Canadian Aviation Regulations — 900.01
900.01 The following definitions apply in this Part. advertised event means an outdoor event that is advertised to the general public, including a concert, festival, market or sporting event. ( événement annoncé ) autonomous [Repealed, SOR/2025-70, s. 43] BVLOS means beyond visual line-of-sight. ( BVLOS ) BVLOS operation means an operation of a remotely piloted aircraft that is not in visual line-of-sight, but does not include an extended VLOS operation or a sheltered operation. ( opération en BVLOS ) command and control link [Repealed, SOR/2025-70, s. 43] contingency procedures means the procedures to be followed to address conditions that could lead to an unsafe situation. ( procédure de contingence ) contingency volume means the area immediately surrounding the flight geography within which contingency procedures are intended to be used to return a remotely piloted aircraft to the flight geography or safely terminate the flight. ( volume de contingence ) control station [Repealed, SOR/2025-70, s. 43] detect and avoid functions [Repealed, SOR/2025-70, s. 43] extended VLOS operation means an operation of a remotely piloted aircraft that is not in visual line-of-sight but during which unaided visual contact is maintained with the airspace in which the aircraft is operating in a manner sufficient to detect conflicting air traffic and other hazards and take action to avoid them. ( opération en VLOS prolongée ) first-person view device [Repealed, SOR/2025-70, s. 43] flight geography means the area within which a remotely piloted aircraft is intended to fly for a specific operation. ( géographie de vol ) flight termination system [Repealed, SOR/2025-70, s. 43] fly-away means, in respect of a remotely piloted aircraft, an interruption or loss of the command and control link such that the pilot is no longer able to control the aircraft and the aircraft no longer follows its preprogrammed procedures or operates in a predictable or planned manner. ( dérive ) ground risk buffer means the area immediately surrounding the contingency volume that, when measured horizontally from the perimeter of the contingency volume, is at least equal to the planned maximum altitude of the remotely piloted aircraft for the flight. ( tampon de risque au sol ) mandatory action means the inspection, repair or modification of a remotely piloted aircraft system that is necessary to prevent an unsafe or potentially unsafe condition. ( mesure obligatoire ) medium remotely piloted aircraft means a remotely piloted aircraft that has an operating weight of more than 25 kg (55 pounds) but not more than 150 kg (331 pounds). ( aéronef télépiloté moyen ) operating weight means the weight of a remotely piloted aircraft at any point during a flight, including any payload and any safety equipment that is on board or otherwise connected to the aircraft. ( masse opérationnelle ) operational volume means the area that is composed of the flight geography, contingency volume and ground risk buffer. ( volume opérationnel ) payload means a system, object or collection of objects, including a slung load, that is on board or is otherwise connected to a remotely piloted aircraft but that is not required for flight. ( charge utile ) populated area means an area with more than five people per square kilometre. ( zone peuplée ) RPAS ground school instruction means instructor-led training given to one or more persons, delivered in-person or virtually, and provided through an organized program of lectures, homework or self-paced study. ( instruction théorique au sol pour les SATP ) RPAS operations manual means the manual established by an RPAS operator under section 901.217 . ( manuel d’exploitation de SATP ) RPAS operator means the holder of an RPAS operator certificate. ( exploitant de SATP ) RPAS operator certificate means a certificate issued under section 901.214 . ( certificat d’exploitation de SATP ) sheltered operation means an operation of a remotely piloted aircraft that is