HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: dchung@efi.com (Daniel Chung)
Subject: [Chinese] pronunciation symbol computer program
Followup-To: sci.lang,soc.culture.china,soc.culture.taiwan,soc.culture.hongkong
Organization: Electronics For Imaging, Inc.
Date: Wed, 11 Nov 1992 17:09:29 GMT


 \ / --- \/   |  \/   /   |  -|  /   -+-  |  /   /-+ / / \    // \ / --- \  
  X  /        |      <    |  |--      /   |       /| \/      <<   X  /      
 / \ \--      |       \   |    /     --|  |      / / --|      \\ / \ \--    

  |  --+ \/   |  /    // -+- \   --- -+- \/   |  \/ 
  |   X       |      <<  /        \  /        |     
  |  / \      |       \\ \--      /  \--      |     

 ---  |  ||  \/  ||| \ / \    |  /       +-- \ / /   +-- / / \     /-+ -+-  
  |   |  ++-     |+|  X       |  ---     |    X      |   \/      +  /| /    
  |   |  +--     --- / \      |    /     +-- / \     /   --|       / / \--  

  //  /  /   +-+ \  
 //  /       |-+    
  |  ---     /      

 +-+ \ / /    // \ / --- \/  --   |  \/  ---  |  -+- \/   |  / / \  
 |\|  X      <<   X  /        /-  |       |   |  /|       |  \/     
 +-+ / \      \\ / \ \--       /  |       |   |   +-      |  --|    

  /   |   /  \/  | |  |  \   /-+  |  -|  \   --+ \/  ---  |  /   \  
 <    |  /       +-|  |       /|  |  |--      |/      |   |  ---    
  \   |  ---       |  |      / /  |    /      |       |   |    /    

  // \   \/  \ / --- \/ 
 <<   \       X  /      
  \\   \     / \ \--    





 ||| \ /  /       /   |  \/   |  / / /  
 |+|  X  /       <    |       |  \/     
 --- / \ ---      \   |       |  --|
From: mmth@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: Re: IPA fonts..
Date: 6 Nov 92 15:53:42 CST
Organization: University of Kansas Academic Computing Services

In article <1992Oct27.193644.22091@midway.uchicago.edu>, schiller@whorf(Eric Schiller) writes:
> 
> Blame Bill Gates. Windows supports TrueType but not zero=-width
> (non-advancing) characters. There are some postscri[pt fonts that
> can be used, including Stone Phonetic IF you have software that
> supports kerning. Chuck Bigelow has not finished Lucida IPA.
> 
The Overstrike command, available in WordPerfect for Windows as well
as in Word for Windows 2.0, works better than zero-width "dead" keys
anyway. It centers diacritics so that you don't have to have three
different syllabic markers, for instance, the way those poor Mac users
have to.
=====================================
= Michael M. T. Henderson           =
= Linguistics Dept., U. of Kansas   =    
= Lawrence, KS 66045-2140           =
= (913)864-3450                     =
= Bitnet:   mmth@ukanvax            =
= Internet: mmth@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu =
=====================================
From: mmth@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: Re: IPA fonts..
Date: 6 Nov 92 15:46:36 CST
Organization: University of Kansas Academic Computing Services

In article <1992Oct27.193644.22091@midway.uchicago.edu>, schiller@whorf(Eric Schiller) writes:
> In article <1chsjcINN771@uwm.edu> hahn@csd4.csd.uwm.edu (David James Hahn)  
> writes:
>> > This may reveal a pathetically low level of technology, but does  
> anyone have
>> > an IPA font that could be used with an Epson LQ-500 24-pin dot-matrix
>> > printer on an IBM (using DOS 3.21 or so)?
>> > 
>> > Alternatively, a Macintosh IPA font?
>> > 
>> > ---Ron Fein
>> > 
>> Is there any program or font available with IPA for the PC at all?
>> I've never seen one.  The Mac has all kinds of stuff for linguistics,
>> what's up?  I don't know nothin'  about fonts (i.e. all the lingo).
> 
> Blame Bill Gates. Windows supports TrueType but not zero=-width
> (non-advancing) characters. There are some postscri[pt fonts that
> can be used, including Stone Phonetic IF you have software that
> supports kerning. Chuck Bigelow has not finished Lucida IPA.
> 
> I provide in-house support at U Chicago on a character by character
> basis for the PC. We have lots of Mac fonts of course, and I am
> working on a NeXT font. But to encourage linguists to work on
> a PC is like distributing dirty needles to drug addicts.
> 
> --
> ***** ** *** **** ***** ** *** **** ***** ** *** **** ***** ** *** ****
> Sometimes my head is in the clouds of theory, but often it is just a fog.
> My feet, meantime, tend to stay more or less on the ground. I think.
> ***** ** *** **** ***** ** *** **** ***** ** *** **** ***** ** *** ****
> Eric Schiller                              schiller@sapir.uchicago.edu
> Dept of Linguistics, Univ. of Chicago      schiller@whorf.uchicago.edu
-- 
=====================================
= Michael M. T. Henderson           =
= Linguistics Dept., U. of Kansas   =    
= Lawrence, KS 66045-2140           =
= (913)864-3450                     =
= Bitnet:   mmth@ukanvax            =
= Internet: mmth@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu =
=====================================
Newsgroups: sci.lang,alt.magick
From: petelev@convex.com (Pete Levinthal)
Subject: Sacred Mushrooms and the Cross
Date: Tue, 10 Nov 1992 22:48:57 GMT
Organization: Engineering, CONVEX Computer Corp., Richardson, Tx., USA
X-Disclaimer: This message was written by a user at CONVEX Computer
              Corp. The opinions expressed are those of the user and
              not necessarily those of CONVEX.

Hello,

The book "Sacred Mushrooms and the Cross" by John Allegro has been
recommended to me by an etymologist who suggests that it contains a great deal
of information concerning language evolution.

Is anyone familiar with this work who can give a review?  Even better, does
anyone know where I can find a copy?  None of the local libraries or used
bookstores have it.  Thanks..

Pete

petelev@convex.com
From: turkel@unixg.ubc.ca (Bill Turkel)
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: RFD: sci.philosophy.language
Date: 9 Nov 1992 21:39:48 GMT
Organization: University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
Distribution: world
NNTP-Posting-Host: unixg.ubc.ca


Count me in for a sci.philosophy.language group.

Bill
turkel@unixg.ubc.ca
Xref: sparky sci.lang:7949 soc.culture.esperanto:2066
From: cam@castle.ed.ac.uk (Chris Malcolm)
Newsgroups: sci.lang,soc.culture.esperanto
Subject: Re: [week] Re: Weekdays in other languages (was: ... Latin?)
Date: 10 Nov 92 10:54:52 GMT
Organization: Edinburgh University

In article <1992Nov04.191634.18686@microsoft.com> siobhan@microsoft.com (Siobhan Harper) writes:
>In article <1992Nov3.195527.24256@efi.com> dchung@efi.com (Daniel Chung) writes:

>>     Is it not wonderful that the whole world use the same schedule of
>>"weeks"?

>Consider the Cambodian week: (in a _very_ rough transliteration)

>tngay can       (day of the moon)
>tngay angkia    (day of Mars)
>tngay put       (day of Mercury)
>tngay prahoeh   (day of Jupiter)
>tngay sok       (day of Venus)
>tngay sau       (day of Saturn)
>tngay aathit    (day of the Sun)

>These names aren't a result of the French colonization; they predate them
>by quite a while. Yet they are the same planets, in the same order, as the
>Western week. The link is the Babylonian and Hindu astronomers; the names
>went east from India and west from Babylonia, along with the concept of a
>seven-day "week".

This particular ordering is interesting becuase it is an ancient
geometric mnemonic. There are seven days in the week, and there are
three different ways of drawing a septagon. If we regard the weekdays
above as defining the order of the vertices round the septagon, then
the seven-pointed start formed by joining each vertex to its
next-but-one neighbour given us the visible planets in the Chaldean
order, i.e., the order of their mean apparent speed round the ecliptic
(moon, mercury, venus, sun, mars, jupiter, saturn).

If we then draw the seven-pointed star formed by joining each vertex
to its next-but-two-neighbour, then we have the order of atomic
weights of the alchemical metals associated with the planets (iron,
copper, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lead).

If you want the same starting point for all three septagons you need
to start with Saturday and go backwards.

So, once you knew this septagon trick, you could use the weekdays to
remember some useful astrological and alchemical lore. Very useful in
the days when books were as scarce as the ability to read them.

[Astronomical note: I have used "planet" here in its old inclusive
sense.]
-- 
Chris Malcolm    cam@uk.ac.ed.aifh          +44 (0)31 650 3085
Department of Artificial Intelligence,    Edinburgh University
5 Forrest Hill, Edinburgh, EH1 2QL, UK                DoD #205
From: ajk@garnet.berkeley.edu (Adam Jacobs)
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: Re: Weekdays in Hungarian (was: other languages)
Date: 12 Nov 1992 05:12:53 GMT
Organization: University of California, Berkeley
NNTP-Posting-Host: garnet.berkeley.edu

In article <43485@imag.imag.fr> maffray@imag.fr (Frederic Maffray) writes:
>
>The names of the days in Hungarian seem rather strange to me:
>
> ,  "               " "  "   ,                ,
>HETFO KEDD SZERDA CSUTORTOK PENTEK SZOMBAT VASARNAP
>
>OK, I understand that hetfo roughly means first of the week,
>szombat is a variant of shabbat, and vasarnap is market day.
>Also I surmise that pentek is from the Greek root meaning
>five. But the other three make no sense to me.  Are they
>derived from the name of some deities?  If not what is their
>origin and etymology?
>
>
>Frederic Maffray

It's nothing particularly surprising -- certainly no deities are
hiding in these names.

Hetfo {h\'etf\H o} is a compound of het 'week' (from the number word
het '7') and fo 'head, Haupt-' -- thus, the "head of the week." fo is
demonstrably of Finno-Ugric origin; het is tricky but in my opinion
very likely ultimately of Indo-European ancestry, presumably through
Iranian;

Kedd is clearly related to the number word ketto {kett\H o} 'two', so:
"the second day."  Finno-Ugric;

Szerda is from the Slavic root for 'middle,' thus: "Mittwoch";

Csutortok {cs\"ut\"ort\"ok} is from the Slavic root for the number
'four,' so: "the fourth day"

Pentek {p\'entek} is similarly of Slavic origin (not Greek, though
obviously the Slavic and Greek roots are cognates) and refers, as you
guessed, to 'five.'

Szombat 'sabbath' also arrived into Hungarian with Slavic mediation.

Vasarnap {vas\'arnap} is indeed market day; vasar is ultimately of
Iranian origin (thus related to English "bazaar") and nap is the
native word for 'day' (as well as for 'sun', displaying an
unsurprising polysemy).  It's worth noting, however, that "market" as
an independent lexeme is {v\'as\'ar} with two long vowels.

The system is evidently similar to that of modern Slavic languages,
with some substitutions of native word-stock.

Adam Jacobs (Kuznetsov)
ajk@garnet.berkeley.edu
From: turkel@unixg.ubc.ca (Bill Turkel)
Newsgroups: sci.lang
Subject: Announcing the MINIMALIST mailing list
Date: 5 Nov 1992 18:33:58 GMT
Organization: University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
Distribution: world
NNTP-Posting-Host: unixg.ubc.ca


This is a forum for the discussion of Noam Chomsky's 1992 Minimalist paper.
I think that we will have a stimulating variety of backgrounds and interests,
and hopefully we can keep the group small, informal and informative.

If you are just interested in lurking on the group, that is OK.  If you have
not read the paper in question, it is

	"A Minimalist Program for Linguistic Theory"
	
and is available from

	The Department of Linguistics
	MIT
	Cambridge, MA
	USA 	02139

	for $6 postpaid in the US.

To subscribe/unsubscribe, send a message to <min-request@hivnet.ubc.ca>
To send a message to the list, you send email to <minimal@hivnet.ubc.ca>

Bill Turkel
List Coordinator

turkel@unixg.ubc.ca
bill@hivnet.ubc.ca

ObDisclaimer: I am not affiliated in any way with MIT.
Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: jpe@bacall.uwasa.fi (Jari Perkiomaki)
Subject: SYMPOSIUM: LSP and the Computer
Organization: University of Vaasa, Finland
Date: Fri, 6 Nov 1992 11:19:29 GMT

_____________________________________________________________
VAKKI -- Research Group for LSP and Theory of Translation
         University of Vaasa
_____________________________________________________________

CALL FOR PAPERS

13th VAKKI Symposium on LSP and Theory of Translation
with the special theme

LSP and the Computer

13-14 February 1993 in V|yri, Finland

The purpose of the VAKKI Symposium is to function as an international and 
multilingual forum for scholars who are engaged in research into special 
language theory, translation theory and into related fields of study.

Although this time we focus on LSP research and the computer, we 
welcome all papers on special language research and translation theory 
research. Among our guests will be Professor Dr. Walther von Hahn from 
the University of Hamburg. He will present a plenary paper on the main 
theme. There will also be a workshop on multimedial communication, and a 
workshop on translation and interpreting.

The participation fee, 700 FIM, includes in addition to accommodation in 
double rooms, meals, transportation Vaasa-V|yri-Vaasa and a copy of the 
proceedings. The proceedings will be worked out in consultation with a 
special editorial board.

Deadline for registration: 1 December 1992; for abstracts: 31 December 
1992.

For further information, please contact Henrik Nikula, tel: +358 61 3248 110 
fax: +358 61 3248 131 or Merja Koskela, tel: +358 61 3248 157; e-mail: 
koskela@gado.uwasa.fi

20 October 1992, Vaasa, Finland
Henrik Nikula           Antero Niemikorpi
Outi J{rvi              Merja Koskela
Detlef Wilske

--
Jari Perkiomaki                   = OH6BG               University of Vaasa
jpe@bacall.uwasa.fi (NeXTMail)    jpe@brando.uwasa.fi   fk00133r@uwasa.fi
Newsgroups: sci.lang,alt.magick
From: petelev@convex.com (Pete Levinthal)
Subject: Re: The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross
Date: Wed, 11 Nov 1992 22:24:36 GMT
Organization: Engineering, CONVEX Computer Corp., Richardson, Tx., USA
X-Disclaimer: This message was written by a user at CONVEX Computer
              Corp. The opinions expressed are those of the user and
              not necessarily those of CONVEX.

>Hmm, my college library had it and two or three different critiques.  I 
>didn't think my college had a particularly good section on any of the 
>liberal  arts, so I was under the impression that it was easy to find.  
>Are you looking at community libraries or universities?

I've checked the U. of Texas at Dallas database and commnity college libraries 
with no luck.  None of the used bookstores in the DF/W area had it either.
I've yet to try SMU or U. of North Texas though.

>I thought the theory was fascinating, but unfortunately it's one of those
>things that looks better the less you think about it.  I think the book
>has merit if you're interested in religious history or origins of thought
>or really cool crankpots, but less if you're interested in language 
>evolution.  At least, that's the area that the critics that I read really
>held their noses over.  I have no way of judging for myself how good his
>Hittite really was.

My friend commented that it was a bit "way out" and that I might find it in
the religious or occult sections rather than the language section.  He 
implied that there was information concering the mappings of syllables to 
semantics when the early priesthoods were building names for objects/actions.
He thinks that syllabic/semantic building blocks can even be applied to
understanding the etymology of present day words.  I am interested in finding 
the basis for the mappings and testing it against vocabularies from IE, 
Semitic, and Basque sources.

He was also surprised that the preeminent mycologist of the time declined to
review the book.

I'm not quite as anxious to see it as before, but curiosity still beckons a 
bit.  Thanks for the info.  Hasta..

Pete
Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: jww@evolving.com (John W. Woolley)
Subject: Lost posting?
Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1992 00:44:34 GMT
Organization: Evolving Systems, Inc.
X-Newsreader: Tin 1.1 PL4

On October 29 I tried to post to sci.lang a medium-long article on
Latin entitled 'Nouns of "common gender"'.  I haven't gotten any email
about it or seen any discussion, corrections, or additions, so I
suspect that it didn't get out of my site.  Did anyone see it?

Or was the subject maybe so stultifyingly boring you all just hoped
it would go away if you ignored it?
-- 
Fr. John Woolley (jww@evolving.com); vastly enthusiastic about Augustine,
Austen, babies, Bach, backgammon, baseball, beer, the Bible, Botticelli, Burke,
Chesterton, Dante, Dixieland, hardboiled, Hitchcock, Dr Johnson, Latin, Mozart,
Shakespeare/de Vere, St Teresa, Tolkien, Trollope, Fats Waller, and Washington
Xref: sparky sci.lang:7888 soc.culture.celtic:7184 soc.culture.europe:9354 rec.org.sca:15349
From: matt@smoke.brl.mil (Matthew Rosenblatt)
Newsgroups: sci.lang,sci.classics
Subject: Re: Weekdays in Latin?
Keywords: Sabbath
Date: 9 Nov 92 15:12:22 GMT
Followup-To: sci.lang
Organization: U.S. Army Ballistic Research Lab, APG MD.

In article <peeters.720743176@tasman> peeters@tasman.cc.utas.edu.au 
(bert peeters) writes:

>Saturday = SAMBATUM DIES
. . .
>And if you didn't know where the "sabbath" comes from, look at the word
>for Saturday.  [Bert Peeters]

Where'd the "M" disappear to?  Where'd the second "b" come from?
How about the "th" at the end of "sabbath"?

Cassell's Latin-English Dictionary has two "b's" and no "M."  Liddell
and Scott's Greek-English Lexicon has, "ton sabbaton," with irregular
dative plural "sabbasi."  "Ton sabbaton" is the usage in the Greek
Septuagint Bible, as well as in the Greek New Testament.

As for the "th" at the end, I always thought that it came from the
Hebrew Bible, where the word "shabbath" ends with a Hebrew letter
that English usually transliterates as "th."  The letter for "sh"
didn't make it through Greek and Latin; "s" was substituted instead.
Hence, "sabbath."

					-- Matt Rosenblatt
                                        (matt@amsaa.brl.mil)

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
"Quod semper, quod ubique, quod ab omnibus"
Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: schuyler@clarinet.cis.ohio-state.edu (Carlton Schuyler)
Subject: Machine Learning of Phonological Rules: References sought.
Organization: The Ohio State University Dept. of Computer and Info. Science
Date: Tue, 10 Nov 1992 21:15:56 GMT

I would like to know if anyone out there has some references to work
on machine learning of (generative) phonological rules.  I need to do
a project for a Machine Learning class, and it was suggested to me it
might be fun to try to show that a certain class of phonological rule
sets are polynomially (PAC or not) learnable.  Problem is, I don't
know if someone has already done this or not.

I realize there is a computational phonology mailing list out there
somewhere -- can someone give me the address I need to write to to
subscribe?  Thanks!

-Carl Schuyler                  /\      The Ohio State University
 2405 East Avenue             /\\//\    Department of Computer Science
 Columbus, Ohio 43202  USA    \//\\/    Bolz Hall, Room 228
 Tel: (614) 268-0080            \/      Columbus, Ohio 43210  USA
 E-mail: schuyler@cis.ohio-state.edu    Fax: (614) 292-2911
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
Newsgroups: sci.lang
From: e343mh@tamuts.tamu.edu (Michael Hand)
Subject: Re: RFD: sci.philosophy.language
Organization: Texas A&M University, College Station
Date: Tue, 10 Nov 1992 19:16:45 GMT

I'm up (or down, or whatever) for the sci.phil.lang group.
_______________________________________________________________________
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Michael Hand                     phone (409)845-5660, fax (409)845-0458
Dept of Philosophy, Texas A&M Univ, College Station TX 77843-4237 U.S.A.
Xref: sparky sci.lang:7975 alt.magick:5804
From: dhardin@bbn.com (Dawn Hardin)
Newsgroups: sci.lang,alt.magick
Subject: Re: Sacred Mushrooms and the Cross
Date: 11 Nov 1992 19:54:12 GMT
NNTP-Posting-Host: bbn.com

In article <1992Nov10.224857.19385@news.eng.convex.com>, petelev@convex.com (Pete Levinthal) writes:
> Hello,
> 
> The book "Sacred Mushrooms and the Cross" by John Allegro has been
> recommended to me by an etymologist who suggests that it contains a great deal
> of information concerning language evolution.
> 
> Is anyone familiar with this work who can give a review?  Even better, does
> anyone know where I can find a copy?  None of the local libraries or used
> bookstores have it.  Thanks..

Hmm, my college library had it and two or three different critiques.  I 
didn't think my college had a particularly good section on any of the 
liberal  arts, so I was under the impression that it was easy to find.  
Are you looking at community libraries or universities?

I hope someone can post better info, but since no one has said anything
yet, I'll post a bit about what I remember from having read it and some
critiques five years ago.  Most of the reviewers complained that Allegro
seemed to think that if two words in different languages sounded something
alike then they were connected, without demonstrating any link between
the words or the two languages.  Like, the word in Hittite for (something)
has some letters in common with the word in Hebrew for mushroom.  That
obviously meant that (something) really meant mushroom, or looked like
a mushroom, or reminded somebody of a mushroom, and that obviously has
deep philosophical implications about people taking halucinogenics.  They
seemed to find the whole thing rather thin.

I thought the theory was fascinating, but unfortunately it's one of those
things that looks better the less you think about it.  I think the book
has merit if you're interested in religious history or origins of thought
or really cool crankpots, but less if you're interested in language 
evolution.  At least, that's the area that the critics that I read really
held their noses over.  I have no way of judging for myself how good his
Hittite really was.

Dawn
"Hello death, goodbye Avenue A.  I'm getting tired of waiting, tired of
being afraid.  Joseph Campbell gave me hope and now I have been saved.
So I sing hello death, goodbye Avenue A."  "Folk Song" by Bongwater.

Xref: sparky sci.lang:7922 sci.misc:1795
From: dik@cwi.nl (Dik T. Winter)
Newsgroups: sci.lang,sci.misc
Subject: Re: 42, The Snark and the Hitchhiker
Date: 8 Nov 92 22:52:21 GMT
Followup-To: sci.lang
Organization: CWI, Amsterdam

In article <1dal18INN8ns@majestix.informatik.uni-kiel.dbp.de> ma@informatik.uni-kiel.dbp.de (Martin Ameskamp) writes:
 > It also shows up, a couple of years before Adams wrote his books, in 
 > 'The Hunting of the Snark', in 'Fit the First' where the forgetful Baker is
 > described:
...
It shows up also in the preface where Rule 42 of the Naval Code is cited:
"No one shell speak to the Man at the Helm  and the Man at the Helm shall
speak to no one."

A.L.Taylor gave in 1952 an ingeneous interpretation of the following remark
by Alice in Alice in Wonderland: "Let me see: four times five is twelve,
and four times six is thirteen, and four times seven is -- oh dear!
I shall never get to twenty at that rate!"  Taylor explains: 4*5 is 12 base
18, 4*6 is 13 base 21, continuing (and increasing the base by 3 in each step),
we find that 4*13 is not 20 (base 42) but something else.

Perhaps 42 is indeed the answer.
-- 
dik t. winter, cwi, kruislaan 413, 1098 sj  amsterdam, nederland
home: bovenover 215, 1025 jn  amsterdam, nederland; e-mail: dik@cwi.nl
Xref: sparky sci.lang:7957 soc.culture.british:15593 soc.culture.celtic:7266 rec.org.sca:15648