From: ze@milton.u.washington.edu (Ze' Magalhaes)
Subject: Passaportes, Escudos e Vinhos! 
Organization: University of Washington, Seattle
Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 21:28:25 GMT

Ola',

        NYTimes, 1992.11.23


        * "Europeans Delay Plan To Abolish Passport checks"
          "Plans by the European Community to allow people to travel
          between its 12 nations without passports has been delayed
          because of opposition of some of them." [...] "Britain and
          Denmark are strongly opposed to removing controls at their
          borders [...]" "Britain, ever jealous of its sovereignity,
          has warned that hopes for parliamentary ratification of a
          crucial Treaty on European Union next year could be dashed
          if the community demanded that it dismantle passport controls,
          even for Western Europeans." [...] Em suma, "Britain was the
          first to resist [agreeing to eliminate passport controls] and,
          because of special agreements, Ireland was tied to Britain's
          policy. Soon Denmark also indicated that it had problems with
          the plan. In responseF rance, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands,
          and Luxemburg - signed a separate agreement in June 1990 in
          Schegen, Luxemburg, to move ahead without waiting for the others.
          They were later join by Italy, Spain, Portugal and, just this
          month Greece. They originally set Jan.1, 1993, as their deadline
          for ending passport controls. In broad terms, the agreement spells
          out how a plan covering the entire community would operate: anyone
          legally in a "Schengen" country may travel to the eight others, but
          only citizens of one country could settle and work in others. For
          example, an Angolan in Portugal or a Moroccan in Belgium could
          travel to the Riviera for a summer vacation, but could not work
          there. A Spaniard or a Greek, on the other hand, could migrate to
          France to live and work."
           O artigo continua discutindo problemas praticos associados a
          este acordo (policia/futura Europol, trafego de drogas e capitais),
          refere que Espanha, que tem neste momento presidencia rotativa do
          "grupo Schegen", espera que o acordo entre em vigor em meados de
          1993 com o fim das fronteiras terestres e termina (sem surpresas)
          com a ja' habitual dose de pessimismo e "German bashing" : "The
          fact is that after everything that has happened in Germany, people
          are a bit more sympathetic to the British position."

        * "Europe's Currencies Wobble On"
          "By devaluing the Spanish and Portuguese currencies early this
          morning, the European Community eased some immediate strains
          on its embattled monetary system, but the action did nothing to
          address the underlying finacial problem afflicting Europe -
          Germany's continuing insistence on keeping its interest rates
          high." [...] The 6% devaluations, agreed to by European central
          bank and finance ministry officials after a 10 hour meeting in
          Brussels that started late afternoon Saturday, should stabilize
          the Spanish Peseta and the Portuguese escudo. Both currencies
          were driven down in value last week in a wave of speculative
          selling."
           "The pressures that existed in the system I think were dealt
          by this movement," said Jose' Bra's, Treasury Secretary of
          Portugal."

        * "Although Trade Is Trickier, `More Is Better' Is Still True"
          "The end of the trade spat with Europe, if France can be
          persuaded to go along, is certainly good news for Americans
          who prefer to drink real Chablis with their oysters or who
          export soybeans." [...]
          Na semana anterior outro artigo colocava Portugal na 4a posicao
          de exportador de vinho branco para o mercado americano. O artigo
          continua numa espe'cie de licao Econ101 como eles pro'prios dizem.
           Um outro artigo, "The Breakthrough Was the Result of a Gamble and
          a Last-Minute Idea", apresenta os detalhes desta negociacao:
          "The gamble: seek smaller cuts in Europe's subsidized grain exports
          but require a new method of calculating them. The Europeans asked
          to plant more oilseed for industrial uses. When both sides agreed,
          the deal was struck." Mas "... will it hold? The Prime Minister of
          France acknowledge yesterday that Paris might veto the pact."

        E e' tudo, e nao e' pouco... Abrac,os,
-Ze' Magalhaes