GenAI4ELab/papercli-papers huggingface dataset:
Language Model Guided Interpretable Video Action Reasoning
Authors: Ning Wang; Guangming Zhu; HS Li; Liang Zhang; Syed Afaq Ali Shah; Mohammed Bennamoun
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: Although neural networks excel in video action recognition tasks their "black-box" nature makes it challenging to understand the rationale behind their decisions. Recent approaches used inherently interpretable models to analyze video actions in a manner akin to human reasoning. However it has been observed that these interpretable models tend to underperform when compared to their black-box counterparts. In this work we present a new framework called Language-guided Interpretable Action Recognition framework (LaIAR). This framework leverages knowledge from language models to enhance both the recognition capabilities and the interpretability of video models. In essence we reframe the challenge of understanding video model decisions as a task of aligning video and language models. Using the logical reasoning captured by the language model we steer the training of the video model. This integrated approach not only improves the video model's adaptability to different domains but also boosts its overall performance. Extensive experiments on Charades and CAD-120 datasets demonstrate the superior performance and interpretability of our proposed method. The code of LaIAR is available at https://github.com/NingWang2049/LaIAR.
Forecasting of 3D Whole-body Human Poses with Grasping Objects
Authors: Haitao Yan; Qiongjie Cui; Jiexin Xie; Shijie Guo
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: In the context of computer vision and human-robot interaction forecasting 3D human poses is crucial for understanding human behavior and enhancing the predictive capabilities of intelligent systems. While existing methods have made significant progress they often focus on predicting major body joints overlooking fine-grained gestures and their interaction with objects. Human hand movements particularly during object interactions play a pivotal role and provide more precise expressions of human poses. This work fills this gap and introduces a novel paradigm: forecasting 3D whole-body human poses with a focus on grasping objects. This task involves predicting activities across all joints in the body and hands encompassing the complexities of internal heterogeneity and external interactivity. To tackle these challenges we also propose a novel approach: C^3HOST cross-context cross-modal consolidation for 3D whole-body pose forecasting effectively handles the complexities of internal heterogeneity and external interactivity. C^3HOST involves distinct steps including the heterogeneous content encoding and alignment and cross-modal feature learning and interaction. These enable us to predict activities across all body and hand joints ensuring high-precision whole-body human pose prediction even during object grasping. Extensive experiments on two benchmarks demonstrate that our model significantly enhances the accuracy of whole-body human motion prediction. The project page is available at https://sites.google.com/view/c3host.
COTR: Compact Occupancy TRansformer for Vision-based 3D Occupancy Prediction
Authors: Qihang Ma; Xin Tan; Yanyun Qu; Lizhuang Ma; Zhizhong Zhang; Yuan Xie
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: The autonomous driving community has shown significant interest in 3D occupancy prediction driven by its exceptional geometric perception and general object recognition capabilities. To achieve this current works try to construct a Tri-Perspective View (TPV) or Occupancy (OCC) representation extending from the Bird-Eye-View perception. However compressed views like TPV representation lose 3D geometry information while raw and sparse OCC representation requires heavy but redundant computational costs. To address the above limitations we propose Compact Occupancy TRansformer (COTR) with a geometry-aware occupancy encoder and a semantic-aware group decoder to reconstruct a compact 3D OCC representation. The occupancy encoder first generates a compact geometrical OCC feature through efficient explicit-implicit view transformation. Then the occupancy decoder further enhances the semantic discriminability of the compact OCC representation by a coarse-to-fine semantic grouping strategy. Empirical experiments show that there are evident performance gains across multiple baselines e.g. COTR outperforms baselines with a relative improvement of 8%-15% demonstrating the superiority of our method.
Accelerating Diffusion Sampling with Optimized Time Steps
Authors: Shuchen Xue; Zhaoqiang Liu; Fei Chen; Shifeng Zhang; Tianyang Hu; Enze Xie; Zhenguo Li
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have shown remarkable performance in high-resolution image synthesis but their sampling efficiency is still to be desired due to the typically large number of sampling steps. Recent advancements in high-order numerical ODE solvers for DPMs have enabled the generation of high-quality images with much fewer sampling steps. While this is a significant development most sampling methods still employ uniform time steps which is not optimal when using a small number of steps. To address this issue we propose a general framework for designing an optimization problem that seeks more appropriate time steps for a specific numerical ODE solver for DPMs. This optimization problem aims to minimize the distance between the ground-truth solution to the ODE and an approximate solution corresponding to the numerical solver. It can be efficiently solved using the constrained trust region method taking less than 15 seconds. Our extensive experiments on both unconditional and conditional sampling using pixel- and latent-space DPMs demonstrate that when combined with the state-of-the-art sampling method UniPC our optimized time steps significantly improve image generation performance in terms of FID scores for datasets such as CIFAR-10 and ImageNet compared to using uniform time steps.
See Say and Segment: Teaching LMMs to Overcome False Premises
Authors: Tsung-Han Wu; Giscard Biamby; David Chan; Lisa Dunlap; Ritwik Gupta; Xudong Wang; Joseph E. Gonzalez; Trevor Darrell
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: Current open-source Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) excel at tasks such as open-vocabulary language grounding and segmentation but can suffer under false premises when queries imply the existence of something that is not actually present in the image. We observe that existing methods that fine-tune an LMM to segment images significantly degrade their ability to reliably determine ("see") if an object is present and to interact naturally with humans ("say") a form of catastrophic forgetting. In this work we propose a cascading and joint training approach for LMMs to solve this task avoiding catastrophic forgetting of previous skills. Our resulting model can "see" by detecting whether objects are present in an image "say" by telling the user if they are not proposing alternative queries or correcting semantic errors in the query and finally "segment" by outputting the mask of the desired objects if they exist. Additionally we introduce a novel False Premise Correction benchmark dataset an extension of existing RefCOCO(+/g) referring segmentation datasets (which we call FP-RefCOCO(+/g)). The results show that our method not only detects false premises up to 55% better than existing approaches but under false premise conditions produces relative cIOU improvements of more than 31% over baselines and produces natural language feedback judged helpful up to 67% of the time.
Is Ego Status All You Need for Open-Loop End-to-End Autonomous Driving?
Authors: Zhiqi Li; Zhiding Yu; Shiyi Lan; Jiahan Li; Jan Kautz; Tong Lu; Jose M. Alvarez
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: End-to-end autonomous driving recently emerged as a promising research direction to target autonomy from a full-stack perspective. Along this line many of the latest works follow an open-loop evaluation setting on nuScenes to study the planning behavior. In this paper we delve deeper into the problem by conducting thorough analyses and demystifying more devils in the details. We initially observed that the nuScenes dataset characterized by relatively simple driving scenarios leads to an under-utilization of perception information in end-to-end models incorporating ego status such as the ego vehicle's velocity. These models tend to rely predominantly on the ego vehicle's status for future path planning. Beyond the limitations of the dataset we also note that current metrics do not comprehensively assess the planning quality leading to potentially biased conclusions drawn from existing benchmarks. To address this issue we introduce a new metric to evaluate whether the predicted trajectories adhere to the road. We further propose a simple baseline able to achieve competitive results without relying on perception annotations. Given the current limitations on the benchmark and metrics we suggest the community reassess relevant prevailing research and be cautious about whether the continued pursuit of state-of-the-art would yield convincing and universal conclusions. Code and models are available at https://github.com/NVlabs/BEV-Planner.
Unsupervised Template-assisted Point Cloud Shape Correspondence Network
Authors: Jiacheng Deng; Jiahao Lu; Tianzhu Zhang
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: Unsupervised point cloud shape correspondence aims to establish point-wise correspondences between source and target point clouds. Existing methods obtain correspondences directly by computing point-wise feature similarity between point clouds. However non-rigid objects possess strong deformability and unusual shapes making it a longstanding challenge to directly establish correspondences between point clouds with unconventional shapes. To address this challenge we propose an unsupervised Template-Assisted point cloud shape correspondence Network termed TANet including a template generation module and a template assistance module. The proposed TANet enjoys several merits. Firstly the template generation module establishes a set of learnable templates with explicit structures. Secondly we introduce a template assistance module that extensively leverages the generated templates to establish more accurate shape correspondences from multiple perspectives. Extensive experiments on four human and animal datasets demonstrate that TANet achieves favorable performance against state-of-the-art methods.
CGI-DM: Digital Copyright Authentication for Diffusion Models via Contrasting Gradient Inversion
Authors: Xiaoyu Wu; Yang Hua; Chumeng Liang; Jiaru Zhang; Hao Wang; Tao Song; Haibing Guan
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: Diffusion Models (DMs) have evolved into advanced image generation tools especially for few-shot generation where a pre-trained model is fine-tuned on a small set of images to capture a specific style or object. Despite their success concerns exist about potential copyright violations stemming from the use of unauthorized data in this process. In response we present Contrasting Gradient Inversion for Diffusion Models (CGI-DM) a novel method featuring vivid visual representations for digital copyright authentication. Our approach involves removing partial information of an image and recovering missing details by exploiting conceptual differences between the pre-trained and fine-tuned models. We formulate the differences as KL divergence between latent variables of the two models when given the same input image which can be maximized through Monte Carlo sampling and Projected Gradient Descent (PGD). The similarity between original and recovered images serves as a strong indicator of potential infringements. Extensive experiments on the WikiArt and Dreambooth datasets demonstrate the high accuracy of CGI-DM in digital copyright authentication surpassing alternative validation techniques. Code implementation is available at https://github.com/Nicholas0228/Revelio.
Making Visual Sense of Oracle Bones for You and Me
Authors: Runqi Qiao; Lan Yang; Kaiyue Pang; Honggang Zhang
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: Visual perception evolves over time. This is particularly the case of oracle bone scripts where visual glyphs seem intuitive to people from distant past prove difficult to be understood in contemporary eyes. While semantic correspondence of an oracle can be found via a dictionary lookup this proves to be not enough for public viewers to connect the dots i.e. why does this oracle mean that? Common solution relies on a laborious curation process to collect visual guide for each oracle (Fig.1) which hinges on the case-by-case effort and taste of curators. This paper delves into one natural follow-up question: can AI take over?Begin with a comprehensive human study we show participants could indeed make better sense of an oracle glyph subjected to a proper visual guide and its efficacy can be approximated via a novel metric termed TransOV (Transferable Oracle Visuals). We then define a new conditional visual generation task based on an oracle glyph and its semantic meaning and importantly approach it by circumventing any form of model training in the presence of fatal lack of oracle data. At its heart is to leverage foundation model like GPT-4V to reason about the visual cues hidden inside an oracle and take advantage of an existing text-to-image model for final visual guide generation. Extensive empirical evidence shows our AI-enabled visual guides achieve significantly comparable TransOV performance compared with those collected under manual efforts. Finally we demonstrate the versatility of our system under a more complex setting where it is required to work alongside an AI image denoiser to cope with raw oracle scan image inputs (cf. processed clean oracle glyphs). Code is available at https://github.com/RQ-Lab/OBS-Visual.
Finsler-Laplace-Beltrami Operators with Application to Shape Analysis
Authors: Simon Weber; Thomas Dagès; Maolin Gao; Daniel Cremers
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: The Laplace-Beltrami operator (LBO) emerges from studying manifolds equipped with a Riemannian metric. It is often called the swiss army knife of geometry processing as it allows to capture intrinsic shape information and gives rise to heat diffusion geodesic distances and a multitude of shape descriptors. It also plays a central role in geometric deep learning. In this work we explore Finsler manifolds as a generalization of Riemannian manifolds. We revisit the Finsler heat equation and derive a Finsler heat kernel and a Finsler-Laplace-Beltrami Operator (FLBO): a novel theoretically justified anisotropic Laplace-Beltrami operator (ALBO). In experimental evaluations we demonstrate that the proposed FLBO is a valuable alternative to the traditional Riemannian-based LBO and ALBOs for spatial filtering and shape correspondence estimation. We hope that the proposed Finsler heat kernel and the FLBO will inspire further exploration of Finsler geometry in the computer vision community.
Minimal Perspective Autocalibration
Authors: Andrea Porfiri Dal Cin; Timothy Duff; Luca Magri; Tomas Pajdla
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: We introduce a new family of minimal problems for reconstruction from multiple views. Our primary focus is a novel approach to autocalibration a long-standing problem in computer vision. Traditional approaches to this problem such as those based on Kruppa's equations or the modulus constraint rely explicitly on the knowledge of multiple fundamental matrices or a projective reconstruction. In contrast we consider a novel formulation involving constraints on image points the unknown depths of 3D points and a partially specified calibration matrix K. For 2 and 3 views we present a comprehensive taxonomy of minimal autocalibration problems obtained by relaxing some of these constraints. These problems are organized into classes according to the number of views and any assumed prior knowledge of K. Within each class we determine problems with the fewest---or a relatively small number of---solutions. From this zoo of problems we devise three practical solvers. Experiments with synthetic and real data and interfacing our solvers with COLMAP demonstrate that we achieve superior accuracy compared to state-of-the-art calibration methods. The code is available at https://github.com/andreadalcin/MinimalPerspectiveAutocalibration.
MOHO: Learning Single-view Hand-held Object Reconstruction with Multi-view Occlusion-Aware Supervision
Authors: Chenyangguang Zhang; Guanlong Jiao; Yan Di; Gu Wang; Ziqin Huang; Ruida Zhang; Fabian Manhardt; Bowen Fu; Federico Tombari; Xiangyang Ji
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: Previous works concerning single-view hand-held object reconstruction typically rely on supervision from 3D ground-truth models which are hard to collect in real world. In contrast readily accessible hand-object videos offer a promising training data source but they only give heavily occluded object observations. In this paper we present a novel synthetic-to-real framework to exploit Multi-view Occlusion-aware supervision from hand-object videos for Hand-held Object reconstruction (MOHO) from a single image tackling two predominant challenges in such setting: hand-induced occlusion and object's self-occlusion. First in the synthetic pre-training stage we render a large-scaled synthetic dataset SOMVideo with hand-object images and multi-view occlusion-free supervisions adopted to address hand-induced occlusion in both 2D and 3D spaces. Second in the real-world finetuning stage MOHO leverages the amodal-mask-weighted geometric supervision to mitigate the unfaithful guidance caused by the hand-occluded supervising views in real world. Moreover domain-consistent occlusion-aware features are amalgamated in MOHO to resist object's self-occlusion for inferring the complete object shape. Extensive experiments on HO3D and DexYCB datasets demonstrate 2D-supervised MOHO gains superior results against 3D-supervised methods by a large margin.
BANF: Band-Limited Neural Fields for Levels of Detail Reconstruction
Authors: Akhmedkhan Shabanov; Shrisudhan Govindarajan; Cody Reading; Lily Goli; Daniel Rebain; Kwang Moo Yi; Andrea Tagliasacchi
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: Largely due to their implicit nature neural fields lack a direct mechanism for filtering as Fourier analysis from discrete signal processing is not directly applicable to these representations. Effective filtering of neural fields is critical to enable level-of-detail processing in downstream applications and support operations that involve sampling the field on regular grids (e.g. marching cubes). Existing methods that attempt to decompose neural fields in the frequency domain either resort to heuristics or require extensive modifications to the neural field architecture. We show that via a simple modification one can obtain neural fields that are low-pass filtered and in turn show how this can be exploited to obtain a frequency decomposition of the entire signal. We demonstrate the validity of our technique by investigating level-of-detail reconstruction and showing how coarser representations can be computed effectively.
Time- Memory- and Parameter-Efficient Visual Adaptation
Authors: Otniel-Bogdan Mercea; Alexey Gritsenko; Cordelia Schmid; Anurag Arnab
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: As foundation models become more popular there is a growing need to efficiently finetune them for downstream tasks. Although numerous adaptation methods have been proposed they are designed to be efficient only in terms of how many parameters are trained. They however typically still require backpropagating gradients throughout the model meaning that their training-time and -memory cost does not reduce as significantly. We propose an adaptation method which does not backpropagate gradients through the backbone. We achieve this by designing a lightweight network in parallel that operates on features from the frozen pretrained backbone. As a result our method is efficient not only in terms of parameters but also in training-time and memory usage. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art accuracy-parameter trade-offs on the popular VTAB benchmark and we further show how we outperform prior works with respect to training-time and -memory usage too. We further demonstrate the training efficiency and scalability of our method by adapting a vision transformer backbone of 4 billion parameters for the computationally demanding task of video classification without any intricate model parallelism. Here we outperform a prior adaptor-based method which could only scale to a 1 billion parameter backbone or fully-finetuning a smaller backbone with the same GPU and less training time.
SecondPose: SE(3)-Consistent Dual-Stream Feature Fusion for Category-Level Pose Estimation
Authors: Yamei Chen; Yan Di; Guangyao Zhai; Fabian Manhardt; Chenyangguang Zhang; Ruida Zhang; Federico Tombari; Nassir Navab; Benjamin Busam
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: Category-level object pose estimation aiming to predict the 6D pose and 3D size of objects from known categories typically struggles with large intra-class shape variation. Existing works utilizing mean shapes often fall short of capturing this variation. To address this issue we present SecondPose a novel approach integrating object-specific geometric features with semantic category priors from DINOv2. Leveraging the advantage of DINOv2 in providing SE(3)-consistent semantic features we hierarchically extract two types of SE(3)-invariant geometric features to further encapsulate local-to-global object-specific information. These geometric features are then point-aligned with DINOv2 features to establish a consistent object representation under SE(3) transformations facilitating the mapping from camera space to the pre-defined canonical space thus further enhancing pose estimation. Extensive experiments on NOCS-REAL275 demonstrate that SecondPose achieves a 12.4% leap forward over the state-of-the-art. Moreover on a more complex dataset HouseCat6D which provides photometrically challenging objects SecondPose still surpasses other competitors by a large margin. Code is released at https://github.com/NOrangeeroli/SecondPose.git.
Physical Property Understanding from Language-Embedded Feature Fields
Authors: Albert J. Zhai; Yuan Shen; Emily Y. Chen; Gloria X. Wang; Xinlei Wang; Sheng Wang; Kaiyu Guan; Shenlong Wang
Venue: CVPR 2024 (main)

Abstract: Can computers perceive the physical properties of objects solely through vision? Research in cognitive science and vision science has shown that humans excel at identifying materials and estimating their physical properties based purely on visual appearance. In this paper we present a novel approach for dense prediction of the physical properties of objects using a collection of images. Inspired by how humans reason about physics through vision we leverage large language models to propose candidate materials for each object. We then construct a language-embedded point cloud and estimate the physical properties of each 3D point using a zero-shot kernel regression approach. Our method is accurate annotation-free and applicable to any object in the open world. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in various physical property reasoning tasks such as estimating the mass of common objects as well as other properties like friction and hardness.