adult education is a practice in which adults engage in systematic and sustained self – educating activities in order to gain new forms of knowledge , skills , attitudes , or values .

it can mean any form of learning adults engage in beyond traditional schooling , encompassing basic literacy to personal fulfillment as a lifelong learner .

in particular , adult education reflects a specific philosophy about learning and teaching based on the assumption that adults can and want to learn , that they are able and willing to take responsibility for that learning , and that the learning itself should respond to their needs .

driven by what one needs or wants to learn , the available opportunities , and the manner in which one learns , adult learning is affected by demographics , globalization and technology .

the learning happens in many ways and in many contexts just as all adults ' lives differ .

adult learning can be in any of the three contexts , i.e. formal – structured learning that typically takes place in an education or training institution , usually with a set curriculum and carries credentials ; non-formal – learning that is organized by educational institutions but non credential .

non-formal learning opportunities may be provided in the workplace and through the activities of civil society organizations and groups ; informal education – learning that goes on all the time , resulting from daily life activities related to work , family , community or leisure ( e.g. community baking class ) .

adult education

the adult education - caledfacts page provides a more detailed overview of adult education .
program overview a description of the california adult education program and the adult education office ( aeo ) staff directory .
canadian association for the study of adult education founded in 1981 , the casae promotes the study of adult education and networking among adult educators in canada .
this adult education / learning online module focuses on the characteristics of adult learning , the 7 principles for good practice in undergraduate education and active learning .
adult education is synonymous with continuing education . the world of lifelong learning is wide open and covers a variety of circumstances including :
alexander kapp and eugen rosenstock - huessy developed theories around adult education , which were later popularised by malcolm knowles – a theorist in adult education . for knowles , adult learning was premised on the following characteristics :
stagnaro - green a . applying adult learning principles to medical education in the united states .
four major national adult education associations have been founded in canada : the canadian association for adult education ( caae , 1935 ; now defunct ) ; the institut canadien d ' éducation des adultes ( icea , 1952 ) , which primarily serves the french - language sectors of adult education in canada ; the canadian association for university continuing education ( cauce , 1954 ) ; and the canadian association for the study of adult education ( casae , 1981 ) , which publishes the canadian journal for the study of adult education .
for the latest news and information about career and technical education and adult education , see the octae blog and sign up for the octae connection newsletter .
the mission of aepp within the new york state education department is to promote , develop , and support adult education programs with the goal of providing adult students with successful pathways and transitions to post secondary education , apprenticeship training , and the workforce .
l . m . english , ed . , international encyclopedia of adult education ( 2005 ) .
the links and information below were developed for educators and others who are directly involved with adult education .
our office provides funds to states for adult education and literacy programs . the amount each state receives is based on a formula established by congress . states , in turn , distribute funds to local eligible providers to develop , implement and improve adult education and literacy activities . adult education and literacy activities include :
get information about adult and continuing education classes and enroll in a program that is right for you .
read about events , conferences , professional development and highlights from the office of adult and continuing education .
get the latest news and updates from maine adult education programs across the state via facebook and twitter .
as a field of study , adult education was interdisciplinary originally , borrowing from psychology , sociology , history and philosophy . university academic programs in adult education are concerned with teaching as well as research . all provinces have at least one master ' s program in adult education ( or related area such as higher education , human resource development , distance education , workplace education , community development or continuing education ) . there are also a number of doctoral degrees in canada with the larger programs centred at the university of toronto , university of calgary and university of british columbia .
information regarding federal accountability requirements for all adult education agencies that receive wioa , title ii : aefla funding .
would you like a career in adult education so you can work in business and industry training , post - secondary education , or other forms of adult basic education ? our program can help you learn about work as an independent training consultant or as an educational program writer or evaluator .
adult education in canada is both a field of practice and ( since the 1960s ) a field of study .
governance & accountability information and resources to help adult education and literacy providers maintain compliance with federal and state law .
adult learning in canada : a comparative perspective . results from the adult literacy and life skills survey
with so many adults returning to the classroom , the term
adult education
has taken on new meanings . adult education , in the broadest sense , is any form of learning adults engage in beyond traditional schooling that ends in their 20s . in the narrowest sense , adult education is about literacy —adults learning to read the most basic materials . thus , adult education encompasses everything from basic literacy to personal fulfillment as a lifelong learner , and even the attainment of advanced degrees .
federal grants administration information for grantees regarding implementation of the workforce investment act , title ii adult education and family literacy act section 225 , section 231 , and english literacy and civics education programs .
adult education is a public education program for all adults . adult schools offer free to low - cost classes for adults 18 and older . students can get a high school diploma , general education diploma ( ged ) , learn about jobs , learn to speak english , and learn how to become a u . s . citizen . adult schools are located in many cities and towns .
internationally , canadians contributed to the development of adult education through such organizations as the international congress of university adult education and unesco . with support of participants from the unesco conference in tokyo ( 1972 ) , and under the leadership of a canadian adult educator , dr . james robbins kidd , the international council for adult education ( icae ) was established in 1973 . after dr . kidd died in 1982 , the icae established an annual j . roby kidd award for significant and innovative work in adult education . other canadian leaders of the icae include budd hall and paul bélanger .
the office of adult and continuing education teacher talk newsletter highlights teachers and their best practices , successes and celebrates our teachers and students .
click on this site for access to rich resources . explore theories of adult education , as well as curriculum , methods and assessment .
research has shown that what individuals hope to achieve in their lives , particularly in their educational goals , is often mediated by their parents ' values , expectations and levels of education . the all data also reveal that parents ' levels of education have a strong influence on respondents ' participation in adult education and training . referring to the ' compounding intergenerational effects of education on adult learning , the authors report that individuals whose mother ' s or father ' s educational attainment is higher than their own are more likely to participate in adult than those whose parents have the same level of education as the respondents . on the other hand , respondents whose parents ' education is lower than theirs are less likely to participate than those whose parents have the same level of education as the respondents .
whatever new skill or life change you’re dreaming of , there ' s a good chance your local maine adult education program can help you get there .
the relationship with level of education holds even after differences in literacy levels are taken into account - canadians with university degrees are on average three times more likely to participate in adult education and training compared to those with less than high school .
peters , valerie ( 2004 ) . working and training : first results of the 2003 adult education and training survey . culture , tourism and the centre for education statistics - research papers . statistics canada catalogue number 81 - 595 - mie20040015 .
one of the primary goals of adult education is functional literacy . organizations like the u . s . department of education and the united nations educational , scientific and cultural organization ( unesco ) work tirelessly to measure , understand , and address adult illiteracy in the u . s . and around the world .
11 . motivation is another aspect of adult learning . at least six factors serve as sources of motivation for adult learning :
finally , the authors note that employer financial support plays a central role in supporting opportunities to engage in adult education and training among the adult population . however , participation in employer - sponsored training is unequal across groups of workers . in particular , workers with the least education , regardless of their age , are also least likely to participate in training . in fact , training participation patterns are more similar by education level than they are by age . in other words , the evidence suggests that formal education and the acquisition of new skills through further education and training are mutually reinforcing ,
frohna az , hamstra sj , mullan pb , gruppen ld . teaching medical education principles and methods to faculty using an active learning approach : the university of michigan medical education scholars program .
james a . draper revised : leona m . english . 2013 . adult education in canada . the canadian encyclopedia urltoken ( accessed july 9 , 2018 ) .
g . selman , m . selman , m . cooke and p . dampier , the foundations of adult education in canada , 2nd edition ( 1997 ) .
english , leona m . and draper , james a . . 2013 . adult education in canada . the canadian encyclopedia urltoken ( accessed july 9 , 2018 ) .
educational attainment is by far the best predictor of participation in adult education  the more education a person has , the more likely he or she is to participate in adult education or training . this relationship holds across all provinces and territories . the relationship is strongest in newfoundland and labrador , where university graduates were 10 times more likely to participate in organized forms of adult learning then those with less than high school . large gaps in the participation rate between those at the highest and lowest levels of education were also evident in new brunswick , manitoba , prince edward island , nova scotia and nunavut .
adult education in canada is both a field of practice and ( since the 1960s ) a field of study . according to united nations educational , scientific and cultural organization ( unesco ) , as a field of practice , adult education denotes the entire body of organized educational processes , whatever the content , level or method , whether formal or informal , and whether the processes prolong or replace initial education in schools , colleges , universities or apprenticeship systems . the term
adult
usually means someone beyond the legal school - leaving age . other than that , there is no upper age limit for learning . the term “lifelong learning” is also used to refer to adult education .
as professionals in the training and education space , it is essential that we understand the unique learning requirements of our adult learners to ensure that our training interventions are effective .
malcolm shepherd knowles ( 1913 – 1997 ) was an american educator well known for the use of the term andragogy as synonymous to adult education . according to malcolm knowles , andragogy is the art and science of adult learning , thus andragogy refers to any form of adult learning . ( kearsley , 2010 ) .
overall , in 2003 , 49 % of the canadian population aged 16 to 65 participated in courses , programs and other forms of adult education and training ( chart 1 ) .
leona m . english and james a . draper .
adult education in canada .
in the canadian encyclopedia . historica canada , 1985— . article published february 19 , 2013
knowles , m . s . ( 1962 ) a history of the adult education movement in the usa , new york : krieger . a revised edition was published in 1977 .
taylor dc , hamdy h . adult learning theories : implications for learning and teaching in medical education : amee guide no . 83 . [ last cited 2013 oct 14 ] ;
james a . draper revised : leona m . english , r . the canadian encyclopedia . ( 2013 ) . adult education in canada . retrieved july 9 , 2018 , from urltoken
english , leona m . and james a . draper .
adult education in canada
. the canadian encyclopedia . toronto : historica canada , 2013 . web . 19 feb 2013 .
english , leona m . and james a . draper .
adult education in canada
. the canadian encyclopedia . toronto : historica canada , 2013 . web . 19 feb 2013 .
james a . draper revised : leona m . english .
adult education in canada
in the canadian encyclopedia . historica canada , 1985– . article published february 18 , 2013 . urltoken
knowles , m . s . ( 1950 ) informal adult education , new york : association press . guide for educators based on the writer’s experience as a programme organizer in the ymca .
english , l . m . & draper , j . a . . r . the canadian encyclopedia . ( 2013 ) . adult education in canada . retrieved july 9 , 2018 from urltoken
english , l . m . & draper , j . a . . r . the canadian encyclopedia . ( 2013 ) . adult education in canada . retrieved july 9 , 2018 from urltoken
outside responsibilities . most adult learners have numerous responsibilities and commitments to family , friends , community and work . carving out time for learning affects adult learners .
brown g , manogue m . amee medical education guide no . 22 : refreshing lecturing : a guide for lecturers .
james a . draper revised : leona m . english
adult education in canada
the canadian encyclopedia . eds . . toronto : historica canada , 2013 . web . 9 jul . 2018 .
individuals and local providers should check with their state offices for more information on how to obtain funding for adult education and literacy programs . visit the department’s grant page for more information about other opportunities .
the process of engaging adult learners in a learning experience is known as andragogy .
adult learners want respect and to be seen as capable learners . they should be offered choice and be encouraged to set their own learning goals . adult learners :
motivation can be diminished by learning experiences that do not embrace adult learning principles .
the report ' s authors also looked at other characteristics of adult learners in canada which are worth noting . one of these is gender , where in fact , they found only minor differences between men and women in terms of participation in adult education and training activities . after taking into account differences in age , labour force status , educational attainment , document literacy levels , immigrant status and occupation , there was only a slight over - representation of men in adult education and training .
andragogy is defined as the art and science of helping adults learn . it ' s distinguished from pedagogy , the school - based education traditionally used for children . education for adults has a different focus , based on the fact that adults are :
cook mp . visual representations in science education : the influence of prior knowledge and cognitive load theory on instructional design principles .
there are three principles about adult students that are essential to effective learning and instruction .
only through adult education can we address the real problems of society – like power sharing , wealth creation , gender and health issues ,
said adama ouane , director of the unesco institute for lifelong learning .
at one of maine’s 80 + local adult education programs . from fort kent to kittery and everywhere in between , our programs offer thousands of classes including business skills training , fun , personal enrichment , and more .
master of education ( m . ed . ) or master of science ( m . s . ) * online or on campus
at the request of the u . s . department of education , the national research council convened a committee of experts from many disciplines to synthesize research on literacy and learning in order to improve instruction for those served in adult education in the u . s . the committee ' s report , improving adult literacy instruction : options for practice and research , recommends a program of research and innovation to gain a better understanding of adult literacy learners , improve instruction , and create the supports adults need for learning and achievement .
d . w . livingstone ,
probing the icebergs of adult learning : comparative findings and implications of the 1998 , 2004 and 2010 canadian surveys of formal and informal learning practices ,
the canadian journal for the study of adult education vol . 25 , no . 1 ( 2012 ) : 47‒71 .
adult education also takes place in formal settings , as part of credited programs within educational institutions and through online venues . for example , the rapid expansion of the community college and cegep systems in the 1960s and 1970s added greatly to the educational resources available to adults . usually the structure of adult education is the responsibility of an instructor or a planner , or in the case of industry and government , a person in charge of professional development .
in general , the characteristics of older adult learners resemble the characteristics of participants in other age groups . older adults who have higher levels of education are more likely to participate in adult learning . for example , the rate of participation in adult learning among 56 to 75 year - olds who had not completed high school was 8 % , but it was 41 % among those with a university degree .
adult learning is problem - centered rather than content - oriented . ( kearsley , 2010 )
although valuing an activity is important for learning in the context of compulsory education , it is vital for persistence in adult literacy education . if adult learners develop and maintain positive values about the literacy activities they engage in—if they believe that the courses are useful , important , interesting , and worth their time—they will be more likely to persist with learning . more research is needed , however , on the approaches instructors can use to help adult and adolescent learners develop these values over time in relation to language and literacy activities they may not already value .
the programs of the division of adult education and literacy ( part of the u . s . department of education ) focus on addressing basic skills such as reading , writing , math , english language competency , and problem - solving . the goal is for
american adults get the basic skills they need to be productive workers , family members and citizens .
8 . adults have accumulated a foundation of life experiences and knowledge that may include work - related activities , family responsibilities and previous education .
by appealing to the unique qualities of adult learners , we can design more effective and motivating online courses . here’s a list of generalized characteristics common to many but not all adult learners .
as adult education develops as a field of practice and a medium for research and study , participation and support will also have to increase . within the context of adult education itself , the varied ways of learning that have been developed have blurred the formerly rigid roles of teacher and student , a fact that has been held up as proof that all adults , whether teachers or students , have something to teach ( from life experience or from training ) as well as something to learn from each other . adult education as a field of practice and study has made an indelible contribution to society through its expression of respect for adults as responsible learners , as instigators of their own learning processes , and as valuable resources .
responsible for self . adult learners often take responsibility for their own success or failure at learning .
knowles distinguishes adult learning from the ‘pedagogical’ approach of child learning in a number of theoretical ways .
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formal and non - formal learning are referred to as organized forms of learning and encompass what is referred to as adult education and training . this is in contrast to informal learning which is seen as a non - organized form of learning .
the term was originally used by alexander kapp ( a german educator ) in 1833 , but was later developed into an adult education by the american educator , malcolm knowles who arguably stands as one of the most influential writers in this field .
the above list is adapted from
plan instruction for adults , module n - 4 ,
the national center for research in vocational education .
davis m , forrest k . oxford : wiley - blackwell and bmj books ; 2008 . how to teach continuing medical education ; pp . 41–59 .
the division of adult education and literacy ( dael ) administers programs that help adults get the basic skills they need including reading , writing , math , english language proficiency , and problem - solving to be productive workers , family members , and citizens .
arogundade ra . adult learning principles for effective teaching in radiology programmes : a review of the literature .
analysis of the all data finds that after controlling for the effects of education , participation in training is in fact higher for those in the youngest age group ( excluding full - time students ) . in other words , being part of the youngest age group matters more for predicting the likelihood of participating in training than the actual level of education of the young . in contrast , the level of education is a more important predictor among older age groups .
these findings have important implications for any adult literacy program or course in which groups come together from a variety of racial , cultural , and linguistic backgrounds , as well as for mixed gender groups . indeed , stereotype threat can compromise learning in adult populations because it can be triggered by age . in western culture , education is most strongly associated with childhood and early adulthood , and adult participation in formal instruction may be perceived as not happening at the “appropriate” time .
continuing studies and life - long learning – on the diverse characteristics of adult learners – mr . angus beef
other experts , this time in the field of adult learning , argue that learning as adults is not motivated solely by the prospect of improved career prospects and earnings , but that some adults engage in adult learning for personal interest . in this case , age would be less important as a factor affecting participation in adult learning .
adult learners want to be engaged in life - centred or problem - centred learning experiences . they want to learn what will help them perform tasks or deal with problems they see in their lives now . adult learners :
adult learners are likely to put forth more effort and stay engaged in tasks they find interesting . researchers have made a useful distinction between personal interest and situational interest , and both types have implications for motivating adult learners .
there is a strong relationship between literacy levels and participation in adult learning  those with the highest levels of literacy participate in adult learning at much higher rates than those at the lowest levels of literacy . thus , those most in need of learning to enhance their skills in order to be able to compete in the labour market are least likely to participate in education and training opportunities .
by defining these characteristics , knowles distinguished andragogy , or the art and science of helping adults learn , from other areas of education , especially pedagogy . it is worth noting at this point that this is no one theory or model that explains everything we know about adult learners .
in 1958 the establishment of the quetico residential conference and training centre in northwestern ontario provided adults with further opportunities for learning . from the 1930s to the 1960s , the canadian chamber of commerce initiated educational programs . the labour college of canada was established in montréal ( 1962 ) and there was increased government support for training and education , e . g . , the technical and vocational training assistance act in 1960 and the agricultural rehabilitation and development act in 1961 ( see higher education ; technical education ) .
the relationship between participation in adult learning and age is a complicated one . economists argue that the decision to participate in adult education and training is an investment decision , made with the goal of increasing earnings . according to this argument , individuals would therefore be better off if they were to make those investments earlier rather than later in life since they would then have more time to benefit from their investment .
this page ( urltoken ) has been produced by linc tasmania , bringing together the state library of tasmania , tasmanian archive and heritage office ( taho ) , adult education and online access centres . you are directed to the disclaimer and copyright notice and personal information protection statement governing the information provided .
adult learners are a valuable resource because they bring the richness and diversity of their lives with them . they should be given the opportunity to use their existing knowledge and experience , which they can apply to new learning experiences . adult learners :
the introduction of learning technology and the changing workplace recently increased the importance of adult learning . however , there comes the problem of motivating adult learners . there are a few things that stand in the way to motivating adults to start learning .
however , there is a strong interaction effect between education and age . analysis based on the 2003 adult education and training survey ( aets ) found that , regardless of their age , workers with high school or less were least likely to have taken formal job - related training in 2002 , with the participation rate being about 20 % for those aged 25 to 54 years . similarly , university - educated workers in all age groups were most likely to have taken training in 2002 . workers aged 25 to 34 and 45 to 54 were most alike in this regard , with 55 % of them or more engaging in formal job - related training . even at 37 % , the rate remained much higher for 55 to 64 year - olds who had a university education than it was for workers with the least education , regardless of their age .
the efforts of st francis xavier university in antigonish , nova scotia , were especially effective in helping people affected by the great depression , culminating in the establishment of an extensive cooperative movement ( see antigonish movement ) . later the coady international institute was established to provide training for representatives from developing countries . in 1946 nova scotia was the first province in canada to institute an adult education division as a unit of its department of education . the division ' s first director was guy henson .
rubenson , kjell , richard desjardins and ee - seul yoon . 2007 . adult learning in canada : a comparative perspective . results from the adult literacy and life skills survey . statistics canada catalogue number 89 - 552 - mie  number 17 .
it is believed that we take on the components of an adult learner between the ages of twelve to fifteen years old .
adult education offers a range of courses in leisure and lifestyle activities as well as courses to learn new skills – for work and for life – for all tasmanians . it’s never too late to learn . learning in a relaxed social setting is a great way to gain skills and knowledge that enrich your life .
continuing education has become a way of life for many adults in canada . organized non - formal learning exists at all levels of government and within trade unions , cooperatives , industrial and commercial enterprises , hospitals , prisons , religious as well as cultural organizations , and health and fitness programs . adult education takes place in factories , offices , gymnasiums , lecture halls , classrooms , libraries , museums , residential centres and churches , through a wide variety of teaching and learning methods , and increasingly through the internet .
i find this article very useful . i am facilitating a session on how adult learners learn and i am grateful to you .
[ … ] of the biggest mistakes that adult educators can make is to design adult instruction the same way educators design instruction for school children . the main lesson of our examination of positive learner identity in adults is to create an image of [ … ]
you can learn more about creating and delivering effective adult learning programs in my advanced train the trainer & curriculum design online course .
adult learner experience as a person matures he / she accumulates a growing reservoir of experience that becomes an increasing resource for learning .
instructional support support from the california department of education to agencies ensures that adults have the knowledge and skills necessary to participate effectively as citizens , workers , parents , and family and community members .
ken steele , co - founder and senior vice - president of academica group inc . recently spoke to humber faculty about the political , economic , social and technological changes facing higher education institutions .
beyond acknowledging that basic needs must be met , we must tap into the adult learners’ motivation by addressing their individual potential and helping them to realize the personal satisfaction that can come from achievement . yes , there are extrinsic factors at play—adult learners pursue education to advance in a career , to earn more money , and to gain some prestige that may come with a higher degree . but , without ignoring these practical issues , if students can also see how their education , even how each individual class they take , can make a difference in how they see themselves and how they can apply their learning , we start to tap into intrinsic motivation .
wow – only this morning did i publish my own article about adult learning principles : urltoken – i would add “time poor” to your list of characteristics , and i support your observation that the list is common to many * but not all * adult learners .
nelson c , hartling l , campbell s , oswald ae . the effects of audience response systems on learning outcomes in health professions education . a beme systematic review : beme guide no . 21 .
need for community . many self - directed adult learners prefer a learning community with whom they can interact and discuss questions and issues .
what does andragogy mean and which are knowles’ 5 assumptions of adult learners ? are you familiar with knowles’ 4 principles of andragogy ? in the following post i will answer the above questions and provide you with several highly recommended resources on malcolm knowles ’ adult learning theory .
bonwell cc , eison ja . washington dc : jossey - bass ; 1991 . active learning : creating excitement in the classroom ( j - b ashe higher education report series aehe ) pp . 1–4 .
according to knowles , “adults are responsive to some external motivators ( e . g . , better job , higher salaries ) , but the most potent motivators are internal ( e . g . , desire for increased job satisfaction , self - esteem ) . their motivation can be blocked by training and education that ignores adult learning principles . ”
in this final section , we will touch on a number of diverse issues pertaining to the design of courses or programs for adult learners .
i agree with all the characteristics , particularly with the big picture point . whether it’s an adult characteristics or my own personality , i always need to know how what i am doing ( whether in education , work , or personal life ) , fits in to the big picture ; in other words , my effort has to add - value to something .
self - directiveness is another one of knowles andragogy . maning that preserverance is becoming successful as an adult learner . in other words , we start from the bottom and rise to the top . hence , leading towards the future learning design of the journey of adult learning ( hood ) .
learning as an adult differs from learning as a child . consider how the following information might be useful to you when planning and delivering lessons :
roberts tv , gustavs j , mack hg . becoming an expert : a review of adult learning theory and implications for vocational training in ophthalmology .
in 1935 , the canadian association for adult education was established , with e . a . ( ned ) corbett as its first executive director . prior to taking up this position , corbett was director of the university of alberta ' s department of extension , and was involved in the citizens ' forum , farm radio forum and the banff centre for the arts .
the attempts to develop government and institutional legislation that will economically support adult education parallel the increasing involvement of adults in educational programs . also , many barriers , such as geographical distances and physical handicaps , prevent certain groups ( e . g . , the disabled , the isolated , the elderly , the undereducated , certain cultural groups and women with small children ) from participating in these programs ( see distance learning ) . as with earlier studies , it continues to be the case that the higher one ' s educational level , the more likely one is to continue participating in education .
in my book ‘the fundamental principles behind effective adult learning programs’ we explore how these theoretical concepts of adult learning apply to the way we design and develop our training programs and facilitate the learning experience ; but here i have briefly summarised them to help you embed these principles into your courses and training .
knowles , m . ( 1984 ) . the adult learner : a neglected species ( 3rd ed . ) . houston , tx : gulf publishing .
canada has had a long interest in better understanding the distribution of adult literacy and learning across population sub - groups . canada participated in the first round of data collection in the international adult literacy survey ( ials ) in 1994 . this was the first internationally comparative survey of adult skills to be undertaken . canada was also a lead country in the international adult literacy and life skills survey ( all ) in 2003 ( the canadian component is called the international adult literacy and skills survey ( ialss ) ) . in fact , canada was the only country to sample a very large number of people  23 , 000 in all . such a large sample was made possible by the financial support received from several federal government departments and provincial and territorial governments .
in relation to unpaid work activities , those who were more active in community organizations were more likely to participate in adult learning . likewise , people who were more active in reading , using the internet and using computers for task - oriented purposes outside paid work engaged more frequently in all forms of adult learning . these findings suggest that adult learning is a complement , not a substitute , for civic participation or other forms of self - directed learning activities .
in addition to knowles , he developed the seven andragogies which exemplifies the adult learner contributes to its development . for example , motivation , one of knowles’ andragogies stress how important motivation is in any aspect of learning . the question reigns , how can the facilitator incorporate motivation into the adult learner’s learning environment successfully ?
although the principles outlined in this booklet are well researched with other populations and can be applied with adults , studies on motivation and adult literacy are scarce .
uis . 2013 . adult and youth literacy : national , regional and global trends , 1985 - 2015 . ( uis information paper ) . montreal , uis
since , eduard c . lindeman ' s pioneer paper in 1926 , the meaning of adult education , which awakened interest in and set the basis for the systematic research about how adults learn , educators and psychologists have contributed to the development of many varied theories and hypothesis about the learning characteristics of adults . taylor and hamdy summarized the learning theories and classified them in the following categories : 29
4 . malcolm knowles most adult learning theories have been based on the work of malcolm knowles , who theorized that adult learners have distinct and unique characteristics . andragogy – a term introduced by malcolm knowles , which describes the science of helping adults learn . andragogical – learner centered method . pedagogical – teacher centered method .
coming demographic changes  aging baby - boomers , rising number of retirements , small relative size of younger birth cohorts  suggest that there will be growing pressures to encourage older workers to remain in the workforce for a longer period of time . in this context , it is of interest to look more closely at the patterns of participation in adult education and learning of adults aged 55 or more .
i highly encourage you to read the 9 tips to apply adult learning theory to elearning . in this article i discuss how knowles ' 5 adult learning theory assumptions can be translated to modern day elearning experiences , so that you can integrate the 4 principles of andragogy into your elearning course for maximum learner engagement and motivation .
by contrast , other programs provide incentives upon completion of programs or during participation . in some instances such systems may have positive effects . for example , the state of tennessee recently implemented a program in which students received cash incentives for participating in adult education classes ; the results of a nonexperimental study suggested that the introduction of rewards was related to achievement and to passing the ged examination among welfare recipients .
‘ of the 195 unesco member states , 139 participated in the survey and collected data which have been used in this report to provide analyses and derive conclusions . this participation rate shows the interest of countries to monitor progress in adult learning and education . the data and the information also make it possible to monitor trends over time ’ , arne carlsen , director of the unesco institute for lifelong learning .
you may also find valuable the 9 tips to apply adult learning theory to elearning . in this article i ' ll discuss how knowles ' 5 adult learning theory assumptions can be translated to modern day elearning experiences , so that you can integrate the 4 principles of andragogy into your elearning course for maximum learner engagement and motivation .
formal learning : learning that typically takes place in an education or training institution , is structured ( in terms of learning objectives , learning time or learning support ) and leads to certification . formal learning is intentional from the learner ' s perspective .
least but not last , i highly encourage you to see the following short video from the pc3 team focusing on malcolm knowles ' theory of andragogy or adult learning .
my young learners , for the most part , demonstrate the same characteristics as my adult learners , especially the young learners who work full time and go to school .
[ … ] vinod . varma on oct . 14 , 2009 , under uncategorized an interesting analysis on characteristics of adult learners no comments for this entry [ … ]
according to research on formal and informal learning in 1998 , 2004 and 2010 , by the work and lifelong learning research network at the ontario institute for studies in education / university of toronto , about half of the population aged between 25 and 64 has received further education , which is about the average for organization for economic co - operation and development ( oecd ) countries . yet , most canadians participate regularly in informal learning , which is often not recognized or measured , leaving many workers overqualified and underemployed .
[ … ] findings to add to my own . one of the more concise lists i’ve found is in this article : characteristics of adult learners by connie [ … ]
malcolm knowles adapted the theory of andragogy , teaching strategies for adult learners , to adults learning in the 1970s . knowles’ andragogy outlines theoretical and practical methods based on six characteristics of adult learners . understanding these characteristics will help you inspire your agents to improve their skills , improve the quality of your training and improve the quality of your contact center .
how do we shift from this extrinsic reward mindset to the commitment to pursue education for the deeper and longer - lasting intrinsic value ? maslow’s hierarchy of needs tells us that an individual will not be motivated to strive for higher level goals such as education , until lower level needs have been met ( maslow , 1970 ) . it is the approachable instructor who believes in his or her students and is motivated to meet the needs of the individual student while simultaneously ensuring that learning takes place in his or her classroom .
[ … ] tend to look at the characteristics of the adult learner and base my teachings around their need . with this theory knowledge “is a function of how [ … ]
the intrinsic , personal desires and ambitions of an adult learner need to be considered when planning and delivering adult learning programs . as learners get older , their cause for participation in learning programs often moves from external drivers ( such as getting a promotion ) , to internal drivers , like simply learning out of pure pleasure or interest in learning something new .
references : fisher , c . , ( 2006 ) . asynchronous learning and adult motivation : catching fog in a gauze bag . retrieved from learning solutions magazine website : urltoken .
the data collected by these surveys provide a wealth of information on the characteristics of adult learners across participating countries and through time . these data have also generated a number of research studies . one of those , recently published by statistics canada , provides detailed information on the characteristics of adult learners in canada . this article highlights the findings of that research . 1
adult learners are often engaged in learning because a problem needs to be solved . practicing skills in a controlled environment allows them to grow self - efficacy in new tasks that prepare them to act autonomously outside of the learning environment . the more an adult learner can practice new skills , competencies or the application of knowledge , the more transformational impact the learning intervention will have .
in the u . s . , each state is responsible for addressing the basic education of their citizens . official state websites direct people to classes , programs , and organizations designed to teach adults how to read prose , documents like maps and catalogs , and how to make simple computations .
in terms of education , this requires the flexibility of the learning situation , the learning program and most importantly , the educator to actively involve the participant in a way that allows them to have a degree of control over what they do , or , in fact , how much they learn .
the second edition of the global report on adult learning and education ( grale ) has placed literacy at the forefront for several reasons . far too many people – and in particular women of all ages – continue to live with poor literacy skills . as many as 774 million people cannot read and write , and 123 million of these are 15–24 year olds ; i . e . young people and young adults . given the imprecise nature of the data on which these figures are based – including in the most highly developed countries – it is likely that poor literacy is actually much more widespread than generally reported 1 ) 2 ) . drawing on data gathered from 141 countries , this report reviews progress in implementing the belém framework for action and presents insights from all world regions . it adopts a global perspective , describing the commonalities and differences among member states as they continue to work to improve their adult education sectors . this publication is available in english , french , spanish and portuguese .
the adult learner expects relevancy and so the question of how is this information / situation important ( rationale ) is present in the mind of the adult student . orient his / her learning toward outcomes and competencies . relate the present situation to future examinations by teaching general rules ( step 4 on the one minute preceptor ) . ultimately , he / she are practical thinkers that need practical advising .
knowles ms , holton ra , 3rd , swanson ra . 7th ed . burlington ( ma ) : elsevier ; 2011 . the adult learner ; pp . 64–69 . ( 183 - 203 ) .
knowles ( 1980 ) said : …adult educators must be primarily attuned to the existential concerns of the individuals and institution they serve and be able to develop learning experiences that will ve articulated with these concerns .
in 1980 , knowles made 4 assumptions about the characteristics of adult learners ( andragogy ) that are different from the assumptions about child learners ( pedagogy ) . in 1984 , knowles added the 5th assumption .
dults lead complex lives with limits on the amount of time they have to engage in formal learning . this reality , combined with the amount of effort and practice needed to develop one’s literacy skills—generally many thousands of hours—makes supporting persistence one of the most challenging aspects of designing effective adult literacy instruction . the average adult learner’s duration in a literacy program is nowhere close to the length of instruction and practice needed .
potential physical limitations . depending on their age and physical condition , adult learners may acquire psychomotor skills more slowly than younger students and have more difficulties reading small fonts and seeing small images on the computer screen .
the impact of various types of incentives on persistence in adult literacy instruction is a complex issue , and further research is warranted to determine the particular circumstances under which some types of incentives might motivate certain learners .
these graduate programs prepare instructors , counsellors , community workers , administrators , evaluators , trainers , theorists and professional development coordinators . adult education is therefore really a generic term , variously used to mean a program , a movement , a subject matter and sometimes , a method . in particular , it reflects a specific philosophy about learning and teaching based on the assumption that adults can and want to learn , that they are able and willing to take responsibility for that learning , and that the learning itself should respond to their needs .
thanks for your thoughtful comment . yes this list is definitely generalized . as to inquisitive , i’d like to change that to something more accurate that reflects the adult’s need to know why they are taking training . suggestions ?
[ … ] real problems , where they must find the answers , perhaps the key is to start treating them like adult learners with the characteristics and capabilities for this type of learning . the traditional classroom [ … ]
adult learning australia acknowledges the traditional owners of country throughout australia and recognises their continuing connection to land , waters and community . we pay our respects to them and their cultures ; and to elders both past and present .
this article will present a summary of adult learning principles and how they should guide the design , content and format of lectures . additionally , it will offer recommendations for creating organized , relevant , interactive and effective lectures .
my problem with this is that many of these could be charactersitics of non - adult learners e . g . kids can be inquisitive and results oriented as well . but also , at what point does one move from being a ‘child’ to an ‘adult’ learner . is it simply by age or by qualification , or something else all together . this goes back to the pedagogy vs androgogy debate . and of course the list contains generalisations… not all adults will show these characteristics in learning . so whilst i think the list is useful in gaining an idea about adult learners , its important not to take the list as definitive and 100 % applicable to all adults .
the conditions under which rewards or incentives affect adults’ participation and persistence in literacy instruction are unknown , however . state and federally funded adult literacy programs at times offer incentives for enrollment . for example , many adult education courses , which include various courses in literacy , are provided free of charge in the city of philadelphia . in this case , the “incentive” is an opportunity that makes it possible for adults to enroll in the courses ; the payment is provided prior to enrollment , enabling adults who might not be able to afford the class otherwise to enroll . when these “opportunity enhancers”—such as support for child care , coverage of costs of enrollment , or replacement of lost wages—are used up front to minimize barriers to participation , they may not have the negative impact documented for simple external rewards .


presidential airways ( paw ) is a charter cargo and passenger airline currently based at melbourne international airport serving melbourne , florida , usa .

presidential is now a subsidiary of aviation worldwide services .

presidential airways ( charter )

does anyone know anything about presidential airways ? ( a charter airline owned by blackwater worldwide ) .
owned by long charter air llc , of georgia . jet was carrying presidential candidate sen . barack obama
in 2016 , xtra airways began leasing the plane . xtra airways is a charter airline primarily serving college and pro sports teams , entertainment and media figures and various dignitaries .
ana ( all nippon airways ) operated their first international flight , a b . 727 charter from tokyo to hong kong .
utah airways is a commercial and private charter / tour airline based in ogden , utah . [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ]
the flights are now operated by us airways , a subsidiary of american airlines .
presidential , a regional airline based at dulles airport , said the year - end results include a nonrecurrent charge taken in the fourth quarter of $ 6 . 1 million relating to restructuring costs . the net loss for the year also includes a $ 1 . 4 million loss from discontinued operations of presidential ' s charter subsidiary , key airlines inc . the charter subsidiary was sold to world airways inc . for $ 18 million .
“abc has a blog post noting that ron paul leads in spending on charter flights .
us airways express flight 3909 from philadelphia to burlington made another approach to a longer runway .
the justice department yesterday gave final clearance to a joint marketing agreement between presidential airways inc . and continental airlines inc . under the agreement , presidential will provide feeder service for continental under the
continental express
banner the justice department said it would not challenge the agreement , although presidential currently provides nonstop service to six cities from dulles in competition with continental
filipinas orient airways started operations on 05jan1965 as fairways & renamed in nov1965 . martial law stopped operations
developments : 1986 was presidential airways ' first full year operating under its own name as a regularly scheduled airline - - and its last . in february , presidential and continental airlines announced that presidential would become a
feeder
airline for continental , remaining independent but operating as continental jet express . the dulles - based airline also sold its $ 5 million midfield terminal to continental .
considerations for passengers on charter flights to palm beach when the president is at the winter white house .
description : during 1986 , presidential was a north - south regional carrier based at washington dulles international airport , flying regularly scheduled flights under its own name . it also operated colgan airways , a commuter carrier , and key airlines inc . , a charter carrier . since then , presidential has signed a marketing agreement with continental airlines . it remains an independent company , but it now operates as continental jet express , providing
feeder
service to the larger airline .
de havilland canada dash 7 turboprop - powered regional airliner with stol capabilities , was introduced in service by rocky mountain airways .
during 1986 , presidential struggled to establish itself in the rapidly consolidating airline industry . the airline had hoped to dominate washington dulles international airport , where it had established its hub . but united air lines and new york air also established operations there , setting up operations that eventually dwarfed presidential . presidential tried to adjust by changing its schedule to serve less competitive markets . it also diversified into the charter business , buying key airlines inc . , which it later sold . in the long run , however , presidential decided to survive in a different guise , as an adjunct to continental
while it’s not impossible to charter flights to palm beach when the presidential tfr is in effect , it is more challenging . that’s because one of the chief requirements is that passengers and crew members must undergo tsa screening procedures before they’re permitted to fly into kpbi .
said yesterday in london that it has received an order for 10 of its jetstream 31 turboprop airplanes from presidential airways . terms were not disclosed . the order for the 19 - seater aircraft marks the first commitment to the jetstream 31 by an airline already operating british aerospace equipment
when flying in outer ring airspace , a charter plane must have a registered ifr flight plan and remain in communication with air traffic control .
clinton’s plane was first issued in 2002 for airberlin , but it’s now a charter plane operated by xtra airways and air partner . the jet is a “next generation” series 737 that offers newer features than its predecessors and will be able to make nonstop flights between the east and west coast .
republican presidential candidate and business mogul donald trump exits his plane during his trip to the border on july 23 , 2015 in laredo , texas .
university of texas’ charter jet ran 50 feet off the east edge of the pavement about 100 yards from the terminal gate before stopping in the mud .
to meet this requirement , the federal aviation administration has designated a series of gateway airports capable of providing tsa screening for incoming charter flights . this includes :
comair flt 5412 taking off on runway 15 - right overflew u . s . airways / america west flight 83 ( rolling down runway 10 just after landing . )
said yesterday that the department of transportation has decided not to review presidential ' s joint marketing agreement with continental airlines . last month , the department said that the marketing agreement , under which presidential will become a feeder airline operating as
continental express ,
appeared to raise questions about competition that might warrant review
military jet charter bound for the middle east with a load of us troops was forced to land by a smoke - filled cockpit while over the indian ocean .
. all aboard , three soldiers and three civilian crew members , were killed . several of their survivors filed a wrongful death lawsuit against presidential in october 2005 .
• republican presidential candidate and u . s . congressman ron paul has racked up $ 1 million worth of charter flights on his campaign so far , more than double the bill of fellow candidate michelle bachmann . in fairness , unlike most of his opponents , paul still has a day job in washington . [ abc news ]
we are an industry - leading boutique private aviation company dedicated to providing the highest quality of personalized service to our discerning private jet owners and private jet charter clientele .
on this day in 1945 , the united nations charter , which was adopted and signed on june 26 , 1945 , is now effective and ready to be enforced .
however , whenever he’s in town on vacay it triggers a temporary flight restriction ( tfr ) that affects all charter flights to palm beach international airport ( kpbi ) .
has signed an agreement to purchase the stock of key airlines for $ 18 million from presidential airways , world ' s chief executive officer , t . coleman andrews , said yesterday . key provides contract flight operations for several military and civilian customers and has a fleet of nine boeing 727 and 737 aircraft at its bases in las vegas and washington dulles international airport .
airbus airbus a320 airbus a380 aircraft orders air france alaska airlines american airlines aviation accidents and incidents bizin boeing boeing 737 boeing 737 - 800 boeing 777 - 300er boeing 787 dreamliner british airways continental airlines deliveries delta air lines faa helicopter crashes jetblue airways los angeles international airport ( lax ) lufthansa military nasa newark liberty international airport ( ewr ) new routes new york john f . kennedy international airport ( jfk ) new york laguardia airport ( lga ) on this day in aviation history plane crashes russia safety security southwest airlines space space shuttle spotlight terrorism tex united airlines us air force us airways us navy videos
the democratic presidential hopeful and chappaqua resident held a press conference thursday morning on the tarmac at westchester county airport , right before taking off for charlotte and a voter registration drive and rally .
gingrich’s largest debts are to a host of consultants and firms that helped him with strategy , polling , advertising , telemarketing and all of the other routine activities needed to run a presidential campaign .
so , what exactly does gingrich owe so much money for ? the biggest service that he has not paid for yet was personal air travel during the campaign . he owes $ 1 . 8 million to charter jet service provider moby dick airways , business travel provider airplus and to himself for jet fare . ( candidates can receive reimbursement from their campaign committee to cover their own costs for things like travel . )
democratic presidential candidate hillary clinton speaks to members of the media before boarding her campaign plane at westchester county airport thursday to travel to charlotte , n . c . , to attend a campaign rally .
presidential eventually will displace another regional carrier , air wisconsin , which has provided feeder service to united at dulles . air wisconsin will concentrate its activities at chicago ' s o ' hare airport , zeeman said
operating for us airways express into t . f . green airport . the runway was partly covered with wet snow and ice . left main gear collapsed ( wheel torn off ) and left wing is damaged . image at urltoken
one of the challenges with the presidential tfr is that mar - a - lago is close the palm beach international . as a result , the flight restriction remains in place the entire time president trump is there .
under the five - year marketing agreement presidential will provide connecting passengers to united from the generally smaller markets it serves . both airlines ' flights will be listed and ticketed under united . the arrangement will provide coordinated schedules , convenient connections , participation in united ' s mileage plus program and advance seat selection on united flights for presidential ' s passengers , said john r . zeeman , executive vice president for marketing and planning for united .
the primary airport affected by the more restrictive 10 - nm inner circle is palm beach county ( klna ) . in order to fly here , private charter flights first need to pass through one of the aforementioned gateway airports .
said yesterday that it has signed a contract for more than $ 5 million with club med sales inc . to operate charters during the winter vacation season . the charters will be operated through presidential ' s subsidiary , key airlines
there are still a number of open campaign accounts by past failed presidential candidates with large debts , but none reach the heights of gingrich’s . former new mexico gov . gary johnson , a republican and libertarian party candidate in 2012 , owes $ 1 . 4 million , and msnbc host al sharpton owes $ 925 , 714 from his 2004 presidential bid . even disgraced former democratic sen . john edwards still owes $ 331 , 586 from his 2008 campaign .
private air travelers enjoy minimal security procedures when flying on air charter flights . however , in the case of a tfr , passengers can expect to undergo the same screening process you’d find at a commercial airport . this could include :
an economic recession that caused big corporations to cut back on air travel and middle east tension as iraq invaded kuwait ( causing jet fuel to double ) , placed enormous pressure on the trump shuttle ,
a history published by current owner us airways reads .
charter arriving from luanda angola . the crash site was located in bailundo , 150 kilometers ( 93 miles ) north of huambo . among the dead were two portuguese businessmen , vasco mendes de almeida and nuno marques , as well as angolan magnate valentim amoes
in the case of last weekend’s presidential tfr , it was comprised of two distinct rings , measuring 10 and 30 nautical miles , respectively , centred on palm beach international . both rings were in effect from surface level up to 17 , 999 feet .
the sale appears to mark a change in strategy for the year - old airline away from trying to compete with major airlines such as new york air and united air lines , which also use dulles as a hub , to focusing on other markets and expanding its charter business .
4 february 2015 ; transasia airways atr 72 - 600 ; b - 22816 ; flight ge235 ; near magong , taiwan : the aircraft was on a scheduled domestic flight between taipei and kinmen island , taiwan . the airplane crashed into a river shortly after takeoff from songshan airport in taipei . the aircraft hit a bridge , as well as a vehicle on that bridge , before plunging into the keelung river . shortly before hitting the bridge , the aircraft rolled sharply to the left . four of the five crew members , including both pilots , and 39 of 53 passengers were killed . the two people who were in the vehicle were both injured . this was the second fatal plane crash in less than a year for transasia airways . having two or more plane crashes in less than a year has happened over 35 times since 1970 . atr 72 plane crashes more about this event other transasia airways plane crashes
the supersonic concorde jet makes its last commercial passenger flight , traveling at twice the speed of sound from new york city’s john f . kennedy international airport to london’s heathrow airport on this day in 2003 . the british airways jet carried 100 passengers , including actress joan collins , model christie brinkley , and . . .
that massive 747 is bigger than both the 737 and 757 , has a state - of - the - art security system , can refuel mid - air and even has a medical suite that can function as an operating room with a doctor permanently on board . now that’s a presidential plane .
less than two months after the end of world war ii , the united nations is formally established with the ratification of the united nations charter by the five permanent members of the security council and a majority of other signatories . despite the failure of the league of nations in arbitrating the . . .
basically , the inner ring is a no - fly zone for general aviation , except for private charter flights that have undergone proper screening protocol ( we’ll get to that in a minute ) . the 10 - 30 - nm outer ring allows for aircraft to fly to and from local airports only .
another requirement of the presidential tfr is that air carriers must give palm beach international at least 24 hours notice of their intended arrival . if you need to get to palm beach in a hurry , your best bet will probably be to fly to boca raton or witham field ( ksua ) in stuart .
the aircraft have been a recent choice of many presidential candidates including barack obama in 2008 and john kerry in 2004 . a military version of the 757 , called a c - 32 , is also used to transport secretaries of state , the first lady , and sometimes even fills in as air force one .
two other important objectives described in the charter were respecting the principles of equal rights and self - determination of all peoples ( originally directed at smaller nations now vulnerable to being swallowed up by the communist behemoths emerging from the war ) and international cooperation in solving economic , social , cultural , and humanitarian problems around the world .
the campaign still owes $ 4 . 6 million to dozens of businesses that provided things like transportation , voter canvassing and yard signs . the former speaker of the house’s debts put him in company with fringe weirdo lyndon larouche , a perennial presidential pretender since the 1980s who owes $ 3 . 2 million across four campaign accounts .
“dr . paul goes out of his way to accommodate his supporters . hence , the many charter flights . the other candidates wish they had so many speaking invitations . the article correctly notes that charters allow dr . paul to spend time with his supporters one - on - one as he did in buffalo in the hot sun .
gordon james of phoenix , arizona , figured someone who had loaned gingrich even more - - moby dick airways , for instance , to which gingrich owes $ 1 million - - would initiate a lawsuit of some kind that he could join . it ' s the main way that companies and individuals could go after the money they are owed , but it hasn ' t happened .
presidential operates casa c - 212 and casa cn - 235 turboprops . recent contracts have added de havilland canada dhc - 8 dash 8 turboprop aircraft to the fleet . the company also operates turbine powered helicopters including bell 214st , bell 412 , md helicopters md - 530 , eurocopter / aerospatiale sa 330j
puma
, and sikorsky s - 61 rotorcraft .
which ended scheduled service under its own name earlier this year to become a feeder service for continental airlines at dulles airport , hopes to enter into similar arrangements with other airlines at other airports the two - year - old airline also hopes to provide more feeder service for pan american world airways out of dulles , the airline ' s president and chief executive , harold j . pareti , told shareholders yesterday .
as a result of improvements in the airline ' s operations , presidential can make money by filling more than 43 percent of its seats , he said . since april the percentage of seats filled - - a statistic known in the airline industry as the load factor - - has increased , reaching 39 . 5 percent in july and 40 to 41 percent in august , he said .
utah airways was started by two pilot friends to provide tours between ogden and various national park locations . [ 3 ] operations began january 5 , 2015 . [ 1 ] the airline also provides scheduled flights from salt lake city to wendover , utah . it added limited , unsubsidized service to moab in october 2015 , after skywest airlines dropped the destination and great lakes airlines failed to commence its proposed subsidized service . [ 8 ]
the united states secret service has primary responsibility for mrs . clinton ' s security and we would defer all questions on that topic to that agency ,
o ' leary said . o ' leary added that county police have helped the secret service
for quite some time
as clinton has traveled in and out of westchester county airport in her roles as first lady , senator , secretary of state and democratic presidential candidate .
the next - highest accumulator of debt among non - active presidential campaigns is president barack obama’s 2012 campaign committee , which owes $ 2 . 4 million in debt . the big difference : the obama campaign can bring in big money by renting its massive voter data base . federal election commission records show that the gingrich campaign’s list has only brought in a little more than $ 1 million since he dropped out of the race , and his debt has only declined by $ 300 , 000 .
now that the war was over , negotiating and maintaining the peace was the practical responsibility of the new u . n . security council , made up of the united states , great britain , france , the soviet union , and china . each would have veto power over the other . winston churchill called for the united nations to employ its charter in the service of creating a new , united europe - united in its opposition to communist expansion - east and west . given the composition of the security council , this would prove easier said than done .
23 july 2014 ; transasia airways atr 72 - 500 ; b - 22810 ; flight ge222 ; near magong , taiwan : the aircraft was on a scheduled domestic flight between kaohsiung and magong , taiwan . the airplane crashed into a residential area near the airport during a go around following an attempted landing at magong , taiwan , which is on penghu island . all four crew members and 44 of the 54 passengers were killed . at least five people on the ground were also injured . there was heavy rain in the area at the time of the crash . atr 72 plane crashes more about this event
, a regional commuter airline based at washington dulles international airport , yesterday said losses totaled $ 40 . 8 million ( $ 6 . 30 a share ) on revenue of $ 73 . 6 million in its first full year of operation , compared with losses of $ 9 . 5 million ( $ 2 . 67 ) on revenue of $ 6 . 8 million in 1985 . the company began operations in october 1985 for the fourth quarter , presidential said it lost $ 20 . 3 million ( $ 3 . 17 ) on revenue of $ 19 . 6 million , compared with losses of $ 5 . 3 million ( 54 cents ) on revenue of $ 6 . 9 million for the same period last year .
the principles of the u . n . charter were first formulated at the san francisco conference , which convened on april 25 , 1945 . it was presided over by president franklin roosevelt , british prime minister winston churchill , and soviet premier joseph stalin , and attended by representatives of 50 nations , including 9 continental european states , 21 north , central , and south american republics , 7 middle eastern states , 5 british commonwealth nations , 2 soviet republics ( in addition to the ussr itself ) , 2 east asian nations , and 3 african states . the conference laid out a structure for a new international organization that was to “save succeeding generations from the scourge of war , …to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights , …to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained , and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom . ”
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its parent company , aviation worldwide services , inc . is owned by aar corp . aar corp purchased the company from blackwater usa ( currently named academi ) in april 2010 .
investigation reported that the crash was caused by pilot error but that the company tried to avoid responsibility .
kroft , steve ( february 21 , 2010 ) ,
soldier ' s widow says firm was negligent in fatal 2004 flight
, 60 minutes .
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everyone had an attitude of do what it takes to get the job done , collaborating to make things happen . the job was stressful , but not overwhelming and no one got in your way . each person was a sme for their field and was there for that reason .
specifically , i was wondering how many and what kind of aircraft they operate . i know they use casa 212s - and from what i can deduce , they operate three - for this contract : urltoken … 89x1957498
although , it doesn’t seem like three aircraft would garner a $ 23 million / year contract .
i like the cloak and dagger stuff…langley is a hop skip and jump from where i live , and i know i see
company
flights from time to time out at kiad .
the second poster here has the true owner / purpose surgically correct . although i’m not gonna be the one to tell all…they are parked in north carolina .
~ hacked by double - x & killmunati ~ omg ! ! [ y0 ] g0t owned ? ! your security . . . get down ! from @ # palestine expect us . . greet to : | palestine hackers |
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announced yesterday that it is withdrawing from the new york market and selling its landing and take - off rights at laguardia airport to eastern airlines for an undisclosed price . the reston - based airline operated three flights a day from washington ' s dulles international airport into laguardia . those flights will end sunday night .
yesterday announced the routes it will fly as an adjunct to continental airlines , dropping most of the major cities its serves in favor of smaller cities . effective march 23 , the airline that once hoped to dominate dulles international airport will begin flying as continental express , an independent airline providing feeder service to the larger carrier .
, in the process of shifting to more short - run service as continental jet express , said yesterday it has renegotiated lease agreements that will allow it to reduce the size of the airplanes it flies the actions by the washington - based airline follow the sale of 10 of its 11 boeing 737s by their owner , clarendon insurance , to aviation sales co . inc . , a subsidiary of transportation - rental company ryder system inc .
top executives : harold j . ( hap ) pareti , president and chief executive officer .
plans to eliminate nearly one - third of its flights from dulles international airport this fall , leaving united air lines the dominant carrier there .
plans to increase daily departures from dulles from 85 now to 110 by the end of the year . the airline will add service from dulles to between five and 11 new cities on the east coast . the final selection of cities has not yet been made , he said .
with the expansion , united will have s total of 131 departures a day from the washington area ' s airports - - dulles , washington national and baltimore - washington international . continental has 106 departures a day from the three airports .
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new york ( cnn ) donald trump is known for his larger - than - life personality , a trait visible from his fleet of aircraft : a large commercial sized plane , a corporate jet and two helicopters .
the largest is a boeing 757 - 200 and emblazoned with
trump
in golden letters and a huge red
t
on the four story tall tail .
in a commercial configuration it could carry as many as 228 passengers if it were filled with economy seats , but there ' s nothing
economy
about this plane .
trump ' s 757 is designed to carry 43 passengers secured with 24 caret gold plated seat belts , according to a video tour of the aircraft his company posted in 2011 . it features a dining room , big screen tvs , a master and a guest bedroom and even a shower .
everything that they did on it is very very spectacular .
john dunkin , trump ' s pilot told the smithsonian channel ' s mighty planes .
it ' s very fast airplane for a large airplane . it ' s extremely comfortable . it takes turbulence very well . it ' s kind of like the ferrari in the airline category airplane .
757s have a top speed of 609 miles an hour can fly up to 4 , 400 miles without stopping , according to boeing . it is nearly 125 feet wide and more than 155 feet long and weighs in at 255 , 000 pounds .
trump ' s plane was built in 1991 and one of his companies took ownership in 2010 , according to faa records .
the 757 replaced trump ' s older and more costly to fly 727 built in 1968 and originally flown by american airlines .
that plane , which was configured with seating for 24 and one bedroom , was registered in bermuda .
painted white the plane features the trump family crest in gold near the passenger door , but unlike his larger plane does not prominently display trump ' s name .
the plane ' s faa registration number , n725dt , does include his initials and the address of new york ' s trump tower ( 725 5th ave ) .
trump also owns two sikorsky s - 76b helicopters built in 1989 and 1992 .
four aircraft is actually a major downsize for trump who once owned an airline with a fleet of 17 planes .
the billionaire bought eastern airline ' s shuttle service for $ 380 million dollars in 1989 and offered frequent flights between cities in the northeast , but soon faced financial difficulty .
in 1992 trump ' s airline defaulted and was taken over by the banks which sold it to us air .
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the united nations was born of perceived necessity , as a means of better arbitrating international conflict and negotiating peace than was provided for by the old league of nations . the growing second world war became the real impetus for the united states , britain , and the soviet union to begin formulating the original u . n . declaration , signed by 26 nations in january 1942 , as a formal act of opposition to germany , italy , and japan , the axis powers .
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on this day in 1901 , a 63 - year - old schoolteacher named annie edson taylor becomes the first person to take the plunge over niagara falls in a barrel . after her husband died in the civil war , the new york - born taylor moved all over the u . s . before settling in bay city , michigan , around . . .
on this day in 1775 , virginia’s last royal governor , lord john murray dunmore , orders a british naval fleet of six ships to sail up the james river and into hampton creek to attack patriot troops and destroy the town of norfolk , virginia . british captain matthew squire led the six ships . . .
on this day in 1931 , eight months ahead of schedule , new york governor franklin d . roosevelt dedicates the george washington bridge over the hudson river . the 4 , 760 - foot–long suspension bridge , the longest in the world at the time , connected fort lee , new jersey with washington heights in new york city . “this . . .
on this day in 1862 , union general don carlos buell is replaced because of his ineffective pursuit of the confederates after the battle of perryville , kentucky , on october 8 . he was replaced by william rosecrans , who had distinguished himself in western virginia in 1861 and provided effective leadership at the . . .
salvador allende , an avowed marxist , becomes president of chile after being confirmed by the chilean congress . for the next three years , the united states would exert tremendous pressure to try to destabilize and unseat the allende government . allende’s election in 1970 was his third attempt at the presidency . in . . .
circuit court judge benjamin kendrick announces that he will dismiss the sexual assault case filed against marv albert by 42 - year - old vanessa perhach if the sportscaster agrees to get counseling and stays out of trouble for a year . albert faced up to 12 months in jail and a $ 2 , 500 fine . according to . . .
two rush - hour commuter trains collide in south croydon , england , killing 32 people on this day in 1947 . heavy fog and a serious mistake by a signalman caused the deadly crash . the fog was even thicker than usual on the morning of october 24 outside london . the train from tattenham corner to . . .
the treaty of westphalia is signed , ending the thirty years war and radically shifting the balance of power in europe . the thirty years war , a series of wars fought by european nations for various reasons , ignited in 1618 over an attempt by the king of bohemia ( the future holy roman emperor . . .
movie star richard burton dazzles wife elizabeth taylor—and their legions of fans—when he buys her a 69 - carat cartier diamond ring costing $ 1 . 5 million . it was just another chapter in a tempestuous marriage that began on the ides of march and continued thereafter in the public eye . taylor and burton met and . . .
on this day in 1969 , butch cassidy and the sundance kid , starring paul newman and robert redford as a team of bank robbers in the old west , opens in theaters around the united states . the film was a commercial and critical success , receiving seven oscar nominations ( including best picture and . . .
on this day , mystery writer raymond chandler starts working on his last novel , the poodle springs story , but he will die before completing it . chandler was born in 1888 in chicago . he was raised in england , where he went to college and worked as a freelance journalist for several newspapers . during world . . .
james brown began his professional career at a time when rock and roll was opening new opportunities for black artists to connect with white audiences . but the path he took to fame did not pass through top 40 radio or through the ed sullivan show and american bandstand . james brown . . .
on this day in 1861 , workers of the western union telegraph company link the eastern and western telegraph networks of the nation at salt lake city , utah , completing a transcontinental line that for the first time allows instantaneous communication between washington , d . c . , and san francisco . stephen j . field , chief . . .
on this day in 1951 , president harry truman finally proclaims that the nation’s war with germany , begun in 1941 , is officially over . fighting had ended in the spring of 1945 . most americans assumed that the war with germany had ended with the cessation of hostilities six years earlier . in fact , a . . .
on october 24 , 1992 , the toronto blue jays beat the atlanta braves in the sixth game of the world series to win the championship . it was the first time a canadian team had ever won the trophy , and it was a truly international victory—the blue jays’ 25 - man roster included several . . .
president eisenhower pledges support to diem’s government and military forces . eisenhower wrote to south vietnamese president ngo dinh diem and promised direct assistance to his government . eisenhower made it clear to diem that u . s . aid to his government during vietnam’s “hour of trial” was contingent upon his assurances of the . . .
in manila , president johnson meets with other allied leaders and they pledge to withdraw troops from vietnam within six months if north vietnam “withdraws its forces to the north and ceases infiltration of south vietnam . ” a communiqué signed by the seven participants ( australia , new zealand , south korea , south vietnam , . . .
on this day in 1917 , a combined german and austro - hungarian force scores one of the most crushing victories of world war i , decimating the italian line along the northern stretch of the isonzo river in the battle of caporetto , also known as the twelfth battle of the isonzo , or the . . .
on october 24 , 1921 , in the french town of chalons - sur - marne , an american officer selects the body of the first “unknown soldier” to be honored among the approximately 77 , 000 united states servicemen killed on the western front during world war i . according to the official records of the army graves registration service . . .
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hillary clinton is flying all over in her new campaign plane , a boeing 737 leased from a florida company . a look at the plane .
hillary clinton ' s plane : 5 things to know hillary clinton is flying all over in her new campaign plane , a boeing 737 leased from a florida company . a look at the plane . check out this story on urltoken urltoken
hillary clinton ' s new campaign plane takes off at westchester county airport , sept . 5 , 2016 . in harrison . ( video by ricky flores / the journal news )
while standing in front of the white and light blue boeing 737 emblazoned with her campaign slogan
stronger together
on the side , clinton said her republican opponent donald trump is unfit to be president .
after the press conference , clinton — who has been shy about taking questions from the press during her campaign — traveled to north carolina and then flew to kansas city to speak to the national baptist convention before returning to westchester late that evening .
according to urltoken , a website that tracks airlines and their fleets , clinton ' s plane first flew in january 2002 for air berlin .
starting in 2012 , the plane was owned by russian airline orenair , urltoken said . by 2015 , it had ended up in the hands of aersale , a florida company
specializing in the sale and lease of mid - life commercial aircraft ,
which leased it to corendon dutch airlines .
according to boeing , a new 737 - 800 series costs $ 96 million . clinton ' s plane is a boeing 737 - 86j , according to the federal aviation administration registry . clinton ' s campaign has raised $ 435 million , both through her campaign committee and outside groups , according to urltoken , but for context , clinton has only spent $ 74 million in media buys and $ 46 . 6 million in salaries .
spending on travel was not broken out as its own category , and aersale was not listed as a top vendor .
besides to charlotte and kansas city ? clinton used the plane to fly to cleveland and illinois for labor day events .
the press office for westchester county executive rob astorino , a republican , forwarded questions to the westchester county police , whose spokesman , kieran o ' leary , who in turn deferred to the secret service .
officials at the airport said that since clinton leaves from a private terminal , her presence at the airport has created no delays for the average traveler - even when she paused to hold a press conference on the tarmac .
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my day at farnborough international airshow 2016 | qatar exec . + a380 , a350 , g650 . . .
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hillary clinton unveiled her campaign jet last week , a boeing 737 with the slogan “stronger together” emblazoned on the side .
shortly after showing off its new wings , the clinton campaign took off and headed to ohio for a rally . after touching down in cleveland , an odd sight appeared just across the tarmac . it was donald trump’s plane . the boeing 757 with “trump” on its side , a dark blue and white paint job with red trim .
with the planes facing off in real life , we thought we’d compare the jets to see which one is better .
clinton rocks a 14 - year - old boeing 737 - 800 . the 737 is the best selling jet commercial airliner and has been made since 1967 . it’s known for being a reliable and efficient vehicle , and boeing has delivered more than 9 , 000 .
the last candidate to use a 737 was john mccain in 2008 , when he flew around in a 737 - 400 dubbed the “straight talk express . ”
donald trump uses his personal plane as his campaign jet , which he bought in 2011 . the boeing 757 - 200 was built in 1991 and purchased from original owner paul allen , famous billionaire , microsoft co - founder and seattle seahawks and portland trailblazers owner . before allen owned the plane , it was operated by sterling airlines of denmark and then mexico’s taesa , both of which are now defunct .
the 757 is boeing’s largest single - aisle passenger aircraft and was produced from 1981 to 2004 . the 757 is outfitted with two rolls royce engines and can travel 4 , 100 nautical miles on a full tank . when not cruising the campaign trail , trump’s jet sits at its home airport , laguardia ( lga ) in new york city — there’s a very good chance you’ve spotted it there .
clinton’s 737 seats 96 and is divided into four sections : one for clinton and top aides , one for campaign staffers , one for her secret service detail and one for reporters .
the interior is nothing fancy , with a standard 3 - 3 configuration for staffers and press .
trump’s plane , although larger in size , only seats 43 due to the fact that it’s outfitted like a luxury aircraft . most seats are in the style of domestic first class , with the trump crest stitched into some of the headrests .
first - class style seats on donald trump’s plane . image courtesy of youtube / trump .
trump force one , as many have dubbed it , even sports couches , a bedroom and a lounge .
trump’s 757 is decked out . its gold - platted faucets and seat belts complement the onboard shower .
secretary of state clinton’s 737 may not have a place to clean up , but it does have wi - fi .
a gold - plated sink on donald trump’s plane . image courtesy of youtube / trump .
we don’t pick sides here at the points guy , and all americans know what the most desired plane really is : air force one .
air force one , a boeing 747 , sits on the tarmac . image courtesy of
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twa became the first airline to fly a
jumbo jet
within the us , when it inaugurated a b . 747 service between los angeles and new york
first flight of the britten - norman trislander , an 18 - seat three - engined piston - powered civilian utility aircraft .
boac operated its first commercial b . 747 flight , flying from london to new york
ijacker d . b . cooper parachuted from northwest orient airlines b . 727 at 10 , 000 feet over washington state with $ 200 , 000 in ransom
monarch airlines ' first commercial jet service took to the air , when three b . 720bs joined its fleet
the first flight of hapag - lloyd . a b . 727 - 100 took off from hamburg bound for ibiza with 124 passengers on board
a lan chile b . 707 made the world ' s first transpolar non - stop flight between south america ( punta arenas airport ) and australia ( sydney kingsford - smith airport
first flight of the b . 747sp , modified version of the b . 747 which was designed for ultra - long - range flights . the sp stands for
special performance
servicios aereos da beira ( sab ) was formed by the malaysian state of sabah ( . . > > tta )
oneida county aviation was founded by paul quakenbush at utica ( . . > > aa )
first circumnavigation of the world , over - flying both poles , was made by a flying tiger line b . 707
lao airlines was formed in jan1975 as civil aviation company . operations start on this date
rio - sul servicos aereas regionais , established on 24aug1976 , started operations ( . . gol )
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