GenAI4ELab/papercli-papers huggingface dataset:
ECG2TOK: ECG Pre-Training with Self-Distillation Semantic Tokenizers
Authors: Xiaoyan Yuan; Wei Wang; Han Liu; Jian Chen; Xiping Hu
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Self-supervised learning (SSL) has garnered increasing attention in electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis for its effectiveness in resource-limited settings. Existing state-of-the-art SSL methods rely on time-frequency detail reconstruction, but due to the inherent redundancy of ECG signals and individual variability, these approaches often yield suboptimal performance. In contrast, discrete label prediction becomes a superior pre-training objective by encouraging models to efficiently abstract ECG high-level semantics. However, the continuity and significant variability of ECG signals pose a challenge in generating semantically discrete labels. To address this issue, we propose an ECG pretraining framework with a self-distillation semantic tokenizer (ECG2TOK), which maps continuous ECG signals into discrete labels for self-supervised training. Specifically, the tokenizer extracts semantically aware embeddings of ECG by self-distillation and performs online clustering to generate semantically rich discrete labels. Subsequently, the SSL model is trained in conjunction with masking strategies and discrete label prediction to facilitate the abstraction of high-level semantic representations. We evaluate ECG2TOK in six downstream tasks, demonstrating that ECG2TOK efficiently achieves state-of-the-art performance and up to a 30.73% AUC increase in low-resource scenarios. Moreover, visualization experiments demonstrate that the discrete labels generated by ECG2TOK exhibit consistent semantics closely associated with clinical features. Our code is available on https://github.com/YXYanova/ECG2TOK.
OpenCarbon: A Contrastive Learning-based Cross-Modality Neural Approach for High-Resolution Carbon Emission Prediction Using Open Data
Authors: Jinwei Zeng; Yu Liu; Guozhen Zhang; Jingtao Ding; Yuming Lin; Jian Yuan; Yong Li
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Accurately estimating high-resolution carbon emissions is crucial for effective emission governance and mitigation planning. While conventional methods for precise carbon accounting are hindered by substantial data collection efforts, the rise of open data and advanced learning techniques offers a promising solution. Once an open data-based prediction model is developed and trained, it can easily infer emissions for new areas based on available open data. To address this, we incorporate two modalities of open data, satellite images and point-of-interest (POI) data, to predict high-resolution urban carbon emissions, with satellite images providing macroscopic and static and POI data offering fine-grained and relatively dynamic functionality information. However, estimating high-resolution carbon emissions presents two significant challenges: the intertwined and implicit effects of various functionalities on carbon emissions, and the complex spatial contiguity correlations that give rise to the agglomeration effect. Our model, OpenCarbon, features two major designs that target the challenges: a cross-modality information extraction and fusion module to extract complementary functionality information from two modules and model their interactions, and a neighborhood-informed aggregation module to capture the spatial contiguity correlations. Extensive experiments demonstrate our model's superiority, with a significant performance gain of 26.6% on R2. Further generalizability tests and case studies also show OpenCarbon's capacity to capture the intrinsic relation between urban functionalities and carbon emissions, validating its potential to empower efficient carbon governance and targeted carbon mitigation planning. Codes and data are available: https://github.com/JinweiZzz/OpenCarbon.
BGM: Demand Prediction for Expanding Bike-Sharing Systems with Dynamic Graph Modeling
Authors: Yixuan Zhao; Hongkai Wen; Xingchen Zhang; Man Luo
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Accurate demand prediction is crucial for the equitable and sustainable expansion of bike-sharing systems, which help reduce urban congestion, promote low-carbon mobility, and improve transportation access in underserved areas. However, expanding these systems presents societal challenges, particularly in ensuring fair resource distribution and operational efficiency. A major hurdle is the difficulty of demand prediction at new stations, which lack historical usage data and are heavily influenced by the existing network. Additionally, new stations dynamically reshape demand patterns across time and space, complicating efforts to balance supply and accessibility in evolving urban environments. Existing methods model relationships between new and existing stations but often assume static patterns, overlooking how new stations reshape demand dynamics over time and space. To tackle these challenges, we propose a novel demand prediction framework for expanding bike-sharing systems, namely BGM, which leverages dynamic graph modeling to capture the evolving inter-station correlations while accounting for spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Specifically, we develop a knowledge transfer approach that studies the embeddings transformation across existing and new stations through a learnable orthogonal mapping matrix. We further design a gated selecting vector-based feature fusion mechanism to integrate the transferred embeddings and the intrinsic features of stations for precise predictions. Experiments on real-world bike-sharing data demonstrate that BGM outperforms existing methods.
Reinforcement Learning for Hybrid Charging Stations Planning and Operation Considering Fixed and Mobile Chargers
Authors: Yanchen Zhu; Honghui  Zou; Chufan Liu; Yuyu Luo; Yuankai Wu; Yuxuan Liang
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: efficient and adaptable charging infrastructure. Fixed-location charging stations often suffer from underutilization or congestion due to fluctuating demand, while mobile chargers offer flexibility by relocating as needed. This paper studies the optimal planning and operation of hybrid charging infrastructures that combine both fixed and mobile chargers within urban road networks. We formulate the Hybrid Charging Station Planning and Operation (HCSPO) problem, jointly optimizing the placement of fixed stations and the scheduling of mobile chargers. A charging demand prediction model based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) supports dynamic decision-making. To solve the HCSPO problem, we propose a deep reinforcement learning approach enhanced with heuristic scheduling. Experiments on real-world urban scenarios show that our method improves infrastructure availability—achieving up to 244.4% increase in coverage—and reduces user inconvenience with up to 79.8% shorter waiting times, compared to existing solutions.
Bidirectional Human–AI Collaboration for Equitable Student Performance Prediction via Deep Uncertainty Learning
Authors: Ruohan Zong; Yang Zhang; Lanyu Shang; Frank Stinar; Nigel Bosch; Dong Wang
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: This paper studies a bidirectional human-AI collaborative student performance prediction problem to enhance equitable online education, aligning with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education for all. The goal is to leverage collaborative intelligence to generate accurate and fair student outcome predictions from behavioral data, ensuring equitable estimation for underrepresented populations. Current fair AI solutions often fail to mitigate demographic bias in the absence of student demographic data, while human-AI collaborative approaches frequently overlook human cognitive biases, leading to inaccurate predictions. We develop CollabDebias, a novel bidirectional human-AI collaborative framework that utilizes the complementary strengths of AI and humans to mitigate the AI demographic bias and human cognitive bias. To address AI demographic bias, we propose an uncertainty learning-based bias identification method and a reliability-aware human-AI integration approach. To reduce human cognitive bias, we design uncertainty-aware visualization of AI decision area and attention mechanism. Experimental results on an online course demonstrate CollabDebias's effectiveness in improving student performance prediction accuracy and fairness.
Large Language Model Meets Constraint Propagation
Authors: Alexandre Bonlarron; Florian Régin; Elisabetta De Maria; Jean-Charles Régin
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at generating fluent text but struggle to enforce external constraints because they generate tokens sequentially without explicit control mechanisms. GenCP addresses this limitation by combining LLM predictions with Constraint Programming (CP) reasoning, formulating text generation as a Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). In this paper, we improve GenCP by integrating Masked Language Models (MLMs) for domain generation, which allows bidirectional constraint propagation that leverages both past and future tokens. This integration bridges the gap between token-level prediction and structured constraint enforcement, leading to more reliable and constraint-aware text generation. Our evaluation on COLLIE benchmarks demonstrates that incorporating domain preview via MLM calls significantly improves GenCP's performance. Although this approach incurs additional MLM calls and, in some cases, increased backtracking, the overall effect is a more efficient use of LLM inferences and an enhanced ability to generate feasible and meaningful solutions, particularly in tasks with strict content constraints.
Algorithmic Composition Using Narrative Structure and Tension
Authors: Francisco Braga; Gilberto Bernardes; Roger B. Dannenberg; Nuno Correia
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: This paper describes an approach to algorithmic music composition that takes narrative structures as input, allowing composers to create music directly from narrative elements. Creating narrative development in music remains a challenging task in algorithmic composition. Our system addresses this by combining leitmotifs to represent characters, generative grammars for harmonic coherence, and evolutionary algorithms to align musical tension with narrative progression. The system operates at different scales, from overall plot structure to individual motifs, enabling both autonomous composition and co-creation with varying degrees of user control. Evaluation with compositions based on tales demonstrated the system's ability to compose music that supports narrative listening and aligns with its source narratives, while being perceived as familiar and enjoyable.
A³-Net: Calibration-Free Multi-View 3D Hand Reconstruction for Enhanced Musical Instrument Learning
Authors: Geng Chen; Xufeng Jian; Yuchen Chen; Pengfei Ren; Jingyu Wang; Haifeng Sun; Qi Qi; Jing Wang; Jianxin Liao
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Precise 3D hand posture is essential for learning musical instruments. Reconstructing highly precise 3D hand gestures enables learners to correct and master proper techniques through 3D simulation and Extended Reality. However, exsiting methods typically rely on precisely calibrated multi-camera systems, which are not easily deployable in everyday environments. In this paper, we focus on calibration-free multi-view 3D hand reconstruction in unconstrained scenarios. Establishing correspondences between multi-view images is particularly challenging without camera extrinsics. To address this, we propose A^3-Net, a multi-level alignment framework that utilizes 3D structural representations with hierarchical geometric and explicit semantic information as alignment proxies, facilitating multi-view feature interaction in both 3D geometric space and 2D visual space. Specifically, we first perfrom global geometric alignment to map multi-view features into a canonical space. Subsequently, we aggregate information into predefined sparse and dense proxies to further integrate cross-view semantics through mutual interaction. Finnaly, we perfrom 2D alignment to align projected 2D visual features with 2D observations. Our method achieves state-of-the-art results in the multi-view 3D hand reconstruction task, demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed framework.
ExVideo: Extending Video Diffusion Models via Parameter-Efficient Post-Tuning
Authors: Zhongjie Duan; Hong Zhang; Wenmeng Zhou; Cen Chen; Yaliang Li; Yu Zhang; Yingda Chen
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Recently, advancements in video synthesis have attracted significant attention. Video synthesis models have demonstrated the practical applicability of diffusion models in creating dynamic visual content. Despite these advancements, the extension of video lengths remains constrained by computational resources. Most existing video synthesis models are limited to generating short video clips. In this paper, we propose a novel post-tuning methodology for video synthesis models, called ExVideo. This approach is designed to enhance the capability of current video synthesis models, allowing them to produce content over extended temporal durations while incurring lower training expenditures. In particular, we design extension strategies across common temporal model architectures respectively, including 3D convolution, temporal attention, and positional embedding. To evaluate the efficacy of our proposed post-tuning approach, we trained ExSVD, an extended model based on Stable Video Diffusion model. Our approach enhances the model's capacity to generate up to 5x its original number of frames, requiring only 1.5k GPU hours of training on a dataset comprising 40k videos. Importantly, the substantial increase in video length doesn't compromise the model's innate generalization capabilities, and the model showcases its advantages in generating videos of diverse styles and resolutions. We have released the source code and the enhanced model publicly.
FastBlend: Enhancing Video Stylization Consistency via Model-Free Patch Blending
Authors: Zhongjie Duan; Chengyu Wang; Cen Chen; Weining Qian; Jun Huang; Mingyi Jin
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: With the emergence of diffusion models and the rapid development of image processing, generating artistic images in style transfer tasks has become effortless. However, these impressive image processing approaches face consistency issues in video processing due to the independent processing of each frame. In this paper, we propose a powerful, model-free approach called FastBlend to address the consistency problem in video stylization. FastBlend functions as a post-processor and can be seamlessly integrated with diffusion models to create a robust video stylization pipeline. Based on a patch-matching algorithm, we remap and blend the aligned content across multiple frames, thus compensating for inconsistent content with neighboring frames. Moreover, we propose a tree-like data structure and a specialized loss function, aiming to optimize computational efficiency and visual quality for different application scenarios. Extensive experiments have demonstrated the effectiveness of FastBlend. Compared with both independent video deflickering algorithms and diffusion-based video processing methods, FastBlend is capable of synthesizing more coherent and realistic videos.
FancyVideo: Towards Dynamic and Consistent Video Generation via Cross-frame Textual Guidance
Authors: Jiasong Feng; Ao Ma; Jing Wang; Ke Cao; Zhanjie Zhang
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Synthesizing motion-rich and temporally consistent videos remains a challenge in artificial intelligence, especially when dealing with extended durations. Existing text-to-video (T2V) models commonly employ spatial cross-attention for text control, equivalently guiding different frame generations without frame-specific textual guidance. Thus, the model's capacity to comprehend the temporal logic conveyed in prompts and generate videos with coherent motion is restricted. To tackle this limitation, we introduce FancyVideo, an innovative video generator that improves the existing text-control mechanism with the well-designed Cross-frame Textual Guidance Module (CTGM). Specifically, CTGM incorporates the Temporal Information Injector (TII) and Temporal Affinity Refiner (TAR) at the beginning and end of cross-attention, respectively, to achieve frame-specific textual guidance. Firstly, TII injects frame-specific information from latent features into text conditions, thereby obtaining cross-frame textual conditions. Then, TAR refines the correlation matrix between cross-frame textual conditions and latent features along the time dimension. Extensive experiments comprising both quantitative and qualitative evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of FancyVideo. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art T2V generation results on the EvalCrafter benchmark and facilitates the synthesis of dynamic and consistent videos. Note that the T2V process of FancyVideo essentially involves a text-to-image step followed by T+I2V. This means it also supports the generation of videos from user images, i.e., the image-to-video (I2V) task. A significant number of experiments have shown that its performance is also outstanding.
Scan-and-Print: Patch-level Data Summarization and Augmentation for Content-aware Layout Generation in Poster Design
Authors: HsiaoYuan Hsu; Yuxin Peng
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: In AI-empowered poster design, content-aware layout generation is crucial for the on-image arrangement of visual-textual elements, e.g., logo, text, and underlay. To perceive the background images, existing work demanded a high parameter count that far exceeds the size of available training data, which has impeded the model's real-time performance and generalization ability. To address these challenges, we proposed a patch-level data summarization and augmentation approach, vividly named Scan-and-Print. Specifically, the scan procedure selects only the patches suitable for placing element vertices to perform fine-grained perception efficiently. Then, the print procedure mixes up the patches and vertices across two image-layout pairs to synthesize over 100% new samples in each epoch while preserving their plausibility. Besides, to facilitate the vertex-level operations, a vertex-based layout representation is introduced. Extensive experimental results on widely used benchmarks demonstrated that Scan-and-Print can generate visually appealing layouts with state-of-the-art quality while dramatically reducing computational bottleneck by 95.2%. The project page is at https://thekinsley.github.io/Scan-and-Print/.
SmartSpatial: Enhancing 3D Spatial Awareness in Stable Diffusion with a Novel Evaluation Framework
Authors: Mao Xun Huang; Brian J Chan; Hen-Hsen Huang
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Stable Diffusion models have made remarkable strides in generating photorealistic images from text prompts but often falter when tasked with accurately representing complex spatial arrangements, particularly involving intricate 3D relationships. To address this limitation, we introduce SmartSpatial, an innovative approach that not only enhances the spatial arrangement capabilities of Stable Diffusion but also fosters AI-assisted creative workflows through 3D-aware conditioning and attention-guided mechanisms. SmartSpatial incorporates depth information injection and cross-attention control to ensure precise object placement, delivering notable improvements in spatial accuracy metrics. In conjunction with SmartSpatial, we present SmartSpatialEval, a comprehensive evaluation framework that bridges computational spatial accuracy with qualitative artistic assessments. Experimental results show that SmartSpatial significantly outperforms existing methods, setting new benchmarks for spatial fidelity in AI-driven art and creativity.
Leveraging Large Language Models for Active Merchant Non-player Characters
Authors: Byungjun Kim; Minju Kim; Dayeon Seo; Bugeun Kim
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: We highlight two significant issues leading to the passivity of current merchant non-player characters (NPCs): pricing and communication. While immersive interactions with active NPCs have been a focus, price negotiations between merchant NPCs and players remain underexplored. First, passive pricing refers to the limited ability of merchants to modify predefined item prices. Second, passive communication means that merchants can only interact with players in a scripted manner. To tackle these issues and create an active merchant NPC, we propose a merchant framework based on large language models (LLMs), called MART, which consists of an appraiser module and a negotiator module. We conducted two experiments to explore various implementation options under different training methods and LLM sizes, considering a range of possible game environments. Our findings indicate that finetuning methods, such as supervised finetuning (SFT) and knowledge distillation (KD), are effective in using smaller LLMs to implement active merchant NPCs. Additionally, we found three irregular cases arising from the responses of LLMs.
Precarity and Solidarity: Preliminary Results on a Study of Queer and Disabled Fiction Writers’ Experiences with Generative AI
Authors: Carolyn Lamb; Daniel G. Brown; Maura R. Grossman
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: We present a mixed-methods study of professional fiction writers' experiences with generative AI (genAI), primarily focused on queer and disabled writers. Queer and disabled writers are markedly more pessimistic than others about the impact of genAI on their industry, although pessimism is the majority attitude for all groups. We explore how genAI exacerbates existing causes of precarity for writers, reasons why writers are opposed to its use, and strategies used by marginalized fiction writers to safeguard their industry.
METEOR: Melody-aware Texture-controllable Symbolic Music Re-Orchestration via Transformer VAE
Authors: Dinh-Viet-Toan Le; Yi-Hsuan Yang
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Re-orchestration is the process of adapting a music piece for a different set of instruments. By altering the original instrumentation, the orchestrator often modifies the musical texture while preserving a recognizable melodic line and ensures that each part is playable within the technical and expressive capabilities of the chosen instruments. In this work, we propose METEOR, a model for generating Melody-aware Texture-controllable re-Orchestration with a Transformer-based variational auto-encoder (VAE). This model performs symbolic instrumental and textural music style transfers with a focus on melodic fidelity and controllability. We allow bar- and track-level controllability of the accompaniment with various textural attributes while keeping a homophonic texture. With both subjective and objective evaluations, we show that our model outperforms style transfer models on a re-orchestration task in terms of generation quality and controllability. Moreover, it can be adapted for a lead sheet orchestration task as a zero-shot learning model, achieving performance comparable to a model specifically trained for this task.