HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: eddy@boulder.Colorado.EDU (Sean Eddy)
Subject: Re: mRNA baud rate
Organization: University of Colorado, Boulder
Date: 30 Dec 92 09:02:41 GMT

ken@iat.holonet.net (Ken Easlon) writes:
>I'd like to find out the data transmission rate from the nucleus of a
>typical eukaryotic cell via mRNA.   My best guess at this point is
>somewhere between 300 and 1200 baud.   
>If anyone has any guesses or information or references regarding the rate
>of mRNA transcription (per cell), I would be very interested in hearing
>from you.

Alberts (_Molecular Biology of the Cell_, p. 412) cites 2 x 10^8
nt/min as the average interphase total transcription rate per
mammalian cell.  40% of that is tRNA/rRNA transcription; so call it
1x10^8 nt/min for precursor mRNA transcription.

Now you need a number for how much precursor is spliced out before
export from the nucleus; I think a reasonable guess in the human
might be 95%.

Call each nucleotide 2 bits of information, and you get a "data
transmission rate" on the order of 200 kilobits/sec -- so it's
closer to Ethernet than an obsolete modem :)

On the other hand, mRNA export uses 3000-4000 lines (nuclear pore
complexes) according to Alberts, so the rate per line is indeed pretty
awful - 40 bps or so. The pores are handling a lot of protein traffic
too though.

- Sean Eddy
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
- sre@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk
- "I'm not convinced we need bigger supercomputers in computational biology-- 
   last time I checked, the backs of envelopes weren't getting any
   bigger."  - Barry Honig, speaking at a meeting on Grand Challenges
   in Computational Structural Biology






Newsgroups: bionet.info-theory
From: ken@iat.holonet.net (Ken Easlon)
Subject: Re: mRNA baud rate
Organization: HoloNet National Internet Access BBS: 510-704-1058/modem
Date: Wed, 30 Dec 1992 13:20:35 GMT


In article <eddy.725706161@beagle> ,
eddy@boulder.Colorado.EDU (Sean Eddy) writes:


>Alberts (_Molecular Biology of the Cell_, p. 412) cites 2 x 10^8 
>nt/min as the average interphase total transcription rate per 
>mammalian cell.  40% of that is tRNA/rRNA transcription; so call it 
>1x10^8 nt/min for precursor mRNA transcription. 
 
>Now you need a number for how much precursor is spliced out before 
>export from the nucleus; I think a reasonable guess in the human 
>might be 95%. 
 
>Call each nucleotide 2 bits of information, and you get a "data 
>transmission rate" on the order of 200 kilobits/sec -- so it's 
>closer to Ethernet than an obsolete modem :) 

I think you mean 200 kilobytes/sec.  That's a pretty impressive number in
my book. 

I wonder how many transcription polymerase molecules (or whatever the
correct term is) Alberts is using in his estimate, or the rate per
molecule.


--
Ken Easlon                | "...somebody spoke and I went into a dream..."
ken@holonet.net           |    -Paul McCartney
Pleasantly Unaffiliated   |
From: ajb@s-crim1.dl.ac.uk (Alan Bleasby)
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: Re: THANKS!!!
Date: 24 Dec 92 23:14:26 GMT
Distribution: bionet
Organization: SERC Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, UK
NNTP-Posting-Host: seqnet.dl.ac.uk
In-reply-to: kristoff@NET.BIO.NET's message of 24 Dec 92 18:05:41 GMT


Thanks Sam & Dave,

At the risk of further stereotyping the `reserved' Brits I do post at least
one message per year (this is it).

A merry christmas and happy new year to all BIOSCI folk worldwide from
all at Daresbury.

Alan Bleasby
BIOSCI dept :-)
SERC Daresbury Laboratory
Warrington WA4 4AD
UK
From: T80SMS1@NIU.bitnet
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: THANKS!!!
Date: 23 Dec 92 15:33:00 GMT
Distribution: bionet

Here is an end of the year THANK YOU!!! to Dave and the rest of
the crew that toils mightily to keep the BIOSCI system running
smoothly and invisibly for the rest of us.  Many like me sit
back and enjoy the benefits, occassionally making minor
contributions.  I am sure that everyone appreciates the
sometimes thankless job done by the coordinators of this
enterprise.  Despite the hassles, please keep up the good work.

*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*
* Samuel M. Scheiner                 +                            *
* Department of Biological Sciences  +    Education is a          *
* Northern Illinois University       +                            *
* DeKalb, Illinois 60115             +    subversive activity!    *
* Phone:  (815) 753-7847             +                            *
* Fax:    (815) 753-0461             +                            *
* Bitnet: t80sms1@niu                +                            *
*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*+*
Newsgroups: bionet.general
From: mazzucch@ghost.dsi.unimi.it (massimo mazzucchi)
Subject: INFO
Organization: Computer Science Dep. - Milan University
Date: Mon, 21 Dec 1992 14:30:16 GMT



Hi 

i am MAx from Italy in Milan

i would have informations ( research existent or books ) about 


INDICATORS AND INDEX OF QUALITY FOR FLORA-FAUNA (WILDLIFE)-
VEGETAZION

IN THE VALUTATION OF AMBIENTAL IMPACT.


tHANKS FOR YOUR HELP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!  Massimo Mazzucchi                         address    e-mail                !
!  University of State                       mazzucch@ghost.dsi.unimi.it      !
!  Departement of Computer Science            149.132.2.1                     ! 
!  Via Comelico, 41 -  20133 MILAN ITALY                                      !
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: mbthm@s-crim1.dl.ac.uk (T.H.L. Murcott)
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: Gif
Date: 22 Dec 92 12:11:27 GMT
Distribution: bionet
Organization: Daresbury Lab., Warrington, U.K.
NNTP-Posting-Host: seqnet.dl.ac.uk

Subject: Wanted Gif file viewer for PC and Silicon Graphics
Summary: 
Expires: 
Followup-To: 
Distribution: bionet.general,bionet.biology.computational,bionet.xtallography
Organization: Daresbury Lab., Warrington, U.K.
Keywords: 

Dear Netters,

Recently a .gif file of TGN was posted to the net.  I am a relative novice at
this game and am asking for suggestions for good .gif file viewers for a PC
and also Silicon Graphics Indigo and Iris workstations.  Apologies if this
is not the right group to post to.

Thanks in advance

Toby

Toby Murcott  Murcott@bsa.bristol.ac.uk

Dept. of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, Bristol, UK.
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: 
Summary: 
Expires: 
Followup-To: 
Distribution: 
Organization: Daresbury Lab., Warrington, U.K.
Keywords: 
Newsgroups: bionet.general
From: nsmca@acad3.alaska.edu
Subject: Re: Gif Viewers/Editors
Organization: University of Alaska Fairbanks
Distribution: bionet
Date: Tue, 29 Dec 1992 12:31:25 GMT

In article <1h70lfINN4am@s-crim1.dl.ac.uk>, mbthm@s-crim1.dl.ac.uk (T.H.L. Murcott) writes:
> Subject: Wanted Gif file viewer for PC and Silicon Graphics
> Summary: 
> Expires: 
> Sender: Toby Murcott
> Followup-To: 
> Distribution: bionet.general,bionet.biology.computational,bionet.xtallography
> Organization: Daresbury Lab., Warrington, U.K.
> Keywords: 
> 
> Dear Netters,
> 
> Recently a .gif file of TGN was posted to the net.  I am a relative novice at
> this game and am asking for suggestions for good .gif file viewers for a PC
> and also Silicon Graphics Indigo and Iris workstations.  Apologies if this
> is not the right group to post to.
> 
> Thanks in advance
> 
> Toby
> 
> Toby Murcott  Murcott@bsa.bristol.ac.uk
> 
> Dept. of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, Bristol, UK.
> Newsgroups: bionet.general
> Subject: 
> Summary: 
> Expires: 
> Sender: 
> Followup-To: 
> Distribution: 
> Organization: Daresbury Lab., Warrington, U.K.
> Keywords: 

Try cshow or Optik, or VPIC..
You might be able to get them from a remote FTP site. OR a local BBS..



Michael Adams
Alias: Morgoth/Ghost Wheel 
nsmca@acad3.alaska.edu
From: yuzik@fraser.sfu.ca (Chris Yuzik)
Subject: NURSING: info request for project
Keywords: nurse
Organization: Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada
Date: Tue, 29 Dec 1992 09:30:04 GMT

The following is a message from Jody Ewen, who does not have an internet
account.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

I am a nursing student attending school in Victoria, BC, Canada.  I am
currently researching a project on Nursing throughout the world.  I am
interested in obtaining any information regarding recruitment,
prerequisites, wages, standards of living, the role of the nurse, and
any other information that you can offer.

In addition, if you know of any alternative methods I can use in my
research (i.e. ftp sites, newsgroups, etc.), please let me know.

Please reply by e-mail to:  chris_yuzik@sfu.ca
			or   yuzik@sfu.ca

Thank you for your time.

Regards,


Jody Ewen
Camosun College Nursing Student
Victoria, B.C., Canada

Xref: sparky bionet.general:2009 bionet.software:2322
From: Robert.H.Gross@dartmouth.edu (Robert H. Gross)
Newsgroups: bionet.general,bionet.software
Subject: Re: New Joural: Computational Biology
Date: 23 Dec 92 19:49:59 GMT
Organization: Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH
X-Posted-From: InterNews1.0b3@newshost.dartmouth.edu

Could you please provide more info on how to subscribe to this new
journal. How much is a subscription and who do we contact to actually
subscribe.

Thanks.

Bob Gross
Dept. of Biology, Dartmouth College
bob.gross@dartmouth.edu
From: CLARK@SALK-SC2.SDSC.EDU (Steve Clark)
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: Re: New BIOSCI FAQs
Date: 23 Dec 92 17:29:28 GMT
Distribution: bionet

Dave Kristofferson writes:

/Over the last two days I added additional information to the FAQ
/created by Una Smith and rewrote the FAQ that I have had on the back
/burner for a long time now.  
[...]
/The FAQs follow this message and will be
/posted regularly to bionet.announce on the 1st of each month (and also
/to news.answers).

Dave,

	The new FAQ sheets look really great. Judging from some of the 
messages that appear on the various newsgroups, it seems that many posters 
don't know where to look for these FAQs. Since they are quite long it might 
not be appropriate to post them to all the newsgroups every month (or the 
ones that don't already have ones of their own), but would it be possible 
(or desirable) to post a short notice describing where these FAQs can be 
found? I think something along these lines would be sufficient:

/ [...] Both of these
/FAQs are available for FTP from net.bio.net in pub/BIOSCI as
/biosci1.FAQ and biosci2.FAQ.  They can also be requested by e-mailing
/to biosci@net.bio.net.

Regards,

Steve Clark

clark@salk-sc2.sdsc.edu  (Internet)
clark@salk               (Bitnet)
Newsgroups: bionet.general
From: lashman@next4.uafcs.alaska.edu (Lakshman)
Subject: grneral-health-problems
Organization: University of Alaska Computer Network
Date: Sun, 3 Jan 1993 08:09:04 GMT

Hello,
 I am new to this group. Can any one tell me where to Post specific
 health problems ?.
From: GHRIGG01@ULKYVM.LOUISVILLE.EDU ("Garrett H. Riggs")
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: Any info on "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome"?
Date: 29 Dec 92 01:06:34 GMT
Distribution: bionet

Dept. of Anatomical Sciences & Neurobiology
Phone: (502) 588-7288

Hello all.

I am searching for any good, recent information on "Chronic
Fatigue Syndrome."  I have found some references via Medline,
but would appreciate any journal articles/books you might
suggest.  All clinical and/or basic science info is of interest.

TIA.

Garrett
____________________________________________________________________
Garrett Riggs
BITNET: GHRIGG01@ULKYVM
INTERNET: GHRIGG01@ULKYVM.LOUISVILLE.EDU

Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology
University of Louisville School of Medicine
Louisville, Kentucky  40292  USA
From: harper@convex.csc.FI (Rob Harper)
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: Re: New BIOSCI FAQs
Date: 24 Dec 92 19:07:53 GMT
Distribution: bionet
Organization: Finnish Academic and Research Network Project - FUNET

In <CMM.0.90.2.725218510.kristoff@net.bio.net> kristoff@NET.BIO.NET (Dave Kristofferson) writes:

>Currently the FAQs are only going to be posted to bionet.announce on
>the first of each month.  I am going to modify the info sheet which is
>sent out in response to all subscription requests to indicate how to
>retrieve the FAQs.  The best thing would be if all BIOSCI users
>subscribed to BIONEWS/bionet.announce, but we don't force this on
>people.

I have modified Una's FAQ so it can be read with Gopher.
I will do the same treatment for Dave's FAQ so both can be viewed
according to what the end user wants to read, rather than a big
chunk of text.

Check out gopher.csc.fi in the new year.

RGDS -=ROB=-

--
 ~ Rob Harper                    ~ E-mail:          harper@convex.csc.fi    
 ~ Finnish State Computer Centre ~ Molbio/software: harper@nic.funet.fi
 ~ P.O. Box 40                   ~ Telephone:       +358 0 457 2076
 ~ SF-02101 Espoo Finland        ~ Fax:             +358 0 457 2302
From: mike@aloysius.equinox.gen.nz (Mike Campbell)
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: Looking for Mike Tarsitano
Distribution: world
Date: Tue, 29 Dec 92 07:30:13 GMT
Organization: Me? Organized?

Hi folks,

I'm trying to track down a friend of mine at the University of Surrey 
(?), England.  His name is Mike Tarsitano, he's doing a PhD in biology 
of some sort (hey - spiders ain't my speciality - but they are his :- 
)).

If anyone has an address, either s- or e-mail could they please e-mail 
me.

Thanks for your time

Mike Campbell, Christchurch, New Zealand
mike@aloysius.equinox.gen.nz 
Newsgroups: bionet.general,sci.bio
From: dr@ducvax.auburn.edu
Subject: Re: Request: Recruiting/Luring biologists to the Nets
Summary: Progress report on Summary
Organization: Auburn University, AL
Date: Tue, 22 Dec 1992 22:15:40 GMT

In article <1992Dec8.173852.1@ducvax.auburn.edu>, dr@ducvax.auburn.edu writes:
> I am attempting to hornswoggle, er... *recruit* biologists and biology
> students at Auburn University to join the nets, ie. participate in the
> information exchange made possible by network access.   This is largely
> an informal effort, although I may make a short presentation outlining
> the usefulness of network access in a graduate seminar,  "Professional
> Aspects of Biology", which I have been privileged to attend and
> occasionally participate in this term.   [...remainder deleted...]
>

'Thought I should take a moment to publicly thank the many respondents 
to my post, and give a preliminary report.  

1) I'm astonished and thrilled by the response - over 30 people
responded, with nicely detailed examples.  This has really been
an eye-opener; network useage is far more robust than I would have
ever guessed.  

2) A summary is intended; I'm thinking about how to best cast it -- 
Clearly it should be more focused than (just) a concatenation of 
responses. [However, a simple concatenation would not be as bad 
a presentation as one might suppose - biologists tend to also be 
good writers].

3) It seems likely that I'll make some semi-(in)formal presentations
at the start of next term to interested groups (eg. Field Biology Club,
Entomology Club, brown bag seminar...).  There is a strong temptation 
to put extra effort into crafting the presentation; then post pertinent 
sections of that.  [This poses the usual dilemma of timelyness vs. 
quality; the effort to properly develop a presentation is non-trivial].

4)  All of this is just Good Intentions at this point -- there is 
still a lot of work to be done, and everyone's interest will naturally
wane during break.  [Casual Aside: My interest also suffers from this
waning -- it's been mumble years since I've been in front of a classroom;
what skills I once had in making accessible, coherent presentations have 
surely evaporated from disuse].

Finally, and most importantly, I must confess that I have responded to 
very few of the individual correspondants.  This is a constraint of time, 
not interest or appreciation.  Thanks again.

	D.R.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
David Roller  |    Bitnet = dr@auducvax            |  "Because we're all
Auburn Univ.  |  Internet = dr@ducvax.auburn.edu   |   in this together."
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: kristoff@NET.BIO.NET (Dave Kristofferson)
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: New BIOSCI FAQs
Date: 22 Dec 92 20:55:31 GMT
Distribution: bionet


Over the last two days I added additional information to the FAQ
created by Una Smith and rewrote the FAQ that I have had on the back
burner for a long time now.  The first FAQ by Una concentrates on
general issues, while the second FAQ focuses on the actual use of the
BIOSCI/bionet newsgroups and other technical issues.  Both of these
FAQs are available for FTP from net.bio.net in pub/BIOSCI as
biosci1.FAQ and biosci2.FAQ.  They can also be requested by e-mailing
to biosci@net.bio.net.  The FAQs follow this message and will be
posted regularly to bionet.announce on the 1st of each month (and also
to news.answers).

Please feel free to send us additional questions and revisions.

				Sincerely,

				Dave Kristofferson
				BIOSCI/bionet Manager

				kristoff@net.bio.net
From: CLARK@SALK-SC2.SDSC.EDU (Steve Clark)
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: Re: New BIOSCI FAQs
Date: 24 Dec 92 22:53:02 GMT
Distribution: bionet

/> [...] but would it be possible 
/> (or desirable) to post a short notice describing where these FAQs can be 
/> found? I think something along these lines would be sufficient:
/> 
/> / [...] Both of these
/> /FAQs are available for FTP from net.bio.net in pub/BIOSCI as
/> /biosci1.FAQ and biosci2.FAQ.  They can also be requested by e-mailing
/> /to biosci@net.bio.net.
/> 
/ [...]
/ The best thing would be if all BIOSCI users
/subscribed to BIONEWS/bionet.announce, but we don't force this on
/people.

Dave,

	I was thinking about a way to get to new users who stumble across a
newsgroup, not realizing there are a bunch of them, and post anything
related to biology to the one they found. These guys have no idea about
bionet.announce, through no fault of their own. I hate getting duplicates
as much as anybody, but they're not so bad if they're short, and even
better if the subject is clearly marked so it isn't necessary to read it at
all. If there are thirty newsgroups, perhaps you could post info on where 
to get the FAQ sheet to a different newsgroup each day, so people don't get 
30 of them at once.

/Happy Holidays!

	Thanks, and the same to you (and everyone else)!

Regards,


Steve

clark@salk-sc2.sdsc.edu  (Internet)
clark@salk               (Bitnet)
From: chend@ucs.orst.edu (Donald Chen - Microbiology)
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: capsule type and/or synthesis in Bacillus spp.
Date: 25 Dec 1992 18:13:55 GMT
Organization: University Computing Services - OSU
Distribution: world
NNTP-Posting-Host: ucs.orst.edu
Keywords: capsule, synthesis, Bacillus

Hi:

I am interested in the presence, type, synthesis, and gene
structure of capsules in Bacillus spp.  I am aware of capsule
in B. anthracis but I haven't found any other references for
other Bacillus spp. Are there other references I can get?

Is there any correlation between gram pos capsule and gram neg
capsule type/synthesis/regulation?

What is the rationale for making capsule in gram pos organisms
over, say, spore formation?

In B. anthracis, is capsule a normal situation? or does the 
absence of it favor spore formation?
Thanks for any help,
Don Chen



Newsgroups: bionet.general
From: danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu (Dan Jacobson)
Subject: Re: Welchlab Gopher going offline for a day
Organization: Johns Hopkins Univ. Welch Medical Library
Date: Tue, 22 Dec 1992 18:52:17 GMT

In article <1992Dec21.142335.26976@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu> danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu (Dan Jacobson) writes:
>The gopher hole at the Welchlab (merlot.welch.jhu.edu) will be going
>off-line today while we move to a new building (....)

The Welchlab gopher is back on-line (actually was back up last night).

Happy holidays,

Dan Jacobson

danj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu
From: kristoff@NET.BIO.NET (Dave Kristofferson)
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: Re: New BIOSCI FAQs
Date: 24 Dec 92 17:35:10 GMT
Distribution: bionet

> Dave,
> 
> 	The new FAQ sheets look really great. Judging from some of the 
> messages that appear on the various newsgroups, it seems that many posters 
> don't know where to look for these FAQs. Since they are quite long it might 
> not be appropriate to post them to all the newsgroups every month (or the 
> ones that don't already have ones of their own), but would it be possible 
> (or desirable) to post a short notice describing where these FAQs can be 
> found? I think something along these lines would be sufficient:
> 
> / [...] Both of these
> /FAQs are available for FTP from net.bio.net in pub/BIOSCI as
> /biosci1.FAQ and biosci2.FAQ.  They can also be requested by e-mailing
> /to biosci@net.bio.net.
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Steve Clark
> 
> clark@salk-sc2.sdsc.edu  (Internet)
> clark@salk               (Bitnet)
> 

Steve,

	Unfortunately because of our e-mail lists, were we to post
this message to each list, some people would receive it 30 times and
complain loudly.  I don't think that it would fly on a monthly basis.
I'll think about setting something up on a rotating basis possibly.
Currently the FAQs are only going to be posted to bionet.announce on
the first of each month.  I am going to modify the info sheet which is
sent out in response to all subscription requests to indicate how to
retrieve the FAQs.  The best thing would be if all BIOSCI users
subscribed to BIONEWS/bionet.announce, but we don't force this on
people.

Happy Holidays!

Dave

Newsgroups: bionet.general
From: astwood@ccu.umanitoba.ca (James Astwood)
Subject: ESTs - Standards?
Organization: University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Date: Mon, 21 Dec 1992 19:50:00 GMT

I noticed that the latest release of GenBank (74.0) has created a new
sub-division for ESTs (a.k.a. Craig Venter's human brain cDNA bits).  This
is welcome (I think), but I can't find any good definitions or standards for
ESTs.  For example. how long does a cDNA need to be for it to be considered an
EST?  Also, should I dust off all those partial cDNA sequences I've
generated in the last five years that turned out to be uninteresting or
irrelevant to my projects?  Does species matter?

-   Jim Astwood
    Department of Plant Science
    The Univesity of Manitoba



-- 
James D. Astwood                    E-Mail: Astwood@ccu.UManitoba.CA
Department of Plant Science         Phone:  (204)-474-6064
University of Manitoba              FAX:    (204)-261-5732
Winnipeg, Manitoba, CANADA          Postal:  R3T 2N2
From: kristoff@NET.BIO.NET (Dave Kristofferson)
Newsgroups: bionet.general
Subject: Re: New Joural: Computational Biology
Date: 30 Dec 92 21:10:40 GMT
Distribution: bionet

> In article <1992Dec23.194959.17413@dartvax.dartmouth.edu> Robert.H.Gross@dartmouth.edu (Robert H. Gross) writes:
> 
>    Could you please provide more info on how to subscribe to this new
>    journal. How much is a subscription and who do we contact to actually
>    subscribe.
> 
> I did not think I could provide the subscription information due to
> NSFNet commercial rules.  For information, contact:
> 
> Mary Ann Leibert, Inc.
> 1651 Third Avenue
> New York, NY 10128
> 212-289-2300
> 212-289-4697
> 
> If Dave K. says it's OK I will post the subscription info.
> 
> dan davison

Dave K. says it's O.K. 8-) since this falls under the NSFnet category
of being "in support of research and education."  If someone posts a
request for information, commercial concerns may respond to it.
Responses should be informational in nature and not hyped up with
advertising jargon.

				Sincerely,

				Dave Kristofferson
				BIOSCI/bionet Manager

				kristoff@net.bio.net

Newsgroups: bionet.general