HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: chris@eso.mc.xerox.com (Chris Heiny 73186 - SETA)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: life, Moon and geology
Date: 18 Nov 92 13:08:29 GMT
Reply-To: chris@eso.mc.xerox.com
Organization: Xerox Corporation, Webster NY


First, panspermia and creationism aside, there are valid propositions 
for the start of life in places other than tidal pools.  The one I recall 
best right now is midocean thermal vents: they've got plenty of heat, a 
nice supply of dissolved chemicals, and in general the area is a good 
place for interesting reactions to happen.

It is doubtful that the CO2 would have preciptated as carbonate.  Even 
today large amounts of calcium carbonate shell/skeletal matter never 
makes it to the bottom, dissolving on the way down.  The level below 
which the carbonates dissolve is known by a number of names, such as 
carbonate compensation depth.

It wasn't so much the CO2 removal as the addition of oxygen that seriously 
reduced the iron concentrations in the oceans.  Potentially even more 
important than the reduction of UV radiation from ozone formation was 
the adaptation of life to a high oxygen environment.  Oxygen is highly 
poisonous to many (if not all) anaerobic bacteria.

						Chris
From: stead@skadi.CSS.GOV (Richard Stead)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Re: To John Hammer
Date: 16 Nov 92 19:57:52 GMT

In article <1992Nov15.001716.20775@quake.sylmar.ca.us>, William.Rivas%bbs@quake.sylmar.ca.us (William Rivas) writes:
> Thanks so much for the information you were able to gather
> for me. I am curious as to the term "Intensity", does this
> indicate a Magnitude. Intensity IV, would that indicate a
> magnitude 4 seismic disturbance.

I can help here.  Intensity is how strong the shaking is at a particular place.
It changes depending on where you are relative to the quake.  Magnitude is
the size of the quake itself.  Think of it like a light bulb.  The Magnitude
is a bit like the wattage, the intensity is just like the light intensity -
as you get farther from the bulb, the light gets less and less, until far
enough from the bulb, you can really see much at all.

Given magnitude, the location of the quake and the location of the place
you are interested in, and a description of the geology in between,
you can make very accurate estimates of expected intensity.  Given
intensity at many places, evem without knowledge of the exact location
of the quake, you can get a good estimate of the quake's magnitude.


--
Richard Stead
Center for Seismic Studies
Arlington, VA
stead@seismo.css.gov
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From:  memo@vitatur.spb.su (Ludmila I Titova)
Subject: Specialists of VSEGEI 
Reply-To: memo@vitatur.spb.su
Organization: Telecommunication Universal Research, Ltd.
Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1992 14:45:51 GMT


                 Specialists of VSEGEI can:

     Provide informative services,
     Give scientific consultations,
     Accomplish work of specialists on probation,
     Carry out   joint   studies,expert  estimations,works  on
     contracts on the following problems:
     Study of  fluorite  and  ore deposits and construction of
     geological-genetic models,
     Investigation of  petrological  composition  and physical
     properties of fluorites with estimation of ore quality,
     Use of  informative  and computer methods for analysis of
     genetic   characteristics  of  deposits  and  of   their
     distribution pattern,
     Use of remote  methods  of  study  for  determination  of
     mechanisms  of  fluorite   deposit   distributions and
     forecasting estimation of areas,
     Method of compilation of mineragenic and farecasting maps
     on fluorite.

                      Please, contact with
                      Anjelica A. Ivanova
                      Manager, expert on fluorite, metallogeny
                      Prof., Dr. Sc.
                      VSEGEI
                      Sredny pr.,74  199026,Leningrad, USSR
                      tel.2189179, Fax (812)2135738
From: v096my2q@ubvmsb.cc.buffalo.edu (ZORBA THE GEEK)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: Public domain image processing software for IBM and mac
Keywords: Image processing, ibm, mac
Date: 19 Nov 92 20:23:00 GMT
Organization: University at Buffalo
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41


Hi. I was wondering if there are any good public domain image processing
programs for the mac or ibm. I have used imdisp for the ibm but am looking for
something a little more powerful. Thanks in advance.


Mark Wieczorek
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: geomagic@seismo.do.usbr.gov (Dan O'Connell)
Subject: Re: John Hammer, ONE MORE, PLEASE!!!
Organization: Seismotectonics Group, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.
Date: Thu, 19 Nov 1992 17:53:09 GMT

In article <1992Nov19.144811.7838@ems.psu.edu> jh507@rollgeosc.psu.edu (John Hammer for GEOSC 507) writes:

<stuff deleted>
>   A question to anyone who might know:
>
>      Does anyone have UNIX based software to search or read the 
>      Hypocenter Data Base?  If so, could you please point me 
>      toward a source code?  We would like to be able to do 
>      searches on our UNIX.
>
>   John Hammer
>   EMAIL: hammer@geosc.psu.edu  

I have converted a version of the Hypocenter Data Base reading software
to run under UNIX. I have tested it on IBM RS/6000, Solbourne, HP 720,
SGI Crimson, and a DG workstation (we had a bunch of demo's). It skips
all the index files that the PC-based software uses and just sequentially 
reads the entire database file so it nevers takes more than 6 minutes
to do a search. The index file scheme requires constant re-positioning
of the CD-ROM drive heads, and at 300-500 ms access times its not a very
efficient way to do it. Note, the code byte swaps the INTEL PC byte ordering
so if you have a DEC box you would need to eliminate that part.

I could tar up the source and makefile and put it in our anonymous
ftp directory if anyone is interested. 
-- 
Dan O'Connell
geomagic@seismo.do.usbr.gov
Seismotectonics Group, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: naldret@ccu.umanitoba.ca (Dr. D. Naldrett)
Subject: WANTED: ostracod ecology info
Summary: Wanted- info on modern freshwater ostracodes
Keywords: freshwater ostracod, modern, ecology
Organization: University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
Date: Sun, 22 Nov 1992 19:20:11 GMT

I am starting a paleolimnology project looking at ostracode
shell geochemistry to reconstruct ancient lake environments.
I am looking for modern ostracode information on hydrochemistry,
water circulation, temperature, salinity (TDS), pH, etc.

I would like to eventually construct a database using hydro-
chemical data to sort ostracodes by their environments. Any
information on their present habitat would thus be helpful.

If anyone has information on modern ostracodes, or knows of an
accessible source of information on this, please post or reply by 
email.
-- 
Dana L. Naldrett               Internet: naldret@ccu.umanitoba.ca
Dept of Geological Sciences    
University of Manitoba         Phone: (204) 474-8252 or -9371(messages)
Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2   Fax:   (204) 261-7581   
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: stgprao@st.unocal.COM (Richard Ottolini)
Subject: Re: life, Moon and geology
Organization: Unocal Corporation
Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 01:17:04 GMT

In article <1992Nov11.175421.19955@mailer.cc.fsu.edu> cain@geomag.gly.fsu.edu (Joe Cain) writes:
>
>	Some of the discussion in planetary geology class has centered on
>the role that life had on sculpting Earth's geology so I thought I
>might ask the net for opinions or comments.
>
>	First, we have read arguments that life would not have started
>or evolved on Earth at all if we did not have such a large Moon. That
>is, there would not have been tidal pools in which organics could
>concentrate, and the Earth's axis would not have been so stable.
>Because the moon's of Mars are such tiny captured asteroids its axis
>wobbled more and long term seasonal variations would have helped wipe
>any life that had started there during the period when it must have
>been much warmer and wetter. Any comments on this scenario?

The Sun causes diurnal tides too, but they are smaller than the moon's.
Xref: sparky sci.geo.geology:2394 alt.sci.planetary:332 sci.astro:12114
From: cain@geomag.gly.fsu.edu (Joe Cain)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology,alt.sci.planetary,sci.astro
Subject: life, Moon and geology
Summary: questions on interactions
Date: 11 Nov 92 17:54:21 GMT
Followup-To: sci.geo.geology
Organization: Florida State University Geology Dept.


	Some of the discussion in planetary geology class has centered on
the role that life had on sculpting Earth's geology so I thought I
might ask the net for opinions or comments.

	First, we have read arguments that life would not have started
or evolved on Earth at all if we did not have such a large Moon. That
is, there would not have been tidal pools in which organics could
concentrate, and the Earth's axis would not have been so stable.
Because the moon's of Mars are such tiny captured asteroids its axis
wobbled more and long term seasonal variations would have helped wipe
any life that had started there during the period when it must have
been much warmer and wetter. Any comments on this scenario?

	After life started on Earth so as to raise the oxygen level
from near zero creatures evolved with shells so the carbon dioxide
started to be captured in the shells that ended up as carbonate rocks.
If life had not started would some of the CO2 precipitated out there
anyway or were the oceans too acidic?
 
	As the CO2 was removed, the oceans changed from red acidic
solutions of iron to oxidizing, and the temperatures decreased as the
greenhouse affect of all the water vapor and CO2 was diminished. (The
increase in oxygen allowed ozone to form and organisms to survive in
the sunshine filtered of its hard UV). Was this decrease of
temperature a significant factor in allowing plate tectonics to
develop? What would have been the temperature of Earth had the CO2 not
been removed? 

	An alternate question might be what would happen to the
geologic processes and atmosphere and oceans on Earth if all life were
suddenly removed? Would the atmosphere stay the same or would the oxygen
oxidize the materials in the crust and the volcanoes start to rebuild
the CO2 concentration, eventually leading to a runaway greenhouse like
Venus? If the surface were warmed significantly, would this begin to
slow down the heat loss from the interior, raise mantle temperatures,
and make subduction more difficult so Earth would resort to the blob
tectonics that is seen on Venus to get rid of its heat? 

 

Joseph Cain		cain@geomag.gly.fsu.edu
cain@fsu.bitnet		scri::cain
Xref: sparky sci.geo.geology:2420 ca.earthquakes:1369
From: scottwee@caravan.ksu.ksu.edu (Chuan Chun Wee)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
Subject: some information needed! :) (WesternGeophysical)
Date: 16 Nov 1992 19:25:28 -0600
Organization: Kansas State University
Distribution: world
NNTP-Posting-Host: caravan.ksu.ksu.edu


hi!! i am wondering if there`s anyone out there who knows anything about

the company Western Geophysical based in Houston, Texas. i used to work for

them some time ago, and i would like to know what's happening with them.

Also, can anyone help me with this: 

                 1) New marine equipment:
             
                             - Sensors
                             - Air systems (guns)
                             - How many channels?

                 2) About Western Geophysical:
  
                             - Where are they working? (marine crews)

                                 - Alaska?
                                 - North Sea?
                                 - Indonesia?
                                 - Malaysia?
                                 - Columbia?
                                 - Panama?

For your information, I used to work aboard RV Anne Bravo. Please post any 
 
replies to this newsgroup! :) Thanks!!!! :)


scottwee@ksuvm.ksu.edu
scottwee@matt.ksu.edu
Kansas State University
Dept of Chemical Engineering, KSU
Newsgroups: sci.geo.geology
From: M. Ridvan Karpuz <M.Karpuz@uib.no>
Subject: Re: Public domain Image Processing on Mac
Organization: Univ. of Bergen, Geol. Inst.
X-Useragent: Nuntius v1.1b2
Date: Sun, 22 Nov 92 11:51:52 GMT

Hi my friendly neigbour,

Here are three public domain image processing programs which may be
interest to you:

1) MacPhase: 1D and 2D analysis and visualization program from:

Otter Solution
10 Limekiln Rd
Whiteesboro, NY 13492   Internet: ottersol@aol.com
You can download this program via FTP,  probably from 

2) NHI Image:

You can download this program Via Anonymous FTP;anonymous FTP from
zippy.nimh.nih.gov[128.231.98.32]. Enter "anonymous" as the user name and
anything you like as the password. The /pub/image directory contains the
latest version of Image(image144.hqx), a version of Image that runs on
Macs without a floating-point coprocessor (image144NonFPU.hqx),
documentation in Word format(image144_manual.hqx), and complete Think
Pascal source code(image144_source.hqx).

3) NCSA  Image: 

NCSA Contacts
Mail user feedback, bugs, and software and manual suggestions to:

NCSA Software Tools Group
Image152 Computing Applications Bldg.605 E. Springfield Ave. Champaign,
IL 61820


Send communications via electronic mail to one of the following:

softdev@ncsa.uiuc.edu
softdev@ncsavms.bitnet

Cheers,

Ridvan

The Turk your friendly Neighbour.
From: p00181@psilink.com (Jim Moser)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
Subject: Hello
Date: 19 Nov 92 05:34:42 GMT
Organization: National Weather Service
X-Mailer: PSILink-DOS (3.3)

I'm a line forecaster for NWS in New Orleans and am new to Internet/Usenet.
Just wondering if this is the primary hangout for meteorological types 
on the net? I'm your typical middle age WASP who was originally with 
NESS (National Environmental Satellite Service) and then several years 
ago when the Satellite Field Service Stations went by the wayside, I got 
a position with the NWS. 

  I attempt to do some modest research(?) with my computer to try and 
keep brain-rot from settling in. Some of the discussions about meso-
models were interesting. In a few years, possibly with the coming of 
AWIPS (Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System) we will have a 
regional model in place at field sites. Field forecasters are so highly 
dependent on the NMC weather prediction models and yet we understand so 
little about their inner workings. Possibly, in a few years, we will be 
able to tinker with a regional model and get a better grasp on how 
various parameterizations affect the final result. We would 
also get a feel for how tightly controlled the various aspects of the 
NWP process have to be in order to obtain realistic results. However, a 
comment by Edward Lorenz (MIT) several years back has a rather damping 
effect on the future of NWP. "The average person, seeing that we can 
predict the tides pretty well a few months ahead would say, why can't we 
do the same thing with the atmosphere? It's just a different system, the 
laws are about as complicated. But I realized that any physical system 
that behaved nonperiodically would be unpredictable."
  
  Pardon me for rambling on! I'm looking forward to reading your 
discussions in the future and keeping up with what's going on in the 
research community. Adios for now.        Jim
From: 00bndaniels@leo.bsuvc.bsu.edu
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
Subject: Wanted: Did US set any Tornado records
Date: 23 Nov 92 15:23:07 GMT
Organization: Ball State University, Muncie, In - Univ. Computing Svc's


	I live in Indiana and was really suprised to see all the 
severe weather.  Does anybody know why the outbreak occured?  I 
know that severe weather is common in the late spring and summer.
I am also wanting to know information on how many tornadoes
that touched down in Indiana.  Also, how many tornadoes were 
recorded nation wide including the tornadoes from Sunday.  Is 
this number a record and if not what is the record for tornadoes
in the US during a one year period.
	Thanks for your help and time.
Barron Daniels
Ball State University
Muncie Indiana
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: rmg3@grebyn.com (Robert Grumbine)
Subject: Re: Help! Need info on graduate schools.
Organization: Grebyn Timesharing
Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 16:54:54 GMT

In article <zGF=!h#@engin.umich.edu> steve@sgidev.mdc.com (Steve D. Roberts) writes:
>
>I am interested in going back to school to obtain a graduate degree
>in the atmospheric sciences. The problem is I am having a hard time
>narrowing down the list of graduate schools I would like to apply to.
>Does anybody have any recommendations for a good school or maybe a
>list of the top rated graduate programs if there is such a thing or
>point me in the right direction.

  My generic suggestion is that it is best to identify people with
whom you might like to work, rather than deparmtents which are 
'top rated'.  My graduate school was one of the 'top rated' departments.
For my office-mate, though, it was a very bad department.  You see, she
wanted to study forecasting, and that was one of the things that my
deparmtent did not do.  You are identified more strongly with your 
graduate advisor than by the department (PhD level that is, I don't
know about MS).

  For the net:
  This is a recurring question on the group.  I sat down once to
write a FAQ on it, and decided that such a thing (aside from lengthening
the comments I wrote above) was unwriteable.  The idea which did occur
to me was that we _could_ assemble a list of people from different
universities who would be willing to answer questions from prospective
students.  

  So, I'm willing to assemble such a list and repost the summary.
Please send your name, e-mail address, name of department and school,
and identify whether you are student, faculty, staff, ...   
The list should also include oceanography and other related sciences.
(I decide this since I'm in those related areas :-)

Bob Grumbine
rmg3@grebyn.com
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: hamm@weejordy.physics.mun.ca (Craig Hamm)
Subject: Re: average temp
Organization: Ocean Sciences Centre
Date: Tue, 24 Nov 1992 00:21:52 GMT

In article <dhalliwe.722486451@muskwa.ucs.ualberta.ca>, userDHAL@mts.ucs.UAlberta.CA (David Halliwell) writes:
|> nin15b63@merrimack.edu (THE WOLF) writes:
|> 
|> >Anyone know the average (mean) temperature of the surface of the planet?
|> >-- 
|>   
|>     About 15 degrees C. (Assuming you are from earth....)
|> 
|> 
|> Dave Halliwell
|> Department of Geography
|> University of Alberta
|> Edmonton, Alberta

	What is the source of the info, please ?


-- 
  Craig Hamm, Memorial University, | Get me out of here.  I am being held
  Newfoundland,              ______| against my will by evil scientists.
  DoD #1500,                / Please, please, please release me from the
  1981 Maxim 650            | horrible, unthinkable, unspeakable
  __________________________| intentions of these people!!! (just kidding)

Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: gpetty@rain.atms.purdue.edu (Grant W. Petty)
Subject: Re: "Survey says: ..." ( was STOP Re: mesoscale forecast model)
Organization: Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Purdue University
Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1992 22:28:55 GMT

In article <1992Nov17.012032.16381@tamsun.tamu.edu> pmh2962@tamsun.tamu.edu (Pat Hayes) writes:
>Doug Westphal writes:
>>Oh boy, here we go again: uninformed people making broad generalizations
>>>>
>> *** multiple nested levels of quotes deleted ***
>>
>>Noooooooo!!! The question of which is the 'best' model cannot be
>>decided with a Gallup opinion poll or on Usenet. Let's not continue
>>this, okay? The whole thing should be decided in an entirely different way:
>>IN THE PEER-REVIEWED LITERATURE.

>--------------------
>Howdy!
>	I think the original poster did NOT ask which model was
>"the best" (right, Grant?). He asked for general info and
>folks' opinions on the performance of models being run today.


Well, actually, it was even simpler than that -- I just wanted to find
a generic mesoscale model (ANY model) that I could play with on a
workstation... I didn't mean to unleash such a firestorm of
controversy. 


>
... stuff deleted
>	Maybe the problem is: something Stephen would have said
>to Grant over the phone may not be appropriate to send to
>a zillion news drops. Or -- maybe it is -- maybe this is a


In retrospect, I agree.  Since I did not explicitly state in my
original posting that I would post a summary of email responses, I may
have unfairly exposed some people to serious flaming for what was they
had intended merely as private, informal, off-the-cuff,
non-peer-reviewed personal opinions for my eyes only.  I apologize to
anyone who got raked over the coals, or whose feelings were hurt, on
account of the opinions contained in the summary.

>messy form of "peer-review"? I think Harold was getting at
>this, later. I think this is an awesome medium for dialog
>and we shouldn't declare things taboo too quickly. Thanks!
>-- 
><<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>Pat Hayes, Meteorology, Texas A&M University...<whoop!>...phayes@tamu.edu 
>O&M 1008, TAMU, CS, TX 77843-3150....days:(409)845-1680 fax:(409)845-6331 


-- 
Grant W. Petty                                gpetty@rain.atms.purdue.edu
Assistant Prof. of Atmospheric Science        (317) 494-2544
Dept. of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences
Purdue University, West Lafayette IN  47907-1397  
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: stricher@masig.fsu.edu (Char Aznabul)
Subject: Re: STOP Re: mesoscale forecast model
Organization: Florida State University
Distribution: na
Date: Tue, 17 Nov 92 06:32:00 GMT

Doug Westphal writes

+ Noooooooo!!! The question of which is the 'best' model cannot be
+ decided with a Gallup opinion poll or on Usenet. Let's not continue
+ this, okay? The whole thing should be decided in an entirely different way:
+ IN THE PEER-REVIEWED LITERATURE.

Tho not strictly literature, this forum *is* peer-reviewed. Cl*ire is
ample proof that blithering and blathering will be countered. Perhaps
email will be a better alternative for this question?

James
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology