GreatNorthCollective/greatnorth-canada-federal-laws-text huggingface dataset:
Criminal Code — C-46 52.1
Sabotage — essential infrastructure 52.1 (1) Every person is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years or is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction who interferes with access to an essential infrastructure or causes an essential infrastructure to be lost, inoperable, unsafe or unfit for use with the intent to (a) endanger the safety, security or defence of Canada; (b) endanger the safety or security of the naval, army or air forces of any state other than Canada that are lawfully present in Canada; or (c) cause a serious risk to the health or safety of the public or any segment of the public. Definition of essential infrastructure (2) In this section, essential infrastructure means a facility or system, whether public or private, completed or under construction, that provides or distributes — or is intended to provide or distribute — services that are essential to the health, safety, security or economic well-being of persons in Canada, including the following: (a) transportation infrastructure; (b) information and communication technology infrastructure; (c) water and wastewater management infrastructure; (d) energy and utilities infrastructure; (e) health services infrastructure; (f) food supply and food services infrastructure; (g) government operations infrastructure; (h) financial infrastructure; and (i) any other infrastructure prescribed by regulations. Saving — stop work (3) No person commits an offence under subsection (1) by reason only that (a) they stop work as a result of the failure of their employer and themselves to agree on any matter relating to their employment; (b) they stop work as a result of the failure of their employer and a bargaining agent acting on their behalf to agree on any matter relating to their employment; or (c) they stop work as a result of their taking part in a combination of workers or employees for their own reasonable protection as workers or employees. Saving — obtaining or communicating information (4) No person commits an offence under subsection (1) by reason only that they attend at or near or approach a dwelling-house or place for the purpose only of obtaining or communicating information. For greater certainty (5) For greater certainty, no person commits an offence under subsection (1) if they interfere with access to an essential infrastructure or cause an essential infrastructure to be lost, inoperable, unsafe or unfit for use while participating in advocacy, protest or dissent but they do not intend to cause any of the harms referred to in paragraphs (1)(a) to (c). Regulations (6) The Governor in Council may make regulations prescribing any infrastructure for the purpose of paragraph (i) of the definition essential infrastructure in subsection (2). 2024, c. 16, s. 61
Criminal Code — C-46 (a)
(a) transportation infrastructure; (b) information and communication technology infrastructure; (c) water and wastewater management infrastructure; (d) energy and utilities infrastructure; (e) health services infrastructure; (f) food supply and food services infrastructure; (g) government operations infrastructure; (h) financial infrastructure; and (i) any other infrastructure prescribed by regulations.
Criminal Code — C-46 52.2
Sabotage — device 52.2 (1) Every person commits an offence who makes, possesses, sells or distributes a device intending that it be used or knowing that it will be used, in whole or in part, to carry out an offence under subsection 52(1) or 52.1(1). Punishment (2) Every person who commits an offence under subsection (1) (a) is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years; or (b) is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. Definition of device (3) For the purposes of this section, device includes a computer program as defined in subsection 342.1(2). 2024, c. 16, s. 61
Criminal Code — C-46 52.3
Attorney General’s consent 52.3 No proceeding for an offence under subsection 52(1), 52.1(1) or 52.2(1) shall be instituted without the Attorney General’s consent. 2024, c. 16, s. 61
Criminal Code — C-46 53
Inciting to mutiny 53 Every one who (a) attempts, for a traitorous or mutinous purpose, to seduce a member of the Canadian Forces from his duty and allegiance to Her Majesty, or (b) attempts to incite or to induce a member of the Canadian Forces to commit a traitorous or mutinous act, is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years. R.S., c. C-34, s. 53
Criminal Code — C-46 54
Assisting deserter 54 Every one who aids, assists, harbours or conceals a person who he knows is a deserter or absentee without leave from the Canadian Forces is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction, but no proceedings shall be instituted under this section without the consent of the Attorney General of Canada. R.S., c. C-34, s. 54
Criminal Code — C-46 55
Evidence of overt acts 55 In proceedings for an offence against any provision in section 47 or sections 50 to 53, evidence of an overt act is not admissible unless that overt act is set out in the indictment or unless the evidence is otherwise relevant as tending to prove an overt act that is set out in the indictment. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 55; 2018, c. 29, s. 2
Criminal Code — C-46 56
Offences in relation to members of R.C.M.P. 56 Every one who wilfully (a) persuades or counsels a member of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police to desert or absent himself without leave, (b) aids, assists, harbours or conceals a member of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police who he knows is a deserter or absentee without leave, or (c) aids or assists a member of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police to desert or absent himself without leave, knowing that the member is about to desert or absent himself without leave, is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 56; R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), s. 8
Criminal Code — C-46 56.1
Identity documents 56.1 (1) Every person commits an offence who, without lawful excuse, procures to be made, possesses, transfers, sells or offers for sale an identity document that relates or purports to relate, in whole or in part, to another person. For greater certainty (2) For greater certainty, subsection (1) does not prohibit an act that is carried out (a) in good faith, in the ordinary course of the person’s business or employment or in the exercise of the duties of their office; (b) for genealogical purposes; (c) with the consent of the person to whom the identity document relates or of a person authorized to consent on behalf of the person to whom the document relates, or of the entity that issued the identity document; or (d) for a legitimate purpose related to the administration of justice. Definition of identity document (3) For the purposes of this section, identity document means a Social Insurance Number card, a driver’s licence, a health insurance card, a birth certificate, a death certificate, a passport as defined in subsection 57(5), a document that simplifies the process of entry into Canada, a certificate of citizenship, a document indicating immigration status in Canada, a certificate of Indian status or an employee identity card that bears the employee’s photograph and signature, or any similar document, issued or purported to be issued by a department or agency of the federal government or of a provincial or foreign government. Punishment (4) Every person who commits an offence under subsection (1) (a) is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; or (b) is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. 2009, c. 28, s. 1
Criminal Code — C-46 57
Forgery of or uttering forged passport 57 (1) Every one who, while in or out of Canada, (a) forges a passport, or (b) knowing that a passport is forged (i) uses, deals with or acts on it, or (ii) causes or attempts to cause any person to use, deal with or act on it, as if the passport were genuine, is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years. False statement in relation to passport (2) Every one who, while in or out of Canada, for the purpose of procuring a passport for himself or any other person or for the purpose of procuring any material alteration or addition to any such passport, makes a written or an oral statement that he knows is false or misleading (a) is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years; or (b) is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. Possession of forged, etc., passport (3) Every person who, without lawful excuse, has in their possession a forged passport or a passport in respect of which an offence under subsection (2) has been committed is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. Special provisions applicable (4) For the purposes of proceedings under this section, (a) the place where a passport was forged is not material; and (b) the definition false document in section 321, and section 366, apply with such modifications as the circumstances require. Definition of passport (5) In this section, passport has the same meaning as in section 2 of the Canadian Passport Order . Jurisdiction (6) Where a person is alleged to have committed, while out of Canada, an offence under this section, proceedings in respect of that offence may, whether or not that person is in Canada, be commenced in any territorial division in Canada and the accused may be tried and punished in respect of that offence in the same manner as if the offence had been committed in that territorial division. Appearance of accused at trial (7) For greater certainty, the provisions of this Act relating to (a) requirements that an accused appear at and be present during proceedings, and (b) the exceptions to those requirements, apply to proceedings commenced in any territorial division pursuant to subsection (6). R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 57; R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), s. 9; 1992, c. 1, s. 60(F); 1994, c. 44, s. 4; 1995, c. 5, s. 25; 2013, c. 40, s. 174; 2018, c. 29, s. 3 2019, c. 25, s. 7
Criminal Code — C-46 58
Fraudulent use of certificate of citizenship 58 (1) Every person is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years or is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction who, while in or outside Canada, (a) uses a certificate of citizenship or a certificate of naturalization for a fraudulent purpose, or (b) being a person to whom a certificate of citizenship or a certificate of naturalization has been granted, knowingly parts with the possession of that certificate with intent that it should be used for a fraudulent purpose. Definition of certificate of citizenship and certificate of naturalization (2) In this section, certificate of citizenship and certificate of naturalization , respectively, mean a certificate of citizenship and a certificate of naturalization as defined by the Citizenship Act . R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 58 2019, c. 25, s. 8
Criminal Code — C-46 59
Seditious words 59 (1) Seditious words are words that express a seditious intention. Seditious libel (2) A seditious libel is a libel that expresses a seditious intention. Seditious conspiracy (3) A seditious conspiracy is an agreement between two or more persons to carry out a seditious intention. Seditious intention (4) Without limiting the generality of the meaning of the expression seditious intention , every one shall be presumed to have a seditious intention who (a) teaches or advocates, or (b) publishes or circulates any writing that advocates, the use, without the authority of law, of force as a means of accomplishing a governmental change within Canada. R.S., c. C-34, s. 60
Criminal Code — C-46 60
Exception 60 Notwithstanding subsection 59(4), no person shall be deemed to have a seditious intention by reason only that he intends, in good faith, (a) to show that Her Majesty has been misled or mistaken in her measures; (b) to point out errors or defects in (i) the government or constitution of Canada or a province, (ii) Parliament or the legislature of a province, or (iii) the administration of justice in Canada; (c) to procure, by lawful means, the alteration of any matter of government in Canada; or (d) to point out, for the purpose of removal, matters that produce or tend to produce feelings of hostility and ill-will between different classes of persons in Canada. R.S., c. C-34, s. 61
Criminal Code — C-46 61
Punishment of seditious offences 61 Every one who (a) speaks seditious words, (b) publishes a seditious libel, or (c) is a party to a seditious conspiracy, is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years. R.S., c. C-34, s. 62
Criminal Code — C-46 62
Offences in relation to military forces 62 (1) Every person is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years or is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction who intentionally (a) interferes with, impairs or influences the loyalty or discipline of a member of a force, (b) publishes, edits, issues, circulates or distributes a writing that advises, counsels or urges insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny or refusal of duty by a member of a force, or (c) advises, counsels, urges or in any manner causes insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny or refusal of duty by a member of a force. Definition of member of a force (2) In this section, member of a force means a member of (a) the Canadian Forces; or (b) the naval, army or air forces of a state other than Canada that are lawfully present in Canada. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 62 2019, c. 25, s. 9
Criminal Code — C-46 63
Unlawful assembly 63 (1) An unlawful assembly is an assembly of three or more persons who, with intent to carry out any common purpose, assemble in such a manner or so conduct themselves when they are assembled as to cause persons in the neighbourhood of the assembly to fear, on reasonable grounds, that they (a) will disturb the peace tumultuously; or (b) will by that assembly needlessly and without reasonable cause provoke other persons to disturb the peace tumultuously. Lawful assembly becoming unlawful (2) Persons who are lawfully assembled may become an unlawful assembly if they conduct themselves with a common purpose in a manner that would have made the assembly unlawful if they had assembled in that manner for that purpose. Exception (3) Persons are not unlawfully assembled by reason only that they are assembled to protect the dwelling-house of any one of them against persons who are threatening to break and enter it for the purpose of committing an indictable offence therein. R.S., c. C-34, s. 64
Criminal Code — C-46 64
Riot 64 A riot is an unlawful assembly that has begun to disturb the peace tumultuously. R.S., c. C-34, s. 65
Criminal Code — C-46 65
Punishment of rioter 65 (1) Every person who takes part in a riot is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. Concealment of identity (2) Every person who commits an offence under subsection (1) while wearing a mask or other disguise to conceal their identity without lawful excuse is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 65; 2013, c. 15, s. 2 2019, c. 25, s. 10
Criminal Code — C-46 66
Punishment for unlawful assembly 66 (1) Every one who is a member of an unlawful assembly is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. Concealment of identity (2) Every person who commits an offence under subsection (1) while wearing a mask or other disguise to conceal their identity without lawful excuse is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 66; 2013, c. 15, s. 3
Criminal Code — C-46 67
Reading proclamation 67 A person who is (a) a justice, mayor or sheriff, or the lawful deputy of a mayor or sheriff, (b) a warden or deputy warden of a prison, or (c) the institutional head of a penitentiary, as those expressions are defined in subsection 2(1) of the Corrections and Conditional Release Act , or that person’s deputy, who receives notice that, at any place within the jurisdiction of the person, twelve or more persons are unlawfully and riotously assembled together shall go to that place and, after approaching as near as is safe, if the person is satisfied that a riot is in progress, shall command silence and thereupon make or cause to be made in a loud voice a proclamation in the following words or to the like effect: Her Majesty the Queen charges and commands all persons being assembled immediately to disperse and peaceably to depart to their habitations or to their lawful business on the pain of being guilty of an offence for which, on conviction, they may be sentenced to imprisonment for life. GOD SAVE THE QUEEN. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 67; 1994, c. 44, s. 5
Criminal Code — C-46 68
Offences related to proclamation 68 Every one is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for life who (a) opposes, hinders or assaults, wilfully and with force, a person who begins to make or is about to begin to make or is making the proclamation referred to in section 67 so that it is not made; (b) does not peaceably disperse and depart from a place where the proclamation referred to in section 67 is made within thirty minutes after it is made; or (c) does not depart from a place within thirty minutes when he has reasonable grounds to believe that the proclamation referred to in section 67 would have been made in that place if some person had not opposed, hindered or assaulted, wilfully and with force, a person who would have made it. R.S., c. C-34, s. 69
Criminal Code — C-46 69
Neglect by peace officer 69 A peace officer who receives notice that there is a riot within their jurisdiction and, without reasonable excuse, fails to take all reasonable steps to suppress the riot is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 69 2019, c. 25, s. 11
Criminal Code — C-46 70
Orders by Governor in Council 70 (1) The Governor in Council may, by proclamation, make orders (a) to prohibit assemblies, without lawful authority, of persons for the purpose (i) of training or drilling themselves, (ii) of being trained or drilled to the use of arms, or (iii) of practising military exercises; or (b) to prohibit persons when assembled for any purpose from training or drilling themselves or from being trained or drilled. General or special order (2) An order that is made under subsection (1) may be general or may be made applicable to particular places, districts or assemblies to be specified in the order. Punishment (3) Every person who contravenes an order made under this section is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 70; 1992, c. 1, s. 60(F) 2019, c. 25, s. 12
Criminal Code — C-46 72
Forcible entry 72 (1) A person commits forcible entry when that person enters real property that is in the actual and peaceable possession of another in a manner that is likely to cause a breach of the peace or reasonable apprehension of a breach of the peace. Matters not material (1.1) For the purposes of subsection (1), it is immaterial whether or not a person is entitled to enter the real property or whether or not that person has any intention of taking possession of the real property. Forcible detainer (2) A person commits forcible detainer when, being in actual possession of real property without colour of right, he detains it in a manner that is likely to cause a breach of the peace or reasonable apprehension of a breach of the peace, against a person who is entitled by law to possession of it. Questions of law (3) The questions whether a person is in actual and peaceable possession or is in actual possession without colour of right are questions of law. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 72; R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), s. 10; 1992, c. 1, s. 60(F)
Criminal Code — C-46 73
Punishment 73 Every person who commits forcible entry or forcible detainer is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 73; R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), s. 11; 1992, c. 1, s. 58 2019, c. 25, s. 13
Criminal Code — C-46 74
Piracy by law of nations 74 (1) Every one commits piracy who does any act that, by the law of nations, is piracy. Punishment (2) Every one who commits piracy while in or out of Canada is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for life. R.S., c. C-34, s. 75; 1974-75-76, c. 105, s. 3
Criminal Code — C-46 75
Piratical acts 75 Every one who, while in or out of Canada, (a) steals a Canadian ship, (b) steals or without lawful authority throws overboard, damages or destroys anything that is part of the cargo, supplies or fittings in a Canadian ship, (c) does or attempts to do a mutinous act on a Canadian ship, or (d) counsels a person to do anything mentioned in paragraph (a), (b) or (c), is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 75; R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), s. 7
Criminal Code — C-46 76
Hijacking 76 Every one who, unlawfully, by force or threat thereof, or by any other form of intimidation, seizes or exercises control of an aircraft with intent (a) to cause any person on board the aircraft to be confined or imprisoned against his will, (b) to cause any person on board the aircraft to be transported against his will to any place other than the next scheduled place of landing of the aircraft, (c) to hold any person on board the aircraft for ransom or to service against his will, or (d) to cause the aircraft to deviate in a material respect from its flight plan, is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for life. 1972, c. 13, s. 6
Criminal Code — C-46 77
Endangering safety of aircraft or airport 77 Every one who (a) on board an aircraft in flight, commits an act of violence against a person that is likely to endanger the safety of the aircraft, (b) using a weapon, commits an act of violence against a person at an airport serving international civil aviation that causes or is likely to cause serious injury or death and that endangers or is likely to endanger safety at the airport, (c) causes damage to an aircraft in service that renders the aircraft incapable of flight or that is likely to endanger the safety of the aircraft in flight, (d) places or causes to be placed on board an aircraft in service anything that is likely to cause damage to the aircraft, that will render it incapable of flight or that is likely to endanger the safety of the aircraft in flight, (e) causes damage to or interferes with the operation of any air navigation facility where the damage or interference is likely to endanger the safety of an aircraft in flight, (f) using a weapon, substance or device, destroys or causes serious damage to the facilities of an airport serving international civil aviation or to any aircraft not in service located there, or causes disruption of services of the airport, that endangers or is likely to endanger safety at the airport, or (g) endangers the safety of an aircraft in flight by communicating to any other person any information that the person knows to be false, is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for life. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 77; 1993, c. 7, s. 3