, rewrite from scratch."
From: fmlin@terapin.com (Frank M. Lin)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
Subject: what is error "restart = 01"
Date: 17 Nov 92 14:17:14 PST
Organization: BBS

Subject says it all... what is "restart=$01" ( or "restart=01 ) in ProDOS 8?

I get this message when I load up ProTERM 3 sometimes.  One interesting thing
to note, If I keep the voltage at 5.4v, this message tend to go away, if I go
to about 5.5v or 5.6v, this message would come up very frequently.

Thanks.

Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
From: David.Empson@bbs.actrix.gen.nz
Subject: Re: Hi-Speed Modems and //c
Organization: Actrix Information Exchange
Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 07:01:17 GMT

In article <c8922369.722093903@jupiter.newcastle.edu.au> c8922369@jupiter.newcastle.edu.au (Leon James Garde) writes:
> c8922369@jupiter.newcastle.edu.au (Leon James Garde) writes:
> 
> >>Since it seems that high-speed modems require hardware handshaking to
> >>operate properly, am I correct in assuming my //c will not properly handle
> >>a 9600 bps modem?  Ya know, with my crippled little 5-pin serial port and
> >>all...
> >I have the 6551  pinouts,   what should I do to connect a 25 pin to the chip 
> >direct ?
> 
> in answering my own question, I looked at my //c's board.
> the 4 serial port wires connect the AMI S6551P chips, through 
> SIB and SOB, assumably for serial input buffer and serial output buffer.
> 
> what are MC1488 (sob) and MC1489 (sib) ??? what do they do ?

The 1488 and 1489 convert between TTL signals (as used by the 6551)
and RS-232 signals (as used between computers).  The voltages involved
are quite different.  RS-232 uses -3 to -25 volts to indicate a logic
"1" and +3 to +25 volts to indicate a logic "0", while TTL uses 2.0 to
5.0 volts for a "1" and 0.0 to 0.7 volts for a "0".

If you don't know this sort of thing already, you shouldn't be
fiddling around with a soldering iron on RS-232 signals!

Trying to feed RS-232 signals directly into a 6551 will NOT work, and
you will damage the chip.  You have to go through the level converters
(1488 and 1489) but I suspect you will find that there are no spare
converters in a IIc.  The IIc only has four transmit and receive
signals (two of each for each port) so probably has a single 1488 and
1489 which are shared by the two ports.


What do you want to do this for, anyway?

You will not be able to get a high speed modem working with a IIc,
because the 6551's output flow control lines interfere with transmit
and receive data and interrupts (depending which one you use).
-- 
David Empson

Internet: David.Empson@bbs.actrix.gen.nz    EMPSON_D@kosmos.wcc.govt.nz
Snail mail: P.O. Box 27-103, Wellington, New Zealand
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
From: c8922369@jupiter.newcastle.edu.au (Leon James Garde)
Subject: Re: Hi-Speed Modems and //c
Organization: Uni of Newcastle, Australia
Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 08:37:43 GMT

David.Empson@bbs.actrix.gen.nz writes:

>The 1488 and 1489 convert between TTL signals (as used by the 6551)
>and RS-232 signals (as used between computers).  The voltages involved
>are quite different.  RS-232 uses -3 to -25 volts to indicate a logic
>"1" and +3 to +25 volts to indicate a logic "0", while TTL uses 2.0 to
>5.0 volts for a "1" and 0.0 to 0.7 volts for a "0".

>If you don't know this sort of thing already, you shouldn't be
>fiddling around with a soldering iron on RS-232 signals!

Um. I did know the RS--232 standard was like that, I didnt think there
was going to be a need for the bufffers.


>Trying to feed RS-232 signals directly into a 6551 will NOT work, and
>you will damage the chip.  You have to go through the level converters
yes, of course !
>converters in a IIc.  The IIc only has four transmit and receive
>signals (two of each for each port) so probably has a single 1488 and
>1489 which are shared by the two ports.
thats right, one sib, one sob.



>You will not be able to get a high speed modem working with a IIc,
>because the 6551's output flow control lines interfere with transmit
>and receive data and interrupts (depending which one you use).
yes, i ve hearf that. Pity the only cmos in a //c is the 65c02.
(I tested them all, all chips were hot at operating temperature, except
the cmos processor ! :)


leon
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
From: grover@emunix.emich.edu (Grover Thomas)
Subject: Re: Old Ram Card
Organization: Eastern Michigan University
Distribution: usa
Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 09:22:44 GMT

In article <1992Nov18.072931.22370@mnemosyne.cs.du.edu> asantaan@nyx.cs.du.edu (A.J. Santa Ana) writes:
>
>I'm going to receive my 4meg ram card anyday now and I was wondering if I
>could use my old 1 meg ram card as a ram disk in a different slot.
>
>If you could how would you do it?
>
>Woudl I have 4.25 megs of Ram when I do get my card in?

Yes, with your new RAM card you will have 4.25MB of RAM (assuming that you
have a ROM 01 GS).

Unless your new card is a CV Tech RAM card with the "piggyback" expander,
your old 1MB is pretty useless to you.  You may want to try and sell it,
or keep it around for "emergency purposes" or something.
-- 
 __                                                                        __
(__)  Grover Thomas                   InterNet:  grover@emunix.emich.edu  (__
(__)                                                                      (__)
(__)                                                                      (__)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
From: cjs@ausom.oz.au (Cameron Silver)
Subject: Re: Scanlines??
Date: Mon, 16 Nov 1992 23:31:04 GMT
Organization: AUSOM - The Apple Users Society of Melbourne

kentm@aix.rpi.edu (Michael V. Kent) writes:

>In article <1992Nov15.110258.29066@cis.ohio-state.edu> meekins@tortoise.cis.ohio-state.edu (Tim Meekins) writes:
>>
>>So, is is possible to change the palette halfway across a scanline,
>>resulting in 32-color (actually, 16 colors on the left, 16 colors on the
>>right)?
>>
>>The answer is no for two reasons:
>>
>>3. I only said two reasons, but here's a 3rd :) You can't read the
>>   horizontal position accurtely, so the point of palette change on
>>   a scanline could be quite a few pixels off, making the colors change 
>>   at the wrong place.

>I make no quibbles about points one and two, but I've seen some damned im-
>pressive border animation that was only a few pixels wide.  FTA's Split
>Demo was impressive, but there was another group whose name escapes me at
>the moment who did things even more impressive.  Isn't the same horizontal
>positioning used for border animation as would be for palette switching?

>Mike

>-- 
>Michael Kent                                   kentm@rpi.edu
>McDonnell Douglas                              Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

>Tute Screwed Aero Class of '92                              Apple II Forever !!
I just downloaded an animation disk. It had Poms 48,49,50 as well as Toolbax
mags 1-6 ... andway .. Toolbox Mag 3 has a music player (like soundsmith,
soniq tracker/mod zap .. all the usually ones) in the bottom border of the
screen ... At first I didn't realize .. but it's pritty impressive! .. Different
colours too!

-- 
Cameron Silver

Auto reply does not work (sorry...). Reply to internet address:
-->cjs%ausom.oz@sol.cc.deakin.oz.au                :-)
From: 90taobri@CHASM.SCAR.UTORONTO.CA (TAO  BRIAN T)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
Subject: Lost mail
Date: 16 Nov 92 03:47:56 GMT
Distribution: world
Organization: University of Toronto (Scarborough) Computing Services


    Due to a strange version of 'sed' on one of the machines at
school, my mail file was nuked while downloading it to MuGS.  All mail
was dated November 15 (I took a quick look from ELM).  If anyone sent
me e-mail at 90taobri@chasm.scar.utoronto.ca from around that time,
please re-send it!  Apologies to all for the extra hassle.  All MuGS
beta-testers will be glad to know the 'collect' script has been
modified to prevent such an occurrence in the future.  :)  
--
-=+ Brian Tao (taob@r-node.pci.on.ca, 90taobri@chasm.scar.utoronto.ca) +=-
                                   -=+=-
     -=+ MuGS: The Only Internet Mail Reader For The Apple IIGS! +=-
From: fmlin@terapin.com (Frank M. Lin)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
Subject: did I lose any e-mails?
Date: 16 Nov 92 13:18:24 PST
Organization: BBS

This bbs I'm calling from, which gets newsfeeds from Netcom went down from Oct.
29 through around Nov. 12.  What happens to the mails ( if there were any )? 
Is it kept by Netcom until the bbs is ready to receive again?  I guess I should
be asking Netcom.

Anyway, if anyone mailed me during that period, please mail me again.

Thanks.
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
Subject: Re: Apple SSC and CTS/RTS choking on the 6551
From: David.Empson@bbs.actrix.gen.nz
Date: Sun, 22 Nov 1992 12:09:42 GMT
Organization: Actrix Information Exchange

In article <1992Nov20.210357.24001@mintaka.lcs.mit.edu> johnp@silver.lcs.mit.edu (John Palaima) writes:
> Does anyone know a hardware cure for fixing the screwy 6551 on the
> SSC card other than replacing it with the CMOS..it fixes the problem
> but the timing ould be too far off 

Please elaborate.  What do you mean by "the timing would be too far
off"?  The 6551 and 65C51 have nearly identical bus interface
timings characteristics.

I gather your problem with the 6551 is that CTS kills the trasmitter,
RTS kills the transmitter, DTR kills the receiver AND the transmitter,
and DCD kills the receiver.

On the 65C51, CTS still kills the transmitter, but it lets a partial
byte through.  Similarly, DCD kills the receiver but lets a partial
byte through.

The other signals behave as before - turning off RTS will disable the
transmitter, turning off DTR will disable all transmit and receive (and
interrupts).
-- 
David Empson

Internet: David.Empson@bbs.actrix.gen.nz    EMPSON_D@kosmos.wcc.govt.nz
Snail mail: P.O. Box 27-103, Wellington, New Zealand
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
id <m0msfP5-0000iAC@crash.cts.com>; Fri, 20 Nov 92 12: 56 PST
	id <kk45524@pro-nsdapple.cts.com>; Fri, 20 Nov 92 12: 38 PST
From: tomk@pro-nsdapple.cts.com (Tom Kelly)
Subject: Re: Wanted: good word processor  for ][e
Organization: ProLine [pro-nsdapple] - North San Diego Apple Users Group
Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 12:17:59 PST

In <mdc.722178905@crux1.cit.cornell.edu>
mdc@crux1.cit.cornell.edu (Mark D. Crimmins) writes:
>I'm wondering if there is software available that I don't know about.
>In particular, I need a word processor that does footnotes, and
>basically is flexible enough to prepare manuscripts for journal
>articles that involve no fancy stuff like equations or diagrams.  The
>printer will be either a Deskjet or Bubblejet.  I have an old version
>of Appleworks, and to my recollection it does not do footnotes.
>Any advice would be very much appreciated.
>Thanks,
>Mark Crimmins
>mdc@crux1.cit.cornell.edu

I downloaded a program that works with Time Out UltraMacros that will give
AppleWorks footnotes.  I have never used it.  Send me E-Mail for more info.
id <m0mqiMe-0000JzC@crash.cts.com>; Sun, 15 Nov 92 03: 42 PST
	id <kf11597@pro-harold.cts.com>; Sun, 15 Nov 92 03: 13 PST
	id <kf20851@pro-scat.cts.com>; Sun, 15 Nov 92 05: 47 EST
From: bslog@pro-scat.cts.com (Bill Logsdon)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
Subject: Old question...
Date: 15 Nov 92 10:12:08 GMT
Organization: ProLine [pro-scat] St. Petersburg, Florida.


Well, I have what is probably an FAQ, that I need assistance with...

I finally broke down and removed Sonics from my HD, just too many
compatability problems.... 

I have since tried using the sound cedv that came with sys 6, and used
rsound to do conversions.... to no avail....

can someone provide better instructions/recommendations for converting
stuff to rsounds, and getting the sys to recognize em?
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
From: grover@emunix.emich.edu (Grover Thomas)
Subject: CV-Ram 8MB card
Summary: What's all this about a "new" 8MB RAM card 
Organization: Eastern Michigan University
Distribution: usa
Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 09:31:10 GMT

With all this talk currently going on about RAMcards and such, I just
found an interesting advertisement from TMS Peripherals:

C.V. Technologies
NEW!!!

CV-RAM
The NEW CV-Ram comes with 4Mbs already installed and is user expandable to
8Mbs utilizing standard 1x4 DRAMs.  Fully DMA comaptible...etc,etc,etc...

The prices shown for this "new" 8MB card seem reasonable (4MB=$185,
5MB=$221, 6MB=$257, 7MB=$293, 8MB=$329) for a single card.

So, has anybody heard of this new 8MB CV-RAM card?
Is it real, or just the old "piggyback" card and the Sequential Systems card?
-- 
 __                                                                        __
(__)  Grover Thomas                   InterNet:  grover@emunix.emich.edu  (__
(__)                                                                      (__)
(__)                                                                      (__)
From: yoshi@atlantis.CS.ORST.EDU (Yoshi the Dino.)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
Subject: 4MB Ram cards... Which one(s)?
Keywords: RAM
Date: 18 Nov 92 01:35:59 GMT
Article-I.D.: leela.1992Nov18.013559.13075
Organization: Computer Science Outreach Services - Oregon State University


	I am currently interested in getting a RAM update for my GS.
1.25MB isn't enough anymore... 'pecially since VIAD is out. :)

	I'm having a hell of a time finding out which companies sell
4MB RAM cards; and if I -DO- find a system, which card is good, and
somewhat cheap.

	I saw an ad in the _Learning Services_ magazine from Sequential
Systems, selling the "RAM GS" 4MB RAM card for $149.95. I called Seq.
Systems, and asked them how much the 4MB RAM card they sold would cost.
"Are you an educator?" 'Sure' "Well it'll cost you $179.97"... Whats
the deal? This magazine I recieved about 2 months ago...

	So anyways, is there a 4MB card which is CHEAPER than $179.97?
I also saw an ad from some company called "PaceMark" for a card called
"IIGS Super RAM" which is a 4MB Memory card that uses 1MB SIMMs. I've
never heard of this company before, therefore I don't really trust them.
The price for this card is $89.95 /w 1MB already installed. Updates are
$40 a 1MB SIMM. Pretty expensive. 

	If anyone is selling a card which has 4MB or more on it, and it
works nicely on your GS, -I AM INTERESTED-. I wanna try to get this card
before the RAM-Chip prices go even higher into the sky....

			Thanx.
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
From: tbc@netcom.com (Mike Garvey)
Subject: Re: ATTENTION high-speed modem users!
Organization: Netcom - Online Communication Services (408 241-9760 guest)
Date: Mon, 16 Nov 1992 04:08:56 GMT

In a prior missive, kimba@gnh-cathouse.cts.com (Kim Brennan) eloquently
scribed this stuff:

>The only problem with making software conform to a strange hardware
>configuration is that it restricts you to using ONLY software that supports
>that hardware configuration. Plus it also makes it damn hard for novices to
>have any hope of getting hardware that then supports that software.

Good point. It is one reason why I'm leaning toward sticking with one cable
design and getting as many software workarounds as possible. I think we're
getting there with the GS, and we have a little ways to go with the SSC.

(Wanders off mumbling something about I'm still gathering info here)

Be seeing you...
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
=  The Black Cursor (c) & TM  -=-  Sysop: Valhalla -- an Ogg-Net BBS  =
=  Internet: tbc@netcom.com   -=-  (415) 221-4370  300-14,400bps 8N1  =
=  GEnie: TBC   "No sir, I don't like it." - The Ren and Stimpy Show  =
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Newsgroups: comp.sys.apple2
From: ddkilzer@iastate.edu (David D Kilzer)
Subject: Re: GEnie gateway (was Re: Applelink gateway)
Cc: David.Empson@bbs.actrix.gen.nz
Organization: Iowa State University, Ames, IA
Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1992 20:23:54 GMT

David.Empson@bbs.actrix.gen.nz writes:
>ddkilzer@iastate.edu (David D Kilzer) writes:
>> >GEnie will soon have an InterNet gateway...
>> 
>> They already do.  The charge is $2 one-time fee, plus $.30 for each 5K
>> chunk of text per letter plus $.30 for the left-over chunk.  The address
>> is:
>> 
>> username@genie.geis.com
>
>To whom do they charge these fees?  The only answer that makes sense
>is the GEnie subscriber (i.e. the recipient of the mail message).  Do
>they get charged the $2 fee when they receive their first Internet
>E-Mail message?

No.  The GEnie subscriber must sign up for this service.  If you try to
send a mail message to a GEnie user who has not signed up, you get a
weird returned-mail message back, WITHOUT a copy of your original
message.

Also, note that the GEnie subscriber is charged for each 5K chunk of
mail coming IN or going OUT!  This means that they pay for mail they
receive AND mail they send!  I'd say that was pretty stupid....

>How does a GEnie subscriber send mail TO an Internet address?

I don't know...I'm not subscribed to GEnie.  I DO know (thru a friend
who has a GEnie account) that anyone you want to send e-mail to on the
Internet MUST have an address of 35 characters or less (total).  For
example, my address, "ddkilzer@iastate.edu" is 20 charcters.  This
restriction sounds really funny...I have no idea why it would be placed
on e-mail.

Does anyone who has a GEnie account know any more about this?

Dave
-- 
David D. Kilzer               \                ST:TNG _Relics_
ddkilzer@iastate.edu          /       Capt. Montgomery Scott ("Scotty")
Computer Engineer 3rd Class   \   "I may be a captain by rank, but I never
Iowa State University, Ames   /    wanted to be anything but an engineer."