Geraldine/hal_univcotedazur_shs_articles_2013-2023 huggingface dataset:
Are sirens effective tools to alert the population in France?
Auteurs : Johnny Douvinet,Anna Serra-Llobet,Esteban Bopp,G Mathias Kondolf
Revue : Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
Éditeur : Copernicus Publ. / European Geosciences Union
Année : 2021

In France\, sirens have been the principal tool designated to alert the population in the case of danger. However\, their efficacity has not been objectively tested. Using a geographical information system\, questionnaires\, and surveys\, we analyzed (1) the spatial distribution of the siren network in relation to the covered population\, the hazards threatening different areas\, and the actual number of disasters that have occurred in the past\, (2) the political dilemma of activating sirens\, and (3) the population's trust in sirens\, as well as its understanding of expected behavior in the case of an emergency. Results show that\, with a few exceptions\, siren coverage in France is primarily determined by population density\, not by the expected hazards or the cumulative number of past disasters. Sirens are also rarely used by the authorities. However\, surveyed members of the population identify sirens as the most effective alert system over other alternatives such as cell-phone-based alerting tools. In a "mock" emergency most members of the public did not know how to respond in the case of an emergency\, and even most of those who correctly identified the appropriate response prior to the exercise did not react upon later hearing the siren. To improve the effectiveness of the French siren network\, we recommend (1) relocating sirens to optimize their efficiency\, (2) complementing the sound of sirens with a clear and unified message\, (3) reorganizing the competencies to activate siren alerts\, and finally (4) improving public education on different alert tools and expected behavior during an emergency.
Some unexpected trajectories of urban morphology in France.
Auteurs : Giovanni Fusco
Revue : SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal
Année : 2023

This paper is not un update of Darin's account on the study of urban form in France in 1998. Rather\, it's a complement to it\, dealing with two overlooked issues that produced unexpected trajectories for urban morphology in France. The first is Mer-lin's 1988 publication of an important book on urban morphology and plot systems\, after the organization of an international conference on the subject. Produced at the request of the French Ministry of Urbanism\, this work was extremely critical of the emerging field of urban morphology and exerted a long-lasting negative influence on its development in France\, namely in the field of urban planning. The second is the contribution to urban morphology by theoretical and quantitative geographers. Much of this contribution is indeed posterior to Darin's account\, but it shows that the study of urban form can now count on two different traditions in France: finer scale and design-oriented urban morphology within the schools of architecture and larger scale\, sometimes trans-scale\, computer-aided urban morphology from quantitative geography. Huge potential lies in engaging collaborations among these two traditions.

Mots-clés : Morphologie Urbaine et Parcellaire
Un soutien géographiquement inégal : la sélectivité spatiale des aides publiques à l'investissement immobilier résidentiel des ménages en France,Geographically uneven support: the spatial selectivity of public aid for household residential real estate investment in France
Auteurs : Pierre Le Brun
Revue : Géographie, Économie, Société
Éditeur : Lavoisier
Année : 2022

La capacité de l'État à influencer le processus d'accumulation patrimoniale immobilière est clairement établie par la théorie de la régulation et la géographie radicale. Les formes géographiques de ce mécanisme demeurent cependant peu étudiées. Cet article analyse les périmètres géographiques d'éligibilité à cinq aides à l'investissement immobilier des ménages en France sur la période 2003-2019. Il montre l'importance croissante du fléchage géographique des aides d'État à l'accumulation patrimoniale immobilière. La relégation à la fois financière et géographique des aides à l'accession sociale et dans l'ancien constitue le reflet inversé de la concentration des aides à l'investissement locatif dans les zones tendues. Cette sélectivité spatiale des aides publiques à destination des ménages permet de mettre en évidence la dimension géographiquement inégale du mode de régulation dans le domaine du logement. Elle institue en outre une segmentation de l'espace national à destination des ménages investisseurs.,The capacity of the State to influence the accumulation process of real estate assets is strongly established by the regulation theory and radical geography. Yet\, to date\, the geographical forms of this mechanism remain under-studied. This paper therefore analyses the geographical perimeters of eligibility for five real estate investment aids in France over the period 2003-2019. Drawing on this study\, we underscore the growing importance of geographical criteria for access to State support for households wealth accumulation. We highlight the contrast between\, on the one hand\, the relegation both financially and geographically of aid for social access to ownership and access to second-hand dwellings\, and\, on the other\, the concentration of State support for rental investment in high demand areas. Beyond shedding light on the geographical unevenness of the mode of regulation\, the article suggests that the spatial selectivity of the State entails a segmentation of the national space aimed at household investors.

Mots-clés : Immobilier,Investissement,Politique du logement,Ménages,Théorie de la régulation,Sélectivité spatiale de l'État
Les « quartiers anciens » de Lyon : lieux de transformations urbaines et sociales,The « old neighborhoods » of Lyon: areas of urban and social transformations
Auteurs : Camille Michel
Revue : Espace Populations Sociétés
Éditeur : Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Année : 2019

Les quartiers anciens dont il est question dans cet article font référence aux territoires d’actions de la Politique de la Ville de la commune de Lyon. Ils ont connu dès les années 1970 de nombreuses transformations urbaines notamment avec la création les Opérations Programmées d’Amélioration de l’Habitat (OPAH). Aussi\, depuis une quarantaine d’années ils ont bénéficié d’une multitude d’actions visant à améliorer le cadre de vie de la population. Toutes ces interventions ont contribué à changer leur image au cours du temps et ont engendré d’importantes mutations sociales et spatiales. La revalorisation de ces quartiers a notamment entraîné une diversification de la population avec l’arrivée de catégories socioprofessionnelles plus élevées ; le phénomène de gentrification y est fortement présent. Ainsi\, nous proposons de dresser un portrait de ces espaces en étudiant leurs évolutions dans le temps. Il conviendra de faire un historique des interventions publiques\, d’analyser la dynamique des transformations sociales mais également de présenter les caractéristiques actuelles de ces quartiers afin d’appréhender le profil social des habitants.
Des cartes mentales pour analyser la vulnérabilité au risque d’une ville de l’Arctique russe : Khamagatta,Mentals maps to analyse the vulnerability to risk in a small Russian Arctic town: Khamagatta,El uso de los mapas mentales para analizar la vulnerabilidad al riesgo de la ciudad de Khamagatta en el Ártico Ruso
El uso de los mapas mentales para analizar la vulnerabilidad al riesgo de la ciudad de Khamagatta en el Ártico Ruso
Auteurs : Anne Tricot,Jean-Jacques Marquisar,Jean-Louis Ballais,Sébastien Gadal,Moisei Ivanovich Zakharov
Revue : M@ppemonde
Éditeur : Maison de la géographie
Année : 2023

L’article présente les résultats principaux d’un atelier cartographique conduit à Khamagatta (Sibérie orientale). L’objectif en était double : observer la vulnérabilité aux inondations de débâcle de la ville par les connaissances d’enfants et d’adolescents y vivant ; utiliser la carte comme instrument de dialogue\, d’intégration des connaissances et de recueil de données. Récits et cartographies ne s’opposent pas\, mais se renforcent. L’atelier cartographique a permis que se côtoient différents registres de connaissances et produit au final des informations précieuses pour l’analyse scientifique.,The paper presents the main results of a cartographic workshop in Khamagatta (Eastern Siberia). The objective was twofold: observing the town vulnerability to ice break-up floods through a group of children and teenagers knowledge living there; use the map as an instrument for dialogue\, knowledge integration and data collection. Narratives and cartographies are not opposed but rather mutually reinforcing. This cartographic worskhop allowed different registers of knowledge to be brought together and ultimately produced valuable information for scientific analysis.

Mots-clés : Arctique russe,Cartes mentales,Cartographie participative,Khamagatta,Risques,Sibérie orientale
Funerals During the Second Iron age: A Newly Discovered Sepulchral Ensemble Reveals Practices in Western Switzerland (Pré-Du-Stand\, Geneva)
Auteurs : Marie Besse,Martine Piguet,Antony Carbone,Auréade Henry,Stéphanie Girardclos,Julie Debard,Tobias Hofstetter,Anouk Bystritzsky-Papilloud,Tara Steimer
Revue : Journal of Anthropological and Archaeological Sciences
Éditeur : Lupine publishers
Année : 2021

During preventive archaeological excavations at the site of Pré-du-Stand in Geneva (Switzerland) in 2015 and 2016\, four cremations dating to the middle La Tène period (La Tène C2/200-150 BC) were found. This discovery sheds light on Second Iron Age societies\, which remain poorly understood to this day. Analysis based on existing anthropological knowledge and funerary artefacts suggest these structures represent a female grave\, two warrior graves\, and a deposit of charcoal and burned human bones. On the Swiss Plateau\, the beginning of the Second Iron Age (LTA2-LTC2/425-150 BC) is characterised by inhumation necropolises. Cremation\, meanwhile\, disappears until 150 BC\, when it makes a comeback. The recent discoveries made at Pré-du-Stand push back the appearance of cremations to the La Tène C2 period around 200 BC\, and bear witness to the presence of two male tombs\, a rare occurrence in the funerary context for this period.
Paysages politiques de la disparition. Introduction
Auteurs : Sabrina Melenotte
Revue : Condition humaine / Conditions politiques : revue internationale d'anthropologie du politique
Éditeur : Éditions de l'EHESS / Maison des sciences de l'homme Paris Nord (MSH Paris Nord)
Année : 2022

Comment écrire sur un sujet qui est\, par définition\, insaisissable\, comme l'est la disparition ? Comment écrire et décrire l'absence et l'absent ? Comment parler de cette expérience insondable de la disparition autrement que par ses marges ?

Mots-clés : Disparitions,Gouvernement des morts,Paysages politiques,Recherches de disparus,Mexique,Colombie
Supporting a revolution from afar: the construction of unity between generations of Sudanese exiles in France
Auteurs : Marie Bassi,Pauline Brücker,Alice Franck
Revue : Mediterranean Politics
Éditeur : Taylor & Francis (Routledge)
Année : 2022

Since December 2018\, Sudan has been experiencing a revolution that has engaged the large numbers of Sudanese who live abroad in a political struggle from afar. Based on a case study of the Sudanese community in France and an analysis of their long-distance support of the political upheavals from three different cities\, this article assesses how times of revolution affect the sense of commonness of diasporic groups and reshape socio-political boundaries in exile. From our initial identification of two Sudanese generations in France\, which we will call the elders and the youth\, we assess how the collective identification process for exiles\, which is initially determined by social and regional affiliations\, has been affected in recent times by the outbreak of the Sudanese revolution. After presenting the two generations of Sudanese currently living in France\, we show how the revolutionary context has affected their feelings of belonging and produced a temporary sense of diasporic unity. Finally\, the article analyses how the stalemate in the revolutionary process during the summer of 2019 led to an erosion of this unified Sudanese consensus and resurrected political\, regional\, social\, and generational divides\, pushing the young generation to the forefront of protest from afar.
Agriculture in the Ancient Maya Lowlands (Part 1): Paleoethnobotanical Residues and New Perspectives on Plant Management
Auteurs : Shanti Morell-Hart,Lydie Dussol,Scott L Fedick
Revue : Journal of Archaeological Research
Éditeur : Springer Verlag
Année : 2022

We focus on pre-Columbian agricultural regimes in the Maya Lowlands\, using new datasets of archaeological wood charcoal\, seeds\, phytoliths\, and starch grains; biological properties of plants; and contemporary Indigenous practices. We address inherited models of agriculture in the lowlands: the limitations of the environment (finding more affordances than anticipated by earlier models); the homogeneity of agricultural strategies (finding more heterogeneity of strategies across the lowlands than a single rigid template); the centrality of maize in agriculture (finding more reliance on root crops and tree crops than historically documented); the focus on the milpa system as food base (finding more agroforestry\, homegardening\, horticulture\, and wild resource management than previously documented); the dominance of swidden strategies in agricultural practices (finding more diverse practices than accounted for in most models); and the foregrounding of maize crop failure in collapse models (finding more evidence of resilience and sustainable agricultural practices than predicted).
Local Risk Awareness and Precautionary Behaviour in a Multi-Hazard Region of North Morocco
Auteurs : Ante Ivčević,Raquel Bertoldo,Hubert Mazurek,Lionel Siame,Séverin Guignard,Abdelkhalak Ben Moussa,Olivier Bellier
Revue : International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction
Éditeur : Elsevier
Année : 2020

North Morocco (region Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima) is characterized by high demographic and economic pressures\, which intensify the vulnerability of the coastal areas. Morocco lies both along the Atlantic and the Mediterranean coast\, having a rich relief of mountain chains (Atlas and Rif). This diverse context induces the challenge of adapting to environments that are drastically different\, and of answering the question to which extent the local population is aware of different natural risks. Risk awareness is addressed as a predictor of precautionary behaviour in a questionnaire-based survey. Here the variables explaining the readiness of inhabitants to protect themselves and their belongings from natural risks in the present and the willingness to invest and to protect in the future are explored. Furthermore\, based on the different response patterns in the survey\, we used multiple correspondence analysis to identify profiles of typical dwellers. The results indicate local regional differences\, where the Rif Mountain dwellers are more prone to protect themselves than the ones living in other parts of North Morocco. Finally\, environmental identity indicates that the relationship with nature has an impact on risk awareness and precautionary behaviour. This study brings out information which could be useful for policy makers who should promote ecological concerns and encourage local action in resolving environmental issues when promoting risk mitigation measures.
Dead wood gathering among Neanderthal groups: Charcoal evidence from Abric del Pastor and El Salt (Eastern Iberia)
Auteurs : Paloma Vidal-Matutano,Auréade Henry,Isabelle Théry-Parisot
Revue : Journal of Archaeological Science
Éditeur : Elsevier
Année : 2017

We present here a new approach combining the microscopic characterization of fungal decay features and the fragmentation degree of the charcoal remains from Middle Palaeolithic combustion structures: features H4 and H11 from Abric del Pastor\, unit IV (>75 ka BP) and features H50 and H57 from El Salt\, unit Xb (ca. 52 ka BP)\, Eastern Iberia. The observation of wood degradation patterns that occurred prior to charring followed by their quantitative analysis according to previous experimental studies revealed differences between the alteration degrees of the firewood used in the hearths\, highlighting the existence of firewood acquisition criteria based on dead wood gathering and also suggesting smoke-related functions. Coupled with fragmentation analyses\, this method highlighted possible post-depositional processes affecting the higher degraded charcoals. These results lead us to propose a quantitative analysis of the fungal decay patterns on Middle Palaeolithic charcoal reinforcing the previous hypotheses about dead wood gathering among Neanderthal groups as an accessible and available resource in the surroundings. These data have significant implications for the interpretation of firewood use and management by Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers which was traditionally defined as an opportunistic activity according to the absence of selection criteria based on specific taxa.
The role of pottery in Middle Neolithic societies of western Mediterranean (Sardinia\, Italy\, 4500-4000 cal BC) revealed through an integrated morphometric\, use-wear\, biomolecular and isotopic approach
Auteurs : Laura Fanti,Léa Drieu,Arnaud Mazuy,Thierry Blasco,Carlo Lugliè,Martine Regert
Revue : Journal of Archaeological Science
Éditeur : Elsevier
Année : 2018

The use of pottery in the Early Neolithic communities of Western Mediterranean has begun to be addressed by recent studies concerning the residues of dietary commodities in potsherds. In order to contribute to a broader perspective on the issue of pottery function\, we investigate pottery assemblages through an integrated methodology\, combining the study of vessel morphology and morphometry\, use-wear analysis\, biomolecular and compound-specific carbon isotopic analysis of residues. We focus on the use of pottery containers by advanced Middle Neolithic societies of Sardinia (Italy\, 4500-4000 cal BC)\, protagonists of significant technical\, economic and cultural changes in the completion of Neolithisation in this island. The aims are to elucidate the role of whole pottery assemblages in technical and socioeconomic systems of Middle Neolithic communities and to provide data on animal and plant resources exploitation during this phase. Based on the integrated combination of data\, six categories of vessel use are identified. The results reveal a differential integration of vessels in activities related to the exploitation of distinct kinds of resources (ruminant adipose/dairy fats and plant foods vs. non-ruminant and aquatic products) and highlight specific behaviours of Middle Neolithic societies in selecting pottery morphotypes for different uses\, notably in processing products with heating.
Actualités de la recherche sur l’agglomération secondaire pétrucore de Montignac-sur-Vézère (Dordogne)
Auteurs : Vanessa Elizagoyen,Xavier Boës,Hélène Gaillard,Yann Laborie,Guillaume Hulin,François-Xavier Simon,Carole Fondeville
Revue : Aquitania
Éditeur : Fédération Aquitania
Année : 2018

Une agglomération secondaire gallo-romaine est attestée depuis 2015 aux Olivoux\, à Montignac-Lascaux (Nouvelle-Aquitaine). Le site et son environnement font l’objet d’opérations archéologiques préventives et programmées depuis 2005. L’objet de cet article est de proposer un point d’actualité de la recherche en 2018.,A Gallo-Roman city is known since 2015 located in Montignac-Lascaux (Nouvelle-Aquitaine)\, “ Les Olivoux“. The site and its surroundings have been studied by preventive operations and research projects since 2005. The aim of this article is to provide a topical issue of the research in 2018.
First Sculpted Human Face in the Western Mediterranean Early Neolithic
Auteurs : Didier Binder,Caroline Hamon,Ludovic Bellot-Gurlet,Sylvie Beyries,Pradeau Jean-Victor,Franck Vautier,Olivier Voldoire
Revue : Cambridge Archaeological Journal
Éditeur : Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Année : 2014

The development of Neolithic lifestyle in the Western Mediterranean during the 6th millennium cal BCE is the consequence of the spread of populations from the Near East after successive stages of cultural remodelling. Despite a clear contribution of the Near-Eastern and Aegean Neolithic to the economic and technical changes that happened to the West\, few is known here about their symbolic legacies\, because of the scarcity of representations and ritual evidences associated to the earliest Western Neolithic contexts. Excavations at the rock shelter of Pendimoun (South-Eastern France) yielded the first anthropomorphic stone sculpture from the Western Mediterranean Neolithic (Early 6th millennium cal BCE). Using both carving and painting techniques\, it represents a rather realistic human face which is a unicum within the Western Mediterranean and European frames. After having described the shaping and colouring details of the mask\, the authors here deal with its possible social significances and cultural connections.
To be born is not enough: the key role of innovative start-ups
Auteurs : Alessandra Colombelli,Jackie Krafft,Marco Vivarelli
Revue : Small Business Economics
Éditeur : Springer Verlag
Année : 2016

This paper investigates the reasons why entry per se is not necessarily good and the evidence showing that innovative start-ups survive longer than their non-innovative counterparts. In this framework\, our own empirical analysis shows that greater survival is achieved when start-ups engage successfully in both product innovation and process innovation\, with a key role of the latter. Moreover\, this study goes beyond a purely microeconomic perspective and discusses the key role of the environment within which innovative entries occur. What shown and discussed in this contribution strongly supports the proposal that the creation and survival of innovative start-ups should become one qualifying point of the economic policy agenda.
Gravettian weaponry: 23\,500-year-old evidence of a composite barbed point from Les Prés de Laure (France)
Auteurs : Antonin Tomasso,Veerle Rots,Louise Purdue,Sylvie Beyries,Mike Buckley,Carole Cheval,Dries Cnuts,Justin Coppe,Marie-Anne Julien,Michel Grenet,Christian Lepers,Mondher M'Hamdi,Patrick Simon,Sabine Sorin,Guillaume Porraz
Revue : Journal of Archaeological Science
Éditeur : Elsevier
Année : 2018

Understanding hunting technology is pivotal in the study of adaptive and innovative forces that influenced the evolution of prehistoric societies. The manufacture\, design and use of hunting weapons involve technical processes such as those of tool miniaturization\, blank standardization and projection modes\, but also influence broader demographic structures such as human subsistence strategies\, territorial organization and socio-economic structures. Here we present a unique discovery from a newly discovered site at Les Prés de Laure (Var\, France). Excavations revealed a multi-stratified open-air site with archaeological units that were rapidly buried by the alluvium of the Jabron River. In a Gravettian layer dated between 25 and 23.5 ka cal BP\, within an area apparently dedicated to horse carcasses processing and consumption\, 11 backed points were discovered in direct association with altered bone remains. Wear and residue analysis of the lithic backed points in combination with complementary experimental data converge to indicate that the find represents a bone point armed with lithic barbs and used as hunting weapon. This discovery provides new evidence for the manufacture and use of hunting weaponry in a Gravettian context and stimulates discussion on Paleolithic weapon function and design\, offering a unique window into the characterization of prehistoric hunting strategies.