Grounded-R1/benchmark huggingface dataset:
Question: Where did the idea of representative government first develop?

context: The Roman Republic was the first known government in the western world to have a representative government, despite taking the form of a direct government in the Roman assemblies. The Roman model of governance inspired many political thinkers over the centuries, and today's modern representative democracies imitate more the Roman than the Greek models because it was a state in which supreme power was held by the people and their elected representatives, and which had an elected or nominated leader. Representative democracy is a form of democracy in which people vote for representatives who then vote on policy initiatives as opposed to a direct democracy, a form of democracy in which people vote on policy initiatives directly. A European medieval tradition of selecting representatives from the various estates (classes, but not as we know them today) to advise/control monarchs led to relatively wide familiarity with representative systems inspired by Roman systems.
question: Where was the first known government in the western world to have a representative  government?
short_answers: Roman Republic
context: No context provided
question: Where did representative government in the form of parliaments develop?
short_answers: Þingvellir in Iceland

long_answer: The first parliaments date back to the Middle Ages. In 930, the first assembly of the Alþingi was convened at Þingvellir in Iceland, becoming the earliest version of a formalized parliamentary system. The Roman Republic was the first known state in the western world to have a representative government, despite taking the form of a direct government in the Roman assemblies. 
long_answer: The Roman Republic was the first known government in the western world to have a representative government, this model of governance inspired many political thinkers over the centuries, and today's modern representative democracies imitate it because supreme power was held by the people and their elected representatives, and which had an elected or nominated leader. Representative democracy is a form of democracy in which people vote for representatives who then vote on policy initiatives as opposed to a direct democracy, a form of democracy in which people vote on policy initiatives directly. The first parliaments date back to the Middle Ages, in 930, the first assembly of the Alþingi was convened at Þingvellir in Iceland, becoming the earliest version of a formalized parliamentary system;  however, in 1188 Alfonso IX, King of Leon, in current day Spain, convened the three states in the Cortes of León and according to UNESCO it was the first sample of modern parliamentarism in the history of Europe.
Question: Who do you play as in resident evil 7?

context: No context provided
question: Who do you play as in the main game of Resident Evil 7?
short_answers: Ethan Winters
a civilian with few combat skills
context: No context provided
question: Who do you play as in Resident Evil 7's downloadable content scenario "Not a Hero"?
short_answers: BSAA agent Chris Redfield
Chris Redfield
context: No context provided
question: Who do you play as in Resident Evil 7's downloadable content scenario "End of Zoe"?
short_answers: Joe Baker
Zoe's uncle

long_answer: In Resident Evil 7, The player controls Ethan Winters from a first-person perspective as he searches a derelict estate for his missing wife. Although Ethan is a civilian with few combat skills, he is able to arm himself with a variety of weapons including handguns, shotguns, flamethrowers, explosives and chainsaws against the estate's residents, the Baker family, as well as humanoid fungal creatures known as the "Molded". BSAA agent Chris Redfield teams up with the now reformed Umbrella Corporation, also known as Blue Umbrella, in order to apprehend Lucas Baker and uncover evidence of the mysterious group that created Eveline, called "The Connections." They are ambushed by Joe Baker, Zoe's uncle, who lives in the Dulvey swamps and has not been affected by Eveline's mold.
long_answer: Resident Evil 7: Biohazard is a 2017 first-person survival horror game developed and published by Capcom. The player controls Ethan Winters, a civilian with few combat skills as he searches for his long-missing wife in a derelict plantation occupied by an infected family, solving puzzles and fighting enemies. Not a Hero – a story chapter where players control BSAA agent Chris Redfield, was released for free on December 12, 2017, along with a new DLC called End of Zoe where players control Zoe's uncle Joe Baker.
Question: Who plays the mayor in the new ghostbusters?

context: No context provided
question: Who plays the mayor in the 2016 ghostbusters reboot?
short_answers: Andy García
Andrés Arturo García Menéndez
context: In addition to the main cast, "Ghostbusters" features David Margulies as Lenny Clotch, Mayor of New York, Michael Ensign as Manager of the Sedgewick Hotel, and Slavitza Jovan as Gozer (voiced by Paddi Edwards). The film also features astrologist Ruth Hale Oliver as the Library Ghost, Alice Drummond as the Librarian, Jennifer Runyon and Steven Tash as Venkman's psychological test subjects, "Playboy" Playmate Kymberly Herrin as a Dream Ghost, Timothy Carhart as a violinist, and Reginald VelJohnson as a police officer. Roger Grimsby, Larry King, Joe Franklin, and Casey Kasem cameo as themselves, the latter in a voice-only role. Kasem's wife Jean appears in the film as the tall guest at Louis' party. The film also features appearances by pornstar Ron Jeremy, and a young Debbie Gibson. Director Ivan Reitman provided miscellaneous ghost voices, including that of Slimer.
question: Who plays the mayor in ghostbusters II?
short_answers: David Margulies

long_answer: The Mayors of New York City in the Ghostbuster movies are played by different actors. David Margulies played the Mayor Lenny Clotch in both the first and second movies. Andy García plays Mayor Bradley in the third film in 2016.
long_answer: There are several Ghostbusters films. Ghostbusters, later marketed as Ghostbusters: Answer the Call, is a 2016 American supernatural comedy film directed by Paul Feig and written by Feig and Katie Dippold. Andy García, an American actor and director, plays the mayor. Ghostbusters II is a 1989 American supernatural comedy film directed and produced by Ivan Reitman and written by Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis. The film features David Margulies as Lenny Clotch, Mayor of New York.
Question: When did the samsung gear s come out?

context: No context provided
question: When did the original samsung gear s come out?
short_answers: November 7, 2014
context: Its successor, the Samsung Gear S2, was released on October 2, 2015.
question: When did the samsung gear s2 come out?
short_answers: October 2, 2015
context: No context provided
question: When did the samsung gear s3 come out?
short_answers: 18 November 2016

long_answer: Samsung Gear S is a smartwatch designed and marketed by Samsung Electronics. The original Samsung Gear S, the successor to the Samsung Gear 2, was released on November 7, 2014. The Samsung Gear S2 came out almost a year later on October 2, 2015. A little more than a year after the release of the Samsung Gear S2, the Samsung Gear S3 was released on 18 November 2016.
long_answer: The Samsung Gear S is a smartwatch that was released on November 7, 2014. The Samsung Gear S2 was released on October 2, 2015. The Samsung Gear S3 was released on 18 November 2016.
Question: What kind of car was ramone from cars?

context: Ramone (voiced by Cheech Marin) is a Chevrolet Impala Lowrider that owns the Ramone's House of Body Art store, where he paints himself and other cars, including Lightning McQueen later in the film. His garage employs the distinctive architecture of the Tower Station (U-Drop Inn) in Shamrock, Texas. His license plate reads "L0WNSL0", which is a reference to his catchphrase, "Low and slow". He is married to Flo, whose restaurant is next door to his store. Ramone is usually depicted as purple with a yellow and orange flame job, but throughout the film, he changes his paint job every morning (green, yellow, red in the first film, blue in "Mater and the Ghostlight") to keep his skills sharp, owing to a lack of customers. This situation changes after Radiator Springs becomes vibrant again. He also likes to drive slow and very low on the road, and is overjoyed when the road is asphalted, enjoying the smoothness of the road. However, he does seem to have a childish side in his personality, as in a scene after Lightning McQueen has destroyed the town's main road, Sally asked Flo what she had in her store, the latter responding "I have gas, lots of gas!", and Ramone and Mater burst out laughing.
question: What brand of car is Ramone from Cars?
short_answers: Chevrolet Impala
context: Ramone (voiced by Cheech Marin) is a Chevrolet Impala Lowrider that owns the Ramone's House of Body Art store, where he paints himself and other cars, including Lightning McQueen later in the film. His garage employs the distinctive architecture of the Tower Station (U-Drop Inn) in Shamrock, Texas. His license plate reads "L0WNSL0", which is a reference to his catchphrase, "Low and slow". He is married to Flo, whose restaurant is next door to his store. Ramone is usually depicted as purple with a yellow and orange flame job, but throughout the film, he changes his paint job every morning (green, yellow, red in the first film, blue in "Mater and the Ghostlight") to keep his skills sharp, owing to a lack of customers. This situation changes after Radiator Springs becomes vibrant again. He also likes to drive slow and very low on the road, and is overjoyed when the road is asphalted, enjoying the smoothness of the road. However, he does seem to have a childish side in his personality, as in a scene after Lightning McQueen has destroyed the town's main road, Sally asked Flo what she had in her store, the latter responding "I have gas, lots of gas!", and Ramone and Mater burst out laughing.
question: What style of car is Ramone from Cars?
short_answers: Lowrider

long_answer: The animated character Ramone in the Disney movie, Cars, is a 1959 Chevrolet Impala coupé lowrider.
long_answer: Cars is an American animated film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. One of the characters from Cars is named Ramone, who is a Chevrolet Impala Lowrider that owns a body art store.
Question: When was the last person executed in canada?

context: murderer from Huron County, Ontario, Canada . Melady was the last person to be publicly executed in Canada when he was hanged on December 7, 1869, on the outside wall of a jail located in Goderich, Ontario, for the murder of his father, Nicholas Melady Senior and his stepmother Ellen. The murders are believed to have been committed on the evening of June 6, 1868, on a farm in the present day municipality of Huron East, south of the current community of Seaforth, Ontario. Melady's trial was surrounded by controversy at the time, with allegations of perjury, lost and planted evidence, as well as the unusual use of a female police informant, who posed as a criminal and feigned affection for Melady while he was imprisoned, in an attempt to gain a confession from him. The informant, named in records as "Jenny Smith", was the wife of a local police officer. During the course of the investigation into the crime, seven other members of the Melady family, as well as two other male individuals, were initially jailed as suspects and later released. Melady's execution occurred several hours in advance of the officially announced time it was to occur in an attempt to avoid the civil disorder that sometimes accompanied public hangings. It is reported that a crowd of several thousand people were present at the jail at the originally announced time of the execution, many of whom are reported to have shouted their disapproval of the altered schedule of events. On January 1, 1870, three weeks after Melady was hanged, a Canadian federal government Order in Council came into effect that banned all future public executions in Canada.
question: When was the last person publicly executed in canada?
short_answers: December 7, 1869
context: The last two people executed in Canada were Ronald Turpin, 29, and Arthur Lucas, 54, convicted for separate murders, at 12:02 am on December 11, 1962, at the Don Jail in Toronto.
question: When was the last time a person was executed in canada?
short_answers: 12:02 am on December 11, 1962
December 11, 1962

long_answer: The last time a person was publicly executed in Canada was on December 7, 1869. And the last time a person was executed in Canada 12:02 am on December 11, 1962.
long_answer: In Canada, the last public execution was in 1862, while the last execution was in 1962. The last person publicly executed in Canada, Nicholas Melady Jr., was executed by hanging on December 7, 1869. The last two people executed in Canada, Ronald Turpin and Arthur Lucas, were executed by hanging at 12:02 am on December 11, 1962.
Question: Who is the narrator for the tv show snapped?

context: No context provided
question: Who is the narrator for Snapped?
short_answers: Laura San Giacomo, Ronnie Farer, Sharon Martin, and Jody Flader
context: No context provided
question: Who is the narrator fo the TV show snapped Killer Couples?
short_answers: Laura San Giacomo, Sharon Martin, and Anna Vocino

long_answer: Actresses Laura San Giacomo and Ronnie Farer narrated the first and second seasons of "Snapped". Sharon Martin took the role of narrator in its third season, with a distinctive and pronounced oral cadence. She acquired an additional credit as a supervising producer of the series. In February 2018, Martin announced she would no longer narrate the series. The new narrator is actress Jody Flader, according to the end-of-episode credits and Flader's web site. Anna Vocino now narrates "Snapped: Killer Couples".
long_answer: Snapped is an American true crime television series produced by Jupiter Entertainment. It is narrated by Laura San Giacomo, Ronnie Farer, Sharon Martin, and Jody Flader. Snapped: Killer Couples (or simply Killer Couples) is an American true crime television series, and is a spin-off of the series Snapped. Snapped: Killer Couples is narrated by Laura San Giacomo, Sharon Martin, and Anna Vocino.
Question: When did the beatles play at the cow palace?

context: No context provided
question: When did the beatles play at the cow palace on their first US Tour?
short_answers: August 19, 1964
context: No context provided
question: When did the beatles play at the cow palace on their second US Tour?
short_answers: August 31, 1965
context: No context provided
question: When did the beatles play at the cow palace in 1964?
short_answers: August 19, 1964
context: No context provided
question: When did the beatles play at the cow palace in 1965?
short_answers: August 31, 1965

long_answer: The Beatles played at The Cow Palace, an indoor arena located in Daly City, California, on their first US Tour on August 19, 1964. And on their second US Tour on August 31, 1965. 
long_answer: The Cow Palace is an indoor arena located in Daly City, California, situated on the city's northern border with neighboring San Francisco. On their first US Tour, the Beatles played at Cow Palace on August 19, 1964. On their second US Tour, the Beatles played at Cow Palace on August 31, 1965.
Question: Who is won the most super bowl games?

context: The New England Patriots () and Pittsburgh Steelers () have won the most Super Bowls with six championships, while the Dallas Cowboys () and the San Francisco 49ers () have five wins. New England has the most Super Bowl appearances with 11, while the Buffalo Bills () have the most consecutive appearances with four (all losses) from 1990 to 1993. The Miami Dolphins (1971–1973) and New England Patriots (2016–2018) are the only other teams to have at least three consecutive appearances. The Denver Broncos () and Patriots have each lost a record five Super Bowls. The Minnesota Vikings () and the Bills have lost four. The record for consecutive wins is two and is shared by seven franchises: the Green Bay Packers (1966–1967), the Miami Dolphins (1972–1973), the Pittsburgh Steelers (1974–1975 and 1978–1979, the only team to accomplish this feat twice and the only team with four wins in six consecutive seasons), the San Francisco 49ers (1988–1989), the Dallas Cowboys (1992–1993), the Denver Broncos (1997–1998), and the New England Patriots (2003–2004). Among those, Dallas (1992–1993; 1995) and New England (2001; 2003–2004) are the only teams to win three out of four consecutive Super Bowls. The 1972 Dolphins capped off the only perfect season in NFL history with their victory in Super Bowl VII. The only team with multiple Super Bowl appearances and no losses is the Baltimore Ravens, who in winning Super Bowl XLVII defeated and replaced the 49ers in that position. Four current NFL teams have never appeared in a Super Bowl, including franchises that have relocated or been renamed: the Cleveland Browns, Detroit Lions, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Houston Texans, though both the Browns (1950, 1954, 1955, 1964) and Lions (1935, 1952, 1953, 1957) had won NFL Championship Games prior to the creation of the Super Bowl in the 1966 season.
question: Which teams have won the most Super Bowl games?
short_answers: New England Patriots and Pittsburgh Steelers
context: No context provided
question: Which player has won the most Super Bowl Games?
short_answers: Tom Brady
context: No context provided
question: Which coach has won the most Super Bowl Games?
short_answers: Bill Belichick

long_answer: The New England Patriots and Pittsburgh Steelers have won the most Super Bowls with six championships each. Tom Brady has won 7 Super Bowls, making him the player with the most Super Bowl wins. Bill Belicheck has won 6 Super Bowls, making him the coach with the most Super Bowl wins.
long_answer: The Super Bowl is the annual American football game that determines the champion of the National Football League (NFL). The New England Patriots and Pittsburgh Steelers have won the most Super Bowls with six championships, while the Dallas Cowboys and the San Francisco 49ers have five wins. Tom Brady has won the most Super Bowls as a player, and Bill Belichick has won the most Super Bowl games as a coach.
Question: Where did the phantom of the opera live?

context: No context provided
question: Where did the phantom of the opera live in the original novel?
short_answers: the Palais Garnier opera house
his lair
context: No context provided
question: Where did the phantom of the opera live in the 2004 film?
short_answers: his underground lair
the theatre

long_answer: In the original novel, The Phantom lived in his lair in the Palais Garnier opera house. In the 2004 film,  he lived in his underground lair of the theatre.
long_answer: Gaston Leroux's Phantom of the Opera novel has been adapted into various stage and film adaptations. While in the original novel the Phantom of the Opera lived at the Palais Garnier Opera House in Paris, in the 2004 film the phantom lived at the theatre.
Question: What is it called when you mix up the letters of a word?

context: An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once. For example, the word "anagram" can be rearranged into "nag a ram", or the word "binary" into "brainy" or the word "adobe" into "abode".
question: What is it called when a word or phrase is formed by mixing up or rearranging the letters of a word?
short_answers: Anagram
context: Dyslexia is a disorder characterized by problems with the visual notation of speech, which in most languages of European origin are problems with alphabet writing systems which have a phonetic construction.
question: What is the disorder characterized by mixing up or reversing the order of letters of words?
short_answers: Dyslexia
context: No context provided
question: What is the condition where you mix up the letters of words?
short_answers: Dyslexia
context: An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once. For example, the word "anagram" can be rearranged into "nag a ram", or the word "binary" into "brainy" or the word "adobe" into "abode".
question: What is it called when you rearrange letters of a word?
short_answers: anagram

long_answer: In regard to phonetics, when a word or phrase is formed by mixing up or rearranging the letters of a word, it is called an Anagram. But when someone has a disorder where they accidentally get letters or sounds mixed up or reversed, it is call Dyslexia.
long_answer: Mixing up the letters of a word can happen for various reasons. An "anagrammatist" creates anagrams, a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, to produce anagrams that reflect or comment on their subject. On the other hand, some people may have dyslexia, a disorder characterized by problems with the visual notation of speech. People with dyslexia may reverse the order of two letters especially when the final, incorrect, word looks similar to the intended word.
Question: When did the capital of virginia moved from williamsburg to richmond?

context: The Capitol at Williamsburg served until the American Revolutionary War began, when Governor Thomas Jefferson urged that the capital be relocated to Richmond. The building was last used as a capitol on December 24, 1779, when the Virginia General Assembly adjourned to reconvene in 1780 at the new capital, Richmond. It was eventually destroyed.
question: When was williamsburg last used as the capital of virginia?
short_answers: December 24, 1779
context: No context provided
question: When was richmond first used as the capital of virginia?
short_answers: May 1, 1780

long_answer: Williamsburg, Virginia, was the capital of the Colony and Commonwealth of Virginia from 1699 to 1780 and the center of political events in Virginia leading to the American Revolution. The capitol building was last used as a capital on December 24, 1779, when the Virginia General Assembly adjourned to reconvene in 1780 at the new capital, Richmond. When it convened in Richmond on May 1, 1780, the legislature met in a makeshift building near Shockoe Bottom. The new capitol building was sufficiently completed for the General Assembly to meet there in October 1792.
long_answer: During the American Colonial period, Virginia's first capital was Jamestown, where the first legislative body, the Virginia House of Burgesses, met in 1619. With the decision to relocate the government inland to Williamsburg in 1699, a grand new Capitol building was completed in November 1705. The Capitol at Williamsburg served until the American Revolutionary War began, when Governor Thomas Jefferson urged that the capital be relocated to Richmond. The building was last used as a capitol on December 24, 1779, when the Virginia General Assembly adjourned to reconvene in Richmond, and on May 1, 1780, the legislature met in a makeshift building near Shockoe Bottom.
Question: Who wrote stand up stand up for jesus?

context: No context provided
question: Who wrote the lyrics for stand up stand up for jesus?
short_answers: Duffield
George Duffield Jr.
context: "Stand Up, Stand Up for Jesus" is an American Christian hymn. It was written by George Duffield Jr. in 1858 and is based on the dying words of Dudley Atkins Tyng. The traditional tune "Webb" was composed by George James Webb, and the lesser-used tune "Geibel" was composed by Adam Geibel.
question: Who wrote the traditional melody, Webb, for stand up stand up for jesus?
short_answers: George James Webb
Webb
context: "Stand Up, Stand Up for Jesus" is an American Christian hymn. It was written by George Duffield Jr. in 1858 and is based on the dying words of Dudley Atkins Tyng. The traditional tune "Webb" was composed by George James Webb, and the lesser-used tune "Geibel" was composed by Adam Geibel.
question: Who wrote the less-used melody, Geibel, for stand up stand up for jesus?
short_answers: Geibel
Adam Geibel

long_answer: "Stand Up, Stand Up for Jesus" is an American Christian hymn. It was written by George Duffield Jr. in 1858 and is based on the dying words of Dudley Atkins Tyng. The traditional tune "Webb" was composed by George James Webb, and the lesser-used tune "Geibel" was composed by Adam Geibel.
long_answer: George Duffield Jr. wrote the lyrics for Stand Up Stand Up for Jesus. The traditional tune Webb was composed by George James Webb, and the lesser-used tune Geibel was composed by Adam Geibel.
Question: Where does the amazon river start and finish?

context: No context provided
question: Where does the Amazon river start and end?
short_answers: Mantaro River and Atlantic Ocean
context: No context provided
question: Where was it commonly believed the Amazon river started and finished?
short_answers: Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi and Atlantic Ocean
context: A 2014 study by Americans James Contos and Nicolas Tripcevich in "Area", a peer-reviewed journal of the Royal Geographical Society, however, identifies the most distant source of the Amazon as actually being in the Río Mantaro drainage. A variety of methods were used to compare the lengths of the Mantaro river vs. the Apurímac river from their most distant source points to their confluence, showing the longer length of the Mantaro. Then distances from Lago Junín to several potential source points in the uppermost Mantaro river were measured, which enabled them to determine that the Cordillera Rumi Cruz was the most distant source of water in the Mantaro basin (and therefore in the entire Amazon basin). The most accurate measurement method was direct GPS measurement obtained by kayak descent of each of the rivers from their source points to their confluence (performed by Contos). Obtaining these measurements was difficult given the class IV–V nature of each of these rivers, especially in their lower "Abyss" sections. Ultimately, they determined that the most distant point in the Mantaro drainage is nearly 80 km farther upstream compared to Mt. Mismi in the Apurímac drainage, and thus the maximal length of the Amazon river is about 80 km longer than previously thought. Contos continued downstream to the ocean and finished the first complete descent of the Amazon river from its newly identified source (finishing November 2012), a journey repeated by two groups after the news spread.
question: Where is the source of the Amazon River?
short_answers: Río Mantaro
Huancayo, Huancayo Province, Peru
context: No context provided
question: Where is the mouth of the Amazon River?
short_answers: Atlantic Ocean
Brazil

long_answer: The Amazon River, located in South America, is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world. It is also one of the world's longest rivers. For nearly a century, the start and end of the river was considered to be the Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi and Atlantic Ocean. However, a 2014 study identified the most distant source of the Amazon as actually being in the Río Mantaro, located in the central region of Peru. This means the Amazon River starts and ends in the Mantaro River and Atlantic Ocean, respectively. 
long_answer: The Amazon River in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, and the disputed longest river in the world. The Amazon River starts and ends at the Mantaro River and Atlantic Ocean. The Mantaro River, or Río Mantaro, runs through Huancayo Province in Peru. It is commonly believed that the Amazon River started and finished at the Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi and Atlantic Ocean. The mouth of the Amazon River is in Brazil at the Atlantic Ocean.
Question: Who was the first person who discovered electricity?

context: Long before any knowledge of electricity existed, people were aware of shocks from electric fish. Ancient Egyptian texts dating from 2750 BCE referred to these fish as the "Thunderer of the Nile", and described them as the "protectors" of all other fish. Electric fish were again reported millennia later by ancient Greek, Roman and Arabic naturalists and physicians. Several ancient writers, such as Pliny the Elder and Scribonius Largus, attested to the numbing effect of electric shocks delivered by electric catfish and electric rays, and knew that such shocks could travel along conducting objects. Patients suffering from ailments such as gout or headache were directed to touch electric fish in the hope that the powerful jolt might cure them. Possibly the earliest and nearest approach to the discovery of the identity of lightning, and electricity from any other source, is to be attributed to the Arabs, who before the 15th century had the Arabic word for lightning "ra‘ad" () applied to the electric ray.
question: Who was the first person who discovered shocks from electric fish?
short_answers: Ancient Egyptian
context: Electricity would remain little more than an intellectual curiosity for millennia until 1600, when the English scientist William Gilbert wrote "De Magnete", in which he made a careful study of electricity and magnetism, distinguishing the lodestone effect from static electricity produced by rubbing amber. He coined the New Latin word "electricus" ("of amber" or "like amber", from ἤλεκτρον, "elektron", the Greek word for "amber") to refer to the property of attracting small objects after being rubbed. This association gave rise to the English words "electric" and "electricity", which made their first appearance in print in Thomas Browne's "Pseudodoxia Epidemica" of 1646.
question: Who was the first person who made a careful study of electricity and magnetism?
short_answers: William Gilbert
Gilberd

long_answer: Before much was known about electricity, the Ancient Egyptians were aware of the shocks that came from electric fish. In 1600, William Gilbert to begin his study of electricity and magnetism, which lead to a better understanding of electricity. 
long_answer: Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Long before any knowledge of electricity existed, people were aware of shocks from electric fish. Ancient Egyptian texts dating from 2750 BCE referred to these fish as the "Thunderer of the Nile", and described them as the "protectors" of all other fish. Electricity would remain little more than an intellectual curiosity for millennia until 1600, when the English scientist William Gilbert wrote "De Magnete", in which he made a careful study of electricity and magnetism, distinguishing the lodestone effect from static electricity produced by rubbing amber.
Question: How many nba players have scored 60 points in a game?

context: No context provided
question: How many nba players have scored exactly 60 points in a game?
short_answers: 11
context: No context provided
question: How many nba players have scored at least 60 points in a game?
short_answers: Twenty-seven
27
context: No context provided
question: How many nba players have scored exactly 60 points in a game during the playoffs?
short_answers: 0
context: No context provided
question: How many nba players have scored at least 60 points in a game during the playoffs?
short_answers: 2

long_answer:  This feat of scoring 60 points or more in a game has been accomplished 78 times in NBA history. Twenty-seven players have scored 60 or more points in a game, 11 players have scored exactly 60 points in a game, 2 players have scored at least 60 points during the playoffs and 0 have scored exactly 60 points in a game during the playoffs.
long_answer: There have been 11 NBA players to score exactly 60 points in a regular season game. 27 NBA players have scored at least 60 points in a regular season game. There have only been 2 NBA players to score 60 points during a playoff game, and no players have scored exactly 60 points in a playoff game.
Question: Where was in the dark tv series filmed?

context: Filming for the series began in April 2017 in Manchester and Marsden.
question: Where was the British in the dark tv series filmed?
short_answers: Manchester
Marsden
context: No context provided
question: Where was the American in the dark tv series filmed?
short_answers: Toronto, Ontario
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Toronto

long_answer: The American version of the crime drama television series Dark tv was filmed in Toronto and Cambridge in Ontario, Canada. The British In the Dark tv series was filmed in April 2017 in Manchester and Marsden. 
long_answer: There were several television series named In the Dark. Filming for the British series, a four-part British crime drama that premiered on BBC One in 2017, took place in Marsden and Manchester in England. Filming for the American crime drama series created for The CW took place in Toronto in the Canadian province of Ontario.
Question: Who sings the song for stuck in the middle?

context: "Stuck in the Middle with You" (sometimes known as "Stuck in the Middle") is a song written by Scottish musicians Gerry Rafferty and Joe Egan and originally performed by their band Stealers Wheel.
question: Which band sings the 1973 song "Stuck in the Middle with You"?
short_answers: Stealers Wheel
context: "Stuck in the Middle" was released on Stealers Wheel's 1972 eponymous debut album. Gerry Rafferty provided the lead vocals, with Joe Egan singing harmony. It was produced by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. Rafferty's lyrics are a dismissive tale of a music industry cocktail party written and performed as a parody of Bob Dylan's paranoia (the vocal impression, subject, and styling were so similar, listeners have wrongly attributed the song to Dylan since its release)
question: Who sings the lead vocals in the 1973 song "Stuck in the Middle with You"?
short_answers: Gerry Rafferty
context: "Stuck in the Middle" was released on Stealers Wheel's 1972 eponymous debut album. Gerry Rafferty provided the lead vocals, with Joe Egan singing harmony. It was produced by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. Rafferty's lyrics are a dismissive tale of a music industry cocktail party written and performed as a parody of Bob Dylan's paranoia (the vocal impression, subject, and styling were so similar, listeners have wrongly attributed the song to Dylan since its release)
question: Who sings harmony in the 1973 song "Stuck in the Middle with You"?
short_answers: Joe Egan
context: No context provided
question: Who sings the 2004 song "Stuck in the  Middle"?
short_answers: Clea
context: No context provided
question: Who sings the theme song for the TV show Stuck in the Middle?
short_answers: Sonus

long_answer: "Stuck in the Middle with You"(sometimes known as "Stuck in the Middle") is a 1973 song written by Scottish musicians Gerry Rafferty and Joe Egan. It was released on Stealers Wheel's 1972 eponymous debut album. In this song, Gerry Rafferty provided the lead vocals, with Joe Egan singing harmony. In 2004, the English girl group Clea sings the song "Stuck in the Middle". An American family comedy television series by the same name was aired from February 2016 to July 2018 and in this show, Sonus performs the theme song to the tv show.
long_answer: There is a TV show named Stuck in the Middle and several songs with "Stuck in the Middle" in the title. The 1973 song "Stuck in the Middle with You" was sung by the band Stealers Wheel with Gerry Rafferty singing lead vocals and Joe Egan singing harmony. The 2004 song "Stuck in the Middle" was sung by English girl group Clea. The theme song for the Disney Channel TV show Stuck in the Middle was sung by Sonus.
Question: Movie with the song sunshine on my shoulders?

context: A 2 1/2-hour made-for-television movie titled "Sunshine", which aired on NBC in 1973, used the song as a theme. The movie starred Cliff DeYoung and Cristina Raines. It told the story of a young mother dying from cancer. High ratings prompted a TV series (also "Sunshine") which ran for three months during the summer of 1974. The short-lived series began where the movie left off with the young widowed father (DeYoung) raising his stepdaughter (Elizabeth Cheshire). 
question: What was the 1973 movie with the song "Sunshine on my Shoulders"?|What was the TV movie with the song 'Sunshine on my Shoulders'?
short_answers: Sunshine
context: In the John Denver Biopic "Take Me Home: The John Denver Story" (2000) it is played when Denver (Chad Lowe) takes his new glider out for a Test flight. This final scene is based on the real life event that killed Denver in 1997. The 1996 re-recorded version is the one played.
question: What was the 2000 movie with the song "Sunshine on my Shoulders"?
short_answers: Take Me Home: The John Denver Story
context: Sunshine is a 1975 American television comedy-drama series starring Cliff DeYoung and Elizabeth Cheshire, about a hippie musician raising his young daughter alone after the death of his wife. The series was based on the 1973 made-for-TV movie "Sunshine" and DeYoung, Bill Mumy, Corey Fischer, and Meg Foster all reprised their roles from the film. The series originally ran for 13 episodes on NBC in the spring of 1975. The show's opening theme was John Denver's hit song "Sunshine on My Shoulders."
question: 1973 Movie with the song sunshine on my shoulders?|Which movie contains the song "Sunshine on my Shoulders"?|What movie has the John Denver song "Sunshine on my Shoulders"? in it?|What TV movie had the song "Sunshine on my Shoulders"?
short_answers: Sunshine
context: In the John Denver Biopic "Take Me Home: The John Denver Story" (2000) it is played when Denver (Chad Lowe) takes his new glider out for a Test flight. This final scene is based on the real life event that killed Denver in 1997. The 1996 re-recorded version is the one played.
question: 2000 Movie with the song sunshine on my shoulders?
short_answers: Take Me Home: The John Denver Story

long_answer: "Sunshine" was a 1973 movie that aired on NBC with the theme song "Sunshine on my Shoulders". The song is also featured in the John Denver Biopic "Take Me Home: The John Denver Story" in 2000.
long_answer: "Sunshine on My Shoulders" is a song recorded and co-written by American singer-songwriter John Denver. A 2 1/2-hour made-for-television movie titled "Sunshine", which aired on NBC in 1973, used the song as the theme. In the 2000 John Denver Biopic, "Take Me Home: The John Denver Story", it is played when Denver takes his new glider out for a Test flight.
Question: Who was the first pharaoh to be buried in a pyramid?

context: Piye, the king of Kush who became the first ruler of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt, built a pyramid at El-Kurru. He was the first Egyptian pharaoh to be buried in a pyramid in centuries.
question: Who was the first pharaoh to be buried in a pyramid after  a several century break?
short_answers: Piye
context: Major pyramids located here include the Pyramid of Djoser – generally identified as the world's oldest substantial monumental structure to be built of dressed stone – the Pyramid of Userkaf, the Pyramid of Teti and the Pyramid of Merikare, dating to the First Intermediate Period of Egypt. Also at Saqqara is the Pyramid of Unas, which retains a pyramid causeway that is one of the best-preserved in Egypt. Together with the pyramid of Userkaf, this pyramid was the subject of one of the earliest known restoration attempts, conducted by Khaemweset, a son of Ramesses II. Saqqara is also the location of the incomplete step pyramid of Djoser's successor Sekhemkhet, known as the Buried Pyramid. Archaeologists believe that had this pyramid been completed, it would have been larger than Djoser's.
question: Who was the first pharaoh to be buried in a pyramid according to archeological history?
short_answers: Djoser

long_answer: Piye, the king of Kush, was the first Egyptian pharaoh to be buried in a pyramid in centuries. The first pharaoh to be buried in a pyramid according to archeological history was Djoser from the Third Dynasty.
long_answer: Piye, the king of Kush who became the first ruler of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt, built a pyramid at El-Kurru. He was the first Egyptian pharaoh to be buried in a pyramid in centuries. The first historically documented Egyptian pyramid is attributed by Egyptologists to the 3rd Dynasty pharaoh Djoser. According to archeological history, Djoser is the first pharaoh to be buried in a pyramid.
Question: Who is the present game minister of india?

context: No context provided
question: Who is the 12th game minister of india?
short_answers: Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore
Col. Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore, AVSM
context: Vijay Goel (born 4 January 1954) is an Indian politician and a former Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs and Statistic and Implementation in the NDA government. A former Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports, Goel is affiliated with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He became president of the Delhi unit of the BJP in February 2013. He was elected to Rajya Sabha from Rajasthan in 2014.
question: Who is the 11th game minister of india?
short_answers: Vijay Goel
context: No context provided
question: Who is the 10th game minister of india?
short_answers: Jitendra Singh

long_answer: The 10th Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports was Jitendra Singh, the 11th was Vijay Goel and the 12th was Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore.
long_answer: There have been a number of game ministers in India. The 12th game minister of India is Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore, an Indian politician, Olympic medalist, former shooting athlete, and retired Indian Army officer. Indian politician Vijay Goel was the 11th game minister, while the 10th game minister was Indian physician and politician Jitendra Singh.
Question: Who sings been through the desert on a horse with no name?

context: No context provided
question: Who is the lead vocal of been through the desert on a horse with no name?
short_answers: Dewey Bunnell
context: "A Horse with No Name" is a song written by Dewey Bunnell, and originally recorded by the folk rock band America. It was the band's first and most successful single, released in late 1971 in Europe and early 1972 in the United States, and topped the charts in Canada, Finland, and the United States. It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America.
question: Which band sings been through the desert on a horse with no name?
short_answers: America

long_answer: "A Horse with No Name" is a song written and sung by Dewey Bunnell, and originally recorded by the folk rock band America.
long_answer: "A Horse with No Name" is a song by the folk rock band America, written by Dewey Bunnell. He also sung lead vocals. It was the band's first and most successful single, released in late 1971 in Europe and early 1972 in the United States, and topped the charts in Canada, Finland, and the United States.
Question: What was the first literature of the anglo-saxons?

context: Cædmon is considered the first Old English poet whose work still survives. According to the account in Bede's "Historia ecclesiastica", he was first a herdsman before living as a monk at the abbey of Whitby in Northumbria in the 7th century. Only his first poem, comprising nine-lines, "Cædmon's Hymn", remains, in Northumbrian, West-Saxon and Latin versions that appear in 19 surviving manuscripts:
question: What was the first poem of the anglo-saxons?
short_answers: Cædmon's Hymn
context: The poem "Beowulf", which often begins the traditional canon of English literature, is the most famous work of Old English literature. The "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle" has also proven significant for historical study, preserving a chronology of early English history.
question: What was the first literature of the anglo-saxons in the traditional canon?
short_answers: Beowulf

long_answer: Old English literature, or Anglo-Saxon literature, encompasses literature written in Old English. Cædmon is considered the first Old English poet whose work still survives and "Cædmon's Hymn" is considered the first poem of the Anglo-Saxons. The poem "Beowulf", which often begins the traditional canon of English literature, is the most famous work of Old English literature.
long_answer: While the first poem of the Anglo-Saxons was Cædmon's Hymn, their first literature in the traditional canon was the poem Beowulf by an anonymous author. Cædmon's Hymn was composed between 658 and 680 by the Old English poet Cædmon. Beowulf's date of composition is a matter of contention among scholars. The only certain dating is for the manuscript, which was produced between 975 and 1025.
Question: When does the last episode of stuck in the middle air?

context: No context provided
question: When does episode 38 of stuck in the middle air?
short_answers: December 8, 2017
context: No context provided
question: When does episode 37 of stuck in the middle air?
short_answers: October 27, 2017
context: No context provided
question: When does episode 36 of stuck in the middle air?
short_answers: October 20, 2017
context: No context provided
question: When does episode 38 of stuck in the middle air?
short_answers: December 8, 2017
context: No context provided
question: When does episode 37 of stuck in the middle air?
short_answers: October 27, 2017
context: No context provided
question: When does episode 36 of stuck in the middle air?
short_answers: October 20, 2017

long_answer: Stuck in the Middle is an American family comedy television series developed by Alison Brown and Linda Videtti Figueiredo and created by Alison Brown that aired on Disney Channel from February 14, 2016 to July 23, 2018. Episode 36 of season 2 first aired on October 20, 2017. The next episode, number 37 in the series, aired a week later on October 27, 2017. Episode 38 in season 2 aired almost 2 months later on December 8, 2017.
long_answer: Stuck in the Middle is an American family comedy television series developed by Alison Brown and Linda Videtti Figueiredo and created by Alison Brown that aired on Disney Channel from February 14, 2016 to July 23, 2018. Episode 36 aired on October 20, 2017. Episode 37 aired on October 27, 2017. Episode 38 aired on December 8, 2017.
Question: How many seats are there in the parliament of ghana?

context: No context provided
question: How many seats were there in the parliament of ghana, in 1954?
short_answers: 104
context: No context provided
question: How many seats were there in the parliament of ghana, in 1969?
short_answers: 140
context: No context provided
question: How many seats were there in the parliament of ghana, in 1970?
short_answers: 104
context: No context provided
question: How many seats were there in the parliament of ghana, in 1992?
short_answers: 200
context: No context provided
question: How many seats were there in the parliament of ghana, in 2004?
short_answers: 230
context: No context provided
question: How many seats are there in the parliament of ghana, since 2012?
short_answers: 275

long_answer: Since 2012, there have been 275 seats in the Parliament of Ghana, the Government of Ghana's legislative body, but the number of seats has changed over the years. There were 104 seats in the Parliament of Ghana in 1954, 140 in 1969, 104 in 1970, 200 in 1992, and 230 in 2004.
long_answer: The legislative body of Ghana's government, the Parliament of Ghana, has had 275 seats since 2012, while it had 104 seats in 1954 and 1970, 140 seats in 1969, 200 seats in 1992, and 230 seats in 2004.