GenAI4ELab/papercli-papers huggingface dataset:
PointCLM: A Contrastive Learning-Based Framework for Multi-Instance Point Cloud Registration
Authors: Mingzhi Yuan; Zhihao Li; Qiuye Jin; Xinrong Chen; Manning Wang
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "Multi-instance point cloud registration is the problem of estimating multiple poses of source point cloud instances within a target point cloud. Solving this problem is challenging since inlier correspondences of one instance constitute outliers of all the other instances. Existing methods often rely on time-consuming hypothesis sampling or features leveraging spatial consistency, resulting in limited performance. In this paper, we propose PointCLM, a contrastive learning-based framework for mutli-instance point cloud registration. We first utilize contrastive learning to learn well-distributed deep representations for the input putative correspondences. Then based on these representations, we propose a outlier pruning strategy and a clustering strategy to efficiently remove outliers and assign the remaining correspondences to correct instances. Our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on both synthetic and real datasets by a large margin."
Weakly Supervised Object Localization via Transformer with Implicit Spatial Calibration
Authors: Haotian Bai; Ruimao Zhang; Jiong Wang; Xiang Wan
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "Weakly Supervised Object Localization (WSOL), which aims to localize objects by only using image-level labels, has attracted much attention because of its low annotation cost in real applications. Recent studies leverage the advantage of self-attention in visual Transformer for long-range dependency to re-active semantic regions, aiming to avoid partial activation in traditional class activation mapping (CAM). However, the long-range modeling in Transformer neglects the inherent spatial coherence of the object, and it usually diffuses the semantic-aware regions far from the object boundary, making localization results significantly larger or far smaller. To address such an issue, we introduce a simple yet effective Spatial Calibration Module (SCM) for accurate WSOL, incorporating semantic similarities of patch tokens and their spatial relationships into a unified diffusion model. Specifically, we introduce a learnable parameter to dynamically adjust the semantic correlations and spatial context intensities for effective information propagation. In practice, SCM is designed as an external module of Transformer, and can be removed during inference to reduce the computation cost. The object-sensitive localization ability is implicitly embedded into the Transformer encoder through optimization in the training phase. It enables the generated attention maps to capture the sharper object boundaries and filter the object-irrelevant background area. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which significantly outperforms its counterpart TS-CAM on both CUB-200 and ImageNet-1K benchmarks. The code is available at https://github.com/164140757/SCM."
MTTrans: Cross-Domain Object Detection with Mean Teacher Transformer
Authors: Jinze Yu; Jiaming Liu; Xiaobao Wei; Haoyi Zhou; Yohei Nakata; Denis Gudovskiy; Tomoyuki Okuno; Jianxin Li; Kurt Keutzer; Shanghang Zhang
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "Recently, DEtection TRansformer (DETR), an end-to-end object detection pipeline, has achieved promising performance. However, it requires large-scale labeled data and suffers from domain shift, especially when no labeled data is available in the target domain. To solve this problem, we propose an end-to-end cross-domain detection Transformer based on the mean teacher framework, MTTrans, which can fully exploit unlabeled target domain data in object detection training and transfer knowledge between domains via pseudo labels. We further propose the comprehensive multi-level feature alignment to improve the pseudo labels generated by the mean teacher framework taking advantage of the cross-scale self-attention mechanism in Deformable DETR. Image and object features are aligned at the local, global, and instance levels with domain query-based feature alignment (DQFA), bi-level graph-based prototype alignment (BGPA), and token-wise image feature alignment (TIFA). On the other hand, the unlabeled target domain data pseudo-labeled and available for the object detection training by the mean teacher framework can lead to better feature extraction and alignment. Thus, the mean teacher framework and the comprehensive multi-level feature alignment can be optimized iteratively and mutually based on the architecture of Transformers. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance in three domain adaptation scenarios, especially the result of Sim10k to Cityscapes scenario is remarkably improved from 52.6 mAP to 57.9 mAP. Code will be released."
Multi-Domain Multi-Definition Landmark Localization for Small Datasets
Authors: David Ferman; Gaurav Bharaj
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "We present a novel method for multi image domain and multi-landmark definition learning for small dataset facial localization. Training a small dataset alongside a large(r) dataset helps with robust learning for the former, and provides a universal mechanism for facial landmark localization for new and/or smaller standard datasets. To this end, we propose a Vision Transformer encoder with a novel decoder with a definition agnostic shared landmark semantic group structured prior, that is learnt, as we train on more than one dataset concurrently. Due to our novel definition agnostic group prior the datasets may vary in landmark definitions and domains. During the decoder stage we use cross- and self-attention, whose output is later fed into domain/definition specific heads that minimize a Laplacian-log-likelihood loss. We achieve state-of-the-art performance on standard landmark localization datasets such as COFW and WFLW, when trained with a bigger dataset. We also show state-of-the-art performance on several varied image domain small datasets for animals, caricatures, and facial portrait paintings. Further, we contribute a small dataset (150 images) of pareidolias to show efficacy of our method. Finally, we provide several analysis and ablation studies to justify our claims."
DEVIANT: Depth EquiVarIAnt NeTwork for Monocular 3D Object Detection
Authors: Abhinav Kumar; Garrick Brazil; Enrique Corona; Armin Parchami; Xiaoming Liu
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "Modern neural networks use building blocks such as convolutions that are equivariant to arbitrary 2D translations. However, these vanilla blocks are not equivariant to arbitrary 3D translations in the projective manifold. Even then, all monocular 3D detectors use vanilla blocks to obtain the 3D coordinates, a task for which the vanilla blocks are not designed for. This paper takes the first step towards convolutions equivariant to arbitrary 3D translations in the projective manifold. Since the depth is the hardest to estimate for monocular detection, this paper proposes Depth EquiVarIAnt NeTwork (DEVIANT) built with existing scale equivariant steerable blocks. As a result, DEVIANT is equivariant to the depth translations in the projective manifold whereas vanilla networks are not. The additional depth equivariance forces the DEVIANT to learn consistent depth estimates, and therefore, DEVIANT achieves state-of-the-art monocular 3D detection results on KITTI and Waymo datasets in the image-only category and performs competitively to methods using extra information. Moreover, DEVIANT works better than vanilla networks in cross-dataset evaluation."
Label-Guided Auxiliary Training Improves 3D Object Detector
Authors: Yaomin Huang; Xinmei Liu; Yichen Zhu; Zhiyuan Xu; Chaomin Shen; Zhengping Che; Guixu Zhang; Yaxin Peng; Feifei Feng; Jian Tang
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "Detecting 3D objects from point clouds is a practical yet challenging task that has attracted increasing attention recently. In this paper, we propose a Label-Guided auxiliary training method for 3D object detection (LG3D), which serves as an auxiliary network to enhance the feature learning of existing 3D object detectors. Specifically, we propose two novel modules: a Label-Annotation-Inducer that maps annotations and point clouds in bounding boxes to task-specific representations and a Label-Knowledge-Mapper that assists the original features to obtain detection-critical representations. The proposed auxiliary network is discarded in inference and thus has no extra computational cost at test time. We conduct extensive experiments on both indoor and outdoor datasets to verify the effectiveness of our approach. For example, our proposed LG3D improves VoteNet by 2.5\% and 3.1\% mAP on the SUN RGB-D and ScanNetV2 datasets, respectively. The code is available at https://github.com/FabienCode/LG3D."
PromptDet: Towards Open-Vocabulary Detection Using Uncurated Images
Authors: Chengjian Feng; Yujie Zhong; Zequn Jie; Xiangxiang Chu; Haibing Ren; Xiaolin Wei; Weidi Xie; Lin Ma
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "The goal of this work is to establish a scalable pipeline for expanding an object detector towards novel/unseen categories, using zero manual annotations. To achieve that, we make the following four contributions: (i) in pursuit of generalisation, we propose a two-stage open-vocabulary object detector, where the class-agnostic object proposals are classified with a text encoder from pre-trained visual-language model; (ii) To pair the visual latent space (of RPN box proposals) with that of the pre-trained text encoder, we propose the idea of regional prompt learning to align the textual embedding space with regional visual object features; (iii) To scale up the learning procedure towards detecting a wider spectrum of objects, we exploit the available online resource via a novel self-training framework, which allows to train the proposed detector on a large corpus of noisy uncurated web images. Lastly, (iv) to evaluate our proposed detector, termed as PromptDet, we conduct extensive experiments on the challenging LVIS and MS-COCO dataset. PromptDet shows superior performance over existing approaches with fewer additional training images and zero manual annotations whatsoever. Project page with code: https://fcjian.github.io/promptdet."
Densely Constrained Depth Estimator for Monocular 3D Object Detection
Authors: Yingyan Li; Yuntao Chen; Jiawei He; Zhaoxiang Zhang
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "Estimating accurate 3D locations of objects from monocular images is a challenging problem because of lacking depth. Previous work shows that utilizing the object’s keypoint projection constraints to estimate multiple depth candidates boosts the detection performance. However, the existing methods can only utilize vertical edges as projection constraints for depth estimation. So these methods only use a small number of projection constraints and produce insufficient depth candidates, leading to inaccurate depth estimation. In this paper, we propose a method that utilizes dense projection constraints from edges of any direction. In this way, we employ much more projection constraints and produce considerable depth candidates. Besides, we present a graph matching weighting module to merge the depth candidates. The proposed method DCD (Densely Constrained Detector) achieves state-of-the-art performance on the KITTI and WOD benchmarks. Code is released at https://github.com/BraveGroup/DCD."
Polarimetric Pose Prediction
Authors: Daoyi Gao; Yitong Li; Patrick Ruhkamp; Iuliia Skobleva; Magdalena Wysocki; HyunJun Jung; Pengyuan Wang; Arturo Guridi; Benjamin Busam
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "Light has many properties that vision sensors can passively measure. Colour-band separated wavelength and intensity are arguably the most commonly used for monocular 6D object pose estimation. This paper explores how complementary polarisation information, i.e. the orientation of light wave oscillations, influences the accuracy of pose predictions. A hybrid model that leverages physical priors jointly with a data-driven learning strategy is designed and carefully tested on objects with different levels of photometric complexity. Our design significantly improves the pose accuracy compared to state-of-the-art photometric approaches and enables object pose estimation for highly reflective and transparent objects. A new multi-modal instance-level 6D object pose dataset with highly accurate pose annotations for multiple objects with varying photometric complexity is introduced as a benchmark."
DFNet: Enhance Absolute Pose Regression with Direct Feature Matching
Authors: Shuai Chen; Xinghui Li; Zirui Wang; Victor Adrian Prisacariu
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "We introduce a camera relocalization pipeline that combines absolute pose regression (APR) and direct feature matching. By incorporating exposure-adaptive novel view synthesis, our method successfully addresses photometric distortions in outdoor environments that existing photometric-based methods fail to handle. With domain-invariant feature matching, our solution improves pose regression accuracy using semi-supervised learning on unlabeled data. In particular, the pipeline consists of two components: Novel View Synthesizer and DFNet. The former synthesizes novel views compensating for changes in exposure and the latter regresses camera poses and extracts robust features that close the domain gap between real images and synthetic ones. Furthermore, we introduce an online synthetic data generation scheme. We show that these approaches effectively enhance camera pose estimation both in indoor and outdoor scenes. Hence, our method achieves a state-of-the-art accuracy by outperforming existing single-image APR methods by as much as 56%, comparable to 3D structure-based methods."
Cornerformer: Purifying Instances for Corner-Based Detectors
Authors: Haoran Wei; Xin Chen; Lingxi Xie; Qi Tian
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "Corner-based object detectors enjoy the potential of detecting arbitrarily-sized instances, yet the performance is mainly harmed by the accuracy of instance construction. Specifically, there are three factors, namely, 1) the corner keypoints are prone to false-positives; 2) incorrect matches emerge upon corner keypoint pull-push embeddings; and 3) the heuristic NMS cannot adjust the corners pull-push mechanism. Accordingly, this paper presents an elegant framework named Cornerformer that is composed of two factors. First, we build a Corner Transformer Encoder (CTE, a self-attention module) in a 2D-form to enhance the information aggregated by corner keypoints, offering stronger features for the pull-push loss to distinguish instances from each other. Second, we design an Attenuation-Auto-Adjusted NMS (A3-NMS) to maximally leverage the semantic outputs and avoid true objects from being removed. Experiments on object detection and human pose estimation show the superior performance of Cornerformer in terms of accuracy and inference speed."
PillarNet: Real-Time and High-Performance Pillar-Based 3D Object Detection
Authors: Guangsheng Shi; Ruifeng Li; Chao Ma
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "Real-time and high-performance 3D object detection is of critical importance for autonomous driving. Recent top-performing 3D object detectors mainly rely on point-based or 3D voxel-based convolutions, which are both computationally inefficient for onboard deployment. In contrast, pillar-based methods use solely 2D convolutions, which consume less computation resources, but they lag far behind their voxel-based counterparts in detection accuracy. In this paper, by examining the primary performance gap between pillar- and voxel-based detectors, we develop a real-time and high-performance pillar-based detector, dubbed PillarNet. The proposed PillarNet consists of a powerful encoder network for effective pillar feature learning, a neck network for spatial-semantic feature fusion and the commonly used detect head. Using only 2D convolutions, PillarNet is flexible to an optional pillar size and compatible with classical 2D CNN backbones, such as VGGNet and ResNet. Additionally, PillarNet benefits from our designed orientation-decoupled IoU regression loss along with the IoU-aware prediction branch. Extensive experimental results on large-scale nuScenes Dataset and Waymo Open Dataset demonstrate that the proposed PillarNet performs well over the state-of-the-art 3D detectors in terms of effectiveness and efficiency."
Robust Object Detection with Inaccurate Bounding Boxes
Authors: Chengxin Liu; Kewei Wang; Hao Lu; Zhiguo Cao; Ziming Zhang
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "Learning accurate object detectors often requires large-scale training data with precise object bounding boxes. However, labeling such data is expensive and time-consuming. As the crowd-sourcing labeling process and the ambiguities of the objects may raise noisy bounding box annotations, the object detectors will suffer from the degenerated training data. In this work, we aim to address the challenge of learning robust object detectors with inaccurate bounding boxes. Inspired by the fact that localization precision suffers significantly from inaccurate bounding boxes while classification accuracy is less affected, we propose leveraging classification as a guidance signal for refining localization results. Specifically, by treating an object as a bag of instances, we introduce an Object-Aware Multiple Instance Learning approach (OA-MIL), featured with object-aware instance selection and object-aware instance extension. The former aims to select accurate instances for training, instead of directly using inaccurate box annotations. The latter focuses on generating high-quality instances for selection. Extensive experiments on synthetic noisy datasets (i.e., noisy PASCAL VOC and MS-COCO) and a real noisy wheat head dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our OA-MIL. Code is available at https://github.com/cxliu0/OA-MIL."
Efficient Decoder-Free Object Detection with Transformers
Authors: Peixian Chen; Mengdan Zhang; Yunhang Shen; Kekai Sheng; Yuting Gao; Xing Sun; Ke Li; Chunhua Shen
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "Vision transformers (ViTs) are changing the landscape of object detection tasks. A natural usage of ViTs in detection is to replace the CNN-based backbone with a transformer-based backbone, which is simple yet brings an enormous computation burden during inference. More subtle usage is the DETR family, which eliminates the need for many hand-designed components in object detection but introduces a decoder demanding an extra-long time to converge. As a result, transformer-based object detection could not prevail in large-scale applications. To overcome these issues, we propose a novel decoder-free fully transformer-based (DFFT) object detector, achieving high efficiency in both training and inference stages for the first time. We simplify objection detection to an encoder-only single-level anchor-based dense prediction problem by centering around two entry points: 1) Eliminate the training-inefficient decoder and leverage two strong encoders to preserve the accuracy of single-level feature map prediction; 2) Explore low-level semantic features for the detection task with limited computational resources. In particular, we design a novel lightweight detection-oriented transformer backbone that efficiently captures low-level features with rich semantics based on a well-conceived ablation study. Extensive experiments on the MS COCO benchmark demonstrate that DFFT{SMALL} outperforms DETR by 2.5% AP with 28% computation cost reduction and more than 10X fewer training epochs. Compared with the cutting-edge anchor-based detector RetinaNet, DFFT{SMALL} obtains over 5.5% AP gain while cutting down 70% computation cost."
Cross-Modality Knowledge Distillation Network for Monocular 3D Object Detection
Authors: Yu Hong; Hang Dai; Yong Ding
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "Leveraging LiDAR-based detectors or real LiDAR point data to guide monocular 3D detection has brought significant improvement, e.g., Pseudo-LiDAR methods. However, the existing methods usually apply non-end-to-end training strategies and insufficiently leverage the LiDAR information, where the rich potential of the LiDAR data has not been well exploited. In this paper, we propose the Cross-Modality Knowledge Distillation (CMKD) network for monocular 3D detection to efficiently and directly transfer the knowledge from LiDAR modality to image modality on both features and responses. Moreover, we further extend CMKD as a semi-supervised training framework by distilling knowledge from large-scale unlabeled data and significantly boost the performance. Until submission, CMKD ranks 1st among the monocular 3D detectors with publications on both KITTI test set and Waymo val set with significant performance gains compared to previous state-of-the-art methods. Our code will be released at https://github.com/Cc-Hy/CMKD."
ReAct: Temporal Action Detection with Relational Queries
Authors: Dingfeng Shi; Yujie Zhong; Qiong Cao; Jing Zhang; Lin Ma; Jia Li; Dacheng Tao
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "This work aims at advancing temporal action detection (TAD) using an encoder-decoder framework with action queries, similar to DETR, which has shown great success in object detection. However, the framework suffers from several problems if directly applied to TAD: the insufficient exploration of inter-query relation in the decoder, the inadequate classification training due to a limited number of training samples, and the unreliable classification scores at inference. To this end, we first propose a relational attention mechanism in the decoder, which guides the attention among queries based on their relations. Moreover, we propose two losses to facilitate and stabilize the training of action classification. Lastly, we propose to predict the localization quality of each action query at inference in order to distinguish high-quality queries. The proposed method, named ReAct, achieves the state-of-the-art performance on THUMOS14, with much lower computational costs than previous methods. Besides, extensive ablation studies are conducted to verify the effectiveness of each proposed component."
Towards Accurate Active Camera Localization
Authors: Qihang Fang; Yingda Yin; Qingnan Fan; Fei Xia; Siyan Dong; Sheng Wang; Jue Wang; Leonidas J. Guibas; Baoquan Chen
Venue: ECCV 2022 (main)

Abstract: "In this work, we tackle the problem of active camera localization, which controls the camera movements actively to achieve an accurate camera pose. The past solutions are mostly based on Markov Localization, which reduces the position-wise camera uncertainty for localization. These approaches localize the camera in the discrete pose space and are agnostic to the localization-driven scene property, which restricts the camera pose accuracy in the coarse scale. We propose to overcome these limitations via a novel active camera localization algorithm, composed of a passive and an active localization module. The former optimizes the camera pose in the continuous pose space by establishing point-wise camera-world correspondences. The latter explicitly models the scene and camera uncertainty components to plan the right path for accurate camera pose estimation. We validate our algorithm on the challenging localization scenarios from both synthetic and scanned real-world indoor scenes. Experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm outperforms both the state-of-the-art Markov Localization based approach and other compared approaches on the fine-scale camera pose accuracy. Code and data are released at https://github.com/qhFang/AccurateACL."