From: leech@mahler.cs.unc.edu (Jon Leech)
Newsgroups: sci.space,sci.astro,news.answers
Subject: Diffs to sci.space/sci.astro Frequently Asked Questions
Date: 24 Jul 92 04:32:39 GMT
Expires: 6 Sep 92 04:32:36 GMT
Followup-To: poster
Organization: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Supersedes: <diffs_709497317@cs.unc.edu>

Archive-name: space/diff

DIFFS SINCE LAST FAQ POSTING (IN POSTING ORDER)

(These are hand-edited context diffs; do not attempt to use them to patch
old copies of the FAQ).

===================================================================
diff -t -c -r1.10 FAQ.intro
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a01628	Fri Jul 24 00:28:48 1992
--- FAQ.intro	Fri Jul 24 00:27:09 1992
***************
*** 143,153 ****
		  Camp / Space Commerce Corporation / Spacehab / SPOT Image
	      Other commercial space businesses

!     9   Schedules for space missions, and how to see them
	      Shuttle launchings and landings; schedules and how to see them
	      How to receive the NASA TV channel, NASA SELECT
	      Dial-A-Shuttle and how to use it
	      Amateur radio frequencies for shuttle missions

      10  Planetary probes - Historical Missions
	      US planetary missions
--- 143,154 ----
		  Camp / Space Commerce Corporation / Spacehab / SPOT Image
	      Other commercial space businesses

!     9   Space shuttle answers, launch schedules, TV coverage
	      Shuttle launchings and landings; schedules and how to see them
	      How to receive the NASA TV channel, NASA SELECT
	      Dial-A-Shuttle and how to use it
	      Amateur radio frequencies for shuttle missions
+	      Solid Rocket Booster fuel composition

      10  Planetary probes - Historical Missions
	      US planetary missions

===================================================================
diff -t -c -r1.10 FAQ.net
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a01633	Fri Jul 24 00:28:49 1992
--- FAQ.net	Fri Jul 24 00:27:16 1992
***************
*** 42,54 ****

  MAILING LISTS

!     SPACE Digest is the main Internet list. Email
!     space-request+@andrew.cmu.edu to join.

!     SPACE Magazine is an Internet list containing a distillation of
!     interesting material from SPACE Digest which may be of interest to
!     readers tiring of the signal-to-noise level in the digest. Email
!     space-mag-request+@andrew.cmu.edu to join.

      Space-investors is a list for information relevant to investing in
      space-related companies. Email Vincent Cate (vac@cs.cmu.edu) to join.
--- 42,58 ----

  MAILING LISTS

!     SPACE Digest is the main Internet list, and is now being run by the
!     International Space University (in only its second change of management
!     in over a decade). Email space-request@isu.isunet.edu (message body
!     should be in the format 'subscribe space John Public') to join. Note
!     that the moderated SPACE Magazine list is defunct at present for lack of
!     a moderator.

!     Elements is a moderated list for fast distribution of Space Shuttle
!     Keplerian Elements before and during Shuttle flights. NASA two line
!     elements are sent out on the list from Dr. Kelso, JSC, and other sources
!     as they are released. Email to elements-request@telesoft.com to join.

      Space-investors is a list for information relevant to investing in
      space-related companies. Email Vincent Cate (vac@cs.cmu.edu) to join.

===================================================================
diff -t -c -r1.10 FAQ.data
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a01638	Fri Jul 24 00:28:51 1992
--- FAQ.data	Fri Jul 24 00:27:05 1992
***************
*** 306,313 ****
      stop bit, no parity.

      This information is also available via anonymous FTP from
!     nachos.ssesco.com (192.55.187.18) in directory sat_elements/nasa.
!     (address problems with the server to elmquist@ssesco.com),

      Orbital elements for the Hubble Space Telescope are posted periodically
      to sci.astro by Mike Rose (mrose@stsci.edu), and a Macintosh program for
--- 306,315 ----
      stop bit, no parity.

      This information is also available via anonymous FTP from
!     nachos.ssesco.com (192.55.187.18) in directory sat_elements/nasa
!     (address problems with the server to elmquist@ssesco.com), as well as
!     kilroy.jpl.nasa.gov (128.149.1.165) in pub/space/elements/nasa and
!     pub/space/elements/molczan (contact cyamamot@kilroy.jpl.nasa.gov).

      Orbital elements for the Hubble Space Telescope are posted periodically
      to sci.astro by Mike Rose (mrose@stsci.edu), and a Macintosh program for

===================================================================
diff -t -c -r1.10 FAQ.references
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a01648	Fri Jul 24 00:28:53 1992
--- FAQ.references	Fri Jul 24 00:27:23 1992
***************
*** 190,195 ****
--- 190,200 ----
	      3303 NASA Road One
	      Houston, TX 77058-4399
	      If you want to order books, call (713)486-2172.
+
+	  Thomas A. Mutch, "Geology of the Moon: A Stratigraphic View",
+	  Princeton University Press, 1970. Information about the Lunar
+	  Orbiter missions, including maps of the coverage of the lunar
+	  nearside and farside by various Orbiters.

      SPACECRAFT MODELS


===================================================================
diff -t -c -r1.10 FAQ.constants
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a01653	Fri Jul 24 00:28:54 1992
--- FAQ.constants	Fri Jul 24 00:26:59 1992
***************
*** 114,121 ****
	      w=fd    -- Work (energy) is force times distance

	  Atmospheric density varies as exp(-mgz/kT) where z is altitude, m is
!	  molecular weight in kg of air, g is acceleration of gravity, T is
!	  temperature, k is Bolztmann's constant. Up to 100 km,

	      d = d0*exp(-z*1.42e-4)

--- 114,121 ----
	      w=fd    -- Work (energy) is force times distance

	  Atmospheric density varies as exp(-mgz/kT) where z is altitude, m is
!	  molecular weight in kg of air, g is local acceleration of gravity, T
!	  is temperature, k is Bolztmann's constant. On Earth up to 100 km,

	      d = d0*exp(-z*1.42e-4)


===================================================================
diff -t -c -r1.10 FAQ.schedule
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a01668	Fri Jul 24 00:28:57 1992
--- FAQ.schedule	Fri Jul 24 00:27:28 1992
***************
*** 1,7 ****
  Archive-name: space/schedule
! Last-modified: $Date: 92/06/25 14:17:57 $

! SCHEDULES FOR SPACE MISSIONS, AND HOW TO SEE THEM

      SHUTTLE LAUNCHINGS AND LANDINGS; SCHEDULES AND HOW TO SEE THEM

--- 1,7 ----
  Archive-name: space/schedule
! Last-modified: $Date: 92/07/24 00:27:24 $

! SPACE SHUTTLE ANSWERS, LAUNCH SCHEDULES, TV COVERAGE

      SHUTTLE LAUNCHINGS AND LANDINGS; SCHEDULES AND HOW TO SEE THEM

***************
*** 82,86 ****
--- 82,104 ----

      [This item was most recently updated courtesy of Gary Morris
      (g@telesoft.com, KK6YB, N5QWC)]
+
+
+     SOLID ROCKET BOOSTER FUEL COMPOSITION
+
+     Reference: "Shuttle Flight Operations Manual" Volume 8B - Solid Rocket
+     Booster Systems, NASA Document JSC-12770
+
+     Propellant Composition (percent)
+
+     Ammonium perchlorate (oxidizer)			  69.6
+     Aluminum						  16
+     Iron Oxide (burn rate catalyst)			  0.4
+     Polybutadiene-acrilic acid-acrylonitrile (a rubber) 12.04
+     Epoxy curing agent				  1.96
+
+     End reference
+
+     Comment: The aluminum, rubber, and epoxy all burn with the oxidizer.

  NEXT: FAQ #10/15 - Historical planetary probes

===================================================================
diff -t -c -r1.10 FAQ.new_probes
*** /tmp/,RCSt1a01678	Fri Jul 24 00:28:59 1992
--- FAQ.new_probes	Fri Jul 24 00:27:18 1992
***************
*** 4,19 ****
  UPCOMING PLANETARY PROBES - MISSIONS AND SCHEDULES

      This covers only NASA and Japanese (ISAS, NASDA) missions. Hard data on
!     other nations' (ESA, CIS) plans and updates due to the usual delays and
!     budget cuts would be welcome. Source: NASA fact sheets, CRAF/Cassini
!     Mission Design team, ISAS/NASDA launch schedules.


!     GALILEO - Jupiter orbiter and atmosphere probe. Has returned the first
!     resolved images of an asteroid, Gaspra, while in transit to Jupiter.
!     Efforts to unfurl the stuck High-Gain Antenna (HGA) are continuing, and
!     prospects for success seem to be improving. If the HGA cannot be
!     unfurled, science return at Jupiter will be severly limited.

	     Galileo Schedule
	     ----------------
--- 4,22 ----
  UPCOMING PLANETARY PROBES - MISSIONS AND SCHEDULES

      This covers only NASA and Japanese (ISAS, NASDA) missions. Hard data on
!     other nations' (ESA, CIS) plans, and updates due to the usual delays and
!     budget cuts would be welcome. Source: NASA fact sheets, Cassini Mission
!     Design team, ISAS/NASDA launch schedules.


!     GALILEO - Jupiter orbiter and atmosphere probe, in transit. Has returned
!     the first resolved images of an asteroid, Gaspra, while in transit to
!     Jupiter. Efforts to unfurl the stuck High-Gain Antenna (HGA) are
!     continuing, though eventual success appears less likely. If the HGA
!     cannot be unfurled, JPL has developed a backup plan using data
!     compression (JPEG-like for images, lossless compression for data from
!     the other instruments) which should allow the mission to achieve
!     approximately 70% of its objectives.

	     Galileo Schedule
	     ----------------
***************
*** 51,96 ****
      start 11/93 for one martian year (687 days).


!     CRAF (Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby) will meet with the Comet Kopff
!     near the orbit of Jupiter and travel along side it for at least three
!     years. Typical Kopff studies will include mass harmonics determination
!     orbits, a long period of close (79 km) observation orbits and tail
!     excursions at perihelion. Budgetary constraints resulted in the
!     elimination of the planned penetrator probe, and a 6 year delay in
!     arrival at Kopff. These dates are valid as of 12/17/91. As of 2/11/92,
!     CRAF is not funded in the Bush administration's proposed NASA budget,
!     though this may change.

-	   Key Scheduled Dates for the CRAF Mission
-	   --------------------------------------------
-	     04/09/97 - Titan IV/Centaur Launch
-	     07/04/98 - Mars Flyby (alt. 1805km, v=8.25 km/s)
-	     07/18/00 - Earth Flyby 1 (alt. 4208km, v=9.11 km/s)
-	     06/07/01 - Thisbe Flyby (alt. 8480km, v=5.2 km/s, 80 radii)
-	     10/25/02 - Fortuna Flyby (alt. 8000km, v=12.57 km/s, 80 radii)
-	     07/18/03 - Earth Flyby 2 (alt. 1176km, v=9.27 km/s)
-	     01/26/06 - Rendezvous Kopff
-	     05/25/09 - Perihelion
-	     09/30/09 - Nominal End of Mission


!     CASSINI - Saturn orbiter and Titan atmosphere probe.

!	   Key Scheduled Dates for the Cassini Mission (EJGA Trajectory)
	   -------------------------------------------------------------
!	     08/22/96 - Titan IV/Centaur Launch
!	     03/29/97 - 66 Maja Asteroid Flyby
!	     06/08/98 - Earth Gravity Assist
!	     02/06/00 - Jupiter Gravity Assist
!	     12/06/02 - Saturn Arrival
!	     03/27/03 - Titan Probe Release
!	     03/29/03 - Orbiter Deflection Maneuver
!	     04/18/03 - Titan Probe Entry
!	     06/30/03 - Iapetus Flyby
!	     05/20/04 - Dione Flyby
!	     09/12/04 - Enceladus Flyby
!	     08/14/05 - Iapetus Flyby
!	     12/31/06 - End of Primary Mission


      OTHER SPACE SCIENCE MISSIONS (note: this is based on a posting by Ron
--- 54,111 ----
      start 11/93 for one martian year (687 days).


!     The proposed CRAF (Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby) mission has been
!     killed. [And if the FAQ editor may be permitted a moment of intemperate
!     flamage, I hope those responsible for this travesty rot in Hell.]


+     CASSINI - Saturn orbiter and Titan atmosphere probe. Cassini is a joint
+     NASA/ESA project designed to accomplish an exploration of the Saturnian
+     system with its Cassini Saturn Orbiter and Huygens Titan Probe. Cassini
+     is scheduled for launch aboard a Titan IV/Centair in October of 1997.
+     After gravity assists of Venus, Earth and Jupiter in a VVEJGA
+     trajectory, the spacecraft will arrive at Saturn in June of 2004. Upon
+     arrival, the Cassini spacecraft performs several maneuvers to achieve an
+     orbit around Saturn. Near the end of this initial orbit, the Huygens
+     Probe separates from the Orbiter and descends through the atmosphere of
+     Titan. The Orbiter relays the Probe data to Earth for about 3 hours
+     while the Probe enters and traverses the cloudy atmosphere to the
+     surface. After the completion of the Probe mission, the Orbiter
+     continues touring the Saturnian system for three and a half years. Titan
+     synchronous orbit trajectories will allow about 35 flybys of Titan and
+     targeted flybys of Iapetus, Dione and Enceladus. The objectives of the
+     mission are threefold: conduct detailed studies of Saturn's atmosphere,
+     rings and magnetosphere; conduct close-up studies of Saturn's
+     satellites, and characterize Titan's atmosphere and surface.

!     One of the most intriguing aspects of Titan is the possibility that its
!     surface may be covered in part with lakes of liquid hydrocarbons that
!     result from photochemical processes in its upper atmosphere. These
!     hydrocarbons condense to form a global smog layer and eventually rain
!     down onto the surface. The Cassini orbiter will use onboard radar to
!     peer through Titan's clouds and determine if there is liquid on the
!     surface. Experiments aboard both the orbiter and the entry probe will
!     investigate the chemical processes that produce this unique atmosphere.

!     The Cassini mission is named for Jean Dominique Cassini (1625-1712), the
!     first director of the Paris Observatory, who discovered several of
!     Saturn's satellites and the major division in its rings. The Titan
!     atmospheric entry probe is named for the Dutch physicist Christiaan
!     Huygens (1629-1695), who discovered Titan and first described the true
!     nature of Saturn's rings.
!
!	   Key Scheduled Dates for the Cassini Mission (VVEJGA Trajectory)
	   -------------------------------------------------------------
!	     10/06/97 - Titan IV/Centaur Launch
!	     04/21/98 - Venus 1 Gravity Assist
!	     06/20/99 - Venus 2 Gravity Assist
!	     08/16/99 - Earth Gravity Assist
!	     12/30/00 - Jupiter Gravity Assist
!	     06/25/04 - Saturn Arrival
!	     01/09/05 - Titan Probe Release
!	     01/30/05 - Titan Probe Entry
!	     06/25/08 - End of Primary Mission
!	      (Schedule last updated 7/22/92)


      OTHER SPACE SCIENCE MISSIONS (note: this is based on a posting by Ron
***************
*** 151,158 ****
	  o SFU (Space Flyer Unit) [ISAS]
	      Conducting space experiments and observations and this can be
	      recovered after it conducts the various scientific and
!	      engineering experiments. SFU is to be launched/retrieved by the
!	      U.S. Space Shuttle.

      1994
	  o Polar Auroral Plasma Physics [May, Delta II rocket]
--- 166,173 ----
	  o SFU (Space Flyer Unit) [ISAS]
	      Conducting space experiments and observations and this can be
	      recovered after it conducts the various scientific and
!	      engineering experiments. SFU is to be launched by ISAS and
!	      retrieved by the U.S. Space Shuttle on STS-68 in 1994.

      1994
	  o Polar Auroral Plasma Physics [May, Delta II rocket]