Geraldine/hal_univcotedazur_shs_articles_2013-2023 huggingface dataset:
Neglected factors bearing on reaction time in language production
Auteurs : Tobias Scheer,Fabien Mathy
Revue : Cognitive Science
Éditeur : Wiley
Année : 2021

The input to phonological reasoning are alternations\, that is\, variations in the pronunciation of related words\, such as in electri[k]electri[s]-ity. But phonologists cannot agree what counts as a relevant alternation: the issue is highly contentious despite a research record of over 50 years. We believe that the experimental setup presented may contribute to this debate based on a kind of evidence that was not brought to bear to date. Our experiment was thus designed to distinguish between alternations where phonological computation plays no role\, and those where it has contributed to language production. The design manipulates two factors that to date have not been considered in experimental studies of language production: linguistic complexity and alternation specificity. The former is understood as extra processing demands issued by two types of linguistic activity\, morphosyntactic and phonological. Our results show that reaction time latencies are longer when participants are burdened with both morphosyntactic and phonological tasks than when they carry out just a morphosyntactic task\, and they are still shorter in absence of both types of demands. These results allowed us to address alternation specificity\, that is\, the fact that different alternations (within a language or across languages) may be driven by different production routines (an idea that is consensual among linguists but underdeveloped in the psycholinguistic literature). Our study shows that four different alternations in French produce alternation-specific signatures in reaction time latencies. These findings may thus redound to the advantage of psycholinguistic studies by identifying two new factors\, as well as produce results that speak to the linguistic quarrels.
Regional elections in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur\, 20-27 June 2021
Auteurs : Christine Pina,Gilles Ivaldi
Revue : Le Grand Continent
Éditeur : Groupe d’études géopolitiques (GEC) [2017-....]
Année : 2022

The regional elections of 2021 in the PACA/South Region have delivered a result quite similar to the major trends observed at the national level: despite promising polls\, the RN has failed once again to take a region that seemed guaranteed to it. This failure in the PACA\, echoed by the RN’s disappointments in several other major regions that were thought to be within its reach\, shows the limits of the strategy of normalization of the party pursued by Marine Le Pen and deprives her of the great electoral foothold she had hoped for in the perspective of the 2022 presidential election. As in 2015\, the left is to face its very own brand new long march at the regional level towards regaining importance.Absent from the council for six years\, its power in the region has fallen even further in 2021 and finds itself at rock bottom. In the PACA\, as in many other regions\, the regional election has highlighted the organizational weaknesses of LREM and the lack of local presence of the presidential party\, forced to forge an alliance with the classic right\, a crucial keep-in-mind of a very likely (albeit not yet officialized) candidacy of Emmanuel Macron for a second term. On the right\, finally\, the psychodrama that was played out around the constitution of the Muselier list testifies to the difficulties of LR to position itself today in a political space between LREM and the RN. The ability of the Republicans to solve this strategic equation will\, without a doubt\, be one of the keys to the presidential election and\, as far as PACA is concerned\, to the legislative elections.
De la Grande Guerre à la National Recovery Administration (1917-1935) : Les arguments en faveur d'une concurrence régulée dans les États-Unis de l'entre-deux-guerres
Auteurs : Thierry Kirat,Frédéric Marty
Revue : Revue de l'OFCE
Éditeur : Presses de Sciences Po
Année : 2021

L'expérience de l'économie de guerre a renforcé aux États-Unis l'influence d'arguments en faveur d'une concurrence organisée. Étendant les prescriptions du management scientifique des firmes à l'ensemble de l'économie\, cette approche visait leur coordination par des échanges d'informations. Cette dernière était vue à la fois comme une nécessité en termes d'efficacité économique et de réponse aux fluctuations cycliques. Une telle perspective conduisait à réduire drastiquement la portée des règles de concurrence.Cependant\, des propositions faites lors de la crise de 1929 conduisirent à reproduire en temps de paix l'expérience de l'économie de guerre au risque de mener l'économie américaine à une cartellisation sous l'égide de l'État fédéral.Elles furent rejetées par le Président Hoover pourtant défenseur dans les années1920 d'un modèle de concurrence régulée. Ces projets furent paradoxalement repris par le Président Roosevelt dans le cadre du premier New Deal. Cet article traite des arguments qui furent avancés pour s'abstraire des règles de concurrence et explique pourquoi l'administration démocrate décida finalement de revenir à une activation résolue du Sherman Act
The late emerging consensus among American economists on antitrust laws in the 2nd New Deal (1935-1941)
Auteurs : Thierry Kirat,Frédéric Marty
Revue : History of Economic Ideas
Éditeur : Fabrizio Serra editore
Année : 2021

The article presents the late convergence process from American economists that led them to support a strong antitrust enforcement in the Second New Deal despite their long-standing distrust toward this legislation. It presents the path from which institutionalist economists\, on the one side\, and members of the First Chicago School\, on the other one\, have converged on supporting the President F.D. Roosevelt administration towards reinvigorating antitrust law enforcement as of 1938\, putting aside their initial preferences for a regulated competition model or for a classical liberalism. The appointment of Thurman Arnold at the head of the Antitrust Division in 1938 gave the impetus to a vigorous antitrust enforcement. The 1945 Alcoa decision crafted by Judge Hand embodied the results of this convergence: in this perspective\, the purpose of antitrust law enforcement does consist in preventing improper uses of economic power.
L’astrologie saine de Giuseppe Toaldo et les séismes\, clés de la prédiction des changements climatiques ?,Giuseppe Toaldo's astrologia sana and earthquakes: keys to predict climate changes?
Auteurs : Simon Dolet
Revue : Dix-Huitième Siècle
Éditeur : Société Française d'Étude du Dix-Huitième Siècle (SFEDS) Diffusé par la Librairie Vrin
Année : 2022

Bien que Giuseppe Toaldo soit reconnu comme le premier savant à avoir mesuré la diminution de la température à la fin du 18 e siècle\, il ne se concentre pourtant pas sur le changement climatique. La finalité de ses recherches demeure sa théorie astro-météorologique et la prédiction des changements de temps. Son système conjecturel est d’ailleurs légitime aux yeux de ses contemporains grâce à ses outils baconiens\, l’astrologie saine et les observations météorologiques sur la longue durée. Au cours de son investigation\, les séismes restent discrets tout en tenant une fonction particulière. Leur libération exceptionnelle de matières dérèglerait le cycle météorologique naturel\, provoquant les bouleversements climatiques. Énonçant une règle de prédiction des tremblements de terre à la fin de sa vie\, Toaldo pensait probablement avoir percé le mystère des changements climatiques.,Although Giuseppe Toaldo was recognised as the first scientist to have measured the decrease in temperature at the end of the 18th century\, he does not\, however\, concentrate on climate change. The focus of his research remains his astro-meteorological theory and the prediction of weather changes. His conjectural system was legitimate in the eyes of his contemporaries thanks to his Baconian tools\, astrologia sana and long-term meteorological observations. In the course of his investigation\, earthquakes remain incidental while serving a special function. Their exceptional release of matter would disrupt the natural weather cycle\, causing climate disruptions. By formulating methods to predict earthquakes at the end of his life\, Toaldo probably thought he had cracked the mystery of climate changes.

Mots-clés : Padoue -- Italie,Séismes,Changement climatique,Astrologie
Evaluation of stress response using psychological\, biological\, and electrophysiological markers during immersive simulation of life threatening events in multidisciplinary teams
Auteurs : Daniel Aiham Ghazali,Ivan Darmian-Rafei,Jerome Nadolny,Philippe Sosner,Stephanie Ragot,Denis Oriot
Revue : Australian Critical Care
Éditeur : Elsevier
Année : 2018

Stress might impair clinical performance in real life and in simulation-based education (SBE). Subjective or objective measures can be used to assess stress during SBE. This monocentric study aimed to evaluate the effects of simulation of life-threatening events on measurements of various stress parameters (psychological\, biological\, and electrophysiological parameters) in multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) during SBE. The effect of gender and status of participants on stress response was also investigated. Twelve emergency MDTs of 4 individuals were recruited for an immersive simulation session. Stress was assessed by: (1) self-reported stress; (2) Holter analysis\, including heart rate and heart rate variability in the temporal and spectral domain (autonomic nervous system); (3) salivary cortisol (hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis). Forty-eight participants (54.2% men\, <7years of experience) were included. Measures were performed at baseline (T0)\, after simulation (T1)\, after debriefing (T2)\, and 30 min after debriefing (T3). There was an increase in stress level at T1 (p < 0.001) and a decrease at T2 (p < 0.001). However\, the variations of stress parameters induced by simulation (T0–T1 difference and T1–T2 difference) estimated by the three approaches were not correlated\, while\, as expected\, Holter parameters were well-correlated to each other. Immersive SBE produced a change of stress level in all MDT members with no evidence for status effect but with gender difference. None developed a PTSD. These results support the hypothesis of a complementarity of the stress paths (collective reaction with increased stress level during simulation and a decrease during debriefing) but with relative independence of these paths (lack of correlation to each other). This study also suggests that because of the lack of correlation\, stress response should be assessed by a combination of psychological\, biological and electrophysiological parameters.
Insights into Teacher Beliefs and Practice in Primary-School EFL in France
Auteurs : Shona Whyte,Ciara R. Wigham,Nathalie Younès
Revue : Languages
Éditeur : MDPI
Année : 2022

Teacher beliefs affect choices of methods\, representations of learning\, and classroom practice\, and are important in understanding primary EFL teaching in France\, where language teaching has been a compulsory subject entrusted to generalist class teachers for 20 years. This quantitative study explores questionnaire data from 254 primary teachers\, associating teacher beliefs and classroom practice. With respect to views of language teaching and learning\, the study reveals a three-way division of teachers between grammar-oriented teaching (PPP)\, communicative-language teaching (CLT)\, and ‘sceptical’ teachers. The PPP (n = 72) group employed the smallest range of teaching activities and rarely taught older pupils. The CLT group (n = 60) tended to have higher English proficiency and more in-service training and offered the widest range of oral activities. The sceptical group (n = 85) took no strong theoretical position\, had lower English proficiency\, and focused on listening and speaking skills. We found no correlation between teacher age and language learning beliefs or teaching practices. However\, teachers who offered a wider range of activities in any of the five competences tended to have more in-service training and higher English proficiency. Further correlations were found between oral language teaching and technology integration\, and written language teaching and teaching experience. The paper concludes with links to previous teacher cognition research and suggestions for teacher education.
Predictive models to estimate utility from clinical questionnaires in ă schizophrenia: findings from EuroSC
Auteurs : Carole Siani,Christian De Peretti,Aurélie Millier,Laurent Boyer,Mondher Toumi
Revue : Quality of Life Research
Éditeur : Springer Verlag
Année : 2016

The clinical symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with serious ă social\, quality of life and functioning alterations. Typically\, data on ă health utilities are not available in clinical studies in schizophrenia. ă This makes the economic evaluation of schizophrenia treatments ă challenging. The purpose of this article was to provide a mapping ă function to predict unobserved utility values in patients with ă schizophrenia from the available clinical and socio-demographic ă information. ă The analysis was performed using data from EuroSC\, a 2-year\, ă multi-centre\, cohort study conducted in France (N = 288)\, Germany (N = ă 618)\, and the UK (N = 302)\, totalling 1208 patients. Utility was ă calculated based on the EQ-5D questionnaire. The relationships between ă the utility values and the patients' socio-demographic and clinical ă characteristics (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-PANSS\, Calgary ă Depression Scale for Schizophrenia-CDSS\, Global Assessment of ă Functioning-GAF\, extra-pyramidal symptoms measured by Barnes Akathisia ă Scale-BAS\, age\, sex\, country\, antipsychotic type) were modelled using a ă random and a fixed individual effects panel linear model. ă The analysis demonstrated the prediction ability of the used parameters ă for estimating utility measures in patients with schizophrenia. Although ă there are small variations between countries\, the same variables appear ă to be the key predictors. From a clinical perspective\, age\, gender\, ă psychopathology\, and depression were the most important predictors ă associated with the EQ-5D. ă This paper proposed a reliable\, robust and easy-to-apply mapping method ă to estimate EQ-5D utilities based on demographic and clinical measures ă in schizophrenia.
Caregivers' perception of patients' cognitive deficit in schizophrenia ă and its influence on their quality of life
Auteurs : Alejandra Caqueo-Urizar,Alfonso Urzua,Laurent Boyer
Revue : PSICOTHEMA
Année : 2016

Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between ă the caregivers' perception of patients' cognitive deficits (i.e.\, ă neurocognition and social cognition) and their quality of life (QoL)\, ă after adjusting on clinicians' assessment of neurocognitive deficits and ă sociodemographic confounding factors. Methods: The study included 253 ă patients with schizophrenia and their caregivers from public mental ă health clinics in Bolivia\, Chile\, and Peru. The caregivers' perception ă of patients' neurocognitive and social cognitive deficits was assessed ă using the the GEOPTE scale\, caregivers' QoL was assessed using the ă schizophrenia caregiver quality of life questionnaire (S-CGQoL) and ă clinicians' ratings of patients' neurocognitive deficits was based on ă the cognitive factor of the positive and negative syndrome scale for ă schizophrenia (PANSS). Results: The degree of agreement between ă caregivers' perception and health care professionals' assessment of ă cognitive deficit of patients with schizophrenia was moderate. ă Caregivers' perceptions of neurocognitive and social cognitive deficits ă were significantly associated with their QoL\, contrary to clinicians' ă assessment. Conclusions: Caregivers' perception of patients' cognitive ă deficit was significantly associated with their QoL. The caregivers' ă perception regarding patients' neurocognition and social cognition may ă enrich the knowledge of clinicians on patients and is important to be ă considered by clinicians to improve caregiver's QoL.
Religion involvement and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia ă in Latin America
Auteurs : Alejandra Caqueo-Urizar,Alfonso Urzua,Laurent Boyer,David R. Williams
Revue : Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
Éditeur : Springer Verlag
Année : 2016

The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between religion ă involvement (RI) and quality of life (QoL) in patients with ă schizophrenia from three countries in Latin America\, while considering ă key confounding factors such as socio-demographic and clinical ă characteristics. ă This cross-sectional study was conducted in the public mental health ă services in La Paz\, Bolivia; Arica\, Chile; and Tacna\, Peru. The data ă collected included RI\, socio-demographic information\, clinical ă characteristics\, type of treatment and QoL using the S-QoL 18 ă questionnaire. A multivariate analysis using multiple linear regressions ă was performed to determine variables associated with QoL levels. ă Two hundred and fifty-three patients with schizophrenia were enrolled in ă our study. Significant positive associations were found between RI and ă QoL (the S-QoL 18 index: beta = 0.13; p = 0.048; autonomy dimension: ă beta = 0.15; p = 0.027). Other socio-cultural and economic factors were ă also associated with low QoL level: being a woman\, older patient\, low ă education level and being Aymara. Severity of the psychotic symptoms was ă associated to a lower QoL for all the dimension (beta from 0.15 to ă 0.31)\, except for the resilience. ă Our study found that socio-cultural and economic factors including RI ă were associated with QoL in patients with schizophrenia in Latin ă America\, suggesting that these factors may influence positively health ă outcome. However\, these relationships were moderate in strength\, ă especially in comparison to symptoms severity which remained the most ă important features associated with QoL.
The Prevalence of Mental Disorders Among Children and Adolescents in the ă Child Welfare System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Auteurs : Guillaume Bronsard,Marine Alessandrini,Guillaume Fond,Anderson Loundou,Pascal Auquier,Sylvie Tordjman,Laurent Boyer
Revue : Medicine
Éditeur : Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
Année : 2016

It remains unclear whether children and adolescents in the child welfare ă system (CWS) exhibit a higher prevalence of mental disorders compared ă with the general population. The objective of this study was to perform ă a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of mental ă disorders in the CWS. ă All of the epidemiological surveys assessing the prevalence of mental ă disorders in children and adolescents in the CWS were included. The ă pooled prevalence was estimated with random effect models. Potential ă sources of heterogeneity were explored using meta-regression analyses. ă Eight studies provided prevalence estimates that were obtained from 3104 ă children and adolescents. Nearly 1 child or adolescent of every 2 (49%; ă 95% confidence interval (CI) 43-54) was identified as meeting criteria ă for a current mental disorder. The most common mental disorder was ă disruptive disorder (27%; 95% CI 20-34)\, including conduct disorder ă (20%; 95% CI 13-27) and oppositional defiant disorder (12%; 95% CI ă 10-14). The prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder was ă estimated to be 11% (95% CI 6-15). The prevalence estimates of anxiety ă and depressive disorders were 18% (95% CI 12-24) and 11% (95% CI ă 7-15). Posttraumatic stress disorder had the lowest prevalence (4%; ă 95% CI 2-6). ă High prevalences of mental disorders in the CWS were reported\, which ă highlights the need for the provision of qualified service. The ă substantial heterogeneity of our findings is indicative of the need for ă accurate epidemiological data to effectively guide public policy.
À la frontière du droit : répertoire juridique et défense des exilé·es en territoire frontalier,At the Border of Law: Uses of Law in Solidarity With Migrants at Borders
Auteurs : Daniela Trucco,Karine Lamarche,Oriana Philippe
Revue : Droit et Société : Revue internationale de théorie du droit et de sociologie juridique
Éditeur : Librairie générale de droit et de jurisprudence (LGDJ)  [1991-2007] - Lextenso éditions [2007-....]
Année : 2023

À partir de trois enquêtes ethnographiques menées dans le Briançonnais\, le Calaisis et les Alpes maritimes\, l’article analyse les difficultés\, les opportunités et les ambivalences de la mobilisation du répertoire juridique dans l’aide aux personnes étrangères illégalisées aux frontières françaises. Il souhaite ainsi contribuer à deux champs distincts de la réflexion académique : celui sur les relations entre droit et mouvements sociaux et celui sur le rôle des acteur·rices non étatiques et associatif·ves dans la mise en place des contrôles migratoires. En revitalisant le débat classique sur la portée du droit comme arme et outil de changement social et politique\, il met au jour les spécificités mais aussi les ambivalences propres aux usages militants du droit au sein de l’espace de la cause des étranger·es aux frontières.,Based on three ethnographic studies carried out in the regions of Calais\, Briançon\, and Menton-Ventimiglia\, the article analyzes the difficulties\, opportunities\, and ambivalences faced by actors involved in solidarity with illegalized foreigners at French borders\, while using the law as a repertoire of contention. By doing so\, it aims to contribute to two distinct fields of academic thought: one focusing on the relationship between the law and social movements and the other grasping the role of non-state and associative actors in the implementation of immigration control policies. By revitalizing the classical debate on the potential and limits of the law as a weapon for social movements\, and as an instrument of social and political change\, the article exposes the specificities as well as the ambiguities of activists’ uses of the law in solidarity with migrants at borders.

Mots-clés : Frontière,Migrations,Mobilisations,Solidarité,Usage du droit