GreenNode/SFT_databricks_dolly_15k huggingface dataset:
user: Which is a species of fish? Boar or Boarfish

assistant: Boarfish
user: last 5 prime minister of India

assistant: Narendra Modi
Manmohan Singh
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Deve Gowda
P.V Narsimha Rao
user: Tell me about the plot to Harry Potter

assistant: Harry Potter is the story of a seemingly normal 11 year old body that lives with Aunt Petunia, Uncle Vernon and cousin Dudley. He comes to find out he is in fact, not a normal boy, but a wizard, a famous wizard at that. He is offered admission at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry and his epic battle across 7 books against Lord Voldermort plays out. After many trails, losses and against all odds, he is victorious over Lord Voldermort.
user: In what year did Endless Nights come out?

Endless Nights in Aurora (Chinese: 極光之愛) is a 2014 Taiwanese romantic drama film directed by Lee Szu-yuan. It stars Rainie Yang and Chris Wang. It was released on December 19, 2014.

Revolving around the romantic relationship of two generations, Alisha and her mother Xiao-feng, two parallel love stories are re-enacted across two and a half decades. With equally heated passion, the star-crossed lovers in different generations are faithfully attached to their experiences in love through promises, anticipation, losses, and forgiveness.

assistant: 2014
user: Please give me a comma separated list of the countries that signed the North Atlantic Treaty in April 1949 given the text below

The Treaty of Dunkirk was signed by France and the United Kingdom on 4 March 1947, during the aftermath of World War II and the start of the Cold War, as a Treaty of Alliance and Mutual Assistance in the event of possible attacks by Germany or the Soviet Union. In March 1948, this alliance was expanded in the Treaty of Brussels to include the Benelux countries, forming the Brussels Treaty Organization, commonly known as the Western Union. Talks for a wider military alliance, which could include North America, also began that month in the United States, where their foreign policy under the Truman Doctrine promoted international solidarity against actions they saw as communist aggression, such as the February 1948 coup d'état in Czechoslovakia. These talks resulted in the signature of the North Atlantic Treaty on 4 April 1949 by the member states of the Western Union plus the United States, Canada, Portugal, Italy, Norway, Denmark, and Iceland. Canadian diplomat Lester B. Pearson was a key author and drafter of the treaty.

assistant: France, United Kingdom, Belgium, Luxembourg , Netherlands, United States, Canada, Portugal, Italy, Norway, Denmark, Iceland
user: Where is the Kilo railway station

Kilo is a station on the VR commuter rail network on the Rantarata line located in Kilo, a district of the city of Espoo in Finland. It is situated between Leppävaara railway station and Kera railway station, approximately 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northwest/west of Helsinki Central railway station.

assistant: Kilo is a station on the VR commuter rail network on the Rantarata line located in Kilo, a district of the city of Espoo in Finland. It is situated between Leppavaara railway station and Kera railway station, approximately 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northwest/west of Helsinki Central railway station.
user: Classify the Disney movie characters into the movies that they appeared in.
Anna, Mufasa, Kristoff, Nemo, Scar, Simba, Dory

assistant: The Lion King - Mufasa, Scar, Simba
Frozen - Kristoff, Anna
Finding Nemo - Nemo, Dory
user: Given this paragraph about Aronia, what is another name for the plant and where were they first cultivated?

Aronia is a genus of deciduous shrubs, the chokeberries, in the family Rosaceae native to eastern North America and most commonly found in wet woods and swamps.The genus Aronia is considered to have 3 species.The most common and widely used is Aronia melanocarpa (black chokeberry) which emerged from Eastern North America. The lesser known Aronia arbutifolia (red chokeberry) and the hybrid form of the abovementioned species called Aronia prunifolia (purple chokeberry) were first cultivated in Central and Eastern North America.[5] In the eighteenth century, the first shrubs of the best-known species Aronia melanocarpa reached Europe where they were first cultivated in Scandinavia and Russia.

assistant: Aronia is also known as chokeberries and they were first cultivated in Scandinavia and Russia.
user: What does Thai Songkran festival represents and how many days does it last?

Songkran is a term derived from Sanskrit संक्रान्ति saṅkrānti meaning 'to move' or 'movement'. It derives from the movement of the sun from one position to another in the zodiac. According to its literal meaning in Sanskrit, a Songkran occurs every month. However, the period that Thai people refer to as Songkran happens when the sun moves from Pisces to Aries in the zodiac. The correct name for this period should actually be Maha Songkran ('great Songkran) because it coincides with the arrival of a New Year. The Songkran festival is, therefore, a celebration of the New Year in accordance with the solar calendar. The celebration covers a period of three days: 13 April is regarded as Maha Songkran, the day that the sun moves into Aries on the zodiac or the last day of the old year. The next day, 14 April is called Wan Nao, the transitional day between the old and the new years, and 15 April is called Wan Thaloeng Sok (Thai: วันเถลิงศก 'to begin a new era or year'), New Year's day itself.

assistant: Thai Songkran festival is a New Year celebration in Thailand according to solar calendar. Songkran happens when the sun moves from Pisces to Aries in the zodiac. The festival covers three days period from 13 April to 15 April.
user: Does Spark support JavaScript?

assistant: Spark does not have native built-in support for JavaScript, but it is possible to use JavaScript with Spark through 3rd party libraries.
user: What are toe beans?

assistant: Toe beans is a colloquial term originating on the Internet and is used to refer to the leathers of a cat (its toes and paw pad). It can also refer to a dog's paws but the term was popularized in the context of cats.
user: Tell me about the career of David Allen Laycock

David Allen Laycock (2 September 1947 – 16 September 2008) was an English professional cricketer. He played for Kent County Cricket Club between 1969 and 1973.[1]

Laycock was born at Woolwich in east London in 1847. He first played for Kent's Second XI in 1966 and went on to make his first-class cricket debut in August 1969 against Leicestershire at Canterbury.[2][3] After making five appearances for the First XI in 1969, including one in the John Player League, Laycock appeared infrequently for the side in the coming years.[3] He made a total of 10 first-class[A] and five List A appearances for Kent between his debut and his final match in August 1973, playing as a batsman and occasional wicket-keeper in a strong Kent side which won the County Championship in 1970 and one-day trophies in each season between 1972 and 1974.[1][4][5]

Despite playing 69 matches for the Second XI, including scoring runs during 1974,[B] Laycock was released by Kent at the endow the 1974 season. He became a postman, although he continued to coach cricket.[1][2]

Laycock died at Eastbourne in Sussex in September 2008 after a long battle with brain cancer.[2] He was 61.[1]

assistant: David Allen Laycock (2 September 1947 – 16 September 2008) was an English professional cricketer. He played for Kent County Cricket Club between 1969 and 1973.

Laycock was born at Woolwich in east London in 1847. He first played for Kent's Second XI in 1966 and went on to make his first-class cricket debut in August 1969 against Leicestershire at Canterbury. After making five appearances for the First XI in 1969, including one in the John Player League, Laycock appeared infrequently for the side in the coming years. He made a total of 10 first-class[A] and five List A appearances for Kent between his debut and his final match in August 1973, playing as a batsman and occasional wicket-keeper in a strong Kent side which won the County Championship in 1970 and one-day trophies in each season between 1972 and 1974.

Despite playing 69 matches for the Second XI, including scoring runs during 1974,[B] Laycock was released by Kent at the endow the 1974 season. He became a postman, although he continued to coach cricket.

Laycock died at Eastbourne in Sussex in September 2008 after a long battle with brain cancer. He was 61.
user: Give me a list of scientists who influenced the work of Albert Einstein

assistant: Isaac Newton, Michael Faraday, and James Clerk Maxwell
user: What kind of bears can you see in the Katmai National Park and Preserve?

assistant: Brown bears are a main attraction at the Katmai Park.
user: How many sinking ships did Violet Jessop survive? Be precise.

Violet Constance Jessop (2 October 1887 – 5 May 1971), often referred to as the "Queen of sinking ships" or "Miss Unsinkable," was an Argentine woman of Irish heritage who worked as an ocean liner stewardess, memoirist, and nurse in the early 20th century. Jessop is most well known for having survived the sinking of both the RMS Titanic in 1912 and her sister ship the HMHS Britannic in 1916, as well as having been onboard the eldest of the three sister ships, the RMS Olympic, when it collided with the British warship HMS Hawke in 1911.

assistant: 2.
user: Label each of the following as either a movie or a documentary: RRR, John Wick, Man on Wire, Creed, Our Planet, Tales by Light, Luther, Becoming.

assistant: RRR: Movie

John Wick: Movie

Man on Wire: Documentary

Creed: Movie

Our Planet: Documentary

Tales by Light: Documentary

Luther: Movie

Becoming: Documentary
user: What is a beard?

assistant: A beard is a facial hair style that grows under the nose and on the cheeks as well as on and under the chin.
user: Extract the different ways of dealing with underfitting mentioned in the text

Resolving underfitting
There are multiple ways to deal with underfitting:

1) Increase the complexity of the model: If the model is too simple, it may be necessary to increase its complexity by adding more features, increasing the number of parameters, or using a more flexible model. However, this should be done carefully to avoid overfitting.[13]
2) Use a different algorithm: If the current algorithm is not able to capture the patterns in the data, it may be necessary to try a different one. For example, a neural network may be more effective than a linear regression model for some types of data.[13]
3) Increase the amount of training data: If the model is underfitting due to lack of data, increasing the amount of training data may help. This will allow the model to better capture the underlying patterns in the data.[13]
4) Regularization: Regularization is a technique used to prevent overfitting by adding a penalty term to the loss function that discourages large parameter values. It can also be used to prevent underfitting by controlling the complexity of the model.[14]
5) Ensemble Methods: Ensemble methods combine multiple models to create a more accurate prediction. This can help to reduce underfitting by allowing multiple models to work together to capture the underlying patterns in the data.[15]
6) Feature engineering: Feature engineering involves creating new model features from the existing ones that may be more relevant to the problem at hand. This can help to improve the accuracy of the model and prevent underfitting.[13]

assistant: The different ways of deal with underfitting mentioned in the text are:
- Increase the complexity of the model
- Use a different algorithm
- Increase the amount of data
- Regularization
- Ensemble Methods
- Feature engineering
user: What is India's rank in Global Gender Gap Index 2022

assistant: 135 out of 146 countries
user: Who did the French national football team play against in the last 3 matches of the 2018 World Cup and how did the matches turn out?

assistant: On 06/07/2018, France won 2-0 against Uruguay in the quarter-finals.
On 10/07/2018, France won 1-0 against Belgium in the semi-finals.
On 15/07/2018, France beat Croatia 4-2 in the final to become world champions for the next four years. The French national football team has thus been world champion twice. The last time was in 1998.
user: Was Tyler Thompson a diplomat

Tyler Thompson (1907–2002) was an American Ambassador to Finland and Iceland.[1] He also served as the Director General of the Foreign Service.[2]

Tyler entered the Foreign Service in 1931 after graduating from Princeton University.[1]

assistant: Tyler Thompson (1907–2002) was an American Ambassador to Finland and Iceland. He also served as the Director General of the Foreign Service.

Tyler entered the Foreign Service in 1931 after graduating from Princeton University.
user: Prepare the count of trains which serves Mount Prospect for each day in a week starting with Monday. Use the format “Day-Count” and each entry should be in a new line.

Mount Prospect is a station on Metra's Union Pacific Northwest Line located in Mount Prospect, Illinois. The station is located at 13 E. Northwest Highway near its intersection with Main St. (Illinois Route 83). Mount Prospect is 20.0 miles (32.2 km) from Ogilvie Transportation Center, the Northwest Line's southern terminus.[2] In Metra's zone-based fare structure, Mount Prospect is located in zone D. As of 2018, Mount Prospect is the 11th busiest of the 236 non-downtown stations in the Metra system, with an average of 1,879 weekday boardings.[1]The station has three tracks; an outbound track to the southwest, an inbound track to the northeast, and a bidirectional express track in the middle. There is a station house on the inbound platform where tickets may be purchased. Parking is available near Mount Prospect.As of April 3, 2023, Mount Prospect is served by 62 trains (31 in each direction) on weekdays, by 31 trains (16 inbound, 15 outbound) on Saturdays, and by 19 trains (nine inbound, 10 outbound) on Sundays.

assistant: Monday-62
Tuesday-62
Wednesday-62
Thursday-62
Friday-62
Saturday-31
Sunday-19
user: Who won the 1974 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences?

Friedrich August von Hayek CH FBA (/ˈhaɪək/ HY-ək, German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈʔaʊɡʊst fɔn ˈhaɪɛk] (listen); 8 May 1899 – 23 March 1992), often referred to by his initials F. A. Hayek, was an Austrian-British intellectual who made contributions to economics, political science, psychology, intellectual history, philosophy and other fields. Hayek shared the 1974 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with Gunnar Myrdal for work on money and economic fluctuations, and the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena.[8] His account of how prices communicate information is widely regarded as an important contribution to economics that led to him receiving the prize

assistant: Friedrich August von Hayek and Gunnar Myrdal shared the 1974 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.
user: Which of these are most likely to be found in a hotel room: lamp, bed, gerbil, coffee pot, dishwasher, ancient relic?

assistant: A lamp, bed, and coffee pot are most likely to be found in a hotel room. A gerbil, dishwasher, and ancient relic are unlikely to be found in a hotel room.
user: What are the most common food allergies?

Allergic reactions are abnormal immune responses that develop after exposure to a given food allergen.[15] Food allergens account for about 90% of all allergic reactions.[16] The most common food allergens include milk, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, soy, and wheat,[17] which are referred to as "the big eight".[18] In April of 2021, President Joe Biden signed the FASTER Act into law. This landmark food allergy law recognizes sesame as the ninth mandatory food label allergen. It also encourages research that will improve the quality of life for food allergy families, and that could potentially lower the rates of future food allergies.[19][20]

assistant: The most common allergies in humans are:
- Milk
- Eggs
- Peanuts
- Shellfish
- Wheat
- Soy
- Tree nuts
user: How large are elephant eggs?

assistant: Elephants do not lay eggs. They give birth to live young.
user: What is Star Alliance

assistant: Star Alliance is the world's largest global airline alliance.[2] Founded on 14 May, 1997, its headquarters are located in Frankfurt am Main, Germany,[3] and Jeffrey Goh is its CEO.[4][6] As of April 2018, Star Alliance is the largest of the three global alliances by passenger count with 762.27 million, ahead of both SkyTeam (630 million) and Oneworld (528 million).[7][8] Its slogan is "The Way the Earth Connects".

Star Alliance's 26 member airlines operate a fleet of ~5,033 aircraft, serving more than 1,290 airports in 195 countries on more than 19,000 daily departures. The alliance has a two-tier rewards program, Silver and Gold, with incentives including priority boarding and upgrades. Like other airline alliances, Star Alliance airlines share airport terminals (known as co-locations), and many member planes are painted in the alliance's livery.
user: My trophy does not fit my suitcase because it is to big.  I need to travel.  What could I do?

assistant: - Get a bigger suitcase 
- Don't bring your trophy 
- Send the trophy in a box
user: Who is the lead singer of the Gorillaz?

assistant: Damon Albarn is the lead singer of the Gorillaz
user: Which is the most popular Italian Song Festival

The Sanremo Music Festival (Italian: Festival di Sanremo [ˈfɛstival di sanˈrɛːmo, festiˈval -]), officially the Italian Song Festival (Italian: Festival della canzone italiana), is the most popular Italian song contest and awards ceremony, held annually in the city of Sanremo, Liguria

assistant: The Sanremo Music Festival
user: What professional football team play in red and blue and are based in south london?

Crystal Palace Football Club, commonly referred to as Palace, is a professional football club based in Selhurst in the Borough of Croydon, South London, England, which competes in the Premier League, the highest level of English football. The club's kit colours were claret and blue until 1973, when they changed to the red and blue vertical stripes worn today.

assistant: Crystal Palace FC
user: Given this paragraph about John C. Young, where did he go to college?

John Clarke Young (August 12, 1803 – June 23, 1857) was an American educator and pastor who was the fourth president of Centre College in Danville, Kentucky. A graduate of Dickinson College and Princeton Theological Seminary, he entered the ministry in Lexington, Kentucky, in 1828. He accepted the presidency of Centre College in 1830, holding the position until his death in 1857, making him the longest-serving president in the college's history. He is regarded as one of the college's best presidents, as he increased the endowment of the college more than five-fold during his term, and increased the graduating class size from two students in his first year to forty-seven in his final year.

assistant: Dickinson College and Princeton Theological Seminary
user: How can I thicken my soup recipe?

assistant: If you want to make your soup thicker, try adding a small amount of cornstarch. This can help the soup to be less thin and runny. If it is a creamy soup, instead of using skim or 1% milk, try using whole milk or even heavy cream. Both of these will add more body to the soup you are making. Not a fan of dairy? Try out coconut cream, but know this could change the flavor profile slightly.
user: Extract the current cash rate and basis point increase from the following using the format: {x} % increased by {x} basis points

At its meeting today, the Board decided to increase the cash rate target by 25 basis points to 3.60 per cent. It also increased the interest rate on Exchange Settlement balances by 25 basis points to 3.50 per cent.
Global inflation remains very high. In headline terms it is moderating, although services price inflation remains elevated in many economies. It will be some time before inflation is back to target rates. The outlook for the global economy remains subdued, with below average growth expected this year and next.
The monthly CPI indicator suggests that inflation has peaked in Australia. Goods price inflation is expected to moderate over the months ahead due to both global developments and softer demand in Australia. Services price inflation remains high, with strong demand for some services over the summer. Rents are increasing at the fastest rate in some years, with vacancy rates low in many parts of the country. The central forecast is for inflation to decline this year and next, to be around 3 per cent in mid-2025. Medium-term inflation expectations remain well anchored, and it is important that this remains the case.
Growth in the Australian economy has slowed, with GDP increasing by 0.5 per cent in the December quarter and 2.7 per cent over the year. Growth over the next couple of years is expected to be below trend. Household consumption growth has slowed due to the tighter financial conditions and the outlook for housing construction has softened. In contrast, the outlook for business investment remains positive, with many businesses operating at a very high level of capacity utilisation.

assistant: 3.60% increased by 25 basis points
user: How do you thicken bolognese sauce?

assistant: You can use flour or cornstarch to thicken your bolognese or tomato-based spaghetti sauce using starch (flour or cornstarch). Additionally, you can reduce your sauce's liquid content — this is also a practical option for thickening any sauce.
user: What did Franz Beckenbauer call Bobby Moore?

"My captain, my leader, my right-hand man. He was the spirit and the heartbeat of the team. A cool, calculating footballer I could trust with my life. He was the supreme professional, the best I ever worked with. Without him England would never have won the World Cup." Alf Ramsey*[61]
"He was my friend as well as the greatest defender I ever played against. The world has lost one of its greatest football players and an honourable gentleman." Pelé[61]
"Bobby Moore was a real gentleman and a true friend." Franz Beckenbauer[61]
"Moore was the best defender I have ever seen." Sir Alex Ferguson[62]
"Bobby Moore was the best defender in the history of the game" Franz Beckenbauer[63]
"There should be a law against him. He knows what's happening 20 minutes before everyone else." Jock Stein[64]
"Ask me to talk about Bobby Moore the footballer and I will talk for days. Ask me about the man and I will dry up in a minute." Ron Greenwood[65]
"Immaculate footballer. Imperial defender. Immortal hero of 1966. First Englishman to raise the World Cup aloft. Favourite son of London's East End. Finest legend of West Ham United. National Treasure. Master of Wembley. Lord of the game. Captain extraordinary. Gentleman of all time." Inscription on the pedestal of the statue at Wembley Stadium.[52]

assistant: Franz Beckenbauer described Bobby Moore as "a real gentleman and a true friend".
user: What is the difference between a fried egg prepared "sunny-side-up" and an egg prepared "over-easy"?

assistant: "Sunny-side-up" refers to an egg that is fried only on one side and then removed from the pan. "Over-easy" refers to a fried egg that is briefly flipped and cooked on the other side, but not so long that the yolk becomes hardened.
user: In the given text, List down some important points about Pope Adrian V

Pope Adrian V (Latin: Adrianus V; c. 1210/1220 – 18 August 1276), born Ottobuono de' Fieschi, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 11 July 1276 to his death on 18 August 1276. He was an envoy of Pope Clement IV sent to England in May 1265 who successfully completed his task of resolving disputes between King Henry III of England and his barons. Adrian V was elected pope following the death of Innocent V, but died of natural illness before being ordained to the priesthood.

assistant: 1. Pope Adrian V, sometimes known as Adrianus V, was the head of the Catholic Church and the ruler of the Papal States from July 11, 1276, until his death on August 18, 1276. Pope Adrian V was born Ottobuono de' Fieschi.
2. He was a papal ambassador sent to England in May 1265 by Pope Clement IV who was effective in reconciling conflicts between King Henry III of England and his lords.
3. Adrian V was chosen to succeed Innocent V as pope, but he passed away from a natural illness before receiving the sacrament of ordination.
user: From the given text, write some important points about guitar's vibrato system

A vibrato system on a guitar is a mechanical device used to temporarily change the pitch of the strings. They add vibrato to the sound by changing the tension of the strings, typically at the bridge or tailpiece of an electric guitar using a controlling lever, which is alternately referred to as a whammy bar, vibrato bar, or incorrectly as a tremolo arm. The lever enables the player to quickly and temporarily vary the tension and sometimes length of the strings, changing the pitch to create a vibrato, portamento, or pitch bend effect. Instruments without a vibrato have other bridge and tailpiece systems.

assistant: 1. A vibrato system is a mechanical component that alters the pitch of the strings on a guitar.
2. They modify the string tension at the bridge or tailpiece of an electric guitar using a regulating lever, sometimes known as a whammy bar, vibrato bar, or wrongly as a tremolo arm, to add vibrato to the music.
3. With the help of the lever, the musician can quickly and momentarily alter the tension and occasionally the length of the strings, which alters the pitch and produces effects such as vibrato, portamento, and pitch bend.
4. Vibrato-free instruments need different bridge and tailpiece systems.
user: Given a reference text about Chadwick, Illinois, tell me median family income and the percent of families below the poverty line.

Chadwick is a village in Carroll County, Illinois, United States. The population was 481 at the 2020 census, down from 551 at the 2010 census.

Geography
Chadwick is located at 42°0′51″N 89°53′21″W (42.014081, -89.889078).[3]

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Chadwick has a total area of 0.31 square miles (0.80 km2), all land.[4]

Demographics
As of the 2020 census[6] there were 481 people, 256 households, and 163 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,546.62 inhabitants per square mile (597.15/km2). There were 246 housing units at an average density of 791.00 per square mile (305.41/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 96.67% White, 0.42% African American, 0.62% Asian, and 2.29% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.49% of the population.

There were 256 households, out of which 30.86% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.95% were married couples living together, 5.08% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.33% were non-families. 31.25% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.55% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 2.07.

The village's age distribution consisted of 15.5% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 19.2% from 25 to 44, 35.5% from 45 to 64, and 23.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 128.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 125.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $50,000, and the median income for a family was $57,039. Males had a median income of $36,908 versus $25,652 for females. The per capita income for the village was $27,324. About 3.7% of families and 4.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.0% of those under age 18 and 3.2% of those age 65 or over.

assistant: The median family income in Chadwick, Illinois is $57,039 and about 3.7% of families live below the poverty line.
user: How does a push rod internal combustion engine work?

assistant: The heart of a push rod internal combustion engine (ICE) is the crankshaft. Rods connect the engines pistons to the journals of the crankshaft. The crankshaft is evenly balanced by  weights on the opposite side of each journal to ensure that at high revolutions per minute (RPM) the motor is stable. As the crankshaft rotates it pushes the rods up and down that are connected to pistons. At the front of the crankshaft is a gear, the gear is typically connected via a chain to the camshaft. If the crankshaft is the heart of the engine, a camshaft is the brain of the engine. The camshaft determines when to open and close valves that let in air and fuel into each cylinder and let out exhaust from the internal combustion. The camshaft is a shaft that runs the length of the engine and has lobes on it, small metal cylinders called lifters ride on these lobes and are connected to push rods, the push rods are connected to rockers which rock back and forth opening and closing valves in the cylinder heads. The valves are located in the cylinder heads that sit on top of the cylinders that the pistons are in. As the pistons rotate up, a valve (being driven by the camshaft) opens to bring fuel into the cylinder, when the valve closes a spark from a spark plug, ignites the fuel causing a mini explosion pushing the cylinder down, a second valve opens letting the exhaust from the mini explosion exit the engine. This in turn rotates the crankshaft, pushing another piston up where the process continues. An intake manifold is like the lungs of a motor, it breaths in air from the atmosphere and mixes it with just the right amount of fuel to create that mini explosion in the cylinder.  The timing of the air, fuel, spark delivery is critical if it is off just the smallest of margins the engine will not run at all.
user: When was bowling believed to have been invented?

assistant: Evidence points to ancient Egypt being the origination of bowling, suggesting as far back as 5200 BCE.
user: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Tsuzumi, Auto-harp

assistant: Auto-harp is string, Tsuzumi is percussion.
user: How can I support a loved one going through anxiety and depression?

assistant: This is a great question. As a person who has suffered from depression and anxiety in the past, I have a handful of suggestion to provide. I would suggest not to force the person into any of these things. Give them these suggestions and let them decide for themselves. Let them know you are there to help them for anything they need.
1. Meditate daily: When you start meditation, it seems useless. But overtime, you start feeling the benefits. For some people it takes days, for some months. But just learn to sit in peace with yourself.
2. Find a therapist you feel comfortable with: I went through 3-4 therapists and therapy styles till I found the right one. And I wouldn't want it any other way. I used to think therapy is useless, but now I swear by it.
3. Set time aside in the day to stress: For example, I used to set aside 8 PM to stress. When I would feel anxious about something I could not control, I would just tell myself that I will think about it at 8 PM. It takes practice but it helps.
4. Go outdoors or find a hobby group: As much as I love my bed and TV, just getting myself out there between people helped me so much. I would recommend it for everyone. Being in introvert, I used to hate being around new people. Now I just put myself out there and I know people almost everywhere I go for my hobbies.
5. It's ok to take medication. If anxiety and depression are spoiling your quality of life, it's ok to speak to a psychiatrist and see if they can recommend any medication. It almost was taboo growing up for me, but now I see the benefits.
6. Talk your partners / close friends and express your feelings. Take support from people around you. If they know you are struggling, they will be sensitive enough to help you out.
Hope this helps.
user: Why is standard guitar tuning EADGBE?

assistant: The standard guitar tuning of EADGBE offers consistency and convenience. The interval between each successive pair of strings is a perfect fourth, except the major third interval between G and B, making some figures and phrases 'translate' horizontally across the neck. The perfect fourth interval helps avoid long finger stretches in comparison to the perfect fifth intervals on smaller instruments like the violin. The introduction of a major third between G and B means that the total interval between 1st and 6th string is 24 semitones, or 2 octaves, making the open guitar strings fall more easily into chords, aiding fretting of basic chords with fewer fingers.
user: What characterizes turbulent flow

In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is fluid motion characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity. It is in contrast to a laminar flow, which occurs when a fluid flows in parallel layers, with no disruption between those layers.

assistant: Turbulent flow is characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity.
user: Based on the provided text, In what year did the National Gallery of Ireland open its doors to the public and what kind of art is it known for?

The National Gallery of Ireland (Irish: Gailearaí Náisiúnta na hÉireann) houses the national collection of Irish and European art. It is located in the centre of Dublin with one entrance on Merrion Square, beside Leinster House, and another on Clare Street. It was founded in 1854 and opened its doors ten years later. The gallery has an extensive, representative collection of Irish paintings and is also notable for its Italian Baroque and Dutch masters painting. The current director is Caroline Campbell.

assistant: The National Gallery of Ireland opened in 1864 and is known for its Irish, Italian Baroque, and Dutch masters paintings
user: Based on this paragraph about the early career of John C. Young (pastor), after the resignation of which whom was Young offered the presidency of Centre College in Danville, Kentucky?

After he received a license to preach from the Presbytery of New York on March 7, 1827, Young's career in the ministry began following his graduation from Princeton. In 1828, he moved to Lexington, Kentucky, where he was appointed to the pastorate of McChord Presbyterian Church (now Second Presbyterian Church), founded in 1815 by James McChord, who was later elected as the first president of Centre College in Danville, Kentucky.

Centre's presidency became vacant in October 1830 when Gideon Blackburn resigned the office. At the recommendation of Archibald Alexander, principal of Princeton Theological Seminary, the college's trustees offered Young the position in a unanimous vote. He accepted and was inaugurated as the fourth president of Centre College on November 18, 1830, at the age of 27.

assistant: Gideon Blackburn
user: Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Deadpool or Deadstroke

assistant: Deadpool is Marvel, Deathstroke is DC
user: Which is a species of fish? Snapper or Tapper

assistant: Snapper
user: Identify the bird from the list: Cockroach, Hawfinch, Humpback whale

assistant: Hawfinch
user: What famous surfers have died while surfing?

assistant: There are many surfers that have died doing what they love. Some of the most famous are Mark Foo, Dickie Cross, Marcio Freire, Sion Milosky, and Kirk Passmore
user: I have wine tasting plans for the weekend , give me some tips so that I look like an expert

assistant: The most important part of Wine tasting is to enjoy it and have fun. There are five important steps to tasting wine which are described below.

See the Color  - Take a look at the color of the wine you are about to taste, it will give you a good indication on the age of the wine. Young white wines are clear and look like water, while older wines that have been aged in oak get a gold tint. Young red wines are vivid purplish red while older wines have brownish tones. 
Swirl the wine - Swirling the wine helps to expose the wine to more oxygen and release its aroma, this is called as aerating the wine. Watch how the wine runs down the glass. If the streaks of wine are thick and run relatively slow the wine has more sugar or alcohol. If the wine is thin and runs down the glass fast it has less alcohol. 
Smell the wine - After you swirl the wine take a sniff and it will smell much more vibrant. There are three types of aromas that wines have: primary are  fruity or floral, secondary ones come from aging in the barrels and tertiary are aging signs.
Sip the wine - Take a sip of the wine and spread it around your mouth to detect the different type of taste it provides. The tip of the tongue will give you the sweetness while the sides give you a good indication of sourness or acidity. 
Savor the wine- How does the wine feel after. Does it leave a bitterness or leathery feel on your tongue, it means the wine has more tannins.Does the wine feel light or dense , will give you a sense of whether it is light or medium bodied. 

After you have gone through the steps the most important thing is if you liked the wine. Take notes after each taste and you will eventually find out the type of wines you like.
user: Bowling achievements of Andrew Kyle

Andrew Kyle (born 1978) is a Northern Irish international lawn and indoor bowler.[1]

Kyle bowls for County Antrim Bowling Club indoors and Larne Bowling Club outdoors[1] and in 2016 represented a combined Irish team at the Bowls World Cup in Australia.[2] In 2017, he won three medals at the European Bowls Championships.[3]

He was selected as part of the Northern Ireland team for the 2018 Commonwealth Games on the Gold Coast in Queensland.[4]

In 2019, he won the fours bronze medal at the Atlantic Bowls Championships.[5]

assistant: Andrew Kyle (born 1978) is a Northern Irish international lawn and indoor bowler.

Kyle bowls for County Antrim Bowling Club indoors and Larne Bowling Club outdoors and in 2016 represented a combined Irish team at the Bowls World Cup in Australia. In 2017, he won three medals at the European Bowls Championships.

He was selected as part of the Northern Ireland team for the 2018 Commonwealth Games on the Gold Coast in Queensland.

In 2019, he won the fours bronze medal at the Atlantic Bowls Championships.
user: How to people buy parts for classic cars that are no longer in production?

assistant: A challenge to owning a classic car is buying replacement parts when original components fail. There are a few options, some specialty supply houses create reproduction parts, but depending on the popularity of the car the availability is mixed, it can take some time for a custom part to be fabricated and it can be a costly option.  If the failed part is on hand, you can take the part to a local supply house, and compare the specs to modern parts in the parts catalog, and select the closest matching part. This is a good option for items like fuel filters and brake pads that have similar dimensions and functionality of the original part. In some cases, it may be easier to upgrade a component, such as removing a generator and replacing it with an alternator to upgrade the reliability of the classic car.
user: If you were to design a pantheon, how many gods or deities would you include?

assistant: The beauty of polytheism is that there is no limit on the number of deities.  The gods and goddesses can represent different forces of nature, human characteristics, ancestral principles, natural elements or animals. These can interact with each other and have children representing new concepts. Throughout the human history polytheism has been the most common form of religion and seems to be the most natural.
user: Extract the theories for why the Mary Celeste was abandoned.

Mary Celeste (/səˈlɛst/; often erroneously referred to as Marie Celeste[1]) was an American-registered merchant brigantine, best known for being discovered adrift and deserted in the Atlantic Ocean off the Azores Islands on December 4, 1872. The Canadian brigantine Dei Gratia found her in a dishevelled but seaworthy condition under partial sail and with her lifeboat missing. The last entry in her log was dated ten days earlier. She had left New York City for Genoa on November 7 and was still amply provisioned when found. Her cargo of alcohol was intact, and the captain's and crew's personal belongings were undisturbed. None of those who had been on board were ever seen or heard from again.

Mary Celeste was built in Spencer's Island, Nova Scotia, and launched under British registration as Amazon in 1861. She was transferred to American ownership and registration in 1868, when she acquired her new name. Thereafter she sailed uneventfully until her 1872 voyage. At the salvage hearings in Gibraltar following her recovery, the court's officers considered various possibilities of foul play, including mutiny by Mary Celeste's crew, piracy by the Dei Gratia crew or others, and conspiracy to carry out insurance or salvage fraud. No convincing evidence supported these theories, but unresolved suspicions led to a relatively low salvage award.

The inconclusive nature of the hearings fostered continued speculation as to the nature of the mystery, and the story has repeatedly been complicated by false detail and fantasy. Hypotheses that have been advanced include the effects on the crew of alcohol fumes rising from the cargo, submarine earthquakes, waterspouts, attack by a giant squid, and paranormal intervention.

After the Gibraltar hearings, Mary Celeste continued in service under new owners. In 1885, her captain deliberately wrecked her off the coast of Haiti as part of an attempted insurance fraud. The story of her 1872 abandonment has been recounted and dramatized many times in documentaries, novels, plays, and films, and the name of the ship has become a byword for unexplained desertion. In 1884, Arthur Conan Doyle wrote "J. Habakuk Jephson's Statement", a short story based on the mystery, but spelled the vessel's name as Marie Celeste. The story's popularity led to the spelling becoming more common than the original in everyday use.

assistant: The theories for why the Mary Celeste was abandoned include mutiny by Mary Celeste's crew; piracy; conspiracy to carry out insurance or salvage fraud; and abandonment by the crew due to alcohol fumes rising from the cargo, submarine earthquakes, waterspouts, attack by a giant squid, and paranormal intervention.
user: If you could change one thing about this world, what would it be and why?

assistant: Assuming I could change just one thing in this world, it would be for all of humankind to develop greater empathy and selflessness. I do believe it could be the start of so much good at all levels - it would help nations, societies and people to focus on their own and others' happiness --- and make decisions that focus on the larger good. Many of the troubles ailing us as nations would disappear if we just saw the other side and put ourselves in their shoes. Societies would heal if artificially created differences were done away with. And families and relationships would benefit from a better understanding of the other side's point of view. 

In this utopian world filled with empathy and selflessness, no human would die of hunger, no mother would lose her child due to lack of medical facilities and no human would die of self harm because they were not "normal" or a part of the mainstream.

What saddens me, however, is that this is such an easy thing for everyone to do. If we all just did 1 (or 10) good deed a day, this world would be a better place already. The miracle isn't anywhere else, it is within us.
user: What are the futures?

assistant: Futures are a type of derivative contract agreement to buy or sell a specific commodity asset or security at a set future date for a set price. Futures contracts, or simply "futures," are traded on futures exchanges like the CME Group and require a brokerage account that's approved to trade futures.
user: What are agents in the matrix and what is their relationship to sentinels?

Morpheus and his crew are a group of rebels who hack into the Matrix to "unplug" enslaved humans and recruit them; their understanding of the Matrix's simulated nature allows them to bend its physical laws. Morpheus warns Neo that death within the Matrix kills the physical body too and explains that the Agents are sentient programs that eliminate threats to the system, while machines called Sentinels eliminate rebels in the real world. Neo's prowess during virtual training cements Morpheus's belief that Neo is "the One", a human prophesied to free humankind. The group enters the Matrix to visit the Oracle, a prophet-like program who predicted that the One would emerge. She implies to Neo that he is not the One and warns that he will have to choose between Morpheus's life and his own. Before they can leave the Matrix, Agents and police ambush the group, tipped off by Cypher, a disgruntled crew member who has betrayed Morpheus in exchange for a deal to be plugged back into the Matrix to live a comfortable life.

assistant: Agents in the Matrix are sentient 'programs' designed to remove threats from the system. They can be thought of as an Anti-Virus solution within the Matrix program. 

Sentinels are physical squid-like robots in the real world outside the matrix whose aim is to destroy and capture remaining human settlements.

There is no direct relationship between Agents and sentinels except that they both work for the same entity against the humans.
user: What kind of grand prix is the 1932 Australian Grand Prix

The 1932 Australian Grand Prix was a motor race held at the Phillip Island circuit in Victoria, Australia on 14 March 1932.[1] It was the fifth Australian Grand Prix and the fifth to be held at Phillip Island.[1]

The race was organized by the Light Car Club of Australia, formerly known as the Victorian Light Car Club, and was limited to cars having an engine with a piston displacement of 2000cc or less.[1] It was the first Australian Grand Prix to be decided on a straight handicap basis,[2] with the winner being the first car to complete the 31 laps.[1] The two "scratch" competitors had to concede starts ranging up to 29 minutes, equating to an advantage of four laps.[3] The previous practice of cars contesting four classes was discontinued.[1] Weather conditions were reported to be "ideal".[3]

The race, in which there were 18 starters,[3] was won by Bill Thompson driving a Bugatti.[1] Thompson was also awarded the Herald Trophy for recording the fastest time of the race.[1]

assistant: The 1932 Australian Grand Prix was a motor race held at the Phillip Island circuit in Victoria, Australia on 14 March 1932. It was the fifth Australian Grand Prix and the fifth to be held at Phillip Island.

The race was organized by the Light Car Club of Australia, formerly known as the Victorian Light Car Club, and was limited to cars having an engine with a piston displacement of 2000cc or less. It was the first Australian Grand Prix to be decided on a straight handicap basis, with the winner being the first car to complete the 31 laps. The two "scratch" competitors had to concede starts ranging up to 29 minutes, equating to an advantage of four laps. The previous practice of cars contesting four classes was discontinued. Weather conditions were reported to be "ideal".

The race, in which there were 18 starters, was won by Bill Thompson driving a Bugatti. Thompson was also awarded the Herald Trophy for recording the fastest time of the race.
user: How was the San Francisco bay created?

Until the last ice age, the basin which is now filled by the San Francisco Bay was a large linear valley with small hills, similar to most of the valleys of the Coast Ranges. As the great ice sheets began to melt, around 11,000 years ago, the sea level started to rise. By 5000 BC the sea level rose 300 feet (90 m), filling the valley with water from the Pacific.[7] The valley became a bay, and the small hills became islands.

assistant: Around 11,000 years ago the earth began to wam and melt the great ice sheets, raising sea levels and filling the valley that the San Francisco Bay now lives in.