agonochaetia intermedia is a moth of the gelechiidae family .

it is found in austria , switzerland , hungary and russia ( the volga-don region and the southern ural ) .

agonochaetia intermedia

huemer , p . ( 1989 ) das weibchen von agonochaetia intermedia sattler , 1968 ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) . mitteilungen der schweizerischen entomologischen gesellschaft , 62 , 387–389 .
agonochaetia quartana n . sp . , 1990” ( zsm ) ( examined by ok ) .
povolný , d . ( 1990 ) on agonochaetia quartana sp . n . and its allies ( lepidoptera : gelechiidae ) . shilap revista de lepidopterologia , 18 , 146–157 .
the holarctic genus agonochaetia is reviewed and a new species , agonochaetia shawinigan landry , sp . nov . is described from québec , canada . in addition , a new glandiductor - bearing genus and species , canarischema fuerteventura karsholt , gen . nov . , sp . nov . is described from the canary islands . comparative diagnoses , a key to species , illustrations of external aspect , male and female genitalia are provided for all species . most species of agonochaetia are rarely collected and known only from their types or from very few specimens . dna barcodes are provided for four of the species from which dna was recovered . analysis of dna barcodes suggests that agonochaetia may be paraphyletic . phylogenetic relationships to other gnorimoschemini genera bearing a pair of glandiductors above the phallus are discussed .
the holarctic genus agonochaetia is reviewed and a new species , agonochaetia shawinigan landry , sp . nov . is described from québec , canada . in addition , a new glandiductor - bearing genus and species , canarischema fuerteventura karsholt , gen . nov . , sp . nov . is described from the canary islands . comparative diagnoses , a key to species , illustrations of external aspect , male and female genitalia are provided for all species . most species of agonochaetia are rarely collected and known only from their types or from very few specimens . dna barcodes are provided for four of the species from which dna was recovered . analysis of dna barcodes suggests that agonochaetia may be paraphyletic . phylogenetic relationships to other gnorimoschemini genera bearing a pair of glandiductors above the phallus are discussed .
the holarctic genus agonochaetia is reviewed and a new species is described from québec , canada . in addition , a new related genus and species is described from the canary islands . comparative diagn…
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mariah o . pfleger , r . dean grubbs , charles f . cotton , toby s . daly - engel
identification of nipaecoccus ( hemiptera : coccomorpha : pseudococcidae ) species in the united states , with descriptions of nipaecoccus bromelicola sp . n . and the male of n . floridensis beardsley
2011 - 01 - 26 by & van nieukerken , dr erik j . karsholt , dr ole & by dr ole karsholt
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jean - françois landry canadian national collection of insects , arachnids and nematodes ; ottawa research and development centre , agriculture and agri - food canada , ottawa , ontario k1a 0c6 , canada .
vazrick nazari canadian national collection of insects , arachnids and nematodes ; ottawa research and development centre , agriculture and agri - food canada , ottawa , ontario k1a 0c6 , canada .
oleksiy bidzilya institute for evolutionary ecology of the national academy of sciences of ukraine , 37 academician lebedev str . , 03143 , kiev , ukraine .
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ole karsholt zoological museum , natural history museum of denmark , universitetsparken 15 , dk - 2100 københavn ø , denmark .
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ponomarenko , m . g . ( 2008b ) family gelechiidae . in sinev , s . y . ( ed . ) , catalogue of the lepidoptera of russia . kmk press , st . petersburg - moscow , pp . 87–106 + 425 . [ in russian ]
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povolný , d . ( 1965 ) neue und wenig bekannte palaearktische arten und gattungen der tribus gnorimoschemini nebst bemerkungen zu ihrer taxonomie ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) . acta entomologica bohemoslovaca , 62 , 480–495 .
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povolný , d . & šustek , z . ( 1988 ) versuch einer numerisch - taxonomischen lösung der phylogenetischen beziehungen im rahmen der gelechioiden tribus gnorimoschemini ( lepidoptera ) . stapfia , 16 , 209–247 .
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sakamaki , y . & ueda , t . ( 2013 ) gelechiidae . in : hirowatari , t . , nasu , y . , sakamaki , y . & kishida , y . ( eds . ) , the standard of moths in japan . vol . 3 . gakken education publishing , tokyo , pp . 45–50 , 262–313 . [ in japanese ]
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aspect , male and female genitalia are provided for all species . most species of
, and thus established the presence of the genus in the nearctic region . povolný ( 1990 ) described
povolný , 1990 based on a single female from bulgaria . more recently , two new species have been
ponomarenko ( 2008b ) , a species described from the russian far east based on a unique female .
all palearctic species have been found in xeric steppe habitats up to elevations of about 2000 m . one of the
2010 ) are known from a single to a handful of specimens . the paucity of m
widely allopatric samples are concerned , or when only one sex is available . dna barcodes are now used widely in
species delineation to help interpret or supplement ambiguous morphological data and to associate sexes ( e . g .
dna barcodes for four of the recognized species but the few barcoded specimens were males only .
useful external features that allow some species to be recognized with certainty . even recognition of a member of
synopsis of the genus . the existence of the new species has been known to jf
national museum of natural history , smithsonian institution , washington d . c . , usa
30 % ethanol ) for 24 hours . following staining , wings were rinsed in 70 % ethanol where loose scales and matted
d dataset http : / / dx . doi . org / 10 . 5883 / ds -
agonocha . three new sequences ( ky818714–6 ) were deposited in genbank ( table 1 ) . unco
( mcmc ) runs starting from different random trees , each with three heated chains and one cold chain .
to adjacent structures among species . such differences can be assessed visually with ease but are more difficult to
absolute size differences . terms for genitalia and abbreviations are shown in figs 23–24 . wing length was
the genitalia were never described previously . the other species have been previously described and illustrated in
conform to the format presented here inasmuch as allowed by the limited material available . attempts to describe
in a certain lack of precision and comparability . although we strived to standardize the descriptions as much as
postmedian area and along termen . labial palpus slender , segment 3 shorter than 2 . antenna wit
broad , ratio width / length = 0 . 26–0 . 30 in fw , 0 . 30–0 . 36 in hw
notch ( tgn / tgl = 0 . 40–0 . 67 ; ratio may vary
depending on amount of flattening ) . uncus trapezoid , 0 . 3–0 . 4x
with shallow medial indentation . gnathos with proximal arms short , stubby , apices club - like or hatchet - like and not
of proximal arms of gnathos . vinculum transverse , with a deep v - shaped medio -
1 . 6x length of valva . cucullus extended beyond apex of uncus , narrow , inner
( ventral ) margin variously widened or lobate in distal third , distal ¼ slender , digitiform or pointed . sacculus
from phallus , situated on each side and slightly dorsad of phallus at end of deep inpocketing of diaphragma . phallus
elevations up to 2000 m . even less is known about the nearctic species : no host or habitat information is known for
( margellan ) , southern part of european russia ( southern ural mts . and v
( hokkaido ) , and two from north america ( one in the east , one in the west ) .
genus ( huemer & karsholt 2010 ) as well as for assessing species distributions .
from external characters alone . despite the broad ( wide ) wings that are characteristic of
particular venational features which differed from other gnorimoschemini were observed . povolný ( 2002b )
, povolný ( 1965 ) did not specify the distinguishing features of both genera . sattler ( 1968 )
the fact that the morphological information available is not readily comparable for all the species .
saccus longer than valva complex ( sal / vll > 1 . 3 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- shaped , vincular processes humped , mesially wide , with rounded tip . . . . . . . . . . . .
rocesses pointed and extended markedly beyond posterior margin of vinculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
apex of antrum extended to middle of anterior apophyses . . . . . . . .
collection of | annette f . braun . ” [ red , printed ] ; “genitalia slide | vnz 78 ♂” [ green printed ] ( ansp ) ( examined
usnm142500 ( usnm ) . 1 ♂ banff , 19 jul 1922 , 7200 ft . , specimen #
. hodges , specimen # usnment01349736 , slide usnm142571 ; 2 ♂ , lawrence co . , spearfish creek ,
white . underside of body and legs , except hind tibia and tarsus , dark brown , sparsely dusted with white . hind tibia
egumen elongate with roundly arched anterior notch ( tgn / tgl = 0 . 55 ) .
several short setae , without indentation . gnathos with proximal arms short , stubby ,
embedded in apical part of culcitula . culcitula a large , elongate , pouch - like lobe extended from apex of uncus to
basally , about 1 . 3x length of valva , apex slightly dilated . cucullus basally narrow , inner ( ventral ) margin with
ular thorn projected dorsally , slightly longer ( 1 . 24x ) than saccus , caecum bulbous ,
about 0 . 15x length of phallus , inception of ductus ejaculatorius dorso - anterior on caecum .
western usa and canada . known from colorado , montana ( glacier national park ) alberta
national park , but this is not reflected on the holotype labels . the upper surface coloration varies among the few
specimen from banff and another from colorado are dark brown . most specimens are nearly or over 100 y
holotype ♀ , “kasakew . ” “holotype brachmia impunctella ♀ car . romänia” ( mgab ) .
photos of the type , its labels and the genitalia slide ( prepared by park , 1996 ) were examined .
, somewhat larger , wings rounded and stretched at the apex . palps , sensor yellow , last not
ringed . general color light - yellow clay . the dot at the beginning and end of the cell and in the crease barely
yellow clay . ” ( caradja 1920 ) . [ description translated from german . ]
description ( based on photograph of the holotype ) . adult . wingspan not measured ( scale not available from
modifications , with short longitudinal folds posteroventrally ; anterior apophysis about 2 . 4x length of segment v
indistinct traces of small darker spots in the terminal portion . however , given that the type specimen is over 100
about the same length as the hook . other species have a differently shaped antrum and signum , however , marked
genitalia nor of the external appearance of the specimen was provided . the description above was developed from
povolný , 1965” [ white hand - written ] ; “ht” [ white hand - written ] ; “st . 321” [ dissection label , yellow typed ] ;
tegumen with tgn / tgl = 0 . 67 , latero - ventral flange large and broadly rounded .
thin , apices club - like and not mesially joined ; mesio - distal arm indictinct . culcitula a large , elongat
lobe extended from near apex of uncus to below apex of proximal arms of gnathos . v
narrow , digitiform , with rounded and incurved apex . sacculus with apex club - like , incurved . paired glandiductor
lobes needle - like , outwardly curved , longer than phallus , anterior 1 / 4 dilated . phallus straight , stubby , apex with
other types of gelechiidae which were borrowed from various european museums . it will be soon transferred to the
museum für naturkunde in berlin as it belongs to the staudinger collection deposited in that institution .
. type locality : sarepta [ krasnoarmeysk ] , russia . huemer ( 1989 : 387 ) ; elsner
holotype ♂ “s - russia , sarepta , 10 . 7 . 1864 , h . c
hary mts . , 450 m , berchogur vill . 3 km nw , 4 . vi . 2011 ( k .
m s , sand dunes / sandy steppe , 25 . vi . 2002 ( k . nupponen ) ( gen . slide
mead . , 10 . vii . 1996 ( jalava & kullberg ) ( gen . prep . in gly
cerol ) ( mzh ) ; 1 ♂ [ russia ] , transbaikalia , chita reg . ,
muc ) ; 1 ♂ , ditto but 3 . vi . 1983 ( tlm
f ) ; 1 ♀ , ditto , but 20 . vi . 1987 ( p .
mf ) ; 1 ♀ , switzerland , zermatt , 19 . vii . 1934 ( g
for a re - description see huemer & karsholt ( 2010 : 296 ) .
tegumen , apical margin lined with several fine setae , without indentation . gnathos with proximal arm
with triangular projection dorsally , 1 . 5x length of saccus , caecum moderately bulbous , 0 . 25x length of phallus .
i shorter ( 0 . 5x ) than wide , weakly sclerotized ; anterior apophysis 3 . 5x
of about 2000 m . they fly at dusk and are attracted to light ( huemer & karsholt 2010 ) .
ype locality : shebalino , altai , russia . povolný ( 2002a : 105 ) .
r - n , middle stream of inja river , 28 jun 1989 ( artemieva ) ( gen . slide 163 / 15 , o .
wingspan 13–16 mm . head and thorax grey brown . labial palpus recurved , segment 2 brown ,
( tgn / tgl = 0 . 41 ) . uncus elongate , narrowed apically , with triangular incision at the top . gnathos ring - shaped .
a broad , widened medially , apex pointed , extending over the top of uncus . sacculus 2–2 . 5x narrower and about
1 / 3 shorter than valva , curved inwards in distal 1 / 3 , with small apical thorn . posterior margin of v
short medial humps , medial incision narrow , lateral projections broadly rounded . saccus slender
tegumen and uncus . glandiductor lobe needle - shaped , about length of phallus , weakly broadened at base . phallus
l = 0 . 87 ) , and short , square , almost truncate , vincular lobes .
pe locality : slivno , bulgaria . povolný ( 2002a : 105 ) ; huemer &
for a re - description see huemer & karsholt ( 2010 : 297 ) .
antrum slenderly triangular , 1 . 5x length of sviii , distal edge roundly concave , anterior portion tapered to about ¼
, but lacks dark spots in the forewings and has the antennae more distinctly ringed . the female antrum is
not of zsm as stated by povolný ( 1990 ) . it seems likely that the holotype is one of the two specimens
urn : lsid : zoobank . org : act : 63e1c708 - 2c93 - 4083 - 8e6a - 89476968f237
wingspan 21 mm . head grey brown , collar ochreous brown . thorax and tegulae dark brown .
ish white suffused with dark brown . hindwing upper surface dark brown , darker than forewing ,
tegumen elongate with deep and roundly arched anterior notch ( tgn / tgl = 0 . 54 ) .
band embedded in apical part of culcitula . culcitula a large , elongate , pouch - like lobe extended from apex of uncus
broadened basally , about 1 . 6x length of valva , apex slightly dilated . cucullus narrow , inner ( ventral ) margin
triangular thorn projected dorsally , slightly longer ( 1 . 2x ) than saccus , caecum bulbous , about 0 . 15x length of
darker than that of the forewing . in genitalia the saccus is the longest of all
species ( sal / vll ratio = 0 . 66–0 . 89 ) . in
sacculus , although dilated , is indistinctly concave and the tip pointed and less produced .
portage” , “portage on the crest” , or “angled portage” . it refers to the narrow and steep portage at the base of the
people who inhabited the region when the french explorers arrived in the early 1600s . the species name is a noun
( fig 8 ) are pin marks . the very dark hindwings in this otherwise non - descript brown gelechiid is what
1 . type locality : bergün , switzerland . lectotype designated by sattler ( 1961 ) ( bmnh ) .
2 : 241 . type locality : st . maria , münstertal , switzerland . synonymized by sattler
huemer ) ( bnmc ) . 1 ♀ , romania , dobrogea , rez . canaraua petii
: no holotype or lectotype seems to have been designated . müller - rutz ( 1922 )
tegumen elongate with evenly arched anterior notch ( tgn / tgl = 0 . 43 ) . uncus 0 . 3x
free from proximal arms , a sizable band embedded in apical part of culcitula . vinculum transverse , mesio - posterior
almost 90° , basal portion thicker , apex mucronate . paired glandiductor lobes regularly curv
projected dorsally , 1 . 6x length of saccus , caecum bulbous , about 0 . 25x length of phallus , inception of ductus
antrum funnel - shaped with sides sub - parallel , 1 . 25–1 . 6x length of sviii , distal edge broadly concave ,
to above 2000 m . thomann ( 1956 ) found the species in late ju
other three species for which females are known . this throws some doubt as to the validity of the species based on
external and genitalia characters among european populations was noted by huemer & karsholt ( 2010 : 295 ) .
bidzilya 2000 : 392 , fig . 6 ( ♂ genitalia ) . type locality : tuva , russia .
grey on inner surface , darker with numerous brown scales on outer surface . third segment greyish brown , paler on
from base , with black chevron mark at 2 / 3 from base , and a white diffuse spot at 3 / 4 of costa . cilia light brown .
tegumen elongate with deep and roundly arched anterior notch ( tgn / tgl = 0 . 57 ) .
short setae , with shallow but sharp medial indentation . gnathos with proximal arms short , stubby
imal arms of gnathos . vinculum transverse , with shallow v - shaped mesio - posterior
apex of uncus , ventral edge barely widened in distal third . sacculus bent at almost 90° in basal portion and slightly
constricted , apex rounded . paired glandiductor lobes needle - like , outwardly curved and slightly sinuate in distal
er ( 1 . 17x ) than phallus , anterior ¼ dilated . phallus slig
terminal , pale transverse band across the distal third . the postmedian spot at the end of cell is chevron - shaped and
incurved in its basal portion and has a rounded apex , and the ventral edge of cucullus is only slightly dilated .
saccus ( sal / vll = 0 . 66 ) , vincular lobes more widely separated with the caudal margin of vinculum
white ; flagellum thickened , yellow in male ; slender , ringed blackish brown and white in female . forewing white
open ( damaged in preparation examined ) ; cup absent . hindwing with m1 extended from rs beyond cell ; cell
tegumen with shallow anterior notch ( tgn / tgl = 0 . 35 ) , posterior margin
extended beyond margin of tegumen notch , tongue - shaped . culcitula absent . vinculum transversely very narrow ,
rounded ; anterior notches arched ; saccus thin , as long as valva ( sal / vll = 1 . 0 ) . cucullus broad , tapering from
middle towards pointed apex , ventral edge smoothly curved without protrusion or lobe . sacculus about half length
of cucullus , incurved , inner margin irregular , apex pointed . paired glandiductor l
dorsally , caecum slightly bulbous with collar - like constriction around opening of ductus ejaculatorius .
islands , and “schema” ( greek : figure or shape ) . the second part of the nam
archipelago justified , in our view , a separate genus . when present , the culcitula is typically
urn : lsid : zoobank . org : act : b9b264b5 - cd83 - 4a1f - 9a61 -
pe ♂ , spain , “kanar . inselen fuerteventura bco . [ barranco de ] esquinzo , 15 . 12 . 2006
3 ♂ , same data as holotype ; 1 ♂ , ditto but 3 - 16 . x . 2000 ; 2 ♂ , 25 . ix .
outer surface . scape of antenna white mottled with black ; flagellum thickened , yellow . forewing white mottled
the type series shows only slight variation , apart from being more or less worn .
flagellum of the male antenna , and by the patches of black scales surrounded by yellow brown in the forewing . in
male genitalia , the glandiductors have a wide anterior opening as do the internal ducts .
situated in the atlantic ocean about 100 km west of morocco . it is considered the oldest of the canary islands ,
having not been submerged for about 20 million years . the species name is a noun in apposition .
early stages and host - plant unknown . the type series was collected at light during the winter months
diaphragma and dorsally bracing , but free from , the phallus in the male genitalia . each of these “needles” contains
abdominal organs found in primitive lepidoptera . the internal duct and soft tissues being digested during koh
maceration accounts for the fact they have been overlooked or misinterpreted previously . the presence of the
species - group but did not refer specifically to them . ponomarenko ( 2008a )
2017 ) , but here they are attached to the complex and asymmetrical valvae . gregersen & k
melanized and contrasting with unmelanized posterior section ( figs . 17–18 ) . the unmelanized condition is
features of the first tergite have rarely been considered . it is beyond the scope of this paper to assess its possible
ostium bursae in the female genitalia ( huemer & karsholt 1999 ; ponomarenko 2009 ) . however , one or both of
these traits are absent in several genera . moreover , an acrinoid signum , t
( ethmiinae ) , and cosmopterigidae ( chrysopeleiinae ) . the reduction of muscle m7 in m
inferences based on this reduction are highly tentative . neither kaila ( 2004 ) nor heikk
however , taxon sampling was limited and did not include glandiductor - bearing gnorimoschemines .
star ) . 44 , bayesian inference of relationships between selected gnorimoschemini genera based on coi barcode data . v
tribe gnorimoschemini formed a natural group and no ‘outgroup’ was included . besides the fact that this kind of
appear unorthodox ( typological , e . g . defined as ‘taxon - name - oid’ ) and excessively fragm
have more than 15 states ) , not to mention that the character matrix is printed in tiny , almost unreadable typeset .
to obscure higher relationships . it is also sensitive to sparse taxon sampling whereby relativ
er , it lacks glandiductors and has a mesio - distal process of the gnathos .
we thank mark metz ( smithsonian institution , washington d . c . , usa ) and klaus sattler ( natural history
in the usnm which were unknown to us and promptly issued a loan for us to examine them .
new species of gelechiid - moths from central asia ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) .
. & karsholt , o . ( 1999 ) gelechiidae i ( gelechiinae : teleiodini , gelechiini ) .
southern ural mountains , part ii : list of recorded species with taxonomic notes ( lepidoptera : gelechiidae ) .
, brown , r . l . ( 2009 ) checklist of gelechiidae ( lepidoptera ) in america north of mexico .
müller - rutz , j . ( 1922 ) die schmetterlinge der schweiz ( 4 . nachtrag ) .
n type - specimens of gelechiidae ( lepidoptera ) described by a . caradja .
povolný , d . ( 2002b ) synopsis of the genera of the tribe gnorimoschemini ( lepidoptera : gelechiidae ) .
1961 ) über einige von j . c . de la harpe , j . müller - rutz und p
taxonomy of spatially disjunct alpine teleiopsis albifemorella s . lat . ( lepidoptera : gelechiidae ) revealed by molecular data and morphology - how many species are there ?
gelechiidae ii ( gelechiinae : gnorimoschemini ) . microlepidoptera of europe . volume 6 : 1 - 586
compilation of literature and collection records , for the provinces and territories of canada .
the remarkable endemism of moths in white sands national monument , otero co . new mexico , us
a study of moths in white sands national monument along a transect 2 . 4 km and 300 m documented over 650 described species of moths in 9 years . approximately 40 undescribed species , nearly all of w…
[ more ]
review of neopalpa povolný , 1998 with description of a new species from california and baja californ . . .
the monotypic genus neopalpa was described in 1998 by czech entomologist dalibor povolný based on two male specimens from santa catalina island , california , which he named n . neonata . the female of this species was discovered recently based on a dna barcode match and is described . in addition , a new species with marked differences in morphology and dna barcodes from southern california and . . . [ show full abstract ]
the identities of doryphora orthogonella staudinger , 1871 and anacampsis azosterella herrich - schäffer , 1854 are discussed and they are confirmed as belonging to the genera stomopteryx heinemann , 1870 and syncopacma meyrick , 1925 , respectively . both species are redescribed based on types and additional new material . the adults and the male genitalia of both species are illustrated . a lectotype . . . [ show full abstract ]
armatophallus gen . n . , a new genus of gelechiid moths ( lepidoptera , gelechiidae ) from the afrotropic . . .
armatophallus , gen . n . , is established for six species : a . exoenota ( meyrick , 1918 ) , comb . n . ( ex gelechia ) ( = gelechia xylophaea meyrick , 1921 , syn . n . ) ; a . crudescens ( meyrick , 1920 ) , comb . n . ( ex gelechia ) ; a . kuehnei , sp . n . ( rwanda ) ; a . akagericus , sp . n . ( rwanda ) ; a . hackeri , sp . n . ( yemen , ethiopia ) ; and a . indicus , sp . n . ( india ) . the systematic position of the new genus is briefly . . . [ show full abstract ]
natural history museum ( 2014 ) . dataset : collection specimens . resource : specimens . natural history museum data portal ( data . nhm . ac . uk ) . urltoken
an open source project by the natural history museum ' s biodiversity informatics group .
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je ne saurais que trop vous conseiller l’ouvrage du groupe d’etude des invertébrés armoricains sur les pyrales de la manche . a retrouver sur le site pour le commander .
tribu de la sous - famille des gelechiinae qui compte 102 espèces visibles en france .
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satyrium fuliginosum , the sooty hairstreak , is a butterfly of the lycaenidae family .

it is found in western north america from british columbia to central california , east to wyoming and northern colorado .

the wingspan is 24 – 30 mm .

the upperside is drab dark grey .

the underside is grey to greyish brown .

the forewing sometimes has a line of white-bordered dark spots .

adults are on wing from july to august .

adults feed on flower nectar .

the larvae feed on lupinus .

satyrium fuliginosum

sooty hairstreak ( satyrium fuliginosum ) ( w . h . edwards , 1861 )
satyrium fuliginosum tildeni mattoon & austin , 1998 . type locality : siskiyou mountains , siskiyou county , california
sooty hairstreak satyrium fuliginosum ( w . h . edwards , 1861 ) | butterflies and moths of north america
satyrium fuliginosum albolineatum mattoon & austin , 1998 . type locality : boardman ridge , north coast range , lake co . , ca
butterflies of canada - sooty hairstreak ( satyrium fuliginosum ) ( w . h . edwards , 1861 ) - canadian biodiversity information facility ( cbif )
satyrium fuliginosum semiluna klots , 1930 ; bull . brooklyn ent . soc . 25 ( 3 ) : 161 , f . 5 - 6 ; tl : teton co . wyoming
satyrium fuliginosum tildeni mattoon & austin , 1998 ; syst . w . n . am . butts . ( 53 ) : 682 , f . 5 - 8 ; tl : california , siskiyou co .
satyrium fuliginosum albolineatum mattoon & austin , 1998 ; syst . w . n . am . butts . ( 53 ) : 684 , f . 9 - 12 ; tl : california , lake co .
satyrium fuliginosum maculadistinctum mattoon & austin , 1998 ; syst . w . n . am . butts . ( 53 ) : 685 , f . 17 - 20 ; tl : nevada , lyon co .
satyrium ( satyrium ) fuliginosa ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
satyrium ( satyrium ) semiluna ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
satyrium ( satyrium ) behrii ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
satyrium ( satyrium ) acadica ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
satyrium ( satyrium ) californica ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 204
satyrium ( satyrium ) sylvinus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 205
satyrium ( satyrium ) titus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 206
satyrium ( satyrium ) edwardsii ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 206
satyrium ( satyrium ) calanus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 207
satyrium ( satyrium ) caryaevorus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
satyrium ( satyrium ) kingi ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
satyrium ( satyrium ) liparops ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
satyrium ( satyrium ) auretorum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
satyrium ( satyrium ) tetra ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 209
satyrium ( satyrium ) saepium ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 209
satyrium ( satyrium ) fuliginosa fuliginosa ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
satyrium ( satyrium ) fuliginosa tildeni ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
satyrium ( satyrium ) fuliginosa albolineatum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
satyrium ( satyrium ) semiluna semiluna ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
satyrium ( satyrium ) semiluna maculadistinctum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
satyrium ( satyrium ) behrii behrii ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
satyrium ( satyrium ) behrii crossi ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 204
satyrium ( satyrium ) behrii columbia ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 204
satyrium ( satyrium ) acadica acadica ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 204
satyrium ( satyrium ) acadica montanensis ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 204
satyrium ( satyrium ) acadica coolinensis ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 204
satyrium ( satyrium ) californica californica ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 204
satyrium ( satyrium ) californica cygnus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 205
satyrium ( satyrium ) californica obscurafacies ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 205
satyrium ( satyrium ) californica brashor ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 205
satyrium ( satyrium ) californica wapiti ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 205
satyrium ( satyrium ) sylvinus sylvinus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 205
satyrium ( satyrium ) sylvinus dryope ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 206
satyrium ( satyrium ) sylvinus putnami ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 205
satyrium ( satyrium ) sylvinus itys ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 205
satyrium ( satyrium ) sylvinus desertorum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 206
satyrium ( satyrium ) sylvinus nootka ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 205
satyrium ( satyrium ) sylvinus megapallidum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 205
satyrium ( satyrium ) titus immaculosus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 206
satyrium ( satyrium ) titus watsoni ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 206
satyrium ( satyrium ) titus occidentalis ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 206
satyrium ( satyrium ) titus winteri ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 206
satyrium ( satyrium ) titus campus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 206
satyrium ( satyrium ) edwardsii edwardsii ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 207
satyrium ( satyrium ) edwardsii meridionale ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 207
satyrium ( satyrium ) calanus calanus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 207
satyrium ( satyrium ) calanus falacer ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 207
satyrium ( satyrium ) calanus godarti ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 207
satyrium ( satyrium ) calanus albidus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 207
satyrium ( satyrium ) liparops liparops ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
satyrium ( satyrium ) liparops strigosa ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
satyrium ( satyrium ) liparops fletcheri ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
satyrium ( satyrium ) liparops aliparops ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
satyrium ( satyrium ) liparops floridensis ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
satyrium ( satyrium ) auretorum auretorum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
satyrium ( satyrium ) auretorum spadix ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 209
satyrium ( satyrium ) auretorum fumosum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 209
satyrium ( satyrium ) saepium saepium ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 209
satyrium ( satyrium ) saepium chalcis ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 209
satyrium ( satyrium ) saepium fulvescens ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 209
satyrium ( satyrium ) saepium chlorophora ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 210
satyrium ( satyrium ) saepium provo ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 210
satyrium ( satyrium ) saepium rubrotenebrosum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 210
satyrium ( satyrium ) saepium caliginosum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 210
satyrium ( satyrium ) saepium subaridum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 210
satyrium ( satyrium ) saepium obscurofuscum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 210
satyrium ( satyrium ) saepium latalinea ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 210
sierra nevada of california north in mountains through northern california into southern oregon ( west of great basin ) . some populations further north in the cascades show similarities to s . fuliginosum , but are classed as s . semiluna when the two are split as separate species .
= satyrium fuliginosa fuliginosa ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
= satyrium semiluna maculadistinctum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
= satyrium behrii behrii ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 203
= satyrium behrii behrii ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 204
= satyrium acadica acadica ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 204
= satyrium californica californica ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 205
= satyrium sylvinum putnami ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 205
= satyrium edwardsii edwardsii ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 207
= satyrium calanus calanus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 207
= satyrium calanus falacer ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 207
= satyrium liparops liparops ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
= satyrium liparops strigosa ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
= satyrium liparops fletcheri ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 208
= satyrium auretorum auretorum ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 209
= satyrium saepium saepium ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 209
satyrium lais ; huang , 2001 , neue ent . nachr . 51 : 76 ( note )
satyrium volt ; huang , 2001 , neue ent . nachr . 51 : 77 ( note )
satyrium redae ; huang , 2001 , neue ent . nachr . 51 : 77 ( note )
satyrium ( fixsenia ) favonius ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 210
satyrium ( fixsenia ) ilavia ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 211
satyrium ( fixsenia ) polingi ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 211
satyrium ( fixsenia ) favonius favonius ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 210
satyrium ( fixsenia ) favonius ontario ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 210
satyrium ( fixsenia ) favonius autolycus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 211
satyrium ( fixsenia ) favonius violae ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 211
satyrium ( fixsenia ) polingi polingi ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 211
satyrium ( fixsenia ) polingi organensis ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 211
satyrium siguniangshanicum murayama , 1992 ; nature & ins . 27 ( 5 ) : ( 39 - 41 )
satyrium minshanicum murayama , 1992 ; nature & ins . 27 ( 5 ) : ( 39 - 41 )
satyrium neoeximia murayama , 1992 ; nature & ins . 27 ( 5 ) : ( 39 - 41 )
satyrium kongmingi murayama , 1992 ; nature & ins . 27 ( 5 ) : ( 39 - 41 )
satyrium pseudopruni murayama , 1992 ; nature & ins . 27 ( 5 ) : ( 39 - 41 )
satyrium tshikolovetsi bozano , 2014 ; nachr . ent . ver . apollo nf 35 ( 3 ) : 141
satyrium mardinus van oorschot , van den brink , van oorschot , 1985 ; ent . berl . 45 : 145
= satyrium austrina yoshikoae ( koiwaya , 1996 ) ; huang , 2001 , neue ent . nachr . 51 : 77
satyrium titus carrizozo holland , 2010 ; j . lep . soc . 64 ( 3 ) : ( 166 - 171 )
distinction from s . semiluna as a distinct species from s . fuliginosa is debated , and needs further study in potential areas of contact . s . semiluna is distinguished by the presence ( sometimes faint ) of a
stigma
or
sex brand
on the upper front wing of the males ( lacking in s . fuliginosum ) , and by distribution . zone of contact should be near the east base of the sierra nevada and northward across southwestern oregon .
satyrium calanus albidus scott , 1981 ; papilio ( n . s . ) 1 : 5 ; tl : nw hayden , routt co . , colorado
= satyrium favonius ; robbins & nicolay , 2002 , j . lepid . soc . 55 ( 3 ) : 100 ; [ nl4a ] , # 349
satyrium eximium zhejianganum tong , 1994 ; in chou , monographia rhopalocerum sinensium 1 - 2 : 770 , 660 , f . 71 ; tl : longquan , zhejiang
satyrium edwardsii meridionale gatrelle , 2001 ; taxonomic rep . 3 ( 2 ) : 5 , f . 2 , 7 ; tl : south carolina , aiken co .
this subspecies is a little smaller and grayer than nominate fuliginosum , and the male has a stigma . it occurs widely in the central and southern sierra and in the northern great basin . there is at least one population in siera valley which , however , has only been found once at our study site . males perch atop sagebrush in the midst of shrub - steppe . both sexes can be found far from any blooming nectar sources , but they do visit yarrow , brassicaceae ( e . g . cardaria pubescens ) and sulphur flower ( eriogonum umbellatum ) .
satyrium californica brashor kondla & scott , 2006 ; papilio ( n . s . ) 12 : 45 , pl . 4 ; tl : mica creek , near osoyoos , british columbia
satyrium californica wapiti fisher , 2006 ; papilio ( n . s . ) 12 : 46 , pl . 6 ; tl : hwy 133 nr oliver , gunnison co . , colorado
satyrium sylvinus nootka fisher , 1998 ; papilio ( n . s . ) 11 : 4 , f . 9 - 10 ; tl : wellington , vancouver is . , british columbia
satyrium liparops floridensis gatrelle , 2001 ; taxonomic rep . 3 ( 3 ) : 7 , f . 20 - 23 ; tl : withlacoochee state forest , citrus co . , florida
satyrium ( superflua ) khowari charmeux , 2004 ; phegea 32 ( 1 ) : 9 , 16 ( list ) ; tl : pakistan , w . chitral , vallée du bumburet , 2600m
satyrium acaudatum balasagyna korb , 2011 ; zool . zh . 90 ( 5 ) ent . review 91 ( 4 ) : 525 ; tl : kyrgyzstan , kirgizian range , tatyr , golubinyi waterfall
satyrium ( superflua ) goniopterum lukhtanov , 1995 ; nachr . ent . ver . apollo nf 16 ( 1 ) : 52 , f . 5 ; tl : usbekistan , südwestlicher teil des ghisar - gebirge , tuda , 2400m
satyrium ( superflua ) persepolis eckweiler & ten hagen , 2003 ; nachr . ent . ver . apollo nf 23 ( 4 ) : 213 ; tl : iran , fars , shiraz , kuh - e derak , 2000 - 2300m
satyrium xumini huang , 2001 ; neue ent . nachr . 51 : 76 , f . 32 - 33 , 36 , pl . 4 , f . 26 ; tl : 50 km ne of batang , sichuan - tibet border
no tails . upperside drab dark gray . underside gray to grayish brown ; forewing with a line of white - bordered dark spots which may be lacking .
males patrol and occasionally perch to seek receptive females . females lay eggs singly on host plant or at its base in litter .
local within its range . british columbia south to central california , east to wyoming and northern colorado .
g4 - apparently secure globally , though it might be quite rare in parts of its range , especially at the periphery .
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upcoming events 2018 bugguide gathering in virginia july 27 - 29 : registration and discussion photos of insects and people from the 2015 gathering in wisconsin , july 10 - 12 photos of insects and people from the 2014 gathering in virginia , june 4 - 7 . photos of insects and people from the 2013 gathering in arizona , july 25 - 28 photos of insects and people from the 2012 gathering in alabama photos of insects and people from the 2011 gathering in iowa photos from the 2010 workshop in grinnell , iowa photos from the 2009 gathering in washington
lycaena suasa boisduval , 1869 . type locality : gold lake , sierra county , california
tailless , dorsal drab gray , underwing grayish to brown , with the fw usually having a line of dark dots circled in white , and the hw can have some whitish dots .
similar species of blues in genus plebejus will usually show at least some blue scaling above , even in females ( none in sooty hairstreaks ) ; they will have a white fringe ( dull grayish in sooty hairstreaks ) ; and , the front wing will have a very strong black bar at the end of the discal cell ( often there is a second black spot in the middle of the cell as well ) , while this spot is absent to weak and usually not black in sooty hairstreaks . the pattern of the lower side will usually have a
smoother
look in blues , and will look dirty or
sooty
in the hairstreaks . also , the sooty hairstreaks will most often have the dark postmedian spots dull in color ( sometimes only faint ) , while in the blues they are usually bold and black . fresh individuals are much easier to identify than faded worn specimens .
butterflies through binoculars : the west : a field guide to the butterflies of western north america ( butterflies and others thr jeffrey glassberg . 2001 . oxford university press .
butterflies of north america ( kaufman focus guides ) jim p . brock , kenn kaufman . 2003 . houghton mifflin co .
disclaimer : dedicated naturalists volunteer their time and resources here to provide this service . we strive to provide accurate information , but we are mostly just amateurs attempting to make sense of a diverse natural world . if you need expert professional advice , contact your local extension office .
contributors own the copyright to and are solely responsible for contributed content . click the contributor ' s name for licensing and usage information . everything else copyright © 2003 - 2018 iowa state university , unless otherwise noted .
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urltoken
this is interpreted as the entity occurring on castle peak and on a tiny area of donner pass . it is larger and darker than subspecies semiluna , and the males lack a stigma . males perch territorially , often on the matted ecotype of bitterbrush ( purshia ) growing along the ridgetop between basin and castle peaks . females walk a lot . both sexes often visit mule ' s ears ( wyethia mollis ) flowers , as well as sulphur flower ( eriogonum umbellatum ) . one flight in the second half of the alpine season , generally july - september . at donner often in june , and disappearing quickly ( presumably because the colony is so small ) . host plants , perennial species of lupinus , including l . arbustus and l . albicaulis .
species - tailless and sooty gray , matching the sooty gray volcanic landscape . they ' re quite common above timberline lodge at mount hood , where their caterpillar host plants , lupines
mt . hood , clackamas co . , or 8 / 7 / 06 .
( sulphur - flowered buckwheat ) , which is the most abundant species on mt . hood .
mt . hood , clackamas co . , or 8 / 8 / 06 .
, which has a more prominent blackish cell - end bar on the forewing and a whitish fringe .
a worn boisduval ' s would look quite similar to a worn sooty , but even a worn boisduval ' s would show a trace of blue above , which sooty lacks .
another thing i ' ve noticed from looking at my photos at high resolution is that the top side of antennal club tips of sooty hairstreak are tan to orange - brown , while those of boisduval ' s blue are white ( though the underside of the antennal clubs can be orangish ) . if this is consistent and still true for very worn individuals , it might help id some tricky individuals .
the taxonomic status of various populations of sooty hairstreak is confusing . the high - elevation population of
photographed here flies in late summer , but nearby is a middle - elevation population that flies in may . the sagebrush sooty hairstreak
was recently elevated to species status . it differs subtly in wing shape and structure from
completely lack . the stigma is on the upper surface of the forewing , so you can ' t see it these photos . andy warren discusses the differences in detail in his 2005 book
butterflies of oregon : their taxonomy , distribution , and biology .
sagebrush sooty hairstreak and square - spotted blue habitat above timberline lodge on mt . hood , clackamas co . , or 8 / 7 / 06 .
diagnosis : the small ( wingspan : 24 to 30 mm ) , rounded wings of this drab species are sooty brown on the upper surface and grey to brown , with tiny black white - rimmed spots , on the underside . it looks very much like a female blue .
, which has the spots on the underside better developed , has been found in southwestern alberta .
range : the sooty hairstreak has a spotty distribution in the western u . s . it occurs in canada at osoyoos and keremeos in british columbia , and there is an old record from waterton lakes in alberta .
) , which has whiter fringes and has a black discal spot in the centre of the forewing below , and often above as well .
abundance : the sooty hairstreak is uncommon to rare in most of its range .
habits : the sooty hairstreak is always found near lupines , often in sagebrush areas at middle altitudes in the mountains . it should be looked for in fields , meadows , and along roadsides where lupines grow .
remarks : despite its blue - like appearance , foodplant use , and patrolling behaviour , this species is definitely a hairstreak . the reasons for this convergence are unknown , although the fact that the larvae of boisduval ' s blue , like those of many blues , are tended and protected by ants may be a clue .
© 2002 . this material is reproduced with permission from the butterflies of canada by ross a . layberry , peter w . hall , and j . donald lafontaine . university of toronto press ; 1998 . specimen photos courtesy of john t . fowler .
some split this into several genera . when i get complete information , i may follow . until then , there are some tentative groupings using thegenus name in quotes . as i don ' t have the complete picture , these groupsdo not include all species .
callipsyche ( scudder , 1876 ) ; bull . buffalo soc . nat . sci . 3 : 106 ; tl : thecla behrii , edwards
lycaena fuliginosa edwards , 1861 ; proc . acad . nat . sci . philad . 13 : 164 ; tl : california
thecla behrii edwards , 1870 ; trans . amer . ent . soc . 3 ( 1 ) : 18 ; tl : lako mono , california
callipsyche behrii crossi field , 1938 ; j . kansas ent . soc . 11 ( 4 ) : 130 ; tl : nederland , colorado
callipsyche behrii columbia mcdunnough , 1944 ; can . ent . 76 ( 9 ) : 190 ; tl : fairview , b . c .
thecla acadica edwards , 1862 ; proc . acad . nat . sci . philad . 14 : 55 ; tl :
near london
[ ontario ]
; f . m . brown , eff & rotger , 1955 , ( missp . )
strymon acadica montanensis watson & comstock , 1920 ; bull . amer . mus . 42 ( 10 ) : 451 ; tl : montana
strymon acadica coolinensis watson & comstock , 1920 ; bull . amer . mus . 42 ( 10 ) : 451 ; tl : idaho
thecla californica edwards , 1862 ; proc . acad . nat . sci . philad . 14 : 223 ; tl : california
600x626 ( ~ 47kb ) underside usa : robinson canyon rd , ( 47°01 ' 01n 120°42 ' 41w ) , kittitas co . , wa , 26 . 7 . 1999 , photo © markku savela
700x882 ( ~ 86kb ) underside usa : robinson canyon rd , ( 47°01 ' 01n 120°42 ' 41w ) , kittitas co . , wa , 26 . 7 . 1999 , photo © markku savela
thecla sylvinus boisduval , 1852 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . ( 2 ) 10 : 287 ; tl : california
700x745 ( ~ 53kb ) underside usa : fr9705 , ( ~ 47°18n 120°41w ) , kittitas co . , wa , 30 . 7 . 1999 , photo © markku savela
600x738 ( ~ 63kb ) underside usa : dry falls / sun lakes state park , grant co . , wa , 9 . 7 . 2000 , photo © markku savela
700x759 ( ~ 59kb ) underside usa : fr 9705 nr . liberty and lion gulch , ( 47°17 ' 49n 120°39 ' 58w ±0 . 5km ) , kittitas co . , wa , 14 . 8 . 2001 , photo © markku savela
:
plain county , colorado
[ error , placer co . , california ]
hesperia titus fabricius , 1793 ; ent . syst . 3 ( 1 ) : 297
1000x819 ( ~ 93kb ) underside usa : dry falls / sun lakes state park , grant co . , wa , 8 . 7 . 2000 , photo © markku savela
600x810 ( ~ 55kb ) underside usa : dry falls / sun lakes state park , grant co . , wa , 9 . 7 . 2000 , photo © markku savela
1100x917 ( ~ 122kb ) underside usa : utah , uintah co . , ashley national park , start of fr - 020 ( 40°40 ' 35
n 109°29 ' 14
w ) , 1 . 8 . 2012 , photo © markku savela
= strymon titus titus ; pelham , 2008 , j . res . lepid . 40 : 206
strymon titus immaculosus comstock , 1913 ; bull . brooklyn ent . soc . 8 ( 3 ) : 33 , pl . 2 , f . a - g ; tl : provo , utah
strymon titus watsoni barnes & benjamin , 1926 ; bull . south . calif . acad . sci . 25 ( 3 ) : 94 ; tl : kerrville , texas
harkenclenus titus occidentalis austin & emmel , 1998 ; syst . w . n . am . butts . ( 42 ) : 507 , f . 27 - 30 ; tl : nevada , pershing co .
harkenclenus titus winteri gatrelle , 2004 ; taxonomic rep . 4 ( 6 ) : 10 , f . 23 - 26 ; tl : sherborn [ middlesex co . , massachusetts ]
harkenclenus titus campus gatrelle , 2004 ; taxonomic rep . 4 ( 6 ) : 10 , f . 9 - 18 ; tl : iow , shelby co .
thecla edwardsii grote & robinson , 1867 ; trans . amer . ent . soc . 1 : 172 ; tl : canada
rusticus calanus hübner , [ 1809 ] ; samml . exot . schmett . 1 : pl . [ 100 ] , f . 1 - 4
1200x844 ( ~ 120kb ) underside usa : alabama , 22 . 5 . 2002 , photo © vitaly charny
1000x1099 ( ~ 139kb ) underside usa : alabama , 20 . 6 . 2005 , photo © vitaly charny
1000x1072 ( ~ 110kb ) underside usa : alabama , 27 . 5 . 2006 , photo © vitaly charny
strymon boreale lafontaine , 1970 ; j . lep . soc . 24 ( 2 ) : 83 , f . 1 - 4 , 7
strymon falacer godarti field , 1938 ; j . kansas ent . soc . 11 ( 4 ) : 129 ; tl : rosement , teller co . , colorado
strymon caryaevorus mcdunnough , 1942 ; can . ent . 74 ( 1 ) : 1 ; tl : merivale , ontario
strymon kingi klots & clench , 1952 ; amer . mus . novit . 1600 : 2 ; tl : savannah , georgia
thecla liparops le conte , 1833 ; hist . lép . am . sept . ( 9 / 10 ) : 99 , ( 11 - 22 ) pl . 31 , f . 1 - 4 ; tl : screven co . , georgia
thecla strigosa var . liparops fletcher , 1904 ; can . ent . 36 ( 5 ) : 124 ( preocc . thecla liparops le conte , 1833 ) ; tl : manitoba , rounthwaite
strymon liparops aliparops michener & dos passos , 1942 ; amer . mus . novit . no . 1210 : 3 ; tl : glenwood springs , colorado
thecla auretorum boisduval , 1852 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . ( 2 ) 10 : 288 ; tl : california
thecla saepium boisduval , 1852 ; ann . soc . ent . fr . ( 2 ) 10 : 288 ; tl : california
800x763 ( ~ 61kb ) underside usa : fr9705 , ( ~ 47°18n 120°41w ) , kittitas co . , wa , 30 . 7 . 1999 , photo © markku savela
600x701 ( ~ 50kb ) underside usa : table mtn , kittitas co . , wa , 30 . 7 . 1999 , photo © markku savela
1600x1370 ( ~ 278kb ) underside usa : pike national forest , sugar creek on cr - 67 ( about 39°18 ' n 105°10 ' w ) , douglas co . , co , 29 . 7 . 2012 , photo © markku savela
larva on ceanothus cuneatus , c . velutinus , c . sanguineus , c . macrocarpus , less cercocarpus betuloides [ nab ]
argus ( gerhard , 1850 ) ; versuch mon . europ . schmett . ( 1 ) : 4 ; tl : lycaena ledereri , boisduval
transcaucasia , asia minor , anatolia , caucasus , caspian , palestine , samos . see [ maps ]
lycaena ledereri boisduval , 1848 ; bull . soc . ent . fr . ( 2 ) 6 : xxix
trancaucasia , kopet dagh ? , ghissar , w . pamirs , turkey , iran , afghanistan . see [ maps ]
strymon ledereri hyrcanica riley , 1939 ; novit . zool . 41 ( 4 ) : 360 ; tl : n . persia
armenia hyrcanica ; [ bru2 ] : 102 , pl . 52 , f . 31 - 39
fixsenia cyri nekrutenko , 1978 ; dopovidi akad . nauk . ukr . rsr ( b ) 1978 ( 1 ) : 83
euristrymon ( clench , 1961 ) ; in p & a . erlich ( eds . ) , how to know the butterflies : 184 , 212 ; tl : thecla favonius , smith
thecla herzi fixsen , 1887 ; in romanoff , mém . lépid . 3 : 279 , pl . 13 , f . 4 ; tl : korea ,
pung - tung
( the mountains at about 38° n . lat . / 128° e . long . )
nordmannia herzi ; [ bru2 ] : 104 , pl . 53 , f . 10 - 12
369x300 ( ~ 33kb ) underside male the onon river right bank floodland 5 km upstream of the village nizhnii tsasuchei , onon district , se chita province ( dahuria ) , transbaikalia , siberia , russia . 1st july 1996 , photo © oleg kosterin
larva on malus mandschurica , m . baccata [ baru ] , m . pallasiana [ bru2 ] , 104
eu , am , siberia , amurland , korea , japan . see [ maps ]
533x400 ( ~ 48kb ) underside female an edge of a swampy pine forest at the right branch of the ob ' river , the novosibirsk environs at the village nizhnyaya eltsovka , novosibirsk province , west siberia , russia . 4th july 1993 , photo © oleg kosterin
400x583 ( ~ 35kb ) underside female the ora rivulet valley 2 km nort of the village motkovo , moshkovo district , novosibirsk province . 28th june 1997 ( on an inflorescence of aegopodium podagraria l . ) , photo © oleg kosterin
623x899 ( ~ 124kb ) upperside underside male russia : s . tuva , korumnug - taiga mts . ( 1200m ) , 8 - 25 . 6 . 2002 , vashchenko a . & b . leg . photo © d . smirnov
654x657 ( ~ 125kb ) underside russia , moscow area , 12 . 6 . 2010 ( 36°25 ' e , 56°00 ' n ) , photo © d . smirnov
larva on prunus padus , rubus idaeus [ sprk ] , padus , prunus , sorbus [ baru ] , padus avium , padus asiatica , prunus spp . [ bru2 ] , 104
thecla pruni var . jezoensis matsumura , 1919 ; thous . ins . japan . addit . 3 : 616 , pl . 48 , f . 1 ; tl : hokkaido
seu , ceu , asia minor , lebanon , iraq , iran - s . ural . see [ maps ]
strymon spini bofilli de sagarra , 1924 ; butll . inst . catal . hist . nat . ( 2 ) 4 ( 9 ) : 200 ; tl : albarracin ( aragó ) , 1100m
647x875 ( ~ 122kb ) upperside underside ukraine : kherson region , 15 . 5 - 20 . 6 . 2003 , makarenko leg . photo © d . smirnov
melantho ( klug , 1834 ) ( lycaena ) ; in ehrenberg , symbolae phys . , ins . 4 : pl . 40 , f . 10 - 11
transbaikalia , amur , ussuri , n . china , korea . see [ maps ]
thecla spini var . latior fixsen , 1887 ; in romanoff , mém . lépid . 3 : 271 ; tl : pung - tung [ e . korea ]
nordmannia latior ; [ bru2 ] : 105 , pl . 53 , f . 31 - 33
800x600 ( ~ 96kb ) underside male the onon river left bank , shaded by willow thickets , 7 km upstream of the village nizhnii tsasuchei , onon district , chita province , se transbaikalia ( dahuria ) , siberia , russia . 11th july 1996 , photo © oleg kosterin
larva on rhamnus davurica , r . ussuriensis , ( ussuri ) armeniaca sibirica , ( transbaikailia ) [ bru2 ] , 105
ceu , seu , am , s . ural , ne . china , korea , japan . see [ maps ]
majuscula ( jachontov , 1911 ) ( thecla ) ; mitt . kaukas . mus . 5 : 313
609x812 ( ~ 87kb ) underside sweden , ekebo , julita , 31 . 7 . 2004 , photo © leif wahlberg
larva on quercus , ulmus , u . laevis , ulmus propinga , alnus , fraxinus , tilia , ( arboreal rosaceae ) prunus , malus , padus [ baru ]
ceu , seu , caucasus , transcaucasia , s . siberia , transbaikalia , far east
800x600 ( ~ 70kb ) underside male a tree of ulmus pumila l . on the onon river righht bank floodland , 7 km upstream of the village nizhnii tsasuchei , onon district , se chita region , transbaikalia , siberia , russia , 4th july 1995 , photo © oleg kosterin
1040x955 ( ~ 376kb ) underside russia , west siberia , omsk , the 30th anniversary of victory park . 15th july 2007 ( on sorbaria sorbifolia ) , photo © oleg kosterin
strymon fentoni butler , [ 1882 ] ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1881 ( 4 ) : 854 ; tl : yesso
: korea ,
pung - tung
( the mountains at about 38° n . lat . / 128° e . long . )
nordmannia eximia ; [ bru2 ] : 105 , pl . 53 , f . 22 - 24
altai , sayan , transbaikalia , amur , ussuri , mongolia , ne . china , korea . see [ maps ]
thecla fulvofenestrata fixsen , 1887 ; in romanoff , mém . lépid . 3 : 279
nordmannia prunoides ; [ bru2 ] : 106 , pl . 53 , f . 37 - 40
533x400 ( ~ 54kb ) underside female a rocky ridge crest on the adon - chelon elevation , at the mountain tsagan - obo , 10 km nnw of the village tasyrkhoi , s chita province ( dahuria ) , transbaikalia , siberia , russia . 9th july 1996 ( on its foodplant spiraea aquilegifolia pallas ) , photo © oleg kosterin
larva on spiraea media , spiraea spp . , ( not padus or rhamnus ? ) [ bru2 ] , 106
nordmannia runides ; [ baru , ( note ) ] ; [ bru2 ] : 106 ( note ) , pl . 53 , f . 47 - 48
seu , ceu , sw . siberia , asia minor , caucasus , transcaucasia , lebanon , s . ural . see [ maps ]
prinoptas ( zerny , 1932 ) ( thecla ) ; dt . ent . z . iris 46 : 176 ; tl : lebanon
strimon [ sic ] esculi neglecta de sagarra , 1926 ; butll . inst . catal . hist . nat . ( 2 ) 6 ( 6 - 7 ) : 136
nordmannia esculi reisseri de bros & schmidt - kohl , 1979 ; mitt . ent . ges . basel 29 ( 1 ) : 16 ( nom . nud . ) ; tl : chefchaoune ( morocco )
nordmannia esculi mauretanica ; [ bmat ] : 25 , pl . 9 , f . 8 - 18
strimon [ sic ] acaciae fumosa de sagarra , 1926 ; butll . inst . catal . hist . nat . ( 2 ) 6 ( 6 - 7 ) : 135
nordmannia abdominalis ; [ bru2 ] : 107 , pl . 53 , f . 44 - 46
lycaena myrtale klug , 1834 ; in ehrenberg , symbolae phys . , ins . 4 : 1 , pl . 40 , f . 15 - 16
thecla thalia leech , [ 1893 ] ; butts china japan corea ( 2 ) : 367 , pl . 30 , f . 15
strymon thalia ; [ bow ] : pl . 206 , f . 35 ( text )
papilio favonius smith , 1797 ; in smith & abbot , nat . hist . rarer lepid . ins . georgia 1 : 27 , pl . 14 ; tl : georgia
larva on quercus virginiana , q . laurifolia , q . ilicifolia , q . alba gifford & opler , 1983 , j . lep . soc . 37 ( 2 ) : 104
strymon polingi barnes & benjamin , 1926 ; bull . south . calif . acad . sci . 25 ( 3 ) : 94 ; tl : brewster co . , texas
pseudothecla ( strand , 1910 ) ; ent . rundsch . 27 : 162 ( repl . erschoffia tutt , [ 1907 ] ) ; tl : thecla lunulata , erschoff
n . iran , kashmir , baluchistan , w . tien - shan , nw . himalaya , chitral - mussoorie . see [ maps ]
thecla sassanides kollar , [ 1849 ] ; denkschr . akad . wiss . wien . 1 : 51 ; tl : schiraz [ s . iran ]
larva on amygdalus bucharica , a . spinosissima , cerasus verrucosa [ bru2 ] , 103
s . ghissar ? , ghissar - darvaz , w . pamirs . see [ maps ]
thecla lunulata erschoff , 1874 ; in fedschenko , travels in turkestan . 2 ( 5 ) : 7 , pl . 1 , f . 5 ; tl : [ . . between iori an dashty - kazy in zeravshan valley , uzbekistan ]
nw . tian - shan , inner tian - shan , darvaz , alai . see [ maps ]
thecla lulunala f . acaudata staudinger , 1901 ; cat . lep . palaearct . faunengeb . 1 : 70 ; tl : ferg . [ fregana valley , uzbekistan ]
thecla mirabilis erschoff , 1874 ; in fedschenko , travels in turkestan . 2 ( 5 ) : 7 , pl . 1 , f . 4 - 5 ; tl : zeravshansky mts .
deria ( moore , 1865 ) ( thecla ) ; proc . zool . soc . lond . 1865 ( 2 ) : 507 , pl . 31 , f . 11 ; tl : uper kunawur
lais ( leech , 1893 ) ( thecla ) ; butts china japan corea ( 2 ) : 363 , pl . 29 , f . 4 ; tl : china
strymonidia inouei shirôzu , 1959 ; kontyû 27 ( 1 ) : 91 , pl . 8 , f . 9 - 10 ♀ ; tl : vicinity of musha , formosa
thecla percomis leech , 1894 ; butts china japan corea ( 2 ) : 366 , pl . 29 , f . 5
thecla patrius leech , 1891 ; entomologist 24 ( suppl . ) : 58 ; tl : pu - tsu - fong , 10000ft
strymonidia patrius ; [ bow ] : pl . 10 , f . 32 ( text only )
thecla v - album oberthür , 1886 ; étud . d ' ent . 11 : 20 , pl . 4 , f . 23 ; tl : tibet
? strymon v - album ; [ bow ] : pl . 206 , f . 37
strymon ornata ; [ bow ] : pl . 206 , f . 37 ( text )
strymon persimilis riley , 1939 ; novit . zool . 41 ( 4 ) : 360 ; tl : yunnan
strymon dejeani riley , 1939 ; novit . zool . 41 ( 4 ) : 360 ; tl : siao - lou
fixenia oenone minyonensis yoshino , 1999 ; neo lepidoptera 4 : 4 , f . 29 - 30 , 33 - 34 ; tl : mt . meilishueshan , deqin , n . yunnan
fixenai oenone benzilanensis yoshino , 1999 ; neo lepidoptera 4 : 5 , f . 31 - 32 , 35 - 36 ; tl : xiancheng , sw . sichuan
strymon marcidus riley , 1921 ; ann . mag . nat . hist . ( 9 ) 8 ( 47 ) : 600 ; tl : persia , harir ; karind gorge
thecla mera janson , 1877 ; cistula ent . 2 : 156 ; tl : matzabaro , about 200 miles nw of yedo
strymonidia mera ; [ bow ] : pl . 10 , f . 30 ( text only )
thecla myrtale var . armena rebel , 1901 ; ann . hofmus . wien . 16 : 165
jebelia nakamura , 1975 ² ; j . ent . ( b ) 44 ( 3 ) : ( 283 - 295 )
thecla eximia watarii matsumura , 1927 ; ins . matsumurana 2 ( 2 ) : 117 , pl . 3 , f . 3 ; tl : formosa
iyonis ( oxta & kusunoki , 1957 ) ; trans . shikoku ent . soc . 5 : 101
strymonidia iyonis kibiensis shirôzu & nanba , 1973 ; tyô to ga 23 ( 3 & 4 ) : 65 , f . 1 - 4 ; tl : niimi city , okayama pref .
larva on rhamnus yoshinoi , r . japonica , r . japonica var . decipiens shirôzu & nanba , 1973 , tyô to ga 23 ( 3 & 4 ) : 65
thecla yangi riley , 1939 ; novit . zool . 41 ( 4 ) : 358 ; tl : china , foochow
sayrium kuboi chou & tong , 1994 ; in chou , monographia rhopalocerum sinensium 1 - 2 : 771 , 661 , f . 72 ; tl : hangzhou , zhejiang
thecla saitua tytler , 1915 ; j . bombay nat . hist . soc . 24 ( 1 ) : 132 , pl . 3 , f . 25
thecla formosana matsumura , 1910 ; ent . zs . 23 ( 50 ) : 221 ; tl : formosa , koshun ; horisha
muksuria churkin & pletnev , 2010 ; ; tl : tadzhikistan , peter i mts , depshal vill . , 2500m
zabirovi churkin & pletnev , 2010 ; ; tl : tadzhikistan , pamirs , vanchsky mts , gushkon riv . vall , 2000m
turkmanica churking & pletnev , 2010 ; turkmenistan , kopetdagh mts . , 15km e of mokhur , ipai - kala vill . , 1100m
thecla ilicoides gerhard , 1850 ; versuch mon . europ . schmett . ( 1 ) : 3 , pl . 4 , f . 5a - c
thecla ilicoides var . maculatus gerhard , 1850 ; versuch mon . europ . schmett . ( 1 ) : 3 , pl . 4 , f . 4
thecla acaciae [ ? ] acaciaeformis verity , 1914 ; boll . soc . ent . ital . 45 : 229
the dates of e . j . c . esper ' s die schmetterlinge in abblidungen . . . 1776 - [ 1830 ] ; archives of natural history ( 1981 ) 10 ( 2 ) : 251 - 254
butterflies of north america . 2 . scientific names list for butterfly species of north america , north of mexico .
[ spl ] varis , v . ( ed ) , ahola , m . , albrecht , a . , jalava , j . , kaila , l . , kerppola , s . , kullberg , j . , 1995
[ ² ] this may require parentheses or not . i don ' t have the necessary information for this taxon .
[ lépidoptères recueillis par m . kindermann aux environs d ' odessa et au pied du caucase ]
lycaenidae
, pp . 176 - 288 in p & a . erlich ( eds . ) ,
descriptions of certain species of diurnal lepidoptera found within the limits of the united states and of british america . - no . [ 1 ] - 3
die schmetterlinge in abbildungen nach der natur mit beschreibungen . theil i . die tagschmetterlinge . band 1
versuch einer monographie der europäischen schmetteringsarten : thecla , polyomattus [ sic ] , lycaena , nemeobius . als beitrag zur schmetterlingskunde
report of h . huang ' s 2000 expedition to se . tibet for rhopalocera
studies on the family lycaenidae ii . new taxa and records from turkey lycaeniden - studie ii . neue taxa und meldungen aus der türkei ( lep . lycaenidae )
systema naturae per regna tria naturae , secundum clases , ordines , genera , species , cum characteribus , differentiis , symonymis , locis . tomis i . 10th edition
list of diurnal lepidoptera collected by capt . a . m . lang in the n . w . himalayas
some undescribed rhopalocera from mesopotamia and n . w . persia ; and other notes
synonymic list of the butterflies of north america , north of mexico . ( 2 ) rurales
die macrolepidopteren des amurgebiets . i . theil . rhopalocera , sphinges , bombyces , noctuae in romanoff ,
a natural history of the british lepidoptera . a text - book for students and collectors
notes on some new and interesting butterflies from manipur and the naga hills . part 1 - 3
zerny , 1932 lepidopteren aus dem nördlichen libanon dt . ent . z . iris 46 : 157 - 191
if you have corrections , comments or information to add into these pages , just send mail to markku savela keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources , and may include many inaccuracies . expert help is welcome .
html public
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pieridae ( 22 species ) duponchel 1832 . ( whites , orangetips , & sulfurs )
butterflies comprise one of the major subdivisions of the insect order lepidoptera . approximately one hundred and twenty species of butterfly and several additional subspecies have been recorded , mostly by amateur observers , in lake and klamath counties , oregon . these insects , well known for the beauty they lend to warm summer days , are also an integral part of the ecosystems they inhabit . many pollinate plants and serve as food sources for birds . recent work has shown that the health of native ecosystems can be be monitored by the abundance and distribution of these insects . recording the species from a geographic area can provide a baseline from which to judge the effects of changes over time that may be occuring .
the checklist that follows is an attempt to provide an approximation of the number and kind of species occuring at the present time in this area . anyone who sights a species not on the below list is invited to report their observation to the forest ecologist , robert wooley at 541 - 576 - 7564 . to see a full size photo of the butterflies below click on the image .
the branded skipper is one of the most common butterflies in the great basin sagelands and the pine forests of the cascades . it nectars frequently at flowers in the asteraceae or sunflower family .
becker ' s white is frequently observed nectaring on thistles and other members of the sunflower family .
a common skipper emerging in late july and august frequently visiting rabbitbrush . this skipper lays its eggs on desert saltgrass a species of alkaline flats .
egg of sandhill skipper on desert saltgrass . observing where butterflies lay their eggs can be a challenging photographic pursuit requiring both physical agility and acute observation skills . information gleaned from making these observations can be very valuable to the conservation of both the insects and plants they interact with .
a male sonora skipper ( on left ) courting a female . male skippers establish territories they patrol . when a female enters their territory courtship ensues with the male displaying and attempting to win the females attention .
telling skippers apart requires a fine sense of observing details . the juba skipper has longer more pointed wings than the branded skipper and slightly different markings .
there are many species of blue butterflies . telling them apart is often difficult . one of the more easily identified blues is the arrowhead with its distinctive arrowhead shaped white wing marks . the ancient greek word for butterfly is psyche incorporated into the genus name of this species . to the greeks the mysterious metamorphosis that takes place from the ugly caterpillar to the beautiful butterfly was associated with the transformation sometimes seen in the human psyche