From: cshi@cs.ulowell.edu (Chunde Shi)
Subject: Re: 500,000 to be settled in Xinjiang [forwarded article]
Organization: University of Massachusetts at Lowell
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 1992 06:14:44 GMT

In article <9212100316.AA14681@ncsuvx.ncsu.edu> PNCSPPC@ccvax1.cc.ncsu.edu writes:
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>Subject: 500,000 to be settled in Xinjiang
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>TIN News Update / 8 December, 1992b / total no of pages: 2
> 
>China to move Half A Million Settlers to Xinjiang
> 
>Beijing plans to send nearly half a million Chinese people to settle in the
>Kashgar area of Xinjiang, according to China's official English-language
>newspaper, China Daily.
> 
>The newspaper announced on 5th December that the area had been chosen to
>re-settle half of the one million people who will be displaced by China's
>Three Gorges dam project, which will block the Yangtse in Hubei Province.
> 
>Uighur exiles from Xinjiang, situated in the far west of China, have reacted
>strongly to news of Beijing's plan and say the announcement may lead to
>unrest in the region.
> 
>One prominent East Turkestani exile activist, Erkin Alptekin, chair of the
>East Turkestan Association in Europe, said yesterday that he and his fellow
>Uighur, Kazakh and Kirgiz exiles were "horrified" by the news.
> 
>There is already daily conflict on the streets of Kashgar between the two
>communities, according to Mr Alptekin, whose father was the head of the
>short-lived independent Eastern Turkestan Republic before the Chinese
>take-over in 1949. "I think this plan will worsen the situation there and I
>assume some trouble might start", he said.
> 
>Chinese authorities in Kashgar prefecture have said that if the dam goes
>ahead they will immediately accept 100,000 Chinese, and eventually will be
>able to absorb 470,000 settlers, according to the China Daily report.
>Kashgar prefecture will invest 350 million dollars to build housing for the
>resettled Chinese.
> 
>The plan to resettle the evacuees in Xinjiang may be motivated by concern
>about the growth of the pro-independence movement in East Turkestan since
>the emergence of the independent Central Asian republics, several of which
>are peopled by Turkic Muslims and have shared borders with Xinjiang,
>according to exiles.
> 
>The indigenous population of Xinjiang are all Turkic Muslims, predominantly
>Uighurs. The Chinese population has increased 23 times over, going from some
>300,000 in 1949 to 7 million in 1990, so that it now outnumbers the Uighurs,
>who have dropped from 75% to 40% of the population in the last forty years.
> 
>The East Turkestan Association in Europe issued a statement yesterday from
>its office in Munich calling on the international community "to take
>immediate steps which would prevent the peoples of Eastern Turkestan from
>having to choose between national extinction through gradual assimilation or
>a mortal struggle to defend their own identity by heroic resistance".
> 
>One Kazakh exile in Europe said he was distraught when he heard the news. "I
>don't know what I can do", he said. "I feel like crying". He asked to remain
>anonymous in order to protect his relatives, who live in the Kashgar area.
> 
>UN Condemns Population Transfer
> 
>China will find that international attitudes to mass population transfer
>have hardened significantly since they last made a public announcement of
>this kind.
> 
>The practice has always been considered illegal when it is committed in an
>occupied country, as laid down in the 4th Geneva Convention, Article 49, but
>the United Nations is now in the process of re-classifying the practice as a
>serious violation wherever it occurs.
> 
>Britain's Prime Minister John Major, in a statement on behalf of the Special
>UN Summit in January 1990, recognised "mass internal displacements" as a
>"situation which can threaten international peace and security", and the
>UN's Legal Committee is presently considering a code which defines
>compulsory population transfer as an "international crime".
> 
>In August 1992 the UN Sub-Commission on Human Rights recognised that
>"practices of population transfer constitute a violation of fundamental
>rights" and appointed for the first time two Special Rapporteurs to prepare
>a study on the issue.
> 
>The study is due to be presented to the UN in August 1993 and will make
>proposals by which the UN can "take effective further action on the issue".
> 
> 
>History of Resettlement
> 
>The Chinese authorities have a long history of using mass population
>transfer to control non-Chinese peoples and to police border areas. In the
>1890s under the Qing Dynasty hundreds of thousands of Chinese settlers were
>moved to Manchuria to strengthen the border with Russia.
> 
>In 1954 the Communist Party formed a special organisation consisting of
>de-mobbed Chinese soldiers, called the Production and Construction Corps, to
>settle the areas of Xinjiang that bordered the Soviet Union.
> 
>By 1989 the nearly two million former soldiers and their families in the
>Corps had founded 170 cities and 2,000 villages in Xinjiang, according to
>the Army paper, Beijing Jiefangjun Bao, on 10th March 1989. The settlers now
>produce over 20% of the annual production of the region, and are still
>receiving regular military training, said the paper. -end -
This kinds of thing appeared in the West hardens a lot of Chinese, other wise
with nuetral, or negative view on CCP, to be in solidarity with CCP. What do
those Westeners want? 1890s China's ruling family was Manchurans, and send
people to mancura in the defence of China and Manchrians's interest. 
The time span of Chiese possed territory is longer than those so called
"democracies" existed. What do they want? 

Xref: sparky soc.culture.china:32406 soc.culture.taiwan:16066