Geraldine/hal_univcotedazur_shs_articles_2013-2023 huggingface dataset:
Mapping French People’s Views Regarding Sexual Assistance to People with Physical Disabilities
Auteurs : Michelle Girard,María Teresa Muñoz Sastre,Etienne Mullet
Revue : Sexuality and Disability
Éditeur : Springer Verlag
Année : 2019

The study mapped French lay people’s positions regarding sexual assistance to people with physical disability. A sample of 238 adults living in the south of France\, aged 18–67 years\, was presented with a set of 30 vignettes that depicted a situation in which a minor who\, as a result of an accident was quadriplegic\, expressed his/her sexual needs to a nurse who arranged an encounter with an assistant at the hospital. The scenarios in the vignettes were created by orthogonally combining the levels of three factors: Patient’ gender × Assistant’s identity (same gender nurse\, opposite gender nurse\, opposite gender nurse who has been trained in sexual assistance\, prostitute\, or former boyfriend/girlfriend) × Parent’s attitude (agree with the procedure\, agree with the procedure and financially compensate the assistant\, disagree with the procedure). Through cluster analysis\, five qualitatively different positions were found: (a) never very acceptable (21% of the sample)\, (b) depends on the assistant’s identity (13%)\, (c) non-remunerated assistance (14%)\, (d) parents’ agreement (8%)\, and (e) always quite acceptable (28%). Seventeen percent of the participants were undetermined. Religious involvement had a strong effect. The quite always acceptable position was above found among male atheists\, and the never acceptable position was above all found among participants who were either regular attendees to religious celebrations or members of the less educated segment of society. Regular attendees with tertiary education tended to be undetermined.
A Lacanian Perspective on Wandering and the Drives in Alzheimer's Disease
Auteurs : Sophie Meiran,Frédéric Vinot
Revue : L'Évolution Psychiatrique
Éditeur : Elsevier
Année : 2023

Aims This article addresses the issue of wandering in Alzheimer's disease from a psychoanalytic point of view\, taking into account the importance of the spatial dimension in psychic dynamics. Method After having presented wandering from a behavioral point of view\, it is discussed from a metapsychological perspective\, making use of A. & G. Haddad's concept of the “viatoric drive” and as well as J. Lacan's reflections on “the wandering of the journey” and “the wandering of desire.” The clinical vignette of Mr. M. in a workshop of therapeutic mediation through art helps us illustrate the unconscious psychic movements at play in walking. Results Three subjective markers emerge: wandering reveals the subject's difficult in orienting himself in both physical and psychological space\, demonstrating a form of excitation that is not supported by the viatoric drive; “the wandering of the journey” makes it possible to relocate the place of the Other in the Imaginary; “the wandering of desire” incites the subject to repetition through the play of the drives. Discussion Neurodegenerative disease is an obstacle to wandering. Art-therapy workshops can help Alzheimer's patients with the reorganization of wandering\, where unconscious knowledge would prevail over the excitation of ambulation\, thus suggesting\, for the subject\, the possibility of a structuring “elsewhere.” Conclusion Thinking of mediated workshops as places of creation for the subject opens up the possibility of inhabiting one's wandering\, considered as expressions of a journey and of desire.
Comparison of the Screening Practices of Unaffected Noncarriers under 40 and between 40 and 49 in BRCA1/2 Families
Auteurs : Christelle Duprez,Veronique Christophe,Isabelle Milhabet,Aurélie Krzeminski,Claude Adenis,Pascaline Berthet,Jean-Philippe Peyrat,Philippe Vennin
Revue : Journal of Genetic Counseling
Année : 2013

This study aimed to 1) compare the cancer screening practices of unaffected noncarrier women under 40 and those aged 40 to 49\, following the age-based medical screening guidelines\, and 2) consider the way the patients justified their practices of screening or over-screening. For this study\, 131 unaffected noncarriers—77 women under age 40 and 54 between 40 and 49\, all belonging to a BRCA1/2 family—responded to a questionnaire on breast or ovarian cancer screenings they had undergone since receiving their negative genetic test results\, their motives for seeking these screenings\, and their intentions to pursue these screenings in the future. Unaffected noncarriers under age 40 admitted practices that could be qualified as over-screening. Apart from mammogram and breast ultrasounds\, which the women under 40 reported seeking less often\, these women’s screening practices were comparable to those of women between 40 and 49. Cancer prevention and a family history of cancer were the two most frequently cited justifications for pursuing these screenings. We suggest that health care professionals discuss with women under 50 the ineffectiveness of breast and ovarian cancer screenings so that they will adapt their practices to conform to medical guidelines and limit their exposure to the potentially negative impacts of early cancer screening.
The earliest unambiguous Neanderthal engravings on cave walls: La Roche-Cotard\, Loire Valley\, France
Auteurs : Jean-Claude Marquet,Trine Holm Freiesleben,Kristina Jørkov Thomsen,Andrew Sean Murray,Morgane Calligaro,Jean-Jacques Macaire,Eric Robert,Michel Lorblanchet,Thierry Aubry,Grégory Bayle,Jean-Gabriel Bréhéret,Hubert Camus,Pascal Chareille,Yves Egels,Émilie Guillaud,Guillaume Guérin,Pascale Gautret,Morgane Liard,Magen O’farrell,Jean-Baptiste Peyrouse,Edit Thamó-Bozsó,Pascal Verdin,Dorota Wojtczak,Christine Oberlin,Jacques Jaubert
Revue : PLoS ONE
Éditeur : Public Library of Science
Année : 2023

Here we report on Neanderthal engravings on a cave wall at La Roche-Cotard (LRC) in central France\, made more than 57±3 thousand years ago. Following human occupation\, the cave was completely sealed by cold-period sediments\, which prevented access until its discovery in the 19 th century and first excavation in the early 20 th century. The timing of the closure of the cave is based on 50 optically stimulated luminescence ages derived from sediment collected inside and from around the cave. The anthropogenic origin of the spatially-structured\, non-figurative marks found within the cave is confirmed using taphonomic\, traceological and experimental evidence. Cave closure occurred significantly before the regional arrival of H . sapiens \, and all artefacts from within the cave are typical Mousterian lithics; in Western Europe these are uniquely attributed to H . neanderthalensis . We conclude that the LRC engravings are unambiguous examples of Neanderthal abstract design.
Mapping foreign nationals in Spain: an exploratory approach at local level
Auteurs : Sébastien Oliveau,Quentin Larue,Yoann Doignon,Isabelle Blöss-Widmer
Revue : Genus: Journal of Population Sciences
Éditeur : Springer/ Sapienza University of Rome
Année : 2019

Spain\, which has long been a country of emigration\, has become\, within a few years\, one of the European countries which welcomes the most foreign nationals onto its territory. These foreign nationals constitute a boon from a demographic point of view\, limiting the depopulation of the territory induced by its accelerated ageing. Nevertheless\, the establishment of foreign nationals is not a phenomenon that is equally distributed over the area. Indeed\, foreign nationals are not equally located over Spanish territory. The spatial inequalities in their distribution merit specific attention\, especially as they show significant differences according to countries of origin. Relying on data from municipal population registers (Padrón)\, this article offers a fine-scale\, detailed exploration of the distribution of foreign nationals in Spain\, to highlight the logic of differentiated occupation of Spanish space. The results show that certain nationalities occupy the territories without much sharing (Romanians and Bulgarians in rural areas for example)\, while others cohabit with different nationalities (Germans and English in recreational areas). Finally\, certain nationalities (Moroccans in particular) are present in very specific locations\, where there is an alternation of shared territories and exclusive occupation.
Ever closer to the water. Recent developments in Mediterranean settlement patterns
Auteurs : Sébastien Oliveau,Yoann Doignon
Revue : South-East European Journal of Political Science
Année : 2014

Since 1950\, the density of the population has increased in all Mediterranean countries\, especially in countries on the southern shore\, where it has multiplied more than six-fold in 60 years. The Mediterranean is becoming dense\, but the spatial distribution of people remains very heterogeneous. The general model is a decreasing gradient from the coast to the hinterland. However\, we should qualify this observation with the territories studied. Using fine-scale mapping\, we propose the regionalisation of the population densities in the Mediterranean. This map highlights the former structuring role of port cities and the differing role of mountains in the immediate hinterland. Recent changes observed emphasise the coastal development of populations and urbanisation. Influenced by tourism\, especially\, but also migration\, the Mediterranean population has been profoundly remodelled. These changes raise the question of the sustainability of Mediterranean territories when understood from an ecological perspective.,Depuis 1950\, la densité de population augmente dans tous les pays méditerranéens\, plus particulièrement dans pays de la rive sud où elle a parfois été multipliée par plus de 6 en 60 ans. La Méditerranée se densifie\, mais la distribution spatiale des Hommes reste très hétérogène. Le modèle général est un gradient décroissant du littoral vers l'arrière-pays. Il faut cependant nuancer ce constat selon les territoires étudiés. A l'aide d'une cartographie à une échelle fine\, nous proposons une régionalisation des densités de population en Méditerranée. Cette cartographie met en avant le rôle ancien et structurant des villes portuaires\, et le rôle différencié des massifs montagneux de l'immédiat arrière-pays. Les changements récents observés mettent l'accent sur la littoralisation des populations et leur urbanisation. Sous l'effet du développement touristique\, notamment\, mais aussi des migrations\, le peuplement méditerranéen a été profondément remodelé. Ces changements soulèvent la question de la durabilité des territoires méditerranéens\, appréhendée sous l'angle écologique.

Mots-clés : Méditerranée,Urbanisation,Densité
The function of small tools in Europe during the Middle Pleistocene: The case of Marathousa 1 (Megalopolis\, Greece),La fonction des petits outils sur éclat en Europe au Pléistocène moyen : le cas de Marathousa 1 (Megalopolis\, Grèce)
Auteurs : Juliette Guibert-Cardin,Vangelis Tourloukis,Nicholas Thompson,Eleni Panagopoulou,Katerina Harvati,Elisa Nicoud,Sylvie Beyries
Revue : Journal of lithic studies
Éditeur : University of Edinburgh
Année : 2022

Small flake industries are a commonly identified component of Lower Paleolithic archaeological assemblages in Eurasia. Utilized as blanks for tools\, at many sites\, their functions are often poorly understood. Here we present a preliminary traceological analysis of lithics from Marathousa 1 (MAR-1; Megalopolis\, Greece). MAR-1 dates to ca. 400-500 ka BP and is one of the oldest open-air sites in South-Eastern Europe. It has yielded a lithic assemblage made almost exclusively of small-sized flakes found in direct association with diverse megafauna including elephants\, hippo and deer. For this preliminary study\, a total of 223 artifacts were sampled for a taphonomical analysis and 13 for a functional analysis. The lithic artifacts from MAR-1 are exceptionally well-preserved and are only slightly affected by chemical alterations. They are therefore ideal for a techno-morpho-functional analysis. Use-wear traces confirm on-site butchery. Our results also confirm that plants were worked at the site\, whereas technological traces\, rarely observed on lithics from this age\, can also be seen on a number of specimens. Whereas both retouched and unretouched tools contribute significantly to the MAR-1 toolkit\, shapes are varied\, and at this phase of the study do not appear morphologically or technologically standardized. However\, backing (natural or retouched) opposite to a sharp edge can be observed on numerous specimens. When compared to the sparse functional data available on small tools from Lower Paleolithic Europe and the Levant\, small flake tools include a wide variety of techno-functional types. To fully begin to understand this diversity\, lithic toolkits must be considered in relation to the rest of the assemblage and the accompanying contextual data\, including information from technological\, archaeozoological\, and palaeoenvironmental datasets.
4500 years of morphological diversification in Western Europe wild boars (Sus scrofa) and the consequences of the Neolithic transition
Auteurs : Thomas Cucchi,H. Harbers,D. Neaux,Marie Balasse,L. Garbé,D. Fiorillo,H. Bocherens,D. Drucker,Clément Zanolli,R. Cornette,R.M. Arbogast,Stéphanie Bréhard,A. Bridault,L. Gourichon,J. Guilaine,C. Manen,Thomas Perrin,R. Schafberg,A. Tresset,J.D. Vigne,A. Herrel
Revue : Quaternary Science Reviews
Éditeur : Elsevier
Année : 2023

Evolutionary biologists have recently solicited archaeologists to help document and understand the morphological evolution of animals in response to human activities and\, more generally\, to help reconstruct the history and significance of the anthropogenic impact on worldwide ecosystems. Artificial selection associated with domestication is the best-known example of a major anthropogenic morphological evolution preserved in the archaeological record. However\, the impact of the domesti-cation process and dispersal on the morphological evolution of animals has been far less explored. To fill this gap\, we focused on 4500 years of evolution in Western Europe Sus scrofa\, covering the Neolithic transition ‒ a major anthropogenic ecological disturbance involving landscape modification and the translocation of domestic mammals. Using geometric morphometrics on key phenotypic markers preserved in the archaeological record\, associated with isotopic studies\, we explored how\, and in response to which cultural drivers\, the Neolithic niche construction has influenced the morphological evolution of Western European wild boars (Sus scrofa scrofa). The decoupling of size and shape components from bone morphological variation has facilitated the identification of several processes of phenotypic diversification of Sus s. scrofa in response to human behaviour during the Neolithic transition in Western Europe.
Risk and reward: explosive eruptions and obsidian lithic resource at Nabro volcano (Eritrea)
Auteurs : Clive Oppenheimer,Lamya Khalidi,Bernard Gratuze,Nels A Iverson,Christine S Lane,Céline Vidal,Yonatan Sahle,Nick Blegen,Ermias Yohannes,Amy Donovan,Berhe J Goitom,James O.S. Hammond,Edward J. Keall,Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi,Bill Mcintosh,Ulf Buntgen
Revue : Quaternary Science Reviews
Éditeur : Elsevier
Année : 2019

Despite abundant Pleistocene calderas in the East African Rift and Afar\, and the significance of regional tephra horizons for archaeological and paleoenvironmental dating\, the entanglements of volcanoes and their eruptions with human behaviour and paleoecology have received little attention. Here\, we focus on the intertwined human and eruptive history at Nabro\, a caldera-topped volcanic massif close to the Red Sea littoral of Eritrea. Nabro exemplifies the antagonism of opportunities and threats posed by a large silicic volcano\, active at least since the Middle Pleistocene and as recently as 2011. Using argon isotopic measurements\, we establish the first chronology of key eruptive stages of Nabro and neighbouring Mallahle\, revealing a history of explosive and effusive volcanism in the Middle and Late Pleistocene. Past eruptions were an important source of obsidian that was exchanged over long distances across land and sea during the Neolithic. We infer that the availability of high-quality obsidian\, combined with Nabro’s favourable microclimate and proximity to the Red Sea coast\, likely attracted humans to this volcanic landmark since the later Middle Pleistocene. Drawing on observations of the immediate consequences of the 2011 eruption on landscape and local pastoralist communities\, we consider also the impacts of past volcanic cataclysms on human populations. In addition to the threat to life\, explosive eruptions of Nabro circa 130 ka and 62 ka ago would have abruptly curtailed procurement of its obsidian resource. Our findings suggest further attention be paid to evaluating the significance of East African volcanic landscapes\, eruptions and resources for understanding human behaviour in deep antiquity.
Cultural historical activity theory\, double stimulation\, and conflicts of motives in education science: Where have we been? (2012-2021)
Auteurs : Guillaume Isaac,Syvie Barma,Margarida Romero
Revue : Revue internationale du CRIRES : innover dans la tradition de Vygotsky
Éditeur : CRIRES, Université Laval
Année : 2022

Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) can be used both as a theoretical and an analytical framework. It has been used in a wide variety of contexts over a wide variety of research objects in education and other fields requiring a comprehensive understanding of interactions within a system. At a theoretical level\, the relation between double stimulation and instrumental mediation has been studied and understood\, yet the link between double stimulation and conflicts of motives is understudied. How has scientific literature considered this avenue for research over the past ten years? A systematic literature review was conducted\, and thematic analysis was performed in order to identify themes. As of the first quarter of 2021\, scientific literature in education sciences does not yet reflect the interest and potential of this research avenue. Double stimulation and its relation to conflicts of motives are key components to form volitional action in education contexts and is therefore a valuable research object.
Le jeu du robot : analyse d’une activité d’informatique débranchée sous la perspective de la cognition incarnée.,The robot game : analysis of a computational thinking unplugged activity under the perspective of embodied cognition.
Auteurs : Margarida Romero,Marie Duflot,Thierry Viéville
Revue : Review of science, mathematics and ICT education
Éditeur : Laboratory of Didactics of Sciences, Mathematics and ICT, Department of Educational Sciences and Early Childhood Education - University of Patras.
Année : 2019

Les activités d’informatique débranchée se sont popularisées en même temps que l’introduction de l’apprentissage de l’informatique à l’école. Dans cet article nous analysons le potentiel pédagogique d’activités d’informatique débranchée sous la perspective des sciences de l'éducation. Les théories en lien avec la cognition incarnée nous servent de cadre d’analyse d’activités d’informatique débranchée comme le jeu du robot\, où l’une ou l’un des participant·e·s joue par exemple le rôle d’une programmeuse et l’autre d’un objet programmable comme un robot. Ce jeu du robot nous permettra de discuter le potentiel des activités d’informatique débranchée en lien avec les repères dans l’espace\, y compris le besoin de transposition du plan à l’espace\, en tenant compte du potentiel de la cognition incarnée.,Unpluggedcomputing activities became popular at the same time as the introduction of computer science learning at school. In this article we analyze the educational opportunites yielded by computer unplugged activities from the perspective of educational sciences. Theories related to embodied cognition are used here as a framework to analyse unplugged activities such as the robot game\, where a student acts as a programmer and the other as a programmable object\, such as a robot. This robot game allows us to discuss the potential of unplugged computing activities in connection with the learning of orientation in space\, including the transformation from the plane to the three-dimensional space\, taking the embodied cognition potential into account.

Mots-clés : Programmation,Algorithme,Informatique débranchée,Robotique,Cognition incarnée
Why\, What and How to help each Citizen to Understand Artificial Intelligence?
Auteurs : Frédéric Alexandre,Jade Becker,Marie-Hélène Comte,Aurelie Lagarrigue,Romain Liblau,Margarida Romero,Thierry Viéville
Revue : KI - Künstliche Intelligenz
Éditeur : Springer Nature
Année : 2021

A critical understanding of digital technologies is an empowering competence for citizens of all ages. In this paper we introduce an open educational approach of artificial intelligence (AI) for everyone. Through a hybrid and participative MOOC we aim to develop a critical and creative perspective about the way AI is integrated in the different domains of our lives. We have built and now operate a MOOC in AI for all the citizens from 15 years old. The MOOC aims to help understanding AI foundations and applications\, intended for a large public beyond the school domain\, with more than 20000 participants engaged in the MOOC after nine months. This study addresses the pedagogical methods for designing and evaluating the MOOC in AI. Through this study we raise four questions regarding citizen education in AI: Why (i.e.\, to which aim) sharing such citizen formation ? What is the disciplinary knowledge to be shared? What are the competencies to develop ? How can it be shared and evaluated? We finally share learning analytics\, quantitative and qualitative evaluations and explain to which extent educational science research helps enlighten such large scale initiatives. The analysis of the MOOC in AI helps to identify that the main feedback related to AI is “fear”\, because AI is unknown and mysterious to the participants. After developing playful AI simulations\, the AI mechanisms become familiar for the MOOC participants and they can overcome their misconception on AI to develop a more critical point of view. This contribution describes a K-12 AI educational project or initiatives of a considerable impact\, via the formation of teachers and other educators.