GreatNorthCollective/greatnorth-canada-federal-laws-text huggingface dataset:
Criminal Code — C-46 672.27
Trial of issue by court 672.27 The court shall try the issue of fitness of an accused and render a verdict where the issue arises (a) in respect of an accused who is tried or is to be tried before a court other than a court composed of a judge and jury; or (b) before a court at a preliminary inquiry or at any other stage of the proceedings. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.28
Proceeding continues where accused is fit 672.28 Where the verdict on trial of the issue is that an accused is fit to stand trial, the arraignment, preliminary inquiry, trial or other stage of the proceeding shall continue as if the issue of fitness of the accused had never arisen. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.29
Where continued detention in custody 672.29 Where an accused is detained in custody on delivery of a verdict that the accused is fit to stand trial, the court may order the accused to be detained in a hospital until the completion of the trial, if the court has reasonable grounds to believe that the accused would become unfit to stand trial if released. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.3
Acquittal 672.3 Where the court has postponed directing the trial of the issue of fitness of an accused pursuant to subsection 672.25(2) and the accused is discharged or acquitted before the issue is tried, it shall not be tried. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.31
Verdict of unfit to stand trial 672.31 Where the verdict on trial of the issue is that an accused is unfit to stand trial, any plea that has been made shall be set aside and any jury shall be discharged. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.32
Subsequent proceedings 672.32 (1) A verdict of unfit to stand trial shall not prevent the accused from being tried subsequently where the accused becomes fit to stand trial. Burden of proof (2) The burden of proof that the accused has subsequently become fit to stand trial is on the party who asserts it, and is discharged by proof on the balance of probabilities. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.33
Prima facie case to be made every two years 672.33 (1) The court that has jurisdiction in respect of the offence charged against an accused who is found unfit to stand trial shall hold an inquiry, not later than two years after the verdict is rendered and every two years thereafter until the accused is acquitted pursuant to subsection (6) or tried, to decide whether sufficient evidence can be adduced at that time to put the accused on trial. Extension of time for holding inquiry (1.1) Despite subsection (1), the court may extend the period for holding an inquiry where it is satisfied on the basis of an application by the prosecutor or the accused that the extension is necessary for the proper administration of justice. Court may order inquiry to be held (2) On application of the accused, the court may order an inquiry under this section to be held at any time if it is satisfied, on the basis of the application and any written material submitted by the accused, that there is reason to doubt that there is a prima facie case against the accused. Burden of proof (3) At an inquiry under this section, the burden of proof that sufficient evidence can be adduced to put the accused on trial is on the prosecutor. Admissible evidence at an inquiry (4) In an inquiry under this section, the court shall admit as evidence (a) any affidavit containing evidence that would be admissible if given by the person making the affidavit as a witness in court; or (b) any certified copy of the oral testimony given at a previous inquiry or hearing held before a court in respect of the offence with which the accused is charged. Conduct of inquiry (5) The court may determine the manner in which an inquiry under this section is conducted and may follow the practices and procedures in respect of a preliminary inquiry under Part XVIII where it concludes that the interests of justice so require. Where prima facie case not made (6) Where, on the completion of an inquiry under this section, the court is satisfied that sufficient evidence cannot be adduced to put the accused on trial, the court shall acquit the accused. 1991, c. 43, s. 4; 2005, c. 22, ss. 13, 42(F)
Criminal Code — C-46 672.34
Verdict of not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder 672.34 Where the jury, or the judge or provincial court judge where there is no jury, finds that an accused committed the act or made the omission that formed the basis of the offence charged, but was at the time suffering from mental disorder so as to be exempt from criminal responsibility by virtue of subsection 16(1), the jury or the judge shall render a verdict that the accused committed the act or made the omission but is not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.35
Effect of verdict of not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder 672.35 Where a verdict of not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder is rendered, the accused shall not be found guilty or convicted of the offence, but (a) the accused may plead autrefois acquit in respect of any subsequent charge relating to that offence; (b) any court may take the verdict into account in considering an application for judicial interim release or in considering what dispositions to make or sentence to impose for any other offence; and (c) the Parole Board of Canada or any provincial parole board may take the verdict into account in considering an application by the accused for parole or for a record suspension under the Criminal Records Act in respect of any other offence. 1991, c. 43, s. 4; 2012, c. 1, ss. 145, 160
Criminal Code — C-46 672.36
Verdict not a previous conviction 672.36 A verdict of not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder is not a previous conviction for the purposes of any offence under any Act of Parliament for which a greater punishment is provided by reason of previous convictions. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.37
Definition of application for federal employment 672.37 (1) In this section, application for federal employment means an application form relating to (a) employment in any department, as defined in section 2 of the Financial Administration Act ; (b) employment by any Crown corporation as defined in subsection 83(1) of the Financial Administration Act ; (c) enrolment in the Canadian Forces; or (d) employment in connection with the operation of any work, undertaking or business that is within the legislative authority of Parliament. Application for federal employment (2) No application for federal employment shall contain any question that requires the applicant to disclose any charge or finding that the applicant committed an offence that resulted in a finding or a verdict of not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder if the applicant was discharged absolutely or is no longer subject to any disposition in respect of that offence. Punishment (3) Any person who uses or authorizes the use of an application for federal employment that contravenes subsection (2) is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.38
Review Boards to be established 672.38 (1) A Review Board shall be established or designated for each province to make or review dispositions concerning any accused in respect of whom a verdict of not criminally responsible by reason of mental disorder or unfit to stand trial is rendered, and shall consist of not fewer than five members appointed by the lieutenant governor in council of the province. Treated as provincial Board (2) A Review Board shall be treated as having been established under the laws of the province. Personal liability (3) No member of a Review Board is personally liable for any act done in good faith in the exercise of the member’s powers or the performance of the member’s duties and functions or for any default or neglect in good faith in the exercise of those powers or the performance of those duties and functions. 1991, c. 43, s. 4; 1997, c. 18, s. 83
Criminal Code — C-46 672.39
Members of Review Board 672.39 A Review Board must have at least one member who is entitled under the laws of a province to practise psychiatry and, where only one member is so entitled, at least one other member must have training and experience in the field of mental health, and be entitled under the laws of a province to practise medicine or psychology. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.4
Chairperson of a Review Board 672.4 (1) Subject to subsection (2), the chairperson of a Review Board shall be a judge of the Federal Court or of a superior, district or county court of a province, or a person who is qualified for appointment to, or has retired from, such a judicial office. Transitional (2) Where the chairperson of a Review Board that was established before the coming into force of subsection (1) is not a judge or other person referred to therein, the chairperson may continue to act until the expiration of his or her term of office if at least one other member of the Review Board is a judge or other person referred to in subsection (1) or is a member of the bar of the province. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.41
Quorum of Review Board 672.41 (1) Subject to subsection (2), the quorum of a Review Board is constituted by the chairperson, a member who is entitled under the laws of a province to practise psychiatry, and any other member. Transitional (2) Where the chairperson of a Review Board that was established before the coming into force of this section is not a judge or other person referred to in subsection 672.4(1), the quorum of the Review Board is constituted by the chairperson, a member who is entitled under the laws of a province to practise psychiatry, and a member who is a person referred to in that subsection or a member of the bar of the province. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.42
Majority vote 672.42 A decision of a majority of the members present and voting is the decision of a Review Board. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.43
Powers of Review Boards 672.43 At a hearing held by a Review Board to make a disposition or review a disposition in respect of an accused, the chairperson has all the powers that are conferred by sections 4 and 5 of the Inquiries Act on persons appointed as commissioners under Part I of that Act. 1991, c. 43, s. 4; 2005, c. 22, s. 42(F)
Criminal Code — C-46 672.44
Rules of Review Board 672.44 (1) A Review Board may, subject to the approval of the lieutenant governor in council of the province, make rules providing for the practice and procedure before the Review Board. Application and publication of rules (2) The rules made by a Review Board under subsection (1) apply to any proceeding within its jurisdiction, and shall be published in the Canada Gazette . Regulations (3) Notwithstanding anything in this section, the Governor in Council may make regulations to provide for the practice and procedure before Review Boards, in particular to make the rules of Review Boards uniform, and all regulations made under this subsection prevail over any rules made under subsection (1). 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.45
Hearing to be held by a court 672.45 (1) Where a verdict of not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder or unfit to stand trial is rendered in respect of an accused, the court may of its own motion, and shall on application by the accused or the prosecutor, hold a disposition hearing. Transmittal of transcript to Review Board (1.1) If the court does not hold a hearing under subsection (1), it shall send without delay, following the verdict, in original or copied form, any transcript of the court proceedings in respect of the accused, any other document or information related to the proceedings, and all exhibits filed with it, to the Review Board that has jurisdiction in respect of the matter, if the transcript, document, information or exhibits are in its possession. Disposition to be made (2) At a disposition hearing, the court shall make a disposition in respect of the accused, if it is satisfied that it can readily do so and that a disposition should be made without delay. 1991, c. 43, s. 4; 2005, c. 22, ss. 14, 42(F)
Criminal Code — C-46 672.46
Status quo pending Review Board hearing 672.46 (1) If the court does not make a disposition in respect of the accused at a disposition hearing, any order for the detention of the accused or any release order, appearance notice, summons or undertaking in respect of the accused that is in force at the time the verdict of not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder or unfit to stand trial is rendered continues in force, subject to its terms, until the Review Board makes a disposition. Variation (2) Despite subsection (1), a court may, pending a disposition by the Review Board in respect of the accused, on cause being shown, vacate the detention order, release order, appearance notice, summons or undertaking referred to in that subsection, and make any other order for the detention of the accused or any other release order that the court considers to be appropriate in the circumstances, including an order directing that the accused be detained in custody in a hospital. 1991, c. 43, s. 4; 2005, c. 22, s. 42(F) 2019, c. 25, s. 276
Criminal Code — C-46 672.47
Review Board to make disposition where court does not 672.47 (1) Where a verdict of not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder or unfit to stand trial is rendered and the court makes no disposition in respect of an accused, the Review Board shall, as soon as is practicable but not later than forty-five days after the verdict was rendered, hold a hearing and make a disposition. Extension of time for hearing (2) Where the court is satisfied that there are exceptional circumstances that warrant it, the court may extend the time for holding a hearing under subsection (1) to a maximum of ninety days after the verdict was rendered. Disposition made by court (3) Where a court makes a disposition under section 672.54 other than an absolute discharge in respect of an accused, the Review Board shall, not later than ninety days after the disposition was made, hold a hearing and make a disposition in respect of the accused. Exception — high-risk accused (4) Despite subsections (1) to (3), if the court makes a disposition under subsection 672.64(3), the Review Board shall, not later than 45 days after the day on which the disposition is made, hold a hearing and make a disposition under paragraph 672.54(c), subject to the restrictions set out in that subsection. Extension of time for hearing (5) If the court is satisfied that there are exceptional circumstances that warrant it, the court may extend the time for holding a hearing under subsection (4) to a maximum of 90 days after the day on which the disposition is made. 1991, c. 43, s. 4; 2005, c. 22, ss. 15, 42(F); 2014, c. 6, s. 6
Criminal Code — C-46 672.48
Review Board to determine fitness 672.48 (1) Where a Review Board holds a hearing to make or review a disposition in respect of an accused who has been found unfit to stand trial, it shall determine whether in its opinion the accused is fit to stand trial at the time of the hearing. Review Board shall send accused to court (2) If a Review Board determines that the accused is fit to stand trial, it shall order that the accused be sent back to court, and the court shall try the issue and render a verdict. Chairperson may send accused to court (3) The chairperson of a Review Board may, with the consent of the accused and the person in charge of the hospital where an accused is being detained, order that the accused be sent back to court for trial of the issue of whether the accused is unfit to stand trial, where the chairperson is of the opinion that (a) the accused is fit to stand trial; and (b) the Review Board will not hold a hearing to make or review a disposition in respect of the accused within a reasonable period. 1991, c. 43, s. 4; 2005, c. 22, s. 42(F)
Criminal Code — C-46 672.49
Continued detention in hospital 672.49 (1) In a disposition made pursuant to section 672.47 the Review Board or chairperson may require the accused to continue to be detained in a hospital until the court determines whether the accused is fit to stand trial, if the Review Board or chairperson has reasonable grounds to believe that the accused would become unfit to stand trial if released. Copy of disposition to be sent to court (2) The Review Board or chairperson shall send a copy of a disposition made pursuant to section 672.47 without delay to the court having jurisdiction over the accused and to the Attorney General of the province where the accused is to be tried. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.5
 672.64, inquire of the prosecutor or a victim of the offence, or any person representing a victim of the offence, whether the victim has been advised of the opportunity to prepare a statement referred to in subsection (14). Adjournment (15.3) On application of the prosecutor or a victim or of its own motion, the court or Review Board may adjourn the hearing held under section 672.45, 672.47 or 672.64 to permit the victim to prepare a statement referred to in subsection (14) if the court or Review Board is satisfied that the adjournment would not interfere with the proper administration of justice. (16) [Repealed, 2015, c. 13, s. 22] 1991, c. 43, s. 4; 1997, c. 18, s. 84; 1999, c. 25, s. 11(Preamble); 2005, c. 22, ss. 16, 42(F); 2014, c. 6, s. 7; 2015, c. 13, s. 22 2019, c. 25, s. 277
Criminal Code — C-46 672.501
y conditions that the Review Board thinks fit. Publication of application prohibited (10) Unless the Review Board refuses to make an order under subsection (3), no person shall publish in any document or broadcast or transmit in any way (a) the contents of an application; (b) any evidence taken, information given or submissions made at a hearing under subsection (7); or (c) any other information that could identify the person to whom the application relates as a victim or witness in the proceedings. Offence (11) Every person who fails to comply with an order made under any of subsections (1) to (3) is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. Application of order (12) For greater certainty, an order referred to in subsection (11) also prohibits, in relation to proceedings taken against any person who fails to comply with the order, the publication in any document or the broadcasting or transmission in any way of information that could identify a victim or witness whose identity is protected by the order. 2005, c. 22, ss. 17, 64 2024, c. 23, s. 9
Criminal Code — C-46 672.51
ithholding that information from the accused no longer exist. Disclosure for research or statistical purposes (10) A person to whom the court or Review Board makes disposition information available under paragraph (9)(a) may disclose it for research or statistical purposes, but not in any form or manner that could reasonably be expected to identify any person to whom it relates. Prohibition on publication (11) No person shall publish in any document or broadcast or transmit in any way (a) any disposition information that is prohibited from being disclosed pursuant to subsection (7); or (b) any part of the record of the proceedings in respect of which the accused was excluded pursuant to subparagraph 672.5(10)(b)(ii) or (iii). Powers of courts not limited (12) Except as otherwise provided in this section, nothing in this section limits the powers that a court may exercise apart from this section. 1991, c. 43, s. 4; 1997, c. 18, s. 85; 2005, c. 22, ss. 18, 42(F), c. 32, s. 22; 2014, c. 6, s. 8
Criminal Code — C-46 672.52
Record of proceedings 672.52 (1) The court or Review Board shall cause a record of the proceedings of its disposition hearings to be kept, and include in the record any assessment report submitted. Transmittal of transcript to Review Board (2) If a court holds a disposition hearing under subsection 672.45(1), whether or not it makes a disposition, it shall send without delay to the Review Board that has jurisdiction in respect of the matter, in original or copied form, a transcript of the hearing, any other document or information related to the hearing, and all exhibits filed with it, if the transcript, document, information or exhibits are in its possession. Reasons for disposition and copies to be provided (3) The court or Review Board shall state its reasons for making a disposition in the record of the proceedings, and shall provide every party with a copy of the disposition and those reasons. 1991, c. 43, s. 4; 2005, c. 22, ss. 19, 42(F)
Criminal Code — C-46 672.53
Proceedings not invalid 672.53 Any procedural irregularity in relation to a disposition hearing does not affect the validity of the hearing unless it causes the accused substantial prejudice. 1991, c. 43, s. 4
Criminal Code — C-46 672.54
Dispositions that may be made 672.54 When a court or Review Board makes a disposition under subsection 672.45(2), section 672.47, subsection 672.64(3) or section 672.83 or 672.84, it shall, taking into account the safety of the public, which is the paramount consideration, the mental condition of the accused, the reintegration of the accused into society and the other needs of the accused, make one of the following dispositions that is necessary and appropriate in the circumstances: (a) where a verdict of not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder has been rendered in respect of the accused and, in the opinion of the court or Review Board, the accused is not a significant threat to the safety of the public, by order, direct that the accused be discharged absolutely; (b) by order, direct that the accused be discharged subject to such conditions as the court or Review Board considers appropriate; or (c) by order, direct that the accused be detained in custody in a hospital, subject to such conditions as the court or Review Board considers appropriate. 1991, c. 43, s. 4; 2005, c. 22, s. 20; 2014, c. 6, s. 9
Criminal Code — C-46 672.5401
Significant threat to safety of public 672.5401 For the purposes of section 672.54, a significant threat to the safety of the public means a risk of serious physical or psychological harm to members of the public  —  including any victim of or witness to the offence, or any person under the age of 18 years  —  resulting from conduct that is criminal in nature but not necessarily violent. 2014, c. 6, s. 10
Criminal Code — C-46 672.541
Victim impact statement 672.541 If a verdict of not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder has been rendered in respect of an accused, the court or Review Board shall (a) at a hearing held under section 672.45, 672.47, 672.64, 672.81 or 672.82 or subsection 672.84(5), take into consideration any statement filed by a victim in accordance with subsection 672.5(14) in determining the appropriate disposition or conditions under section 672.54, to the extent that the statement is relevant to its consideration of the criteria set out in section 672.54; (b) at a hearing held under section 672.64 or subsection 672.84(3), take into consideration any statement filed by a victim in accordance with subsection 672.5(14), to the extent that the statement is relevant to its consideration of the criteria set out in subsection 672.64(1) or 672.84(3), as the case may be, in deciding whether to find that the accused is a high-risk accused, or to revoke such a finding; and (c) at a hearing held under section 672.81 or 672.82 in respect of a high-risk accused, take into consideration any statement filed by a victim in accordance with subsection 672.5(14) in determining whether to refer to the court for review the finding that the accused is a high-risk accused, to the extent that the statement is relevant to its consideration of the criteria set out in subsection 672.84(1). 1999, c. 25, s. 12(Preamble); 2005, c. 22, s. 21; 2014, c. 6, s. 10