HDTenEightyP/NetNews huggingface dataset:
From: linema@uni-paderborn.de (Lothar Sander)
Subject: Re: Home computer recommendations, DAVIS instruments, WEATHERPORT
Organization: Uni-GH Paderborn
Date: Tue, 15 Sep 1992 12:21:39 GMT

Hallo,

for the IBM-compatible PC`s are followed products on the market:

the complete weather stations: temperature, rain, humidity, windspeed, winddirection:
- the plug-in-card from DIGITAR named PCW,
- the external Weather stations from DAVIS instruments:
   perception II: temperature (in/out), humidity, barometric, alarm functions
   weather wizard II: without humidity and barometric, but with anemometer:
                       windspeed+winddirection and optional rain collector.
   weather monitor II; all from the upper + humidity(out optional)
      the winddirection is show on a windrose
 these models could be connected with a PC(serial interface), therefor you need the weatherlink which is a datalogger and the software for the PC.

- a innovative Meteorology Instrumention from WEATHERPORT:
   the model WS-10T is a Wind Station with anemometer, wind vane and temperature
     sensor which uses the standard Game Port of the PC
   the model WS-12T which uses the Parallel Port.

For the weatherstations from DAVIS and WEATHERPORT we are writing software.

If you are more intersted in these products so write to me.


I`ll pleasure to hear from you,

                                 Lothar.

+-------------------------------+--------------------------+
|  Lothar Sander                | email: linema@uni-pb.de  |
|  Meteorologische Datensysteme |                          |
|  Kircherweg 9                 | phone: [0049] 5251 65147 |
|D 4790 PADERBORN               | fax:   [0049] 5251 370200|
|  Germany                      |                          |
+-------------------------------+--------------------------+




























   +-------------------------------+--------------------------+
   |  Lothar Sander                | email: linema@uni-pb.de  |
   |  Meteorological Datasystems   |                          |
   |  Kircherweg 9                 | phone: [0049] 5251 65147 |
   |D 4790 PADERBORN               | fax:   [0049] 5251 370200|
   |  Germany                      |                          |
   +-------------------------------+--------------------------+

Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: dean@coconut.rsmas.miami.edu (Dean Churchill)
Subject: WANTED: Andrew Imagery
Organization: University of Miami/RSMAS
Date: Tue, 8 Sep 92 21:21:07 GMT

I would like to get some satellite images of
Hurricane Andrew, in .gif or similar formats.
Since the U. of Miami was without power
for  several days, I wasn't able to save
any images as they became available.

Anyone who could FTP some images to me
from around Sept. 24 and latter, please send
e-mail to dean@coconut.rsmas.miami.edu.

Thanks. 
-----------------------
Dean Churchill
Asst. Prof. of Meteorology
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmosperic Science
University of Miami
(305) 361-4048
From: mrk@bnr.co.uk (Malcolm King)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
Subject: Weather station
Date: 7 Sep 92 15:17:02 GMT
Organization: BNR Europe

Does anyone have information/recommendations about weather stations
suitable for connection to a PC or, preferably, a MAC?  For example,
I understand that a "Weather Wozard II" is available in the US;  are
there other similar stations available in N. America or Europe?
From: aberson@enh.nist.gov
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
Subject: Andrew GIFs
Date: 8 Sep 92 22:18:42 GMT
Organization: NIST

Does anybody have satellite GIFs of Andrew which they could make available
to me?  I would want them from August 22 or so to August 29.  Our computers
were turned off during the storm and for about a week afterwards for 
protection.  If someone can tell me where I can get them, or ftp them to
me I would really appreciate it.  Thanks.

       Sim Aberson   Ft. Lauderdale, FL   aberson%3328.span@sdsc.edu
"It's always Beach Party Barbie, or Malibu Barbie....  That shit does not
prepare you for the true horror of a real woman's life.  Where is Single,
Abused, Trailer-Park Barbie?"             - Roseanne Arnold
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: jackb@mdd.comm.mot.com (Jack Brindle)
Subject: Re: Watching AURORA TV
Organization: Motorola, Mobile Data Division - Seattle, WA
Distribution: na
Date: Tue, 8 Sep 1992 21:35:43 GMT

In article <1992Sep8.171616.9257@mailer.cc.fsu.edu> jward@louie.met.fsu.edu (Jeff Ward) writes:
>
>
>Hmmm, I'm a bit confused here.  I know it's possible to communicate via
>the aurora on VHF and UHF frequencies.  However, I always thought that
>signals propagated via the aurora were weak and fluttery.  I've never had
>the pleasure of viewing the aurora (not too many aurora days here in
>Tallahassee :-)), so correct me if I'm wrong, but it's hard to imagine
>good audio AND picture quality for any extended period of time from 
>distant TV stations whose signals are arriving via the aurora.  What 
>everyone has described so far sounds a lot like tropospheric ducting, which
>is (I think) among the more common means for UHF signals to travel beyond
>line-of-sight.  
>
>Typical ducting scenario:  At first, clear skies, cool temps near the ground,
>     with a temperature inversion at maybe 1km above the surface, and light
>     winds.  Signals fade as fog forms, wind picks up, or clouds form.
>

It's probably more typical to have ducting associated with a frontal system,
which were probably the conditions at the time (could the original poster
comment on the conditions?). This actually borders on the commonplace. It
is more of a situation of a lack of observers when the ducting occurs. If
you think about it, how often do you sit in front of your TV tuned to a
channel without a station you can watch, waiting for something neat to
occur. On ham radio, there are several "beacon" stations around that can
be used as an indicator of some propagation effect.

Some of the ducting situations can be quite lengthy, for example several
connections have been made at vhf from California to Hawaii. The signals
are usually quite good, and will slowly fade in and out, depending on how
fast things move.

On TV, ducting usually first appears at the lower channels. A tell-tale
sign is interference bars on channel 2 or 3. When you see that, switch
to an adjacent clear channel and wait for neat things to happen. If you
are lucky to have a rotating antenna, you might try turning it to see
what you can find. I have also had the experience of ducted signals being
stronger on "rabbit-ears" than on the large antenna. Stations usually ID
on the hour and half-hour, so be sure to pick up the ID to tell where the
station is. Of course, stations will invariably fade out right before (or
even as) they transmit their ID :-).

-- 
==========================================================
Jack Brindle
ham radio: wa4fib
internet: jackb@mdd.comm.mot.com
From: aboulang@bbn.com (Albert Boulanger)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
Subject: Re: Maples are yellow in Denver
Date: 8 Sep 92 21:02:17 GMT
	<1992Sep7.123421.1@uncavx.unca.edu>
Reply-To: aboulanger@bbn.com
Organization: BBN, Cambridge MA
NNTP-Posting-Host: kariba.bbn.com
In-reply-to: strauss@uncavx.unca.edu's message of 7 Sep 92 17:34:21 GMT


In article <1992Sep7.123421.1@uncavx.unca.edu> strauss@uncavx.unca.edu writes:


   This discussion of foliage is great stuff!  Is there a phenology group
   out here somewhere?  I have kept phenological observations since 1961,
   and from 1961-1976 have them for NYC.


I have another possible data point. My neighbor and I planted
potatoes and they produced fruit that looked like little tomatoes. We
never saw potato fruit before. I do not know what environmental
factor could be at play here, but perhaps it was due to this summer's
weather in the Boston area.

Quizzically,
Albert Boulanger
aboulanger@bbn.com
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: jward@louie.met.fsu.edu (Jeff Ward)
Subject: Re: Watching AURORA TV
Organization: Florida State University
Distribution: na
Date: Tue, 8 Sep 92 17:16:16 GMT



Hmmm, I'm a bit confused here.  I know it's possible to communicate via
the aurora on VHF and UHF frequencies.  However, I always thought that
signals propagated via the aurora were weak and fluttery.  I've never had
the pleasure of viewing the aurora (not too many aurora days here in
Tallahassee :-)), so correct me if I'm wrong, but it's hard to imagine
good audio AND picture quality for any extended period of time from 
distant TV stations whose signals are arriving via the aurora.  What 
everyone has described so far sounds a lot like tropospheric ducting, which
is (I think) among the more common means for UHF signals to travel beyond
line-of-sight.  

Typical ducting scenario:  At first, clear skies, cool temps near the ground,
     with a temperature inversion at maybe 1km above the surface, and light
     winds.  Signals fade as fog forms, wind picks up, or clouds form.

Comments and/or corrections are welcome.

Jeff Ward
Florida State University
Dept. of Meteorology
Tallahassee, FL                jeff@ray.met.fsu.edu







Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: wskelly@laurel.ocs.mq.edu.au (William Skelly)
Subject: Re: Tidal waves...
Organization: Macquarie University, Australia.
Date: Sun, 6 Sep 1992 23:04:12 GMT

In article <harris.715500548@drvax3> harris@drvax3.msfc.nasa.gov (Mitch Harris) writes:
>After hearing of the tidal waves that recently hit the Nicarauguan
>coast, I was wondering if someone could tell me how far inland tidal
>waves would go? These waves were supposedly ~30' high. Is there some
>formula to calulate how far inland they would travel, based on wave
>height?
>Thanks!

This appears to be a widespread misconception among the media and
therefor among the general lay population.

Nicarauguan coast was hit by a series of Tsunami generated by 
the shockwaves from an earthquake.  These seismically generated
waves have nothing to do with tides...except if they strike
at high tide they will probably do more damage.

My copy _Natural Hazards_, by Bryant, E.A. 1991, Cambridge University
Press, does not even have a section for "tidal waves."  Instead all
that is to be found is the following glossary entry:

  TIDAL WAVES. A misnomer applied to tsunami.  In a truer
  sense it refers to the amplification of a tidal cycle
  because of the effects of seiching or resonance induced
  by the passage of a low-pressure storm (Bryant, 1991, p 284).

The method used to calculate the potential damage from tsunamis is
to look at the period of the wave which is a function of the 
earthquake magnitude.  Somebody on sci.geo.geology might have a
better grip on this, but factors as shelf slope and shape of the
shoreline have something to do with how far inland the wave will travel.

Cheers,
Chris
From: Cutter Information <gecr@igc.apc.org>
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
Date: 04 Sep 92 10:03 PDT
Subject: Optical Depth Question
Nf-ID: #N:cdp:1466900276:000:535
Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!gecr    Sep  4 10:03:00 1992



I always see figures for optical depth (of volcanic aerosol plumes, for
example) expressed without any units.  In other words, a paper might say, "the
plume had an optical depth of 0.3 on 1 January."  Is there some sort of
optical depth scale?  Presumably, the higher the optical depth, the thicker
the aerosol plume, but what is an optical depth of 0?  Totally clear sky?  And
how high does the scale go?

If anybody help me understand this, I'd appreciate an answer.  Thanks!

-Brad Hurley
Editor
Global Environmental Change Report
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
Subject: Re: Maples are yellow in Denver
From: strauss@uncavx.unca.edu
Date: 7 Sep 92 12:34:21 -0500
Organization: University of North Carolina at Asheville
Nntp-Posting-User: strauss

In article <amos.715783249@shum>, amos@huji.ac.il (amos shapir) writes:
> joeb@atmos.washington.edu (Joe Barsugli) writes:
> 
>>The explanation in the newspapers around here is that drought stress
>>is the cause.
> 
> Some trees are turning here in Jerusalem too - mainly poplar, but only
> of specific types.  It can be due to a combination of this winter's
> unusual snow, last year's drought, and the recent hot spell.  Is there a
> tree doctor in the audience?
> 
> --
> 	Amos Shapir		Net: amos@cs.huji.ac.il
> Paper: The Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, Dept. of Comp. Science.
>        Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
> Tel: +972 2 585706               GEO: 35 11 46 E / 31 46 21 N

This discussion of foliage is great stuff!  Is there a phenology group
out here somewhere?  I have kept phenological observations since 1961,
and from 1961-1976 have them for NYC.

Has anyone ever noticed that some species (Acer--Maples, more than Oaks,
for example) ALWAYS turn color about the same time, no matter what
latitude? I'm speaking of species, not families.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
++           Bob Strauss            ++
++         Ramsey Library           ++
++          UNC-Asheville           ++
++       Asheville, NC 28804        ++
++       Strauss@UNCA.bitnet        ++
++     Strauss@uncavx.unca.edu      ++ 
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: harris@drvax3.msfc.nasa.gov (Mitch Harris)
Subject: Did anyone see a meteor last night?
Organization: NASA/MSFC
Date:  7 Sep 92 05:41:35 GMT

 Last night(9/7/92) while driving home at about 12;25 am, I saw a large,
slow-movine meteor streak south of Huntsville, Alabama. It was so slow &
appeared so large that I turned off the car radio to listen for an
impact (I heard nothing). Did anyone else see it, or heard if one hit
south of Huntsville?

Thanks!
Mitch
--
Mitch Harris                           |  New Technology Inc.
(205)-544-2846                         |  700 Boulevard South, #401
drvax3!harris@freedom.msfc.nasa.gov    |  Huntsville, AL  35802

Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: john@anasazi.com (John R. Moore)
Subject: Re: One, two, THREE! (?)
Reply-To: john@anasazi.com
Organization: Anasazi Inc, Phoenix AZ USA
Date: Fri, 11 Sep 1992 16:17:39 GMT

Keywords: 

In article <1992Sep11.073518.7038@news.Hawaii.Edu> joe@montebello.soest.hawaii.edu writes:
]	There are US Hurricane warning centers in Miami, Guam, and
]Honolulu. Miami and Guam got nailed pretty well in the last couple of
]weeks, so meteorologists here were all joking that obviously Honolulu
]was next!

While were at it, don't forget that last week the National Severe Storms
Lab was hit by a very severe storm :-)
-- 
John Moore NJ7E, 7525 Clearwater Pkwy, Scottsdale, AZ 85253  (602-951-9326)
john@anasazi.com ncar!noao!asuvax!anasaz!john anasaz!john@asuvax.eas.asu.edu
 - - Comment too controversial for management - Deleted :-) -
 - - Support ALL of the bill of rights, INCLUDING the 2nd amendment! - -
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: userDHAL@mts.ucs.UAlberta.CA (David Halliwell)
Subject: Re: Optical Depth Question
Organization: University Of Alberta, Edmonton Canada
Date: Sat, 5 Sep 1992 23:00:38 GMT

Cutter Information <gecr@igc.apc.org> writes:
>I always see figures for optical depth (of volcanic aerosol plumes, for
>example) expressed without any units.  In other words, a paper might say, "the
>plume had an optical depth of 0.3 on 1 January."  Is there some sort of
>optical depth scale?  Presumably, the higher the optical depth, the thicker
>the aerosol plume, but what is an optical depth of 0?  Totally clear sky?  And
>how high does the scale go?

    Optical depths are a coefficient of attenuation (=absorption + scattering)
from Beer's Law, where the ratio of radiation (direct beam) passing through
a medium compared to the radiation starting into the medium is expressed
using an exponential function. The usual form is something like:

        I_out/I_in = exp(-m*tau)

where I_out/I_in is the fraction passing through, tau is the optical depth,
and m is called the optical air mass. The value m=1 corresponds to radiation
passing directly down through the atmosphere (vertically), and m increases
as the angle of the radiation increases (moves towards the horizon). The
optical air mass is dimensionless, so tau is as well. (You could think of
it as being per thickness of the atmosphere, if desired.)

    An optical depth of 0 would indeed be a perfectly clear sky. Black, in
fact, since even the Rayleigh scattering that produces blue skies leads to
a reduced direct-beam at the surface. I think most volcanic studies correct
for "normal" atmospheric attenuation (Rayleigh scattering, absorption by
ozone and water vapour), and provide an "aerosol optical depth" which
is an expression of "other crud" in tha atmosphere. A typical background
aerosol optical depth (clear skies away from urban pollution) would be
about 0.05. There is no theoretical upper limit, though some quick
calculations would show you that optical depth need not be large to create
a significant reduction in radiation reaching the surface.

    Stricktly speaking, Beer's Law should only be applied to a single
wavelength of radiation, and only to a unidirectional beam. However, it is
often used as an approximation to spectrally-integrated radiation (e.g.
visible light), and even to direct+diffuse light (which is stretching
things quite a bit). I expect that the optical depths you have been reading
about are for spectrally-integrated light (sum of all visible wavelengths).
 
    Beer's Law may be familiar to some in its differential form, which is
how it is often used in Chemistry (e.g. for measuring solute concentrations).
The integrated form I gave above can also be used for radiation penetration
into water, ice, etc., and will then be expressed with distance (e.g. metres)
as the "quantity" or path length variable (replacing m), and the optical
depth is replaced with an attenuation coefficient (general sense) with units
being the inverse of the distance units (e.g. m^-1).



Dave Halliwell
Department of Geography
University of Alberta
Edmonton, Alberta
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: albert@mott.seas.ucla.edu (Albert E. Chou)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
Subject: How much air transport between north and south hemisphere?
Date: 9 Sep 92 04:14:47 GMT
Organization: SEASnet, University of California, Los Angeles

I'm posting this for a friend who doesn't have USENET access.

---
Question:  How much air transport is there between the north and
south hemisphere?

I've heard it argued -- I believe erroneously -- that there isn't
much based on the idea that the flow between the two tropical 
Hadley cells converge in the lower atmosphere and diverge higher 
up.  The 1953 Glossary of Meteorology notes that the ITCZ 
(Intertropical Convergence Zone) is not a convergence line along
its whole length, which I take as meaning that there air can
move north or south in places.  Holton's Dynamic Meteorology
notes that the upward flow in the ITCZ is controlled by t-storms
("hot towers"), but that the idea of an overall upward mean flow
is oversimplified.  Both SEEM address aspects of my question
without really spelling it out.

Is there significant mass transport between the hemispheres? If
so, how much?  Refs and/or typical numbers very much appreciated.
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: joe@montebello.soest.hawaii.edu (Joe Dellinger)
Subject: One, two, THREE! (?)
Reply-To: joe@montebello.soest.hawaii.edu
Organization: School of Ocean and Earth Science Technology
Date: Fri, 11 Sep 1992 07:35:18 GMT


	There are US Hurricane warning centers in Miami, Guam, and
Honolulu. Miami and Guam got nailed pretty well in the last couple of
weeks, so meteorologists here were all joking that obviously Honolulu
was next!

	Fat chance! Hurricanes are pretty rare in Hawaii, so there was
no reason to expect Honolulu should follow suit. It would be _extremely_
unlikely, after all...

	Well, Oahu has just been placed under a Tropical Storm watch.
Hurricane Iniki, expected to pass well to the South of the islands,
as usual, suddenly has turned North...

	(Ominous music)

PS: The person I talked to here who rode into a hurricane's eye (Gilbert?) in
a plane seemed to think it was quite exciting. Too exciting for his taste.
They experienced unexpected several-G vertical shaking. Things went flying
everywhere. Parts of the plane's airframe were bent. He was TOLD that such
excitement hardly ever happens, it was a complete fluke, but as it was his
only hurricane flight he's understandably skeptical....

     /\    /\    /\/\/\/\/\/\/\.-.-.-.-.......___________
    /  \  /  \  /Hawaii Institute of Geophysics, Honolulu\/\/\.-.-....__
___/    \/    \/Joe Dellinger, Internet: joe@montebello.soest.hawaii.edu\/\.-.__
____________________________________________________
Objectivity is not an unobtainable emptying of mind |
but a willingness to abandon a set of preferences   |----> Stephen J. Gould
when the world seems to work in a contrary way.     |
From: aboulang@bbn.com (Albert Boulanger)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
Subject: Re: Lightning Photography Query
Date: 5 Sep 92 15:37:34
Organization: BBN, Cambridge MA
Reply-To: aboulanger@bbn.com
NNTP-Posting-Host: kariba.bbn.com
In-reply-to: 's message of Tue, 25 Aug 1992 20:00:30 EDT


In article <92238.200030RHG@psuvm.psu.edu> <RHG@psuvm.psu.edu> writes:


   For a magazine article, I'm putting together a list of hints
   for taking lightning photos.  Select a shooting spot out
   of the wind, for instance, and carry a small flashlight
   on a string around your neck.


One aspect of lightning you can take advantage of is that a percentage
of lighting strikes will be the multiple return stroke variety. This
means that it becomes possible to pick up the first return stroke with
a sensor and open up the camera shutter for about a second. I built
such a sensor box abnd used it in conjunction with a Nikon motor drive
and intervalometer as I recall -- this was at NSSL in 79.


Zap,
Albert Boulanger
aboulanger@bbn.com
From: mozen@equinox.unr.edu (Paul Mozen)
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
Subject: lightning
Date: 10 Sep 92 00:17:59 GMT
Distribution: na
Organization: University of Nevada Reno

I,m posting this for a friend of mine who is not familiar with
the ways of the internet. Please reply directly to him at compuserve 
if possible.



Return-Path: <71241.660@compuserve.com>
Date: 03 Sep 92 01:01:54 EDT
From: RICH EDMISTON <71241.660@CompuServe.COM>
To: <mozen@equinox.unr.edu>
Subject: Re: hello
Message-Id: <920903050153_71241.660_EHL20-1@CompuServe.COM>
Status: OR

Well your message has reached me.  I'm interested
in realtime aquistion of ground-stroke lightning data as viewed on a monitor 
without going through a commercial program.. Any help
would be appreciated and I'm sure you would be interested also in view
of the location of your house...
                                 rich

-- 
internet: mozen@equinox.unr.edu|
-------------------------------|
"You don't need a weatherman to know which way the wind blows."
                B. Dylan on a 4.0 day at Crissy Field
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
From: joe@montebello.NoSubdomain.NoDomain (Joe Dellinger)
Subject: Re: One, two, THREE! (?)
Reply-To: joe@montebello.soest.hawaii.edu
Organization: School of Ocean and Earth Science Technology
Date: Fri, 11 Sep 1992 13:51:59 GMT

In article <1992Sep11.073518.7038@news.Hawaii.Edu>, joe@montebello.soest.hawaii.edu (Joe Dellinger) writes:
|> Hurricane Iniki, expected to pass well to the South of the islands,
|> as usual, suddenly has turned North...

	Now it's making a beeline for Kaua`i. If it keeps bending East it
may get Honolulu. If you don't hear from us after this afternoon, you know
what happened. :-)       :-/
Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology