HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: merlyn@ora.com (Randal L. Schwartz)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: Re: Temporary /dev/audio shutoff, how?
Date: 5 Oct 92 01:15:38 GMT
Distribution: comp.unix.questions
Organization: Stonehenge Consulting Services; Portland, Oregon, USA

In article <1992Oct3.144612.8593@Princeton.EDU> spencer@phoenix.Princeton.EDU (S. Spencer Sun) writes:
   You could create a named pipe to which only you have write permission.
   Then continuously cat from this named pipe into /dev/audio.  Since only
   one process can have /dev/audio open for writing at a time, no one else
   can write to it.  Also, if YOU want to write to it, all you have to do
   is write into the named pipe instead (you need some sort of loop to cat
   from the pipe into /dev/audio again once you've sent something through
   the pipe).

Foo.  Why bring in a chainsaw when a simple carving knife will do:

	sleep 30000 >/dev/audio

Sheesh. :-)

(OK, in perl it'd be:  perl -e 'sleep 30000' >/dev/audio  :-)

Just another Unix hacker,
--
Randal L. Schwartz / Stonehenge Consulting Services (503)777-0095
merlyn@reed.edu (guest account) merlyn@ora.com (better for permanent record)
cute quote: "Welcome to Portland, Oregon -- home of the California Raisins!"
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: ck@VOA.GOV (Chris Kern)
Subject: Re: What does 'daemon' mean?
Keywords: daemon
Organization: Voice of America
Date: Tue, 29 Sep 1992 00:30:15 GMT

Anyone know the actual derivation of "daemon?"  Is it a Multicism?
Who coined it?

-- 
Chris Kern     ck@voa.gov     ...uunet!voa3!ck     +1 202-619-2020
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: bob@snuffy.dracut.ma.us (Bob Smith)
Subject: how to 'fake' setsid() ?
Organization: Fuzzball Widget Factory
Distribution: usa
Date: Sun, 27 Sep 1992 06:05:38 GMT

Hello,

I run a Sun on OS 3.5; consequently, I don't have setsid() in my library.
Does anyone have a good method of 'faking' setsid()???

I'm currently using:

	close(0);
	close(1);
	close(2);
	setpgrp(0, getpid());

but I'm not sure that's the correct approach... since the program I'm
'porting' doesn't seem to work correctly yet...

Thanks...

-- 
 \ Bob Smith               \ mx: bob@snuffy.dracut.ma.us
  \ 1215 Pawtucket Blvd. #4 \ uucp: ...{ulowell|wang|wybbs}!snuffy!bob
   \ Lowell, MA. 01854       \ office && voice mail: +1 508 670-6712
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: tony@nexus.yorku.ca (Anthony Wallis)
Subject: Printer's _devil_ (was: 'daemon') 
Organization: York University
Date: Sun, 4 Oct 1992 13:35:11 GMT

Tom O. Barron (tob@raider.raidernet.com) :
>  .. daemon used to describe a continuously available background process
> came from the phrase "printer's daemon".  When manually operated
> presses were the state of the art for printing, printers would have a
> helper, usually a teenage boy, for doing odd jobs, freeing up the
> expert's time for more important tasks.  Such a person was called
> a printer's daemon. .. 

Nice theory, but there's a hole in it.
The term is/was "printers' _devil_" and it is/was just the argot for
apprentice.  My brother was a such a beast when he started in the print
trade.  He became the boss of the "chapel" (argot for union local).
I never heard the variant "printer's *d(a)emon".
[Come to think of it, I don't recall an example of a reverse case
 - the variant "Maxwell's *devil" in thermodynamics.]
This was the U.K., but only "printer's devil" is in my Am. Her. Dict.

(Any US ex-devils out there want to correct me ?)

It's worth noting that, apart from the obvious theological negative
connotation, "devil" can mean "a person who is energetic, mischievous,
daring, or clever" and has often been applied, in a context of
affectionate tolerance, to young boys.  In the past (and perhaps now)
such "devils" would gravitate towards apprenticeship in a skilled-trade
guild.
The word "d(a)emon" has also, of course, been, er, demonised by
christian theology, but has, as others have pointed out, an older (and
still current amoung the educated with classical affectations) meaning
of "an attendant spirit".  It also has a nuance of "one who is
extremely zealous, skillful or engrossed in an activity" (as in
possessed by a demon), which is not quite the same as the nuance of
"devil" above.

--
tony@nexus.yorku.ca = Tony Wallis, York University, Toronto, Canada
From: jspear@Pt.hq.af.mil (Sandy Spear)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: Re: Concatenating Lines of Files
Date: 26 Sep 92 12:30:54 GMT
Organization: Headquarters Air Force, The Pentagon Washington, DC

iva@jet.riga.lv (Andrei Ivanov) writes:

>fsars@acad3.alaska.edu (Allen R Sparks) writes:
>: I am trying to concatenate two files "side by side".  That is, I want
>: the output of the 1st line of file1 and file2 to concatenate, the
>: 2nd line of file1 and file2, ....... and the nth line of file1 and
>: file2.


... you might like to try the `paste` cmd
						.sig --------->

Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: dmturne@ptsfa.PacBell.COM (Dave Turner)
Subject: Re: The origin of the word 'superuser'
Reply-To: dmturne@PacBell.COM (Dave Turner)
Organization: Pacific * Bell, San Ramon, CA
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 1992 20:43:43 GMT
Keywords: superuser substitute user su history 

In article <1992Oct5.221326.27971@athena.mit.edu> herrera@athena.mit.edu (Ramon F Herrera) writes:
>I claim (because I read it somewhere) that the meaning
>of the command "su" is and has always been "Substitute User"
>and that this command has always had one argument, but by default,
>when you don't provide the argument, it is as if you had typed
>"su root".  Systems administrators always preferred the
>shorter version and the word "superuser" came from there.
>
>A friend of mine who has more years of experience
>claims that he remembers when Unix was young
>that the meaning of "su" was super-user and that
>in those days the command "su" was used only
>to become superuser (it didn't take any arguments).
>
>Who is right? Can you provide references?
>

My oldest complete UNIX manual is the:

	   UNIX Programmer's Manual
		Sixth Edition
		K. Thompson
		D. M. Ritchie
		May, 1975

In it the man page for su says:

SU(VIII)			10/31/73		SU(VIII)

NAME
	su - become privileged user

SYNOPSIS

	su

DESCRIPTION
	Su allows one to become the super-user, who has all sorts of
	marvelous (and correspondingly dangerous) powers. In order for
	su to do its magic, the user must supply a password. If the
	password is correct, su will execute the Shell with the UID
	set to that of the super-user. To restore normal UID
	privileges, type an end-of-file to the super-user Shell.

	The password demanded is that of the entry "root" in the
	system's password file.

	To remind the super-user of his responsibilities, the Shell
	substitutes '#' for its usual prompt '%'.

SEE ALSO
	sh(I)

A PWB/UNIX User's Manual Edition 1.0 dated May, 1977 shows the su
command moved to section (I) and includes an optional name as 
argument to allow becoming any user.

The description remains:

	su - become privileged user

which was then incorrect.
The SYNOPSIS was

	su [ name ]

The PWB/UNIX User's Manual Release 2.0 dated June, 1979 changed
the description to:

	su - become super-user or another user

and added additional arguments:

	su [ - ] [ name ] [ arg ... ] ]


The concept of the super-user goes back much earlier.

A Bell Labs Technical Memorandum for File by D. M. Ritchie on
The UNIX Time-Sharing System dated December 29, 1971 
(which later was revised and published in the CACM July, 1974) says:

	"The system recognizes one particular user-ID (that of
	the "super-user") as exempt from the usual constraints
	on file access; thus (for example) programs may be
	written to dump and reload the file system without
	unwanted interference from the protection system."

-- 
Dave Turner	(510) 823-2001	{att,bellcore,sun,ames,decwrl}!pacbell!dmturne
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: rhenders@areyes.com (Robert K. Hendershot)
Subject: File Distribution Package
Organization: Areyes, Inc.
Distribution: usa
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 1992 12:53:24 GMT

I need help locating a productized package for
file distribution from a UNIX-SVR4 platform.

Similar products on UNIX are Tuxedo at
AT&T, and some others, but these are
much more than is needed to distribute
files and programs from UNIX. A similar
product in the PC-world is Xcellenet.
Does Xcellenet run on any UNIX systems
in the server mode?

Thanks in advance.

	[oO]
	/{}\
	 ^^   
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: bob@cliff.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (Bob Palermo)
Subject: select(), FIFOs, and ULTRIX
Organization: Image Analysis Systems Group, JPL
Date: Tue, 6 Oct 1992 23:49:20 GMT

I am experiencing a discrepancy between the way SunOS 4.1.2 and 
ULTRIX V4.2 behave when select() is used with a FIFO file descriptor.
The scenario is as follows:

CASE1:
    -  Create fifo using mkfifo
    -  Open fifo for READING with flags O_RDONLY and O_NDELAY
    -  Call select() to await pending read on the fifo

CASE2:
    -  Create fifo using mkfifo
    -  Open fifo for READING with flags O_RDONLY and O_NDELAY
>>>>-  Open fifo for WRITING with flags O_WRONLY and O_NDELAY <<<<<<<<<<
    -  Call select() to await pending read on the fifo

On a Sun SPARCstation running SunOS 4.1.2, both these cases produce the 
same result: the select() call doesn't return unless either the timer 
expires or a process writes to the FIFO.

On a VAXstation 3100 running ULTRIX V4.2, the two cases produce different
results.  In the first case, in which the FIFO is only opened for reading,
the select() call returns immediately indicating that the FIFO has a
pending read (when in fact no process has written to it). In the second
case, when this process opens the fifo for both reading and writing, it
doesn't return until either the timer has expired or a process has written 
to the FIFO.

Below is a sample program which demonstrates the problem. Under ULTRIX
if the open() for write access is removed from the program below, the 
select() call returns immediately indicating a pending read.

Why does process need to open the FIFO for both reading and writing on
ULTRIX ??


Please respond via email to 
bob@woody.jpl.nasa.gov

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
main(argc,argv)
int  argc;
char *argv[];
{
    int fifo_r, fifo_w, status;
    fd_set read_set;
    struct timeval timeout;


    if (mkfifo("/tmp/example.fifo", 0666) < 0) {
	perror("fifo create");
	exit(1);
    }

    if ((fifo_r = open("/tmp/example.fifo", O_RDONLY | O_NDELAY)) < 0) {
	perror("fifo open");
	exit(1);
    }

    /*************************************************************/
    /* If this open (for write) is not done the select() doesn't */
    /* function correctly                                        */
    /*************************************************************/
    if ((fifo_w = open("/tmp/example.fifo", O_WRONLY | O_NDELAY)) < 0) {
	perror("fifo open");
	exit(1);
    }

    timeout.tv_sec = 10;
    timeout.tv_usec = 0;

    for (;;) {
	FD_ZERO(&read_set);
	FD_SET(fifo_r,&read_set);

	status = select(FD_SETSIZE, &read_set, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
	if (status > 0) {
	    if (FD_ISSET(fifo_r,&read_set)) {
		printf("fifo read pending\n");
	    }
	}
	else if (status == 0) {
	    printf("Fifo Timer expired\n");
	}
	else {
	    perror("select");
	}
    }
}
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: dyang@isl.Stanford.EDU (David Yang)
Subject: Print files using printers belong  to a different workstation?
Organization: Stanford University
Date: Wed, 30 Sep 92 11:07:34 GMT

Dear netters:
	I need help on lpr. Say I have two unix accounts on two different
workstations (they are in two different departments). Both workstations
have their own printers. Often, I want to print some big postscript files(big
by bytes but not by page) on one workstation by using printers on another
workstation. How can I do this? For example, I have printer1 connected to
account1 on workstation1 and printer2 connected to account2 on workstation2.
When I try 'lpr -s Pprinter2 <somefile in account1>', the computer would
complain that it does not know printer2. (NOTE than the reason I want to do
this is because the files to be printed are too large so I don't have space
to transfer the file to the other account.). 
	I also tried 'lpr -s workstation2:Pprinter2 <somefile in account1>',
the computer complained that it could not access the prnter. This makes sense
since even this kind of printing is possible, at least I should enter somee
kind of password between the machines to show that I am authorized to use the
other printer. Could someone kindly tell me how to do this? Also, is there 
anyway to set up SYMBOLIC LINKS between files on different workstations
(assuming that the workstations are distant so that they don't share files).
Please help! (I have been helped before. Hi Todd!)

Thank you very much!

Sincerely yours,

Dave Yang
.
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions,comp.unix.misc
From: sellings@tasman.cc.utas.edu.au (Simon Peter Ellingsen)
Subject: NEEDED - Suggestions for mail tool
Summary: Need advice on best unix GUI/command line mail tool
Keywords: mail
Organization: University of Tasmania, Australia.
Date: Mon, 28 Sep 1992 18:18:13 GMT


I am about to make the big transition from VMS to UNIX and am after
suggestions on a good UNIX mail utility.

I have access to a Sun Sparc Station, but not all the time, so I 
am looking for something which will run both under OpenWindows (ver 2)
or X R5 and also at the command line from a VT100 type terminal.
Does such a beast exist?

I have looked at the OpenWindows mailtool, but it doesn't seem that you
can operate that outside OpenWindows and that seems to be the only GUI
mail utility on the system.  So could you please also tell me where I 
can get a copy of any of these utilities you suggest.

Email responses would be appreciated, Thanks in advance.

				Simon Ellingsen
				Physics Department
				University of Tasmania

				email : ellingsen@physvax.phys.utas.edu.au
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: fr@compu.com (Fred Rump from home)
Subject: Re: SCO questions, where to start?
Organization: CompuData Inc.
Distribution: na
Date: Sat, 26 Sep 1992 15:46:34 GMT

msbasel@eos.ncsu.edu (Mark S. Basel) writes:


>I've got several questions concerning SCO Unix and I'm not sure where
>to start or what newsgroups and/or ftp sites to look at.   Would those
>of you using SCO unix please give me some hints as to where to start??

Why not try reading and/or posting to biz.sco.general?
fred
-- 
W. Fred Rump 	office:	   fred@COMPU.COM     'mans feet have grown/so big 
26 Warren St.   home: fred@icdi10.compu.com  that he/forgets his littleness'
Beverly, NJ. 08010                          		Don Marquis 
609-386-6846    bang:uunet!cdin-1!icdi10!fr
From: sam@hpuerca.atl.hp.com (steven michalove(site it))
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: Re: undelete files by inode fiddling
Date: 1 Oct 92 15:55:16 GMT
Organization: the HP Response Center, Atlanta

/ hpuerca:comp.unix.questions / james@sol1.poly-east-london.ac.uk (Semiotic Liberation Front) /  1:44 am  Sep 25, 1992 /
Is there a utility program which can undelete files by restoring the inode
( or whatever it is that the disk pointers are called ) to the stuff you
just rm'd??

I just had a little mistake with some user areas....
----------

This may not be what you are "looking" for, but you can buy Norton for
Un*x.   This can unerase files, and other nifty   stuff..

Steven (not selling) M.
From: capistra@andromeda.rutgers.edu (M P Capistrano)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: 'FINGER'
Date: 5 Oct 92 18:34:40 GMT
Organization: Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, N.J.


I don't know if this has been asked already...

How would you know if someone is "finger"ing your
username?
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: estlink@csws19.ic.sunysb.edu ()
Subject: .forward
Originator: estlink@csws19.ic.sunysb.edu
Organization: State University of New York at Stony Brook
Date: Sun, 4 Oct 1992 06:36:34 GMT

   I have placed a forwarding e-mail address in my .forward file.  All
of the local mail from people at my site (ie the ic.sunysb.edu domain) gets
forwarded to the address, but any mail from off site does not.  Any ideas on
how I can get all of it forwarded?


-- 
                             EST-Link!
                             -=-=-=-=-
==           A project in cooperation with SUNY Stony Brook           ==
=+=               Department of Technology and Society               =+=
                        -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
                        estlink@ic.sunysb.edu
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: boone@psc.edu (Jon Boone)
Subject: Re: Perl Tutorial Book
Organization: Pittsburgh SuperComputing Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Date: Fri, 2 Oct 1992 04:10:25 GMT

In article <10891@sun13.scri.fsu.edu> nall@sun8.scri.fsu.edu (John
Nall) writes:
>   [much deleted]
>  
>   While I, personally, find the Camel book quite difficult to read
>   (and am eagerly looking forward to the Perl Tutorial Book), I
>   *will* have to admit, in all fairness, that there is a wealth
>   of information contained in the Camel book.  It is one of those
>   books which can be read over, and over, and over, and each time
>   some new information is gleaned.  (Kind of like the Bible :-) )
>
>--
>John W. Nall              | Supercomputer Computations Research Institute
>nall@mailer.scri.fsu.edu  | Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida

     Hmmm... I found the Camel book quite fun and easy to read.
   Coincidentally, I also happened to be a 2 1/2 year Unix
   user/programmer.  I think that "Learning Perl" will be great for
   some people I know who should know perl, but don't know so much
   about Unix. However, I really like a lot of the stuff that is
   included in the later chapters!

     Great work Larry & Randall!

	[Is Tchrist the 3rd author of "Learning Perl"?]


/*****************************************************************************/
/* Jon Boone  Network Systems Administrator Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center */
/* boone@psc.edu  iain+@cmu.edu  I'm a member of the LPF, how 'bout you?     */
/*    I don't speak for anyone other than myself, unless otherwise stated.   */
/*****************************************************************************/
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: jawil@hpx11.aid.no (Jan Roger Wilkens)
Subject: Expect
Organization: University of Oslo
Date: Sat, 26 Sep 1992 13:12:17 GMT

Could some kind sole please send me the bin file for expect for the HP Apollo
700 series??? I've tried for hours to compile it, but with no luck at all...
Please uuencode it and mail it to me...

-- 
                               Jan Roger Wilkens
                     Student at Agder Engeeniering School
                               Computer Technics

                           EMail: jawil@hpx11.aid.no
From: smr@pki-nbg.philips.de (Stephen Riehm)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
Subject: Re: crontab
Date: 1 Oct 92 10:33:12 GMT
Reply-To: smr@pki-nbg.philips.de

GEANEL@cn.laafb.af.mil writes:

>Hi there,
>    
>Currently I am trying to  have "cron"  run a C-shell script do daily 
>backups.  For some reason, neither the "setenv" nor the "source 
>.cshrc" commands can be run inside my script file whenever this script 
>file is invoked by the cron daemon.  In addition I noticed that whenever cron 
>runs this script file, the user id changes to my user id, but the 
>PATH variable changes to something different from what is 
>specified in my .cshrc file.    

since I can't see you script or your crontab entry, I am making a few
assumptions here, please excuse me if I assume wrong.

cron does the following with your job:
--- man crontab(1) ---
      The shell is invoked from your $HOME directory with an initial
      argument of sh.  Users who desire to have their .profile executed must
      explicitly do so in the crontab file.  cron supplies a default
      environment for every shell, defining HOME, LOGNAME, SHELL(=/bin/sh),
      and PATH(=:/bin:/usr/bin).
---

The source and setenv commands probably don't work in the crontab file
because:
    a> source and setenv are not sh commands
    b> the source and setenv are being run in a subshell and the
	effects are not being passed to the parent (which then calls
	your csh script)

So (avoiding all flame wars about which is the best shell to use) you
should either make your csh script executable with the first line
being:
#!/bin/csh

or, you should explicitly have:
* * * * * /bin/csh -c your.script

in your crontab file (change the *'s to your time spec)

or you could re-write the script in sh and it would be a little
simpler (although that wouldn't fix your path problem).

Also, if you REALLY want to be sure that your .cshrc is sourced, put
a source ~/.cshrc into your csh script.

catchya

-----------------------------------------------------------------
Stephen Riehm		Configuration Management	   _-_|\ 
smr@pki-nbg.philips.de	Philips Kommunikations Industrie  /     \
Work: +49 911 526 2975	N|rnberg, Germany		  \_.-.*/
Fax:  +49 911 526 2095	"I was there, now I am here!"	       v 
"My company speaks another language, I CAN'T speak on it's behalf"
Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
From: jdell@benazir.mit.edu (John Ellithorpe)
Subject: Re: What does "Subscript out of range " mean ?
Organization: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Date: Mon, 28 Sep 1992 22:09:15 GMT

On 28 Sep 92 19:29:01 GMT, AMARAL@fncrd0.fnal.gov (Jorge Luis M. do Amaral) said:

> Hi,
> 	I wrote a shell script that checks the number of parameters,
> something like that:

> 	if ($#argv !=3 ) then
> 		echo erro
> BTW, the comand is :

> 	xx parameter1 parameter2

> 	When I checked to see whether it works or not , i typed:

> 	xx and I got the error message:

> 	"Subscript out of range"

> 	Does anyone know why it happened ?

> 	Thanks ,
> 			-- Jorge (amaral@fnacp.fnal.gov)

This isn't very scientific, but I think csh has some problems if you don't put
spaces between the arguments and the ()'s.  I don't know why, but I find that
if I add spaces, things work better.

John
--

===============================================================================
John Ellithorpe                           | Internet: jdell@maggie.mit.edu
Dept. of Physics, Rm 26-349               | Phone   : (617) 253-3074  Office
Massachusetts Institute of Technology     |           (617) 253-3072  Lab
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