From: rdickel@cs.strath.ac.uk (Robert A Dickel IE91)
Newsgroups: rec.video.satellite
Subject: Satnews 095
Date: 18 Nov 92 17:05:16 GMT
Organization: Comp. Sci. Dept., Strathclyde Univ., Glasgow, Scotland.
Originator: rdickel@hunter-03


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                    incorporating TV Briefly

:----------------------Electronic Edition-----------------------:
:                                                               :
: Issue: 095 :-------:Published Biweekly:------: Date: 16/11/92 :
:                                                               :
:--------------(C) Copyright 1991,92 Darren Ingram--------------:
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IN THIS WEEK'S EDITION:

* UK DEMAND FOR DTH SLIDES DOWN AGAIN
* ESA GETS FUTURE SPACE MANDATE
* CHINA TO GET FIRST PAY PER VIEW SERVICE BY 1993
* INEXPENSIVE CHANNEL 5 DECODER INTRODUCED
* BBC CONSIDERS SECOND WSTV CHANNEL
* UK TO OPPOSE HDTV SUBSIDY
* BOOST FOR TURKEY'S PRIVATE TV SYSTEM
* BBC EXECUTIVE BASHS BSKYB LINK
* ISLAMIC TV PROJECT BEGINS
* BIGOT CRITICISES US OVER SATELLITE LAUNCHES
* HDTV TERRESTRIAL TRIALS
* CITY CABLE FRANCHISE REVIEWED
* INMARSAT OPTS FOR RUSSIAN LAUNCH
* IBM SETS UP MULTIMEDIA NEWS SERVICE
* SATELLITE DISCOVERS UNKNOWN FAULTS
* US NETWORKS BACKED ON SYNDICATION
* US SNG COMPANY TAKES SBS-6 TRANSPONDER
* AUSTRALIA PREPARES FOR PAY TV
* INTELSAT AGREES RELAXATION OF REGULATIONS
* SPY SATELLITES TO FOCUS ON FISHING FLEETS
* UK GOLD JUDGED AN INITIAL SUCCESS
* EQUITY THREATENS UK GOLD CHANNEL
* NEWS IN BRIEF
* EUROPEAN SIGHTINGS
* NORTH AMERICAN SIGHTINGS


UK DEMAND FOR DTH SLIDES DOWN AGAIN
Demand for satellite television receiving equipment fell in the UK during
October, according to the monthly Financial Times satellite monitor,
conducted by Continental Research.

      Sales of dishes were down compared to the previous year, and there is
no sign of a recovery before the end of the year. Around 71,000 dishes were
installed in October, compared to over 100,000 in October 1991.  There was
a brief upturn in sales compared to September, where 61,000 dishes were
sold.

      Satellite channels are now available in 3.08 million UK homes says
the survey.  The number of people who say that they will definitely or
probably install satellite television rose to 1.95 million homes.

ESA GETS FUTURE SPACE MANDATE
The European Space Agency has been given a wide-ranging mandate to continue
with its existing space programmes.

      A meeting of ministers at the Council of the European Space Agency
recently reaffirmed the commitment made at its Munich meeting for the
continuity and strengthening of European space policy, while adapting the
agency's strategy for its future space programmes.

      All ongoing projects will be reviewed in February 1995, where future
projects and funding will be discussed.  

      "The ministers were enthusiastic about the synergy existing with the
CEC on earth observation questions, Eutelsat and Eumetsat," said a
statement issued after the meeting.

CHINA TO HAVE FIRST PAY PER VIEW SERVICE BY 1993
A pay-per-view system is to be launched in East China's Anhui province,
marking a breakthrough in commercialism in the region.

      The system, designed jointly by the Shenzhen TV station, Shenzhen
Research Institute of Broadcast & TV Technology and the Abhui TV station,
will relay encrypted programming to viewers armed with a decoder and
authorised system.

      Initially the service will broadcast for 18 hours a day, with
advertising on the channels.

INEXPENSIVE CHANNEL 5 DECODER INTRODUCED
A new decoder designed to temporarily eliminate interference for the yet-
to-be launched Channel 5 UK terrestrial television service, which will
broadcast on UHF channels 35 and 37.

      Domestic video recorders use channels 35-37 for the television
playback channel, and all UK video recorders will need to be retuned so
that interference from the new service is removed.

      National Transcommunications mentioned a signal blocking device in
its contract application to transmit the service.  Engineers at Racal have
designed a small unit which can easily be distributed by post, offering
short term relief until the video recorder has been modified.

BBC CONSIDERS SECOND WSTV CHANNEL
BBC World Service Television executives are currently considering the
launch of a second WSTV channel which will focus on general English
language entertainment.

      Origination and playout for the service would be carried out in
London, before being beamed by satellite to the 20 million plus audience in
Asia.

      Research carried out in India by the BBC show that WSTV has an 11
percent viewership figure compared to CNN's six percent.    

      BBC WSTV executives are also reportedly involved in talks with
Australian and Latin American broadcasters over a possible partnership
agreement in the future.

      * The BBC has recently opened its Canadian WSTV service.

UK TO OPPOSE HDTV SUBSIDY
Plans by the European Commission to introduce a subsidy for high definition
widescreen television programmers and broadcasters could be scuppered by
the UK government.

      Government sources say that the government may oppose a ECU850
million subsidy.  A plan for a subsidy has been sent to member states, and
a DTI spokesman for the UK government said that the plan's content failed
to state the need for public subsidies. 

      One British electronics retailer, Dixons, has submitted a revised
plan for a reduced subsidy, which it believes would be mutually
advantageous to both companies.  Dixons believes that wide-screen
television would provide a great impetus to stimulate the European
electronics markets.

BOOST FOR TURKEY'S PRIVATE TV SYSTEM 
New privately-operated television stations in Portugal have been winning
large audiences, although many sections of the community have been upset at
the controversy the new channels have caused.

      Four television stations beam programmes into the country.  Show TV
transmits Tutti Frutti and the Playboy Late Night Show to Turkish viewers,
and this has offended Moslem conservatives who believe that it will affect
the morals of Turkish families.

      The Turkish government is currently in the process of setting up an
independent agency to regulate and oversee the private TV market.

BBC EXECUTIVE BASHS BSKYB LINK
Alan Yentob, a top BBC executive and controller, recently hit out at the
BBC's commercial money-spinning activities, saying that the Corporation
should steer clear of them and concentrate on its public service role.

      Yentob hit out at BBC bosses at a broadcasting conference in
Brighton, and singled out the BBC deal with BSkyB which allows highlights
of Premier League football to be shown.

      "I do not believe that the dealings with Sky were sensible or in the
interests of the British public," said Yentob.

      Yentob also singled out staff working for the BBC, saying that the
organisation was overmanned in need of a cutback.

ISLAMIC TV PROJECT BEGINS
A committee of experts working on the "Islam Vision" satellite television
market have concluded a two-day meeting which discussed how the project
could progress in the future.

      Information minister Abdul Aziz bin Mohammed al-Rowas said that the
project corresponded to the challenges of the present era.  The project is
part of the Islamic states media cooperation pact presently, working
together to reinforce the Islamic faith.

      Rowas said that the satellite television network would also be used
to educate non-Islamic countries about the economic and social achievements
of the Islamic countries.   A future pact about telecommunications
cooperation may also be formed in the future said Rowas.

BIGOT CRITICISES US OVER SATELLITE LAUNCHES
Charles Bigot, chairman of Arianespace, says that the US government is
putting unfair pressure on international satellite operators to place
launch contracts with Russia and China.

      Bigot, quoted in an interview with the Financial Times, said that
there were political reasons for pressing Intelsat to consider such
launches. He identified two main benefits for the US of encouraging the
flow of contracts to China and Russia, with the US wanting to improve
political goodwill and to dilute competition to its own launch companies.

      Intelsat denied Bigot's claim in the article.   Arianespace currently
launches the majority of satellites, but it is noticing a significant
under-cutting by Russian and Chinese companies keen to get into the market.

HDTV TERRESTRIAL TRIALS
A recent trial held by BBC Engineering and Thomson has showed that it is
possible to transmit digital HDTV over terrestrial networks.

      Engineers believe that it should be possible to deliver two HDTV
programmes on a 8MHz channel.  A digital signal was broadcast on a standard
television channel from the Crystal Palace transmitter in London.

      The trial was successful because of a new spectrum-efficient
modulation technique developed by Thomson combined with a BBC-designed
orthogonal frequency division modulation system.

CITY CABLE FRANCHISE REVIEWED
Paragon Cable's San Antonio (US) cable television franchise in the US is
being reviewed by city officials after a public access channel showed
teenagers how to commit suicide.  The review will determine whether Paragon
Cable can weed out such programmes.

      The offending segment was aired three times in total, and encouraged
viewers to try committing suicide in their own homes.  The programme also
showed the way to slit one's wrist, where to place the barrel of a gun
inside the mouth and how to tie a knot in a noose.

      David Leitt, the producer of the programme, said that it was a spoof
or morbid humour for adults.  A year ago, the same programme came under
fire for showing how to construct an acid bomb.  

      Councilman Bill Thornton is leading the council's condemnation of the
programme.  But Leitt is far from pleased from this move.

      "If anybody had an IQ above 20, people would realise that it is a
joke.  Unfortunately we're dealing with Councilman Thornton, who doesn't
know the difference between a live frog and a dead frog.  He is headline
hungry."

INMARSAT OPTS FOR RUSSIAN LAUNCH
Inmarsat, the global satellite communications service provider, has opted
to use a Russian Federation launcher to place one of its satellites in
orbit.     

      The Inmarsat Council chose to place, subject to final negotiations,
the US$36 million contract to DB Salyut of the Russian Federation for the
launch of an Inmarsat-3 satellite on a Proton rocket from the Baikonur
Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

      At the same time, a US$62 million contract was awarded to Arianespace
to launch another Inmarsat-3 satellite.   Previously, Inmarsat awarded a
launch contract to General Dynamics to launch an Inmarsat-3 satellite.

      "This mix of launchers for the Inmarsat-3 programme minimises the
risk for the organisation, in what is demonstratably a high-risk business,
by using a combination of well-known, reliable launch vehicles," said
Inmarsat's director-general Olof Lundberg.   "It also gives the
organisation the opportunity of pioneering the use of an equally reliable
but commercially unknown launch system."

IBM SETS UP MULTIMEDIA NEWS SERVICE
IBM, NBC and NuMedia -- a privately-owned multimedia development company --
have joined forces to conduct a pilot market test of "news on demand"
multimedia delivered by satellite.

      The yet-to-be-launched trial will be known as NBC Desktop News, and
it will incorporate text, graphics, video and sound extracts into a
multimedia PC system.

      Executives working on the project say that it is ideal for people who
do not have time to watch an entire newscast, as it allows them to scan a
list of headlines, and recall the stories which interest them.

      IBM is currently working on multimedia projects with its Action
Replay card.   The service is set to go live next month in New York.

SATELLITE DISCOVERS UNKNOWN FAULTS
Data from US and French satellites have helped pinpoint unknown earthquake
faults in the Mojave Desert.

      Scientists at the US Jet Propulsion Laboratory used data from a US
Landsat 5 and French SPOT craft to identify potential areas of concern. 
Data was subsequently evaluated and followed up by field surveys.

US NETWORKS BACKED ON SYNDICATION
The US Federal Communications Commission has seen its 1991 ruling that
restricted the rights of US television networks to earn big profits from
prime time syndications rejected by a Chicago federal appeals court.

      Around US$5 billion is earned annually by the resale and syndication
of television programmes.  In 1991 the FCC ruled that networks could
syndicate and market 40 percent of programmes domestically and
internationally.  Previously they were restricted to reselling programmes
overseas.

      Presently it is not known whether further court action will follow,
or whether new legislation will be passed in the new year after a change of
administration at the White House.

US SNG COMPANY TAKES SBS-6 TRANSPONDER
BAF Communications, one of the top US providers of satellite communications
services, has signed a one-year contract for a transponder aboard Hughes
Communications' SBS-6 satellite.

      The company provides satellite news vehicle and capacity to US
broadcasters and companies.

      In 1991 BAF brokered thousands of hours of Ku-band and C-band
occasional use transponder capacity to over 170 clients.

      "The agreement with Hughes enables us to serve our growing customer
base with the best possible signal quality," said Jim Vautrot, vice
president and general manager for broadcast services at BAF.

AUSTRALIA PREPARES FOR PAY-TV
The Australian government is preparing legislation for the introduction of
pay-TV after negotiations with opposition members enabled a bill to be
formulated.

      Australia's prime minister, Paul Keating, is keen to meet the demands
of pressure groups to open up the Australian television marketplace.  
Opposition members are concerned that the liberalisation of the market
would allow existing broadcasters to dominate subscription services at the
expense of new entrants and the Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC).

      Optus, the privately-owned satellite communications carrier, which
would host the subscription services plans to use digitally compressed
signals for the broadcast, offering enhanced definition over conventional
analogue technologies.

INTELSAT AGREES RELAXATION OF REGULATIONS
At a recent meeting of the Intelsat assembly of parties, an agreement was
formed and approved for a significant relaxation of the 'economic harm'
assessment called for in consultation procedures for separate satellite
systems.

      The approval follows on from an endorsement made by the Intelsat
board of governors in June, stipulating that an economic harm assessment
will no longer be required for separate systems proposing to carry traffic
not connected to the public switched network.

      Intelsat says that for systems proposing to carry public-switched
services, the threshold at which economic harm will be deemed not to result
is increased from 100 64kbit/s circuits per system to 1250 64kbit/s
circuits per satellite.

      A higher threshold is due to be set in 1994 and 1996, subject to
consultation and approval at a later date.

SPY SATELLITES TO FOCUS ON FISHING FLEET?
The European Commission has proposed using secret spy satellites to catch
fishing boats suspected of breaching fishing quotas in EC waters.  

      If agreed, a gradual surveillance programme would be phased in from
early 1993.

      The Commission has not revealed whose satellite intelligence would be
used for the programme, or whether boats would be forced to carry
additional identification beacons on board at all times.

UK GOLD JUDGED AN INITIAL SUCCESS
UK Gold, the new entertainment channel which commenced broadcasting on the
Astra satellite, has proved to be a success according to initial figures
released by the company.

      "Research into cable audience viewing figures on the night of UK
Gold's launch shows that at 2110 hours, the channel was one of the four
most popular channels with BBC1, ITV and Sky Sports," said a statement
issued by the company.

      Cable companies are reporting positive feedback from their customers
over UK Gold, and many new customers are apparently signing up for the new
service.

EQUITY THREATEN UK GOLD CHANNEL
The British actors' union Equity  says that it is to take the BBC to court
over a payments row involving UK Gold, according to the Oracle teletext
service.

      Actors are claiming that they are not being paid enough for the
repeats, and their union has taken up the case.  

      A spokesman for the BBC says that he hopes things will negotiated
without recourse to the courts.

NEWS IN BRIEF
BT launched a new transatlantic satellite service recently with ITN being
the first customer to use the Atlantic Express service to bring pictures of
the US presidential race.  BT has previously joined forces with the US-
based broadcast services company IDB to offer broadcasters enhanced,
dedicated satellite capacity and two-way transmission between Europe and
North America on a regular or ad-hoc basis.

      Swift Television Publications has launched an updated version of the
SATMASTER computer program called SAT-PRO. The package, designed by D J
Stephenson, includes all of the SATMASTER features and has new additional
town and country files for the Middle East and South America, additional
hardware support, enhanced graphics and geographical information.

      According to US press reports, comedian Bill Cosby has made an offer
to purchase the NBC terrestrial television network, despite the fact that
it is not formally for sale.  NBC gave Cosby a show in his early days, and
this is acknowledged to have provided a significant boost to his career and
earnings.

      GE Astro Space has won a US$128 million contract to build a second
satellite for AsiaSat to meet a growing demand for satellite communications
services in Asia. The satellite will see the satellite being delivered late
in 1994, with a 1995 launch date.

      Mitsubishi has introduced a 40 inch monster television, with built in
stereo speakers, graphics equaliser and a number of image enhancement
features.  The new television set will retail initially for US$4999.

      International Thomson, the publishers of Screen International, are to
revamp the title next month to improve its coverage of cable and satellite
broadcasting, an area in which the company has acknowledged a deficiency.

      British newspapers have agreed an out-of-court settlement with BBC
Enterprises and Independent Television Publications for a licence fee
structure for the publication television schedules. The deal will signal an
end to a two-year fight.

      Hughes Aircraft and General Electric has been contracted by the US
Air Force and NASA as main contractors to build the Landsat 7 earth
resource monitoring satellite, due for launch in 1997.

      Cambridge Computer has launched a new version of the Gemini LNB,
designed for SMATV applications, which features two LNB outputs, each
dedicated to a single polarisation.  The LNB has a typical noise figure of
1.2 dB.

      Visnews Facilities has signed a contract with HBB Television to
provide post-production facilities for the London-based Turkish channel.

      Screensport says that it has outbid its rival Eurosport to gain the
"most extensive" live coverage of the Men's and Women's Alipine World Ski
calendar until 1995.

      TV7 Tunisie, the first Tunisian satellite channel, has commenced
broadcasting on the Eutelsat II-F3 satellite, situated at 16 degrees east
longitude.

      National Transcommunications Limited has signed an OEM agreement to
supply Boffi Audio Rack Hi-Fi spa in Italy with advanced line doublers for
its Vidikron video projectors.

      Get ready for the Live '93 consumer electronic show, set to be held
at Olympia from 16-20 September 1993. Already many top named companies have
signed up for stands.

      SISLink has signed one-year regional news satellite links contracts
with Anglia, Central, Meridian, Tyne Tees and Yorkshire -- five UK
independent terrestrial TV companies.

      MTV held an interview with the astronauts of the space shuttle
Columbia as astronaut Michael Baker celebrated his 39th birthday.

      News Corp has seen its operating profits rise 101 percent to US$154.3
million over the previous year. BSkyB's revenues are running at 6m/week
with 80 percent subscriptions derived.

      Figures released by Hoare Govett value BSkyB at 3 million, yet James
Capel values the company at 2 billion.  Analysts agree that the company
has entered profitability.

      Sources suggest that the European Lifestyle channel may close down at
the end of the year, vacating its Astra transponder to RTL-2.

      Home Box Office has purchased another 12.5 percent stake in TV1000,
the Scandinavian pay-TV system.  It now owns 31.25% of the 300,000
subscriber channel.
      
      CORRECTION: In the last issue, Satnews carried a correction to the
instructions for receiving Satnews via electronic mail. Unfortunately the
correction contained an inaccurate statement.  Subscriptions should be sent
to listserv@orbital.demon.co.uk and not as stated previously.   

EUROPEAN SIGHTINGS
By Dr Helmut Vahlbruch

TELECOM 2A, 8W:
Programme transmissions on this satellite started again, on 9 November, the
following channels were not scrambled: 
12.543 GHz horizontal MCM
12.585 GHz horizontal Planete Cable
12.627 GHz horizontal unidentified, French movie in black & white 12.670
GHz horizontal CINE CINE MAS
12.670 GHz horizontal TV-SPORT (testcard)
12.732 GHz vertical   Logo of "Canal Jimmy"
12.648 GHz vertical   Canal + was scrambled,  

Intelsat 512, 1W:
TV Norge on 11.016 GHz horizontal has now an excellent picture quality. The
testcard on 10.969 GHz disappeared and TV Norge is using the full
transponder power.

      The two other channels remaining on the horizontal plane are SVT2 on
11.178 GHz and SVT1, 11.683 GHz.

Eutelsat II-F4, 7E:
The 11.658 GHz vertical transponder  is often used for soccer feeds from
Spain.   Kanal Market showed its testcard from 1-5 November, sharing the
same transponder with "Kanal 6" which gave poor results for both.

ASTRA, 19.2E:
One radio programme has gone and  another has appeared: Opus Radio, 11.332
GHz horizontal, subcarriers 7.38 and 7.56 MHz ceased its programme on 31
October. RFM from Poland is new on the MTV transponder 11.420 GHz
horizontal, subcarriers 7.74 and 7.92 MHz.

NORTH AMERICAN SIGHTINGS 
By Robert Smathers (roberts@triton.unm.edu)
 
Satcom C4 at 135 degrees west is starting to fill out nicely.  On 
transponder 5 (owned by Jones Space Link), Deutsche Welle TV has  started
transmitting.  Deutsche Welle features programming  directly from Germany. 
In addition to the program audio channel,  there are a few additional audio
subcarriers.  On one of the  subcarriers is the Deutsche Welle World
Service, the same one which can be heard on shortwave, only the satellite
channel is in FM broadcast  quality unlike the shortwave feed.
 
      Satcom C4/7 is Bravo (in Videocipher II encryption) and C4/1 is 
American Movie Classics (also in Videocipher II encryption).  Other
services will slowly move onto C4 from other satellites.  
      
      There have been scrolls on Satcom F1R/13 (F1R at 131 degrees  west)
and Satcom C1/9 (C1 at 137 degrees west) telling which  services are where
on the Satcom C4 satellite as well as  providing updates on the Satcom C3
satellite.
 
      Satcom C3 is the replacement satellite for Satcom F1R at 131  degrees
west.  The switch-over from F1R to C3 may occur by the  end of the year. 
I've heard reports that C3 is testing at 143  degrees west and then will
move over to 131 degrees west and  replace F1R.
 
      Galaxy 7 has been testing at 91 degrees west according to reports but 
I haven't personally been able to confirm  the satellite in testing. 
Reports say that there are saturation  tests as well as some SCPC on a few
transponders -- all tests  being done on an occasional basis.  Galaxy 7 is
expected to go  "on-line" in the next few months.
 
      ITN newscasts can now be seen in the afternoons on a PBS  transponder
(Spacenet 4/10) [Spacenet 4 at 101 degrees west]. The  feeds can be seen
somewhere around 4:30-5:30 ET.
 
      The Las Vegas Television Network appears to be dead.  The 800  number
was disconnected a long time ago and recently their 702  number was
disconnected.  They also haven't transmitted on S3R/22  lately.  LVTN was
in financial trouble and that probably caused  the downfall of the service.
 
      Brightside Network Systems, a promising satellite television 
service, is probably gone for good.  They had their service on  Anik E1/23
for a few days.  They then went down to do repairs  (according to what I
was told in June).   I tried calling them  again recently and I found their
phones were disconnected.  I  think they encountered financial trouble and
I am certain they  are gone.
 
      SATELLITE TV EVENT OF THE WEEK:  The NBA basketball season began 
recently.  Every night there are a several satellite feeds of  basketball
games for home dish owners and sports bars to enjoy.  Many dishowners were
afraid that 1992-1993 season was the season  that the backhauls would start
to be encrypted, but so far that  is not the case.  Good places to find
basketball feeds are on  Galaxy 2, Telstar 302, Spacenet 3R, Telstar 301,
Galaxy 6, and  Spacenet 1 (C-band birds) and SBS-6, K2, GSTAR 1, GSTAR 2,
GSTAR  4, SBS 5, and SBS 4 (Ku-band birds).

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Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU