From: aftab@nsisrv.gsfc.nasa.gov (Aftab Ahmad;MU-SPIN/CESDIS)
Subject: Re: Pakistan
Organization: Goddard Space Flight Center
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 1992 19:20:07 GMT



	Syed Irfan Hyder writes:
Fro here...
===============================================================
Assalaam Alikum
        In India what was called the two-nation theory only dawned on
its proponents when they found all their efforts at reconcilliation
futile. Note that these people (mostly educated from Aligarh) were
from the generation that broke away from the mainly orthodox Muslim
ulema camp after the war of independence, 1857. These were Sir Syed
and his followers like Ali Brothers and others __ all from ALigarh.
At the start of the 20th century and when the breakaway from the
orthodox ulema had gone on about a generation or two, these people
took the reins of Muslim leadership. (Ulemas now confined to their
khaniqahs and madrassahs). Inspite of the efforts of Mohammad Ali
Jinnah, SIrojni Naidu, Dada bhoy nauroji, Aga Khan, Salimullah
in the first quarter of ths century, the elusive dream of
Hindu-muslim unity never materialized. It was only after the
noncooperation movement failure (early 20s), followed by the
shock of disillusionment sent by the secularization and
non-Islamic policies of Ata Turk, and closely followed
by the Hindu Muslim riots, this liberal camp of Muslim leaders
like Mohammad Ali Jauhar, Zafar ali khan, Hasrat Mohani, Jinnah
and others realized that their way was indeed separate from
that of Hindus. A realization that the orthodox ulema believed
from long ago, but by now out of the mainstream because of
their boycott of the English language.

Note that Mohammad Ali Jauhar, Sajjad hyder Yeldrum and all of
their collegues at that time were so much under the spell of
Ata Turk that his blatant steps really threw all of them out
of the mainstream of the leadership. They all faded away as
the stage was then taken over by the more youthful camp.

So, the thesis of all this discussion is that the idea of
Two nation theory actually was a new one for those Muslims
of India who were raised in the tradition of ALigarh. As for
the Muslim ulemas, it has never been a new one. It was neither
adopted or practiced by the Aligarian generation (if I may call that)
for the first time. It may be dawned on them at that time.

Otherwise any one who has read Quran, and knows a little
Arabic, clearly understands the meaning of the:

Indeed we have made you the nation of the straight path!

Wassalaam

Irfan Hyder
P.S.

Ignore the typos.

until here...
==================================================================
	Given your point of view it becomes imperative for the Muslim
ulmas to conform to the struggle for an independent country. But what
we see is a different attitude. Assuming that the "liberals" (that's what
you call) gave up before Hindu-Muslim differences: it means in other words they
joined hands with the spiritual heads as far as the two-nation theory
goes, where were they (ulemas) at the time of movement. I see Ahmadies for
the creation of pakistan and Jamaat-e-Islami against it. This is a big
contradiction in your theory. Or would you say that the creation of Pakistan
has nothing to do with the two-nation theory.
	Let me explain my view here. Creation of Pakistan was not a relgious
issue at all. It was a human rights' issue. Muslims felt threatened by a 
Hindu majority, espcially after ruling them for a long time. 
	It is absolutely necessary to understand th creation of Pakistan
because the exploitation during Bhutto, Zia era were not implementng
any idealogy - because there s none - they were in a situation where they
were stuck because of absence of the concept of transfer of power.
	And to support my argument, we lost East Pakistan only because
we could not give them their 'rights', and not because they or we changed
the religion.

Take care,

aftab [Will fight against war]	ahmad 

Newsgroups: soc.culture.pakistan