Geraldine/hal_univcotedazur_shs_articles_2013-2023 huggingface dataset:
The Attention Economy : Between Market Capturing and Commitment in the Polity
Auteurs : Emmanuel Kessous
Revue : Œconomia - History/Methodology/Philosophy
Éditeur : NecPlus/Association Œconomia
Année : 2015

This article describes a participatory form of the attention economy\, as opposed to another form\, the market attention economy. The latter signifies an evolution of the market environment\, characterized by an over-abundance of information at a cost that is quasi nil. In this context\, attention becomes rare. The participatory attention economy accounts for the actors’ motives for engaging in social life\, mainly through social media on the Internet\, in a context where attention has become rare. Drawing on the work of pioneer authors who have studied the attention economy\, I show that in its participatory form it can be described as a polity in the making\, in the sense of Luc Boltanski and Laurent Thévenot. This means that it embodies a set of collective rules and a specific principle of justice governing behaviours in the polity. I describe the normative characteristics of this emerging polity and compare it to the market form of the attention economy. This enables me to shed light on three contemporary problems in economic sociology and public policy making.,Cet article décrit une forme participative de l’économie de l’attention\, qu’elle oppose à une autre forme\, l’économie marchande de l’attention. L’économie marchande de l’attention décrit une évolution de l’environnement marchand caractérisée par une surabondance d’information à un coût quasi-nul. Dans ce contexte\, l’attention devient le bien rare. L’économie participative de l’attention rend compte\, quant à elle\, des motivations des acteurs à s’engager dans la vie sociale\, notamment au travers des médias sociaux sur Internet\, dans un contexte où l’attention est devenue rare. Nous montrons\, à partir de la lecture d’auteurs pionniers ayant traités de l’économie de l’attention\, que l’économie de l’attention dans sa forme participative peut ainsi être décrite comme une cité en formation au sens de Luc Boltanski et Laurent Thévenot\, i.e. qu’elle incorpore un ensemble de règles collectives et un principe de justice spécifique qui régissent les comportements dans la cité. Nous décrivons les caractéristiques normatives de cette cité en émergence et la confrontons avec l’économie de l’attention dans sa forme marchande. Cette confrontation permet d’éclairer trois problèmes contemporains de sociologie économique et de politique publique.

Mots-clés : Économie de l’attention,Participation,Justice,Grandeur,Bien commun,Vie privée,Exposition de soi,Boltanski Luc,Thévenot Laurent,Cité,Internet,Care
Artificial intelligence and consumer manipulations: from consumer's counter algorithms to firm's self-regulation tools
Auteurs : Nathalie de Marcellis-Warin,Frédéric Marty,Eva Thelisson,Thierry Warin
Revue : AI and Ethics
Éditeur : Springer
Année : 2022

The growing use of artificial intelligence (A.I.) algorithms in businesses raises regulators' concerns about consumer protection. While pricing and recommendation algorithms have undeniable consumer-friendly effects\, they can also be detrimental to them through\, for instance\, the implementation of dark patterns. These correspond to algorithms aiming to alter consumers' freedom of choice or manipulate their decisions. While the latter is hardly new\, A.I. offers significant possibilities for enhancing them\, altering consumers' freedom of choice and manipulating their decisions. Consumer protection comes up against several pitfalls. Sanctioning manipulation is even more difficult because the damage may be diffuse and not easy to detect. Symmetrically\, both ex-ante regulation and requirements for algorithmic transparency may be insufficient\, if not counterproductive. On the one hand\, possible solutions can be found in counter-algorithms that consumers can use. On the other hand\, in the development of a compliance logic and\, more particularly\, in tools that allow companies to self-assess the risks induced by their algorithms. Such an approach echoes the one developed in corporate social and environmental responsibility. This contribution shows how self-regulatory and compliance schemes used in these areas can inspire regulatory schemes for addressing the ethical risks of restricting and manipulating consumer choice
Architectural Knowledge: key flows and processes in designing an inter-organizational technological platform
Auteurs : Amel Attour,Maelle Della-Peruta
Revue : Knowledge Management Research and Practice
Éditeur : Palgrave Macmillan
Année : 2014

The main objective is to identify which knowledge flows are key elements for designing an inter-organisational technological platform. It mobilizes two theories: the literature of platform strategies and the architectural innovation theory. In the literature\, the technological platform is already existing\, is the property of only one firm and it is the starting point for an inter-organisational innovation process because it is enhanced and enriched by niche players. This paper considers the case of a digital business ecosystem where the technological platform doesn't already exist and it is co-designed. We study the design process of an inter-organisational technological platform and\, more specifically\, its emergence\, its development\, and its potential evolution. The issue is to know how and under which conditions and with what objective an emerging technological platform is fundamental to the analysis of the emergence of the business ecosystem and the strategic positioning of each member.
Adoption of Cloud Computingin Emerging Countries: The Role of the Absorptive Capacity
Auteurs : Adel Ben Youssef,Walid Hadhri,Téja Meharzi
Revue : Systèmes d'Information et Management
Éditeur : Eska
Année : 2015

This paper aims at developing a theoretical framework that explains the decision of cloud computing (CC) adoption in Emergent Countries. It emphasizes the specific role of the technological absorptive capacity especially when the firm is seeking innovation by adopting CC. The absorptive capacity considered in this work is close to the work of Todorova and Durisin (2007) who proposed a framework linking both the contributions of Cohen and Levinthal (1989) and Zahra and Georges (2002).To test our theoretical claims\, we estimated two models predicting the probability of adopting CC and adopting CC for innovative aims with (1) competitive pressure and external environment\, (2) Technology perceived impacts\, and (3) technological absorptive capacity of the firm. We use control variables such as size\, sector of activity and seniority in order to control the general purposes of our claims. We use a bivariate probit model in order to understand the determinants of the decision of adoption and an ordered probit with sample selection in order to understand the determinant of adoption of CC for innovative aims. Based on a face-to-face questionnaire administered to a random sample of 350 Tunisian firms\, and using a Heckman selection method. Our empirical findings confirm our theoretical claims and show that technology perception is key factor for CC adoption (for general purposes) and that the absorptive capacity is fundamental when the adoption of CC is for innovation goals.We found also that competition pressureis an important explanatory factor:the more competitors that adopt this technology\, the more likely the firm adopt it.
Corporate governance\, value and performance of firms: New empirical results on convergence from a large international database
Auteurs : Jackie Krafft,Yiping Qu,Francesco Quatraro,Jacques-Laurent Ravix
Revue : Industrial and Corporate Change
Éditeur : Oxford University Press (OUP)
Année : 2014

This paper aims to revisit the link between corporate governance\, value\, and firm performance by focusing on convergence\, understood as the way that non-US firms are adopting US best practice in terms of corporate governance\, and the implications of this adoption. We examine theoretical questions related to conventional models (agency theory\, transaction cost economics\, new property rights theory)\,which tend to suggest rational adoption of best practice\, and contributions that alternatively consider country- and firm-level differences as possible barriers to convergence. We contribute to the empirical literature by using a large international database to show how non-US firms' adoption of US best practice is having an impact on performance.
Expected utility theory with non-commutative probability theory
Auteurs : Dino Borie
Revue : Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination
Éditeur : Springer Verlag
Année : 2013

In this paper\, we extend von Neumann and Morgenstern’s expected utility approach to a non-commutative probability theory. We introduce a new representation of the decision maker’s set of events which extends the canonical representation. We reformulate von Neumann and Morgenstern’s approach to modeling decision maker behavior by non-commutative probability theory. We introduce a set of preference axi- oms similar to von Neumann and Morgenstern’s axioms\, and show that they lead to a generalization of the expected utility theorem. Our generalization allows for decision makers to make an intuitive distinction between representations of a set of events. We find that this methodology enables several paradoxes and inconsistencies in traditional expected utility theory (e.g.\, Allais paradox\, etc.) to be solved or better understood.
Solar Thermal Energy for Sustainable Development in Tunisia
the case of the PROSOL Project
Auteurs : Damien Bazin,Emna Omri,Nouri Chtourou
Revue : Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Éditeur : Elsevier
Année : 2015

The massive increase in production and consumption of fossil fuels during the 20th century was accompanied by several problems in economic\, social and environmental levels. Thus\, the energy as it is produced\, distributed and consumed currently does not meet the requirements of sustainable development. Hence it is necessary to use RE that do not emit GHG in order to move toward the sustainable development. Since mid-1980s\, Tunisia has implemented its national strategy in the field of RE. To revive the market of solar water heating\, the government decided to establish\, in 2005\, an ambitious program called PROSOL. With the help of case study (PROSOL project)\, the paper shows that the contribution of RE to the economic\, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development is significant.

Mots-clés : Projet PROSOL,Énergies renouvelables,Développement durable
Influence of genetic factors and institutional environment on entrepreneurial activity: evidence from a twin study in Italy
Auteurs : Diego Zunino
Revue : Industrial and Corporate Change
Éditeur : Oxford University Press (OUP)
Année : 2021

Abstract Genetic factors influence entrepreneurial activity\, but we know little about how genetic factors influence entrepreneurial activity when the institutional environment is favorable. Two theories from behavioral genetics explain the gene–environment interaction. One theory argues that a favorable environment favors the development of genetic factors and their influence. An alternative theory posits that unfavorable environment triggers the development of genetic factors and their influence. I test these two competing theories with a twin study based in Italy. I compare the influence of genetic factors in provinces where the institutional environment favors entrepreneurial activity with provinces where the institutional environment is unfavorable to entrepreneurial activity. I found consistent evidence that genetic factors exert a larger influence in favorable institutional environments\, suggesting that favorable institutional environments complement genetic factors.
Does Urbanization Reduce Rural Poverty? Evidence from Vietnam
Auteurs : Adel Ben Youssef,Mohamed El Hedi Arouri,Cuong Nguyen-Viet
Revue : Economic Modelling
Éditeur : Elsevier
Année : 2016

This paper contributes to the urbanization-poverty nexus by assessing the effect of urbanization on income\, expenditure\, and poverty in rural households in Vietnam\, using data from household surveys. We find that the urbanization process stimulates the transition from farm to non-farm activities in rural areas. More specifically\, urbanization tends to reduce farm income and increase wages and non-farm income in rural households. This suggests that total income and consumption expenditure of rural households are more likely to increase with urbanization. Finally\, we find also that urbanization helps to decrease the expenditure poverty rate of rural households\, albeit by a small magnitude.
Which kind of blockchain application for local complementary currencies?
Auteurs : Sothearath Seang,Dominique Torre
Revue : Revue Economique
Éditeur : Presses de Sciences Po
Année : 2021

This paper examines the application of the blockchain technology to local complementary currencies through two consensus protocols: the Proof of Work (PoW) and the Proof of Stake (PoS). Given the increasing digitisation of local currencies\, and the challenges affecting their management and operation\, we analyse the potential of a technological solution in addressing these issues. The case of local currencies with a blockchain is different from the case of crypto-currencies as there is no speculation possible due to the one-to-one fixed exchange rate with the legal tender\, and the geographical limit of use for local currencies. In this context\, the blockchain offers different services and has different properties. The choice of the right validation process matters in this case\, but also incentives of miners and validators to participate in the process.,Cet article examine les possibilités d’application d’une technologie de type blockchain au fonctionnement de monnaies compl´éentaires locales\, en considérant deux types de protocoles de consensus : la preuve de travail et la preuve d’enjeu. Il s’attache en particulier à étudier leur application au contexte de digitalisation de ces monnaies. Une blockchain associée à une monnaie compl´ementaire locale se distingue profondément d’une blockchain associée à un crypto-actif : elle exclut tout usage spéculatif à la monnaie locale qui\, contrairement aux crypto-actifs\, a une parité ﬁxe avec la monnaie légale et dispose d’un bassin de circulation restreint. Dans un tel cadre\, une blockchain rend des services diﬀérents\, elle a aussi des propriétés diﬀérentes. Le choix du protocole de consensus compte cependant\, de même que le type d’incitation poussant les mineurs ou les validateurs `à participer au réseau.
With uncertain damage theory come unpredictable effects of remedies. “Libres propos”on the Android case
Auteurs : Frédéric Marty,Julien Pillot
Revue : Competition Policy Internationa Antitrust Chronicle
Année : 2018

This contribution analyses the EU Commission’s decision Google Android of July 18\, 2018. We question both the underlying damage theory and the potential effects of associated remedies. We investigate their impact on Android’s two-sided structure. These remedies question both Google’s business model and Android’s technical architecture as anti-fragmentation provisions and apps’ pre-installation may be consubstantial to such a two-sided structure.
La gestion du changement stratégique dans les organisations publiques à la lumière de l'expérience d'autonomie des universités françaises: un essai d'appréciation critique
Auteurs : Albert Marouani
Revue : Revue tunisienne d'administration publique / المجلة التونسية للإدارة العمومية
Éditeur : École nationale d'administration de Tunis (ENAT). Centre d'expertise et de recherches administratives (Tunis, Tunisie) [2013-....]
Année : 2013

La littérature sur la gestion du changement stratégique dans les organisations prête généralement assez peu d'attention à leur statut juridique. La problématique du changement se focalise le plus souvent sur des caractéristiques psychologiques\, psycho-sociologiques ou sociologiques des comportements humains qui sont supposés similaires quelle que soit la nature de l'organisation (entreprise privée ou administration publique). De ce fait la question du changement dans le management public n'a pas fait l'objet de travaux de recherches qui mettent en évidence la complexité particulière des organisations publiques et la plus grande difficulté pour les cadres dirigeants à mettre en oeuvre des politiques de changement stratégiques. (Ban\, 1995). Alors que dans l'entreprise privée\, le changement stratégique présente souvent un caractère unidimensionnel qui fait référence à la création de valeur et à la maximisation du profit comme contrainte la plus déterminante en dernière instance\, dans les administrations publiques\, le changement présente toujours un caractère protéiforme\, largement déterminé par le contexte socio-politique\, le poids de l'histoire et les pesanteurs institutionnelles et culturelles propres à une nation. Le fonctionnement et la gestion des universités françaises ont été profondément transformés en 2009\, par la Loi dite des « libertés et responsabilités des universités » (LRU)\, marquée par le passage aux « responsabilités et compétences élargies » (RCE). En un temps très court les universités françaises ont été contraintes de changer radicalement leur mode de management. Cette « révolution culturelle » a dû être menée dans un contexte très perturbé et perturbant\, en raison à la fois des politiques publiques de l'Etat (« plans campus » et « investissements d'avenir ») et des restrictions budgétaires dues en grande partie à la crise financière qui a ralenti la croissance économique et aggravé le chômage et le déficit des finances publiques. A ce contexte national particulièrement mouvementé\, il convient aussi d'ajouter un contexte local marqué par les difficultés de mise en oeuvre des « partenariats public-privé » (PPP) dans le cadre des « contrats de projets Etat-Région » (CPER) ou/et des « plans campus ».
La concentration des pouvoirs économiques privés : une perspective d’économie institutionnelle du droit
Auteurs : Frédéric Marty
Revue : Revue internationale de droit économique
Éditeur : Association internationale de droit économique (AIDE) ; De Boeck Université (Bruxelles, Belgique) [1986-....]
Année : 2019

Cet article traite de l’appréhension par l’économie du droit de la concurrence de la question des pouvoirs économiques privés. Nous mettons en évidence une tension entre les recommandations qui découlent d’une défense de l’ordre concurrentiel conçu comme une garantie d’accès au marché et de pluralisme\, et celles qui assignent à ce dernier le seul et unique objectif de la maximisation du bien-être du consommateur. Nous illustrons notre propos par une analyse de ces enjeux pour les marchés numériques.,This paper analyses how competition law and economics tackles the issue of private economic power. We stress a tension between recommendations based on a definition of the competitive order as a guarantee of access to market or of pluralism\, and normative prescriptions based the consumer welfare maximisation\, as the competition law enforcement unique criterion. We illustrate this debates with examples provided by digital markets.

Mots-clés : Pouvoirs économiques privés,Processus de concurrence,Bien-être du consommateur
Exploitative Abuse and Abuse of Economic Dependence: What Can We Learn from an Industrial Organization Approach?
Auteurs : Patrice Bougette,Oliver Budzinski,Frédéric Marty
Revue : Revue d'économie politique
Éditeur : Dalloz
Année : 2019

This article conducts a detailed analysis of the concept of economic dependence and exploitative abuse based on how their treatment in competition law and economics and their enforcement in European case law have evolved. Although the theoretical roots of these concepts lie in economic theory\, these issues have been ignored or considered only scantily in the context of competition law enforcement. An effects-based approach should take these problems into account and could provide insights into how to portray the impacts of these abuses. We draw on two examples – from the agri-food industries and the digital economy – of relevant economic dependence issues. This paper highlights the existence of a paradox: although industrial organization models provide relevant tools to characterize these abuses\, assess their effects\, and devise remedies\, it seems that they are seldom used by competition law enforcers.,Cet article analyse les concepts d’abus d’exploitation et de dépendance économique\, non seulement sous le prisme de la jurisprudence concurrentielle européenne mais également sous celui de l’économie industrielle. Bien que les racines théoriques de ces concepts reposent sur la théorie économique\, ils ont été ignorés ou peu pris en compte dans le contexte de l’application du droit de la concurrence. Une approche fondée sur les effets (effects-based) devrait tenir compte de ces pratiques et pourrait fournir des indications sur la façon d’analyser leurs impacts. Nous nous appuyons sur deux exemples tirés des industries agro-alimentaires et de l’économie numérique. Le présent article souligne l’existence d’un paradoxe : bien que les modèles d’organisation industrielle fournissent des outils pertinents pour caractériser ces abus\, évaluer leurs effets et concevoir des mesures correctives\, ils demeurent peu utilisés dans la pratique décisionnelle.

Mots-clés : Abus d'exploitation,Abus de dépendance économique
Wieser as a theorist of institutionnal change
Auteurs : Agnès Festré,Pierre Garrouste
Revue : Journal of the History of Economic Thought
Éditeur : Informa UK (Taylor & Francis)
Année : 2016

In this contribution\, we provide an interpretation of Wieser’s contribution to economics\, which pays tribute to the originality of his work\, and particularly his view of how institutions interfere with individual behavior. This interaction takes place within a disequilibrium framework where social influences such as power or social class\, and psychological factors such as force of habit or herd behavior\, are the product of human action but also constitute constraints on further action. The section 1 stresses the institutionalist background of Wieser’s economics. We concentrate on Wieser’s general method – which we assimilate to an example of Agassi’s (1975) institutional individualism – and his analysis of the emergence and evolution of institutions via the dynamics of leaders and masses. In the section 2\, we reinforce and illustrate the ‘institutionalist’ stamp of Wieser’s economics by focusing on his work on monetary economics (Wieser 1904\, 1909a\, 1909b\, 1927b) and his analysis of the emergence of money\, based on our reading of Wieser’s Social Economics (Wieser [1927a] 1967) and The Law of Power (Wieser [1926] 1983).
E-Skills\, Brains And Performance Of The Firms: ICT And Ability Of Firms To Conduct Successful Projects In Luxembourg
Auteurs : Anissa Chaibi,Adel Ben Youssef,Leila Peltier-Ben Aoun
Revue : Journal of Applied Business Research
Éditeur : Clute Institute
Année : 2015

This paper provides original empirical evidence on the causal links between e-skills\, usage of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and firm's performance using a sample of Luxembourgian manufacturing and services firms. Firm performance is measured in terms of innovation (success of new projects settled). Our main findings are: (i) there's no relationship between the absorptive technology capacity of the firm (measured by ICT staff and Training) and the probability of the implementation of successful ICT projects\, (ii) there is a positive effect of e-applications usage (ICT usage) on the probability of the implementation of successful new projects\, and (iii) there is an asymmetric effect of usage of e-commerce and e-administration confirming findings of the recent literature