HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: lilianstrom@krang.fnal.gov (If its too loud,  You're too old)
Newsgroups: comp.os.vms
Subject: Re: LAT-speaking interface card for HP laser
Date: 16 Dec 1992 13:55:20 GMT
Organization: Fermilab Computing Division, Special Projects Group
Reply-To: lilianstrom@fndcd.fnal.gov
NNTP-Posting-Host: krang.fnal.gov

In article <15DEC199213591965@rdth2>, pbricker@rdth2 (Preston Bricker) writes:
>In article <921214164930.21c001cf@LUDWIG.CTD.ORNL.GOV>, LPZ@LUDWIG.CTD.ORNL.GOV ("Lawrence MacIntyre - 615.576.0824") writes...
>>>I am looking for an ethernet interface card that speaks LAT,for the
>>>HP Laserjet II and the new Laserjet 4. Can anyone point me in the
>>>right direction?  Recommendations, experiences, etc.
>> 
>>At DEXPO, there was a company called Gold Key Electronics that had their Gold
>>Card Si which will plug into a HP Laserjet IIISi, DesignJet Plotter, PaintJet
>>XL300, or the LaserJet 4.  It supports LAT and emulates LN03+ as well
>>(optional).  This option senses LN03, PoasScript, ASCII, HP PCL, and HP-GL/2
>>and sets the printer accordingly.  The normal card is $895 and the one with the
>>extra features is $1295.  They can be reached at:
>> 
>>Gold Key Electronics, Inc.
>>18 Lamy Drive
>>Goffstown, NH  03045                   1-800-325-0150
>> 
>>Note that I only saw this at DEXPO, I have never used one, and have never
>>talked to anyone who has...
>> 
>>                                  Lawrence
>>                                      ~
>>-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> 
>>Internet: MACINTYRELP@ORNL.GOV    US-Snail: Lawrence MacIntyre
>>          LPZ@ORNL.GOV                AT&T: 615.576.0824
>> 
>The latest DEC Professional has an ad from 
>
>XCd Inc
>2172 Dupont Dr., Ste. 204
>Irvine, CA 92714
>(714) 476-7855
>(714) 752-0609 FAX

The Gold Key interface and the XCd are the same board.  Gold Key is reselling
the XCd card. Gold Key and XCd are also working together to improve the card.

			al

Al Lilianstrom
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Batavia, Illinois
lilianstrom@fndcd.fnal.gov

My opinion.  Not the DOE's, URA's, or anyone else at Fermilab
Newsgroups: comp.os.vms
From: mako@uihepa.hep.uiuc.edu ("Makoto Shimojima, Univ of Tsukuba/CDF")
Subject: Re: DCL program needed
Reply-To: mako@uihepa.hep.uiuc.edu
Organization: High Energy Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 1992 20:55:59 GMT

> >	DCL is distributed with the VMS operating system.  If the archive 
> >that you received includes mail headers at the beginning, they must be 
> >removed.
>
> My favorite yet somewhat dangerous way of unpacking it without removing mail
> headers:
> 
> 	$ SPAWN/NOWAIT/NOTIFY/INPUT=shar_file  SET NOON

I usually add the following line at the very beginning:

	$ TYPE SYS$INPUT

You can then save the mail header as well as any messages the original
author has written for you. In fact, it will remind you of these messages
every time you try to unpack it.
							mako
Newsgroups: comp.os.vms
From: dwight@geohub.gcn.uoknor.edu (Dwight D. Moore)
Subject: Re: Sysop checking mail
Originator: usenet@kittyhawk.ecn.uoknor.edu
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 1992 16:00:42 GMT
Reply-To: dwight@geohub.gcn.uoknor.edu
Organization: Geosciences Computing Network, Univ. of Oklahoma

In article <BzCA4I.903@bcstec.ca.boeing.com>, silverm@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Jeff Silverman) writes:
|>Newsgroups: comp.os.vms
|>Path:
|>constellation!mimbres.cs.unm.edu!ncar!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!ames!haven.umd.edu!uunet!bcstec!silverm
|>From: silverm@bcstec.ca.boeing.com (Jeff Silverman)
|>Subject: Re: Sysop checking mail
|>Message-ID: <BzCA4I.903@bcstec.ca.boeing.com>
|>Organization: Boeing Computer Services
|>References: <1992Dec12.002018.20761@mnemosyne.cs.du.edu>
|>Date: Wed, 16 Dec 1992 06:31:30 GMT
|>Lines: 25
|>
|>ctanski@nyx.cs.du.edu (Chris Tanski) writes:
|>>Can somebody tell me when it's legal and when it's illegal for a sysop to
|>>check another user's mail? Thanks and please reply directly to
|>>ctanski@nyx.cs.du.edu.
|>>Chris Tanski
|>
|>Chris and everybody else:
|>
|>	You should consider electronic mail to be an "open channel".  Therefore,
|>you should take steps to ensure that any electronic mail messages is
|>1) encrypted and 2) authenticated.  Encryption ensures that the message can
|>only be read by the recipient.  Authentication ensures that the message can
|>only be generated by the author.
|>	Legal/illegal is irrelevant.  The sysops of the various machines
|>have a "legal" right to examine any information contained on that machine.
|>All of the privileges and protection systems are set up to enforce policies
|>concerning who has access to data.  Since the system manager may bypass those
|>protection mechanisms, any data access policy must assume that the system
|>manager, by virtue of his/her job, is authorized access.  Further, the
|>assumption is that management is watching the watchers watching the data, to
|>prevent abuse.
|>	Bottom line: get PGP (Pretty Good Privacy)
|>
|>			Jeff Silverman, Boeing.
|>
|>
I believe therer is a 1986 (?) Law that addresses the privacy of electronic
mail. It is illegal for a system manager, or anyone else for that matter, to
read another person's mail. Mail,  e-mail included, is considered private
property, even if you do manage the  system. I  have misplaced the
reference, maybe someone else has it handy?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dwight D. Moore
Geosciences Computing Network
University of Oklahoma

dwight@geohub.gcn.uoknor.edu (129.15.40.10)
These opinions do not necessarily represent the opinions of OU or the GCN.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: gavinl1@jaguar.uofs.edu (Lori Gavin)
Newsgroups: comp.os.vms
Subject: How to prevent login.com from running.
Date: 15 Dec 92 14:58:31 GMT
Reply-To: gavinl1@jaguar.uofs.edu
Organization: University of Scranton



I was wondering if there is any way to globally not run any users's login.coms.

We have an command running from rshell and we do not want the user's login.com
to run for this command.  I realize the users can put in a check for non-
interactive processes, but that is not the preferred method.  I would like 
something more automated that I can control.

Thanks for any help...

          Lori

--
                                              UUUUUU         UUUUUU
 ----------------------------------            UUUU           UUUU
|  Lori Gavin                      |           UUUU       SSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
|  VAX System Manager              |           UUUU      SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
|  University of Scranton          |           UUUU      SSSS UUUU     SSSS
|                                  |           UUUU      SSSS UUUU
|  BITNET: GAVINL1@SCRANTON.BITNET |           UUUU      SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
|INTERNET: GAVINL1@JAGUAR.UOFS.EDU |           UUUUUUUUUUUSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
|   Phone: (717)941-6133           |            UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU      SSSS
 ----------------------------------                      SSSS          SSSS
                                                         SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
                                                          SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
From: nllopis@ecs.umass.edu
Newsgroups: comp.os.vms
Subject: Re: anonymous mail?!?
Date: 14 Dec 92 21:49:06 GMT

In article <10DEC199211260332@jhuvms.hcf.jhu.edu>, ecf_stbo@jhuvms.hcf.jhu.edu (The intricate progressive rock of Hatfield and the North) writes:
> In article <19278.2b261384@ecs.umass.edu>, cail@ecs.umass.edu (Brian J. Cail, University of Massachusetts) writes...
>>Does anyone know how to send anonymous VMS Mail messages?  I don't have
>>SYS privileges nor OPERATOR privileges.
> 
> 
> No none of us know. Sorry.
Yes, some of us. Don't be sorry |)

> 
> 
> Tom O'Toole - ecf_stbo@jhuvms.hcf.jhu.edu - JHUVMS system programmer 
> Homewood Computing Facilities, Johns Hopkins University, Balto. Md. 21218 
>>Here comes a jet ski.
>>weuh weeuhh weeuhh weeuhh WEEUHH WEEUHH WEEUHH WEEUHH weeuhh weeuhh weeuhh weuh
Newsgroups: comp.os.vms
From: glippert@dale.cts.com (George Lippert)
Subject: Sparcstation to DECWindows s/w query
Organization: Titan Linkabit Corporation
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.1 PL6]
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 1992 21:37:44 GMT


Does anyone know the whereabouts and availability of any SunOS software (free
or shareware) to provide a Sparcstation X server <-> DECWindow client
interface.?  Preferably for OpenWindows X11/NEWS?

Also, is DECNET the only supported interface for this arrangement or can TCP/IP
be used?

Any information would be greatly appreciated.

--
George A. Lippert           work:          glippert@dale.cts.com
Titan Satellite Systems     home: zucchini!glippert@dale.cts.com (NeXTmail ok)
San Diego, CA                                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Newsgroups: comp.os.misc
From: plek@admiral.uucp (peter eriksson)
Subject: I need some info about MG-1
Reply-To: plek@admiral.uucp (peter eriksson)
Organization: The Grid/Waffle BBS, 203-661-2873, -1279, -0450, -2967
Date: Sun, 13 Dec 1992 18:11:35 GMT

Hello !

For sometime ago a friend of my bought a MG-1 computer, and it
is a unix computer back in 1985. As he bought it very cheap
to play around with. So the question is if there are any that
uses that computer (it made in U.K - by WCM). Some people
to get in toutch with. It run a 4.1bsd unix, caled GENIXand
it has a window based system named Oricel (I think)

please email me so i can send him the information.

P.ericsson

--
plek%admiral.uucp@yale.edu (peter eriksson) <yale!admiral!plek>
The Admiral's Public UNIX - Greenwich, CT - System Administrator: Doug Fields
(HST/V32) (203)661-2873 -- (PEP/V32) -1279 -- (V32) -0450 -- (V29/MNP6) -2967
>FREE!< Unix shell accounts, Usenet access, and Internet-style mail available
From: davef@cs.ubc.ca (David Finkelstein)
Newsgroups: comp.os.misc
Subject: Re: Help needed on 16-bit ASCII!
Date: 16 Dec 92 19:33:55 GMT
Organization: Computer Science, University of B.C., Vancouver, B.C., Canada
NNTP-Posting-Host: cobra.cs.ubc.ca

In article <1gnp72INNet6@darkstar.UCSC.EDU> Martin Vorbeck <vorbeck@ira.uka.de> writes:
>Hi!
>
>Some time ago I heard that some new operating system (for PC?)
>will be using a 16bit ASCII-like representation.
>This way it will be possible to represent 65535 symbols,
>i.e. nearly all characters used throughout the world.
>

What you're asking about sounds like Unicode.  The Unicode standard
was developed by the Unicode Consortium (now Unicode, Inc., a
non-profit organization with open membership), which was comprised of
people from a number of companies and universities too numerous to
list.

Unicode is a character encoding standard, and is not an operating
system.

If you're interested in the encoding tables, check out _The Unicode
Standard: Worldwide Character Encoding, Version 1.0_ published by
Addison-Wesley and written by the Unicode Consortium.  Volume One
(ISBN 0-201-56788-1) provides some intro material and code charts for
all non-ideographic characters.  Volume Two contains the code charts
and cross-tabulations for the East Asian (Han) ideographic characters.

--- Dave
-- 
---------------------------------------------------------------------
David Finkelstein               |"Nothing comes out of the faucet
University of British Columbia  | but strawberry jelly.  I guess 
davef@cs.ubc.ca                 | that's how rich millionaires live."
Newsgroups: comp.os.misc
From: jasonp@bungie.prime.com (Jason Pascucci)
Subject: Re: PRIMOS (was Re: Help: PRIMEOS)
Organization: Prime Computer R&D
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 1992 02:48:38 GMT

The correct name, if I, as I suspect, we are talking about the same thing, 
is 'PRIMOS', which indeed does stand for the Prime OS. 

In article <3299@bsu-cs.bsu.edu>, vivek@bsu-cs.bsu.edu (Vivek Sawant | IND) writes:
|> 
|>  I need some (or any?) information about PRIMEOS.
|> 
|>  * Has anyone of you used it? 

Do I count? I _like_ PRIMOS! (Chorus: No! No! Say it's not SO!)
I like PRIMOS better than Un*x! (Chorus: Blasphemy! Blasphemy!)
I wish PRIMOS had a few things that Unix does, and more realistically,
that Unix has a few things that PRIMOS does.

|>  * On which platforms is it available?

It is available on the 50 Series. Some of the functionality of PRIMOS,
as well as some of the interface, is, possibly, being ported off-platform
by a team of crack PRIME engineers (as we speak).  (Read: This isn't a product
annoucement, because I'm not announcing what's allegedly getting ported, 
in fact I'm not saying we are doing anything at all, Nope, Nope.)

Also, Prime Information (PI/OPEN) has been ported offplatform, and
is (Info/Basic) binary compatible with PI on the 50 Series. 

|>  * How commonly is it used?

It is the only OS which runs natively on the Prime 50 Series architecture. 
The largest install base runs PI, which is a PICK-based environment. 
We have a fair number of Oracle users, and our ISAM product, MIDASPLUS,
has a large following. It also has a very good implementation of
X.25, Sync and Async, and file protection (ACL's), and a kind
of nice script language (CPL), among other things.

|>  * In what kind of environments it is more common? (eg data processing etc)

Hum...good question. I've seen a large number of things, but
DP, Finance, and CAD Servers have a large population. 

|>  * Is it still actively used or gradually disappearing or already
|>     disappeared?

Actively used for everybody running the 50 Series hardware, which
is still a fair number of people, but declining gradually. As I mentioned,
Primos (and some of the products which run on top of it) has some 
very good features, which we are attempting to take to
so-called 'Open Systems'. 

|>   The responses to my email address will be highly appreciated.

You really should try to read the group you post to...however, I'll forward 
my comments to you via email....

|> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
|>                            VIVEK SAWANT                   
|> Department of Computer Science.           Inet : vivek@bsu-cs.bsu.edu 
|> Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306.  Bitnet : 00VMSAWANT@BSUVAX1.BITNET
|> --------------------------------------------------------------------------

--
Jason R. Pascucci
Software Engineer, PRIMOS Integrity, Conversion/Migration Consultant.
OSS, CVServices, ComputerVision

Disclaimer: I'm an Engineer, not a Marketeer, nor a Muskateer,
nor a Reindeer. My views may not represent CV Policy. 

ObEsotericPrimeJoke: What does the 1 in PR1ME stand for?
                     It's the Sign Bit of the B register!
From: ninja@willard.UUCP
Newsgroups: comp.os.misc
Subject: Tape Drives....
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 92 18:52:02 EST
Organization: Willard's House BBS, Atlanta, GA -- +1 (404) 664 8814

 
  I'm looking for information on tape drives in terms of standards
and device drivers for various systems ????
 

-- 
ninja@willard.UUCP (Sonic Druid)
gatech!vdbsan!willard!ninja
emory!uumind!willard!ninja
Willard's House BBS, Atlanta, GA -- +1 (404) 664 8814
From: ninja@willard.UUCP
Newsgroups: comp.os.misc
Subject: tape cartridges.....
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 92 04:25:22 EST
Organization: Willard's House BBS, Atlanta, GA -- +1 (404) 664 8814

 
   anyone have any information on cross-references for tape
cartridges which are used in tape drive units....
 10 - 20 - 40 meg, tape cartridges, etc.......
 

-- 
ninja@willard.UUCP (Sonic Druid)
gatech!vdbsan!willard!ninja
emory!uumind!willard!ninja
Willard's House BBS, Atlanta, GA -- +1 (404) 664 8814
From: yockneyj@p4.cs.man.ac.uk (Adventure Baby)
Newsgroups: comp.os.misc
Subject: QUERY
Keywords: QL,THOR,QDOS,SMS2,ARGOS
Date: 16 Dec 92 16:51:22 GMT
Distribution: comp
Organization: Dept Computer Science, University of Manchester, U.K.

Dumb question but...
did someone tell me this was
the section for devotees of such things
as the BEAUTIFUL "SMS-2" operating system

Also,
1/how many instructions do different operating systems
take to set up multitasking jobs ("processes" in UNIX)
 2/i dont know why i put a 1 in front of that question.Sorry.
From: surendar@elm (Surendar C.)
Newsgroups: comp.os.misc
Subject: Help needed in accessing kernel structures
Date: 11 Dec 1992 21:51:57 GMT
Organization: Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester MA 01609, USA.
Reply-To: surendar@wpi.wpi.edu
NNTP-Posting-Host: elm.wpi.edu
X-Newsreader: TIN [version 1.1 PL8]

[ Article crossposted from comp.sys.sun.misc ]
[ Author was Surendar C. ]
[ Posted on 11 Dec 1992 21:45:02 GMT ]

Hi,
 I am not sure if this is the correct forum to ask this? But, I need some help
 in accessing kernel structures total (struct vmtotal) and cnt, rate, and sum
 (struct vmmeter). They seem to have the t_avm and t_vm fields always 0 for 
 our setup whereas in a ULTRIX machine I have valid numbers. 
 Can you tell me if I need to do something to get this info. Also, is there 
 a way I can find out about the kernel structures that maintain status 
 information, some form of ftp'able document or something??

 Thanks a lot in advance
 surendar
From: vivek@bsu-cs.bsu.edu (Vivek Sawant | IND)
Newsgroups: comp.os.misc
Subject: Help: PRIMEOS
Date: 13 Dec 92 04:03:18 GMT
Organization: CS Dept, Ball St U, Muncie, Indiana


 I need some (or any?) information about PRIMEOS.

 * Has anyone of you used it? 
 * On which platforms is it available?
 * How commonly is it used?
 * In what kind of environments it is more common? (eg data processing etc)
 * Is it still actively used or gradually disappearing or already
    disappeared?

  The responses to my email address will be highly appreciated.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           VIVEK SAWANT                   
Department of Computer Science.           Inet : vivek@bsu-cs.bsu.edu 
Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306.  Bitnet : 00VMSAWANT@BSUVAX1.BITNET
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: gupta@crhc.uiuc.edu (Aloke Gupta)
Newsgroups: comp.os.misc
Subject: "Protocol-level" profiling of client-server interaction
Date: 11 Dec 92 19:11:34
Organization: University of Illinois Center for Reliable & High Performance
	Computing
Distribution: comp
NNTP-Posting-Host: buctril.crhc.uiuc.edu


 
   In my graduate work I have proposed an approach called "Protocol-level
   Profiling" (PLP) for characterizing client-server interaction. The basic
   idea behind PLP is to checkpoint the interaction between the client and the
   server and then estimate the computation invoked on the server by carefully
   assigning a cost to each of the messages on the basis of its attributes.

   I have written a profiler, Xprof, which is a protocol-level profiler
   for X Window applications. It is available by anonymous ftp from
   roundup.crhc.uiuc.edu (128.174.197.134)
   under pub/Xprof.

   Question:
  ---------
   I am curious to know if such a strategy has been used to characterize any
   other client-server system.  Any pointers?

   I will summarize and post all such responses.

   Thank you in advance

   Aloke Gupta
--
Aloke Gupta                                         E-mail: gupta@crhc.uiuc.edu
Coordinated Science Laboratory                           or a-gupta@uiuc.edu
Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering
Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Newsgroups: comp.os.misc
From: khattra@cs.sfu.ca (Taj Khattra)
Subject: Re: Help needed on 16-bit ASCII!
Organization: CSS, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 1992 22:00:59 GMT

In article <1go0b3INNr00@cobra.cs.ubc.ca> davef@cs.ubc.ca (David Finkelstein) writes:
>In article <1gnp72INNet6@darkstar.UCSC.EDU> Martin Vorbeck <vorbeck@ira.uka.de> writes:
>>Hi!
>>
>>Some time ago I heard that some new operating system (for PC?)
>>will be using a 16bit ASCII-like representation.
>>This way it will be possible to represent 65535 symbols,
>>i.e. nearly all characters used throughout the world.
>>
>
>What you're asking about sounds like Unicode.  The Unicode standard
>was developed by the Unicode Consortium (now Unicode, Inc., a
>non-profit organization with open membership), which was comprised of
>people from a number of companies and universities too numerous to
>list.
>
>Unicode is a character encoding standard, and is not an operating
>system.
>
>If you're interested in the encoding tables, check out _The Unicode
>Standard: Worldwide Character Encoding, Version 1.0_ published by
>Addison-Wesley and written by the Unicode Consortium.  Volume One
>(ISBN 0-201-56788-1) provides some intro material and code charts for
>all non-ideographic characters.  Volume Two contains the code charts
>and cross-tabulations for the East Asian (Han) ideographic characters.
>
>--- Dave
>-- 
>---------------------------------------------------------------------
>David Finkelstein               |"Nothing comes out of the faucet
>University of British Columbia  | but strawberry jelly.  I guess 
>davef@cs.ubc.ca                 | that's how rich millionaires live."


Plan 9, the new operating system from Bell Labs, uses a 16-bit
character set (I believe they used to use a variant of Unicode, but now
have designed their own standard). There is a draft paper in the
Plan 9 manuals set on research.att.com in /dist/plan9man/09utf.ps.Z.
They will be publishing a revised paper on this in the January 1993
Usenix Proceedings.

Unfortunately, Plan 9 is only available to interested faculty members. :^(
I wish there were some at SFU.

--
Taj Khattra
khattra@cs.sfu.ca
From: nemossan@uitec.ac.jp (Sakurao NEMOTO)
Newsgroups: comp.os.minix
Subject: Re: more FDC_MAX_RETRY (was HELP, .. on Gateway 2000 486/33)
Summary: Use TURBO-SW to decrease CPU-clock while instalation
Keywords: FDD-trouble, 486-machines, TURBO-SW
Date: 21 Dec 92 04:22:07 GMT
Organization: Univ. Industrial Tech., Sagamihara, JAPAN

In article <1609@uitecgw.uitec.ac.jp> I have written
: In article <168C1E448.SESPC395@ysub.ysu.edu> SESPC395@ysub.ysu.edu (Max) writes:
	|
: I thought waiting-time is too short for 486-machines, thus increased the
: contents of MAX_FDC_RETRY upto 1000, then all the works can be done suc-
: cesfully.
: After that, I asked my net-friends in case of Linux and 386bsd, the former
: uses 10000, and the latter 100000 for the waiting count.  So, I think
: "100" is too small in case of 486-machines.


One more suggestion!
    If waiting-time is the problem, try TURBO-SW to decrease
system-clock, this is from a friend of mine, and I've not
tried yet.

	(Mon) Dec 21 13:20 JST(+0900) 1992  nemossan@uitec.ac.jp
	(NEMOTO Sakurao, Univ.Indust.Tech. Sagamihara 229 JAPAN)
	 (Tel: +81 427 63 9136 >DIALin<   Fax: +81 427 63 9011)
From: Helge Olsen <di1helol@caligula.his.se>
Subject: Re:  cmsg cancel <BzDxIu.HJ7@ucunix.san.uc.edu>
Originator: mmdf@louie.udel.edu
Organization: University of Delaware
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 1992 16:28:09 GMT

What is this?? Can the original sender possibly fix it???
-- 
Mail System (MMDF)
From: anapaula%ICMSC.USP.BR@uicvm.uic.edu
Newsgroups: comp.os.minix
Subject: unsubscribe
Date: 16 Dec 92 18:46:59 GMT
Organization: University of Delaware
Originator: mmdf@louie.udel.edu

Please unsubscribe me.

Thanks,

Ana Paula Rossato.
-- 
Mail System (MMDF)