GreatNorthCollective/greatnorth-canada-federal-laws-text huggingface dataset:
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 702.96
702.96 (1) An air operator shall provide each flight crew member with the following time free from duty: (a) at least 24 consecutive hours 13 times within any 90 consecutive days and 3 times within any 30 consecutive days; and (b) when the member is a flight crew member on call, at least 36 consecutive hours within any 7 consecutive days or at least 3 consecutive days within any 17 consecutive days. (2) However, an air operator may provide a flight crew member with time free from duty other than as required by paragraph (1)(a) if (a) the time free from duty is authorized in the air operator certificate; and (b) the air operator and the member comply with the Commercial Air Service Standards . (3) An air operator shall notify a flight crew member on call of the start and duration of the member’s time free from duty. SOR/2018-269, s. 14
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 702.97
702.97 If a flight crew member is required by an air operator to travel for the purpose of positioning after the completion of a flight duty period, the air operator shall provide the member with an additional rest period that is at least equal to one-half the time spent travelling that is in excess of the member’s maximum flight duty period. SOR/2018-269, s. 14
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 702.98
702.98 (1) A flight duty period during which there is one flight or a series of flights and that ends more than four one-hour time zones from the point of departure, other than a series of flights that is conducted entirely within Northern Domestic Airspace, shall be limited to three flights, in the case of a series of fights, and shall be followed by a rest period that is at least equal to the length of the flight duty period. (2) If a flight referred to in subsection (1) is a transoceanic flight, the maximum number of flights that may be conducted after the transoceanic flight is one, excluding one unscheduled technical stop that occurs during the flight. SOR/2018-269, s. 14
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.01
703.01 This Subpart applies in respect of the operation by a Canadian air operator, in an air transport service or in aerial work involving sightseeing operations, of any of the following aircraft: (a) a single-engined aircraft; (b) a multi-engined aircraft, other than a turbo-jet-powered aeroplane, that has a MCTOW of 8 618 kg (19,000 pounds) or less and a seating configuration, excluding pilot seats, of nine or less; (b.1) a multi-engined helicopter certified for operation by one pilot and operated under VFR; and (c) any aircraft that is authorized by the Minister to be operated under this Subpart. SOR/2005-193, s. 1
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.02
703.02 No air operator shall operate an aircraft under this Subpart unless the air operator complies with the conditions and operations specifications in an air operator certificate issued to that operator by the Minister pursuant to section 703.07.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.07
703.07 (1) Subject to section 6.71 of the Act, the Minister shall, on receipt of an application submitted in the form and manner required by the Commercial Air Service Standards , issue or amend an air operator certificate where the applicant demonstrates to the Minister the ability to (a) maintain an adequate organizational structure; (b) maintain an operational control system; (c) meet training program requirements; (d) comply with maintenance requirements; (e) meet the Commercial Air Service Standards for the operation; and (f) conduct the operation safely. (2) For the purposes of subsection (1), an applicant shall have (a) a management organization capable of exercising operational control; (b) managerial personnel who have been approved by the Minister in accordance with the Commercial Air Service Standards , are employed on a full-time basis and perform the functions related to the following positions, namely, (i) operations manager, (ii) chief pilot, and (iii) where the applicant does not hold an approved maintenance organization (AMO) certificate, maintenance manager; (c) operational support services and equipment that meet the Commercial Air Service Standards ; (d) aircraft that are properly equipped for and flight crew members who are qualified for the area of operation and the type of operation; (e) an operational control system that meets the requirements of section 703.16; (f) a training program that meets the requirements of this Subpart; (g) legal custody and control of at least one aircraft of each category of aircraft that is to be operated; (h) a company operations manual that meets the requirements of sections 703.104 and 703.105; and (i) a maintenance control system approved pursuant to Subpart 6.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.08
703.08 An air operator certificate shall contain (a) the legal name, trade name and address of the air operator; (b) the number of the air operator certificate; (c) the effective date of certification; (d) the date of issue of the certificate; (e) the general conditions identified in section 703.09; (f) specific conditions with respect to (i) the areas of operation authorized, (ii) the types of service authorized, (iii) the types of aircraft authorized and, if applicable, their registration, and any operational restrictions, and (iv) the main base, scheduled points and, if applicable, sub-bases; and (g) where the air operator complies with the Commercial Air Service Standards , operations specifications with respect to (i) aircraft performance, equipment and emergency equipment requirements, (ii) instrument approach procedures, (iii) enroute aerodrome authorizations and limitations, (iv) special weather minima authorizations, (v) authorizations concerning flight crew member complement, (vi) pilot training and pilot proficiency checks, (vii) special helicopter procedures, (viii) the air operator maintenance control system approved pursuant to Subpart 6, (ix) leasing arrangements, (ix.1) navigation system authorizations, and (x) any other condition pertaining to the operation that the Minister deems necessary for aviation safety. SOR/2009-152, s. 7 SOR/2019-119, s. 38 SOR/2021-152, s. 9(F) SOR/2022-246, s. 24(F)
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.09
703.09 An air operator certificate shall contain the following general conditions: (a) the air operator shall conduct flight operations in accordance with its company operations manual; (b) the air operator shall maintain an adequate organizational structure; (c) the air operator shall employ managerial personnel who meet the Commercial Air Service Standards ; (d) the air operator shall conduct training in accordance with its training program approved pursuant to this Subpart; (e) the air operator shall maintain aircraft that are properly equipped for the area of operation and the type of operation; (f) the air operator shall employ crew members who are qualified for the area of operation and the type of operation; (g) the air operator shall maintain its aircraft in accordance with the requirements of Subpart 6; (h) the air operator shall maintain operational support services and equipment that meet the Commercial Air Service Standards ; (i) the air operator shall notify the Minister within 10 working days after (i) changing its legal name, its trade name, its main base, a sub-base, a scheduled point, or its managerial personnel, or (ii) ceasing to operate a type of aircraft authorized under this Subpart; and (j) the air operator shall conduct a safe operation. SOR/2009-152, s. 8 SOR/2022-246, s. 25(F)
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.14
703.14 (1) An air operator shall ensure that all operations personnel are properly instructed about their duties and about the relationship of their duties to the operation as a whole. (2) The operations personnel of an air operator shall follow the procedures specified in the air operator’s company operations manual in the performance of their duties.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.15
703.15 (1) Subject to subsection (2), every air operator that operates a scheduled air service for the purpose of transporting persons shall operate the service between airports or heliports or between an airport or heliport and a military aerodrome. (2) An air operator may operate a scheduled air service for the purpose of transporting persons between an airport and an aerodrome other than a military aerodrome or between two aerodromes if the air operator is authorized to do so in its air operator certificate. SOR/2007-87, s. 14
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.16
703.16 No air operator shall operate an aircraft unless the air operator has an operational control system that meets the Commercial Air Service Standards and is under the control of its operations manager.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.17
703.17 No person shall commence a flight unless the flight has been authorized in accordance with the procedures specified in the air operator’s company operations manual.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.18
703.18 (1) No air operator shall permit a person to commence a flight unless an operational flight plan that meets the Commercial Air Service Standards has been prepared in accordance with the procedures specified in the air operator’s company operations manual. (2) The pilot-in-command of an aircraft shall ensure that a copy of the operational flight plan is left at a point of departure, in accordance with the procedures specified in the company operations manual. (3) An air operator shall retain a copy of the operational flight plan, including any amendments to that plan, for at least 180 days after the day on which the flight is completed. SOR/2025-26, s. 30
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.19
703.19 No air operator shall permit a person to conduct a take-off in an aircraft that has not been maintained in accordance with the air operator’s maintenance control system.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.20
703.20 No air operator shall authorize a flight and no person shall commence a flight unless the aircraft carries sufficient fuel to meet the fuel requirements of Part VI and to allow the aircraft (a) in the case of an aeroplane operated in IFR flight, (i) to descend at any point along the route to the lower of (A) the single-engined service ceiling, or (B) 10,000 feet, (ii) to cruise at the altitude referred to in subparagraph (i) to a suitable aerodrome, (iii) to conduct an approach and a missed approach, and (iv) to hold for 30 minutes at an altitude of 1,500 feet above the elevation of the aerodrome selected in accordance with subparagraph (ii); and (b) in the case of a helicopter operated in night VFR flight, to fly to the destination aerodrome and then to fly for 30 minutes at normal cruising speed.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.21
703.21 (1) Where a Department of Transport air carrier inspector presents an official identity card to the pilot-in-command of an aircraft, the pilot-in-command shall give the inspector free and uninterrupted access to the pilot’s compartment of the aircraft. (2) An air operator and the pilot-in-command shall make available for the use of the air carrier inspector the seat most suitable to perform the inspector’s duties, as determined by the inspector.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.22
703.22 (1) Subject to subsection (2), no air operator shall operate a single-engined aircraft with passengers on board in IFR flight or in night VFR flight. (2) An air operator may operate a single-engined aircraft with passengers on board in IFR flight or in night VFR flight if the air operator (a) is authorized to do so in its air operator certificate; and (b) complies with the Commercial Air Service Standards .
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.23
703.23 No air operator shall, except when conducting a take-off or landing, operate a land aircraft over water, beyond a point where the land aircraft could reach shore in the event of an engine failure, unless the air operator (a) is authorized to do so in its air operator certificate; and (b) complies with the Commercial Air Service Standards .
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.24
703.24 No air operator shall operate a single-engined aircraft with more than nine passengers on board unless (a) the aircraft is a transport category helicopter; (b) the air operator is authorized to do so in its air operator certificate; and (c) the air operator complies with the Commercial Air Service Standards .
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.25
703.25 Except where carriage of an external load has been authorized in a type certificate or supplemental type certificate, no air operator shall operate an aircraft to carry an external load with passengers on board.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.26
703.26 No person shall, if passengers or cargo are on board an aircraft, simulate emergency situations that could affect the flight characteristics of the aircraft. SOR/2020-151, s. 16
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.27
703.27 Except when conducting a take-off or landing, no person shall operate an aircraft in VFR flight (a) at night, at less than 1,000 feet above the highest obstacle located within a horizontal distance of three miles from the route to be flown; or (b) where the aircraft is an aeroplane, during the day, at less than 300 feet AGL or at a horizontal distance of less than 300 feet from any obstacle.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.28
703.28 (1) Where an aeroplane is operated in day VFR flight within uncontrolled airspace at less than 1,000 feet AGL, a person may, for the purposes of subparagraph 602.115(c)(i), operate the aeroplane when flight visibility is less than two miles if the person (a) is authorized to do so in an air operator certificate; and (b) complies with the Commercial Air Service Standards . (2) Where a helicopter is operated in day VFR flight within uncontrolled airspace at less than 1,000 feet AGL, a person may, for the purposes of subparagraph 602.115(d)(i), operate the helicopter when flight visibility is less than one mile if the person (a) is authorized to do so in an air operator certificate; and (b) complies with the Commercial Air Service Standards .
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.29
703.29 No person shall commence a VFR flight unless current weather reports and forecasts, if obtainable, indicate that the weather conditions along the route to be flown and at the destination aerodrome will be such that the flight can be conducted in compliance with VFR.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.30
703.30 (1) Subject to subsection (2), no person shall conduct a take-off in an aircraft in IMC where weather conditions are at or above the take-off minima, but below the landing minima, for the runway to be used unless (a) the take-off is authorized in an air operator certificate; and (b) the person complies with the Commercial Air Service Standards . (2) A person may conduct a take-off in an aircraft in IMC where weather conditions are at or above the take-off minima, but below the landing minima, for the runway to be used, if the weather conditions are at or above the landing minima for another suitable runway at that aerodrome. (3) For the purposes of section 602.126, a person may conduct a take-off in an aircraft in IMC where weather conditions are below the take-off minima specified in the instrument approach procedure, if the person (a) is authorized to do so in an air operator certificate; and (b) complies with the Commercial Air Service Standards . (4) For the purposes of this section, the landing minima are the decision height or the minimum descent altitude and the visibility published for an approach.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.31
703.31 For the purposes of section 602.122, a person may conduct an IFR flight where an alternate aerodrome has not been designated in the IFR flight plan or in the IFR flight itinerary, if the person (a) is authorized to do so in an air operator certificate; and (b) complies with the Commercial Air Service Standards .
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.32
703.32 No person shall operate a multi-engined aircraft with passengers on board in IFR flight or in night VFR flight if the weight of the aircraft is greater than the weight that will allow the aircraft to maintain, with any engine inoperative, the MOCA of the route to be flown.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.33
703.33 No person shall operate an aircraft in VFR OTT flight unless the person (a) is authorized to do so in an air operator certificate; and (b) complies with the Commercial Air Service Standards .
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.34
703.34 No person shall, in uncontrolled airspace, conduct an IFR flight or a night VFR flight on a route other than an air route unless the air operator establishes the route in accordance with the Commercial Air Service Standards .
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.36
703.36 For the purposes of sections 602.13 and 602.15, a person may conduct a take-off, approach or landing in a helicopter within a built-up area of a city or town, or operate a helicopter at altitudes and distances less than those specified in subsection 602.14(2), if the person (a) has an authorization from the Minister or is authorized to do so in an air operator certificate; and (b) complies with the Commercial Air Service Standards .
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.37
703.37 (1) No person shall operate an aircraft unless, during every phase of the flight, the load restrictions, weight and centre of gravity of the aircraft conform to the limitations specified in the aircraft flight manual. (2) An air operator shall have a weight and balance system that meets the Commercial Air Service Standards . (3) An air operator shall specify in its company operations manual its weight and balance system and instructions to employees regarding the preparation and accuracy of weight and balance forms.
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.38
703.38 (1) An air operator shall establish procedures to ensure that (a) passengers move to and from the aircraft and embark and disembark safely, in accordance with procedures that meet the requirements of (i) section 723.38 of Standard 723 — Air Taxi — Aeroplanes of the Commercial Air Service Standards , in the case of an aeroplane, or (ii) section 723.38 of Standard 723 — Air Taxi — Helicopters of the Commercial Air Service Standards , in the case of a helicopter; (b) all passengers are seated and secured in accordance with subsection 605.26(1); and (c) seats located at emergency exits are not occupied by passengers whose presence in those seats could adversely affect the safety of passengers or crew members during an emergency evacuation. (2) No air operator shall permit an aircraft with passengers on board to be fuelled unless the fuelling is carried out in accordance with procedures that meet the requirements of (a) section 723.38 of Standard 723 — Air Taxi — Aeroplanes of the Commercial Air Service Standards , in the case of an aeroplane; or (b) section 723.38 of Standard 723 — Air Taxi — Helicopters of the Commercial Air Service Standards , in the case of a helicopter. (3) [Repealed, SOR/2019-296, s. 8] SOR/2019-296, s. 8 SOR/2025-26, s. 31
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.39
703.39 (1) The pilot-in-command shall ensure that passengers are given a safety briefing in accordance with the Commercial Air Service Standards . (2) If the safety briefing referred to in subsection (1) is insufficient for a passenger because of that passenger’s physical, sensory or comprehension limitations, seat orientation or responsibility for another person on board the aircraft, the pilot-in-command shall ensure that the passenger is given an individual safety briefing that (a) is appropriate to the passenger’s needs; and (b) meets the Commercial Air Service Standards . (3) An air operator shall ensure that each passenger is provided, at the passenger’s seat or by means of clearly visible placards, with the safety information required by the Commercial Air Service Standards . (4) The pilot-in-command shall ensure that, in the event of an emergency and where time and circumstances permit, all passengers are given an emergency briefing in accordance with the Commercial Air Service Standards . (5) The pilot-in-command shall ensure that each passenger who is seated next to an emergency exit is made aware of how to operate that exit. SOR/2009-152, s. 9
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.40
703.40 No person shall terminate an instrument approach with a landing unless, immediately before landing, the pilot-in-command ascertains, by means of radiocommunication or visual inspection, (a) the condition of the runway or surface of intended landing; and (b) the wind direction and speed. SOR/2006-199, s. 17
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.41
o in its air operator certificate; (b) the aeroplane has a minimum flight crew composed of a pilot-in-command and a second-in-command; (c) the aeroplane is equipped with (i) a flight director and autopilot capable of conducting a coupled precision approach to 200 feet AGL or lower, or (ii) if the flight crew uses pilot-monitored-approach procedures, a flight director capable of conducting a precision approach to 200 feet AGL or lower; (d) the runway is equipped with serviceable high-intensity approach lighting, high-intensity runway centreline lighting and high-intensity runway edge lighting; and (e) a visibility report indicates that (i) the visibility is equal to or greater than that set out in subsection (1), (ii) the RVR is varying between distances less than and greater than the minimum RVR set out in subsection (1), or (iii) the visibility is less than the minimum visibility set out in subsection (1) and, at the time the visibility report is received, the aeroplane has passed the FAF inbound or, where there is no FAF, the point where the final approach course is intercepted. TABLE Approach Bans — Visibility Column I Column II Canada Air Pilot Advisory Visibility Visibility Report Item Statute miles RVR in feet Statute miles Feet 1 1/2 2 600 1/4 1 200 2 3/4 4 000 3/8 2 000 3 1 5 000 1/2 2 600 4 1 1/4 5/8 3 400 5 1 1/2 3/4 4 000 6 1 3/4 1 5 000 7 2 1 5 000 8 2 1/4 1 1/4 6 000 9 2 1/2 1 1/4 greater than 6 000 10 2 3/4 1 1/2 greater than 6 000 11 3 1 1/2 greater than 6 000 SOR/2006-199, s. 17
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.42
703.42 When icing conditions are reported to exist or are forecast to be encountered along the route of flight, no person shall authorize a flight or its continuation or conduct a take-off or continue a flight in an aircraft, even if the pilot-in-command determines that the aircraft is adequately equipped to operate in icing conditions in accordance with paragraph 605.30(a), if, in the opinion of the pilot-in-command, the safety of the flight might be adversely affected. SOR/2009-152, s. 10
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.64
703.64 (1) No person shall operate a multi-engined aircraft with passengers on board in IMC unless the aircraft is equipped with (a) a power failure warning device or vacuum indicator to show the power available for gyroscopic instruments from each power source; (b) an alternate source of static pressure for the altimeter and the airspeed and vertical speed indicators; (c) two generators, each of which is driven by a separate engine or by a rotor drive train; and (d) two independent sources of energy, at least one of which is an engine-driven pump or generator, and each of which is able to drive all gyroscopic instruments and is installed so that the failure of one instrument or one source of energy will affect neither the energy supply to the remaining instruments nor the other source of energy. (2) No person shall operate an aircraft at night unless the aircraft is equipped with (a) at least one landing light; and (b) if the aircraft is operated in icing conditions, a means of illumination or other means to detect the formation of ice. SOR/2009-152, s. 12
Canadian Aviation Regulations — 703.65
703.65 No person shall operate an aircraft with passengers on board in IMC when current weather reports or forecasts indicate that thunderstorms may reasonably be expected along the route to be flown, unless the aircraft is equipped with thunderstorm detection equipment or weather radar equipment.