From: tmatimar@empress.com (Ted M A Timar)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
Subject: Changes to "Unix - Frequently Asked Questions" [Frequent posting]
Supersedes: <unix-faq/faq/diff_726386543@athena.mit.edu>
Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
Date: 21 Jan 1993 06:03:04 GMT
Organization: Empress Software
Distribution: world
Expires: 18 Feb 1993 06:02:22 GMT
NNTP-Posting-Host: pit-manager.mit.edu
X-Last-Updated: 1992/12/09

Archive-name: unix-faq/faq/diff

*** /tmp/,RCSt1a18351	Fri Dec  4 07:46:32 1992
--- contents	Fri Dec  4 07:38:52 1992
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*** 2,12 ****
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Frequently Asked Questions about Unix (index) [Biweekly posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/contents
! Version: $Id: contents,v 2.0 92/10/20 12:06:12 tmatimar Exp $
  
  The following seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
--- 2,12 ----
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Unix - Frequently Asked Questions (Contents) [Frequent posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/faq/contents
! Version: $Id: contents,v 2.1 92/12/04 07:43:28 tmatimar Exp $
  
  The following seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
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*** 23,28 ****
--- 23,29 ----
  	   they already knew all of the answers.
        5.*) Questions pertaining to the various shells, and the differences.
        6.*) An overview of Unix variants.
+       7.*) An comparison of configuration management systems (RCS, SCCS).
  
  The following questions are answered:
  
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a18351	Fri Dec  4 07:46:32 1992
--- part1	Fri Dec  4 07:38:53 1992
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*** 2,12 ****
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Frequently Asked Questions about Unix (1/7) [Biweekly posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/part1
! Version: $Id: part1,v 2.0 92/10/20 12:06:59 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
--- 2,12 ----
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Unix - Frequently Asked Questions (1/7) [Frequent posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/faq/part1
! Version: $Id: part1,v 2.1 92/12/04 07:43:43 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a18351	Fri Dec  4 07:46:33 1992
--- part2	Fri Dec  4 07:38:53 1992
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*** 2,12 ****
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Frequently Asked Questions about Unix (2/7) [Biweekly posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/part2
! Version: $Id: part2,v 2.0 92/10/20 12:07:03 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
--- 2,12 ----
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Unix - Frequently Asked Questions (2/7) [Frequent posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/faq/part2
! Version: $Id: part2,v 2.1 92/12/04 07:43:45 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
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*** 586,596 ****
        has already been redirected so only stderr actually winds up in
        stderr_file.
  
!       Sometimes it's easier to let sh do the work for you.
  
! 	sh -c 'command >stdout_file 2>stderr_file'
  
  2.10) How do I tell inside .cshrc if I'm a login shell?
  
        When people ask this, they usually mean either
  
--- 586,600 ----
        has already been redirected so only stderr actually winds up in
        stderr_file.
  
!       If what you want is to avoid redirecting stdout at all, let sh
!       do it for you.
  
! 	sh -c 'command 2>stderr_file'
  
  2.10) How do I tell inside .cshrc if I'm a login shell?
+ 
+       From: msb@sq.com (Mark Brader)
+       Date: Mon, 26 Oct 1992 20:15:00 -0500
  
        When people ask this, they usually mean either
  
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a18351	Fri Dec  4 07:46:36 1992
--- part3	Fri Dec  4 07:38:54 1992
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*** 2,12 ****
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Frequently Asked Questions about Unix (3/7) [Biweekly posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/part3
! Version: $Id: part3,v 2.0 92/10/20 12:07:07 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
--- 2,12 ----
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Unix - Frequently Asked Questions (3/7) [Frequent posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/faq/part3
! Version: $Id: part3,v 2.1 92/12/04 07:43:49 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a18351	Fri Dec  4 07:46:39 1992
--- part4	Fri Dec  4 07:38:54 1992
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*** 2,12 ****
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Frequently Asked Questions about Unix (4/7) [Biweekly posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/part4
! Version: $Id: part4,v 2.0 92/10/20 12:07:10 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
--- 2,12 ----
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Unix - Frequently Asked Questions (4/7) [Frequent posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/faq/part4
! Version: $Id: part4,v 2.1 92/12/04 07:43:53 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
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*** 438,443 ****
--- 438,447 ----
  
  4.9)  How do I keep track of people who are fingering me?
  
+       From: jik@pit-manager.MIT.EDU (Jonathan I. Kamens)
+       From: malenovi@plains.NoDak.edu (Nikola Malenovic)
+       Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 16:01:45 -0600
+ 
        Generally, you can't find out the userid of someone who is
        fingering you from a remote machine.  You may be able to
        find out which machine the remote request is coming from.
***************
*** 466,481 ****
        For more information join the rfc931-users mailing list,
        rfc931-users-request@kramden.acf.nyu.edu.
  
!       There are two caveats relating to this answer.  The first is that
!       many NFS systems won't allow the recognize the named pipe
!       correctly.  This means that trying to read the pipe on another
!       machine will either block until it times out, or see it as a
!       zero-length file, and never print it.
  
        The second problem is that on many systems, fingerd checks that
        the .plan file contains data (and is readable) before trying to
!       read it.  This will not cause remote fingers to miss your .plan
!       file entirely.
  
  4.10) Is it possible to reconnect a process to a terminal after it has
        been disconnected, e.g. after starting a program in the background
--- 470,493 ----
        For more information join the rfc931-users mailing list,
        rfc931-users-request@kramden.acf.nyu.edu.
  
!       There are three caveats relating to this answer.  The first is
!       that many NFS systems won't recognize the named pipe correctly.
!       This means that trying to read the pipe on another machine will
!       either block until it times out, or see it as a zero-length file,
!       and never print it.
  
        The second problem is that on many systems, fingerd checks that
        the .plan file contains data (and is readable) before trying to
!       read it.  This will cause remote fingers to miss your .plan file
!       entirely.
! 
!       The third problem is that a system that supports named pipes
!       usually has a fixed number of named pipes available on the
!       system at any given time - check the kernel config file and
!       FIFOCNT option.  If the number of pipes on the system exceeds the
!       FIFOCNT value, the system blocks new pipes until somebody frees
!       the resources.  The reason for this is that buffers are allocated
!       in a non-paged memory.
  
  4.10) Is it possible to reconnect a process to a terminal after it has
        been disconnected, e.g. after starting a program in the background
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a18351	Fri Dec  4 07:46:40 1992
--- part5	Fri Dec  4 07:38:55 1992
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*** 2,12 ****
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Frequently Asked Questions about Unix (5/7) [Biweekly posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/part5
! Version: $Id: part5,v 2.0 92/10/20 12:07:13 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
--- 2,12 ----
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Unix - Frequently Asked Questions (5/7) [Frequent posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/faq/part5
! Version: $Id: part5,v 2.1 92/12/04 07:43:55 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
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*** 87,93 ****
        Date: Wed, 7 Oct 92 14:28:18 -0500
  
        All of the major shells other than sh have aliases, but they
!       don't all work the same way.  For example, some don't except
        arguments.
        
        Although not strictly equivalent, shell functions (which exist in
--- 87,93 ----
        Date: Wed, 7 Oct 92 14:28:18 -0500
  
        All of the major shells other than sh have aliases, but they
!       don't all work the same way.  For example, some don't accept
        arguments.
        
        Although not strictly equivalent, shell functions (which exist in
***************
*** 113,127 ****
  5.5)  How can I tell if I am running an interactive shell?
  
        From: wicks@dcdmjw.fnal.gov (Matthew Wicks)
!       Date: Wed, 7 Oct 92 14:28:18 -0500
  
!       In the Bourne shell category look for the variable $PROMPT.  In
!       the C shell category, look for the variable $prompt.
  
  5.6)  What "dot" files do the various shells use?
  
        From: wicks@dcdmjw.fnal.gov (Matthew Wicks)
!       Date: Wed, 7 Oct 92 14:28:18 -0500
  
        Although this may not be a complete listing, this provides the
        majority of information.
--- 113,139 ----
  5.5)  How can I tell if I am running an interactive shell?
  
        From: wicks@dcdmjw.fnal.gov (Matthew Wicks)
!       From: dws@ssec.wisc.edu (DaviD W. Sanderson)
!       Date: Fri, 23 Oct 92 11:59:19 -0600
  
!       In the C shell category, look for the variable $prompt.
  
+       In the Bourne shell category, you can look for the variable $PS1,
+       however, it is better to check the variable $-.  If $- contains
+       an 'i', the shell is interactive.  Test like so:
+ 
+ 	  case $- in
+ 	  *i*)    # do things for interactive shell
+ 	          ;;
+ 	  *)      # do things for non-interactive shell
+ 	          ;;
+ 	  esac
+ 
  5.6)  What "dot" files do the various shells use?
  
        From: wicks@dcdmjw.fnal.gov (Matthew Wicks)
!       From: tmb@idiap.ch (Thomas M. Breuel)
!       Date: Wed, 28 Oct 92 03:30:36 +0100
  
        Although this may not be a complete listing, this provides the
        majority of information.
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*** 178,184 ****
  	  Start-up (in this order):
                /etc/profile  - login shells.
                .bash_profile - login shells.
!               .bashrc       - interactive shells.
  
  	  Others:
                .inputrc      - Readline initialization.
--- 190,201 ----
  	  Start-up (in this order):
                /etc/profile  - login shells.
                .bash_profile - login shells.
!               .profile      - login if no .bash_profile is present.
!               .bashrc       - interactive non-login shells.
!               $ENV          - always, if it is set.
! 
! 	  Upon termination:
!               .bash_logout  - login shells.
  
  	  Others:
                .inputrc      - Readline initialization.
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a18351	Fri Dec  4 07:46:43 1992
--- part6	Fri Dec  4 07:38:55 1992
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*** 2,12 ****
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Frequently Asked Questions about Unix (6/7) [Biweekly posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/part6
! Version: $Id: part6,v 2.0 92/10/20 12:07:30 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
--- 2,12 ----
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Unix - Frequently Asked Questions (6/7) [Frequent posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/faq/part6
! Version: $Id: part6,v 2.1 92/12/04 07:43:57 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a18351	Fri Dec  4 07:46:45 1992
--- part7	Fri Dec  4 07:38:56 1992
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*** 2,12 ****
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Frequently Asked Questions about Unix (7/7) [Biweekly posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/part7
! Version: $Id: part7,v 2.0 92/10/20 12:07:46 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.
--- 2,12 ----
  Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.shell,news.answers
  Followup-To: comp.unix.questions
  Organization: Empress Software
! Subject: Unix - Frequently Asked Questions (7/7) [Frequent posting]
  Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu
  
! Archive-name: unix-faq/faq/part7
! Version: $Id: part7,v 2.1 92/12/04 07:44:00 tmatimar Exp $
  
  These seven articles contain the answers to some Frequently Asked
  Questions often seen in comp.unix.questions and comp.unix.shell.