HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: bigoldberg@igc.apc.org (Billi Goldberg)
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
Subject: Re: Letter to SF Sentinel
Date: 15 Aug 92 17:30:00 GMT
Organization: UCLA, Computer Science Department
Note: non-commercial reproduction.
Archive-Number: 5906

In post <11:11 pm  Aug 13, 1992 by dyer@spdcc.com in cdp:sci.med.aids **>
Steve writes (among other things):

>Nonsense.  The evidence that AZT prolongs life in people with AIDS
>compared to people with AIDS not given AZT is irrefutable.  No one
>(except a crackpot with a pet theory) would make the claim you have
>here and still expect to be taken seriously.

The scientists in the study below must be *crackpots*.

************************************************************************
                   AIDS INFORMATION NEWSLETTER
                   Michael Howe, MSLS, Editor
                     AIDS Information Center
                VA Medical Center, San Francisco
                     (415) 221-4810 ext 3305
                         April 24, 1992 

 A CONTROLLED TRIAL OF EARLY VERSUS LATE TREATMENT WITH ZIDOVUDINE IN 
SYMPTOMATIC HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION (Hamilton JD, 
Hartigan PM, Simberkoff MS et. al.) 
Abstract Background.  Zidovudine is recommended for asymptomatic and 
early symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The best 
time to initiate zidovudine treatment remains uncertain, however, and 
whether early treatment improves survival has not been established.  
Methods.  We conducted a multicenter, randomized, double-blind trail 
that compared early zidovudine therapy (beginning at 1500 mg per day) 
with late therapy in HIV infected patients who were symptomatic and had 
CD4+ counts between 0.2x10(9) and 0.5x10(9) cells per liter (200 to 500 
per cubic millimeter) at entry. Those assigned to late therapy initially 
received placebo and began zidovudine when their CD4+ counts fell below 
0.2x10(9) per liter (200 per cubic millimeter) or when the acquired 
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed.  
Results.  During a mean follow-up period of more than two years, there 
were 23 deaths in the early-therapy group (n=170) and 20 deaths in the 
late-therapy group (n=168) (p=0.48; relative risk [late vs. early], 
0.81; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.44 to 1.59). In the early-
therapy group, 28 patients progressed to AIDS, as compared with 48 in 
the late-therapy group (p=0.02; relative risk, 1.76; 95 percent 
confidence interval, 1.1 to 2.8). Early therapy increased the time until 
CD4+ counts fell below 0.2x10(9) per liter (200 per cubic millimeter), 
and it produced more conversions from positive to negative for serum p24 
antigen. Early therapy was associated with more anemia, leukopenia, 
nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, whereas late therapy was associated with 
more skin rash.  

Conclusions.  In symptomatic patients with HIV infection, early 
treatment with zidovudine delays progression to AIDS, but in this 
controlled study it did not improve survival, and it was associated with 
more side effects. 
*******************************************************************************
From: tedr@athena.cs.uga.edu (Ted Kalivoda)
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
Subject: Re: The Myth of Heterosexual AIDS
Date: 20 Aug 92 13:35:54 GMT
Article-I.D.: cs.1992Aug21.015225.22348
Organization: University of Georgia, Athens
Note: Copyright 1992, Dan R. Greening. Non-commercial reproduction allowed.
Archive-Number: 5942

In article <1992Aug19.193032.17472@cs.ucla.edu> sheaffer@netcom.com (Robert Sheaffer) writes:
>In article <1992Aug15.010731.17552@cs.ucla.edu> lcc!uunet!mailrus!gatech!mit-eddie!CUNYVM!SECBH.mitvma!BITNET.mit.edu@CS.UCLA.EDU writes:
>>
>>The overwhelming number of IV drug users are heterosexual.  They
>>infect other heterosexuals.  Unless one chooses to ignore their
>>sexual orientation, AIDS is a heterosexual problem and seems to be
>>becoming increasingly.
>>
>>Nevertheless, despite the general level of disdain for the social
>>groups from which IV drug users come -- they are heterosexual.
>
>True. The drug users themselves are at extremely great risk of
>infection, and their partners are at somewhat less risk, but still
>an unacceptably high level.
>
>However, because of the extremely low incidence of female-to-male
>transmission, HIV infection will NOT escape into the general
>heterosexual population in great numbers because of this. Most of the (male)
>IV drug users will eventually die of AIDS, many of their (female)
>partners will, but few if any other non-drug-users will catch it from
>them, even if the HIV+ girlfriend of the drug user has sex with
>other men. So the mechanism for an epidemic in the heterosexual
>population is not in place.
>  
>        Robert Sheaffer

This observation is certainly true.  In the U.S. we can monitorconduct
more accurately and are aware that heterosexual transmission without drug
use is rare.  The curious thing is what is going on in South East Asia.  I
suspect the much of the story is to be told about the behavior of
heterosexuals there, along with the behavior of the prostitutes.

The millions of dollars of pubic funds targeting the white, middle class,
non drug using heterosexual is a shame on the political smooshiness of the
current politicos.  Excuse me for coming across in such a temper, but there
are many lives at stake, and by telling the truth about risky behavior--drug
use by needles and anal sex--people can be informed and will know what not
to do.

======================================================
 Teddy Kalivoda  ------------> tedr@athena.cs.uga.edu 
   University of GA Computing & Network Services       
     Inst.of Higher Education               
=====================================================                                                                          
	"The sleep of reason gives rise to monsters"
				        (Goya, Caprichos)
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: molly@krang.vis.citri.edu.au (Mark Ollila)
Subject: % HIV+ test in x Weeks of contact with virus??
Note: Copyright 1992, Dan R. Greening. Non-commercial reproduction allowed.
Archive-Number: 5928
Organization: Computer Science, University of Melbourne, Australia
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 1992 05:42:33 GMT

A lot of people responded to my previous post with some
interesting answers. But one thing I found inconclusive is
the amount of time that must pass before you can be
sure that the person is not HIV+.

Some people said that the you should wait from 2 weeks to 6 months
before you can be sure that the test result is conclusive.

The query I have now is:

What percentage of people are tested positive after x weeks of
the sexual encounter with a HIV+ person.

Something like
xx % after 1 day
xx % after 1 week
xx % after 1 month
etc.... is something I hope for in answers.

Thanks again.
Mark.

-- 
 _--_|\    Mark Ollila                      1. Hail King Laurie
 /      \  CITRI, Computer Science Dept.    2. "I remember now"  QR:OMC
 \_.--.*/  University of Melbourne          3. "I'll be back" AS 
       v   email: molly@vis.citri.edu.au.   4. "I am not an animal" rang 
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: lcc!uunet!mailrus!gatech!mit-eddie!CUNYVM!SECBH.mitvma!BITNET.mit.edu@CS.UCLA.EDU
Subject:    re: The Myth of Heterosexual AIDS
Note: non-commercial reproduction.
Archive-Number: 5898
Organization: City University of New York/ University Computer Center
Date: Friday, 14 Aug 1992 13:20:38 EDT

manley@optilink.com (Dave Manley),Archive-number: 5894 writes:

>the threat of AIDs to >heterosexuals in the U.S. was overstated
..............
>AIDS remains in the U.S.
>primarily a disease of male homosexuals, injecting drug
>abusers and their partners.  The rates of heterosexual infection, not
>including partners of IVDUs, have not changed that much - at least not
>like the predictions by some of the media that by 1990 one in ten of the
>heterosexual population would be infected.

Mr. Manely in this article (and in previous postings) presents a view
of the AIDS epidemic in the U.S. which deserves attention and makes
some good points.

However, they are marred by one repeated theme for me.  I
accept his detachment of homosexual people as not being part of
the heterosexual population -- as we quite obviously are not if
sexual orientation is the standard.

But I find the casual exclusion of IV drug users (and their partners)
from consideration as part of the heterosexual population to be
a bit too much like the rigging of statistics and facts which he
often faults others for.

The overwhelming number of IV drug users are heterosexual.  They
infect other heterosexuals.  Unless one chooses to ignore their
sexual orientation, AIDS is a heterosexual problem and seems to be
becoming increasingly.

What has been true is that emphasis in this country has been upon
the "War on Drugs" and not upon expansion of treatment programs nor
upon the very complicated social factors which contribute to drug
use.  It is my feeling that this in large measure is due to the
fact that drug use is most prevalent in the lower socio-economic
classes, classes in which blacks and Hispanics are heavily
represented.  And we do live in a society where the value of
a human being is gauged by his level of prosperity, which almost
automatically can use skin color as a first indicator.

Nevertheless, despite the general level of disdain for the social
groups from which IV drug users come -- they are heterosexual.

As long as concerns are based on sexual orientation these people
fall within Mr. Manley's bailiwick.   And may God have mercy on them.

Jack Carroll

Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: jbone@splat.dell.com (Jeff Bone)
Subject: Detection of HIV-infected cells
Note: Copyright 1992, Dan R. Greening. Non-commercial reproduction allowed.
Archive-Number: 5938
Organization: Dell Computer Co
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 1992 22:14:16 GMT

I've seen the comment made that a living cell infected with HIV is in-
distinguishable from a noninfected cell... that can't be true, correct?
If we define "infected cell" to mean one which has incorporated provirus
into its genome, then certainly the various byproducts of transcription
present will in some way cause changes in the outer surface membrane of
the cell...

Note that we're talking about "distinguishing" in the sense of some
nondestructive, potentially in vivo mechanism, thus the need for some
external-to-the-cell mechanism involving the outer surface membrane.

Somebody have any pointers to appropriate literature, or a brief semi-
detailed explanation of how a virion attaches to, invades, incorporates,
and proceeds to produce more virions from a cell and what relevant changes
occur in the cell at these various stages?

Thanks in advance,

jb

--
-- Jeff Bone ------------------------------------------------------------
      "Imagination is more important than knowledge."  - A. Einstein
------------------------------------------------------- jbone@dell.com --
                                                                       --
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: Bill Barrick <bab@d10.niaid.pc.niaid.nih.gov>
Subject: Re: HIV transmission Question
Note: non-commercial reproduction.
Archive-Number: 5896
Organization: National Institutes of Health
Date: Fri, 14 Aug 1992 15:15:28 GMT

In article <1992Aug12.133630.28751@cs.ucla.edu> Mark Ollila,
molly@krang.vis.citri.edu.au writes:
>Can the male be infected by the HIV virus? 
Previous respondant is correct.  For further info refer to work done by
Warren Winkelstein and Nancy Padian at the University of California at
Berkeley on heterosexual transmission of HIV.
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: etxmow@garboc34.ericsson.se (Mats Winberg)
Subject: Re: Foscavir at $24,000+ a year is Drug Abuse!
Note: non-commercial reproduction.
Archive-Number: 5882
Organization: Ericsson
Date: Wed, 12 Aug 1992 09:32:31 GMT

madlansacay@mary.fordham.edu (MADLANSACAY, NOEL) writes:

>Childers also pointed out that the development of Foscavir for
>treatment of CMV was heavily subsidized by the US Government
>through the National Institutes of Health.

    How come that a Swedish company get subsidies by the U.S ?
    Does Astra have research facilities in the U.S ? Where was
    Foscavir developed?

    Mats Winberg
    Ericsson Telecom
    Stockholm, Sweden
    etxmow@tore.ericsson.se

Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: pyramid.pyramid.com.pyramid.com!portal!cup.portal.com!Neon@pyramid.pyramid.com.pyramid.com
Subject: Re: The Myth of Heterosexual AIDS
Note: Copyright 1992, Dan R. Greening. Non-commercial reproduction allowed.
Archive-Number: 5939
Organization: unspecified
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 92 22:00:40 PDT

In an article, 8/18/92 16:26 34/1608 sheaffer@netcom.com (Robert Sheaffer
writes:

>.......... The drug users themselves are at extremely great risk of
>infection, and their partners are at somewhat less risk, but still
>an unacceptably high level.
>
>However, because of the extremely low incidence of female-to-male
>transmission, HIV infection will NOT escape into the general
>heterosexual population in great numbers because of this. Most of the (male)
>IV drug users will eventually die of AIDS, many of their (female)
>partners will, but few if any other non-drug-users will catch it from
>them, even if the HIV+ girlfriend of the drug user has sex with
>other men. So the mechanism for an epidemic in the heterosexual
>population is not in place.

As someone who now is living with HIV disease, it saddens me to see
people making assumptions that certain groups are safe from infection.
AIDS as we now know is a sexually transmitted disease.  It can also
be spread by blood to blood contact as when IV drug users share needles.

I know this information, though simple, is hard to assimilate because
it implies a change in behaviour which is difficult.

In the early years of the epidemic in the gay community, denial was
rampant even when the facts began to make themselves known.  If you
only slept with people you met at social occasions, only had x number
of partners a year or asked about a persons sexual history beforehand,
or was always a "top" and never a "bottom" partner you would be spared
from the disease.  Unfortunately, some of these kinds of assumptions
were spread by the media at the time.

AIDS is a difficult disease to fight because there are strong basic 
instincts working to spread the disease, there is no known cure, and
also because there is such a long (maybe 10 years on average) incubation
period.  When we in the gay community were making all those convenient
assumptions 10 years ago, we had no idea how common the virus already
was amongst ourselves.

We had our "Magic Johnson's" in the gay community years ago and sadly
assumed that only super the promiscuous were going to get sick. I
guess that heterosexuals in the US are somehow protected unlike
heterosexuals in Asia and Africa where mysteriously millions are
already infected and suffering.

The sooner people of all groups take their heads out of the sand and
face the seriousness of the risks, the better the chances of preventing
this plague from spreading to them.

Tony Bruder - neon@cup.portal.com
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: acase@reed.edu (Andrew Case)
Subject: Saran Wrap
Followup-To: sci.med.aids
Note: non-commercial reproduction.
Keywords: safe sex, saran wrap, oral sex, HIV
Archive-Number: 5897
Organization: Reed College, Portland, OR
Date: Fri, 14 Aug 1992 18:26:35 GMT

	I have seen a number of references to the use of Saran Wrap
in oral sex as a means of preventing HIV transmission. A few weeks
ago, I read that the pores in Saran Wrap are sufficiently large to 
allow the passage of HIV through the plastic. Unfortunately, I 
failed to note the source of this information. Could people
please post or email me any information they have on this topic? 
I am interested in _all_ information, no matter what the source. 
However, I am most interested in information originating from NIH, 
WHO, or other organizations likely to be somewhat paranoid in checking
their facts.

Thanks.
Andrew Case
acase@reed.edu
From: eblanco@conicit.ve (Enrique Blanco A. (Hosp. J.M. Rios))
Subject: Federal Guidelines
Note: non-commercial reproduction.
Archive-Number: 5889
Organization: UCLA, Computer Science Department
Date: Tue, 4 Aug 92 0:48:10 AST

How can I have a copy of the Federal guidelines regulating the conduct
of HIV-positive health-care workers ?
We want to help medical students with AIDS.

Enrique Blanco, Caracas

This messaje was posted one week ago, I have not recived any help yet,
may be I have to be more explicit or perhaps, we use the newsgroup
mainly as a massaje to our ego; is fine to said " Today in Amsterdam
they .....".
A medical student with AIDS is having problems with some doctors in
the the Ob/gyn Department, We know the declarations of the WHO and
others, but for us "Federal Guidelines regulating ......" sound heavy,
and to discuss with Ob/gyn people (at least here), you need especific,
not general documents.
If someone can give me the reference or fax it, please let me know.

Thanks

Enrique Blanco, Caracas, Venezuela
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: bhjelle%carina.unm.edu@lynx.unm.edu
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
Subject: Re: The Myth of Heterosexual AIDS
Date: 19 Aug 92 21:16:38 GMT
Organization: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
Note: Copyright 1992, Dan R. Greening. Non-commercial reproduction allowed.
Archive-Number: 5936

In article <1992Aug19.193032.17472@cs.ucla.edu> sheaffer@netcom.com (Robert Sheaffer) writes:
>
>However, because of the extremely low incidence of female-to-male
>transmission, HIV infection will NOT escape into the general
>heterosexual population in great numbers because of this. Most of the (male)
>IV drug users will eventually die of AIDS, many of their (female)
>partners will, but few if any other non-drug-users will catch it from
>them, even if the HIV+ girlfriend of the drug user has sex with
>other men. So the mechanism for an epidemic in the heterosexual
>population is not in place.
>
Worldwide, the overwhelming majority of HIV infection occurs in non-IDU
heterosexuals. It is expected that women with AIDS will outnumber
men within the next 10 years or so.

In the U.S., there have been 5521 cases of AIDS among male heterosexual
non-IDUs. 1144 cases occurred in settings in which a risk category
is unknown or nonexistant for the HIV-positive female partner.

Among women there have been 8524 cases of AIDS due to heterosexual
contact, and in 1393 of those cases the risk behavior of the male
partner was unknown or nonexistant.

By the best existing data, at least 5521 men have contracted HIV
through sex with a woman. The true number is much higher because
of the well-known lag time between infection and AIDS.

There are lots of female users of IV drugs. The scenario above
ignores that fact. 2239 men have developed AIDS after having
sex with an IDU woman.

There is a profound desire on the part of straight men to believe
they are not at risk. I think the numbers would argue that such
confidence is inappropriate. But a much bigger objection to the
above scenario is that the poster seems content that heterosexual
spread is unimportant as long as it puts only women at risk.

Last time I checked they were >50% of the "general population"
of non-IDU heterosexuals.

Brian
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: tedr@athena.cs.uga.edu (Ted Kalivoda)
Subject: Re: The Myth of Heterosexual AIDS (was Re: CDC Summary 8/12/92)
Note: Copyright 1992, Dan R. Greening. Non-commercial reproduction allowed.
Archive-Number: 5952
Organization: University of Georgia, Athens
Date: Fri, 21 Aug 1992 17:18:26 GMT

>In article <1992Aug18.011352.2577@cs.ucla.edu> bhjelle%carina.unm.edu@lynx.unm.edu writes:

>> And there are plenty of men who will
>>mislead partners about past drug use or homosexual activity.

This is a problem the media has not touched, nor the federal advertising
commision.  I bet if the feds put some ads on tv a lot more women would be
cautious in finding out more on the men they get invovled with.

Why don't we deal with these problems like adults?

T. Kalivoda
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: bhjelle%carina.unm.edu@lynx.unm.edu
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
Subject: Re: % HIV+ test in x Weeks of contact with virus??
Date: 21 Aug 92 13:51:31 GMT
Organization: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
Note: Copyright 1992, Dan R. Greening. Non-commercial reproduction allowed.
Archive-Number: 5948

In article <1992Aug20.205344.11719@cs.ucla.edu> molly@krang.vis.citri.edu.au (Mark Ollila) writes:
>
>Some people said that the you should wait from 2 weeks to 6 months
>before you can be sure that the test result is conclusive.
>
>The query I have now is:
>
>What percentage of people are tested positive after x weeks of
>the sexual encounter with a HIV+ person.
>
>Something like
>xx % after 1 day
>xx % after 1 week
>xx % after 1 month
>etc.... is something I hope for in answers.
>
See the Lancet from September 16, 1989, pg 637.

It is hard to get enough patients to generate the kind of statistical
precision required to answer your question. The reference above 
suggests that 95% will seroconvert by 6 mo, and 50% by 2.1 mo.

However, there have been significant improvements in the HIV
screening test since this article came out. The intervals today
should be much shorter.

Brian
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: root@cpp.uucp (Rich Bauer)
Subject: Trental
Note: Copyright 1992, Dan R. Greening. Non-commercial reproduction allowed.
Keywords: Trental
Archive-Number: 5945
Organization: Critical Path Project
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 1992 22:55:15 GMT

What are the side effects of Trental?

Can it be used with other medications or is there conflict?

-- 
Rich Bauer	   	   |	UUCP...!dsinc!jabber!phlpa!cpp!rich
Critical Path Project Inc  |	or.....rich@cpp.UUCP
Philadelphia PA            |    Public Access, News & Mail Feeds Available

Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: bevans%carina.unm.edu@lynx.unm.edu (Mathemagician)
Subject: Request for Info on HIV
Note: Copyright 1992, Dan R. Greening. Non-commercial reproduction allowed.
Archive-Number: 5919
Organization: Society for the Preservation of E. coli
Date: Tue, 18 Aug 92 13:06:14 GMT

I am currently in a thread in soc.men where I have brought up a
statistic that about three-quarters of the cases of HIV transmission,
world-wide, were through heterosexual intercourse.

I recall seeing this statistic broadcast over all the news networks
(CNN, NBC, ABC, CBS, newspapers, radio...) but do not have a hard
citation.

The person with whom I am having this conversation does not believe
this statistic and asks for a citation.  As part of this denial, he
also claims that there has yet to be any documented cases of
female-to-male transmission of HIV.

Thus, if you could send me citations (as many as possible) documenting
the 75% figure and/or the female-to-male transmission, I would be most
grateful.

-- 
Brian Evans                |     "Bad mood, bad mood...Sure I'm in a bad mood!
bevans@carina.unm.edu      |      I haven't had sex...*EVER!*" -- Virgin Mary
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids
From: sheppamj@sun.soe.clarkson.edu (Matthew Sheppard)
Subject: WHERE ARE THE CDC SUMMARIES?
Note: Copyright 1992, Dan R. Greening. Non-commercial reproduction allowed.
Keywords: CDC, AIDS
Archive-Number: 5935
Organization: Clarkson University
Date: Wed, 19 Aug 1992 14:37:01 GMT

For the past two weeks I have been reading the Center for Disease
Control newsletters which contained up to date articles from very
reputiable sources.

Does anyone know where they came from or if there going to be back on
this newsgroup?  I would like to read them and have several people of
whome some are working in AIDS related programs at a nearby university
whome I feel were greatly profiting from reading these articles.

--
| Matthew Sheppard  CLARKSON UNIVERSITY  sheppamj@sun.soe.clarkson.edu |
| I'd rather have a bottle in front of me than a frontal lobotomy.ANoN |
| I don't want a pickle. DoD#477 TEP#477 RIDE FREE (8^]..etcetera..    |
Newsgroups: sci.med.aids