HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: Steve.Hayes@p5.f22.n7101.z5.fidonet.org (Steve Hayes)
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Subject: Royalty GedCom and GEDCOM program
Date: Thu, 07 Jan 93 06:17:00 GMT
Organization: FidoNet node 5:7101/22.5 - Novell User Group, Pretoria RSA

On <06 Jan 1993 07:26> C R Pennell (5:7104/2) said to All :

 CRP>Hm, I'm not sure about this. It raises a question about WHY 
 CRP>people do
 CRP>genealogy anyway. You can see it in two ways, I think. As a way 
 CRP>of
 CRP>collecting      information about how YOU got to where you are: 
 CRP>that's obvious
 CRP>But also as a tool to build up a wider picture of the past. Its 
 CRP>pretty
 CRP>clear that at every level, and in any society you care to 
 CRP>mention, that
 CRP>kinship connections were used to advance - or protect - 
 CRP>economic social
 CRP>and political position. For a historian these connections are 
 CRP>pretty
 CRP>important.

Thanks very much for the fascinating examples. 

There are similar examples in Southern Africa. Among blacks in the 19th 
century and earlier the genealogies of influential families were passed on by 
oral tradition, which was sometimes quite complicated. Among the Herero, for 
example, there were two kinds of cattle, which we might call "secular" and 
"religious" - the secular cattle were inherited in the female line called 
"eanda", and the religious cattle were inherited in the male line, called 
"orozu". 

Among whites, much of the political and economic power before the discovery of 
diamonds in 1869, was linked to merchant capital, and the families of 
importers and exporters were often linked by marriage and common descent. With 
the introduction of mining capital after 1869 the joint stock company became 
much more important, but even then there were monopolies, and family 
relationships played a part.

Steve Hayes
P O Box 7648, Pretoria
0001 South Africa



--  
INTERNET: Steve.Hayes@p5.f22.n7101.z5.fidonet.org
via:  THE CATALYST BBS in Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
       (catpe.alt.za)   +27-41-34-1122 HST or +27-41-34-2859, V32bis & HST.
Newsgroups: soc.roots
From: jmk@cbnews.cb.att.com (joseph.m.knapp)
Subject: Re: Counting Chromosomes
Organization: AT&T
Date: Wed, 13 Jan 1993 04:56:20 GMT

In article <4183@randvax.rand.org> lincoln@rand.org (Tom Lincoln) writes:
>What you have is a Markoff Process in which the present state is only
>loosely coupled with the past. We know where we are, but we can only
>know in the most general terms how we got here. Moreover, the most
>pronounced feature of genes is that they interact -- so that the
>particular mix that makes up the individual is vastly more important
>than the sum of the parts. Some genes have a dramatic impact, and many
>of these that we recognise are ominous -- like factor VIII deficiency
>hemophilia or Huntington's chorea (Woody Gutherie's Disease). This
>gives an excessive emphasis on the individual gene rather than on he
>interplay. In a parallel manner, we found a bunch of vitamins and
>hormones that stood out, but only now have we begun to realize the
>astonishing extent of the chemical messaging system that binds the
>workings of the body together.
>
>It looks as if Arlo Gutherie didn't inherit his father's fatal gene..

I hadn't heard that he got the test -- that is great news. The amazing
leaps and bounds being made in genetics are really exciting. There was
a recent story about a possible cure for a hereditary lung disease,
cystic fibrosis, involving piggybacking the necessary gene on a
cold virus that had been genetically altered so it could not reproduce.
The way I understood it, the virus infects lung cells, splices it's
own DNA and the piggybacked gene into the cells' DNA as viruses are wont
to do, only now the the cells have a copy of the gene that they
formerly lacked.

Anyway, great stuff is happening.

---
Joe Knapp   jmk@cbvox.att.com
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Apparently-To: roots-l@vm1.nodak.edu
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Mon, 11 Jan 1993 08:12:37 PST
Reply-To:     "Mike Holland Digital Equip. Corp. Colorado Springs,
              Co. 11-Jan-1993 0907" <holland@CX3COM.ENET.DEC.COM>
From:         "Mike Holland Digital Equip. Corp. Colorado Springs,
              Co. 11-Jan-1993 0907" <holland@CX3COM.ENET.DEC.COM>
Subject:      Battle of Gaines Mill, American Civil War
Comments: To: roots-l@vm1.nodak.edu

In researching the family surname JACOBS, I have come across a
John A. JACOBS that was killed in 1862 during a battle at Gaines
Mill, he was in the 9th Alabama Infantry CSA.

Are there any American Civil War buffs out there that can tell me
where/when this battle was fought.

Thanks

Mike

+-------------------------------+
|  Mike Holland                 |
|  Digital Equipment Corp.      |
|  305 Rockrimmon Blvd.         |
|  Colorado Springs, Colorado   |
|  (719)592-5964                |
|  holland@cx3com.enet.dec.com  |
+-------------------------------+
HOLLAND, CHAPMAN, JACOBS, WOMBLE, HESTER, BAKER, GRIMMER,
TRAWICK, SHOUTER, STRINGER, MONTGOMERY, KING, WHEELER
USA/AL/GA/FL/SC/NC/VA early 1700s until Present

SMITH, SCOTT, PRITCHARD, KITTLE, DENNISON, SKIDMORE, SHELTON,
DALTON, THARP, GARVIN, MOODY, JOHNSON, STALNAKER, CRAWFORD,
SKINNER, DAVIS, HENKLE/HENCKEL/HINKLE
USA/WV/VA/PA/NJ/IRELAND/SCOTLAND/WALES/GERMANY early 1700s
until Present

GROVER, TORRY, MOORE, ADAIR, HENDERSON, SAYELS, MCMURRAY,
GANER, WOOD, LEWIS, MCALISTER, MCSWEENEY
USA/VT/NY/MA/IRELAND/SCOTLAND early 1700s to present
From: mmjjmm@post.its.mcw.edu (Michael Malloy)
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Subject: German geneologist needed
Date: 5 Jan 1993 21:00:24 -0600
Organization: Medical College of Wisconsin  (Milwaukee, WI)
NNTP-Posting-Host: post.its.mcw.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.1 PL7]

I am trying to locate some records of an ancester from STRALSUND.  The
person's birth record I am looking for is CARL BURMESTER.  He was married
to a CAROLINE BROWN.  Their son was a LUDWIG BURMEISTER who was born March
1856 in Bartelshagen, Franzburg, Stralsund, Prussia.  The names of
Ludwig's parents were found on Ludwig's death certificate, so they may or
may not be correct.  Does anyone know where I would be able to find this
information? 

-- 
Michael J. Malloy
Medical College of Wisconsin           Truth is a Virus
mmjjmm@post.its.mcw.edu
From: asuncion@ac.dal.ca
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Subject: looking for books
Date: 7 Jan 93 22:25:53 -0400
Organization: Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

Looking for:

(1) Father Tompkins of Nova Scotia
     by George Boyle
     published by P. J. Kenedy & Sons, 1953

(2) The Story of Tompkinsville
     by Mary E. Arnold
     published by The Cooperative League, 1940

Please reply to:

Anne M. Swarce
1025 High St
Bridgewater, MA
02324, USA

Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Tue, 12 Jan 1993 11:52:01 EST
Reply-To:     Suzanne Badenhop <AHCSBB@UKCC.UKY.EDU>
From:         Suzanne Badenhop <AHCSBB@UKCC.UKY.EDU>
Subject:      German Baptismal Names

It is my understanding that no matter how many names a child
was given at baptism (two, three, four or five) the common name
used was the last name.  For example, my husband's great grand-
mother was baptised as Katharina Maria Anna Juliane and her
common name was Julia.  She was baptised in the northern part
of Germany.  This example holds true for all of the Germans who
immigrated from Germany to Northwester Ohio.

I have observed that it is common in the southern parts of the
United States for people to go by their middle name.  I am not
sure of the origin of this.  Could it be an Anglo tradition as
well?
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Via: uk.ac.sheffield-hallam; Wed, 6 Jan 1993 09:49:33 +0000
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Wed, 6 Jan 1993 09:38:00 LCL
Reply-To:     M.Fitzgibbons@SHEFFIELD-HALLAM.AC.UK
From:         MFITZGIB <M.Fitzgibbons@SHEFFIELD-HALLAM.AC.UK>
Subject:      Re: English counties etc.
Comments: To: Trevor Jenkins <ROOTS-L@VM1.NoDak.EDU>

Hello Rooters
Trevor Jenkins writes:-

>There have been other Boundary Commissions. The effects of these others
has
>not been so marked but I recall that some towns were "moved" from one
>county to another by these other quangos. A definitive list of such
>movements would be very helpful.

While I dont have the definative list, this question reminded me of a
similar
item that I was involved with some years ago.  It seems that Todmordon
pronounced "Todmeden" has changed counties more than once in the
past. It sits on the border between Yorkshire and Lancashire. I enquired
at the local archive about this. I had a wonderfull tale told to me about
the
changes. The punch line of the story was to the effect that Yorkshire
folk
insist that Todmorden is in Lancashire, and the Lancashire folk insist
that
it is in Yorkshire. Furthermore During the early bombing raids in WWII
the
German Luftwaffe returned from a raid on Todmorden saying some one
had beat them to it.

I hope the residents of Todmorden will forgive me for relating the tale!

.Mike Fitzgibbons. Principal Technical Officer
 Sheffield Hallam University

+------------------------------------------------------------------------+

  Janet.............. M.Fitzgibbons@uk.ac.shu
   Internet........... M.Fitzgibbons@sheffield-hallam.ac.uk
   X400...... /I=M/S=Fitzgibbons/O=sheffield-hallam/PRMD=UK.AC/ADMD=
/C=GB/
   Bitnet.............. M.Fitzgibbons%uk.ac.shu@ukacrl
   Arpa................ M.Fitzgibbons%uk.ac.shu@nsfnet-relay.ac.uk
  Telex...............54680 SHPOLY G
  Compuserve INTERNET:MFITZGIB@SCIPIO.MHS.COMPUSERVE.COM
  Uunet ............. SHEFFIELD-HALLAM.AC.UK!M.Fitzgibbons@uunet.UU.NET
  Ham ............... G8VHB@GB7WRG.GBR.EU
  Tel................... Number    0742 - 533123
   Fax................. Number    0742 - 533161

+------------------------------------------------------------------------+

never try to teach a pig to sing, it wastes your time and annoys the pig!

+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Fri, 8 Jan 1993 09:29:20 EST
Reply-To:     "Michael Renshawe-Preservation Librarian,
              McGill Un" <ED20@MUSICA.MCGILL.CA>
From:         "Michael Renshawe-Preservation Librarian,
              McGill Un" <ED20@MUSICA.MCGILL.CA>
Subject:      pioneers
Comments: To: ROOTS-L%@VM1.NODAK.EDU

Nancy... Yes, pioneers were usually skilled soldiers detailed
from regular duties to build bridges, fortifications, etc.  Civies
were also at times hired or pressed into duty.
Federal army periodically organized pioneer units, but confederates
use is less clear.  Similar to engineers.
For nice little discussion, see Historical Times Illustrated Ency
of the Civil War, Pat Faust editor.
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Mon, 11 Jan 1993 15:20:47 EST
Reply-To:     Joe Gardner <JGARDNER@UKCC.UKY.EDU>
From:         Joe Gardner <JGARDNER@UKCC.UKY.EDU>
Subject:      Another Civil War Question

   Family tradition has always said that my G'grandfather--whose name I
bear--rode in "Fighting Joe" Wheeler's cavalry. Although I've searched
in Washington, Richmond, & Montgomery, the only confirmation I'd found
was an 1862 tax list for DeKalb Co., AL, which lists him as "In
Service," but doesn't indicate his regiment or company.

  Santa was very good to me this Christmas by bringing me copies of
three letters my g'g'father wrote while "in service." Is there some
source that will allow me to use the places, dates and events
mentioned in these letters as a means of vectoring in on his unit?

  For example, the first letter is headed "Clinton, Anderson Co.,
Tenn, Feb 18, 1862." In it he says his battalion had "two little
battles" with some "Lincolnites" up in Scott Co., "near the Ken-
tucky line," one on 12  February & the other on the 2nd.

  On 13 Sept 1862 he was at "Camp Boses Ford" where his company
had been sent to guard the Cumberland Gap while Kirby-Smith set
out for Cincinnati & Bragg & Buell chased each around Kentucky
& Tennessee.

  On 30 June 1863 he is at "Rogers Gap, Tenn," but the bulk of his
regiment is "at Big Creek, 15 miles from here." Says they
had "a little fight day before yesterday."

  Guess what I'm looking for is some sort of headquarters report
that'll say "Co.    X, Nth Alabama sent on patrol 2 Feb. 1862,
skermished with locals" or "30 June 1863: Nth Alabama Cav. at
Big Springs, TN; Companies X & Z detailed to Rogers Gap" or
something of that sort.

 Can anyone help?

 Thanks,
 Joe Gardner
 jgardner@ukcc.uky.edu
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Sun, 10 Jan 1993 15:30:18 EST
Reply-To:     George Waller <HBLADM47@UCONNVM.BITNET>
From:         George Waller <HBLADM47@UCONNVM.BITNET>
Subject:      Re: Royalty and probability

On Sat, 9 Jan 1993 17:45:36 GMT Fred Rump from home said:
>beaurega@ireq.hydro.qc.ca (Denis Beauregard) writes:
>
>>I read a book about the roots of the Capetians, the 3rd races
>>of Kings of France (after Merovingians and Carolingians).
>
>>You read book AAA.  It said parents of PERSON are F1 and M1.
>>Then, you read book BBB, which gives parents as F2 and M2.
>>And one more book CCC, giving parents F3 and M2 (this time, the same
>>mother as another source).  Years after, you re-read book AAA.
>
>>If you don't keep track of all hypothesis, you have all persons floating
>>around with no relation.  When you find some new data, you have to
>>keep some paper or note about this in a not-structured fashion.
>>But, isn't it best to have it managed at the same place as the
>>more solid part of the tree?
>
>NO, not in my opinion. What good is guessing at guessing? Why not simply leave
>the unknown for what it is. If I can't prove the connection, however tenous
>the actual genetic connection may be, I will leave such genealogy to the
>writers of fictional family histories.
>
>It is bad enough doing genealogy when one knows has supporting documents, let
>alone guessing at probability of unknown facts. It stretches fun a bit too
>far into never-never land.
>
>fred

Fred's response to Denis suggests several comments:

1. Fred again refers to genealogy as "fun" as if it were nothing more.
   Please remember that to some this is part of their religion.
   (And, I am not of that religion, in case it matters to anyone).

2. If I understand Denis' suggestion correctly, he is suggesting that
   we use software to store data rather than leave it on paper. Am
   in favor of that.

3. Having just purchased Microsoft Access (relational database manage-
   ment system for DOS/Windows) I plan on developing a prototype of
   what I ******REALLY****** want. That is, a software package which
   will allow the entry of raw data from many sources and produce
   genealogical output (databases, reports, etc). This approach would
   certainly allow for what Denis is suggesting.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cousin George Waller, UConn, HBLADM47@UCONNVM.BITNET   --> Happy Hunting!
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Wed, 6 Jan 1993 21:41:00 EST
Reply-To:     "EMIS2::REEDL" <REEDL%EMIS2.decnet@GW1.HANSCOM.AF.MIL>
From:         "EMIS2::REEDL" <REEDL%EMIS2.decnet@GW1.HANSCOM.AF.MIL>
Subject: re: Deskjet Refills
Comments: To: ROOTS-L <ROOTS-L@VM1.NODAK.EDU>

                          E L E C T R O N I C   M A I L
                     (DDN Host Address:  GW1.HANSCOM.AF.MIL)

                                        Date:      06-Jan-1993 21:41
                                        From:      LtC Lawrence A. Reed
                                        Username:  REEDL
                                        Dept:      ESC/TNU-2
                                        Tel No:    (617) 377-9578

TO:  _WINS%                               ( _DDN[ROOTS-L@VM1.NODAK.EDU] )


Subject: re:  Deskjet Refills

I personally use the INKFINITY (tm) Re-Inking Kit for Deskjet, Plus, & 500
marketed (not sure if manufactured by:

Raven Systems of Oakland NJ
P.O. Box 253
Franklin Lakes
NJ  07417

They sell both kits (ink, gloves, hypodermic with blunt needle, instructions)
and bottles of various colors and quantities of Deskjet Ink.  I think I paid
about $18 for the kit which included 2oz of ink (enough for 10+ refills).  I
think they sell a 6 or 8 oz bottle of ink alone for about the same price.

I've used their products (two different kits and some refill ink) for about 2
1/2 years with good results.  The ink is water resistant and flows well.
I've refilled one DJ cartridge over 10 times without a hitch.

*** I have no commercial interests in Raven Systems or their products - just
a satisfied customer ***

I buy their stuff at local computer shows, but they mail-order as well.

cheers

Larry Reed
reedL@gw1.hanscom.af.mil
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=us-ascii
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Sun, 10 Jan 1993 13:14:13 -0800
Reply-To:     Lisa Oberg <lisanne@U.WASHINGTON.EDU>
Comments:     Warning -- original Sender: tag was
              lisanne@CARSON.U.WASHINGTON.EDU
From:         Lisa Oberg <lisanne@U.WASHINGTON.EDU>
Subject:      Re: Wisconsin Historical Library?
Comments: To: aguilbault@GALAXY.GOV.BC.CA
Comments: cc: Multiple recipients of list ROOTS-L
          <ROOTS-L%NDSUVM1.BITNET@uwavm.u.washington.edu>

Here is the address and phone number you requested.  I have been there and
it is a wonderful place, located on the UW-Madison campus.

                STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF WISCONSIN
                        816 State Street
                        Madison, WI  53706

                        (608) 262-3421

On Sat, 9 Jan 1993 aguilbault@GALAXY.GOV.BC.CA wrote:

> I tried the "First Search" library catalogue and was very impressed!
>
> Could anyone give the address or phone number of the Wisconsin Historical
> Library?  (shown as WI or WIH in First Search).
>
> Thanks!
>
> Alan Guilbault          INTERNET:  aguilbault@galaxy.gov.bc.ca
> Victoria, Canada        Phone:     (604) 389-3090
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Subject: Mac PAF Update? (Ever?)
From: Matt Adair <MLADAIR@MTUS5.BITNET>
Date: Saturday, 9 Jan 1993 22:49:31 EST
Organization: Computing Technology Services, Michigan Technological Univ.

Does anybody know if the LDS is ever planning another update
for the Macintosh version of Personal Ancestral File?
My understanding is the current version is 2.1.  I really
think it is a nice program, especially for the price, but it
just hasn't kept up with the Mac lately.  I think there are many
many, many ways that it could be improved to take advantage of
current Macintosh technology, especially system 7.
From what I can understand, the FHL is concentrating their
efforts around DOS machines, which is fine. But why should
Mac users be left out too, especially now that being able to
transfer files across different platforms is becoming extremely
easy and efficient.

- Matt Adair    mladair@mtus5.cts.mtu.edu

Searching: ADAIR, BAUSERMAN, BRADLEY, BROADHEAD, CARD, CARTER
           GARDNER, GLASSMIRE, GOETSCH, MCWILLIAMS, O'TOOLE
           OWEN, PERRY, SISCO, WARREN
Newsgroups: soc.roots
From: schutt@netcom.com (David G. Schutt)
Subject: Re: CD/ROM,DOS/MAC, FHC
Organization: Netcom - Online Communication Services  (408 241-9760 guest) 
Date: Wed, 6 Jan 1993 18:57:02 GMT

Apple File Exchange will also format the disk in IBM format.
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Mailer: Elm [revision: 70.30]
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Mon, 11 Jan 1993 16:21:53 MST
Reply-To:     John Spencer <jrs@HPESJRS.FC.HP.COM>
From:         John Spencer <jrs@HPESJRS.FC.HP.COM>
Subject:      Generations and Counting Chromosomes
Comments: To: roots-l@vm1.NoDak.edu

I was wondering if the dilution of genes had any bearing on the verse in Exodus
chapter 34 and verse 7.

"Keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin,
and that will by no means clear the guilty; visiting the iniquity of the
fathers upon the children, and upon the children's children, unto the third
and to the fourth generation."

Maybe there is not much of our ggggrandparents in us.


John R. Spencer  (jrs@fc.HP.COM, (303) 229-3271)
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Wed, 6 Jan 1993 09:07:51 EST
Reply-To:     BAINTER@ESDSDF.DNET.GE.COM
From:         BAINTER@ESDSDF.DNET.GE.COM
Subject:      Civil War
Comments: To: roots-l@vm1.nodak.edu

To any Civil War buffs out there...

On some info I've gotten on my gggrandfather, it states that for a
period of time during his enlistment, he was on "detached duty" to
the Pioneer Corps.  I figure that detached duty means service away
from his regular regiment, but has anyone ever heard of the Pioneer
Corps?  I've checked the CW volumes that I own and can find now
(I mean, no) reference to it.  Can anybody help??

Nancy
bainter@esdsdf.dnet.ge.com
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
X-Envelope-to: roots-l@ndsuvm1.BITNET
X-VMS-To: IN%"roots-l@ndsuvm1"
X-VMS-Cc: ESS
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Tue, 12 Jan 1993 14:00:00 EDT
Reply-To:     Trish <ESS@SNYGENVA.BITNET>
From:         Trish <ESS@SNYGENVA.BITNET>
Subject:      I am here again

Thanks to all who sent me word that all was well with roots-l.
Our system manager just fixed the problem at our end and I am
again receiving roots again.  Thanks for your responses.

Pat
================================================================================
E-MAIL ADDRESSES:                                       !             !
ESS@GENESEO.BITNET                                      !             !
ESS@SNYGENVA.BITNET                                     !  HAVE       !
ESS%SNYGENVA.BITNET@UBVM.CC.BUFFALO.EDU                 !   YOU       !
                                                        !    HUGGED   !
SNAIL MAIL ADDRESS:            WORK ADDRESS:            !     YOUR    !
Patricia Ess Harter            Patricia Ess Harter      ! FIREFIGHTER !
7987 Route 63 North            Senior Computer Operator !  TODAY ?    !
Dansville, New York  14437     SUNY @ GENESEO           !             !
                               Geneseo, New York  14454 '_____________'
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Return-Path: <DURANGO@cbos.uc.edu>
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Thu, 7 Jan 1993 21:21:00 -0800
Reply-To:     DURANGO@CBOS.UC.EDU
From:         DURANGO@CBOS.UC.EDU
Subject: Reply: Re: FHC Computer Knowledge
Comments: To: roots-l@vm1.nodak.edu

     [6B Hello!
I just retruned from the FHC since they installed computers and found
they were very good. The servers were very helpful and knowledeable about
them. They had the rom disc which had as much information as the microfiche./
The one I went to is in Cincinnati and they only reserve one half hour and you h
ave to call them first.
Sincerely,
robert thomin





  [5B
Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
Mailer: Elm [revision: 70.30]
Newsgroups: soc.roots
Date:         Fri, 8 Jan 1993 09:30:55 MST
Reply-To:     Joe Price <price@PHYSICS.ISU.EDU>
From:         Joe Price <price@PHYSICS.ISU.EDU>
Subject:      Title of ensign
Comments: To: roots-l distribution <roots-l@vm1.nodak.edu>

While reading the HISTORY OF HAVERHILL, MASS. I found that sevral men
had 'ensign' in front of there names.  Does this imply that they were in
some type of naval organization?

The term 'sergt' was in front of some other names.  I assume that this meant
that they were in some milita organization.

Any clarification about these terms will be greatly appreciated.

Joe Price
Pocatello, ID