From: tittle@ics.uci.edu (Cindy Tittle Moore)
Newsgroups: soc.feminism,news.answers
Subject: soc.feminism References (part 2 of 3)
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Last-modified: 6 August 1992

This posting contains useful feminist references for the newsgroup
soc.feminism.

Copies of this FAQ may be obtained by anonymous ftp to
pit-manager.mit.edu (18.172.1.27) under
/pub/usenet/news.answers/feminism/refs2.  Or, send email to
mail-server@pit-manager.mit.edu with the subject line "send
usenet/news.answers/feminism/refs2", leaving the body of the message
empty.  To get the other two parts, substitute refs1 and refs3 for
refs2 above.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

[1-8 in part I]
 9.  History.
10.  Implications of Beauty.
11.  Lesbian Feminism.
12.  Literary Writings.
13.  Media Depiction of Women.
14.  Military, Law Enforcement.
15.  Patriarchy.
16.  Pornography.
17.  Positive Children's Books.
[18-25 in part III]


[continuing from part I]

9.  History.
------------

Adamson, Nancy, Linda Briskin, and Margaret McPhail.  _Feminist
Organizing For Change: The Contemporary Women's Movement in Canada_.
Oxford University Press (Don Mills, Ontario).  1988.
    Blurb: "Beginning with a detailed history of the `second wave'
    (post-1960), it makes a primary distinction between grass-roots
    and institutionalized feminism, and by emphasizing the former
    reveals a part of feminist organizing that has most often been
    invisible."

Anderson, Bonnie S. and Judith P. Zinsser.  _A History of Their Own:
Women in Europe from Prehistory to Present_.  Vols I and II.  Harper
and Row, Publishers, New York.  1988.
    Blurb: "...A groundbreaking and controversial history of European
    women -- the first to approach the past from the perspective of
    women and to be organized by role."

Bridenthal, Renate, and Claudia Koonz, eds.  _Becoming Visible, Women
in European History_.
    An anthology going from prehistory to present day.

|Carden, Maren.  _The New Feminist Movement_.  1974.

|Coote and Campbell.  _Sweet Freedom: The Struggle for Women's
|Liberation_.  1982.

DuBois, Ellen Carol and Vicki L. Ruiz, eds.  _Unequal Sisters: A Multi-
Cultural Reader in U.S. Women's History_.  Routledge, New York.  1990.

DuBoise, Ellen Carol.  _Feminism and Suffrage: The Emergence of an
Independent Women's Movement in America 1848-1869_.  Third printing.
Cornell Paperbacks, Cornell University Press.  1985.  ISBN:
0-8014-9182-7 (trade paperback).
    Blurb: "...Duboise provides a framework and an analysis which link
    present concerns with political events more than a century ago,
    and by so doing illuminates both our contemporary situation and
    our past.  Hers is a rare blend of relevance and solid
    scholarship..."

Eisler, Riane.  _The Chalice and the Blade_. Harper, San Francisco.
1987.
    An interesting revisionist view of history; describes a conflict
    between "gylanic" (cooperative, giving of life honored,
    stereotypically feminine) and "androcratic" (competitive, taking
    of life honored, stereotypically masculine) tendencies in Western
    history. She suggests that the problem with the latter system is
    not men _per se_, but the expectation that men dominate women and
    a few men dominate all the rest. She follows Marija Gimbutas on
    European prehistory, suggesting that her "Old Europe" was a good
    example of the former system. Caution: any attempt at finding
    all-encompassing principles, as she does, is probably an
    oversimplification.

Fraser, Antonia.  _The Weaker Vessel_.  Vintage Books, Random House,
New York.  1985.  ISBN: 0-394-73251-0.
    Blurb: "Fraser gives us life after woman's life in choice and
    telling detail.  This is 'hidden history'...the history of
    ordinary women, and therefore of ordinary men.  As such it is both
    tantalizingly familliar and utterly exotic, close and yet distant
    to our own lives."

Fraser, Antonia.  _The Warrior Queens_. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
1989.  ISBN: 0-394-54939-2 (hardback).
    Blurb: "...Fraser gives us a singularly rich and provocative study
    of the Warrior Queens.  Dramatising the often astonishing ways in
    which the world has perceived -- and still perceives -- women who
    wield power, she examines the paradox and the politics, the mythic
    and the real lives of the sovereign women who have led their
    nations in war."

Gimbuta, Marija.  _The Goddesses and Gods of Old Europe_.  c1974, 1982.
    Documents Neolithic Europe in detail, describing such things as
    settlement patterns, burial rites, a sacred script and inferences
    on its social structure.  She proposes that "Old Europe" featured
    parity between the sexes, lack of interest in warfare, well-developed
    artistic traditions, and a belief system centered on female
    generative powers.

Gimbuta, Marija.  _The Language of the Goddess_(1989) and _The
Civilization of the Goddess_(1991).  Harper, San Francisco.  
    Expands on the belief system proposed in the first book.

Goreau, Angeline, ed.  _The Whole Duty of a Woman: Female Writers in
Seventeenth Century England_.  Dial Press, Garden City, New York.
1985.

Heilbrun, Carolyn G.  _Writing a Woman's Life_. Ballantine Books.
ISBN 0-345-36256-X.
    Blurb: "With subtlety and great eloquence, Carolyn Heilbrun shows
    how, throughout the centuries, those who write about women's lives
    -- biographers AND autobiographers -- have suppressed the truth of
    the female experience, in order to make the "written life" conform
    to society's expectations of what that life should be."

Hiley, Michael.  _Victorian Working Women: Portraits from Life_.
Gordon Fraser, London.  1979.
    A collection of Arther Munby's photography.  It was his firm
    belief that women should be free to take on any job they wished.
    A fascinating compendium.

Karlsen, Carol F.  _The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in
Colonial New England_.  W.W. Norton and Company, New York and London.
1987.
    Blurb: "A pioneer work in what might be called the sex<ual
    structuring of society.  this is not just another book about
    witchcraft.  Carol Karlsen has uncovered the assumptions, explicit
    and implicit, that goverened the everyday relationships of men and
    women in early New England...The 'witches' come alive in this
    book, not as stereotypes, but as real women living in a society
    that suspected and feared their independence and combativeness."

Miles, Rosalind.  _The Women's History of the World_.  Perennial
Library, Harper and Row, Publishers.  1990.  ISBN: 0-06-097317-X.

Rothschild, Joan, ed.  _Women, Technology, and Innovation_.  Pergamon
Press, Oxford and New York.  1982.
    Includes bibliography.  Discusses technology and innovation on the
    part of women throughout history, with essays on current feminist
    thought on pedagogy and technology.

Scharff, Virginia.  _Taking the Wheel: Women and the Coming of the
Motor Age_.  The Free Press, Macmillian, Inc.  1991.  ISBN: 0-02928135-0.
    Blurb:  "Most men did not want or expect women to drive the new
    gasoline powered automobiles of the early 1900's.  Women took the
    wheel anyway.  As Virginia Scharff explains in this engaging
    survey, the constraints of gender affected the ways in which women
    met the new automotive technology but seldom slowed them down.
    Car culture, Scharff shows with her precise scholarship and
    thoughtful commentarty, was women's culture, too."    

Scott, Joan Wallach.  _Gender and the Politics of History_.  Series
title: Gender and Culture.  Columbia University Press, New York.
1988.
    She uses postructural philosophies (Michel Foucault and Jacques
    Derrida - the latter almost considered the father of
    postructuralism) to analyse Gender and the way that History has
    been written. She "deconstructs" the texts hoping to find their
    biases, and so understand why they cannot be "correct," taking the
    position that history has repressed what it means to be a woman.

Sullivan, Sorayan, translator.  _Stories by Iranian Women_.
Introduction by Fazaneh Milani.  Center for Middle Eastern Studies.
University of Texas at Austin.  ISBN: 0-292-77649-7.

Wilson, Katharina M., ed.  _Women Writers of the Renaissance and
Reformation_.  University of Georgia Press.  ISBN: 0-8203-0866-8.

Wilson, Vincent Jr.  _The Book of Distinguished American Women_.
American HIstory Research Associates, PO BOX 140, Brookeville, MD
20833, 1983.  ISBN 0-910086-05-2. (100p paperback)
  Brief but inspiring biographies of 50 (!) women who made names for
  themselves in fields from astronomy to public health to literature.


    

10.  Implications of Beauty.
---------------------------

Brownmiller, Susan. _Femininity_.  Fawcett Columbine, New York. 1984.
ISBN: 0-449-90142-4 (trade paperback).
    A mild (for Brownmiller) but earnest book that explores the effect
    that demands of "femininity" have on women.
    
Freedman, Rita. _Beauty Bound_.  Lexington Books, D.C. Heath and
Company. 1988.  ISBN: 0-669-11141-4 (hardback).
    Explores the effects that conventional notions of beauty and
    womens' efforts to meet them have on women.

Wolf, Naomi. _The Beauty Myth_. Chatto & Windus, London, 1991.  W.
Morrow, New York, 1991.
    Examines the impact that conventional notions of feminine beauty
    have on women from a feminist perspective.


11.  Lesbian Feminism.
----------------------
    
Darty, Trudy and Sandee Potter, eds.  _Women-Identified Women_.
Mayfield Pub. Co., Palo Alto, CA.  1984.

Pharr, Suzanne.  _Homophobia: A Weapon Of Sexism_.  Chardon Press,
Inverness, CA.  1988.
  If there is anyone out there who *doesn't* understand the
  connection between homophobia and sexism, I urge that person
  to read this fairly short book.
    
Phelan, Shane.  _Identity Politics: Lesbian Feminism and the Limits of
Community_.  Series Title: Women in the Political Economy.  Temple
University Press, Philadelphia.  1989.
    
Rich, Adrienne.  _On Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian
Existence_. Onlywomen Press, London, 1981; Antelope Publications,
Denver Co., 1982.
    First appeared in _Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society_,
    Vol. 5, no. 5, 1980.

Douglas, Carol Anne.  _Love and Politics: Radical Feminist and Lesbian
Theories_. Ism Press, San Francisco, 1990.


12.  Literary Writings.
-----------------------

Atwood, Margaret. _The Handmaid's Tale_.  Houghton Mifflin, Boston, 1986.
ISBN 0395404258.
    Description of future in which women's reproduction is completely
    state-controlled.

Charnas, Suzy McKee.  _Walk to the End of the World_.  In _Radical
Utopias_, Quality Paperback Book Club, New York, 1990.
    Charnas has also written excellent young adult fiction (_The
    Bronze King_, etc).  This is an exploration of a post-apolcalyptic
    world, in which women are blamed for the apocolypse and treated
    accordingly.

Delany, Samuel R.  _Triton_.  In _Radical Utopias_, Quality Paperback
Book Club, New York, 1990.    
    An exploration of gender and gender roles set in the future.    

Lefanu, Sarah.  _Feminism and Science Fiction_.  Indiana University
Press. 1989.  ISBN: 0-253-23100-0.
    From back: "Through intriguing literary criticism of the works of
    writers such as Joanna Russ, Ursula Le Guin, Suzy McKee Charnas,
    James Tiptree, Jr., and Josephine Saxton, Lefanu explores the ways
    in which feminsit ideas have been stealthily at work, subverting
    male authority in one of its strongholds."  A penetrating and very
    interesting book.

LeGuin, Ursula K. _The Left Hand of Darkness_.  Ace Science Fiction
Books, New York.  c1969.  29th printing, 1984.  ISBN: 0-441-47810-7 
(paperback).
    Constructs a world inhabited by non-gendered people that shift
    from one sex to the other only for purposes of reproduction.  A
    fascinating exploration of gender, gender roles, and gender
    identity.  Lyrical and well written.
    
LeGuin, Ursula K. _Dancing at the Edge of the World: Thoughts on
Words, Women, Places_.  Perennial Library, Harper & Row, Publishers.
1989. ISBN 0-06-097289-0.
    A collection of articles written by the author.  Well worth
    reading. 

Russ, Joanna.  "When It Changed." Originally published in _Again,
Dangerous Visions_ edited by Harlan Ellison, in 1972.  It was
reprinted in _Kindred Spirits_ edited by Jeffrey M.  Elliot, in 1984
(Alyson Publications).  Also reprinted in _The Arbor House Treasury of
Science Fiction_ compiled by Robert Silverberg and Martin H. Greenberg
(Arbor House, New York, 1980, ISBN 0-87795-246-9).
    From introduction in Arbor House edition: "The planet that is the
    setting for Ms. Russ's story is completely devoid of men, and
    although this situation has been dealt with in science fiction
    before, it was usually in the form of 'men to the rescue' and/or a
    reaffirmation of the 'natural' need of one sex for the other.
    This is not the case here.  The physiological problmes of a
    single-sex situation have been solved and the social system and
    the satisfactions deriving therefrom are perfectly logical.  Like
    all fine science fiction, 'When it Changed' has much to tell us
    about the present." (p 513).

Russ, Joanna.  _The Female Man_. In _Radical Utopias_, Quality
Paperback Book Club, New York, 1990.
    This is an extension of the work begun in "When it Changed."

Spender, Dale.  _Mothers of the Novel: 100 Good Women Novelists before
Jane Austen_.  Pandora Press, 1986.  ISBN 0-86358-081-5.
  Puts the lie to every thing you learned in high school and
  university literature classes about how only men create LITERATURE.

Tiptree, James Jr. [Alice Sheldon].  "The Women Men Don't See," in
Silverberg, Robert and Martin H. Greenberg, eds, _THe Arbor House
Treasury of Science Fiction.  Arbor House, New York.  1980.  ISBN
0-87795-246-9.
    From introduction: "We listen, but we don't hear.  We see, but we
    don't understand.  We reach, but we don't grasp.  These human
    failings are a part of life for all of us and not always because
    of lack of effort or talent.  Some things are mysterious, and life
    is the richer for it.  Science fiction has always explored the
    things that are not what they seem and the things that are more
    than they appear to be, but rarely as disturbingly and profoundly
    as in this outstanding story by 'James Tiptree, Jr' (Alice
    Sheldon)." 


13.  Media Depiction of Women.
------------------------------

Mayor's Task Force on the Status of Women in Toronto.  _Final Report:
Issues: day care, birth control, health care, property law, sexual
discrimination, equal pay for work of equal value,
advertising--degrading women, affirmative action, political power,
recreation, etc. etc. [Toronto: The Task Force] 1974.

Adelson, Andrea, "Study Attacks Women's Roles in TV",  The New 
York Times, November 19, 1990, page C18.

Courtney, Alice E. and Thomas W. Whipple.  _Sex Stereotyping in 
Advertising_.  Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.  1983.

Edwardsen, Mary, ed. _The Corporate Influence on the Images of Women
in Advertising: A Transcript of Public Hearings Held by the Interfaith
Center on Corporate Responsibility, October 7 & 8, 1976, New York
City_.  The Center, New York, 1977.

Fraser, Laura.  "Behind the New Abortion Scam: How the New Right Uses
Deceptive Advertising and Heavy-Handed Tactics to Prevent Pregnant
WOmen from Choosing and Abortion".  _The San Francisco Bay Guardian_.
Vol 20, no 39. (July 16-23, 1986).

Kilbourne, Jean, Joseph Vitagliano, Patricia Stallone.  _Killing Us
Softly: Advertising's Image of Women_.  Videocassette.  Cambridge
Documentary Films, Cambridge, MA.  1979.
    A study of the psychological and sexual themes that pervade
    today's advertising for products.  With a mixture of fact, 
    insight, humor, and outrage, we are shown just how easily we
    are led astray by these advertisements.

Kilbourne, Jean and Cambridge Documentary Films.  Producer and
Directory, Margaret Lazarus.  _Still Killing Us Softly: Advertising's
Image of Women_.  Videocassette.  Cambridge Documentary Films,
Cambridge MA. 1987.
    Discusses the manner in which women are portrayed by advertising
    and the effects this has on women and their images of themselves.

*Komisar, Lucy, "The Image of Woman in Advertising"

Schwartz, L. A. and W. T. Markham, "Sex Stereotyping in Children's Toy
Advertisements", _Sex Roles: A Journal of Research_, 12 (1985) 157-170.


14.  Military, Law Enforcement.
-------------------------------

*Edwards, Paul N., "The Army and the Microworld: Computers and the 
Politics of Gender Identity"

Epstein, Cynthia Fuchs. _Women in law_.  Basic Books, New York, 1981;
Anchor Press/Doubleday, Garden City, NY, 1983.

Stirling, S.M.  "The Woman Warrior," in _New Destinies_, vol IV,
Summer 1988.  Baen Books.
  This is a well thought-out article by S.M. Stirling entitled _The
  Woman Warrior_.  Stirling defends the idea of women serving in the
  military.  This is a response to opinions expressed by editors who
  had negative comments about female warriors in fantasy stories.
  Although _New Destinies_ is aimed at science fiction readers, this
  article is factual and interesting.  There is a list of references
  at the end of the article.

McNeil, D. G.  "Should Women Be Sent Into Combat?" _The New
York Times_, July 21, 1991, page E3.  
    A summary of the arguments for and against allowing women to serve
    in combat positions.  It includes the statistic that even with
    pregnancy leave, enlisted women spend less time off work that
    enlisted men.

    
15.  Patriarchy.
----------------

Connel, R.W. _Gender and Power: Society, The Person, and Sexual
Politics_.  Stanford University Press.  1987.

Dinnerstein, Dorothy. _The Mermaid and the Minotaur: Sexual Arrangements
and Human Malaise_.  Harper & Row, New York.  1976.
    Examines the roots of patriarchy.

Figes, Eva. _Patriarchal Attitudes: Women in Society_.  Reprint.
Persea Books, New York.  1986.  ISBN: 0-89255-122-4 (trade paperback).
    Examines factors which have placed women in subservient roles in
    most societies, including Christianity, capitalism, Freud, and
    sexual taboos.
    
Millet, Kate. _Sexual Politics_.  New edition.  Touchstone Books,
Simon and Schuster Inc.  1990 (orig. 1969).  ISBN: 0-671-70740-X
(trade paperback).
    From blurb: "With searing eloquence, it traces the evolution of
    the women's movement starting from 1830, focusing on the profound
    changes in fundamental values that were -- and are -- its goal.
    In the tradition of feminist criticism pioneered by Simone de
    Beauvoir and Doris Lessing, Millett examines four key figures --
    D.H. Lawrence, Henry Miller, Norman Mailer, and Jean Genet -- to
    illuminate how patriarchial bias and myth are reflected in the
    exploitation of women in literature."

Perelberg, Rosine Josef, and Ann C. Miller, eds.  _Gender and Power in
Families_.  Tavistock/Routledge, London and New York.  1990.

Sargent, Lydia, ed. _Women and Revolution. A Discussion of the Unhappy
Marriage of Marxism and Feminism_.  South End Press, Boston, 1981.
Pluto Press, London, 1981.
    An edited collection of articles on the nature of the relationship
    between capitalism and patriarchy.

    
16.  Pornography.
-----------------

"Dealing With Pornography in Academia: Report on a Grassroots 
Action", CMU Computer Science Graduate Students and Staff.   
unpublished, 1989.  

|Baird, Robert M. and Stuart E. Rosenbaum, eds.  _Pornography: Private
|Right or Public Menace?_.  Prometheus Books. 
|    A wide and relatively unbiased collection of positions on
|    pornography.  Chapters are devoted to feminist, religious, and
|    Libertarian perspectives.  Some familiar names in the book:
|    Brownmiller, Dworkin, and Steinem, as well as excerpts from the
|    two US commission reports.
    
|Ben-Veniste, Richard.  "Pornography and Sex Crime -- the Danish
|Experience."  In Vol. 8, USCOP [U.S. Commision on Obscenity and
|Pornography] Technical Report, 1970.

Califia, Pat. "Among Us, Against Us: The New Puritans," in _The
Advocate_ (4/17/80, 14-18); reprinted in _Caught Looking_ (now out of
print, many university libraries have it) Also. "See No Evil: The
Anti-Porn Movement," in _The Advocate_ (9/3/85, 35-39); and "The
Obscene, Disgusting and Vile Meese Commission Report," in _The
Advocate_ (10/14/86, 42-46, 108-109).
    Challenges to the well-known feminist anti-pornographic
    and anti-sex stance.

Downs, Donald Alexander. _The New Politics of Pornography_.
University of Chicago Press, Chicago.  1989.  ISBN 0226161625.
    Explores the contemporary antipornography movement, documents the
    weaknesses of both absolutist sides of the conflict.
    
Dworkin, Andrea.  _Woman Hating_.  Dutton, New York, 1974.

Dworkin, Andrea.  _Intercourse_.  Free Press, New York, 1987.

Dworkin, Andrea.  _Pornography: Men Possessing Women_.  Dutton, New
York, 1989.

Griffin, Susan.  _Woman and Nature: The Roaring Inside Her_.  Harper
and Row, New York, 1980.
    She contends that There are similarities between the ways men in
    patriarchal cultures treat "women" & "nature" and alienate
    themselves from both.

Griffin, Susan. _Pornography and Silence: Culture's Revenge Against
Nature_.  Harper Colophon Books, New York, 1982.

Kuhn, Annette.  _Women's Pictures: Feminism and Cinema_.  Routledge &
K. Paul, London and Boston, 1982.
    She feels that soft core pornography is more harmful to societal
    views on women than is hard core porn (hard core meaning "straight
    sex" films and not bondage/S&M/rape films).

|Kutchinksy, Berl.  "Towards an Explanation of the Decrease in
|Registered Sex Crimes in Copenhagen."  In USCOP "Technical Review",
|Vol 8., 1970.

|Kutchinksy, Berl.  "Pornography and Its Effects in Denmark and the
|United States: A Rejoinder and Beyond."  "Comparitive Social Research:
|An Annual.  Vol. 8.  Greenwich Conn.:JAI Press, 1985.
    
Stoltenberg, John. _Refusing to be a Man: Essays on Sex and Justice_.
Breitenbush Books, Portland, OR.  1989.
    Stoltenberg speaks to the issues of woman-hating (as a function of
    training from childhood) and pornography.  He is persuasive,
    succinct, and he succeeds in clearing up a lot of confusion in
    these areas.  Probably the most effective presentation I've seen
    in a very long time.  Biological determinism is laid to waste.


17.  Positive Children's Books.
-------------------------------

|L'Engle, Madeleine.  _A Wrinkle in Time_ and many, many others.
|    [Science fiction]  AWIT is a classic.  Meg Murray saves her
|    father and little brother from the clutches of IT.  Three other
|    books follow this one, and L'Engle has written a whole slew of
|    other children's books.  Characters are wonderfully drawn, and
|    females get strong, well drawn roles.

|McKinley, Robin.  _The Hero and the Crown_, _The Blue Sword_.
|    [Fantasy] Set in the ancient kingdom of Damar.  The proponents of
|    each book are heroic females who take on the foes of the kingdom.
|    The books start out slow and finish fast.  _Hero_ is also a
|    Newberry Award winner.

|McKinley, Robin.  _The Outlaws of Sherwood_.
|    [Mythic fiction] This version of Robin Hood does not romanticize
|    the life of the outlaws.  It also gives a much stronger role to
|    Marian.  There are all the familiar characters, plus a few other
|    interesting female characters.  The Sheriff of Nottingham stays
|    well in the background.  Interesting version.

|Voigt, Cynthia.  _Homecoming_.
|    [Fiction] Three children walk across a good portion of America
|    after being abandoned.  The oldest sister is the one that pulls
|    them through.

[continued in part III]

--------------

Please mail in comments, additions, corrections, suggestions, and so
on to feminism-request@ncar.ucar.edu.


--Cindy Tittle Moore

"If an aborigine drafted an IQ test, for example, all of Western
Civilization would probably flunk."  
Xref: sparky soc.feminism:3170 news.answers:5072