From: gaojeng@durras.anu.edu.au (J. Gao)
Subject: China News Digest (Europe/Pacific) Mon, 28/9/1992
Summary: CND
Keywords: CND
Organization: Computer Services Centre, Australian National University
Date: 28 Sep 92 03:51:02 GMT

+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  C h i n a   N e w s   D i g e s t  +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

===================  Europe / Pacific Section (CND-EP)  ===================
                           September 28, 1992

---------------------------- Table of Contents ----------------------------
No. Subject                                                      # of Lines

1. New Brief (3 items) ................................................. 32

2. Australia to Bend Rules on Taiwan Contacts .......................... 56

3. Japan's Communists Sack 100-Year-Old Party Stalwart ................. 39

4. Australian Doctors Pull Out over Chinese Transplants ................ 71

5. Advocate of Western-Style Reforms Re-Elected Vietnam's Premier ...... 21

6. Back in Beijing: Chinese Exile HOU Zhongyu's Home Trip (Part 4) ..... 56

7. Job Opportunities in Hong Kong ...................................... 12
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1. News Brief (2 items) ................................................ 32
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[Reuter, 9/24/92] Stockholm -- Sweden turned down an invitation to tender
for the supply of 200 JAS 39 Gripen military aircraft to Taiwan because it
did not want to jeopardise its relations with China, the Swedish daily
Svenska Dagbladet reported on Thursday. Taiwan invited Sweden through its
embassy in Washington in January this year to make a tender bid, worth an
estimated 36 billion crowns ($6.4 billion), but Prime Minister Carl Bildt
later declined. Sweden wanted to protect its political and commercial
relations with China, and Saab Aircraft's civilian division was hoping for
large sales of its SAAB 340 aircraft to China. (From: A CND Reader)
                              ___ ___ ___

[AP-DJ, 9/24/92] Hong Kong -- A Chinese petroleum-industry delegation left
for Europe Wednesday to seek foreign partners in exploring and developing
its oil reserves.  The 10-member group, headed by Chinese National Petroleum
Corp. president Wang Tao, will stop in Britain, Italy, Netherlands and
Germany, reported China Daily. The delegation will include representatives
of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It is the first mainland delegation
headed abroad in many years to discuss petroleum-related topics. The
officials will meet with government and industry officials from the four
countries to expand cooperation. It will also seek to purchase technology
and equipment to expand China's petroleum development. (From: Jian Liu)
                              ___ ___ ___

[Reuter, 9/24/92] Beijing -- China said on Thursday it felt the "exclusion"
of the rump state of Yugoslavia from the United Nations was only a
transitional arrangement. Wu Jianmin, spokesman for China's foreign
ministry, said Beijing hoped Yugoslavia would eventually return to the
General Assembly to "occupy a place of its own in the U.N. family". Wu took
exception to the characterisation of the vote against Yugoslavia as an
expulsion. He said all the republics of the former Yugoslavia should have
seats and no nation should be excluded hastily from the international body.
(From: A CND Reader)

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2. Australia to Bend Rules on Taiwan Contacts .......................... 56
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From: A CND Reader
Source: The Melbourne Age 9/24/92
By: Mark Metherell.

The Tourism Minister, Mr Griffiths, will soon become the first federal
minister to visit Taiwan in 20 years, albeit unofficially. The expected trip
will end the ban on all ministerial visits to the island.

The visit, likely this year, is a further sign of the Government's pursuit
of closer ties with Taiwan, at the risk of irritating China, to exploit
Taiwan's huge trade and investment potential.

Under the "one China" policy, Australia has been obliged to bow to Beijing's
prohibition of official recognition of Taiwan. But this arms-length stance
has come under increased pressure from the Opposition and industry as
Australian exports to Taiwan have eclipsed those to China. Two-way trade
with Taiwan totals $4.5billion, as against $3.4billion with China.

Australia has recently announced the upgrading of the Government's
unofficial business representation in Taiwan's capital, Taipei, and has let
Taiwan establish a pseudo-embassy in Canberra, the Taipei Economic and
Cultural Office.

The expected visit by Mr Griffiths, who also holds the resources portfolio,
is seen as appropriate because tourism and resource sales are two booming
sectors in Australia's relationship with Taiwan.

Taiwanese tourism to Australia has more than doubled in the past year, since
direct air links with Taipei were established.

While the "one-China" policy prevents Mr Griffiths from conducting
government- to-government talks, he is thought likely to meet his Taiwanese
counterparts in a "private capacity".

It had been speculated that a more senior figure, such as the Industry
Minister, Senator Button, who has taken an active role in stimulating
business links with Taiwan, might have been chosen for the inaugural trip.

A spokesman for Senator Button said that no arrangements were being made for
him to visit Taiwan.

Other sources have said that Mr Griffiths will go, although his office would
not comment last night.

The head of the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Canberra, Mr Francias
Lee, said he could not confirm the visit but was not surprised by the
proposal. Unofficial visits to Taiwan were made recently by ministers from
France, Germany, Britain and Canada.

Mr Lee said a visit by Mr Griffiths would reciprocate ones to Australia by
three ministers and seven vice-ministers from Taiwan. Although Taipei has
been known to exploit every opportunity to push for official contact, Mr Lee
denied yesterday that it had pressured Australia to allow the visit.

Taiwan, whose financial reserves now outstrip even Japan's, is seen as the
world's premier "cash cow". It has unveiled an ambitious $380billion
six-year public-works program to revamp sorely pressed transport, energy and
other infrastructure.

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3. Japan's Communists Sack 100-Year-Old Party Stalwart ................. 39
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From: A CND Reader
Source: Reuter 9/21/92

TOKYO -- Japan's Communist Party has sacked its 100-year-old honorary
chairman for betraying a party colleague to Stalin in 1938, the party said
on Monday.

Sanzo Nosaka, who joined the Japan Communist Party (JCP) in 1922, the year
it was founded, suffered arrest, imprisonment and years of exile and
underground struggle for the cause.

After World War Two, he became a respected member of parliament, and served
as party central committee chairman for a quarter of a century before
retiring in 1982 and taking the post of honorary chairman.

But now he has been hauled from his pedestal, found belatedly to have sent a
party colleague to his death by one of Stalin's firing squads with a false
charge of spying.

A communique issued after last week's plenary session of the party central
committee said two letters from Nosaka in 1938 and 1939 had come to light
since the recent opening of the former Soviet Communist Party's archives in
Moscow.

In the letters, Nosaka named Kenzo Yamamoto, a fellow Japanese member of the
Comintern (Communist International) who had gone to live in the Soviet Union
in 1928, as a possible spy for Imperial Japan.

Yamamoto was shot by firing squad in 1939. The JCP says he was never a spy
and that Nosaka's claim in his autobiography that he had tried to save
Yamamoto's life was false.

The decision to strip the old man of his symbolic position would be formally
approved at the next JCP congress.

At the time he wrote the letters, Nosaka was living in exile in the United
States, engaged in underground work including the smuggling of communist
propaganda into Japan.

In 1940 he went to China where he helped indoctrinate and organise Japanese
soldiers taken prisoner by Chinese communist guerrillas. He returned to
Japan to a hero's welcome in 1946 and was elected to the central committee
of the newly legalised JCP and to parliament. He became central committee
chairman in 1958.

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4. Australian Doctors Pull Out over Chinese Transplants ................ 71
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From: A CND Reader
Source: The Australian Financial Review 9/15/92
By: Murray Massey

Several doctors and medical staff at the Prince Charles Hospital in Brisbane
have resigned from a team involved in a China Links programme over a Chinese
hospital's recent use of an executed prisoner in heart transplant surgery.

Despite their withdrawal from the programme, Australia is to complete the
international development assistance programme at the Mudanjiang
cardiovascular hospital in northern China.

The Brisbane doctors have protested that human transplant surgery at the
Mudanjiang hospital in Heilongjiang Province two months ago, using an
executed prisoner as the source of organs, compromised ethical medical
practice and raised other serious moral and legal questions related to
Australia's involvement.

They claimed that visiting China and supporting the Mudanjiang hospital
would imply support for the practices occurring there.

However, federal and Queensland authorities say the Mudanjiang project will
continue, because the cardiac transplant surgery carried out at the hospital
had nothing to do with the project in which Australia is involved.

They said that the Australian involvement was limited to programmes aimed at
combating general heart disease.

A spokesman for the Minister for Foreign Affairs, Senator Evans, said he was
not aware of this particular matter being raised with the Foreign Affairs
Department.

"We are aware of general allegations about this practice being carried out
in China, but also aware that the Chinese have said publicly that these
prisoners have given their permission," he said.

The spokesman said that the use of executed prisoners as a source of organs
was viewed as particularly unpleasant and distasteful, but it did not mean
that Australia should discontinue the training of medical and nursing staff
at these hospitals.

The chief executive officer of Prince Charles Hospital, Dr Robert Stable,
said a medical team would leave for a delayed visit to Mudanjiang soon.

This would include some of the original Prince Charles medical team who
decided to postpone a visit planned for last month, until the debate over
ethical matters was "clarified".

Four Chinese doctors from Mudanjiang have spent nine months training in the
treatment of heart disease at Prince Charles Hospital, under a two-year
international development programme involving Australian universities and
the Chinese, Australian and Queensland governments.

However, these doctors did not train in heart transplant surgery at Prince
Charles and did not carry out the recent human transplant operation at
Mudanjiang involving the executed prisoner.

The transplant which disrupted the Australian involvement was carried out by
another Chinese doctor who underwent training at Prince Charles Hospital
during a previous programme, when transplant surgery was not done at Prince
Charles.

Contentious issues in the relationship between executions and transplant
surgery involve possible influence on the timing of executions to suit the
need for surgery, the "selection" of a prisoner because of the need for
compatible body tissue, the method of execution to ensure the transplant
organ is "usable" and the capacity of a condemned prisoner to "freely" give
consent. Organisations such as Amnesty International also argue that an
acceptance of executed prisoner organs for use in transplant surgery
inhibits attempts to abolish capital punishment.

The Mudanjiang project is also intended to promote collaborative study in
cardiovascular disease with China, where an estimated two to three million
people require cardiac surgery.

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5. Advocate of Western-Style Reforms Re-Elected Vietnam's Premier ...... 21
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From: Jian Liu
Source: Dow Jones 9/24/92

BANGKOK -- A former Communist revolutionary who fought the French and
Americans but later advocated Western-style reforms was re-elected premier
of Vietnam Thursday.

Vo Van Kiet was re-elected at a session of the National Assembly in Hanoi,
said the official Voice of Vietnam, monitored in Bangkok.

Wednesday, the 395-member assembly elected Le Duc Anh president.

Anh, a retired general, led Vietnam's 1978 invasion of Cambodia.

Kiet, 69, was among the reformers who seized control of the Communist Party
Congress in 1986, ousting hard- liners and beginning the transition to a
more market-oriented economy.

Last year, Kiet moved up to the No. 3 spot in the Politburo and also was
named premier.

During the Vietnam War, Kiet was a leader of the Viet Cong. After the war,
he was mayor of Ho Chi Minh City, the new name for Saigon.

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6. Back in Beijing: Chinese Exile HOU Zhongyu's Home Trip (Part 4) ..... 56
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From: Larry Engelmann, <ENGELMAN@SJSUVM1.BITNET>
Source: San Jose Mercury News, June 21, 1992
By: Larry Engelmann

[Continued from Sept 25's CND-EP]

Later that afternoon when Zhongyu tried to return home, he saw four
plain-clothes policemen standing outside his parents' apartment building.
It was clear who they were from their manner and from their car.  They were
talking to one of the residents of the building. Zhongyu asked his driver to
circle the building.  When they came around again, three of the policemen
had gone inside.  The other was still standing watch on the sidewalk.

Zhongyu asked the driver to take him to a friend's house.  The next morning
he took a cab to the airport.  That morning he caught the plane to Shenzhen.
He checked into a hotel for the day, received half a dozen calls from
prostitutes and fell asleep.

The next morning he received three more wake up calls from prostitutes,
checked out of the hotel and walked to the customs office.  He showed his
passport to the customs officer.  The man asked for additional documents.
Zhongyu said he understood that he didn't need them.  The customs agent said
that was wrong and this was a very serious oversight.  He told Zhongyu to
sit down.  This would take some time.  He walked into an adjacent office and
picked up the telephone.  Zhongyu heard him dial.  He heard the man read out
his name and passport number.

The man returned a few minutes later and said, "Wait here. Some people are
coming to talk to you."

He then walked back into the office and dialed the telephone again.  But
he'd left Zhongyu's passport on the counter.  Zhongyu stood and slipped the
passport off the counter and into his jacket pocket.  The customs officer's
back was to him.  Quietly and quickly he walked out the office door and then
hurried down the long corridor to the desk of the Hong Kong customs
officers.  As his entrance to Hong Kong was approved, he kept looking back
over his shoulder at China at the end of the long corridor.  He thought he
heard a group of men talking.  Then it was quiet again.  They were not
chasing him.

On June 9th, Zhongyu returned to the US.  "When I arrived in San Francisco,
I remembered my earlier arrival in 1989.  I was so frightened at that time.
I was escaping then.  I was a refugee.  But this time, I was more
comfortable.  I knew America better.  I had a feeling of peacefulness when I
approached the customs desk.  I felt, strangely, as if I was coming home.

"But I kept thinking about China and the changes there since I'd left in
1989.  It seemed to me my country was undergoing another `Cultural
Revolution,' one as dramatic as that instigated by Chairman Mao 27 years
ago.  This one, however, was based on materialism rather than Marxism, on
hope for tomorrow rather than on fear for today.  I could see now that June
4th, 1989, was not, as many of us believed, merely the bloody end of
something.  It was the beginning of a new day in China.  The mandate of
heaven had once more shifted.  In the fire and smoke over Tiananmen Square,
any remaining parchment-thin pretensions of legitimacy of the Chinese
Communist Party reached a flash point.  The prestige of the Party literally
went up in smoke that day.  What would replace it -- who would replace it --
is still the great unanswered question.

"I had seen China again.  I had seen the future.  And I couldn't help but
wonder if it would work."

(End of Article)

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7. Job Opportunities in Hong Kong ...................................... 12
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From: PHYYAN@usthk.ust.hk

Postdoctoral Fellow Position

The physics department of The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
has a postdoctoral position opening immediately for developing new in-house
x-ray optical systems for diffraction, microscopy, and lithography.

This appointment can start as early as November 1.  The salary is about HK
$20,000/month (US$30,800/year).  Any person with related research
experience is welcome to apply.  Please send a resume with e-mail or fax
number and three letters of recommendation to Dr. X. Yan, Department of
Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay,
Kowloon, Hong Kong.  Fax number: (852)-358-1652, e-mail:
phxyan@usthk.bitnet.

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