the papuan king parrot ( alisterus chloropterus ) , also known as the green-winged king parrot , is a species of parrot in the family psittaculidae found in new guinea .

its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests .

papuan king parrot

they are the australian king parrot , alisterus scapularis , the papuan king parrot , alisterus chloropterus and the moluccan parrot alisterus amboinensis .
papuan king - parrot ( alisterus chloropterus ) by peter tan . | bird families : p , q | pinterest
the green - winged king parrot or papuan king parrot ( alisterus chloropterus chloropterus ) are endemic to northeastern new guinea west to huon peninsula and in the south to hall sound , papua .
male papuan king parrot , jurong bird park © peter tan [ cc by 2 . 0 ] , via wikimedia commons
papuan king parrot an 8mm orange eye that comes with a brown halo and a small pupil . price quoted per pair of eyes
the blue - naped parrot ( tanygnathus lucionensis ) , also known as the blue - crowned green parrot , luzon parrot , the philippine green parrot , and locally known as pikoy , is a parrot found throughout the philippines .
alisterus chloropterus in latin or papuan king parrot has an 8mm orange eye that comes with a brown halo and a small pupil . price quoted per pair of eyes
the moluccan king parrot is sometimes referred to as the ambon king parrot or the amboina king parrot , and it is a species endemic to the peleny island , maluka and west papua in indonesia , however , it is found on numerous other islands than ambon . there are six sub - species recognized .
avianweb note : the light green patch is missing in the amboina king parrot , and is larger as featured on this page on the green - winged king parrot - please refer to image on top .
in the wild , the king parrot nests deep within tree hollows and therefore require a nest box at least 120cm deep . it is advantageous to provide numerous eucalypt branches for perches to simulate the dense forest environment enjoyed by the king parrot
alisterus scapularis . australian king parrot . courtesy of jon bragg cc by - sa 2 . 0 license . { flickr }
the sri lanka hanging parrot ( loriculus beryllinus ) is a small parrot which is a resident endemic breeder in sri lanka .
enicognathus leptorhynchus ( king ) 1831 pzs pt1 no . 1 p . 14 concept
king parrots are quieter and less destructive than other parrot species . the challenges that you might experience with them maybe poor socialization - in which case patience and time in taming and gaining the trust of the parrot is necessary .
other species found in the cool montane forest include lesser melampitta , stephanie’s astrapia , yellow - browed melidectes and forbes’s forest - rail , notorious for its skulking behaviour . ambua will delight parrot aficionados – you may see papuan king - parrot , lorikeets and tiger - parrots . many rarer birds are found here too , but you will need luck to find papuan treecreeper , new guinea harpy eagle , northern logrunner , and the timid sanford’s bowerbird .
the king parrot is a very attractive and acrobatic aviary bird . they require a four to five metre long by one to two metres wide aviary to keep them comfortable and happy . breeding king parrots can be a challenge that brings rich rewards .
we saw papuan king - parrots flying in the gloom and heard a magnificent riflebird . the call of the riflebird here is quite similar to the magnificent riflebirds of far north queensland but notably different to the growling riflebirds of varirata .
. only wpt members gain exclusive access to some of the world ' s top parrot specialists .
- this parrot species actually prefers pellets made for small parrots , such as parakeets and cockatiels .
hand reared male king parrots make good pets and are colorful and entertaining birds that exhibit bright and cheerful behaviour .
species : scientific : aprosmictus erythropterus papua . . . english : papuan red - winged parrot . . . dutch : papua roodvleugelparkiet . . . german : papua rotflügelsittich . . . french : platycerque de papoea . . . cites ii - endangered
listen to exciting podcast interviews with parrot specialists from around the world , many available for wpt members only .
birdcare cites lexicon of parrots birdlife international internet bird collection ml media collection catalogue 65913 , papuan king parrot alisterus chloropterus , connop , scott , papua new guinea , oct . 8 1993 , cornell lab of ornithology . site parrots : a guide to parrots of the world , juniper and parr , 1998 parrots of the world , forshaw , 2006 . 2010 edition parrots in aviculture , low , 1992 .
birds of the world - 5 the king parrots . description / images . - dals wildlife site { wildlife of northern england }
collar , n . & boesman , p . ( 2018 ) . papuan king - parrot ( alisterus chloropterus ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
king parrots are not only incredibly beautiful , but also quiet ( except for the occasional shrill sentinel call ) and gentle in nature . they are quite different from other parrot species that tend to be noisier , more destructive and more aggressive than they tend to be .
species : scientific : alisterus chloropterus chloropterus . . . english : green - winged king parrot . . . dutch : geelvleugelkoningsparkiet . . . german : gelbflügel königssittich . . . french : platycerque choloptère , royale à ailes vertes . . . cites ii - endangered species
species : scientific : alisterus chloropterus moszkowski . . . english : moszkowski green - winged king parrot . . . dutch : moszkowski groenvleugelkoningsparkiet . . . german : moszkowski grünflügel königssittich . . . french : platycerque choloptère de moszkowski . . . cites ii - endangered species
species : scientific : alisterus scapularis minor . . . english : smaller australian king parrot . . . dutch : kleine australische koningsparkiet . . . german : kleiner australischer königssittich . . . french : petit platycerque à croupion bleu . . . cites ii - endangered species
the king parakeets are easily recognized as a group by their intensely coloured , shiny red , green and blue plumage and by their long tails .
arndt , thomas ( 2006 ) .
a new hanging parrot from camiguin island , philippines
. birdingasia 5 : 55–58 .
species : scientific : alisterus chloropterus callopterus . . . english : salvadori ' s green - winged king parrot . . . dutch : goldie koningsparkiet , fly river koningsparkiet . . . german : salvadoris grünflügel königssittich . . . french : platycerque choloptère de montagne . . . cites ii - endangered species
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please share it with others .
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is usually under a dozen . the blue - naped parrot feeds on mangoes , berries , seeds , nuts and grains . it nests in tree holes .
the red - winged parrot ( aprosmictus erythropteru ) has hybridised with the australian king parrot ( alisterus scapularis ) on several occasions . one particular specimen was described as having an overall dark green plumage with a red cap , bright yellow wing coverts , a green face , and red chest and abdomen from
chin
to vent . however , as is the case with most hybrids , the appears may differ widely . this hybrid is said to be fertile and breeds true to form .
the australian king parrot , is a species endemic to eastern australia , where it may be encountered in humid and heavily forested upland regions , including those with eucalyptus wooded areas adjacent to sub - tropical and temperate rain - forests , where they forage on fruits and seeds gathered from trees or those that have fallen to the ground .
this genus has occasionally been lumped with the red - winged parrots ( aprosmictus ) . it forms a super - species with the amboina or amboyna king ( alisterus amboinensis ) .
king parrots are generally a hardy species , although they can become susceptible to stress when moved or exposed to new surroundings . special care to provide the correct housing and nutrition must be taken to ensure this beautiful bird does not become susceptible to illness . in particular , king parrots are highly susceptible to bacillus infection that is toxic and invariably fatal , irrespective of veterinary attention .
the sri lanka hanging parrot is a small , mainly green hanging parrot , only 13 cm long with a short tail . the adult has a red crown and rump . the nape and back have on orange tint . the chin and throat are pale blue . the beak is red and the irises are white . [ 2 ]
they have some mimicking ability and most of them learn to talk , and their voices are soft and sweet to listen to - similar to the voice of an eclectus parrot .
sri lanka hanging parrot is a bird of open forest . it is strictly arboreal , never descending to the ground . it nests in holes in trees , laying 2–3 eggs .
both males and females have vivid red wing - coverts after which they have been named . this parrot averages 12 . 5 to 14 inches ( about 32 - 36 cm ) in length . the red - winged parrot is sexually dimorphic ( adult birds can be sexed visually by their physical characteristics ) . mature hens and males have orange beaks , and grey legs and feet .
like in the turquoise parrot , there seems to be a discrepance in what the icon at the top says ( green ) and what the description says - vulnerable . please make the changes .
in this series ' birds of the world ' we look at the species which occur in particular genera . the species in these genera will take us all over the globe . here we review the parrot species in the genus alisterus . the parrots of the genus alisterus are referred to as the king parrots , and includes three species belonging to the family psittaculidae within the order of birds known as the psittaciformes .
after this we headed back down the hill admiring a pair of rufous - bellied kookaburras calling away happily . alex knew the display tree of a king bird of paradise and shortly after we were admiring this rather bizarre looking creature .
alex couldn ' t find the sicklebills so we went and looked at a red - legged brushturkey nest . near the nest group of papuan babblers came through finally accompanied by the pale - billed sicklebills and i had the best views of them yet , probing the bark on tree trunks mid canopy .
king parrots are social birds and do require daily interaction with their flock - - be it with other birds in an aviary setting or with their human family . in an aviary setting , they do well even when kept with smaller birds .
species : scientific : aprosmictus erythropterus erythropterus . . . english : red - winged parrot , crimson - winged parakeet . . . dutch : roodvleugelparkiet , bloedvleugelparkiet . . . german : rötflugelsittich , scharlachflügelsittich . . . french : platycerque erythroptère
species : scientific : aprosmictus erythropterus coccineopterus . . . english : new guinea red - winged parrot . . . dutch : nieuw guinea roodvleugelparkiet . . . german : neuguinea rotflügelsittich . . . french : platycerque écarlates . . . cites ii - endangered
species : scientific : aprosmictus jonquillaceus jonquillaceus . . . english : timor red - winged parrot . . . dutch : timorese roodvleugelparkiet . . . german : timor rotflügelsittich . . . french : platycerque erythroptère de timor . . . cites ii - endangered
species : scientific : aprosmictus jonquillaceus wetterensis . . . english : wetar red - winged parrot . . . dutch : wetar roodvleugelparkiet . . . german : wetar rotflügelsittich . . . french : platycerque erythroptère de wettar . . . cites ii - endangered
the only greater black coucal of the trip called loudly beside the path but never came out . as it got dark we tried for blue - black kingfisher with playback from my rather quiet ipod but heard nothing back . we did hear papuan hawk - owl on the way home and also red - necked crake , another call i enjoy every evening at home .
there are no current conservation concerns , they are rated as being of least concern by the iucn , however it is becoming uncommon duen to habitat loss and to the parrot trade . in some regions they are locally common . they are regularly bred in captivity in many countries .
i slid back down the slippery hillside only falling over just the once catching poor glimpses of papuan babbler s and a pair of blue jewel babblers crossing the trail . the sicklebills were calling all around and we spent quite some time failing to get a better look . they are on the move all the time so the only hope was to try and follow their raucous calls up and down the hillside without falling over .
class : aves . . . order : psittaciformes . . . family : psittacidae . . . subfamily : psittacinae . . . genus : scientific : alisterus . . . english : king parrots . . . dutch : koningsparkieten . . . german : königssittiche . . . french : perruche royales . . . cites ii : endangered species
ideally , the main aviary would be surrounded by another complete enclosure . this would prevent the parrots from escaping should the lock , for example , of the first aviary fail - - the second enclosure would keep the parrots in safe confinement . also , this set - up would literally eliminate the chances of a larger predator , such as a raccoon , fox or wild cat , from being able to pin a parrot by holding its toes as it grabs on to the side of the enclosure ; or it would prevent them from grabbing the parrot ' s leg or other body part through the wire .
tello , j . g . , degner , j . f . , bates , j . m . & willard , d . e . 2006 . a new species of hanging - parrot ( aves : psittacidae : loriculus ) from camiguin island , philippines . fieldiana zoology 106 : 49 - 57 .
in sri lanka , this bird is known as gira maliththa - ගිරාමලිත්තා or pol girwa - පොල් ගිරවා in sinhala language . [ 3 ] hanging parrot appears in a 15c sri lankan postal stamp , [ 4 ] also this bird appears in 1000 sri lankan rupee bank note ( 2010 series ) . [ 5 ]
classified in the subfamily psittacinae within the true parrot family , the genus alisterus was described by australian amateur ornithologist gregory mathews in 1911 . they were previously considered part of the genus aprosmictus , which contains the red - winged and olive - shouldered parrots . the king parrots appear to be most closely related to the genera aprosmictus and the long - tailed parrots of the genus polytelis , united by similarities in food begging and contact calls by chicks , and by more recent molecular analysis in 2005 . the molecular work placed this group in turn as sister to a group containing eclectus , tanygnathus , and psittacula . the three species are forest - dwelling , and are found singly , in pairs , or in groups .
sri lanka hanging parrot is less gregarious than some of its relatives , and is usually alone or in small groups outside the breeding season . its flight is swift and direct , and the call is a sharp whistled twiwittwit . . twitwitwit . it undergoes local movements , driven mainly by the availability of the fruit , seeds , buds and blossoms that make up its diet .
they are mainly green with areas of red , orange , yellow , and blue varying between subspecies . only the males have a red area on their fronts , except for the population living on camiguin , where neither male nor female have this red area . they make nests in tree holes and , unusually for a parrot , the female takes nesting material back to the nest .
collar , n . & boesman , p . ( 2018 ) . scarlet - chested parrot ( neophema splendida ) . in : del hoyo , j . , elliott , a . , sargatal , j . , christie , d . a . & de juana , e . ( eds . ) . handbook of the birds of the world alive . lynx edicions , barcelona . ( retrieved from urltoken on 9 july 2018 ) .
eventually we came to a large clearing and small hill where gravel for the road had been extracted . there was a good view from up top and we watched blyth ' s hornbills passing like puffing billy steam trains . red - legged brushturkeys , black butcherbirds and more pale - billed sicklebills called loudly and invisibly from within . alex went into try and find the sicklebills while i had good views of purple - tailed imperial pigeon , red - flanked lorikeet , buff - faced pygmy - parrot , hooded monarch , glossy - mantled manucode and rusty pitohui on the forest edge .
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strigops ( f . ) gray , gr 1845 gen . birds 2 p . 426 pl . cv
strigops habroptila gray , gr 1845 gen . birds 2 p . 427 pl . cv
nestor meridionalis ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 333
nestor meridionalis meridionalis ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 333
nestor meridionalis septentrionalis lorenz von liburnau , l 1896 verh . k . k . zool . - bot . ges . wien 46 p . 198
nymphicus hollandicus ( kerr ) 1792 anim . kingd . [ kerr ] 1 pt2 p . 580
calyptorhynchus banksii banksii ( latham ) 1790 indexorn . 1 p . 107 concept nomenclature
calyptorhynchus banksii graptogyne schodde , saunders , da & homberger 1989 canberrabirdnotes 13 p . 120
calyptorhynchus banksii macrorhynchus gould 1843 pzs [
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calyptorhynchus banksii naso gould 1837 pzs [
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calyptorhynchus banksii samueli mathews 1917 birdsaustr . [ mathews ] 6 pt2 p . 120
calyptorhynchus lathami ( temminck ) 1807 cat . syst . cab . orn . quad . p . 21
calyptorhynchus lathami erebus schodde & mason , ij 1993 emu 93 p . 156 - 166
calyptorhynchus lathami lathami ( temminck ) 1807 cat . syst . cab . orn . quad . p . 21
calyptorhynchus funereus ( shaw ) 1794 nat . misc . 6 pl . 186 , text
calyptorhynchus funereus funereus ( shaw ) 1794 nat . misc . 6 pl . 186 , text
calyptorhynchus funereus whiteae mathews 1912 australav . rec . 1 no . 2 p . 35
calyptorhynchus funereus xanthanotus gould 1838 syn . birdsaustr . pt4 app . p . 4
calyptorhynchus baudinii lear 1832 ill . psittac . [ lear ] pt12 pl . 6
calyptorhynchus latirostris carnaby 1948 w . austral . nat . 1 p . 136 - 138
probosciger aterrimus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 330
probosciger aterrimus aterrimus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 330
probosciger aterrimus goliath ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 92
probosciger aterrimus macgillivrayi ( mathews ) 1912 novit . zool . 18 p . 261
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eolophus roseicapilla kuhli ( mathews ) 1912 novit . zool . 18 p . 266
eolophus roseicapilla roseicapilla ( vieillot ) 1817 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 17 p . 12 nomenclature
lophochroa leadbeateri ( vigors ) 1831 pzs pt1 no . 6 p . 61 concept
lophochroa leadbeateri leadbeateri ( vigors ) 1831 pzs pt1 no . 6 p . 61 concept
lophochroa leadbeateri mollis ( mathews ) 1912 novit . zool . 18 p . 265
cacatua tenuirostris ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 88
cacatua pastinator ( gould ) 1841 pzs [
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cacatua pastinator derbyi ( mathews ) 1916 australav . rec . 3 p . 57
cacatua pastinator pastinator ( gould ) 1841 pzs [
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] pt8 no . 95 p . 175
cacatua sanguinea gould 1843 pzs [
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] pt10 no . 117 p . 138
cacatua sanguinea gymnopis sclater , pl 1871 pzs pt2 p . 490 , 493 , textfig .
cacatua sanguinea normantoni ( mathews ) 1917 birdsaustr . [ mathews ] 6 pt2 p . 211
cacatua sanguinea sanguinea gould 1843 pzs [
1842
] pt10 no . 117 p . 138
cacatua sanguinea westralensis ( mathews ) 1917 birdsaustr . [ mathews ] 6 pt2 p . 211
cacatua goffiniana roselaar , cs & michels 2004 zool . verh . leiden 350 p . 186 nomenclature
cacatua ducorpsii pucheran 1853 voy . polesudzool . 3 mamm . ois . p . 108 nomenclature
cacatua galerita eleonora finsch 1863 nederl . tijdschr . dierk . 1 p . xxi nomenclature
cacatua galerita fitzroyi ( mathews ) 1912 novit . zool . 18 p . 264
cacatua galerita triton temminck 1849 coup - d ' oeilposs . neerland . 3 p . 405 , note
cacatua sulphurea ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 330
cacatua sulphurea abbotti ( oberholser ) 1917 proc . u . s . natl . mus . 54 no . 2232 p . 181
cacatua sulphurea citrinocristata ( fraser ) 1844 pzs pt12 no . 132 p . 38
cacatua sulphurea parvula ( bonaparte ) 1850 compt . rend . 30 p . 139
cacatua sulphurea sulphurea ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 330
cacatua moluccensis ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 331
poicephalus gulielmi ( jardine ) 1849 contrib . orn . [ jardine ] p .
64 - 14
pl . 28
poicephalus gulielmi gulielmi ( jardine ) 1849 contrib . orn . [ jardine ] p .
64 - 14
pl . 28
poicephalus gulielmi massaicus fischer & reichenow 1884 j . orn . 32 no . 165 p . 179 nomenclature
poicephalus flavifrons ( ruppell ) 1842 mus . senckenb . 3 no . 2 p . 126
poicephalus fuscicollis ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 93 systematics
poicephalus fuscicollis fuscicollis ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 93
poicephalus fuscicollis suahelicus reichenow 1898 j . orn . 46 no . 2 p . 314
poicephalus robustus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 344
poicephalus meyeri ( cretzschmar ) 1827 atlasreis . nord . afr . vog . [ ruppell ] [
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] p . 18 pl . 11
poicephalus meyeri damarensis neumann 1898 j . orn . 46 no . 3 p . 501
poicephalus meyeri matschiei neumann 1898 j . orn . 46 no . 3 p . 501
poicephalus meyeri meyeri ( cretzschmar ) 1827 atlasreis . nord . afr . vog . [ ruppell ] [
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] p . 18 pl . 11
poicephalus meyeri reichenowi neumann 1898 j . orn . 46 no . 3 p . 501
poicephalus meyeri transvaalensis neumann 1899 orn . monatsb . 7 no . 2 p . 25
poicephalus rueppellii ( gray , gr ) 1849 pzs [
1848
] pt16 no . 188 p . 125 pl . 5
poicephalus cryptoxanthus ( peters , w ) 1854 ber . k . preuss . akad . wiss . berlin p . 371
poicephalus cryptoxanthus cryptoxanthus ( peters , w ) 1854 ber . k . preuss . akad . wiss . berlin p . 371
poicephalus cryptoxanthus tanganyikae bowen 1930 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 82 p . 267
poicephalus crassus ( sharpe ) 1884 j . linn . soc . londonzool . 17 p . 429
poicephalus senegalus ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 149
poicephalus senegalus senegalus ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 149
poicephalus senegalus versteri finsch 1863 nederl . tijdschr . dierk . 1 p . xvi
poicephalus rufiventris ( ruppell ) 1842 mus . senckenb . 3 no . 2 p . 125
poicephalus rufiventris rufiventris ( ruppell ) 1842 mus . senckenb . 3 no . 2 p . 125
touit ( m . ) gray , gr 1855 cat . gen . subgen . birds p . 89 nomenclature
touit huetii ( temminck ) 1830 pl . col . livr . 83 pl . 491
touit costaricensis ( cory ) 1913 fieldmus . nat . hist . pub . orn . ser . 1 p . 283
touit dilectissimus ( sclater , pl & salvin ) 1871 pzs [
1870
] pt3 p . 788 pl . 47 nomenclature
touit purpuratus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 350 nomenclature
touit purpuratus purpuratus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 350 nomenclature
touit purpuratus viridiceps chapman 1929 am . mus . novit . no . 380 p . 10
touit melanonotus ( wied - neuwied ) 1820 reisebrasil . 1 p . 275 nomenclature
touit surdus ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 59 nomenclature
touit stictopterus ( sclater , pl ) 1862 pzs pt1 p . 112 pl . 11 nomenclature
psilopsiagon aymara ( orbigny ) 1839 voy . am . merid . 2 p . 376 , note1
psilopsiagon aurifrons ( lesson ) 1830 cent . zool . p . 63 pl . 18
psilopsiagon aurifrons aurifrons ( lesson ) 1830 cent . zool . p . 63 pl . 18
psilopsiagon aurifrons margaritae ( berlioz & dorst ) 1956 ois . rev . franceorn . ( n . s . ) 26 p . 85
psilopsiagon aurifrons robertsi carriker 1933 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 85 p . 4
psilopsiagon aurifrons rubrirostris ( burmeister ) 1860 j . orn . 8 no . 46 p . 243
bolborhynchus lineola ( cassin ) 1853 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 6 p . 372
bolborhynchus lineola lineola ( cassin ) 1853 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 6 p . 372
bolborhynchus lineola tigrinus ( souance ) 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 144
bolborhynchus orbygnesius ( souance ) 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 63 , 64 nomenclature
nannopsittaca panychlora ( salvin & godman ) 1883 ibis p . 211 pl . 9 fig . 1
nannopsittaca dachilleae o ' neill , munn & franke 1991 auk 108 p . 225 , 226
myiopsitta monachus calita ( jardine & selby ) 1830 ill . orn . 2 pt6 pl . 82 , text [ p . 61 ]
myiopsitta monachus cotorra ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 362
brotogeris sanctithomae sanctithomae ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 81
brotogeris sanctithomae takatsukasae neumann 1931 mitt . zool . mus . berlin 17 heft3 p . 442
brotogeris tirica ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 351
brotogeris chiriri ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 359
brotogeris chiriri behni neumann 1931 mitt . zool . mus . berlin 17 heft3 p . 443
brotogeris chiriri chiriri ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 359
brotogeris pyrrhoptera ( latham ) 1802 suppl . ind . orn . p . xxii
brotogeris jugularis exsul todd 1917 proc . biol . soc . wash . 30 p . 129
brotogeris jugularis jugularis ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 80
brotogeris cyanoptera ( pelzeln ) 1870 orn . brasil . abth . 3 p . 260 citation
brotogeris cyanoptera beniensis gyldenstolpe 1941 ark . zool . 33a no . 12 p . 9
brotogeris cyanoptera cyanoptera ( pelzeln ) 1870 orn . brasil . abth . 3 p . 260 citation
brotogeris chrysoptera ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 149
brotogeris chrysoptera chrysoptera ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 149
brotogeris chrysoptera solimoensis gyldenstolpe 1941 ark . zool . 33a no . 12 p . 10
brotogeris chrysoptera tenuifrons friedmann 1945 proc . biol . soc . wash . 58 p . 114
brotogeris chrysoptera tuipara ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 348
triclaria malachitacea ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 40 pl . 28
pyrilia haematotis ( sclater , pl & salvin ) 1860 pzs pt ( 28 ) 2 p . 300
pyrilia haematotis coccinicollaris ( lawrence ) 1862 ann . lyc . nat . hist . n . y . 7 p . 475
pyrilia haematotis haematotis ( sclater , pl & salvin ) 1860 pzs pt ( 28 ) 2 p . 300
pyrilia pyrilia ( bonaparte ) 1853 compt . rend . 37 p . 807 , note
pyrilia pulchra ( berlepsch ) 1897 orn . monatsb . 5 no . 11 p . 175
pyrilia barrabandi ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 61
pyrilia barrabandi aurantiigena ( gyldenstolpe ) 1951 ark . zool . ( 2 ) 2 p . 14 , 67
pyrilia barrabandi barrabandi ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 61
pyrilia caica ( latham ) 1790 indexorn . 1 p . 128 no . 137
pyrilia aurantiocephala ( gaban - lima , r , raposo , ma & hofling , e ) 2002 auk 119 p . 815 , 816 systematics
pyrilia vulturina ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 62 systematics
hapalopsittaca amazonina ( des murs ) 1845 rev . zool . 8 p . 207
hapalopsittaca amazonina amazonina ( des murs ) 1845 rev . zool . 8 p . 207
hapalopsittaca amazonina theresae ( hellmayr ) 1915 verh . orn . ges . bayern 12 heft3 p . 214
hapalopsittaca amazonina velezi graves , gr & restrepo 1989 wilsonbull . 101 no . 3 p . 369 - 376 , front .
hapalopsittaca fuertesi ( chapman ) 1912 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 31 p . 143
hapalopsittaca melanotis melanotis ( lafresnaye ) 1847 rev . zool . 10 p . 67
hapalopsittaca melanotis peruviana ( carriker ) 1932 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 83 [
1931
] p . 455
pionus sordidus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 99
pionus sordidus antelius todd 1947 ann . carnegiemus . nat . hist . 30 p . 338
pionus sordidus corallinus bonaparte 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 148
pionus sordidus mindoensis chapman 1925 am . mus . novit . no . 187 p . 1
pionus sordidus ponsi aveledo & gines 1950 mem . soc . cien . nat . lasalle 10 no . 26 p . 60
pionus sordidus saturatus todd 1915 proc . biol . soc . wash . 28 p . 81
pionus sordidus sordidus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 99
pionus maximiliani ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 72
pionus maximiliani lacerus heine 1884 j . orn . 32 no . 166 p . 265
pionus maximiliani maximiliani ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 72
pionus maximiliani melanoblepharus ribeiro 1920 rev . mus . paulista 12 pt2 p . 61
pionus maximiliani siy souance 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 155
pionus seniloides ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 73
pionus menstruus ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 148
pionus menstruus menstruus ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 148
pionus menstruus reichenowi heine 1884 j . orn . 32 no . 166 p . 264 nomenclature
pionus menstruus rubrigularis cabanis 1881 j . orn . 29 no . 154 p . 222
pionus senilis ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 42 pl . 31 fig . 1
pionus chalcopterus ( fraser ) 1841 pzs [
1840
] pt8 no . 90 p . 59
graydidascalus brachyurus ( temminck & kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 72
alipiopsitta ( f . ) capparoz , r & pacheco 2006 rev . brasil . orn . 14 no . 2 p . 174
alipiopsitta xanthops ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 39 pl . 26
amazona festiva ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 101
amazona festiva bodini ( finsch ) 1873 pzs pt2 p . 569 pl . 49
amazona festiva festiva ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 101
amazona vinacea ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 77
amazona tucumana ( cabanis ) 1885 j . orn . 33 no . 170 p . 221
amazona pretrei ( temminck ) 1830 pl . col . livr . 83 pl . 492
amazona agilis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 99
amazona albifrons ( sparrman ) 1788 mus . carls . fasc . 3 no . 52 pl . 52
amazona albifrons albifrons ( sparrman ) 1788 mus . carls . fasc . 3 no . 52 pl . 52
amazona albifrons nana miller , w 1905 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 21 p . 349
amazona albifrons saltuensis nelson 1899 proc . biol . soc . wash . 13 p . 26
amazona collaria ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
amazona leucocephala ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 100
amazona leucocephala bahamensis ( bryant , h ) 1867 proc . bostonsoc . nat . hist . 11 p . 65
amazona leucocephala hesterna bangs 1916 bull . mus . comp . zool . 60 p . 308
amazona leucocephala leucocephala ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 100
amazona vittata gracilipes† ridgway 1915 proc . biol . soc . wash . 28 p . 106
amazona autumnalis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
amazona autumnalis autumnalis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
amazona autumnalis lilacina lesson 1844 echomondesav . ( 2 ) 11 no . 30 col . 394 concept
amazona autumnalis salvini ( salvadori ) 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 271 , 300 pl . 7 fig . 3 citation
amazona diadema ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 43 pl . 32
amazona viridigenalis ( cassin ) 1853 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 6 p . 371
amazona xantholora ( gray , gr ) 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 83
amazona dufresniana ( shaw ) 1812 gen . zool . [ shaw ] 8 pt2 p . 513
amazona oratrix belizensis monroe , bl jr & howell , tr 1966 occ . pap . mus . zool . lsu no . 34 p . 18
amazona oratrix oratrix ridgway 1887 man . n . am . birds p . 587
amazona auropalliata ( lesson , pa ) 1842 rev . zool . 5 p . 135
amazona auropalliata auropalliata ( lesson , pa ) 1842 rev . zool . 5 p . 135
amazona auropalliata parvipes monroe , bl jr & howell , tr 1966 occ . pap . mus . zool . lsu no . 34 p . 8
amazona ochrocephala ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 339 concept
amazona ochrocephala nattereri ( finsch ) 1865 j . orn . 12 [
1864
] no . 72 p . 411 citation
amazona ochrocephala ochrocephala ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 339 concept
amazona ochrocephala panamensis ( cabanis ) 1874 j . orn . 22 no . 127 p . 349
amazona barbadensis ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 339
amazona aestiva ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 101
amazona aestiva aestiva ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 101
amazona aestiva xanthopteryx ( berlepsch ) 1896 orn . monatsb . 4 no . 11 p . 173
amazona mercenarius ( tschudi ) 1844 arch . naturgesch . 10 p . 303 nomenclature
amazona mercenarius canipalliata ( cabanis ) 1874 j . orn . 22 no . 125 p . 105
amazona mercenarius mercenarius ( tschudi ) 1844 arch . naturgesch . 10 p . 303
amazona guatemalae virenticeps ( salvadori ) 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 269 , 280 citation
amazona kawalli grantsau & camargo 1989 rev . brasil . biol . 49 p . 1018 concept
amazona brasiliensis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
amazona amazonica ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 147
amazona guildingii ( vigors ) 1837 pzs [
1836
] pt4 no . 45 p . 80
forpus ( m . ) boie , f 1858 j . orn . 6 no . 35 p . 363
forpus modestus ( cabanis ) 1849 reisenbrit . - guiana [ schomburgk ] 3 p . 727 nomenclature
forpus modestus modestus ( cabanis ) 1849 reisenbrit . - guiana [ schomburgk ] 3 p . 727 nomenclature
forpus modestus sclateri ( gray , gr ) 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 86
forpus cyanopygius ( souance ) 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 157
forpus cyanopygius cyanopygius ( souance ) 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 157
forpus cyanopygius insularis ( ridgway ) 1888 proc . u . s . natl . mus . 10 p . 541
forpus passerinus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 103
forpus passerinus cyanochlorus ( schlegel ) 1864 mus . hist . pays - basrev . meth . crit . coll . livr . 5 no . 26 psittaci p . 31 concept
forpus passerinus cyanophanes ( todd ) 1915 proc . biol . soc . wash . 28 p . 81
forpus passerinus deliciosus ( ridgway ) 1888 proc . u . s . natl . mus . 10 p . 533 , 545
forpus passerinus passerinus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 103
forpus passerinus viridissimus ( lafresnaye ) 1848 rev . zool . 11 p . 172
forpus spengeli ( hartlaub ) 1885 pzs pt3 no . 40 p . 614 pl . 38 fig . 1 nomenclature
forpus xanthopterygius ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 38 pl . 34 fig . 1 nomenclature
forpus xanthopterygius flavescens ( salvadori ) 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 241 , 248 citation
forpus xanthopterygius flavissimus hellmayr 1929 fieldmus . nat . hist . pub . zool . ser . 12 p . 446
forpus xanthopterygius xanthopterygius ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 38 pl . 34 fig . 1
forpus conspicillatus caucae ( chapman ) 1915 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 34 p . 383
forpus conspicillatus conspicillatus ( lafresnaye ) 1848 rev . zool . 11 p . 172
forpus conspicillatus metae borrero & hernandez - camacho 1961 noved . colomb . 1 no . 6 p . 431
forpus xanthops ( salvin ) 1895 novit . zool . 2 p . 19 pl . 2 fig . 2
pionites ( m . ) heine 1890 nomen . mus . heine . orn . [ heine & reichenow ] p . 231
pionites melanocephalus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
pionites melanocephalus melanocephalus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
pionites melanocephalus pallidus ( berlepsch ) 1890 j . orn . 37 [
1889
] no . 187 p . 317 citation
pionites leucogaster ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 70
pionites leucogaster leucogaster ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 70
pionites leucogaster xanthomerius ( sclater , pl ) 1858 pzs [
1857
] pt25 no . 343 p . 266
pionites leucogaster xanthurus todd 1925 proc . biol . soc . wash . 38 p . 113
deroptyus accipitrinus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
deroptyus accipitrinus accipitrinus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 102
pyrrhura ( f . ) bonaparte 1856 naumannia 6 consp . psitt . inbeilag . no . 1 genus . 14
pyrrhura cruentata ( wied - neuwied ) 1820 reisebrasil . 1 p . 53 , 72
pyrrhura devillei ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 73
pyrrhura frontalis ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 361
pyrrhura frontalis chiripepe ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 361
pyrrhura frontalis frontalis ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 361
pyrrhura lepida ( wagler ) 1832 abh . k . bay . akad . wiss . 1 p . 642 concept
pyrrhura lepida anerythra neumann 1927 orn . monatsb . 35 no . 3 p . 89
pyrrhura lepida coerulescens neumann 1927 orn . monatsb . 35 no . 3 p . 89
pyrrhura lepida lepida ( wagler ) 1832 abh . k . bay . akad . wiss . 1 p . 642 concept
pyrrhura perlata ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 35 pl . 20 concept
pyrrhura molinae ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 73
pyrrhura molinae australis todd 1915 proc . biol . soc . wash . 28 p . 82 citation
pyrrhura molinae flavoptera maijer , herzog , kessler , friggens & fjeldsa 1998 orn . neotrop . 9 p . 186
pyrrhura molinae hypoxantha ( salvadori & festa ) 1899 boll . mus . zool . anat . comp . torino
15
[ = 14 ] no . 363 p . 1 nomenclature
pyrrhura molinae molinae ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 73
pyrrhura molinae phoenicura ( schlegel ) 1864 mus . hist . pays - basrev . meth . crit . coll . livr . 5 no . 26 psittaci p . 26 concept
pyrrhura molinae restricta todd 1947 ann . carnegiemus . nat . hist . 30 p . 333
pyrrhura leucotis ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 21 nomenclature
pyrrhura picta caeruleiceps todd 1947 ann . carnegiemus . nat . hist . 30 p . 337
pyrrhura picta picta ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 75
pyrrhura picta subandina todd 1917 proc . biol . soc . wash . 30 p . 6
pyrrhura emma salvadori 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 212 , 217 pl . 1 citation
pyrrhura amazonum lucida arndt 2008 papageien [ arndt ] 21 p . 278 , 279
pyrrhura amazonum snethlageae joseph & bates , jm 2002 orn . neotrop . 13 p . 354
pyrrhura lucianii ( deville ) 1851 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 3 p . 211
pyrrhura roseifrons ( gray , gr ) 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 42
pyrrhura roseifrons roseifrons ( gray , gr ) 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 42
pyrrhura roseifrons peruviana hocking , blake & joseph 2002 orn . neotrop . 13 p . 356
pyrrhura viridicata todd 1913 proc . biol . soc . wash . 26 p . 174
pyrrhura egregia ( sclater , pl ) 1881 ibis p . 130 pl . 4
pyrrhura egregia egregia ( sclater , pl ) 1881 ibis p . 130 pl . 4
pyrrhura egregia obscura zimmer & phelps , wh 1946 am . mus . novit . no . 1312 p . 1
pyrrhura melanura ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 36 pl . 22
pyrrhura melanura berlepschi salvadori 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 212 , 224 pl . 2 fig . 1 citation
pyrrhura melanura chapmani bond & meyer de schauensee 1940 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 92 p . 156
pyrrhura melanura melanura ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 36 pl . 22
pyrrhura melanura pacifica chapman 1915 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 34 p . 382
pyrrhura melanura souancei ( verreaux , j ) 1858 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 10 p . 437 pl . 12
pyrrhura orcesi ridgely & robbins 1988 wilsonbull . 100 no . 2 p . 174 , 175
pyrrhura albipectus chapman 1914 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 33 p . 319
pyrrhura rupicola rupicola ( tschudi ) 1844 arch . naturgesch . 10 p . 304
pyrrhura rupicola sandiae bond & meyer de schauensee 1944 not . nat . no . 138 p . 1
pyrrhura calliptera ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 72
pyrrhura hoematotis souance 1857 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 9 p . 97
pyrrhura hoematotis hoematotis souance 1857 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 9 p . 97
pyrrhura hoematotis immarginata zimmer & phelps 1944 am . mus . novit . no . 1270 p . 4
pyrrhura rhodocephala ( sclater , pl & salvin ) 1871 pzs [
1870
] pt3 p . 787
pyrrhura hoffmanni ( cabanis ) 1861 sitz . ges . nat . freundeberlin [ no p . ]
pyrrhura hoffmanni gaudens bangs 1906 proc . biol . soc . wash . 19 p . 103
pyrrhura hoffmanni hoffmanni ( cabanis ) 1861 sitz . ges . nat . freundeberlin [ no p . ]
enicognathus ( m . ) gray , gr 1840 listgen . birds p . 51
enicognathus ferrugineus ferrugineus ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 75
enicognathus ferrugineus minor ( chapman ) 1919 bull . am . mus . nat . hist . 41 p . 323
cyanoliseus patagonus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 367
cyanoliseus patagonus andinus dabbene & lillo 1913 an . mus . nac . hist . nat . buenosaires 24 p . 188 pl . 10
cyanoliseus patagonus patagonus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 367
anodorhynchus leari bonaparte 1856 naumannia 6 consp . psitt . inbeilag . no . 1
anodorhynchus glaucus† ( vieillot ) 1816 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 2 p . 259
rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha ( swainson ) 1827 philos . mag . n . s . 1 p . 439
rhynchopsitta terrisi moore , rt 1947 proc . biol . soc . wash . 60 p . 27
eupsittula nana astec ( souance ) 1857 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 9 p . 97
eupsittula nana nana ( vigors ) 1830 zool . j . 5 p . 273
eupsittula nana vicinalis bangs & penard , te 1919 bull . mus . comp . zool . 63 p . 24
eupsittula canicularis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 98
eupsittula canicularis canicularis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 98
eupsittula canicularis clarae ( moore , rt ) 1937 proc . biol . soc . wash . 50 p . 101
eupsittula canicularis eburnirostrum ( lesson , pa ) 1842 rev . zool . 5 p . 135
eupsittula aurea ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 329
eupsittula pertinax ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 98
eupsittula pertinax aeruginosa ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 98
eupsittula pertinax chrysogenys ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 72
eupsittula pertinax griseipecta ( meyer de schauensee ) 1950 not . nat . no . 221 p . 6
eupsittula pertinax lehmanni ( dugand ) 1943 caldasia 2 no . 7 p . 191
eupsittula pertinax margaritensis cory 1918 fieldmus . nat . hist . pub . zool . ser . 13 pub . 197 p . 63
eupsittula pertinax ocularis ( sclater , pl & salvin ) 1865 pzs [
1864
] pt3 p . 367 citation
eupsittula pertinax paraensis ( sick ) 1959 j . orn . 100 p . 413
eupsittula pertinax pertinax ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 98
eupsittula pertinax surinama ( zimmer & phelps , wh ) 1951 am . mus . novit . no . 1511 p . 1
eupsittula pertinax tortugensis ( cory ) 1909 fieldmus . nat . hist . pub . orn . ser . 1 p . 220
eupsittula pertinax venezuelae ( zimmer & phelps , wh ) 1951 am . mus . novit . no . 1511 p . 6
eupsittula pertinax xanthogenia ( bonaparte ) 1850 consp . gen . av . 1 p . 1
eupsittula cactorum ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 82
eupsittula cactorum cactorum ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 82
eupsittula cactorum caixana ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 34 pl . 19 fig . 1
conuropsis carolinensis† ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97 status
conuropsis† carolinensis carolinensis† ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97
conuropsis† carolinensis ludoviciana† ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 347
aratinga weddellii ( deville ) 1851 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 3 p . 209
aratinga nenday ( vieillot ) 1823 tabl . encyc . meth . orn . 3 livr . 93 p . 1400
aratinga solstitialis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97
aratinga maculata ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 74 nomenclature
aratinga jandaya ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 319
aratinga auricapillus ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 20 nomenclature
aratinga auricapillus auricapillus ( kuhl ) 1820 novaactaacad . caes . leop . carol . 10 p . 20 nomenclature
aratinga auricapillus aurifrons spix 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 32 pl . 16 fig . 1
cyanopsitta spixii ( wagler ) 1832 abh . k . bay . akad . wiss . 1 p . 675
primolius couloni ( sclater , pl ) 1876 pzs pt1 p . 255 , fig .
primolius auricollis ( cassin ) 1853 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 6 p . 372
primolius maracana ( vieillot ) 1816 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 2 p . 260
ara ararauna ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 96
ara militaris ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 139
ara militaris mexicanus ridgway 1915 proc . biol . soc . wash . 28 p . 106
ara militaris militaris ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 139
ara ambiguus ( bechstein ) 1811 allg . uebers . vogel [ latham ] 4 1 p . 65
ara ambiguus ambiguus ( bechstein ) 1811 allg . uebers . vogel [ latham ] 4 1 p . 65
ara ambiguus guayaquilensis chapman 1925 am . mus . novit . no . 205 p . 2
ara macao ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 96
ara macao cyanopterus wiedenfeld 1995 orn . neotrop . 5 [
1994
] no . 2 p . 99 citation
ara macao macao ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 96
ara chloropterus gray , gr 1859 listbirdsbrit . mus . pt3 sect . 2 p . 26 nomenclature
ara tricolor† ( bechstein ) 1811 allg . uebers . vogel [ latham ] 4 1 p . 64 pl . 1 nomenclature
ara severus ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97
leptosittaca ( f . ) berlepsch & stolzmann 1894 ibis p . 402 pl . 11
ognorhynchus icterotis ( massena & souance ) 1854 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 6 p . 71
guaruba guarouba ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 320 citation
diopsittaca nobilis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97
diopsittaca nobilis cumanensis ( lichtenstein ) 1823 verz . doubl . zool . mus . berlin p . 6
diopsittaca nobilis longipennis neumann 1931 mitt . zool . mus . berlin 17 heft3 p . 441 citation
diopsittaca nobilis nobilis ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 97
thectocercus acuticaudatus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 369
thectocercus acuticaudatus acuticaudatus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 369
thectocercus acuticaudatus haemorrhous ( spix ) 1824 av . sp . nov . brasil . 1 p . 29 pl . 13
thectocercus acuticaudatus neoxenus ( cory ) 1909 fieldmus . nat . hist . pub . orn . ser . 1 p . 243
thectocercus acuticaudatus neumanni ( blake & traylor ) 1947 fieldianazool . 31 no . 21 p . 166
psittacara holochlorus ( sclater , pl ) 1859 ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 3 ) 4 p . 224
psittacara holochlorus brewsteri ( nelson ) 1928 proc . biol . soc . wash . 41 p . 154
psittacara holochlorus holochlorus ( sclater , pl ) 1859 ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 3 ) 4 p . 224
psittacara brevipes ( lawrence ) 1871 ann . lyc . nat . hist . n . y . 10 [
1874
] p . 14
psittacara rubritorquis ( sclater , pl ) 1887 pzs [
1886
] pt4 no . 35 p . 539 pl . 56
psittacara strenuus ( ridgway ) 1915 proc . biol . soc . wash . 28 p . 106
psittacara wagleri ( gray , gr ) 1845 gen . birds 2 pl . cii
psittacara wagleri transilis ( peters , jl ) 1927 proc . newengl . zool . cl . 9 p . 111
psittacara wagleri wagleri ( gray , gr ) 1845 gen . birds 2 pl . cii
psittacara frontatus ( cabanis ) 1846 faunaperuana [ tschudi ] orn . p . 272 , note
psittacara frontatus frontatus ( cabanis ) 1846 faunaperuana [ tschudi ] orn . p . 272 , note
psittacara frontatus minor ( carriker ) 1933 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 85 p . 3
psittacara mitratus chlorogenys ( arndt ) 2006 j . orn . 147 p . 74
psittacara mitratus mitratus ( tschudi ) 1844 arch . naturgesch . 10 p . 304
psittacara mitratus tucumanus ( arndt ) 2006 j . orn . 147 p . 77
psittacara erythrogenys lesson 1844 echomondesav . ( 2 ) 11 no . 34 col . 486 , 487
psittacara leucophthalmus callogenys ( salvadori ) 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 171 , 188 citation
psittacara leucophthalmus leucophthalmus ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 75
psittacara leucophthalmus nicefori meyer de schauensee 1946 not . nat . no . 163 p . 2
psittacara euops ( wagler ) 1832 abh . k . bay . akad . wiss . 1 p . 638 pl . 24 fig . 2
psittacara chloropterus souance 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 59
psittacara maugei† souance 1856 rev . mag . zool . ( 2 ) 8 p . 59
psittrichas fulgidus ( lesson ) 1830 traitedorn . livr . 3 p . 181 citation
coracopsis vasa ( shaw ) 1812 gen . zool . [ shaw ] 8 pt2 p . 528
coracopsis vasa comorensis ( peters , w ) 1854 ber . k . preuss . akad . wiss . berlin p . 371
coracopsis vasa drouhardi lavauden 1929 alauda 1 no . 4 & 5 p . 231
coracopsis vasa vasa ( shaw ) 1812 gen . zool . [ shaw ] 8 pt2 p . 528
coracopsis nigra ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 99
coracopsis nigra libs bangs 1927 proc . newengl . zool . cl . 9 p . 83
coracopsis nigra nigra ( linnaeus ) 1758 syst . nat . ed . 10 p . 99
coracopsis nigra sibilans milne - edwards & oustalet 1885 compt . rend . 101 p . 220
micropsitta keiensis ( salvadori ) 1876 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 7 [
1875
] p . 984
micropsitta keiensis chloroxantha oberholser 1917 proc . biol . soc . wash . 30 p . 126
micropsitta keiensis keiensis ( salvadori ) 1876 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 7 [
1875
] p . 984
micropsitta geelvinkiana ( schlegel ) 1871 nederl . tijdschr . dierk . 4 p . 7
micropsitta geelvinkiana geelvinkiana ( schlegel ) 1871 nederl . tijdschr . dierk . 4 p . 7
micropsitta geelvinkiana misoriensis ( salvadori ) 1876 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 7 [
1875
] p . 909
micropsitta pusio ( sclater , pl ) 1866 pzs [
1865
] pt3 p . 620 pl . 35
micropsitta pusio beccarii ( salvadori ) 1876 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 8 p . 396
micropsitta pusio harterti mayr 1940 am . mus . novit . no . 1091 p . 2
micropsitta pusio pusio ( sclater , pl ) 1866 pzs [
1865
] pt3 p . 620 pl . 35
micropsitta finschii ( ramsay , ep ) 1881 proc . linn . soc . news . wales 6 p . 180
micropsitta finschii finschii ( ramsay , ep ) 1881 proc . linn . soc . news . wales 6 p . 180
micropsitta finschii tristrami ( rothschild & hartert ) 1902 novit . zool . 9 p . 589
micropsitta finschii viridifrons ( rothschild & hartert ) 1899 orn . monatsb . 7 no . 9 p . 138
micropsitta bruijnii ( salvadori ) 1875 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 7 p . 715 , note , p . 753 , 907 pl . 21
micropsitta bruijnii bruijnii ( salvadori ) 1875 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 7 p . 715 , note , p . 753 , 907 pl . 21
micropsitta bruijnii pileata mayr 1940 am . mus . novit . no . 1091 p . 2
micropsitta bruijnii rosea mayr 1940 am . mus . novit . no . 1091 p . 2
polytelis swainsonii ( desmarest ) 1826 dict . sci . nat . 39 p . 39
polytelis anthopeplus ( lear ) 1831 ill . psittac . [ lear ] pt8 pl . 29
polytelis anthopeplus anthopeplus ( lear ) 1831 ill . psittac . [ lear ] pt8 pl . 29
alisterus amboinensis ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 141
alisterus amboinensis amboinensis ( linnaeus ) 1766 syst . nat . ed . 12 p . 141
alisterus amboinensis buruensis ( salvadori ) 1876 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 8 p . 371
alisterus amboinensis dorsalis ( quoy & gaimard ) 1832 voy . astrolabezool . 1 [ 1830
] p . 234 atlasois . pl . 21 fig . 3
alisterus amboinensis hypophonius ( muller , s ) 1843 verh . nat . gesch . [ temminck ] land - volk . no . 6 p . 181 , note
alisterus amboinensis sulaensis ( reichenow ) 1881 j . orn . 29 no . 154 p . 128
alisterus chloropterus ( ramsay , ep ) 1879 proc . linn . soc . news . wales 3 pt3 p . 251
alisterus chloropterus callopterus ( albertis & salvadori ) 1879 ann . mus . civ . stor . nat . genova 14 p . 29
alisterus chloropterus chloropterus ( ramsay , ep ) 1879 proc . linn . soc . news . wales 3 pt3 p . 251
alisterus chloropterus moszkowskii ( reichenow ) 1911 orn . monatsb . 19 p . 82
alisterus scapularis ( lichtenstein ) 1816 zool . mus . univ . berlin p . 29
alisterus scapularis minor mathews 1911 novit . zool . 18 no . 1 p . 23
alisterus scapularis scapularis ( lichtenstein ) 1816 zool . mus . univ . berlin p . 29
aprosmictus jonquillaceus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 352
aprosmictus jonquillaceus jonquillaceus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 352
aprosmictus jonquillaceus wetterensis ( salvadori ) 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 481 , 484 citation
aprosmictus erythropterus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 343
aprosmictus erythropterus coccineopterus ( gould ) 1865 handb . birdsaustr . 2 p . 39
aprosmictus erythropterus erythropterus ( gmelin ) 1788 syst . nat . 1 pt1 p . 343
prioniturus platurus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 314
prioniturus platurus platurus ( vieillot ) 1818 nouv . dict . hist . nat . 25 [
1817
] p . 314
prioniturus waterstradti malindangensis mearns 1909 proc . u . s . natl . mus . 36 no . 1678 p . 437
prioniturus platenae blasius , w 1888 braunschw . anz . no . 37 p . 335 author
prioniturus flavicans cassin 1853 proc . acad . nat . sci . philadelphia 6 p . 373
prioniturus discurus ( vieillot ) 1822 gal . ois . 1 p . 7 pl . 26
prioniturus discurus discurus ( vieillot ) 1822 gal . ois . 1 p . 7 pl . 26
prioniturus discurus whiteheadi salomonsen 1953 vidensk . medd . dansk . naturhist . for . 115 p . 224
eclectus roratus cornelia bonaparte 1850 compt . rend . 30 p . 135 , 136 citation
eclectus roratus macgillivrayi mathews 1913 australav . rec . 2 no . 4 p . 75
eclectus roratus polychloros ( scopoli ) 1786 del . flor . faun . insubr . 2 p . 87
eclectus roratus riedeli meyer , ab 1882 pzs [
1881
] pt4 p . 917
eclectus roratus roratus ( statius muller ) 1776 natursyst . suppl . p . 77
eclectus roratus solomonensis rothschild & hartert 1901 novit . zool . 8 no . 1 p . 82
eclectus roratus vosmaeri ( rothschild ) 1922 ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 9 ) 9 p . 412
eclectus roratus westermani† ( bonaparte ) 1850 consp . gen . av . 1 p . 4
geoffroyus geoffroyi ( bechstein ) 1811 allg . uebers . vogel [ latham ] 4 1 p . 103 pl . 21
geoffroyus geoffroyi aruensis ( gray , gr ) 1858 pzs pt26 no . 358 p . 183
geoffroyus geoffroyi cyanicollis ( muller , s ) 1841 verh . nat . gesch . [ temminck ] land - volk . no . 4 p . 108 , 182 , note
geoffroyus geoffroyi floresianus salvadori 1891 cat . birdsbrit . mus . 20 p . 400 , 406 citation


atractaspis boulengeri , or the central african burrowing asp , is a species of venomous snake in the atractaspididae family .

it is endemic to africa .

atractaspis boulengeri

atractaspis boulengeri by lambert m . surhone , mariam t . tennoe , susan f . henssonow
the specific epithet , boulengeri , is in honor of belgian - british herpetologist george albert boulenger .
scott ellsworth changed the thumbnail image of
atractaspis bibronii bibron ' s stiletto snake
.
scott ellsworth changed the thumbnail image of
atractaspis bibronii , bibron ' s stiletto snake
.
renato agazzi added the italian common name
atrattaspide di bibron
to
atractaspis bibronii smith 1849
.
hans - martin braun added the german common name
südliche erdotter
to
atractaspis bibronii smith 1849
.
renato agazzi marked the classification from
integrated taxonomic information system ( itis )
as preferred for
atractaspis bibronii smith 1849
.
laurent , r . f . ( 1945 ) contribution a la connaissance du genre atractaspis a . smith . : rev . zool . bot . afr . , 38 : 312 - 343
beolens b , watkins m , grayson m . 2011 . the eponym dictionary of reptiles . baltimore : johns hopkins university press . xiii + 296 pp . isbn 978 - 1 - 4214 - 0135 - 5 . ( atractaspis bibroni [ sic ] , p . 25 ) .
branch , bill . 2004 . field guide to snakes and other reptiles of southern africa . third revised edition , second impression . sanibel island , florida : ralph curtis books . 399 pp . isbn 0 - 88359 - 042 - 5 ( atractaspis bibronii , p . 62 & plate 38 ) .
boulenger ga . 1896 . catalogue of the snakes in the british museum ( natural history ) , volume iii . , containing the . . . viperidæ . london : trustees of the british museum ( natural history ) . ( taylor and francis , printers ) . xiv + 727 pp . + plates i - xxv . ( atractaspis bibronii , p . 515 ) .
html public
- / / w3c / / dtd html 4 . 01 transitional / / en
urltoken
snake species of the world , vol . undetermined , manuscript ( version 2004 )
working manuscript of follow - up volumes to mcdiarmid et al . ( 1999 ) ,
snake species of the world : a taxonomic and geographic reference , vol . 1
disclaimer : itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available , and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties . however , it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes . while every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and up - to - date information available , ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in provisions of treaties to which the united states is a party , wildlife statutes , regulations , and any applicable notices that have been published in the federal register . for further information on u . s . legal requirements with respect to protected taxa , please contact the u . s . fish and wildlife service .
confused by a class within a class or an order within an order ? please see our brief essay .
to cite this page : myers , p . , r . espinosa , c . s . parr , t . jones , g . s . hammond , and t . a . dewey . 2018 . the animal diversity web ( online ) . accessed at https : / / animaldiversity . org .
disclaimer : the animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students . adw doesn ' t cover all species in the world , nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe . though we edit our accounts for accuracy , we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts . while adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable , we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control .
this material is based upon work supported by the national science foundation grants drl 0089283 , drl 0628151 , due 0633095 , drl 0918590 , and due 1122742 . additional support has come from the marisla foundation , um college of literature , science , and the arts , museum of zoology , and information and technology services .
eol content is automatically assembled from many different content providers . as a result , from time to time you may find pages on eol that are confusing .
to request an improvement , please leave a comment on the page . thank you !
update 1st june , 2018 : we just set up snake _ id , a cool new page that simplifies snake identification . be sure to check it out !
images provided by flickr - / inaturalist - api . sporadic false assignments may occur .
do not try to catch these snakes by grabbing them behind the head . they can and will bite while being held at the neck . the potency of their venom is discussed controversely . lethal bite accidents ( circulatory failure , respiratory arrest ) are well documented .
? ? ? to ? ? ? meter above sea level ( a . s . l . )
treatment summary burrowing asp bites mostly cause minor effects , but severe local effects , including necrosis , can occur , as can potentially lethal systemic effects , so all cases should be urgently assessed , have ongoing cardiac monitoring , receive supportive & symptomatic treatment . antivenom is not generally available .
general approach to management all cases should be treated as urgent & potentially lethal . rapid assessment & commencement of treatment including appropriate antivenom ( if indicated & available ) is mandatory . admit all cases .
( cc by - sa 3 . 0 ) , or the attribution - noncommerical - sharealike
( cc by - nc - sa 3 . 0 ) , or the attribution - share alike
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chifundera , k . ( 1990 ) snakes of zaire and their bites . : afr . stud . monogr . ( kyoto ) 10 ( 3 ) : 137 - 157 .
chirio , l . & lebreton , m . ( 2007 ) atlas des reptiles du cameroun . : mnhn , ird , paris 688 pp .
chirio , laurent and ivan ineich ( 2006 ) biogeography of the reptiles of the central african republic . : african journal of herpetology 55 ( 1 ) : 23 - 59 .
dobiey , m . & vogel , g . ( 2007 ) venomous snakes of africa / giftschlangen afrikas . : terralog 15 , edition chimaira , frankfurt am main , 150 pp .
laurent , r . f . ( 1956 ) contribution à l ' herpetologie de la région des grandes lacs de l ' afrique centrale . : ann . mus . roy . congo belge ( sci . zool . ) , 48 : 1 - 390
mocquard , m . f . ( 1897 ) sur une collection de reptiles recueillis par m . haug , à lambaréné . : bull . soc . philom . paris , ( 8 ) 9 : 5 - 20
pauwels , o . s . g . & vande weghe , j . p . ( 2008 ) les reptiles du gabon . : smithsonian institution , washington : 272 pp .
sternfeld , r . ( 1917 ) reptilia und amphibia . in : schubotz , h . ( hrsg . ) : wissenschaftliche ergebnisse der zweiten deutschen zentral - afrika - expedition , 1910 - 1911 unter führung adolph friedrichs , herzog zu mecklenburg . : leipzig : klinkhardt & biermann , [ band ] 1 , zoologie , lieferung 11 ; s . 407 - 510 .
trape , j . f . ( 1985 ) les serpents de la region de dimonika ( mayombe , republique popilaire du congo . : revue de zoologie africaine 99 ( 2 ) : 135 - 140
trape , j . f . & r . roux - estève ( 1995 ) les serpents du congo : liste commentée et clé de détermination . : journal of african zoology 109 ( 1 ) : 31 - 50
werner , f . ( 1897 ) über reptilien und batrachier aus togoland , kamerun und tunis aus dem kgl . museum für naturkunde in berlin . : verh . zool . - bot . ges . , wien 47 : 395 - 407
adults average 30 - 50 cm ( 12 - 20 inches ) in total length with a maximum of 70 cm ( 27½ inches ) . the color pattern consists of a purplish - brown , gray or black ground color , often with a purplish sheen . the belly can be brownish , white or pale yellow in color , with a series of dark blotches . in specimens with a lighter belly coloration , this may also include two or three scale rows on the flanks .
snout prominent , subcuneiform . portion of rostral visible from above as long as or a little shorter than its distance from the frontal . dorsal scales in 21 or 23 rows . ventrals 221 - 260 ; anal entire ; subcaudals 20 - 23 , all or greater part single ( not divided ) .
the venom is highly toxic , although it is produced in very small amounts . bites are common in some areas . often , snake handlers are bitten who are unaware that this species is able to bite while being held by the neck . bite symptoms usually include mild to intense pain , local swelling with occasional blistering and necrosis and regional lymphadenopathy . no fatalities have been recorded .
spawls s , branch b . 1995 . the dangerous snakes of africa . ralph curtis books . dubai : oriental press . 192 pp . isbn 0 - 88359 - 029 - 8 .
classification from integrated taxonomic information system ( itis ) selected by renato agazzi - see more .
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