santa claus ( 1961 – 1970 ) was a british-bred , irish-trained thoroughbred racehorse and sire .

he is most notable for his achievements as a three-year-old in 1964 when he won the irish 2,000 guineas , the epsom derby and the irish derby .

santa claus ( horse )

new year : santa claus and horse in harness . old russian postcard ( 1 )
new year : santa claus and horse in harness . old russian postcard ( 2 )
new year : santa claus and horse in harness . old russian postcard ( 3 )
new year : santa claus and horse in harness . old russian greeting card ( 1 )
new year : santa claus and horse in harness . old russian greeting card ( 2 )
) , wampum ( by warfare ) and santa paula ii ( by santa claus ) .
rare vintage christmas ceramic santa claus w / gifts and white horse , 4 . 5
tall
so far , there are no tournament results from santa claus xx are stored .
on this page , you can download santa claus pattern horse - drawn vehicles png file or . eps ( ai ) file for free . this vector resource about horse drawn vehicles , santa claus , pattern is easy for modification and ideal for printing .
the route of the toronto santa claus parade . santa is expected to arrive at st . lawrence market at 12 : 30 .
this photograph from november 17 , 1987 shows a local oakville man named bill hughes , who had portrayed santa claus each year for 39 years in the oakville santa claus parade .
the future of santa claus quarter horses is looking bright , especially with these young prospects .
santa claus quarter horses is uniquely positioned on 100 + acres in the rolling hills of southern indiana .
the 2015 toronto santa claus parade takes place today , sunday , november 15th . it will be the 111th santa claus parade in toronto , since the yearly tradition began back on december 2 , 1905 .
the santa claus parade is a nostalgic childhood event for many of us who grew up in toronto . here is a photographic look back at the ways in which the santa claus parade has changed over the years in toronto .
santa claus won the irish 2 , 000 guineas , the epsom derby and the irish derby . his performances earned him the title of british horse of the year .
santa claus ran the race exactly to form . he was well back in the pack on the uphill run to the first of the two sharp left‐hand turns . on the long curve to tattenham corner , santa claus got pushed .
there are many different origins of the santa claus that we know today , like st . nicholas and father christmas . most people don’t know though that one of the major inspirations for santa claus is actually the viking god of war called odin .
lindley was often the first choice when trainers wanted a substitute jockey for their stable stars , like santa claus and caro .
advertising for
santa ' s store
at the eaton centre in 1981 . the next year would be the last that eaton ' s backed toronto ' s santa claus parade .
santa claus ( uk ) 1961 ( chamossaire - aunt clara ) , winner of the 1964 epsom derby , ridden by scobie breasley . | pinterest | epsom derby , race horses and horse
the uk father christmas and the american santa claus became more and more alike over the years and are now one and the same .
with the headline : santa claus , 15‐8 , captures english derby ; receives $ 201 , 787 , a world record —indiana second .
where santa flies through the sky on a sleigh with eight reindeer , odin rides sleipnir , a fearsome horse with …eight legs .
this image of santa became very popular , with more artists drawing santa in his red and white costume from 1900 to 1930 .
santa claus is owned by mrs . doreen rogers of ireland and 79‐year‐o1d john ismay , an englishman who lives in the south of france . mrs . rogers ' son , mickey , trained the horse .
glad you liked the story : ) . after looking up the odin background story i’ll never look at santa claus the same again lol .
there are , of course , controversial aspects of the american santa claus fiction . some christians believe he takes the focus of christmas away from jesus christ , placing it on a fictional character with little redemptive value . others insist that it is unhealthy for parents to lie to their children to enforce their belief in santa claus . and others say that santa claus is a symbol of the commercialization and consumerism that has seized the christmas holiday in the west . still for others , santa claus and the modern celebration of christmas is seen as an intrusion upon their own national traditions .
these two were the surprises of the race . santa claus had been backed down to 15‐8 , while indiana started at 30‐1 and dilettante ii at 100‐1 .
this horse never got a lot of recognition ,
jack robbins said .
we had another horse , cassaleria , who got more notice , even though he wasn ' t the horse this one was .
when eaton ' s ran toronto ' s santa claus parade , the department store itself was santa ' s ultimate destination . he would climb a ladder to greet his adoring public , and no doubt work to boost sales for the store .
santa was first used in coke adverts in the 1920s , with santa looking like the drawings of thomas nast . in 1931 , the classic ' coke santa ' was drawn by artist haddon sundblom . he took the idea of nast ' s santa but made him even more larger than life and jolly , replaced the pipe with a glass of coke and created the famous coke holding santa !
his value has soared to a sum estimated to ‐ be about $ 1 , 400 , 000 . santa claus will probably be sold to a syndicate for stud purposes .
but britain ' s champion jockey , scobie breasley , straightened him out nicely and santa claus started gaining when they moved out of tattenham corner , running downhill for the finish .
this is when santa really started to develop his big tummy and the style of red and white outfit he wears today . nast designed santa ' s look on some historical information about santa and the poem ' a visit from st . nicholas ' .
in the mid - 20th century a series of coca - cola advertisements featuring a rotund and jovial santa claus was drawn by artist haddon sundblom and further popularized nast ' s depiction .
grand parade was the first black horse for 106 years to win the epsom derby .
his success in the derbys on either side of the irish sea saw santa claus make racing history becoming the first horse in fifty - seven years to win both derbys in the same year . it was not that santa claus was without historic links in any event – his jockeys’ silks bore the distinctive white star emblem of mr . john ismay , scion of the family which owned the white star shipping line , owners of the ill - fated titanic .
mick rogers trains a second string to santa claus in fino , a court harwell colt from the ex - cellent winner - producing mare angelicus ( dam of hot brandy and others ) .
epsom , england , june 3—santa claus gave the irish their expected present of the english derby today , and he gave britain ' s bookmakers one of their worst financial beatings in years .
it was a great day for the irish . not only santa claus , but diletttante ii and anselmo , who also started at 100‐1 and finished fourth , were also trained in ireland .
these days kids all around the world force themselves to stay up as late as possible on christmas eve , hoping to catch a glimpse of jolly old santa claus daintily placing trinkets in stockings .
the best horses of his career were santa claus and caro , though he rode those two champions only once each - when they became his only mounts to finish in the frame in the arc . caro was the best older horse in europe when fourth to mill reef in 1971 .
beginning in 1863 , nast began a series of annual drawings in harper ' s weekly that were inspired by the descriptions found in washington irving ' s work . these drawings established a rotund santa with flowing beard , fur garments , and a clay pipe . nast drew his santa until 1886 , and his work had a major influence in creating the modern american santa claus .
or , the horse that first got me hooked on racing , nearly 50 years ago .
in 1905 , timothy eaton ' s department store began the tradition of the santa claus parade . initially , the parade featured santa claus on a horse - drawn cart . the parade has grown in size and splendour to include upside - down clowns , colourful marching bands , mascots , characters in elaborate costumes , ornately decorated floats , and - of course - santa claus himself . over the years , santa has travelled from the north pole by train , coach , ice floe , airplane and sleigh pulled by nine reindeer . in 1982 , a local volunteer group assumed responsibility for the parade . one of canada ' s longest - running traditions , the parade remains focussed on bringing joy to children and continues to enchant and entertain people of all ages .
ironically , lindley rode santa claus later that season when the irish champion was beaten three - quarters of a length into second place by prince royal in the prix de l ' arc de triomphe .
in north america , the popular name santa claus was taken from the dutch sinterklaas , which originated with a contracted form of sint nicolaas ( saint nicholas ) . the
mall santa
that we are all familiar with - - sporting a red suit with white cuffs and collar , and black leather belt , became the popular image in the united states in the late 19th century and early 20th century because of the
merry old santa claus
images created by political cartoonist thomas nast .
in the summer of 1948 my love became the third french - trained horse to win the epsom derby and the fifth horse to win both the derby and the grand prix de paris .
lastly , here are some other images that show how toronto has prepared for the yuletide season in years gone past . you ' ll note that santa claus is adept at appearing all across the city .
over the next few nights many pairs of little eyes – and big eyes too – will be looking towards the northern skies anticipating the visit of the great man known as santa claus who they know will bring surprise and joy to homes throughout the land on christmas morning . more than forty years ago the name of santa claus brought celebration to county kildare too when a horse of that name led the field past the winning post at the 1964 irish derby piloted by willie burke of naas . earlier that summer the equine santa claus had also won the english derby , this time with australian jockey arthur ‘scobie’ breasley in the saddle . his trainer on both occasions was the gifted mick rogers of the curragh .
at christmas , when the betting books opened , santa claus was 9‐1 and the irish , especially , aware of the word from the training stables that he was something special , jumped on the odds joyfully .
the horses of santa claus quarter horses are a big piece to the laswell family puzzle . they are what bring the family together on a daily basis as they care for , work with and show their horses .
beadsman was generally regarded as the best horse in a mediocre year for three - year - olds .
pearl diver became the first french - trained horse to win the epsom derby since durbar in 1914 .
a two year old meets santa at shoppers world on the danforth , on december 16 , 1992 .
santa claus , a rangy bay by chamossaire out of aunt clara , defeated 16 other 3‐year‐old colts to earn $ 201 , 787 , a world record for first‐place money . the gross purse was $ 236 , 376 .
plenty of things to decide on such as horse colour , what the background will be etc . . . . and i ' ll probably change santa ' s traditional outfit so he can handle the heat .
st . nicholas ' day is on the 6th december , but in the netherlands , the major celebrations are held on the 5th december , st . nicholas ' eve . the name santa claus comes from the name sinterklaas .
santa greets his public from atop the entrance to eaton ' s department store in this photograph from 1925 .
great to see you around here < 3 . yeah i can ' t believe this story about santa claus and odin isn ' t more well known , i would have loved to have heard this story as a kid for example .
this plaque tells a brief history of toronto ' s santa claus parade . it can be found out in front of toronto ' s 1899 city hall , and is located on the northwest corner of queen street west & james street .
there were two questions before the race . santa claus had never run the derby distance . could he last ? he had never raced anywhere except over the curragh in dublin . could he handle epsom ' s turning , undulating track ?
terimon , second to nashwan at 500 / 1 , is the longest - priced horse placed in any classic .
in the old stories , like santa claus , odin is an old guy with a long white beard . but if you’re naughty instead of bringing you a lump of coal he was more likely to deliver a can of whoop - ass .
this picture from december 15 , 1989 shows a local three year old meeting santa at the scarborough town centre .
the original winner running rein was disqualified as he was actually an ineligible four - year - old horse named maccabeus .
either fell or were brought down ; one horse was killed and four jockeys were detained in hospital as a result .
the four - year - olds ragusa , relko and le mesnil will probably dominate the all - aged events , for—with the solitary exception of the irish - trained santa claus—the european three - year - old crop is unlikely to prove of vintage quality .
pourparler ( ' 1 , 000 ' ) , santa claus ( derby ) and mesopotamia ( oaks ) will be backed up by ragusa —outstanding prospect for the european cham - pion of 1964 . this will surely be another great year for the irish .
the derby was only the fourth race of santa claus ' s meteoric career . he was bred in england and sold as a foal for $ 2 , 350 . mrs . rogers and ' ismay bought him as an untested yearling for $ 4 , 000 .
when santa claus won the irish 2 , 000 guineas , the bookmakers dropped the odds to 5‐2 and shortened them again at the track . it was estimated that britain ' s three leading would have to pay out more than $ 2 , 800 , 000 .
sinndar is the first horse to capture the derby , irish derby and prix de l’arc de triomphe in the same season .
april the fifth was a very popular winner and the first epsom - trained horse to win the derby since amato in 1838 .
two american‐owned outsiders finished second and third today . a length behind santa claus was indiana , owned by charles w . engelhard of far hills , n . j . , and another length back was dilettante ii , carrying the colors of larry m . gelb of new york .
in the early usa his name was ' kris kringle ' ( from the christkind ) . later , dutch settlers in the usa took the old stories of st . nicholas with them and kris kringle and st nicholas became ' sinterklaas ' or as we now say ' santa claus ' !
liam kenny from his regular feature in the leinster leader - nothing new under the sun - for 20 december 2007 - examines the victory of santa claus at the curragh in 1964 and reviews james durney ' s book on naas social housing - in the shadow of kings . our thanks to liam
nijinsky became the 15th horse to gain the triple crown after winning the derby and 2000 guineas with success in the st leger at doncaster .
oh jingle bells , jingle bells jingle all the way , oh what fun it is to ride on a one - horse open sleigh , hey jingle bells , jingle bells jingle all the way , oh what fun it is to ride on a one - horse open sleigh .
lindley gained his most famous win on aggressor in the king george in 1960 , beating petite etoile and lester piggott by half a length . the nearest he came to winning the derby was in 1964 , when his mount indiana was cut down by santa claus ' s late burst and beaten a length .
dr devious is the first horse to win the derby after contesting the kentucky derby , in which he had finished seventh to lil e tee .
santa claus ( ire ) br . h , 1961 { 3 - o } dp = 1 - 4 - 7 - 2 - 12 ( 26 ) di = 0 . 49 cd = - 0 . 77 - 7 starts , 4 wins , 1 places , 0 shows career earnings : $ 387 , 124
as the song goes ,
oh what fun it is to ride , on a ' four ' horse open sleigh
or something like that .
this photograph from december 11 , 1982 , shows santa posing with a local dog for a snapshot . this was part of a dog show held at exhibition place . money collected from those who wanted to get pictures of their dogs with santa went to a fund to help provide seeing eye dogs .
originally , the parade was sponsored by eaton ' s department stores , and was a successful marketing strategy for the retail chain . one can imagine early versions of santa claus hurling eaton ' s catalogues out into the hordes , giving young attendees several weeks to pester their parents about what they hoped to get on christmas morning .
phil drake ran five times and won three races , becoming the fifth and last horse to win both the epsom derby and the grand prix de paris .
in racing parlance , a stuck horse is an entry that a trainer wants to scratch but can ' t because the stewards won ' t let him .
some people say that santa lives at the north pole . in finland , they say that he lives in the north part of their country called lapland .
the santa ynez valley star december issue covers all the upcoming holiday events such as julefest in solvang , winter fest in buellton , los o . . .
but it was through one of his british born sons , son - in - law that dark ronald was to dominate the bloodlines of the sport horse world . son - in - law was described as a plodding middle distance horse , but he became known as a sire of slow maturing horses of great stamina .
that first parade was a simple affair , with only one single float participating in the parade . the parade now has over 25 floats , 24 bands and about 1 , 700 people . the parade route stretches for nearly six kilometres . toronto ' s santa claus parade is one of the largest and oldest annual parades in north america .
we do not have many reasons for optimism . a laconic observer close to the process recently remarked that governments , experts and institutions of every kind have turned the sustainable development goals ( sdgs ) into “a letter to santa claus” , a document in which absolutely everything can be included . whatever your hobby horse in the sphere of poverty or sustainable development , if you look hard enough you will surely find it among the 17 goals and 169 targets included in the document proposed by the open working group .
but the plane in new york had prior commitments . tex sutton , the lexington ( ky . ) shipper who flies top horses all over the country , had leased out nostalgia star ' s plane to a freight company that needs extra aircraft at christmas time . it might be said that nostalgia ' s star has been bumped by santa claus .
i don ' t want a lot for christmas there is just one thing i need , and i don ' t care about the presents underneath the christmas tree i don ' t need to hang my stocking there upon the fireplace santa claus won ' t make me happy . . . . . . . . . with a toy on christmas day
pont l’eveque was a very late foal , born at the end of the breeding season on 25 may , making him probably the youngest horse to win the derby .
forget the sleigh ! on december 17 , 1984 , santa was cruising the streets of toronto on a harley , as temperatures reached a record high of 14 degrees .
favourite for the derby was the irish colt santa claus , recent easy winner of the irish 2000 guineas , ridden by the australian scobie breasley , and trained by mick rogers at the curragh . oncidium started 9 - 2 second favourite . he acted mulishly throughout the first part of the race , hanging his head to the right , away from the rails , but still managing to dispute the lead coming around tattenham corner . once into the straight , however , he was swiftly passed by the guineas winner baldric , then by indiana . he faded rapidly , still swishing his head from side to side and finished halfway down the field behind santa claus , who came fast down the outside to beat indiana a length .
i decided with this last horse to arch his neck and put the head down a bit , just to give some variation , i had a bit of fun with that horse at the back with his head up and ears back , i ' m not that happy with the closest horses head so i might change that a bit .
coke has continued to use santa in their adverts since the 1930s . in 1995 they also introduced the ' coca - cola christmas truck ' in the ' holidays are coming ' tv adverts . the red truck , covered with lights and with the classic ' coke santa ' on its sides is now a famous part of recent christmas history .
on november 18 , 1985 , santa and his aides travelled the recently opened scarborough lrt out to the scarborough town centre , but not before greeting riders along the way .
mahmoud was a light - coloured grey horse of distinctly arab appearance , standing just under 15 . 3 hands high , and bred in france by his owner the aga khan .
our barns and arena are within walking distance of our home . because we live on the farm , all of the horses and the facility are checked on daily . the horses give our family the opportunity to spend time together on a daily basis . evenings are spent at the barn and most weekends are spent at horse shows , with our extended “horse show family . ”
. in a career that lasted from 1947 to 1948 he ran eight times and won three races . in the summer of 1948 he became the third french - trained horse to win the
persistence with ponies pays for garber : horse racing : tarzana man owns thoroughbreds for nearly a decade before hitting jackpot with quintana , who ran sixth in last year ' s kentucky derby .
happy to hear that you liked the santa and odin story : ) . that’s cool about wednesday originating from odin / wodan , makes a boring day of the week way more interesting !
nostalgia ' s star will go to stud at the curragh stock farm in santa ynez . his breeding fee will be $ 2 , 500 , with a guarantee of a live foal .
' i ' m fully satisfied that your filly was at the top of her form , and that no fluke attached to the result—she could not have finished a yard closer , ' remarked mesopotamia ' s trainer , brud fether - stonhaugh , when discussing the race afterwards with major victor mccalmont . if santa claus justifies this opinion , yet another page will be added to the unending chapter of turf romance .
breasley took him to the outside of the track a half‐mile out , when baldric ii , owned by mrs . howell jackson of middleburg , va . , and oncidium , the english favorite , were still fighting it out with dilettante ii and indiana . then breasley urged santa claus forward and , as the crowd of perhaps 250 , 000 roared , the irish colt raced past the contenders and won going away .
but beneath all the symbolism and tradition that has been attached to the modern american santa claus , he , like so many other
father christmas
characters before him can hearken back to a simple christian bishop who loved god and loved people . bishop nicholas displayed his love through the giving of gifts , just as our heavenly father gave the gift of his son to us that first christmas morning 2000 years ago .
at epsom , indiana started a 33 / 1 outsider for the derby , in afield of 17 runners , with the irish colt santa claus being made 15 / 8 favourite . a crowd estimated at over 200 , 000 , including the queen and other members of the british royal family , was in attendance to view the most valuable race ever run in britain . ridden by jimmy lindley , indiana was settled in the middle of the field before moving up into contention at tattenham corner and taking the lead two furlongs from the finish . in the closing stages , indiana was overtaken by santa claus , who challenged on the wide outside and finished second , beaten by a length . shortly after his run at epsom , indiana was sent to france to contest the grand prix de paris at longchamp racecourse where he finished second to white label .
…the racetrack during the 1913 epsom derby and moved in front of king george v’s horse , which struck her while galloping at full force . she never regained consciousness and died four days later . …
in january 1863 , the magazine harper ' s weekly published the first illustration of st nicholas / st nick by thomas nast . in this he was wearing a ' stars and stripes ' outfit ! over the next 20 years thomas nast continued to draw santa every christmas and his works were very popular indeed ( he must have been very good friends with santa to get such good access ! ) .
on a one - horse open sleigh over fields we go laughing all the way , bells on bob - tails ring making spirits bright what fun it is to ride and sing a sleighing song tonight .
“he then won many long - distance races against the best in the land , crowning his distinguished career with a triumph in the gold cup at ascot . it fell to precipitation to maintain and continue the great matchem’s influence on the breed , and this big and well - balanced son of the unbeaten hurry on did not disappoint his many admirers . his son chamossaire was leading sire in 1964 , the year santa claus won the derby . ”
a muscular brown horse with a strong shoulder and hip , chieftain was durable with a good turn of speed . he preferred to run on or near the front and could stretch his speed up to 9 furlongs .
all the latest horse racing form , betting odds , news , breeding , jockey and trainer information for babe in boots . babe in boots is a mare born in 2013 september 17 by magic albert out of chelsea rose
our indoor arena is available for barrel / pole horses on tuesday and thursday nights , 6 : 00 pm to 9 : 00 pm cst . the cost is $ 10 per horse . please contact us for more information .
with that in mind , course - specialist is delighted to publish the account of regular visitor graham oliver , whose love affair with the flat was fostered by a real character of a horse from the swinging sixties : oncidium .
shahrastani holds off the strong late challenge of dancing brave in a memorable finish . bold arrangement becomes the first horse to contest both the kentucky derby and derby , finishing second at churchill downs to ferdinand and 14th at epsom .
george todd was very patient with oncidium , sending him out on long solo walks , ridden by his head lad , john cherry . blinkers were tried on the training gallops , but the horse still didn’t want to know . todd was not a trainer who liked to keep his owner’s informed much about how their horses were doing . throughout his time with george todd , lord howard de walden used to refer to oncidium as “my horse behind the iron curtain” .
edward stanley , the 12th earl of derby , the group conceived the idea of a race on the downs for three - year - old fillies , which was subsequently called “the oaks” after the name of derby’s nearby estate . derby’s horse bridget won the first running of the oaks in 1779 . at a celebration after the race , bunbury and derby suggested a similar race for both colts and fillies , to begin the following year . reputedly , a coin toss followed , and derby won the honour of naming the race after himself . bunbury’s horse diomed won the first running of the derby on may 4 , 1780 . many other horse races have since been named after the derby ( most notably the
it would be true to say that oncidium was the spark that lit the flame , that burns as fiercely now as it did in my youth back in 1965 . there is just no other sport that compares to thoroughbred horse racing .
an eleven month old boy was brought down to casa loma from markham to meet santa in this photograph from december 4 , 1987 . casa loma was filled with hundreds of presents that were then disseminated to disadvantaged children all over toronto .
the story of our modern santa claus begins with this same nicholas , who was born during the third century in patara , a village in what is now demre , turkey . his wealthy parents raised him as a christian . but they died in an epidemic while nicholas was still young , and he was left with their fortune . obeying jesus ' words to
sell what you own and give the money to the poor ,
nicholas used his inheritance to assist the suffering , the sick , and the poor .
indiana was exported to stand as a stallion in japan . he sired the japanese horse of the year take hope , who won the japanese derby in 1973 and the spring tenno sho in 1974 . he died in japan on 14 june 1983 .
in their book
a century of champions
, john randall and tony morris rated windsor lad the nineteenth best horse of the 20th century and the sixth best derby winner , behind sea bird , hyperion , mill reef , nijinsky and shergar .
jay robbins , jack ' s son , trained nostalgia ' s star . it was young robbins who suggested to his father that they buy the horse when he was running as a 2 - year - old at del mar and pomona in 1984 .
the rich purse was only a relatively small part of what the race was worth to mrs . rogers and ismay . they had turned down an offer of $ 280 , 000 after santa had won the irish 2 , 000 guineas earlier this year .
to sum up oncidium’s racing career , i think it is true to say that he should have been the champion racehorse of 1964 . when he decided to put his best foot forward , he demonstrated that he was a markedly better racehorse than the st leger winner and derby runner up indiana . santa claus wouldn’t have caught him in the derby if oncidium had replicated his running in the derby trials . that form would have given him a chance to have won the 1964 arc , which admittedly he didn’t contest , preferring the jockey club cup .
the other morning at hollywood park , jack robbins , the veterinarian who treated john henry , 2 - time horse of the year , reached into his wallet and pulled out a paper with the race - by - race record of nostalgia ' s star .
this horse would have done even better if he had been back east all the time ,
robbins said .
they don ' t have hard tracks back there like they do in california , and he liked running over their deep tracks .
the reputation of santa claus , which caused him to be promoted 6 - 1 ante - post favourite for th•e derby when william hill issued his first list , in mid - winter , depends solely on one race—the national stakes , run over seven furlongs at the curragh on september 19 . ( he had earlier run unplaced in the anglesey stakes over the same course , seven weeks previously . ) in the national stakes , he ran clear away from the brilliant filly , mesopotamia , and ten others , to win by eight lengths in very fast time .
nothing in nostalgia ' s star ' s career has come easy , and his owners - - jack and maggie robbins , fred duckett and mary jane hinds - - are not upset that their horse ' s return to california has been delayed . in fact , they may even capitalize on it and run him in the $ 75 , 000 display handicap at aqueduct on dec . 31 . the stake is 2 1 / 4 miles , the perfect distance for a horse who will have the rest of his life to rest .
did you know that rudolph and santa ' s other reindeers might well be all girls ! ? only female reindeer keep their antlers throughout winter . by christmas time most males have discarded their antlers and are saving their energy ready to grow a new pair in the spring .
another hyperion son , khaled has through his sons , sired the jumpers , black market and encore ( winner of the grand prix at fontainebleau and a uset team member ) . khaled’s most important son was the derby winner swaps , whose pedigree boasts two branches of the bay ronald line , through khalad and also through his dam , iron reward , a daughter of beau pere . swaps’ son , kudu sired the canadian equestrian team horse , stoic . tudor success , dam of anne kursinski’s olympic horse , eros , is by the swaps son marbrino .
despite the training efforts of all at manton oncidium continued his bad behaviour in the st leger , running a staying on lifeless fifth , ten lengths behind indiana . that was the last time eph smith rode the horse that he described in his memoirs as “a pig of a horse” . smith had ridden blue peter to win the guineas and derby in 1939 . only mr hitler , and possibly the french colt pharis , stopped him winning the triple crown , when war was declared a few days before the st leger , and all racing was temporarily abandoned .
but , by 1982 , the parade had grown too large for eaton ' s to sponsor , and the store ended its association with the parade . the toronto santa claus parade was nearly doomed , but a businessman named george cohon stepped in and saved the festive municipal tradition . cohon was active with the organization of the parade right up until recently , but he retired in 2014 . today , the parade finds corporate sponsorship through a variety of businesses , including tim horton ' s , mcdonald ' s , lowe ' s , sears canada and canadian tire . they all have floats in the parade .
snow knight won the the epsom derby , then the following year earned an eclipse award as the american champion male turf horse . at stud he sired awaasif , the dam of snow bride , winner of the 1989 epsom oaks and the dam of lammtarra , winner of the 1995 epsom derby .
what makes good riders great ? their sense of timing . riding and training horses requires a lot of feel , and to do it well also relies on applying the right aid at the right time . for example , a lateral leg aid must be applied when the horse can properly respond to it– when that hind leg is just leaving the ground and moving upward . if you close your leg when the horse’s hind leg is going down and weight - bearing , he won’t be able to react in the way you want . this can frustrate both of you ! how can you develop…
although most of what i have written has come from memory i am indebted to “the masters of manton” by paul mathieu , which , if you are a lover of horse racing history , is a must read . also “riding to win” by eph smith , a book i purchased back in 1968 .
) , second dam of 1983 norwegian champion 3 - year - old male what nonsense and third dam of 1997 puerto rican horse of the year lightning al , 2004 peruvian champion 2 - year - old filly la foquita , new zealand group ii winner sculptor and australian group iii winner slightly sweet .
nostalgia ' s star is a stuck horse , but his situation has nothing to do with a scratch . if someone wanted to write a song about the end of nostalgia ' s star ' s long career , the title might be ,
i won ' t be home for christmas .
if your horse wears shoes , it’s inevitable that , at some point , your horse will pull one off . usually , such occurrences happen at the worst time , like the day before a show or the day after your farrier goes on vacation . though my career of managing horses , i’ve been lucky to have a few with excellent feet who rarely ever lost a shoe . and then there were those others i’d rather forget : the ones with crappy feet who routinely ripped their shoes off and made the farrier cringe each time i called . fortunately , i’ve got some decent - footed horses in my…
saint leger , one of the english triple crown races and , with the derby , the two thousand guineas , the one thousand guineas , and the oaks , one of the classic horse races . the race was established by colonel barry saint leger in 1776 and was named for him in 1778 . an event…
another influential horse on many performance pedigrees is the french stallion , djebel . djebel was the champion two year old in france , leading money winner at three and five , and was three times leading french thoroughbred stallion . djebel’s dam loika is by gay crusader by bayardo out of coeur a coeur by teddy .
most of the time , nostalgia ' s star was not good enough to beat the best horses , but he cashed so many checks for runner - up finishes that his purse total evolved more than it grew . as robbins puts it ,
the horse nickel - dimed his way to $ 2 million .
) and third dam of 1997 santa monica handicap ( usa - i ) winner toga toga toga , 2007 vrc oaks ( aus - i ) winner arapaho miss , canadian grade ii winner minakshi and new zealand group ii winner real success . in addition , chieftain is a half brother to stakes producers celia ( by
on the evening that sinterklaas arrives in the netherlands , children leave a shoe out by the fireplace or sometimes a windowsill and sing sinterklaas songs . they hope that sinterklaas will come during the night with some presents . they also believe that if they leave some hay and carrots in their shoes for sinterklaas ' s horse , they will be left some sweets or small presents . they ' re told that , during the night , sinterklaas rides on the roofs on his horse and that a ' zwarte piet ' will then climb down the chimney ( or through a window ) and put the presents and / or candy in their shoes .
the rolling hills provide a natural and perfect setup for our horses . once the mares have foaled , they are turned out in the lush , green pastures on the east side of the farm . the yearlings and 2 - year - olds have a barn on the north side of the farm designated for them , with smaller turn - out pastures close for them to enjoy . once the horses are started under saddle , they are moved to the “show barn” . the majority of the turn - out pastures offer three - sided sheds for the horses to run in for shelter , should the weather ever become an issue . santa claus quarter horses also has a 230’ x 100’ enclosed arena .
jay kept bugging me ,
jack robbins said .
we could have bought him ( from owner - breeder john mabee ) for $ 75 , 000 in the beginning . but we waited until after the horse won that sprint stake at los alamitos , and then the price went up to $ 95 , 000 .
but i’m guessing not too many kids back in odin’s day waited up for him and the fearsome eight - legged sleipnir , lest they surprise the legendary warriors and make them angry . still …it would be tempting just to take one peek , after all it’s not every day that you get a chance to see a horse with eight legs : d .
widely celebrated in europe , st . nicholas ' feast day on december 6th kept alive the stories of his generosity and kindness . in germany and poland , boys dressed as bishops begged alms for the poor . in the netherlands and belgium , st . nicholas arrived on a steamship from spain to ride a white horse on his gift - giving rounds .
lammtarra becomes the first horse to win the derby on his seasonal return since grand parade in 1919 and sets a record time of 2m 32 . 31s , beating mahmoud’s 2m 33 . 8s which was hand - timed in 1936 . the race is switched permanently from wednesday to saturday . vodafone takes over the sponsorship and remains the backer up to 2008 .
dick hern used him with success on galivanter , highest hopes , sun prince and sallust , and would have given him the leg - up on brigadier gerard in the prince of wales ' s stakes at royal ascot in 1972 had joe mercer not recovered from a plane crash two days before . he sometimes rode britain ' s horse of the century at home .
kris kin is the first supplementary entry to win the derby . the sir michael stoute - trained colt had initially been entered in the classic as a yearling but was scratched at the start of his three - year - old campaign . connections paid £90 , 000 to add the horse to the line - up at the five - day stage following his victory in chester’s dee stakes .
over the years , a number of outstanding locally based stallions have made their presence felt in the vodacom durban july . from early times when the likes of pearl diver , morganatic , and greatorex all sired at least two individual july winners , a number of leading south african sires have made their presence felt in what is still regarded today by many as the country’s greatest horse race .
of the 7 stakes nostalgia ' s star has won , the only major victory was the charles h . strub at santa anita in 1986 . he had to beat proud truth , who had won the breeders ' cup classic at aqueduct the previous year . the race was run in the mud , which nostalgia ' s star loves , and which proud truth couldn ' t handle .
many countries , especially ones in europe , celebrate st . nicholas ' day on 6th december . in holland and some other european countries , children leave clogs or shoes out on the 5th december ( st . nicholas eve ) to be filled with presents . they also believe that if they leave some hay and carrots in their shoes for sinterklaas ' s horse , they will be left some sweets .
oaks , one of the english classic horse races ( along with the derby , saint leger , two thousand guineas , and one thousand guineas ) , an event for three - year - old fillies , established in 1779 , and run over a 1 . 5 - mile ( about 2 , 400 - metre ) course at epsom downs , surrey , also the site of the derby . the oaks was…
december 6th is still the main day for gift giving in much of europe . in the netherlands , candies are thrown in the door , along with chocolate initial letters , small gifts , and riddles . dutch children leave carrots and hay in their shoes for st . nick ' s horse , hoping it will be exchanged for gifts . simple gift - giving on st . nicholas day helps to preserve a christmas day focus on the christ child .
like other elite horse races , the derby has grown into a multiday festival , featuring musical acts and events in addition to the race itself . the oaks is also run during the derby festival , held on the friday before the saturday running of the derby . derby day is more formal than most contemporary sporting events : epsom downs maintains a dress code for male spectators in certain sections of the stands , and women often attend the event wearing extravagant hats .
what robbins meant was that although nostalgia ' s star was worth the $ 95 , 000 that he and his partners paid for him in 1984 , a horse that wins only 9 of 57 starts can drive a win bettor daffy . bets across the board on nostalgia ' s star would have cushioned the grief , since he ran second 15 times and third 13 times . with the 9 wins , he finished in the money almost 65 % of the time .
by the hurdler , hampton , bay ronald raced for four years , and more than paid his way . a winner of the lowther stakes , the limekiln stakes , the city and suburban handicap , and at the age of five , the epsom cup . described as a useful handicap horse , he was a sensation at stud , founding a line that still flourishes . his most influential sons were bayardo , dark ronald ( sire of son in law ) and macdonald ii .
in 1987 , nostalgia ' s star earned $ 756 , 030 while winning only 2 of 13 starts . one of the victories , though , in the hawthorne gold cup , was worth $ 277 , 000 and he collected $ 165 , 000 just for finishing second - - behind the redoubtable java gold - - in the marlboro cup . at santa anita in 1986 , nostalgia ' s star earned $ 210 , 000 for running fourth in the breeders ' cup classic .
camelot becomes the 37th horse to follow up victory in the first british classic , the 2000 guineas over a mile at newmarket , with success in the investec derby as he records a convincing five - length win at epsom downs . jockey and trainer , joseph and aidan o’brien , become the first father / son combination to win the premier classic . camelot narrowly fails in his bid to win the triple crown , finishing second behind encke in the st leger at doncaster three and a half months later .


the black-necked agama ( acanthocercus atricollis ) is a species of tree agama that is native to east , central and southern africa .

its largest continuous range is in southeastern africa , and it occurs at high densities in the kruger national park .

acanthocercus atricollis

agama atricollis smith 1849 : 14 agama atricollis — boulenger 1885 : 358 agama atricollis — schmidt 1919 : 477 agama atricollis — mertens 1955 : 55 agama atricollis — auerbach 1987 : 95 agama atricollis — lanza 1983 : 208 stellio atricollis — lanza 1990 acanthocercus atricollis — joger 1991 stellio atricollis — broadley & howell 1991 : 11 stellio atricollis — broadley 1991 : 522 laudakia atricollis — manthey & schuster 1999 : 76 laudakia atricollis kuwuensis — manthey & schuster 1999 : 76 acanthocercus atricollis — barts & wilms 2003 agama atricollis — cooper 2005 acanthocercus atricollis — spawls et al . 2018 : 222 acanthocercus atricollis atricollis ( smith 1849 ) stellio capensis duméril in duméril et al . 1851 : 106 stellio nigricollis bocage 1866 : 43 ( fide loveridge 1943 ) agama cyanocephala falk 1925 agama atricollis atricollis — klausewitz 1957 : 161 agama atricollis atricollis — wermuth 1967 : 9 acanthocercus atricollis atricollis — bates et al . 2014 : 308 acanthocercus cyanocephalus — conradie et al . 2016 acanthocercus atricollis gregorii ( klausewitz 1957 ) agama gregorii günther 1894 : 86 agama atricollis gregorii — klausewitz 1957 : 165 agama atricollis gregorii — wermuth 1967 : 9 acanthocercus atricollis gregorii — manthey 2012 acanthocercus atricollis kiwuensis ( klausewitz 1957 ) agama atricollis kiwuensis — klausewitz 1957 : 167 agama atricollis kiwuensis — wermuth 1967 : 9 acanthocercus atricollis loveridgei ( klausewitz 1957 ) agama atricollis loveridgei — klausewitz 1957 : 163 agama atricollis loveridgei — wermuth 1967 : 9 acanthocercus atricollis minutus ( klausewitz 1957 ) agama atricollis loveridgei — klausewitz 1957 : 170 agama atricollis loveridgei — wermuth 1967 : 9 acanthocercus atricollis ugandaensis ( klausewitz 1957 ) agama atricollis ugandaensis — klausewitz 1957 : 169 agama atricollis ugandaensis — wermuth 1967 : 9
picking a tree : habitat use by the tree agama , acanthocercus atricollis atricollis , in south africa .
ebscohost | 13052112 | picking a tree : habitat use by the tree agama , acanthocercus atricollis atricollis , in south africa .
pietersen , errol and darren pietersen 2001 . acanthocercus atricollis southern tree agama . african herp news ( 33 ) : 14
pietersen , errol and darren pietersen . 2001 . acanthocercus atricollis southern tree agama . african herp news ( 33 ) : 14 .
there are possibly up to six subspecies , but all are poorly defined ( branch 1998 , spawls et al . 2002 ) : a . atricollis atricollis ( smith , 1849 ) a . atricollis gregorii ( günther , 1894 ) a . atricollis kiwuensis ( klausewitz , 1957 ) a . atricollis loveridgei ( klausewitz , 1957 ) a . atricollis minutus ( klausewitz , 1957 ) a . atricollis ugandaensis ( klausewitz , 1957 ) .
southern tree agama ( acanthocercus atricollis ) live in a wide range of habitats , from forest to savannah , even living in built up areas . this speci… | pinteres…
reaney , l . t . and whiting , m . j . 2003 . picking a tree : habitat use by the tree agama , acanthocercus atricollis atricollis , in south africa . african zoology 38 ( 2 ) : 273 - 278 .
tree agamas ( acanthocercus atricollis ) usually have large blue heads and their diet consists of flying insects like grasshoppers , beetles and other goggas that inhabit the bark of trees .
klausewitz , w . 1957 . eidonomische untersuchungen über die rassenkreise agama cyanogaster und agama atricollis . 2 . die unterarten von agama atricollis . senckenbergiana biologica 38 : 157 - 174
justification : acanthocercus atricollis is listed as least concern in view of its large distribution across eastern and southern africa , its tolerance of anthropogenic environments , and the absence of any major widespread threat .
whiting , m . j . , chetty , k . , twine , w . and carazo , p . 2009 . impact of human disturbance and beliefs on the tree agama acanthocercus atricollis atricollis in a south african communal settlement . oryx 43 ( 4 ) : 586 - 590 .
acanthocercus atricollis is listed as least concern in view of its large distribution across eastern and southern africa , its tolerance of anthropogenic environments , and the absence of any major widespread threat . true of all horn and e african forms
wagner , p . , greenbaum , e . and bauer , a . 2012 . a new species of the acanthocercus atricollis complex ( squamata : agamidae ) from zambia . salamandra 48 ( 1 ) : 21 - 30 .
wagner , p . , e . greenbaum & a . bauer 2012 . a new species of the acanthocercus atricollis complex ( squamata : agamidae ) from zambia . salamandra 48 ( 1 ) : 21 - 30 - get paper here
reaney , l . t . , and m . j . whiting . 2002 . life on a limb : ecology of the tree agama ( acanthocercus a . atricollis ) in southern africa . journal of zoology 257 : 439 - 448
reaney , l . t . and whiting , m . j . 2002 . life on a limb : ecology of the tree agama ( acanthocercus a . atricollis ) in southern africa . journal of zoology 257 : 439 - 448 .
southern tree agama acanthocercus atricollis atricollis ( siswati : intfulo ) key features : spiny body scales , box - shaped head and large size comments : occurs throughout the country in the highveld , middleveld , lowveld and lubombo regions . in the highveld , the species is restricted to the lower regions in the larger , warmer valleys . habitats : woodland valley bushveld
reaney , l . t . , and m . j . whiting . 2002 . life on a limb : ecology of the tree agama ( acanthocercus a . atricollis ) in southern africa . journal of zoology , london 257 : 439 - 448 .
they range across most of central africa down into south africa including ethiopia , kenya , congo , angola and namibia . you can find 12 different species of agama in south africa and inhabiting the north of the country , acanthocercus atricollis being one of these .
atricollis : s africa , incl . “portugese est africa , n rhodesia , portugese west africa” ( after wermuth 1967 ) .
the atricollis has been known to take veg try them on some kale or rocket you may find they will eat it .
) and earth / tiger worms and you create a live eco system that will clean up any mess that you atricollis leave behind . throwing in some leftover vegetables ( make sure it’s safe for your atricollis ) will keep these fed and spray in the corner of the viv to give them a damp spot . this will give you a live culture in your substrate that you shouldn’t have to clean . this also gives your atricollis some chances of hunting and foraging for food .
blue - headed tree agama ( acanthocercus atricollis ) this beautiful agama literally ran between my feet when i was returning from the morning hippopotamus shoot in the luangwa river . she patiently waited to be photographed and then ran - up to the crown of the tree as fast as a bullet . this was the first and last time i saw a blue agama . . .
the southern tree agama ( acanthocercus atricollis ) is an agamid native to parts of africa , and is found from ethiopia to natal , congo , angola and namibia . these arboreal lizards tend to stay in environments which allow them to cling onto vertical surfaces - such as open plains with scattered trees , though they are also commonly found in urban areas , clinging onto the sides of buildings .
klausewitz , w . 1957 . eidonomische untersuchungen über den rassenkreis agama cyanogaster und a . atricollis ( teil 2 ) . senckenb . biol . , 38 : 157 - 174 .
the atricollis can be fed a wide variety of invertebrates . in the wild they feed mainly on termites , ants and winged insects like grasshoppers . atricollis are one of the few lizards that can handle the acidity of ants . unlike some of the other agamid species though they don’t live entirely on ants being more of an ambush species feasting on whatever insects they see .
a humidity of 65 % is best when shedding occurs . the atricollis sheds roughly every few months at this time make sure you spray well , spraying the entire lizard to aid shedding .
when choosing a setup for the atricollis it has to be remembered that they are a semi arboreal lizard . this means that you will require a setup with both floor space and height , a space of 36x18x24 ( inches ) is required for one specimen , with something along the lines of 48x24x36 being used for a larger colony .
. you can also , as a treat , feed them wax worms , mealworms and butter worms ( chilecomadia moorei ) . morio worms can also be fed as atricollis chew their food more than most species so the size of a morio isn’t a problem . they also like beetles and the beetles from mealworms are a favourite of theirs .
lectotype : bmnh ( designated by klausewitz 1957 ) ( atricollis ) holotype : smf 10138 ; paratypes : zmb 16906 ( fide tillack , pers . comm . 22 jan 2014 ) [ loveridgei ] lectotype : zsm 51 / 1932 [ gregorii ] holotype : zmb 17693 [ kiwuensis ] holotype : zmb 11904 [ ugandaensis ] holotype : zmb 29089 [ minuta ]
i’ve found that my atricollis like a humidity of around 65 % dropping to a slightly drier area in the hot end . this humidity can go into the 70s and i advise spraying 2 - 3 times a day to achieve this . a good trick to raise humidity in your setup is to have a heat mat under a water bowl this evaporated the water creating a humid environment .
you will find your atricollis have a spot they like in the viv , the male normally taking the best spot . they tend to pick a high warm area where they can look over the other occupants . they require the heat of the day to be able to move about so you will find them basking early on and normally more active in the day . this is when you will find them showing their full colouring .
tend to be bigger than the females , with a large head and a broad yellow / green vertebral stripe , their main colouration being a grey / brown . they display a blue head during breeding season , when feeding and at the hottest parts of the day . male atricollis have large teeth at the jaw apex this helps them to chew bigger prey . you can search for many pictures of them online showing complete body colouring they rarely reach this in captivity but do still have some fantastic colours . their colours change very quickly due to their scaling . a full size adult male will be around the 15 inches head to tail , the tail making up more than half of the total length . nose to vent in an adult male being 5 - 6 inches .
gregorii : coastal kenya . type locality : mkonumbi ( coast of kenya ) .
minuta : ethiopia , kenya . type locality : dscheffedenza , shoa , abessinien .
note : tdwg regions are generated automatically from the text in the distribution field and not in every cases it works well . we are working on it .
angel , fernand 1925 . résultats scientifiques . vertebrata . reptiles et batraciens . [ mabuia ( mabuiopsis ) jeanneli , lygosoma graueri quinquedigitata , ablepharus massaiensis ] . in : voyage de ch . alluaud et r . jeannel en afrique orientale ( 1911 - 1912 ) . - paris , 2 : 1 - 63 .
auerbach , r . d . 1987 . the amphibians and reptiles of botswana . mokwepa consultants , botswana , 295 pp .
barnes , keith 2016 . animals of kruger national park . princeton university press , ca . 180 pp . - get paper here
barts , m . 2003 . die agamen des südlichen afrikas . draco 4 ( 14 ) : 70 - 79 - get paper here
bates , m . f . ; branch , w . r . , bauer , a . m . ; burger , m . , marais , j . ; alexander , g . j . & de villliers , m . s . ( eds . ) 2014 . atlas and red list of the reptiles of south africa , lesotho , and swaziland . suricata 1 . south african national biodiversity institute , pretoria , 512 pp .
bocage , j . v . du b . 1866 . lista dos reptis das possessões portuguezas d ' africa occidental que existem no museu lisboa . jorn . sci . math . phys . nat . lisboa 1 : 37 - 56
boulenger , g . a . 1885 . catalogue of the lizards in the british museum ( nat . hist . ) i . geckonidae , eublepharidae , uroplatidae , pygopodidae , agamidae . london : 450 pp . - get paper here
broadley , d . g . & howell , k . m . 1991 . a check list of the reptiles of tanzania , with synoptic keys . syntarsus 1 : 1—70
broadley , d . g . 1991 . the herpetofauna of northern mwinilunga distr . , northw . zambia . arnoldia zimbabwe 9 ( 37 ) : 519 - 538
broadley , donald g . and f . p . d . cotterill . 2004 . the reptiles of southeast katanga , an overlooked ' hot spot ' . [ congo ] . african journal of herpetology 53 ( 1 ) : 35 - 61 . - get paper here
cooper jr . , w . e . 2005 . duration of movement as a lizard foraging movement variable . herpetologica 61 ( 4 ) : 363 - 372 - get paper here
de witte , g . f . 1953 . reptiles . exploration du parc national de l ' upemba . mission g . f . de witte en collaboration avec w . adam , a . janssens , l . van meel et r . verheyen ( 1946–1949 ) . institut des parcs nationaux du congo belge . brussels , vol . 6 , 322 pp . - get paper here
denzer , wolfgang ; günther , rainer ; manthey , ulrich 1997 . annotated type catalogue of the agamid lizards ( reptilia : squamata : agamidae ) in the museum für naturkunde der humbolt - universität zu berlin ( former zoological museum berlin ) . mitt . zool . mus . berlin 73 ( 2 ) : 309 - 332
duméril , a . m . c . & a . h . a . duméril 1851 . catalogue méthodique de la collection des reptiles du muséum d ' histoire naturelle de paris . gide et baudry / roret , paris , 224 pp .
grubermann , m . 2013 . einige fotografische beobachtungen an agamen in kenia , tansania , malawi , südafrika und namibia . iguana 26 ( 1 ) : 23 - 33
günther , a . 1894 . report on the collection of reptiles and fishes made by dr . j . w . gregory during his expedition to mount kenia [ sic ] . proc . zool . soc . london 1894 : 84 - 91 - get paper here
günther , a . 1895 . notice of reptiles and batrachians collected in the eastern half of tropical africa . ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 6 ) 15 : 523 - 529 . - get paper here
haagner , g . v . ; branch , w . r . & haagner , a . j . f . 2000 . notes on a collection of reptiles from zambia and adjacent areas of the democratic republic of the congo . annals of the eastern cape museum 1 : 1 – 25
herrmann , h . - w . ; w . r . branch 2013 . fifty years of herpetological research in the namib desert and namibia with an updated and annotated species checklist . journal of arid environments 93 : 94–115 - get paper here
joger , u . 1991 . a molecular phylogeny of agamid lizards . copeia 1991 ( 3 ) : 616 - 622 - get paper here
lanza , b . 1990 . amphibians and reptiles of the somali democratic republic : check list and biogeography . biogeographia , 14 : 407 - 465 [ 1988 ]
lanza , b . 1983 . a list of the somali amphibians and reptiles . monitore zoologico italiano , new ser . , suppl . 18 ( 8 ) : 193 - 247
largen , m . j . ; spawls , s . 2006 . lizards of ethiopia ( reptilia sauria ) : an annotated checklist , bibliography , gazetteer and identification . tropical zoology 19 ( 1 ) : 21 - 109 - get paper here
largen , m . j . ; spawls , s . 2010 . amphibians and reptiles of ethiopia and eritrea . edition chimaira , frankfurt , 694 pp .
loveridge , a . 1923 . notes on east african lizards collected 1920 - 1923 with the description of two new races of agama lionotus blgr . proc . zool . soc . london 1923 : 935 - 969 - get paper here
loveridge , a . 1936 . african reptiles and amphibians in the field museum of natural history . zool . ser . field mus . nat . hist . , chicago , 22 ( 1 ) : 1 - 122 - get paper here
loveridge , a . 1920 . notes on east african lizards collected 1915 - 1919 , with description of a new genus and species of skink and new subspecies of gecko . proc . zool . soc . london 1920 : 131 - 167 - get paper here
manthey , u . & schuster , n . 1999 . agamen , 2 . aufl . natur und tier verlag ( münster ) , 120 pp . - get paper here
meek , seth eugene ; cory , charles b . 1910 . batrachians and reptiles from british east africa . publication of the field museum of natural history 7 ( 11 ) : 403 - 414 - get paper here
mertens , r . 1955 . die amphibien und reptilien südwestafrikas . aus den ergebnissen einer im jahre 1952 ausgeführten reise . abh . senckenb . naturf . ges . ( frankfurt ) 490 : 1 - 172 - get paper here
monard , albert 1937 . contribution à l ' herpétologie d ' angola . arq . mus . bocage , lisbon 8 : 19 - 153 .
schleicher , alfred 2015 . reptilien namibias . namibia scientific society , 276 pp .
schmidt , karl patterson 1919 . contributions to the herpetology of the belgian congo based on the collection of the american congo expedition , 1909 - 1915 . part i : turtles , crocodiles , lizards , and chamaeleons . bull . amer . mus . nat . hist . 39 ( 2 ) : 385 - 624 - get paper here
smith , a . 1849 . illustrations of the zoology of south africa . 3 ( reptiles ) . smith , elder , and co . , london [ facsimile published by winchester press , johannesburg , 1977 ] - get paper here
spawls , s . & rotich , d . 1997 . an annotated checklist of the lizards of kenya . j . east african nat . hist . 86 : 61 - 83 - get paper here
spawls , s . ; howell , k . ; drewes , r . c . & ashe , j . 2002 . a field guide to the reptiles of east africa . academic press , 543 pp . [ reviews in hr 34 : 396 and afr . j . herp . 51 ; 147 ] - get paper here
spawls , steve ; kim howell , harald hinkel , michele menegon 2018 . field guide to east african reptiles . bloomsbury , 624 pp . - get paper here
witte , g . f . de 1933 . reptiles récoltés au conge belge par le dr . h . schouteden et par m . g . - f . witte . ann . mus . conge belge zool . ser . 1 tome iii : 53 - 100 .
this database is maintained by peter uetz ( database content ) and jakob hallermann , zoological museum hamburg ( new species and updates ) .
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thank you for taking the time to provide feedback on the iucn red list of threatened species website , we are grateful for your input .
rödel , m . - o . , de silva , r . , milligan , h . t . , wearn , o . r . , wren , s . , zamin , t . , sears , j . , wilson , p . , lewis , s . , lintott , p . & powney , g .
this species is found from eritrea , south through east africa to coastal kwazulu - natal , eastern botswana and northern namibia ( branch 1998 ) . the western limit of the distribution is the western democratic republic of the congo ( spawls et al . 2002 ) . this species occurs from sea level to 2 , 400 m above sea level , although in east africa it is most common from 1 , 300 to 2 , 000 m above sea level .
patterson ( 1987 ) reported that this species appears to be common in kruger national park . a resident pair was found on almost every tree , even in anthropogenically disturbed areas .
it is unlikely that any major threat is impacting this species across its full range .
there are no known species - specific conservation measures in place for this species . in places its distribution coincides with protected areas , probably providing small safeguards . no further conservation measures are required .
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they live in a wide range of habitats , from forest to savannah , even living in built up areas . this species can often be found scaling the sides of trees . in studies they were found to inhabit mainly acacia karroo and occasionally found in protea caffra and dead trees .
normally a male displaying his colours won’t be far away from several females . these lizards tend to live in colonies with one dominant male and a group of females and other subordinate males .
they tend to be an olive colour with black marbling , the patterning on their backs being very distinctive . they also display , mainly when gravid , two series of orange to yellow dorsal spots .
lots of branches are required for the species providing a large canopy for climbing . plenty of hiding spots should be added to the setup making sure you have adequate space for them all to hide in both the warm and cool ends of the setup . using planting ( fake or real ) try to create lots of hidden areas that they can escape the light of the day in . in my own setup i have walls covered in cork bark or viv rock backing can be used to create a rock face they can climb .
a full spectrum bulb is needed for the uv of these lizards . i recommend using an arcadia d3 12 % . they have both a longer life and a far superior output compared to the competitors . this needs to go along the length of the setup trying to keep at a 12inch distance . the décor mentioned above allows plenty of hiding places to give varying levels of uv to suit your lizard’s needs .
set a spot light on a dimmer stat on a basking spot to one end of the tank achieving a temperature near to the 100f mark leaving a thermal gradient down to the high 70 to the low 80s . alternatively on a large setup try using an mvb ( mercury vapour bulb ) for far superior lighting and heat .
set lighting on for a period of 12 - 14 hours , depending on the time of year .
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a tumblr devoted entirely to reptiles , in the wild or in captivity as pets . the purpose of this blog is to inform people about reptiles - their habits in the wild as well as some snippets as to their care in captivity , and the unsuitability and ethics of keeping some species in captivity .
adults growing to between 20 - 30cm ( nearly 1ft ) . this species have very large heads , with the males turning a bright and rich blue colour , as shown here , during the mating season .
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agamas , geckos , lizards , monitors and skinks indigenous to south africa . view gallery
not sure but is this the bloukop or blue headed lizard ? ? ? oh i found him at the home office where i work this afternoon .
blue headed lizard is it ' s common name im pretty sure
bloukop koggelmander ( blue head agama )
is what i found online about it .
the yellow down his back is really nice . i forgot to google it . silly me i am constantly gooling stuff .
if you can bring him some meal worms on a regular basis and put this in an escape proof bowl at the base of the tree he would appreciate that . he will also enjoy the meal worm beetles which most people do not use as food in any case . if he is the strongest and prettiest in the area he will attract females . by supplementing his feeding you will be helping him get a girl this season .
it is easier to ask for forgiveness than permission . those who are afraid to ask are ashamed of learning .
and they do get rather used to having people around . . . in primary school i the workers were busy digging holes , when they dug into a nest , i rescued the ones i could , threw out my lunch and put them in my lunchbox as they were in the sand . i took them home that day and reburied them in a nice spot in the garden , about two weeks later they hatched , i could only see 4 , and they stayed in the same garden for the next 3 years we lived there . . . was pretty cool
negative thoughts , creates a negative mind . a negative mind , creates a negative person . a negative person , creates a negative mood , which spoils the power of positivity . . . making room , for negative thoughts . - the circle of negativity by mv
well they are called the tree agama . yes they are also referred to as the blue headed lizard . but the reason for them not being called the blue headed tree agama is because the females do not have blue heads .
ok i just googled it now . and apparently you do get a blue headed tree agama . but the
bloukop koggelmander
you find down in the lowveld and the hoedspruit area all have blue heads ( the males ) and it stops at the shoulders . these are your normal tree agamas and the females then do not have blue heads .
has anyone had any success keeping these ? anyone breeding them in the country ? ? most agamas are really awesome lizards , its like the proudly south african version of the bearded dragon .
bloukop is a very vague name for these guys as said . even a few species found in the karoo are referred to as bloukops . a genereal name for agamas in south africa . the exact one you have pictured is a southern tree agama (
i remember keeping these as a young kid but not for long lol . always had bite marks on my hands from catching these guys . . . real good memories . . . my folks shoulda seen it coming from then haha ! !
bloukop mannetjie ! ! ! haven ' t seen one of these in a good few years ! i kept a couple as a kid in pmb back in the day they make awesome pets . much more interesting in my opinion than a beardie . . . these guys will eat just about anything creepy crawly and settle down very well . does anyone keep these in joeys and does anyone know if permits would be required ?
i know not with what weapons world war iii will be fought , but world war iv will be fought with sticks and stones . - albert einstein fred smith
except for kzn , permits are required for any reptile species which occurs within the borders of south africa .
egg - laying and nest - building behaviours vary widely among reptiles . these behaviours range from the “casual” dropping of the eggs in a relatively suitable site to the preparation of an elaborate nest , and in a few groups parental care may also occur . most turtles dig an egg chamber exclusively with their hind limbs , and attention is given to the selection of the nest site , the excavation of the egg chamber , and its closure . thereafter , the female departs , and the eggs and hatchlings must survive on their own . most lizards and snakes also depart after the eggs are lain ; the egg chamber can be little more than a hollow as the lizard or snake crawls through leaf litter or
) digs a deep burrow with a combination of its fore - and hind limbs ; this chamber is often so deep that the female is totally hidden from view . at the end of this burrow , she lays her eggs and fills the entire burrow with loosened soil . often a group of females will return to the same nesting site within the same nesting colony year after year .
a green sea turtle ( chelonia mydas ) laying eggs on a beach and hatchlings scrambling toward the sea .
) lives on sandy soil and uses its head and the forepart of its body to scoop soil from its burrows and egg chambers . many
deposit their eggs in cracks or crevices in rock faces , in tree bark , or in plant tissues beneath the bark of trees . the eggs of some geckos are adhesive and may be attached to vertical surfaces ; in other geckos several females will share a good nesting site beneath a slab of rock or behind the loose bark on the side of a tree . such locations may contain dozens of eggs at different stages of development .
typically creates a nest mound of soil and vegetation , using her mouth , limbs , body , and tail in its construction . after she digs a hole in the mound and lays her eggs , her attention remains focused on her eggs , and she stays nearby to watch over them . as the eggs begin to hatch , the hatchlings begin to chirp and squeak , bringing their mother to the nest . she uncovers the eggs and may even use her tongue to help some of the hatchlings out of their eggshells . she then carries her young to the water in her mouth and will stay with them for several months until they are large enough to survive on their own .
, is widespread and has evolved independently dozens of times in the squamates ( that is , the lizards and snakes ) . no living crocodiles , turtles , or
are live - bearers . however , in the squamates , live - bearing ranges from retention of unshelled eggs in the oviducts to the development of
between the mother and her fetuses . the evolutionary steps from egg laying to placental development are demonstrated by
that hatch within days of deposition . in other taxa the eggs are not shelled but remain in the oviducts throughout development . the
nourishes each embryo , although gas exchange does occur across the amniotic membranes and the oviductal walls . placental development ranges from simple wall contact and gas exchange between the mother and a developing embryo to the full interdigitation of maternal and fetal tissue for
] ) . there are several types of placentae that have evolved in squamates that use various components of the amniotic membranes .
of eggs and litters of neonates vary widely in reptiles and are species - dependent . among egg layers a clutch may range from a single egg to more than 100 . among live - bearing reptiles , a litter may range from 1 to about 50 neonates . adult body size is just one aspect associated with number of offspring ; genetic constitution and nutrition are also major factors .
the smallest of the living reptiles typically have the fewest offspring , often laying only one or two eggs or producing only one or two neonates . many geckos and some skinks have genetically fixed clutch sizes of two eggs , and one egg is usually produced by each ovary during a given reproductive cycle . conversely , turtles and crocodiles produce some of the largest clutches among living reptiles ; sea turtles often produce more than 100 eggs each time , whereas the larger crocodiles average 40–50 eggs per clutch . some of the larger snakes also produce clutches or litters of 40–50 eggs or embryos , but most squamates , even large - bodied species , produce less than 20 eggs or embryos during each reproductive cycle .
nutrition clearly affects the number of offspring produced , with malnourished females laying fewer eggs or giving birth to fewer offspring . a female lizard suffering through a drought year or coping with loss of her tail may resorb maturing egg follicles in the ovary or forego egg development altogether during that year .
) commonly breed every third year because the female eats little during the summer of her pregnancy . she requires the following summer to rebuild her
and pregnancy is temperature - dependent . because reptiles are ectothermic , the embryos of live - bearing females and the eggs of oviparous females deposited in the soil or other locations are subject to fluctuating temperatures . in general , cool temperatures slow development and warm temperatures speed development , but extreme heat and cold are lethal to developing embryos . on average , temperate - zone reptiles have incubations or pregnancies of 8–12 weeks . tropical species tend to have similar incubation periods ; however , incubations of some species may last nearly one year or longer ( as in the fijian iguana [
term for all factors ( such as temperature , moisture , and others ) that affect the ratio of males to females produced in a given clutch of eggs or a litter of neonates .
temperature - dependent sex determination ( tsd ) , discovered in the early 1970s , is the most researched of these factors . the sex of the offspring in species with tsd is influenced by the
during one critical period of incubation , instead of by hereditary factors . in most turtles females are produced at high temperatures and males at low temperatures . at a narrow range of intermediate temperatures , roughly equal numbers of males and females are produced . the reverse occurs in many crocodiles , and females result from cooler temperatures . some squamates also display tsd , but the sex of most species appears to be primarily determined by
must break through the eggshell . for this purpose turtles , crocodiles , and tuatara bear a horny pointed caruncle on their snout . the hatchling uses the caruncle to slice open the amniotic membranes and then the eggshell . squamates have an
, a special premaxillary tooth that extends forward and out of the mouth , to cut through membranes and shell . generally , the hatchling rests briefly once out of the shell . if the nest is buried under soil or other material , a hatchling must dig upward to emerge on the surface . sometimes this occurs in concert with other hatchlings in the nest ; a coordinated behaviour is necessary for sea turtles and other species whose eggs are buried deep . in a few species of turtles , such as the north american
) , the hatchlings leave the eggshell , but they remain in the nest through the winter and emerge in the spring . individual painted turtle hatchlings can tolerate short periods of extreme cold that freezes much of the water in their bodies .
live - bearing reptiles give birth in the same manner as mammals . if the amniotic membranes do not rupture during birth , the neonate must struggle to break free from the encapsulating membranes .
, are noted for their extreme longevity . many turtles have long lives , but few species have individuals that live more than a century . records of longevity are derived from captive animals that led protected and catered life . many north american turtle species require 12 to 18 years to reach sexual maturity . once they reach adulthood ,
, or asymptotic , growth as they mature . most reptiles are characterized by a period of rapid juvenile growth that slows upon reaching full adulthood . growth then ceases altogether a few years after maturity .
, growth . typically , rapid growth occurs in juveniles and slows as the individual approaches maturity and shifts its energy resources to reproduction . during most of the adult years , growth is either extremely slow or nonexistent . however , when food resources are high , active growth can occur . thus , the size of an individual of a species characterized by attenuated growth is only limited by its food supply .
, the most common form of defense in the animal kingdom , is also the most common form of defense in reptiles . at the first recognition of danger , most
plunge into water and sink out of sight . even so , should danger arise so suddenly and so close at hand that flight may be hazardous , other behaviours are adopted .
crocodiles , turtles , some lizards , and some snakes hiss loudly when confronted by an enemy .
rapidly vibrate the tip of the tail , which consists of loose , dry , horny rings . even snakes without rattles , such as the
) of the united states , often rapidly vibrate the ends of their tails . often , the tail will come into contact with dry leaves , and the resulting sound will seem deceptively like the rattle of a
change in body form is relatively common in snakes . it usually involves spreading the neck , as in the cobras ( family elapidae ) , or the whole body , as in the harmless hognose snakes ( heterodon ) and dekay’s snake ( storeria dekayi ) of the united states . some snakes inflate the forward parts of their bodies ; inflation is one of the defensive behaviours of the large south american bird snake pseustes poecilonotus and the african boomslang ( dispholidus typus ) .
snakes may also assume threat postures as they change their body form . a cobra raises the forepart of its body and spreads its hood when threatened . the typical defensive posture of vipers is the body coiled and the neck held in an s - curve , the head poised to strike .
flatten their bodies , puff out their throats , and turn broadside to the enemy . the helmeted iguanids (
of africa increase their apparent size in this way when approached by snakes . the australian bearded lizard (
) suddenly raises a wide membrane , or frill , which extends backward from the throat . many lizards and snakes open their mouths when threatened but do not strike . a common african lizard , the black - necked
) , faces an enemy with head held high and mouth open to show the brilliant orange interior .
mullerian mimicry in coral snakes and similar form : ( left ) the venomous eastern coral snake micrurus fulvius ; ( right ) the harmless king snake lampropeltis polyzone ; and ( bottom ) the moderately venomous rear - fanged false coral snake ( oxyrhopus ) .
that involves both form and colour is common in reptiles . for example , many arboreal snakes and lizards are green ; some of the green - coloured snakes , such as the
of dangerous species by harmless ones is a passive defense ; however , its validity as an actual mechanism of defense is sometimes challenged . nonetheless , evidence of mimicry appears among different groups of snakes . for example , the venomous american coral snakes (
) have various ringed patterns of red , yellow , white , and black . these patterns are matched often by non - or mildly venomous snake species occurring in the same area .
if a threatening posture does not succeed in driving off an enemy , many reptiles may become more aggressive . some snakes ( such as dekay’s snake [ s . dekayi ] ) strike , but with their mouths closed . others ( such as the hognose snakes [ heterodon ] ) strike with their mouth open but do not bite , but snakes of many species will strike and bite viciously . among the nonvenomous snakes of north america , few are as quick to bite as the water snakes of genus nerodia ; however , they are nonvenomous .
) bite in self - defense . vipers and pit vipers usually strike from a horizontally coiled posture . from this position , the head can be rapidly shot forward , stab the enemy , and be pulled back in readiness for the next strike . from the typical raised posture , a cobra sweeps its head forward and downward to bite . to strike again , it raises its head and neck once more ; such aggressive , defensive movements of cobras are slower than those of pit vipers .
) is a purely defensive act directed against large animals . instead of a straight canal ending in a long opening near the tip of each fang as in most cobras , the specialized fang of the spitting cobra has a canal that turns sharply forward to a small round opening on the front surface . at the moment of ejection , the mouth is opened slightly , and a fine stream of venom is forced out of the
by the contraction of the muscle enveloping the poison gland . a spitting cobra usually raises its head and the forepart of its body in the characteristic cobra defensive posture prior to spitting , but venom can be ejected from any position . the effect on skin is negligible ; the eyes , however , may be severely damaged , and blindness can result unless the venom is washed out quickly .
a few lizards , representing different families , have thick tails covered by large , hard , spiny scales . such a tail swung vigorously from side to side is an effective defense against snakes , especially when the head and body of the lizard are in a burrow or wedged between rocks .
the tails of some lizard species are useful in defense in another way . when captured , some lizards voluntarily shed , or
, their tails , which wriggle violently , temporarily confusing the predator and allowing the lizard to escape . each vertebra of the tails of tail - shedding lizards has a fracture plane that can voluntarily split by the appropriate twitch of the tail muscles . simultaneous stimulation of the
in the severed portion keeps it twitching for a few seconds after separation . usually the tail is broken in only one place , but a few lizards , particularly the so - called glass snakes (
) , break their tails into several pieces . the stump heals quickly , and a new tail grows ; often , however , the
snakes , turtles , and crocodiles may have their tails bitten off by predators . however , they cannot break them voluntarily or regenerate them . in confrontations with enemies , some snakes use their tails as diversions by raising them and moving them slowly . species with this habit commonly have thick , blunt , brightly coloured tails . for example , the small african burrowing python ( calabaria reinhardtii ) waves its tail in the air as it moves slowly away from a threat .
many snakes , both harmless and venomous , attempt to hide their heads under coils of their bodies . for most species with this habit , the body may be coiled loosely . however , it may also be tightly coiled so that it forms a compact ball with the head in the centre . balling , as the latter habit is called , is a characteristic response of
) , a species with heavy scales on its head and hard spiny scales covering its body and tail , rolls on its back and grasps its tail in its mouth to present an imposing ring of hard spines to a predator .
some reptiles use musk - secreting glands when other defensive measures fail . the water snakes ( nerodia ) , the garter snakes ( thamnophis ) , and the alligator lizards ( gerrhonotus ) emit a foul - smelling substance from their cloacal glands . an assortment of turtles , such as the mud turtle and the musk turtle ( kinosternidae ) , have glands on the bridge of their shells that excrete a vile - smelling fluid that likely makes them distasteful to many predators .
reptile s , of which there are few endemic families , have mainly old world affinities . those most likely to be seen include lizards of the agamid family , skinks ( a family of lizards characterized by smooth overlapping scales ) , crocodiles , and tortoises . endemic reptiles include girdle - tailed…
although amphibian gastrulation is considerably modified in comparison with that in animals with oligolecithal eggs ( e . g . , amphioxus and starfishes ) , an archenteron forms by a process of invagination . such is not the case , however , in the higher vertebrates that possess eggs with…
the living reptiles belong to four orders : the squamata ( lizards , snakes , and amphisbaenians ) , the sphenodontida ( tuataras ) , the testudines ( turtles ) , and the crocodylia ( or crocodilia ; crocodiles and alligators ) . the reptile ear has many different forms , especially within the suborder sauria ( lizards ) , and variations occur in…
unlike lungfishes and amphibians , reptiles depend entirely on their lungs for respiration . gills and skin do not provide additional sources of oxygen . only the crocodiles , however , truly approach birds and mammals in their almost complete “double” circulation . because of the development of a neck…
reptile s are the first vertebrates that , in an evolutionary sense , have evolved an egg that is truly independent of water . indeed , many snakes and lizards have even gone beyond this stage and have attained complete viviparity . it is difficult to generalize about reproductive behaviour…
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horse , ( equus caballus ) , a hoofed , herbivorous mammal of the family equidae . it comprises a single species , …
animal , ( kingdom animalia ) , any of a group of multicellular eukaryotic organisms ( i . e . , as distinct from…