HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: STEIFR1@AWIIMC12.IMC.UniVie.AC.AT (Friedrich Steimann)
Subject: fuzzy finite automata and fuzzy unification
Organization: Institut fuer Medizinische Computerwissenschaften
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1993 12:40:54 GMT

I am working on state monitoring of patients in ICUs. Using finite automata
(or finite state machines, if you like) for modelling the patient's states
seems reasonable, only crisp criteria for state transitions are not very
adequate. (Neither is the fact that a patient is at 100% in a certain state
very frequent.) Extending FSMs to fuzzyness by the extension principle seems
a good idea to me. Has this been done before? Can anyone povide me with
some theoretic background?
 
Furthermore I am thinking of collecting some thoughts about fuzzy unification
(especially in the context of PROLOG). Is there any work I should look at
before getting started?
 
Please e-mail|
 
Thanks in advance, F.S.
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
From: hafner@informatik.tu-muenchen.de (Walter 'madhouse' Hafner)
Subject: Re: What does "AND" mean?
Organization: Inst. fuer Informatik, TU Muenchen, Germany
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1993 14:57:14 GMT

Disclaimer: Sorry for my english - But i think not all of you speak german :-) 

In article <1993Jan21.225423.25301@netcom.com> gperkins@netcom.com (Glen C. Perkins) writes:

   Ultimately, it appears that the only way to model this deceptively 
   simple and I think typical psychological rule: "the prettier and the 
   nicer, the more interesting" would be for me to sit down and build a 
   truth table. I'd probably need to make one axis PRETTY and one axis 
   NICE in, say, increments of 0.1, and then ask myself how I'd feel 
   about each combination. Then I'd try to figure out what the function, 
   INTEREST(PRETTY, NICE) really was.

   This sort of seems like I'm missing the benefits of fuzzy logic's 
   "ease of development." If I have to design a fancy algorithm for the 
   AND in my one rule, why not just throw away the rule and just use 
   the algorithm? I know fuzzy logic isn't the answer to every question, 
   but it does seem as though it ought to be ideal for encoding 
   something like my little rule.

   Am I missing something? (My marbles, perhaps?) I'd be interested in 
   hearing a bit of a discussion if anyone is interested, so don't e-mail 
   me personally (unless you want to introduce me to a (1.0, 1.0). I 
   suppose that would be the '90s equivalent of a "10"!)

Well. There are the so called 'compensatoric operators' for these kind of
problems. The best known is the 'Lambda-Operator':

mC(x) := (mA(x) * mB(x)) ^ (1 - l) * (1 - (1 - mA(x)) * (1 - mB(x))) ^ l

By choosing a value for 'l' (Lambda), you can get any operator from 'and'
(l = 0) to 'or' (l = 1). Likewise you can do:

mC(x) := min(mA(x), mB(x)) ^ (1 - l) * max(mA(x), mB(x)) ^ l

A short table (min, max formula):

	PRETTY	NICE	'and' (min)	'or' (max)	l = 0.2		l = 0.7

1)	0.0	0.5	0.0		0.5		0.0		0.0
2)	0.3	0.5	0.3		0.5		0.33		0.43
3)	0.3	0.8	0.3		0.8		0.37		0.60
4)	0.3	1.0	0.3		1.0		0.38		0.70

There a problem, Glen did not mention can be seen: In case 2 and 3 the 'and'
value both is 0.3, but in real life ( :-) ) certainly girl 3 would be chosen
... compensatoric operators are capable to handle this.

The main disadvantage is the complexity of these operators.

Sorry, if i'm a bit short, but currently I don't have much time. For better
understanding look in the 'Zimmermann'-book.

-Walter
--
Walter Hafner,  Fichtenweg 10,  8901 Dinkelscherben,  Germany,  Tel: 08292/1436
hafner@informatik.tu-muenchen.de  (preferred address)           1|  /\ /\ /\
hafner@forwiss.tu-muenchen.de     (AI or Fuzzy related topics)   | /  X  X  \
hafner@dartpub.abg.sub.org        (private modem line)          0|/__/_\/_\__\_
From: mas@informatik.uni-kiel.dbp.de (Meinolf Asshoff)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
Subject: CFP - workshop Fuzzy Logic in Ecological Modelling
Date: 22 Jan 1993 12:21:28 +0100
Organization: Dept. of Computer Science, University of Kiel, FRG
NNTP-Posting-Host: goofy.informatik.uni-kiel.dbp.de
Keywords: modelling, fuzzy, ecology, workshop, expert system


                      Fuzzy Logic in Ecological Modelling

                          Workshop, October 12-14,1993

             Ecosystem Research Center, University of Kiel, Germany

                   - First Announcement and Call for Papers -


In many fields of ecological research ecologists have to work with
both objective and subjective information. Fuzzy logic lets them
combine numerical data and linguistic statements in a unified manner.
A fuzzy logic approach allows to deal with some uncertainty problems
in ecological research, namely uncertainty of ecological data and
uncertainty of expert knowledge. The purpose of this workshop is
to present and to discuss state-of-the-art applications of fuzzy
logic in the field of ecology.

                        Topics of the workshop

All aspects of fuzzy logic related to ecological research,
and particulary applications of fuzzy logic to:
   - Qualitative Modelling
   - Approximate Reasoning Methods
   - Knowledge Representation
   - Expert Systems
   - Clustering
   - Databases
in ecology.

                        Participation

The number of participants is limited to 30. Priority will be given to
participants presenting papers. The workshop participation will be free
of charge.

                    Submission of abstracts

Abstracts of paper (max. 1 page) should be sent to Dr. A. Salski not later
than March 31, 1993. Reports on work in progress are welcome.

                        Proceedings

The organizers anticipate the publication of reviewed papers in a special
issue of "Ecological Modelling" (Elsevier) 8-12 months after the workshop.
A booklet of abstracts will be available at the workshop.

                      Important Dates

Registration and submission of abstracts...........March 31, 1993
Notification of acceptance ........................April 30, 1993
Submission of papers ..............................at the workshop

                      Contact Address:
Dr. A. Salski
Projektzentrum Oekosystemforschung
Universitaet Kiel
Schauenburgerstr. 112
D-2300 KIEL, Germany
Fax: ++49-431-880 40 83
E-Mail (Internet): arek@pz-oekosys.uni-kiel.dbp.de




Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
From: bilgic@ie.utoronto.ca (Taner Bilgic)
Subject: Re: The Axioms of Fuzzy Logic
Organization: University of Toronto, Department of Industrial Engineering
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1993 19:00:22 GMT

mpp@cns.brown.edu (Michael P. Perrone) writes:

>Is there a set of precise axioms for Fuzzy Logic?
>Would someone please post them?  I think that comparing
>the axioms of probability to those of fuzzy logic is the
>best way to understand the purported differences between
>the two.

>Thanks,
>Michael Perrone

That will be very useful. Due to lack of time I will be pointing
some references about axiomatizations of fuzzy sets. Hope this
helps for now.

The following two are the first axiomatizations of a theory of fuzzy
classes.
@article{Chap74,
     AUTHOR =	{E.W. Chapin},
     JOURNAL =	{Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic},
     PAGES =	{619--634},
     TITLE =	{Set Valued Set Theory: Part 1},
     VOLUME =	{4},
     YEAR =	{1974},
     CATEGORY =	{fuzzy sets, axioms}
}


@article{Chap75,
     AUTHOR =	{E.W. Chapin},
     JOURNAL =	{Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic},
     PAGES =	{255--267},
     TITLE =	{Set Valued Set Theory: Part 2},
     VOLUME =	{5},
     YEAR =	{1975},
     CATEGORY =	{fuzzy sets, axioms}
}


Goguen defines a fuzzy set to be a function from a (crisp) set X to
a completely distributive lattice with zero and infinity elements, L
and develops a theory of L-fuzzy sets.
@article{Gogu67,
     AUTHOR =	{J.A. Goguen},
     JOURNAL =	{Journal of mathematical analysis and applications},
     PAGES =	{145--174},
     TITLE =	{L-Fuzzy Stes},
     VOLUME =	{18},
     YEAR =	{1967},
     CATEGORY =	{fuzzy sets, axioms}
}


Novak's is one of the other axiomatizations.
@article{Nova80,
     AUTHOR =	{V. Novak},
     JOURNAL =	{Fuzzy Sets and Systems},
     PAGES =	{323--325},
     TITLE ={An Attempt at Godel--Bernays--like axiomatization of fuzzy sets},
     VOLUME =	{3},
     YEAR =	{1980},
     CATEGORY =	{fuzzy sets, axioms}
}


Prati compares several axiomatizations and presents his own. I guess Prati
had a sequel to this article but i do not have it handy.
@article{Prat91,
     AUTHOR =	{N. Prati},
     JOURNAL =	{Fuzzy Sets and Systems},
     NUMBER =	{1},
     PAGES =	{101--110},
     TITLE =	{``{About Axiomatizations of Fuzzy Set Theory}''},
     VOLUME =	{39},
     YEAR =	{1991},
     CATEGORY =	{fuzzy sets, axioms}
}

-- 
Taner Bilgic                      bilgic@ie.toronto.edu
University of Toronto

I speak for myself
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
From: rolfe@fraser.sfu.ca (Christopher John Rolfe)
Subject: Fuzzy music
Keywords: music, fuzzy
Organization: Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1993 10:50:27 GMT

	Amid all the engineering buzz, is there any interest in fuzzy
logic applications beyond washing machines ( or those verdammten
pendulums )?  Fuzzy spectra as an alternative to FFT's, or fuzzy
voice-leading appeal to me as naturalistic models of music.  Any
others involved in fuzzy sound?
 
-- 
Chris                   | 2617 East 4th,| [047] [037] 
rolfe@sfu.ca            | Van., B.C.    | that serial, major/minor, 
Simon Fraser University | V5M 1K5       | tonic/subdom, inversion
Burnaby,  Canada        | Canada        | thing is hurting my brain.
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
From: jdp@engr.uark.edu (Dalton Porter)
Subject: Re: Simulator for fuzzy logic
Organization: University of Arkansas
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1993 22:34:40 GMT

vivian@til.til.com (Vivian Tsou) writes:

>In article <1993Jan19.075547.6654@hellgate.utah.edu>, hutching%elan.cs.utah.edu@cs.utah.edu (Brad Hutchings) writes:
>|> Hi,
>|> 
>|> Is there public domain (or cheap) fuzzy logic simulator software around?
>|> I am looking for something that would allow students to simulate
>|> a fuzzy logic controller. Nothing fancy...
>|> 
>
>An inverted pendulum control demo and source code is available via Togai InfraLogic`s 
>fuzzy-server. Send e-mail to fuzzy-server@til.com with subject line index, and access 
>files pendemo.zip, pendsrc.part01-03.
>
>
In case you're not familiar with how the fuzzy-server works, the exact "syntax"
is
	mail a 'letter' to the server with the subject line ->  HELP

	this will cause a help file to be sent to you.

to get the files, make the body of the letter say
	send pendemo.zip
(no subject line is neede - it is interpretted as part of the body)

-
Dalton Porter
University of Arkansas
jdp@engr.uark.edu
-or-  
dporter@lobby.ti.com
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
From: elias@fitz.TC.Cornell.EDU (Doug Elias)
Subject: Re: What does "AND" mean?
Organization: Software and Consulting Support Group, Cornell Theory Center,
	C.U.
Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1993 15:31:47 GMT



In the context of "pretty and nice", where you'd like to be able to
allow changes in any of the qualities to be reflected in the outcome
and, moreover, you want to allow for different qualities to be
differently weighted ("nice" is more important to me than "pretty",
say), use the "generalized mean" rather than "and" ... that's actually
more in keeping with what you're trying to do, anyway: the person is
some-kind-of "sum" over all of their qualities, not a quasi-logical
conjunction. 

doug
--
#  ____    |Internet:   elias@tc.cornell.edu
#dr _|_)oug|USmail:     Sci.Comp.Support/Cornell Theory Center
#  (_|     |            737 TheoryCtrBldg/C.U./Ithaca/N.Y./14853-3801
#  (_|__   |MaBelle:    607-254-8686   Fax: 607-254-8888
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
From: dlgerber@eos.ncsu.edu (DARRELL L GERBER)
Subject: Re: WHEN and WHY should I use FUZZY logic?
Organization: North Carolina State University
Date: Sun, 24 Jan 1993 17:44:42 GMT

In article <1jq5jdINNsan@shelley.u.washington.edu>, chuckb@stein.u.washington.edu (Charles Bass) writes:
|>  A quick remark regarding fuzzy systems.  
|> 
|>  If one doesn't need a plant model to use fuzzy logic how does
|>  one develop fuzzy rule sets/ test fuzzy rule sets and use a
|>  computer aid in generating the fuzzy rule sets?
|> 
|>  It appears that this is an important point.  If I'm going to
|>  have a fuzzy Missle Guidence System and I need a plant model in
|>  order to automatically (aid) in generating a controller am I
|>  better off just using that model and standard state space
|>  analysis methods?  You can't really do trial and error on such
|>  systems...
|>  
|>  If it is done purely by trial and error could similar results
|>  be had by "tuning" a PID controller (or several PID
|>  controllers).
|> 
|>  chuckb
|> 
|>  disclaimer: I hope I'm not sounding like I don't beleive fuzzy
|>  logic can develop controllers that work.  This point has been
|>  made.  I'm just trying to wade thru the marketing so I can
|>  understand the "big picture" a bit better.


You make a very good point here -- this is probably one of the areas
that needs the most work in Fuzzy Logic Control.  There have been 
several effective tuning methods developed for PID control but it
does have a big head start on Fuzzy.  Part of the problem is what do
you tune?  In a previous followup to this same header I mentioned
changing the rule base as a method of tuning a fuzzy logic
controller (in that case on-line by using an adaptation routine).  
One could also vary the discretization functions and the shape of
the fuzzy sets themselves (triangles, trapezoids,bell-curves, and
sine curves have all been used).  A colleague of mine tried using
phase plots as a method of determining whether controllers are
well tuned or not.  He looked at the plots for various controllers
from well-tuned to very poorly tuned and found a generally
desireable pattern.  Unfortunately, it didn't help him determine how
to make a poorly-tuned controller into a well-tuned controller --
just how to tell which is which.  I think the most important thing
missing is an understanding of exactly what effect variations in
the rule-base, discretization functions, and fuzzy set shapes have
on the performance of the controller.  Another question is can you
even measure the performance of fuzzy-logic controllers the same
way as other controllers or are there better performance measures to
be found?

Just a few things to be pondered.  I know I didn't answer any
questions but maybe it helped give some better understanding into
the state of things.  Aren't new technologies great?  So many
questions, so few answers.

--------------------------

dlgerber@eos.ncsu.edu
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
North Carolina State University

---------------------------
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
From: rolfe@fraser.sfu.ca (Christopher John Rolfe)
Subject: Re: Fuzzy music
Organization: Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada
Date: Tue, 26 Jan 1993 08:54:08 GMT

rvs1265@ritvax.isc.rit.edu writes:

>I guess, you have a good expression of concern there!!
>Why do you think you need a fuzzy inspiration for FFT, you always have the Radon Transform if anything goes astray with FFT.
>It's true that people *seem* to be talking about Washing Machine;s etc..,
>but the way you got to look at it is in terms of the intuition they render.

	I apologize utterly if it sounded snarky... I find the chat on
engineering systems interesting, if a little remote to my field (
which is composition ). For instance, I have no idea what a Radon
Transform is.
	I do, however, know a bit about the perception and performance
of music and have toyed with fuzzy set theory and music. I'm 
wondering about the possibility of applying fuzzy set theory to
spectral pattern perception.  An FFT is an example of the classic 19th
century sound model which takes little account of what we know of
perception.  It is also calculation intensive, which reduces its utility
for real-time music applications.  
	I had one intrigued email response which asked for references;
the only article I've ever come across was one 
on Fuzzy harmonizing of a melody, in last summers Computer Music Journal 
which treated the overtones of a piano tone as partial
members of other notes according to their amplitude.  The strategy is
similar to the one I use for harmonic distance ( calculating the
relatedness of sets of chords ).  Other than this one article, which
unfortunately made some presumptions about tempered tuning, I've
not seen or heard of anyone working in fuzzy music.  

	If any non-musicians make it this far, consider the oft-cited
Zadeh example of a fuzzy instruction, the car-parking fuzzy
instruction - in the realm of human activity this is an
extradorinarily precise activity compared to for instance 
composing a melody.  I would suggest that artists have a lot to
contribute to an understanding of fuzzy logic and its utilization.

  











-- 
Chris                   | 2617 East 4th,| [047] [037] 
rolfe@sfu.ca            | Van., B.C.    | that serial, major/minor, 
Simon Fraser University | V5M 1K5       | tonic/subdom, inversion
Burnaby,  Canada        | Canada        | thing is hurting my brain.
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
From: blam@bunji.uwindsor.ca (B Lam)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
Subject: Re: What is a Fuzzy Expert System?
Date: 21 Jan 1993 16:28:25 GMT
Reply-To: blam@bunji.uwindsor.ca
Organization: Sun Microsystems, Inc.

I lost the file of part1"What is Fuzzy Logic", could someone repost it?


@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
Benjamin Lam 			| blam@Engn.Uwindsor.Ca			@
Department of Electrical Engineering	| 				@
University of Windsor		|				@
Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4		|				@
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
From: chuckb@stein.u.washington.edu (Charles Bass)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
Subject: Re: WHEN and WHY should I use FUZZY logic?
Date: 21 Jan 1993 21:52:54 GMT
Organization: University of Washington
NNTP-Posting-Host: stein.u.washington.edu

gperkins@netcom.com (Glen C. Perkins) writes:

>It's not always as easy as I make it sound, OBVIOUSLY, but
>tweaking these rules is almost always easier than deriving
>simultaneous differential equations in multiple variables
>from first principles!! And a control system based on these

If you don't know how to derive DE's from first principles this
is probably true. However, it is not *that* difficult, espcially
with symbolic math tools that have gained popularity over the
last few years.

>simple fuzzy rules operates much faster than a real-time 
>solution of the differential equations in general.

It may be true that simple fuzzy rules operate faster than
general solutions to DE's, however when DE's are transformed int
difference equations it seems to me that it is difficult to be
more efficient than taking the required sums & products for the
difference equations.

It seems to me that for each "state" in the fuzzy system you
will have to go through fuzzify/defuzzify process.  Is this in
general, faster than the solution of the difference equation? Or
is usually faster?

As I diverge I have a question for large systems.  When a fuzzy
controller is used for a large system (>10 or 20 states) is it
possible for a human to design the controller or are CAD
techniques required? In such a system does the speed of the
fuzzy controller end up being supperior to the traditional
controller.

chuckb
From: wbdst+@pitt.edu (William B Dwinnell)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
Subject: Re: fuzzy finite automata and fuzzy unification
Date: 22 Jan 93 13:48:12 GMT
Organization: University of Pittsburgh


Yes, there is material out the re   on fuzzy FSMs. Check 
"Mathematical Methods for Artificial Intelligence and
Autonomous Systems", by E. Dougherty and C. Giardina, published by
Prentice Hall.  That text goes into fuzzy, lattice, and stochastic
automata, among other things.
From: tsaoj@cs.tamu.edu (Jungfu Tsao)
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
Subject: Tuning in Fuzzy Control
Date: 29 Jan 1993 04:37:39 GMT
Organization: Computer Science Department, Texas A&M University
Distribution: world
NNTP-Posting-Host: sparc51.cs.tamu.edu

I suppose tuning in fuzzy control is an interesting problem and, correct me
if I'm wrong, generally dealt with in adaptive fuzzy control area. To my
understanding, usually tuning in fuzzy control was approached in two ways.
One way is to adjust the membership functions used in the controller. The
other is to modify rules of the knowledge-base in a fuzzy controller. 
I'm wondering what the state-of-the-art is in this area and if anybody can give 
some good references.

Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
From: lawler@aio.jsc.nasa.gov (Dennis Lawler)
Subject: Re: Simulator for fuzzy logic
Organization: NASA Johnson Space Center
Date: Sun, 24 Jan 1993 03:38:18 GMT

In article <1993Jan22.223440.22340@engr.uark.edu> jdp@engr.uark.edu (Dalton Porter) writes:
>vivian@til.til.com (Vivian Tsou) writes:
>
>>In article <1993Jan19.075547.6654@hellgate.utah.edu>, hutching%elan.cs.utah.edu@cs.utah.edu (Brad Hutchings) writes:
>>|> Hi,
>>|> 
>>|> Is there public domain (or cheap) fuzzy logic simulator software around?
>>|> I am looking for something that would allow students to simulate
>>|> a fuzzy logic controller. Nothing fancy...

On this note, has anyone heard of, or used, a system out of Scotland
called Fusim?  It's supposed to do some fuzzy modeling but I've never seen
much discussion about it.

later.......................Dennis
Newsgroups: comp.ai.fuzzy
From: zlsiida@fs1.mcc.ac.uk (dave budd)
Newsgroups: comp.ai,rec.arts.books,misc.writing,rec.arts.int-fiction
Subject: Re: Computer writes a book?
Date: 27 Jan 93 15:59:59 GMT
Organization: Manchester Computing Centre

In article <jakobs.728043779@utrurt> jakobs@utrurt.uni-trier.de (Oliver Jakobs) writes:

>In <74AXBPTT@cc.swarthmore.edu> behrens@cc.swarthmore.edu (Eric Behrens) writes:

>>But music has only a dozen words in its vocabulary (notes of the scale) and
>>the English language has tens of thousands.  I cannot believe that computer
>>science is capable of replicating the intricate constructions of language.

>I'd say the analogy is not of the right order. I've heard that scales are
>more like phonemes or letters, and that there are groups or patterns of
>scales which could be regarded as ``words of music''. There has been done
>some work trying to apply linguistic knowledge to musical ``texts''. I don't
>remember the scientist's name, but I could look up some references if someone
>was interested.

>Oliver

I'd also say that a musical note is more akin to a letter or phoneme, and to 
continue the analogy, a chord would be a word, one or two bars would be a 
phrase, and a few bars would be a sentence.  Then you go on to paragraphs, 
which would be like a verse in a song, and chapters, like one movement of a 
symphony, etc etc etc
And of course there's intonation/instrumentation to cope with
    Actually, Occam wore a beard: philosophers kept borrowing his razor
    Dave Budd, MCC, Oxford Rd, Manchester, England    (44|0)61-275-6033
From: connerj@cnsvax.uwec.edu
Newsgroups: comp.ai
Subject: Looking for rule-based integ. program?
Date: 25 Jan 93 16:21:31 -0600
Organization: University of Wisconsin Eau Claire


	Hello!

	We are working on a project involving symbolic integration using a
rule-based approach.  Rather than write such a program, we were hoping to 
find some sort of existing software.  Either public domain or relatively low-
cost commercial software would be considered, as long as we can also find
source code and a manual for the program.  If there is anyone out there who 
has knowledge of such software, please contact me at:

				connerjm@csunix.cs.uwec.edu

					Thank you very much,

					Joshua M. Conner
					University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire
					Department of Computer Science
Newsgroups: comp.ai