GreatNorthCollective/greatnorth-canada-federal-laws-text huggingface dataset:
Criminal Code — C-46 431.2
Definitions 431.2 (1) The following definitions apply in this section. explosive or other lethal device means (a) an explosive or incendiary weapon or device that is designed to cause, or is capable of causing, death, serious bodily injury or substantial material damage; or (b) a weapon or device that is designed to cause, or is capable of causing, death, serious bodily injury or substantial material damage through the release, dissemination or impact of toxic chemicals, biological agents or toxins or similar substances, or radiation or radioactive material. ( engin explosif ou autre engin meurtrier ) infrastructure facility means a publicly or privately owned facility that provides or distributes services for the benefit of the public, including services relating to water, sewage, energy, fuel and communications. ( infrastructure ) military forces of a state means the armed forces that a state organizes, trains and equips in accordance with the law of the state for the primary purpose of national defence or national security, and every person acting in support of those armed forces who is under their formal command, control and responsibility. ( forces armées d’un État ) place of public use means those parts of land, a building, street, waterway or other location that are accessible or open to members of the public, whether on a continuous, periodic or occasional basis, and includes any commercial, business, cultural, historical, educational, religious, governmental, entertainment, recreational or other place that is accessible or open to the public on such a basis. ( lieu public ) public transportation system means a publicly or privately owned facility, conveyance or other thing that is used in connection with publicly available services for the transportation of persons or cargo. ( système de transport public ) Explosive or other lethal device (2) Every one who delivers, places, discharges or detonates an explosive or other lethal device to, into, in or against a place of public use, a government or public facility, a public transportation system or an infrastructure facility, either with intent to cause death or serious bodily injury or with intent to cause extensive destruction of such a place, system or facility that results in or is likely to result in major economic loss, is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for life. Armed forces (3) For greater certainty, subsection (2) does not apply to an act or omission that is committed during an armed conflict and that, at the time and in the place of its commission, is in accordance with customary international law or conventional international law applicable to the conflict, or to activities undertaken by military forces of a state in the exercise of their official duties, to the extent that those activities are governed by other rules of international law. 2001, c. 41, s. 13
Criminal Code — C-46 (a)
explosive or other lethal device means (a) an explosive or incendiary weapon or device that is designed to cause, or is capable of causing, death, serious bodily injury or substantial material damage; or (b) a weapon or device that is designed to cause, or is capable of causing, death, serious bodily injury or substantial material damage through the release, dissemination or impact of toxic chemicals, biological agents or toxins or similar substances, or radiation or radioactive material. ( engin explosif ou autre engin meurtrier )
Criminal Code — C-46
infrastructure facility means a publicly or privately owned facility that provides or distributes services for the benefit of the public, including services relating to water, sewage, energy, fuel and communications. ( infrastructure )
Criminal Code — C-46
military forces of a state means the armed forces that a state organizes, trains and equips in accordance with the law of the state for the primary purpose of national defence or national security, and every person acting in support of those armed forces who is under their formal command, control and responsibility. ( forces armées d’un État )
Criminal Code — C-46
place of public use means those parts of land, a building, street, waterway or other location that are accessible or open to members of the public, whether on a continuous, periodic or occasional basis, and includes any commercial, business, cultural, historical, educational, religious, governmental, entertainment, recreational or other place that is accessible or open to the public on such a basis. ( lieu public )
Criminal Code — C-46
public transportation system means a publicly or privately owned facility, conveyance or other thing that is used in connection with publicly available services for the transportation of persons or cargo. ( système de transport public )
Criminal Code — C-46 432
Unauthorized recording of a movie 432 (1) A person who, without the consent of the theatre manager, records in a movie theatre a performance of a cinematographic work within the meaning of section 2 of the Copyright Act or its soundtrack (a) is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years; or (b) is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. Unauthorized recording for purpose of sale, etc. (2) A person who, without the consent of the theatre manager, records in a movie theatre a performance of a cinematographic work within the meaning of section 2 of the Copyright Act or its soundtrack for the purpose of the sale, rental or other commercial distribution of a copy of the cinematographic work (a) is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; or (b) is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. Forfeiture (3) In addition to any punishment that is imposed on a person who is convicted of an offence under this section, the court may order that anything that is used in the commission of the offence be forfeited to Her Majesty in right of the province in which the proceedings are taken. Anything that is forfeited may be disposed of as the Attorney General directs. Forfeiture — limitation (4) No order may be made under subsection (3) in respect of anything that is the property of a person who is not a party to the offence. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 432; R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), s. 58; 2007, c. 28, s. 1
Criminal Code — C-46 433
Arson — disregard for human life 433 Every person who intentionally or recklessly causes damage by fire or explosion to property, whether or not that person owns the property, is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for life where (a) the person knows that or is reckless with respect to whether the property is inhabited or occupied; or (b) the fire or explosion causes bodily harm to another person. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 433; 1990, c. 15, s. 1
Criminal Code — C-46 434
Arson — damage to property 434 Every person who intentionally or recklessly causes damage by fire or explosion to property that is not wholly owned by that person is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 434; 1990, c. 15, s. 1
Criminal Code — C-46 434.1
Arson — own property 434.1 Every person who intentionally or recklessly causes damage by fire or explosion to property that is owned, in whole or in part, by that person is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years, where the fire or explosion seriously threatens the health, safety or property of another person. 1990, c. 15, s. 1
Criminal Code — C-46 435
Arson for fraudulent purpose 435 (1) Every person who, with intent to defraud any other person, causes damage by fire or explosion to property, whether or not that person owns, in whole or in part, the property, is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. Holder or beneficiary of fire insurance policy (2) Where a person is charged with an offence under subsection (1), the fact that the person was the holder of or was named as a beneficiary under a policy of fire insurance relating to the property in respect of which the offence is alleged to have been committed is a fact from which intent to defraud may be inferred by the court. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 435; 1990, c. 15, s. 1 2019, c. 25, s. 163
Criminal Code — C-46 436
Arson by negligence 436 (1) Every person who owns, in whole or in part, or controls property and who, as a result of a marked departure from the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would use to prevent or control the spread of fires or to prevent explosions, is a cause of a fire or explosion in that property that causes bodily harm to another person or damage to property is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. Non-compliance with prevention laws (2) Where a person is charged with an offence under subsection (1), the fact that the person has failed to comply with any law respecting the prevention or control of fires or explosions in the property is a fact from which a marked departure from the standard of care referred to in that subsection may be inferred by the court. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 436; 1990, c. 15, s. 1 2019, c. 25, s. 164
Criminal Code — C-46 436.1
Possession of incendiary material 436.1 Every person who possesses any incendiary material, incendiary device or explosive substance for the purpose of committing an offence under any of sections 433 to 436 is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. 1990, c. 15, s. 1 2019, c. 25, s. 165
Criminal Code — C-46 437
False alarm of fire 437 Every one who wilfully, without reasonable cause, by outcry, ringing bells, using a fire alarm, telephone or telegraph, or in any other manner, makes or circulates or causes to be made or circulated an alarm of fire is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and is liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. R.S., c. C-34, s. 393; 1972, c. 13, s. 31
Criminal Code — C-46 438
Interfering with saving of wrecked vessel 438 (1) Every person is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years or is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction who intentionally prevents or impedes, or who intentionally endeavours to prevent or impede, (a) the saving of a vessel that is wrecked, stranded, abandoned or in distress, or (b) a person who attempts to save a vessel that is wrecked, stranded, abandoned or in distress. Interfering with saving of wreck (2) Every one who wilfully prevents or impedes or wilfully endeavours to prevent or impede the saving of wreck is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 438 2019, c. 25, s. 166
Criminal Code — C-46 439
Interfering with marine signal, etc. 439 (1) Every one who makes fast a vessel or boat to a signal, buoy or other sea-mark that is used for purposes of navigation is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. Idem (2) Every person who intentionally alters, removes or conceals a signal, buoy or other sea-mark that is used for purposes of navigation is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 439 2019, c. 25, s. 167
Criminal Code — C-46 440
Removing natural bar without permission 440 Every person who knowingly and without the written permission of the Minister of Transport removes any stone, wood, earth or other material that forms a natural bar necessary to the existence of a public harbour, or that forms a natural protection to such a bar, is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 440 2019, c. 25, s. 168
Criminal Code — C-46 441
Occupant injuring building 441 Every person who, intentionally and to the prejudice of a mortgagee, a hypothecary creditor or an owner, pulls down, demolishes or removes all or any part of a dwelling-house or other building of which they are in possession or occupation, or severs from the freehold any fixture fixed to it or from the immovable property any movable property permanently attached or joined to the immovable property, is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 441 2019, c. 25, s. 168
Criminal Code — C-46 442
Interfering with boundary lines 442 Every one who wilfully pulls down, defaces, alters or removes anything planted or set up as the boundary line or part of the boundary line of land is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction. R.S., c. C-34, s. 398
Criminal Code — C-46 443
Interfering with international boundary marks, etc. 443 (1) Every person is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years or is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction who intentionally pulls down, defaces, alters or removes (a) a boundary mark lawfully placed to mark any international, provincial, county or municipal boundary, or (b) a boundary mark lawfully placed by a land surveyor to mark any limit, boundary or angle of a concession, range, lot or parcel of land. Saving provision (2) A land surveyor does not commit an offence under subsection (1) where, in his operations as a land surveyor, (a) he takes up, when necessary, a boundary mark mentioned in paragraph (1)(b) and carefully replaces it as it was before he took it up; or (b) he takes up a boundary mark mentioned in paragraph (1)(b) in the course of surveying for a highway or other work that, when completed, will make it impossible or impracticable for that boundary mark to occupy its original position, and he establishes a permanent record of the original position sufficient to permit that position to be ascertained. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 443 2019, c. 25, s. 169
Criminal Code — C-46 445
Injuring or endangering other animals 445 (1) Every one commits an offence who, wilfully and without lawful excuse, (a) kills, maims, wounds, poisons or injures dogs, birds or animals that are kept for a lawful purpose; or (b) places poison in such a position that it may easily be consumed by dogs, birds or animals that are kept for a lawful purpose. Punishment (2) Every one who commits an offence under subsection (1) is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction and liable to a fine of not more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years less a day, or to both. R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 445; 2008, c. 12, s. 1; 2018, c. 29, s. 53 2019, c. 25, s. 170
Criminal Code — C-46 445.01
Killing or injuring certain animals 445.01 (1) Every one commits an offence who, wilfully and without lawful excuse, kills, maims, wounds, poisons or injures a law enforcement animal while it is aiding a law enforcement officer in carrying out that officer’s duties, a military animal while it is aiding a member of the Canadian Forces in carrying out that member’s duties or a service animal. Punishment (2) Every one who commits an offence under subsection (1) is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years and, if a law enforcement animal is killed in the commission of the offence, to a minimum punishment of imprisonment for a term of six months; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction and liable to a fine of not more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years less a day, or to both. Sentences to be served consecutively (3) A sentence imposed on a person for an offence under subsection (1) committed against a law enforcement animal shall be served consecutively to any other punishment imposed on the person for an offence arising out of the same event or series of events. Definitions (4) The following definitions apply in this section. law enforcement animal means a dog or horse that is trained to aid a law enforcement officer in carrying out that officer’s duties. ( animal d’assistance policière ) law enforcement officer means a police officer, a police constable or any person referred to in paragraph (b), (c.1), (d), (d.1), (e) or (g) of the definition peace officer in section 2. ( agent de contrôle d’application de la loi ) military animal means an animal that is trained to aid a member of the Canadian Forces in carrying out that member’s duties. ( animal d’assistance militaire ) service animal means an animal that is required by a person with a disability for assistance and is certified, in writing, as having been trained by a professional service animal institution to assist a person with a disability. ( animal d’assistance ) 2015, c. 34, s. 3 2019, c. 25, s. 171
Criminal Code — C-46
law enforcement animal means a dog or horse that is trained to aid a law enforcement officer in carrying out that officer’s duties. ( animal d’assistance policière )
Criminal Code — C-46
law enforcement officer means a police officer, a police constable or any person referred to in paragraph (b), (c.1), (d), (d.1), (e) or (g) of the definition peace officer in section 2. ( agent de contrôle d’application de la loi )
Criminal Code — C-46
military animal means an animal that is trained to aid a member of the Canadian Forces in carrying out that member’s duties. ( animal d’assistance militaire )
Criminal Code — C-46
service animal means an animal that is required by a person with a disability for assistance and is certified, in writing, as having been trained by a professional service animal institution to assist a person with a disability. ( animal d’assistance )
Criminal Code — C-46 445.1
Causing unnecessary suffering 445.1 (1) Every one commits an offence who (a) wilfully causes or, being the owner, wilfully permits to be caused unnecessary pain, suffering or injury to an animal or a bird; (b) in any manner encourages, aids, promotes, arranges, assists at, receives money for or takes part in (i) the fighting or baiting of animals or birds, or (ii) the training, transporting or breeding of animals or birds for the purposes of subparagraph (i); (c) wilfully, without reasonable excuse, administers a poisonous or an injurious drug or substance to a domestic animal or bird or an animal or a bird wild by nature that is kept in captivity or, being the owner of such an animal or a bird, wilfully permits a poisonous or an injurious drug or substance to be administered to it; (d) promotes, arranges, conducts, assists in, receives money for or takes part in any meeting, competition, exhibition, pastime, practice, display or event at or in the course of which captive birds are liberated by hand, trap, contrivance or any other means for the purpose of being shot when they are liberated; or (e) being the owner, occupier or person in charge of any premises, permits the premises or any part thereof to be used for a purpose mentioned in paragraph (d). Punishment (2) Every one who commits an offence under subsection (1) is guilty of (a) an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than five years; or (b) an offence punishable on summary conviction and liable to a fine of not more than $10,000 or to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years less a day, or to both. Failure to exercise reasonable care as evidence (3) For the purposes of proceedings under paragraph (1)(a), evidence that a person failed to exercise reasonable care or supervision of an animal or a bird thereby causing it pain, suffering or injury is, in the absence of any evidence to the contrary, proof that the pain, suffering or injury was caused or was permitted to be caused wilfully, as the case may be. Presence at baiting as evidence (4) For the purpose of proceedings under paragraph (1)(b), evidence that an accused was present at the fighting or baiting of animals or birds is, in the absence of any evidence to the contrary, proof that he or she encouraged, aided or assisted at the fighting or baiting. 2008, c. 12, s. 1 2019, c. 17, s. 2 2019, c. 25, s. 172
Criminal Code — C-46 445.2
Definition of cetacean 445.2 (1) In this section, cetacean includes any member of the cetacean order, including a whale, dolphin or porpoise. Offence (2) Subject to subsections (2.1) to (3.1), every person commits an offence who (a) owns, has the custody of or controls a cetacean that is kept in captivity; (b) breeds or impregnates a cetacean; or (c) possesses or seeks to obtain reproductive materials of cetaceans, including sperm or an embryo. Exception — gestation (2.1) If a cetacean is gestating on the day on which this subsection comes into force, paragraphs (2)(b) and (c) do not apply in respect of that cetacean for the period in which it gestates that includes the day on which this subsection comes into force. Exception — offspring (2.2) Paragraph (2)(a) does not apply to the offspring of a cetacean if that offspring was born immediately after a gestational period that included the day on which this subsection came into force. Exception (3) Paragraph (2)(a) does not apply to a person who (a) owns, has the custody of or controls a cetacean that is kept in captivity at the coming into force of this section and remains continuously in captivity thereafter; (b) has the custody of or controls a cetacean that is kept in captivity for the purpose of providing it with assistance or care or to rehabilitate it following an injury or another state of distress; or (c) is authorized to keep a cetacean in captivity in the best interests of the cetacean’s welfare pursuant to a licence issued by the Lieutenant Governor in Council of a province or by such other person or authority in the province as may be specified by the Lieutenant Governor in Council. Exception (3.1) Subsection (2) does not apply to a person who is conducting scientific research pursuant to a licence issued by the Lieutenant Governor in Council of a province or by such other person or authority in the province as may be specified by the Lieutenant Governor in Council. Exception — authorization (4) Every person commits an offence who promotes, arranges, conducts, assists in, receives money for or takes part in any meeting, competition, exhibition, pastime, practice, display or event at or in the course of which captive cetaceans are used, in Canada, for performance for entertainment purposes, unless the performance is authorized under a licence issued by the Lieutenant Governor in Council of a province or by an authority in the province as may be specified by the Lieutenant Governor in Council. Punishment (5) Every one who commits an offence under subsection (2) or (4) is guilty of an offence punishable on summary conviction and liable to a fine not exceeding $200,000. 2019, c. 11, s. 2 2019, c. 14, s. 58.3