From: Dieter Britz <BRITZ@kemi.aau.dk>
Subject: CNF bibliography update (total now 781 papers, 117 patents/appl.).
Reply-To: Dieter Britz <BRITZ@kemi.aau.dk>
Organization: Sci.physics.fusion/Mail Gateway
Date: Mon, 25 Jan 1993 15:40:37 GMT


ATTENTION GOODLIFE!
We have three new papers here, plus a report.
Qiu et al used positron annihilation, a novel tool, to look for evidence of
cnf, without success. Then Robert et al (again) describe their nifty fast
neutron detector and set an upper limit to cnf at below Jones+ levels
(although I am not sure where Jones+ levels now lie, after Kamiokande).

The star of this update is Quickenden and our very own Green; this is Todd's
Ph.D. work. He has done a good job and, while not getting down to Tom Droege's
error levels, 1.5% is about the best that can be achieved with that kind of
cell. This definitely goes into my "quality work" list, as a negative - Todd
did not find any excess heat, neither in the short nor the long term; i.e. no
bursts, no integrated excess. The measured points lie beautifully around the
input power line, deviating by less than the known error. As the authors
point out, if there IS an effect hidden by the noise level, then it is too
small to be of interest. Good stuff, Todd, and I look forward to a paper on
loading measurement.

Finally, Bruce Lewenstein, lurking behind the scenes of this group, has
studied the role of electronic media and written a report. As I don't put
reports into my bibliography, this will not be archived but it might interest
a lot of people, and Bruce is too modest (or is that lurky?) to tell you
himself, so I include it below. Cold fusion features as an example, and
although many people feel (I think) that email and fax played an important
role in information dissemination in the field, there seems to be little
concrete evidence that it has changed research patterns on the whole. Bruce
must of course stick to what has been documented, but I think the report has
underestimated the effect. Certainly a lot of people have benefitted from the
easy access to information, and it has - I am sure - speeded up their research.
You can get quick advice, for example, on how to use some technique - just ask
whether anyone knows where to get, or how to use, some gadget, and someone is
sure to know all about it. You "meet" people. I have yet to meet Terry, but
we regard each other as friends, and the same goes for a number of people.
These contacts are more than trivial, I have had good useful advice from Terry
and Frank Close and Bill (lurk-mode) Johnson. I was even going to have a
coauthor of a forthcoming paper, again someone I have met only by email. This
did not work out but for other reasons than communication difficulties. These
things are hard to document, though, and we can't blame Bruce for that. The
report is no doubt available to anyone who wants it, just ask your librarian.
                                                                        Dieter
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                     COLD NUCLEAR FUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY
                     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                           Additions 25-Jan-1993
                   Dieter Britz alias britz@kemi.aau.dk
                     Total no. of journal papers: 781



Journal articles; files cnf-pap1..6
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Qiu WC, Dong QH, Gan FX, Wang SJ;         Mat. Sci. Forum 105-110 (1992) 1961.
"PAS studies on the new topic: Cold nuclear fusion".
** The behaviour of H and D in palladium hydride might be analogous to
positrons in electric flows, so positron annihilation spectroscopy might be a
useful tool. By this method, as well as by the electrochemical hydrogen
permeation (EHP) method, the behaviour of H and D in Pd were compared. The Pd
plates (15*15*2 mm**3) were annealed at 550 C for 8 h, and electrolysis
carried out in 0.5 M LiOH/D for 5 h at 800 mA. An Ortec lifetime spectrometer
with a fast-fast coincidence system and BaF2 detectors was used, with a (22)Na
source, for 1E06 counts. Results are that H and D behave in nearly the same
way; both change one of the PAS parameters (tau1) but this can be attributed
to volume changes and not to crack formation, since the value recovered after
final annealing. No cold fusion effects were observed.
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Quickenden TI, Green TA;                 J. Electroanal. Chem. 344 (1993) 167.
"A calorimetric study of the electrolysis of D2O and H2O at palladium
cathodes".
** A very thorough calorimetric study, with  5 series of 4 experiments each,
always comparing heavy and light water electrolysis in the same bath and, as
far as possible, the same conditions. Variously (un)treated Pd rods and wires
were used, in 0.1 M LiOH(D) and in one case 0.25 M Li2SO4. Gases produced were
vented, so the cells were of the "open" type. Calorimetry was by means of a
cooling coil, measuring the difference between inlet and outlet temperature.
This kept cell temperature down and provided a very accurate calibration of
cell power, independent of electrolyte volume. Charging was carried out prior
to calorimetry, at low current to avoid fracturing of the palladium.
Experiments were continued over a period of up to 6 weeks, and careful error
analysis showed an error level in of 1.5% cell power. Results were within this
limit at all times, so no excess (or deficit) heat was observed. Apr-92/Jan-93
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Roberts DA, Becchetti FD, Ashktorab K, Stewart D, Jaenecke J, Gustafson HR,
Dueweke MJ;                           IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 39(4) (1992) 532.
"Deuterated liquid scintillator (NE230) as a fast neutron detector for cold-
fusion and other research".
** NE230 scintillator detectors with deuterium can provide neutron spectra
without time of flight, unlike the type NE213. The authors report the use of
these. They are small and and have good collection efficiency and n-gamma
discrimination. One of these was used around a cold fusion electrolysis cell,
with a Pd wire and a 13 g Pd casting. An upper limit for the fusion rate of
<7E-24 fusions/s/dd-pair was measured. In another experiment, Ti sponge was
charged from the gas phase at liquid nitrogen temperature, and here the upper
fusion limit was <3E-24 fusions/s/d-d-pair. No comment is made.
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Report (not filed):
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Lewenstein B; Office of Technology Assessment, OTA Contractor Rept. 29-Dec-92,
"The changing culture of research: Communication technologies and knowledge
transfer".
** This examines the role of relatively recent communication technology such
as telefax and email (and its offspring, bulletin boards or NEWS groups) on
progress in science. The cold fusion saga is used as an example, and the
sci.phycics.fusion NEWS group is under special scrutiny as an example. BL
concludes that while there is increased awareness of developments, there is
little evidence of increased collaboration between people as a result of these
communication techniques. They will not replace face-to-face interaction.
Nevertheless, researchers will increasingly require access to electronic
media.
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Dieter Britz alias britz@kemi.aau.dk
Kemisk Institut, Aarhus Universitet, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Newsgroups: sci.physics.fusion