HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: tidedu@lims01.lerc.nasa.gov (WILLIAM DEDULA)
Subject: Wisconsin Space Station Simulator ???
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41    
Organization: NASA Lewis Research Center
Distribution: usa
Date: 22 Aug 1992 09:19 EST  

Hello All;
I have just returned from a vacation at the Wisconsin Dells in Wisconsin. 
While there, I have encountered i]something very interesting which has 
turned into quite a mystery. I thought I'd mention it to everyone on the 
net to see if anyone can help me solve this mystery. 

First Some background, though. I am a NASA Electronics Engineering 
Technician based at the Lewis Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio. In my 
spare time, I enjoy helping Students, and Educators to discover the wonders 
of our Space Program, and to initiate Space Science Learning Projects (
Particularly Space Shuttle and Space Station Simulations) at their schools. 
Now, you'll know why the following event has caught my interest and 
curiosity. 

While I was walking into a Wisconsin Dells restaurant, I noticed a kid (
High School Aged) wearing a T-Shirt which read (On the Front) ... 

     VIKING-I
   Space Station
     Simulator
       1990

When I asked the student what that meant, he wasn't sure since he said, he 
borrowed the shirt from a friend. He did think, though that it was a 
amusement ride or attraction nearby. I called everyone I could think of in 
the area who may be connected with a ride, or simulation of this nature but 
no one knew anything about it. 

My next thought was that this simulation could have been performed at a 
local school but am puzzled why I didn't see (or notice) the name of the 
school on the shirt. I believe that this person is a local resident rather 
than a vacationer since he made reference to a ride or attraction in the 
area. 

I know it's a long shot, but does anyone have any idea about where this 
simulation took place (In 1990) ??? 

Also ... I'd be interested in learning about anyone else (Students or 
Educators) who are performing either Space Shuttle, or Space Station 
Simulations at their school or within their community ???

Thanks Much !!!

Tim Dedula
NASA Lewis Research Center
Mail Stop 77-3
21000 Brookpark Road
Cleveland, Ohio 44135

(216) 433-3668
{
From: hollis@titan.ksc.nasa.gov
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
Subject: Electric propulsion
Date: 18 Aug 92 17:25:36 GMT
Organization: NASA, Kennedy Space Center

Greetings and Salutations:

>From: Nir.Oren@f54.n7101.z5.fidonet.org (Nir Oren)
>How would one create thrust in space using an electric motor 
>(without firing electrons backwards etc...) ?

A good book for good discussion of rockets is "ROCKET PROPULSION ELEMENTS : An
introduction to the engineering of rockets"  Sixth edition, George P. Sutton. 
Be sure to pick up the sixth edition (1992) because he put different types of
oddball propulsion back in that he took out in the fifth edition.

To produce thrust, you have to fire something backwards (exhaust), or use the
forward momentum of SOMETHING to move (solar sail, etc.).  TANSTAAFL - There
Ain't No Such Thing As A Free Lunch.

There are three fundamental types of electric propulsion.

Electrothermal - Propellant is heated electrically and is thermodynamically
expanded and the heated gas is accelerated to supersonic speeds through the
nozzle as in a chemical rocket.  Typical propellants H2, Ns, N2H4.

Electrostatic - Acceleration is achieved by the interaction of electrostatic
fields on charged propellant particles, such as ions and charged colloids. 
Typical propellants are Xenon, cesium or mercury.

Electromagnetic - Acceleration is achieved by the interaction of electric and
magnetic fields on highly ionized plasma.  A plasma is a high temperature
electrically neutral gas containing electrons, ions and neutral species. 
Propellant is not really applicable because of temperatures of 5600 K or 10,000
R allow anything to be used, however Teflon was used as the solid propellant
ablated off in the LES-6 pulsed plasma thruster.

-- 
-----------------------------------------------
Ken Hollis  INTERNET: HOLLIS@TITAN.KSC.NASA.GOV
            SPAN/HEPnet: KSCP00::HOLLIS
From: kjenks@gothamcity.jsc.nasa.gov
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
Subject: Re: What's the date on the moon? really.
Keywords: words
Date: 19 Aug 1992 02:33:25 GMT
Organization: NASA/JSC/GM2, Space Shuttle Program Office
Originator: kjenks@krakatoa

Someone, whose name was lost in a flurry of ">>>" marks, said:
> >> The very first word spoken from the lunar surface was in fact "Houston"!

Then, it looked like it was lynnh@tekig7.PEN.TEK.COM (Lynn C Hurd) who said:
> >Shouldn't the first words from the surface of the moon have been
> >"Contact light on...engine to off.......Houston,....etc.?

In Buzz Aldrin's book, "Men From Earth," he said:
     Aldrin: "Contact light.  Okay, engine stop.  ACA out of detent."
     Armstrong: "Got it."
     Aldrin: "Mode controls, both auto.  Descent engine command override,
       off.  Engine arm off...."
     CAPCOM: "We copy you down, Eagle."
     Armstrong: "Houston, Tranquility Base here.  The Eagle has landed."

Which sounds like a dandy .sig.  You may see it here for a while.
Armstrong was the Commander, Aldrin was the Pilot.  Collins was the
"CMP" (command module pilot) in Columbia, which was on the far side of
its orbit at 3:18 PM, Houston time, on July 20, 1969 (from Collins'
book, "Carrying the Fire").

As much as I may like this place, "Houston" was NOT the first word
from the moon.

-- Ken Jenks, NASA/JSC/GM2, Space Shuttle Program Office
      kjenks@gothamcity.jsc.nasa.gov  (713) 483-4368

     "...back to the moon, back to the future,
      and, this time, back to stay." -- George Bush
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
From: kwp@wag.caltech.edu (Kevin W. Plaxco)
Subject: Re: communication question (LOS)
Organization: California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
Distribution: na
Date: Mon, 17 Aug 1992 19:24:40 GMT

In article <1992Aug15.202015.15166@leland.Stanford.EDU> mmm@leland.Stanford.EDU (michael murray) writes:

>If there are three TDRSS satelites orbiting the earth, why does shuttle 
>communication experience a loss of signal?

The two active TDRSS birds are slightly > 180 degrees apart, so that
one ground station (at White sands New Mexico) can recieve from both.
Saves a bit of money.




-- 


-Kevin
From: chris@valley.jpl.nasa.gov (Christopher Demke - FSE Sun SFValley - 818-905-0200)
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
Subject: Re: A new orbiter? (dont think so--was Re: National Space Plane)
Date: 19 Aug 92 18:45:10 GMT
Organization: Sun Microsystems, Mt. View, Ca.
NNTP-Posting-Host: valley.west.sun.com

ena.mit.edu> cid@athena.mit.edu (Derek H Cedillo) writes:
>It was my understanding that the X-30 was only to be in orbit for short periods
>of time, and this was only to escape the friction of the atmosphere to aid
>in achieving its speed.  From what I heard, it is meant to travel at
>high altituteds, and when plausible, reach a low (very low) orbit. Then
>it comes back to earth, and finishes the flight.


  Isn't this the concept for the High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT)??


			Chris Demke
			Sun Microsystems
From: lynnh@tekig7.PEN.TEK.COM (Lynn C Hurd)
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
Subject: Re: What's the date on the moon? really.
Summary: first words from the moon...
Date: 13 Aug 92 19:32:24 GMT
Organization: Tektronix Inc., Beaverton, Or.


> The very first word spoken from the lunar surface was in fact "Houston"!
> It makes sense that the time on the moon is connected with Houston and this was
> a REAL answer.

Shouldn't the first words from the surface of the moon have been
"Contact light on...engine to off.......Houston,....etc.?
(just wondering when it actually touched down, but "contact light on"
should be enough of a clue.)
Lynn Hurd
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
From: mmm@leland.Stanford.EDU (michael murray)
Subject: communication question (LOS)
Organization: DSG, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
Distribution: na
Date: Sat, 15 Aug 92 20:20:15 GMT


If there are three TDRSS satelites orbiting the earth, why does shuttle 
communication experience a loss of signal?

It seems to me that with three satelites, there could be constant coverage of
shuttle communication.  Therefore it leads me to believe that NASA designed
the system to include an LOS region.  WHY?

mike murray
murray@nova.staford.edu
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
From: henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer)
Subject: Re: National Space Plane
Date: Fri, 14 Aug 1992 20:38:35 GMT
Organization: U of Toronto Zoology

In article <1992Aug14.021411.10148@nntp.uoregon.edu> ggiles@cie.uoregon.edu (Gregg Giles) writes:
>   Assuming all goes well, the National Space Plane (NSP) should replace the
>current shuttles (Columbia class). How is the progress of these craft coming
>along? ...

In a word, it's not.  Even the X-30 -- which is planned to be strictly a
research aircraft, not a replacement for anything -- is stuck in "technology
development" stage because Congress so far is unwilling to fund building
a flying prototype.  Given the lack of immediate military requirements
and NASA's low level of interest (they'd like it, yes, but they're not
making it a high priority), the price tag of the X-30 is simply too high.
I expect continued work on the technology and very little progress toward
actually flying anything.
-- 
There is nothing wrong with making      | Henry Spencer @ U of Toronto Zoology
mistakes, but... make *new* ones. -D.Sim|  henry@zoo.toronto.edu  utzoo!henry
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
From: barkman@gamma.is.tcu.edu (MYLES BARKMAN - KG5AI TX A&M U)
Subject: Re: LOS
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41    
Organization: Texas Christian University
Date: Sun, 16 Aug 1992 05:55:00 GMT

I've often thought the same thing.  They could have easily positioned the
TDRSs so provide complete coverage (IMHO).  There is a lot of overlap
between the TDRSs.  Wassup????
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Myles Barkman                                                Fort Worth TX
KG5AI
BARKMAN@TCUCVMS                If an upside-down 'e' is a schwa,
BARKMAN@GAMMA.IS.TCU.EDU       what is an upside-down 'o' called?
CCVAX3::BARKMAN
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
From: rbw3q@helga9.acc.Virginia.EDU (Robert B. Whitehurst)
Subject: Re: National Space Plane
Organization: University of Virginia
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 1992 13:48:03 GMT

In article <l9025rINN1a2@west.west.sun.com> chris@valley.jpl.nasa.gov (Christopher Demke - FSE Sun SFValley - 818-905-0200) writes:
>In article <BszqoD.E6o@zoo.toronto.edu> henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes:
>>In article <1992Aug14.021411.10148@nntp.uoregon.edu> ggiles@cie.uoregon.edu (Gregg Giles) writes:
>>>   Assuming all goes well, the National Space Plane (NSP) should replace the
>>>current shuttles (Columbia class). How is the progress of these craft coming
>>>along? ...
>>
>>In a word, it's not.  Even the X-30 -- which is planned to be strictly a
>>research aircraft, not a replacement for anything -- is stuck in "technology
>>development" stage because Congress so far is unwilling to fund building
>
>
>  What is the expected payload capacity of the X-30 (if it ever gets
>built)?  I was under the impression that it is far less than a Space
>Shuttle.  I think our best bet is with the DC-X, DC-Y, etc.  Hopefully
>McDonnell/Douglas can keep their head above water long enough to finish
>the project...
>
>			Chris Demke

	As Henry mentioned, the X-30 is intended as a research craft,
very much in the spirit of the X-15.  As such, it is pushing more
technological frontiers than you can shake a stick at.  Payload is not
a major concern, aside from sufficient capacity to carry crew and
instrumentation.  It currently is not envisioned to attempt orbital
ops (best of my small knowledge) for quite some time.  There's this
little detail called hypersonic flight to deal with first!  If X-30
goes ahead, I will be very encouraged, as it is a long term
committment to R&D in aerospace flight that has been sorely missing
for too long in the manned space effort.  

-- 

Brad Whitehurst    |   Aerospace Research Lab
rbw3q@Virginia.EDU |   We like it hot...and fast.
From: pstinson@pbs.org
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
Subject: Armstrong set foot on moon at 10:56PM
Date: 18 Aug 92 11:00:33 EDT
Organization: PBS:Public Broadcasting Service, Alexandria, VA

SPACE TRAVEL: a history by Wernher von Braun, Frederick I. Ordway III and Dave
Dooling gives the time of Neil Armstrong's first step on the lunar surface as
10:56 PM (EDT) on 20 July 1969.

By Mission Elapsed Time that is 4 days 13 hours and 24 minutes into the flight
or 109 hours and 24 minutes since liftoff which took place at 9:32 AM (EDT) on
16 July 1969.

Even MET is therefore anchored on Eastern Daylight Time!
From: klaes@verga.enet.dec.com (Larry Klaes)
Subject: Will LAGEOS 2 Earth satellite have a plaque, too?
Keywords: LAGEOS, Earth, earthquakes, plaque
Organization: Digital Equipment Corporation
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 1992 15:01:04 GMT

         Will the LAGEOS 2 satellite - scheduled for launch on the
    Space Shuttle STS-52 mission - have a plaque of some kind on it
    as the craft's predecessor did in 1976?

	 To explain, LAGEOS 1, launched in 1976, was designed to help 
    scientists measure the movements of continental plates.  Since
    LAGEOS 1's orbit would keep it in space for eight million years
    before plunging back to Earth, Carl Sagan had a plaque designed to 
    help future explorers understand the purpose of the satellite.

	 Briefly, the LAGEOS 1 plaque depicted three views of Earth's
    continents:  As they were 250 million years ago when all the land
    masses were combined into one called Pangaea; as they appeared in
    1976 (launch year); and as they will probably look in 8 million A.D..
    The plaque also contained a diagram of the satellite and a simple
    picture of Earth orbiting Sol to explain the concept of one year.

         You can read more about the LAGEOS plaque in Carl Sagan's 1978
    book MURMURS OF EARTH, which also discusses the VOYAGER 1 and 2
    gold records and the PIONEER 10 and 11 plaques to extraterrestrial
    intelligences (or humanity's future space explorers).

         Your information is appreciated.

         Larry Klaes  klaes@verga.enet.dec.com
 		      or - ...!decwrl!verga.enet.dec.com!klaes
    		      or - klaes%verga.dec@decwrl.enet.dec.com
                      or - klaes%verga.enet.dec.com@uunet.uu.net

              "All the Universe, or nothing!" - H. G. Wells

         EJASA Editor, Astronomical Society of the Atlantic
From: Grant.Smith@f5.n7103.z5.fidonet.org (Grant Smith)
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
Subject: SSF
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 92 21:54:00 GMT
Organization: FidoNet node 5:7103/5 - The Chatterbox, Durban

I have hard a lot about space station Freedom, but still don't know
quite a few things.....
.
1) What will it look like (circular, conical etc.)
.
2) Above where will it orbit? Will it's orbit be fixed?
.
3) Will it be put into a spin for gravity purposes?
.
Those are my questions for the day. I would appreciate any reply given,
Grant Smith


--  
INTERNET: Grant.Smith@f5.n7103.z5.fidonet.org
via:  THE CATALYST BBS in Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
       (catpe.alt.za)   +27-41-34-1122 HST or +27-41-34-2859, V32bis & HST.
From: quest@iowegia.uucp (Steve J. Quest)
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
Subject: ***QUESTION***  RE: Space Shuttles...
Date: 16 Aug 92 07:08:20 GMT
Organization: Iowegia Waffle BBS, Clive IA USA, +1 515 226 2156


        Can anyone answer the question that has been burning a 
hole in the back of my mind?  The question is:  Why is the flag 
painted on the shuttle in mirror image?  I have seen this 
represented on models, and in pictures.  This is quite puzzling.

        Please post any responses publicly here...........sq
From: Nir.Oren@f54.n7101.z5.fidonet.org (Nir Oren)
Newsgroups: sci.space.shuttle
Subject: Thrust
Date: Thu, 13 Aug 92 01:47:00 GMT
Organization: FidoNet node 5:7101/54 - Depths of Insanity, Alberton

How would one create thrust in space using an electric motor 
(without firing electrons backwards etc...) ?
Chow
Nir

--  
INTERNET: Nir.Oren@f54.n7101.z5.fidonet.org
via:  THE CATALYST BBS in Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
       (catpe.alt.za)   +27-41-34-1122 HST or +27-41-34-2859, V32bis & HST.
Newsgroups: sci.space,sci.astro,sci.space.shuttle
From: higgins@fnalc.fnal.gov (Bill Higgins-- Beam Jockey)
Subject: Weekly reminder for Frequently Asked Questions list
Organization: (none)
Date: Mon, 10 Aug 1992 17:47:28 GMT
Summary: Check for FAQ in sci.space or obtain from servers

[Jon Leech is taking a vacation from cyberspace.  Our Special Guest 
Host this week:  Usenet's favorite ukulele-playing physicist,
W. Skeffington Higgins!]

"Thankyouthankyouthankyou.  It's great to be here.  Say, do you know
how many elephants can fit in a Soyuz?  Three!  But they have to be
REALLY GOOD FRIENDS!  And now, on with the Weekly Reminders!"

    This notice will be posted weekly in sci.space, sci.astro, and
sci.space.shuttle.

    The Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) list for sci.space and sci.astro is
posted approximately monthly. It also covers many questions that come up on
sci.space.shuttle (for shuttle launch dates, see below).

    The FAQ is posted with a long expiration date, so a copy may be in your
news spool directory (look at old articles in sci.space). If not, here are
two ways to get a copy without waiting for the next posting:

    (1) If your machine is on the Internet, it can be obtained by anonymous
FTP from the SPACE archive at ames.arc.nasa.gov (128.102.18.3) in directory
pub/SPACE/FAQ.

    (2) Otherwise, send email to 'archive-server@ames.arc.nasa.gov'
containing the single line:

help

    The archive server will return directions on how to use it. To get an
index of files in the FAQ directory, send email containing the lines:

send space FAQ/Index
send space FAQ/faq1

    Use these files as a guide to which other files to retrieve to answer
your questions.

    Shuttle launch dates are posted by Ken Hollis periodically in
sci.space.shuttle. A copy of his manifest is now available in the Ames
archive in pub/SPACE/FAQ/manifest and may be requested from the email
archive-server with 'send space FAQ/manifest'. Please get this document
instead of posting requests for information on launches and landings.

    Do not post followups to this article; respond to the author.

    "Thanks, ya been a great audience!"
Newsgroups: sci.space
From: afwendy@lims02.lerc.nasa.gov (WENDY WARTNICK)
Subject: Russian Cosmonaut Pics
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41    
Organization: NASA Lewis Research Center
Date: 14 Aug 1992 11:29 EST  

I have something that some people may be interested in:

My best friend and her family moved from Russia to the US in 1986.  Back in 
Russia, both of her parents were Physics professors.  Her parents, knowing 
(even back then...when I was only in 9th grade) that I was a NASA-space 
freak, gave me a nifty packet of Russian Cosmonaut pics.  Each 8-1/2x11 
"card" (these things remind me of giant baseball cards!) contains a color 
picture of a Cosmonaut  and a 5-6 paragraph biography (I think it is a 
biography--I can't read russian and, for some  dumb reason, I never asked 
my friend to translate!).  On the other side is a pentagon shaped medallian 
with a globe, a rocket, and the words: /\ETYNK KOCMOHABT CCCP (which, I 
assume, refers to the Russian Space Program).  There are 41 of these cards. 

For those of you who are interested...um...I am not sure what we can do.  
If you live in Cleveland, I can show them to you.  I do not know how to 
make gifs, though I know I can read them on these computers.  

Any suggestions?

				WEndy
From: gary@ke4zv.uucp (Gary Coffman)
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: Re: ACRV/Soyuz P # of Passengers
Date: 17 Aug 92 15:06:41 GMT
Reply-To: gary@ke4zv.UUCP (Gary Coffman)
Organization: Gannett Technologies Group

In article <1992Aug15.222003.751@iti.org> aws@iti.org (Allen W. Sherzer) writes:
>In article <_kbyx3j@rpi.edu> strider@acm.rpi.edu (Greg Moore) writes:
>
>>	One poster sent me a message explaing partly why.  It's typical for
>>contractors to underbid and ask for more money later.
>
>When the government is paying for hardware to be developed this can indeed
>happen. This can't happen when the government is only buying services. Like
>anything else, if the service is not provided, the contractor isn't paid.

The problem with this scenario is *the service isn't provided*. That
can't be tolerated when there are crews up there. So the government
*will* pay, and the contractor knows it. When salaries in the CIS 
go up, and they will, what happens to the bargain Soyuz prices?
CIS space workers now make $12 a month. Assume their real wages only
go to $1200 a month. Since the bulk of *any* high tech operation's
costs are personel, figure on Soyuz per each prices climbing 100 fold.
Either that, or the CIS factories will start making toasters instead
of rockets.

Gary
From: evansmp@uhura.aston.ac.uk (Mark Evans)
Newsgroups: sci.space
Subject: Re: Tethers
Date: 12 Aug 92 17:42:24 GMT
Organization: Aston University

Eric_S_Klien@cup.portal.com writes:
: Would it be possible to put something in near orbit over Nevada and 
: attach tethers to it so that people could reach the object via 
: elevators?  I know it wouldn't be easy, but is there a way to pull 
: this off?

read 'The fountains of paradise' bye Clake.

The only way you can get something to orbit above  point of the earth's
surface is to have it in geo-sync orbit.
Thus, the point you have your satellite above must be on the equator.
(if you want it to be over pointelse where on the globe, then it is
not in orbit and must run thrusters virtually continuiously to stay in
position)

Try replacing Nevada with Kenya and you might get it to work.
-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mark Evans                                   |evansmp@uhura.aston.ac.uk
+(44) 21 565 1979 (Home)                     |evansmp@cs.aston.ac.uk
+(44) 21 359 6531 x4039 (Office)             |
Newsgroups: sci.space
From: sbirkett@cix.compulink.co.uk (Stuart Birkett)
Subject: Deep-sea Diving on Europa
Reply-To: sbirkett@cix.compulink.co.uk
Date: Sun, 16 Aug 1992 18:25:09 +0000


   Marc Barrett writes.......
 
 
  > Many scientists and science fiction writers have speculated
  > about the possibility of life in the depths of the oceans on
  > Europa.
 
What are the oceans of Europa composed of?
 
Stuart......
From: geiger@niktow.canisius.edu (Tucson Al)
Newsgroups: sci.space,sci.astro
Subject: Space probe information
Keywords: space probe, formulae
Date: 18 Aug 92 22:08:40 GMT
Followup-To: poster
Organization: Canisius College, Buffalo NY. 14208

Does anyone out there know of a simple routine to compute the launch angle
and speed for a space probe, once the routine is given the current positions
of the launch and destination planets?  Gravitational effects should be taken
into account.
	Where is such a thing located, if no one has it online?
This is for my research project to graduate with a B.S. in Computer Science.

						-Doug
geiger@niktow.cs.canisius.edu
Newsgroups: sci.space