HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: khater@sun14.vlsi.waterloo.edu (Issam Abu-Khater)
Subject: shia vs sunnah
Keywords: shia, sunnah
Organization: University of Waterloo
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 1992 16:13:21 GMT

Assalam alaikum,
Lately many students on scholarships from Iran came to North America in order
to persue education in various fields. This has brought back into serface the
Sunni VS Shia issue.

First, I would like to point out that the differences we are talking about
are not in matters of Fiqh as some Shias and Sunnis believe. When we speak
about differences we are concerned about differences in "Aqeedah" or dogma
which distinguish between a Muslim and a non Muslim.

Differences in fiqhi matters are tolerable in Islam, but those of Aqeedah
are not.

Second, many people think that Shia is a Math-hab, like the four sunni schools
of thought, but this is not the case, since in the four math-habs the 
differences are on matter of Fiqh and Ijtihad, but withe the shia the 
differences are on matters of Aqeedah. So the scholars refer to them as
a "Firqah" or division.

Third, The sunni scholars never gave a general statement where the indicated
that whole shia is kufar, on the contrary what they say is the "who ever 
believe in an aqeedah different than that of Islam or introduce new dogmatic
ideas which was abolished by Islam and expose his ideas openly is a kafir,
and thos who follow blindly without knowledge are clasified as fasiqs"

Fourth, it is important to expose such issues and not shy away from discussing
these differences on the basis that we are looking for unity. Unity can be
achieved only if we agree on what is the true dogma and how we can preserve
it. One dogma only can be right the other is surely wrong.

Fifth, we should only be conerned about matters of aqeedah when we discuss
this issue, otherwise we will indulge in a lengthy discussion and gain
nothing. Matters like the "Ismat of Imaams" infallability of Immams, or the
claim that some verses of the quran were deleted by the sahabah. Matters where
the sunnah is belittled, like the rejection of Bukhari and Muslim books of
hadith. Matters where verses of the quran are taken out of context to support
ones position.

These are few words which insha-Allah (i.a) will be followed by discussion
on matters of differences dealing with Aqeedah. I am not shy, nor disrupting
any unity by writing about this, many scholars have wrote and explained that
hundreds of years before I born.

Wassalam alaikum
Issam.
..Only one can be write in matters of Aqeedah..


Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic,soc.culture.pakistan,soc.culture.turkish
From: pf@info.ucl.ac.be (Pierre Flener)
Subject: are there any mailing lists about Egypt? about Jordan?
Organization: Computer Science Department, Catholic University of Louvain
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 1992 11:44:54 GMT

Salaam aleikum,

I'm trying to find out whether there are mailing lists about
Egypt, and about Jordan. If yes, can anyone please e-mail me
the contact addresses? Sorry if this is a FAQ.

Shukran,

                                         - --  ___@ 
                                       ---- __T\  \_ 
      Pierre  (pf@info.ucl.ac.be)     - -- / /\_>/\ \
___________________________________________\__/__\__/____________________
Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
From: cavus@CAE.WISC.EDU
Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
Subject: IJTIHAD. PART 5.1.
Date: 22 Jul 92 23:53:35 GMT
Article-I.D.: sun-19.9207222353.AA00398

Esselamu Aleykum.

TREATISE  ON  IJTIHAD   PART  5.1

From The Twenty Seventh Word 

     This treatise was once written in Arabic. Now, due to a request
of my two friends, it will be rewritten  in Turkish  to give a
lesson to the one who overstepped his bounds.

In the Name Of Allah the Compassionate the  Merciful

"If theyhad only referred it to the Messenger or to those charged with
authority." (Al Qur'an 4:83)

     Know O Dear Friend! The door of ijtihad, which is one of the
religious matters, is open. But at this time, there are six
barriers to enter there.

     Fifth Barrier. There are three points which show that the
present ijtihads are earthly, and away from the purpose of the
Sharia. The Sharia (Islamic Jurisprudence and Science)  is from
above (revelation from Allah SWT).  The ijtihads which are
revealing the hidden judgements of the Sharia must reflect the
purpose of the Sharia. 

First point: Every thing and judgement comes into existance as a
result of a primary cause ('illa, see note) along with its
benefits (maslaha). But maslaha is not the same as 'illa;
rather, its role is only for determining the preference. 
Contrary to this fact, the views at this time are aimed at
replacing the primary cause with wisdom and benefit, and then,
making judgements (huqm) on their basis.  Of course, such
ijtihad is earthly, and hence does not  reflect the principles
of Sharia.

will continue in$aallah

C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C* 
These translations are from the Risale-i Nur Collection of Bediuzzaman Siad
Nursi (RA) which consists of a total of 134 books in Turkish and few in Arabic.
Tranlators are a group of  students at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and
Case Western Reserve  University-Cleveland.  All correspondence should be
directed to the e-mail address appering in this posting.  We are posting these
translations part by part but if anyone is interested we can send the whole
topic to personal e-mail addresses.  These topics have also appeared in the
weekly letter "Droplet  -  From The Vast Ocean Of The Miraculous Qur'an"
published and distributed in the Islamic Centers of Madison-WI and Cleveland-OH
after every Friday-Prayer.  Thank you.  The Talabat-un Noor.
C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    C*    
Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
From: uk02757@nx25.mik.uky.edu (jeffrey t hazelwood)
Subject: JOKE
Organization: University Of Kentucky, Dept. of Math Sciences
Date: Thu, 30 Jul 1992 01:47:38 GMT

Asalaam ala Kul arabi homar wa ahamaq wa mejanoon wa mutahelaf,

Kana honaka fee quadim al zamen rajaloon bachil arabi qala li ibna qom wa  
salee wa bada thelik erjalee wa qolee man hoa rabooq an'dama halasa al ibn  
salatoh raja ila wa qala laho rabee hoa allah.  Fasafahoo abuhoo ala wujhe  
wa qala lahoo hetha galat faqala lahoo abu rabooka hoa al man.  Wa andama  
qala ibnahoo lahoo hetha sahia.  Fara ha abuhoo wa atahoo qatata gobzin  
yasab ala al hiwan hathmo!!!!

(laugh! laugh!)

--------------------------------------------------------------------
Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
From: ggrieve@cbnewsi.cb.att.com (greig.grieve)
Subject: Arabic grammar question
Organization: AT&T
Date: Wed, 22 Jul 1992 18:08:07 GMT
Keywords: Tell el Dab`a or Tell ed Dab`a ?

An archaeological excavation taking place in the Nile delta is usually referred
to as "Tell el-Dab`a". The Egypt Exploration Society's bulletin "Egyptian
Archaeology" calls the site "Tell ed-Dab`a". I understand that this is the
correct form, according to the rules of Arabic grammer. Can someone please
explain this rule?
From: martillo@stars.clearpoint.com (Joachim Martillo)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
Subject: Re: Arabic grammar question
Keywords: Tell el Dab`a or Tell ed Dab`a ?
Date: 23 Jul 92 11:15:41 GMT
Organization: Clearpoint Inc., Hopkinton, MA

In article <1992Jul22.180807.24526@cbnewsi.cb.att.com> ggrieve@cbnewsi.cb.att.com (greig.grieve) writes:

>An archaeological excavation taking place in the Nile delta is usually referred
>to as "Tell el-Dab`a". The Egypt Exploration Society's bulletin "Egyptian
>Archaeology" calls the site "Tell ed-Dab`a". I understand that this is the
>correct form, according to the rules of Arabic grammer. Can someone please
>explain this rule?

There is just a rule which cause the assimilation of the lam in 'al to
the succeeding consonant in pronunciation but not in writing, and
people who transliterate sometimes choose to follow the writing system
and sometimes choose to follow the pronunciation systme.

The letters are 'alhuruwfu-'l(sh)amsiyyatu.  The solar letters
generally correspond to sounds made with the tongue touching the teeth
which are basically dentals, sibilants, the Arabic r-sound and the
n-sound.  Of course, just to be confusing lam is considered solar
while jim which in most pronunciations is dental-sibilant consonant
cluster does not obey the assimilation rule.

Worrying about accurate transcription of Arabic is a relatively
pointless activity.  The English and Arabic graphemic systems are
simply very different and do not map very well onto each other.

Joachim Carlo Santos Martillo Ajami
Xref: sparky soc.culture.arabic:2845 soc.culture.afghanistan:743
From: mmokhtar@attmail.com
Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic,soc.culture.afghanistan,soc.culture.pakistan.soc.culture.lebanon
Subject: The Alim
Date: 24 Jul 92 16:23:54 GMT
Article-I.D.: cbfsb.1992Jul24.162354.8512
Organization: AT&T
Originator: mmdh@cbnewsf.cb.att.com

Assalamu `alaykum,

  I went to the recent ICNA conference. There, one of the tables demonstrated
a software called The Alim. The Alim is an "Islamic Study Toolkit". It offers
the entire text of:
  - The Qur'an in Arabic
  - Transliteration of the Qur'an
  - Yusuf `Ali's translation
  - Yusuf `Ali's commentary
  - M. Pickthall's translation
  - All nine volumes of Sahih Bukhary
  - Islamic Subjects Database
  - Maududi Sura information
  - Chronological History of Islam
  - Biographies of Companions
  - Islamic terms dictionary

  The Alim runs a clean and powerful text based windowing system. Several
windows can be run at once. It also has a powerful pattern searching feature.

  The databases are cross-referenced. Separate modules can be purchased, they
include Sahih Muslim, Tirmizy, Al-Muwatta and Assad's translation among other
volumes.

  The standard package has an introductory price of $99.00 and costs $149.95
in retail. Macintosh, Windows, OS/2 and OSF/Motif support is expected in
the first quarter of 1993. I saw the package and it is EXCELLENT. It is
certainly worth the price. If were to buy the books in paper form it would
cost more than $100, plus you would not be able to cross reference or
search.

  The current version is distributed on 7 high density DOS disks and when
decompressed takes 15Mb on a Hard Disk. You need at least 1.5Mb on your Hard
Disk to run the Software and you can decompress the components you need. You
also need EGA graphics or better. It also runs on a Macintosh with Soft-AT.

  The Software was developed over six years by a two person company called
ADVENT (800-397-5561). It is distributed by IQRA Bookcenter: 800-521-ICRA
or 312-274-2665.

  I have no affiliation to ADVENT or to IQRA, but I am most impressed.

Assalamu `alaykum,

Mazen Mokhtar
Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
From: beasley@bestsd.sdsu.edu (Bev Beasley)
Subject: Newest News Groups
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.4-b1  
Organization: San Diego State University - Dept. of Redundancy Dept.
Distribution: na
Date: Wed, 29 Jul 1992 00:15:00 GMT

Assalamu Alaikum-

Today I noticed the creation of three new news groups, which are:

alt.wanted.moslem.men
alt.wanted.moslem.women
alt.wanted.moslem gay

I don't know if this is a joke, or what the purpose is.  But it seems
a bit strange that since homosexuality is forbidden in Islam, why is 
there a news group?!

Perhaps someone can find the reason?  Jazakum Allahu Khair

Salam
Sr. Beverly





Xref: sparky soc.culture.arabic:2875 soc.culture.pakistan:12806 talk.politics.mideast:17251
From: jjt@spchsys.spchsys (John J. Turley)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
Subject: Re: Arabic grammar question
Date: 27 Jul 92 18:07:15 GMT
Reply-To: jjt@spchsys.UUCP (John J. Turley)
Organization: Speech Systems Incorporated, Tarzana, California

[question about al + noun]

>  It's a question of pronounciation. The "el" (alef lam, equivalent of the
>English "THE") can be pronounced in two ways, depends on the letter which 
>follows, however, it's ALWAYS written.
>
>  FIRST CASE : The "lam" isn't pronounced, it's substituded by a "shaddah"
>so it sounds as if the letter which follows is written twice, example :
>ed-Dab`a (yes, you are correct, this is the correct form). In this case, the
>lam is called "lam shamsiah" (shams = sun), i don't know where does this name
>come from, maybe someone with a good knowledge of tajweed can tell us.
>Some of the letters which impose this rule : 'T', 'Th', 'D', 'S', 'R', 'Z'..

This is how it was told to me: The so-called sun letters are the alveolars
and dentals, i.e. they are the consonants which are produced either at the
teeth (like 'd' or 'th') or on the ridge above the teeth. The first letter
of "shams", 'sun' is such a letter, and it serves as the mnemonic.

So, the letter l is articulated in this region. For ease of articulation,
the 'l' assimilates to the adjacent sun letter-- in other words, we lose
the 'l' completely. (Of course, this is only in pronunciation, as the
'l' still is written.) To compensate for the lost 'l', a "shaddah", or
'strengthening' is attached above the sun letter to give it a double
value.

So, with a word like "dar", 'house', if we say 'the house' we get "ad-dar".
We still see the lam, and we see shaddah written above the 'd'.

>  Second CASE : The lam is pronounced, example : "Al-Bab" (the door). In this
>case the lam is called "lam kamariah" (kamar = moon).
>Some of the letters which impose this rule : 'A', 'j', 'K', 'B', 'F', 'L',..
>
The moon letters are supposed to be everything which is not alveolar
or dental. The first letter of "qamar", 'moon', is uvular, and serves
as the mnemonic. Thus, 'the moon' would be "al-qamar".

This is what I was taught at the university, without all the nunation of course.
So much for Classical Arabic! I have been told that in Modern Egyptian,
there is one exception: the letter 'j' (jim) has become 'g' and is treated
like a sun letter! This is what I heard, anyway. So, taking the word
for weather, "jau", we get the Egyptian "gau"; 'the weather' is rendered
as 'ag-gau'.

-John

-- 
###############################################################################
#          John Turley  "jIH tera'ngan, 'ej qaja'pu' qalegh vIneH."           #
#      Speech Systems, Inc. / (818) 881-0885 / celia!spchsys!jjt@usc.edu      #
###############################################################################
Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
Subject: Joke #7
From: abufarhans@watt.ccs.tuns.ca
Date: 21 Jul 92 09:23:57 AST

Here is

Joke 1:

Q: Why does a Homosi while shaving and is interrupted (e.g. phone ring) cut 
   himself

A: To mark where he left off (i.e. to restart from where he stopped)


Joke 2:

Q: Why don't the Syrian army shoot on the Israeli planes when they raid them

A: they say "Ibin ELharam Itzukush Bekaa' Lahalu"



Najeh


Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
From: izzeddin%peruvian.utah.edu@cs.utah.edu (Fares Izzeddin)
Subject: Re: middle east studies departments
Date: 29 Jul 92 17:45:29 MDT
Organization: University of Utah CS Dept
Distribution: usa

In article <1992Jul28.160525.12257@bronze.ucs.indiana.edu> kaabrown@bronze.ucs.indiana.edu (kathy ann brown) writes:
>I hope to get a degree in History and "Middle East" Studies.  
>I've read about numerous programs here, but I'd like some opinions or
>input about other departments.   I want to continue my Arabic language
>studies as well.  Is Harvard as good as it sounds?  Has anyone heard
>about the UT Austin dept?  How about Columbia?
>
>Thanks!
>
>--Ann
>

University of Utah has a pretty good program both in ME studies and
Arabic.  The library has on of the biggest middle eastern collection
in the west; it is well known for its rare books collection.   Besides,
if you are into skiing, this the place to be in!!!!!-:)
Fares...


izzeddin@peruvian.utah.edu

Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
From: bx573@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Alan H. Stein)
Subject: Re: RUSH LIMBAUGH'S SECRET NON-AGENDA
Reply-To: bx573@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Alan H. Stein)
Organization: Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (USA)
Date: Sun, 26 Jul 92 00:13:37 GMT


In a previous article, arf@ddsw1.mcs.com (Jack Schmidling) says:
>
>Thank you for pointing out the obvious missing word.  Israel received
>$5.5 billion last year out of a total foreign aid budget of $13.5 billion.

I'm not sure how Jack changed $3 billion to $5.5 billion.  Perhaps he was
including (and exaggerating) the small additional aid Israel got to
partially compensate for its added expenses during the Gulf War.  In that
case, it would be appropriate to add the extra $7 billion that Egypt got,
making Egypt's share over $9 billion last year.
-- 
bx573@cleveland.freenet.edu----Alan H. Stein----stein@uconnvm.uconn.edu
From: kurth@heycke.Eng.Sun.COM (Kurt Heycke [Contractor])
Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
Subject: Re: middle east studies departments
Date: 29 Jul 1992 15:24:45 GMT
Organization: Sun Microsystems, Mt. View, Ca.
Distribution: usa
NNTP-Posting-Host: heycke

In article <1992Jul28.160525.12257@bronze.ucs.indiana.edu> kaabrown@bronze.ucs.indiana.edu (kathy ann brown) writes:
>I hope to get a degree in History and "Middle East" Studies.  
>I've read about numerous programs here, but I'd like some opinions or
>input about other departments.   I want to continue my Arabic language
>studies as well.  Is Harvard as good as it sounds?  Has anyone heard
>about the UT Austin dept?  How about Columbia?
>
>Thanks!
>
>--Ann



Of course this is entirely subjective, but I would rank the top
departments in the following order:


University of Chicago - has a lengthy list of the top-notch scholars
			and a (university-wide) commitment to 
			academic excellence and independent thinking
			Great library.

Princeton             - has a top notch faculty and good faculty/grad student
			ratio.  Unfortunately, Arabic instruction is
			conducted largely on a do-it-yourself basis. Good library 

Univ. of Michigan    - has first-rate Arabic instruction -- hey, they're
			the folks that make all the books and tapes!

Columbia	     - same advantages as Chicago, but dept. is smaller


UTexas		     - has lots of bucks and good Arabic instruction, but
			then it's in Texas


Harvard		     - I don't know much about their academic program, however
			I have one colleague who complained of sexual harrassment
			there.  They have a first rate library. 



You might also look into UCLA, Utah, and Johns Hopkins (SAIS).



--
 Jens        __o    All opinions expressed here are mine     o__   
 Kurt      _ \<,_   and do not represent the views or       _,>/ _ 
 Heycke   (_)/ (_)  policy of SunSoft or Sun Microsystems  (_) \(_)
           
Xref: sparky soc.culture.arabic:2889 soc.culture.pakistan:12820 talk.politics.mideast:17283
From: ilyess@davinci.concordia.ca (Ilyess Bdira)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
Subject: Re: Shia vs Sunnah (the concept of taqqiyah)
Keywords: Shia, Sunnah, Taqqiyah
Date: 30 Jul 92 13:12:15 GMT
Organization: ECE - Concordia University

In article <Bs3x53.8BF@sun3.vlsi.uwaterloo.ca> khater@sun14.vlsi.waterloo.edu (Issam Abu-Khater) writes:
... The old broken record..
then,..
>..Remember that I am not depating the issue nor trying to create trouble,

sure you are not, you are the absolute truth, so no debating is involved
here! Creating trouble? who said that?

>  My only goal is to expose the differences so that my beloved sunni 
>  brothers do not be dicieved..

Can I ask you a question?
How old are you? How many books did you read so far?

I hope you go through with this stage you are in now (I did eight years
ago). If you are in the Salafi-brainwashed bandwagon, then hope is very
dim for you.

I am not debating, nor creating trouble, just giving you
the plain truth :-)
From: olo@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Lee Thomas)
Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
Subject: Need information:  Possible travel to Bahrain...
Date: 27 Jul 92 16:46:13 GMT
Reply-To: olo@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu (Lee Thomas)
Organization: The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX
Originator: olo@pooh.cc.utexas.edu

Hello,

I might be traveling to Bahrain later this fall.  I was wondering if anyone 
had any information a business traveler like myself could use.  Specifically,
local customs, Do's and Dont's, Good places to stay (cheap!), business 
practices, etc...  

Thanks!

-Lee Thomas

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lee Thomas                              Voice:    (512)452-0752
President                               FAX:      (512)322-6350  
Alta Vista Technologies, Inc.           Internet: olo@ccwf.cc.utexas.edu
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Newsgroups: soc.culture.arabic
From: mmokhtar@attmail.com
Subject: Re: Arabic grammar question
Originator: mmdh@cbnewsf.cb.att.com
Organization: AT&T
Date: Mon, 27 Jul 1992 14:17:46 GMT

In article <37478@imag.imag.fr> oueichek@ngulu (Ibaa Oueichek) writes:
>  In this case, the lam is called "lam shamsiah" (shams = sun), i don't

  The names are 'lam shamsiah' and 'lam qamariah', meaning solar L and
lunar L. The reason is that the letter 'sh' is solar and the letter 'q' is
lunar, which makes for a good rule of thumb. What follows is a list of
Arabic letters, those preceded by '-' are solar:

   '  hamza
   b
   dj
 - d
   h
   w
 - z
   H  heavy h
 - T  heavy t
   y
   k
   l  This one can go either way, but it's considered lunar
   m
 - n
 - s
   `  `ayn
   f
 - S  heavy S
   q
 - r
 - sh
 - t
 - th as in 'math'
   kh as in 'khayr' (good) or the german 'ach'
 - th as in 'the'
 - D  heavy d
 - Th as in 'Thahr' (back)
   gh as in 'ghani' (rich)


Regards,

Mazen Mokhtar