GenAI4ELab/papercli-papers huggingface dataset:
SAHAY: Multimodal, Privacy-Preserving AI for Suicide Risk Detection and Intervention in India
Authors: Salam Michael Singh; Manik Inder Singh Sethi; Suresh Bada Math; Tanmoy Chakraborty
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Suicide accounts for one of the leading causes of death in India, with over 164,033 deaths reported in 2021. Despite increased awareness, the gap between the need for consistent treatment and actual accessibility remains a challenge due to limited mental health infrastructure, the stigma surrounding mental illness in society, and the lack of real-time detection mechanisms. Traditional suicide risk assessments often miss early signs of distress, which rely heavily on clinical evaluations and self-reporting. Although AI-based monitoring seems promising, currently available models focus only on risk prediction without intervention and treatment, leaving a critical gap in tackling crisis management. In this proposal, we strive to design SAHAY, the first-of-its-kind AI-based, suicide prevention framework that seamlessly couples prediction with prevention and treatment access. Leveraging multimodal data, including the social media text and Electronic Health Records (EHR) and Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) such as wearable physiological data, SAHAY aims to assess suicide risk dynamically. Unlike existing models, SAHAY is culturally adaptive, multilingual and seamlessly integrates with India’s TeleMANAS mental health support system, to provide structured AI-human collaboration for long-term care and crisis interventions. It will be an adaptable, scalable, modular, and plug-and-play solution based on the Digital Public Infrastructure principle. Additionally, we intend to incorporate AI-driven geo-spatial crisis mapping to identify suicide hotspots in underserved regions. By combining real-time multimodal risk detection, professional mental health intervention, and geo-spatial outreach, SAHAY represents a scalable, adaptable, and end-to-end suicide prevention system. The design of SAHAY aligns with UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3, 4, 5, 10, and 17, promoting inclusive, accessible, and data-driven mental healthcare.
Early Detection of Patient Deterioration from Real-Time Wearable Monitoring System
Authors: Lo Pang-Yun Ting; Hong-Pei Chen; An-Shan Liu; Chun-Yin Yeh; Po-Lin Chen; Kun-Ta Chuang
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Early detection of patient deterioration is crucial for reducing mortality rates. Heart rate data has shown promise in assessing patient health, and wearable devices offer a cost-effective solution for real-time monitoring. However, extracting meaningful insights from diverse heart rate data and handling missing values in wearable device data remain key challenges. To address these challenges, we propose TARL, an innovative approach that models the structural relationships of representative subsequences, known as shapelets, in heart rate time series. TARL creates a shapelet-transition knowledge graph to model shapelet dynamics in heart rate time series, indicating illness progression and potential future changes. We further introduce a transition-aware knowledge embedding to reinforce relationships among shapelets and quantify the impact of missing values, enabling the formulation of comprehensive heart rate representations. These representations capture explanatory structures and predict future heart rate trends, aiding early illness detection. We collaborate with physicians and nurses to gather ICU patient heart rate data from wearables and diagnostic metrics to assess illness severity and evaluate deterioration. Experiments on real-world ICU data demonstrate that TARL achieves both high reliability and early detection. A case study further showcases TARL's explainable detection process, highlighting its potential as an AI-driven tool to assist clinicians in recognizing early signs of patient deterioration.
AI Diagnostic Assistant (AIDA): A Predictive Model for Diagnoses from Health Records in Clinical Decision Support Systems
Authors: Dmitriy Umerenkov; Alexandr Nesterov; Vladimir Shaposhnikov; Ruslan Abramov; Nikolay Romanenko; Vladimir Kokh; Marina Kirina; Anton Abrosimov; Dmitry V. Dylov; Ivan Oseledets
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) play an increasingly important role in medical diagnostics. We present AI Diagnostic Assistant (AIDA), a real-time predictive model designed to assist doctors in interpreting patient conditions. AIDA analyzes electronic health records (EHR), including medical history, laboratory results, and complaints, to suggest potential diagnoses from 95 common conditions before the doctor makes the final decision. The model acts as a verification and backup tool, ensuring that no critical details are overlooked. Trained on 1.5 million patient records and validated on a dataset curated by a panel of experts, AIDA proves trustworthy as a diagnosis-making assistant (87.7% accuracy compared to 91.7% accuracy among doctors). Integrated into a megapolis-wide CDSS, AIDA has assisted doctors in over 3 million real-world diagnoses to date.
Enhancing Online Climate Discourse: A Two-Stage Framework for Climate Content Categorization and Moderation
Authors: Apoorva Upadhyaya; Wolfgang Nejdl; Marco Fisichella
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Climate change is one of the most pressing global challenges that requires urgent adaptation and resilience efforts, highlighting the need for both scientific solutions and effective communication. In the digital age, online content plays a key role in shaping climate narratives. Therefore, previous research has mainly focused on public perception or categorized content by topics such as impacts, mitigation, policy, etc. Despite these efforts, identifying discussions that address climate change adaptation is crucial for monitoring resilience and assessing public sentiment, while recognizing denial narratives helps combat misinformation. Moreover, the public's exposure to online climate content can either lead to or hinder climate action, emphasizing the need for climate content moderation. To address these issues, we propose a novel multi-stage framework where stage 1 categorizes climate-related content into adaptation, resilience, and denial while stage 2 moderates content by enhancing or intervening based on its alignment with climate goals. We present a novel dataset by manually annotating publicly available tweets and news articles into different climate categories with the help of a taxonomy developed by domain experts. Extensive experiments with benchmark climate and other domain datasets validate the efficacy of our prediction stage, while human and external evaluations confirm the relevance of our moderation stage.
DECASTE: Unveiling Caste Stereotypes in Large Language Models Through Multi-Dimensional Bias Analysis
Authors: Prashanth Vijayaraghavan; Soroush Vosoughi; Lamogha Chiazor; Raya Horesh; Rogerio Abreu de Paula; Ehsan Degan; Vandana Mukherjee
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) and expanded their applications across diverse domains. However, despite their impressive capabilities, LLMs have been shown to reflect and perpetuate harmful societal biases, including those based on ethnicity, gender, and religion. A critical and underexplored issue is the reinforcement of caste-based biases, particularly towards India's marginalized caste groups such as Dalits and Shudras. In this paper, we address this gap by proposing DECASTE, a novel, multi-dimensional framework designed to detect and assess both implicit and explicit caste biases in LLMs. Our approach evaluates caste fairness across four dimensions: socio-cultural, economic, educational, and political, using a range of customized prompting strategies. By benchmarking several state-of-the-art LLMs, we reveal that these models systematically reinforce caste biases, with significant disparities observed in the treatment of oppressed versus dominant caste groups. For example, bias scores are notably elevated when comparing Dalits and Shudras with dominant caste groups, reflecting societal prejudices that persist in model outputs. These results expose the subtle yet pervasive caste biases in LLMs and emphasize the need for more comprehensive and inclusive bias evaluation methodologies that assess the potential risks of deploying such models in real-world contexts.
MCloudNet: An Ultra-Short-Term Photovoltaic Power Forecasting Framework With Multi-Layer Cloud Coverage
Authors: Meng Wan; Tiantian Liu; Yuxuan Bi; Jue Wang; Hui Cui; Rongqiang Cao; Jiaxiang Wang; Peng Shi; Ningming Nie; Yangang Wang
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Over 4.15 million low-income households across nearly 60,000 villages in China benefit from photovoltaic (PV) poverty alleviation power stations. However, weak infrastructure and limited capabilities make these systems vulnerable to fluctuations. One of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 7) seeks to ensure access to affordable and reliable energy for all, especially in underdeveloped regions. This paper proposes MCloudNet, a multi-modal framework designed to improve ultra-short-term PV prediction in data-scarce, cloud-dynamic environments. MCloudNet explicitly models multi-layer cloud structures from satellite imagery and fuses them with time-series meteorological data to enhance prediction accuracy and interpretability. A province-level dispatch system with MCloudNet has been deployed in Hebei, supporting scheduling across rural PV stations. Experiments conducted in counties such as Shexian and Luxi highlight the framework's effectiveness for use in underdeveloped micro-grids. Operational results show that the system has reduced over 60 million kWh of solar curtailment and generated 24 million CNY in economic value, benefiting approximately 50,000 rural households. By minimizing power fluctuations and improving rural energy scheduling, MCloudNet supports essential services such as lighting, medical facilities, and communications. The source code is available at: https://github.com/AI4SClab/MCloudNet.
Beyond Patterns: Harnessing Causal Logic for Autonomous Driving Trajectory Prediction
Authors: Bonan Wang; Haicheng Liao; Chengyue Wang; Bin Rao; Yanchen Guan; Guyang Yu; Jiaxun Zhang; Songning Lai; Chengzhong Xu; Zhenning Li
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Accurate trajectory prediction has long been a major challenge for autonomous driving (AD). Traditional data-driven models predominantly rely on statistical correlations, often overlooking the causal relationships that govern traffic behavior. In this paper, we introduce a novel trajectory prediction framework that leverages causal inference to enhance predictive robustness, generalization, and accuracy. By decomposing the environment into spatial and temporal components, our approach identifies and mitigates spurious correlations, uncovering genuine causal relationships. We also employ a progressive fusion strategy to integrate multimodal information, simulating human-like reasoning processes and enabling real-time inference. Evaluations on five real-world datasets—ApolloScape, nuScenes, NGSIM, HighD, and MoCAD—demonstrate our model's superiority over existing state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods, with improvements in key metrics such as RMSE and FDE. Our findings highlight the potential of causal reasoning to transform trajectory prediction, paving the way for robust AD systems.
ContextAware: A Multi-Agent Framework for Detecting Harmful Image-Based Comments on Social Media
Authors: Zheng Wei; Mingchen Li; Pu Zhang; Xinyu Liu; Huamin Qu; Pan Hui
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Detecting hidden stigmatization in social media poses significant challenges due to semantic misalignments between textual and visual modalities, as well as the subtlety of implicit stigmatization. Traditional approaches often fail to capture these complexities in real-world, multimodal content. To address this gap, we introduce ContextAware, an agent-based framework that leverages specialized modules to collaboratively process and analyze images, textual context, and social interactions. Our approach begins by clustering image embeddings to identify recurring content, activating high-likes agents for deeper analysis of images receiving substantial user engagement, while comprehensive agents handle lower-engagement images. By integrating case-based learning, textual sentiment, and vision-language models (VLMs), ContextAware refines its detection of harmful content. We evaluate ContextAware on a self-collected Douyin dataset focused on interracial relationships, comprising 871 short videos and 885,502 comments—of which a notable portion are image-based. Experimental results show that ContextAware not only outperforms state-of-the-art methods in accuracy and F1 score but also effectively detects implicit stigmatization within the highly contextual environment of social media. Our findings underscore the importance of agent-based architectures and multimodal alignment in capturing nuanced, culturally specific forms of harmful content.
City-Level Foreign Direct Investment Prediction with Tabular Learning on Judicial Data
Authors: Tianxing Wu; Lizhe Cao; Shuang Wang; Jiming Wang; Shutong Zhu; Yerong Wu; Yuqing Feng
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: To advance the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal on promoting sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, foreign direct investment (FDI) plays a crucial role in catalyzing economic expansion and fostering innovation. Precise city-level FDI prediction is quite important for local government and is commonly studied based on economic data (e.g., GDP). However, such economic data could be prone to manipulation, making predictions less reliable. To address this issue, we try to leverage large-scale judicial data which reflects judicial performance influencing local investment security and returns, for city-level FDI prediction. Based on this, we first build an index system for the evaluation of judicial performance over twelve million publicly available adjudication documents according to which a tabular dataset is reformulated. We then propose a new Tabular Learning method on Judicial Data (TLJD) for city-level FDI prediction. TLJD integrates row data and column data in our built tabular dataset for judicial performance indicator encoding, and utilizes a mixture of experts model to adjust the weights of different indicators considering regional variations. To validate the effectiveness of TLJD, we design cross-city and cross-time tasks for city-level FDI predictions. Extensive experiments on both tasks demonstrate the superiority of TLJD (reach to at least 0.92 R2) over the other ten state-of-the-art baselines in different evaluation metrics.
HARMONY: A Privacy-preserving and Sensor-agnostic Tele-monitoring system
Authors: Qipeng Xie; Hao Guo; Weizheng Wang; Yongzhi Huang; Linshan Jiang; Jiafei Wu; Shuxin Zhong; Lu Wang; Kaishun Wu
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Global aging necessitates tele-monitoring systems to provide real-time tracking and timely assistance for older adults living independently. While pervasive wireless devices (e.g., CSI, IMU, UWB) enable cost-effective, non-intrusive monitoring, existing systems lack flexibility, limiting their adaptability to different environments. In this work, we posit that the motion dynamics of human movement are invariant across sensing modalities, inspiring the design of HARMONY—a privacy-preserving, sensor-agnostic system that supports multi-modal inputs and diverse tele-monitoring tasks. HARMONY incorporates Modality-agnostic Data Processing to uniformly encrypt multi-modal signals and Task-specific Activity Recognition for seamless tasks adaptation. A novel Encrypted-processing Engine then significantly accelerates computations on encrypted data by optimizing matrix and convolution operations. Evaluations across five different sensing modalities show that HARMONY consistently achieves high accuracy while delivering 3.5 × to 130 × speedups over state-of-the-art baselines. Our results demonstrate that HARMONY is a practical, scalable, and privacy-centric prototype for next-generation remote healthcare.
Exploring Multimodal Foundation AI and Expert-in-the-Loop for Sustainable Management of Wild Salmon Fisheries in Indigenous Rivers
Authors: Chi Xu; Yili Jin; Sami Ma; Rongsheng Qian; Hao Fang; Jiangchuan Liu; Xue Liu; Edith C.H. Ngai; William I. Atlas; Katrina M. Connors; Mark A. Spoljaric
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Wild salmon are essential to the ecological, economic, and cultural sustainability of the North Pacific Rim. Yet climate variability, habitat loss, and data limitations in remote ecosystems that lack basic infrastructure support pose significant challenges to effective fisheries management. This project explores the integration of multimodal foundation AI and expert-in-the-loop frameworks to enhance wild salmon monitoring and sustainable fisheries management in Indigenous rivers across Pacific Northwest. By leveraging video and sonar-based monitoring, we develop AI-powered tools for automated species identification, counting, and length measurement, reducing manual effort, expediting delivery of results, and improving decision-making accuracy. Expert validation and active learning frameworks ensure ecological relevance while reducing annotation burdens. To address unique technical and societal challenges, we bring together a cross-domain, interdisciplinary team of university researchers, fisheries biologists, Indigenous stewardship practitioners, government agencies, and conservation organizations. Through these collaborations, our research fosters ethical AI co-development, open data sharing, and culturally informed fisheries management.
Generative Agents for Multimodal Controversy Detection
Authors: Tianjiao Xu; Jinfei Gao; Keyi Kong; Jianhua Yin; Tian Gan; Liqiang Nie
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Multimodal controversy detection, which involves determining whether a given video and its associated comments are controversial, plays a pivotal role in risk management on social video platforms. Existing methods typically provide only classification results, failing to identify what aspects are controversial and why, thereby lacking detailed explanations. To address this limitation, we propose a novel Agent-based Multimodal Controversy Detection architecture, termed AgentMCD. This architecture leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) as generative agents to simulate human behavior and improve explainability. AgentMCD employs a multi-aspect reasoning process, where multiple judges conduct evaluations from diverse perspectives to derive a final decision. Furthermore, a multi-agent simulation process is incorporated, wherein agents act as audiences, offering opinions and engaging in free discussions after watching videos. This hybrid framework enables comprehensive controversy evaluation and significantly enhances explainability. Experiments conducted on the MMCD dataset demonstrate that our proposed architecture outperforms existing LLM-based baselines in both high-resource and low-resource comment scenarios, while maintaining superior explainability.
LLM-based Collaborative Agents with Pedagogy-guided Interaction Modeling for Timely Instructive Feedback Generation in Task-oriented Group Discussions
Authors: Qihao Yang; Yu Yang; Sixu An; Tianyong Hao; Guandong Xu
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) fundamentally reshape learning and teaching models, shifting tutoring systems from supporting individual learning to facilitating collaborative learning (CL) like task-oriented group discussions. However, existing AI tutors struggle to guide CL, as they seldom model the interactions between AI tutors and students. Therefore, they cannot scaffold students to complete tasks collaboratively, which impairs learning outcomes and pedagogy adaptability. Additionally, existing AI tutors fail to make use of CL theories to generate instructive feedback, which leads to undesirable interactions such as over-instruction and limits students' autonomy. In this paper, we propose an LLM-based collaborative agent that innovatively leverages pedagogical strategies to sense discussion stages, detect learning issues, identify the timing of intervention, and generate instructive feedback. To develop the agent, we first design a prompting strategy based on a CL theory, that is, the Community of Inquiry, to cultivate the agent to understand the discussion status. Second, a multi-agent interaction framework is proposed to simulate the collaborative learning behavior between AI tutors and students. Meanwhile, a synthetic task-oriented group discussion dataset, namely CLTeach, is generated, which consists of 27k manually-verified multi-party dialogues with fine-grained annotations of instructive feedback and explanations. Lastly, we use CLTeach to fine-tune the LLM agent, ultimately enabling it to generate instructive feedback at the right time to support students in CL. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our agent achieves state-of-the-art performance in feedback generation and has the potential to mimic human teachers effectively.
QBR – A Question-Bank-Based Approach to Fine-Grained Legal Knowledge Retrieval for the General Public
Authors: Mingruo Yuan; Ben Kao; Tien-Hsuan Wu
Venue: IJCAI 2025 (main)

Abstract: Retrieval of legal knowledge by the general public is a challenging problem due to the technicality of the professional knowledge and the lack of fundamental understanding by laypersons on the subject. Traditional information retrieval techniques assume that users are capable of formulating succinct and precise queries for effective document retrieval. In practice, however, the wide gap between the highly technical contents and untrained users makes legal knowledge retrieval very difficult. We propose a methodology, called QBR, which employs a Questions Bank (QB) as an effective medium for bridging the knowledge gap. We show how the QB is used to derive training samples to enhance the embedding of knowledge units within documents, which leads to effective fine-grained knowledge retrieval. We discuss and evaluate through experiments various advantages of QBR over traditional methods. These include more accurate, efficient, and explainable document retrieval, better comprehension of retrieval results, and highly effective fine-grained knowledge retrieval. We also present some case studies and show that QBR achieves social impact by assisting citizens to resolve everyday legal concerns.