HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: esz001@cck.coventry.ac.uk (Will Overington)
Subject: Long term learning of Esperanto
Organization: Coventry University
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 1992 13:17:00 GMT

Monday 14th December 1992

When sending for a book list from the Esperanto Centre in London
some time ago, I noticed on an enclosed leaflet that accompanied
the list the mention of learning Esperanto, up to degree equivalent,
with the statement that all of the examinations could be taken by post.

I am more or less a beginner, but have it in mind to spend some time
over a number of years so as to try to get to the degree level.

Does anyone have any experience of this and what is involved please?

I know that people doing degrees in French spend time studying the
original literature of the language and so on. Is this involved in
degree level studies in Esperanto?

Organization: Educational Tech, Carnegie Mellon, Pittsburgh, PA
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 13:32:23 -0500 
From: Bruce Sherwood <bas+@andrew.cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: Zamenhof
	<1992Dec14.141124.4383@infodev.cam.ac.uk>
Distribution: inet

Edmund Grimley-Evans diras, "Eble tamen ni ne tro la^ute menciu la
rilaton inter Zamenhofo kaj la hebrea gento, ^car tio malhelpas la
agadon de niaj samideanoj-propagandistoj en arabaj landoj..."

Tre interesa libro tiurilate estas "La Kasxita Vivo de Zamenhof" verkita
de Maimon.  Maimon montras la intiman interligon inter la (nerelegia)
Hebreeco de Zamenhof kaj la konataj ecoj de Esperanto (kaj la Zamenhofa
homaranismo).  Zamenhof elkreskis en suficxe speciala intelekta medio,
kies kulturo sxuldis multon al Hebreeco, ecx se nereligia Hebreeco.  En
sia fruagxo Zamenhof multe interesigxis pri Cionismo (la sopiro al hejma
lando).  Kaj kiel menciis Grimley-Evans, Zamenhof verkis ankoraux
lauxdatan gramatikan priskribon de la Jida lingvo.  Mi ne povas bone
resumi la ricxan temaron de Maimon, kaj mi forte rekomendas tiun bonan
verkon.

Sed unu aspekto ja meritas komenton.  Maimon dokumentas konspiran
prisilenton de la Hebreeco de Zamenhof fare de Francaj intelektuloj je
la komenco de la jarcento.  Kiam tiuj Francoj ektrovis Esperanton en
1900, ili timis, ke la Hebreeco de Zamenhof estus baro al akcepto de
Esperanto.  Memoru, ke la Afero Dreyfus okazis gxuste en tiu tempo (jura
proceso kontraux armea oficiro, plejparte nur pro tio, ke li estis
Judo).  Do la Francaj elitoj, kiuj pli kaj pli regis la organizan vivon
de Esperanto, provis kiel ajn prisilenti, ke Zamenhof estis Judo.

Estas la merito de Maimon montri, kiom multe Orient-Euxropa Juda penso
kaj kulturo kontribuis al la ideo de Esperanto, kaj montri kiom tiu
kulturo kontribuis al la personeco de Zamenhof mem.

Bruce
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
From: chungdan@leland.Stanford.EDU (Zhong Qi Iao (Daniel))
Subject: [termino] re: Oculist
Organization: DSG, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
Date: Sun, 13 Dec 92 00:50:20 GMT


     In Esperanto, please do not use the "Esperantised" version of the
English "ophthalmologist".  This would be neologism.

     En Esperanto, bonvolu ne Esperantigi la anglo-lingvan vorton al
"oftalmologiisto".  C^i tio estus novvortismo.

				G^ONGO C^i-jau'o, Honkongano en Usono
From: wagenfuh@huey.udel.edu (Karl Wagenfuehr)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
Subject: Re: Zamenhof
Date: 12 Dec 92 05:38:25 GMT
Distribution: inet
Organization: University of Delaware, Newark

In article <1992Dec10.182843.10012@news.columbia.edu> pcj1@cunixf.cc.columbia.edu (Pierre Jelenc) writes:
>  The name is by no means rare, although they changed the spelling
>from Samenhof to Zamenhof to conform to the prononciation.
>
[La nomo tute ne estas malofta, kvankam ili sxangxis la ortografion
de Samenhof al Zamenhof por konformigxi al la prononco.]

Por konformigxi al kiu prononco?  Laux mia informo en la urbeto de
Zamenhof oni parolis kvar lingvojn, la pola, la germana, la rusa,
kaj la litova (?).  Do por konformigxi kun la prononco de kiu lingvo?
La rusa uzas cirilaj literoj, do mi opinias ke ne povas esti la rusa.
En la germana, Samenhof estus prononci "zamenhof" kaj Zamenhof estus
"camenhof", do tio ne multe sencas.
Mi ne spertas pri la pola, kaj ne ecx certas ke litova estas la kvara
lingvo, do mi ne scias se sencas en iu de tiuj lingvoj.

[To conform to what pronunciation?  According to my information, in
Zamenhof's village they spoke four languages: Polish, German, Russian,
and Lithuanian (?).  So to conform to the pronunciation of which language?
Russian uses Cyrillic letters, so I don't think it can be Russian.
In German, Samenhof would be pronounced "zamenhof" and Zamenhof would
be "tsamenhof", so that doesn't make much sense.
I have no expertise in Polish, and I'm not even certain that Lithuanian
is the forth language, so I don't know if it makes sense in either of
these langauges.]

(verdigu:)
-- 
                    ' ",      *
Karl Wagenfuehr         ,         "Weisst du, wieviel Sternlein stehen an dem
wagenfuh@huey.udel.edu  ,  '      blauen Himmelszelt?"  --Deutsches Volkslied
                          '
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
From: esz001@cck.coventry.ac.uk (Will Overington)
Subject: Esperanto in the movies!
Organization: Coventry University
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 1992 13:13:37 GMT

16th December 1992

Has anyone else noticed the appearance of the Esperanto language
in two movies, though not stated as such.

They are The Great Dictator and Idiot's Delight.

In each case, the language appears on signs, presumably to give
an ambience of an unattributable European country.
In Idiot's Delight there is also some spoken Esperanto near the start,
but too fast for me to understand.

Both films start off as comedies but end up with powerful anti-war
messages.

The Great Dictator stars Charles Chaplin and is well worth watching.
The sequence with the globe is amazing!

Idiot's Delight is a magnificent film.
I cannot understand how it came by such a title, unless it was
some silly sub-Editor jeering at the use of Esperanto!  :-)
It starts off in a very ordinary, I wouldn't bother watching this
if it weren't winter and its raining sort of way, but gradually
develops to its spectacular end sequence, which I will not spoil
for those who have not seen it.

If you do get the chance to see it, its well worth sticking at!

Does anyone know if the use of Esperanto in these films is documented
in Esperanto culture? Are there any other such usages in movies?
It looks as if it were all very carefully done by someone who knew
what he or she was doing.
From: dwolff@res-c4.Prime.COM (David Wolff)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
Subject: Re: Ignorance
Date: 17 Dec 92 21:48:29 GMT
Organization: Computervision

In article <1992Dec17.153017.4365@dartvax.dartmouth.edu>, J.Theodore.Schuerzinger@dartmouth.edu (J. Theodore Schuerzinger) writes:
> My friends are all ignorant and think that Esperanto is a dead, useless
> language.  For example, one person asked me, "How many people still
> speak that?  Four??"  How do I convince them otherwise?
> 
> --Ted Schuerzinger
> email: .zed@Dartmouth.EDU
> "I should have known it would be bad vodka when all the label said was
> 'Russian Vodka'."

Something that may be useful is "Questions and Answers about Esperanto:
A Guide for Activists", available from ELNA.  It has possible replies
for the 20 or so most common questions, including "What's in it for me?"

On the other hand, you may want to give up on your friends and find
people who have a use for it.  Most people don't *need* Esperanto right
now, and they have lots of mindless TV shows to keep them busy (well,
also lots of useful things too).  You don't have to convince everyone.
If we can convert, say, one person in a hundred, we'll have made a lot
of progress.  (That's 2.5 million Esperantists in the US, and 50 to
60 million worldwide...)

David Wolff

dwolff@RES-C4.Prime.COM

Disclaimer:  Reflecting Computervision policy is a non-goal of this posting.
FreeAdvert:  Esperanto, the international language *that works*:
             Call (800) 828-5944 for free info package (US or Canada)
Wolff'sLaw:  For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction,
             but generally too late to do any good.
From: QUERIST@delphi.com
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
Subject: Mi estas la teruro....
Date: 13 Dec 1992 01:16:56 -0600
Organization: UTexas Mail-to-News Gateway
Distribution: inet
NNTP-Posting-Host: cs.utexas.edu


 "Mi estas la teruro kiu batas dum la nokto"

 I think one needs to use kiu here, as ke is a conjunction (such as in
Oni diras, ke... one says that...).  Also, dum rather than je, as
dum -> during.  I think it captures the meaning.

Now if we can just translate "Let's get dangerous" (-- Darkwing Duck) :-)

-glyn thomas gowing

 Cxu vi povas paroli Esperanton?
 Allwch chi siarad Gymraeg?
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
From: ederveen@athena.research.ptt.nl (Ederveen D.)
Subject: Re: Mi estas la teruro....
Reply-To: D.N.M.Ederveen@research.ptt.nl
Organization: PTT Research
Distribution: inet
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 1992 09:11:16 GMT

QUERIST@delphi.com writes:
>Now if we can just translate "Let's get dangerous" (-- Darkwing Duck) :-)

Ni dangxerumu...

--
Derk Ederveen                                             tel. +31-70-3323202
D.N.M.Ederveen@research.ptt.nl / ederveen@hlsdnl5.bitnet  fax. +31-70-3326477
  ** "I wish I was a warrior, in every language that I speak" - Lou Reed **
From: wombat@physics.Berkeley.EDU (Gene P. Ledbetter)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
Subject: Estis: Software, Teletext, Telesoftware
Date: 15 Dec 1992 11:21:46 -0600
Organization: UTexas Mail-to-News Gateway
Distribution: inet
NNTP-Posting-Host: cs.utexas.edu

Konrad Hinsen komentis :

>> From: Konrad Hinsen <gateway@CS.UTEXAS.EDU>
>> Subject:      Re: Software, Teletext, Telesoftware
>> To: Multiple Recipients of <ESPER-L@TREARN.BITNET>

> Sxajnas al mi, ke ankorauxfoje ni havas strangajn
> retligojn. Cxi tiun kopion de mia mesagxo mi ricevis
> hodiaux, sed mi ne scias kial. Mi nur estas certa, ke mia
> adreso *ne* estas gateway@CS.UTEXAS.EDU! Ankaux aliaj
> mesagxoj alvenas plurfoje dum la lastaj tagoj. Cxu iu konas
> la kialon?

Mi tiel (malkontente) sciig^is, ke Konrad ne estas Teksasa 
vakero [bovgardisto].  Vere la retligoj estas strangaj.  C^ar 
mi povas legi kaj s.c.e. kaj ESPER-L mi observis la c^i-suban 
desegnon :

                       retpos^to
                           |
                           |
                           V
gateway@UTEXAS <-- esperanto@rand.org  -->  ESPER-L
       |                   ^
       | [plejofte]        |
       V                   |
     s.c.e. <-- pos^to     |
       |                   |
       | [malofte]         |
       V                   |
gateway@UTEXAS  ---------->|



La malofta retligo

    s.c.e.  -->  gateway@UTEXAS  -->  esperanto@rand.org

foje (((re)re)re)sendas grupon de mesag^oj post semajno(j) !

Gene LEDBETTER / wombat@physics.berkeley.edu
From: J.Theodore.Schuerzinger@dartmouth.edu (J. Theodore Schuerzinger)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
Subject: Re: Zamenhof
Date: 12 Dec 92 14:28:50 GMT
 <1992Dec10.154410.14004@midway.uchicago.edu> 
 <1992Dec10.182843.10012@news.columbia.edu>  
 <1992Dec12.053825.5244@udel.edu>
Organization: Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH
X-Posted-From: InterNews1.0a5@newshost.dartmouth.edu

In article <1992Dec12.053825.5244@udel.edu>
wagenfuh@huey.udel.edu (Karl Wagenfuehr) writes:

> Do por konformigxi kun la prononco de kiu lingvo?

De la esperanto --  Samenhof estas germana, sed oni prononcas
"zamenhof".


--Ted Schuerzinger
email: .zed@Dartmouth.EDU
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
From: etg10@cl.cam.ac.uk (Edmund Grimley-Evans)
Subject: Helpu pri GERDA!
Organization: U of Cambridge Computer Lab, UK
Distribution: inet
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 1992 15:00:13 GMT

Jen denove helpopeto de la kunordiganto de la GERDA-kurso en la Reto. Ni bezonas
pli da instruantoj! Tuj! Ni havas nun vortlistojn en tri naciaj lingvoj, kaj
anka^u anoncojn en tiuj lingvoj pretajn por dissendo. Sed sen pli da instruantoj
mi tute ne povas anonci la kurson. La nuna deko da instruantoj estas jam tro
^sar^gita.

=======================================================================
Edmund GRIMLEY EVANS                  Edmund.Grimley-Evans@cl.cam.ac.uk
=======================================================================
From: t20655@secc.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp (KURAMOTI Souitirou)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
Subject: "Ginga Tetsudou No Yoru" ( Re: Esperanto in the movies! )
Date: 18 Dec 92 03:31:09 GMT
	<1992Dec17.180619.4656@elroy.jpl.nasa.gov>
Distribution: soc
Organization: University of Tokyo Educational Computer Center.
X-Accent-Convention: c^ u~


     La titolo de tiu c^i artikolo estas la japana nomo de la filmo
'Nokto de la Galaksia Fervojo'. Mi estas japano kaj mi vidis la filmo
en kinejo.

     The title of this article is the Japanese name of the film,
'Nokto de la Galaksia Fervojo'. I have seen it in a theatre.

In article <1992Dec17.180619.4656@elroy.jpl.nasa.gov> urban@sideshow.jpl.nasa.gov (Michael P Urban) writes:

>One might also add the (recently mentioned) Japanese anime `Night on
>the Galactic Railway', in which all written language (including the
>main titles) appears in perfectly good Esperanto.

     C^u la vorto "anime" estas uzebla en angla!? Mi kredis ke la
vorto estas t.n. "Japanese-English". ( Japanoj havas multe da anglaj
vortoj kiu estas s^angita kaj aplikita en Japana lingvo. )
     Tamen c^u ekzistas la angla versio de la filmo?

     Is the word "anime" used in English? I believed that the word is
so to speak "Japanese-English". ( Japanese have a lot of English words which
is aranged and applied to Japanese language. )
     By the way, does the English version of the movie exists?

>  The idea was
>apparently to avoid any suggestion of a particular locale for the
>film, but when I saw the film, people who did not recognize Esperanto
>just assumed it was Italian, because the protagonist's name is
>Giovanni, so we cannot really say that this device succeeded.

      Ankau~ mi opinias tiel.

      I agree with you.

                        KURAMOTI Souitirou / t20655@secc.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
--
                        KURAMOTI Souitirou / t20655@secc.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
From: 70642.736@compuserve.com (^Gan ^Uesli Starling)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
Subject: Kripta^jo
Date: 12 Dec 1992 18:22:25 -0600
Organization: UTexas Mail-to-News Gateway
Distribution: inet
NNTP-Posting-Host: cs.utexas.edu

to:   >internet:esperanto@rand.org


Nu, kelkaj skribis min por demandi, "E^c se mi havus tiun ^ci bonan
kripto-programon (PGP20.ZIP a^u PGP20.LZH) kaj volus uzi ^gin, kiel
mi trovus vian publikan ^slosilon?"

Bona demando.  Simple demandu min.  Jen mia respondo:



-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: 2.0

mQBNAiskjl0AAAECALVGmT95EiJvhgMDdTFUHxBSRUMZqelSUU2vkUOpQP+DmQYc
PC0rKnKH++dx7aA8qT37zpN9F9eZz4nuD+qBA6cABRG0MF5HYW4gXlVlc2xpIFN0
YXJsaW5nIDxKLlN0YXJsaW5nQEdFbmllLmdlaXMuY29tPg==
=ncla
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----



Eltondu tiun ^ci superan tekon; ^ge estas la mia publika ^slosilo.  Uzu
^gin por sendi al mi privatajn mesa^gojn.  Sendu al mi vian propran
publikan ^slosilon, mi petas.  ^Gis.


Notu: Respondu al mi per j.starling@genie.geis.com



Distribution:
  >internet:esperanto@rand.org
From: wagenfuh@huey.udel.edu (Karl Wagenfuehr)
Subject: Re: La ic^isma herezo
Organization: University of Delaware, Newark
Distribution: inet
Date: Sat, 12 Dec 1992 01:24:54 GMT

En artikolo <9212110604.AA07134@physics.Berkeley.EDU> wombat@physics.Berkeley.EDU (Gene P. Ledbetter) skribas:
>
>Persona _ununombra_ angla pronomo aludas al la genro de la 
>subjekto.  Plurala ne aludas al la genro, do (plejofte) racia 
>verkisto facile povas skribi "they".  Lingva, ne politika 
>solvo.  Kiam mi skribas teknikajn instruojn mi uzas la duan 
>personon : "Frapu vian komputilon kun unu el viaj s^uoj".
>
Lastatempe mi estis helpanta iun mian anglalernantan studenton
prepari por la "GMAT" -- enira ekzameno por komercastudio en 
Usonaj universitatoj -- kaj me ne povis kredi kian gramatikon
oni devas scii por sukcesigxi!  Ja usonaj anglaj parolantoj ne
povas sukcesigxi laux mi, cxar la parolanta angla estas tiel
malsama de tio, kio voligxas por la ekzameno.  La uzado de "they"
por la tria persona nedeterminita singulara pronomo estas tute
ne permesi.  Ankaux la uzado de "which" por rilati al propozicio
estas laux la "GMAT" tute ne permesi.
Miras, ke ekzameno kiel la "GMAT" povas esti tro malproksima de
la parolanta lingvo...

(La stelo sube estas verda :-)
-- 
                    ' ",      *
Karl Wagenfuehr         ,         "Weisst du, wieviel Sternlein stehen an dem
wagenfuh@huey.udel.edu  ,  '      blauen Himmelszelt?"  --Deutsches Volkslied
                          '
From: cq184@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Spencer W. Hunter)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
Subject: Re: "RUSLANDA ESPERANTISTO"
Date: 20 Dec 1992 08:57:03 GMT
Organization: Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (USA)
Distribution: inet
NNTP-Posting-Host: hela.ins.cwru.edu


Kiel vi fartas?
-- 
Spencer W. Hunter    <shunter@ccit.arizona.edu>  Tucson, Arizona
"That's one small step for an individual,
        one giant leap for humanity."
From: Pierre.Jelenc@cunixf.cc.columbia.edu
Newsgroups: soc.culture.esperanto
Subject: Re: defendu la rajton
Date: 12 Dec 1992 15:57:08 -0600
Organization: UTexas Mail-to-News Gateway
Distribution: inet
Reply-To: Pierre Jelenc <pcj1@cunixf.cc.columbia.edu>
NNTP-Posting-Host: cs.utexas.edu


Mi citas c^i-sube mesag^on pri la patentoj de PKP rilate la algoritmon
por enkodigado per publika s^losilo. C^ar g^i estas iom longa, mi ne
tradukas g^in (g^i koncernas precipe usonanojn kaj kanadanojn), sed
mallonge, g^i diras ke iu ajn rajtas uzi la algoritmojn por privata,
eduka, au^ intelekta, ne-komerca kialo; la fontprogramo de rutinoj estas
ankau^ haveblaj senpage de PKP.

C^u tempesto en akvoglaso?

Pierre
========================Komenco de la citita mesag^o===================

  Article 16723 of comp.binaries.ibm.pc.d:
  Xref: news.columbia.edu comp.binaries.ibm.pc.d:16723 alt.security:8590
  Newsgroups: comp.binaries.ibm.pc.d,alt.security
Path: news.columbia.edu!rpi!think.com!yale.edu!yale!gumby!destroyer!
                cs.ubc.ca!newsserver.sfu.ca!sfu.ca!kko
  From: kko@fraser.sfu.ca (Samuel Ko)
  Subject: Re: "Pretty Good Privacy"? What's up with this in USA?
  Message-ID: <kko.724156326@sfu.ca>
  Sender: news@sfu.ca
  Organization: Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada
  References: <1992Dec8.162159.15721@cs.umb.edu> <kko.723879217@sfu.ca>
  Date: Sat, 12 Dec 1992 10:32:06 GMT
  Lines: 37
 
  Hi ... I've found the following "warning" message from certain
  ftp sites that carry PGP 2.1 ...
 
  --
  There are most certainly legal problems with using this software in the
  U.S.A., and probably also in several other countries, relating to a patent
  which covers the techniques used here.
 
  ALSO BE SURE TO LOOK AT THE FILE PATCHES IN THIS DIRECTORY!!!
 
  The following comes directly from PKP on the use of RSA within the
  U.S. and Canada. It seems to indicate that we may use RSA without
  a licence for non-commercial purposes. I presume this applies to PGP
  which is an RSA based system, but I really don't know. At least it
  applies to RSAREF, the library being made available by RSA Inc
  to North American users.
 
  For information on RSAREF send mail to rsaref@rsa.com. They'll send
  it to you provided you state that you are either an American
  or Canadian citizen or U.S. Permanent Resident located in the U.S.
  or Canada and state that you agree to comply with the licence
  agreement.
 
  "In North America, a license is needed to ``make, use or sell'' RSA. However,
  PKP has a policy that anyone may use RSA non-commercially for a
  personal, academic or intellectual reason without a license; an example
  of such use would be the implementation of RSA as a programming project
  for a computer class. RSA Laboratories has made available (in the U.S. and
  Canada) at no charge a collection of cryptographic routines in
  source code, including the RSA algorithm; it can be used for non-commercial
  purposes"
 
=========================Fino de la citita mesag^o===========================



Pierre Jelenc                        pcj1@cunixf.cc.columbia.edu 
                                    Columbia University, New York


Newsgroups: soc.culture.bangladesh
From: sahmed@occs.cs.oberlin.edu (Saif Ahmed)
Subject: Re: Victory Day / why India intervened in '71
Organization: Oberlin College Computer Science
Date: Mon, 21 Dec 1992 01:55:12 GMT
X-Posted-From: occs.cs.oberlin.edu
NNTP-Posting-Host: sol.ctr.columbia.edu

In article <1992Dec21.010145.9914@zip.eecs.umich.edu> bhattach@quip.eecs.umich.edu (sayan bhattacharyya) writes:

>I agree totally with Khaleq. Besides, the reason India supported Bangladesh
>was not totally devoid of self-interest, i.e. it was not a selfless act on
>the part of India that Bangladeshis need to be grateful for. I think the
>reason India acted the way she did was because it was in India's political  
>and strategic interests to weaken Pakistan, and the dismemberment of Pakistan
>certainly achieved this. 

And add to that the material gain from the 10 day military assistance.
93,000 fully armed POW's along with military equipment, tanks, trucks
etc. 


Saif
--
                                                                          _
                                                                         / \
 ________________________________________________________________________\_/
/ \  							                   |
\_/ 									   |
| | Saifuddin Ahmed                                                        |
| | sahmed@occs.cs.oberlin.edu                                             |
| |________________________________________________________________________/
\_/


Newsgroups: soc.culture.bangladesh
From: kazi@hercules.cis.udel.edu (Zunaid Kazi)
Subject: The Surrender Document
Organization: University of Delaware, Newark
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 1992 02:33:15 GMT

				INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
				-----------------------
				[Or, How the Pakistan Army Surrendered]

	The PAKISTAN Eastern Command agree to surender all PAKISTAN Armed
Forces in BANGLADESH to Lieutenant-General JAGJIT SINGH AURORA, General
Officer Commanding in Chief of the Indian and Bangladesh forces in the
Eastern Theatre. This surrender includes all PAKISTAN land, air and
naval forces as also all para-military forces and civil armed forces.
These forces will lay down their arms and surrender at the places where
they are currently located to the nearest regular troops under the
command of Lieutenant-General JAGJIT SINGH AURORA.

	The PAKISTAN Eastern Command shall come under the orders of Lieutenant-
General JAGJIT SINGH AURORA as soon as the instrument has been signed.
Disobedience of orders will be regarded as a breach of the surrender terms
and will be dealt with the accepted laws and usages of war. The decision
of Lieutenant-General JAGJIT SINGH AURORA will be final, should any doubt
arise as to the meanong [sic] of interpretation of the surender terms.

	Lieutenant JAGJIT SINGH AURORA goves a solemn assurance that personnel
who surrender shall be treated with dignity and respect that soldiers are
entitled to in accordance with provisions of the GENEVA Convention and
guarantees the safety and well-being of all PAKISTAN military and para-
military forces who surrender. Protection woll [sic] be provided to
foreing [sic] nationals, ethnic minorities and personnel of WEST PAKISTANI
origin by the forces under the command of Lieutenant-General JAGJIT SINGH
AURORA.


             <signed>                            <signed>

        (JAGJIT SINGH AURORA)               (AMIR ABDULLAH KHAN NIAZI)
          Lieutenant-General                     Leiutenant-General
   General Officer Commanding in Chief   Martial Law Administrator Zone B and
   India and Bangladesh Forces in the    Commander Eastern Command
             Eastern Theatre                     (Pakistan)
             16 December 1971                 16 December 1971

       16 December 1971                          16 December 1971


--------

- Zunaid Kazi
  kazi@cis.udel.edu



Newsgroups: soc.culture.bangladesh