GreatNorthCollective/greatnorth-canada-federal-laws-text huggingface dataset:
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 9
On-Road Vehicle and Engine Emission Regulations 9 (1) An emission control system that is installed in a vehicle to enable it to conform to the standards set out in these Regulations must be in conformity with subsection 11(1) of the On-Road Vehicle and Engine Emission Regulations . Defeat device (2) A vehicle must not be equipped with a defeat device. Test procedures (3) Subsections 11(3) and (4) of the On-Road Vehicle and Engine Emission Regulations apply, except that the test procedures in question are the ones set out in section 11 . Exception — emergency vehicle or fire fighting vehicle (4) Despite subsection (2), an emergency vehicle or fire fighting vehicle may be equipped with a defeat device if the device is one that is activated during emergency response operations to maintain speed, torque or power in either of the following circumstances: (a) the emission control system is in an abnormal state; or (b) the device acts to maintain the emission control system in a normal state. SOR/2014-207, s. 4; SOR/2015-186, s. 55
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 10
Nitrous oxide and methane emission standards 10 (1) Subject to subsection (2) and section 12, passenger automobiles and light trucks of the 2012 model year or a subsequent model year must conform to the following exhaust emission standards for nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and methane (CH 4 ) for the applicable model year: (a) the standards for nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and methane (CH 4 ) set out in section 1818(f)(1) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR; (b) the standards for nitrous oxide (N 2 O) set out in section 1818(f)(1) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR and the alternative standards for methane (CH 4 ) determined in accordance with section 1818(f)(3) of that subpart; (c) the alternative standards for nitrous oxide (N 2 O) determined in accordance with section 1818(f)(3) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR and the standards for methane (CH 4 ) set out in section 1818(f)(1) of that subpart; or (d) the alternative standards for nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and methane (CH 4 ) determined in accordance with section 1818(f)(3) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR. Fleet emission calculation (2) Instead of complying with subsection (1), a company may elect to include the exhaust emissions of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and methane (CH 4 ) of its passenger automobiles and light trucks of a model year when calculating their carbon-related exhaust emission value as set out in subsection 18.1(2) in respect of each of its fleets of that model year. Election applicable to all models (3) A company that makes an election under subsection (2) must ensure that it applies to all models of passenger automobiles and light trucks that it manufactures or imports. SOR/2014-207, ss. 5, 23
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 11
Interpretation of standards 11 The standards referred to in section 10 are the certification and in-use standards for the applicable useful life, taking into account the test procedures, fuels and calculation methods set out for those standards in subpart B of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86 of the CFR and in subpart B of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter Q, part 600, of the CFR. SOR/2014-207, s. 6
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 12
EPA certificate 12 (1) Every vehicle of a specific model year that is covered by an EPA certificate and that bears the label referred to in paragraph 36(1)(d) must conform to, instead of the standards set out in sections 9 and 10, the certification and in-use standards referred to in the EPA certificate. Subsection 153(3) of the Act (2) For the purposes of subsection 153(3) of the Act, the provisions of the CFR that are applicable to a vehicle referred to in subsection (1), pursuant to the EPA certificate, correspond to the certification and in-use standards referred to in subsection (1). EPA (3) For the purposes of subsection 153(3) of the Act, the EPA is the prescribed agency. SOR/2015-186, s. 56
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 13
Requirements respecting CO 2 equivalent emissions 13 Subject to sections 14 , 20 and 21 , a company must ensure that the fleet average CO 2 equivalent emission value for each fleet of its passenger automobiles and fleet of its light trucks of the 2011 and subsequent model years does not exceed the applicable fleet average CO 2 equivalent emission standard for the model year in question.
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 14
Non application of the standards respecting CO 2 equivalent emissions 14 (1) A company that manufactured or imported at least one passenger automobile or light truck but in total not more than 749 passenger automobiles and light trucks of either the 2008 or 2009 model years for sale in Canada is not subject to sections 13 and 17 to 20 for vehicles of the 2012 model year or a subsequent model year if (a) the average number of passenger automobiles and light trucks that were manufactured or imported by the company for sale in Canada is less than 750 for the three consecutive model years preceding the model year that is one year before the model year in question; and (b) the company submits a declaration as set out in section 35. New companies — 2017 model year and subsequent model years (1.1) A company that did not manufacture or import any passenger automobiles or light trucks of the 2011 to 2016 model years for sale in Canada during the 2010 to 2016 calendar years is not subject to sections 13 and 17 to 20 for vehicles of the 2017 model year or a subsequent model year if the company submits a declaration as set out in section 35 and (a) in the case of the first model year for which the company manufactures or imports passenger automobiles or light trucks for sale in Canada, the company manufactures or imports in total less than 750 passenger automobiles and light trucks; (b) in the case of the second model year for which the company manufactures or imports passenger automobiles or light trucks for sale in Canada, the company manufactures or imports in total less than 750 passenger automobiles and light trucks; (c) in the case of the third model year for which the company manufactures or imports passenger automobiles or light trucks for sale in Canada, the company manufactures or imports in total less than 750 passenger automobiles and light trucks; and (d) in the case of any subsequent model year, the average number of passenger automobiles and light trucks that are or were manufactured or imported by the company for sale in Canada for that model year and for the two preceding model years is less than 750. Conditions (2) If, for the three consecutive model years preceding the model year in question, the average number of passenger automobiles and light trucks that were manufactured or imported by a company for sale in Canada is equal to or greater than 750 — other than by reason of the company purchasing another company — the company becomes subject to sections 13, 17 to 20 and 33 for its passenger automobiles and light trucks of the following model year: (a) if that average number is less than 7,500, that of the second model year after the last model year used to establish the average number; or (b) if that average number is equal to or greater than 7,500, that of the model year after the last model year used to establish the average number. SOR/2014-207, s. 7
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 15
Rounding — general 15 (1) If any of the calculations in these Regulations, except for those in paragraphs 17(4)(b) and (5)(b), subsections 17(6) and (7) and 18.1(1), (5) and (10), sections 18.2 and 18.3 and subsections 18.4(1), 30.13 (1), 30.14 (3) and 30.21 (2) and (3), results in a number that is not a whole number, the number must be rounded to the nearest whole number in accordance with section 6 of the ASTM International method ASTM E29-93a, entitled Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications . Rounding — nearest tenth of a unit (2) If any of the calculations in paragraphs 17(4)(b) and (5)(b), subsections 17(6) and (7) and 18.1(1), (5) and (10), sections 18.2 and 18.3 and subsection 18.4(1) results in a number that is not a whole number, the number must be rounded to the nearest tenth of a unit in accordance with section 6 of that method. Rounding — nearest ten-thousandth of a unit (3) If any of the calculations in subsections 30.13 (1), 30.14 (3) and 30.21 (2) and (3) results in a number that is not a whole number, the number must be rounded to the nearest ten-thousandth of a unit in accordance with section 6 of that method. SOR/2014-207, s. 8 SOR/2023-275, s. 5
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 16
Calculation of fleet average CO 2 equivalent emission standard for the 2011 model year 16 (1) A company must calculate the fleet average CO 2 equivalent emission standard, expressed in grams of CO 2 equivalent per mile, in respect of its fleet of passenger automobiles and its fleet of light trucks of the 2011 model year, by dividing 8,887 by the following: (a) in the case of passenger automobiles, the manufacturer specific passenger automobile fuel economy level for the 2011 model year determined in accordance with section 5(b) of Title 49, subtitle B, chapter V, part 531, of the CFR, applicable to that model year; and (b) in the case of light trucks, the manufacturer specific light truck fuel economy level for the 2011 model year determined in accordance with section 5(a) of Title 49, subtitle B, chapter V, part 533, of the CFR, applicable to that model year. Modification (2) For the purposes of subsection (1), the equation in Figure 1 set out in section 5 of parts 531 and 533 of Title 49, subtitle B, chapter V, of the CFR, is modified as follows: (a) “N” is the total number of passenger automobiles or light trucks in the fleet; (b) “N i ” is the number of passenger automobiles or light trucks in each group “i” in the fleet; and (c) “i” is a group of passenger automobiles or light trucks of the same model type and that have the same footprint.
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 17
odel year and subsequent model years (6) The CO 2 emission target value applicable to a given group of passenger automobiles of the 2017 model year and subsequent model years corresponds to the value determined for that group in accordance with section 1818(c)(2)(i) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR. Targets — light trucks of the 2017 model year and subsequent model years (7) The CO 2 emission target value applicable to a given group of light trucks of the 2017 model year and subsequent model years corresponds to the value determined for that group in accordance with section 1818(c)(3)(i) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR. CFR version — subsections (6) and (7) (8) Despite the definition CFR in subsection 1(1), the provisions of the CFR referred to in subsections (6) and (7) are as they read on February 28, 2022. SOR/2014-207, s. 9 SOR/2023-275, s. 6
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 18
Fleet average CO 2 equivalent emission value 18 A company must calculate the fleet average CO 2 equivalent emission value for its fleet of passenger automobiles and its fleet of light trucks of the 2011 model year and subsequent model years in accordance with the following formula: D – E – F – G – H where D is the fleet average carbon-related exhaust emission value for each fleet, calculated in accordance with subsections 18.1(1) and (2), taking into account subsections 18.1(6) and (7); E is the allowance for the reduction of air conditioning refrigerant leakage, calculated in accordance with subsection 18.2(1); F is the allowance for the improvement of air conditioning system efficiency, calculated in accordance with subsection 18.2(2); G is the allowance for the use of innovative technologies that result in a measurable CO 2 emission reduction, which corresponds to the sum of the allowances calculated in accordance with subsections 18.3(1), (3) or (3.1), and (5); and H is the CO 2 allowance for full-size pick-up trucks, calculated in accordance with subsection 18.4(1). SOR/2014-207, s. 10 SOR/2023-275, s. 7
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 18.1
in hybrid electric vehicles in excess of maximum number (10) For any electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles that are in excess of the applicable maximum number, a company must determine the carbon-related exhaust emission value for the model year in question, taking into account subsection 19(2) and expressing the result in grams of CO 2 equivalent per mile, in accordance with (a) in the case of electric vehicles, section 113(n)(1) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart B, of the CFR — excluding the measure for the limited number of vehicles referred to in the description of CREE — except that the description of AVGUSUP in that section is equal to 0.210; and (b) in the case of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, section 113(n)(2) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart B, of the CFR, taking into account the following clarifications: (i) the value in respect of exhaust emissions is determined in accordance with section 510(j)(2) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart F, of the CFR, and (ii) the equivalent value in respect of the electricity grid for the electricity that is used to recharge the energy storage system is determined in accordance with section 113(n)(1) of Title 40, chapter I, part 600, subpart B, of the CFR — excluding the measure for the limited number of vehicles referred to in the description of CREE — except that the description of AVGUSUP in that section is equal to 0.210. Fuel cell vehicles (11) For the purposes of subsection (8), a company must count its fuel cell vehicles before counting the other advanced technology vehicles. SOR/2014-207, s. 10 SOR/2023-275, s. 8
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 18.2
Allowance for reduction of air conditioning refrigerant leakage 18.2 (1) A company may elect to calculate, using the following formula, an allowance for the use, in its fleet of passenger automobiles or light trucks, of air conditioning systems that incorporate technologies designed to reduce air conditioning refrigerant leakage: Σ (A × B) C where A is the CO 2 equivalent leakage reduction for each air conditioning system in the fleet that incorporates those technologies, determined in accordance with section 1867 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, of the CFR and expressed in grams of CO 2 equivalent per mile; B is the number of passenger automobiles or light trucks in the fleet that are equipped with the air conditioning system; and C is the total number of passenger automobiles or light trucks in the fleet. Allowance for improvement of air conditioning system efficiency (2) A company may elect to calculate, using the following formula, an allowance for the use, in its fleet of passenger automobiles or light trucks, of air conditioning systems that incorporate technologies designed to reduce air-conditioning-related CO 2 emissions by improving air conditioning system efficiency: Σ (A × B) C where A is the air conditioning efficiency allowance for each air conditioning system in the fleet that incorporates those technologies, determined in accordance with the provisions relating to credits in section 1868 of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, of the CFR and expressed in grams of CO 2 per mile; B is the number of passenger automobiles or light trucks in the fleet that are equipped with the air conditioning system; and C is the total number of passenger automobiles or light trucks in the fleet. SOR/2014-207, s. 10; SOR/2015-186, s. 57
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 18.3
 Adjustment (4) For the purposes of subsections (3) and (3.1), the company must perform the following calculation and ensure that the result does not exceed 10 or 15 grams of CO 2 per mile, respectively: (Σ (A × B a ) × 195,264) + (Σ (A × B t ) × 225,865) (Σ C a × 195,264) + (Σ C t × 225,865) where A is the allowance for each innovative technology that is used in the fleet and that the company decides to take into account, determined in accordance with subsection (1); B a is the number of passenger automobiles in the fleet that are equipped with the innovative technology in question and that the company decides to take into account; B t is the number of light trucks in the fleet that are equipped with the innovative technology in question and that the company decides to take into account; C a is the total number of passenger automobiles in the fleet; and C t is the total number of light trucks in the fleet. Allowance for innovative technologies (5) A company may elect to calculate, using the following formula, an allowance for the use, in its fleet of passenger automobiles or light trucks, of innovative technologies — other than those referred to in subsection (1) — that result in a measurable CO 2 emission reduction: Σ (A × B) C where A is the allowance for each innovative technology that is used in the fleet, determined in accordance with the provisions for the 5-cycle methodology set out in section 1869(c) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, of the CFR and expressed in grams of CO 2 per mile; B is the number of passenger automobiles or light trucks in the fleet that are equipped with the innovative technology; and C is the total number of passenger automobiles or light trucks in the fleet. Alternative procedure to the 5-cycle methodology (6) If the 5-cycle methodology referred to in subsection (5) cannot adequately measure the emission reduction attributable to an innovative technology, a company may, instead of determining the allowance for the innovative technology in accordance with the description of A in subsection (5), (a) use the credit value approved by the EPA for that technology under section 1869(e) of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, of the CFR, expressed in grams of CO 2 per mile, if the company provides the Minister with evidence of the EPA approval in its end of model year report; or (b) determine that allowance in accordance with an alternative procedure, if the company provides the Minister with evidence demonstrating that the alternative procedure allows for a more accurate determination of the emission reduction attributable to the innovative technology and that the allowance determined in accordance with that procedure more accurately represent that emission reduction. SOR/2014-207, s. 10 SOR/2023-275, s. 9
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 18.4
 in paragraphs (a) and (b) of the description of A R in subsection (1) may be calculated in respect of full-size pick-up trucks of a model year only if the percentage in the fleet of full-size pick-up trucks of that model year that achieve such a value is equal to or greater than the percentage for that model year set out in section 1870(b)(1) or (2), depending on the emission performance achieved, of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86, subpart S, of the CFR. The allowance referred to in paragraph (a) of the description of A R may be calculated only for full-size pick-up trucks of the 2017 to 2021, 2023 and 2024 model years. Single allowance (4) A company must not claim, in respect of the same pick-up truck, both the allowance referred to in the description of A H in subsection (1) and the allowance referred to in the description of A R in that subsection. Election (5) A company that elects to multiply the number of advanced technology vehicles in its fleet in accordance with subsection 18.1(4) must not use the allowance referred to in the description of A R in subsection (1) for the same vehicle. SOR/2014-207, s. 10; SOR/2018-98, s. 74 SOR/2023-275, s. 10
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 19
Interpretation of standards 19 (1) The carbon-related exhaust emission value and the fuel economy level that are calculated in accordance with section 18.1 must be calculated taking into account the applicable test procedures, fuels and calculation methods set out in subpart B of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter C, part 86 and in subpart B of Title 40, chapter I, subchapter Q, part 600, of the CFR and taking into account any clarifications or additional information issued by the EPA, if the company keeps a copy of those clarifications or that additional information. Representative data (2) When a company calculates the fleet average carbon-related exhaust emission value under section 18, the data and values used in the calculation must represent at least 90% of the total number of vehicles in the company’s fleet with respect to the configuration. SOR/2014-207, s. 11
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 21
Deficits 21 (1) Subject to subsection (5), a company must use credits obtained for a fleet of passenger automobiles or light trucks of a specific model year to offset any outstanding deficits incurred for any of its fleets. Remaining credits (2) Subject to subsection (2.1), a company may bank any remaining credits to offset a future deficit or transfer the remaining credits to another company, except during the 2012 to 2015, and, if applicable, 2016, model years if the company elects to create a temporary optional fleet under section 24. Remaining credits — transfer prohibited (2.1) A company that has made an election under section 28.1 and obtained credits in respect of its fleets of the 2017 to 2020 model years may not transfer any remaining credits to another company. Offset (3) Subject to subsection (4), a company may offset a deficit with an equivalent number of credits obtained in accordance with section 20 or with an equivalent number of credits transferred from another company. Adjustment (4) The number of credits obtained in respect of fleets of the 2011 model year that contain alcohol dual fuel vehicles or natural gas dual fuel vehicles and that are available to offset a deficit incurred in respect of a fleet of passenger automobiles or light trucks of the 2012 or subsequent model years must be adjusted with the assumption that all alcohol dual fuel vehicles and natural gas dual fuel vehicles operate only on gasoline or diesel fuel. Offset — time limit (5) A company must offset a deficit incurred in respect of a model year no later than the day on which the company submits the end of model year report for vehicles of the third model year after the model year for which the company incurred the deficit. SOR/2014-207, s. 13
Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations — 22
Purchased or merged companies 22 (1) A company that purchases another company or that results from the merger of companies is responsible for offsetting any outstanding deficits of the purchased or merged companies. Ceasing activities (2) If a company ceases to manufacture, import or sell passenger automobiles or light trucks, it must, before submitting its last end of model year report, offset all outstanding deficits for its fleets.