sosus , an acronym for sound surveillance system , is a chain of underwater listening posts located around the world in places such as the atlantic ocean near greenland , iceland and the united kingdom — the giuk gap — and at various locations in the pacific ocean .

the united states navy 's initial intent for the system was for tracking soviet submarines , which had to pass through the gap to attack targets further west .

it was later supplemented by mobile assets such as the surveillance towed array sensor system ( surtass ) , and became part of the integrated undersea surveillance system ( iuss ) .

sosus

cosp is audited by gao . gao recognizes sosus role as a
force - multiplier
and recommends that sosus manning and budget be increased .
surface sonar buoys were also used to fill gaps in the sosus listening network .
sosus work stations ( sws ) replaced paper gram displays at nopf dam neck .
the sound surveillance system ( sosus ) provides deep - water long - range detection capability . sosus enjoyed tremendous success during the cold war tracking submarines by their faint acoustic signals . sosus consists of high - gain long fixed arrays in the deep ocean basins
the next year sosus detected and tracked its first soviet diesel submarine . later that year the sosus test system in the bahamas tracked a soviet foxtrot class submarine during the cuban missile crisis . sosus was upgraded a number of times as submarines became quieter .
capt joe kelly , known as the
father of sosus
, retired . >
aaron m . is drinking a sosus by toppling goliath brewing co . at ravinia festival
sosus systems consisted of bottom mounted hydrophone arrays connected by underwater cables to facilities ashore .
april , the uss thresher sinks ; sosus plays critical role in pinpointing location of incident .
navfac keflavik iceland established exactly one year after decision made to deploy sosus to the norwegian sea .
navy developed the sound surveillance system ( sosus ) . code named
jezebel
the sosus system provided critical monitoring of soviet submarine and ship movements , especially through the critical ocean gaps between greenland ,
craig c . is drinking a sosus by toppling goliath brewing co . at craig ' s bbq and brewery
( the gi - uk gap ) . sosus systems were so sensitive that trained observers could determine ship type
in 1 . 99 . 1 , the system mission was declassified and the next year it began reporting whale detections and sosus work stations began replacing paper lofargrams . the advanced deployable system became operational as part of iuss in 1 . sosus secrecy compromised . john ' s , newfoundland for attempting to obtain information on the sosus site at naval station argentia .
in 1961 , sosus tracked the uss george washington ( ssbn - 598 ) from the united states to the united kingdom .
in 1 . 95 . 3 , jezebel ' s research had developed an additional high - frequency system for direct plotting of ships passing over the stations , intended to be installed in narrows and straits , called project colossus . sosus goes operational . the next year sosus detected and tracked its first soviet diesel submarine . later that year the sosus test system in the bahamas tracked a soviet foxtrot class submarine during the cuban missile crisis . sosus was upgraded a number of times as submarines became quieter .
with the end of the cold war , sosus hydrophone arrays in both the atlantic and pacific faced an uncertain future of shutdowns and closings . consolidation of sosus by array retermination , remoting , or closure was complete by fy97 . closures included bermuda , adak , and keflavik . all other arrays will remain operational . sosus in the north pacific is currently being analyzed for low - frequency vocalizations from marine mammals living in the open ocean .
sosus used arrays of hydrophones ( underwater microphones ) strategically placed along the ocean bottom . the hydrophones were connected by cables to onshore monitoring stations .
sosus ( sound surveillance system ) .
encyclopedia of espionage , intelligence , and security . . retrieved july 09 , 2018 from urltoken urltoken
with the end of the cold war , sosus hydrophone arrays in both the atlantic and pacific face an uncertain future of shutdowns and closings . consolidation of sosus by array retermination , remoting , or closure will be complete by fy97 . recent closures include bermuda , adak , and keflavik . all other arrays will remain operational . sosus in the north pacific is currently being analyzed for low - frequency vocalizations from marine mammals living in the open ocean .
the technology is 49 years old . it would be silly to claim that china has not or cannot duplicate sosus in the waters off of china .
on the seafloor both sides positioned sophisticated listening devices . the more advanced u . s . system , called sound surveillance system ( sosus ) , consisted of strings of hydrophones planted at strategic spots on ocean bottoms . sosus was so sensitive that the navy tracked soviet subs thousands of miles from u . s . shores .
sosus ( sound surveillance system ) .
encyclopedia of espionage , intelligence , and security . . encyclopedia . com . ( july 9 , 2018 ) . urltoken
john anthony walker , a united states navy . chief warrant officer and communications specialist , divulged sosus operational information to the soviet union during the cold war which compromised its effectiveness . however , the sosus arrays themselves were based upon technology that could only be upgraded irregularly . with the ending of the cold war in the 1 . sosus decreased , and the focus of the us navy also turned toward a system that was deployable on a theatre basis . in effect , the end of the cold war eliminated much of the justification for maintaining iuss at its full capability , with the existence and capabilities of sosus and iuss being declassified in 1 . pacific fleet ( comsubpac ) .
the first 2x20 array was installed at navfac argentia . in april , the uss thresher sank , and sosus played a critical role in pinpointing the location of the incident .
i never worked on the sosus system , but the mine sweep i was on in the 70s would snag there ssq - 58a hydrophone buoys off the coast of calif .
sosus works best at tracking vessels on the high seas . its effectiveness is cut the closer a target gets toward the shore , where conflicting sounds and echoes rapidly increase .
eddie n . bernard , director of oceanic agency ' s pacific marine environmental laboratory , which uses sosus and is based in seattle , said he hoped common sense would prevail .
' ' the best kept secret in the navy is the capability of our sosus system to detect soviet submarines in various modes of operation and in various locations , ' ' he said .
having spent just a bit under 20 years in sosus , i want to follow up a bit on some of your information - keeping in mind that you were getting it second hand .
one intelligence source said relocating the sosus sensors ' ' would be an enormously expensive move ' ' and would be difficult to do secretly because the soviet union has vastly improved its satellite surveillance .
26 october , first positive correlation and sighting of a sosus contact ( navfac grand turks ) and vp contact on a soviet foxtrot class submarine during the cuban missile crisis ; designated charlie - 20 .
also , while there were sosus stations in both hawaii and guam , and there were two stations in great britain , there was never a station in kingsbay , england - actually i have never heard of kingsbay , england . there is a kingsbay , georgia , which is the east coast home of the ohio ssbn ' s , but there never was a sosus station in the immediate neighborhood .
in his most notable mosaic work , sosus of pergamon depicts doves sunning atop a golden chalice . the image was said to be so enticing that real birds flew into it while trying to reach their stone companions . this single - hop showcase is inspired by the beauty of divinity of the sosus mosaics . just as the doves discovered their golden nectar , discover the irresistible nature of the mosaic hop .
in 1992 , the navy , the national marine fisheries service and the coast guard used sosus to track fishing vessels in the pacific , to explore possible enforcement of international bans on drift - net fishing .
in a may 17 letter , commerce secretary brown asked the defense department to take no action to disable any sosus arrays until the completion of the joint study , which is to include other government agencies .
sosus arrays are being placed in a standby status in which the data is available but not continuously monitored . in the event of a resurgence in the global submarine threat the worldwide network of fixed undersea surveillance systems such as the sound surveillance system ( sosus ) a critical asset . since the end of the cold war , reservists have been increasing their role in this mission area . in a recent report , entitled
part of project jezebel was the study of short range , high frequency , upward looking sets of bottomed , active sources located in a strait as a complement to sosus ; this was known as project colossus .
march , soviet golf ssb ( k - 129 ) sinks nw of hawaii ; may , uss scorpion ( ssn 589 ) sinks sw of azores . sosus supports air force aftac system in localizing both vessels .
bell telephone laboratories , western electric corporation , and at & t ; were the prime contractors and essentially the creator of the arrays , cables , electronics , and processing systems for sosus systems from day one . this film documents some of the advancements through the 70 ' s . the film is also provides a look at the curious nature of shore - based naval culture during that period . the mission of sosus , its methods and practices , and the entire technological makeup were a closely held classified program ( project caesar ) until the very end of the cold war . even mentioning sosus in concert with asw was considered classified .
used mainly to track most of the comings and goings of vessels , military or not , through certain check points . like the straights of gibralter , greenland etc . very sensative and can chart sounds and detect them several thousands of miles away . the us navy is developing unmaned underwater vehicles . little remotely operated submarines that are possibly a new version of sosus , where they can patrol silently like a hunter killer sub , act as a roving sosus system , and can act like a more dangerous captor mine type of concept all in one . thats the future of sosus . movable unmaned subs acting like roving hydrophone arrays with torpedos .
by contrast , little is known publicly about the sosus networks after the cold war . defense systems reports that drapes , like sosus , will be a fixed passive listening system with a new communications capability to transmit its data . mobile systems like surtass have the advantage of being able to get closer to possible contacts and follow them , but can only be in one place at a time , and must eventually return to port . fixed systems like sosus , and now drapes , have the advantage of providing permanent coverage over target areas and then “cueing” a mobile sensor capability , like a ship or aircraft , to zero in on a submarine it detects .
one reason there were 30 iuss sites during the cold war is that the sosus systems had to be connected to collection facilities by underwater cable , requiring sites to be relatively local to the target area . but drapes will apparently use a new underwater communications system to transmit the acoustic data it collects to the three remaining navy operational processing facilities ( nopfs ) . these facilities combine data from the static sosus networks and surtass ships to provide “detection , localization , and tracking of submarines . ” drapes’ ability to provide wide coverage from a fixed location in the ocean , apparently without the need for additional nopf facility footprints , would be a substantial improvement over the old sosus network .
the first positive correlation and sighting was made , at navfac grand turks , of a sosus contact . a vp aircraft contact was made on a soviet foxtrot class submarine , designated charlie 20 , during the cuban missile crisis .
part of project jezebel was a design study of a short range , high frequency , upward - looking set of bottomed active sources to be located in a key strait as a complement to sosus ; this was known as project colossus .
first naval aviator to command an oceanographic system , capt richard a . hoffman , usn becomes cosp . he assumed title of commodore ( not heretofor used in the pacific system ) in order to emphasize real - time operational role of sosus .
' ' if the navy has got enough indicators that the soviets are doing things a little too smart , then they better start putting their hydrophones in different places , ' ' said a submarine expert who participated in the placement of the sosus sensors .
additionally , mit ' s concurrent creation of the bathythermograph , a device capable of measuring relative temperatures throughout the water column , helped spur on development of sosus by revealing that water temperature—not just pressure and salinity—affects the distance that low frequency sound travels underwater .
several submarine experts with experience in the navy and in the shipbuilding industry said they believed the gravest possibility was that the soviet union learned details about the navy ' s ability to detect soviet submarines , including sonar systems on american ships and the sosus devices .
see also . 2 , article by edward c . whitman . the acoustic monitoring project . the third battle : innovation in the us navy ' s silent cold war ( mit : march , 2 . sound surveillance system ( sosus ) , global . security . org . a letter from joe worzel to lamont - doherty earth observatory regarding the establishment of palisades geophysical institute , its work , and support of the education and research community . the sound surveillance system , federation of american scientists , intelligence resource program . navy article on sosus .
from 1992 to 1993 , biologists used sosus to track the migrations of whales , including a single blue whale as it swam southward from cape cod to bermuda , to florida and back to bermuda . all told , a trek of about 1 , 700 miles was closely monitored .
some experts , including former navy officers , said replacing the sound surveillance system , called sosus , was potentially one of the most difficult and costly measures needed to restore confidence in the american submarine fleet ' s command of the seas , if the allegations of a 20 - year spy network prove true .
the first sosus stations – navfacs – were sited from barbados to nova scotia on a huge semi - circle that opened onto the deepwater abyss west of the mid - atlantic ridge . later , additional atlantic - area stations were established at argentia , newfoundland , keflavik , iceland , and brawdy , wales .
in 1963 sosus data helped rule out sabotage or foul play in the sinking of the thresher , an advanced american submarine that sank off cape cod . close examination of recordings of underwater sounds revealed only the sickening thud of an implosion caused by crushing ocean pressures , not the sharp report of an explosion .
navfac keflavik was established exactly one year after the decision was made to deploy sosus in northern waters . project caesar was transferred to naval electronics systems command , code epo - 3 , located at main navy ( now the site of the vietnam memorial ) . the first 3x16 array system was terminated at keflavik .
1968 - in may , the uss scorpion submarine sank southwest of the azores . in this same year , a soviet golf class ssb sank north of hawaii . sosus played a key role in locating the sites of both disasters . the first detection of victor and charlie class soviet submarines were detected by navfac keflavik .
first usn women assigned to a sosus facility arrive at navfac eleuthera . group of 11 consists of lt susan canfield and 10 ots ( e2 - e5 ) : norah brown , iris wirth , barbara yates , mary zenes , yvette shmitz , debra rupp , dorothy hardin , kathy hardy , delta carr , and darla sutherland
specific combinations of temperature , pressure , and salinity may act to create
shadow zones
that are resistant to the propagation of sound waves or that act as reflectors of sound waves . soviet submarine captains attempted to use these zone or layer to conceal their ships from detection by surface sonar arrays . the layers could also to
bend
signals detected by the sosus array in order to attempt to conceal ship movements . in practice , staying within such layers proved impossible to maintain for extended periods , and intermittent sosus plots could be used to track ship movements or provide a probable position to explore with the use of sonar buoys dropped by airplane .
but a civilian bailout may be unlikely . an internal document from the the national oceanic and atmospheric administration , the arm of the commerce department now using sosus , says ,
n . o . a . a . is not prepared to pay for , or contribute to , the support of the systems and archives .
born of a three - way marriage of early cold war strategic necessity , world war ii progress in underwater acoustics , and an extraordinary engineering effort , the navy’s pioneering sound surveillance system – sosus – became a key , long - range early - warning asset for protecting the united states against the threat of soviet ballistic missile submarines and in providing vital cueing information for tactical , deep - ocean , anti - submarine warfare . and although subsequent events – most notably the end of the cold war – robbed sosus of much of its mission , its history remains an object lesson in how inspired , science - based engineering development can lead to extraordinary operational effectiveness .
for decades the sosus system was so secret the government refused to acknowledge its existence . the network was begun in the 1950 ' s as a way to strip the cloak of secrecy from enemy submarines . it turned out to work better than expected , prompting the navy to vastly expand its size in step with expanding soviet threat .
the sosus budget is down sharply , to $ 165 million this year from about $ 335 million in the fiscal year 1991 . for the fiscal year 1995 , the clinton administration has requested about $ 60 million . the number of personnel fell to 2 , 000 this year from 2 , 500 last year and is to drop to 750 by 1996 .
the usa built an anti - submarine hydrophone array – similar to sosus ( sound surveillance system ) in the north atlantic – in the sea of aland between finland and sweden in the 1980s . in the gulf of finland , finns used hydrophones donated by americans , forwarded information to them , and the americans helped the finns to put together a submarines ”voice library” .
though sosus is under siege , other treasures of technology from the cold war have successfully found civilian roles in addition to military duties . early - warning satellites have spied on meteor blasts in the atmosphere , submarines have dived for civilian scientists and nuclear - weapon labs have aided whole industries , including automobile makers looking for new batteries for electric cars . secrecy is lifted
the u . s . navy , too , began to install its own system of cabled hydrophones off the northwest pacific coast in 1951 . the sound surveillance system ( sosus ) was used , according to the woods hole oceanographic institution
for classified antisubmarine warfare and surveillance during the cold war .
following its declassification after the cold war ' s end , dual - use access was granted to the national oceanic and atmospheric administration ( noaa ) where it was repurposed to monitor undersea oceanic phenomena for scientific study , much as neptune is used today . but unlike neptune , “access to sosus is restricted , ” reads noaa’s website , “both in the sense that the data are classified and can only be used in a secure facility . ”
the navy is obviously in a terrible bind and needs to save ,
said dr . walter munk , an oceanographer at the scripps institution of oceanography in san diego , which is measuring ocean temperatures with sosus .
but i think it would be a mistake to precipitously close the arrays down , if only because of the chance of a political change in russia .
6 july , navfac barbados makes first detection of a soviet nuclear submarine as it crossed over the greenland - iceland - united kingdom ( giuk ) gap . second class sonar operator bill tilley is believed to be the navfac barbados on - watch operator responsible for the 6 july 1962 initial recognition / reporting of contact # 27103 - the first ever sosus detection of a russian nuclear submarine .
despite wide interest in the once - secret system , the navy says it has little money for old gear for deep - sea monitoring unneeded for new kinds of threats . rear adm . james g . prout 3d , deputy chief of staff of the pacific fleet , told the senate armed services committee in march that both the pacific and atlantic fleets were mothballing their sosus arrays . navy has substitute
on august 29 , 1991 , the national oceanic and atmospheric administration vents program began monitoring the northeast pacific ocean plate boundaries using continuously recorded data from the u . s . navy ' s sound surveillance system ( sosus ) hydrophone arrays . routine detection and location of small ( 2 . 46 events , and the activity level increased several months afterward , suggesting the . . . [ show full abstract ]
p wave arrivals recorded by the u . s . navy ' s sound surveillance system ( sosus ) hydrophone arrays were used to estimate earthquake detection thresholds and pn velocities in the northeast pacific ocean . the navy hydrophones have been used successfully to detect and locate oceanic earthquakes using their waterborne acoustic tertiary ( t ) waves ; however , use of these hydrophones for seismic body . . . [ show full abstract ]
the first prototype of a full - size sosus installation – a 1 , 000 - foot - long line array of 40 hydrophone elements in 240 fathoms of water – was deployed on the bottom off eleuthera by a british cable layer in january 1952 . after a series of successful detection trials with a u . s . submarine , the navy decided by mid - year to install similar arrays along the entire u . s . east coast – and then opted two years later to extend the system to the west coast and hawaii as well . these early sosus line arrays were positioned on the sea floor at locations that accessed the deep sound channel and oriented at right angles to the expected threat axis . their individual hydrophone outputs were transmitted to shore processing stations called “naval facilities” – or navfacs – on multi - conductor armored cables .
more important , the experts said , the russians may have been able to compute the sensitivity of these undersea microphones . by traveling at a slower speed , producing less noise , they might be able to sneak by the sosus system . soviet submarines thus might be able to move from safe harbors into open sea to mass for war without being detected , giving an added element of surprise to an attack , experts said .
since 1991 , noaa / pmel has routinely detected tertiary waves from ne pacific ocean earthquakes using the u . s . navy ? s sosus hydrophone arrays . tertiary ( t ) waves are seismically generated acoustic waves ( between 5 ? 50 hz ) that propagate over great distances in the oceanic sound channel with little loss in signal strength . low attenuation , combined with the availability of detailed ocean acoustic . . . [ show full abstract ]
a planned test , to be run by scripps in california , would measure the temperature of the ocean with sosus . the goal is to send sounds from underwater speakers across the pacific at least once a day every day for two years . since sound travels faster in warm water than cold , the test should detect changes in the sound ' s speed that would reveal temperature shifts as subtle as one - hundredth of a degree fahrenheit .
at the cold war ' s end , the navy began to share the elaborate system with civilian researchers . in 1991 federal scientists in newport , ore . , began to use sosus to listen to sea quakes , quickly detecting thousands of them . in 1993 , the scientists monitored the explosive fury of a deep - sea volcanic eruption and sent a small flotilla of research ships , robots and submersibles to explore the site . enforcing a fishing ban
in great secrecy , sosus in 1968 tracked a submerged soviet submarine as it shattered all previous speed estimates for its class by chasing the aircraft carrier enterprise across the pacific . a 1986 book ,
running critical ,
by patrick e . tyler , now a reporter for the new york times , says the surprising swiftness of the november - class submarine ignited congressional support for a new type of fast american attack sub , the los angeles class .
the sound surveillance system , or sosus , was used during the cold war exclusively to track the ships and submarines of america ' s foes . started in the mid - 1950 ' s , it spans the globe with a network of more than 1 , 000 underwater microphones grouped in arrays and tied to navy shore stations by some 30 , 000 miles of undersea cables . it can track undersea sounds over hundreds and sometimes thousands of miles of ocean .
captain williams of the naval warfare systems command said that of the 18 navy shore stations gathering sosus data in the 1980 ' s , all but 4 are to be closed down . in most cases , he said , the data from the arrays will be gathered by computer and transmitted by satellite to a central location but would be left unexamined by the navy . if the automation plan is completed , some of this data might be available to civilian scientists .
after three years of intensive development , the navy installed its first sosus array off the coast of eleuthera , a small island in the bahamas , in 1952 . this array , which consisted of a 1 , 000 foot long string of 40 hydrophones sunk to 240 fathoms ( 1440 feet ) , spotted us subs in the area so well that the navy immediately expanded the program to include the entirety of the eastern seaboard as well as the west coast and hawaii in 1954 .
indeed , rudimentary passive and active sonar techniques had already been used in world war i to search for submarines , but these earliest systems , at relatively high frequencies , achieved detection ranges of only several thousand yards under favorable conditions – and world war ii sonars seldom did much better . the basic physical phenomena subsequently exploited in sosus to achieve longer - range submarine tracking were only discovered in the late 1930s and not adequately understood until mid - way through the 1939 - 1945 war .
in addition to localized sound readings ( i . e . , sounds detected within the expected range of the hydrophones ) , sosus also picked up sounds channeled through specific conditions of state ( i . e . , pressure , temperature ) or salinity that create channels though which sound waves propagate over long distances with minimal resistance and minimal loss of strength . this sound fixing and ranging channel ( sofar channel ) was discovered independently by american and soviet scientists in 1943 during world war ii .
direct , indirect , and theoretical methods have been applied to data from various sources to estimate the detection thresholds of fixed hydrophone systems . these thresholds , when combined with frequency - magnitude scaling relationships derived from the global networks , provide predictions of the mean number of events expected for the juan de fuca ridge system . the results indicate that while the global networks are limited to a detection threshold of mb = 4 . 2 and 1 event / year ; earlier work with pmr / mils hydrophones and analog techniques was limited to mb = 3 . 4 and 15 events / year ; sosus hydrophones combined with digital signal processing techniques can detect a minimum mb = 2 . 5 and 265 events / year , perhaps as low as 2 . 4 as indicated by events recorded from northern california ; and beam forming of the sosus arrays can reduce the detection threshold to mb = 1 . 8 - 2 . 1 and 1 , 000 - 2 , 000 events / year .
development on the sound surveillance system ( sosus ) began in 1949 as a tactical , long - range means of countering the emerging soviet submarine threat , most of which were still running on easily trackable diesel engines . the idea was to monitor the sofar channel , a horizontal layer of ocean water through which sound travels at its slowest speed . this allows low frequency sounds , like the knocking of a diesel engine to travel hundreds of miles before dissipating . as edward c whitman of undersea warfare explains :
with the development of quieter submarines and counter - tactics to evade sosus , newer technologies have been implemented over the years to
keep up with the threat
. faster processors , higher capacity storage devices , and
cleaner code
has enabled the advancement of the art of locating undersea threats . currently , the integrated undersea surveillance system ( iuss ) uses all of these advancements in the fixed surveillance system ( fss ) , fixed distributed system ( fds ) , and the advanced deployable system ( ads ) .
gday , i ' m looking for info - mostly operational if possible - on the sound surveillence system . you would be surprised how little there is on the net . sorry to people that came on looking for some new conspiracy . the sosus system is just a lot of passive underwater hydrophones that listen for whales and earthquakes and such - and used to , during the cold war , detect the ruskie subs . i know a fair amount of people on this site have a history with the services , so surely someone was involved in the program ?
the cno letter suggested the following sites : sable island , cape hatteras , bermuda ( two arrays ) , eleuthera , and culebra , puerto rico . one week later cincpacflt wrote a letter to cno saying they wanted to be kept advised of progress and offering a plan for wiring up the pacific . at the end of june three major contracts had been put into effect – one for equipment , one for installation , and a third for the construction or expansion of a cable plant . and , for the first time , the low - frequency passive detection system was called sosus , for sound surveillance system .
in reflecting on the early years of sosus , what is most striking is how much was accomplished in remarkably short time . certainly a major factor was serendipitous confluence of events – the discovery that low - frequency sounds could travel great distances in the ocean , the realization that submarines radiate identifiable low - frequency energy , and the pioneering work at bell laboratories on visual speech analysis . ease of contracting was also an important element . the navy’s resolve to conduct undersea surveillance was crucial . the commitment of weco and bell laboratories and their decision to assign some of their best people to the project were of considerable consequence .
meanwhile , the navy continued to support maurice ewing , by then at columbia university’s hudson laboratory , to study the general phenomenology of low - frequency underwater sound . this effort , augmented by additional work at woods hole and the scripps institution of oceanography in california , was focused on establishing a solid understanding of long - range sound transmission and denoted project michael . when the findings of projects jezebel and michael were brought together for the purpose of designing , engineering , and deploying the broad - area surveillance system envisioned by hartwell’s frederick hunt , the resulting effort – with the highly classified acronym , sosus – was eventually given the unclassified designation , project caesar .
( left ) often located at isolated coastal sites in close proximity to their offshore arrays , many navfacs were surrounded by extraordinary natural beauty . this is navfac centerville beach , established in 1957 on the pacific coast approximately 225 miles north of san francisco . ( below ) a typical sosus watch floor – this one at centerville beach – held hundreds of lofar “gram - writers , ” each turning out a frequency - versus - time representation of an array’s low - frequency sound output along a given beam direction . the machines used an electrical discharge to mark the long “smoky paper” rolls , thus producing a distinctive sound – and the pervasive smell of ozone .
sosus immediately became an invaluable long - range early warning system for the americans . it was eventually supplemented by surface - based listening posts like the surveillance towed array sensor system ( surtass ) and was later integrated into the larger integrated undersea surveillance system ( iuss ) . the abrupt end of the cold war certainly diminished our need for such a system , however , growing concerns of china ' s rising naval power and russia ' s renewed agression have the navy ' s space and naval warfare systems command ( spawar ) propositioning to commercial ventures and defense contractors alike for a new generation of deep water listening stations . [ undersea warfare - military aerospace - spawar - wiki 1 , 2 - global security ]
in a top secret letter , cno directed buships to procure six sets of low frequency ranging ( lofar ) components for deployment for deployment in the north atlantic basin . the classified name sosus was established , and the unclassified name caesar was established to cover installation and production . the number of planned stations increased to nine later that year . hms alert installed an initial 40 - element operational array off eleuthera in early january for a 50 day total charter cost of $ 56k . cableships usns neptune and myer were assigned to project caesar . these humble beginnings of the
caesar fleet
were subsequently augmented ( over the next several decades ) with usns thor , aeolus , mizar , huddell , zeus , and a cameo appearance by usns waters .
the 50 ' s and 60 ' s witnessed the birth , early childhood development and growth of undersea surveillance ; originally the sound surveillance system ( sosus ) . with the 70 ' s came technology upgrades both in shore and underwater systems ; planning for new cable ships , super navfacs and the follow on to the towed array sensor system ( tass ) , the surveillance towed array sensor system ( surtass ) . the 80 ' s realized consolidation of shore assets due to technology advances in underwater systems , arrival of the first surtass ships , delivery of the cable ship usns zeus , and the end of the cold war ; this last one to have repercussions that most of us did not anticipate . the 90 ' s where we are today .
history . the panel allocated $ 1 . soviet submarine threat consisting primarily of a large fleet of diesel submarines . they decided on a system to monitor low - frequency sound in the sofar channel using multiple listening sites equipped with hydrophones and a processing facility that could detect submarine positions by triangulation . meanwhile , project jezebel at bell labs and project michael at columbia university focused on studying long range acoustics in the ocean . by 1 . 95 . 2 , enough progress resulted in top secret plans to deploy six arrays in the north atlantic basin , and the classified name sosus was used . the number of arrays was increased to nine later in the year , and royal navy and usn ships , including uss neptune and uss peregrine , started laying the cabling under the cover of project caesar .
the 50s and 60s witnessed the birth , early childhood , development , and growth of undersea surveillance , originally called the sound surveillance system ( sosus ) . with the 70s came technology upgrades both in shore and underwater systems . this decade also saw planning for new cableships , super navfacs , and the surveillance towed array sensor ( surtass ) system . the 80s witnessed consolidation of shore assets , enabled by technological advances in underwater systems , arrival of the first surtass ships , delivery of the cableship usns zeus , and the end of the cold war . thus far , the 90s have seen beginnings such as in the advanced deployable system ( ads ) and endings in the last of the navfacs , keflavik , ceasing operations . the following reflect upon some of the highlights of the past five decades . . .
sosus systems consisted of bottom mounted hydrophone arrays connected by underwater cables to facilities ashore . the individual arrays were installed primarily on continental slopes and seamounts at locations optimized for undistorted long range acoustic propagation . the combination of location within the ocean and the sensitivity of arrays allowed the system to detect acoustic power of less than a watt at ranges of several hundred kilometres ( the system is so sensitive that it can even detect the presence of soviet / russian tu - 9 . bear 4 - engine bombers flying overhead ; the tips of the bombers ' long propellers exceed the speed of sound , creating sonic booms as they rotate . these sonic booms reach the surface of the ocean below , which then transmits the sonic shocks to the underwater hydrophones . mawgan , cornwall ; antigua ; maritime data centre gibraltar , uk ; naval facility barbados ; naval facility eleuthera , bahamas ; naval facility san salvador , bahamas ; naval facility bermuda ; and naval facility grand turk .
since the 1950s , the navy ' s sosus has been supported at sea by a combined effort of at & t ; ( now lucent technologies ) and the military sealift command ( msc ) . the contract awarded to at & t ; each year was a sole - source contract , based on its unique capabilities to perform the cable handling at sea . in an attempt to foster competition and reduce the increasing costs of this work , a waiver signed by asn / rda , nora slatkin , authorized spawar to proceed with a full and open competition . award was made to a combination of at & t ; ( lucent ) and msc at significant savings over the overall estimated cost of the proposed work . both at & t ; and msc had reviewed their technical needs and business practices and had reduced both the number of people involved in the program , as well as the corporate structure ( overhead ) necessary to support the work . this award ended a 30 + year sole - source lock on this work and put the navy in a competitive position for the future .
in addition , us navy students earn a 6301p subspecialty code and phase 1 jpme certification .
the nps undersea warfare curriculum offers students the opportunity to study the fundamental principles that apply to the design , performance , and employment of sensors , unmanned vehicles , and tactics in the undersea environment . the program combines electrical and mechanical engineering , mathematics , oceanography , physics , and operations research into a multi - disciplinary program of study . this unique curriculum permits students to select a degree program based on personal interests and undergraduate education , providing more in - depth study in a specific area .
“the naval postgraduate school is unique . there are many institutions that solve problems and create new capabilities . nps solves our navy’s most vexing problems and creates our critical capabilities . in doing so , students also exchange ideas with the future leaders of the armed services of our allies and partners . this makes nps , its faculty , and its students a national strategic jewel in our nation ' s crown . ”
preserving american superiority from the depths of the sea ultimately rests in our ability to think and adapt faster than those who would oppose us . ours is a storied history of fielding offsetting capabilities in the face of global threats , but past performance is a poor guarantee of future success . the determined adversaries of near future conflicts are committed to winning the battle for the next great idea . the frontline of this fight remains the grounds of our academic institutions , with none more crucial to sustaining the initiative than the naval postgraduate school .
in my commander ' s intent for the submarine force , our force ' s vision for 2025 calls for us to
get faster .
nps develops officers with the intellectual foundation to be
fast
in our learning , processes , and innovation .
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urltoken
sharon nieukirk : senior research assistant ( pubs ) lauren roche : research assistant logan squiers : hydrophone tech .
the noaa / pmel vents program was re - organized into two separate focused programs : earth - ocean interactions and acoustics .
we develop unique acoustics tools and technologies to support the mission of noaa as well as other federal agencies , academic institutions and international partners . our primary goals are [ a ] to acquire long - term data sets of the global ocean acoustics environment , and [ b ] to identify and assess acoustic impacts from human activities and natural processes on the marine environment .
hydroacoustic monitoring allows the detection and precise location of small submarine earthquakes and volcanic activity .
underwater acoustic methods are being used to study the distribution of large whales in the open oceans .
studies on the cause and effect of ambient noise , both from natural and man - made sources , on marine ecosystems .
pmel researchers developed a unique hydrophone mooring that made the first sound recording at challenger deep in the mariana trench .
monitoring baseline ocean noise is critically important to understand both natural and anthropogenic changes in the marine ambient sound environment . a network of 11 ocean noise reference stations has been established in u . s . waters to measure changes and trends in natural and man - made ocean noise . natural sounds ranging from whale calls and volcanoes to anthropogenic sounds from shipping and oil / gas exploration are recorded by the moored , underwater hydrophones developed by pmel engineers and scientists and deployed in collaboration with nmfs - ost , all the fisheries science centers , nos marine sanctuaries , and the national park service . the establishment of a long - term record provides fundamental data needed to understand how increased noise in the ocean may affect marine life and ocean health . for more information , see : urltoken
strong earthquakes off the oregon coast : a sequence of strong earthquakes ( magnitudes 4 . 3 - 5 . 9 ) occurred on the seafloor ~ 250 miles west of newport , oregon . the earthquakes are along the western blanco fracture zone , a 200 mile long strike - slip fault located in water a mile deep . the blanco forms one of the southern boundaries between the small juan de fuca plate and the much larger pacific plate . clusters of earthquakes of this magnitude occur on the blanco fracture zone roughly every 3 - 5 years . ( june 1 , 2015 ) : usa today | weather channel | statesman journal | oregonian
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submarine experts said today that as a result of the walker family spy case , the navy might have to rebuild portions of the undersea network of sound detectors that are a crucial early warning system against a soviet nuclear attack .
the navy has not completed its appraisal of what steps might be needed to compensate for security breaches that may have resulted . experts interviewed today stressed that it was too early to be sure what countermeasures would be required .
navy spokesmen , citing the confidential nature of investigations by the justice department and a navy intelligence team , declined to comment .
in interviews today , experts in navy affairs said they believed reports so far of possible military damage from the purported spy ring might have been exaggerated .
several experts said the worst danger would be if moscow had gained information that would help it track american submarines carrying ballistic missiles . the submarines are considered the least vulnerable portion of america ' s nuclear arsenal .
the experts said they believed none of the suspects arrested so far in the case had access to recent information involving the submarines . the submarines operate under a command independent of non - nuclear navy forces and with separate communications .
so far , the experts said , the only suspect with experience aboard submarines carrying nuclear missiles is john a . walker jr . his experience in the 1960 ' s as a radioman aboard two submarines carrying polaris - class missiles , experts said , would probably have given him access to only limited information of value to moscow .
the polaris class of vessel was succeeded by poseidon submarines , which are now being replaced by trident submarines . a number of polaris submarines are still in service , but they have been extensively modernized .
stansfield turner , a retired admiral and former director of central intelligence , said today : ' ' my alarm focuses on john walker and his experience in the ballistic missile submarine force . ' '
but admiral turner said mr . walker would probably have had access to little information that would threaten more modern submarines . ' ' it isn ' t going to make our subs totally vulnerable tomorrow , ' ' he said .
a former submarine commander with wide experience in the pentagon and the shipbuilding industry , who spoke on condition that he not be named , said : ' ' i can ' t picture any serious loss of strategic submarine security . that ' s a totally isolated command , and i think rightfully so . ' '
dr . harlan k . ullman , a former navy officer and pentagon consultant , said ' ' it ' s my understanding ' ' that the ballistic - missile submarine force ' ' remains silent on patrol . ' '
' ' john walker may have had access to operational details with a very short half - life , ' ' dr . ullman said , ' ' but i think the damage has been greatly exaggerated . ' '
nonetheless , several experts said they assumed that , because of the walker case , the navy had changed the travel patterns of the submarines and had altered codes and radio frequencies .
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in the 1950 ' s and 1960 ' s , the united states draped chains of sound - sensitive devices called hydrophones along the sea bottom and on the continental shelf at key points separating soviet ports from the open seas .
according to several submarine experts , if the soviet union had access to many years of navy communications reports on russian submarine movements , it may have been able to deduce the weak points in this network .
one intelligence source said some navy officers had long suspected from watching changes in soviet submarine movements that the russians had access to inside information . but navy officials have debated for years whether the russians ' information came from a close reading of published technical data or from spies .
rear adm . gene r . larocque , a retired expert in antisubmarine warfare who now directs the center for defense information , a private research group that is often critical of the administration , said he doubted such a drastic step as replacing the system would be necessary .
but he said the navy might need to add sensors to ' ' blind areas . ' '
' ' the soviets know where some of the sensors are already , ' ' admiral larocque said . ' ' they know it exists . ' '
but he said that if it became clear that the spy ring had given away the precise detection abilities of the network , the navy might need more sensitive devices .
the espionage case has heightened congressional interest in a $ 10 million study by the central intelligence agency of the security of united states missile - carrying submarines .
representative les aspin , democrat of wisconsin , chairman of the house armed services committee , said in a telephone interview , ' ' we asked for an assessment of how invulnerable the strategic submarine force is , and how invulnerable it might be in the future . ' '
he stressed that the 18 - month study , which was requested last year , was not prompted by any specfic incident or threat to the submarine fleet .
mr . aspin said he assumed that if any sensitve information regarding the nuclear submarine force had been passed to the soviet union as a result of the alleged spying , this would be addressed in the study .


stein mart is an american discount men and women 's department store chain based in jacksonville , florida .

the company reported a profit of $ 25.6 million in 2013 with operation of 260 stores in 29 states .

stein mart has locations primarily in the southeast and texas .

stein mart stores carry recent trends in clothing for both men and women .

additionally , home décor , accessories , and shoes are all available at discounted prices .

stein mart

stein mart ceo jay stein at the stein mart location in chantilly , va .
your stein mart style credit card or stein mart elite credit card is issued by synchrony bank . the synchrony bank privacy policy governs the use of the stein mart style credit card or stein mart elite credit card . the use of this site is governed by the use of the synchrony bank internet privacy policy , which is different from the privacy policy of stein mart .
a : you can receive a replacement certificate by calling stein mart credit card customer service at 1 - 855 - 269 - 2139 for the stein mart credit card and 1 - 866 - 864 - 2149 for the stein mart platinum mastercard .
join stein mart today , we’ve got a great career in store for you .
jay stein , ceo of retailer stein mart , discusses the biggest challenges the retail industry faces and his leadership philosophy .
the company announced tuesday it named dawn robertson as the new ceo of stein mart .
stein mart , inc . ( smrt ) dividend date & amp ; history - urltoken
sign up today and start enjoying the benefits of being a stein mart preferred customer .
eschewing shoes , stein mart prefers to outsource its footwear department to proven shoe retailers . dsw is the exclusive operator of shoe departments in all of stein mart ' s stores .
april 2017 : this case was consolidated with another similar lawsuit , schuh v . stein mart .
stein mart , inc . ( smrt ) ceo hunt hawkins on q1 2018 results - earnings call transcript
stein mart went through three ceos from 2001 to 2011 , when stein was reinstated as interim ceo . he was officially named as ceo in june .
stein mart® associates may find all relevant human resource , associate services , benefits and family support information here .
ceo closeup : jay stein ' s personal stein mart touch from the looks of him , jay stein is a retailer . donning circular tortoise - shell glasses that frame his tanned check out this story on urltoken urltoken
russian immigrant sam stein founded stein mart in the early 1900s . the company had one store in greenville , mississippi , until 1977 , when it began growing rapidly .
robertson has been appointed to the board of directors as well as being given the top executive slot in stein mart .
april 2017 : this case was dismissed and consolidated with another lawsuit against the store , sperling v . stein mart .
“stein mart : an american story of roots , family , and building a greater dream” is concise and honest — periods of poor sales and earnings and stein family infighting and disagreements are dutifully presented along with the successes and joys . ginzl does an excellent job of painting a true picture of both the steins and stein mart . if one wants to know the “real” stein mart story , get a copy and enjoy .
sign up to track 65 nationally aired tv ad campaigns for stein mart . in the past 30 days , stein mart has had 812 airings and earned an airing rank of # 954 with a spend ranking of # 963 as compared to all other advertisers . competition for stein mart includes macy ' s , jcpenney , walmart , kohl ' s , target and the other brands in the retail stores : department stores industry . you can connect with stein mart on facebook , twitter and youtube .
stein is president and ceo of his family ' s namesake , stein mart , a chain of 262 stores — 263 as of thursday , when another opens in watchung , n . j . — primarily throughout the southeast and texas . it ' s headquartered in jacksonville . as stein says ,
stein mart does best where the sun shines .
stein mart , inc . ( nasdaq : smrt ) files an 8 - k submission of matters to a vote of security holders
nashville ' s bohan advertising chosen agency of record for creative and strategic services by jacksonville - based national fashion retailer stein mart .
stein mart is appointing bohan advertising as its new aor following a formal review as the national retailer redefines its marketing and communications efforts .
being a stein mart preferred customer has its privileges . use your card every time you shop - it ' s easy and free !
stein mart ' s success may have as much to do with offering customers great deals as with its familial roots and personality . stein has an 87 % approval rating on job ratings site glassdoor .
a : yes , reward certificates can be redeemed in store toward any merchandise and used just like cash at stein mart when using your stein mart credit card . also , reward certificates can be used in addition to any other offers or discounts in store when making a transaction .
jacksonville , florida - based national retain chain stein mart appointed nashville - based independent agency bohan as its creative and strategic agency of record .
in the past , stein mart has worked with agencies including orlando’s fry hammond barr and arnold new york , according to the nashville post .
stein mart , inc . announced this week the appointment of maryanne morin as president of the company , with responsibility over merchandising and marketing .
a : as long as you continue to spend at least $ 500 at stein mart within a calendar year , your elite status is secure .
robertson is replacing stein , who was the longtime ceo . stein is the founder of the company and told the stein mart board of directors he wanted a reduced role in the company but would remain as chairman of the board , a company news release said tuesday .
stein mart also conducted extensive consumer marketing research to help provide better clarity of its brand . one key takeaway was that customers view stein mart as a hybrid between the department stores and off - price retailers . thus customers are a bit uncertain of what the brand stands for , the company has concluded .
welcome back ! please enter your email address and password to sign into your online shopping account . this is different than your stein mart credit card account .
a : no . however , all stein mart elite cardholders will continue to earn 1 point per $ 1 spent everywhere else mastercard® is accepted * * .
whether it’s in one of our 290 stores or online at steinmart . com , you’ll find great deals are always in and in style at stein mart® .
jay had a slightly different vision for stein mart than his grandfather or father . jay began changing stein mart’s merchandise to a higher quality product , at a higher yet still discounted price , than previous merchandise . jake was not impressed with the idea , but jay insisted . it has proved an unqualified success .
the founder of jacksonville - based stein mart inc . , jay stein , is stepping down as ceo of the fashion merchandise and apparel stores , though he will remain with the company as chairman of the board of directors .
for party season , stein mart has a selection of reasonably priced evening and cocktail dresses appropriate for any social occasion . and if you need to add a splash of contrast , we have attractive shrugs that’ll add that extra spark . whatever the season , you’ll find attractive and stylish apparel for women at stein mart .
stovall admitted that while the home business began to show recently a
turnaround
at other major chains ,
it didn ' t at stein mart .
stein mart soon gained similar relationships with other retailers such as neiman - marcus and nordstrom . and it became an institution , almost a way of life , for people in greenville and surrounding areas . no longer a store only for the less affluent , shoppers at stein mart now included those with money and discerning tastes . doctors and lawyers rubbed shoulders with blue - collar workers and farmers . many native greenvillians that had moved away would return to greenville simply to shop at stein mart .
he said that about five years ago , home comprised about 20 % of stein mart ' s total business ; today , that number has shrunk to 12 % .
we invite you to explore the many ways stein mart® and its associates take on a social responsibility within our community through time , donations and causes we believe in .
the goal is to
return home to a destination for the stein mart customer . we lost that position . and we think it has a tremendous effect on our total business . the customer came to stein mart for that special gift and we were at mass merchant prices . so you ' ll see that whole thing change .
stein mart ' s style is to operate department store - like stores that feature discount prices while maintaining an upscale vibe . with about 290 shops in some 30 states as well as an online presence , it sells off - price women ' s , men ' s , and children ' s brand - name clothing . fashions range from casual to formal . stein mart also sells jewelry , handbags , linens , home decor , and gifts . an independent firm leases stein mart ' s shoe departments . its target customers are mature women with household incomes of $ 100 , 000 and a taste for bargains . stein mart tries to place stores in shopping malls in upscale areas . chairman jay stein , the founder ' s grandson , controls the company .
a : visit www . steinmartcredit . com . you can pay your bill , review your recent transactions , and view your statement and balance . for help by phone , call customer service at 1 - 855 - 269 - 2139 for the stein mart credit card and 1 - 866 - 864 - 2149 for the stein mart platinum mastercard .
stein mart then took another approach . the retailer installed a new leadership team in its home business
and said we are going to reinvent it - top to bottom .
bohan is a good fit culturally for our organization , and their retail expertise uniquely positions them to understand the stein mart brand , ” stated hunt hawkins , ceo , stein mart . “bohan has shared interesting insights not only on the dynamic retail industry but also on our customers . we look forward to their creative direction as we move forward . ”
stein mart ' s advertising budget was $ 59 . 6 million , $ 57 . 5 million and $ 56 . 3 million for 2016 , 2015 and 2014 , respectively .
“bohan is a good fit culturally for our organization , and their retail expertise uniquely positions them to understand the stein mart brand , ” said hunt hawkins , stein mart’s chief executive officer . “bohan has shared interesting insights not only on the dynamic retail industry but also on our customers . we look forward to their creative direction as we move forward . ”
bohan trish mcgee , 615 - 327 - 1189 tmcgee @ urltoken or stein mart , inc . linda tasseff , 904 - 858 - 2639 director of investor relations ltasseff @ urltoken
in connection with morin ' s arrival , d . hunt hawkins was appointed ceo of stein mart , effective jan . 24 . hawkins was named the company ' s interim ceo in september 2016 , and previously served as stein mart ' s president and chief operating officer from 2014 to 2016 , and executive vice president , chief operating officer from 2011 to 2014 .
today , about 30 % of the home department ay stein mart stores reflects the
reinvent
changes , with
the biggest change
in the home textiles segment , he said .
florida - based stein mart serves customers in about 30 us states , primarily high - growth states such as its home state as well as in texas , california , and north carolina .
july 2015 : a class - action lawsuit was filed against stein mart , inc . for allegedly deceptively comparing its prices to fabricated higher prices in order to make consumers believe that they are saving money by buying its products . ( sperling et al v . stein mart , inc . , case no . 15 - cv - 1411 , c . d . ca . )
stein mart , inc . ( nasdaq : smrt ) files an 8 - k departure of directors or certain officers ; election of directors ; appointment of certain officers ; compensatory arrangements of certain officers
but when he opens his mouth , you realize stein is something else : a storyteller . of how his family ' s chain of department stores , stein mart , got its name — the first store in greenville , miss . , was called stein ' s self service , but when stein ' s father jake bought more real estate to make the store bigger , he wanted a new name . stein ' s uncle said he had a friend in arkansas named sam walton who was opening stores and calling them walmart .
stein mart is making several adjustments in order to attract more shoppers to its stores . the company is providing more regional fashion such as stocking more colorful , casual dresses in florida and more muted and formal women ' s wear in california . stein mart is stocking more athletic - leisure wear ( sometimes referred to as athleisure ) to partake of the trend toward donning active but comfortable wear in non - athletic situations . furthermore , the company wants to find more
special items ,
unexpected goods at lower prices that lend a
treasure hunt
aspect to stein mart shopping .
stein mart , inc . ( nasdaq : smrt ) is a national specialty and off - price retailer offering designer and name - brand fashion apparel , home décor , accessories and shoes at everyday discount prices . stein mart provides real value that customers will love every day both in stores and online . the company currently operates 292 stores across 31 states . for more information , please visit urltoken .
it looks so damn good ,
stein says in his slight southern accent .
stein says merchandise quality had deteriorated , and the company was being
impersonalized .
due to the growth , in 1984 stein mart moved its corporate headquarters to jacksonville , fla . , where the growth continued and more loyal customers were gained . in 1992 , the company went public .
vendors are invited to refer to our vendor relations website to learn more about becoming a stein mart® vendor , store planning and real estate . also , you can view our vendor code of conduct page here .
historical daily stock prices for stein mart since 1992 adjusted for splits and dividends . open , high , low , close ( ohlc ) data as well as percentage changes for multiple date ranges . display 20 , 50 and 200 day moving averages and export charts as images to use in articles and blogs . the latest closing price for stein mart ( smrt ) as of july 06 , 2018 is 2 . 10 .
january 2017 : a class - action lawsuit was filed against stein mart for allegedly deceptively advertising pricing discounts by comparing its price to a false market price to make customers think they are receiving a substantial discount when , in reality , they are not . ( morales et al v . stein mart , inc . and does 1 - 10 , case no . 17 - cv - 159 , c . d . ca . )
for a more formal work wardrobe , stein mart’s affordable women’s work attire is exactly what you need . check out our suit separates to create a clean , professional , and contemporary look . pair a blazer with one of our bright fashion dresses or use it to assemble the perfect outfit to transition from work to evening . whatever your work style , visit stein mart where you can save up to 60 % off department store prices , every day .
according to mediapost , stein mart spent $ 59 . 6 million on advertising last year , up from $ 57 . 5 million in 2015 . like a lot of retailers , the chain has struggled with sluggish sales recently .
“bohan’s creative roots run deep in the retail sector , and the opportunity to work with a client of stein mart’s caliber is certainly one that we’re excited about , ” said shari day , bohan’s president and chief executive officer .
the chain bills itself as a discount retailer . stores feel like a smaller version of macy ' s , but with the kind of prices you ' d find at designer discounters such as tj maxx . stein himself compares the company with marshall ' s or nordstrom rack . he says pricing strategy is what sets stein mart apart .
later in the presentation , stovall added that while stein mart ' s home area is admittedly
going to turn half as fast as women ' s apparel , it will be profitable and we think it is worth the investment .
create an oasis in your bedroom with luxurious , affordable bedding from stein mart . we have an exceptional selection of bed comforters , blankets , and pillows in many sizes , colors and prints . find an array of individual comforters , sheets , and pillows , or consider our attractive comforter sets that will keep your bedroom colors perfectly coordinated . our bedding collection also comes in every size from king to twin , for your convenience . upgrade your bedding affordably at stein mart .
“bohan’s creative roots run deep in the retail sector , and the opportunity to work with a client of stein mart’s caliber is certainly one that we’re excited about , ” bohan president and chief executive officer shari day said in a statement .
stein mart makes finding beautiful and affordable decorative accents easy . from artwork to area rugs , our selection of home decorations has something for everyone . uncover items perfect for any room of the house including decorative storage containers and pillows . create a designer bedroom with our array of beautiful products from all your favorite designers . when you’re looking for decorative accents on a budget , come to stein mart , where you’ll save up to 60 % off department store prices , every day .
“bohan is a good fit culturally for our organization , and their retail expertise uniquely positions them to understand the stein mart brand , ” added stein mart ceo hunt hawkins , who was officially appointed to that position earlier this year after serving as interim ceo since last september , when former ceo dawn robertson resigned . “bohan has shared interesting insights not only on the dynamic retail industry but also on our customers . we look forward to their creative direction as we move forward . ”
“i believe more firmly than ever if we can cast the stein mart net a little wider , gain the attention of more of our customers’ friends and contemporaries , we will be able to return this company to profitability , ” stovall said .
jacksonville , fla . - stein mart inc . said it is aggressively working to regain the business it lost over the past five years in its home department with a recently embarked its
home reinvent
initiative that is already making progress .
furnish your bathroom with affordable bath décor and accessories from stein mart . our selection of towels are super soft , absorbent , and quick drying , while our comfy bath mats will allow you to comfortably dry off without making a mess . we also have bathroom accessories to add a touch of luxury to your bathroom countertop and our shower curtains will add a touch of style to any bath . transform your bathroom without breaking the bank , with stein mart’s collection of bath accessories and towels .
* subject to credit approval . 10 % off account opening offer valid on first online purchase with your new credit card account . excludes stein mart gift cards . in order to qualify for the reward certificate offer , you must make two stein mart or urltoken purchases with your stein mart credit card that posts to your account within the first 60 days of account opening . cash advances , balance transfers , interest charges and fees do not qualify for this offer or reward points . account must remain open , in good standing and not become delinquent at the time the reward certificate is issued . please allow for up to two billing periods after the promotional period ends for the reward certificate to be issued . see rewards terms for details .
selecting a fashionable wardrobe is not easy , but stein mart’s selection of women’s clothing for less can make it much easier . whatever the occasion , we have casual and formal attire that touches on all the current trends . women ' s tops are often the cornerstone of any casual outfit and we have a large selection of blouses , sweaters and jackets that’ll provide the foundation for many different looks . and when temperatures cool , our women ' s pullover sweaters are comfortable and a perfect match for relaxing at home or going out with friends . for occasions when work attire is needed , stein mart has women ' s suit separates that offer a polished , professional look ideal for the office . visit stein mart to find women’s apparel perfect for any event .
stein mart is taking a fresh look at its advertising strategy as it tries to compete in today ' s competitive and evolving retail landscape . in february , the retailer named maryanne morin as its new president of merchandising and marketing to oversee all advertising .
stein mart typically targets a well - dressed woman age 35 to 60 who boasts a higher than average income . the company tries to occupy the niche between mall - based department store that charge higher prices and off - price chains which offer lower prices to customers .
one of the great rags - to - riches stories in the history of mississippi business is being told for the first time in the new book “stein mart : an american story of roots , family , and building a greater dream . ” published by the university of tampa press ( $ 25 hardback ) and written by david j . ginzl , the 172 - page book chronicles stein mart’s rise from one man and his bag of wares to a publicly owned national retailer with more than 260 stores scattered across the u . s .
at stein mart , you’ll find incredible values on designer bedding and bath towels . for the bedroom , we have an excellent selection of bedding from well - known designers , including a selection of linens and accents . choose from a range of designer comforter sets to enhance the look of any bedroom and add a set of lavish cotton sheets that will make you want to stay in bed all day . treat yourself with designer bedding and towels from stein mart , where you can save up to 60 % off department store prices , every day .
make your home special with affordable home décor from stein mart . whether you’re working on one room or several , we have a wide selection of home décor that will have you finishing the project with money to spare . create a warm and inviting atmosphere with some of our attractive lighting fixtures or add a splash of color to any furniture with decorative pillows ; whatever you choose , you’ll save plenty . finally , dress up walls with wall décor , decorative signs and picture frames featuring memorable moments . stein mart has reasonably priced house décor you’ll love .
from the looks of him , jay stein is a retailer . donning circular tortoise - shell glasses that frame his tanned
in what today would be called a pop - up shop , stein persuaded his father to let him open a temporary store in the closest big city , memphis , for sell - off merchandise .
for one whole week , the town went wild ,
he says .
it was very successful .
that was in 1977 . a year later , the store became a permanent fixture and led stein mart ' s expansion into a retail chain . stein followed up with a third store in nashville in 1980 .
stein mart offers customers merchandise found in better department stores and specialty stores . unlike other retailers who peddle discounted apparel and accessories , the company offers a merchandise locator services , a preferred customer program , co - branded and private - label credit card programs , and electronic gift cards .
in a move that could offer more incentives to customers and increase loyalty , stein mart , working with synchrony financial , began offering a private - label credit card . the deal also offers a better financial return for the company that its mastercard arrangement with synchrony , which remains in place .
and of being inspired by other retailers — even calling his director of stores gary pierce during his interview with usa today to have pierce tell the story of stein calling him in excitement from an anthropologie in jacksonville , about six months ago after seeing the retailer ' s hardwood floors . now the gift departments of newer stein mart stores have hardwood floors , and sales are up 20 % there since installing them .
in an attempt to mend this , stein altered its home assortment to include more promotional goods . but the effort backfired .
offer valid online only . ends 7 / 15 . discount applied in bag . 25 % off clearance shoes . one time use per transaction on clearance items . cannot be combined with other coupon offers on these items . not valid on previously purchased merchandise . not for use by stein mart associates .
stein was born into retailing . his grandfather , sam stein , started the company in 1908 with a store in greenville . by the time jay was born in 1945 , his father , jake , was running the store ( sam had died in the 1930s ) .
you’ll find housewares for every room of your home at stein mart . from functional items like dinner sets and kitchenware to decorations like wall décor and decorative embellishments , we have everything you need to make a house a home . the center of every home is the kitchen , and we have an array of tabletop items including kitchen supplies , table linens , serve ware and more all at great everyday low prices . and when it’s time to give a room that special touch , we have art wall décor and decorative accents perfect for a bedroom , family room or even the kitchen . visit stein mart for housewares to make any room special .
during the mid - tier off - price department store ' s presentation this morning at the bank of america merrill lynch 2010 smid cap conference , president and ceo david stovall jr . outlined several steps stein mart has made and is making to improve its lagging home product performance , with special attention on the home textiles categories .
for stein , the business is personal . every customer is sent off from the store with a thank - you note from stein , printed in his handwriting . it reads ,
there is no company more grateful for its friends and customers than we are . . .
while at a store in chantilly , va . , for the usa today interview , several employees asked to have their picture taken with stein .
at stein mart® , our buyers are constantly searching the market for the newest and most popular brand name fashion for you and your home . we hunt for surprising finds by up - and - coming designers and one - of - a - kind boutique pieces not found at any other store , and offer it all at incredibly low prices .
march 2017 : one of the named plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed his claims without prejudice , the reasons for which have not been disclosed . the claims of the other named plaintiff and the class remain pending . ( schuh et al v . stein mart , inc . , case no . 17 - cv - 159 , c . d . ca . )
take the worry out of your purchase . if you are not satisfied with an online stein mart purchase , return it with a valid receipt within 60 days . for all other questions about returns , or instructions on how to return your product using our hassle free return label or via the usps , ups or fedex , view our full return policy .
stein is an only child , making the question of who would inherit the family business easy to answer . after graduating from new york university in 1967 , stein returned to greenville to work for his father for the next 10 years . but they didn ' t always have the same vision for the company .
while the company is taking a conservative approach to growth , stein mart aims to maintain its presence in the southeastern us and in texas . during fiscal 2016 , the retailer planned to open 12 stores , relocate two stores , and close one store . the new stores are expected to increase sales an estimated 4 % above its comparable store sales increases for the year .
fashion must be able to adapt to the weather and stein mart’s apparel for women can meet any need . during the warm summer months , you’ll find casual styles that include everything from women’s swimwear to capri pants that’ll keep you on trend and looking great . for the latest fashion trends , all year long , our new arrivals section has must have styles at great prices .
stein has been in and out of the ceo spot . he was appointed by the board as interim ceo in 2010 after former ceo david h . stovall retired .
however , as the title implies , the history of stein mart is really the story of a remarkable jewish family . sam stein was born in 1882 in russia , the son of a bakery owner . sam’s father was a magistrate in grodno in west russia , and thus escaped much of the persecution russian jews were experiencing at the time . still , when sam was drafted into the russian army in 1904 , as a jew he faced a mandatory 25 - year enlistment and almost certain death as jews were put on the front lines as “canon fodder . ”
today’s stein mart bears little resemblance to the old , primarily due to the vision and drive of jake’s son , jay stein . described by ginzl as a “boy wonder , ” jay had worked at the store as a child , and came on full - time as an adult , becoming president and ceo in 1978 . he stressed areas of the business such as customer service , inventory control and sound management , which his father had been less interested . dapper and affable , jay was a constant presence on the sales floor , talking and listening to the customers .
whatever your style , you’ll find your path to success at stein mart . store positions are available in customer service , merchandising , operations , loss prevention and store management . and there are great opportunities available at our corporate headquarters located in beautiful jacksonville , florida . come be part of our shared commitment to satisfy and delight each customer , while we support the growth and happiness of each one of our team members .
like most retailers not named urltoken , stein mart has struggled to cultivate online sales . to remedy that situation , the company launched a redesigned website during the year . it offers a cleaner interface , easier navigation and checkout , and can be used on phones as well as computers . the retailer has room to grow with online sales , considering that less than 1 % of its 2016 revenue came from its website .
when he returned to the company , his wife deanie stein told usa today they would tour stores and could
see on ( employees ' ) faces how relieved they were .
we have the most loyal base of fans of i think any retailer in america ,
says stein , pointing out the company ' s more than 400 , 000 facebook
likes .
stein is on the road nearly every week , traveling frequently to new york city and to visit his stores . but he ' s not necessarily there to see how things are going .
stein mart , inc . operates retail store chain offering fashionable , current - season , primarily branded merchandise comparable in quality and presentation to that of traditional department and fine specialty stores at prices typically 25 % to 60 % below those regularly charged by such stores . the company is focused on assorting merchandise that features moderate to designer brand - name apparel for women , men and children , as well as accessories , gifts , linens , shoes and fragrances .
stein mart has maintained growth at a steady if somewhat slow pace . in 2016 ( ended january ) , sales inched up 3 % to about $ 1 . 3 billion from 2015 . that 3 % matches the company ' s five year average revenue increase . for 2016 , the company mustered just a 1 % increase in same - store sales on increases in average units - per - transaction and average - unit retail prices , but offset the fewer transactions .
at that point , he also had another goal in mind : become president of the company . stein wanted to join the young president ' s organization , a professional group that only admits company presidents younger than 40 . this proved an easy feat , having no siblings to fight with about titles , and a father who only cared to focus on the greenville store . stein was 36 when he essentially appointed himself president .
he was not an easy man to work with because he had very strong opinions and because he was a product of the depression ,
stein says .
he clearly wasn ' t expansion minded .
nobody would listen ,
stein says .
they didn ' t want to . they thought they had a better plan . they were good people ; they just didn ' t understand the culture .
a : each time you earn a certificate , we’ll include it in your monthly billing statement that you receive in the mail . or , if you’re enrolled in online account management , your certificate will be mailed to you . simply bring it with you on your next in - store stein mart shopping spree and use it like cash . you can even combine it with coupons ! note that even though your certificate is included on your online statement you must use the certificate that is mailed to you via the usps .
to maintain traffic in its stores , the retailer lures customers with full - color circulars that are inserted into newspapers and mailed directly to homes . it also leverages direct mail , newspaper run of press advertising , and email to distribute its sales promotion messages . stein mart boosts brand awareness through television and radio ads . online , the company taps digital media vehicles , such as online advertising and social networking sites the likes of facebook and twitter . the company has relaunched a website designed to generate more online sales and store traffic .
stein himself said he felt comfortable with robertson ' s appointment as ceo as she has decades of executive management experience in major retailer and department stores . robertson has had previous experience at retailers including old navy and myer stores among others .
stein gave up his year - end bonus last year , distributing it to store employees to use for meals out with each other or other activities . he says his bonus was the thank - you letters he received from customers in the months following his return to the company .
upon sam’s death in 1933 , the mantle passed to his son , jake , who took his father’s concept of low - priced merchandise to a new level . a defining moment is when the company formed a relationship with high - end clothing retailer saks fifth avenue , which had a liberal return policy . left with a significant amount of unsold merchandise , saks agreed to sell it to stein mart , which in turned offered it to the public at deep discounts sometimes running more than 75 % . the semi - annual events created a feeding frenzy among shoppers , filling the store to capacity , once to the point that the crowd pushed out the front glass .
in addition to merchandising and marketing , morin will be responsible for stein mart ' s planning , advertising and e - commerce organizations when she assumes her new position on feb . 6 . she has extensive merchandising experience , most recently as chief merchant , executive vice president of lord & taylor and hudson ' s bay . prior to this role , morin held several leadership positions within lord & taylor and hudson ' s bay , including executive vice president , merchandising , which encompassed all digital categories , as well as senior vice president , general merchandising manager for several merchandising areas . she also served in various product development and merchandising roles at macy ' s merchandising group , the echo design group and the may company .
dawn brings with her over 25 years ' executive management experience at major retailers and department stores ,
stein said .
with her leadership and industry knowledge , she will help us build on our growth initiatives and bring a fresh focus to our company and merchandising organization that will benefit us immensely .
but when stein saw how much inventory the store received when high - end retailers such as saks fifth avenue and neiman marcus had
sell - offs
of their designer goods ,
i said , ' there ' s got to be other cities that would like this merchandise , as well . '
now , stein is focused both on rebuilding his customer base since losing shoppers as the company went through three ceos in 10 years before he returned , and expanding his customer base . he plans to open eight to 12 stores next year , many in sunny california . the retailer also launched its first e - commerce site last month .
i can clearly remember myself at the cash register at 10 years old ,
stein says .
it was what you did . i didn ' t think there was anything else to do . when you grow up in a small town and your father has a retail store , it ' s the center of your life .
in the next 21 years , stein expanded the family business to include 239 stores in 29 states . the company went public in 1992 . but after having bypass surgery in 1999 , he decided to step down as ceo in september 2001 . he maintained his position on the board of directors and meant to act as an adviser . that didn ' t go as planned .
headquartered in jacksonville , florida , stein mart is a national retailer offering the fashion merchandise , service and presentation of a better department or specialty store . our focused assortment of merchandise features current season , moderate to better fashion apparel for women and men , as well as accessories , shoes and home fashions , all offered at prices competitive with off - price retail chains . our shopping experience is more upscale than other off - price retailers , with a focus on ease - of - shopping , service and presentation of merchandise by category , brand , style and size . our customer is both style conscious and value seeking with above - average household income . our stores are located in convenient regional , community and neighborhood shopping centers serving a more affluent customer . begun in the early 1900’s as a single store in greenville , mississippi , we operate nearly 300 stores in 31 states , plus steinmart . com .
we’re guided by our founder , sam stein’s , principal of “providing the customer with unique , quality products at excellent prices” . what was true in 1908 is even more important today . our customers count on us for up - to - the - minute brand name fashion for men and women , unique home décor and gifts and the season’s trendiest accessories at up to 60 % off department store prices , every day .
from the looks of him , jay stein is a retailer . he dons circular tortoise - shell glasses that frame his tanned face , a blue shirt with a white collar custom - made in hong kong with his initials embroidered on the pocket , a grey flannel suit and preppy bright green and pink - striped tie , a gift from his older daughter , who followed her father ' s career and works as a buyer at ralph lauren .
finding the travel arduous and sometimes dangerous , sam began selling his wares from a suitcase on the sidewalk at the intersection of washington avenue and walnut street . there , sam decided to open his first permanent store circa 1908 . early records of the company are scanty , but the store was successful , and sam oversaw several expansions . while other jewish merchandisers in greenville catered to a high - end clientele , the store , then known simply as “sam stein , ” remained focused on the type of customers sam had peddled to , offering lower - priced , affordable merchandise to primarily blacks and less affluent whites .
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it’s part of the company’s new marketing strategy to broaden its traditional clientele base to include customers that are more youthful in both age and attitude , said president and ceo david stovall during a quarterly results conference call .
aptly called attitude in the ladies apparel section , the new line of more trendy and youthful clothing will get prominent space on the selling floors of the 276 stores . men’s apparel and accessories will also feature some more modern products .
“sixty is the new 40 , ” stovall said . “the 60 - year - old of today won’t wear what their mother wore . ”
the new line is being accompanied by a preferred customer program and a new advertising campaign for tv , direct mail and e - mail .
for more information about stovall and his plans for the company see the march 27 issue of the business journal .
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we traded it down . we went cheaper , went real commodity . the merchandise wasn ' t special , wasn ' t distinctive ,
he said .
by august , 90 % of the home department will be updated and revamped , with
the whole gift and home décor and stationary - all of those businesses back in place ,
stovall continued .
the positive news is that we ' ve seen a turnaround already in the home business ,
stovall said .
and it ' s been driven by clearing out of all that low - price stuff , but most of it driven by the new receipts .
home textiles today is the market - leading brand covering the home and textiles markets , offering a comprehensive package of print and online products . home textiles today provides industry news , product trends and introductions , exclusive industry research , consumer data , store operations solutions , trade show news and much more .
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see the june 2018 issue of home textiles today . in this issue , we look at fresh air : fabric , fiber and design innovations are elevating outdoor spaces . also , we look at design : li edelkoort ' s 2019 / 2020 trends • retail : look who ' s leaning in on home • fabric : showtime exhibitors playing with pattern • dec pillows : product developers pile on trims and treatments • branding : iconix unlocks key brands • people : westpoint home names new ceo .
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