GenAI4ELab/papercli-papers huggingface dataset:
Kestrel: 3D Multimodal LLM for Part-Aware Grounded Description
Authors: Mahmoud Ahmed; Junjie Fei; Jian Ding; Eslam Mohamed Bakr; Mohamed Elhoseiny
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: In this paper, we introduce Part-Aware Point Grounded Description (PaPGD), a challenging task aimed at advancing 3D multimodal learning for fine-grained, part-aware segmentation grounding and detailed explanation of 3D objects. Existing 3D datasets largely focus on either vision-only part segmentation or vision-language scene segmentation, lacking the fine-grained multimodal segmentation needed for robotic navigation and interaction in real-world environments. To address this gap, we present the 3DCoMPaT Grounded Instructions (3DCoMPaT-GrIn) Dataset, a comprehensive resource that pairs rich point cloud descriptions with corresponding part-level segmentation masks. This dataset encompasses extensive samples designed for both PaPGD and fine-grained single-part grounding tasks. To tackle the inherent challenges of grounding objects and generating grounded descriptions at the part level, we propose Kestrel, a part-aware 3D multimodal large language model that integrates an advanced language model for nuanced language comprehension with multi-level point feature propagation and query refinement mechanism to enhance spatial reasoning at the part level. The extensive experiments demonstrate that Kestrel effectively bridges the gap between part-aware language understanding and 3D segmentation grounding, paving the way for more robust and interpretable 3D object comprehension that meets the demands of real-world robotic applications.
Precise Action-to-Video Generation Through Visual Action Prompts
Authors: Yuang Wang; Chao Wen; Haoyu Guo; Sida Peng; Minghan Qin; Hujun Bao; Xiaowei Zhou; Ruizhen Hu
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: We present visual action prompts, a unified action representation for action-to-video generation of complex high-DoF interactions while maintaining transferable visual dynamics across domains. Action-driven video generation faces a precision-generality tradeoff: existing methods using text, primitive actions, or coarse masks offer generality but lack precision, while agent-centric action signals provide precision at the cost of cross-domain transferability. To balance action precision and dynamic transferability, we propose to "render" actions into precise visual prompts as domain-agnostic representations that preserve both geometric precision and cross-domain adaptability for complex actions; specifically, we choose visual skeletons for its generality and accessibility. We propose robust pipelines to construct skeletons from two interaction-rich data sources -- human-object interactions (HOI) and dexterous robotic manipulation -- enabling cross-domain training of action-driven generative models. By integrating visual skeletons into pretrained video generation models via lightweight fine-tuning, we enable precise action control of complex interaction while preserving the learning of cross-domain dynamics. Experiments on EgoVid, RT-1 and DROID demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
QuickSplat: Fast 3D Surface Reconstruction via Learned Gaussian Initialization
Authors: Yueh-Cheng Liu; Lukas Höllein; Matthias Nießner; Angela Dai
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Surface reconstruction is fundamental to computer vision and graphics, enabling applications in 3D modeling, mixed reality, robotics, and more. Existing approaches based on volumetric rendering obtain promising results, but optimize on a per-scene basis, resulting in a slow optimization that can struggle to model under-observed or textureless regions. We introduce QuickSplat, which learns data-driven priors to generate dense initializations for 2D gaussian splatting optimization of large-scale indoor scenes. This provides a strong starting point for the reconstruction, which accelerates the convergence of the optimization and improves the geometry of flat wall structures. We further learn to jointly estimate the densification and update of the scene parameters during each iteration; our proposed densifier network predicts new Gaussians based on the rendering gradients of existing ones, removing the needs of heuristics for densification. Extensive experiments on large-scale indoor scene reconstruction demonstrate the superiority of our data-driven optimization. Concretely, we accelerate runtime by 8x, while decreasing depth errors by 48% in comparison to state of the art methods.
EquiCaps: Predictor-Free Pose-Aware Pre-Trained Capsule Networks
Authors: Athinoulla Konstantinou; Georgios Leontidis; Mamatha Thota; Aiden Durrant
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Learning self-supervised representations that are invariant and equivariant to transformations is crucial for advancing beyond traditional visual classification tasks. However, many methods rely on predictor architectures to encode equivariance, despite evidence that architectural choices, such as capsule networks, inherently excel at learning interpretable pose-aware representations. To explore this, we introduce EquiCaps (Equivariant Capsule Network), a capsule-based approach to pose-aware self-supervision that eliminates the need for a specialised predictor for enforcing equivariance. Instead, we leverage the intrinsic pose-awareness capabilities of capsules to improve performance in pose estimation tasks. To further challenge our assumptions, we increase task complexity via multi-geometric transformations to enable a more thorough evaluation of invariance and equivariance by introducing 3DIEBench-T, an extension of a 3D object-rendering benchmark dataset. Empirical results demonstrate that EquiCaps outperforms prior state-of-the-art equivariant methods on geometric tasks, including rotation and translation, achieving a supervised-level R^2 of 0.78 on the 3DIEBench rotation prediction benchmark and improving upon SIE and CapsIE by 0.05 and 0.04 R^2, respectively. Moreover, in contrast to non-capsule-based equivariant approaches, EquiCaps maintains robust equivariant performance under combined geometric transformations, underscoring its generalisation capabilities and the promise of predictor-free capsule architectures. Code, dataset, and weights are released at http://github.com/AberdeenML/EquiCaps.
Feature Decomposition-Recomposition in Large Vision-Language Model for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning
Authors: Zongyao Xue; Meina Kan; Shiguang Shan; Xilin Chen
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning (FSCIL) focuses on incrementally learning novel classes using only a limited number of samples from novel classes, which faces dual challenges: catastrophic forgetting of previously learned classes and over-fitting to novel classes with few available samples. Recent advances in large pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, provide rich feature representations that generalize well across diverse classes. Therefore, freezing the pre-trained backbone and aggregating class features as prototypes becomes an intuitive and effective way to mitigate catastrophic forgetting.However, this strategy fails to address the overfitting challenge, and the prototypes of novel classes exhibit semantic bias due to the few samples per class. To address these limitations, we propose a semantic Feature Decomposition-Recomposition (FDR)  method based on VLMs. Firstly, we decompose the CLIP features into semantically distinct segments guided by text keywords from base classes. Then, these segments are adaptively recomposed at the attribute level given text descriptions, forming calibrated prototypes for novel classes. The recomposition process operates linearly at the attribute level but induces nonlinear adjustments across the entire prototype. This fine-grained and non-linear recomposition inherits the generalization capabilities of VLMs and the adaptive recomposition ability of base classes, leading to enhanced performance in FSCIL. Extensive experiments demonstrate our method's effectiveness, particularly in 1-shot scenarios where it achieves improvements between 6.70% and 19.66% for novel classes over state-of-the-art baselines on CUB200.
Taming Flow Matching with Unbalanced Optimal Transport into Fast Pansharpening
Authors: Zihan Cao; Yu Zhong; Liang-Jian Deng
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Pansharpening, a pivotal task in remote sensing for fusing high-resolution panchromatic and multispectral imagery, has garnered significant research interest. Recent advancements employing diffusion models based on stochastic differential equations (SDEs) have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance. However, the inherent multi-step sampling process of SDEs imposes substantial computational overhead, hindering practical deployment. While existing methods adopt efficient samplers, knowledge distillation, or retraining to reduce sampling steps (e.g., from 1,000 to fewer steps), such approaches often compromise fusion quality.In this work, we propose the Optimal Transport Flow Matching (OTFM) framework, which integrates the dual formulation of unbalanced optimal transport (UOT) to achieve one-step, high-quality pansharpening. Unlike conventional OT formulations that enforce rigid distribution alignment, UOT relaxes marginal constraints to enhance modeling flexibility, accommodating the intrinsic spectral and spatial disparities in remote sensing data. Furthermore, we incorporate task-specific regularization into the UOT objective, enhancing the robustness of the flow model.The OTFM framework enables simulation-free training and single-step inference while maintaining strict adherence to pansharpening constraints. Experimental evaluations across multiple datasets demonstrate that OTFM matches or exceeds the performance of previous regression-based models and leading diffusion-based methods while only needing one sampling step.
Learning to Unlearn while Retaining: Combating Gradient Conflicts in Machine Unlearning
Authors: Gaurav Patel; Qiang Qiu
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Machine Unlearning has recently garnered significant attention, aiming to selectively remove knowledge associated with specific data while preserving the model's performance on the remaining data. A fundamental challenge in this process is balancing effective unlearning with knowledge retention, as naive optimization of these competing objectives can lead to conflicting gradients, hindering convergence and degrading overall performance. To address this issue, we propose Learning to Unlearn while Retaining, aimed to mitigate gradient conflicts between unlearning and retention objectives. Our approach strategically avoids conflicts through an implicit gradient regularization mechanism that emerges naturally within the proposed framework. This prevents conflicting gradients between unlearning and retention, leading to effective unlearning while preserving the model's utility. We validate our approach across both discriminative and generative tasks, demonstrating its effectiveness in achieving unlearning without compromising performance on remaining data. Our results highlight the advantages of avoiding such gradient conflicts, outperforming existing methods that fail to account for these interactions.
Scaling and Taming Adversarial Training with Synthetic Data
Authors: Juntao Wu; Xianting Huang; Yu Chen; Shuai Pang; Ke Wang
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Despite the success of adversarial training on small datasets, applying it to large-scale datasets like ImageNet remains challenging. Previous attempts using synthetic data show limited improvements. This work investigates the impact of synthetic data scaling, model scaling, and training strategies on adversarial training with ImageNet, providing deeper insights into large-scale robustness. During the process, we observe a notable phenomenon of loss oscillation, leading to adversarial overfitting, and propose strategies to mitigate it. Experimental results show that, under AutoAttack on ImageNet-1K, our method achieves a robust accuracy of 71.54%. Our findings highlight the crucial role of synthetic data and model scaling in enhancing adversarial robustness on large-scale benchmarks and provide a new direction for training robust visual representations at scale.
FramePainter: Endowing Interactive Image Editing with Video Diffusion Priors
Authors: Yabo Zhang; Xinpeng Zhou; Yihan Zeng; Hang Xu; Hui Li; Wangmeng Zuo
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Interactive image editing allows users to modify images through visual interaction operations such as drawing, clicking, and dragging. Existing methods construct such supervision signals from videos, as they capture how objects change with various physical interactions. However, these models are usually built upon text-to-image diffusion models, so they either rely on slow optimization-based inference, or necessitate (i) massive training samples and (ii) an additional reference encoder to learn real-world dynamics and visual consistency. In this paper, we reformulate this task as an image-to-video generation problem, so that inherit powerful video diffusion priors to reduce training costs and ensure temporal consistency. Specifically, we introduce FramePainter as an efficient instantiation of this formulation. Initialized with Stable Video Diffusion, it only uses a lightweight sparse control encoder to inject editing signals. Considering the limitations of temporal attention in handling large motion between two frames, we further propose matching attention to enlarge the receptive field while encouraging dense correspondence between edited and source image tokens. We highlight the effectiveness and efficiency of FramePainter across various of editing signals: it domainantly outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods with far less training data, achieving highly seamless and coherent editing of images, e.g., automatically adjust the reflection of the cup. Moreover, FramePainter also exhibits exceptional generalization in scenarios not present in real-world videos, e.g., transform the clownfish into shark-like shape. Our code is available at https://github.com/YBYBZhang/FramePainter.
MetaScope: Optics-Driven Neural Network for Ultra-Micro Metalens Endoscopy
Authors: Wuyang Li; Wentao Pan; Xiaoyuan Liu; Zhendong Luo; Chenxin Li; Hengyu Liu; Din Ping Tsai; Mu Ku Chen; Yixuan Yuan
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Miniaturized endoscopy has advanced accurate visual perception within the human body. Prevailing research remains limited to conventional cameras employing convex lenses, where the physical constraints with millimetre-scale thickness impose serious impediments on the micro-level clinical. Recently, with the emergence of meta-optics, ultra-micro imaging based on metalenses (micron-scale) has garnered great attention, serving as a promising solution. However, due to the physical difference of metalens, there is a large gap in data acquisition and algorithm research. In light of this, we aim to bridge this unexplored gap, advancing the novel metalens endoscopy. First, we establish datasets for metalens endoscopy and conduct preliminary optical simulation, identifying two derived optical issues that physically adhere to strong optical priors. Second, we propose MetaScope, a novel optics-driven neural network tailored for metalens endoscopy driven by physical optics. MetaScope comprises two novel designs: Optics-informed Intensity Adjustment (OIA), rectifying intensity decay by learning optical embeddings, and Optics-informed Chromatic Correction (OCC), mitigating chromatic aberration by learning spatial deformations informed by learned Point Spread Function (PSF) distributions. To enhance joint learning, we further deploy a gradient-guided distillation to transfer knowledge from the foundational model adaptively. Extensive experiments demonstrate that MetaScope not only outperforms state-of-the-art methods in both metalens segmentation and restoration but also achieves impressive generalized ability in real biomedical scenes.
Removing Cost Volumes from Optical Flow Estimators
Authors: Simon Kiefhaber; Stefan Roth; Simone Schaub-Meyer
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Cost volumes are used in every modern optical flow estimator, but due to their computational and space complexity, they are often a limiting factor regarding both processing speed and the resolution of input frames. Motivated by our empirical observation that cost volumes lose their importance once all other network parts of, e.g., a RAFT-based pipeline have been sufficiently trained, we introduce a training strategy that allows removing the cost volume from optical flow estimators throughout training. This leads to significantly improved inference speed and reduced memory requirements. Using our training strategy, we create three different models covering different compute budgets. Our most accurate model reaches state-of-the-art accuracy while being 1.2xfaster and having a 6xlower memory footprint than comparable models; our fastest model is capable of processing Full HD frames at 20\,\mathrm FPS  using only 500\,\mathrm MB  of GPU memory.
SparseRecon: Neural Implicit Surface Reconstruction from Sparse Views with Feature and Depth Consistencies
Authors: Liang Han; Xu Zhang; Haichuan Song; Kanle Shi; Yu-Shen Liu; Zhizhong Han
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Surface reconstruction from sparse views aims to reconstruct a 3D shape or scene from few RGB images. The latest methods are either generalization-based or overfitting-based. However, the generalization-based methods do not generalize well on views that were unseen during training, while the reconstruction quality of overfitting-based methods is still limited by the limited geometry clues. To address this issue, we propose SparseRecon, a novel neural implicit reconstruction method for sparse views with volume rendering-based feature consistency and uncertainty-guided depth constraint. Firstly, we introduce a feature consistency loss across views to constrain the neural implicit field. This design alleviates the ambiguity caused by insufficient consistency information of views and ensures completeness and smoothness in the reconstruction results. Secondly, we employ an uncertainty-guided depth constraint to back up the feature consistency loss in areas with occlusion and insignificant features, which recovers geometry details for better reconstruction quality. Experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, which can produce high-quality geometry with sparse-view input, especially in the scenarios with small overlapping views. Project page: https://hanl2010.github.io/SparseRecon/.
LMM4LMM: Benchmarking and Evaluating Large-multimodal Image Generation with LMMs
Authors: Jiarui Wang; Huiyu Duan; Yu Zhao; Juntong Wang; Guangtao Zhai; Xiongkuo Min
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Recent breakthroughs in large multimodal models (LMMs) have significantly advanced both text-to-image (T2I) generation and image-to-text (I2T) interpretation. However, many generated images still suffer from issues related to perceptual quality and text-image alignment. Given the high cost and inefficiency of manual evaluation, an automatic metric that aligns with human preferences is desirable. To this end, we present EvalMi-50K, a comprehensive dataset and benchmark for evaluating large-multimodal image generation,which features (i) comprehensive tasks, encompassing 2,100 extensive prompts across 20 fine-grained task dimensions, and (ii) large-scale human-preference annotations, including 100K mean-opinion scores (MOSs) and 50K question-answering (QA) pairs annotated on 50,400 images generated from 24 T2I models.Based on EvalMi-50K, we propose LMM4LMM, an LMM-based metric for evaluating large multimodal T2I generation from multiple dimensions including perceptual quality, text-image correspondence, and task-specific accuracy.Extensive experimental results show that LMM4LMM achieves state-of-the-art performance on EvalMi-50K, and exhibits strong generalization ability on other AI-generated image evaluation benchmark datasets, manifesting the generality of both the EvalMi-50K dataset and LMM4LMM metric. Both EvalMi-50K and LMM4LMM will be released at https://github.com/IntMeGroup/LMM4LMM.
Leveraging the Power of MLLMs for Gloss-Free Sign Language Translation
Authors: Jungeun Kim; Hyeongwoo Jeon; Jongseong Bae; Ha Young Kim
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Sign language translation (SLT) is a challenging task that involves translating sign language images into spoken language. For SLT models to perform this task successfully, they must bridge the modality gap and identify subtle variations in sign language components to understand their meanings accurately. To address these challenges, we propose a novel gloss-free SLT framework called Multimodal Sign Language Translation (MMSLT), which leverages the representational capabilities of off-the-shelf multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Specifically, we use MLLMs to generate detailed textual descriptions of sign language components. Then, through our proposed multimodal-language pre-training module, we integrate these description features with sign video features to align them within the spoken sentence space. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance on benchmark datasets PHOENIX14T and CSL-Daily, highlighting the potential of MLLMs to be utilized effectively in SLT. Code is available at https://github.com/helpmeIamnewbie/MMSLT.
Cross-modal Ship Re-Identification via Optical and SAR Imagery: A Novel Dataset and Method
Authors: Han Wang; Shengyang Li; Jian Yang; Yuxuan Liu; Yixuan Lv; Zhuang Zhou
Venue: ICCV 2025 (main)

Abstract: Detecting and tracking ground objects using earth observation imagery remains a significant challenge in the field of remote sensing. Continuous maritime ship tracking is crucial for applications such as maritime search and rescue, law enforcement, and shipping analysis. However, most current ship tracking methods rely on geostationary satellites or video satellites. The former offer low resolution and are susceptible to weather conditions, while the latter have short filming durations and limited coverage areas, making them less suitable for the real-world requirements of ship tracking. To address these limitations, we present the Hybrid Optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Ship Re-Identification Dataset (HOSS ReID dataset), designed to evaluate the effectiveness of ship tracking using low-Earth orbit constellations of optical and SAR sensors. This approach ensures shorter re-imaging cycles and enables all-weather tracking. HOSS ReID dataset includes images of the same ship captured over extended periods under diverse conditions, using different satellites of different modalities at varying times and angles. Furthermore, we propose a baseline method for cross-modal ship re-identification, TransOSS, which is built on the Vision Transformer architecture. It refines the patch embedding structure to better accommodate cross-modal tasks, incorporates additional embeddings to introduce more reference information, and employs contrastive learning to pre-train on large-scale optical-SAR image pairs, ensuring the model's ability to extract modality-invariant features. Our dataset and baseline method are publicly available on https://github.com/Alioth2000/Hoss-ReID.