GreenNode/SFT_databricks_dolly_15k huggingface dataset:
user: What is a head rowing race?

Head races are time trial / processional races that take place from autumn (fall) to early spring (depending on local conditions). Boats begin with a rolling start at intervals of 10 – 20 seconds, and are timed over a set distance. Head courses usually vary in length from 2,000 metres (1.24 mi) to 12,000 metres (7.46 mi), though there are longer races such as the Boston Rowing Marathon and shorter such as Pairs Head.

assistant: A head rowing race is a time trial race where rowing boats race on a rolling start with short time gaps between start times. Courses vary in length from 2,000 meters to 12,000 meters.
user: Why does treasury bond price drop when bond yield increases?

assistant: First, let's see the definition of a bond's price and yield. A bond's price is what investors are willing to pay for an existing bond. A bond's yield is the return to an investor from the bond's interest, or coupon, payments. The typical treasury bond has a fixed yield for X years (X = 5, 10, etc) from the time it is purchased. When we say bond yield increases, it is referring to the newly issued bond will have a higher yield than previously issued bond. Because those new bonds provide higher yield, the existing bonds will need to drop its price otherwise people won't buy them, they would just buy the newly issued bonds.
user: Why should we not allow dye in our food products?

assistant: So much research shows we should not allow food dye in our products. The research goes so far as even being linked to cancer. What more do we need to remove these harmful substances from our food? This can also cause issues like ADHD in children. We know these are not good for us and they are completely unnecessary. Additionally, we also have real food sources that produce these exact colors such as beets and turmeric.
user: Classify the below based on whether continent or ocean-
Asia, Africa, North America, Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, South America, Antarctica, Europe, Australia

assistant: Continent - Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe and Australia
Ocean - Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and Arctic
user: Classify each of the following as either caloric or low-fat products: butter, turnips, oils, salad dressings, spinach, sugar, water, nuts, seeds, dry bread, zucchini, strawberries, dry cereal, crackers, tomatoes, egg yolk, avocado, dried fruit, ananas, red meat, pizza, salmon, ketchup, watermelon

assistant: yes, no, yes, yes, no, yes, no, yes, yes, yes, no, no, yes, yes, no, yes, yes, yes, no, yes, yes, yes, yes, no
user: Name some players on the Golden State Warriors basketball team.

assistant: The current roster of the Golden State Warriors basketball team includes the following players: Stephen Curry, Draymond Green, Andrew Wiggins, Jordan Poole, Klay Thompson, Kevon Looney, Jonathan Kuminga.
user: Classify the following movies as either Comedy or Horror: Weekend at Bernie's, Scream, What Lies Beneath, Happy Gilmore, Cujo, Billy Madison, Kingpin, Carrie, Halloween, Encino Man, Misery

assistant: Weekend at Bernie's: Comedy
Scream: Horror
What Lies Beneath: Horror
Happy Gilmore: Comedy
Cujo: Horror
Billy Madison: Comedy
Kingpin: Comedy
Carrie: Horror
Halloween: Horror
Encino Man: Comedy
Misery: Horror
user: Find the bird in this list: Shark, Dog, Arctic tern

assistant: Arctic tern
user: What are some places to visit in Anchorage?

assistant: Anchorage has a great food scene. Restaurants and breweries include Moose's Tooth, Spenard Roadhouse, and 49th State Brewing. Cafes include Kaladi Brothers and Steamdot. Bakeries include Fire Island Rustic Bakeshop, and Wild Scoops is a great ice cream shop.
user: Who planted the first wine vineyard at California's Mission San Juan Capistrano?

assistant: Father Junípero Serra
user: What temperature can I expect at the summit if I climb Mount Kinabalu

The climate of the mountain varies from humid tropical at its base to alpine at its summit.[7] The temperature at the summit of Mount Kinabalu usually stands from −4 to 8 °C (25 to 46 °F) from December to January, and 3 to 12 °C (37 to 54 °F) from June to September. Due to the coldness of the mountain from December to January, there are a few occasions where frost and ice appear at the summit of Mount Kinabalu.[8][9] [10] Snow has been recorded three times in this area; in 1975, 1993 and 2022. [11]

assistant: Temperature ranges from -4°C to 12 °C .
user: What are some ideas for businesses that cater to millennials?

assistant: Millennials like coffee shops, boba tea shops and cafes that have healthy foods like salads and smoothies. Restaurants that sell organic, vegetarian and gluten-free foods are good ideas. A pet store would also be a good idea because millennials spend a lot of money on their pets. Millennials also value travel and experiences, so a tour company that takes customers to unusual or exciting places could work well.
user: Using examples taken from the text give me a summary of why the Boston Marathon is well known.

The Boston Marathon is an annual marathon race hosted by several cities and towns in greater Boston in eastern Massachusetts, United States. It is traditionally held on Patriots' Day, the third Monday of April.[1] Begun in 1897, the event was inspired by the success of the first marathon competition in the 1896 Summer Olympics.[2] The Boston Marathon is the world's oldest annual marathon and ranks as one of the world's best-known road racing events. It is one of six World Marathon Majors. Its course runs from Hopkinton in southern Middlesex County to Copley Square in Boston.

The Boston Athletic Association (B.A.A.) has organized this event annually since 1897,[3] except for 2020 when it was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2021, it was held later, in October. The race has been managed by DMSE Sports, Inc., since 1988. Amateur and professional runners from all over the world compete in the Boston Marathon each year, braving the hilly Massachusetts terrain and varying weather to take part in the race.

The event attracts 500,000 spectators each year, making it New England's most widely viewed sporting event.[4] Starting with just 15 participants in 1897, the event now attracts an average of about 30,000 registered participants each year, with 30,251 people entering in 2015.[5] The Centennial Boston Marathon in 1996 established a record as the world's largest marathon with 38,708 entrants, 36,748 starters, and 35,868 finishers.[4]

assistant: The Boston Marathon, which began in 1897, is the world's oldest annual marathon inspired by the 1896 Summer Olympics. The Boston Marathon is one of the six World Marathon Majors. The race has been held annually since 1897 except for 2020, when the race was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The marathon is traditionally held on Patriot's Day, the third Monday of April. It attracts 500,000 spectators and 30,000 registered participants each year making it one of the most well known road racing events.
user: How large is a regulation size basketball in the NBA?

assistant: The official size of the basketball used by the NBA is 29.5 inches in circumference.
user: What is MATLAB?

assistant: MATLAB is a proprietary multi-paradigm programming language and numeric computing environment developed by MathWorks. MATLAB allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other languages.
user: Extract from the text the name of the movie in which Matilde Ciccia had a role

Matilde Ciccia (born 6 October 1952 in Monasterace) is an Italian former ice dancer. Competing with Lamberto Ceserani, she won the gold medal at the Italian Figure Skating Championships several times. They finished fifth at the 1975 World Championships and sixth at the 1976 Winter Olympics. Ciccia had a role in the 1980 movie Zappatore.

assistant: Zappatore
user: Could you provide some recommendations for restaurants in Yountville?

assistant: Yountville has many gastronomic delights.  The best and most renown restaurant in Yountville is Thomas Keller’s French Laundry, which is one of his Michelin 3-star restaurants. Chef Keller uses French techniques, coupled with the abundance of produce and wine from the famous Napa Valley.  The French Laundry also has its own garden and chicken coop, which are located across the street.  This is an expensive restaurant and it’s hard to get a reservation, but it’s certainly a treat.  

Less expensive, but still good, are three other restaurants owned by Chef Keller:

•	Bouchon Bistro, which also has a Michelin star and serves classic French bistro cuisine, 
•	Ad Hoc, which serves elevated, but casual, family-style dinners, and 
•	La Calenda, which serves Mexican cuisine and has live music on weekend nights.  

Another good French bistro-style restaurant is Bistro Jeanty, a mainstay of Yountville restaurants.

Bottega, owned by Michael Chiarella, is a good option for Italian cuisine.  Lucy Restaurant, in the Bardessono Hotel, has an eclectic, but delicious menu.

Good options for very inexpensive food are Tacos Garcia, which is a taco truck next to the park near Madison Street, and Velo Deli and Pizzeria, which serves sandwiches and pizzas. 

For a very quick bite, Kelly’s Provisions is a tiny shop located in the only gas station in Yountville located at the corner of Washington Street and Madison Street (and it’s the world’s cutest and cleanest gas station).  At Kelly’s, you can find hot dogs and soft serve ice cream, and it also has many packaged snacks, a wide assortment of drinks, and a good selection of wine and champagne.
user: What are some comfort food style breakfasts that include eggs?

assistant: Eggs are used in many breakfast recipes, including ones that are comfort food style. Some ideas for such foods would be:
- French toast
- Bacon, egg, and cheese sandwich
- Crepes with fruit and cheese filling
- Shakshuka with warmed pita
- Omelette
- Potato and vegetable hash with fried eggs
user: In the following passage, replace Tallinn with Helsinki and Estonian with Finland.

Urmas was born in Tallinn. He graduated from the University of Tartu in 1996 with a BA in political science and continued his graduate studies there, but without obtaining the degree. He was active in journalism during his studies, first at Estonian Radio and later at Postimees, a mainstream daily and one of Estonia's most popular newspapers.

assistant: Urmas was born in Helsinki. He graduated from the University of Tartu in 1996 with a BA in political science and continued his graduate studies there, but without obtaining the degree. He was active in journalism during his studies, first at Finland Radio and later at Postimees, a mainstream daily and one of Finland's most popular newspapers.
user: Let's make a targeted list of banks located in New York City

assistant: - Chase
- Citi 
- BNY Mellon
- Goldman Sachs
user: The Award Palme d’or was given to whom?

assistant: Triangle of Sadness(directed by Ruben Ostlund)
user: what is a sql query?

assistant: SQL stands for structured query language.  A SQL query is a statement using SQL syntax to get data returned for a specific question to business data you are trying to get answered.  SQL queries can be simple returns of data, and they can also include simple or complex aggregations over time.  SQL queries run against a database like Oracle Database, Azure's SQL Server Database, or Google's Bigquery.
user: What are the other examples of Colour Revolutions?

assistant: Orange Revolution(in Ukraine between 2004 & 2005, Tulip Revolution(in Kyrgyzstan in 2005), Jasmine Revolution(in Tunisia in 2010-11)
user: what is hinduism

Hinduism is a diverse system of thought marked by a range of philosophies and shared concepts, rituals, cosmological systems, pilgrimage sites, and shared textual sources that discuss theology, metaphysics, mythology, Vedic yajna, yoga, agamic rituals, and temple building, among other topics.[15] Prominent themes in Hindu beliefs include the four Puruṣārthas, the proper goals or aims of human life; namely, dharma (ethics/duties), artha (prosperity/work), kama (desires/passions) and moksha (liberation/freedom from the passions and the cycle of death and rebirth),[16][17] as well as karma (action, intent and consequences) and saṃsāra (cycle of death and rebirth).[18][19] Hinduism prescribes the eternal duties, such as honesty, refraining from injuring living beings (Ahiṃsā), patience, forbearance, self-restraint, virtue, and compassion, among others.[web 3][20] Hindu practices include worship (puja), fire rituals (homa/havan), recitations (pravachan), devotion (bhakti), chanting (japa), meditation (dhyāna), sacrifice (yajña), charity (dāna), selfless service (sevā), homage to one's ancestors (śrāddha), family-oriented rites of passage, annual festivals, and occasional pilgrimages (yatra). Along with the various practices associated with yoga, some Hindus leave their social world and material possessions and engage in lifelong Sannyasa (monasticism) in order to achieve moksha.[21]

assistant: Hinduism is a diverse system of thought marked by a range of philosophies and shared concepts, rituals, cosmological systems, pilgrimage sites, and shared textual sources that discuss theology, metaphysics, mythology, Vedic yajna, yoga, agamic rituals, and temple building, among other topics.[15] Prominent themes in Hindu beliefs include the four Puruṣārthas, the proper goals or aims of human life; namely, dharma (ethics/duties), artha (prosperity/work), kama (desires/passions) and moksha (liberation/freedom from the passions and the cycle of death and rebirth),[16][17] as well as karma (action, intent and consequences) and saṃsāra (cycle of death and rebirth).[18][19] Hinduism prescribes the eternal duties, such as honesty, refraining from injuring living beings (Ahiṃsā), patience, forbearance, self-restraint, virtue, and compassion, among others.[web 3][20] Hindu practices include worship (puja), fire rituals (homa/havan), recitations (pravachan), devotion (bhakti), chanting (japa), meditation (dhyāna), sacrifice (yajña), charity (dāna), selfless service (sevā), homage to one's ancestors (śrāddha), family-oriented rites of passage, annual festivals, and occasional pilgrimages (yatra). Along with the various practices associated with yoga, some Hindus leave their social world and material possessions and engage in lifelong Sannyasa (monasticism) in order to achieve moksha.[21]
user: Who was the 27th president of the United States of America?

assistant: William Howard Taft was the 27th president of the United States from 1909 to 1913.
user: Based on the paragraph below, what bone was used to estimate the height of William the Conquerer?

No authentic portrait of William has been found; the contemporary depictions of him on the Bayeux Tapestry and on his seals and coins are conventional representations designed to assert his authority. There are some written descriptions of a burly and robust appearance, with a guttural voice. He enjoyed excellent health until old age, although he became quite fat in later life. He was strong enough to draw bows that others were unable to pull and had great stamina. Geoffrey Martel described him as without equal as a fighter and as a horseman. Examination of William's femur, the only bone to survive when the rest of his remains were destroyed, showed he was approximately 5 feet 10 inches (1.78 m) in height.

assistant: His femur.
user: Who wrote Mahabharata?

assistant: According to ancient Indian tradition, Vyasa is the author of Mahabharata who is also a major character in the epic. It is first recited the sage Vaisampayana to the King Janamejaya who was the great-grandson of the Pandavas.  The story is then recited again by a Ugrasrava Sauti to an assembly of sages in Naimisa forest.
user: Is Microsoft a FAANG stock?

assistant: FAANG is an acronym that refers to the stocks of five hot new technology companies in the 2010s with huge potential growth. FAANG is made up of the first letter of each of these companies. They are Facebook (now Meta), Amazon, Apple, Netflix and Google (now Alphabet).

Microsoft is not part of this mix, as by the 2010s Microsoft was already a well established and mature company.
user: What is Pythagorean or Pythagoras' Theorem

assistant: Pythoagorean theorem is an euclidian theorem attributed to a Greek philosopher from around 570 BC named Pythagoras. 
The Pythagorean theorem states that for a right angled triangle, the sum of the squares of the two adjacent sides is equal to the square of the hypotenuse (the side opposite to the right angeled triangle).
user: What are the names of Tata trusts which Ratan Tata heads?

Ratan Tata was the interim chairman of Tata Sons. He continues to head the main two Tata trusts Sir Dorabji Tata and Allied Trusts and Sir Ratan Tata Trust and their allied trusts, with a combined stake of 66% in Tata Sons, Tata group's holding company.He has served in various capacities in organizations in India and abroad. He is a member of Prime Minister's 'Council on Trade and Industry' and the 'National Manufacturing Competitiveness Council'. He is on the jury panel of Pritzker Architecture Prize[55] – considered to be one of the world's premier architecture prizes.Over the years Tata has served on the Cornell University Board of Trustees, personally advising the school's administration in matters of international involvement, particularly regarding projects connected to India. More broadly, Tata has served on the board's Academic Affairs, Student Life, and Development Committees. In 2013 he was named Cornell Entrepreneur of the Year.[56]He is a director on the boards of Alcoa Inc., Mondelez International[57] and Board of Governors of the East–West Center. He is also a member of the board of trustees of University of Southern California, Harvard Business School Board of Dean's Advisors, X Prize[58] and Cornell University. He is a member on the board of International Advisory Council at Bocconi University.[59]He is also a member of the Harvard Business School India Advisory Board (IAB) since 2006 and previously a member of the Harvard Business School Asia-Pacific Advisory Board (APAB) 2001–2006.[citation needed]In 2013, he was appointed to the board of trustees of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.[60]In February 2015, Ratan took an advisory role at Kalari Capital, a venture capital firm founded by Vani Kola.[61]In October 2016, Tata Sons removed Cyrus Mistry as its chairman, nearly 4 years after he took over the reins of the over $100 billion conglomerate, Ratan Tata made a comeback, taking over the company's interim boss for 4 months. On 12 January 2017, Natarajan Chandrasekaran was named as the chairman of Tata Sons, a role he assumed in February 2017.

assistant: Sir Dorabji Tata and Allied Trusts and Sir Ratan Tata Trust
user: Where is the best place to work in my house?

assistant: If you are working from home full time you will want make sure you pick the best area in your house to work that offers you a quiet space where you can focus for work.  Pick an area that is not busy like your master bedroom or separate bedroom that no one uses that can be used as an office.  You will want to make sure this space has a door so you can prevent outside noise from being a distraction.  This space will need a desk that you can work at, and you might want to consider a sit-stand desk so you can can keep good blood in your body flow throughout the day.  Sitting all day restricts blood flow and actually inhibits your ability to produce work results at your best so get something that prevents this.
user: Name five MLB teams in the American League.

assistant: Five MLB teams in the American League are the Tampa Rays, Boston Red Sox, Kansas City Royals, Texas Rangers, and Seattle Mariners.
user: Give me a list of the subjects I need to learn to become a telecommunication engineer

assistant: The list of subjects you need to learn depends on the specific task and the level of the job, but in general the following list can be a good starting point: 
-- signals and systems
-- probability
-- linear algebra
user: Which year was quantum computer demonstrated to be possible?

Over the years, experimentalists have constructed small-scale quantum computers using trapped ions and superconductors. In 1998, a two-qubit quantum computer demonstrated the feasibility of the technology, and subsequent experiments have increased the number of qubits and reduced error rates. In 2019, Google AI and NASA announced that they had achieved quantum supremacy with a 54-qubit machine, performing a computation that is impossible for any classical computer. However, the validity of this claim is still being actively researched.

assistant: 1998
user: Create a bulleted list of all the Jurassic Park movies.

Jurassic Park, later also referred to as Jurassic World,[1] is an American science fiction media franchise created by Michael Crichton and centered on a disastrous attempt to create a theme park of cloned dinosaurs. It began in 1990 when Universal Pictures and Amblin Entertainment bought the rights to Crichton's novel Jurassic Park before it was published. The book was successful, as was Steven Spielberg's 1993 film adaptation. The film received a theatrical 3D re-release in 2013,[2] and was selected in 2018 for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". A 1995 sequel novel, The Lost World, was followed by a film adaptation in 1997. Subsequent films in the series, including Jurassic Park III (2001), are not based on the novels.

In 2015, a second trilogy of films began with the fourth film in the series, Jurassic World. The film was successful, becoming the first film to gross over $500 million worldwide in its opening weekend,[3] and grossed over $1.6 billion through the course of its theatrical run, making it the third highest-grossing film at the time. It became the second highest-grossing film of 2015,[4] and is currently the eighth highest-grossing film of all time.[5] When adjusted for monetary inflation, Jurassic World is the second highest-grossing film in the franchise after Jurassic Park. A sequel, Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom (2018) grossed over $1.3 billion worldwide, making it the third Jurassic film to pass the billion-dollar mark. It is the third highest-grossing film of 2018,[6] and currently the 18th highest-grossing film of all time.[5] The final film in the trilogy, Jurassic World Dominion, was released in 2022. It grossed over $1 billion worldwide and became the third highest-grossing film of 2022.[7] Jurassic World Dominion also became the fourth film in the franchise to pass the billion-dollar mark.[8][9][10]

assistant: The Jurassic Park movies are - 
* Jurassic Park
* The Lost World: Jurassic Park
* Jurassic Park III
* Jurassic World
* Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom
* Jurassic World Dominion
user: Identify the bird from the list: Shrimp, Barnacle goose, Polar Bear

assistant: Barnacle goose
user: What do you think a conversation between two AI bots would look like?

assistant: I do not know but I would like to imagine the two bots are both trained on enormous corpse of data available online. If the datasets are different, the conversation could go very interesting and unexpected for humans ways. The common ML algorithms might be similar or shared so I wonder if the reasoning behind the bots will be similar and a pattern could be drawn on them.
user: 3 Best TV series in the World

assistant: 1. Dexter
2. Breaking Bad
3. Prison Break
user: How much PVC produced each year?

Polyvinyl chloride (alternatively: poly(vinyl chloride),[6][7] colloquial: polyvinyl, or simply vinyl;[8] abbreviated: PVC) is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic polymer of plastic (after polyethylene and polypropylene).[9] About 40 million tons of PVC are produced each year.

assistant: Each year about 40 million tons of PVC are produced.
user: Using examples from the text give me a rundown of the causes of wet snow avalanches.

In contrast to powder snow avalanches, wet snow avalanches are a low velocity suspension of snow and water, with the flow confined to the track surface (McClung, first edition 1999, page 108).[4] The low speed of travel is due to the friction between the sliding surface of the track and the water saturated flow. Despite the low speed of travel (≈10–40 km/h), wet snow avalanches are capable of generating powerful destructive forces, due to the large mass and density. The body of the flow of a wet snow avalanche can plough through soft snow, and can scour boulders, earth, trees, and other vegetation; leaving exposed and often scored ground in the avalanche track. Wet snow avalanches can be initiated from either loose snow releases, or slab releases, and only occur in snowpacks that are water saturated and isothermally equilibrated to the melting point of water. The isothermal characteristic of wet snow avalanches has led to the secondary term of isothermal slides found in the literature (for example in Daffern, 1999, page 93).[7] At temperate latitudes wet snow avalanches are frequently associated with climatic avalanche cycles at the end of the winter season, when there is significant daytime warming.

assistant: Wet snow avalanches can be initiated from either loose snow releases, or slab releases, and only occur in snowpacks that are water saturated and isothermally equilibrated to the melting point of water.
user: What age would a child become a tween?

assistant: Generally a tween is in between their child years and teenage years, between the ages of10 and 13.
user: is finance a great career

assistant: yes
user: What are Roland's most famous synthesizers and drum machines from the 1980s and what do they do?

assistant: The most famous Roland synthesizer and drum machines from the 1980s are the Roland TB-303, TR-606, TR-808, and TR-909. Although all were generally commercial failures at first, the TB-303 Bass Line became widely used in techno because of its distinctive resonant filter, beginning with Phuture's "Acid Tracks". The TR-606 Drumatix was also later widely used in electronica. However the TR-808 Rhythm Composer's booming kick and snare sound were even more popular, appearing widely in hip-hop tracks. The TR-909 was and is widely used in dance and pop music, known for its signature snare and hi hat cymbal sounds.
user: What is the main tax-related difference between a brokerage account and an IRA ?

assistant: The main difference tax-related difference between a brokerage account and an IRA is that the gains made on investments in a brokerage account are subject to capital gains taxes while gains in an IRA are not.
user: When do schools close for summer vacation in Cameroon and Nigeria?

Schools and universities typically have a summer break to take advantage of the warmer weather and longer days. In almost all countries, children are out of school during this time of year for summer break, although dates vary. Many families will take holidays for a week or two over summer, particularly in Southern Hemisphere Western countries with statutory Christmas and New Year holidays.
In the United States, public schools usually end in late May in Memorial Day weekend, while colleges finish in early May. Public school traditionally resumes near Labor Day, while higher institutions often resume in mid-August.
In England and Wales, school ends in mid-July and resumes again in early September. In Scotland, the summer holiday begins in late June and ends in mid-to late-August. Similarly, in Canada the summer holiday starts on the last or second-last Friday in June and ends in late August or on the first Tuesday of September, with the exception of when that date falls before Labour Day, in which case, ends on the second Tuesday of the month. In Russia the summer holiday begins at the end of May and ends on 31 August.
In the Southern Hemisphere, school summer holiday dates include the major holidays of Christmas and New Year's Day. School summer holidays in Australia, New Zealand and South Africa begin in early December and end in early February, with dates varying between states. In South Africa, the new school year usually starts during the second week of January, thus aligning the academic year with the Calendar year. In India, school ends in late April and resumes in early or mid-June. In Cameroon and Nigeria, schools usually finish for summer vacation in mid-July and resume in the later weeks of September or the first week of October.

assistant: In Cameroon and Nigeria, schools usually finish for summer vacation in mid-July and resume in the later weeks of September or the first week of October.
user: What is the GE Dash 8-32BWH

The GE Dash 8-32BWH, also known as the P32-8BWH, B32-8WH, or P32-8, is a passenger train locomotive used by Amtrak, based on GE's Dash 8 series of freight train locomotives. Built in 1991, they were the first locomotives purchased to replace the EMD F40PH.

assistant: The GE Dash 8-32BWH, also known as the P32-8BWH, B32-8WH, or P32-8, is a passenger train locomotive used by Amtrak, based on GE's Dash 8 series of freight train locomotives. Built in 1991, they were the first locomotives purchased to replace the EMD F40PH.
user: Please tell me who Bishop Patrick MacMullan was and when he died.

Bishop Patrick MacMullan (17 March 1752 – 25 October 1824) was an Irish Roman Catholic Prelate and 20th Bishop of Down and Connor.

He was a native of mid Down and details of his early life in the latter half of the eighteenth century are sketchy. It is believed he was ordained to the priesthood in 1775.

He received episcopal consecration on 2 September 1793, and the following year succeeded his distant cousin Hugh as Bishop of Down and Connor.

In 1814 he made a report to Rome on the state of his diocese (served by around 35 parish priests and a few curates) which although vague gives some indication of the state of the diocese.

He died on 25 October 1824 in the house of his nephew in Loughinisland and is buried at Loughinisland Graveyard.

A notice of his death, circulated in many Irish newspapers noted that "the Catholic Clergy of that diocese [Down and Connor] have been under the scriptural jurisdiction of this amiable Prelate for 31 years, during which he has presided over them with the politeness of a Gentleman, the abilities of a Theologian, and the meekness of a humble and exemplary Christian."

assistant: Patrick MacMullan was an Irish Roman Catholic Bishop. He passed away on October 25th, 1824.
user: Tell me which of the following are NBA teams: Knicks, Thunder, Kings, Lizards, Sparrows, Hawks, Warriors, Gladiators.

assistant: Knicks, Thunder, Kings, Hawks, Warriors.
user: Which national park is hardest to visit?

assistant: Its hard to say which national park is the most difficult to visit. There are numerous locations across multiple geographies including Guam, American Samoa, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, The U.S Virgin Islands and the United States itself. Many national parks don't receive a lot of visitors because of their remote locations. Alaska contains many national parks that are hard to visit including: Kobuk Valley National Park, Katmai National Park and Preserve, And Gates of the Arctic. Gates of the Arctic National Park for example is the least visited overall park because its extremely remote and can only be reached by plane or on foot. Other National Parks like Isle Royale in Michigan or Dry Tortugas National Park in Florida are also hard to visit as they can only be reached by boat or seaplane and contain rugged terrain and sensitive reefs.
user: What is the difference between coalesce and repartition when it comes to shuffle partitions in spark

assistant: Coalesce essentially groups multiple partitions into a larger partitions. So use coalesce when you want to reduce the number of partitions (and also tasks) without impacting sort order.  Ex:- when you want to write-out a single CSV file output instead of multiple parts


Use repartition when you want to cause a shuffle that changes the number of partitions.  A common use-case for repartition is to remove skew in file sizes or to start out with a smaller/different number of partitions than the default in Spark
user: Give me a list of the only two American cyclists to win the Tour de France general classification.

assistant: Greg LaMond has won the Tour de France general classification three times. Lance Armstrong has won the Tour de France seven times, but had all of those victories stripped after admitting to using performance enhancing drugs.
user: How do UK telephone numbers work?

assistant: The UK telephone numbering system has a strange and complicated pattern which is born out of many historical changes and anomalies. Essentially nearly all numbers start with 0 when dialled in the UK. The leading 0 is omitted when calling from overseas and the prefix "+44" is added in its place. The second digit indicates what type of number it is. So called geographic numbers (those associated with an area code) start with 01or 02. Numbers starting with 03 are not associated with any area code but are charged at the same rates as numbers beginning with 01 or 02. Mobile numbers always start with 07. Numbers starting 09 are premium rate numbers which incur high charges for providing additional services.  Numbers starting with 080 are toll free. Other numbers starting with 08 are charged at special rates but not the very high rates for 09 numbers.

Special numbers that do not start with 0 include 999 and 112 for emergencies, 101 for non emergency Police matters, 111 for contacting the National Health Service in a non emergency and directory enquiries services that start with 118.

The history of UK area codes (beginning 01 and 02) dates back to the times when individual telephone exchanges had their own one, two or three character Subscriber Trunk Dialing (STD) codes (e.g. B for Birmingham or AY6 for Aylesbury). in 1966 STD codes were converted to numbers using the number patterns on telephone dials (where 2=ABC, 3 = DEF etc.) so Birmingham became 021, Aylesbury became 0296. 01 was the code allocated to London. Area codes were between 2 and five characters long including the leading zero. Following the area code a local number of between 3 and 7 digits was added for each line to make the complete number either 9 or 10 digits long. Callers within the same area code could dial other lines with the same code by simply dialling the local number omitting the area code. In 1968 area codes beginning 00 were moved to free up 00 for other uses.

By the 1980s a number of factors meant that some areas, especially London, were running out of codes. Various measures were introduced including, in 1990,  the splitting of London into 071 (inner London) and 081 (outer London).

The 80s and 90s also saw the gradual introduction of "non geographic" numbers e.g. the toll free 0800 numbers and a number of patterns for emerging mobile services. Premium rate services were also launched using 0898.

In 1995 on so called "phONEday" a leading 1 was added after the zero. London numbers became either 0171 or 0181, Birmingham 0121, Aylesbury 01296 etc.

This established the pattern we see today allowing for some area codes to move to "02" codes over the next few years. In addition larger cities were allocated new codes beginning 011 e.g. 0113 for Leeds, 0117 for Bristol.

In 2000 the "big number change" saw London codes changed yet again = 0171 became 020 7 and 0181 became 020 8 allowing for new London numbers to be issued starting with 020 3 and 020 4 . Other cities that gained "02" style codes were Southampton/Portsmouth 023 , Coventry 024 and Cardiff 029.  A unified code of 028 was introduced in Northern Ireland.
user: What does WHO refer to?

assistant: WHO is an acronym for the World Health Organization.
user: Given this paragraph about Dill Records, tell me when the group made CDs and who started the record label.

Dill Records was a small punk rock/ska record label based out of Monte Sereno, California, that put out CDs/records from 1989-1998. The name is an allusion to initially the label's only band, Skankin' Pickle. The record label was started by Mike Park, a.k.a. Bruce Lee of Skankin' Pickle. The first other band with a release on Dill Records was the Tantra Monsters (Dill 006) in 1994. After the breakup of Skankin' Pickle, Mike Park continued releasing records, beginning the label Asian Man Records in 1996. Asian Man and Dill Records coexisted until 1998. Asian Man re-released many albums originally released by Dill Records, as all releases are now out of print and Dill Records is no longer in operation.

assistant: Dill Records was started by Mike Park and made CDs from 1989 to 1998.
user: What are the debt securities?

assistant: Debt securities are financial assets that define the terms of a loan between an issuer (the borrower) and an investor (the lender). The terms of a debt security typically include the principal amount to be returned upon maturity of the loan, interest rate payments, and the maturity date or renewal date.
user: Can I learn to ski as an adult?

assistant: Yes. Alpine downhill skiing is a sport that can be learned at any age. While many learn to ski when they're young, there are lots of people that only started to ski at an older age. With the right motivation and a willingness to put time and effort, almost anyone can learn to ski. Also, advances to ski equipment and slope grooming technology make skiing a lot safer than it used to be years ago.

Learning to ski as an adult may take longer than learning as a child. It is recommended that you start with some lessons first to gain the right technique. This could be group lessons or private lessons. You could also learn from friends who know how to ski, or learn by watching online tutorials and applying them yourself on the mountain. Once you have the basic skills, you should be able to ski easy slopes and start enjoying skiing as a fun activity. 

In addition to lessons, you will also need the right gear to ski. This includes appropriate clothing that can keep you warm on the mountain while you ski, as well as ski equipment that you will use. It is recommended that you get a pair of skis and poles, good fitting boots, a helmet for safety, and goggles to protect your eyes from the elements. Renting your equipment is a good option when you're starting. That way you are not making an expensive commitment upfront. You could also buy your equipment either new or from any of the second-hand ski shops and ski swaps.
 
With the right gear and knowledge of the basics, you can take your learning in any direction you want. Many people choose to stay at a beginner or intermediate level and just enjoy the occasional ski trip with friends. While others take their passion forward with more practice, hours on the mountain, and likely more lessons to get to advanced levels.

Whichever path you pick, skiing can be a fun sport to learn and enjoy for the rest of your life. Have fun skiing. You got this!
user: Given a reference text, who is the Ryder Cup named after?

The Ryder Cup is a biennial men's golf competition between teams from Europe and the United States. The competition is contested every two years with the venue alternating between courses in the United States and Europe. The Ryder Cup is named after the English businessman Samuel Ryder who donated the trophy. The event is jointly administered by the PGA of America and Ryder Cup Europe, the latter a joint venture of the PGA European Tour (60%), the PGA of Great Britain and Ireland (20%), and the PGAs of Europe (20%).[1][2]

Originally contested between Great Britain and the United States, the first official Ryder Cup took place in the United States in 1927 at Worcester Country Club in Worcester, Massachusetts. The home team won the first five contests, but with the competition's resumption after the Second World War, repeated American dominance eventually led to a decision to extend the representation of "Great Britain and Ireland" to include continental Europe from 1979. The inclusion of continental European golfers was partly prompted by the success of a new generation of Spanish golfers, led by Seve Ballesteros and Antonio Garrido. In 1973 the official title of the British Team had been changed from "Great Britain" to "Great Britain and Ireland", but this was simply a change of name to reflect the fact that golfers from the Republic of Ireland had been playing in the Great Britain Ryder Cup team since 1953, while Northern Irish players had competed since 1947. In addition to players from Great Britain and Ireland, the European team has since included players from Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Spain and Sweden.

assistant: The Ryder Cup is named after English businessman Samuel Ryder.
user: what are some types of vandalism?

Any change or edit that manipulates content in a way that deliberately compromises Wikipedia's integrity is considered vandalism. The most common and obvious types of vandalism include additions of obscenities and crude humor; it can also include advertising and other types of spam.[97] Sometimes editors commit vandalism by removing content or entirely blanking a given page. Less common types of vandalism, such as the deliberate addition of plausible but false information, can be more difficult to detect. Vandals can introduce irrelevant formatting, modify page semantics such as the page's title or categorization, manipulate the article's underlying code, or use images disruptively.

assistant: Some types of vandalism are obscenities and crude humor, advertising, deliberate addition of plausible but false information, and irrelevant formatting.
user: What makes airplanes fly?

assistant: When an airplane engine starts, the propeller creates thrust and pulls the airplane forward.  As the airplane moves forward, more and more air moves over the wing.  The airplane wings are designed to be curved over the top and flat across the bottom.  As a result, the air molecules take longer to travel over the top of the wing than they do on the underside.  This creates a differential in air pressure between the top and bottom of the wing.  The difference in air pressure is called Lift.  As thrust increases and pulls the plane forward, the lift eventually increases enough to overcome the weight and drag and the airplane will take flight.
user: Name four pork products I could expect to find in a delicatessen

assistant: Name four pork products I could expect to find in a delicatessen
user: Who is John Melo

John Melo is a Filipino singer and songwriter. He won the 1993 Awit Awards for Best New Male Performance. After a long absence from the music scene, he returned in 2017 with his new song Malapit Na Ang Pasko. He is also a U.S Correspondent[1] and a sports news writer[2]

assistant: John Melo is a Filipino singer and songwriter. He won the 1993 Awit Awards for Best New Male Performance. After a long absence from the music scene, he returned in 2017 with his new song Malapit Na Ang Pasko. He is also a U.S Correspondent and a sports news writer
user: Tell me whether these are insects: ants, cicadas, flies, mosquitos, spiders, scorpions.

assistant: ants, cicadas, flies and mosquitos are insects, spiders and scorpions are animals (a class of joint-legged invertebrate animals, i.e. arthropods).
user: What are red wigglers?

assistant: Their true name is eisenia fetida and is known as the most common compost worm. These worms are not found in the soil but rather live in the upper layers of organic matter.

The worms have gizzards like chickens. They are hermaphroditic which means they have move male and female sex organs. It takes two worms to produce a cocoon which could produce three worms each.

The worms produce vermicast (worm poop) which many organic famers use to add to their soil.
user: When cooking pizza, classify each item as being "Useful" or "Not Useful": Tomato Sauce, Dough, Sun, Rain, Cheese, Oven, Shower

assistant: Tomato Sauce: Useful
Dough: Useful
Sun: Not Useful
Rain: Not Useful
Cheese: Useful
Oven: Useful
Shower: Not Useful
user: Tell me about the play Die Schutzbefohlenen

Die Schutzbefohlenen (translated as "Charges (The Supplicants)"[note 1]),[1] is a play by Elfriede Jelinek written in 2013. She termed it a Sprachkunstwerk, a language artwork. It deals critically with the politics at the time concerning refugees. The play was first read in Hamburg on 21 September 2013. The first scenic production was in Mannheim on 23 May 2014. The first production in Austria was staged at the Burgtheater in Vienna on 28 March 2015, which was recognised internationally. Later that year, Jelinek expanded the text to reflect the changed political situation.

assistant: Die Schutzbefohlenen, translated as the supplicants is a play by Elfriede Jelinek written in 2013. She termed it a Sprachkunstwerk, a language artwork. It deals critically with the politics at the time concerning refugees. The play was first read in Hamburg on 21 September 2013. The first scenic production was in Mannheim on 23 May 2014. 

The first production in Austria was staged at the Burgtheater in Vienna on 28 March 2015, which was recognised internationally. Later that year, Jelinek expanded the text to reflect the changed political situation.
user: What parts are there in an academic dress? Extract them and place them in a numbered list.

Academic dress is a traditional form of clothing for academic settings, mainly tertiary (and sometimes secondary) education, worn mainly by those who have obtained a university degree (or similar), or hold a status that entitles them to assume them (e.g., undergraduate students at certain old universities).[1] It is also known as academical dress,[2] academicals, and, in the United States, as academic regalia.

Contemporarily, it is commonly seen only at graduation ceremonies, but formerly academic dress was, and to a lesser degree in many ancient universities still is, worn daily. Today, the ensembles are distinctive in some way to each institution, and generally consist of a gown (also known as a robe) with a separate hood, and usually a cap (generally either a square academic cap, a tam, or a bonnet). Academic dress is also worn by members of certain learned societies and institutions as official dress.[3][4]

assistant: 1. Gown
2. Hood
3. Cap
user: What media outlets did Dean Dill appear in? Please format this as a bulleted list, and include the date in the format "{Media Outlet} ({Date})" on each line

Dean Dill (born 8 March 1947) was a magician and effects designer who lived and worked in Glendale, California, USA. He appeared on The Tonight Show in November 1990. His performance focused mostly on closeup effects and coin magic. He created effects, including "Dean's Box," "Blizzard", and "A New World" (created with magic innovator Michael Weber).

He appeared on the cover of the October 2003 edition of The Linking Ring magazine. Dill died on 7 February 2015.

assistant: Sure, here are the media outlets Dean Dill appeared in:
- The Tonight Show (November 1990)
- The Linking Ring (October 2003)
user: What are the new 7 Wonders of Nature:

assistant: Here are the new 7 Wonders of Nature:

- Iguazu Falls, on the border of the Argentine province of Misiones and the Brazilian state of Paraná
- Hạ Long Bay, in Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam
- Jeju Island, in the Jeju Province of South Korea
- Puerto Princesa Underground River, in Palawan, Philippines
- Table Mountain, overlooking the city of Cape Town, South Africa
- Komodo Island, one of the 17,508 islands that comprise the Republic of Indonesia
- Amazon rainforest, located in Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana
user: What age is considered legal adulthood in much of the western world?

assistant: 18 years is typically when one is legally an adult