HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: 3005904@jeff-lab.queensu.ca (Colleen Davis)
Subject: Re: LSD and Alcoholics Anonymous
Organization: Queen's University
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 1992 17:07:47 GMT

In article <86348@netnews.upenn.edu>, alex@gdalsrv.sas.upenn.edu (Alex Dunne) writes:
> 
> In article <VTucPB1w164w@cybernet.cse.fau.edu> scotc.bbs@cybernet.cse.fau.edu writes:
> >> In article <63831@cup.portal.com> lordSnooty@cup.portal.com (Andrew - Palfrey
> >>    >: I read somewhere that one of the founders of 
> >>    >: Alcoholics Anonymous, Dr. Bob Smith, (or was
> >>    >: it his partner, Bill Wilson) experimented with
> >>    >: LSD for a time back in the 50s (I think).  The
> >>    >: hope was to find some kind of alternative cure
> >>    >: for alcoholism.
> >During the LSD explosion in hollywood in the 60s it was claimed to
> >be a cure for alcholism.
> >
> >SAC
> 
> Coincidentally, I'm reading a book right now called "Getting
> Better - Inside Alcoholics Anonymous" by Nan Robertson, a member and
> journalist. According to her, Wilson did experiment with LSD, much to
> the embarassment of AA. In recent years, some olders members of AA, 
> which is founded on the precepts of tolerance and understanding, have 
> become resentful of newer members who have dependency problems with
> other drugs besides alcohol. 
> Personally, I have found that, for a few months after a trip, alcohol seems
> dull and boring by comparison. The thought of getting drunk becomes
> associated with slowing myself down, poisoning my body, and consuming
> unneccessary calories, none of which I want to do. Trips seem clean with
> no real down time the next day. But as I said, this only lasts for 2 or
> 3 months. 
> 
Sounds reasonable enough to me-- with enough acid
soaking your brain, your desire for alcohol should 
become very...well moderated...and kind of fuzzy 
around the edges...

colleen 
Xref: sparky alt.drugs:14666 talk.politics.guns:19312
From: u8951608@csdvax.csd.unsw.edu.au
Newsgroups: alt.drugs,talk.politics.guns
Subject: Re: FREE 1-YEAR NRA... enough allready!!
Date: 14 Aug 92 10:06:46 +1000
Distribution: usa
Organization: University of New South Wales

In article <archer.359@utkux1.utk.edu>, archer@utkux1.utk.edu (T. Archer) writes:
> In article <ATAYLOR.92Aug10171359@gauss.nmsu.edu> ataylor@nmsu.edu (Nosy) writes:
> 
>>       Perhaps you should take this up with the families of
>>       certain Australians who were hung not too long ago
>>       in Malaysia. I believe one woman was hung for possessing
>>       a few grams of heroin.
> While I am willing to believe you, statement like this MUST be documented, 
> or the other side will dismiss it as a gross distortion.

Some of the most famous cases in Australian history. e.g. if you ask any .au
who Barlow and Chambers were, you will get an instant reply.

Jeremy
jeremy@rsc3.anu.edu.au
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: locklin@titan.ucc.umass.edu (SCOTT C LOCKLIN)
Subject: Yohimbe
Organization: University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 1992 22:04:41 GMT
X-Posted-From: titan.ucc.umass.edu
X-Posted-Through: sol.ctr.columbia.edu

Question: Yohimbine (from the yohimbe bark) is supposedly a potent MAO
inhibitor. It is commonly available through health food stores as a natural
stimulant/diet pill. Would this make a good mix with oral DMT or is it the
beta-carbolines (i.e. Harmaline & related stuff) that are necessary to 
activate DMT orally?
 Thanx in Adv.

-Scott
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: webber@world.std.com (Robert D Webber)
Subject: Re: FREE 1-YEAR NRA MEMBERSHIPS (Not Here!
Organization: The World Public Access UNIX, Brookline, MA
Date: Sun, 16 Aug 1992 04:14:58 GMT

In article <Vy7JPB2w165w@bluemoon.rn.com> bytehead@bluemoon.rn.com (Bryan Price) writes:
>andre@vifp.monash.edu.au (Andre Ambrose) writes:
>
>> If you believe guns dont kill youre a idiot.
>
>Actually, fast moving lead slugs kill, not guns.
>                       - from somewhere on the net...
>
It's not the bullet that kills you, it's the hole...
                        - Laurie Anderson, as I recall.

>Bryan L. Price    bytehead@bluemoon.uucp | bytehead@bluemoon.rn.com
>                  1:226/30.1742 Fido

Bob

-- 
Bob Webber, webber@world.std.com ===========================================
==========================================================  Laurie Anderson:
Welcome to Difficult Listening Hour...
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: cklausme@jarthur.claremont.edu (Chris Klausmeier)
Subject: LSD My Problem Child via FTP
Organization: Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA 91711
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 1992 02:44:27 GMT


Albert Hofmann's LSD My Problem Child is available via anonymous FTP from
world.std.com in the /obi/A.Hofmann directory.  Good reading!  (And a neat
FTP site for online text, if you like that sort of thing.)

-- Chris
From: u8951608@csdvax.csd.unsw.edu.au
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Strychnine!  It's all true!
Date: 20 Aug 92 05:40:44 GMT
Organization: University of New South Wales

In article <1992Aug18.192711.2818@hpcvaac.cv.hp.com>, billn@hpcvaac.cv.hp.com (bill nelson) writes:
> noah@Cadence.COM (Noah Ruiz) writes:
> : >
> : I was just wondering what causes the major stomach pains and such a
> : high almost ODing on speed feeling????? I was always told it was
> : strychnine!! I can really give a shit about all you people making
> : such a big deal about if its in LSD or not. I just want to know
> : what causes these unpleasant feelings!!!!!! Its not that all LSD
> : feels this way,but alot of them do! Just a question thats been on
> : my mind since high school!
> 
> How about ergot complexes left over from the synthesis of the lsd?

Interesting possibility, but as far as I know, unsubstantiated.
Any comments?
> 
> It is also possible that a partial contribution to these symptoms is
> that you expect them. 
> 
How about using squares from the same sheet, and getting cramps
one week, and a smooth ride the next. I really think it comes
down to how you are feeling, what you are doing, and what you are
expecting.

Jeremy
jeremy@rsc3.anu.edu.a u
From: ltf@ncmicro.lonestar.org (Lance Franklin)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: FREE 1-YEAR NRA MEMBERSHIPS (Not Here!
Date: 17 Aug 92 18:26:48 GMT
Organization: NC Microproducts, Inc.

In article <1992Aug16.194727.21821@menudo.uh.edu> st1o5@Rosie.UH.EDU writes:
}Guns don't kill, bullets do! >:-)
}
}dw

Guns do kill...of course, it depends on how hard you throw them, and
where they hit, but...

Now rifles...it all depends on your swing.  Remember to follow-through!


Lance 

-- 
Lance T. Franklin            +----------------------------------------------+
(ltf@ncmicro.lonestar.org)   | "You want I should bop you with this here    |
NC Microproducts, Inc.       |    Lollipop?!?"                 The Fat Fury |
Richardson, Texas            +----------------------------------------------+
Xref: sparky alt.drugs:14663 talk.bizarre:26081
From: dfavor@logan.tivoli.com (David Favor)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs,talk.bizarre
Subject: Re: LSD: the early days
Date: 14 Aug 92 12:16:09 GMT
Followup-To: alt.drugs
Distribution: usa

>>    >: I read somewhere that one of the founders of 
>>    >: Alcoholics Anonymous, Dr. Bob Smith, (or was
>>    >: it his partner, Bill Wilson) experimented with
>>    >: LSD for a time back in the 50s (I think).  The
>>    >: hope was to find some kind of alternative cure
>>    >: for alcoholism.
>During the LSD explosion in hollywood in the 60s it was claimed to
>be a cure for alcholism.

the imprinting aspect of the LSD experience has always intrigued me. just
recently I was scanning some very dry medical journal regarding brain research.
there was a small footnote that quoted part of a technical paper from some
obsure research program conducted by Sandoz (I think). the researcher had
observed, what appeared to him, as dendrite (sp?) growth in brains for 3-4
weeks following ingestion of less than 500mcg of LSD-25.

if this were the case it would explain how LSD could be used to modify
any type of behavioural pattern, and possibly patterns dictated by other
factors. it also causes me to reflect on all the trippers that dropped
large quantities of LSD and found themselves in situations that caused
disastrous imprints. if LSD does cause neural growth this would explain
people stuck in 'strange loops'. I had always considered that people
falling into this category could heal in time, however, if there was a
neural pattern the grew during a 'bad trip'... it would be difficult to undo.
From: darkman@cats.ucsc.edu (Axeman)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: Mail interception
Date: 12 Aug 92 19:25:39 GMT
Organization: University of California; Santa Cruz
NNTP-Posting-Host: am.ucsc.edu


In article <frank2.12@underdog.ee.wits.ac.za> frank2@underdog.ee.wits.ac.za (FRANK D N) writes:
>A small amount of grass was mailed in a letter from South Africa to someone 
>in Australia.

A possible reason this letter was intercepted would be its smell.  I can
see mailing a few blotters with no worry, but the aromatic weed make me kinda
edgy.  Perhaps one of those dogs that can sense drugs by smell was used to
locate any 'odd' letters, and the aforementioned was intercepted in that
fashion.  I doubt all mail is run through a kennel of special dogs, though.

-jq
Xref: sparky alt.drugs:14778 talk.politics.drugs:5859
From: lewis@aera8700.mitre.org (Keith Lewis)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs,talk.politics.drugs
Subject: Re: Open container law -- intent (was Re: info on open ...)
Date: 18 Aug 92 13:14:57 GMT
    <1992Aug17.144158.10150@menudo.uh.edu>
    <1992Aug17.213619.5445@news.cs.indiana.edu>
    <1992Aug18.043236.12985@genie.slhs.udel.edu>
Organization: The MITRE Corporation

In article <1992Aug18.043236.12985@genie.slhs.udel.edu>, starr@genie.slhs.udel.edu (Tim Starr) writes:
>In article <1992Aug17.213619.5445@news.cs.indiana.edu> hagerp@moose.cs.indiana.edu (Paul Hager) writes:
>}the only way to drink while driving requires an open container.
>
>Oops.  And here I thought you meant laws against carrying open containers of
>alcohol by pedestrians on public walkways or streets.

"Drinking in public" is illegal (except on special occasions) everywhere
except Louisiana, I think.

>Even I can see that this law would be of little use for either wine bottles
>with corks or screw-top alcoholic beverages like some wine coolers, beers, and
>malt liquors.  They'll just replace the tops!

It's not that easy.  Factory seal broken == open.  You have to put it in the
trunk.  I don't know what they expect you to do if you're driving a station
wagon or van.

Keith Lewis             klewis@mitre.org          "Mr. Cheap"
I don't dance to music; music dances to me.  Email me for my PGP key.
The above may not (yet) represent the opinions of my employer.
Newsgroups: alt.drugs,sci.psychology
From: usenet@adobe.com (USENET NEWS)
Subject: Re: Partial Legalization
Originator: asanders@sparta
Organization: Adobe Systems Incorporated
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 1992 23:17:59 GMT

| "Truth" is anything I believe.
|
| If you say something I believe now, it's the truth.  
| If I don't believe it, it's not.  If I later change my 
| mind, it becomes the truth.
		
			-Bill McCormick

Unless I'm missing something, this is the most idiotic
statement I have ever seen! Anything any imbecile happens
to believe is true, as long as he believes it?

Next!

Alan
From: frank2@underdog.ee.wits.ac.za (FRANK D N)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: Re: White Rabbit
Date: 21 Aug 92 13:33:48 GMT
Organization: Wits Electrical Engineering (Undergrads).

In article <28819@wissel.GBA.NYU.EDU> jmctigue@.stern.nyu.edu (J C. McTigue) writes:

>I don't think this is the right place to post this, but I can't think of a
>better audience.  

>My question concerns the following lyrics in Jefferson Airplane's "White
>Rabbit":


George Benson also has a tune called White Rabbit, but that's probably of no 
particular significance at all.


--
David Frank       <frank2@underdog.ee.wits.ac.za>
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: lestat@wixer.cactus.org (Lyle J. Mackey)
Subject: Re: Paper prints misleading article about "drug tattoos"
Keywords: LSD, drug, Peoria Journal Star
Organization: Real/Time Communications
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 92 00:25:06 GMT

In article <lagnaf.714122334@camelot> lagnaf@camelot.bradley.edu (Jeremy Styninger) writes:
>
>From the August 16, 1992, Peoria Journal Star.  

Are you sure this wasn't the Weekly World News or something equally silly?

>	Symptoms of the hallucinogenic drugs include severe vomiting,
>mood changes and uncontrollable laughter.

Hm. Sounds more like shrooms than 'cid, in my experience... I've never tossed
my cookies on 'cid.

>	"...there have been no reported instances...nor have any
>turned up...the tattoos have been around for a long time..."
>Kinda like an Urban Myth.

The "blue star" tattoos are a recurring urban legend... see the
alt.folklore.urban FAQ (this really should be crossposted.. hmm.)

>	"They normally are soaked with LSD,..."
>Not to mention strychnine.

I hope that was sarcasm. Wasn't the strychnine thread re-hashed AGAIN just
recently?

>Jeremy Styninger

-- 
 .--------------------------------------------------------------------------.
/ Lyle J \ lestat@wixer.cactus.org /  Team Doofus  \ DoD / Nobody else WANTS \
\ Mackey /     Social Engineer     \ '89 Kaw EX500 / 587 \  my  opinions...  /
 `--------------------------------------------------------------------------'
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: locklin@titan.ucc.umass.edu (SCOTT C LOCKLIN)
Subject: Re: Repost request for refs on D. illinoensis
Organization: University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Date: Thu, 20 Aug 1992 21:34:01 GMT
X-Posted-From: titan.ucc.umass.edu
X-Posted-Through: sol.ctr.columbia.edu

In article <1992Aug20.173711.27166@midway.uchicago.edu> bagg@midway.uchicago.edu writes:
>In article <1992Aug13.112108.22211@klaava.Helsinki.FI> ppennane@klaava.Helsinki.FI (Petrus Pennanen) writes:
>
>>Thompson et al. report that the root bark of this North American perennial
>>shrub contains 0.34% DMT and 0.11% N-methyltryptamine...
>[Lots of good info deleted]
>
>I'm still hoping that someone will post or e-mail references which
>discuss the psychoactivity of D. illinoensis.  This Thompson et al.
>would be a good place to start.  I did a medline search a while back,
>came up empty handed, tried paging through various journals, but
>still have no hard information.  If such information has been posted
>and I missed it, I'd appreciate e-mail.

While looking up the botanical stuff, I came across a book entitled [something
like] "Uses of North American Plants by Native Americans".
D. illinoensis seeds were used for cunjunctivitis (sp?!) 5 seeds were placed in
the afflicted eye (!)
The leaves were used for digestive ailments and are alleged to be high in
protien... (why this was mentioned is beyond me)

-Scott
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: batboy@milton.u.washington.edu (Thomas Radke)
Subject: Robo DM
Organization: University of Washington
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 1992 21:08:31 GMT

Have you folks tried this stuff?

I did it for the first time about four years ago and have done it 5 or 6
times since.
That is some coool shibby!  Me and my best friend sat in a dorm room for
three hours after drinking a small (8 oz?) bottle each.  Well, maybe sat isn't
the right word. We spent most of that time upside down (on our heads,
hanging from a bunk bed, etc.) laughing,
saying "It's all about chickens!"  Incredible.  Pure silly fun.  No
unpleasant after affects.  I've heard it compares to opium in its physical
effects, but what do I know.

Here's where the problem comes in.  Each time after that first, I got a
little sicker.  The third time, say, I puked after about 15 min (purple,
blah) but continued to have an outstanding time.  In following
experiences, I puked sooner and sooner and felt more sick and less happy
throughout the evening.  What's worse, each time it becomes harder and
harder to swallow that thick syrupy crap.  Just the smell,now, makes
me want to lighten-me-load.  And its real tough to mask that taste with
any chaser.

Which brings me to my last experience (I'll take a couple of years off and
try it again).  I was in Phoenix visiting a friend with my girlfriend and
another friend (yeah, 4 of us).  We drove to the Grand Canyon with a huge
family-sized bottle of the Robistucco.  We hiked down deep into the canyon
and set up camp at about 3 pm.  Me and one friend started taking gulps of
Roboslammin'jammin' while the other two dropped a tab each.  I hadn't even
gotten down the requisite 8 oz before I knew I couldn't take anymore. 
About 20 min. later I knew it was time to empty my food sack so I went
behind a large boulder with one friend, so as not to offend anyone who
didn't want to watch.  About 5 min. later, just before it was ready to
come out, a Federal Parks Dept. guy came troopin' to our site and asked to
come out from behind the rocks.  We went down to him and I lay down
feeling like shit.  He proceeded to tell us we couldn't camp down ther w/o
a permit, etc,...,so on so forth.  Then I yakked.  The whole group just
stared at me for about 2 (loooong) minutes while bright purple ooze
covered the colorful Ariz. rock.  I looked up from under sweaty brow, to
see a half a bottle of cough syrup, sneering at me.

The end of the story kind of fizzles out.  But with some fast talking we
convinced him a had felt sick on the way down and he had just witnessed
the fruits of that illness.  "No, I only had a tablespoon of that half
empty bottle, just like the instructions say."

The point is DO ROBOTUSSIN (sp?)!  Before they take it off the shelves. 
DM only, remember.  But don't expect the fun to last forever.

Tomotussin

Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: mason@dante.uucp (Mason Jones)
Subject: Re: Naked Lunch (Joan Vollmer)
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 92 17:53:51 GMT
Organization: Charnel House Prod.

wab@well.sf.ca.us (Doc Benzene) writes:
: 
: It looks like the movie of "Naked Lunch" is rewriting history
: just as I expected it would.  All the followups give the
: impression either explicity or implicitly that Burroughs was
: responsible for the shooting episode.  Although they both liked
: to perform this William Tell routine, in the fatal episode his
: wife, Joan Vollmer, goaded him into it.

Uh, as "Literary Outlaw" points out, this is from WSB's point of
view, as the others who were there don't like to talk about it.
Whether or not she goaded him into it will never be known, as all
of the people in the room were severely fucked up except for
Billy, who was too young to remember it clearly.

: head (the movie gets that right).  Their son was in the room
: (maybe both their kids were, I forget exactly).

They only had one kid, Billy Jr.

: Bill Burroughs Jr. wrote a very funny and desperate book about
: being a methedrine addict in New York in the late 60's and
: drank his way through two livers before croaking of cirrhosis.
: In the afterward to "Speed" John Steinbeck, Jr. writes

He actually wrote three books, two of which are available, "Speed"
and "Kentucky Ham."  Both are quite good, actually.

: I don't know what became of his sister.

There never was a sister as far as I've ever read.  WSB and Joan
only had the one child.


  VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV
             Mason Jones           Charnel House Productions
             P.O. Box 170277, San Francisco 94117-0277 U.S.A.
   ...{uunet,sun}!hoptoad!dante!mason   or   dante!mason@hop.toad.com
  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: gal2@ellis.uchicago.edu (Jacob Galley)
Subject: Re: _Go Ask Alice_ vs. "White Rabbit"
Reply-To: gal2@midway.uchicago.edu
Organization: University of Chicago Computing Organizations
Distribution: usa
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 1992 20:38:46 GMT

In article <1992Aug12.161234.12918@bradley.bradley.edu> pwh@bradley.bradley.edu (Pete Hartman) writes:

>2) The album _Surrealistic Pillow_ came out in 1969, I believe,
>and I suspect the book wasn't out until the early 70's.  Anyone
>with concrete info?

My copy of _Go Ask Alice_ is copyrighted 1971, and actually attributes
the title to the line in "White Rabbit".

Jake.


-- 
"What's so interdisciplinary about studying lower levels of thought process?"
				  <-- Jacob Galley / gal2@midway.uchicago.edu
Newsgroups: alt.drugs,talk.politics.drugs
From: starr@genie.slhs.udel.edu (Tim Starr)
Subject: Re: Open container law -- intent (was Re: info on open ...)
Organization: UDel, School of Life & Health Sciences
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 1992 08:07:55 GMT

In article <1992Aug18.131457.6822@linus.mitre.org> lewis@aera8700.mitre.org (Keith Lewis) writes:
}In article <1992Aug18.043236.12985@genie.slhs.udel.edu>, starr@genie.slhs.udel.edu (Tim Starr) writes:
}>In article <1992Aug17.213619.5445@news.cs.indiana.edu> hagerp@moose.cs.indiana.edu (Paul Hager) writes:
}>}the only way to drink while driving requires an open container.
}>
}>Oops.  And here I thought you meant laws against carrying open containers of
}>alcohol by pedestrians on public walkways or streets.
}
}"Drinking in public" is illegal (except on special occasions) everywhere
}except Louisiana, I think.

Perhaps, but barring creative legal definition, carrying a cup of beer is not
identical to drinking in public.


Tim Starr - Renaissance Now! - Think Universally, Act Selfishly

"True greatness consists in the use of a powerful understanding to enlighten
oneself and others." - Voltaire
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: locklin@titan.ucc.umass.edu (SCOTT C LOCKLIN)
Subject: Re: john LILLY what is drug k?
Organization: University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Date: Sun, 16 Aug 1992 21:28:54 GMT
X-Posted-From: titan.ucc.umass.edu
X-Posted-Through: sol.ctr.columbia.edu

In article <1992Aug8.062354.14362@mnemosyne.cs.du.edu> aankrom@nyx.cs.du.edu (Anthony Ankrom) writes:
>In article <92219.140710FXV@psuvm.psu.edu> FXV@psuvm.psu.edu writes:
>>I just read John Lilly's book --his autobiography.  Does anybody know
>>what the drug K he used in the isolation tank was?
>
>
>Ketamine seems like the best candidate...

Yup its Ketamine all right. Nobel laurate Richard Feyneman took the stuff 
with Lilly and wrote of his experiences in "Surely You're Joking Mr Feyneman"

I believe it is pharmacologically (sp?) related to Phencycledine (PCP).

-Scott
From: tcederqu@sdcc13.ucsd.edu (Trevor Cederquist)
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
Subject: MDMA neurotoxicity
Date: 14 Aug 92 21:08:55 GMT
Distribution: usa
Organization: University of California, San Diego


	How's THAT for a catchy title?!

	I was just wondering if anyone has tried fluoxetine 
	(ala Nichol's) after ingesting MDMA and whether or
	not this alleviated any after-effects.         

	It seems many of the people in our circle have next
	day effects which have been described as "a tendency 
	toward catatonic-like affect", and "a general 'scattered'
	feeling," and "an arduous reintegrative period."  I'm 
	surprised Shulgin only briefly describes these effects
	in _Pihkal._

	Shulgin, as well as a few posters on the net, has developed
	a post-use therapy to reduce these after-effects.  Anyone
	with an 'effective' (subjectively so) plan, please post.
 
	
ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
tcederqu@sdcc13.ucsd.edu
Trevor C. Cederquist
Newsgroups: alt.drugs
From: larson_s@apsicc.aps.edu (Shawn Larson)
Subject: archives
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 92 06:38:00 GMT
Organization: Albuquerque Public Schools - Career Enrichment Center
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41    

Can someone please post or email the ftp site where the alt.drug archives are 
kept?
Thanks!

Shawn