GenAI4ELab/papercli-papers huggingface dataset:
VisionZip: Longer is Better but Not Necessary in Vision Language Models
Authors: Senqiao Yang; Yukang Chen; Zhuotao Tian; Chengyao Wang; Jingyao Li; Bei Yu; Jiaya Jia
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Recent advancements in vision-language models have enhanced performance by increasing the length of visual tokens, making them much longer than text tokens and significantly raising computational costs.However, we observe that the visual tokens generated by popular vision encoders, such as CLIP and SigLIP, contain significant redundancy. To address this, we introduce VisionZip, a simple yet effective method that selects a set of informative tokens for input to the language model, reducing visual token redundancy and improving efficiency while maintaining model performance. The proposed VisionZip can be widely applied to image and video understanding tasks and is well-suited for multi-turn dialogues in real-world scenarios, where previous methods tend to underperform.Experimental results show that VisionZip outperforms the previous state-of-the-art method by at least 5% performance gains across nearly all settings.Moreover, our method significantly enhances model inference speed, improving the prefilling time by 8xand enabling the LLaVA-Next 13B model to infer faster than the LLaVA-Next 7B model while achieving better results.Furthermore, we analyze the causes of this redundancy and encourage the community to focus on extracting better visual features rather than merely increasing token length. Our code is available at https://github.com/dvlab-research/VisionZip.
Simplification Is All You Need against Out-of-Distribution Overconfidence
Authors: Keke Tang; Chao Hou; Weilong Peng; Xiang Fang; Zhize Wu; Yongwei Nie; Wenping Wang; Zhihong Tian
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Deep neural networks (DNNs) often exhibit out-of-distribution (OOD) overconfidence, producing overly confident predictions on OOD samples. We attribute this issue to the inherent over-complexity of DNNs and investigate two key aspects: capacity and nonlinearity. First, we demonstrate that reducing model capacity through knowledge distillation can effectively mitigate OOD overconfidence. Second, we show that selectively reducing nonlinearity by removing ReLU operations further alleviates the issue. Building on these findings, we present a practical guide to model simplification, combining both strategies to significantly reduce OOD overconfidence. Extensive experiments validate the effectiveness of this approach in mitigating OOD overconfidence and demonstrate its superiority over state-of-the-art methods. Additionally, our simplification strategies can be combined with existing OOD detection techniques to further enhance OOD detection performance.
SpatialDreamer: Self-supervised Stereo Video Synthesis from Monocular Input
Authors: Zhen Lv; Yangqi Long; Congzhentao Huang; Cao Li; Chengfei Lv; Hao Ren; Dian Zheng
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Stereo video synthesis from monocular input is challenging in spatial computing and virtual reality due to the lack of high-quality stereo video pairs for training and the difficulty of maintaining spatio-temporal consistency between frames. Existing methods primarily address these issues by directly applying novel view synthesis (NVS) techniques to video, while facing limitations such as the inability to effectively represent dynamic scenes and the requirement for extensive training data. In this paper, we introduce a novel self-supervised stereo video synthesis paradigm via a video diffusion model, termed SpatialDreamer, which meets the challenges head-on. Firstly, to address the stereo video data insufficiency, we propose a Depth based Video Generation module DVG, which employs a forward-backward rendering mechanism to generate paired videos with geometric and temporal priors. Leveraging data generated by DVG, we propose RefinerNet along with a self-supervised synthetic framework designed to facilitate efficient and dedicated training.More importantly, we devise a consistency control module, which consists of a metric of stereo deviation strength and a Temporal Interaction Learning module TIL for geometric and temporal consistency ensurance respectively. We evaluated the proposed method against various benchmark methods, with the results showcasing its superior performance.
LOD-GS: Achieving Levels of Detail using Scalable Gaussian Soup
Authors: Jianxiong Shen; Yue Qian; Xiaohang Zhan
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Current 3D Gaussian Splatting methods often overlook structured information, leading to disorganized 3D Gaussians that compromise memory and structure efficiency, particularly in Level-of-Detail (LOD) management. This inefficiency results in excessive memory use, limiting their application in resource-sensitive environments like virtual reality and interactive simulations. To overcome these challenges, we introduce a scalable Gaussian Soup that enables high-performance LOD management with progressively reduced memory usage. Our method utilizes triangle primitives with Gaussian splats embedded and adaptive pruning/growing strategies to ensure high-quality scene rendering with significantly reduced memory demands. By embedding neural Gaussians within the triangle primitives through the triangle-MLP, we achieve further memory savings while maintaining rendering fidelity. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves consistently superior performance than recent leading techniques across various LOD while progressively reducing memory usage.
BlenderGym: Benchmarking Foundational Model Systems for Graphics Editing
Authors: Yunqi Gu; Ian Huang; Jihyeon Je; Guandao Yang; Leonidas Guibas
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: 3D graphics editing is crucial in applications like movie production and game design, yet it remains a time-consuming process that demands highly specialized domain expertise. Automating this process is challenging because graphical editing requires performing a variety of tasks, each requiring distinct skill sets. Recently, vision-language models (VLMs) have emerged as a powerful framework for automating the editing process, but their development and evaluation are bottlenecked by the lack of a comprehensive benchmark that requires human-level perception and presents real-world editing complexity. In this work, we present BlenderGym, the first comprehensive VLM system benchmark for 3D graphics editing. BlenderGym evaluates VLM systems through code-based 3D reconstruction tasks. We evaluate closed- and open-source VLM systems and observe that even the state-of-the-art VLM system struggles with tasks relatively easy for human Blender users. Enabled by BlenderGym, we study how inference scaling techniques impact VLM's performance on graphics editing tasks. Notably, our findings reveal that the verifier used to guide the scaling of generation can itself be improved through inference scaling, complementing recent insights on inference scaling of LLM generation in coding and math tasks. We further show that inference compute is not uniformly effective and can be optimized by strategically distributing it between generation and verification.
VoteFlow: Enforcing Local Rigidity in Self-Supervised Scene Flow
Authors: Yancong Lin; Shiming Wang; Liangliang Nan; Julian Kooij; Holger Caesar
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Scene flow estimation aims to recover per-point motion from two adjacent LiDAR scans. However, in real-world applications such as autonomous driving, points rarely move independently of others, especially for nearby points belonging to the same object, which often share the same motion. Incorporating this locally rigid motion constraint has been a key challenge in self-supervised scene flow estimation, which is often addressed by post-processing or appending extra regularization. While these approaches are able to improve the rigidity of predicted flows, they lack an architectural inductive bias for local rigidity within the model structure, leading to suboptimal learning efficiency and inferior performance. In contrast, we enforce local rigidity with a lightweight add-on module in neural network design, enabling end-to-end learning. We design a discretized voting space that accommodates all possible translations and then identify the one shared by nearby points by differentiable voting.  Additionally, to ensure computational efficiency, we operate on pillars rather than points and learn representative features for voting per pillar. We plug the Voting Module into popular model designs and evaluate its benefit on Argoverse 2 and Waymo datasets. We outperform baseline works with only marginal compute overhead. Code is available at https://github.com/tudelft-iv/VoteFlow.
The Devil is in Low-Level Features for Cross-Domain Few-Shot Segmentation
Authors: Yuhan Liu; Yixiong Zou; Yuhua Li; Ruixuan Li
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Cross-Domain Few-Shot Segmentation (CDFSS) is proposed to transfer the pixel-level segmentation capabilities learned from large-scale source-domain datasets to downstream target-domain datasets, with only a few annotated images per class. In this paper, we focus on a well-observed but unresolved phenomenon in CDFSS: for target domains, particularly those distant from the source domain, segmentation performance peaks at the very early epochs, and declines sharply as the source-domain training proceeds. We delve into this phenomenon for an interpretation: low-level features are vulnerable to domain shifts, leading to sharper loss landscapes during the source-domain training, which is the devil of CDFSS. Based on this phenomenon and interpretation, we further propose a method that includes two plug-and-play modules: one to flatten the loss landscapes for low-level features during source-domain training as a novel sharpness-aware minimization method, and the other to directly supplement target-domain information to the model during target-domain testing by low-level-based calibration. Extensive experiments on four target datasets validate our rationale and demonstrate that our method surpasses the state-of-the-art method in CDFSS signifcantly by 3.71% and 5.34% average MIoU in 1-shot and 5-shot scenarios, respectively.
Design2GarmentCode: Turning Design Concepts to Tangible Garments Through Program Synthesis
Authors: Feng Zhou; Ruiyang Liu; Chen Liu; Gaofeng He; Yong-Lu Li; Xiaogang Jin; Huamin Wang
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Sewing patterns, the essential blueprints for fabric cutting and tailoring, act as a crucial bridge between design concepts and producible garments. However, existing uni-modal sewing pattern generation models struggle to effectively encode complex design concepts with a multi-modal nature and correlate them with vectorized sewing patterns that possess precise geometric structures and intricate sewing relations. In this work, we propose a novel sewing pattern generation approach Design2GarmentCode based on Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), to generate parametric pattern-making programs from multi-modal design concepts. LMM offers an intuitive interface for interpreting diverse design inputs, while pattern-making programs could serve as well-structured and semantically meaningful representations of sewing patterns, and act as a robust bridge connecting the cross-domain pattern-making knowledge embedded in LMMs with vectorized sewing patterns. Experimental results demonstrate that our method can flexibly handle various complex design expressions such as images, textual descriptions, designer sketches, or their combinations, and convert them into size-precise sewing patterns with correct stitches. Compared to previous methods, our approach significantly enhances training efficiency, generation quality, and authoring flexibility. Project page: https://style3d.github.io/design2garmentcode.
Uncertainty Weighted Gradients for Model Calibration
Authors: Jinxu Lin; Linwei Tao; Minjing Dong; Chang Xu
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Model calibration is essential for ensuring that the predictions of deep neural networks accurately reflect true probabilities in real-world classification tasks. However, deep networks often produce over-confident or under-confident predictions, leading to miscalibration. Various methods have been proposed to address this issue by designing effective loss functions for calibration, such as focal loss. In this paper, we analyze its effectiveness and provide a unified loss framework of focal loss and its variants, where we mainly attribute their superiority in model calibration to the loss weighting factor that estimates sample-wise uncertainty. Based on our analysis, existing loss functions fail to achieve optimal calibration performance due to two main issues: including misalignment during optimization and insufficient precision in uncertainty estimation. Specifically, focal loss cannot align sample uncertainty with gradient scaling and the single logit cannot indicate the uncertainty. To address these issues, we reformulate the optimization from the perspective of gradients, which focuses on uncertain samples. Meanwhile, we propose using the Brier Score as the loss weight factor, which provides a more accurate uncertainty estimation via all the logits. Extensive experiments on various models and datasets demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance.
Efficient Dynamic Scene Editing via 4D Gaussian-based Static-Dynamic Separation
Authors: Joohyun Kwon; Hanbyel Cho; Junmo Kim
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Recent 4D dynamic scene editing methods require editing thousands of 2D images used for dynamic scene synthesis and updating the entire scene with additional training loops, resulting in several hours of processing to edit a single dynamic scene. Therefore, these methods are not scalable with respect to the temporal dimension of the dynamic scene (i.e., the number of timesteps). In this work, we propose Instruct-4DGS, an efficient dynamic scene editing method that is more scalable in terms of temporal dimension. To achieve computational efficiency, we leverage a 4D Gaussian representation that models a 4D dynamic scene by combining static 3D Gaussians with a Hexplane-based deformation field, which captures dynamic information. We then perform editing solely on the static 3D Gaussians, which is the minimal but sufficient component required for visual editing. To resolve the misalignment between the edited 3D Gaussians and the deformation field, which may arise from the editing process, we introduce a refinement stage using a score distillation mechanism. Extensive editing results demonstrate that Instruct-4DGS is efficient, reducing editing time by more than half compared to existing methods while achieving high-quality edits that better follow user instructions.
Unlearning through Knowledge Overwriting: Reversible Federated Unlearning via Selective Sparse Adapter
Authors: Zhengyi Zhong; Weidong Bao; Ji Wang; Shuai Zhang; Jingxuan Zhou; Lingjuan Lyu; Wei Yang Bryan Lim
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Federated Learning is a promising paradigm for privacy-preserving collaborative model training. In practice, it is essential not only to continuously train the model to acquire new knowledge but also to guarantee old knowledge the right to be forgotten (i.e., federated unlearning), especially for privacy-sensitive information or harmful knowledge. However, current federated unlearning methods face several challenges, including indiscriminate unlearning of cross-client knowledge, irreversibility of unlearning, and significant unlearning costs. To this end, we propose a method named FUSED, which first identifies critical layers by analyzing each layer's sensitivity to knowledge and constructs sparse unlearning adapters for sensitive ones. Then, the adapters are trained without altering the original parameters, overwriting the unlearning knowledge with the remaining knowledge. This knowledge overwriting process enables FUSED to mitigate the effects of indiscriminate unlearning. Moreover, the introduction of independent adapters makes unlearning reversible and significantly reduces the unlearning costs. Finally, extensive experiments on five datasets across three unlearning scenarios demonstrate that FUSED's effectiveness is comparable to Retraining, surpassing all other baselines while greatly reducing unlearning costs.
SocialMOIF: Multi-Order Intention Fusion for Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction
Authors: Kai Chen; Xiaodong Zhao; Yujie Huang; Guoyu Fang; Xiao Song; Ruiping Wang; Ziyuan Wang
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: The analysis and prediction of agent trajectories are crucial for decision-making processes in intelligent systems, with precise short-term trajectory forecasting being highly significant across a range of applications. Agents and their social interactions have been quantified and modeled by researchers from various perspectives; however, substantial limitations exist in the current work due to the inherent high uncertainty of agent intentions and the complex higher-order influences among neighboring groups. SocialMOIF is proposed to tackle these challenges, concentrating on the higher-order intention interactions among neighboring groups while reinforcing the primary role of first-order intention interactions between neighbors and the target agent. This method develops a multi-order intention fusion model to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of both direct and indirect intention information. Within SocialMOIF, a trajectory distribution approximator is designed to guide the trajectories toward values that align more closely with the actual data, thereby enhancing model interpretability. Furthermore, a global trajectory optimizer is introduced to enable more accurate and efficient parallel predictions. By incorporating a novel loss function that accounts for distance and direction during training, experimental results demonstrate that the model outperforms previous state-of-the-art baselines across multiple metrics in both dynamic and static datasets.
FFaceNeRF: Few-shot Face Editing in Neural Radiance Fields
Authors: Kwan Yun; Chaelin Kim; Hangyeul Shin; Junyong Noh
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Recent 3D face editing methods using masks have produced high-quality edited images by leveraging Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF). Despite their impressive performance, existing methods often provide limited user control due to the use of pre-trained segmentation masks. To utilize masks with a desired layout, an extensive training dataset is required, which is challenging to gather. We present FFaceNeRF, a NeRF-based face editing technique that can overcome the challenge of limited user control due to the use of fixed mask layouts. Our method employs a geometry adapter with feature injection, allowing for effective manipulation of geometry attributes. Additionally, we adopt latent mixing for tri-plane augmentation, which enables training with a few samples. This facilitates rapid model adaptation to desired mask layouts, crucial for applications in fields like personalized medical imaging or creative face editing. Our comparative evaluations demonstrate that FFaceNeRF surpasses existing mask based face editing methods in terms of flexibility, control, and generated image quality, paving the way for future advancements in customized and high-fidelity 3D face editing.
Discrete to Continuous: Generating Smooth Transition Poses from Sign Language Observations
Authors: Shengeng Tang; Jiayi He; Lechao Cheng; Jingjing Wu; Dan Guo; Richang Hong
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Generating continuous sign language videos from discrete segments is challenging due to the need for smooth transitions that preserve natural flow and meaning. Traditional approaches that simply concatenate isolated signs often result in abrupt transitions, disrupting video coherence. To address this, we propose a novel framework, Sign-D2C, that employs a conditional diffusion model to synthesize contextually smooth transition frames, enabling the seamless construction of continuous sign language sequences. Our approach transforms the unsupervised problem of transition frame generation into a supervised training task by simulating the absence of transition frames through random masking of segments in long-duration sign videos. The model learns to predict these masked frames by denoising Gaussian noise, conditioned on the surrounding sign observations, allowing it to handle complex, unstructured transitions. During inference, we apply a linearly interpolating padding strategy that initializes missing frames through interpolation between boundary frames, providing a stable foundation for iterative refinement by the diffusion model. Extensive experiments on the PHOENIX14T, USTC-CSL100, and USTC-SLR500 datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in producing continuous, natural sign language videos.
HistoFS: Non-IID Histopathologic Whole Slide Image Classification via Federated Style Transfer with RoI-Preserving
Authors: Farchan Hakim Raswa; Chun-Shien Lu; Jia-Ching Wang
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: Federated learning for pathological whole slide image (WSI) classification allows multiple clients to train a global multiple instance learning (MIL) model without sharing their privacy-sensitive WSIs. To accommodate the non-independent and identically distributed (non-i.i.d.) feature shifts, cross-client style transfer has been popularly used but is subject to two fundamental issues: (1) WSI contains multiple morphological structures, each corresponding to a distinct style. (2) Performing style transfer may potentially shift the region of interests (RoIs) in the augmented WSIs. To address these challenges, we propose HistoFS, a federated learning framework for computational pathology on non-i.i.d. feature shifts in WSI classification. Specifically, we introduce pseudo bag styles that capture multiple style variations within a single WSI. In addition, an authenticity module is introduced to ensure that RoIs are preserved, allowing local models to learn WSIs with diverse styles while maintaining essential RoIs. Extensive experiments validate the superiority of HistoFS over state-of-the-art methods on three clinical datasets. Our code is available at https://lalakitchen.github.io/HistoFS/.
Unified Medical Lesion Segmentation via Self-referring Indicator
Authors: Shijie Chang; Xiaoqi Zhao; Lihe Zhang; Tiancheng Wang
Venue: CVPR 2025 (main)

Abstract: The recently emerged in-context-learning-based (ICL-based) models have the potential towards the unification of medical lesion segmentation. However, due to their cross-fusion designs, existing ICL-based unified segmentation models fail to accurately localize lesions with low-matched reference sets. Considering that the query itself can be regarded as a high-matched reference, which better indicates the target, we design a self-referencing mechanism that adaptively extracts self-referring indicator vectors from the query based on coarse predictions, thus effectively overcoming the negative impact caused by low-match reference sets. To further facilitate the self-referring mechanism, we introduce reference indicator generation to efficiently extract reference information for coarse predictions instead of using cross-fusion modules, which heavily rely on reference sets. Our designs successfully address the challenges of applying ICL to unified medical lesion segmentation, forming a novel framework named SR-ICL. Our method achieves state-of-the-art results on 8 medical lesion segmentation tasks with only 4 image-mask pairs as reference. Notably, SR-ICL still accomplishes remarkable performance even when using weak reference annotations such as boxes and points, and maintains fixed and low memory consumption even if more tasks are combined. We hope that SR-ICL can provide new insights for the clinical application of medical lesion segmentation.