From: jloup@chorus.fr (Jean-loup Gailly)
Newsgroups: comp.compression,news.answers
Subject: comp.compression Frequently Asked Questions (part 3/3)
Summary: *** READ THIS BEFORE POSTING ***
Keywords: data compression, FAQ
Date: 7 Jan 93 18:20:48 GMT
Expires: 15 Feb 93 16:17:20 GMT
Reply-To: jloup@chorus.fr
Followup-To: comp.compression
Supersedes: <compr3_5jan93@chorus.fr>

Archive-name: compression-faq/part3
Last-modified: Jan 5th, 1993

This file is part 3 of a set of Frequently Asked Questions for the
groups comp.compression and comp.compression.research.
If you did not get part 1 or 2, you can get them by ftp
on rtfm.mit.edu [18.72.1.58] in directory
   /pub/usenet/news.answers/compression-faq

It looks as if this part 3 (sent on Jan 5th) also got lost,
so I am sending it for the second time (Jan 7th). Sorry.

If you don't want to see this FAQ regularly, please add the subject
line to your kill file. If you have corrections or suggestions for
this FAQ, send them to Jean-loup Gailly <jloup@chorus.fr>.  Thank you.

Contents
========

Part 3: (Long) list of image compression hardware

[85] Image compression hardware
[99] Acknowledgments


Search for "Subject: [#]" to get to question number # quickly. Some news
readers can also take advantage of the message digest format used here.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Subject: [85] Image compression hardware

Here is a list of sources of image compression hardware (JPEG, MPEG,
H.261 and others), reposted with the author's permission.  The list is
probably a little dated already, but it is a good starting point for
seeking compression chips.  References are taken from:

   VIDEO COMPRESSION OPTIONS, IEEE CICC 6-May-92
   John J. Bloomer, jbloomer@crd.ge.com, Fathy F. Yassa, Aiman A. Abdel-Malek
   General Electric Corporate R&D, KWC317 Signals and Systems Laboratory
   PO Box 8, Schenectady NY, 12301

Some comments are from C. Fogg <cfogg@u.washington.edu> and George Warner
<warnergt@aloft.att.com>.


 Pipelined Processors, Building Blocks (Chip Sets)
 -------------------------------------------------

STI3200, IMSA121, STI3208 - SGS-Thompson DCT processors.  602-867-6279
	- 3200 has multiple block size options, DC to 13.5 MHz
	- A121 8x8 fixed blocks, DC to 20MHz, add/sub loop, CCITT compatible
	- 3208 8x8 fixed blocks, DC to 40MHz, CCITT compatible at 20MHz

STI3220 - SGS-Thompson motion estimator (H.261, MPEG).  602-867-6279
	- 8-bit input pixels, 4-bit H and V vectors out
	- adjustable block size matcher (8x8, 8x16, 16x16)
	- +7/-8 search window
	- 5V, 2W at 18MHz (max), 68 pin PLCC

L64765 , L64735 , L64745 - 3-chip LSI Logic JPEG set.  408-433-4383
	- L64765 raster-to-block and color-space converter, jointly developed
          with Rapid Tech.
	- L64735 block DCT processor
	- L64745 JPEG coder support, stand-alone lossless DPCM codec, dynamic
          Huffman
	- 27 MB/s on CCIR601 frames
	- minimal support logic, color and gray scale
	- 68-pin PGA or PLCC, 27 and 20 MHz versions

L647*0 and L6471* families - LSI Logic H.621/MPEG pieces.  408-433-8000
	- L64720 motion estimator, 30/40MHz, 8x8, 16x16 blocks, 32x32 or 16x16 
          search window, 68-pin CPGA or PPGA
	- L64730 & 735 8x8 DCT processors (12 & 8-9 bits)
	- L64740 8x8 block quantization
	- L64760 intra/inter-frame coding decision
	- L64715 BCH error correction
	- L64750/L64751 variable length encode/decode (H.261-specific)

ZR36020 and ZR36031 - Zoran DCT processor & quantization/encoding. 408-986-1314
	- JPEG-like scheme using 16-bit, two's complement fixed point
          arithmetic
	- includes bit-rate controls for constant # of pictures per card
	- 7.4 MHz, < 1W, 20mW in standby mode, 7.5 frames/s (f/s)
	- 36020 - 44-pin plastic quad flatpack (PQFP) or 48-pin ceramic DIP
	- 36031 - 100-pin PQFP or 85-pin PGA.
	- co-developments with Fuji Photo Film Co. Ltd. digital IC-card
          camera market

	Does 2-passes of image: generate histogram for optimum Huffman
	tables and quantization compute step size (ala H.261 and
	MPEG-I) for each macroblock or minimum coded unit (MCU).

	JPEG-compatible codec expected soon.

LDM3104  - Olympus DCT coefficient encoder
	- constant rate, digital IC-card camera market
	- 750 mW, 25 mW standby, 100-poin QFP

TMC2312 - TRW quantizer/Huffman encoder, TMC2313 Huffman decoder/dequantizer

TMC2311 - TRW CMOS Fast Cosine Transform Processor.  
	- 12 Bits, 15 M pixels/s
	- complies with the CCITT SGXV ( e.g. JPEG, H.261 and MPEG )
	- includes an adder-subtractor for linear predictive coding

MN195901 - Matsushita Electric Industrial Co.   See ISSCC 1992
	- 16-bit, 60 MIP video signal processor
	- 25 uS instruction processing
	- on-board DCT and absolute differencing
	- Philips Signetics US fab.

HGCT - Ricoh CRC, Generalized Chen Transform demonstration chip.  408-281-1436
	- 2D JPEG/MPEG/H.261 compatible DCT
	- includes quantization
	- 30MHz, 15K gates
	- licensing possible

GCTX64000 - Graphic Communication Technology Corp. chipset
	- provides CCITT H.261
	- VLSI Technology and Hitachi supply H.261 codec core. 1 micron CMOS.

BT - British Telecommunications  plc., Martlesham labs designed
	- H.261 codec chipset, Motorola fab.
	- 13 chips total for codec.


 Pipelined Processors, Monolithic, Programmable
 ----------------------------------------------

Vision Processor - Integrated Information Technology Inc. 408-727-1885
	- generic DCT, motion compensated & entropy coding codec
	- microcode for still- and motion-video compression (JPEG, H.261 and
          MPEG1)
	- 1 micron CMOS, 20 MHz and 33 MHz, PGA and 84-pin QFP  
	- JPEG only and JPEG/H/261/MPEG versions available, H.261 at 30 f/s.  
	- used by Compression Labs, Inc. CDV teleconferencing system
	- rumored to be the heart of the AT&T picture phone

MN195901 - Matsushita Electric Industrial Corp
	- 40 MHz DSP, built-in DCT
	- 16-bit fixed-point

AVP1000  - Motorola JPEG, MPEG and H.261 codec chipset.  800-372-2447
	- 1400D decoder, 1400C system controller
	- 1300E H.261 (CIF, QCIF, CIF240) at 30 f/s, I-frame only MPEG.
	- 1400E is superset of 1300E, motion with 1/2 pixel resolution over +/-
          32 pixels
	- YCbCr video or digital input, on-board rate FIFOs, external RAM
          required
	- 0.75 micron, 50 MHz CMOS

	AVP1000 is from AT&T Microelectronics.  The AT&T chip set
	handles MPEG-1, H.261, and JPEG.  1400D has on board color
	space convertor.  Limited to 4Mb/s coded rate.  The DSP does
	the MUSICAM decoding (up to layer II ?)


82750PB, 82750DB - Intel DVI  pixel and display YUV color space processors.
	- proprietary machine code employed for compression
	- usable for other algorithms (e.g., JPEG, H.261 or MPEG1 at reduced
          data rates)


 Pipelined Processors, Monolithic, Fixed Lossless - Entropy Coders, DPCM, VQ
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

DCP - Integrated Information Tech. Inc. Data Compressor Processor  408-727-1885
	- LZ codec with on-chip dictionary store
	- on-chip buffers supporting block moves
	- targeting disk drives and network controller markets
	- 3.3V, 84-pin PQFP

Mystic - HP's DC-LZ codec.  408-749-9500

AHA3210 - Advanced Hardware Architectures DC-LZ codec  208-883-8001
	- two independent DMA ports for 10 MB/s compress, decompress & pass-thr
u
	- addressing allows up to 16 MB record compression
	- 20 MHz internal clock, 200 mW, 100-pin PQFP
	- interface to AHA5101/5121 QIC tape controller/formatter
	- HP licensee

AHA3xxx/xxy - Rice (UNC) algorithm, 20M samples/sec, 4 to 14 bits. 208-883-8001

CRM1000 - CERAM Inc. entropy codec, proprietary algorithm.  719-540-8500

Rice - UNC algorithm prototype, 180 Mb/s.  See IEEE CICC 1992
	- other CICC 1992 papers:
	   +JS.E. Kerneny et.al. differential read, pyramidal output CCD
  	   + A. Aggoun et.al. DPCM processing

DCD - Philips Data Compressor Decompressor IC. 914-945-6000
	- See CICC 1990 proceedings, H. Blume, et.al.
	- LZ codec, 20 MHz clock
	- Internal FIFOs, separate input/output buses, max 10 Mword/s data in
	- 5 V CMOS, 175-pin PGA

9705 - Second generation Stac Electronics accelerator chip.  619-431-7474
	- Stacker LZA compression scheme(LZ-based)
	- compress at approx. 2.5 MB/s, decompress at 6 MB/s (39+ faster than
          9704)
	- standby mode 300uA
	- embedded in tapes and disks (e.g., QIC-122 Ten X Technology
          512-346-8360)
	- file compression board & software:
	    + for the PC/AT - from Stac
	    + for the Macintosh - from Sigma Design 415-770-0100 (40 MHz 9703)
	- InfoChip Systems Inc. - proprietary string-matching technology
          408-727-0514

VCEP or OTI95C71/Am95C71 - Oak Technology Inc. 408-737-0888
	- AMD CCITT B&W fax image compression


 Pipelined Processors, Monolithic, Fixed Lossy
 ---------------------------------------------

MB86356B - Fujitsu LTD.
	- JPEG DIS 10918-1 baseline  codec
	- on-chip quantizer tables
	- 2.5M pixel/sec input, up to 10MB/sec output
	- supports progressive and DPCM lossless modes 
	- 135 pin PGA.

CL550-30 - C-Cube Microsystems 408-944-6300
	- JPEG-8-R2 compliant baseline codec
	- 350-level pipeline, on-chip Huffman and quantizer table
	- 44.1 MB/sec (15 MB/sec for -10)
	- RGB, YUV, CMYK supported, CCIR 601 in real-time
	- 16/32-bit host interface 
	- 144 pin PGA or QFP, 2.5W at 29.41 MHz

	Limited to 2MB/sec (15Mb/s) coded rate.  35MHz PGA version
	available.  2:1 horizontal filter, on board programmable color
	space convertor.  Allows on pair of quantization tables to be
	loaded while other pair is used to code or decode data stream.
	Needs maintanence by host.

STI140 - SGS-Thompson JPEG baseline codec.  617-259-0300 [** Now cancelled **]
	- see CICC 1991 proceedings, M. Bolton.
	- 20 Mpixel/sec input, up to 20 MB/sec output
	- supports 24-bit color, 8-bit grey and 12-bit extended pixels
	- on chip Huffman and quantizer tables
	- 144 pin PQFP, 5V, < 2W., 10mW power-down mode
	- 1.2 micron, 3-layer metal CMOS, 20 MHz.	`

UVC7710 - UVC Corp. Integrated Multimedia Processor.  714-261-5336
	- proprietary, patented intra-frame compression, on-chip code tables
	- 20-35:1, 12.5 Mpixels/sec., compressed audio
	- includes much of the PC-AT (16-bit ISA) bus interface logic
	- 128 pin PJQFP plastic

CL950 - C-Cube/JVC implementation of the MPEG-JVC or extended mode MPEG2 
        announced.  6-9 Mb/sec.

	JVC mode is not MPEG-II compliant (there isn't an MPEG2 standard yet)
	but is an extension of MPEG1 at a higher rate plus interlace video
	handling.

CL450 - Announced June 1992.  Scaled down version of CL950, with 3Mb/sec
        limit.  Does not code or decode JPEG, only MPEG-I decoding.

CD-I - ASICs planned for CD-ROM, Compact Disk-Interactive defacto standards
	- CD-ROM XA - Sony-Philips-Motorola-Microsoft
	- CDTV -  Commodore.  YUV processing.
	- audio ADPCM encode/decode PC/AT boards available from Sony
          408-432-0190

	Phillips has exclusively contracted the CL450 for use in motion video
	expansion slot on CD-I players.


 Codecs Chips Under Development
 ------------------------------

MPEG1 codec chips due from - TI, Brooktree, Cypress Semiconductor, Motorola 
(successor to the DSP96002 Multimedia Engine), Xing Technology/Analog Devices, 
Sony and C-Cube


Windbond Electronics Corp. is developing a DSP chip for CD-I, MPEG and JPEG


 Using these Chips: Board Level Compression Hardware
 ------------------------------------------------------

+ JPEG Using CL550

+ JPEG Using Other Chip Sets

+ DSP Chip Based JPEG/MPEG Solutions

+ Integrated Compressed Digital Video Boards 


(g) JPEG Using CL550

C-Cube - 408-944-6300 ISA and NuBus boards 
	- for development and limited time-constraint applications
	- 1-2.5 MB/sec host bus constraints
	- Image Compression Interface (ISI) software for 3rd party CL550
          integration

VideoSpigot/SuperSqueeze - SuperMac Technology 408-245-2202
	- a CL550A on a NuBus board
	- 24 frame/s with CD-quality audio
	- reads from Winchester and magneto-optic drives

Fluency VSA-1000 - Fluent Machines, Inc. AT board set.  508 626-2144
	- compress/decompress real-time synced audio & video to a i386 PC
          Winchester
	- NTSC or PAL input, 320x240 pixels saved
	- uses i960 chip, no additional boards needed
	- M/S Windows support, 3rd party S/W (e.g., AimTech 603-883-0220)

Super Motion Compression - New Media Graphics  PC/AT board.  800 288-2207
	- 8Khz, 8-bit compressed audio
	- 30 f/s JPEG to & from disk
	- earlier reports: still-frame compression in several seconds per MB


Leadview  - Lead Tech Inc. AT board uses the CL550 to compress/decompress
            JFIF or JTIF format files

Monalisa - Opta Inc. AT board uses the CL550

Squeeze - Rapid Technology AT board
	- Integrated by a number of vendors into 3rd party multimedia,
          video-editing PC stations

Parallax Graphics - SBus, VME and PC-AT boards.  408-727-2220

Chips and Technologies - JPEG development kit due.


 JPEG Using Other Chipsets
 -------------------------

Visionary - Rapid Technology JPEG AT board.  716-833-8534
	-  LSI Logic JPEG chips L647-35, -45 & -65
	- 30 f/s motion JPEG
	- 256x240 pixel compression and display from CCIR-601 input
	- private codec-frame buffer bus
	- also integrated with TrueVision multimedia hardware

Media 100  - Data Translation nonlinear video production system for the
          Macintosh  (QuickTime).  22 MB/s (PAL) and 18MB/s (NTSC) throughput.

Alice - Telephoto Communications Inc. 619-452-0903
	- Alice-H350 (PC/AT) and -H365 (PS/2) codec boards
	- use a 40 MHz TMS320C51 DSP and a IMSA121 DCT processor chip
	- JPEG (lossy and lossless), CCITT G3/G4, color and grey-scale images

Xing Technology - Hardware accelerator.  805-473-0145
	- compatible with their VT-Express JPEG Turbo Accelerator Software

Video/1 - PsiTech Inc. 714-968-7818
	- includes a 6U VME/VSB JPEG Processing Card 
	- compresses RS-170, NTSC, PAL or Secam video into 8 MB of on-board RAM


 DSP Chip Based JPEG/MPEG Solutions
 ----------------------------------

Optipac - Optivision Inc. PC/AT, ISA & VME codecs.  800-562-8934
	- JPEG (lossless and lossy), CCITT III/IV
	- 1 to 5 TMS32C025s
	- 512x400x16-bit images in < 1 sec.

XCeed ICDP-II - Micron Technology Inc. NuBus card
	- uses two AT&T Microelectronics DSP-16 DSP chips
	- driven by Storm Technologies PicturePress software
	- executes an enhanced JPEG algorithm at near-realtime.

PicturePress Accelerator - Storm Technology 415-691-1111 (see above)
	- also has a line of VME compression boards
	- Micro Dynamics Ltd. imaging systems use Storm accelerator
          301-589-6300

Picture Packer Accelerator - Video & Image Compression Corp.
	- AT and NuBus boards use the JPEG Open Standard and a TMS320C25

VideoPix - Software JPEG boards are offered by Sun Microsystems (S-Bus).

Phoenix System - T/one Inc. uses an Optivision Optipac 3250 to talk to a Storm 
                 Technologies NuBus PicturePress Accelerator to talk JPEG over 
                 analog phone lines.

Nextdimension - NeXt Computer Inc. 415-780-3912
	- 24+8-bit alpha, 640x480, 30 f/s decompression
	- CL550 version not shipping as announced. 

Spirit-40  - Sonitech International Inc. ISA card. 617-235-6824
	- two TMS320C40 DSPs for 80 MFLOPS
	- connect 16 boards in a hypercube for up to 1280 MFLOPS
	- JPEG, MPEG-1 audio and other voice coding applications included 

HardPak - CERAM Inc., ISA and EISA file compression board.  719-540-8500
	- 3.4 x 1.8 inch footprint (notebook, laptops)
	- 32KB on-board write-thru file compression cache
	- CERAM also has an SBus compressive swap-space accelerator for Suns

macDSP - Spectral Innovations, AT&T DSPC32-based accelerator.  408-727-1314
	- JPEG functions available
	- 30 MFLOPS on the NuBus


 Integrated Digital Video Boards - Miscellaneous Multimedia, Video Conferencing
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VCI/oem - Vista Communication Instruments, Inc. +358 0 460 099
	- two AT-board H.261 video codec, PAL or NTSC cameras and monitors
	-56 kbps (64 kbps) to 2 Mbps, 64 kbps increments
	- H.221 framing and synchronizing 	- H.241 network signalling 
	- H.200/AV.254 forthcoming standard for compressed audio
	- network interface boards available

MediaStation- VideoLogic Inc., JPEG compression board for ISA bus. 617-494-0530
	- works with VideoLogic DVA-4000/ISA motion video board, custom bus
	- CL-550 plus ADPCM and PCM audio support
	- Inmos Transputer for I/O scheduling
	- Microsoft Windows Multimedia Extensions and proprietary interfaces

DECspin - Digital Equipment CorpSound/Picture Information Network 508-493-5111
	- full motion, true-color (24-bit) and greyscale (8-bit black & white)
	- variable frame size and rate up to 640 x480 x30 NTSC true-color 
	- Internet or DECnet transmission and disk I/O of live synchronized
          video/audio
	- video teleconferencing using standard network protocols 
	- create and edit of audio and video sequences
	- voice grade live audio sequences
	- DECmedia DECvideo and DECaudio hardware and software required

ActionMedia II - Intel/IBM DVI PS/2 and PC/AT boards.  914-642-5472
	- i750 processor boards for capture and delivery systems
	- Microsoft programming support libraries
	- proprietary RTV and PLV compression algorithms resident, time and
          time/space VQ
	- contact Intel Literature Center for #B4P-05 algorithm structure
	- Real Time  Video (RTV) algorithm 1.5 , effective 128x120 pixel
          sequence at 30 f/s.
	- RTV 1.0 is 128x240 at 10 f/s. 
	- Presentation Level Video (PLV) - extensive off-line processing,
          exploits inter-frame coherence.  
	- i750 processor capable of playing-back PLV-compressed 256x240
          sequences at 30 f/s. 

DVI Board - Fast Electronic U.S. Inc. laptop board.  508-655-3278
	- uses Intel i750 chipset
	- compress or decompress video at up to 30 f/s

EyeQ - New Video Corp. DVI boards for the Macintosh.  213-396-0282
	- uses Intel i750 chipset
	- 150 KB/s full-motion compressed video
	- T1 and Winchester integration paths

Copernicus 1000 & 2000 - DesignTech, 408-453-9510
	- DVI-based presentation and authoring systems 

Spectrum Signal Processing - DSP96002-based PC-AT board
	- up to four boards in cascade
	- other TI, Analog Devices and AT&T-based DSP offerings

Ariel Corp. - Dual DSP96002 PC-AT board with compression support.  201-429-2900

Capture I - UVC Corp., 16-bit ISA bus board.  714-261-5336 
	- 30 f/s of 640/480 interlace capture and record (uses UVC7710)
	- NTSC or PAL input
	- VPC200/201 development board set - proprietary NTSC video codec
         (audio card required).  

Leadview  - Lead Technologies, Inc. accelerates an enhanced JPEG algorithm
   on ISA

IBM - near-term availability:
	(1) IBM United Kingdom and British Telecommunications plc. 
	- PC or PS/2 add-on boards by end of 1993
	- interface to ISDN 2 service (one or two 64kb/s channels)
	- BT also planning residential videophone product with GEC Marconi Ltd.
 
(2) IBM Japan PS/2 board 
	- uses GCTX64000 for H.261 
	- ISDN (narrowband 64kb/s ) and IEEE 802.5 LAN interfaces


Optibase 100 - Optibase, Inc. DSP-based compression/expansion boards.
   818-719-6566
	- supports JPEG
	- supports CCITT G.721 and ANSI T1.301 & T1.303  drafts (voice and
          music) 
	- and proprietary compression (AADCT, lossless)

AT&T - applications for the DSP56002 (fixed-point 40MHz version of the 56001)
	- 4Mb/s with ISDN and FDDI support
	- augments the DSP3210 
	- Multimedia Development Environment compliant

[Correction on above by George Warner <warnergt@aloft.att.com>,
 AT&T Microelectronics:

The DSP56000 series are manufactured by Motorola.  AT&T offers no applications
for these devices.

AT&T offers a JPEG coder which runs on its DSP3210 under the VCOS operating
system.  The JPEG coder provides complete baseline support.  The JPEG decoder
supports interleaved and non-interleaved data, restart markers, DNL, any valid
quantization and entropy tables and combination thereof as defined in the JPEG
specification, and up to 255 color planes per frame.  Support is also provided
for subsampling and popular forms of color space conversion.  The coder color
space conversion coefficients default to YCbCr values but can overridden by
the application for virtually any color space.  YCbCrK conversion for CMYK
images is supported.  All valid combinations of sampling are directly
supported by the decoder including those requiring "fractional
desubsampling" (non-integer desubsampling).

The AT&T JPEG coder is written as a DSP module which executes under the AT&T
VCOS* Operating System on the DSP3210.  VCOS is a real-time, multitasking,
multiprocessing operating system.  The DSP3210 is a 32-bit floating point
digital signal processor designed to be easily and inexpensively incorporated
as a bus-master in microprocessor based designs.  As such, it eliminates the
need for expensive static RAM and inefficient data transfers between host and
DSP subsystems.  The JPEG coder is not an "application" in itself, althought
sample application source code is provided to developers.  The coder could be
considered a "JPEG engine" which can be utilized by any number of host
applications to perform JPEG compression/decompression through a standard
interface.  Since it executes on a multitasking operating system, the JPEG
coder can be used to simultaneously compress/decompress multiple images
and/or be used in conjunction with other DSP modules to preprocess or
postprocess the image data.  For example, using the DSP3210's bus-master
architecture, a module could be created to write the decoded image data
directly to memory mapped video hardware with no host intervention required.

Other modules available for the DSP3210 include audio coders (such as
MPEG, SBC, CDXA, and G.722), modem/fax data pumps (V.32bis, V.22bis,
and V.29), DTMF, call progress detection, sample rate conversion, and
more.

end of correction]

MWave - TI, IBM, Intermetrics multimedia system, due from IBM in 1993. 

Misc. NuBus boards - RasterOps , Radius, Mass Microsystems, Orange Micro,
IBM M - - Motion.

P.OEM - Interated Systems Inc. fractal compression boards for the PC.
404-840-0310


 Boards Under Development
 ------------------------

Matrox - Matrox Studio line of PC boards will include a 64-bit MOVIE bus and JP
EG 
compression.


------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Subject: [99] Acknowledgments


There are too many people to cite. Thanks to all people who directly
or indirectly contributed to this FAQ.
Newsgroups: comp.compression