M11高速公路 (英国)

title: 路线.
content: The M11 starts in South Woodford in northeast London at Junction 4, with the North Circular (A406), it then heads NNE, passing east of Loughton and Theydon Bois as well as Epping Forest, meeting the M25 motorway at Junction 6, and then veering approximately north, passing to the east of Harlow. The M11 gives access to Bishop's Stortford and the motorway's only service station via Junction 8. This is followed immediately by the recently constructed Junction 8A, which provides a free-flow link to the improved A120 that links to Stansted Airport. The M11 then traverses part of Cambridgeshire, meeting a spur for the A11 at Junction 9, and then finally ends at Junction 14, the busy Girton Interchange, with the road continuing through the junction and becoming the A14, which continues the route on to Huntingdon and the north.  The motorway starts with two lanes southbound and three northbound; then, north of Woodford Bridge, both directions have three lanes, a layout that continues up to Junction 8A, except for a brief two-lane section at Junction 6, beneath the M25. From Junction 8 the motorway has two lanes in both directions all the way to Junction 14 where the motorway terminates. The motorway is illuminated at the southern terminus near Junction 4, at Junction 6 (the M25 interchange), and also at the approach to Junction 8/8A (Stansted Airport/Bishop's Stortford), and then at the northern terminus at Junction 14, for the A14. All four of these sections use modern high pressure sodium (SON) lighting. The older, yellow, low-pressure sodium (SOX) lighting originally used at junctions 4 and 6 was replaced in 2005. The numbering of the M11 junctions is unusual, as 1–3 are neither used nor shared with another road (see 'History' section). This means that southbound drivers reaching the end of the M11 have to use the A12 & A11 to reach central London.
title: 服务.
content: The motorway's first, and only, service station, Birchanger Green Services at Junction 8, opened in 1996. The services also serve the A120, a major high-speed dual-carriageway road, running from Junction 8A to the eastern fringe of Braintree, it continues on to Colchester as a busy single-carriageway road.  Junction 8A for the A120 road and Stansted Airport opened in December 2002.
title: 申请过的发展计划.
content: By way of complementary plans for proposed expansion of Stansted Airport, the Highways Agency collaborated with BAA on improvements to transport access to the airport including two proposals for the M11, one of which has been deemed unnecessary, Junctions 6–8, see above and the other of which, including spur road and junction additions may be approved by the government if Stansted expansion takes place.
title: M11 and A120 Interchange – Stansted Generation 2 Airport Access.
content: A joint scheme involving works on junctions on the M11 and A120. This scheme was part of an aborted plan to add a second runway to Stansted Airport. It proposed changes to junction 8 of the M11 with the creation of junction 8B, linked to and situated just north of junction 8/8A and the creation of a new junction on the A120, to provide additional rapid access to the expanded airport. The scheme was given an estimated cost of £131 million in May 2008. Throughout 2007 a number of public consultations and exhibitions were held. Findings from these showed that although the public had several concerns regarding environmental impact 57% of attendees agreed the scheme would be necessary if the Stansted Airport expansion proceeded. Following the public consultation, the Preferred Route was published on 5 March 2008 and the Draft Orders on 27 March 2008. A pre-public inquiry meeting took place on 10 November 2008 with a public inquiry due in April 2009. However, this was delayed until further notice following BAA's appeal against the March 2009 ruling of the Competition Commission and the proposal lapsed when the application for a second runway was withdrawn by BAA in 2010.

Summary: M11高速公路是英国一条约55英里(88.5公里)长的高速公路,从南伍德福德的北圆路(A406)向北延伸至英格兰剑桥西北的A14号公路。 最初该高速公路是在1915年提出的,后来在1960年代考虑了各种计划,并于1975年至1980年之间进行了最终建设。该高速公路分阶段开放,第一阶段(在7号和8号交界处之间)于1975年6月开放,完整的高速公路于1980年2月全面开始运作。从南伍德福德(South Woodford)到吉尔顿(Girton),该高速公路可直达大型新市镇哈洛(Harlow)和剑桥市。自2002年以来,该高速公路极大地改善了前往伦敦斯坦斯特德机场的交通 。

M11 motorway: The M11 motorway is a 55-mile (88.5 km) motorway that runs north from the North Circular Road (A406) in South Woodford to the A14, northwest of Cambridge, England. Originally proposed as early as 1915, various plans were considered throughout the 1960s, with final construction being undertaken between 1975 and 1980. The motorway was opened in stages, with the first stage (between Junctions 7 and 8) opening in June 1975, and the completed motorway becoming fully operational in February 1980. Running from South Woodford to Girton, the motorway provides direct access to Harlow, a large new town, as well as the city of Cambridge and since 2002, the motorway has greatly improved access to London Stansted Airport, the fourth busiest airport in the United Kingdom.