HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: kmr4@po.CWRU.edu (Keith M. Ryan)
Newsgroups: rec.audio
Subject: Re: I just tested DCC and MD...
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 1992 15:57:40 GMT
Organization: Case Western Reserve University
NNTP-Posting-Host: b64635.student.cwru.edu

In article <29671@castle.ed.ac.uk> sss@castle.ed.ac.uk (S S Sturrock) writes:
>I did an intresting test recently with a DCC deck and recorded a CD through
>the analogue inputs, the sound was actually slightly clearer from the DCC!
>What I did notice though was an almost subconcious feeling of `holes' in
>the soundfield.
>
>On the other hand, the DCC deck didn't sound much different from any other
>digital deck I have heard.  Poor.

	If the noise was in the CD recording and/or playback, then if the 
DCC was faithfull to the signal, it would record it also. If not, well it 
has changed the original signal. 


		        * * * * * * * * * * * * * *  
			* * * * * * * * * * * * * * 
		        * *      The Truth      * *  
			* * Is still  the Truth * *   
		        * * Even If  You Choose * *   
			* *     To Ignore it.   * *  
			* * * * * * * * * * * * * *  
	                * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
From: qazi@csd4.csd.uwm.edu (Aamir Hafeez Qazi)
Newsgroups: rec.audio
Subject: Re: noise reduction
Date: 18 Dec 1992 17:18:30 GMT
Organization: Computing Services Division, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee
Distribution: rec
NNTP-Posting-Host: 129.89.7.4

In article <1992Dec18.1501.14590@channel1> "herb chong" <herb.chong@channel1.com> writes:
>WI=>What are the differences (qualitatively) between Dolby C noise
>  =>reduction and dbx noise reduction?  I have them both on my home tape
>  =>deck.  I'm considering buying a new car stereo, and I want to get one
>  =>with the best noise reduction (out of the ones that my home deck
>  =>supports.)
>
>i don't think you will find a car stereo with dbx has ever been made.
>also, Dolby C car decks are few and far between. make tapes for the car
>with Dolby B unless you have an extremely quiet car.

--It's true that you probably won't find a car stereo with dbx noise
  reduction.  If you want one with Dolby C, get a Denon.  I had one for
  a while, and was extremely pleased with it.

--Aamir Qazi

-- 

Aamir Qazi
qazi@csd4.csd.uwm.edu
--Why should I care?  I'd rather watch drying paint.
Newsgroups: rec.audio
From: philb@techbook.com (Phil Biehl)
Subject: WANT: Hafler DH-220 power amp modifications.
Organization: TECHbooks of Beaverton Oregon - Public Access Unix
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 22:04:34 GMT

If anyone has a list of mods that enhance the performance of the 220 I'd
like to get a copy. 

Thanks much,
Phil Biehl
Home Row, Inc.


-- 
philb@techbook.COM  Public Access User --- Not affiliated with TECHbooks
Public Access UNIX and Internet at (503) 220-0636 (1200/2400, N81) 
Newsgroups: rec.audio
From: gfl@herahera.cc.bellcore.com (lenahan,grant f)
Subject: Re: DAC to ADC components? Snake Oil??
Organization: Bellcore, Livingston, NJ
Distribution: rec.audio, sci.electronics
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 92 18:30:48 GMT
Summary: Zen, Engineering, and My Damned Opinions

Somebody wrote:
> : > My system consists of a Carver CT-6 pre-amp
> : > tuner, Carver TFM-25 amp, KEF 104.2 speakers.  I am an EE by training
> : > and do understand the technical aspects of these designs, but I can't 
> : > help being scheptical about the added benifit of such devices, since
> : > it appears that the audio world is approaching the limits of our 
> : > perceptability.

I wrote: 
> : You mix two statements.  One a question of absolute quality,
> : one of perceptability and/or value judgement.  I can never
> : help you define the latter; its _your_ value judegment.
> :   
avs.com (Joe Peterson) writes:  
> Havn't you ever read "Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance"?
> If so, you'll know that "absolute quality" cannot be defined either.
> But seriously, isn't quality in audio really just what sounds best?
> 
And finally, I respond ....

OoH, what an authoritative source.  Yea, I read it.

But you ask an interesting question (all others can zone out now):
In an artistic light, sure, what else matters.  But in a design, 
advance knowledge, bring better music to the market light, "sounds"
"good" must be highly qualified.  Through what associated components,
for example?  Should we design DACs that compensate for shitty
speakers, so that when speakers improve our DACs are shitty?

(no offense to speaker dsesigners out there - just an eg:)

On the other hand, I can't adhere to the "if it measures well,
it sounds well" school, because we don't always measure the
right things, or know how to weight and interpret them.  At
least I don't; JJ claims he does, and he amd his rich employer
are probably right.

In most cases, I'd rather strive for a quantitative "good",
within the bounds of what can be usefully quantified.  Sometimes
that involves double-blind listening on bunches of randomly
different stuff, other times its actually measured.  Unfortunately,
 too many companies claim to have reduced "reverberent quasi-random
ordered 1/2 isotope channel noise" to unheard of levels, or 
simply lump random, harmonic, IM, even and odd harmonics, and
all orders of the former in one giant, unweighted, useless
blob.  Sounds good is better than THAT mess, but is it really
productive?  I think not.

Grant



Xref: sparky rec.audio:16846 sci.electronics:20905
From: Ted_Eugene_Viens@cup.portal.com
Newsgroups: rec.audio,sci.electronics
Subject: Re: Good deals on scopes?
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 92 17:50:40 PST
Organization: The Portal System (TM)
  <BzBGyB.HCw@hfglobe.intel.com>

>Ted_Eugene_Viens@cup.portal.com writes:
>
>>>
>>>I'm looking for a source for a reliable scope at a nice price. I'm looking
>
>>(Tucker Elec., Rag Elec., etc.) for used HP and Tek 50 to 100 Mhz models at
>>Tucker Elec., Rag Elec., etc.) for used HP and Tek 50 to 100 Mhz models at
>>about the same prices...
>
>Please tell me more about the Tucker used scopes. Are they beat up? Do they
>have some of the newer models?
>
Tucker Elec. (800-527-4642) does sell a wide range of used scopes.  The older
ones do look used and may be gov. or military surplus.  My HP 180C was a little
used and abused, but after cleaning the switches and contacts it has worked
fairly well.  The screen has lost some of its brightness.  But I bought it from
a special sale at less than half of what a similar model cost in their current
catalog.  Still, I have gotten excellent service from Tucker and their sales-
people have made a special effort to follow up on any small problems.
I find the best offers in the 'Market Center' section of the hobbyist electroni
c
magazines.
Ted..
From: ss@wpi.WPI.EDU (Scott Streeter)
Newsgroups: rec.audio
Subject: Re: Help? Surround Sound Amplifiation Suggestions
Date: 15 Dec 92 08:07:09
Organization: Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609-2280
Distribution: usa
	<1992Dec12.134641.8886@lmpsbbs.comm.mot.com>
	<1992Dec15.001019.16366@eafs000.ca.boeing.com>
NNTP-Posting-Host: wpi.wpi.edu
In-reply-to: mjv8557@eafs000.ca.boeing.com's message of Tue, 15 Dec 1992 00:10:19 GMT

>>>>> On Tue, 15 Dec 1992 00:10:19 GMT, mjv8557@eafs000.ca.boeing.com (Mark J. Vandiver) said:

mjv8557> A10035@email.mot.com (Scott Lindsey) writes:

>In article <1992Dec11.223855.19544@speedy.aero.org>, jcd@punch (John C. Davis) writes:
>> 
>> I have an investment in my stereo and would like to upgrade to Dolby Pro  
>> Logic without scrapping my initial investment. I would like suggestions on  
>> how to add amplification to my system. (eg integrated amplifier w/ Pro  
>> Logic, Pro Logic w/o amplification and seperate amplifier etc...)
>> 
>> My current system is:
>> 
>> Adcom GTP 500? Remote Control Preamplifier Carver 1.0t Amplifier
>> B&W DM 220 Speakers

>I am in a similar situation with a high end 2 channel system.

>For about $400, you can get a Onkyo system (I'm not excited) which
>drives the rear at about 40 w/ch and the center at about 60 (I
>think). But I haven't seen a system which takes a hi-fi stereo input
>and puts out five line level outputs. When I do, I will probably pick
>it up, as long as it isn't too expensive. Then you can pick and
>choose all other amps and speakers..

mjv8557> I don't know what you call expensive, but I love my Yamaha
mjv8557> DSP A1000. The E1000 is not a preamp A/V switcher like the
mjv8557> A1000 is, but it has all the other functions for add on to a
mjv8557> PreAmp. Pro Logic, 7 channel surround, not 5, Has Amps on
mjv8557> board for all surround channels, Min 60 W and Max 100W. It
mjv8557> also manipulates the sound for Non ProLogic sources. You can
mjv8557> make the music,voice sound as if you are in a chappel, disco,
mjv8557> rock concert,... etc. 12 fully user definable functions. I
mjv8557> love it and think it is worht it at twice the price!! Well
mjv8557> worth looking at. It!!! the E1000 is around 800.00 

The cheapest I saw the E1000 was $1000. I got the DSP E200 instead. It
was $500. It has 6 modes (2 Pro-Logic). It is a 5 speaker set, not the
7 like the E1000. It is 25 Watts for the center and rear. I was told
at one place this would not be powerful enough, but the thing cranks,
when I play CD's through it. And LD's are a new experience. It all
depends what kind of set up your looking at. The room mine is in is
small, so the E200 suited my needs just fine.

--
 Scott Streeter                             Visit the Star Wars Archive at
 ss@wpi.wpi.edu                             wpi.wpi.edu       130.215.24.1
From: "tom betz" <tom.betz@execnet.com>
Newsgroups: rec.audio
Subject: shortwave radio query
Date: 13 Dec 92 04:59:28 EST
Reply-To: "tom betz" <tom.betz@execnet.com>
Distribution: rec
Organization: Executive Networks Information

Quoth Somebody regarding SHORTWAVE RADIO QUERY on 12-11-92:

J >>>I was always wondering why no-one makes a decent shortwave tuner
J >>>as an add on for a home stereo unit? The only ones you can get
J >>>are the portable type, say from Grundig or whoever. Do any
J >>>exist? If not, why?

Check out the (September?  August?) issue of Audio magazine for a review 
of an excellent computer-controlled shortwave tuner, made by Dymek.  It's 
around $1500, if I remember... just ad a PC-clone to run its control 
software!



---
  WinQwk 2.0 a#299  hardware:   The part you kick.
--
Executive Network Information System  (914) 667-4567
International ILink Host
Newsgroups: rec.audio,su.market
From: sugimoto@leland.Stanford.EDU (Edward Sugi Morimoto)
Subject: **Stereo Equipment for Sale**
Organization: DSG, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 92 19:24:59 GMT

I have the following pieces of stereo equipment that I am thinking of selling:

Denon DRA-425 50W/ch Receiver
Yamaha AVX 700 Dolby Pro-logic integrated amplifier
Nakamichi RX-202 autoreverse tape deck
Denon DCD-910 8x oversampling CD player

I'm not sure if I want to sell this stuff, but if I get reasonable offers
I would like to upgrade my system.
Newsgroups: rec.audio
From: laufer@math.luc.edu (Konstantin Laufer)
Subject: Re: Any Recommandations for Subwoofer around $300?
Reply-To: laufer@math.luc.edu
Organization: Loyola University Chicago
Date: Sun, 13 Dec 1992 21:36:48 GMT

In article <1992Dec13.105318.12003@noose.ecn.purdue.edu>, leejun@stable.ecn.purdue.edu (Jun H Lee) writes:
> Could anyone recommand nice subwoofer for around $300?

I'd be interested, as well.  I have an NAD 7240 receiver and Celestion
3 speakers.  Thank you,

-- 
-Konstantin [laufer@math.luc.edu]
From: battan@sequent.com (Jim Battan)
Newsgroups: rec.audio
Subject: Re: Test signals on a CD?
Date: 13 Dec 92 23:16:55 GMT
Article-I.D.: sequent.1992Dec13.231655.7689
Organization: Sequent Computer Systems Inc.

In article <1992Dec12.131754.19859@panix.com> schuster@panix.com (Michael Schuster) writes:
>In article <50336@shamash.cdc.com> gkc@freddie.udev.cdc.com (gordon k chace) writes:
>>wanting a test CD
>There is a great variety of such discs available - most imported and
>available only through sub-specialty dealers. Try:
>	db Systems

I bought the HiFi News test CD from dB a few months ago.  It's a good
test CD that covers all the various tests and has some great music
tracks too.
-- 
Jim Battan - Sequent Computer Systems, Beaverton, OR
battan@sequent.com or uunet!sequent!battan
+1 503 578 5129
Newsgroups: rec.audio
From: pcw@flutter.tv.tek.com (Patrick C. Wilkins)
Subject: Re: Separates vs. AV Reciever
Organization: Tektronix TV Products
Date: 14 Dec 92 17:54:04

The dspA1000 is intended to be a complete A/V switcher with all the power
amps. You add the tuner and other A/V sources. The Yamaha dspE1000 & E200
are to be added to an existing stereo system.
--

-------------------------------------------------------------------
    Pat Wilkins II
    A.K.A. Clif
    Email pcw@flutter.tv.tek.com
    Work 503-627-6525

-------------------------------------------------------------------
    Is Deja-vu real or is life just redundant???????
-------------------------------------------------------------------


Newsgroups: rec.audio
From: mjv8557@eafs000.ca.boeing.com (Mark J. Vandiver)
Subject: Re: Help? Surround Sound Amplifiation Suggestions
Organization: be41t
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 00:03:18 GMT

jcd@punch (John C. Davis) writes:

>I have an investment in my stereo and would like to upgrade to Dolby Pro  
>Logic without scrapping my initial investment. I would like suggestions on  
>how to add amplification to my system. (eg integrated amplifier w/ Pro  
>Logic, Pro Logic w/o amplification and seperate amplifier etc...)

>My current system is:

>Adcom GTP 500? Remote Control Preamplifier
>Carver 1.0t Amplifier
>B&W DM 220 Speakers
I have the Yamaha DSP (digital sound processor a1000) and I love it!
They do have an E1000 unit that is not a preamp, just a surround processor,
with the amps for center, rear, and front effect speakers. This is the only
consumer unit below 1000.oo that has a true 7 channel surround. Most have only
5 channels, they have the additional front effect speakjers. I ran without
these front effect speakers (not to be confused with the front main speakers)
and when I added them, I was taken back! it sounded phenomenal!!! THe other
C
C
C
C
C
C
B
B
B

B
D
D
D
D
D
C

The other plus for the Yamaha is that it provides for 12 other audio
surround modes that can be used with or wothout Dolby Surround on the 
source! They provide full rich sound tailored to your tastes. Go to
a Yamaha dealer and let him talk to you and show you how it sounds.
Magnolia Hi Fi is where I go. Prepare to be impressed!
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
Plus to the Yamaha is that it provides for 8 other digital
>Any suggestions would be appreciated?
>John C Davis
>jcd@punch.aero.org
Newsgroups: rec.audio
From: tpearson@titan.trl.OZ.AU (Trevor Pearson)
Subject: Re: Crossover question
Organization: Telecom Research Labs, Melbourne, Australia
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 1992 05:29:01 GMT

kevins@eng.auburn.edu (Kevin Sullivan) writes:
> Dig if you will the picture:
> 
> A 4 ohm tweeter with a 3.3 microfarad cap on the + terminal,
> as a first order (6 dB/octave) high pass filter, -3dB cutoff
> around 12kHz, right?
> 
> So I add this to my rear speakers of my van, but the tweeters 
> are way too loud, relative to the woofer (yes I have a big hole 
> in the midrange back there, the front speakers fill it in).  
> So I put two 10 ohm 10 watt resistors in series with the cap, so 
> I have:
> 
> amp + --------/\/\/\--------||--------- tweeter +
>               20 ohm      3.3MFD
>                                         (4 ohm)
> amp - --------------------------------- tweeter - 
> 
> Does this not change my crossover frequency to 2000 Hz?  If so 
> the system should sound terrible, but it sounds great (except 
> for the lack of mids when running only the rear speakers).  What's 
> going on here?
> 
> One more thing that might help or hinder analysis: this is the 
> Chrysler/Infinity sound system, where low power speaker level 
> signals are sent to the four corners of the vehicle.  This 
> signal goes directly to the tweeter of a coaxial speaker and 
> (in parallel) also to the input of a power amp for the woofer.  
> There's a small amp on the back of each speaker.  Don't know 
> the amp's input impedance but I'd guess pretty high relative 
> to the tweeter.
> 
> Please help me figure this out.  It sounds great, I just don't 
> want to blow the tweeters.
>
No need to worry. The -3dB point for the resistor will be 3KHz but the
speaker will still be -15dB @ 12Khz. I don't think your overall response
will be too flat, but if you are happy, why worry?
 
Xref: sparky rec.audio:17037 rec.video:14947
From: jdschnitzer@mv.com (Jeff Schnitzer)
Newsgroups: rec.audio,rec.video
Subject: Re: Any Recommandations for Subwoofer around $300?
Date: 20 Dec 92 12:56:11 GMT
Reply-To: jdschnitzer@schmac.mv.com
Distribution: na
X-Mailer: uAccess - Macintosh Release: 1.5v4


In article <1992Dec20.065043.17008@en.ecn.purdue.edu> (rec.audio,rec.video), 
syd@en.ecn.purdue.edu (Dennis P Hilgenberg) writes:
  >  
  >  Among those I know who feel the need to own a subwoofer, Velodyne seems to come
  >  highly recommended.  Unfortunately, none of these acquaintances understands the
  >  concept of "subtlety," preferring to "show off" the bass capabilities of their
  >  systems, much to the chagrin of those present.
  >  

I've owned a pair of Polk 12's for going on 15 years now.  This fall
I decided it was time to retire them and move to newer technology.
However, after auditioning many I decided that my Polk's were fine
but could use some assist in the low end.

I then auditioned subwoofers ranging in cost from $200 to $2000 (expecting
to spend $800 to $1000).  The Velodyne's did _much_ better than the
rest -- except that all active subwoofers added _much_ too much bass.  
I found the added emphasis artificial and more suited to a '70s disco.

If your amp has the power, consider a passive subwoofer.  (As an added
bonus, the passives are much less expensive than the actives.)

I wound up buying a new Klipsch passive subwoofer for $320 from a local 
storefront dealer.  The only problem with it is that its physically big.
Most of my friends have had the "why's the house not shaking off it's
foundation" reaction.  Myself, I prefer to listen to a clearer more
natural sound.

Happy shopping.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
--  Jeff Schnitzer         |  Internet: jdschnitzer@schmac.mv.com     --
--  9 Brook Drive          |            jdschnitzer@uscore.mv.com     --
--  Hudson, NH 03051-5103  |  GEnie:    JDSCHNITZER (checked weekly)  --
--   ->-> CARPE DIEM <-<-  |  Voice:    (603) 880-9121                --
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Newsgroups: rec.audio
From: ftsang@cadence.com (Frank Tsang)
Subject: AV PREAMP w/ PROLOGIC ADVICE SEEK
Followup-To: poster
Organization: Cadence Design Systems, Inc.
Distribution: usa
Date: Sat, 19 Dec 1992 03:09:10 GMT

I am in the market to look for a high quality,
especially audio aspect of it, AV preamp with
dolby prologic and other DSP modes.
The makes come up are:

Sony TAE2000ESD           $1200
Marantz AV-500            $900
Fosgate 4                 $1000

Does anyone have experience with any of these.
Other makes that you recommend or should be avoided,
are very much appreciated.

--
Regards,    + Frank Tsang                   |   ^++^    "__"    +
            + (408)-894-2448 (W)            |  @ oo @  @ .. @   +
Frank       + (408)-944-0424 (FAX)          |   ([])    (())    +
            + e-mail: ftsang@Cadence.COM    |   Heeelllloooo    +
From: stansbury-travis@yale.edu (Travis Stansbury)
Newsgroups: rec.audio
Subject: Re: PMI BUF-03
Date: 15 Dec 1992 12:42:33 -0500
Organization: Yale University
Distribution: na
NNTP-Posting-Host: minerva.cis.yale.edu

In article <BzB9K0.I1A@gpu.utcs.utoronto.ca> cmk@gpu.utcs.utoronto.ca (Chiu Kwong) writes:
>Hi, does anyone know where I can buy PMI BUF-03 buffers for a resonable 
>amount of money?    Sonic Frontiers in Canada wants CAN$80 each for them!
>
>Thanks!
Easy, call Michael Percy @ (415)669-7181.  or mail @ PO Box 526,
Inverness, CA 94937.  Get the BUF-03FJ version - not really only $12,
but still affordable, and just as good sounding as the mega-expensive AJ
milspec version (Theta uses the FJ).....Remeber to post your experiences
with the BUF-03 up to the net!!
-- 
   ______________________________________________________
   | Travis Stansbury, Yale '94  || 2358 Yale Station   |
   | travis@minerva.cis.yale.edu || New Haven, CT 06520 |
   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Newsgroups: rec.audio
From: nau@ssesco.com (William Nau)
Subject: Re: Ticking CD-player
Organization: SSESCO
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 1992 18:22:54 GMT

In article <d0neon.724507247@dtek.chalmers.se>, d0neon@dtek.chalmers.se (Mathias Kremer) writes:
|> 
|> 	I recently bought a new Technics SL-PG520A CD-player.
|> 	It produces an irritating ticking sound when playing
|> 	discs (i.e. not only when loading or searching).
|> 	I am very disappointed with this, and would like to
|> 	know if anybody else has experienced the same 
|> 	problems. Is there any way of fixing them?
|> 	The shop where I bought the machine says the sounds
|> 	are normal and that I was unlucky getting a player
|> 	that sounds louder than the average one.

I've never had a CD player make noise to the point that you
could hear it without putting your ear up against the player.
Take it back again.  Tell him that the demo you looked at there
didn't do it.  Tell him you aren't satisified.  Explain to them
that they replace it or give you your money back.  It's defective.
Maybe it's just louder than normal, but that's still a defect.
-- 
William R. Nau
Supercomputer Systems Engineering and Services Company (SSESCO)
511 11th Avenue South, Suite 216
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55415-1536
(612) 342-0003

nau@SSESCO.com
Newsgroups: rec.audio
From: kong@leland.Stanford.EDU (Kong Kritayakirana)
Subject: Ribbon Forever
Organization: DSG, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 92 11:11:39 GMT

  jeh@cmkrnl.com wrote:

> Maggie owners tend to LOVE their speakers.
> I used to love mine.
> However I've since switched back to cones (Vandersteen 2ci, later augmented
> by the 2w subwoofer).
> I really like the soundstaging and "transparency" that Magnepans deliver.
> However... as Corey Greenberg put it recently in _Stereophile_: Panel
> speakers don't rock, and never will.
> Translated, this means that they compress dynamic range.
> I found myself having to run the Magnepans at much higher volume levels than
> I was used to just to get the same "impact" out of the music.
> But if you listen to nothing but chamber music, you'll never notice the
> problem.
> (Also I got a little tired of a "sweet spot" that was only about 2" wide.)

In the defense of ribbon/planar speakers.....

I own a pair of (ahem) Carver Platinums. They never compress dynamic range.
They play louder than most dynamic speakers on the market. They sound better
than MG 3.3s. They cost less than MG 3.3s. They are easier to drive than most
speakers, regardless of type. They have wide sweet spot. They rock and roll.
They did. They do. They will. Check out these speakers before you dump
all ribbon speakers. One warning: If you ask to hear them at a store, make
sure they are at least 4 feet away from the wall. If you find the bass to
boomy or the high too bright, adjust the knobs on the back of the speakers.
If you find they give bad imaging, toe them in more. If you find the stage
too narrow, separate them more. They should be at least 6 feet away from
each other. Stereophile crew never like Carver stuff and will never review
any product made by Carver. Corey Greenberg writes for Stereophile. Need I
say more?

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kong Kritayakirana                          kong@leland.stanford.edu
EERA STAR Lab                   'An optimist believes we live in the best of
Stanford University              all possible worlds. A pessimist fears this
Stanford, CA 94305               is true.'     -- Advanced Murphology
----------------------------------------------------------------------------