HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
X-Star-Trek-Quote: He's Dead Jim.
X-School: Penn State University
X-Nickname: <<APOCALYPSE>>, Lord of Destruction
Organization: Penn State Star Trek club
Date: Tue, 22 Dec 1992 16:40:23 EST
From: Matthew E. Bernold <MEB117@psuvm.psu.edu>
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Subject: Re: Opinion of Sound Galaxy NX Pro
Distribution: comp

In article <HJF.92Dec22181137@athena.inesc.pt>, hjf@athena.inesc.pt (Henrique
Jorge Fonseca) says:
>
>Hi,
>
>        I plan on buying a SoundBlaster Pro board. The store I went to
>had another board called "Sound Galaxy NX Pro", that stated to be
>fully SoundBlaster Pro II compatible, along with Adlib and Convex
                                                            
>compatability.

Just a quick clarification, that should be "Covox" and not "Convex".  The
Covox device that this board is compatible with is a simple parallel port
DAC.  This allows you to use programs that take advantage of such a beast,
but most of these programs (Not all.  Play 410 by Mark Cox is an example)
also support a SB, so it isn't too much of a bargaining tool.

       Matthew E. Bernold             MEB117@PSUVM.PSU.EDU
         <<APOCALYPSE>>                  meb@haydn.psu.edu
From: ochealth@unixg.ubc.ca (ochealth)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Subject: GUS programming in protected mode 386/486?
Date: 29 Dec 1992 08:31:36 GMT
Organization: University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
NNTP-Posting-Host: unixg.ubc.ca


I've just picked up the GUS unofficial programming info, but I wanted to
ask whether the GUS has any nice features that would make programming easier
in 386 mode, under OS/2 or NT etc.

For example, I imagine the GUS card's 1 meg has some kind of bank switching
kludge to make it useable in 8086 real mode, so you can address the GUS's
memory within 1 meg. BUt this is bogus on a 386, because it would be alot
easier to remap the GUS's memory into a contiguous 1 meg address space.

Anyway, that's the gist of my questions: anything 386 specific?

thanks

-- 
______________________________________________________________________________
ochealth@unixg.ubc.ca         
                            
                                                      
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: mjbrown@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Mike J. Brown)
Subject: patches vs straight samples
Organization: The Ohio State University
Date: Sat, 2 Jan 1993 01:00:00 GMT

So is there a way to make a straight sample into a patch?

Mike
-- 
                                                            Mike Brown
_  _ _____________________________________I think, therefore I ambient
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: jcw@kd4dts.dixie.com (John C. Wren)
Subject: Voice Recognition Package For Soundblaster
Organization: kd4dts
Date: Sun, 27 Dec 1992 21:52:28 GMT

Question:  (Yes, Another One)

	Does anyone have any sources for a voice recognition package
	for the Soundblaster?  It would be nice if it ran under Windows,
	but I'm not too picky.  I'd like to use this as part of my global
	house control system, for recognition of house commands (i.e.
	"Turn Hallway Light Off".  


-- 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
John C. Wren (kd4dts)			|  Word Prefect 5.1:  The choice of
jcw@kd4dts.dixie.com			|    religious scribes everywhere.
..!emory!rsiatl!kd4dts!jcw		|
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: chiu@alumni.berkeley.edu (David Chiu)
Subject: Bus Speed for GUS
Summary: How fast are you running?
Originator: chiu@alumni
Keywords: Gravis, Bus_Speed, Ultra_Sound
Organization: University of California Society of Electrical Engineers
Date: Sat, 2 Jan 1993 17:11:40 GMT

I am looking to buy a GUS, but would like to hear from some of you GUS
owners (or ex-Owners for that matter)

1) How are compatibility with Symphony Chip Set?
2) How fast can GUS be pushed, bus speed wise? 10MHz? 12MHz? 16MHz? 20MHz?

Thanks in advance for information...

Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: tld@moon.base.bellcore.com (Terry Davidson)
Subject: Re: PAS16/SBPro compatibility ???
Reply-To: tld@cosmos.bellcore.com
Organization: Bellcore
Date: Tue, 22 Dec 92 19:59:04 GMT

In article <1100@dgaust.dg.oz>, brown@dgaust.dg.oz (Fred Brown) writes:
|> 
|> I'm having a PAS16/NEC Cd rom kit installed inmy system today, does anyone
|> know what "current" game programs are incompatible with the PAS16 ? My old
|> soundcard is a SBPro 2, can you run 2 cards from one system ie: Ultima
|> Underworld wont work with the PAS16 so I can run the program from the SBPro

   ????!!!!!????!!!!!  I have the PAS16 on my machine (486DX-33) and have no
   problems running/listing/playing Ultima Underworld!  Your configuration
   might be the problem:  I will post my config.sys and autoexec.bat 
   tomorrow FYI....  I get both voice and sound from the PAS16 and UW (GRIN!)
   ...and it absolutely wows my friends when they see/hear it for the first
   time...

|> instead (connecting the speakers to the card) ? Is this possible ? Current
|> programs I have on my HDD are: MM3, MM4 Clouds of Xeen, Treasures of the
|> Savage Frontier, Ultima 7 & Forge of Virtue, Buck Rodgers - Countdown,
|> Abondoned Places, Ishar, Prophecy of the Shadow, Dragonstrike & 
|> Spelljammer
|> Thanks
|> Fred
|> 

-- 
 # include disclaimer.lib   //* All standard disclaimers apply *//
 My wife let's me think my opinions are my own.  Bellcore doesn't care
 either way, and doesn't claim them anyway...
 Terry Davidson - tld@cosmos.bellcore.com / tld@cosmos.bae.bellcore.com      
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: dan@modcomp.uucp (Dan Grostick)
Subject: Re: BBS tel. no. of GUS?
Organization: MODCOMP, an AEG company
Distribution: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Date: Tue, 22 Dec 1992 11:32:17 GMT

In <1992Dec16.035830.3766@jupiter.sun.csd.unb.ca> y70q@jupiter.sun.csd.unb.ca (LAM) writes:

>Can anyone tell me the BBS tel. nunber of GUS?

Gravis BBS 604-431-5927
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: fisher@nodename.dec.com
Subject: New Gravis software solves several problems
Organization: Digital Equipment Corporation
Date: Thu, 31 Dec 1992 01:23:50 GMT


I just downloaded the latest and greatest windows drivers, patch manager, and
SBOS.  They seem to solve several problems.

SBOS is available as a driver which can be loaded high.  That saves memory.  In
addition I think the patches sound better.  At least they do with Kings Quest
V.

And best of all, the windows drivers seem to understand the SBOS driver, so
that you don't need to unload SBOS or even run Ultrinit before starting
windows.  I tried this and no more of the "ralph all of GUS memory all out the
D/A" problem after the Ta-DAAA.

One problem that STILL happens, however:  in Earl Weaver Baseball II, the music
sounds nice up till the first crack of the bat, or other digitized sound (like
"OUT!" call from the ump).  After that, no music at all, and the digitized
sounds all come out the PC speaker.

Finally, the patch manager is neat.  It lets you see what is loaded in GUS
memory, and even better, you can play each patch individually.  They are really
pretty darn good with only a few exceptions.  Plus "Orchestra strings" and
"String Pizzacato" seem to be reversed.  And "Helicoptor" is more like "Mack
Truck".  But hey, compared to FM, it is great!

Burns
From: s106275@ee.tut.fi (Anssi Saari)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Subject: Re: Bus Speed for GUS
Date: 2 Jan 93 17:42:47 GMT
Organization: Tampere University of Technology, Computing Centre
Distribution: world
NNTP-Posting-Host: ee.tut.fi
Keywords: Gravis, Bus_Speed, Ultra_Sound

In <1993Jan2.171140.26127@pasteur.Berkeley.EDU> chiu@alumni.berkeley.edu (David Chiu) writes:

>I am looking to buy a GUS, but would like to hear from some of you GUS
>owners (or ex-Owners for that matter)

>1) How are compatibility with Symphony Chip Set?

Haven't heard of problems. I have no problems with my OPTi chipset.

>2) How fast can GUS be pushed, bus speed wise? 10MHz? 12MHz? 16MHz? 20MHz?

Works ok at 16.5MHz. I can't go higher than that on my system.

Anssi
-- 
Anssi Saari s106275@ee.tut.fi                
Tampere University of Technology 
Finland, Europe
From: cirop02@elm.circa.ufl.edu (David Isaacson)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Subject: SBPro (old) vs. SBPro Basic
Date: 3 Jan 1993 00:26:19 -0600
Organization: UTexas Mail-to-News Gateway
NNTP-Posting-Host: cs.utexas.edu

Around where I live, the newer SoundBlaster Pro Basics are going for
the same price that I can get a regular SoundBlaster Pro (before they
split into Basic and Complete), and I was wondering which would be
better to get of the two. Are there any benefits the Basic has over
the original by being newer? And if it's just drivers or software, aren't
they downloadable for the original?

-- 
David Isaacson		Unix:	  cirop02@elm.circa.ufl.edu
			VAX:	  Fraenhawk@maple.circa.ufl.edu
			Freenet:  ca574@cleveland.Freenet.Edu
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: ptran@sciborg.uwaterloo.ca (Phat H Tran)
Subject: Re: On GUS memory (question)
Organization: University of Waterloo
Date: Fri, 1 Jan 1993 06:44:39 GMT

In article <1992Dec31.222626.8472@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu> mjbrown@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Mike J. Brown) writes:
>>No way. 44.1KHz *16bit* *stereo* samples consume about 172K memory per
>>second. This means you can store slightly under 6sec of CD quality
>>sound in 1Meg.
>> Petri Jarre
>
>Alright, I haven't had much time to experiment with my GUS yet.  Part of
>my problem is that I have a lowly 12-MHz 286 which means I can't use the
>MIDI extensions in Windows, thus I can't even try out the new patch manager.
>
>But one thing I noticed was that although I only have 256K on the card, it
>has no problem playing an 8-bit 44.1KHz stereo sample that takes up well
>over 400K on a hard drive.  So is there some kind of compression going on?
>If there is, is this being taken into account in everybody's calculations?
>

The GUS is probably loading as much as will fit (or perhaps just one
64k block) of the sample onto its RAM, play it back while loading the
next block and quickly start playing the next block when the previous
block is done, etc.  That way, straight samples of any length can be
played regardless of memory size.  However, the patches for wavesample
synthesis will still need to fit onto the card's RAM.

Phat.
From: unity@mcl.ucsb.edu (Andrea Pessino)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Subject: GUS CH Interface, is it regular SCSI?
Date: 30 Dec 92 17:14:30 GMT

Hi, I'd like to know if the optional CD interface on the GUS is a 
regular SCSI; I already have an internal CD, but I have a bunch of
other SCSI devices (a Syquest drive, a tape backup unit, etc.) that
I need to use. I was going to buy a SCSI interface, or even a PAS+
(in addition to the GUS) just for that. If the GUS could do it all,
it would make me even happier :)

Thanks in advance..
--
 Andrea Pessino // Kiwi Software, Inc. // unity@mcl.ucsb.edu
From: lazarus@rhutch.lns.pa.us (Lon Farenwald)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Subject: Re: A MOD player for the GUS
Date: 1 Jan 93 18:10:57 GMT
Organization: Rabbit Hutch, East Earl, Pa.

joseph@aludra.usc.edu (Jeff Lawson) writes:

> Okay, folks!  Here's my beta version of the MODulator, which is a
> module editor/player for the Ultrasound.  I have not yet implimented
> most of the commands, the playing speeds are approximated greatly, and
> most of the editing part isn't even implimented, however, it is fun to
> play with.
> 
> You can find it on klingon.epas.utoronto.ca in the
> /pub/pc/ultrasound/submit directory under the filename modul10.zip

Hullo!
  Could you possibly encode your MOD player and post it here?  I 
personally don't have access to FTP sites and I don't even know how I 
would go about getting access.  So, could you possibly do this?  If it's 
too much trouble don't bother, but I would certainly appreciate it. 

Lon
From: sl8nl@cc.usu.edu
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Subject: Re: GUS Programming: The Repost III
Date: 29 Dec 92 01:10:15 MDT
Organization: Utah State University

[stuff deleted...answer when I get a chance to try it]

> Both of the above routines when I try to play the range 0x00 .. 0xffff
> seem to play the entire contents of the RAM on board.
> 
> One more thing, I set both BEGIN and START to the same value, is this OK.

That's just fine...you're sample loop will look like this:

BEGIN------------END-+
  +<----<----<---<---<
START->--->-->---END

> 
> I normally use a value of 0 for mode.
> 
> And one final observation: This is just a guess, but I am finding some
> evidence to support this.  Is it true the GUS can play patches only 64K in
> length? I have noticed that the Modulator often gives patch too large
> errors, and I had a look at the patches in the ULTRASND\MIDI directory,
> with the exception of one, all of the patches seem to conviently fit under
> 65536 bytes (the larger one may be some sort of compound patch??) Am I
> just dreaming or is this substanciated?

Dreaming, you can actually fill a meg of RAM with the voice and play it back. 
Whether patches are limited to 64k is yet to be determined, but SAMPLES aren't.


Josh

Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: ko_mike@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu (Michael Y Ko)
Subject: 669 files
Organization: HAC - Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore
Date: Thu, 31 Dec 1992 04:34:38 GMT


How do these 669 files compare to the midi files that are on the GUS disks
and those available by ftp on epas?

Also, how do the midi files compare to the mod files and rol files?
From: ylee@norton.uwaterloo.ca (Yuri Lee)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Subject: Mod player for GUS
Date: 3 Jan 93 19:12:09 GMT
Organization: University of Waterloo

Hi, all GUS users

I've uploaded Joshua's Mod player for GUS to epas. This one is just a note
frequency bug fix of Joshua's original code and added command line interface
for specifying which mod file to play. It still has some bugs ( or just a bug )
but still sound awesome.

Many thanks to Joshua

- Yuri
From: sol@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (larry carrier)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Subject: PAS and Turtle Beach "Wave"
Keywords: OPTi GUS
Date: 24 Dec 92 08:19:20 GMT
Organization: The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX

1st off, what's the newest version of "Wave"?..I have version 1.0 and if there'sa more current one, that may help...

my problem is that Wave KEEPS CRASHING...constantly, it'll play one or two timesand then I get error messages, which basically force me to restart windows...

I'm also having some problems making it "keep up"...it drags,and skips sometimes, problems that other <less sophisticated> editors don't have...

any help GREATLY appreciated!..
From: jks4675@ritvax.isc.rit.edu
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Subject: soundcard worries
Date: 29 Dec 92 14:43:19 GMT
Reply-To: jks4675@ritvax.isc.rit.edu
Organization: Rochester Institute of Technology

After installing a PAS16 to my system, I was greeted with a constantly
changing (redundant much??) static-like sound from both speakers.
I played around with a setting in CONFIG.SYS (I think it was t:2) and
the noise was reduced. 

Figuring it was the board, I tried a SBP and had the same problems.

Even with the reduced noise, the performance was not acceptable.
I am cretiann 


(oops)

I am certain the problem is hardware based.
My system:
AMI 486/33 motherboard
Seagate 127MB fixed drive
TEAC 3.5 and 5.25 floppys
8 MB (REALLY SLOW) RAM
Hayes 2400 compatible modem
Paradise "PVGA" super VGA  card 1 MB VRAM
AMI 230 watt power supply
Samsung 14" multisync monitor
DOS 5.0

The static continued AFTER the system was powered down, it sounds
like a whine that gets slower and slower, like a capacitor discharging.

HELP!!!

==========
Jeff
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: jbh@feenix.metronet.com (Justin B Harvey)
Subject: Say program needed
Organization: Texas Metronet Communications Services, Dallas TX
Date: Tue, 29 Dec 1992 18:27:40 GMT

Is there any software that can "talk" to me?  Like I can feed it a text
file or input some words and it will say them?? If so, where?
I have an ATI Sound Card compatible with Adlib and SoundBlaster.

justin
From: captain@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Bran Muffin)
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Subject: Re: playing a "mulaw" file with soundblaster
Date: 31 Dec 92 07:17:04 GMT
Organization: UT Austin Computation Center, Unix Services

In article <zrsjp01.725754440@mailserv> zrsjp01@mailserv.zdv.uni-tuebingen.de (Peter Jesinger) writes:
>
>Is there a programm available to play a "mulaw" file with SB PRO?
>Or can somebody give me some information on this sound format?
>
>Peter

There is a program called sndtool.exe that will play several soundfile
formats through the PC speaker (and a soundcard with the correct .sll
driver).  I found it somewhere on ftp.  Perhaps someone else will know
where to get it, and where to get .sll files for SBPro, GUS, etc?


-- 
|The opinions expressed above are merely the result of chaotic synapse firings|
|Electrics and electronics work on smoke. If you let the smoke       -   O    |
|out, they stop working.   --   Fight AIDS.  Play safe.                |      |
|captain@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu  (Brian Murfin)  DoD# 0690  nt650gt     \_^___/   |

Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: Steve.Withers@bbs.actrix.gen.nz
Subject: Re: DSP Package For Soundblaster
Organization: Actrix Information Exchange
Date: Mon, 28 Dec 1992 09:03:24 GMT

In article <1992Dec27.194348.13401@kd4dts.dixie.com> jcw@kd4dts.dixie.com (John C. Wren) writes:
> Question:
> 	
> 	Does anyone know of any DSP type software that allows processing
> 	of .VOC or .WAV files?  I'd like to be able to design filters,
> 	run FFT's, etc on these standard files.  I'd be *real* nice if
> 	it ran under windows, but right now I won't be real picky.  I'm
> 	of course talking non-real time DSP, 'cause no 386/486 is going
> 	to be able to do anything real while running under the overhead
> 	of windows.

MMPM/2 (Multi-Media Presentation Manager /2) from IBM does this.....it runs
under OS/2 2.0 and OS/2 2.1 (out soon....I have the beta).
 
MMPM/2 is from IBM, but Creative Labs have written drivers for it for the
SoundBlaster, SB Pro and the CD-ROM Multi-media Kit.
 
They are available via FTP from ftp-os2.nmsu.edu or you can download them
direct from Creative Labs BBS on (408) 428-6660.
 
OS/2's superior multi-tasking (with respect to Windows) make multi-media a
real joy!

Steve

-- 
Steve Withers - Wellington, New Zealand | On Sept. 19th, 88% of NZ voters opted
Steve.Withers@bbs.actrix.gen.nz         | for proportional representation. It
+64 4 478 4714                          | looks like we may get a more  
**** Happy user of OS/2 v2!! ****       | democratic system "real soon now".
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: vonk@sr.hp.com (Steve Vonk)
Subject: SBPro Shields?
Date: Wed, 23 Dec 1992 19:36:47 GMT
Organization: HP Sonoma County (SRSD/MWTD/MID)
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.1.9 PL6]

Does anyone have a good way to shield the Sound Blaster Pro from random
radiated emissions from within the computer?  I hear all sorts of digital
clicking and clacking when either the hard disk or floppy is running.

Any good suggestion appreciated.  I might try aluminum foil :-)

Steve Vonk ( all opinions are my own )
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: pja@snakemail.hut.fi (Petri Juhani Jarre)
Subject: Re: GUS - 32 channel STEREO!
Organization: Helsinki University of Technology, Finland
	<1992Dec22.145009.14303@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu>
Date: 29 Dec 92 08:48:03 GMT

>In article <1992Dec22.145009.14303@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu> cwatters@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (Coyt D Watters) writes:
>   All RIGHT!  Then this should mean that each of the 32 voices are, indeed, 
>   stereo, rather than only 16 stereo voices.

Well, there is stereo and stereo. One definition of "stereo" is mono
sample with arbitrary pan location. The other definition is distinct
left and right channels.

So the GUS can do 32 stereo channels according to the first
definition. I guess it is only 16 voice polyphonic when using "true"
stereo? 

--
 Petri Jarre          !!                        It's a sky-blue sky.     
 pja@niksula.cs.hut.fi	!!                  Satellites are out tonight.     
 468 2760      	       	  !!                  Let X=X
 JMT 6 C 222b - 02150 ESPOO !!                              - Laurie Anderson
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
From: wshu@ingrid.actel.sunnyvale.us.ca (Bill Shu)
Subject: SB-16 vs Ultrasound
Organization: Actel Corporation
Distribution: na
Date: Tue, 22 Dec 1992 21:51:34 GMT

Hi all!! I am in the process of selecting a sound card for my
486/33, and I would like to have a comparsion (or recommendation)
among SB-16, Gravis Ultra Sound and/or PAS-16. I would be appreciated
if someone can shed some light on these cards' performance, software
compatiability, and/or potential problems (e.g. SCSI connections)

Thanks in advance!!

--Bill
wshu@actel.com
Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard
Subject: Re: GUS CH Interface, is it regular SCSI?
From: Matthew E. Bernold <MEB117@psuvm.psu.edu>
Date: Thu, 31 Dec 1992 08:06:50 EST
Organization: Penn State Star Trek club
X-Star-Trek-Quote: He's Dead Jim.
X-School: Penn State University
X-Nickname: <<APOCALYPSE>>, Lord of Destruction

In article <unity.725735670@mcl>, unity@mcl.ucsb.edu (Andrea Pessino) says:
>
>Hi, I'd like to know if the optional CD interface on the GUS is a
>regular SCSI; I already have an internal CD, but I have a bunch of
>other SCSI devices (a Syquest drive, a tape backup unit, etc.) that
>I need to use. I was going to buy a SCSI interface, or even a PAS+
>(in addition to the GUS) just for that. If the GUS could do it all,
>it would make me even happier :)
>
Ok, maybe this will clear up the problems some people have been having
with soundcards and CD-ROM drives.

To use a CD-ROM drive with a soundcard, you need two things, a controller
for the drive, and a connection to the soundcard so you can record from the
CD, or play the CD back through the soundcard's amp.  Many people have
recently been confusing the two, and I haven't seen anyone trying to clear
the situation up.  On Creative Labs soundcards, the INTERFACE part is non-
standard (NOT SCSI), but you can still hook up ANY CD-ROM drive that has
it's own interface card to the soundcard's audio in (either the 3 or 4 pin
CD-in connector, or just a line in) without any problem.  Same type of
thing with the GUS.  If you have a CD-ROM with it's own interface, like a
seperate SCSI controller, you can still hook up the CD's audio in to the
card.

The one thing I would watch out for is that most SCSI controllers on sound
boards do not have very good transfer rates.  They are more than sufficient
for a CD-ROM, but trying to hook up a hard drive to that controller isn't the
best way to get serious speed out of a drive....I'd check that out first if I
were you.  (Note: I have NO idea what the transfer rate on the Gravis SCSI
daughterboard is, but I hope it's FANTASTIC, cuz I own a Gravis... :-)

>Thanks in advance..
>--
> Andrea Pessino // Kiwi Software, Inc. // unity@mcl.ucsb.edu

You're quite welcome, and I hope that others out there who are confused about
this can straighten it out.

       Matthew E. Bernold             MEB117@PSUVM.PSU.EDU
         <<APOCALYPSE>>                  meb@haydn.psu.edu