HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: roush@stortek.com (Jeff Roush)
Subject: Re: Freshman QB's....
Keywords: any impact players...
Organization: Storage Technology Corp.
Date: Fri, 9 Oct 1992 14:24:55 GMT

In article <Bvr938.D8y@mentor.cc.purdue.edu> landers@mentor.cc.purdue.edu (Hazard Class Mage) writes:
>In article <ld3741INN18e@cronkite> andy@misha.Central.Sun.COM writes:
>>WHen was the last TRUE frosh to play QB at a major college & play well ?
>>Andy Knipp                    |
>
>Well, it certainly wasn't Jeff George, who played like aragant shit
>his freshman year at Purdue, we were glad to see him go.  Come
>to think of it, he's still playing like aragant shit at Indy....
>
>   <===========================><===============================>
>   || Christopher Landers      ||  Stamp Out Silly Signatures! ||
>   <============== landers@mentor.cc.purdue.edu ================>

He was still arrogant when he was a senior and spouted off that
he was gonna rip Colorado's defense.  Wonder if he was thinking about
that as he sat on the bench after being knocked silly from sack after
sack, and losing 38-0.  Funny thing is, the Illini beat CU the next year
without him (well, maybe not so funny |-I).

CU in Miami (1 down -barely-, 6 to go)

Jeff_Roush@stortek.com
my opinions are my own...
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
From: jvbutera@grad04.math.ncsu.edu (Jeffrey V. Butera)
Subject: Re: ACC Preview
Organization: NCSU Mathematics Dept.
Distribution: usa
Date: Thu, 8 Oct 1992 12:13:59 GMT

In article <1992Oct7.195336.29636@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU> jbc4m@holmes.acc.Virginia.EDU (John B. Carr) writes:
CLEMSON AT VIRGINIA: Virginia's offense has been scoring an average

BAD SCENARIO:
	Clemson: Moncrief is not quarterback, Hatfield mixes up the
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
could be ENTIRELY possible after Moncrief injured himself. 

SCORE: Clemson 28  UVa 13
 John Carr                           UNIX Support Specialist
 jbc4m@virginia.edu                  Academic Computing, Gilmer Hall


-- 
Jeff Butera            DISCLAIMER: I claim absolutely nothing.
Math Graduate Student
N.C. State University    "Still looking for a witty quote." 
jvbutera@math.ncsu.edu                           -Brad Halls
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
From: jrblack@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (James R Black)
Subject: Re: Big East Preview for October 10, 1992
Organization: The Ohio State University
Date: Fri, 9 Oct 1992 18:06:29 GMT

In article <Bvv13F.MKJ@acsu.buffalo.edu> v262xxve@ubvmsd.cc.buffalo.edu (Timoth
y C Pitts) writes:
>Big East Preview for October 10
>
>PITTSBURGH (2-3,0-2)
>Last week:  Lost to Maryland (1-4), 47-34.  Pitt continues to struggle
>and the defense is weak.  Maryland is certainly better than their record
>indicates, but Pitt should have been able to take this one.

     Let's see....  Pitt is 95th in total defense.  Their leading tackler
in this game was the nickel back.  They are on pace to shatter the school
record for points given up in a season (393..1968).  Ricky Jackson, Chris
Doleman, Mike Ditka, Marty Schottenheimer, et.al. must be really proud.

>This week:  Notre Dame (3-1-1).  Alex Van Pelt always plays well against the
>Irish, but rarely well enough to win it.  This game will be no different.
>The underachievers will fold in the face of an angry Lou Holtz.
>        ^^
          Sorry pal, not this year's team.  A team must have talent for this
to be true.  Hackett has neglected the recruiting of defensive players.

     Also, to blame Van Pelt is ridiculous.  He is the number 1 rated passer
in the Big East and the number 2 rated passer in the country.  He also is
on pace to finish in the TOP FIVE ALL-TIME career total yardage in the
NCAA.  The guy gets a bad rap... just for losing a few games. :-)

     To ND fans: Who has accumulated more passing yardage against ND in
their career?  Yup, Alex Van Pelt.
-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|  Jim Black     |    jrblack@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu                       |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
From: murphy@rock.enet.dec.com ()
Subject: Re: Miami Can Not Be Denied!!!
Reply-To: murphy@rock.enet.dec.com ()
Organization: Digital Equipment Corporation
Distribution: usa
Date: Tue, 13 Oct 1992 14:06:27 GMT


In article <1992Oct13.040210.4712@colorado.edu>, manu@tigger.cs.Colorado.EDU (K. S. Manu) writes:
|> Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
|> Path: ryn.mro4.dec.com!nntpd.lkg.dec.com!news.crl.dec.com!deccrl!caen!spool.mu.edu!agate!boulder!tigger!manu
|> From: manu@tigger.cs.Colorado.EDU (K. S. Manu)
|> Subject: Re: Miami Can Not Be Denied!!!
|> Message-ID: <1992Oct13.040210.4712@colorado.edu>
|> Sender: news@colorado.edu (The Daily Planet)
|> Nntp-Posting-Host: tigger.cs.colorado.edu
|> Organization: University of Colorado, Boulder
|> References: <3M6-h5#@engin.umich.edu> <1992Oct12.030351.17003@colorado.edu> <yvonne.718931773@well.sf.ca.us>
|> Distribution: usa
|> Date: Tue, 13 Oct 1992 04:02:10 GMT
|> Lines: 29
|> 
|> In article <yvonne.718931773@well.sf.ca.us> yvonne@well.sf.ca.us (Yvonne Lee) writes:
|> >
|> >>>Stanford or CAL.   Don't be surprised if Miami does match up with Stanford
|> >>>in a Bowl game (Provided that Stanford loses to Washington).  
|> >
|> >>No chance.. I think Miami is going to stay unbeaten now which means they
|> >>will be playing the highest ranked available team in some bowl game
|> >>which probably will be A&M or FSU given their current ranking... There is
|> >>no way Stanford is going to jump in front of these teams unless they
|> >>beat Washington.
|> >
|> >>>- Chung Yang   
|> >
|> >>Njan
|> 
|> 
|> >A&M is committed to play in the Cotton Bowl if they win the SWC (extremely
|> >likely), and I think the ACC champion is committed to a bowl (Citrus?), so I
|> >don't think this scenario would happen.
|> 
|> ACC champion is NOT bound to any bowl.. so is big east champ. So, if Miami
|> stays unbeaten, they could play in ANY of the 4 bowls ( orange, cotton, sugar
|> or Fiesta (?)). Who they play will depend on their ranking as well as their
|> opponents ranking... which can be cotton to play SWC champ, Orange to play
|> Big 8 champ, Sugar to play SEC champ (?) or Fiesta to play ACC champ (?)
|> It is very unlikely that the PAC 10 runnerup playing an undefeated Miami
|> since it's hard to imagine them being #4 (or higher) with more than 1 loss.
|> 
|> Njan

This is news to me.  And it should be to you as well, Njan.  Look two years
back into your crystal ball, and remember why #1 Ga Tech could not play #2
Colorado in the Orange Bowl. Unless you ARE really on top of things (which
I will give you credit for! Did I say that?) and the ACC contract with the
Citrus has run out.  But the last three years(at least) the Citrus has had
the ACC champ (UVa, G Tech, Clempsun)

Murph
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
From: ellingrw@infonode.ingr.com (Bob Ellington)
Subject: Re: Miss St 14, Auburn 7
Organization: Intergraph Corporation, Huntsville, AL.
Date: Mon, 12 Oct 1992 23:17:06 GMT

In article <1992Oct11.153351.1@ducvax.auburn.edu>, swanger@ducvax.auburn.edu writes:
> Mississipi St.  14
> Auburn           7
> 
> Sigh.
> 
...stuff deleted...
> I watched most of the first half on TV and listened to the second half on
> the radio.  Auburn's offense looked/sounded erratic to me (sound familiar ?).  
> They would look good for a few plays and then stink for a few plays.  Not
> much continuity.  The MS offense wasn't that much better, but they were
> better.  MS 3rd string qb Todd Jordan did pretty good, 13 for 27, 144 yards
> (NO INTERCEPTIONS).  The Auburn defense only gave up 2 fgs and a 2 pt
> conversion, so it is hard to blame the loss on them.  Auburn's offense had
> several chances but just couldn't seem to pull it together.

For a 3rd string QB and punter Jordan did great.  Of course if he does 
many more of those dive plays Jackie S. will have a heart attack.

> 
> While I'm at it, in the 2nd half, Auburn was called for defensive pass
> intereference.  The AU announcers (never known for their objectivity) swore
> it should have been offensive pass interference instead.  The play gave MS a
> big gain.  I didn't see the play, so I don't know.  How about it, those of
> you who saw the play, what do you think??  (be honest now...)

Honest, it should have been offensive.  This was one of the worst 
officiated games I have seen in a long time.  The calls were awful both 
ways.  But bad refs or not, Auburn killed themselves by dropping 400 
easy to catch passes.  It was disgusting!  

What I want to know is, how come our punter couldn't even get out of the
endzone after a 63 yard punt?  And how come some Auburn player didn't 
come off the sideline and tackle him on the punt return?:) (Well, it 
would have been a penalty, but no TD right?)


> 
> Oh well, next week, Auburn versus Florida in Gainesville.  I'll be there!!
> 
> -- 
> David Swanger,   Auburn University, Alabama,   swanger@accs.duc.auburn.edu 

Can't make it, is it on TV or PPV?

Bob (It's great to be a Gator Hater) E.
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
From: weiser@pogo.den.mmc.com (Matt Weiser)
Subject: Oh, to play a ranked team...
Organization: Martin Marietta WIS
Distribution: usa
Date: Mon, 12 Oct 1992 17:30:53 GMT

Just when I thought my lovable Buffs would get to (finally) play a ranked
team, OU goes and gets its yearly butt kicking by Texas and falls out
of the top 25.  It looks like we'll have to wait until Nebraska!

Ack! KU is ranked ahead of OU!!!   Hee hee hee hee hee hee hee! :-)

Thanks for nothing...

Really, I think that this weekend between OU & CU will finally be a
test to see if we deserve the number 7 ranking we have.  I hope Koy
plays as well as he has in his other appearances, and I hope the game
is more exciting than 6 - 0.

Matt Weiser
weiser@pogo.den.mmc.com
..who hates to see OU or NU lose to anyone!  *NOT*
From: tannerg@carson.u.washington.edu (Glenn Tanner)
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
Subject: Re: Miami - FSU
Date: 7 Oct 92 19:00:23 GMT
Article-I.D.: u.1992Oct7.190023.11973
Organization: University of Washington, Seattle

jfawcett@encore.com (Jason "Go Ahead and Hate Me, I'm a Cane" Fawcett) writes:

>>   As the announcers
>>  pointed out, if the offense makes an illegal forward pass in the inzone,
>>  the other team has the option of accepting the penalty, or declining it,
>>   and taking the result of the forward pass which would mean a touchdown
>>   for the Canes.  The canes were not given a choice. 
>
>|From: billms@eecs.umich.edu (William Mangione-Smith)
>|The defense has the choice of accepting the penalty, thus getting the saftey,
>|or not accepting the penalty thus getting the incomplete pass.  Thats the
>|choice.  The announcers are idiots who are generally incapable of
>|interpreting the rule book.  The Canes never were entitled to a choice of
>|taking a touchdown.  The *choice* comes in because an offensive penalty in
>|the endzone (why do you continue to call it inzone?) gives the offended team
>|the choice of taking the safety or not. 
>
>Keith Jackson is no idiots.   Interpreting the rules one needs a book, not
>just stating a opinion.   

Yes, and half a brain.  Keep reading.

>But, the defense doesn't have the choice.  The
>choice goes to the offended team, in this case Miami.
>
>NCAA Rule Book ( Rule 7c in the section on snapping and passing the ball)
>
>Rule 7C " IF ANY ILLEGAL PASS IS THROWN FROM THE END ZONE,  THE OFFENDED
>TEAM MAY ACCEPT A SAFETY OR DECLINE THE PENALTY AND ACCEPT THE RESULT OF
>THE PLAY."

If you'll look around in your little book some more, I'm sure you find a 
rule that says something like, "Any forward pass which is not caught before 
the ball hits the ground shall be ruled incomplete."  Thus, if you want to 
decline the penalty and take the play, which was an incomplete pass, it would
be FSU`s ball at the 1-2 yard line.  Why that official signaled TD is beyond
me, but I'm sure some of the other officials reminded him that by purposely
tossing the ball forward to another FSU player, Sawyer had attempted an illegal
forward pass (hence the penalty), and had not "fumbled" the ball.

GT
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
From: gidi@Hilbert.Stanford.EDU (Gidi Avrahami)
Subject: Rushing Yards Question (Stanford/UCLA)
Organization: Brotherhood Of Breath
Date: Thu, 15 Oct 1992 20:31:32 GMT

tremblay@leland.Stanford.EDU (Marc Tremblay) writes:
>The Stanford defense was very impressive in stopping the
>run, holding the Bruins to 36 yds

The final stats say that the Bruins rushed for -4 yards (that's
NEGATIVE FOUR for the non-techie among you).  Rob Walker is listed
with more than 40 negative yards, on sacks and such, I assume.  But
the stats also said "Team -10", i.e negative 10 yards rushing charged
to the team.  Anybody knows what's that about?


--Gidi

Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
From: dhead@comanche.ess.harris.com (David Head)
Subject: Re: The Bowl Coalition fails yet again
Date: Wed, 14 Oct 1992 12:26:20 GMT
Reply-To: dhead@comanche.ess.harris.com
Organization: Harris Semiconductor, Melbourne  FL


The Bowl Coalition can't fail "yet again" because this is the first year it is
going to be in effect.  And it is not actually failing, it's just not being allowed
to work because the snooty Rose Bowl prefers to be picky picky choosy about who
plays in their dusty old bowl game.  Until the Rose Bowl stranglehold is broken,
I don't feel that Washington or Michigan or any of the other Rose Bowl eligible
teams can complain if they don't win a national championship.  To the University
of Washington; if you truly want to be national champs and earn some respect for
your allegedly stilted west coast brethren, then come out from behind the Rose
Bowl fence and take on Miami (or Florida State I'm hoping).  Looks like it's
"tradition" or national respect.  You choose.
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
From: jac1@ra.msstate.edu (Jennifer Cox)
Subject: Re: Biggest Rivalry in the Country?
Organization: Mississippi State University
Distribution: usa
Date: Sat, 10 Oct 1992 14:27:05 GMT

reza@magellan.ae.utexas.edu (Alireza Vali) writes:


>There are many others, but the above are very intense.

I think the Ole Miss - Miss State is about as intense as it gets.
Miss State hates Ole Miss (even to the point of saying GO TO HELL OLE MISS)
after the prayer at any game.  Ole Miss people think Miss State
people are a bunch of rednecks and we (Miss State) just hate Ole
Miss.  I must say I got admitted to their medical school, but  I will
never, repeat never cheer for them or their football team or even
wear a shirt associating me with them...OH well.

Jennifer
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
From: crs@stein.u.washington.edu (Cliff Slaughterbeck)
Subject: Re: AP Top 25 (Was Re: Miami Can Not Be Denied!!!)
Organization: University of Washington, Seattle
Distribution: usa
Date: Tue, 13 Oct 1992 22:22:47 GMT

TJFAN@WATSON.IBM.COM writes:

>And please remember, the #1 should be decided by who has a better record, not by
>who is a better team. Therefore, if both teams finish undefeated then there should
>be another split MNC, assuming that Michigan remains undefeated and lose in the
>Rose Bowl.

This is your opinion.  I, for one, beg to differ.  Votes for #1 indicate who
the voter thinks is the best team in the nation.  I had no problems with
Miami and Washington being co-champions last year (other than the standard
wish that we could have seen them play...), but both teams played reasonable
schedules including a number of good highly ranked teams (UW--Nebraska, Cal,
Stanford, Michigan; Miami--Nebraska, FSU, PSU).  I would not be so generous
if Fresno State would have been undefeated at the end of the year.

****************************************************************************
Cliff Slaughterbeck           * 
Dept. of Physics, FM-15       *   Hey Matt!  The diffusion pump is full of
University of Washington      *   water again!
Seattle, WA 98195             *
****************************************************************************
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
From: jli@bingham.utah.edu (Jianliang Li)
Subject: UTAH 38 : HAWAII 17
Organization: University of Utah
Distribution: na
Date: Sun, 11 Oct 92 03:22:25 GMT


	Utah (4-1) is looking for its first post-season bowl game in a couple
of decades.  Its only loss is a non-conference game at #11 Nebraska.   


	********************************
	JLI  PENN STATE '90   UTAH '2000
	********************************
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
From: chee1jz@Elroy.UH.EDU
Subject: Re: ACC Preview
Reply-To: chee1jz@Elroy.UH.EDU
Organization: University of Houston
Distribution: usa
Date: Thu, 8 Oct 1992 02:07:40 GMT

In article <1992Oct7.195336.29636@murdoch.acc.Virginia.EDU>, jbc4m@holmes.acc.Virginia.EDU (John B. Carr) writes:
>In article <Bvr1uu.94A@news.larc.nasa.gov>, cockrel@shab06.larc.nasa.gov
>(Charlie Cockrell) writes:
>|> 
>|> CLEMSON AT VIRGINIA: Virginia's offense has been scoring an average
>of
>|> 45 points per game this season. Although the passing game looked
>flat
>|> last week against Wake, Goodman has been putting up good numbers
>this
>|> season and UVa has a talented corps of receivers. Terry Kirby has
>been
>|> mentioned as an outside Heisman candidate after rushing for
>|> over 200 yards two games in a row. Virginia's defense has been shaky
>|> against the run, which could cause them problems against the Tigers.
>|> Also, Clemson has never been 0-3 in the ACC, so they will be playing
>|> with a lot of emotion. I'd look for a close, relatively low scoring
>game
>|> with UVa pulling it out in the end. Virginia 24 Clemson 21
>|> 
>
>GOOD SCENARIO:
>	UVa Offense: Welsh establishes the run with the pass, preventing 8 or 9
>man fronts, UVa line is able to create holes in Clemson defense. 
>Receivers don't drop balls, Goodman stops overthrowing and throwing INTs
>(and fumbling).
>
>	UVa Defense: Clemson is truely as one-dimensional as they appeared
>against FSU and especially Ga Tech, allowing UVa to concentrate on the
>run and go with 9 men up front.  UVa defense is actually able to stop a
>quality running game.
>
>	Clemson: Moncrief is quarterback, Hatfield calls only running plays.
>
>SCORE: UVa 27  Clemson 21
>
>BAD SCENARIO:
>	UVa Offense: Welsh attempts to establish the run first.  Clemson shuts
>it down, Goodman is forced to pass all day, many INTs are thrown.
>
>	UVa Defense: Proves as unable to stop the run as they did last week
>against Wake.  Clemson amasses 400+ yards on the ground and time of
>possession is something like Clemson 45:00  UVa 15:00.
>
>	Clemson: Moncrief is not quarterback, Hatfield mixes up the
>play-calling.
>

	Give Moncrief a break.  He has played very well, considering the time
he's been allowed to pass.  The true weakness on offense is the offensive line.
Although #300+ and very strong, they haven't been able to move defensive fronts
until the third quarter, and haven't shown any skills at pass protection.  Wait
till they gel and then criticize the quarterback.



>SCORE: Clemson 28  UVa 13
>
>Pick your favorite.
>--
>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> John Carr                           UNIX Support Specialist
> jbc4m@virginia.edu                  Academic Computing, Gilmer Hall
> 804/982-4710                        University of Virginia
>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
From: manu@tigger.cs.Colorado.EDU (K. S. Manu)
Subject: Re: The Bowl Coalition fails yet again
Organization: University of Colorado, Boulder
Date: Thu, 15 Oct 1992 04:12:59 GMT

In article <1992Oct14.210127.15343@u.washington.edu> sujan@stein.u.washington.edu (Sujan Punyamurthula) writes:
>Now dont say Colorado or Wash State is going to be 
>the National Champ!


Let's not be hasty in making that assumption... CU is not out of the
picture yet. They are very much in the picture...

Wash state!?! No comments about that.

Next couple of weeks should give an indication how good the buffs are
this year.

Njan
From: garnto@vaxdad.scri.fsu.edu (Ken Garnto, SCRI, 904/644-4534)
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
Subject: Re: Bobby.Bowden.sucks.sucks.sucks
Keywords: replacement for the saint..
Date: 7 Oct 92 20:18:00 GMT
Distribution: usa
Organization: Supercomputer Computations Research Institute
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41

In article <1992Oct6.221112.7887@mailer.cc.fsu.edu>, kdelgado@loligo.cc.fsu.edu (Kevin Delgado) writes...
* 
*Who else would I rather have....well, a few years ago there was this guy from
*the state of washington...what was his name...something like Erickson I think.
*:)


i was upset after the game, also.  but i can remember fsu before bobby.  i would
much rather see you leave before bobby does.

make your self feel better, go to champs and buy a miami hat.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Kenneth A. Garnto                               garnto@scri.fsu.edu
 Supercomputer Computations Research Institute   garnto@fsu   (BITnet)
 Florida State University                        scri::garnto (HEPnet/SPAN)
 Tallahassee, Florida 32306                      (904)644-4534
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: davem@uvmark.uucp (Dave Meeks)
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
Subject: Re: Miami Can Not Be Denied!!!
Date: 12 Oct 92 04:02:52 GMT
Organization: Vmark Software, Inc.

In article <39347@sdcc12.ucsd.edu> kprashan@sdcc3.ucsd.edu (hyderabadi) writes:
>
>Using the argument of beating a bad team at home vs. beating a
>good team on the road,
>remember when Miami stayed home and beat a perenially over-rated Nebraska team
>in the OrangeBowl last season while Washington beat up on Michigan in the Rose
>Bowl. I suppose it was wrong to make Miami #1 in the AP poll, eh? 

I look at the Washington victory as more of a plus than the Miami victory,
in that since, but I still give Miami the edge (or at worst agree with the
tie) due to other teams they played and beat, like FSU, PSU, etc...  
-- 
David T. Meeks                    ||" We are jigsaw pieces, aligned on the 
VMark Software, Inc.              ||  perimeter edge, 
uvmark!davem@merk.com             ||  interlocked through a missing piece"
davem%uvmark@merk.com             ||" ...This world is totally Fugazi"
From: paul@gergo.tamu.edu (From under the rock of Paul Stine)
Newsgroups: rec.sport.football.college
Subject: What he said (was Re: Gupta Power Ratings 10/5/92)
Date: 7 Oct 92 19:01:00 GMT
Article-I.D.: gergo.7OCT199213015708
Organization: Geochemical and Environmental Research Group - TAMU
News-Software: VAX/VMS VNEWS 1.41

In article <1992Oct6.211108.1202@zip.eecs.umich.edu>, rjones@dip.eecs.umich.edu (Randolp
h M. Jones) writes...
> 
> ... football isn't an exact science.

	  I guess these five words, pretty much, sum it all up.

	  A similiar quote by Art Cashion (floor manager at the 
	New York Stock Exchange for Paine Weber) says, 'The race
	does not always go to the most fleet of foot, nor the
	fight to the most strong, but that's the way to bet 'em.'

-Paul

	-------------------------------------------------------------
	Paul E. Stine  TAMU '83		Geochemical and Environmental
	aka "barkeeper"			       Research Group
	PAUL@GERGO.TAMU.EDU	  College of Geosciences and Marine Studies
					    Texas A&M University
					
	  The opinions expressed here are not necessarily those of 
	 the Texas A&M University System. I'm not even sure they are 
	 mine, as I think I had my opinion removed as a small child.
	-------------------------------------------------------------